instruction stringlengths 225 2.35k | input stringlengths 89 1.5k | response stringclasses 698 values |
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<Instruct>: Given the context 'B. burgdorferi does harbour the genes encoding the enzymes Ung (monofunctional gylcosylase, BB0053), MutS (BB0797, BB0098), MutL (BB0211), ExoIII (BB0114), PolI (BB0548), LigI (BB0552) and RecJ (BB0254) (Fraser et al., 1997) which are involved in excision and repair, via S-BER or L-BER, of deaminated, alkylated, methylated or mismatched bases.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [b. burgdorferi]
<Options>: A: borrelia garinii (aka borreliella garinii)
B: borrelomyces (aka mycoplasma)
C: borrelia fainii (aka candidatus borrelia fainii)
D: borrelia burgdorferi (aka borreliella burgdorferi)
E: borreliales bacterium
F: None of the above. | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Clearly, these repair systems in B. burgdorferi do not seem as robust at defending against oxidation of DNA as those described in E. coli.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [b. burgdorferi; e. coli]
<Options>: A: escherichia/shigella coli (aka escherichia coli)
B: borrelia burgdorferi (aka borreliella burgdorferi)
C: unspecified coliform bacterium
D: borreliales bacterium
E: escherichia
F: borrelia garinii (aka borreliella garinii)
G: escherichia coli (strain b) (aka escherichia coli b)
H: borrelia
I: borreliella (borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato) (aka borreliella)
J: escherichia phage
K: None of the above. | [B; A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Clearly, these repair systems in B. burgdorferi do not seem as robust at defending against oxidation of DNA as those described in E. coli.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [b. burgdorferi; e. coli]
<Options>: A: borrelia burgdorferi (aka borreliella burgdorferi)
B: borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (aka borreliella)
C: e. coli (aka escherichia coli)
D: unspecified coliform bacterium
E: enterobacteria (aka enterobacteriaceae)
F: borrelia burgdorferi b31 (aka borreliella burgdorferi b31)
G: escherichia
H: escherichia faecalis ('escherichia faecalis') (aka escherichia faecalis)
I: borreliella genomospecies 1 (aka borreliella genomosp. 1)
J: borrelia
K: None of the above. | [A; C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The lack of key repair enzymes in this system may indicate that B. burgdorferi DNA is not subjected to the same challenge from ROS as is E. coli.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [b. burgdorferi; e. coli]
<Options>: A: borrelia
B: prokaryotes (aka bacteria)
C: borrelia genomosp. 1 (aka borreliella genomosp. 1)
D: borrelia burgdorferi b31 (aka borreliella burgdorferi b31)
E: escherichia phage
F: escherichia/shigella coli (aka escherichia coli)
G: escherichia
H: escherichia coli k12 (aka escherichia coli k-12)
I: borreliella burgdorferi (lyme disease spirochete) (aka borreliella burgdorferi)
J: borreliales bacterium
K: None of the above. | [I; F] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The lack of key repair enzymes in this system may indicate that B. burgdorferi DNA is not subjected to the same challenge from ROS as is E. coli.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [b. burgdorferi; e. coli]
<Options>: A: borreliales bacterium
B: escherichia coli k12 (aka escherichia coli k-12)
C: escherichia phage
D: borreliella burgdorferi (lyme disease spirochete) (aka borreliella burgdorferi)
E: prokaryotes (aka bacteria)
F: borrelia burgdorferi b31 (aka borreliella burgdorferi b31)
G: escherichia
H: borrelia
I: borrelia genomosp. 1 (aka borreliella genomosp. 1)
J: None of the above. | [D; J] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The lack of key repair enzymes in this system may indicate that B. burgdorferi DNA is not subjected to the same challenge from ROS as is E. coli.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [b. burgdorferi; e. coli]
<Options>: A: escherichia
B: unspecified coliform bacterium
C: escherichia coli (strain b) (aka escherichia coli b)
D: borrelia fainii (aka candidatus borrelia fainii)
E: borrelomyces (aka mycoplasma)
F: borreliella americana (borrelia americana) (aka borreliella americana)
G: borrelia
H: borreliella burgdorferi (lyme disease spirochete) (aka borreliella burgdorferi)
I: escherichia/shigella coli (aka escherichia coli)
J: escherichia sp.
K: None of the above. | [H; I] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In contrast to most bacteria, B. burgdorferi membranes contained significant levels of unsaturated fatty acids, such as linoleic acid and linolenic acid, which were derived from the growth media (Table 1).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [b. burgdorferi]
<Options>: A: borreliella burgdorferi (lyme disease spirochete) (aka borreliella burgdorferi)
B: borrelomyces (aka mycoplasma)
C: borrelia fainii (aka candidatus borrelia fainii)
D: borreliella genomospecies 1 (aka borreliella genomosp. 1)
E: borrelia burgdorferi b31 (aka borreliella burgdorferi b31)
F: None of the above. | [A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Thus, it seemed possible that lipids and/or proteins rather than DNA are the primary targets of ROS in B. burgdorferi.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [b. burgdorferi]
<Options>: A: borrelomyces (aka mycoplasma)
B: borreliella (borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato) (aka borreliella)
C: borrelia burgdorferi (aka borreliella burgdorferi)
D: borreliales bacterium
E: borrelia
F: None of the above. | [C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'As B. burgdorferi may be exposed to potentially harmful oxygen species at different stages of the infective cycle, the ability to protect its membrane lipids from ROS should be required for survival in the different host environments.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [b. burgdorferi]
<Options>: A: borrelia garinii (aka borreliella garinii)
B: borrelia
C: borreliella americana (borrelia americana) (aka borreliella americana)
D: borrelia africana (aka candidatus borrelia africana)
E: lyme disease spirochete (aka borreliella burgdorferi)
F: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In H. pylori, lipid hydroperoxide levels in ahpC mutants are approximately three times higher than in wild-type cells, suggesting a role for AhpC in reducing organic peroxides (Wang et al., 2006a,b).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [h. pylori]
<Options>: A: helicobacter japonicum (aka helicobacter japonicus)
B: campylobacter pylori (aka helicobacter pylori)
C: helicobacteraceae bacterium
D: helicobacter pylori (strain n6) (aka helicobacter pylori n6)
E: helicobacter cholecystus
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In exponentially growing E. coli, Imlay and Fridovich (1991) have shown that both O2- and H2O2 are generated by the autoxidation of components of the respiratory chain during oxygen metabolism.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [e. coli]
<Options>: A: enterobacterales (enterobacteriaceae and related endosymbionts) (aka enterobacterales)
B: escherichia
C: enterobacteria (aka enterobacteriaceae)
D: escherichia sp.
E: bacillus coli (aka escherichia coli)
F: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In contrast, B. burgdorferi is very metabolically limited and has no enzymes for the TCA cycle or respiration.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [b. burgdorferi]
<Options>: A: borreliales bacterium
B: borrelia burgdorferi (aka borreliella burgdorferi)
C: borrelia garinii (aka borreliella garinii)
D: borrelia fainii (aka candidatus borrelia fainii)
E: borreliella (borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato) (aka borreliella)
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In addition, the current practice of growing B. burgdorferi under atmospheric oxygen could itself be unintentionally compromising cell integrity during in vitro manipulations.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [b. burgdorferi]
<Options>: A: borrelomyces (aka mycoplasma)
B: borreliella genomospecies 1 (aka borreliella genomosp. 1)
C: borrelia garinii (aka borreliella garinii)
D: borrelia burgdorferi (aka borreliella burgdorferi)
E: borreliales bacterium
F: None of the above. | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Analyses of the B. burgdorferi genome indicates that only a few genes encoding putative oxidative stress/intracellular redox proteins (SodA, NapA, BosR, CoADR, Trx and TrxR)', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [b. burgdorferi]
<Options>: A: borrelomyces (aka mycoplasma)
B: borreliella burgdorferi (lyme disease spirochete) (aka borreliella burgdorferi)
C: borrelia
D: borrelia fainii (aka candidatus borrelia fainii)
E: candidatus borrelia africana (borrelia africana) (aka candidatus borrelia africana)
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Analyses of the B. burgdorferi genome indicates that only a few genes encoding putative oxidative stress/intracellular redox proteins (SodA, NapA, BosR, CoADR, Trx and TrxR)', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [b. burgdorferi]
<Options>: A: borrelomyces (aka mycoplasma)
B: candidatus borrelia africana (borrelia africana) (aka candidatus borrelia africana)
C: borrelia
D: borrelia fainii (aka candidatus borrelia fainii)
E: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Despite this apparent ‘deficiency’ in the number of ROS-protective enzymes, B. burgdorferi cells appear to be able to cope with physiologically relevant levels of ROS.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [b. burgdorferi]
<Options>: A: borreliella (borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato) (aka borreliella)
B: borreliales bacterium
C: borrelia fainii (aka candidatus borrelia fainii)
D: borreliella burgdorferi (lyme disease spirochete) (aka borreliella burgdorferi)
E: borrelomyces (aka mycoplasma)
F: None of the above. | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'There are several factors that would contribute to this phenomenon: (i) as B. burgdorferi does not harbour the genes encoding respiratory enzymes nor metabolize oxygen, it seems unlikely that significant levels of ROS are generated via the incomplete reduction of O2 during cellular metabolism.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [b. burgdorferi]
<Options>: A: borreliales bacterium
B: borrelomyces (aka mycoplasma)
C: borrelia genomosp. 1 (aka borreliella genomosp. 1)
D: borreliella americana (borrelia americana) (aka borreliella americana)
E: borrelia burgdorferi (aka borreliella burgdorferi)
F: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'This would suggest that potential ROS challenges to B. burgdorferi would come almost completely from extracellular sources with little contribution from intracellularly generated ROS; (ii) owing to a lack of understanding of the physiological conditions in vector and host tissues infected with B. burgdorferi, it is difficult to assess the levels and/or sites of the potential ROS challenge during the infective cycle and (iii) most importantly, analyses of the potential targets for ROS in B. burgdorferi strongly suggested that the major targets of oxidative damage are different and perhaps less extensive in this bacterium than in other bacterial pathogens (e.g. E. coli).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [b. burgdorferi; e. coli]
<Options>: A: borrelia fainii (aka candidatus borrelia fainii)
B: escherichia coli k12 (aka escherichia coli k-12)
C: borrelia burgdorferi group (aka borreliella)
D: candidatus borrelia africana (borrelia africana) (aka candidatus borrelia africana)
E: escherichia coli b (escherichia coli (strain b)) (aka escherichia coli b)
F: prokaryotes (aka bacteria)
G: escherichia
H: borrelia garinii (aka borreliella garinii)
I: bacterium coli (aka escherichia coli)
J: lyme disease spirochete (aka borreliella burgdorferi)
K: None of the above. | [J; I] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'This would suggest that potential ROS challenges to B. burgdorferi would come almost completely from extracellular sources with little contribution from intracellularly generated ROS; (ii) owing to a lack of understanding of the physiological conditions in vector and host tissues infected with B. burgdorferi, it is difficult to assess the levels and/or sites of the potential ROS challenge during the infective cycle and (iii) most importantly, analyses of the potential targets for ROS in B. burgdorferi strongly suggested that the major targets of oxidative damage are different and perhaps less extensive in this bacterium than in other bacterial pathogens (e.g. E. coli).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [b. burgdorferi; e. coli]
<Options>: A: borreliella burgdorferi (lyme disease spirochete) (aka borreliella burgdorferi)
B: borreliella americana (borrelia americana) (aka borreliella americana)
C: e. coli (aka escherichia coli)
D: borrelia
E: escherichia
F: candidatus borrelia africana (borrelia africana) (aka candidatus borrelia africana)
G: borrelia garinii (aka borreliella garinii)
H: escherichia coli k12 (aka escherichia coli k-12)
I: unspecified coliform bacterium
J: prokaryotes (aka bacteria)
K: None of the above. | [A; C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Taken together, this suggests that B. burgdorferi would be innately more resistant to ROS and require a less extensive repertoire of enzymes to protect the cells from oxidative damage.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [b. burgdorferi]
<Options>: A: borrelia genomosp. 1 (aka borreliella genomosp. 1)
B: borrelia burgdorferi (aka borreliella burgdorferi)
C: borreliella burgdorferi b31 (borrelia burgdorferi str. b31) (aka borreliella burgdorferi b31)
D: borrelia americana (aka borreliella americana)
E: borrelia africana (aka candidatus borrelia africana)
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Experimental procedures
Strains, growth conditions and reagents
Borrelia burgdorferi strain B31A3 and strain B314 (Sadziene et al., 1993) were grown in modified BSK-II (Barbour, 1984) medium at 34°C under an atmosphere of 0–20% O2 with 5% CO2 and the balance N2.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [borrelia burgdorferi]
<Options>: A: borreliella americana (borrelia americana) (aka borreliella americana)
B: borreliales bacterium
C: borreliella burgdorferi (lyme disease spirochete) (aka borreliella burgdorferi)
D: borrelia
E: borrelia garinii (aka borreliella garinii)
F: None of the above. | [C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'E. coli strain Top10, strain TA4315 (ahpCF) (Storz et al., 1989) and CM1319 (mutM) (Bridges et al., 1996) were grown in Luria–Bertani (LB) at 37°C with shaking.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [e. coli]
<Options>: A: escherichia coli (escherichia/shigella coli) (aka escherichia coli)
B: prokaryotes (aka bacteria)
C: escherichia sp.
D: enterobacteriaceae bacterium
E: unspecified coliform bacterium
F: None of the above. | [A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Per cent survivability assays
Borrelia burgdorferi strain B31A3 was grown to a cell density of 5 × 107 cells ml−1 in BSK II under microaerobic (3% O2) conditions, the culture split and the cells treated with varying concentrations of oxidants (0–50 mM t-butyl hydroperoxide or H2O2) at 34°C for 4 h. After the incubation, cells were diluted in fresh BSK II, plated on BSK plates and incubated 7–14 days at 34°C.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [borrelia burgdorferi]
<Options>: A: borrelia americana (aka borreliella americana)
B: borreliales bacterium
C: borrelia fainii (aka candidatus borrelia fainii)
D: lyme disease spirochete (aka borreliella burgdorferi)
E: borreliella burgdorferi b31 (borrelia burgdorferi str. b31) (aka borreliella burgdorferi b31)
F: None of the above. | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Per cent survivability assays
Borrelia burgdorferi strain B31A3 was grown to a cell density of 5 × 107 cells ml−1 in BSK II under microaerobic (3% O2) conditions, the culture split and the cells treated with varying concentrations of oxidants (0–50 mM t-butyl hydroperoxide or H2O2) at 34°C for 4 h. After the incubation, cells were diluted in fresh BSK II, plated on BSK plates and incubated 7–14 days at 34°C.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [borrelia burgdorferi]
<Options>: A: borrelia fainii (aka candidatus borrelia fainii)
B: borreliella burgdorferi b31 (borrelia burgdorferi str. b31) (aka borreliella burgdorferi b31)
C: borrelia americana (aka borreliella americana)
D: borreliales bacterium
E: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Determination of the spontaneous mutation rate
To determine spontaneous resistance to coumermycin A1, B. burgdorferi B31A3 cells were grown under microaerobic conditions to a cell density of 5 × 107 cells ml−1 and treated with 5 mM H2O2 for 1 h at 34°C.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [b. burgdorferi]
<Options>: A: borrelia africana (aka candidatus borrelia africana)
B: borrelia burgdorferi b31 (aka borreliella burgdorferi b31)
C: borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (aka borreliella)
D: borrelia fainii (aka candidatus borrelia fainii)
E: borrelia burgdorferi (aka borreliella burgdorferi)
F: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Measurement of DNA base lesions
Borrelia burgdorferi B31A3 cells were grown in BSK-II under microaerobic conditions to a cell density of 5 × 107 cells ml−1, treated with various oxidants (1 or 10 mM t-butyl hydroperoxide, 1 or 10 mM H2O2, 10 mM paraquat or lipoxidase) for 4 h and total DNA was isolated using Wizard Genomic DNA Purification Kit (Promega Corp., Madison, WI).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [borrelia burgdorferi]
<Options>: A: borrelia
B: borrelia garinii (aka borreliella garinii)
C: borrelia burgdorferi group (aka borreliella)
D: borrelia africana (aka candidatus borrelia africana)
E: lyme disease spirochete (aka borreliella burgdorferi)
F: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'As a control, E. coli TA4315 cells were grown in minimal media to OD600 of 0.4, treated with 0 or 100 µM H2O2 for 30 min and DNA isolated.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [e. coli]
<Options>: A: enterococcus coli (aka escherichia coli)
B: unspecified coliform bacterium
C: escherichia faecalis ('escherichia faecalis') (aka escherichia faecalis)
D: enterobacteria (aka enterobacteriaceae)
E: escherichia sp.
F: None of the above. | [A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'B. burgdorferi strain B314 cells were grown under microaerobic conditions and DNA isolated.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [b. burgdorferi]
<Options>: A: borrelia garinii (aka borreliella garinii)
B: borreliella burgdorferi (lyme disease spirochete) (aka borreliella burgdorferi)
C: borreliella (borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato) (aka borreliella)
D: candidatus borrelia africana (borrelia africana) (aka candidatus borrelia africana)
E: borrelia
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'To determine the amount of 8-oxoguanine in B. burgdorferi DNA, cells were grown and treated as described above and DNA isolated.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [b. burgdorferi]
<Options>: A: borreliella burgdorferi (lyme disease spirochete) (aka borreliella burgdorferi)
B: borreliella burgdorferi b31 (borrelia burgdorferi str. b31) (aka borreliella burgdorferi b31)
C: borrelia
D: borrelomyces (aka mycoplasma)
E: borrelia africana (aka candidatus borrelia africana)
F: None of the above. | [A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'As a control, E. coli CM1319 (mutM) cells were grown in LB to OD600 of 0.4, treated with 0 or 100 µM H2O2 for 1 h and DNA isolated.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [e. coli]
<Options>: A: bacterium coli (aka escherichia coli)
B: enterobacteria (aka enterobacteriaceae)
C: enterobacteriales (aka enterobacterales)
D: enterobacteriaceae bacterium
E: escherichia faecalis ('escherichia faecalis') (aka escherichia faecalis)
F: None of the above. | [A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Lipid analyses
To determine fatty acid content in B. burgdorferi total membranes, B. burgdorferi strain B31A3 was grown under anaerobic conditions to a cell density of 5 × 107 cells ml−1, harvested by centrifugation (5000 g, 15 min, 4°C) and washed two times with HN (20 mM NaCl, 50 mM Hepes, pH 7.6) buffer.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [b. burgdorferi]
<Options>: A: lyme disease spirochete (aka borreliella burgdorferi)
B: borrelia genomosp. 1 (aka borreliella genomosp. 1)
C: borrelia americana (aka borreliella americana)
D: borrelia
E: borrelia burgdorferi b31 (aka borreliella burgdorferi b31)
F: None of the above. | [A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'To determine the effects of oxidants on fatty acid composition, a 1.5 l culture of B. burgdorferi strain B31A3 was grown under microaerobic conditions to a cell density of 5 × 107 cells ml−1.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [b. burgdorferi]
<Options>: A: borrelia garinii (aka borreliella garinii)
B: lyme disease spirochete (aka borreliella burgdorferi)
C: borreliales bacterium
D: borrelomyces (aka mycoplasma)
E: candidatus borrelia africana (borrelia africana) (aka candidatus borrelia africana)
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Measurement of MDA
Borrelia burgdorferi strain B31A3 was grown aerobically, microaerobically and anaerobically as described above to a cell density of 5 × 107 cells ml−1.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [borrelia burgdorferi]
<Options>: A: borreliella (borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato) (aka borreliella)
B: borreliella genomosp. 1 (borreliella genomospecies 1) (aka borreliella genomosp. 1)
C: borrelia
D: lyme disease spirochete (aka borreliella burgdorferi)
E: borreliella americana (borrelia americana) (aka borreliella americana)
F: None of the above. | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'As a negative control, E. coli Top10 cells were grown to OD600 of 0.4, treated with 0 or 5 mM AAPH for 30 min and MDA measured as above.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [e. coli]
<Options>: A: bacterium coli (aka escherichia coli)
B: escherichia
C: enterobacteria (aka enterobacteriaceae)
D: escherichia phage
E: 'escherichia faecalis' (aka escherichia faecalis)
F: None of the above. | [A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'As a negative control, E. coli Top10 cells were grown to OD600 of 0.4, treated with 0 or 5 mM AAPH for 30 min and MDA measured as above.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [e. coli]
<Options>: A: escherichia phage
B: escherichia
C: 'escherichia faecalis' (aka escherichia faecalis)
D: enterobacteria (aka enterobacteriaceae)
E: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'As a positive control, mouse myeloma SP2/O cells were cultured with HYQ-CCM1 (HyClone) medium at 37°C in a humidified 5% CO2 atmosphere, treated with 1 mM AAPH at 37°C for 4 h (Chotimarkorn et al., 2005) and MDA measured as above.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [mouse]
<Options>: A: mus musculus (house mouse) (aka mus musculus)
B: mus musculoides (mus musculoides enclavae) (aka mus musculoides)
C: eastern european house mouse (aka mus musculus musculus)
D: mus (aka mus <genus>) (aka mus <genus>)
E: peromyscus
F: None of the above. | [A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Identification of lipid damage using Diphenyl-1-pyrenylphosphine fluorescent stain
Borrelia burgdorferi strain B31A3 cells were grown microaerobically as described above until a cell density of 5 × 107 cells ml−1 was obtained.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [borrelia burgdorferi]
<Options>: A: borrelia
B: borrelia burgdorferi group (aka borreliella)
C: borreliella burgdorferi (lyme disease spirochete) (aka borreliella burgdorferi)
D: borreliales bacterium
E: borrelia burgdorferi b31 (aka borreliella burgdorferi b31)
F: None of the above. | [C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Briefly, after cells were stained with the Red Fluorescent dye, 2 ml of rabbit serum was added to stop the reaction and the mixture incubated for 1 min at RT.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [rabbit]
<Options>: A: lepus europaeus europaeus
B: lepus cuniculus cuniculus (aka oryctolagus cuniculus cuniculus)
C: ox (aka bos taurus) (aka bos taurus)
D: lepus (hares) (aka lepus)
E: japanese white rabbit (aka oryctolagus cuniculus)
F: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'As a positive control, mouse myeloma SP2/O cells were cultured with HYQ-CCM1 (HyClone) medium at 37°C in a humidified 5% CO2 atmosphere, treated with 1 mM AAPH at 37°C for 4 h (Chotimarkorn et al., 2005) and stained as described above.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [mouse]
<Options>: A: peromyscus
B: mouse (aka mus musculus)
C: mice (aka mus sp.) (aka mus sp.)
D: mus <genus> (mice (aka mus <genus>))
E: mus musculus musculus (eastern european house mouse) (aka mus musculus musculus)
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'As a negative control, E. coli Top10 cells were grown to OD600 of 0.4, treated with 0 or 5 mM AAPH for 30 min and stained as described above.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [e. coli]
<Options>: A: enterobacteria (aka enterobacteriaceae)
B: enterobacteriaceae bacterium
C: escherichia coli b (escherichia coli (strain b)) (aka escherichia coli b)
D: escherichia coli (escherichia/shigella coli) (aka escherichia coli)
E: escherichia sp.
F: None of the above. | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Electron microscopy
Borrelia burgdorferi cells were grown under microaerobic or anaerobic conditions to a cell density of 5 × 107 cells ml−1.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [borrelia burgdorferi]
<Options>: A: candidatus borrelia africana (borrelia africana) (aka candidatus borrelia africana)
B: borrelia
C: borreliella genomospecies 1 (aka borreliella genomosp. 1)
D: lyme disease spirochete (aka borreliella burgdorferi)
E: borreliella burgdorferi b31 (borrelia burgdorferi str. b31) (aka borreliella burgdorferi b31)
F: None of the above. | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In the initial analysis of the autoantibody profile in 39 Chinese BD patients, autoantibodies to cellular proteins were uncovered in 23% as determined by immunoblotting.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patients]
<Options>: A: mus musculus (house mouse) (aka mus musculus)
B: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
C: cancer
D: other (aka unidentified)
E: suborder
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Serum from a BD patient was used as a probe to immunoscreen a λZAP expression cDNA library.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patient]
<Options>: A: other (aka unidentified)
B: cancer
C: human (aka homo sapiens)
D: probles
E: theraps
F: None of the above. | [C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Reactivity was also examined with normal control sera and disease control sera from patients with lupus and Sjögren's syndrome.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patients]
<Options>: A: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
B: theraps
C: mus musculus (house mouse) (aka mus musculus)
D: other (aka unidentified)
E: humans (aka homo)
F: None of the above. | [A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Six independent candidate clones were isolated from the cDNA library screen and were identified as overlapping partial human kinectin cDNAs.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [human]
<Options>: A: animals (aka metazoa)
B: species
C: probles
D: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
E: genus
F: None of the above. | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Six independent candidate clones were isolated from the cDNA library screen and were identified as overlapping partial human kinectin cDNAs.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [human]
<Options>: A: animals (aka metazoa)
B: species
C: probles
D: genus
E: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The finding that kinectin was an autoantigen was verified in 9 out of 39 (23%) BD patient sera by immunoprecipitation of the in vitro translation products.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patient]
<Options>: A: circe
B: subsection
C: species
D: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
E: kingdom
F: None of the above. | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Nevertheless, since the 1960s, there have been reports of autoantibodies against certain unknown components of human oral mucosa in sera of patients with BD.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [human; patients]
<Options>: A: eutherian mammals (aka eutheria)
B: primate (aka primates)
C: probles
D: species
E: kingdom
F: goes
G: avian (aka aves)
H: human (aka homo sapiens)
I: this
J: None of the above. | [H; H] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Nevertheless, since the 1960s, there have been reports of autoantibodies against certain unknown components of human oral mucosa in sera of patients with BD.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [human; patients]
<Options>: A: goes
B: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
C: species
D: mammals (aka mammalia)
E: kingdom
F: suborder
G: mouse (aka mus musculus)
H: this
I: mus <genus> (mice (aka mus <genus>))
J: None of the above. | [B; B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Since then, sporadic reports on findings of autoantibodies in this disease have been described, such as antibodies to retinal antigen(s), heat shock protein (HSP) of some strains of Streptococcus sanguis cross-reactive with human HSP polypeptide', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [streptococcus sanguis; human]
<Options>: A: humans (aka homo)
B: streptococcus parasuis
C: eutherian mammals (aka eutheria)
D: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
E: streptococcus ovis
F: streptococcus oralis subsp. oralis
G: probles
H: genus
I: streptococcus sanguinis
J: streptococcus bovis (aka streptococcus equinus)
K: None of the above. | [I; D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Since then, sporadic reports on findings of autoantibodies in this disease have been described, such as antibodies to retinal antigen(s), heat shock protein (HSP) of some strains of Streptococcus sanguis cross-reactive with human HSP polypeptide', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [streptococcus sanguis; human]
<Options>: A: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
B: kingdom
C: macrobiotus sapiens
D: streptococcus oralis (streptococcus oralis bridge and sneath 1982) (aka streptococcus oralis)
E: probles
F: primate (aka primates)
G: streptococcus ovis
H: streptococcus sanguinis
I: streptococcus dentsuis (aka streptococcus dentisuis)
J: streptococcus mutans
K: None of the above. | [H; A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Materials and methods
Patients and sera
The currently used empirical criteria for the diagnosis of BD in this study were the criteria proposed by the International Study Group for BD (abbreviated as 'International Criteria')', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patients]
<Options>: A: this
B: homo (humans) (aka homo)
C: probles
D: aides
E: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
F: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Materials and methods
Patients and sera
The currently used empirical criteria for the diagnosis of BD in this study were the criteria proposed by the International Study Group for BD (abbreviated as 'International Criteria')', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patients]
<Options>: A: probles
B: aides
C: homo (humans) (aka homo)
D: this
E: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The study subjects of 39 Chinese BD patients comprised 17 males and 22 females, mean age 37 ± 11.3 years old, who were divided into two subgroups: 25 typical BD patients (Group I, satisfying the International Criteria) and 14 clinically diagnosed BD patients who had recurrent oral ulcers and one of the symptoms of genital ulcers, eye symptoms or skin lesions as defined by the International Criteria, as well as additional symptom(s) closely related to BD as listed in the International Criteria, that is, gastrointestinal ulcerations, deep vein thrombosis or arthralgia/arthritis without evidence that the latter symptoms might be related to any other disease (Group II, defined as 'probable BD' in this study).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patients]
<Options>: A: theraps
B: genus
C: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
D: probles
E: humans (aka homo)
F: None of the above. | [C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Disease controls included 10 patients with SLE and 10 with SjS, all satisfying corresponding international classification criteria.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patients]
<Options>: A: probles
B: mouse (aka mus musculus)
C: human (aka homo sapiens)
D: suborder
E: goes
F: None of the above. | [C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'All BD patients and disease controls involved in the study were patients treated at the Rheumatology Department of Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai, China, where their clinical data and serum samples were collected.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patients]
<Options>: A: subsection
B: other (aka unidentified)
C: cancer
D: homo (humans) (aka homo)
E: human (aka homo sapiens)
F: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'This study was approved by the institution review board of Ren Ji Hospital which is affiliated with Shanghai Second Medical University, and each patient involved gave informed consent.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patient]
<Options>: A: proxys
B: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
C: subsection
D: goes
E: other (aka unidentified)
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Cell lines and cell extracts
HeLa (ATCC CCL 2.2) and T24 (human transitional cell bladder carcinoma) were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (Rockville, MD, USA).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [human]
<Options>: A: suborder
B: birds (aka aves)
C: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
D: mammals (aka mammalia)
E: species
F: None of the above. | [C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'A bovine aortic endothelial cell line was kindly provided by Dr Eugene G Levin from the Scripps Research Institute (La Jolla, CA, USA).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [bovine]
<Options>: A: bovidae
B: bos sp.
C: bos bubalis bubalis (aka bubalus bubalis bubalis)
D: bos primigenius taurus (aka bos taurus)
E: bos taurus x bos indicus (aka bos indicus x bos taurus)
F: None of the above. | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Cells were cultured in DMEM containing 10% calf serum, harvested and extracted in Buffer A (150 mM NaCl, 10 mM Tris-HCl, pH7.2, 0.5% Nonidet P-40) with protease inhibitor (Complete™; Boehringer Mannheim, Indianapolis, IN, USA).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [calf]
<Options>: A: veturius
B: boveria
C: gallus
D: cattle (aka bos)
E: domestic cow (aka bos taurus)
F: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Western blot
Whole cell lysates from bovine aortic endothelial cell, HeLa and T24 cells were resolved individually by discontinuous 7.5% gel SDS-PAGE according to Laemmli's method', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [bovine]
<Options>: A: bos taurus indicus (aka bos indicus)
B: bovinae
C: cow (aka bos taurus) (aka bos taurus)
D: bos bubalis (aka bubalus bubalis)
E: bovidae
F: None of the above. | [C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Nitrocellulose strips were blocked with 3% nonfat milk in PBS containing 0.05% Tween-20 (PBS-T) and then incubated with BD patient sera and normal control sera (1:100 dilution) at room temperature for 1 h. Filters were washed extensively with PBS-T to remove any unbound antibodies.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patient]
<Options>: A: humans (aka homo)
B: suborder
C: kingdom
D: human (aka homo sapiens)
E: isolate
F: None of the above. | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Bound antibodies were detected with polyvalent, peroxidase-conjugated goat anti-human Ig and visualized by incubating the nitrocellulose strips in chemiluminescent reagents (NEN Life Science Products Inc., Boston, MA, USA) and exposing to Kodak XAR-5 films.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [goat; human]
<Options>: A: eutherian mammals (aka eutheria)
B: capra
C: probles
D: capra hircus aegagrus (aka capra aegagrus)
E: suborder
F: primate (aka primates)
G: capneidae
H: donkey (aka equus asinus)
I: human (aka homo sapiens)
J: goats (aka capra hircus)
K: None of the above. | [J; I] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Bound antibodies were detected with polyvalent, peroxidase-conjugated goat anti-human Ig and visualized by incubating the nitrocellulose strips in chemiluminescent reagents (NEN Life Science Products Inc., Boston, MA, USA) and exposing to Kodak XAR-5 films.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [goat; human]
<Options>: A: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
B: sueus
C: homo (humans) (aka homo)
D: bovidae
E: capra
F: capneidae
G: domestic goat (aka capra hircus)
H: primate (aka primates)
I: this
J: mammals (aka mammalia)
K: None of the above. | [G; A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Screening of phage cDNA expression library with antibody probes
Serum from a BD patient showing the highest antibody titer in immunoblotting was selected as a probe and used at a dilution of 1:300 for initial immunoscreening of approximately 106 recombinants from a T24 cDNA expression library.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patient]
<Options>: A: theraps
B: isolate
C: proxys
D: genus
E: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
F: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In brief, 1 μg of the pBK-CMV plasmid identified in the screening outlined above was added as template in a 50-μl reaction for the coupled in vitro transcription and translation reaction with a rabbit reticulocyte lysate system (Promega, Madison, WI, USA) in the presence of 35S-methionine (Trans-35S label; ICN Biochemicals, Costa Mesa, CA, USA) and RNasin® Ribonuclease Inhibitor (Stratagene) as recommended by the manufacturer (Promega).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [rabbit]
<Options>: A: oryctolagus cuniculus cuniculus (lepus cuniculus cuniculus) (aka oryctolagus cuniculus cuniculus)
B: japanese white rabbit (aka oryctolagus cuniculus)
C: bovidae
D: european hare (aka lepus europaeus)
E: lepus europaeus europaeus
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Results and discussion
Autoantibody detection in sera from BD patients
Initial examination of a group of 39 BD patients using indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) on a HEp-2 cell substrate did not yield any characteristic nuclear or cytoplasmic staining patterns.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patients]
<Options>: A: mouse (aka mus musculus)
B: theraps
C: mus <genus> (mice (aka mus <genus>))
D: other (aka unidentified)
E: human (aka homo sapiens)
F: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In this study, the use of bovine aortic endothelial cells as substrate for IIF did not provide any additional data.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [bovine]
<Options>: A: bos sp.
B: cattle (aka bos)
C: bos bubalis bubalis (aka bubalus bubalis bubalis)
D: bovine (aka bos taurus)
E: bos indicus (bos primigenius indicus) (aka bos indicus)
F: None of the above. | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'However, Western blot analysis of the BD sera began to show some interesting autoreactivity using cell lysates from both HeLa and bovine aortic endothelial cells.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [bovine]
<Options>: A: bos bubalis (aka bubalus bubalis)
B: bos taurus x bos indicus (aka bos indicus x bos taurus)
C: bovidae
D: dairy cow (aka bos taurus)
E: bos indicus (bos primigenius indicus) (aka bos indicus)
F: None of the above. | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Since the 49 kDa and 120 kDa bands were observed in cell extracts from bovine as well as human cell lines, these autoantigens might be evolutionarily conserved.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [bovine; human]
<Options>: A: bos (cattle) (aka bos)
B: bos bubalis (aka bubalus bubalis)
C: probles
D: primate (aka primates)
E: boveria
F: cow (aka bos taurus) (aka bos taurus)
G: bos bubalis bubalis (aka bubalus bubalis bubalis)
H: placental mammals (aka eutheria)
I: human (aka homo sapiens)
J: genus
K: None of the above. | [F; I] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Since the 49 kDa and 120 kDa bands were observed in cell extracts from bovine as well as human cell lines, these autoantigens might be evolutionarily conserved.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [bovine; human]
<Options>: A: bos (cattle) (aka bos)
B: cow (aka bos taurus) (aka bos taurus)
C: placental mammals (aka eutheria)
D: probles
E: boveria
F: genus
G: bos bubalis bubalis (aka bubalus bubalis bubalis)
H: primate (aka primates)
I: bos bubalis (aka bubalus bubalis)
J: None of the above. | [B; J] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Since the 49 kDa and 120 kDa bands were observed in cell extracts from bovine as well as human cell lines, these autoantigens might be evolutionarily conserved.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [bovine; human]
<Options>: A: bovidae
B: bovine (aka bos taurus)
C: bovinae
D: animals (aka metazoa)
E: suborder
F: bos taurus x bos indicus (aka bos indicus x bos taurus)
G: macrobiotus sapiens
H: this
I: bos indicus (bos primigenius indicus) (aka bos indicus)
J: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
K: None of the above. | [B; J] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'I definitive BD patients with the strongest reactivity to 49 kDa and 120 kDa antigens (Fig. 1, lane 2) was selected as antibody probe for expression library screening.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patients]
<Options>: A: mus musculus (house mouse) (aka mus musculus)
B: human (aka homo sapiens)
C: other (aka unidentified)
D: mus <genus> (mice (aka mus <genus>))
E: probles
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Their identities were established as overlapping partial cDNAs of human kinectin, ranging from 1.9 kb to 3 kb (Fig. 2a).', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [human]
<Options>: A: genus
B: mammals (aka mammalia)
C: species
D: animals (aka metazoa)
E: human (aka homo sapiens)
F: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The full-length human kinectin (GenBank accession number NM_182926[27]) has 4,816 bases containing an open reading frame coding 1,357 amino acid residues with molecular mass 156 kDa.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [human]
<Options>: A: mammals (aka mammalia)
B: kingdom
C: suborder
D: probles
E: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
F: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Kinectin was initially identified in chick embryo brain microsome as an integral membrane protein anchored in endoplasmic reticulum and involved in kinesin-driven vesicle motility along microtubules [28,29].', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [chick]
<Options>: A: mus spretus (mus musculus spretus) (aka mus spretus)
B: gallasellus
C: landfowls (aka galliformes)
D: gallus gallus (gallus gallus domesticus) (aka gallus gallus)
E: gallus sp.
F: None of the above. | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Yeast two-hybrid screen studies from several laboratories have revealed the interaction of the Rho family of GTPase with kinectin, and have shown the functional links among RhoG, kinectin and kinesin, with kinectin as a key effector of RhoG microtubule-dependent cellular activity [32].', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [yeast]
<Options>: A: saccharomyces cerevisiae (saccharomyces cerevisiae (desm.) meyen ex e.c. hansen, 1883) (aka saccharomyces cerevisiae)
B: saccharomyceta
C: saccharomyces sp.
D: saccharomycotina (budding yeasts & others) (aka saccharomycotina)
E: candida/saccharomycetales (aka candida/saccharomycales clade)
F: None of the above. | [A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Out of 39 BD patient sera, nine (23%) recognized the BD44 translation product (Fig. 3), whereas sera from 20 normal controls, 10 SLE and 10 SjS patients did not show reactivity.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patient; patients]
<Options>: A: genus
B: species
C: cancer
D: humans (aka homo)
E: goes
F: suborder
G: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
H: subsection
I: None of the above. | [G; G] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Out of 39 BD patient sera, nine (23%) recognized the BD44 translation product (Fig. 3), whereas sera from 20 normal controls, 10 SLE and 10 SjS patients did not show reactivity.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patient; patients]
<Options>: A: isolate
B: genus
C: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
D: circe
E: kingdom
F: cancer
G: species
H: subsection
I: theraps
J: None of the above. | [C; C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Among the nine anti-kinectin positive patients, six (6/25, 24%) were from Group I (definitive BD) including the BD patient whose serum was used in the immunoscreening of expression cDNA library, and three (3/14, 21.4%) patients were from the Group II (probable BD) in this study.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patients; patient]
<Options>: A: cancer
B: homo (humans) (aka homo)
C: aides
D: suborder
E: proxys
F: this
G: human (aka homo sapiens)
H: isolate
I: genus
J: None of the above. | [G; G] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Among the nine anti-kinectin positive patients, six (6/25, 24%) were from Group I (definitive BD) including the BD patient whose serum was used in the immunoscreening of expression cDNA library, and three (3/14, 21.4%) patients were from the Group II (probable BD) in this study.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patients; patient]
<Options>: A: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
B: theraps
C: suborder
D: aides
E: genus
F: mouse (aka mus musculus)
G: cancer
H: probles
I: goes
J: None of the above. | [A; A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The combined data substantiated the finding that kinectin is an autoantigen that can be recognized by sera from 23% of Chinese BD patients in this study with at least one immunoreactive region or autoepitope residing within the BD44 encoded polypeptide.
', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patients]
<Options>: A: suborder
B: goes
C: human (aka homo sapiens)
D: genus
E: theraps
F: None of the above. | [C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'As discussed above, differential diagnosis of BD might be confusing in clinical practice since no specific laboratory test is available, and some patients may have symptoms and signs strongly suggestive of BD but do not fully satisfy the International Criteria, as in the Group II (probable BD) patients in our study group.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patients]
<Options>: A: species
B: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
C: cancer
D: homo (humans) (aka homo)
E: probles
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'A number of investigators have pointed out that a comprehensive analysis of the clinical data for a given patient is very important for correct clinical diagnosis of BD, and that classification/diagnosis criteria, including the International Criteria, should be followed but should not be exclusive.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patient]
<Options>: A: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
B: data
C: humans (aka homo)
D: proxys
E: suborder
F: None of the above. | [A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The observation that three out of 14 patients in the probable BD group also had antibody to kinectin and the similar percentage of positive reactors between this group and Group I (21.4% versus 24%) supports this notion.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patients]
<Options>: A: suborder
B: subsection
C: probles
D: goes
E: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
F: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The further use of non-clinical parameters such as immunological biomarkers as adjuncts to identify BD patients could be of help in the classification of this disease entity
While our work was ongoing, anti-kinectin antibodies were reported in sera from patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patients]
<Options>: A: subsection
B: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
C: suborder
D: homo (humans) (aka homo)
E: other (aka unidentified)
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The further use of non-clinical parameters such as immunological biomarkers as adjuncts to identify BD patients could be of help in the classification of this disease entity
While our work was ongoing, anti-kinectin antibodies were reported in sera from patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patients]
<Options>: A: subsection
B: homo (humans) (aka homo)
C: suborder
D: other (aka unidentified)
E: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The first HCC report [35] identified kinectin as a tumor-associated antigen from the screening of an autologous cDNA library constructed from the cancer of a 30-year-old patient from Guangxi, China.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patient]
<Options>: A: species
B: aides
C: human (aka homo sapiens)
D: kingdom
E: humans (aka homo)
F: None of the above. | [C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'This report stated that four out of five HCC patients tested were positive for anti-kinectin antibody', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patients]
<Options>: A: subsection
B: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
C: mouse (aka mus musculus)
D: other (aka unidentified)
E: circe
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In 2004, another laboratory also reported the cloning of kinectin as a tumor-associated antigen from a (presumably) different 30-year-old Chinese HCC patient [36].', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patient]
<Options>: A: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
B: kingdom
C: circe
D: goes
E: data
F: None of the above. | [A] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In contrast, anti-kinectin antibodies were not detected in other studies of HCC patients associated with our laboratory [39,40].', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patients]
<Options>: A: circe
B: other (aka unidentified)
C: this
D: goes
E: human (aka homo sapiens)
F: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The initial report by Hirano et al. identified kinectin by screening an aplastic anemia patient for candidate antigens using a Clontech human fetal liver cDNA expression library and it was concluded that seven out of 18 aplastic anemia patients were positive for anti-kinectin while none of the normal or disease controls had this antibody', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patient; human; patients]
<Options>: A: theraps
B: genus
C: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
D: homo (humans) (aka homo)
E: cellular organisms (biota) (aka cellular organisms)
F: mus <genus> (mice (aka mus <genus>))
G: aides
H: kingdom
I: this
J: mouse (aka mus musculus)
K: other (aka unidentified)
L: macrobiotus sapiens
M: None of the above. | [C; C; C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The initial report by Hirano et al. identified kinectin by screening an aplastic anemia patient for candidate antigens using a Clontech human fetal liver cDNA expression library and it was concluded that seven out of 18 aplastic anemia patients were positive for anti-kinectin while none of the normal or disease controls had this antibody', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patient; human; patients]
<Options>: A: mus <genus> (mice (aka mus <genus>))
B: placental mammals (aka eutheria)
C: human (aka homo sapiens)
D: homo (humans) (aka homo)
E: species
F: data
G: goes
H: circe
I: aides
J: theraps
K: this
L: genus
M: None of the above. | [C; C; C] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The initial report by Hirano et al. identified kinectin by screening an aplastic anemia patient for candidate antigens using a Clontech human fetal liver cDNA expression library and it was concluded that seven out of 18 aplastic anemia patients were positive for anti-kinectin while none of the normal or disease controls had this antibody', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patient; human; patients]
<Options>: A: data
B: circe
C: this
D: placental mammals (aka eutheria)
E: theraps
F: mus <genus> (mice (aka mus <genus>))
G: homo (humans) (aka homo)
H: species
I: goes
J: genus
K: aides
L: None of the above. | [L; L; L] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'The initial report by Hirano et al. identified kinectin by screening an aplastic anemia patient for candidate antigens using a Clontech human fetal liver cDNA expression library and it was concluded that seven out of 18 aplastic anemia patients were positive for anti-kinectin while none of the normal or disease controls had this antibody', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patient; human; patients]
<Options>: A: circe
B: probles
C: homo (humans) (aka homo)
D: mouse (aka mus musculus)
E: this
F: proxys
G: suborder
H: genus
I: avian (aka aves)
J: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
K: None of the above. | [J; J; J] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In their recent report, Hirano et al. reported that anti-kinectin antibodies were found in 39% of aplastic anemia patients from the United States but only in three out of 30 (10%) cases in Japan [38].', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patients]
<Options>: A: aides
B: mus <genus> (mice (aka mus <genus>))
C: probles
D: other (aka unidentified)
E: human (aka homo sapiens)
F: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'In our study reported here, kinectin antibodies were only detected in BD patients and not in normal controls and SLE and SjS disease controls.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patients]
<Options>: A: aides
B: probles
C: mus musculus (house mouse) (aka mus musculus)
D: theraps
E: human (aka homo sapiens)
F: None of the above. | [E] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'None of the BD patients with anti-kinectin had signs of HCC or aplastic anemia at the time of diagnosis and at up to 4 years of follow-up.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patients]
<Options>: A: species
B: genus
C: subsection
D: human (aka homo sapiens)
E: aides
F: None of the above. | [D] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Giantin, the highest molecular weight Golgi autoantigen reported, is the predominant target of human anti-Golgi complex antibodies and multiple non-cross-reactive epitopes have been mapped spanning the 350 kDa protein', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [human]
<Options>: A: avian (aka aves)
B: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
C: humans (aka homo)
D: suborder
E: mammals (aka mammalia)
F: None of the above. | [B] |
<Instruct>: Given the context 'Conclusion
Here we report the detection of kinectin autoantibody in 23% of Chinese patients with BD.', select the correct biomedical concept for each mention using the provided options. Answer by listing the selected options, one for each mention, separated by semicolon. | <Mentions>: [patients]
<Options>: A: homo sapiens (human) (aka homo sapiens)
B: goes
C: suborder
D: cancer
E: theraps
F: None of the above. | [A] |
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