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Keystone Central School District The Keystone Central School District (KCSD) is a midsized rural, public school district based in Lock Haven, Pennsylvania that includes public schools in Clinton County, and that serves students in Clinton County, Centre County, and Potter County. Geographically, the Keystone Central School District is the biggest school district in Pennsylvania. It encompasses approximately 1,048 sqmi square miles. According to 2000 federal census data, it served a resident population of 36,950. By 2010, the district's population was 37,794 people, making it a district of the third class. The educational attainment levels for the School District population (25 years old and over) were 85.7% high school graduates and 17.2% college graduates. The district is one of the 500 public school districts of Pennsylvania.
Crawford Central School District The Crawford Central School District is a midsized, public school district in Crawford county, Pennsylvania. It serves the City of Meadville, Borough of Cochranton and East Fairfield Township, Fairfield Township, Union Township, Vernon Township, Wayne Township and West Mead Township in Crawford County, Pennsylvania. Crawford Central School District encompasses approximately 156 square miles. According to 2000 federal census data, it serves a resident population of 30,882 people. By 2010, the district's population declined to 30,635 people. In 2009, the Crawford Central School District residents' per capita income was $18,463, while the median family income was $43,771. In the Commonwealth, the median family income was $49,501 and the United States median family income was $49,445, in 2010. By 2013, the median household income in the United States rose to $52,100.
Manheim Central School District The Manheim Central School District is a school district in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania. Manheim Central School District consists of the borough of Manheim, Penn Township, and Rapho Township. Located in northwestern Lancaster County, the school district encompasses 78.2 square miles. The school district lies approximately seven miles north of the City of Lancaster, approximately eighty miles west of the City of Philadelphia and twenty-five miles east of the City of Harrisburg.
West Shore School District West Shore School District, is a large, suburban, public school district with its main office located in Lewisberry, Pennsylvania.The Superintendent is Todd Stoltz. This district serves students in eastern Cumberland County and northern York County. It serves the municipalities of Lemoyne, New Cumberland and Wormleysburg boroughs and Lower Allen Township in Cumberland County; Goldsboro and Lewisberry boroughs, Fairview Township and Newberry Township in York County. West Shore School District encompasses approximately 78 sqmi . According to 2000 federal census data, the District served a resident population of 57,960 people. By 2010, the district's population increased to 62,514 people.
WSHR WSHR (91.9 FM, "91.9 The Arrow") is a radio station licensed to Lake Ronkonkoma, New York and serves the Long Island area. The station is currently owned by Sachem Central School District Holbrook and operated with assistance from a grant by the U.S. Department of Education since the 1960s. It broadcasts out of both Sachem High School East and Sachem High School North. This school district owned radio station can be heard throughout Suffolk County and parts of Nassau County.
Southern York County School District The Southern York County School District is a suburban, public school district in York County in the South Central region of Pennsylvania. It serves: Codorus Township, Glen Rock, Railroad, New Freedom, Shrewsbury Township, Shrewsbury, and a portion of Hopewell Township. Southern York County School District encompasses approximately 68 sqmi . According to 2000 federal census data, it served a resident population of 18,592 people. By 2010, the district's population increased to 20,858 people. The educational attainment levels for the Southern York County School District population (25 years old and over) were 89.3% high school graduates and 26.5% college graduates.
Mattituck-Cutchogue Union Free School District Mattituck-Cutchogue Union Free School District is a public school district located on the North Fork of Long Island, in Suffolk County, New York, United States. It primarily serves the western part of the Town of Southold, as well as a small portion of the Town of Riverhead, and includes the census-designated places of Mattituck, Cutchogue and Laurel, and portions of Jamesport and Peconic. To the east, the district is bordered by the Southold Union Free School District; and on the west, the Riverhead Central School District.
Syosset, New York Syosset is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) in Nassau County, New York, United States, in the northeastern section of the Town of Oyster Bay, on the North Shore of Long Island. Syosset is an affluent upper middle class community, served by the Syosset railroad station, the Syosset Post Office, the Syosset Central School District, the Syosset Public Library, the Syosset Fire Department, and the Jericho Water District. The population was 18,829 at the 2010 census.
Jericho Union Free School District Jericho Union Free School District (or Jericho UFSD) is an American School district in Jericho, New York. It began in 1959 with the completion of Jericho High School. The district contains three elementary schools, one middle school and one high school. The current Superintendent of Schools is Henry L. Grishman.
Greenport Union Free School District Greenport Union Free School District is a public school district located on the North Fork of Long Island, in the Town of Southold, Suffolk County, New York, United States. It includes the village of Greenport, as well as the census-designated place(CDP) of Greenport West. To the west, the district is bordered by the Southold Union Free School District; and on the east, the Oysterponds Union Free School District.
Hauppauge High School Hauppauge High School is a public high school and part of the Hauppauge Union Free School District located in Hauppauge, Suffolk County, Long Island, New York.
Jericho, New York Jericho is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) in Nassau County, New York on the North Shore of Long Island. As of the United States 2010 Census, the CDP population was 13,567. The area is served by the Jericho Union Free School District and the Syosset Central School District, the boundaries of which differ somewhat from those of the hamlet. The boundaries of the Jericho Post Office vary from both the hamlet and the school district boundaries, notably the inclusion of a portion of Jericho in the Westbury zip code, and the inclusion of a portion of Syosset in the Jericho zip code. Also, Jericho is located approximately 29 miles (47 km) east of Midtown Manhattan. Direct service is available by driving west on the Long Island Expressway or one can take the Long Island Rail Road from nearby Hicksville or Syosset train station.
Hauppauge Union Free School District Hauppauge Union Free School District is a school district based in Hauppauge, New York. It is near the Commack School District and Half Hollow Hills Central School District, as well as the Syosset Central School District and Jericho Union Free School District in Nassau County
Half Hollow Hills Central School District Half Hollow Hills Central School District (#5) is located in parts of Dix Hills and Melville, New York, as well as small parts of Wyandanch, Deer Park, West Hills, and Wheatley Heights. The district includes parts of both Huntington and Babylon townships. The school district comprises nine schools (five elementary, two middle, and two high schools).
Southold Union Free School District Southold Union Free School District is a public school district located on the North Fork of Long Island, in Suffolk County, New York, United States. It serves the central portion of the Town of Southold, including the majority of the census-designated place(CDP) of Southold, as well as the eastern portion of the CDP of Peconic. To the east, the district is bordered by the Greenport Union Free School District; and on the west, the Mattituck-Cutchogue Union Free School District.
Oysterponds Union Free School District Oysterponds Union Free School District is a public school district located in the Town of Southold Suffolk County, New York, United States. It is the easternmost school district on the North Fork of Long Island. The district includes the census-designated places(CDPs) of East Marion and Orient. To the west, the district is bordered by the Greenport Union Free School District.
Saint Paul School of Theology Saint Paul School of Theology is a United Methodist Seminary in Overland Park, Kansas in the Kansas City metropolitan area and is one of 13 seminaries of the United Methodist Church. In addition to the Kansas City area campus at Church of the Resurrection, Saint Paul School of Theology at Oklahoma City University has been offering courses since September 2008. The student body has almost equal numbers of men and women, representing many states and other countries. While most students are United Methodist, several other denominations are represented in the student body each year.
First Methodist Episcopal Church (Canton, Ohio) First Methodist Episcopal Church is a historic Methodist church building at 120 Cleveland Ave., SW in Canton, Ohio. Renamed Church of the Savior United Methodist in 1968. Then in 2014, after its congregation was merged with Saint Paul's United Methodist Church, it was renamed Crossroads United Methodist Church.
Eugene Maxwell Frank Eugene Maxwell Frank (December 11, 1907 – October 13, 2009) was an American Bishop of the Methodist and United Methodist Churches, elected in 1956. He was notable for his passion for racial equality in the Church and beyond. He also distinguished himself as a pastor, as both the youngest Methodist bishop and as the most senior United Methodist bishop, and as the one person more than any other responsible for the establishment of the Saint Paul School of Theology in Kansas City, MO.
Cathedral of the Rockies Cathedral of the Rockies, also known as the Cathedral of the Rockies First United Methodist Church, is a United Methodist church located in the historic North End district of Boise, Idaho, United States. The cathedral is the largest United Methodist Church in Boise, Idaho, the largest in the Oregon-Idaho Conference of the United Methodist denomination, and was the first Methodist church in Boise, founded in 1872.
Darlington United Methodist Church Darlington United Methodist Church is located in Darlington, Maryland. It is a pre Civil War structure, built in 1852, with white siding, large windows, and many historically original architecture. It is a church within the Baltimore Washington Conference of the United Methodist Church. It is also one of two churches part of the Darlington Methodist Charge, the other being Dublin United Methodist Church in Street, Maryland. Prior to July 2014, the church shared pastors with Rock Run United Methodist Church, located in nearby Level, Maryland. There was a third sister church, Thomas Run Church which closed its doors in 1945.
Suncreek United Methodist Church Suncreek United Methodist Church is a United Methodist Church in Allen, Texas, part of the North Texas Conference of the UMC. In June of 1995, Rev. Burt Palmer was appointed to begin a new United Methodist Church in Allen. By September of that year, three families were gathering to worship at the parsonage. The group grew, and by the end of that year, Sunday morning worship moved to Green Elementary School. Then, on September 22, 1996, Suncreek was officially constituted as a United Methodist Church. In early 1999, the church began to build on property at Suncreek and McDermott Drives.  This involved renovating a home that was on the site and adding additional rooms for a Sanctuary and classes.  In September 1999, the church left Green Elementary and began meeting in the new buildings. Rev. Kathleen Baskin-Ball was appointed Senior Pastor of Suncreek in June 2001. The following May, the church gathered for a Sunday morning worship service under a large tent to kickoff a capital campaign that would purchase land, renovate the existing building, erect a new building and Sanctuary, and add parking. One year later, the church broke ground on this phase of its development. The new building was completed in April 2004 and consecrated by Bishop William B. Oden on May 23, 2004. In early 2007, Rev. Kathleen Baskin-Ball was diagnosed with cancer. Despite the challenges of her illness and treatment, she continued to lead, serve and love the congregation until her death on December 2, 2008. One of Kathleen’s favorite ministerial duties was performing baptisms.  We desire to remember her with the beautiful Garden in our esplanade just south of the breezeway connecting the sanctuary with the children’s area. Rev. Dr. Thomas O. Palmer was appointed as Senior Pastor in June, 2009 and served until June, 2013.  He now serves as Senior Pastor of Coppell United Methodist Church. Rev. Dr. Keith Payne Boone was appointed as Senior Pastor in June, 2013 and served until June, 2016. He now serves as Senior Pastor of University Park United Methodist Church in Dallas. Rev. Dr. Barry Hughes was appointed as Senior Pastor in June, 2016.
Confession of Faith (United Methodist) The Confession of Faith of the Evangelical United Brethren Church is one of three established Doctrinal Standards of the United Methodist Church, along with the Articles of Religion and the Standard Sermons of John Wesley. The United Methodist Church adopted the Confession of Faith in 1968 when the Methodist Church merged with the Evangelical United Brethren Church to form the United Methodist Church. The Confession of Faith covers much of the same ground as the Articles of Religion, but it is shorter and the language is more contemporary. The Confession of Faith also contains an article on the Judgment and Future State (derived from the Augsburg Confession) which had not been present in the Methodist Articles of Religion.
Ordination of women in Methodism Methodist views on the ordination of women in the rite of holy orders are diverse. Some Methodist denominations practice the ordination of women, such as in the United Methodist Church (UMC), in which the ordination of women has occurred since its creation in 1968, as well as in the Free Methodist Church (FMC), which ordained its first woman elder in 1911, in the Methodist Church of Great Britain, which ordained its first female deacon in 1890 and ordained its first female elders (that is, presbyters) in 1974, and in the Bible Methodist Connection of Churches. Other Methodist denominations do not ordain women, such as the Southern Methodist Church (SMC), Evangelical Methodist Church of America, Fundamental Methodist Conference, and Primitive Methodist Church (PMC), the latter of which does not does not ordain women as elders nor does it license them as pastors or local preachers; the PMC does, however, consecrate women as deaconesses. Independent Methodist parishes that are registered with the Association of Independent Methodists do not permit the ordination of women to holy orders.
Finis Alonzo Crutchfield, Jr. Finis Alonzo Crutchfield, Jr. ((1916--) 22, 1916 – (1987--) 21, 1987 ) was a noted American clergyman and a bishop in the United Methodist Church. He began his pastoral career after graduating from Duke University Divinity School in 1940. His first assignment was First United Methodist Church in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. He remained there until he was sent to Norman, Oklahoma, in 1950. Ten years later he became senior pastor at Boston Avenue Methodist Church in Tulsa. He was credited with bringing Oral Roberts into the Methodist Church (although Roberts later left) and served as a negotiator in the 1968 merger of the Methodist Church with the Evangelical United Brethren Church.
Oak Grove United Methodist Church Oak Grove United Methodist Church is located in Chesapeake, VA, and is known as “the mother of all Methodist congregations in Hampton Roads”. It has helped found four other Methodist churches in the area: Community United Methodist, Great Bridge United Methodist, Messiah United Methodist, and Oaklette United Methodist It is located on the corner of North Battlefield and Great Bridge boulevards, and was the fourth Methodist church established in the Northampton County. The church’s history dates back to the 1700s, and since then the church has established a wide variety of ministries and has been declared a historical structure. The church follows Methodism, a movement started by John Wesley in an effort to reform the Church of England from within.
Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences The Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences (WCGS) (formerly known as the Cornell University Graduate School of Medical Sciences) is a graduate college of Cornell University that was founded in 1952 as an academic partnership between two major medical institutions in New York City: the Weill Cornell Medical College and the Sloan-Kettering Institute. Cornell is involved in the Tri-Institutional MD-PhD Program with Rockefeller University and the Sloan-Kettering Institute; each of these three institutions is part of a large biomedical center extending along York Avenue between 65th and 72nd Streets on the Upper East Side of Manhattan.
Cornell School of Nursing The Cornell University School of Nursing was founded in 1877 as the New York Hospital Training School for Nurses, in New York City. As a part of New York Hospital, the school began its connection with Cornell University when Cornell's Medical College affiliated with New York Hospital in 1927. In 1932, the school moved to the joint campus on the upper east side of New York when both institutions co-located. The school became affiliated with Cornell and renamed as the Cornell University-New York Hospital School of Nursing in 1942.
James W. LaBelle James W. LaBelle is an American physicist. He received his B.S. from Stanford University in 1980, his M.S. from Cornell University in 1982 and his Ph.D. from Cornell in 1985. He is currently a professor in the Department of Physics and Astronomy at Dartmouth College in Hanover, New Hampshire and has been a professor there since 1989. His primary field of study is ionosphere and magnetosphere plasma physics. He was awarded a McMullen Fellowship for Graduate Study in 1980-1981, a Presidential Young Investigator Award in 1990-1995, and a Dartmouth Junior Faculty Fellowship in the spring of 1993.
School of Criticism and Theory The School of Criticism and Theory, now at Cornell University, is a summer program (offered in six-week seminars) in social science and literature. It is one of the most influential such programs in the United States to propagate the new dominant stream of "literary-critical-cultural 'theory'." The school was co-founded in 1976 by Murray Krieger, a prominent New Critic, at the University of California, Irvine, and has previously been housed at Northwestern University and Dartmouth College. In 2011, Cornell hosted it for the thirteenth time. In 2002, it was directed by Dominick LaCapra.
Port Moody Secondary School Port Moody Secondary School is a public coeducational high school located in Port Moody, British Columbia. The school is notable for offering the International Baccalaureate Program and the Career Preparation Program to its students, which many students travel from other districts to participate in. There are approximately 400 students in the pre-International Baccalaureate Diploma programme and the International Baccalaureate diploma programme tracks. Port Moody Secondary is widely known in the area for sending an impressive number of students to the world's most selectivities universities. In the past three years, students have matriculated to schools such as: Harvard University, Princeton University, University of Chicago, University of Pennsylvania, Cornell University, UC Berkeley and Dartmouth College. Port Moody serves grades nine through twelve and currently has an enrollment of 1,312 students. The school is respected for its academics, visual arts, musical arts and athletic programs.
Hilary Blumberg Hilary Patricia Blumberg is a medical doctor and the inaugural John and Hope Furth Professor of Psychiatry at the Yale School of Medicine. She is also a professor of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, and works in the Child Study Center at Yale where she has been a faculty member since 1998. She attended Harvard University as an undergraduate, and completed medical school at Cornell University Medical College (1990). She completed her medical internship and psychiatry residency at Cornell University Medical College/New York Hospital, and her neuroimaging fellowship training at Cornell University, Weill Medical College. She has received numerous awards for her work such as the 2006 National Alliance for Research in Schizophrenia and Depression (NARSAD) and the Gerald L. Klerman Award for Clinical Research. Blumberg has authored a number of scientific articles that focus on bipolar disorder, neuroimaging, and effects of specific genetic variations, developmental trajectories and structure-function relationships.
List of Dartmouth College alumni This list of Dartmouth College alumni includes currently matriculating students and alumni who are graduates or non-matriculating students of Dartmouth College and its graduate schools. In addition to its undergraduate program, Dartmouth offers graduate degrees in nineteen departments and includes three graduate schools: the Tuck School of Business, the Thayer School of Engineering, and Dartmouth Medical School. Since its founding in 1769, Dartmouth has graduated 238 classes of students and today has approximately 66,500 living alumni.
Community Charter School of Cambridge Community Charter School of Cambridge (CCSC) is a public, tuition-free, college preparatory charter school in Cambridge, Massachusetts, U.S.. Located in the Kendall Square area near MIT, the school serves 360 students in grades 6-12. CCSC opened in September 2005. Since 2009, when CCSC graduated its first class, 100% of seniors have been admitted to college, 93% to four-year schools including Boston College, Bucknell University, Cornell University, Columbia University, Dartmouth College, Northeastern University, UMass Boston, and University of Chicago. in 2013, 100% of CCSC 10th graders scored advanced or proficient on the ELA MCAS. In 2012, 100% of 10th graders at CCSC scored advanced or proficient on both the math and English MCAS tests, earning the school a #1 ranking statewide. In 2011, CCSC was 1 of 14 charter schools in the U.S. to be awarded an EPIC grant for attaining the highest gains in student achievement.
Dexter Kozen Dexter Campbell Kozen is an American theoretical computer scientist. He is Joseph Newton Pew, Jr. Professor in Engineering at Cornell University. He received his B.A. from Dartmouth College in 1974 and his PhD in computer science in 1977 from Cornell University, where he was advised by Juris Hartmanis.
List of Dartmouth College faculty This list of Dartmouth College faculty includes current and former instructors and administrators of Dartmouth College, an Ivy League university located in Hanover, New Hampshire, United States. It includes faculty at its related graduate schools and programs, including the Tuck School of Business, the Thayer School of Engineering, and Dartmouth Medical School. s of 2007 , Dartmouth employs 597 tenured or tenure-track faculty members, 366 of whom are in the undergraduate Arts & Sciences division. More than 90% of the faculty hold a doctorate or equivalent degree.
Mauricio Cárdenas Santamaría Mauricio Cárdenas Santamaría (born 9 June 1962) is the 69th and current Minister of Finance and Public Credit and former Minister of Mines and Energy of Colombia, serving in the administration of President Juan Manuel Santos Calderón. Prior to this, he was a Senior Fellow and Director of the Latin America Initiative at the Brookings Institution. For the Government of Colombia, he has also served as the 4th Minister of Economic Development, the 6th Minister of Transport, and former Director of the National Planning Department, and in the private sector has served as 11th and 9th Director of the Higher Education and Development Foundation (Fedesarrollo), as the 7th President Latin American and Caribbean Economic Association (LACEA), as former President of Titularizadora Colombiana S.A., and as General Manager of Empresa de Energía de Bogotá S.A. ESP.
1846 State of the Union Address The 1846 State of the Union Address was presented to the 29th United States Congress, containing both the United States Senate and United States House of Representatives on Tuesday, December 8, 1846. It was the 56th address given. President James K. Polk, the 11th president, had written it. It was written during the Mexican-American War, and speaks a lot of it. "The existing war with Mexico was neither desired nor provoked by the United States."
Roger Taylor (college president) Roger Taylor was the 18th president of Knox College, a nationally ranked liberal arts college located in Galesburg, Illinois. A native of Fulton County, Illinois, Taylor is a 1959 graduate of Cuba High School. He received his bachelor's degree in English from Knox College in 1963, and then served in the United States Navy for three and one-half years, including a year in Vietnam, before entering law Northwestern University School of Law in 1968. He graduated with honors from Northwestern in 1971 and served as an editor of the law review. After law school, he practiced law at the firm of Kirkland & Ellis in Chicago, ultimately becoming partner with the international firm. Taylor joined the Knox College Board of Trustees in 1998 and served as its chair from 1999-2001. He became interim president in 2001, after the departure of Knox’s 17th president, Richard Millman, and was officially installed as president of Knox College in October 2002. He served in that role until retiring in 2011.
Polk County, Oregon Polk County is a county located in the U.S. state of Oregon. As of the 2010 census, the population was 75,403. The county seat is Dallas. The county is named for James Knox Polk, the 11th president of the United States.
Kris Aquino Kristina Bernadette "Kris" Cojuangco Aquino (born February 14, 1971) is a Filipino talk show host, actress, producer, entrepreneur, product endorser, and writer. Dubbed the "Queen of All Media," she has hosted talk shows and game shows, and has also starred in movies and selected television series. She is the youngest daughter of former Philippine senator Benigno S. Aquino, Jr., and Corazon Cojuangco-Aquino, who served as the 11th President of the Philippines. Her brother is Benigno S. Aquino, III, who served as the 15th President of the Philippines.
James K. Polk James Knox Polk (November 2, 1795 – June 15, 1849) was the 11th President of the United States (1845–49). He previously served as the 13th Speaker of the House of Representatives and as Governor of Tennessee. A protege of Andrew Jackson, Polk was a member of the Democratic Party and an adherent of Jacksonian democracy and Manifest Destiny. During his presidency, the United States expanded significantly with the annexation of Republic of Texas, the Oregon Treaty, and the conclusion of the Mexican-American War.
John F. Kennedy presidential campaign, 1960 The 1960 presidential campaign of John F. Kennedy, a United States Senator from Massachusetts, began on January 2, 1960, when Kennedy formally announced his candidacy for 35th President of the United States, replacing incumbent President of the United States Dwight D. Eisenhower. Kennedy was nominated by the Democratic Party at the Democratic National Convention of 1960, taking place between July 11 and July 15, 1960. On July 15, 1960, Kennedy named Senator Lyndon B. Johnson of Texas as his official running mate. Kennedy and Johnson won the election on November 8, 1960, defeating incumbent Vice President and Republican nominee Richard Nixon, who would later go on to be the 37th President of the United States. Kennedy and Johnson were sworn in as 35th President and 37th Vice President of the United States on January 20, 1961 respectively. Kennedy would serve as President of the United States until his death in November 1963.
Dallas County, Texas Dallas County is a county in the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2010 census, the population was 2,368,139. It is Texas' second-most populous county and the ninth-most populous in the United States. Its county seat is Dallas, which is also Texas' third-largest city and the ninth-largest city in the United States. The county was founded in 1846 and was possibly named for George Mifflin Dallas, the 11th Vice President of the United States under U.S. President James K. Polk.
Inauguration of James K. Polk The inauguration of James K. Polk as the 11th President of the United States took place on Tuesday, March 4, 1845, a rainy day with morning thunderstorms. The inauguration marked the commencement of the only four-year term of James K. Polk as President and George M. Dallas as Vice President. Polk was sworn in at the East Portico of the United States Capitol by Chief Justice Roger B. Taney. This was the first inaugural ceremony to be reported by telegraph and to be shown in a newspaper illustration (in "The Illustrated London News").
Shahabuddin Ahmed Shahabuddin Ahmed (born 1 February 1930) is a Bangladeshi politician who served as the 12th President of Bangladesh. He also served as the Chief Justice of the country. He took over the office of President after a popular uprising against President Hussain Mohammad Ershad in 1991 for what constitution of the country had been amended through 11th amendment. After the resumption of democracy, he returned to his duties as the Chief Justice following the amendment. Later, he served as the President from 1996 to 2001. During his first time in the Presidential office, he served as Acting President. Later when he again took over the office in 1996 he became the 12th President.
Green Russian A Green Russian is a cocktail of absinthe and milk. The mix ratio isn't specific, but many follow the same ratio as Black Russian (because of only having 2 components) even though it resembles a White Russian closer with the dairy part; with five parts absinthe (alcohol, vodka in the Black Russian) to two parts milk (softener, coffee liqueur)
Nicholas Raphael de Grandmaison Nicholas Raphael de Grandmaison (1892–1978) was a Russian noble who was born in Moscow to noble French and Russian parents. From a young age, he was interested in painting and the fine arts, and prior to the Russian Revolution he received a commission in the White Russian army. Starting in 1914, he spent a few years in a German prison camp where started making portraits. Afterwards he decided to pursue an education in the arts to further his skills and went to study art in London and Paris, before going to Canada in 1923. Although he studied oil painting, he transitioned to pastels after his move as they were easier to obtain in Canada during that time.
Battle of Dawan Cheng The Battle of Dawan Cheng (1934) occurred when Gen. Ma Zhongying's Chinese Muslim 36th Division encountered a Soviet Russian Army armoured car column. The 36th Division was withdrawing, chased by White Russian and Mongol troops and Chinese forces allied with them. The 36th Division wiped out nearly the entire column, after engaging the Russians in fierce, sometimes hand-to-hand combat, and knocked the wrecked Russian armored cars down the mountain. When a White Russian force showed up, Ma Zhongying withdrew.
Jin Shuren Jin Shuren (; 1879–1941) was a Han Chinese born in Gansu, was the warlord governor of Xinjiang, succeeding Yang Zengxin when Yang was assassinated in 1928. Jin's rule of Xinjiang for about a half-decade was characterized by strife caused by corruption, suppression and disruption. Ethnic and religious conflicts were intensified and resulted in numerous riots against his regime and his eventual downfall. Jin confiscated the local Turkic lands in order to redistribute them to the Chinese, but he gave these lands to his personal associates. The deception caused the Chinese to become the targets of hatred. Jin also favored the Han over the Turkic (such as the Uighurs) and intensified ethnic conflicts between the Uighurs and Chinese. In April 1933 Jin's White Russian troops changed allegiance, encouraged revolt in Xinjiang, ended his reign and forced him to flee to the USSR. He was succeeded by Sheng Shicai. Jin incurred the wrath of the Kuomintang (KMT) when, without approval, he signed an arms treaty with the Soviet Union. Tungan Gen. Ma Zhongying allied himself with the KMT and his troops became the 36th Division of the National Revolutionary Army (NRA). Ma was ordered to overthrow Jin. Jin was overthrown after the First Battle of Urumqi (1933) by White Russian troops under Col. Pappengut. When he returned to China in October 1933 he was arrested by the KMT, brought to trial in March 1935 and sentenced to 3-1/2 years imprisonment. However, the KMT pardoned him on 10 October 1935 and he was released from prison the next day.
Arthur Cherep-Spiridovich Arthur Cherep-Spiridovich (1858 – 22 October 1926) was a Russian count who moved to the United States following the Bolshevik Revolution. He was a Tsarist general and white Russian loyalist. He was involved in Pan-Slavism, White Russian and anti-semitic activism, including various chivalric orders and cultural organisations, amongst the diaspora community in America. Spiridovich is perhaps best known for authoring a book positing a concise conspiracy consisting of 300 Jewish families, titled "Secret World Government or The Hidden Hand".
Polish Armed Forces in the East (1914–20) Polish Armed Forces in the East around World War I is a term used for several Polish military formations formed in Russia and operating in the period of 1914–1920 (First World War, Russian Revolution of 1917, and the early stages of the Polish-Ukrainian War and Polish-Soviet War. Early formations were part of the Imperial Russian Army. Later, during the Russian Revolution, the Polish formations were mainly allied to the White Russian forces and the Western powers (both the German Empire and the Entente). All the formations (or their remains) were eventually incorporated into the Polish Army by 1920.
Films Albatros Films Albatros was a French film production company established in 1922. It was formed by a group of White Russian exiles who had been forced to flee following the 1917 Russian Revolution and subsequent Russian Civil War. Initially the firm's personnel consisted mainly of Russian exiles, but over time French actors and directors were employed by the company. Its operations continued until the late 1930s.
Pavel Pappengut Pavel Petrovich Pappengut (also Papengut) (Russian: Па́вел Петро́вич Папенгут ) (May 27, 1894 – December 1933) was a colonel of the Russian Empire, later officer of the White Russian forces, member of the underground , comrade-in-arms of Alexander Dutov, later white emigre to China, the military commander of White Russian forces in Xinjiang during the Kumul Rebellion in 1933.
Ewen Cameron Bruce Major Ewen Cameron Bruce (10 November 1890 – 16 April 1925) was a British Army officer who served with the Heavy Branch of the Machine Gun Corps (Tank Corps from July 1917) during the First World War. He was awarded the Military Cross for his conspicuous gallantry and devotion to duty in salvaging tanks under heavy shell fire at the Battle of Messines in July 1917 which resulted in him losing his left arm to a gunshot wound. After the war, Bruce went to Russia and volunteered to command a British tank mission assisting the White Army under Pyotr Nikolayevich Wrangel to fight the Bolsheviks in the Russian Civil War. Bruce was awarded the Distinguished Service Order for his bravery during the June 1919 Battle of Tsaritsyn for single-handedly storming and capturing the fortified city of Tsaritsyn, now called Volgograd, under heavy shell fire in a single tank; this led to the successful capture of over 40,000 prisoners. The fall of Tsaritsyn is viewed "as one of the key battles of the Russian Civil War" which greatly helped the White Russian Cause. Notable historian Sir Basil Henry Liddell Hart comments that Bruce's tank action during this battle is to be seen as "one of the most remarkable feats in the whole history of the Tank Corps."
Russian Protective Corps The Russian Protective Corps (German: "Russisches Schutzkorps" , Russian: Русский корпус , Serbian: Руски корпус ) was an armed force composed of anti-communist White Russian émigrés that was raised in the German occupied territory of Serbia during World War II. Commanded for almost its whole existence by Lieutenant General Boris Shteifon, it served primarily as a guard force for factories and mines between late 1941 and early 1944, initially as the Russian Factory Protective Group. It was incorporated into the Wehrmacht on 1 December 1942 and later clashed with the communist-led Yugoslav Partisans and briefly with the Chetniks. In late 1944, it fought against the Red Army during the Belgrade Offensive, later withdrawing to Bosnia and Slovenia as the Germans retreated from the Balkans. Shteifon was killed in April 1945 and replaced by Colonel Anatoly Rogozhin, who managed to evade the Partisans and surrendered to the British instead. He and his men were eventually set free and allowed to resettle in the West.
House of Theemuge Theemuge Dharikolhu (Dhivehi: ތީމުގޭ ދަރިކޮޅު) or Homa Dharikolhu (Dhivehi: ހޯމަ ދަރިކޮޅު) was one of the early dynasties of the Maldives that reigned from c.1117 (or earlier) until c.1388. According to the record in the Isdhoo Loamaafaanu (copper plates), which was written in 1194, the first king of the Theemuge Dynasty extended his rule to cover the entire Maldives. The writing suggests that the king united the entire country under his rule, bringing to an end a number of fiefdoms throughout the country. The first king of the Theemuge Dynasty is known as Siri Mahabarana and he is believed to be Koimala Kalo. Sri Mahabarana was proclaimed king in the year 1117 or 1118. Other sources suggest that the Theemuge Dharikolhu was the new name of the Soma Vansa Lunar Dynastry after the conversion to Islam of King Dhovemi which lasted from c.1153 to c.1388. In this case King Dhovemi, the fifth king of the Lunar Dynastry became the first King of the Theemuge Dynastry.
Bjaðǫk Bjaðǫk was a twelfth-century woman purported to have been the mother of Eysteinn Haraldsson, King of Norway. In the first half of the twelfth century, Eysteinn was brought to Norway and claimed to be the son of his royal predecessor, Haraldr gilli, King of Norway. The latter was himself the son of a Gaelic woman, and claimed to be the son of an earlier king. The claims of Bjaðǫk and Eysteinn were accepted, and the latter went on to rule as king for fifteen years. Bjaðǫk's name could to be an Old Norse form of a Gaelic name, and she may well have been a member of a prominent family. According to modern tradition, Haraldr gilli's wife was an aunt of Somairle mac Gilla Brigte, King of the Isles, although whether this tradition is authentic is uncertain.
Gard Agdi Gard Agdi ("Old Norse" Garðr Agði) appears in the legendary genealogies of "Hversu Noregr byggdist" as one of the three sons of Nór, the legendary first king of Norway, and as ruler and ancestor of rulers over southwestern Norway. The surname Agdi may refer to Agdir ("Agðir"), the southernmost region of Norway, represented today by the counties of Aust-Agder and Vest-Agder.
Olaf Tryggvason Olaf Tryggvason (960s – 9 September 1000) was King of Norway from 995 to 1000. He was the son of Tryggvi Olafsson, king of Viken (Vingulmark, and Rånrike), and, according to later sagas, the great-grandson of Harald Fairhair, first King of Norway.
Harald Fairhair Harald Fairhair (Old Norse: "Haraldr Hárfagri", Norwegian: "Harald Hårfagre", (literally "Harald Fair-hair") ;  850 –  932) is remembered by medieval historians as the first King of Norway. According to traditions current in Norway and Iceland in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries, he reigned from  872 to 930. Most of his life remains uncertain, since the extant accounts of his life in the sagas were set down in writing around three centuries after his lifetime. A few remnants of skaldic praise poems attributed to contemporary court poets exist which seem to refer to Harald's victories against opponents in Norway. The information supplied in these poems is inconsistent with the tales in the sagas in which they are transmitted, and the sagas themselves often disagree on the details of his background and biography. Two of his sons, Eric Bloodaxe and Haakon the Good, succeeded Harald to become kings after his death.
Bjørn Farmann Bjørn Farmann ("Bjørn the Tradesman", also called Bjørn Haraldsson, Farmand and Kaupman, c. ? – c. 930–934) was a king of Vestfold. Bjørn was one of the sons of Harald Fairhair, the first king of Norway. Bjørn Farmann was also the great-grandfather of Olaf II of Norway, through his son Gudrød Bjørnsson.
German occupation of Norway The German occupation of Norway began on 9 April 1940 after German forces invaded the neutral Scandinavian country of Norway. Conventional armed resistance to the German invasion ended on 10 June 1940 and the Germans then controlled Norway until the capitulation of German forces in Europe on May 8/9, 1945. Throughout this period, Norway was continuously occupied by the "Wehrmacht". Civil rule was effectively assumed by the "Reichskommissariat Norwegen" (Reich Commissariat of Norway), which acted in collaboration with a pro-German puppet government, while the Norwegian King and prewar government escaped to London, where they acted as a government in exile. This period of military occupation is in Norway referred to as the "war years" or "occupation period".
Muinemón Muinemón (later spelling Muineamhón), son of Cas Clothach, son of Irárd, son of Rothechtaid, son of Ros, son of Glas, son of Nuadu Declam, son of Eochaid Faebar Glas, was, according to medieval Irish legend and historical tradition, a High King of Ireland. He helped Fíachu Fínscothach to murder his father, Sétna Airt, and become High King, and then, twenty years later, killed Fíachu and became High King himself. He is said to have been the first king in Ireland whose followers wore golden torcs around their necks (his name may derive from Old Irish "muin", neck). He ruled for five years, until he died of plague at Aidne in Connacht, and was succeeded by his son Faildergdóit. The chronology of Geoffrey Keating's "Foras Feasa ar Éirinn" dates his reign to 955–950 BC, that of the "Annals of the Four Masters" to 1333–1328 BC.
Christian VI of Denmark Christian VI (30 November 1699 – 6 August 1746) was King of Denmark and Norway from 1730-46. The eldest surviving son of King Frederick IV and Louise of Mecklenburg-Güstrow, he is considered one of Denmark's more anonymous kings, but he was a skilled politician, best known for his authoritarian regime. He was the first king of the Oldenburg dynasty to refrain from entering in any war. He was married to Sophia Magdalene of Brandenburg-Kulmbach and was the father of Frederick V. His chosen motto was "deo et populo" (for God and the people).
Dag Hareide Dag Hareide (born 24 February 1949) is an organizational leader and author. He was knighted in the First Order of St. Olav by the King of Norway in 2015 for exceptional engagement in social innovation in civil society. He has been director of Rainforest Foundation Norway (2012 - 2015), one of the largest rainforest organizations in the world, Director of Nansen Academy Norway, the Norwegian Humanistic Academy which included the Nansen Center for Peace and Dialogue (2006 - 2012) and of other folk high schools, Chair of Nordic Forum for Mediation and Conflict Management (2002–2006) which gathered conflict mediators from the five Nordic countries. Curriculum developer in conflict management at the Norwegian Police University College, General Secretary of Oslo City Mission, a comprehensive diaconical institution, Chair of the Namibia Association of Norway, which was a leading NGO in Europe in support for SWAPO, the liberation movement for Namibia. Rehabilitation Coordinator for United Nations Emergency Office during the famine in Ethiopia (1985–1988) and returned later to coordinate and write the first five-year National Disaster Preparedness Plan in Ethiopia for the Ethiopian Government (1996–1998) General secretary of Friends of the Earth Norway, the largest environmental organization in Norway (1990–1995). He has also workes as journalist, pastor, teacher at high schools and University Colleges, initiated several campaigns and associations working for solidarity, dialogue and protection of the environment. He served as vice chair of the National Value Commission (Verdikommisjonen) which was formed by the Norwegian Prime Minister, and member of the Commission that formulated the objectives for the Norwegian School system (Bostadutvalget) https://www.gd.no/nyheter/lager-ny-formalsparagraf-i-skolen/s/1-934610-2342653. He chaired the first official dialogue between all faith and life stand communities in Norway. He has a Doctorate in Sociology (Magistergrad) from University of Oslo on the topic of vulnerability and preparedness in famine, and studies in religion, intellectual history, mass media, agriculture and statistics from different Universities and University Colleges in US and Norway.
Madison Township, Richland County, Illinois Madison Township is located in Richland County, Illinois. As of the 2010 census, its population was 819 and it contained 385 housing units.
Sunol, Nebraska Sunol is an unincorporated community and census-designated place in Cheyenne County, Nebraska, United States. As of the 2010 census it had a population of 73. Sunol is located in the valley of Lodgepole Creek on U.S. Route 30 and U.S. Route 385, 11 mi east of Sidney, the county seat. Interstate 80 is 3 mi to the south via Nebraska Highway 17E.
Lawrence, Massachusetts Lawrence is a city in Essex County, Massachusetts, United States, on the Merrimack River. As of the 2010 census, the city had a population of 76,377, which had risen to an estimated 78,197 as of 2014. Surrounding communities include Methuen to the north, Andover to the southwest, and North Andover to the southeast. Lawrence and Salem are the county seats of Essex County. Lawrence is part of the Merrimack Valley.
Prince, West Virginia Prince is a census-designated place (CDP) in Fayette County, West Virginia, United States. As of the 2010 census, its population was 116. Located at an altitude of 1,263 feet (385 m), it is served by an Amtrak station.
Grand Detour Township, Ogle County, Illinois Grand Detour Township is located in Ogle County, Illinois. As of the 2010 census, its population was 698 and it contained 385 housing units.
Melvern, Kansas Melvern is a city in Osage County, Kansas, United States, along the Marais des Cygnes River. As of the 2010 census, the city population was 385.
Hill City, South Dakota Hill City is the oldest existing city in Pennington County, South Dakota, United States. The population was 948 at the 2010 census. Hill City is located 26 mi southwest of Rapid City on State Highway 16 and on U.S. Route 385 that connects Deadwood to Hot Springs. Hill City is known as the "Heart of the Hills" which is derived from its close proximity to both the geographical center of the Black Hills, and the local tourist destinations.
Union, South Carolina The city of Union is the county seat of Union County, South Carolina, United States. The population was 8,393 at the 2010 census. It is the principal city of the Union Micropolitan Statistical Area (population 28,961 according to 2010 Census), an (MSA) which includes all of Union County and which is further included in the greater Greenville-Spartanburg-Anderson, South Carolina Combined Statistical Area (population 1,266,995 according to the 2010 Census).
Sretensk Sretensk (Russian: Сретенск ; ] ) is a town and the administrative center of Sretensky District in Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia, located on the right bank of the Shilka River (Amur basin), 385 km east of Chita, the administrative center of the krai. Population:  (2010 Census) ;  (2002 Census) ;  (1989 Census)
Andover (village), New York Andover is a village located in the town of Andover in Allegany County, New York, United States. The population was 1,042 at the 2010 census. The name is derived from Andover, Vermont.
James LaPietra James "Jimmy the Lapper" LaPietra (1927–1993) was a Chicago mobster and member of Chicago Outfit. He was also the younger brother of mobster Angelo "the Hook" LaPietra.
John DiFronzo John DiFronzo (born December 13, 1928), known as John "No Nose" DiFronzo is an American mobster and the reputed current boss of the Chicago Outfit.
Chicago Outfit Roller Derby Chicago Outfit Roller Derby (commonly referred to as The Outfit) is a women's flat-track roller derby league based in Chicago, Illinois. Founded in 2007, the Chicago Outfit is a member of the Women's Flat Track Derby Association (WFTDA).
Joseph Lombardo Joseph Patrick “Joey the Clown” Lombardo Sr. (born Giuseppe Lombardi; January 1, 1929), also known as "Joe Padula," "Lumbo," and "Lumpy", is an imprisoned American mafioso and a high-ranking member of the Chicago Outfit crime organization. He was alleged to be the Consigliere of the Outfit.
Genna crime family The Genna crime family, was a Prohibition era crime family in Chicago. From 1921 to 1925, the family was headed by the six Genna brothers, known as the "Terrible Gennas". These brothers were Sicilians from the town of Marsala and operated from Chicago's Little Italy and maintained control over the Unione Siciliana. They were allies with fellow Italian gang the Chicago Outfit. After a bloody war led to their demise in the 1920s, the gang was eventually absorbed by the Chicago Outfit.
Joseph Glimco Joseph Paul Glimco (January 14, 1909 – April 28, 1991) was an Italian American labor leader and well-known organized crime figure based in Chicago, Illinois. He was considered "Chicago's top labor racketeer" in the 1950s. One high-ranking Chicago Teamsters leader noted in 1954, "He is the mob. When he opens his mouth, it's the syndicate talking." Glimco was active in the International Brotherhood of Teamsters (IBT) and a close associate of Teamsters president Jimmy Hoffa. He was a capo in the Chicago Outfit, an organized crime syndicate, and oversaw the syndicate's labor racketeering efforts. He worked closely with Tony "Joe Batters" Accardo, who led the Chicago Outfit from 1943 to 1957, and Sam "Momo" Giancana, who led the syndicate from 1957 to 1966. A United States Senate committee once claimed that Glimco ran "the nation's most corrupt union."
James Marcello James J. Marcello (born December 13, 1943), also known variously as Little Jimmy, Jimmy Light and as Jimmy the Man Marcello, is an imprisoned crime boss who was a front boss for the Chicago Outfit criminal organization in the 1980s, 1990s and early 2000s. Organized crime observers identified Marcello as a figurehead during that period while the organization's day-to-day operations actually were run by John “No Nose” DiFronzo, Joseph “Joey the Clown” Lombardo, Joseph “Joe the Builder” Andriacchi and Angelo J. LaPietra. Marcello is the Cousin of Michael Hayes Marcello, and a cousin of Robert Urbinatti. He is also the father of Rocco Marcello.
Peter DiFronzo Peter DiFronzo (May 13, 1933) is the brother of John DiFronzo (reputed to be the leader of the Chicago Outfit) and supposedly a made man. and Joseph and John DiFronzo. He is a habituate of Gene's Deli located at 2202 North Harlem Avenue Elmwood, Illinois that is also frequented by his brother John DiFronzo Sr. He stands at 5'8 and weighs 185 pounds. In 1965 he was arrested for interstate stolen property and served ten years in prison. He was featured in William F. Roemer Jr's ""War of the Godfathers: The Bloody Confrontation Between the Chicago and New York Families for Control of Las Vegas"" in 1990. His wife, Josephine, is part owner of D&P Trucking, located in Chicago, Illinois, though authorities believe it is Peter and his brothers Joe and John that actually run the enterprise. Peter is also supposedly active in some of the Outfit's racketeering schemes.
Angelo J. LaPietra Angelo J. "The Hook" LaPietra (1920–1999) was a Chicago mobster and member of the Chicago Outfit, involved in extensive loansharking operations in the city's First Ward during the 1970s and 1980s. He earned his nickname "The Hook" due to the way he murdered his victims—those that did not, or could not pay up. He would take his victim—bound and gagged—and hang him on a meat hook, (piercing the victim's rib cage with the meat hook) and then torture him to death with a blow-torch. The torch would not actually be the cause of death. The victims most often died from suffocation.
Joseph Andriacchi Joseph "The Builder" Andriacchi (born October 20, 1932) has been reported by Chicago newspapers to be a high-ranking member of the Chicago Outfit criminal organization.
Halloween Baking Championship Halloween Baking Championship is an American cooking competition television series that premiered on Food Network on October 5, 2015. The first season of the series was presented by chef Richard Blais; with fellow chefs Carla Hall, Ron Ben-Israel and Sherry Yard serving as judges. The second season of the series premiered on October 3, 2016; with Hall being the only chef returning. She was joined by chefs Sandra Lee and Damiano Carrara as judges; and the season was presented by comedian Jeff Dunham.
Halloween Baking Championship (season 1) The first season of the American cooking competition television series Halloween Baking Championship premiered October 5, 2015 on Food Network. The season was presented by chef Richard Blais; with fellow Food Network chefs Carla Hall, Ron Ben-Israel and Sherry Yard serving as judges.
Spring Baking Championship (season 3) The third season of the American cooking competition television series Spring Baking Championship premiered March 12, 2017 on Food Network. The season was hosted by former footballer Jesse Palmer; replacing chef Bobby Deen, who left the series for undisclosed reasons. Chefs Nancy Fuller, Duff Goldman and Lorraine Pascale returned to the series as judges.
Kids Halloween Baking Championship Kids Halloween Baking Championship is an American cooking competition television special that aired on Food Network on October 5, 2016. Food Network chef Duff Goldman and actress Alison Sweeney served at the competition as judges. The contestants were four child bakers who had previously competed on "Kids Baking Championship".
Halloween Baking Championship (season 2) The second season of the American cooking competition television series Halloween Baking Championship premiered October 3, 2016 on Food Network. Carla Hall was the only chef to return from the first season; she was joined by fellow chefs Damiano Carrara and Sandra Lee as judges. The season was presented by comedian Jeff Dunham; and it consisted of five episodes, instead of four episodes as in the previous season.
Nancy Fuller Nancy Fuller (also known as Nancy Fuller Ginsberg or Nancy Ginsberg; born March 27, 1949) is an American chef and businesswoman from Claverack, New York. She is the co-owner of Ginsberg's Foods, and she is the host of the Food Network television series "Farmhouse Rules ." She also serves as a judge on the Food Network cooking competition series "Clash of the Grandmas", "Holiday Baking Championship" and "Spring Baking Championship".
Spring Baking Championship (season 1) The first season of the American cooking competition television series Spring Baking Championship premiered April 26, 2015, on Food Network. It was presented by chef Bobby Deen with fellow Food Network chefs Nancy Fuller, Duff Goldman and Lorraine Pascale serving as judges. All four chefs also appeared in the same roles on "Holiday Baking Championship".
Spring Baking Championship (season 2) The second season of the American cooking competition television series Spring Baking Championship premiered April 10, 2016 on Food Network. Chef Bobby Deen returned to the series as host; with chefs Nancy Fuller, Duff Goldman and Lorraine Pascale also returning as judges.
Jason Smith (chef) Jason Smith is an American cook who came to prominence as the winner of the thirteenth season of the Food Network television series "Food Network Star". He had previously won the third season of "Holiday Baking Championship".
Spring Baking Championship Spring Baking Championship is an American cooking competition television series that airs on Food Network. It was originally presented by chef Bobby Deen; with fellow Food Network chefs Nancy Fuller, Duff Goldman and Lorraine Pascale serving as judges. All four chefs also appeared in the same roles on "Holiday Baking Championship"; and similar to that competition, the grand prize for the winner of this competition is also $50,000.
Call for the Dead Call for the Dead is John le Carré's first novel, published in 1961. It introduces George Smiley, the most famous of le Carré's recurring characters, in a story about East German spies inside Great Britain. It also introduces a fictional version of British Intelligence, called "the Circus" because of its location in Cambridge Circus, that is apparently based on MI6 and that recurs throughout le Carré's spy novels.
The Incongruous Spy The Incongruous Spy: Two Novels of Suspense (1964), by John le Carré, is an omnibus edition of le Carré's first two novels "Call for the Dead" (1961) and "A Murder of Quality" (1962). The omnibus, about George Smiley, was released after his third novel, "The Spy Who Came in from the Cold" (1963).
John le Carré: The Biography John le Carré: The Biography is a 2015 biography of John le Carré written by Adam Sisman and published by Harper.
Moscow Centre Moscow Centre is a nickname used by John le Carré for the Moscow central headquarters of the KGB, especially those departments concerned with foreign espionage and counterintelligence. It arises from use by Soviet officers themselves, and le Carré probably just utilised the nickname to gain greater credibility for his books.