text stringlengths 57 1.72k | relation stringclasses 125
values | h dict | t dict |
|---|---|---|---|
fishbein 's mathematical model and the ana quality assurance model were used to study nurses ' charting behavior , based on selected attitudes , norms , and motivation levels . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0004927",
"name": "behavior",
"pos": [
104,
112
]
} | {
"id": "C0026605",
"name": "motivation",
"pos": [
157,
167
]
} |
reproductive competence , as measured by weight gain during pregnancy , duration of pregnancy and foetal outcome , was assessed in primiparous rats ( 4 -- 6 months of age ) with various histories of malnutrition . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0035150",
"name": "reproductive",
"pos": [
0,
12
]
} | {
"id": "C0032961",
"name": "pregnancy",
"pos": [
84,
93
]
} |
thus , it was concluded that an externally added factor did not stimulate random transcription but meaningful rna synthesis in isolated nuclei . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcription",
"pos": [
81,
94
]
} | {
"id": "C1328948",
"name": "rna synthesis",
"pos": [
110,
123
]
} |
this may be due to increased substrate availability resulting from lactate production as the unoxidized-end-product of tumour glycolysis ( warburg effect ) . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0017952",
"name": "glycolysis",
"pos": [
126,
136
]
} | {
"id": "C1520120",
"name": "warburg",
"pos": [
139,
146
]
} |
the staining of tumors is related both to their histogenesis and degree of differentiation , being found only in lesions of surface epithelial or mesothelial origin and being more consistently present in well and moderately differentiated neoplasms . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0178679",
"name": "histogenesis",
"pos": [
48,
60
]
} | {
"id": "C0007589",
"name": "differentiated",
"pos": [
224,
238
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} |
these observations suggest that bronchogenic adenocarcinomas share a common histogenesis and most likely arise from a cell type committed to differentiation into ciliated epithelium . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0178679",
"name": "histogenesis",
"pos": [
76,
88
]
} | {
"id": "C0007589",
"name": "differentiation",
"pos": [
141,
156
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} |
[ muscular activity and mechanism of blood circulation in birds and mammals . diastolic waves . pulmonary vein valves . relative capacity of the cardiac cavities and the pulmonary veins ] . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0005775",
"name": "blood circulation",
"pos": [
37,
54
]
} | {
"id": "C0012000",
"name": "diastolic",
"pos": [
78,
87
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} |
the data demonstrate the existence of a specific segment of the population consisting of cells which have completed transcription related to division but not concomitant translation and which can recover from the radiation injury without synthesis of additional rna . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcription",
"pos": [
116,
129
]
} | {
"id": "C1328948",
"name": "synthesis",
"pos": [
238,
247
]
} |
they function in host defense reactions against micro-organisms , in interactions with lymphoid cells in immunity , in disposal of cell debris , and possible in the regulation of granulopoiesis . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0520990",
"name": "host defense",
"pos": [
17,
29
]
} | {
"id": "C0020964",
"name": "immunity",
"pos": [
105,
113
]
} |
mdp also enhanced the immune responsiveness of normal splenocytes to suboptimum concentrations of srbc , indicating that this material may be useful in enhancing immunity in situations where there would normally be a poor immune response . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0020964",
"name": "immunity",
"pos": [
162,
170
]
} | {
"id": "C0301872",
"name": "immune response",
"pos": [
222,
237
]
} |
it is probable that learning to read depends in part upon the ability to establish an association between a seen object ( customarily perceived within the right hemisphere ) and a verbal symbol ( mediated by the left ) . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0023185",
"name": "learning",
"pos": [
20,
28
]
} | {
"id": "C0030971",
"name": "perceived",
"pos": [
134,
143
]
} |
the greater transcriptional capacity of the slowly sedimenting ( euchromatin ) fractions was confirmed by their enhanced incorporation of radioactive precursors into rna in vivo and their increased template activity for in vitro rna synthesis by purified rna polymerase . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcriptional",
"pos": [
12,
27
]
} | {
"id": "C1328948",
"name": "rna synthesis",
"pos": [
229,
242
]
} |
for the research reported here , conducted in west germany , the wist was rendered into german and administered to patients diagnosed as acute ( n = 10 ) and chronic schizophrenic ( n = 10 ) patients and to groups of psychiatric ( n = 10 ) and normal ( n = 40 ) controls . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0004927",
"name": "conducted",
"pos": [
33,
42
]
} | {
"id": "C0039869",
"name": "wist",
"pos": [
65,
69
]
} |
the possibility of neuronal control of mbp gene expression is therefore postulated likely to be at the transcriptional level . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0017262",
"name": "gene expression",
"pos": [
43,
58
]
} | {
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcriptional",
"pos": [
103,
118
]
} |
the habenula has been shown to play an important role in a diverse set of behavioural systems , which include olfaction , ingestion , mating , endocrine function , aversive motivation , and brain stimulation . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0004927",
"name": "behavioural",
"pos": [
74,
85
]
} | {
"id": "C0026605",
"name": "motivation",
"pos": [
173,
183
]
} |
anatomical and behavioural support is presented for the view that the dorsal diencephalic conduction system provides an opportunity for interaction of activity in motivational systems with movement systems in the striatum and midbrain . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0004927",
"name": "behavioural",
"pos": [
15,
26
]
} | {
"id": "C0026605",
"name": "motivational",
"pos": [
163,
175
]
} |
two days before expected delivery , blood flow to the reproductive organs was determined by microsphere technique in normal control rats , rats with short-standing renal hypertension induced early in pregnancy , and rats with established renal hypertension induced 4 weeks before pregnancy . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0035150",
"name": "reproductive",
"pos": [
54,
66
]
} | {
"id": "C0032961",
"name": "pregnancy",
"pos": [
280,
289
]
} |
the early immune response ( 19 weeks ) in sheep inoculated parenterally with maedi virus was studied , using the lymphocyte transformation test , immunodiffusion test , complement-fixation test , and neutralization test . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0301872",
"name": "immune response",
"pos": [
10,
25
]
} | {
"id": "C0024262",
"name": "lymphocyte transformation",
"pos": [
113,
138
]
} |
analysis of changes in the frequencies of behaviours belonging to different motivational categories ( maintenance , sex , aggression , submission and affiliation ) revealed that , after intracaudate injections , all categories were affected to the same degree ; | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0004927",
"name": "behaviours",
"pos": [
42,
52
]
} | {
"id": "C0026605",
"name": "motivational",
"pos": [
76,
88
]
} |
transcription and accurate polyadenylation in vitro of rna from the major late adenovirus 2 transcription unit . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcription",
"pos": [
0,
13
]
} | {
"id": "C0949765",
"name": "polyadenylation",
"pos": [
27,
42
]
} |
at the cell level this effect is realized at the expense of the reduced cell division followed by mitosis replacement by intracellular pattern of regeneration as hypertrophy and polyploidy of hepatocytes . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0007590",
"name": "cell division",
"pos": [
72,
85
]
} | {
"id": "C0026255",
"name": "mitosis",
"pos": [
98,
105
]
} |
the influence of thyroid hormones on neurogenesis suggested that these hormones might affect the maturation and development of neural centers which ultimately regulate thyroid function . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0678723",
"name": "maturation",
"pos": [
97,
107
]
} | {
"id": "C0814002",
"name": "development",
"pos": [
112,
123
]
} |
the results indicated no significant difference in any sow reproductive of litter performance measurement during gestation or lactation or in milk ca and p concentration . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0035150",
"name": "reproductive",
"pos": [
59,
71
]
} | {
"id": "C0032961",
"name": "gestation",
"pos": [
113,
122
]
} |
impaired steroidogenesis in the luteal phase of the reproductive cycle and during pregnancy in rhesus monkeys immunized with the beta-subunit of ovine luteinizing hormone . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0035150",
"name": "reproductive",
"pos": [
52,
64
]
} | {
"id": "C0032961",
"name": "pregnancy",
"pos": [
82,
91
]
} |
in the digestive state the contractions of the pyloric sphincter and duodenal bulb were correlated in such a way that the contractions of the duodenal bulb were inhibited when the gastric waves travelled across the antrum and that the bulb contracted once or twice when the peristaltic waves arrived at the gastroduodenal junction . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0012238",
"name": "digestive",
"pos": [
7,
16
]
} | {
"id": "C0031133",
"name": "peristaltic",
"pos": [
274,
285
]
} |
histogenetic regularities of differentiation should be taken into account when analysing various reactive an pathological changes in the mammalian liver , since they are the incontrovertible arguments against a possible transformation of the hepatic beams into the bile ducts and vice versa . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0178679",
"name": "histogenetic",
"pos": [
0,
12
]
} | {
"id": "C0007589",
"name": "differentiation",
"pos": [
29,
44
]
} |
in stable populations , when reproductive success depends on size , age , or social status , or when adult exceeds juvenile mortality , then maturation should be delayed , as it should be in declining populations . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0035150",
"name": "reproductive",
"pos": [
29,
41
]
} | {
"id": "C0678723",
"name": "maturation",
"pos": [
141,
151
]
} |
during control breathing and with nip the acceleration of heart rate during inspiration was associated with rising pba and rising net filling pressures of both ventricles . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0035203",
"name": "breathing",
"pos": [
15,
24
]
} | {
"id": "C0004048",
"name": "inspiration",
"pos": [
76,
87
]
} |
the irradiation resulted in selective lymphocytopenia , but the effect on the immune response of lymphocytes , as measured in vitro with lymphocyte transformation tests , varied . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0301872",
"name": "immune response",
"pos": [
78,
93
]
} | {
"id": "C0024262",
"name": "lymphocyte transformation",
"pos": [
137,
162
]
} |
finally the findings are discussed from different points of view ( methodical , cognition-theoretical , learning-psychological , psychoanalytical and last not least medical ) . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0009240",
"name": "cognition",
"pos": [
80,
89
]
} | {
"id": "C0023185",
"name": "learning",
"pos": [
104,
112
]
} |
certain types of actions associated with attempted suicide such as seeking help or social isolation appear to be revealing of particular behavioral patterns or motives . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0004927",
"name": "behavioral",
"pos": [
137,
147
]
} | {
"id": "C0026605",
"name": "motives",
"pos": [
160,
167
]
} |
plasma bradykininogen and reproductive cycles : studies during the oestrous cycle and pregnancy in the rat , and in the human menstrual cycle . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0035150",
"name": "reproductive",
"pos": [
26,
38
]
} | {
"id": "C0032961",
"name": "pregnancy",
"pos": [
86,
95
]
} |
plasma bradykininogen and reproductive cycles : studies during the oestrous cycle and pregnancy in the rat , and in the human menstrual cycle . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0035150",
"name": "reproductive",
"pos": [
26,
38
]
} | {
"id": "C0025329",
"name": "menstrual cycle",
"pos": [
126,
141
]
} |
[ the duplication system of the bacterial cell . 3. topological studies of dna replication and division of nuclei ; general model of the sequential and spatial organization of the duplication systme ] . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0007590",
"name": "the",
"pos": [
2,
5
]
} | {
"id": "C1155789",
"name": "division",
"pos": [
95,
103
]
} |
the immune responses of these rabbits to cws and ribitol teichoic acid ( rta ) before and after immunization with cw/cfa were studied and the results of skin tests with lymphocyte blastogenesis and hemagglutination tests correlated . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0301872",
"name": "immune",
"pos": [
4,
10
]
} | {
"id": "C0024262",
"name": "blastogenesis",
"pos": [
180,
193
]
} |
investigation of the variations in the index of labeled mitoses throughout 90 hours after a single injection to mice of 3h-thymidine at 01 or at 13 o'clock ( the periods of the maximal and minimal labeling index in the circadian rhythm of cell proliferation ) showed that the cell population which had completed synchronously the mitotic cycle during the first day of experiment also plays the main role in the formation of the peak rhythms in the mitotic index in the following days . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0596290",
"name": "cell proliferation",
"pos": [
239,
257
]
} | {
"id": "C0026255",
"name": "mitotic cycle",
"pos": [
330,
343
]
} |
we have developed transcription system in vitro , which permits us to visualize the transcription-initiation complexes on a mouse beta globin restricted fragment from a recombinant beta globin bacteriophage dna . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcription",
"pos": [
18,
31
]
} | {
"id": "C1158830",
"name": "transcription-initiation",
"pos": [
84,
108
]
} |
this brought about spasmolysis , an increase in the circulation and an increase in the acral systolic blood pressure . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0005775",
"name": "circulation",
"pos": [
52,
63
]
} | {
"id": "C0039155",
"name": "systolic",
"pos": [
93,
101
]
} |
this review summarizes the experience gained on interactions between antimicrobial agents and some reactions of the host defense system ( adherence , chemotaxis , phagocytosis , microbicidal activity of leukocytes , complement system , antibody production , cell-mediated immunity ) and attempts a critical evaluation . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0520990",
"name": "host defense",
"pos": [
116,
128
]
} | {
"id": "C0031308",
"name": "phagocytosis",
"pos": [
163,
175
]
} |
this review summarizes the experience gained on interactions between antimicrobial agents and some reactions of the host defense system ( adherence , chemotaxis , phagocytosis , microbicidal activity of leukocytes , complement system , antibody production , cell-mediated immunity ) and attempts a critical evaluation . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0520990",
"name": "host defense",
"pos": [
116,
128
]
} | {
"id": "C0020966",
"name": "cell-mediated immunity",
"pos": [
258,
280
]
} |
changes in respiratory function , since there was a strict correlation between the severity of the scoliosis and the degree of change in certain indices of respiratory function ( vital capacity , maximum expiratory volume per second , maximum ventilation per minute ) ; | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0035203",
"name": "respiratory function",
"pos": [
11,
31
]
} | {
"id": "C0004048",
"name": "in",
"pos": [
260,
262
]
} |
changes in respiratory function , since there was a strict correlation between the severity of the scoliosis and the degree of change in certain indices of respiratory function ( vital capacity , maximum expiratory volume per second , maximum ventilation per minute ) ; | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0035203",
"name": "respiratory function",
"pos": [
11,
31
]
} | {
"id": "C0231800",
"name": "expiratory",
"pos": [
204,
214
]
} |
these results suggest that expression of the fadl gene is regulated by the fadr gene and is inducible at the level of transcription by lcfa . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0017262",
"name": "expression",
"pos": [
27,
37
]
} | {
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcription",
"pos": [
118,
131
]
} |
the data presented in this report suggest that depression of some host defense mechanisms , particularly pmn chemotaxis and phagocytosis , may be important in the pathogenesis of anug . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0520990",
"name": "host defense",
"pos": [
66,
78
]
} | {
"id": "C0031308",
"name": "phagocytosis",
"pos": [
124,
136
]
} |
weight and collagen content of the mesometrium , that part of the reproductive tract which lies between the uterus and the body wall , were measured in the rat , throughout pregnancy and post-partum . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0035150",
"name": "reproductive",
"pos": [
66,
78
]
} | {
"id": "C0032961",
"name": "pregnancy",
"pos": [
173,
182
]
} |
the need to repress expression of this gene during latency suggests a possible novel regulatory role for tandem repeat structures inside a eucaryotic virus transcription unit . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0017262",
"name": "expression",
"pos": [
20,
30
]
} | {
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcription",
"pos": [
156,
169
]
} |
the effect of age and cell proliferation on the frequency of sister chromatid exchange in human lymphocytes cultured in vitro . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0596290",
"name": "cell proliferation",
"pos": [
22,
40
]
} | {
"id": "C0037211",
"name": "sister chromatid",
"pos": [
61,
77
]
} |
a large molar excess of abortive initiation events was detected relative to the level of productive transcription events , indicating a 40-fold higher efficiency of transcription initiation vs. elongation . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcription",
"pos": [
100,
113
]
} | {
"id": "C1158830",
"name": "transcription initiation",
"pos": [
165,
189
]
} |
these experiments suggest that p53 is implicated in melc cell proliferation and that an induced decrease in p53 may be responsible for g1 phase prolongation and terminal g1 arrest . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0596290",
"name": "melc",
"pos": [
52,
56
]
} | {
"id": "C0079395",
"name": "g1",
"pos": [
170,
172
]
} |
these experiments suggest that p53 is implicated in melc cell proliferation and that an induced decrease in p53 may be responsible for g1 phase prolongation and terminal g1 arrest . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0596290",
"name": "melc",
"pos": [
52,
56
]
} | {
"id": "C1517342",
"name": "g1 arrest",
"pos": [
170,
179
]
} |
these experiments suggest that p53 is implicated in melc cell proliferation and that an induced decrease in p53 may be responsible for g1 phase prolongation and terminal g1 arrest . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0079395",
"name": "g1",
"pos": [
135,
137
]
} | {
"id": "C1517342",
"name": "g1 arrest",
"pos": [
170,
179
]
} |
since no differences in intertrial intervals or extinction behavior were seen , the effect was not attributed to differences in arousal or motivational state . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0004927",
"name": "behavior",
"pos": [
59,
67
]
} | {
"id": "C0026605",
"name": "motivational",
"pos": [
139,
151
]
} |
because of the very high reproducibility/stability in vitro and morphologic maturation of both hair cells and gross structure of the crista ampullaris , organ culture of the 16th gestational day inner ear explant is a suitable model in the study of the late embryonic development under normal and pathological conditions . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0678723",
"name": "maturation",
"pos": [
76,
86
]
} | {
"id": "C0013936",
"name": "embryonic development",
"pos": [
258,
279
]
} |
in mammary gland , prolactin controls the expression of milk protein genes by enhancing their transcription rate and also by increasing the stability and the translation rate of the mrnas . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0017262",
"name": "expression",
"pos": [
42,
52
]
} | {
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcription",
"pos": [
94,
107
]
} |
different tissues showed varying rates of cell and tissue growth as well as tissue cellularity during development . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C1621966",
"name": "tissue growth",
"pos": [
51,
64
]
} | {
"id": "C0178679",
"name": "tissue",
"pos": [
76,
82
]
} |
yet , if both partners unreflectively allow affectivity excessively to intrude into their relationship , their behaviour may then be inspired by subconscious , rather than rational , motives . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0004927",
"name": "behaviour",
"pos": [
111,
120
]
} | {
"id": "C0026605",
"name": "motives",
"pos": [
183,
190
]
} |
as with silkworm trna and 5s rna genes , transcription of bmx requires sequence signals located both upstream and downstream from the site of transcription initiation . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcription",
"pos": [
41,
54
]
} | {
"id": "C1158830",
"name": "transcription initiation",
"pos": [
142,
166
]
} |
the homologous portion contained transcriptional regulatory sequences including cat , tata , polyadenylation signal boxes and an octamer enhancer , which is rarely seen in retroviruses . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcriptional",
"pos": [
33,
48
]
} | {
"id": "C0949765",
"name": "polyadenylation",
"pos": [
93,
108
]
} |
the congruent validity of the allen cognitive levels ( acl ) test as a measure of cognition , specifically of the fluid information-processing abilities that underlie learning , was investigated . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0009240",
"name": "cognition",
"pos": [
82,
91
]
} | {
"id": "C0023185",
"name": "learning",
"pos": [
167,
175
]
} |
in the infants without lung disease , breathing 17 % o2 led to a significant increase in minute ventilation ( 26 +/- 25 % ; p = 0.05 ) , but there was no consistent change in mid-expiratory flow . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0035203",
"name": "breathing",
"pos": [
38,
47
]
} | {
"id": "C0231800",
"name": "expiratory",
"pos": [
179,
189
]
} |
following the expression of the nap9 gene by transcription and translation in vitro , a radiolabelled protein was produced which displayed a gel electrophoretic mobility and solubility in chloroform/methanol characteristic of the authentic subunit 9 proteolipid encoded in vivo by the mitochondrial oli1 gene . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0017262",
"name": "expression",
"pos": [
14,
24
]
} | {
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcription",
"pos": [
45,
58
]
} |
the temporal pattern of ventilation , tidal volume , breathing frequency , and inspired and expired times , and the ventilation-vco2 relationship were similar between exe and exv . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0035203",
"name": "breathing",
"pos": [
53,
62
]
} | {
"id": "C0004048",
"name": "inspired",
"pos": [
79,
87
]
} |
we conclude that the interruption in amylase gene expression in parotid gland neoplasms occurs at the transcriptional level . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0017262",
"name": "gene",
"pos": [
45,
49
]
} | {
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcriptional",
"pos": [
102,
117
]
} |
in addition , group-specific cell-mediated immunity and cell-mediated cytotoxicity against infected t4 cells were obtained after the primary vaccine and enhanced by the boosts . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0020966",
"name": "cell-mediated immunity",
"pos": [
29,
51
]
} | {
"id": "C0301896",
"name": "cell-mediated cytotoxicity",
"pos": [
56,
82
]
} |
the results suggest that the dexamethasone-induced inhibition of collagen production is primarily due to decreased levels of functional procollagen mrna , possibly resulting from receptor-mediated inhibition of the gene expression on the transcriptional level . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0017262",
"name": "gene expression",
"pos": [
215,
230
]
} | {
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcriptional",
"pos": [
238,
253
]
} |
the behavior of male and female wistar rats pressing a lever for food is not affected by sex differences in food motivation . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0004927",
"name": "behavior",
"pos": [
4,
12
]
} | {
"id": "C0026605",
"name": "motivation",
"pos": [
113,
123
]
} |
to determine whether protective immunity and/or enhanced metastasis were the consequences of immune responses specific for inherent tumor-associated viral antigens , non-metastatic b16 melanoma cells were deliberately infected with mycoplasma arginini . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0020964",
"name": "immunity",
"pos": [
32,
40
]
} | {
"id": "C0301872",
"name": "immune",
"pos": [
93,
99
]
} |
the modulation of gonadotropin gene expression in vivo by 17 beta-estradiol ( e2 ) was investigated at the level of gonadotropin subunit gene transcription . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0017262",
"name": "gene expression",
"pos": [
31,
46
]
} | {
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "gene transcription",
"pos": [
137,
155
]
} |
thus , the estrogen status in vivo can affect gonadotropin subunit gene expression at the transcriptional level . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0017262",
"name": "gene",
"pos": [
67,
71
]
} | {
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcriptional",
"pos": [
90,
105
]
} |
our data raise the possibility that expression of the delta 1-crystallin gene involves a negative cis-acting transcription element , a speculation which may deserve further attention in view of the gradual decrease in delta-crystallin synthesis in the developing lens . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0017262",
"name": "expression",
"pos": [
36,
46
]
} | {
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcription",
"pos": [
109,
122
]
} |
based on these data , we suggest that the lack of expression of the endogenous beta-globin gene in k562 cells does not result from an alteration in the gene itself and may not result from a lack of factor ( s ) necessary for beta-globin gene transcription . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0017262",
"name": "expression",
"pos": [
50,
60
]
} | {
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "gene transcription",
"pos": [
237,
255
]
} |
to identify the dna sequences involved in transcription of the enterotoxin b gene , the transcription initiation and termination sites were determined by nuclease s1 protection experiments . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcription",
"pos": [
42,
55
]
} | {
"id": "C1158830",
"name": "transcription initiation",
"pos": [
88,
112
]
} |
the increase in gene expression after uv irradiation appears to require transcription but not de novo protein synthesis , and correlates with an accumulation of stable mrna . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0017262",
"name": "gene expression",
"pos": [
16,
31
]
} | {
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcription",
"pos": [
72,
85
]
} |
the data indicate that the change in the expression of the gene encoding pcg56 rna is regulated differently from that encoding 2b5 rna , and are interpreted as evidence that the pcg56 gene is regulated by an interaction between transcriptional and post-transcriptional controls . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0017262",
"name": "expression",
"pos": [
41,
51
]
} | {
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcriptional",
"pos": [
253,
268
]
} |
the biochemistry of female reproductive tissues studied by phosphorus nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy : effects of pregnancy , hormonal manipulation , and disease . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0035150",
"name": "reproductive",
"pos": [
27,
39
]
} | {
"id": "C0032961",
"name": "pregnancy",
"pos": [
123,
132
]
} |
these results indicate that the state of supercoiling of bacterial dna is strongly modulated by transcription , and that dna topoisomerases are normally involved in the elongation step of transcription . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcription",
"pos": [
96,
109
]
} | {
"id": "C1519591",
"name": "elongation",
"pos": [
169,
179
]
} |
using a derivative of the nam2 gene , where the expression of the gene is under the control of the uas gal10 , we have shown that the processing of the pre-mrna from the two mosaic genes oxi3 and cob-box is impaired when transcription of the gene is repressed . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0017262",
"name": "expression",
"pos": [
48,
58
]
} | {
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcription",
"pos": [
221,
234
]
} |
gene expression of human t-cell leukemia virus type 1 ( htlv-1 ) is regulated by two trans-acting factors encoded by the px region , p40tax and p27tax.p40tax is a transcriptional activator and p27rex is a post-transcriptional regulator . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0017262",
"name": "gene expression",
"pos": [
0,
15
]
} | {
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcriptional",
"pos": [
210,
225
]
} |
altogether the data indicate that iga-bfs obtained by spontaneous release from heterogeneous mononuclear cell suspensions or from iga receptor-positive human monoclonal b cell lines selectively depress the maturation of b cells into iga plasma cells and the proliferation of a surface iga+ b cell line . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C1511002",
"name": "maturation",
"pos": [
206,
216
]
} | {
"id": "C1155008",
"name": "proliferation",
"pos": [
258,
271
]
} |
the lac repressor had no detectable effect on the expression of a coinjected hsv-1 tk gene that had no operator insertion ( or on an msv-cat gene without an operator ) , indicating that the nonspecific dna-binding properties of the repressor do not inhibit transcription . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0017262",
"name": "expression",
"pos": [
50,
60
]
} | {
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcription",
"pos": [
257,
270
]
} |
because immunity to type ii collagen plays a critical role in cia , we characterized the guinea-pig 's immune response to determine the basis for this resistance . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0020964",
"name": "immunity",
"pos": [
8,
16
]
} | {
"id": "C0301872",
"name": "immune response",
"pos": [
103,
118
]
} |
our results show that the disparity between immunity to type ii collagen and the susceptibility to develop cia in guinea-pigs is due to their poor cross-reactive immune response to autologous type ii collagen . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0020964",
"name": "immunity",
"pos": [
44,
52
]
} | {
"id": "C0301872",
"name": "immune response",
"pos": [
162,
177
]
} |
the effect of the drug on respiration was studied in the rat , and the effect on the phrenic nerve activity which reflects the activity of an inspiratory centre was investigated in the cat vagotomized bilaterally at the level of the neck . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0035203",
"name": "respiration",
"pos": [
26,
37
]
} | {
"id": "C0004048",
"name": "inspiratory",
"pos": [
142,
153
]
} |
the inhibition of transcription was due mainly to inhibition of the initiation stage of rna synthesis . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcription",
"pos": [
18,
31
]
} | {
"id": "C1514672",
"name": "inhibition of",
"pos": [
50,
63
]
} |
progesterone was administered commencing with day 3 of pregnancy until the day caesarian section was done , in an attempt to rehabilitate placental development . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0032961",
"name": "pregnancy",
"pos": [
55,
64
]
} | {
"id": "C0032058",
"name": "placental development",
"pos": [
138,
159
]
} |
structural and energy metabolism are disturbed , and the marked inhibition of activity of the investigated enzymatic systems , except the glycolytic , is shown . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0014272",
"name": "energy metabolism",
"pos": [
15,
32
]
} | {
"id": "C0017952",
"name": "glycolytic",
"pos": [
138,
148
]
} |
the induction of a state of immune tolerance is a complex event which can take place at different stages of the immune response since it depends both upon the chemical structure and the experimental manipulation of the antigen . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0020964",
"name": "state",
"pos": [
19,
24
]
} | {
"id": "C0301872",
"name": "immune response",
"pos": [
112,
127
]
} |
analysis of these mutants ( 15,19 ) and other evidence ( 9 ) has shown that control over cell division timing normally acts at entry to mitosis . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0007590",
"name": "cell division",
"pos": [
89,
102
]
} | {
"id": "C0026255",
"name": "mitosis",
"pos": [
136,
143
]
} |
to ascertain the differences in responses between reproductive and nonreproductive tissues that account for this , we infused ang ii ( 0.573 , 5.73 , and 11.5 micrograms/min ) in pregnant sheep ( 137 +/- 5 days of gestation ) and monitored arterial pressure ( map ) , heart rate , and uterine blood flow ( ubf ) ; | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0035150",
"name": "reproductive",
"pos": [
50,
62
]
} | {
"id": "C0032961",
"name": "gestation",
"pos": [
214,
223
]
} |
because glucocorticoids can alter specific gene expression in at least one immunosuppressive murine retrovirus , mammary tumor virus , we explored the ability of dexamethasone ( dxm ) to upregulate chronic hiv replication or to alter transcription at the hiv-1 long terminal repeat ( ltr ) . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0017262",
"name": "gene expression",
"pos": [
43,
58
]
} | {
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcription",
"pos": [
234,
247
]
} |
in a transcription system using a hela cell mitochondrial lysate programmed by mitochondrial dna constructs containing the main heavy strand promoter and the transcription termination site at the 16s rrna/leucyl-trna boundary , an appreciable fraction of the heavy strand transcripts terminates at this site , as it does in vivo . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcription",
"pos": [
5,
18
]
} | {
"id": "C0597600",
"name": "transcription termination",
"pos": [
158,
183
]
} |
as more women postpone childbearing into their later reproductive years ( m. a. adams , g. p. oakley , and j. s. marks , j. amer . med . assoc . 247 , 493 , 1982 ) , the incidence of cancer in pregnancy is likely to increase . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0035150",
"name": "reproductive",
"pos": [
53,
65
]
} | {
"id": "C0032961",
"name": "pregnancy",
"pos": [
193,
202
]
} |
taken together , these changes and their time courses suggest the indirect dopamine agonist alters striatal ppt gene expression at two levels : 1 ) a transient increase in the rate of ppt gene transcription and 2 ) a more sustained increase in the rate at which ppt hnrna is processed to mature ppt mrna . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0017262",
"name": "gene expression",
"pos": [
112,
127
]
} | {
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcription",
"pos": [
193,
206
]
} |
reproductive data indicated no treatment-related effects on copulation efficiency or efficiency in effecting pregnancy , and there were no detectable treatment-related effects on preimplantation loss , postimplantation loss , embryotoxicity , or fetotoxicity in litters of females mated to males exposed to dmac at the levels used in this study . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0035150",
"name": "reproductive",
"pos": [
0,
12
]
} | {
"id": "C0032961",
"name": "pregnancy",
"pos": [
109,
118
]
} |
we have measured gamma-ray-induced neoplastic transformation in c3h10t1/2 mouse embryo cells irradiated at an average 10 cgy/day throughout the useful life span of these cells for transformation studies . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0007621",
"name": "neoplastic transformation",
"pos": [
35,
60
]
} | {
"id": "C1510411",
"name": "transformation",
"pos": [
180,
194
]
} |
twenty patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis were submitted to a 6-week rehabilitation program including bicycle training , breathing exercise , inhalation , massage , short wave therapy and others . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0035203",
"name": "breathing",
"pos": [
131,
140
]
} | {
"id": "C0004048",
"name": "inhalation",
"pos": [
152,
162
]
} |
it is further hypothesized that breast tissue susceptibility is inversely related to breast tissue differentiation , and that socially-mediated reproductive patterns ( involving both early-terminated and full-term pregnancies ) affect susceptibility both by altering ( via hormonally-mediated mechanisms ) the number and ratio of undifferentiated and differentiated cells , and by stimulating the growth of initiated and transformed cells . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0035150",
"name": "reproductive",
"pos": [
144,
156
]
} | {
"id": "C0032961",
"name": "pregnancies",
"pos": [
214,
225
]
} |
several conflicted traditions of case law have evolved to protect eyewitness testimony from hypnotic-like distortions in cognition , perception , and memory that can occur either during or outside of formal hypnotic procedures . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0009240",
"name": "cognition",
"pos": [
121,
130
]
} | {
"id": "C0030971",
"name": "perception",
"pos": [
133,
143
]
} |
we propose , therefore , that the t cell-negative regulator responsible for igh gene extinction does not simply prevent igh enhancer activation but interferes with gene expression more directly , perhaps by disrupting the transcription complex established as a result of tissue-specific enhancer activation . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0017262",
"name": "gene expression",
"pos": [
164,
179
]
} | {
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcription",
"pos": [
222,
235
]
} |
studies were performed while the animals were hyperventilated to apnea and , in addition , when breathing was stimulated by inhalation of 7 % co2 or by n-methyl-d-aspartic acid ( nmda ) applied to the ventral surface of the medulla . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0035203",
"name": "breathing",
"pos": [
96,
105
]
} | {
"id": "C0004048",
"name": "inhalation",
"pos": [
124,
134
]
} |
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