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<Instruct>: Given the context 'Naloxone reverses the antihypertensive effect of clonidine.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'Naloxone'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: naloxone, buprenorphine (aka buprenorphine, naloxone drug combination)
B: naloxone-3-o-methyl-oxime
C: naloxone-6-hydrazone (aka naloxazone)
D: naloxone
E: nalorphine
F: naloxone methoiodide (aka n-methylnaloxone)
G: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Naloxone reverses the antihypertensive effect of clonidine.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'clonidine'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: clonidine-displacing substance
B: 2-(n-allyl-n-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)amino)-2-imidazoline (aka alinidine)
C: 2-(2,6-dichlorophenyloxy)-2-imidazoline
D: clonixin
E: hpaa-clonidine (aka hydroxyphenacetyl aminoclonidine)
F: dihydrochloride, clonidine (aka clonidine)
G: clonidine para-isothiocyanate (aka clonid... | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In unanesthetized, spontaneously hypertensive rats the decrease in blood pressure and heart rate produced by intravenous clonidine, 5 to 20 micrograms/kg, was inhibited or reversed by nalozone, 0.2 to 2 mg/kg.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'clonidine'. Answer us... | <Options>: A: 2-(2,6-dichlorophenyloxy)-2-imidazoline
B: clonidine dihydrochloride (aka clonidine)
C: clonixin
D: hpaa-clonidine (aka hydroxyphenacetyl aminoclonidine)
E: 2-(n-allyl-n-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)amino)-2-imidazoline (aka alinidine)
F: 2-(alpha-(2,6-dichlorophenoxy)ethyl) delta-2-imidazoline (aka lofexidine)
G:... | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The hypotensive effect of 100 mg/kg alpha-methyldopa was also partially reversed by naloxone.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'alpha-methyldopa'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: poe methyldopa (aka methyldopa pivaloyloxyethyl ester)
B: 3-o-methylmethyldopa
C: 3-o-methyl-alpha-methyldopamine, (+-)-isomer (aka 3-o-methyl-alpha-methyldopamine)
D: methyldopamine (aka deoxyepinephrine)
E: 3-o-methyldopamine (aka 3-methoxytyramine)
F: alpha-methyldopa (aka methyldopa)
G: alpha-methyldo... | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The hypotensive effect of 100 mg/kg alpha-methyldopa was also partially reversed by naloxone.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'naloxone'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: naloxone-3-o-methyl-oxime
B: naloxone-6-hydrazone (aka naloxazone)
C: naloxone mb (aka n-methylnaloxone)
D: nalorphine
E: naloxone hydrochloride, (5 beta,9 alpha,13 alpha,14 alpha)-isomer (aka naloxone)
F: naloxone, buprenorphine (aka buprenorphine, naloxone drug combination)
G: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Naloxone alone did not affect either blood pressure or heart rate.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'Naloxone'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: naloxone-3-o-methyl-oxime
B: naloxone, buprenorphine (aka buprenorphine, naloxone drug combination)
C: naloxone hydrobromide (aka naloxone)
D: naloxone methobromide (aka n-methylnaloxone)
E: naloxone-6-hydrazone (aka naloxazone)
F: nalorphine
G: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In brain membranes from spontaneously hypertensive rats clonidine, 10(-8) to 10(-5) M, did not influence stereoselective binding of [3H]-naloxone (8 nM), and naloxone, 10(-8) to 10(-4) M, did not influence clonidine-suppressible binding of [3H]-dihydroergocryptine (1 nM).', select the cor... | <Options>: A: hpaa-clonidine (aka hydroxyphenacetyl aminoclonidine)
B: clds (aka clonidine-displacing substance)
C: clonidine para-isothiocyanate (aka clonidine 4-isothiocyanate)
D: 2,6-dimethyl clonidine (aka 2,6-dimethylclonidine)
E: 2-(n-allyl-n-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)amino)-2-imidazoline (aka alinidine)
F: 2-(alpha-(2... | H |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In brain membranes from spontaneously hypertensive rats clonidine, 10(-8) to 10(-5) M, did not influence stereoselective binding of [3H]-naloxone (8 nM), and naloxone, 10(-8) to 10(-4) M, did not influence clonidine-suppressible binding of [3H]-dihydroergocryptine (1 nM).', select the cor... | <Options>: A: nalorphine
B: naloxone, buprenorphine (aka buprenorphine, naloxone drug combination)
C: naloxone methoiodide (aka n-methylnaloxone)
D: naloxone hydrochloride, (5 beta,9 alpha,13 alpha,14 alpha)-isomer (aka naloxone)
E: naloxone-3-o-methyl-oxime
F: naloxone-6-hydrazone (aka naloxazone)
G: None of the above... | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In brain membranes from spontaneously hypertensive rats clonidine, 10(-8) to 10(-5) M, did not influence stereoselective binding of [3H]-naloxone (8 nM), and naloxone, 10(-8) to 10(-4) M, did not influence clonidine-suppressible binding of [3H]-dihydroergocryptine (1 nM).', select the cor... | <Options>: A: 2-(2,6-dichlorophenyloxy)-2-imidazoline
B: 2,6-dimethyl clonidine (aka 2,6-dimethylclonidine)
C: clonixin
D: 2-(alpha-(2,6-dichlorophenoxy)ethyl) delta-2-imidazoline (aka lofexidine)
E: hpaa-clonidine (aka hydroxyphenacetyl aminoclonidine)
F: clds (aka clonidine-displacing substance)
G: 2-(n-allyl-n-(2,6-... | H |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'As naloxone and clonidine do not appear to interact with the same receptor site, the observed functional antagonism suggests the release of an endogenous opiate by clonidine or alpha-methyldopa and the possible role of the opiate in the central control of sympathetic tone.', select the co... | <Options>: A: naloxone methiodide (aka n-methylnaloxone)
B: nalorphine
C: naloxone, buprenorphine (aka buprenorphine, naloxone drug combination)
D: naloxone-3-o-methyl-oxime
E: naloxone-6-hydrazone (aka naloxazone)
F: naloxone
G: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'As naloxone and clonidine do not appear to interact with the same receptor site, the observed functional antagonism suggests the release of an endogenous opiate by clonidine or alpha-methyldopa and the possible role of the opiate in the central control of sympathetic tone.', select the co... | <Options>: A: 2-(2,6-dichlorophenyloxy)-2-imidazoline
B: clonidine
C: 2-(n-allyl-n-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)amino)-2-imidazoline (aka alinidine)
D: hpaa-clonidine (aka hydroxyphenacetyl aminoclonidine)
E: clonidine para-isothiocyanate (aka clonidine 4-isothiocyanate)
F: clds (aka clonidine-displacing substance)
G: 2-(alpha-... | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'As naloxone and clonidine do not appear to interact with the same receptor site, the observed functional antagonism suggests the release of an endogenous opiate by clonidine or alpha-methyldopa and the possible role of the opiate in the central control of sympathetic tone.', select the co... | <Options>: A: 2-(2,6-dichlorophenyloxy)-2-imidazoline
B: 2-(n-allyl-n-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)amino)-2-imidazoline (aka alinidine)
C: monohydrobromide, clonidine (aka clonidine)
D: 2,6-dimethyl clonidine (aka 2,6-dimethylclonidine)
E: clonidine-displacing substance
F: hpaa-clonidine (aka hydroxyphenacetyl aminoclonidine)
G... | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'As naloxone and clonidine do not appear to interact with the same receptor site, the observed functional antagonism suggests the release of an endogenous opiate by clonidine or alpha-methyldopa and the possible role of the opiate in the central control of sympathetic tone.', select the co... | <Options>: A: 3-o-methyl-alpha-methyldopamine, (+-)-isomer (aka 3-o-methyl-alpha-methyldopamine)
B: poe methyldopa (aka methyldopa pivaloyloxyethyl ester)
C: 3-o-methyldopamine (aka 3-methoxytyramine)
D: alpha-methyl-l-dopa (aka methyldopa)
E: 3-o-methyldopa (aka 3-methoxytyrosine)
F: methyldopamine (aka deoxyepinephri... | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Lidocaine-induced cardiac asystole.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'Lidocaine'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: methyl-lidocaine (aka n-methyllidocaine)
B: acetamide, 2-(diethylamino)-n-(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)- (aka trimecaine)
C: o-(2-diethylaminoethyl)-2',6'-mandeloxylidide
D: n-(2-diethylaminoethyl)-2',6'-mandeloxylidide
E: xylocaine (aka lidocaine)
F: lidofenin
G: 2-(dimethylamino)-n-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)acetami... | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Intravenous administration of a single 50-mg bolus of lidocaine in a 67-year-old man resulted in profound depression of the activity of the sinoatrial and atrioventricular nodal pacemakers.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'lidocaine'. Answer using one of the provi... | <Options>: A: n-(beta-phenylethyl)lidocaine (aka tonicaine)
B: leocaine
C: methyl lidocaine (aka n-methyllidocaine)
D: lidol (aka meperidine)
E: lidemol (aka fluocinonide)
F: 2-(dimethylamino)-n-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)acetamide
G: 2-2etn-2mephacn (aka lidocaine)
H: lidan
I: lidofenin
J: 2-chloro-n-(2,6-diethylphenyl)aceta... | G |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The patient had no apparent associated conditions which might have predisposed him to the development of bradyarrhythmias; and, thus, this probably represented a true idiosyncrasy to lidocaine.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'lidocaine'. Answer using one of the p... | <Options>: A: lidemol (aka fluocinonide)
B: acetamide, 2-(diethylamino)-n-(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)- (aka trimecaine)
C: lidan
D: n-(beta-phenylethyl)lidocaine (aka tonicaine)
E: lidol (aka meperidine)
F: n-(2-diethylaminoethyl)-2',6'-mandeloxylidide
G: 2-(dimethylamino)-n-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)acetamide
H: methyl lidocain... | J |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Suxamethonium infusion rate and observed fasciculations.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'Suxamethonium'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: benzohexonium
B: trimethylselenonium
C: succinyldicholine (aka succinylcholine)
D: hexamethonium
E: suxethonium dihydroxide (aka suxethonium)
F: isometamidium (aka isometamidium chloride)
G: hexadecamethonium
H: decamethonium
I: n,n-di-(beta-steaorylethyl)-n,n-dimethylammonium
J: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Suxamethonium chloride (Sch) was administered i.v. to 36 adult males at six rates: 0.25 mg s-1 to 20 mg s-1.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'Suxamethonium chloride'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: chloride, methylmethioninesulfonium (aka vitamin u)
B: furtrethonium chloride (aka furtrethonium)
C: benzoxonium chloride
D: chloride, benzethonium (aka benzethonium)
E: n,n-di-(beta-steaorylethyl)-n,n-dimethylammonium chloride (aka n,n-di-(beta-steaorylethyl)-n,n-dimethylammonium)
F: (2-(3,4-dimethoxyphe... | I |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Suxamethonium chloride (Sch) was administered i.v. to 36 adult males at six rates: 0.25 mg s-1 to 20 mg s-1.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'Sch'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: schisanartane
B: schinol (aka masticadienolic acid)
C: schoenoside
D: sch bt2 (aka 2-furan-2-yl-7-3-(4-(4-(4-methylpiperazine-1-sulfonyl)phenylethyl)-7h-pyrazolo(4,3-e)(1,2,4)triazolo-(1,5-c)pyrimdin-5-ylamine))
E: schiartane
F: schmitterite
G: sch1000 (aka ipratropium)
H: schisandrin (aka schizandrin)
I:... | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The infusion was discontinued either when there was no muscular response to tetanic stimulation of the ulnar nerve or when Sch 120 mg was exceeded.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'Sch'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: schorl
B: schisandrin (aka schizandrin)
C: sch-p (aka stilbazochrome-p)
D: scholzite
E: sch-a compound
F: schiartane
G: sch bt2 (aka 2-furan-2-yl-7-3-(4-(4-(4-methylpiperazine-1-sulfonyl)phenylethyl)-7h-pyrazolo(4,3-e)(1,2,4)triazolo-(1,5-c)pyrimdin-5-ylamine))
H: schisanartane
I: schisanhenol
J: sch6
K: ... | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Galanthamine hydrobromide, a longer acting anticholinesterase drug, in the treatment of the central effects of scopolamine (Hyoscine).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'Galanthamine hydrobromide'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: apogalanthamine
B: galanthamine (aka galantamine)
C: adtn hydrobromide (aka adtn)
D: galanthaminone
E: apohaemanthamine (aka apohemanthamine)
F: phenacylamine hydrobromide (aka phenacylamine)
G: hexylamine hydrobromide (aka hexylamine)
H: aniline hydrobromide (aka aniline)
I: norgalanthamine
J: nigeglanin... | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Galanthamine hydrobromide, a longer acting anticholinesterase drug, in the treatment of the central effects of scopolamine (Hyoscine).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'scopolamine'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: scopolan (aka butylscopolammonium bromide)
B: scopolamine derivatives
C: scopathricin
D: hyoscine n-oxide stereoisomer (aka hyoscine n-oxide)
E: diacetyl scopadol (aka diacetylscopadol)
F: scopadulin
G: scoparasin b
H: scopolamine hydrobromide (aka scopolamine)
I: scopolin
J: methiodide, hyoscine (aka n-m... | H |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Galanthamine hydrobromide, a longer acting anticholinesterase drug, in the treatment of the central effects of scopolamine (Hyoscine).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'Hyoscine'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: hyoscine methobromide (aka n-methylscopolamine)
B: transderm scop (aka scopolamine)
C: hyoscine n-oxide stereoisomer (aka hyoscine n-oxide)
D: protoneodioscin
E: epimeloscine (aka meloscine)
F: scopolamines (aka scopolamine derivatives)
G: scopolan (aka butylscopolammonium bromide)
H: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Galanthamine hydrobromide, an anticholinesterase drug capable of penetrating the blood-brain barrier, was used in a patient demonstrating central effects of scopolamine (hyoscine) overdosage.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'Galanthamine hydrobromide'. Answer usin... | <Options>: A: galanthamine hydrobromide (aka galantamine)
B: phenacylamine hydrobromide (aka phenacylamine)
C: apohemanthamine
D: nigeglanine hydrobromide (aka nigeglanine)
E: apo-galanthamine (aka apogalanthamine)
F: benzylamine hydrobromide (aka benzylamine)
G: higenamine hydrobromide, (+-)-isomer (aka higenamine)
H:... | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Galanthamine hydrobromide, an anticholinesterase drug capable of penetrating the blood-brain barrier, was used in a patient demonstrating central effects of scopolamine (hyoscine) overdosage.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'scopolamine'. Answer using one of the p... | <Options>: A: methiodide, hyoscine (aka n-methylscopolamine)
B: transderm scop (aka scopolamine)
C: scopathricin
D: scopolamine derivatives
E: scopolin
F: scopadulin
G: diacetyl scopadol (aka diacetylscopadol)
H: scoparasin b
I: hyoscine n-oxide
J: scopolan (aka butylscopolammonium bromide)
K: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Galanthamine hydrobromide, an anticholinesterase drug capable of penetrating the blood-brain barrier, was used in a patient demonstrating central effects of scopolamine (hyoscine) overdosage.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'hyoscine'. Answer using one of the prov... | <Options>: A: methobromide, hyoscine (aka n-methylscopolamine)
B: hyoscine n-oxide stereoisomer (aka hyoscine n-oxide)
C: n-butylbromide, hyoscine (aka butylscopolammonium bromide)
D: epimeloscine (aka meloscine)
E: protoneodioscin
F: scopolamines (aka scopolamine derivatives)
G: None of the above. | G |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'It is longer acting than physostigmine and is used in anaesthesia to reverse the non-depolarizing neuromuscular block.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'physostigmine'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: physalemin (aka physalaemin)
B: physostigmine methiodide
C: physostigmine salicylate
D: physostigmine
E: physostigmine-n-oxide
F: norneostigmine
G: physovenine
H: 1-methylphysostigmine
I: xanthostigmine
J: physoperuvine
K: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'However, studies into the dose necessary to combating scopolamine intoxication are indicated.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'scopolamine'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: scopolamine derivatives
B: diacetyl scopadol (aka diacetylscopadol)
C: hyoscine n-oxide stereoisomer (aka hyoscine n-oxide)
D: scopoderm tts (aka scopolamine)
E: scoparasin b
F: scopolin
G: scopadulin
H: methiodide, hyoscine (aka n-methylscopolamine)
I: scopathricin
J: scopolan (aka butylscopolammonium br... | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Effects of uninephrectomy and high protein feeding on lithium-induced chronic renal failure in rats.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'lithium'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: carbonate, lithium (aka lithium carbonate)
B: lithium-11
C: lithium compounds
D: lithium citrate
E: lithium-9
F: lithium gluconate (aka gluconic acid)
G: lithium sulfide
H: chloride, lithium (aka lithium chloride)
I: lithium-7 (aka lithium)
J: lithium-5
K: None of the above. | I |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Rats with lithium-induced nephropathy were subjected to high protein (HP) feeding, uninephrectomy (NX) or a combination of these, in an attempt to induce glomerular hyperfiltration and further progression of renal failure.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'lithium'... | <Options>: A: carbonate, lithium (aka lithium carbonate)
B: lithium-6
C: compounds, lithium (aka lithium compounds)
D: lithium-8
E: lithium-3
F: lithium chloride (licl) (aka lithium chloride)
G: lithium-4
H: lithium-5
I: lithium gluconate (aka gluconic acid)
J: lithium-11
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Newborn female Wistar rats were fed a lithium-containing diet (50 mmol/kg) for 8 weeks and then randomized to normal diet, HP diet (40 vs. 19%), NX or HP+NX for another 8 weeks.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'lithium'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: lithium sulfide
B: lithium-6
C: lithium-8
D: compounds, lithium (aka lithium compounds)
E: bicarbonate, lithium (aka lithium carbonate)
F: lithium chloride
G: lithium citrate
H: lithium gluconate (aka gluconic acid)
I: lithium-11
J: lithium-7 (aka lithium)
K: None of the above. | J |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Corresponding non-lithium pretreated groups were generated.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'lithium'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: lithium gluconate (aka gluconic acid)
B: bicarbonate, lithium (aka lithium carbonate)
C: lithium sulfide
D: lithium-11
E: lithium-3
F: chloride, lithium (aka lithium chloride)
G: lithium compounds
H: lithium 7 (aka lithium)
I: lithium-8
J: lithium-9
K: None of the above. | H |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'When comparing all lithium treated versus non-lithium-treated groups, lithium caused a reduction in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) without significant changes in effective renal plasma flow (as determined by a marker secreted into the proximal tubules) or lithium clearance.', select the... | <Options>: A: lithium-11
B: lithium-5
C: lithium-9
D: lithium chloride
E: lithium sulfide
F: lithium citrate
G: compounds, lithium (aka lithium compounds)
H: lithium-8
I: lithium 7 (aka lithium)
J: lithium-6
K: None of the above. | I |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'When comparing all lithium treated versus non-lithium-treated groups, lithium caused a reduction in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) without significant changes in effective renal plasma flow (as determined by a marker secreted into the proximal tubules) or lithium clearance.', select the... | <Options>: A: lithium-7 (aka lithium)
B: lithium-5
C: lithium-9
D: lithium-8
E: lithium sulfide
F: lithium-11
G: bicarbonate, lithium (aka lithium carbonate)
H: lithium citrate
I: lithium-4
J: lithium gluconate (aka gluconic acid)
K: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'When comparing all lithium treated versus non-lithium-treated groups, lithium caused a reduction in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) without significant changes in effective renal plasma flow (as determined by a marker secreted into the proximal tubules) or lithium clearance.', select the... | <Options>: A: bicarbonate, lithium (aka lithium carbonate)
B: lithium citrate
C: lithium sulfide
D: lithium-11
E: lithium
F: lithium-8
G: lithium-5
H: lithium-3
I: lithium chloride
J: lithium-4
K: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'When comparing all lithium treated versus non-lithium-treated groups, lithium caused a reduction in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) without significant changes in effective renal plasma flow (as determined by a marker secreted into the proximal tubules) or lithium clearance.', select the... | <Options>: A: lithium citrate
B: carbonate, lithium (aka lithium carbonate)
C: lithium-6
D: lithium sulfide
E: lithium-11
F: lithium-3
G: lithium-4
H: lithium 7 (aka lithium)
I: lithium gluconate (aka gluconic acid)
J: chloride, lithium (aka lithium chloride)
K: None of the above. | H |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Consequently, lithium pretreatment caused a fall in filtration fraction and an increase in fractional Li excretion.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'lithium'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: carbonate, lithium (aka lithium carbonate)
B: lithium-9
C: lithium citrate
D: lithium-5
E: lithium-8
F: lithium-4
G: lithium gluconate (aka gluconic acid)
H: compounds, lithium (aka lithium compounds)
I: lithium-7 (aka lithium)
J: lithium-3
K: None of the above. | I |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Consequently, lithium pretreatment caused a fall in filtration fraction and an increase in fractional Li excretion.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'Li'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: li(x)coo2 (aka lithium cobalt oxide)
B: lithium-9
C: liyan
D: lithium
E: lithium-4
F: li2zro3 (aka lithium zirconate)
G: lithium-8
H: liotrix (aka thyroxine, triiodothyronine drug combination)
I: liogen (aka fluphenazine depot)
J: lithium chloride (licl) (aka lithium chloride)
K: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Lithium also caused proteinuria and systolic hypertension in absence of glomerulosclerosis.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'Lithium'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: lithium-5
B: lithium-7 (aka lithium)
C: lithium gluconate (aka gluconic acid)
D: lithium-6
E: lithium-4
F: lithium-9
G: lithium-8
H: lithium-11
I: lithium sulfide
J: lithium chloride (licl) (aka lithium chloride)
K: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'HP failed to accentuante progression of renal failure and in fact tended to increase GFR and decrease plasma creatinine levels in lithium pretreated rats.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'creatinine'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: creolin
B: hydrotalcit-ratiopharm (aka hydrotalcite)
C: creosol
D: creatine ethyl ester
E: creatine
F: triolandren
G: 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine creatinine
H: r(acc) (aka adenylyl-(3'-5')-cytidylyl-(3'-5')-cytidine)
I: creatine riboside (aka 2-(2-(3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl)-1-methylcarbamimi... | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'HP failed to accentuante progression of renal failure and in fact tended to increase GFR and decrease plasma creatinine levels in lithium pretreated rats.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'lithium'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: compounds, lithium (aka lithium compounds)
B: lithium-4
C: lithium-6
D: lithium-5
E: lithium gluconate (aka gluconic acid)
F: lithium-9
G: lithium-11
H: carbonate, lithium (aka lithium carbonate)
I: lithium sulfide
J: lithium chloride
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'NX+HP caused a further rise in blood pressure in Li-pretreated rats.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'Li'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: lithium-3
B: litreol (aka 3-(pentadec-10-enyl)catechol)
C: li2s compound (aka lithium sulfide)
D: li(x)coo2 (aka lithium cobalt oxide)
E: lithium chloride
F: lithium 7 (aka lithium)
G: lithium-9
H: li-4 radioisotope (aka lithium-4)
I: liotrix (aka thyroxine, triiodothyronine drug combination)
J: li2zro3 (... | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The results indicate that Li-induced nephropathy, even when the GFR is only modestly reduced, is associated with proteinuria and arterial systolic hypertension.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'Li'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: liyan
B: liogen (aka fluphenazine depot)
C: lithium-9
D: li(x)coo2 (aka lithium cobalt oxide)
E: li-3 radioisotope (aka lithium-3)
F: lithium-8
G: lithium
H: li2s compound (aka lithium sulfide)
I: li2zro3 (aka lithium zirconate)
J: liotrix (aka thyroxine, triiodothyronine drug combination)
K: None of the ... | G |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Treatment of Crohn's disease with fusidic acid: an antibiotic with immunosuppressive properties similar to cyclosporin.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'fusidic acid'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: fusaminic acid
B: fusaricide
C: fusicoccin s
D: fusidin h
E: acid, fusaric (aka fusaric acid)
F: fusarinolic acid
G: fuscine
H: fusicoccin-a (aka fusicoccin)
I: fusicoccin r
J: fusidin (aka fusidic acid)
K: None of the above. | J |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Treatment of Crohn's disease with fusidic acid: an antibiotic with immunosuppressive properties similar to cyclosporin.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'cyclosporin'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: 9-(n-methyl-l-isoleucine)-cyclosporin a (aka (melle-4)cyclosporin)
B: cyclosporin-like substance
C: cyclosporin d
D: cyclosporin o
E: cyclosporin f
F: cyclosporin c
G: d-serine(8)-cyclosporin (aka cyclosporin, serine(8)-)
H: cyclosporin a (aka cyclosporine)
I: cyclosporin a, 2-(o-(2-hydroxyethyl)-d-serine... | H |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Fusidic acid is an antibiotic with T-cell specific immunosuppressive effects similar to those of cyclosporin.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'cyclosporin'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: cyclosporin f
B: 9-(n-methyl-l-isoleucine)-cyclosporin a (aka (melle-4)cyclosporin)
C: cyclosporin-like substance
D: d-serine(8)-cyclosporin (aka cyclosporin, serine(8)-)
E: cyclosporins
F: cyclosporin d
G: cyclosporin c
H: cyclosporin o
I: cyclosporine h (aka cyclosporin h)
J: cyclosporine g (aka cyclosp... | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Because of the need for the development of new treatments for Crohn's disease, a pilot study was undertaken to estimate the pharmacodynamics and tolerability of fusidic acid treatment in chronic active, therapy-resistant patients.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to '... | <Options>: A: fusicoccin r
B: fuscin
C: fusicoccin h
D: fusicoccin s
E: fusaric acid
F: (s)-(+)-fusarinolic acid (aka fusarinolic acid)
G: fusafungin
H: fusaminic acid
I: fusidin (aka fusidic acid)
J: fuscine
K: None of the above. | I |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Fusidic acid was administered orally in a dose of 500 mg t.d.s.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'Fusidic acid'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: fusidic acid
B: fusaric acid
C: fusafungin
D: fuscinarin
E: fuscin
F: fusaricidin a
G: fusicoccin r
H: fusaminic acid
I: fusarinolic acid
J: fusicoccin s
K: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Five of 8 patients (63%) improved during fusidic acid treatment: 3 at two weeks and 2 after four weeks.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'fusidic acid'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: fusicoccin r
B: fusidin h
C: fusicoccin h
D: fusaricidin a
E: fuscine
F: fuscin
G: acid, fusaric (aka fusaric acid)
H: fusicoccin s
I: fusidin (aka fusidic acid)
J: fusaricide
K: None of the above. | I |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The results of this pilot study suggest that fusidic acid may be of benefit in selected chronic active Crohn's disease patients in whom conventional treatment is ineffective.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'fusidic acid'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: fusicoccin
B: fusaricidin a
C: fuscine
D: fusicoccin s
E: fusidic acid
F: fuscin
G: fusafungin
H: acid, fusaric (aka fusaric acid)
I: fusarinolic acid
J: fuscinarin
K: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Because there seems to exist a scientific rationale for the use of fusidic acid at the cytokine level in inflammatory bowel disease, we suggest that the role of this treatment should be further investigated.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'fusidic acid'. Answer u... | <Options>: A: fusicoccin h
B: fusaminic acid
C: fusaricidin a
D: fuscin
E: acid, fusidic (aka fusidic acid)
F: fusaricide
G: fuscinarin
H: fuscine
I: acid, fusaric (aka fusaric acid)
J: (s)-(+)-fusarinolic acid (aka fusarinolic acid)
K: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Electrocardiographic evidence of myocardial injury in psychiatrically hospitalized cocaine abusers.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'cocaine'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: cocaine - dipicrylaminate (aka cocaine, dipicrylaminate drug combination)
B: cocaine n-oxide
C: cocotac (aka cocotrimethylammonium chloride)
D: hcl, cocaine (aka cocaine)
E: n-cyanomethylmethamphetamine
F: cocaine, crack (aka crack cocaine)
G: cocaine methiodide
H: cocaine benzoyl thioester
I: cocus i (ak... | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The electrocardiograms (ECG) of 99 cocaine-abusing patients were compared with the ECGs of 50 schizophrenic controls.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'cocaine'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: coconut oil
B: cocaine benzoyl thioester
C: cocaine n-oxide
D: cocotac (aka cocotrimethylammonium chloride)
E: cocaine, crack (aka crack cocaine)
F: cocaine - dipicrylaminate (aka cocaine, dipicrylaminate drug combination)
G: coc compound (aka cholesteryl oleoyl carbonate)
H: coconut betaine (aka cocobeta... | I |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Eleven of the cocaine abusers and none of the controls had ECG evidence of significant myocardial injury defined as myocardial infarction, ischemia, and bundle branch block.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'cocaine'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: cocaine benzoyl thioester
B: oil, coconut (aka coconut oil)
C: cocotac (aka cocotrimethylammonium chloride)
D: crack cocaine
E: n-cyanomethylmethamphetamine
F: cocus i (aka 7,8-dihydroxy-2',4',5'-trimethoxyisoflavan)
G: coc compound (aka cholesteryl oleoyl carbonate)
H: cocaine n-oxide
I: cocaine - dipicr... | J |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Sulpiride-induced tardive dystonia.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'Sulpiride'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: sulcona
B: sulproston (aka sulprostone)
C: sulprim (aka trimethoprim, sulfamethoxazole drug combination)
D: n-(((s)-1-ethyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)methyl)-5-sulfamoyl-o-anisamide (aka levosulpiride)
E: sulpyrine (aka dipyrone)
F: sulisatin sodium (aka sulisatin)
G: sulperide (aka sulpiride)
H: sultopride (aka ami... | G |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Sulpiride is a selective D2-receptor antagonist with antipsychotic and antidepressant properties.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'Sulpiride'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: n-(((s)-1-ethyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)methyl)-5-sulfamoyl-o-anisamide (aka levosulpiride)
B: sulpiride
C: sulisatin sodium (aka sulisatin)
D: sulnate
E: sulperazon (aka sulperazone)
F: sulproston (aka sulprostone)
G: sultopride hydrochloride (aka amisulpride)
H: sulpyrin (aka dipyrone)
I: sulprofos
J: suleparoid... | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Sulpiride is a selective D2-receptor antagonist with antipsychotic and antidepressant properties.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'antidepressant'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: antidepressant (aka antidepressive agents)
B: antidepressants, atypical (aka antidepressive agents, second-generation)
C: agent, antidementia (aka nootropic agents)
D: antipsychotic drug (aka antipsychotic agents)
E: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Although initially thought to be free of extrapyramidal side effects, sulpiride-induced tardive dyskinesia and parkinsonism have been reported occasionally.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'sulpiride'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: sulprim (aka trimethoprim, sulfamethoxazole drug combination)
B: sulperide (aka sulpiride)
C: sulcona
D: suleparoid
E: sulnate
F: sulproston (aka sulprostone)
G: sulperazon (aka sulperazone)
H: sultopride hydrochloride (aka amisulpride)
I: sulpyrin (aka dipyrone)
J: sulisatin sodium (aka sulisatin)
K: Non... | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'We studied a 37-year-old man who developed persistent segmental dystonia within 2 months after starting sulpiride therapy.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'sulpiride'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: n-(((s)-1-ethyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)methyl)-5-sulfamoyl-o-anisamide (aka levosulpiride)
B: sulcona
C: sulpyrine (aka dipyrone)
D: sultopride (aka amisulpride)
E: sulprim (aka trimethoprim, sulfamethoxazole drug combination)
F: sulnate
G: sulisatin
H: suleparoid
I: sulperazon (aka sulperazone)
J: sulprofos
K: N... | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'We could not find any previous reports of sulpiride-induced tardive dystonia.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'sulpiride'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: n-(((s)-1-ethyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)methyl)-5-sulfamoyl-o-anisamide (aka levosulpiride)
B: sulpyrin (aka dipyrone)
C: sultopride hydrochloride (aka amisulpride)
D: sulprim (aka trimethoprim, sulfamethoxazole drug combination)
E: sulprofos
F: sulisatin sodium (aka sulisatin)
G: sulproston (aka sulprostone)
H: s... | I |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Ocular and auditory toxicity in hemodialyzed patients receiving desferrioxamine.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'desferrioxamine'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: desferrioxamine e
B: n-hydroxydesferrioxamine b
C: desferroxamine (aka deferoxamine)
D: mangan-desferrioxamin
E: deferrioxamine e
F: desferri-ferricrocin
G: n-desferriferrichrome
H: cu(ii)-desferrioxamine (aka copper-desferal complex)
I: zinc-desferrioxamine
J: desferriferrithiocin
K: None of the above. | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'During an 18-month period of study 41 hemodialyzed patients receiving desferrioxamine (10-40 mg/kg BW/3 times weekly) for the first time were monitored for detection of audiovisual toxicity.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'desferrioxamine'. Answer using one of th... | <Options>: A: mangan-desferrioxamin
B: cu(ii)-desferrioxamine (aka copper-desferal complex)
C: n-hydroxydesferrioxamine b
D: deferrioxamine e
E: n-desferriferrichrome
F: desferriferrithiocin
G: zinc-desferrioxamine
H: desferrioxamine e
I: desferrioxamine b (aka deferoxamine)
J: desferriferricrocin (aka desferri-ferricr... | I |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Desferrioxamine withdrawal resulted in a complete recovery of visual function in 1 patient and partial recovery in 3, and a complete reversal of hearing loss in 3 patients and partial recovery in 3.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'Desferrioxamine'. Answer using o... | <Options>: A: n-hydroxydesferrioxamine b
B: cu(ii)-desferrioxamine (aka copper-desferal complex)
C: zinc-desferrioxamine
D: desferri-ferricrocin
E: desferrioxamine e
F: deferrioxamine e
G: deferoxamine
H: n-desferriferrichrome
I: desferriferrithiocin
J: mangan-desferrioxamin
K: None of the above. | G |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'This toxicity appeared in patients receiving the higher doses of desferrioxamine or coincided with the normalization of ferritin or aluminium serum levels.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'desferrioxamine'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: desferrioxamine e
B: mangan-desferrioxamin
C: deferrioxamine e
D: zinc-desferrioxamine
E: desferal (aka deferoxamine)
F: desferriferrithiocin
G: cu(ii)-desferrioxamine (aka copper-desferal complex)
H: n-hydroxydesferrioxamine b
I: n-desferriferrichrome
J: desferriferricrocin (aka desferri-ferricrocin)
K: ... | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The data indicate that audiovisual toxicity is not an infrequent complication in hemodialyzed patients receiving desferrioxamine.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'desferrioxamine'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mangan-desferrioxamin
B: desferriferrithiocin
C: zinc-desferrioxamine
D: deferrioxamine e
E: desferriferricrocin (aka desferri-ferricrocin)
F: desferrioxamine e
G: cu(ii)-desferrioxamine (aka copper-desferal complex)
H: n-desferriferrichrome
I: n-hydroxy-desferrioxamine b (aka n-hydroxydesferrioxamine b)
... | J |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Myasthenia gravis presenting as weakness after magnesium administration.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'magnesium'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: magnesium
B: magnesium-28
C: manganese
D: magnesite (mg(co3)) (aka magnesium carbonate)
E: magnesium chloride (mgcl2) (aka magnesium chloride)
F: magnesium phosphate
G: magnesium-25
H: magnesium diasporal (aka levulinic acid)
I: magnesium compounds
J: magnesium alba
K: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'We studied a patient with no prior history of neuromuscular disease who became virtually quadriplegic after parenteral magnesium administration for preeclampsia.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'magnesium'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: magnesium
B: compounds, magnesium (aka magnesium compounds)
C: magnesium alba
D: bis(glycinato)magnesium (aka magnesium diglycinate)
E: magnesium diasporal (aka levulinic acid)
F: magnesite (mg(co3)) (aka magnesium carbonate)
G: magnesium-25
H: magnesium phosphate
I: magnesium oxide
J: magnesium-28
K: Non... | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The serum magnesium concentration was 3.0 mEq/L, which is usually well tolerated.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'magnesium'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: magnesium-30
B: bis(glycinato)magnesium (aka magnesium diglycinate)
C: magnesium compounds
D: magnesium
E: magnesium-25
F: manganese
G: magnesium phosphate
H: magnesium oxide
I: magnesite (mg(co3)) (aka magnesium carbonate)
J: magnesium-28
K: None of the above. | D |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The magnesium was stopped and she recovered over a few days.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'magnesium'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: magnesium-30
B: magnesium phosphate
C: chloride, magnesium (aka magnesium chloride)
D: manganese
E: magnesium compounds
F: magnesium-28
G: magnesium-25
H: bis(glycinato)magnesium (aka magnesium diglycinate)
I: magnesium
J: magnesite (aka magnesium carbonate)
K: None of the above. | I |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Her acetylcholine receptor antibody level was markedly elevated.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'acetylcholine'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: acetylcholine agents (aka cholinergic agents)
B: l-tartrate, acetylcholine (aka acetylcholine)
C: agonist, acetylcholine (aka cholinergic agonists)
D: alpha-methylcholine acetate (aka alpha-methylcholine)
E: acetylethylcholine (aka acetylmonoethylcholine)
F: acetylcholine mustard
G: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Although paralysis after magnesium administration has been described in patients with known myasthenia gravis, it has not previously been reported to be the initial or only manifestation of the disease.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'magnesium'. Answer using one... | <Options>: A: magnesium
B: manganese
C: magnesium phosphate
D: oxide, magnesium (aka magnesium oxide)
E: magnesite (mg(co3)) (aka magnesium carbonate)
F: bis(glycinato)magnesium (aka magnesium diglycinate)
G: magnesium alba
H: magnesium-30
I: magnesium-28
J: magnesium-25
K: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Patients who are unusually sensitive to the neuromuscular effects of magnesium should be suspected of having an underlying disorder of neuromuscular transmission.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'magnesium'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: magnesium-25
B: manganese
C: magnesium compounds
D: oxide, magnesium (aka magnesium oxide)
E: magnesium-30
F: magnesium
G: magnesium-28
H: bis(glycinato)magnesium (aka magnesium diglycinate)
I: magnesium alba
J: magnesium diasporal (aka levulinic acid)
K: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Chloroacetaldehyde and its contribution to urotoxicity during treatment with cyclophosphamide or ifosfamide.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'Chloroacetaldehyde'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: acetylformaldehyde (aka pyruvaldehyde)
B: malealdehyde
C: dichloroacetaldehyde
D: p-chlorobenzaldehyde (aka 4-chlorobenzaldehyde)
E: propiolaldehyde
F: chloroacetaldehyde hydrate (aka chloroacetaldehyde)
G: 3-chlorolactaldehyde, (s)-isomer (aka 3-chlorolactaldehyde)
H: 3-chloro-anisaldehyde (aka 3-chloroa... | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Chloroacetaldehyde and its contribution to urotoxicity during treatment with cyclophosphamide or ifosfamide.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'cyclophosphamide'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: 2h-1,3,2-oxazaphosphorin-2-amine, n,n-bis(2-chloroethyl)tetrahydro-3-hydroxy-, 2-oxide (aka 3-hydroxycyclophosphamide)
B: 2h-1,3,2-oxazaphosphorin-4-ol, 3-(2-chloroethyl)-2-((2-chloroethyl)amino)tetrahydro-, 2-oxide (aka 4-hydroxyifosfamide)
C: trans-5-chlorocyclophosphamide (aka 5-chlorocyclophosphamide)... | J |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Chloroacetaldehyde and its contribution to urotoxicity during treatment with cyclophosphamide or ifosfamide.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'ifosfamide'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: 2h-1,3,2-oxazaphosphorin-4-ol, 3-(2-chloroethyl)-2-((2-chloroethyl)amino)tetrahydro-, 2-oxide (aka 4-hydroxyifosfamide)
B: 2h-1,3,2-oxazaphosphorin-2-amine, n,n-bis(2-chloroethyl)tetrahydro-3-hydroxy-, 2-oxide (aka 3-hydroxycyclophosphamide)
C: beta-d-glucosyl-ifosfamide mustard (aka beta-d-glucosylisopho... | G |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Based on clinical data, indicating that chloroacetaldehyde (CAA) is an important metabolite of oxazaphosphorine cytostatics, an experimental study was carried out in order to elucidate the role of CAA in the development of hemorrhagic cystitis.', select the correct biomedical concept corr... | <Options>: A: methoxyacetaldehyde (aka 2-methoxyacetaldehyde)
B: dichloroacetaldehyde
C: propiolaldehyde
D: malealdehyde
E: acetylformaldehyde (aka pyruvaldehyde)
F: 3-chloro-anisaldehyde (aka 3-chloroanisaldehyde)
G: 3-chlorolactaldehyde, (+-)-isomer (aka 3-chlorolactaldehyde)
H: 2-chlorobenzaldehyde
I: p-chlorobenzal... | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Based on clinical data, indicating that chloroacetaldehyde (CAA) is an important metabolite of oxazaphosphorine cytostatics, an experimental study was carried out in order to elucidate the role of CAA in the development of hemorrhagic cystitis.', select the correct biomedical concept corr... | <Options>: A: cag protocol
B: ace protocol 1
C: ace regimen (aka ace protocol 2)
D: cac protocol
E: beta amyloid (aka amyloid beta-peptides)
F: cca protocol
G: ceca protocol
H: caapv (aka benzyloxycarbonylalanyl-alanyl-prolyl-valine-trifluoromethyl ketone)
I: cara protocol
J: caatrp (aka cyclo-acetoacetyl-l-tryptophan)... | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Based on clinical data, indicating that chloroacetaldehyde (CAA) is an important metabolite of oxazaphosphorine cytostatics, an experimental study was carried out in order to elucidate the role of CAA in the development of hemorrhagic cystitis.', select the correct biomedical concept corr... | <Options>: A: ace protocol 1
B: cara protocol
C: amyloid ad ap (aka amyloid beta-peptides)
D: caaaq (aka 6-(n-carbobenzoxy-alanyl-alanyl-alanylamido)quinoline)
E: camca (aka carbobenzoxyargininamide-7-yl-4-methylcoumarin)
F: maaac (aka n-(2-methoxy-6-azidoacridin-9-yl)-n'-(4-azidobenzoyl)cystamine)
G: cac protocol
H: a... | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The data demonstrate that CAA after i.v. administration does not contribute to bladder damage.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'CAA'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: cag protocol
B: cac protocol
C: beta amyloid (aka amyloid beta-peptides)
D: maaac (aka n-(2-methoxy-6-azidoacridin-9-yl)-n'-(4-azidobenzoyl)cystamine)
E: ac protocol
F: caatrp (aka cyclo-acetoacetyl-l-tryptophan)
G: ace regimen (aka ace protocol 2)
H: ceca protocol
I: caaaq (aka 6-(n-carbobenzoxy-alanyl-a... | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'When instilled directly into the bladder, CAA exerts urotoxic effects, it is, however, susceptible to detoxification with mesna.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'CAA'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: amyloid ad-ap (aka amyloid beta-peptides)
B: caaaq (aka 6-(n-carbobenzoxy-alanyl-alanyl-alanylamido)quinoline)
C: ace protocol 1
D: ace regimen (aka ace protocol 2)
E: maaac (aka n-(2-methoxy-6-azidoacridin-9-yl)-n'-(4-azidobenzoyl)cystamine)
F: ca protocol (aka ac protocol)
G: camca (aka carbobenzoxyargi... | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'When instilled directly into the bladder, CAA exerts urotoxic effects, it is, however, susceptible to detoxification with mesna.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mesna'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mesnex (aka mesna)
B: mes compound (aka 2-(n-morpholino)ethanesulfonic acid)
C: mes(o)spn (aka methanesulfinothioic acid s-1-propenyl ester)
D: mesna-albumin (aka 2-mercaptoethanesulfonic acid albumin)
E: mesylate (aka mesylates)
F: mesmar
G: mes cpd (aka mono-2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl succinate)
H: mesihc... | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Twenty common migraine patients received a one sided frontotemporal application of nitroglycerin (10 patients) or placebo ointment (10 patients) in a double blind study.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'nitroglycerin'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: glyceryl 1,3-dinitrate (aka dinitroglycerol)
B: pentaerythrityl trinitrate (aka pentrinitrol)
C: nitropress (aka nitroprusside)
D: triethanolamine trinitrate (aka trolnitrate)
E: glycerin-1-nitrate (aka glycerol-1-nitrate)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Early onset migraine attacks were induced by nitroglycerin in seven out of 10 patients versus no patient in the placebo group.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'nitroglycerin'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: glycerin-1-nitrate (aka glycerol-1-nitrate)
B: nitroglyn (aka nitroglycerin)
C: nitropress (aka nitroprusside)
D: 1,2-glyceryl dinitrate (aka dinitroglycerol)
E: pentaerythrityl trinitrate (aka pentrinitrol)
F: 2,2',2''- nitrilotrisethanol, trinitrate (ester) (aka trolnitrate)
G: None of the above. | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Subsequently 20 migraine patients, who developed an early onset attack with frontotemporal nitroglycerin, received the drug in a second induction test at other body areas.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'nitroglycerin'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: trinitrin (aka nitroglycerin)
B: glyceryl 1,3-dinitrate (aka dinitroglycerol)
C: triethanolamine trinitrate (aka trolnitrate)
D: nitropress (aka nitroprusside)
E: glycerin-1-nitrate (aka glycerol-1-nitrate)
F: pentaerythrityl trinitrate (aka pentrinitrol)
G: None of the above. | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Thus the migraine-inducing effect of nitroglycerin seems to depend on direct stimulation of the habitual site of pain, suggesting that the frontotemporal region is of crucial importance in the development of a migraine crisis.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'nitr... | <Options>: A: nitropress (aka nitroprusside)
B: triethanolamine trinitrate (aka trolnitrate)
C: glycerin-1-nitrate (aka glycerol-1-nitrate)
D: pentaerythrityl trinitrate (aka pentrinitrol)
E: nitrong (aka nitroglycerin)
F: glyceryl 1,3-dinitrate (aka dinitroglycerol)
G: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Clotiazepam-induced acute hepatitis.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'Clotiazepam'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: camazepam
B: 1-methyl-4-carbamoyl-5-phenyl-7-chloro-1,3,4,5-tetrahydro-2h-1,4-benzodiazepine-2-one (aka uxepam)
C: 4h-1,4-benzodiazepine-4-carboxamide, 7-chloro-1,2,3,5-tetrahydro-1-methyl-2-oxo-5-phenyl-, (+-)- (aka 4-carbamoyl-4,5-dihydrodiazepam)
D: 7-chloro-5-(2-chlorophenyl) 1,3-dihydro-2h-1,4-benzod... | I |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'We report the case of a patient who developed acute hepatitis with extensive hepatocellular necrosis, 7 months after the onset of administration of clotiazepam, a thienodiazepine derivative.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'clotiazepam'. Answer using one of the pr... | <Options>: A: 2h-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one, 7-chloro-1-(2-(diethylamino)ethyl)-5-(2-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro- (aka flurazepam)
B: 7-chloro-2,3-dihydro-n-methyl-2-oxo-5- phenyl-lh-1-benzodiazepin-1-acetamide (aka ro 5-5807)
C: 7 chloro-5-(2-chlorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro-1-methyl-3-(morpholino)methylene-2h-1,4-benzodiazepin-2... | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'We report the case of a patient who developed acute hepatitis with extensive hepatocellular necrosis, 7 months after the onset of administration of clotiazepam, a thienodiazepine derivative.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'thienodiazepine'. Answer using one of th... | <Options>: A: tdoh (aka 5-(2-chlorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro-2h-thieno(2,3-e)(1,4)diazepin-2-one)
B: 2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-7-methoxy-4-methyl-1,4-benzothiazepine (aka s-107 compound)
C: d-d-o-benzothiazepine (aka 3,7-dicarboxy-10,11-dihydroxy-2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9-octahydropyrido(4,3-g)(1,4)benzothiazepine)
D: dibenzo(1,4,5)thiadiaze... | I |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Clotiazepam withdrawal was followed by prompt recovery.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'Clotiazepam'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: clotiazepam
B: 2h-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one, 7-chloro-1-(2-(diethylamino)ethyl)-5-(2-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro- (aka flurazepam)
C: 2h-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one, 7-chloro-5-(2-chlorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro-1-methyl- (aka 2-chlorodiazepam)
D: nordiazepam (aka nordazepam)
E: 7 chloro-5-(2-chlorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro-... | A |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The administration of several benzodiazepines, chemically related to clotiazepam, did not interfere with recovery and did not induce any relapse of hepatitis.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'benzodiazepines'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: benzopyrano(4,3-c)-1,5-benzodiazepine
B: 1,2-diazabenzene (aka pyridazine)
C: 1,3-dihydro-1-methyl-5-phenyl-2h-1,4-benzodiazepine-2-one (aka bda 250)
D: triazolo(4,3-d)benzodiazepine
E: 1,4-benzodiazepine-2,5-dione (aka bz-423)
F: n-desmethylquazepam
G: d-n-benzodiazepine-dione (aka 7,8-dichloro-6-nitro-1... | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The administration of several benzodiazepines, chemically related to clotiazepam, did not interfere with recovery and did not induce any relapse of hepatitis.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'clotiazepam'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: 7-chloro 5-(2-chlorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro-2h-(1,4)-benzodiazepine-2-thione
B: clotiazepam
C: 2h-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one, 7-chloro-1-(2-(diethylamino)ethyl)-5-(2-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro- (aka flurazepam)
D: 2h-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one, 7-chloro-5-(2-chlorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro- (aka chlordesmethyldiazepam)
E:... | B |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'This observation shows that clotiazepam can induce acute hepatitis and suggests that there is no cross hepatotoxicity between clotiazepam and several benzodiazepines.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'clotiazepam'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: 7-chloro 5-(2-chlorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro-2h-(1,4)-benzodiazepine-2-thione
B: 7-chloro-1,3-dihydro-1-methyl-5-phenyl-2h-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one (aka diazepam)
C: 1h-1,4-benzodiazepine, 7-chloro-2,3-dihydro-1-methyl-5-phenyl- (aka medazepam)
D: 2h-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one, 7-chloro-5-(2-chlorophenyl)-1,3-dihy... | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'This observation shows that clotiazepam can induce acute hepatitis and suggests that there is no cross hepatotoxicity between clotiazepam and several benzodiazepines.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'clotiazepam'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: 2h-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one, 7-chloro-1-(2-(diethylamino)ethyl)-5-(2-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro- (aka flurazepam)
B: 1-methyl-4-carbamoyl-5-phenyl-7-chloro-1,3,4,5-tetrahydro-2h-1,4-benzodiazepine-2-one (aka uxepam)
C: 4h-1,4-benzodiazepine-4-carboxamide, 7-chloro-1,2,3,5-tetrahydro-1-methyl-2-oxo-5-phenyl-... | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'This observation shows that clotiazepam can induce acute hepatitis and suggests that there is no cross hepatotoxicity between clotiazepam and several benzodiazepines.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'benzodiazepines'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: 1,2-diazabenzene (aka pyridazine)
B: n-desmethylquazepam
C: benzodiazepine (aka benzodiazepines)
D: benzodiazepinones
E: 4,5-dihydro-2,3-dimethyl-4-phenyl-3h-1,3-benzodiazepine
F: 1,4-diazepane
G: 1,4-benzodiazepine-2,5-dione (aka bz-423)
H: triazolo(4,3-d)benzodiazepine
I: 1,5-benzodiazepin-2-one
J: d-n-... | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Arterial hypertension as a complication of prolonged ketoconazole treatment.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'ketoconazole'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: ketoace (aka compound 20)
B: deacetylated ketoconazole (aka deacylketoconazole)
C: ketoconazole
D: ketocyclazocine (aka ketazocine)
E: oxyconazole (aka oxiconazole)
F: ketomycin
G: ketoscilium (aka fentonium)
H: 4-ketoniridazole
I: ketothiazole (aka alpha-ketothiazole)
J: 5-ketoclomazone
K: None of the ab... | C |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Two of 14 patients with Cushing's syndrome treated on a long-term basis with ketoconazole developed sustained hypertension.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'ketoconazole'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: ketothiazole (aka alpha-ketothiazole)
B: deacylketoconazole
C: oleoylketoconazole (aka ketoconazole oleate)
D: ketostix (aka nitroprusside)
E: oxyconazole (aka oxiconazole)
F: ketomycin
G: ketoconazole
H: ketocef (aka cefuroxime)
I: ketogin (aka ketobemidone, n,n-dimethyl-3,3-diphenyl-1-methylallylamine d... | G |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In both cases normal plasma and urinary free cortisol levels had been achieved following ketoconazole therapy, yet continuous blood pressure monitoring demonstrated hypertension 31 (patient 1) and 52 weeks (patient 2) after treatment.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding ... | <Options>: A: hah-cortisol (aka heparin adipic hydrazide-cortisol)
B: pregn-4-en-3-one, 11,20,21-trihydroxy-, (11beta)- (aka 20-dihydrocorticosterone)
C: cortisol-17 acid
D: pregn-4-ene-3,20-dione, 11,17,21-trihydroxy-, (+-)- (aka timodine)
E: horacort (aka budesonide)
F: cortol, (3beta,5alpha,11beta,20r)-isomer (aka c... | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In both cases normal plasma and urinary free cortisol levels had been achieved following ketoconazole therapy, yet continuous blood pressure monitoring demonstrated hypertension 31 (patient 1) and 52 weeks (patient 2) after treatment.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding ... | <Options>: A: oleoylketoconazole (aka ketoconazole oleate)
B: ketothiazole (aka alpha-ketothiazole)
C: oxyconazole (aka oxiconazole)
D: ketoace (aka compound 20)
E: ketoconazole
F: 5-ketoclomazone
G: ketocef (aka cefuroxime)
H: ketomycin
I: ketoscilium (aka fentonium)
J: ketocyclazocine (aka ketazocine)
K: None of the ... | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In patient 1, plasma levels of deoxycorticosterone and 11-deoxycortisol were elevated.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'deoxycorticosterone'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: 21-deoxycortisol, (9beta,10alpha,11alpha)-isomer (aka 21-deoxycortisol)
B: 11 deoxycortisol (aka cortodoxone)
C: tetrahydrodeoxycorticosterone, (3beta,5alpha)-isomer (aka tetrahydrodeoxycorticosterone)
D: 6-hydroxy-11-deoxycorticosterone
E: 17-deoxycortolonic acid
F: 5 alpha-dihydro-11-deoxycorticosterone... | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In patient 1, plasma levels of deoxycorticosterone and 11-deoxycortisol were elevated.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to '11-deoxycortisol'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: 21-deoxycortisol
B: 5 alpha-dihydro-11-deoxycorticosterone (aka hydroxydione)
C: 11-deoxycorticosterone-1-ene
D: 11-dehydrocorticosterone
E: tetrahydro-11-dehydrocorticosterone
F: 21-dehydrocortisol, (11alpha)-isomer (aka 21-dehydrocortisol)
G: 20-dihydro-11-deoxycortisol (aka 17,20,21-trihydroxy-4-pregne... | H |
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