instruction stringlengths 145 1.77k | input stringlengths 178 1.35k | response stringclasses 11 values |
|---|---|---|
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Similarly, serial transverse sectioning of whole mount embryos (E10-E12) and subsequent analysis of positively stained cells in the OFT region demonstrated that CNCCs deficient in Alk5 were capable of populating the PAAs, aortic sac and conotruncal ridges at a level comparable to that of controls (Fig 4).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'oft'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: epithelium of upper jaw (epithelial tissue of palatoquadrate arch) (aka epithelium of upper jaw)
B: spinal trigeminal nucleus, caudal part (aka caudal part of spinal trigeminal nucleus)
C: footplate epithelium (aka epithelium of footplate)
D: substantia innominata (reil, reichert) (aka substantia innominata)
E: corticopontine fibers set (aka corticopontine fibers)
F: lumbar sympathetic trunk (aka lumbar sympathetic nerve trunk)
G: primary motor cortex layer v (aka primary motor cortex layer 5)
H: tympanic membrane epithelium (tympanic membrane epithelial layer) (aka tympanic membrane epithelium)
I: pc (aka paracentral nucleus) (aka paracentral nucleus)
J: postcommissural fornix (aka postcommissural fornix of brain)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Similarly, serial transverse sectioning of whole mount embryos (E10-E12) and subsequent analysis of positively stained cells in the OFT region demonstrated that CNCCs deficient in Alk5 were capable of populating the PAAs, aortic sac and conotruncal ridges at a level comparable to that of controls (Fig 4).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'paas'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: roofplate of metencephalon (aka roof plate of metencephalon)
B: lamina lateralis processi pterygoideus ossis sphenoidalis (aka pterygoid bone)
C: central gray substance (substantia grisea centralis) (aka central gray substance)
D: isthmus of fornicate gyrus (aka isthmus of cingulate gyrus)
E: layer of muscle tissue
F: muscles of head (aka musculature of head)
G: oral part of the ventral lateral nucleus (aka oral part of ventral lateral nucleus)
H: laterodorsal nucleus thalamic nucleus (aka lateral dorsal nucleus)
I: roof plate of metepencephalon (aka roof plate of medulla oblongata)
J: nasal concha primordium (turbinate bone primordium) (aka nasal concha primordium)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'To conclude, the observed phenotypes in Alk5/Wnt1-Cre mutants were certainly not due to defective migration of CNCCs to the pharyngeal and outflow tract regions.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'pharyngeal'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: reproductive system of female organism gonad (aka female gonad)
B: urethral lamina propria (aka lamina propria of urethra)
C: embryonic notocord (aka notochord)
D: trunk of intercostal nerve (intercostal neural trunk) (aka trunk of intercostal nerve)
E: embryonic disc (aka blastodisc)
F: gastrointestinal system involuntary muscle (aka gastrointestinal system smooth muscle)
G: ceratobranchial 1 element
H: scarpa's nerve (aka nasopalatine nerve)
I: epithelial somite (aka somite)
J: lateral line placode (lateral line placodes) (aka lateral line placode)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'To conclude, the observed phenotypes in Alk5/Wnt1-Cre mutants were certainly not due to defective migration of CNCCs to the pharyngeal and outflow tract regions.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'outflow tract'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: flexor digitorum superficialis muscle (aka flexor digitorum superficialis)
B: digiti minimi (aka digit 5)
C: interdigital region between pedal digits iv and v (aka interdigital region between pedal digits 4 and 5)
D: digit 2 (autopod digit 2) (aka digit 2)
E: musculus supinator (aka supinator muscle)
F: digit 4 (autopod digit 4) (aka digit 4)
G: lobuli semilunares cerebelli (aka ansiform lobule)
H: paramedian lobule of the cerebellum (aka paramedian lobule)
I: surface of occiput (regio occipitalis (capitis)) (aka surface of occiput)
J: dewclaw (aka digit 1)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Figure 4
Normal cardiac NCC migration in Alk5/Wnt1-Cre mutants.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'cardiac'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: external oblique abdominal muscles (aka abdominal external oblique muscle)
B: adult abdomen (aka abdomen)
C: posterior hepatic segment i (aka caudate lobe of liver)
D: diaphragm mesothelium (aka mesothelium of diaphragm)
E: infundibulum of gallbladder (infundibulum vesicae biliaris) (aka infundibulum of gallbladder)
F: mammalian vulva (skin of female pudendum) (aka mammalian vulva)
G: da roof (aka ventral wall of dorsal aorta)
H: falciform fat depot (aka falciform fat)
I: villous of placenta (aka chorionic villus)
J: thoracic sympathetic ganglion (aka thoracic ganglion)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The OFT of controls (A, C, E) and Alk5/Wnt1-Cre mutants (B, D, F) display similar staining patterns when analyzed using the R26R lineage tracing assay at E11.0.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'oft'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: corticopontine fibers set (aka corticopontine fibers)
B: ampulla of the vas (aka ampullary gland)
C: lumbar sympathetic nerve trunk (lumbar sympathetic trunk) (aka lumbar sympathetic nerve trunk)
D: epithelium of upper jaw (epithelial tissue of palatoquadrate arch) (aka epithelium of upper jaw)
E: primary motor cortex layer v (aka primary motor cortex layer 5)
F: structure of postcentral sulcus (aka postcentral sulcus)
G: extensor pollicis longus (aka extensor pollicis longus muscle)
H: interstitial nucleus (aka interstitial nucleus of cajal)
I: spinal trigeminal nucleus, caudal part (aka caudal part of spinal trigeminal nucleus)
J: substantia innominata (reil, reichert) (aka substantia innominata)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'A-B, whole mount staining (left lateral image); C-F, transverse sections on the level of the 4th (C, D) and 6th (E, F) PAAs.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to '4th ... paas'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: future brain roof plate (aka roof plate of neural tube)
B: pharynx gland (aka pharyngeal gland)
C: roof plate of medulla oblonmgata (aka roof plate of medulla oblongata)
D: cervical spinal cord lateral column
E: spinal meninx (aka meninx of spinal cord)
F: epencephalon-2 roofplate (aka roof plate of metencephalon)
G: None of the above. | G |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'A-B, whole mount staining (left lateral image); C-F, transverse sections on the level of the 4th (C, D) and 6th (E, F) PAAs.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to '6th ... paas'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: medulla oblongata roof plate (aka roof plate of medulla oblongata)
B: platypus calcaneus spur (poisonous ankle spur) (aka platypus calcaneus spur)
C: neural tube roof plate (aka roof plate of neural tube)
D: roof plate midbrain region (aka roof plate of midbrain)
E: lamina spinalis v (aka lamina v of gray matter of spinal cord)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Aortic sac and aortico-pulmonary septal defects in Alk5/Wnt1Cre mutant embryos
Septation of the outflow tract lumen begins in a cranial-to-caudal direction, starting distally in the aortic sac and proceeding toward the heart', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'aortic sac'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: tensor tympani (musculus tensor tympani) (aka tensor tympani)
B: anterior subdivision of trunk (aka thoracic segment of trunk)
C: dorsal surface of penis (dorsum of penis) (aka dorsal surface of penis)
D: segment (aka organismal segment)
E: supralabial gland
F: oral region gland (aka oral gland)
G: arcuate vein (aka kidney arcuate vein)
H: mucosa of dorsum of tongue (mucosa of dorsal surface of tongue) (aka mucosa of dorsum of tongue)
I: duvernoy's gland
J: basibranchial 1 element
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Aortic sac and aortico-pulmonary septal defects in Alk5/Wnt1Cre mutant embryos
Septation of the outflow tract lumen begins in a cranial-to-caudal direction, starting distally in the aortic sac and proceeding toward the heart', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'aortico-pulmonary septal'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: musculus flexor digitorum superficialis (aka flexor digitorum superficialis)
B: tract of descending root of trigeminal (aka spinal trigeminal tract)
C: musculus obliquus inferior bulbi (aka inferior oblique extraocular muscle)
D: inflow tract (aka sinus venosus)
E: fossa maxillaris (maxillary saddle) (aka fossa maxillaris)
F: spinal reticular nucleus (aka spinal cord reticular nucleus)
G: inferior parietal gyrus (aka inferior parietal cortex)
H: hip region epithelium (aka epithelium of hip)
I: stomach pyloric region submucosa (aka submucosa of pylorus)
J: None of the above. | J |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Aortic sac and aortico-pulmonary septal defects in Alk5/Wnt1Cre mutant embryos
Septation of the outflow tract lumen begins in a cranial-to-caudal direction, starting distally in the aortic sac and proceeding toward the heart', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'embryos'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: ureteric diverticulum (aka ureteric bud)
B: occipito atlantal joint (aka atlanto-occipital joint)
C: permanent second molar tooth (aka permanent molar tooth 2)
D: cerebral medulla (aka cerebral subcortex)
E: bone marrow stroma (aka stroma of bone marrow)
F: secreted substance (aka bodily secretion)
G: post-optic commissure (aka postoptic commissure)
H: internal carotid plexus (aka internal carotid nerve plexus)
I: stratum basale of epidermis (stratum germinosum of epidermis) (aka stratum basale of epidermis)
J: va (aka ventral anterior nucleus of thalamus) (aka ventral anterior nucleus of thalamus)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Aortic sac and aortico-pulmonary septal defects in Alk5/Wnt1Cre mutant embryos
Septation of the outflow tract lumen begins in a cranial-to-caudal direction, starting distally in the aortic sac and proceeding toward the heart', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'outflow tract'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: interdigital region between pedal digits iv and v (aka interdigital region between pedal digits 4 and 5)
B: surface of occiput (regio occipitalis (capitis)) (aka surface of occiput)
C: lobuli semilunares cerebelli (aka ansiform lobule)
D: digit 2 (autopod digit 2) (aka digit 2)
E: digit 1 (autopod digit 1) (aka digit 1)
F: autopod digit 4 (aka digit 4)
G: limb digit 5 (aka digit 5)
H: supinator muscle (musculus supinator) (aka supinator muscle)
I: flexor digitorum superficialis muscle (aka flexor digitorum superficialis)
J: paramedian lobule of the cerebellum (aka paramedian lobule)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Aortic sac and aortico-pulmonary septal defects in Alk5/Wnt1Cre mutant embryos
Septation of the outflow tract lumen begins in a cranial-to-caudal direction, starting distally in the aortic sac and proceeding toward the heart', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'aortic sac'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: palatine process of premaxilla (pars palatina of premaxilla) (aka palatine process of premaxilla)
B: supralabial gland
C: oral region gland (aka oral gland)
D: duvernoy's gland
E: cerebellar vermis (vermal parts of the cerebellum) (aka cerebellar vermis)
F: tensor tympani (musculus tensor tympani) (aka tensor tympani)
G: mucosa of dorsum of tongue (mucosa of dorsal surface of tongue) (aka mucosa of dorsum of tongue)
H: basibranchial 1 element
I: anterior subdivision of trunk (aka thoracic segment of trunk)
J: hindquarter (aka sacral region)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Aortic sac and aortico-pulmonary septal defects in Alk5/Wnt1Cre mutant embryos
Septation of the outflow tract lumen begins in a cranial-to-caudal direction, starting distally in the aortic sac and proceeding toward the heart', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'heart'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: dp joint (aka ventral wall of dorsal aorta)
B: falciform fat (falciform ligament fat pad) (aka falciform fat)
C: embryonic part of placenta (aka chorionic villus)
D: abdominopelvic region (aka abdomen)
E: mammalian vulva (skin of female pudendum) (aka mammalian vulva)
F: infundibulum of gallbladder (infundibulum vesicae biliaris) (aka infundibulum of gallbladder)
G: left main bronchus (bronchus principalis sinister) (aka left main bronchus)
H: autopod hair (hair of hand/foot) (aka autopod hair)
I: vaginae (aka vagina)
J: posterior hepatic segment i (aka caudate lobe of liver)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Initially, the condensed mesenchyme derived from the NC forms in the base of the aortic sac between the origins of 4th and 6th PAAs.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mesenchyme'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: principal bronchus endothelium (aka endothelium of main bronchus)
B: thymus gland lymphoid tissue (aka thymus lymphoid tissue)
C: right lung lobar bronchus mesenchyme
D: epibranchial ganglia (aka epibranchial ganglion)
E: mesentery of stomach (mesentery of ventriculus) (aka mesentery of stomach)
F: right lung middle lobe lobar bronchus mesenchyme
G: superior oblique extraocular muscle (dorsal oblique extraocular muscles) (aka superior oblique extraocular muscle)
H: foramen of skull (foramina of the skull) (aka foramen of skull)
I: epithelial tissue of reissner's canal (aka epithelium of cochlear duct)
J: pillow (aka polster)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Initially, the condensed mesenchyme derived from the NC forms in the base of the aortic sac between the origins of 4th and 6th PAAs.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'aortic sac'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: segment (aka organismal segment)
B: duvernoy's gland
C: mucosa of dorsum of tongue (mucosa of dorsal surface of tongue) (aka mucosa of dorsum of tongue)
D: supralabial gland
E: dorsum of penis (aka dorsal surface of penis)
F: dorsal patch of leydig's organ
G: cerebellar vermis (vermal parts of the cerebellum) (aka cerebellar vermis)
H: infralabial gland
I: oral region gland (aka oral gland)
J: anterior subdivision of trunk (aka thoracic segment of trunk)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Initially, the condensed mesenchyme derived from the NC forms in the base of the aortic sac between the origins of 4th and 6th PAAs.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'nc'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: spinal cord white substance (aka white matter of spinal cord)
B: facial vii nucleus (aka facial nucleus)
C: muscle organ of anterior thoracic region (aka chest muscle)
D: lateral nucleus of cerebellum (aka dentate nucleus)
E: olivary body (olivary nucleus) (aka olivary body)
F: 1st arch mandibular component (ventral pharyngeal arch 1) (aka 1st arch mandibular component)
G: cartilage of sternum (aka cartilage tissue of sternum)
H: manual digit 7 (fore limb digit 7) (aka manual digit 7)
I: 8-cell stage (aka 8 cell stage)
J: epithelium of colon (aka colonic epithelium)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Initially, the condensed mesenchyme derived from the NC forms in the base of the aortic sac between the origins of 4th and 6th PAAs.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to '4th ... paas'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: metencephalon roof plate (aka roof plate of metencephalon)
B: meninges of spinal cord (aka meninx of spinal cord)
C: pharyngeal gland (glandulae pharyngeae) (aka pharyngeal gland)
D: roof plate of medulla oblongata (roof plate of medulla oblonmgata) (aka roof plate of medulla oblongata)
E: cervical spinal cord lateral column
F: future brain roof plate (aka roof plate of neural tube)
G: None of the above. | G |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Initially, the condensed mesenchyme derived from the NC forms in the base of the aortic sac between the origins of 4th and 6th PAAs.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to '6th paas'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: kidney marrow (aka head kidney)
B: roof plate of metepencephalon (aka roof plate of medulla oblongata)
C: midbrain roof plate (aka roof plate of midbrain)
D: roof plate neural tube (aka roof plate of neural tube)
E: rexed's lamina v (aka lamina v of gray matter of spinal cord)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Subsequently, two prongs of the developing aortico-pulmonary (AP) septum extend into the truncal cushions and the aortico-pulmonary septation complex crosses the aortic sac cranially.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'aortico-pulmonary ... septum'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: sinus venarum (aka sinus venosus)
B: reticular nucleus of the spinal cord (aka spinal cord reticular nucleus)
C: submucosa of pylorus (submucosa of pyloric part of stomach) (aka submucosa of pylorus)
D: cuticle of hair (hair cuticle) (aka cuticle of hair)
E: cortex of coat hair (aka cortex of hair)
F: epithelium of regio coxae (aka epithelium of hip)
G: ventral oblique extraocular muscles (aka inferior oblique extraocular muscle)
H: viscera (aka viscus)
I: sub-tegumental tissue (aka hypodermis)
J: inferior parietal gyrus (aka inferior parietal cortex)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Subsequently, two prongs of the developing aortico-pulmonary (AP) septum extend into the truncal cushions and the aortico-pulmonary septation complex crosses the aortic sac cranially.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'aortico-pulmonary septation complex'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: inflow tract (aka sinus venosus)
B: external arcuate fibers (aka dorsal external arcuate fiber bundle)
C: cerebral flexure (aka cephalic midbrain flexure)
D: reticular nucleus of the spinal cord (aka spinal cord reticular nucleus)
E: stomach pyloric region submucosa (aka submucosa of pylorus)
F: subparietal district (aka inferior parietal cortex)
G: lumen of laryngopharynx (laryngopharynx lumen) (aka lumen of laryngopharynx)
H: bipartite uterus
I: ventral oblique extraocular muscle (aka inferior oblique extraocular muscle)
J: musculus flexor digitorum superficialis (aka flexor digitorum superficialis)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Subsequently, two prongs of the developing aortico-pulmonary (AP) septum extend into the truncal cushions and the aortico-pulmonary septation complex crosses the aortic sac cranially.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'aortic sac'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: early primitive heart tube (aka primitive heart tube)
B: supralabial gland
C: tensor tympani (musculus tensor tympani) (aka tensor tympani)
D: hindquarter (aka sacral region)
E: oral region gland (aka oral gland)
F: dorsal patch of leydig's organ
G: cerebellar vermis (vermal parts of the cerebellum) (aka cerebellar vermis)
H: duvernoy's gland
I: basibranchial 1 element
J: infralabial gland
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Subsequently, two prongs of the developing aortico-pulmonary (AP) septum extend into the truncal cushions and the aortico-pulmonary septation complex crosses the aortic sac cranially.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'truncal'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: neural ectoderm (aka neurectoderm)
B: crypt epithelium (aka epithelium of crypt of lieberkuhn)
C: crico-pharyngeal ligament (aka cricopharyngeal ligament)
D: posterior pillar of fornix (aka posterior column of fornix)
E: gastrointestinal sphincter
F: glottis
G: corpus albicans of ovary (aka corpus albicans)
H: medulla oblongata basal plate (aka basal plate medulla oblongata)
I: plica palpebronasalis (aka epicanthal fold)
J: thyroepiglottic ligament (ligamentum thyroepiglotticum) (aka thyroepiglottic ligament)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In ink-injected control embryos at E11.5, a characteristic conotruncal transition separating the truncus and conus could be seen as a twisted configuration, resulting from a change in orientation of the truncal and conal cushions (Fig. 5).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'embryos'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: permanent second molar tooth (aka permanent molar tooth 2)
B: internal carotid plexus (aka internal carotid nerve plexus)
C: occipito atlantal joint (aka atlanto-occipital joint)
D: secreted substance (aka bodily secretion)
E: bone marrow stroma (aka stroma of bone marrow)
F: subcortex (aka cerebral subcortex)
G: va (aka ventral anterior nucleus of thalamus) (aka ventral anterior nucleus of thalamus)
H: post-optic commissure (aka postoptic commissure)
I: gemma ureterica (aka ureteric bud)
J: epidermis stratum germinativum (aka stratum basale of epidermis)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In ink-injected control embryos at E11.5, a characteristic conotruncal transition separating the truncus and conus could be seen as a twisted configuration, resulting from a change in orientation of the truncal and conal cushions (Fig. 5).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'truncus'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: airway (aka respiratory airway)
B: gall bladder epithelium (aka epithelium of gall bladder)
C: crypt epithelium (aka epithelium of crypt of lieberkuhn)
D: posterior crus of fornix (aka posterior column of fornix)
E: medulla oblongata basal plate (aka basal plate medulla oblongata)
F: gastrointestinal sphincter
G: right atrium of heart (aka right cardiac atrium)
H: neuroectoderm (aka neurectoderm)
I: crico-pharyngeal ligament (aka cricopharyngeal ligament)
J: hair cortex (aka cortex of hair)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In ink-injected control embryos at E11.5, a characteristic conotruncal transition separating the truncus and conus could be seen as a twisted configuration, resulting from a change in orientation of the truncal and conal cushions (Fig. 5).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'conus'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: dorsal digital artery (set of dorsal digital arteries) (aka dorsal digital artery)
B: dorsal digital artery of hand (aka dorsal digital artery of manus)
C: primitive groove
D: digit 3 (autopod digit 3) (aka digit 3)
E: cerebral falx (aka falx cerebri)
F: cerebellar glomeruli (aka cerebellar glomerulus)
G: multi-limb segment region
H: adrenal gland/interrenal tissue (aka adrenal/interrenal gland)
I: nucleus hypothalami paraventricularis (aka paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus)
J: metanephridium
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In ink-injected control embryos at E11.5, a characteristic conotruncal transition separating the truncus and conus could be seen as a twisted configuration, resulting from a change in orientation of the truncal and conal cushions (Fig. 5).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'conotruncal'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: multi-limb segment region
B: pericardial cavity meso-epithelium (aka mesothelium of pericardial cavity)
C: dorsal digital artery of hand (aka dorsal digital artery of manus)
D: superior mesenteric ganglia (aka superior mesenteric ganglion)
E: occiput surface (aka surface of occiput)
F: primitive groove
G: nucleus hypothalami paraventricularis (aka paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus)
H: digit 7 ray (aka digit 7 plus metapodial segment)
I: digit 3 (autopod digit 3) (aka digit 3)
J: cerebral falx (aka falx cerebri)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In ink-injected control embryos at E11.5, a characteristic conotruncal transition separating the truncus and conus could be seen as a twisted configuration, resulting from a change in orientation of the truncal and conal cushions (Fig. 5).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'truncal'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: ligamentum cricopharyngeum (aka cricopharyngeal ligament)
B: gastrointestinal sphincter
C: medulla oblongata basal plate (aka basal plate medulla oblongata)
D: right atrium of heart (aka right cardiac atrium)
E: crypt epithelium (aka epithelium of crypt of lieberkuhn)
F: thyroepiglottic ligament (ligamentum thyroepiglotticum) (aka thyroepiglottic ligament)
G: secondary follicle of ovary (aka secondary ovarian follicle)
H: crus of fornix (aka posterior column of fornix)
I: neural ectoderm (aka neurectoderm)
J: hair cortex (aka cortex of hair)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In ink-injected control embryos at E11.5, a characteristic conotruncal transition separating the truncus and conus could be seen as a twisted configuration, resulting from a change in orientation of the truncal and conal cushions (Fig. 5).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'conal'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: digit ii (aka digit 2)
B: nucleus hypothalami paraventricularis (aka paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus)
C: ganglion mesentericum superius (aka superior mesenteric ganglion)
D: dorsal digital artery (aka dorsal digital artery of manus)
E: entopeduncular nucleus (aka medial globus pallidus)
F: dorsal digital artery (set of dorsal digital arteries) (aka dorsal digital artery)
G: cerebral falx (aka falx cerebri)
H: cerebellar glomeruli (aka cerebellar glomerulus)
I: primitive groove
J: hypodermis (aka outer epithelium)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In contrast, in Alk5/Wnt1-Cre mutants the outflow tract appeared unusually straight, failing to demonstrate the distinct conotruncal transition (Fig.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'outflow tract'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: lobuli semilunares cerebelli (aka ansiform lobule)
B: interdigital region between pedal digits iv and v (aka interdigital region between pedal digits 4 and 5)
C: fourth digit (aka digit 4)
D: supinator muscle (musculus supinator) (aka supinator muscle)
E: digiti minimi (aka digit 5)
F: surface of occiput (regio occipitalis (capitis)) (aka surface of occiput)
G: lobule viiib (pyramis and biventral lobule, posterior part) (aka paramedian lobule)
H: digit 2 (autopod digit 2) (aka digit 2)
I: flexor digitorum superficialis muscle (aka flexor digitorum superficialis)
J: autopod digit 1 (aka digit 1)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In contrast, in Alk5/Wnt1-Cre mutants the outflow tract appeared unusually straight, failing to demonstrate the distinct conotruncal transition (Fig.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'conotruncal'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: cerebral falx (aka falx cerebri)
B: nucleus hypothalami paraventricularis (aka paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus)
C: primitive groove
D: occiput surface (aka surface of occiput)
E: digit 7 ray (aka digit 7 plus metapodial segment)
F: autopod digit 2 (aka digit 2)
G: dorsal digital artery (set of dorsal digital arteries) (aka dorsal digital artery)
H: dorsal digital artery (aka dorsal digital artery of manus)
I: ganglion mesentericum superius (aka superior mesenteric ganglion)
J: multi-limb segment region
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'This assay also clearly showed a dramatic reduction in the size of the aortic sac.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'aortic sac'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: dorsal surface of penis (dorsum of penis) (aka dorsal surface of penis)
B: duvernoy's gland
C: anterior subdivision of trunk (aka thoracic segment of trunk)
D: supralabial gland
E: cerebellar vermis (vermal parts of the cerebellum) (aka cerebellar vermis)
F: basibranchial 1 element
G: palatine process of premaxilla (pars palatina of premaxilla) (aka palatine process of premaxilla)
H: mucosa of dorsum of tongue (mucosa of dorsal surface of tongue) (aka mucosa of dorsum of tongue)
I: infralabial gland
J: segment (aka organismal segment)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Histological analysis of control samples displayed the characteristic rotation of the aortic sac and truncal OFT at the level where the AP septation takes place and verified the presence of the distinctive condensed AP-septal mesenchyme, which gradually divided the OFT to the aorta and the pulmonary trunk (asterisks in Fig.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'aortic sac'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: oral region gland (aka oral gland)
B: dorsal patch of leydig's organ
C: dorsum of penis (aka dorsal surface of penis)
D: mucosa of dorsum of tongue (mucosa of dorsal surface of tongue) (aka mucosa of dorsum of tongue)
E: arcuate vein (aka kidney arcuate vein)
F: segment (aka organismal segment)
G: supralabial gland
H: infralabial gland
I: croup (aka sacral region)
J: early primitive heart tube (aka primitive heart tube)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Histological analysis of control samples displayed the characteristic rotation of the aortic sac and truncal OFT at the level where the AP septation takes place and verified the presence of the distinctive condensed AP-septal mesenchyme, which gradually divided the OFT to the aorta and the pulmonary trunk (asterisks in Fig.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'aorta'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: arcuate vein (aka kidney arcuate vein)
B: supreme turbinate (aka supreme nasal concha)
C: endoderm of foregut (foregut endoderm) (aka endoderm of foregut)
D: segment (aka organismal segment)
E: middle turbinate (aka middle nasal concha)
F: inferior nasal concha (inferior nasal turbinate bone) (aka inferior nasal concha)
G: tensor tympani muscle (aka tensor tympani)
H: jaw adductor muscle (aka temporalis muscle)
I: tympanic part (aka tympanic plate)
J: cerebellar vermis (vermal parts of the cerebellum) (aka cerebellar vermis)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Histological analysis of control samples displayed the characteristic rotation of the aortic sac and truncal OFT at the level where the AP septation takes place and verified the presence of the distinctive condensed AP-septal mesenchyme, which gradually divided the OFT to the aorta and the pulmonary trunk (asterisks in Fig.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'pulmonary trunk'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: fore autopod skeleton (aka skeleton of manus)
B: eminentia mediana (aka median eminence of neurohypophysis)
C: respiratory system organ (aka respiration organ)
D: airway (aka respiratory airway)
E: panniculus carnosus (aka hypodermis skeletal muscle layer)
F: hair cortex (aka cortex of hair)
G: claustrum (aka claustrum of brain)
H: dermal-epidermal junction (aka epidermal-dermal junction)
I: vertebra bone (aka vertebra)
J: cervical vertebra (vertebrae cervicales) (aka cervical vertebra)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Histological analysis of control samples displayed the characteristic rotation of the aortic sac and truncal OFT at the level where the AP septation takes place and verified the presence of the distinctive condensed AP-septal mesenchyme, which gradually divided the OFT to the aorta and the pulmonary trunk (asterisks in Fig.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'oft'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: extensor pollicis longus (aka extensor pollicis longus muscle)
B: postcommissural fornix (aka postcommissural fornix of brain)
C: primary motor cortex layer v (aka primary motor cortex layer 5)
D: spinal trigeminal nucleus, caudal part (aka caudal part of spinal trigeminal nucleus)
E: cremasteric artery (cremasteric part of inferior epigastric artery) (aka cremasteric artery)
F: interstitial nucleus (aka interstitial nucleus of cajal)
G: tympanic membrane epithelium (tympanic membrane epithelial layer) (aka tympanic membrane epithelium)
H: structure of postcentral sulcus (aka postcentral sulcus)
I: footplate epithelium (aka epithelium of footplate)
J: corticopontine fibers set (aka corticopontine fibers)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Histological analysis of control samples displayed the characteristic rotation of the aortic sac and truncal OFT at the level where the AP septation takes place and verified the presence of the distinctive condensed AP-septal mesenchyme, which gradually divided the OFT to the aorta and the pulmonary trunk (asterisks in Fig.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'ap-septal'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: camera anterior bulbi oculi (aka anterior chamber of eyeball)
B: mandibular ramus (ramus of mandible) (aka mandibular ramus)
C: aurelia (aka pupa)
D: anal sac (aka gland of anal canal)
E: knee epithelial tissue (aka epithelium of knee)
F: tract of descending root of trigeminal (aka spinal trigeminal tract)
G: cuticle of hair (hair cuticle) (aka cuticle of hair)
H: jejunal epithelium (epithelium of jejunum) (aka jejunal epithelium)
I: musculus flexor digitorum superficialis (aka flexor digitorum superficialis)
J: jejunum mucosa (aka jejunal mucosa)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Histological analysis of control samples displayed the characteristic rotation of the aortic sac and truncal OFT at the level where the AP septation takes place and verified the presence of the distinctive condensed AP-septal mesenchyme, which gradually divided the OFT to the aorta and the pulmonary trunk (asterisks in Fig.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mesenchyme'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: mesentery of stomach (mesentery of ventriculus) (aka mesentery of stomach)
B: oblique ridge of crown of tooth (aka oblique ridge of tooth)
C: foramina of the skull (aka foramen of skull)
D: pillow (aka polster)
E: endothelium of primary bronchus (aka endothelium of main bronchus)
F: thymus gland lymphoid tissue (aka thymus lymphoid tissue)
G: epithelial tissue of reissner's canal (aka epithelium of cochlear duct)
H: prostatic acinus (aka prostate glandular acinus)
I: right thalamus (aka right dorsal thalamus)
J: right lung lobar bronchus mesenchyme
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Histological analysis of control samples displayed the characteristic rotation of the aortic sac and truncal OFT at the level where the AP septation takes place and verified the presence of the distinctive condensed AP-septal mesenchyme, which gradually divided the OFT to the aorta and the pulmonary trunk (asterisks in Fig.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'oft'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: substantia innominata (reil, reichert) (aka substantia innominata)
B: primary motor cortex layer v (aka primary motor cortex layer 5)
C: tympanic membrane epithelium (tympanic membrane epithelial layer) (aka tympanic membrane epithelium)
D: lumbar sympathetic nerve trunk (lumbar sympathetic trunk) (aka lumbar sympathetic nerve trunk)
E: pc (aka paracentral nucleus) (aka paracentral nucleus)
F: postcommissural fornix (aka postcommissural fornix of brain)
G: structure of postcentral sulcus (aka postcentral sulcus)
H: interstitial nucleus (aka interstitial nucleus of cajal)
I: corticopontine fibers of pons (aka corticopontine fibers)
J: spinal trigeminal nucleus, caudal part (aka caudal part of spinal trigeminal nucleus)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Histological analysis of control samples displayed the characteristic rotation of the aortic sac and truncal OFT at the level where the AP septation takes place and verified the presence of the distinctive condensed AP-septal mesenchyme, which gradually divided the OFT to the aorta and the pulmonary trunk (asterisks in Fig.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'truncal'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: hair cortex (aka cortex of hair)
B: gastrointestinal sphincter
C: corpus fibrosum (aka corpus albicans)
D: crico-pharyngeal ligament (aka cricopharyngeal ligament)
E: plica palpebronasalis (aka epicanthal fold)
F: crypt epithelium (aka epithelium of crypt of lieberkuhn)
G: posterior crus of fornix (aka posterior column of fornix)
H: thyroepiglottic ligament (ligamentum thyroepiglotticum) (aka thyroepiglottic ligament)
I: glottis
J: secondary follicle of ovary (aka secondary ovarian follicle)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'R26R lineage tracing showed that this tissue is derived from the NC, while immunostaining for α-SMA showed differentiation into smooth muscle (Fig 6B).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'tissue'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: right lung cranial lobe (aka upper lobe of right lung)
B: mucus-secreting gland (aka mucous gland)
C: nuclei ventrales mediales thalami (aka ventral medial complex of thalamus)
D: wall of gut (aka gut wall)
E: endopeduncular nucleus (nucleus endopeduncularis) (aka endopeduncular nucleus)
F: levator scapulæ (aka levator scapulae muscle)
G: somite border (intersomitic junction) (aka somite border)
H: corpus wolffi (aka mesonephros)
I: bronchus basal lamina (basal lamina of connective tissue of bronchial trunk) (aka bronchus basal lamina)
J: dentigerous process (torus dentigerous) (aka dentigerous process)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'R26R lineage tracing showed that this tissue is derived from the NC, while immunostaining for α-SMA showed differentiation into smooth muscle (Fig 6B).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'smooth muscle'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: forearm muscle (aka forelimb zeugopod muscle)
B: thigh muscle (aka hindlimb stylopod muscle)
C: middle limb segment of inferior member skin (aka lower leg skin)
D: spiegelian lobe (aka caudate lobe of liver)
E: coracoideum (aka coracoid bone)
F: skin of arm stylopod (aka upper arm skin)
G: integumental system muscle (aka skin muscle)
H: granular insular cortex (granular-isocortical insula) (aka granular insular cortex)
I: equine forelimb distal phalanx (aka distal phalanx of manual digit 3)
J: cranial dura mater (aka brain dura mater)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'R26R lineage tracing showed that this tissue is derived from the NC, while immunostaining for α-SMA showed differentiation into smooth muscle (Fig 6B).', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'nc'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: cartilage tissue of sternum (cartilage of sternum) (aka cartilage tissue of sternum)
B: 1st arch mandibular component (ventral pharyngeal arch 1) (aka 1st arch mandibular component)
C: facial vii nucleus (aka facial nucleus)
D: muscle organ of anterior thoracic region (aka chest muscle)
E: sa node (aka sinoatrial node)
F: manual digit 7 (fore limb digit 7) (aka manual digit 7)
G: eight-cell stage (aka 8 cell stage)
H: olivary body (olivary nucleus) (aka olivary body)
I: lateral nucleus of cerebellum (aka dentate nucleus)
J: epithelium of large bowel (aka colonic epithelium)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In Alk5/Wnt1-Cre mutants the characteristic rotation of the aortic sac and truncal OFT fails to take place (Fig.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'aortic sac'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: oral region gland (aka oral gland)
B: arcuate veins (aka kidney arcuate vein)
C: supralabial gland
D: segment (aka organismal segment)
E: tensor tympani (musculus tensor tympani) (aka tensor tympani)
F: tympanic part (aka tympanic plate)
G: early primitive heart tube (aka primitive heart tube)
H: dorsal patch of leydig's organ
I: mucosa of dorsum of tongue (mucosa of dorsal surface of tongue) (aka mucosa of dorsum of tongue)
J: croup (aka sacral region)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In Alk5/Wnt1-Cre mutants the characteristic rotation of the aortic sac and truncal OFT fails to take place (Fig.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'oft'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: structure of postcentral sulcus (aka postcentral sulcus)
B: substantia innominata (reil, reichert) (aka substantia innominata)
C: cremasteric artery (cremasteric part of inferior epigastric artery) (aka cremasteric artery)
D: ampulla of the vas (aka ampullary gland)
E: tympanic membrane epithelium (tympanic membrane epithelial layer) (aka tympanic membrane epithelium)
F: footplate epithelium (aka epithelium of footplate)
G: postcommissural fornix (aka postcommissural fornix of brain)
H: spinal trigeminal nucleus, caudal part (aka caudal part of spinal trigeminal nucleus)
I: corticopontine fibers set (aka corticopontine fibers)
J: lumbar sympathetic trunk (aka lumbar sympathetic nerve trunk)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In Alk5/Wnt1-Cre mutants the characteristic rotation of the aortic sac and truncal OFT fails to take place (Fig.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'truncal'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: secondary follicle of ovary (aka secondary ovarian follicle)
B: plica palpebronasalis (aka epicanthal fold)
C: hair cortex (aka cortex of hair)
D: crypt epithelium (aka epithelium of crypt of lieberkuhn)
E: medulla oblongata basal plate (aka basal plate medulla oblongata)
F: glottis
G: thyroepiglottic ligament (ligamentum thyroepiglotticum) (aka thyroepiglottic ligament)
H: crico-pharyngeal ligament (aka cricopharyngeal ligament)
I: corpus mamillare (aka corpus albicans)
J: neural ectoderm (aka neurectoderm)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context '6G–L), and a properly formed AP-septum was not detectable (Fig.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'ap-septum'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: musculus flexor digitorum superficialis (aka flexor digitorum superficialis)
B: viscera (aka viscus)
C: epithelium of regio coxae (aka epithelium of hip)
D: subtegumental tissue (aka hypodermis)
E: camera anterior bulbi oculi (aka anterior chamber of eyeball)
F: epithelium of jejunum (aka jejunal epithelium)
G: submucosa of pylorus (submucosa of pyloric part of stomach) (aka submucosa of pylorus)
H: aurelia (aka pupa)
I: mandibular ramus (ramus of mandible) (aka mandibular ramus)
J: mesenchyme of lactiferous gland (aka mesenchyme of mammary gland)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'R26R lineage tracing demonstrated that the defects were not due to failure of NCCs to reach the OFT region.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'oft'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: lumbar sympathetic nerve trunk (lumbar sympathetic trunk) (aka lumbar sympathetic nerve trunk)
B: musculus extensor pollicis longus (aka extensor pollicis longus muscle)
C: corticopontine fibers of pons (aka corticopontine fibers)
D: cremasteric artery (cremasteric part of inferior epigastric artery) (aka cremasteric artery)
E: pc (aka paracentral nucleus) (aka paracentral nucleus)
F: structure of postcentral sulcus (aka postcentral sulcus)
G: interstitial nucleus (aka interstitial nucleus of cajal)
H: tympanic membrane epithelium (tympanic membrane epithelial layer) (aka tympanic membrane epithelium)
I: ampulla of the vas (aka ampullary gland)
J: substantia innominata (reil, reichert) (aka substantia innominata)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'NC-derived cells around the abnomally bifurcated aortic sac, the abnormally large sixth PAAs and the truncus demonstrated strong αSMA staining (Fig.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'aortic sac'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: oral region gland (aka oral gland)
B: croup (aka sacral region)
C: dorsal patch of leydig's organ
D: infralabial gland
E: duvernoy's gland
F: palatine process of premaxilla (pars palatina of premaxilla) (aka palatine process of premaxilla)
G: mucosa of dorsum of tongue (mucosa of dorsal surface of tongue) (aka mucosa of dorsum of tongue)
H: basibranchial 1 element
I: supralabial gland
J: anterior subdivision of trunk (aka thoracic segment of trunk)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'NC-derived cells around the abnomally bifurcated aortic sac, the abnormally large sixth PAAs and the truncus demonstrated strong αSMA staining (Fig.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'sixth paas'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: roof plate of midbrain (roof plate midbrain region) (aka roof plate of midbrain)
B: kidney marrow (aka head kidney)
C: neural tube roofplate (aka roof plate of neural tube)
D: roofplate of metencephalon (aka roof plate of metencephalon)
E: roof plate medulla oblongata (aka roof plate of medulla oblongata)
F: platypus calcaneus spur (poisonous ankle spur) (aka platypus calcaneus spur)
G: None of the above. | G |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'NC-derived cells around the abnomally bifurcated aortic sac, the abnormally large sixth PAAs and the truncus demonstrated strong αSMA staining (Fig.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'truncus'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: spinal cord pia mater (pia mater of neuraxis of spinal cord) (aka spinal cord pia mater)
B: gastrointestinal sphincter
C: crico-pharyngeal ligament (aka cricopharyngeal ligament)
D: neuroectoderm (aka neurectoderm)
E: airway (aka respiratory airway)
F: gall bladder epithelium (aka epithelium of gall bladder)
G: thoracic segment of trunk (anterior subdivision of trunk) (aka thoracic segment of trunk)
H: hair cortex (aka cortex of hair)
I: posterior crus of fornix (aka posterior column of fornix)
J: crypt epithelium (aka epithelium of crypt of lieberkuhn)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'NC-derived cells around the abnomally bifurcated aortic sac, the abnormally large sixth PAAs and the truncus demonstrated strong αSMA staining (Fig.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'nc'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: facial vii nucleus (aka facial nucleus)
B: 1st arch mandibular component (ventral pharyngeal arch 1) (aka 1st arch mandibular component)
C: eight-cell stage (aka 8 cell stage)
D: spinal cord white substance (aka white matter of spinal cord)
E: muscle organ of anterior thoracic region (aka chest muscle)
F: olivary body (olivary nucleus) (aka olivary body)
G: sa node (aka sinoatrial node)
H: manual digit 7 (fore limb digit 7) (aka manual digit 7)
I: cartilage tissue of sternum (cartilage of sternum) (aka cartilage tissue of sternum)
J: epithelium of large bowel (aka colonic epithelium)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Recently, we showed that the NC-specific mutants of the related type I receptor, Alk2, display PTA as well [12].', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'nc'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: cartilage tissue of sternum (cartilage of sternum) (aka cartilage tissue of sternum)
B: muscle organ of anterior thoracic region (aka chest muscle)
C: colon epithelial tissue (aka colonic epithelium)
D: sinus node (aka sinoatrial node)
E: olivary body (olivary nucleus) (aka olivary body)
F: spinal cord white substance (aka white matter of spinal cord)
G: ventral pharyngeal arch 1 (aka 1st arch mandibular component)
H: facial vii nucleus (aka facial nucleus)
I: lateral nucleus of cerebellum (aka dentate nucleus)
J: 8-cell stage (aka 8 cell stage)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In Alk2/Wnt1-Cre mutants, the rotation of the aortic sac and truncal OFT failed to occur (Fig.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'aortic sac'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: tympanic part (aka tympanic plate)
B: supralabial gland
C: tensor tympani (musculus tensor tympani) (aka tensor tympani)
D: anterior subdivision of trunk (aka thoracic segment of trunk)
E: basibranchial 1 element
F: dorsal surface of penis (dorsum of penis) (aka dorsal surface of penis)
G: dorsal patch of leydig's organ
H: arcuate vein (aka kidney arcuate vein)
I: hindquarter (aka sacral region)
J: cerebellar vermis (vermal parts of the cerebellum) (aka cerebellar vermis)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In Alk2/Wnt1-Cre mutants, the rotation of the aortic sac and truncal OFT failed to occur (Fig.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'oft'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: extensor pollicis longis (aka extensor pollicis longus muscle)
B: lumbar sympathetic trunk (aka lumbar sympathetic nerve trunk)
C: structure of postcentral sulcus (aka postcentral sulcus)
D: corticopontine fibers of pons (aka corticopontine fibers)
E: pc (aka paracentral nucleus) (aka paracentral nucleus)
F: tympanic membrane epithelium (tympanic membrane epithelial layer) (aka tympanic membrane epithelium)
G: ampulla of the vas (aka ampullary gland)
H: primary motor cortex layer v (aka primary motor cortex layer 5)
I: epithelium of upper jaw (epithelial tissue of palatoquadrate arch) (aka epithelium of upper jaw)
J: postcommissural fornix (aka postcommissural fornix of brain)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In Alk2/Wnt1-Cre mutants, the rotation of the aortic sac and truncal OFT failed to occur (Fig.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'truncal'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: neural ectoderm (aka neurectoderm)
B: crypt epithelium (aka epithelium of crypt of lieberkuhn)
C: gastrointestinal sphincter
D: thyroepiglottic ligament (ligamentum thyroepiglotticum) (aka thyroepiglottic ligament)
E: secondary follicle of ovary (aka secondary ovarian follicle)
F: plica palpebronasalis (aka epicanthal fold)
G: ligamentum cricopharyngeum (aka cricopharyngeal ligament)
H: posterior pillar of fornix (aka posterior column of fornix)
I: glottis
J: right atrium of heart (aka right cardiac atrium)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'However, in Alk2 mutants the 6th pair of the PAAs was grossly hypoplastic, and while the Alk2/Wnt1-Cre mutants displayed a noticeable amount of septal tissue between the 4th and 6th PAAs (Fig.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'septal'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: cortex of coat/hair (aka cortex of hair)
B: anterior chamber of eyeball (camera anterior bulbi oculi) (aka anterior chamber of eyeball)
C: cuticle of hair (hair cuticle) (aka cuticle of hair)
D: epithelium of jejunum (aka jejunal epithelium)
E: musculus flexor digitorum superficialis (aka flexor digitorum superficialis)
F: mandibular ramus (ramus of mandible) (aka mandibular ramus)
G: viscera (aka viscus)
H: mesenchyme of lactiferous gland (aka mesenchyme of mammary gland)
I: chrysalis (aka pupa)
J: jejunum organ mucosa (aka jejunal mucosa)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'However, in Alk2 mutants the 6th pair of the PAAs was grossly hypoplastic, and while the Alk2/Wnt1-Cre mutants displayed a noticeable amount of septal tissue between the 4th and 6th PAAs (Fig.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'tissue'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: levator scapulæ (aka levator scapulae muscle)
B: somite border (intersomitic junction) (aka somite border)
C: vulva (aka mammalian vulva)
D: corpus wolffi (aka mesonephros)
E: ventral medial nuclei of thalamus (aka ventral medial complex of thalamus)
F: bronchus basal lamina (basal lamina of connective tissue of bronchial trunk) (aka bronchus basal lamina)
G: helicine arteries (aka helicine artery)
H: autopodial limb segment (aka autopod region)
I: wall of gut (aka gut wall)
J: mucosa of renal pelvis (mucosa of organ of pelvis of ureter) (aka mucosa of renal pelvis)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'However, in Alk2 mutants the 6th pair of the PAAs was grossly hypoplastic, and while the Alk2/Wnt1-Cre mutants displayed a noticeable amount of septal tissue between the 4th and 6th PAAs (Fig.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to '6th paas'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: roofplate of metepencephalon (aka roof plate of medulla oblongata)
B: roof plate neural tube (aka roof plate of neural tube)
C: kidney marrow (aka head kidney)
D: rexed's lamina v (aka lamina v of gray matter of spinal cord)
E: roof plate midbrain region (aka roof plate of midbrain)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'However, in Alk2 mutants the 6th pair of the PAAs was grossly hypoplastic, and while the Alk2/Wnt1-Cre mutants displayed a noticeable amount of septal tissue between the 4th and 6th PAAs (Fig.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to '4th ... paas'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: pharyngeal gland (glandulae pharyngeae) (aka pharyngeal gland)
B: future brain roof plate (aka roof plate of neural tube)
C: meninx of spinal cord (meninges of spinal cord) (aka meninx of spinal cord)
D: roof plate of medulla oblongata (roof plate of medulla oblonmgata) (aka roof plate of medulla oblongata)
E: roof plate metencephalon (aka roof plate of metencephalon)
F: cervical spinal cord lateral column
G: None of the above. | G |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'However, in Alk2 mutants the 6th pair of the PAAs was grossly hypoplastic, and while the Alk2/Wnt1-Cre mutants displayed a noticeable amount of septal tissue between the 4th and 6th PAAs (Fig.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'paas'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: musculi capitis (aka musculature of head)
B: central gray substance (substantia grisea centralis) (aka central gray substance)
C: submucosa of digestive tract
D: lamina lateralis processi pterygoideus ossis sphenoidalis (aka pterygoid bone)
E: roofplate of metencephalon (aka roof plate of metencephalon)
F: layer of muscle tissue
G: nasal concha primordium (turbinate bone primordium) (aka nasal concha primordium)
H: nucleus dorsalis superficialis (hassler) (aka lateral dorsal nucleus)
I: roof plate of metepencephalon (aka roof plate of medulla oblongata)
J: midbrain roofplate (aka roof plate of midbrain)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context '6M,N), the condensed septal mesenchyme lacking Alk2 failed to extend the prongs into the truncal cushions and to form the AP septum.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mesenchyme'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: prostatic acinus (aka prostate glandular acinus)
B: right lung middle lobe lobar bronchus mesenchyme
C: epibranchial ganglia (aka epibranchial ganglion)
D: thymus gland lymphoid tissue (aka thymus lymphoid tissue)
E: principal bronchus endothelium (aka endothelium of main bronchus)
F: mesentery of stomach (mesentery of ventriculus) (aka mesentery of stomach)
G: right lung lobar bronchus mesenchyme
H: foramina of the skull (aka foramen of skull)
I: right dorsal thalamus (right thalamus) (aka right dorsal thalamus)
J: pillow (aka polster)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context '6M,N), the condensed septal mesenchyme lacking Alk2 failed to extend the prongs into the truncal cushions and to form the AP septum.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'septal'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: hair cuticle (aka cuticle of hair)
B: musculus flexor digitorum superficialis (aka flexor digitorum superficialis)
C: mandibular ramus (ramus of mandible) (aka mandibular ramus)
D: mesenchyme of lactiferous gland (aka mesenchyme of mammary gland)
E: cortex of coat hair (aka cortex of hair)
F: camera anterior bulbi oculi (aka anterior chamber of eyeball)
G: epithelium of jejunum (aka jejunal epithelium)
H: jejunum mucosa (aka jejunal mucosa)
I: viscera (aka viscus)
J: chrysalis (aka pupa)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context '6M,N), the condensed septal mesenchyme lacking Alk2 failed to extend the prongs into the truncal cushions and to form the AP septum.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'ap septum'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: hip region epithelial tissue (aka epithelium of hip)
B: aurelia (aka pupa)
C: inferior oblique extraocular muscle (ventral oblique extraocular muscles) (aka inferior oblique extraocular muscle)
D: viscera (aka viscus)
E: musculus flexor digitorum superficialis (aka flexor digitorum superficialis)
F: cortex of coat/hair (aka cortex of hair)
G: submucosa of pylorus (submucosa of pyloric part of stomach) (aka submucosa of pylorus)
H: inflow tract (aka sinus venosus)
I: sub-tegumental tissue (aka hypodermis)
J: spinal reticular nucleus (aka spinal cord reticular nucleus)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context '6M,N), the condensed septal mesenchyme lacking Alk2 failed to extend the prongs into the truncal cushions and to form the AP septum.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'truncal'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: corpus mamillare (aka corpus albicans)
B: gastrointestinal sphincter
C: secondary follicle of ovary (aka secondary ovarian follicle)
D: posterior crus of fornix (aka posterior column of fornix)
E: hair cortex (aka cortex of hair)
F: thyroepiglottic ligament (ligamentum thyroepiglotticum) (aka thyroepiglottic ligament)
G: medulla oblongata basal plate (aka basal plate medulla oblongata)
H: plica palpebronasalis (aka epicanthal fold)
I: glottis
J: right atrium of heart (aka right cardiac atrium)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Concurrently, the 6th PAAs were losing their patency, which may have further contributed to the failed AP septation (Fig.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to '6th paas'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: neural tube roofplate (aka roof plate of neural tube)
B: kidney marrow (aka head kidney)
C: roof plate of midbrain (roof plate midbrain region) (aka roof plate of midbrain)
D: rexed's lamina v (aka lamina v of gray matter of spinal cord)
E: roof plate of metepencephalon (aka roof plate of medulla oblongata)
F: None of the above. | F |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'While CNCCs managed to migrate to the aortic sac and the truncal cushion level (Fig.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'aortic sac'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: tympanic part (aka tympanic plate)
B: infralabial gland
C: anterior subdivision of trunk (aka thoracic segment of trunk)
D: supralabial gland
E: arcuate vein (aka kidney arcuate vein)
F: mucosa of dorsum of tongue (mucosa of dorsal surface of tongue) (aka mucosa of dorsum of tongue)
G: croup (aka sacral region)
H: tensor tympani (musculus tensor tympani) (aka tensor tympani)
I: oral region gland (aka oral gland)
J: basibranchial 1 element
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'While CNCCs managed to migrate to the aortic sac and the truncal cushion level (Fig.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'truncal'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: corpus mamillare (aka corpus albicans)
B: neural ectoderm (aka neurectoderm)
C: hair cortex (aka cortex of hair)
D: right atrium of heart (aka right cardiac atrium)
E: thyroepiglottic ligament (ligamentum thyroepiglotticum) (aka thyroepiglottic ligament)
F: secondary follicle of ovary (aka secondary ovarian follicle)
G: posterior crus of fornix (aka posterior column of fornix)
H: crypt epithelium (aka epithelium of crypt of lieberkuhn)
I: crico-pharyngeal ligament (aka cricopharyngeal ligament)
J: medulla oblongata basal plate (aka basal plate medulla oblongata)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context '6N,P,R), immunostaining for αSMA appeared much weaker when compared to controls and Alk5 mutants, implying that ALK2-mediated signaling is involved in smooth muscle cell differentiation as previously suggested [12].', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'smooth muscle'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: spigel lobe (aka caudate lobe of liver)
B: coracoideum (aka coracoid bone)
C: distal phalanx of middle finger (aka distal phalanx of manual digit 3)
D: forearm muscle (aka forelimb zeugopod muscle)
E: dura mater of neuraxis of spinal cord (aka spinal dura mater)
F: stylopod of arm skin (aka upper arm skin)
G: skin of middle limb segment of hind limb (aka lower leg skin)
H: granular insular cortex (granular-isocortical insula) (aka granular insular cortex)
I: integumental system muscle (aka skin muscle)
J: cranial dura mater (aka brain dura mater)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'To conclude, while both Alk2 and Alk5 mutants demonstrate a failure in both the rotation of the aortic sac and the truncal OFT, and in the formation of the AP septum, the pathogenetic mechanisms behind these defects appear remarkably different.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'aortic sac'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: segment (aka organismal segment)
B: arcuate veins (aka kidney arcuate vein)
C: supralabial gland
D: basibranchial 1 element
E: tympanic part (aka tympanic plate)
F: tensor tympani (musculus tensor tympani) (aka tensor tympani)
G: early primitive heart tube (aka primitive heart tube)
H: oral region gland (aka oral gland)
I: hindquarter (aka sacral region)
J: cerebellar vermis (vermal parts of the cerebellum) (aka cerebellar vermis)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'To conclude, while both Alk2 and Alk5 mutants demonstrate a failure in both the rotation of the aortic sac and the truncal OFT, and in the formation of the AP septum, the pathogenetic mechanisms behind these defects appear remarkably different.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'ap septum'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: hip region epithelial tissue (aka epithelium of hip)
B: viscera (aka viscus)
C: cuticle of hair (hair cuticle) (aka cuticle of hair)
D: spinal reticular nucleus (aka spinal cord reticular nucleus)
E: aurelia (aka pupa)
F: inferior oblique extraocular muscle (ventral oblique extraocular muscles) (aka inferior oblique extraocular muscle)
G: musculus flexor digitorum superficialis (aka flexor digitorum superficialis)
H: mesenchyme of lactiferous gland (aka mesenchyme of mammary gland)
I: inflow tract (aka sinus venosus)
J: subtegumental tissue (aka hypodermis)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'To conclude, while both Alk2 and Alk5 mutants demonstrate a failure in both the rotation of the aortic sac and the truncal OFT, and in the formation of the AP septum, the pathogenetic mechanisms behind these defects appear remarkably different.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'oft'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: corticopontine fibers of pons (aka corticopontine fibers)
B: postcommissural fornix (aka postcommissural fornix of brain)
C: spinal trigeminal nucleus, caudal part (aka caudal part of spinal trigeminal nucleus)
D: pc (aka paracentral nucleus) (aka paracentral nucleus)
E: structure of postcentral sulcus (aka postcentral sulcus)
F: lumbar sympathetic nerve trunk (lumbar sympathetic trunk) (aka lumbar sympathetic nerve trunk)
G: interstitial nucleus (aka interstitial nucleus of cajal)
H: extensor pollicis longus (aka extensor pollicis longus muscle)
I: ampulla of the vas (aka ampullary gland)
J: cremasteric artery (cremasteric part of inferior epigastric artery) (aka cremasteric artery)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'To conclude, while both Alk2 and Alk5 mutants demonstrate a failure in both the rotation of the aortic sac and the truncal OFT, and in the formation of the AP septum, the pathogenetic mechanisms behind these defects appear remarkably different.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'truncal'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: crypt epithelium (aka epithelium of crypt of lieberkuhn)
B: gastrointestinal sphincter
C: neural ectoderm (aka neurectoderm)
D: glottis
E: crico-pharyngeal ligament (aka cricopharyngeal ligament)
F: right atrium of heart (aka right cardiac atrium)
G: secondary follicle of ovary (aka secondary ovarian follicle)
H: hair cortex (aka cortex of hair)
I: corpus mamillare (aka corpus albicans)
J: crus of fornix (aka posterior column of fornix)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Figure 5
The truncal OFT fails to rotate in Alk5/Wnt1-Cre mutants.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'oft'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: spinal trigeminal nucleus, caudal part (aka caudal part of spinal trigeminal nucleus)
B: tympanic membrane epithelium (tympanic membrane epithelial layer) (aka tympanic membrane epithelium)
C: substantia innominata (reil, reichert) (aka substantia innominata)
D: lumbar sympathetic nerve trunk (lumbar sympathetic trunk) (aka lumbar sympathetic nerve trunk)
E: extensor pollicis longis (aka extensor pollicis longus muscle)
F: postcommissural fornix (aka postcommissural fornix of brain)
G: corticopontine fibers of pons (aka corticopontine fibers)
H: structure of postcentral sulcus (aka postcentral sulcus)
I: pc (aka paracentral nucleus) (aka paracentral nucleus)
J: primary motor cortex layer v (aka primary motor cortex layer 5)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Figure 5
The truncal OFT fails to rotate in Alk5/Wnt1-Cre mutants.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'truncal'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: corpus mamillare (aka corpus albicans)
B: neural ectoderm (aka neurectoderm)
C: medulla oblongata basal plate (aka basal plate medulla oblongata)
D: thyroepiglottic ligament (ligamentum thyroepiglotticum) (aka thyroepiglottic ligament)
E: glottis
F: hair cortex (aka cortex of hair)
G: crus of fornix (aka posterior column of fornix)
H: secondary follicle of ovary (aka secondary ovarian follicle)
I: plica palpebronasalis (aka epicanthal fold)
J: crypt epithelium (aka epithelium of crypt of lieberkuhn)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Left (A, C) and right (B, D) lateral images of ink-injected control (A-B) and mutant (C-D) embryos at E11.5 demonstrate the abnormally straight OFT in mutants lacking the typical conotruncal transition (black arrow in A vs. black arrowhead in C) seen in control.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'embryos'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: stratum germinosum of epidermis (aka stratum basale of epidermis)
B: post-optic commissure (aka postoptic commissure)
C: secreted substance (aka bodily secretion)
D: bone marrow stroma (aka stroma of bone marrow)
E: permanent second molar tooth (aka permanent molar tooth 2)
F: cerebral medulla (aka cerebral subcortex)
G: occipito atlantal joint (aka atlanto-occipital joint)
H: va (aka ventral anterior nucleus of thalamus) (aka ventral anterior nucleus of thalamus)
I: ureteric ampulla (aka ureteric bud)
J: internal carotid plexus (aka internal carotid nerve plexus)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Left (A, C) and right (B, D) lateral images of ink-injected control (A-B) and mutant (C-D) embryos at E11.5 demonstrate the abnormally straight OFT in mutants lacking the typical conotruncal transition (black arrow in A vs. black arrowhead in C) seen in control.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'oft'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: postcommissural fornix (aka postcommissural fornix of brain)
B: primary motor cortex layer v (aka primary motor cortex layer 5)
C: interstitial nucleus (aka interstitial nucleus of cajal)
D: structure of postcentral sulcus (aka postcentral sulcus)
E: epithelium of upper jaw (epithelial tissue of palatoquadrate arch) (aka epithelium of upper jaw)
F: lumbar sympathetic nerve trunk (lumbar sympathetic trunk) (aka lumbar sympathetic nerve trunk)
G: extensor pollicis longus (aka extensor pollicis longus muscle)
H: spinal trigeminal nucleus, caudal part (aka caudal part of spinal trigeminal nucleus)
I: tympanic membrane epithelium (tympanic membrane epithelial layer) (aka tympanic membrane epithelium)
J: pc (aka paracentral nucleus) (aka paracentral nucleus)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Left (A, C) and right (B, D) lateral images of ink-injected control (A-B) and mutant (C-D) embryos at E11.5 demonstrate the abnormally straight OFT in mutants lacking the typical conotruncal transition (black arrow in A vs. black arrowhead in C) seen in control.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'conotruncal'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: posterior surface of head
B: dorsal digital artery (set of dorsal digital arteries) (aka dorsal digital artery)
C: dorsal digital artery (aka dorsal digital artery of manus)
D: digit 3 (autopod digit 3) (aka digit 3)
E: digit ii (aka digit 2)
F: nucleus hypothalami paraventricularis (aka paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus)
G: multi-limb segment region
H: superior mesenteric ganglia (aka superior mesenteric ganglion)
I: falx cerebri (cerebral falx) (aka falx cerebri)
J: digit 7 ray (aka digit 7 plus metapodial segment)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Red arrowhead (C) points to the abnormally shaped aortic sac.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'aortic sac'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: dorsal patch of leydig's organ
B: palatine process of premaxilla (pars palatina of premaxilla) (aka palatine process of premaxilla)
C: infralabial gland
D: oral region gland (aka oral gland)
E: arcuate veins (aka kidney arcuate vein)
F: dorsum of penis (aka dorsal surface of penis)
G: tympanic part (aka tympanic plate)
H: hindquarter (aka sacral region)
I: mucosa of dorsum of tongue (mucosa of dorsal surface of tongue) (aka mucosa of dorsum of tongue)
J: cerebellar vermis (vermal parts of the cerebellum) (aka cerebellar vermis)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Red "s", aortic sac; t, truncus; c, conus.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'aortic sac'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: cerebellar vermis (vermal parts of the cerebellum) (aka cerebellar vermis)
B: tensor tympani (musculus tensor tympani) (aka tensor tympani)
C: dorsal patch of leydig's organ
D: croup (aka sacral region)
E: arcuate vein (aka kidney arcuate vein)
F: anterior subdivision of trunk (aka thoracic segment of trunk)
G: duvernoy's gland
H: dorsal surface of penis (dorsum of penis) (aka dorsal surface of penis)
I: segment (aka organismal segment)
J: palatine process of premaxilla (pars palatina of premaxilla) (aka palatine process of premaxilla)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Red "s", aortic sac; t, truncus; c, conus.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'truncus'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: gall bladder epithelium (aka epithelium of gall bladder)
B: spinal cord pia mater of neuraxis (aka spinal cord pia mater)
C: anterior subdivision of trunk (aka thoracic segment of trunk)
D: gastrointestinal sphincter
E: secondary follicle of ovary (aka secondary ovarian follicle)
F: hair cortex (aka cortex of hair)
G: crico-pharyngeal ligament (aka cricopharyngeal ligament)
H: crypt epithelium (aka epithelium of crypt of lieberkuhn)
I: right atrium of heart (aka right cardiac atrium)
J: airway (aka respiratory airway)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Red "s", aortic sac; t, truncus; c, conus.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 't'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: terminal ventral aortic node (aka celiac lymph node)
B: dorsal supra-optic commissure (aka dorsal supraoptic decussation)
C: deciduous premolar 5 tooth (aka deciduous premolar 5)
D: incisura praeoccipitalis (aka preoccipital notch)
E: ligamentum anulare radii (aka anular ligament of radius)
F: mesencephalic vein (msv (aka mesencephalic vein))
G: ductal epithelium (aka epithelial layer of duct)
H: anterior nares (aka external naris)
I: splenic periarteriolar lymphoid sheath (aka periarterial lymphatic sheath)
J: epithelium of tunica mucosa of endometrium (aka endometrium epithelium)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Red "s", aortic sac; t, truncus; c, conus.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'conus'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: cerebellar glomeruli (aka cerebellar glomerulus)
B: adrenal gland/interrenal tissue (aka adrenal/interrenal gland)
C: dorsal digital artery of hand (aka dorsal digital artery of manus)
D: dorsal digital artery (set of dorsal digital arteries) (aka dorsal digital artery)
E: cerebral falx (aka falx cerebri)
F: superior mesenteric ganglion (ganglion mesentericum superius) (aka superior mesenteric ganglion)
G: multi-limb segment region
H: pericardial cavity meso-epithelium (aka mesothelium of pericardial cavity)
I: primitive groove
J: digit ii (aka digit 2)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Red "s", aortic sac; t, truncus; c, conus.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'c'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: extraembryonic umbilical vein right (aka right extraembryonic umbilical vein)
B: cardiac baroreceptor
C: internal cellular layer
D: molar 3 (third molar tooth) (aka molar 3)
E: embryo portion of umbilical vein (embryonic umbilical vein) (aka embryo portion of umbilical vein)
F: ventral lateral line
G: midline nuclear group of thalamus (aka midline nuclear group)
H: foramen petrosum (aka petrosal foramen)
I: second instar larva
J: arterial stretch receptor (aka arterial baroreceptor)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Red "s", aortic sac; t, truncus; c, conus.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 's'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: lacteal
B: arterial stretch receptor (aka arterial baroreceptor)
C: second instar larva
D: foramen infraorbitale (aka infra-orbital foramen)
E: infraorbital nerve (aka infra-orbital nerve)
F: prismatic calcified tissue (aka prismatic cartilage)
G: canalis pterygoidei (aka vidian canal)
H: recessus vena jugularis
I: cardiac baroreceptor
J: crus of penis or clitoris
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Figure 6
Signaling via ALK5 and ALK2 controls different aspects of aortico-pulmonary septation.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'aortico'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: temporal muscle (aka temporalis muscle)
B: tympanic part (aka tympanic plate)
C: supreme turbinate (aka supreme nasal concha)
D: superior concha (aka superior nasal concha)
E: segment (aka organismal segment)
F: inferior nasal turbinate bone (aka inferior nasal concha)
G: tensor tympani muscle (aka tensor tympani)
H: anterior subdivision of trunk (aka thoracic segment of trunk)
I: arcuate artery (aka kidney arcuate artery)
J: middle turbinate (aka middle nasal concha)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Figure 6
Signaling via ALK5 and ALK2 controls different aspects of aortico-pulmonary septation.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'pulmonary'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: germinal disc (aka bilaminar disc)
B: somatic sensory cortex (aka somatosensory cortex)
C: substantia gelatinosa of spinal cord posterior horn (aka substantia gelatinosa)
D: post-embryonic stage (post-hatching stage) (aka post-embryonic stage)
E: panniculus carnosus (aka hypodermis skeletal muscle layer)
F: organ of respiratory system (aka respiration organ)
G: zonal layer of superior colliculus (aka superior colliculus stratum zonale)
H: windpipe mucous membrane (aka tracheal mucosa)
I: tubuli mesonephrici (aka mesonephric tubule)
J: thoracic duct (trunk of thoracic duct tree) (aka thoracic duct)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context '6, the 6th PAA; AS, aortic sac; TA, truncus arteriosus; Ao, Aorta; PT, pulmonary trunk; Asterisks in A, B, M and N depict the AP septal mesenchyme.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'aortic sac'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: dorsum of penis (aka dorsal surface of penis)
B: segment (aka organismal segment)
C: mucosa of dorsum of tongue (mucosa of dorsal surface of tongue) (aka mucosa of dorsum of tongue)
D: duvernoy's gland
E: arcuate veins (aka kidney arcuate vein)
F: tympanic part (aka tympanic plate)
G: early primitive heart tube (aka primitive heart tube)
H: oral region gland (aka oral gland)
I: anterior subdivision of trunk (aka thoracic segment of trunk)
J: tensor tympani (musculus tensor tympani) (aka tensor tympani)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context '6, the 6th PAA; AS, aortic sac; TA, truncus arteriosus; Ao, Aorta; PT, pulmonary trunk; Asterisks in A, B, M and N depict the AP septal mesenchyme.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'as'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: m3 (aka medial oculomotor nucleus) (aka medial oculomotor nucleus)
B: diagonal band(broca) (aka diagonal band of broca)
C: turbinate bone primordium (aka nasal concha primordium)
D: follicular arteriole (aka spleen central arteriole)
E: central gray substance (substantia grisea centralis) (aka central gray substance)
F: flechsig's tract (aka posterior spinocerebellar tract)
G: t. olivocerebellaris (aka olivocerebellar tract)
H: isthmus of fornicate gyrus (aka isthmus of cingulate gyrus)
I: pharyngeal arch 2 (arcus pharyngeus secundus) (aka pharyngeal arch 2)
J: mediodorsal nucleus of the thalamus (aka medial dorsal nucleus of thalamus)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context '6, the 6th PAA; AS, aortic sac; TA, truncus arteriosus; Ao, Aorta; PT, pulmonary trunk; Asterisks in A, B, M and N depict the AP septal mesenchyme.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'truncus arteriosus'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: medial tarsal artery
B: tricuspid valvular leaflet (aka tricuspid valve leaflet)
C: portion of guano (aka feces)
D: segment (aka organismal segment)
E: arcuate artery (aka kidney arcuate artery)
F: thoracic segment of trunk (anterior subdivision of trunk) (aka thoracic segment of trunk)
G: wrist epithelium (aka epithelium of carpal region)
H: airway (aka respiratory airway)
I: epithelium of hip (epithelial tissue of regio coxae) (aka epithelium of hip)
J: lateral lobe of prostate (aka prostate gland lateral lobe)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context '6, the 6th PAA; AS, aortic sac; TA, truncus arteriosus; Ao, Aorta; PT, pulmonary trunk; Asterisks in A, B, M and N depict the AP septal mesenchyme.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'ta'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: brainstem tracts (aka brainstem white matter)
B: medial magnocellular nucleus of medial geniculate body (aka magnocellular nucleus of medial geniculate body)
C: blood sinus of vibrissa (lower cavernous sinus) (aka blood sinus of vibrissa)
D: occipital pole (polus occipitalis cerebri) (aka occipital pole)
E: tunica media (tunica media vasorum) (aka tunica media)
F: sulcus occipitalis transversus (aka transverse occipital sulcus)
G: nerve to the quadratus femoris muscle (aka nerve to quadratus femoris)
H: sulcus hippocampalis (aka hippocampal sulcus)
I: pccs (aka posterior calcarine sulcus) (aka posterior calcarine sulcus)
J: central gray (aka central gray substance)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context '6, the 6th PAA; AS, aortic sac; TA, truncus arteriosus; Ao, Aorta; PT, pulmonary trunk; Asterisks in A, B, M and N depict the AP septal mesenchyme.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'aorta'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: thoracic segment of trunk (anterior subdivision of trunk) (aka thoracic segment of trunk)
B: superior turbinate (aka superior nasal concha)
C: cerebellar vermis (vermal parts of the cerebellum) (aka cerebellar vermis)
D: musculus tensor tympani (aka tensor tympani)
E: segment (aka organismal segment)
F: supreme turbinate (aka supreme nasal concha)
G: tympanic part (aka tympanic plate)
H: middle turbinate (aka middle nasal concha)
I: inferior nasal concha (inferior nasal turbinate bone) (aka inferior nasal concha)
J: endoderm of foregut (foregut endoderm) (aka endoderm of foregut)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context '6, the 6th PAA; AS, aortic sac; TA, truncus arteriosus; Ao, Aorta; PT, pulmonary trunk; Asterisks in A, B, M and N depict the AP septal mesenchyme.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'ao'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: dentate fissure (aka hippocampal sulcus)
B: posterior spinocerebellar tract (dorsal spinocerebellar tract of the medulla) (aka posterior spinocerebellar tract)
C: brodmann's area 11 (aka brodmann (1909) area 11)
D: �pipleure (aka epipleural)
E: regional parts of the paravermal lobules (aka paravermis lobule area)
F: pccs (aka posterior calcarine sulcus) (aka posterior calcarine sulcus)
G: camelhump (aka hump)
H: ccis (aka chiasmatic cistern) (aka chiasmatic cistern)
I: sulcus occipitalis transversus (aka transverse occipital sulcus)
J: fourth ventricle chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere (aka choroid plexus of fourth ventricle)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context '6, the 6th PAA; AS, aortic sac; TA, truncus arteriosus; Ao, Aorta; PT, pulmonary trunk; Asterisks in A, B, M and N depict the AP septal mesenchyme.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'pulmonary trunk'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: dermal-epidermal junction (aka epidermal-dermal junction)
B: eminentia mediana (aka median eminence of neurohypophysis)
C: airway (aka respiratory airway)
D: gall bladder epithelium (aka epithelium of gall bladder)
E: basal plate medulla oblongata (medulla oblongata basal plate) (aka basal plate medulla oblongata)
F: vertebrae cervicales (aka cervical vertebra)
G: hair cortex (aka cortex of hair)
H: panniculus carnosus (aka hypodermis skeletal muscle layer)
I: vertebrae (aka vertebra)
J: respiratory system organ (aka respiration organ)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context '6, the 6th PAA; AS, aortic sac; TA, truncus arteriosus; Ao, Aorta; PT, pulmonary trunk; Asterisks in A, B, M and N depict the AP septal mesenchyme.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'pt'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: lamina reticularis (aka reticular lamina of epithelium)
B: bulbus arteriosus middle layer (bulbus arteriosus media) (aka bulbus arteriosus middle layer)
C: ventral blood island (aka blood island)
D: ceratobranchials (aka ceratobranchial bone)
E: superficial pelvic adductor
F: nucleus dorsalis tegmenti (aka dorsal tegmental nucleus)
G: embryonic organizer (aka primitive knot)
H: reproductive organ (reproductive system organ) (aka reproductive organ)
I: fish maw (aka swim bladder)
J: nucleus corporis mamillaris medialis, pars lateralis (aka lateral part of medial mammillary nucleus)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context '6, the 6th PAA; AS, aortic sac; TA, truncus arteriosus; Ao, Aorta; PT, pulmonary trunk; Asterisks in A, B, M and N depict the AP septal mesenchyme.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'ap septal'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: anal sac (aka gland of anal canal)
B: musculus flexor digitorum superficialis (aka flexor digitorum superficialis)
C: inferior oblique extraocular muscle (ventral oblique extraocular muscles) (aka inferior oblique extraocular muscle)
D: inflow tract (aka sinus venosus)
E: reticular nucleus of the spinal cord (aka spinal cord reticular nucleus)
F: subcutaneous tissue (aka hypodermis)
G: inferior parietal gyrus (aka inferior parietal cortex)
H: tract of descending root of trigeminal (aka spinal trigeminal tract)
I: regio coxae epithelial tissue (aka epithelium of hip)
J: jejunum mucosa (aka jejunal mucosa)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context '6, the 6th PAA; AS, aortic sac; TA, truncus arteriosus; Ao, Aorta; PT, pulmonary trunk; Asterisks in A, B, M and N depict the AP septal mesenchyme.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'mesenchyme'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: right thalamus (aka right dorsal thalamus)
B: superior oblique extraocular muscle (dorsal oblique extraocular muscles) (aka superior oblique extraocular muscle)
C: pillow (aka polster)
D: oblique ridge of crown of tooth (aka oblique ridge of tooth)
E: right lung middle lobe lobar bronchus mesenchyme
F: prostatic acinus (aka prostate glandular acinus)
G: epithelial tissue of reissner's canal (aka epithelium of cochlear duct)
H: thymus gland lymphoid tissue (aka thymus lymphoid tissue)
I: testis cord (aka testis sex cord)
J: principal bronchus endothelium (aka endothelium of main bronchus)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context '6, the 6th PAA; AS, aortic sac; TA, truncus arteriosus; Ao, Aorta; PT, pulmonary trunk; Asterisks in A, B, M and N depict the AP septal mesenchyme.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to '6'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: right lung alveolar system
B: lobe of right lung (aka right lung lobe)
C: alveolar system (pulmonary alveolar system) (aka alveolar system)
D: metaphysis of humerus (diaphyseal end of humerus) (aka metaphysis of humerus)
E: investing layer of cervical fascia (aka deep cervical fascia)
F: anterior part of inferior parietal lobule (aka supramarginal gyrus)
G: male genital secretion (aka seminal fluid)
H: cerebral lobe (aka lobe of cerebral hemisphere)
I: left lung alveolar system
J: panniculus adiposus group (aka panniculus adiposus)
K: None of the above. | K |
<Instruct>: Given the context '6, the 6th PAA; AS, aortic sac; TA, truncus arteriosus; Ao, Aorta; PT, pulmonary trunk; Asterisks in A, B, M and N depict the AP septal mesenchyme.
', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to '6th paa'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: neural tube roof plate (aka roof plate of neural tube)
B: rexed's lamina v (aka lamina v of gray matter of spinal cord)
C: medulla oblonmgata roof plate (aka roof plate of medulla oblongata)
D: roof plate of midbrain (roof plate midbrain region) (aka roof plate of midbrain)
E: None of the above. | E |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Alk5/Wnt1-Cre mutants display increased apoptosis of post-migratory neural crest cells
As described above, Alk5/Wnt1-Cre mutants displayed an inadequate amount of AP-septal tissue in the base of the aortic sac between the origins of 4th and 6th PAAs.', select the correct biomedical concept corresponding to 'neural crest'. Answer using one of the provided options. | <Options>: A: anterior cingulate cortex (acc (aka anterior cingulate cortex))
B: amniotic ectoderm (amnionic ectoderm) (aka amniotic ectoderm)
C: omental bursa mehomhelium (aka mesothelium of omental bursa)
D: skeleton of upper jaw (upper jaw skeleton) (aka skeleton of upper jaw)
E: muscle organ of anterior thoracic region (aka chest muscle)
F: region ca1 (aka ca1 field of hippocampus)
G: skene's duct (aka paraurethral duct)
H: ca2 field of the ammon horn (aka ca2 field of hippocampus)
I: associated mesenchyme of pharyngeal region (aka entire pharyngeal arch associated mesenchyme)
J: skeleton of lower jaw (lower jaw skeleton) (aka skeleton of lower jaw)
K: None of the above. | K |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.