meta stringlengths 97 612 | red_pajama_subset stringclasses 4
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{'timestamp': '2016-07-19T02:04:55', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04768', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04768'} | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Let $G$ be a simple undirected graph with the \textit{vertex set} $V(G)$ and the \textit{edge set} $E(G)$. A vertex with degree one is called a \textit{pendant vertex}. The dist | ance between the vertices $u$ and $v$ in graph $G$ is denoted by $d_G(u,v)$. A cycle $C$ is called \textit{chordless} if $C$ has no \textit{cycle chord} (that is an edge not in the edge set of $C$ whose endpoints lie on the vertices of $C$).
The \textit{Induced subgraph} on vertex set $S$ is denoted by $\langle S\rangl... |
{'timestamp': '2016-07-18T02:07:38', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04531', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04531'} | arxiv | \section{Principle of nano strain-amplifier}
\begin{figure*}[t!]
\centering
\includegraphics[width=5.4in]{Fig1}
\vspace{-0.5em}
\caption{Schematic sketches of nanowire strain sensors. (a)( | b) Conventional non-released and released NW structure;
(c)(d) The proposed nano strain-amplifier and its simplified physical model.}
\label{fig:fig1}
\vspace{-1em}
\end{figure*}
Figure \ref{fig:fig1}(a) and 1(b) show the concept of the conventional structures of piezoresistive sensors. The piezoresistive el... |
{'timestamp': '2016-08-09T02:04:29', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04828', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04828'} | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{intro}
Gas has a fundamental role in shaping the evolution of galaxies,
through its accretion on to massive haloes, cooling and subsequent
fuelling of star formation, to | the triggering of extreme luminous
activity around super massive black holes. Determining how the
physical state of gas in galaxies changes as a function of redshift is
therefore crucial to understanding how these processes evolve over
cosmological time. The standard model of the gaseous interstellar
medium (ISM) in ga... |
{'timestamp': '2016-07-18T02:07:27', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04520', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04520'} | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Given $\rho>0$, we consider the problem
\begin{equation}\label{eq:main_prob_U}
\begin{cases}
-\Delta U + \lambda U = |U|^{p-1}U & \text{in }\Omega,\smallskip\\
\int_\Omega U^2 | \,dx = \rho, \quad U=0 & \text{on }\partial\Omega,
\end{cases}
\end{equation}
where $\Omega\subset{\mathbb{R}}^N$ is a Lipschitz, bounded domain, $1<p<2^*-1$, $\rho>0$ is a fixed
parameter, and both $U\in H^1_0(\Omega)$ and $\lambda\in{\mathbb{R}}$ are unknown. More precisely,
we investigate conditions on $p$ and $\rh... |
{'timestamp': '2016-07-20T02:04:30', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04648', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04648'} | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Despite the immense popularity and availability of online video content via outlets such as Youtube and Facebook,
most work on object detection
focuses on st | atic images.
Given the breakthroughs of deep convolutional neural networks
for detecting objects in static images,
the application of these methods to video
might seem straightforward.
However, motion blur and compression artifacts
cause substantial frame-to-frame variability,
even in videos that appear smooth to t... |
{'timestamp': '2017-01-26T02:07:48', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04617', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04617'} | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The wave-particle duality is an alternative statement of the complementarity principle, and it establishes the relation between \ankb{corpuscular and undulatory}{the corpuscula | r and the ondulatory} nature of quantum entities \cite{Bohr1928}. It can be illustrated in a two-way interferometer, where the apparatus can be set to observe \ankb{particle}{the particle} behavior when a single path is \ankb{taken}{taken,} or wave-like behavior, when the impossibility to define a path is shown by the ... |
{'timestamp': '2016-07-19T02:06:15', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04824', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04824'} | arxiv | \section{#1}\setcounter{equation}{0}}
\newcommand{\subsect}[1]{\subsection{#1}}
\renewcommand{\theequation}{\arabic{section}.\arabic{equation}}
\font\mbn=msbm10 scaled \magstep1
\font\mbs=msbm7 scaled | \magstep1
\font\mbss=msbm5 scaled \magstep1
\newfam\mbff
\textfont\mbff=\mbn
\scriptfont\mbff=\mbs
\scriptscriptfont\mbff=\mbss\def\fam\mbff{\fam\mbff}
\def{\mbf T}{{\fam\mbff T}}
\def{\mbf P}{{\fam\mbff P}}
\def{\mbf F}{{\fam\mbff F}}
\newcommand{{\mbf D}} {\mathbb{D}}
\newcommand{{\mbf R}} { \mathbb{R}}... |
{'timestamp': '2016-12-01T02:04:39', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04724', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04724'} | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:introduction}
In recent years there has been a resurgence of interest in the
properties of metastable states, due mostly to the studies of the
jammed | states of hard sphere systems; see for reviews
Refs. \onlinecite{charbonneau16, baule16}. There are many topics to
study, including for example the spectrum of small perturbations
around the metastable state, i.e. the phonon excitations and the
existence of a boson peak, and whether the ... |
{'timestamp': '2016-10-28T02:00:49', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04921', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04921'} | arxiv | \section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro}
The production of hadrons and jets at a future Electron Ion Collider (EIC) will play a central role in understanding the structure of the protons and nuclei w | hich comprise the visible matter in the universe. Measurements of inclusive jet and hadron production with transversely polarized protons probe novel phenomena within the proton such as the Sivers function~\cite{Kang:2011jw}, and address fundamental questions concerning the validity of QCD factorization. Event shapes... |
{'timestamp': '2016-07-19T02:02:47', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04707', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04707'} | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Compact stars have a large number of pulsation modes that have been extensively studied since the seminal work of Chandrasekhar on radial oscillations \cite{ | APJ140:417:1964,PRL12:114:1964}. In general, these modes are very difficult to observe in the electromagnetic spectrum; therefore most efforts have concentrated on gravitational wave asteroseismology in order to characterise the frequency and damping times of the modes that emit gravitational radiation. In particular, ... |
{'timestamp': '2016-07-18T02:09:11', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04608', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04608'} | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Ultra-cold molecules can play important roles in studies of many-body quantum physics~\cite{pupillo2008cold}, quantum logic operations~\cite{demille2002quantum}, and ultra-cold | chemistry~\cite{ni2010dipolar}. In our recent studies of LiRb, motivated largely by its large permanent dipole moment~\cite{aymar2005calculation}, we have explored the generation of these molecules in a dual species MOT~\cite{dutta2014formation,dutta2014photoassociation}. In particular, we have found that the rate of... |
{'timestamp': '2016-07-19T02:05:25', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04798', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04798'} | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:introduction}
The use of GPS for localizing sensor nodes in a sensor network is considered to be excessively expensive and wasteful, also in some cases intractable, | \cite{bul:00,bis:06}. Instead many solutions for the localization problem tend to use inter-sensor distance or range measurements. In such a setting the localization problem is to find unknown locations of say $N$ sensors using existing noisy distance measurements among them and to sensors with known locations, also re... |
{'timestamp': '2017-05-17T02:02:43', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04821', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04821'} | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Quantum theory of gravity is one of the most sought-after goals in physics. Despite continuous efforts to tackle this important problem, resulting in interesting proposals suc | h as superstring theory and loop quantum gravity, there is still no clear sign of the theory of quantum gravity \cite{Giulini,Rovelli,Kiefer}. However, when the back-action of matter on the gravitation field is neglected, one can write down a theory of quantum fields in a background curved spacetime by extending quantu... |
{'timestamp': '2016-07-20T02:12:58', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04772', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04772'} | arxiv | \part{Background}
\bigskip
\addcontentsline{toc}{section}{1. Preliminaries}
\textbf{\S 1. Preliminaries}
\stepcounter{section}
\bigskip
The prerequisites for reading this paper are a
background | of one year of graduate level study in set theory,
a working knowledge of forcing, and some basic familiarity with
proper forcing and generalized stationarity.
For a regular uncountable cardinal $\lambda$
and a set $X$ with $\lambda \subseteq X$, we let
$P_\lambda(X)$ denote the set $\{ a \subseteq X : |a| < \lam... |
{'timestamp': '2016-07-18T02:09:37', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04618', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04618'} | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The concept of synchronistion is based on the adjustment of rhythms of
oscillating systems due to their interaction \cite{pikovsky01}.
Synchronisation phenomenon was recog | nised by Huygens in the 17th century, time
when he performed experiments to understand this phenomenon \cite{bennett02}.
To date, several kinds of synchronisation among coupled systems were reported,
such as complete \cite{li16}, phase \cite{pereira07,batista10}, lag
\cite{huang14}, and collective almost synchronis... |
{'timestamp': '2016-07-19T02:00:49', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04669', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04669'} | arxiv |
\subsection{Power}
\noindent PMTs that meet the required specifications in terms of pulse rise time, dark current and counting rates, and quantum efficiency require applied high voltages (HV) between | $1-2.5$~kV and have maximum current ratings of $0.2-0.5$~mA. For the detector design using 12 read-out channels per module, the HV power supply (HVPS) must provide approximately 10~mA per module. In order to minimize costs, we aim to use one HV power supply to power 10 modules (120 channels), and thus we require a HVP... |
{'timestamp': '2017-08-04T02:06:06', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04529', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04529'} | arxiv | \section{Introduction
Throughout this paper, let $R$ denote a commutative Noetherian ring with identity and ${\mathfrak a}$ a proper ideal of $R$. For any non-zero $R$-module $M$, the ith local cohom | ology module of $M$ is defined as
$$H^{i}_{{\mathfrak a}}(M):=\lim_{\underset{n\geq 1}{\longrightarrow}} \operatorname{Ext}^{i}_{R}(R/{{\mathfrak a}^n},M).$$
$\operatorname{V}({\mathfrak a})$ denotes the set of all prime ideals of $R$ containing ${\mathfrak a}$. For an $R$-module $M$, the {\it cohomological dimension}... |
{'timestamp': '2017-01-19T02:06:50', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04549', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04549'} | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
To write high-quality program code for a Multi-Processor System-on-Chip (MPSoC), software developers must fully understand how their code will be executed on-chip.
Debugging and | tracing tools can help developers to gain this understanding.
They are a keyhole through which developers can peek and observe the software execution.
Today, and even more in the future, this keyhole narrows as MPSoCs integrate more functionalities, while at the same time the amount of software increases dramatically.... |
{'timestamp': '2016-07-19T02:05:12', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04784', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04784'} | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
The Type~Ia supernova (SN~Ia) SN~2011fe was discovered on 2011 August 24, just 11~hr after explosion \citep{nugent11}.
It is among the nearest ($\sim 6.9$~Mpc | ) and youngest ($\sim 11$~hr) SNe~Ia ever discovered.
Extensive spectroscopic and photometric studies of SN~2011fe indicate that it is ``normal'' in nearly every sense: in luminosity, spectral and color evolution, abundance patterns, etc. \citep{parrent12,richmond12,roepke12,vinko12,munari13,pereira13}.
Its unremarkabl... |
{'timestamp': '2016-11-07T02:07:19', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04640', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04640'} | arxiv |
\section{High-field instability from spin-wave theory}
In the asymptotic high-field limit all spins are aligned along the field axis. Magnon excitations are suppressed by a large energy gap. By lowe | ring the field strength the magnon gap decreases and eventually vanishes at some critical field strength $h_{\mathrm{c}0}$. Below $h_{\mathrm{c}0}$ the high-field state becomes unstable, indicating a transition towards one of the various intermediate-field phases. (This is true as long as the continuous transition is n... |
{'timestamp': '2018-04-04T02:05:58', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04642', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04642'} | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The black hole information puzzle is the puzzle of whether black hole formation and evaporation is unitary, and debate on this issue has continued for more than 36 years \cite{ | Page:1993up, Giddings:2006sj, Mathur:2008wi}, since Hawking radiation was discovered \cite{Hawking:1974sw}. Hawking originally used local quantum field theory in the semiclassical spacetime background of an evaporating black hole to deduce \cite{Hawking:1976ra} that part of the information about the initial quantum sta... |
{'timestamp': '2016-09-14T02:07:22', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04733', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04733'} | arxiv | \section{Results}
The actuation concept consists of two elements. First, the conversion of rotation into time-reversible translation is achieved by each particle separately, hence, a single-particle | problem. Second, the breaking of the time reversibility arises from the interaction between the particles in a cluster. In the following, these two elements are demonstrated qualitatively with a combination of analytic and numerical calculations using sd-particles. Afterwards, the investigations are used to explain o... |
{'timestamp': '2016-07-19T02:03:17', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04716', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04716'} | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Currents of spin angular momentum play a central role in the field
of spintronics. Significant contributions have been made by spin currents,
such as control of magnetizations | by spin transfer torque,\citep{PhysRevLett.84.3149,demidov2011control,berger1996emission,ralph2008spin}
transmission of electric signals through insulators,\citep{kajiwara2010transmission,cornelissen2015long,:/content/aip/journal/apl/107/17/10.1063/1.4935074}
thermoelectric conversion,\citep{uchida2008observation,uchid... |
{'timestamp': '2016-07-19T02:05:25', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04797', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04797'} | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{introduction}
\setcounter{equation}{0} \numberwithin{equation}{section}
In the present paper, we consider the equation
\begin{equation}\label{1.1}
-y''(x)+q(x)y( | x )=f(x),\quad x\in \mathbb R
\end{equation}
where $f\in L_p^{\loc}(\mathbb R)$, $p\in[1,\infty)$ and
\begin{equation}\label{1.2}
0\le q \in L_1^{\loc}(\mathbb R).
\end{equation}
Our general goal is to determine a space frame within which equation \eqref{1.1} always has a unique stable solution. To state the p... |
{'timestamp': '2016-07-18T02:08:18', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04566', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04566'} | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Spectral embedding methods are based on analyzing Markov chains on a high-dimensional data set $\left\{x_i\right\}_{i=1}^{n} \subset \mathbb{R}^d$. There are a variety of differ | ent methods, see e.g. Belkin \& Niyogi \cite{belk}, Coifman \& Lafon \cite{coif1}, Coifman \& Maggioni \cite{coif2}, Donoho \& Grimes \cite{donoho},
Roweis \& Saul \cite{rs}, Tenenbaum, de Silva \& Langford \cite{ten}, and Sahai, Speranzon \& Banaszuk \cite{sahai}. A canonical choice for the weights of the graph is
de... |
{'timestamp': '2016-12-20T02:08:35', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04825', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04825'} | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sintro}
\section{Background: CUR and low-rank approximation}\label{sbcgr}
{\em Low-rank approximation} of an $m\times n$ matrix $W$
having a small numerical rank $r$, | that is, having
a well-conditioned rank-$r$ matrix nearby,
is one of the most fundamental problems of
numerical linear algebra \cite{HMT11}
with a variety of
applications to highly important
areas of modern computing, which range from the machine
learning theory and neural networks \cite{DZBLCF14}, \cite{JVZ1... |
{'timestamp': '2016-07-19T02:01:05', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04670', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04670'} | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
NGC 4660 is an E5 elliptical galaxy with a strong incrusted disk component, and has frequently been used as a `classic' example of this type of galaxy. As such it has appeared f | requently in the literature. It is located in the Virgo cluster, and has been identified as a member of the nearest compact group satisfying the Hickson criterion \citep{mam89}, along with other Virgo galaxies like M59 and M60, but \citet{mam08} concluded from surface brightness fluctuation measurements that M59 and NG... |
{'timestamp': '2016-11-09T02:08:35', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04762', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04762'} | arxiv | \section*{Supplemental Material}
In this Supplemental Material, we provide more numerical data for the ground-state entanglement entropy and entanglement spectrum.
\subsection*{Ground-state entangle | ment entropy}
In the main text, we have discussed the ground-state entanglement entropy $S(\overline{\rho})$ obtained by averaging the density matrices of the three ground states, i.e., $\overline{\rho}=\frac{1}{3}\sum_{i=1}^3|\Psi_i\rangle\langle\Psi_i|$. Now we compute the corresponding result $S(|\Psi_i\rangle)$ an... |
{'timestamp': '2016-07-18T02:07:53', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04547', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04547'} | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The shallow water equations (Saint-Venant \cite{Saint-Venant1871}) are a common $(d - 1)$ approximation to the $d$--dimensional Navier-Stokes equations to model incompressible, | free surface flows.
Due to the ability of high-order Galerkin methods to keep dissipation and dispersion errors low (Ainsworth et al.\ \cite{ainsworthEtAl2006})
and their flexibility with arbitrary geometries and {\it hp}-adaptivity,
these methods are
proving their mettle for solving the shallow water equations (SW) ... |
{'timestamp': '2017-01-23T02:06:06', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04718', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04718'} | arxiv | \section{Introduction and Summary of Results}
The problem of admissible functional-classes has been of recent interest in the context of higher-spin (HS) theories \cite{Vasiliev:1990en}. In particula | r, in \cite{Kessel:2015kna,Boulanger:2015ova} the quadratic interaction term sourcing Fronsdal's equations was extracted from Vasiliev's equations obtaining an expression of the schematic form:\footnote{Notice that in the following we use the schematic notation $\Box^l\sim \dots\nabla_{\mu(l)}\phi\ldots\nabla^{\mu(l)}\... |
{'timestamp': '2016-10-04T02:07:07', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04853', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04853'} | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\blfootnote{
%
%
%
%
\hspace{-0.65cm}
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons
Attr | ibution 4.0 International License.
License details:
\url{http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/}
}
Argumentation mining is a relatively new challenge in corpus-based discourse analysis that involves automatically identifying argumentative structures within a corpus. Many tasks in argumentation mining~\c... |
{'timestamp': '2016-07-19T02:05:10', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04781', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04781'} | arxiv | \section{Menger co-analytic groups}
We shall assume all spaces are completely regular.
\begin{defn}
A topological space is \textbf{analytic} if it is a continuous image of $\mathbb{P}$, the space o | f irrationals. A space is \textbf{Lusin} if it is an injective continuous image of $\mathbb{P}$. (This is the terminology of \cite{RJ}. This term is currently used for a different concept.) A space is \textbf{$K$-analytic} if it is a continuous image of a Lindel\"of \v{C}ech-complete space. A space is \textbf{$K$-Lusin... |
{'timestamp': '2016-07-19T02:08:45', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04914', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04914'} | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
There are many open questions regarding the strength and geometry of the magnetic field in radio galaxies and their relation to other properties of the radio source. The observe | d degree of polarization depends on the intrinsic properties, such as the regularity and orientation of the source magnetic fields as well as the Faraday effects from the intervening regions of ionized gas along the line of sight. The largest current sample of polarized sources is the NRAO/VLA all sky survey, NVSS, at ... |
{'timestamp': '2018-01-09T02:13:26', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04787', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04787'} | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro}
The constraint satisfaction problem (CSP) provides a framework in which it
is possible to express, in a natural way, many combinatorial problems
en | countered in computer science and
AI~\cite{Cohen06:handbook,Creignou01:book,Feder98:monotone}. An instance of
the CSP consists of a set of variables, a domain of values, and a set of
constraints on combinations of values that can be taken by certain subsets
of variables. The basic aim is then to find an assig... |
{'timestamp': '2016-09-29T02:02:31', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04649', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04649'} | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:Introduction}
Topological insulators (TIs) form a class of materials with unique properties, associated with a non-trivial
topology of their quasiparticle band stru | cture (for a review, see
Refs.~\cite{Zhang:rev, Hasan-Kane:rev, Hasan-Moore:rev, Ando:rev}).
The key feature of two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) TIs is the
existence of special gapless edge and surface states, respectively, while the bulk states of those materials
are gapped. The hallmark property of the... |
{'timestamp': '2016-07-18T02:08:57', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04595', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04595'} | arxiv | \section{Gibbs' Canonical Ensemble}
From Gibbs' 1902 text {\it Elementary Principles in Statistical Mechanics}, page 183 :
\begin{quotation}
``If a system of a great number of degrees of freedom is mi | crocanonically distributed
in phase, any very small part of it may be regarded as canonically distributed.''
\end{quotation}
Thus J. Willard Gibbs pointed out that the energy states of a ``small'' system weakly
coupled to a larger ``heat reservoir'' with a temperature $T$ have a ``canonical''
distribution :
$$
f(q,p) \... |
{'timestamp': '2016-07-19T02:09:10', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04922', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04922'} | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In recent decades acoustic techniques in solid state physics demonstrate serious progress, especially by moving to previously unattainable high-frequency band, up to a terahe | rtz frequencies \cite{ps-ultrasonics}.
Considerable efforts in this direction, called often picosecond ultrasonics, are stimulated by the short-wavelength character of acoustic
waves in this band, and, in some cases, efficient coupling of acoustic strain to electronic, optical, magnetic
excitations in solid state.... |
{'timestamp': '2016-10-24T02:06:33', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04891', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04891'} | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Atmospheric metals are not expected to be
present in isolated white dwarfs (WDs) with effective temperatures
below $\sim25,000$ K. At these temperatures, r | adiative forces become too weak
\citep{chayer95} to significantly counteract the quick gravitational settling that
sinks material heavier than helium in extremely short timescales
compared to the typical cooling ages of WDs \citep{FM79,K09}.
However, it has been found that $\sim25\%-50\%$ of all field
WDs exhibit sp... |
{'timestamp': '2017-04-28T02:03:47', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04915', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04915'} | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In his book ``Proximal Flows''~\cite[Section~\RNum{2}.3, p.\ 19]{glasner1976proximal} Glasner
defines the notion of a {\em strongly amenable group}: A group is
strongly amenable | if each of its proximal actions on a compact
space has a fixed point. A continuous action $G \curvearrowright X$ of a
topological group on a compact Hausdorff space is proximal if for
every $x, y \in X$ there exists a net $\{g_n\}$ of elements of $G$
such that $\lim_n g_n x = \lim_n g_n y$.
Glasner shows that virtua... |
{'timestamp': '2016-07-18T02:07:24', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04518', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04518'} | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:1}
The influence of social groups in pedestrian dynamics, especially in
evacuation scenarios, is an area of recent interest, see e.g.
\cite{mueller2,mueller} and othe | r contributions in these proceedings.
The situations that are considered are widespread and well-known in
everyday life. For example, many people visit concerts or soccer
matches not alone, but together with family and friends in so-called
social groups. In case of emergency, these groups will try to stay
together duri... |
{'timestamp': '2016-07-18T02:09:29', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04614', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04614'} | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Policy search algorithms based on supervised learning from a computational or human ``teacher'' have gained prominence in recent years due to their ability t | o optimize complex policies for autonomous flight \cite{rmswd-lmruc-13}, video game playing \cite{rgb-rilsp-11,gsllw-amcts-14}, and bipedal locomotion \cite{mlapt-icdcc-15}. Among these methods, guided policy search algorithms \cite{levine2015end} are particularly appealing due to their ability to adapt the teacher to ... |
{'timestamp': '2016-07-18T02:07:32', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04522', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04522'} | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Spatio--temporal models are widely used by practitioners. Explaining economic, environmental, social, or biological phenomena, such as peer influence, neighbourhood effects, con | tagion, epidemics, interdependent preferences, climate change, and so on, are only some of the interesting applications of such models. A widely used spatio--temporal model is the spatial dynamic panel data model (SDPD) proposed and analysed by \cite{LeeYu10a}. See \cite{LeeYu10b} for a survey. To improve adaptivity of... |
{'timestamp': '2016-07-19T02:00:30', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04654', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04654'} | arxiv | \section*{Abstract}{\small
Here is considered the full evolution of a spherical supernova remnant.
We start by calculating the early time ejecta-dominated stage and
continue through the different ph | ases of interaction with the circumstellar
medium, and end with the dissipation and merger phase.
The physical connection between the phases reveals new results.
One is that the blast wave radius during the adiabatic phase is significantly
smaller than it would be, if one does not account for the blast wave
interact... |
{'timestamp': '2016-07-19T02:09:39', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04933', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04933'} | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The purpose of this paper is to provide a convenient operadic framework for the cumulants of free probability theory.
In~\cite{DrummondColeParkTerilla:HPTI,DrummondColeParkTer | illa:HPTII}, the author and his collaborators described an operadic framework for so-called Boolean and classical cumulants. In those papers, the fundamental object of study is an algebra $A$ equipped with a linear map $E$, called \emph{expectation}, to some fixed algebra $B$. The expectation is not assumed to be an al... |
{'timestamp': '2016-07-18T02:08:43', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04582', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04582'} | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The Navier-Stokes equations (NSEs) represent a formulation of the Newton's laws of motion for a continuous distribution of matter in a fluid state, characterized by an inabilit | y to support shear stresses, see \cite{Doering-Gibbon}. The NSEs allow to determine the velocity field and the pressure of fluids confined in regions of the space, and they are used to describe many different physics phenomena as weather, water flow in tubes, ocean currents and others. Moreover, these equations are use... |
{'timestamp': '2016-07-18T02:08:01', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04560', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04560'} | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Germanium is widely used as a detector material in experiments searching for a rare process
like the interaction of weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs)~\cite{dmreview} | .
It is possible to build detectors with very good energy resolution
based on the measurement of the ionization produced in the particle interaction,
or of the increase of temperature~\cite{gebolo}.
In addition, the combination of the ionization and heat signals is a powerful tool to distinguish
nuclear recoils from el... |
{'timestamp': '2017-04-25T02:03:51', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04852', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04852'} | arxiv | \section{Introduction.}
Katz \cite[5.3.1]{Katz90ESDE} discovered that the hypergeometric $\sD$-modules on $\bA^1_{\bC}\setminus\{0\}$
can be described as the multiplicative convolution of hypergeomet | ric $\sD$-modules of rank one.
Precisely speaking, Katz proved the statement (ii) in the following theorem (the statement (i) is trivial
but put to compare with another theorem later).
\begin{cvthm}
Let $\balpha=(\alpha_1,\dots,\alpha_m)$ and $\bbeta=(\beta_1,\dots,\beta_n)$ be two sequences of complex numbers
and ass... |
{'timestamp': '2016-08-02T02:11:05', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04829', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04829'} | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Many problems, particularly in combinatorics, reduce to asking whether
some graph with a given property exists, or alternatively, asking how
many such non-isomorphic graphs | exist. Such graph search and graph
enumeration problems are notoriously difficult, in no small part due
to the extremely large number of symmetries in graphs. In practical
problem solving, it is often advantageous to eliminate these
symmetries which arise naturally due to graph isomorphism: typically,
if a graph... |
{'timestamp': '2016-07-19T02:06:46', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04839', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04839'} | arxiv | \section{\label{intro}Introduction}
The ``instanton calculus'' is a common approach for studying the
non-perturbative semiclassical effects in gauge
theories and sigma models.
One of the first an | d perhaps the best known illustration of this approach
is
the $O(3)$ Non-Linear Sigma Model (NLSM) in two dimensions, where
multi-instanton configurations
admit a simple analytic form \cite{Polyakov:1975yp}.
It is less known that the $O(3)$ NLSM provides an
opportunity to explore a mechanism of exact summation
of th... |
{'timestamp': '2016-07-20T02:10:11', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04693', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04693'} | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The motivation for this note was the observation that the basic recursion relation for the modified Bessel function $K$[1],
$$K_0(z)+\left(\frac{2}{z}\right)K_1(z)=K_2(z)$$
c | an be expressed as the symmetry with respect to $m=0$ and $n=1$ of the sum
$$\sum_{k=0}^n K_{k-m-1}(z)\left(\frac{z}{2}\right)^{k+m}.\eqno(1)$$
The attempt to generalize this to arbitrary $m$ and $n$ led to our principal result\vskip .1in
\noindent
{\bf Theorem 1}\vskip .1in
For positive integers $m$ and $n$ the expr... |
{'timestamp': '2018-04-06T02:09:14', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04585', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04585'} | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
For decades, the microscopic process which causes a linear-in-temperature term in the electrical resistivity of pure ferromagnetic metals (Fe, Co and Ni) at low temperatures---w | hich is clearly observed around liquid-helium temperatures \cite{Campbell,Volkenshtein}---has remained unclear. In this temperature region, the $T^2$ dependence of the electrical resistivity characteristic of the transition metals at low temperatures, due to the $s$-$d$ exchange interaction \cite{Kasuya2,Goodings,Manna... |
{'timestamp': '2018-02-21T02:08:14', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04913', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04913'} | arxiv | \section{Handling batch insertions}
In this section, we study the dynamic DFS tree problem in the batch insertion setting.
The goal of this section is to prove Theorem \ref{batch-ins} | .
Our algorithm basically follows the same framework for fully dynamic DFS proposed in \cite{baswana2016dynamic}.
Since we are only interested in the dynamic DFS tree problem in the batch insertion setting, the algorithms \textsf{BatchInsert} and \textsf{DFS} presented below is a moderate simplification... |
{'timestamp': '2016-07-25T02:01:40', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04568', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04568'} | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{section:Introduction}
Since 2012, the focus of Galactic center (GC) observations has been set on investigating an infrared (IR) excess source detected by \cite{Gillessen | 2012} as a fast-moving object approaching the position of the central supermassive black hole (SMBH) of the Milky Way, Sagittarius A* (Sgr~A*). It has been interpreted as a combination of dust and core-less gas cloud called G2 \citep{Gillessen2012, Gillessen2013a, Pfuhl2015} and also DSO, standing for Dusty S-cluster O... |
{'timestamp': '2016-07-18T02:08:35', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04577', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04577'} | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
A concordance of observations support a universe whose energy budget is dominated by the unknown elements of dark energy (DE) and dark matter (DM), while baryonic matter occ | upies only around 5\% of the total energy \cite{concord1,concord2,wmap9,planck2013,planck2015}. Focusing on DM, all concrete evidence for its existence is solely based upon its gravitational interactions, prompting some to hypothesize alternative explanations to DM, like modified gravitational interactions (e.g., Ref~... |
{'timestamp': '2017-03-28T02:08:43', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04563', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04563'} | arxiv | \section*{References}}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{amsmath}
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\usep | ackage{fullpage}
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\usepackage{algpseudocode}
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\newcommand*\patchAmsMathEnvironmentForLineno[1]{%
\expandafter\let\csname old#1\expandafter\endcsname\csname #1\... |
{'timestamp': '2016-07-19T02:09:45', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04939', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04939'} | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Optical remote sensing has made significant advances in recent years. Among these has been the deployment and wide-spread use of hyperspectral imagery on a variety of platforms | (including manned and unmanned aircraft and satellites) for a wide variety of applications, ranging from environmental monitoring, ecological forecasting, disaster relief to applications pertaining to national security. With rapid advancements in sensor technology, and the resulting reduction of size, weight and power ... |
{'timestamp': '2018-01-15T02:09:57', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04532', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04532'} | arxiv | \section*{\refname}%
\@mkboth{\MakeUppercase\refname}{\MakeUppercase\refname}%
\list{\@biblabel{\@arabic\c@enumiv}}%
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... |
{'timestamp': '2016-07-19T02:02:20', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04689', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04689'} | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro}
A useful representation of the occupied states in a periodic insulator is the Wannier function. Wannier functions (WFs) provide a localized real-space descript | ion of the extended Bloch states.~\cite{MLWFs-Review} In particular, WFs give a chemical picture of the bonding nature of a material, an alternative real-space formalism for many quantities, and can also be used for interpolating various physical properties on a fine mesh in the Brillouin zone~\cite{PhysRevB.74.195118,... |
{'timestamp': '2017-03-13T01:01:46', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04637', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04637'} | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:introduction}
Inference of the underlying point sources in photon count maps is a recurring problem in astronomy. Potential challenges include poorly known backgroun | ds, detector noise, shot noise from faint or modeling degeneracies from overlapping point sources. The resulting symptom is that of flux incompleteness, where the faintest sources are not resolved, but instead absorbed into the diffuse background prediction. Hence the flux distribution of an incomplete catalog exhibits... |
{'timestamp': '2016-07-18T02:07:47', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04540', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04540'} | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
A basic problem in Riemannian geometry is that of describing curvatures on a given manifold.
Suppose that $(\Sigma,g)$ is a 2-dimensional compact Riemannian manifold without | boundary, and $K$ is the
Gaussian curvature on it. Let $\widetilde{g}=e^{2u}g$ be a metric conformal to $g$, where
$u\in C^\infty(\Sigma)$. To find a smooth function $\widetilde{K}$ as the Gaussian curvature of
$(\Sigma, \widetilde{g})$, one is led to solving the nonlinear elliptic equation
\be\label{K-Z}\Delta_g ... |
{'timestamp': '2016-07-19T02:08:09', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04897', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04897'} | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
It is well known that a gas composed of bosonic atoms with repulsive interparticle interaction at appropriate values of density and temperature undergoes Bose-Einstein condensat | ion (BEC), a phase transition which shares similarities to transitions to superfluid and superconductive states. Since the first experimental demonstration of BEC \cite{Anderson-science269,Davis-prl75,Bradley-prl75}, efforts have directed toward in investigating the thermodynamic properties of such a macroscopic quantu... |
{'timestamp': '2016-09-14T02:06:27', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04753', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04753'} | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Cell-Free massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) refers to a
massive MIMO system \cite{MarzettaNonCooperative} where
the base station antennas are geographically distrib | uted
\cite{NgoCF,MarzettaCF,Truong}. These antennas, called access points (APs)
herein, simultaneously serve many users in the same frequency
band. The distinction between cell-free massive MIMO and conventional
distributed MIMO \cite{ZhouWCS} is the number of antennas involved in
coherently serving a given user. In ... |
{'timestamp': '2016-10-27T02:06:29', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04900', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04900'} | arxiv | \section*{Introduction}
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are promising nanomaterials, which have been extensively studied by many researchers \cite{cnt1,cnt2,cnt3,cnt4,cnt5,cnt6,cnt7,cnt8,cnt9,cnt10,25,27,28 | ,23,16}.
Due to different combinations of structural variation, CNTs can exhibit a wide range of electronic and optical properties, which can be of great use in the design of novel techniques \cite{25}.
CNTs are also polyfunctional macromolecules, where specific reactions can occur at various sites with different eff... |
{'timestamp': '2016-08-19T02:07:10', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04898', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04898'} | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{intr}
The frameworks of nonstationary nonperiodic and periodic wavelets are introduced and studied separately.
The notion of nonstationary wavelet system is introdu | ced independently by M.~Z.~Berkolayko, I.~Y.~Novikov \cite{BN} and by C.~de Boor, R.~DeVore, A.~Ron \cite{BDR}. In \cite{BN}, the nonstationary system (called almost-wavelets) is used to construct
an orthonormal shift invariant basis consisting of infinitely differentiable compactly supported functions. It is well ... |
{'timestamp': '2016-07-19T02:04:53', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04764', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04764'} | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In this paper we consider the problem of finding the number of representations of the following quadratic forms in eight variables given by
\begin{equation}\label{quad1}
a_1x_1 | ^2 + a_2 x_2^2 + a_3 x_3^2 + a_4 x_4^2 + b_1(x_5^2+x_5x_6 + x_6^2) + b_2(x_7^2+x_7x_8 + x_8^2),
\end{equation}
where the coefficients $a_i \in \{1,2,3\}$, $1\le i\le 4$ and $b_1,b_2\in \{1,2,4\}$.
Without loss of generality we can assume that $a_1\le a_2\le a_3\le a_4$ and $b_1\le b_2$.
In \cite{a-a-l-w}, A. Alaca et... |
{'timestamp': '2016-12-30T02:01:59', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04917', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04917'} | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Artificial neural networks are currently considered the state of the
art in applications ranging from image classification, to speech recognition
and even machine translati | on. However, little is understood about
the process by which they are trained for supervised learning tasks.
The problem of optimizing their parameters is an active area both
practical and theoretical research. Despite considerable sensitivity
to initialization and choice of hyperparameters, neural networks often
... |
{'timestamp': '2016-07-19T02:08:05', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04895', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04895'} | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\subsection{Background and Importance}
The minor planets orbiting beyond Neptune provide valuable insight on our solar system's
formation and evolution, but they have only bee | n studied since 1992 when the first
Trans-Neptunian Object (TNO) after Pluto was discovered \citep{Luu1993}. Almost a quarter
century later, $\sim2000$ TNOs and Centaurs are known (see Figure \ref{real}) and they are
revealing their properties slowly because of the difficulties involved with detecting the
faint, slow-... |
{'timestamp': '2016-07-19T02:05:08', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04779', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04779'} | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
The extraction of the transport properties of the strongly interacting medium
created in heavy ion collision (HIC) experiments is currently a very active top | ic
of research in the HIC community. The methods of relativistic hydrodynamics with
minimal viscous correction have been quite successful in describing the time evolution
of the hot and dense fireball created in the HIC experiments. These kind of investigations have
also concluded that the shear viscosity ($\eta$) ... |
{'timestamp': '2016-10-18T02:03:51', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04845', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04845'} | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Observations have established the presence of magnetic field of various magnitudes and on
various spatial scales in our universe. Galaxies such as Milky Wave contain regula | r
magnetic fields of the order of $\mu$G, while coherent fields of the order of $100~\mu$G
are detected in distant galaxies \cite{Bernet:2008qp, Wolfe:2008nk}. There is a strong
evidence for the presence of magnetic field in intergalactic medium, including voids
\cite{Tavecchio:2010mk, Ando:2010rb, Neronov:1900zz, ... |
{'timestamp': '2017-08-08T02:06:53', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04757', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04757'} | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{s1}
In this paper, we consider distributed optimization problems where the goal is to minimize a sum of objective functions over a multi-agent network. Formally, we consid | er a decision variable,~$\mb{z}\in\mbb{R}^p$, and a strongly-connected network containing~$n$ agents, where each agent,~$i$, only has access to a local objective function,~$f_i:\mbb{R}^p\rightarrow\mbb{R}$. The goal is to have each agent minimize the sum of objectives,~$\sum_{i=1}^nf_i(\mb{z})$, via information exchan... |
{'timestamp': '2016-07-19T02:03:30', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04721', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04721'} | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{intro}
Suitable models for the theory of computation and approximation are certain (quasi-)ordered sets,
whose elements represent states of computation, knowledge or in | formation,
while the order abstractly describes refinement, improvement or temporal sequence.
Let us briefly record the relevant order-theoretical terminology.
A {\em quasi-ordered set} or {\em qoset} is a pair $Q = (X,\leq)$
with a reflexive and transitive relation $\leq$ on $X$. The dual order is denoted by $\ge... |
{'timestamp': '2017-04-11T02:14:48', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04638', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04638'} | arxiv | \section{I. \ Objective function used to correct the ZZ-error channel}
Thanks to the isomorphism between SU(2) generators, $\sigma_X,\sigma_Y, \sigma_Z$, and the subgroup of SU(4) generators, $\sigma | _{ZZ},\sigma_{ZX},\sigma_{IY}$, the right hand side of Eq. (11) can be expressed in a more tractable way as
\begin{equation}\label{eq:appendix_1}
\left(\prod_{j=4}^{1}\exp\left[i\frac{\psi_j}{2} \sigma_{Z}\right]\left[U\right]^{n_j}\exp\left[-i\frac{\psi_j}{2} \sigma_{Z}\right]\right)U,
\end{equation}
where $U=\exp\lef... |
{'timestamp': '2016-07-19T02:09:39', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04932', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04932'} | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The combinatorial structure treated in this paper is a $2 \rightarrow 1$ directed hypergraph defined as follows.
\begin{definition}
A \emph{$2 \rightarrow 1$ directed hypergra | ph} is a pair $H = (V,E)$ where $V$ is a finite set of \emph{vertices} and the set of \emph{edges} $E$ is some subset of the set of all pointed $3$-subsets of $V$. That is, each edge is three distinct elements of $V$ with one marked as special. This special vertex can be thought of as the \emph{head} vertex of the edge... |
{'timestamp': '2016-07-20T02:08:42', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04872', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04872'} | arxiv | \section{Introduction and Motivations}\label{sec:intro}
The aim of the paper is to study a new notion of two-scale
convergence\footnote{A deep bibliographic research, shows that the idea here
present | ed is suggested in an paper (of the late seventies and so well before
the introduction of the notion of two-scale convergence) by
{\tmname{Papanicolau}} and {\tmname{Varadhan}} {\cite{papanicolaou97boundary}}
in the context of stochastic homogenization.} which is very natural and, in
our opinion, gives a more straightf... |
{'timestamp': '2016-07-20T02:11:53', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04902', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04902'} | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The study of hereditary properties of combinatorial structures is an important topic within the field of extremal combinatorics. Out of the many results in this line of resea | rch has emerged an pattern for how to prove approximate asymptotic enumeration and structure results. The aim of this paper is to provide a general framework in which to view these results and to formalize this pattern of proof.
\subsection{Background}
A nonempty class of graphs $\mathcal{P}$ is called a \emph{hered... |
{'timestamp': '2016-07-18T02:07:36', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04526', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04526'} | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Let $(\Omega,{\cal F},\mathbb{F},\mathbb{P})$ be a complete filtered probability space on which a standard one-dimensional
Brownian motion $\{W(t),t\ges0\}$ is defined such tha | t $\mathbb{F}=\{{\cal F}_t\}_{t\ges0}$ is the natural
filtration of $W(\cdot)$ augmented by all the $\mathbb{P}$-null sets in ${\cal F}$.
Consider the following controlled linear (forward) stochastic differential equation (FSDE, for short)
on $[t,T]$:
\begin{equation}\label{state}\left\{\negthinspace \negthinspace \beg... |
{'timestamp': '2016-07-19T02:06:58', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04847', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04847'} | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:introduction}
Let $G$ be a simple graph without isolated vertices.
If the edge set of a simple graph $K$ can be partitioned into edge sets
of graphs each isomorph | ic to $G$, we say that there exists a {\em decomposition} of $K$ into $G$.
In the case where $K$ is the complete graph $K_n$ we refer to the decomposition as a
$G$ {\em design} of order $n$. The {\em spectrum} of $G$ is the set of positive integers $n$ for
which there exists a $G$ design of order $n$.
We refer the ... |
{'timestamp': '2016-07-18T02:09:39', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04619', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04619'} | arxiv | \section{Simple bounds for the needed embedding constants}
\def\Alph{section}{\Alph{section}}
The following theorem provides the best constant in the classical Sobolev inequality with critical exponen | ts.
\begin{theo}[T.~Aubin \cite{aubin1976} and G.~Talenti \cite{talenti1976}]\label{talentitheo}
Let $u$ be any function in $W^{1,q}\left(\mathbb{R}^{n}\right)\ (n\geq 2)$, where $q$ is any real number such that $1<q<n$.
Moreover, set $p=nq/\left(n-q\right)$.
Then, $u \in L^{p}\left(\mathbb{R}^{n}\right)$ and
\begin{al... |
{'timestamp': '2016-07-21T02:01:17', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04909', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04909'} | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:introduction}
Bioinformaticians define the $k$th-order de Bruijn graph for a string or set of strings to be the directed graph whose nodes are the distinct $k$-tuples | in those strings and in which there is an edge from $u$ to $v$ if there is a \((k + 1)\)-tuple somewhere in those strings whose prefix of length $k$ is $u$ and whose suffix of length $k$ is $v$.\footnote{An alternative definition, which our data structure can be made to handle but which we do not consider in this pape... |
{'timestamp': '2016-07-19T02:05:08', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04778', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04778'} | arxiv | \subsection*{Acknowledgements}
A large number of people have supplied advice and encouragement on
this project over a period of many years. The undergraduates from my Introductory
VIGRE Research Grou | p held in Fall 2010 at the University of Georgia
and my student Darcy Chanin performed many calculations for
genus 4, 5, and 6 surfaces. I am grateful to the computational algebra
group at the University of Sydney, especially John Cannon and Mark Watkins,
for hosting me for a visit in June 2011 where I began prog... |
{'timestamp': '2017-11-07T02:05:04', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04710', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04710'} | arxiv |
\section{Preliminaries and Problem Formulation} \label{sec:prelims} \label{sec2}
\paragraph{Bipartite Graphs}
A \textbf{bipartite graph} $G=(\mathcal{M},\mathcal{B},E)$ is a graph such that | the vertices $\mathcal{M}\cup \mathcal{B}$ can be divided into two disjoint subsets, $\mathcal{M}$ and $\mathcal{B}$, and there are no edges connecting vertices in the same subset, $E\subseteq \mathcal{M}\times \mathcal{B}$. Such a graph is \textbf{balanced} if $|\mathcal{M}| = |\mathcal{B}|$, i.e., if the two subse... |
{'timestamp': '2016-08-04T02:08:36', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04639', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04639'} | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{section1}
The majority of stars are born in large clusters, and so, these sites are key to understanding the stellar contents of galaxies. Until recently the Milky Way was | believed to be devoid of large young clusters. The realisation that our Galaxy harbours many young clusters with masses (M\,$>$\,10$^3$\,M$_{\odot}$) like Westerlund~1 (Wd~1), Arches, Quintuplet, RSG~1, RSG~3, Stephenson~2, Mercer~81, NGC3603, h+$\chi$ Persei, Trumpler~14, Cygnus~OB2, [DBS2003] and VdBH~222 \citep[see... |
{'timestamp': '2016-07-19T02:05:24', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04796', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04796'} | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sc_intro}
In this paper we discuss the application of a skewed-$t$ model suitable to capture skewness and kurtosis commonly present in insurance risks data. In particular, | we introduce a Bayesian approach based on minimal informative prior distributions \citep{Villa:Walker:2014b} to estimate the parameters of the asymmetric Student-$t$ distribution (AST) introduced in \cite{Fernandez:Steel:1998} and re-proposed in \cite{Zhu:Galb:2010}.
Insurance risks data, for example insurance losses... |
{'timestamp': '2017-01-17T02:12:13', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04539', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04539'} | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{introduction}
For future fusion devices such as ITER, operating at least in a partially detached state is important for reducing the heat flux incident on the divertor t | o below engineering limits (10 $\text{MW/m}^2$) \cite{LOARTE2007NF}. Modelling for ITER demonstrates reduction of the peak heat flux near the separatrix by factors of up to 100 due to a number of atomic physics processes including line radiation, charge exchange and recombination \cite{KUKUSHKIN2013JNM}. To address the... |
{'timestamp': '2016-07-19T02:04:49', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04758', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04758'} | arxiv | \section{Introduction: classical configuration theorems} \label{intro}
Projective configuration theorems are among the oldest and best known mathematical results. The next figures depict the famous t | heorems of Pappus, Desargues, Pascal, Brianchon, and Poncelet.
\begin{figure}[hbtp]
\centering
\includegraphics[height=1.7in]{Pappusfig}
\caption{The Pappus theorem: if $A_1,A_2,A_3$ and $B_1,B_2,B_3$ are two collinear triples of points, then $C_1,C_2,C_3$ is also a collinear triple.}
\label{Pappusfig}
\end{figure}
\... |
{'timestamp': '2017-05-11T02:05:48', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04725', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04725'} | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec.intro}
Random linear network coding (RNLC) is the process of constructing coded packets, which are random linear combinations of source packets over a finite field \ | cite{Ho06}. If $k$ source packets are considered, decoding at a receiving node starts after $k$ linearly independent coded packets have been collected. The probability of recovering all of the $k$ source packets when at least $k$ coded packets have been received has been derived in \cite{Trullols-Cruces11}. However, th... |
{'timestamp': '2016-08-01T02:10:30', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04859', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04859'} | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{Fsec.1}
In this paper we will study the probability of the hitting time to a moving boundary. To state the main result, we need some notations on a Brownian motion. Let u | s call $P_{r,s}, r\in\mathbb{R}, s\geq 0$, the law on $\displaystyle C([s,\infty))$ of the Brownian motion $B_t$, $t\geq s$, which starts from $r$ at time $s$, i.e. $B_s=r$. For each $t>s$ the law of $B_t$ is absolutely continuous with respect to the Lebesgue measure and has a density $G_{s,t}(r,\cdot)$ which is the Ga... |
{'timestamp': '2017-05-22T02:00:54', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04634', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04634'} | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Representations $\rho:\pi_1(M)\rar G$
of the fundamental group of of a manifold $M$ inside a Lie group $G$
naturally arise as monodromies of $(G,G/H)$-geometric structures | \`a la Ehresmann
\cite{ehresmann:infinitesimales} \cite{ehresmann:locales}
on $M$ (see also \cite{goldman:geometric-structures} and \cite{goldman:locally-homogeneous-manifolds}).
From a differential-geometric point of view, the datum of such a representation
is equivalent to that of a flat principal $G$-bundle o... |
{'timestamp': '2016-07-18T02:07:47', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04541', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04541'} | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Magneto-hydrodynamics (MHD) forms the basis of large-scale
description of physics of dense plasma in compact stars. A key quantity in the
dissipative formulations of MHD is t | he conductivity of matter. It
determines, for example, the dissipation of currents and therefore the
decay of magnetic fields, the dispersion of plasma waves, etc. In
turn, magnetic field decay affects the rotational and thermal
evolutions of neutron stars and consequently a broad array of their
observational manifest... |
{'timestamp': '2016-07-19T02:00:32', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04657', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04657'} | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
A popular version of the third law of thermodynamics is that the entropy density of a physical system tends to zero in the $T \to 0$ limit\cite{mandl}. However, there is a cla | ss of theoretical models that violate this law\cite{fowler33,pauling,nagle66,lieb67,chow87,bramwell01,castelnovo08}:\ models in this class exhibit a ground-state degeneracy which grows exponentially with the system size, leading to a non-zero entropy density even at $T=0$. Nor can these be easily dismissed as theorist... |
{'timestamp': '2017-11-03T01:05:25', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04799', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04799'} | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The calculation of the transport properties of strongly coupled quantum
theories is a challenging puzzle of interest to theorists working on a wide
range of systems including u | ltra-cold Fermi
gases at unitarity~\cite{Adams:2012th,Bulgac:2010dg}, heavy ion
collisions~\cite{Adams:2012th,Bhalerao:2010wf}, and neutron
stars~\cite{Page:2006ud,Alford:2014doa}.
At strong coupling, perturbative expansions fail to give reliable results.
Sophisticated Monte-Carlo techniques which are used to study ... |
{'timestamp': '2016-07-19T02:02:31', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04701', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04701'} | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro}
The precise manipulation of nano and sub-nanoscale physical systems lies at the heart of the ongoing quantum revolution, by which new communication and informa | tion technologies are expected to emerge \cite{bib:natphot2009,bib:nature2010}. In this context, an amazing progress has been made in the study of non-equilibrium dynamics of many-body quantum systems, both theoretically and experimentally \cite{bib:rev_mbody2008,bib:rev_neq2011}. A wide range of different phenomena h... |
{'timestamp': '2016-09-13T02:03:59', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04854', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04854'} | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The coupling of electronic and nuclear motions plays a significant role in many fascinating
scientific phenomena, e.g., photoreactions
\cite{photo1,photo2,photo3}, molecular el | ectronics
\cite{molel1,molel2,molel3},
and strong-field processes
\cite{SFEN1,SFEN2,SFEN3,SFEN4,SFEN5}.
In particular, the study of strong-field processes has been one of the most dynamic research
areas in the past few decades with the advent of femtosecond and attosecond technology
\cite{atto0,atto1,atto2,atto3,atto... |
{'timestamp': '2016-07-18T02:07:44', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04537', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04537'} | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
In robotics motion planning and control, one major challenge is to specify a high level task for a robot without specifying how to solve this task. For legged locomotion such a | task include a goal position to reach or to manipulate an object without specifying gaits, contacts, balancing or other behaviors. Trajectory Optimization recently gained a lot of attention in robotics research since it promises to solve some of these problems. It could potentially solve complex motion planning tasks ... |
{'timestamp': '2016-07-19T02:09:37', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04930', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04930'} | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The combinatorial structure treated in this paper is a $2 \rightarrow 1$ directed hypergraph defined as follows.
\begin{definition}
A \emph{$2 \rightarrow 1$ directed hypergra | ph} is a pair $H = (V,E)$ where $V$ is a finite set of \emph{vertices} and the set of \emph{edges} $E$ is some subset of the set of all pointed $3$-subsets of $V$. That is, each edge is three distinct elements of $V$ with one marked as special. This special vertex can be thought of as the \emph{head} vertex of the edge... |
{'timestamp': '2016-07-18T02:07:36', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04525', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04525'} | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:Intro}
Wireless communication, by its inherent broadcast nature, is vulnerable to eavesdropping by illegitimate receivers within communication range of the source. Wy | ner in \cite{075wyner}, for the first time, information-theoretically addressed the problem of secure communication in the presence of an eavesdropper and showed that secure communication is possible if the eavesdropper channel is a degraded version of the destination channel. The rate at which information can be trans... |
{'timestamp': '2016-07-19T02:05:10', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04782', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04782'} | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The process of particle creation from quantum vacuum because of moving boundaries or time-dependent properties of materials, commonly referred as the dynamical Casimir effect (D | CE)\cite{1,2}, has been investigated since the pioneering works of Moore in 1970 \cite{moor}, who showed that photons would be created in a Fabry-Perot cavity if one of the ends of the cavity walls moved periodically, \cite{rev,rev1}. The dynamical Casimir effect is frequently used nowadays for phenomena connected with... |
{'timestamp': '2017-04-04T02:10:17', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04886', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04886'} | arxiv | \subsection{Logarithmic neural scales}
Receptive fields that are evenly-spaced and of equal width on a
logarithmic scale (Fig.~\ref{fig:FreeSimo}a, top) lead naturally to the
Weber-Fechner perceptual | law.
A logarithmic scale implies several properties of the receptive fields
(Fig.~\ref{fig:FreeSimo}a bottom). A logarithmic scale
implies that there should be fewer
receptive fields centered at high values of $x$, and
receptors coding for higher values of $x$ should have wider receptive fields.
These qualitative... |
{'timestamp': '2016-11-08T02:06:17', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04599', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04599'} | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Relativity theory, quantum theory, and information theory are fundamental
blocks of theoretical physics \cite{peres2004}. The goal of theoretical
physics is to describe and | , to a certain extent, understand natural phenomena.
Unfortunately, complex difficulties arise when one attempts to merge general
relativity theory and quantum theory. For example, in classical mechanics it
is often said that gravity is a purely geometric theory since the mass does
not appear in the usual Newtonian... |
{'timestamp': '2016-08-29T02:04:15', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.04573', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04573'} | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The handwritten signature is a widely accepted means of authentication in government, legal, and commercial transactions. Signature verification systems aim to confirm the id | entity of a person based on their signature \cite{jain_introduction_2004}, that is, they classify signature samples as ``genuine'' (created by the claimed individual) or ``forgery'' (created by an impostor).
In offline (static) signature verification, the signatures are acquired after the signature writing process is ... |
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