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Chickahominy Shipyard Archeological Site The Chickahominy Shipyard Archeological Site is a historic archaeological site located near Toano, Virginia. The shipyard was established in 1776 on the Chickahominy River by the Virginia Committee on Safety for the construction of a small navy to protect the Virginia colony during the American Revolution. It remained in production until 1781, when the British seized and burned the shipyard. The site consists of both submerged and dryland components.
Ohio State Route 88 State Route 88 (SR 88) is a highway generally running in an east–west direction in the northeastern portion of the U.S. state of Ohio. Its southern terminus is in Portage County at Ohio State Route 59; at the intersection of Freedom Street with Main Street in Ravenna.Route 88 is labeled north-south southwest of US 422 and Ohio 528, and labeled east-west east of US 422 and Ohio 528. Route 88 follows a northerly direction for a little more than a mile along Freedom Street, to the State Route 14 and State Route 44 concurrency bypass. From here, the route heads in a northeasterly direction. Its next intersection is with State Route 700, at the southern terminus of the latter route. A quarter mile further to the northeast, Route 88 joins State Route 303 for about a half mile. State Route 88 then continues northeast, crossing over Interstate 80 and The Ohio Turnpike, before turning due north as it enters Garrettsville. Here, as South Street, the route intersects with State Route 82 (State Street), then becomes North Street before exiting the corporation limits.
Ohio State Route 267 State Route 267 (SR 267, OH 267) is a north–south state highway located in northeast Ohio, a U.S. state. Its southern terminus is at a signalized intersection with the duplex of State Route 7 and State Route 39 in downtown East Liverpool, amidst the interchange where State Route 7 and State Route 39 join the U.S. Route 30/State Route 11 freeway in opposing directions. The northern terminus of State Route 267 is at a diamond interchange with the U.S. Route 30/State Route 7/State Route 11 freeway near Calcutta, one where State Route 7 splits from U.S. Route 30/State Route 11 and takes over for State Route 267 heading north.
Tennessee State Route 102 State Route 102 (SR 102) is a 18.56 mi state highway that exists entirely within Rutherford County, Tennessee. Its southern terminus is in Almaville, an unincorporated community in the western part of the county, at SR 96. Its northern terminus is in Smyrna.
Tennessee State Route 161 State Route 161 (SR 161) is a north–south state highway located entirely in Robertson County in Middle Tennessee. The route’s southern terminus sits 0.4 mi north of a junction between U.S. Route 431 {(US 431) and US 41. Its northern terminus is at the Kentucky state line, where it becomes Kentucky Route 102 (KY 102).
Maine State Route 102 State Route 102 is a north-south state highway located on Mount Desert Island in eastern Maine. As of 2007, its southern terminus is located at an intersection with State Route 102A in Tremont on the southern part of the island. Its northern terminus is at intersection with State Route 3 in Bar Harbor, a terminus it shares with State Route 198.
Route 102 (Virginia – West Virginia) Virginia State Route 102 (SR 102) and West Virginia Route 102 (WV 102) are adjoining state highways in the U.S. states of Virginia and West Virginia. The two state highways together run 11.4 mi from Center Street in Pocahontas, Virginia east to the Virginia – West Virginia state line between the twin cities of Bluefield, Virginia and Bluefield, West Virginia. Most of Route 102 consists of three sections in Virginia maintained by the Virginia Department of Transportation (VDOT); the two intervening sections in West Virginia are maintained by the West Virginia Division of Highways. In addition to connecting Pocahontas with the two Bluefields, the state highway passes through Nemours, West Virginia and Falls Mills, Virginia and provides access to Bluefield College.
Vermont Route 102 Vermont Route 102 (VT 102) is a north–south state highway in Essex County, Vermont, in the United States. It follows the west bank of the Connecticut River and parallels U.S. Route 3 (US 3), which is routed along the river's east bank in New Hampshire. The southern terminus of the route is at US 2 in Guildhall. Its northern terminus is at VT 114 and VT 253 in Canaan. VT 102 is 43.755 mi long and connects to six highways that traverse the Connecticut River.
Ohio State Route 198 State Route 198 is a north–south state highway in the western portion of the U.S. state of Ohio. Its southern terminus is at an interchange with U.S. Route 33 just south of Wapakoneta, which is also the western terminus of State Route 67 and the southern terminus of State Route 501; its northern terminus is at State Route 117 nearly 4 mi east of Spencerville.
Maine State Route 3 State Route 3 (abbreviated SR 3) is a 120.67 mi long state highway located in eastern Maine. Its western terminus is at State Route 8, State Route 11 and State Route 27 in Augusta. Its eastern terminus is at State Route 102 and State Route 198 in Mount Desert.
Ohio State Route 177 State Route 177 (SR 177) is a north–south state highway located in the southwest corner of the U.S. state of Ohio. The southern terminus of State Route 177 is at the signalized junction of State Route 4 and State Route 129 in Hamilton, after State Route 177 runs concurrently with State Route 129 for its southernmost 1.59 mi . The northern terminus of State Route 177 is at the Indiana State Line approximately 3.75 mi northwest of the unincorporated community of Fairhaven. From this point, State Route 177 continues into Indiana as Indiana State Road 227.
Bangkok Girl Bangkok Girl is a documentary film that was both produced and directed by Jordan Clark. It is a low-budget film, having cost $10,000 to produce, and takes sex tourism in Bangkok as its subject. "Bangkok Girl" is 43 minutes long and focuses on Pla, a bargirl who is 19 years old and who guides Clark through the city. The film explores Pla's background and how she came to be where she is. Pla began working as a bargirl at the age of 13, and, while she had managed to avoid being forced into prostitution up until the point that the documentary was filmed, the film suggests that she will eventually be forcibly prostituted. In November 2005, the film aired on "The Lens", a program on Canada's CBC Television. Sweden's Sveriges Television also aired the film.
The Apparition The Apparition is a 2012 American supernatural horror film, written and directed by Todd Lincoln, making his directorial debut, and starring Ashley Greene, Sebastian Stan, Tom Felton, Julianna Guill and Rick Gomez. The plot follows three college students who, after the death of their friend, must battle a supernatural force they summoned themselves. The film was loosely inspired by the Philip experiment conducted in 1972. The film was a box office bomb and was cited by critics as one of the worst horror movies of 2012. It was also the last Warner Bros. Pictures horror film to be released under its own label before resorting to New Line Cinema to release all future horror movies made by Warner Bros.
Eugenio Martín Eugenio Martín is a Spanish film director and screenwriter. He was born in May 15, 1925 in Ceuta, an autonomous city of Spain located on the north coast of Africa. He is best known for the low-budget genre films he made in the 1960s and 1970s, including "Bad Man's River", "The Bounty Killer", and "Horror Express", the latter being particularly notable for its inclusion of the well-known English actors Christopher Lee and Peter Cushing, famous for their work with Hammer Films. Though never remarkably successful either at the box office or among critics, Martín's films, particularly "Horror Express", have achieved cult status. The popular horror film magazine Fangoria included "Horror Express" in its book, "101 Best Horror Movies You've Never Seen: A Celebration of the World's Most Unheralded Fright Flicks".
Midnite Movies Midnite Movies is a line of B movies released first on VHS and later on DVD by MGM Home Entertainment. The line was begun by MGM in March 2001 following its acquisition of Orion Pictures, which bought out Filmways, the owner of American International Pictures. AIP had a library of B movies from the 1950s and 1960s that were science fiction, horror, and exploitation films. The "Midnite Movies" collection is primarily derived from the AIP library (including most of Roger Corman's and Vincent Price's horror movies) but also included Hammer Film Productions, Amicus Productions, United Artists, and Empire International Pictures movies as well. The DVDs were first released as single films but most later releases would be double features on single double-sided discs. Sony Pictures Home Entertainment later became owners of the MGM library and continued the "Midnite Movies" line with distributor 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment. All double feature titles released on the 20th Century Fox label were two-disc packages. By 2011, no new titles were forthcoming; the previous catalog titles slowly went out of print and the "Midnite Movies" website was taken down.
John Zacherle John Zacherle ( ; sometimes credited as John Zacherley; September 26, 1918 – October 27, 2016) was an American television host, radio personality, and voice actor. He was best known for his long career as a television horror host, often broadcasting horror movies in Philadelphia and New York City in the 1950s and 1960s. Best known for his character of "Roland/Zacherley," he also did voice work for movies, and recorded the top ten novelty rock and roll song "Dinner With Drac" in 1958. He also edited two collections of horror stories, "Zacherley's Vulture Stew" and "Zacherley's Midnight Snacks".
Jon Keeyes Jon Keeyes (born April 5, 1969) is an American film director, producer and screenwriter best known for his lower-budget horror movies. He is a co-founder and principal of Texas-based independent film company Highland Myst Entertainment. Among his movies, he directed the cult hit "American Nightmare" starring Debbie Rochon, "Living and Dying" with Edward Furlong and Michael Madsen. and "Fall Down Dead" with Udo Kier, David Carradine and Dominique Swain. His most recent movie, "Nightmare Box", won multiple film festival awards for directing, acting, screenwriting and Best Picture including Best Horror Movie of 2014.
Creature Double Feature Creature Double Feature was a syndicated horror show, broadcast in the Boston and Philadelphia area during the 1970s and 1980s. It sometimes also aired under names like Sci-Fi Flix and Creature Feature. The movies broadcast were taken from the classic Universal Horror movies of the 1930s to 1950s, the Hammer Studios and American International Pictures films of the 1950s, Roger Corman's horror films of the 1960s, and Toho Studio's "giant monster" (known in Japanese as either kaiju or tokusatsu) movies of the 1950s, 1960s, and 1970s.
Transylvania Twist Transylvania Twist is a 1989 comedy film that parodies horror movies. Originally released by Concord Production Inc., this film is distributed on home video by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. In the film Angus Scrimm reprises his role of the "Tall Man" from the Phantasm movies, as a parody. The humor of the film is most often said to be in the style of Airplane!, and Mel Brooks comedies. It occasionally breaks the Fourth wall rule with characters looking at the camera, and one even saying "I'm in the wrong movie." The film's main theme has been released on a variety of albums, it and the entire soundtrack was released on CD and as a direct download in the year 2010, twenty-one years after the movies initial release.
Deadly Earnest Deadly Earnest was a late-night horror host active on Australian television between 1961–78. Originated as a live (pre-video machine) host of a horror film package for Perth's TVW-7 by 1961, the character was most active between 1966 and 1972 when adopted by the 0-10 Network. Broadcast weekly, "Deadly Earnest's Aweful Movies" featured mainly b-grade horror movies introduced by local actors with a tongue-in-cheek characterization. The program was renowned for screening low-budget B-grade (or worse) supernaturally themed cinema, even going so far as to present the Worst Movie of the Year on at least one occasion.
Creature Features Creature Features was a generic title for a genre of horror TV format shows broadcast on local U.S. television stations throughout the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s. The movies broadcast on the various shows were generally classic and cult horror movies of the 1930s to 1950s, the horror and science-fiction films of the 1950s, British horror films of the 1960s, and the Japanese "giant monster" movies of the 1960s and 1970s.
West Palm Beach, Florida West Palm Beach is a city in and the county seat of Palm Beach County, Florida, United States. It is one of the three main cities in South Florida. The population was 100,343 (revised) at the 2010 census. The University of Florida Bureau of Economic and Business Research (BEBR) estimates a 2016 population of 108,896, a 7.9% increase from 2010. It is the oldest municipality in the Miami metropolitan area, having been incorporated as a city two years before Miami in November 1894. Although West Palm Beach is located approximately 68 mi north of Downtown Miami, it is still considered a principal city within the Miami metropolitan area, due to the solid urbanization between both cities. The estimated population of the Miami metropolitan area, which includes all of Palm Beach County, was 6,012,331 people at the 2015 census.
Florida State Road 882 Locally known as Forest Hill Boulevard, State Road 882 (SR 882) is a 9.233 mi east–west highway in Palm Beach County, Florida. It extends from an intersection of US 441-SR 7 in Wellington, heading east serving Greenacres, Palm Springs, Lake Clarke Shores, and West Palm Beach before its eastern terminus is an intersection with South Dixie Highway (US 1/SR 805) in West Palm Beach. It is a primary commuter road for the region.
Palm Beach County Glades Airport Palm Beach County Glades Airport (IATA: PHK, ICAO: KPHK, FAA LID: PHK) is a county owned, public use airport in Palm Beach County, Florida, United States. It is located three nautical miles (6 km) southwest of the central business district of Pahokee, Florida. The airport is owned by Palm Beach County and operated by the Palm Beach County Airports Department. It is included in the National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2011–2015, which categorized it as a "general aviation" facility.
Cloud Lake, Florida Cloud Lake is a town in Palm Beach County, Florida, United States. With a population of 135 during the 2010 census, Cloud Lake is the least populous municipality in Palm Beach County. The town is situated adjacent to Glen Ridge and West Palm Beach and is located near the Palm Beach International Airport. Established in 1951, Cloud Lake was built largely by the efforts of twin brothers Karl and Kenyon Riddle, the former of whom served as the City Manager and Superintendent of Public Works of West Palm Beach in the 1920s.
Palm Beach County, Florida Palm Beach County is a county located in the state of Florida, directly north of Broward County. As of the 2010 census, the population was 1,320,134, making it the third-most populous county in Florida. The largest city and county seat is West Palm Beach. Named after one of its oldest settlements, Palm Beach, the county was established in 1909, after being split from Dade County. The county's modern-day boundaries were established in 1963. Palm Beach County is one of the three counties in South Florida which make up the Miami metropolitan area, which was home to an estimated 6,012,331 people at the 2015 census.
Literacy Coalition of Palm Beach County Headquartered in Boynton Beach, Florida, the mission of the Literacy Coalition of Palm Beach County is to improve the quality of life of those residing in and around Palm Beach County, Florida, by promoting and achieving literacy. The ultimate goal of the Literacy Coalition of Palm Beach County, a nonprofit organization, is to ensure that every child and every adult in Palm Beach County becomes a reader. One in seven adults in Palm Beach County is unable to read and understand information found in books, newspapers, magazines, brochures and manuals. Through extensive outreach and collaboration with a network of community partners, the Literacy Coalition strives to ensure that individuals who need to improve their literacy skills receive the help they need. The organization's operates with the assistance of over 9,000 volunteers. In 2013, the Literacy Coalition provided services to more than 25,000 adults, children and families.
Century Village, Florida There are four "Century Villages" in south Florida, built by the same developer: West Palm Beach (Palm Beach County), Boca Raton (Palm Beach County), Deerfield Beach (Broward County), and Pembroke Pines (Broward County). This article deals only with the West Palm Beach Century Village, the only one designed a census-designated place (CDP). All of them are gated retirement communities, whose residents must be 55 or over.
Isiah C. Smith Isiah C. Smith (1922–2012) was Palm Beach County, Florida’s third black lawyer. He and William Holland, Palm Beach County’s first black attorney, fought successfully to integrate the county’s schools, golf courses, department stores, airport taxi service, and the Florida Turnpike’s restaurants and bathrooms through lawsuits and negotiations in the mid-1950s. While working with Holland at their practice, Smith also served part-time as Delray Beach City Prosecutor from 1970 to 1977. In 1986, he was appointed by Governor Bob Graham to become a circuit judge for Palm Beach County. He stepped down in 1992, having reached the age of 70, the mandatory retirement age in Florida for jurists.
Palm Tran Palm Tran is the public transit bus system run by the Palm Beach County Government, serving Palm Beach County, Florida. During fiscal year 2015, Palm Tran provided 10,773,132 one-way passenger trips and 889,056 paratransit trips to Palm Beach County. Palm Tran also serves a portion of Broward County, Florida where it overlaps with Broward County Transit. Palm Tran has four main facilities (North Campus in West Palm Beach, South Campus in Delray Beach, Palm Tran Connection/Military Trail and the Belle Glade Facility) with its main headquarters in West Palm Beach on Electronics Way. The current Executive Director is Clinton B. Forbes.
North Palm Beach County General Aviation Airport North Palm Beach County Airport (FAA LID: F45) , also known as North County Airport, is an uncontrolled general aviation airport located 12 nautical miles (22 km) northwest of West Palm Beach off the Bee Line Highway in Palm Beach Gardens, Florida. The airport is owned by Palm Beach County and operated by the Palm Beach County Airports Department.
Antoine Vézina Antoine Vézina is a Québécois actor. A 2000 alum of the Université du Québec à Montréal with a bachelor's degree in theater, Vézina has a strong improvisational theater background, having performed in the Quebec improvisational leagues the Ligue universitaire d'improvisation (LUI, league of Université Laval), the Ligue d'improvisation centrale de l'UQAM (LicUQAM, league of the Université du Québec à Montréal), the Cravates, the Ligue d'improvisation Globale, the Limonade, the Ligue d'improvisation montréalaise (LIM) and the reputed Ligue nationale d'improvisation (LNI). He is also a member of the improvisational troupe Cinplass.
Mark Levenson Mark Levenson, a member of the Dramatists Guild of America, is a musical director for The Second City Detroit (located in Novi, Michigan). Levenson helped open Second City Detroit in 1993. In addition to his work with The Second City Detroit, Levenson scored the hit Comedy Central series, Strangers with Candy. He has also written music for shows on MTV, VH-1, NBC and scored productions at both Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts and John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts. Levenson composed music for David Sedaris's two Off Broadway shows and numerous recording projects. He recently toured the country with Stephen Colbert, Amy Sedaris and Paul Dinello in their production of Wigfield, which concluded its run at the U.S. Comedy Arts Festival in Aspen, Colorado.
Wigfield Wigfield: The Can Do Town That Just May Not is a satirical novel by comedians Amy Sedaris, Paul Dinello, and Stephen Colbert, three of the four creators of the Comedy Central show "Strangers with Candy". It was first published on May 7, 2003 by Hyperion Books.
Exit 57 Exit 57 is a 30-minute sketch comedy series that aired on the American television channel Comedy Central from 1995 to 1996; its cast was composed of comedians Amy Sedaris, Paul Dinello, Stephen Colbert, Jodi Lennon, and Mitch Rouse, all of whom had previously studied improv at The Second City in Chicago. In 1999 Sedaris, Dinello, Colbert and Rouse would also create the Comedy Central show "Strangers with Candy".
Mike Nichols Mike Nichols (born Mikhail Igor Peschkowsky; November 6, 1931 – November 19, 2014) was an American film and theatre director, producer, actor and comedian. He was noted for his ability to work across a range of genres and an aptitude for getting the best out of actors regardless of their acting experience. Nichols began his career in the 1950s with the comedy improvisational troupe, The Compass Players, predecessor of The Second City, in Chicago. He then teamed up with his improv partner, Elaine May, to form the comedy duo Nichols and May. Their live improv acts were a hit on Broadway resulting in three albums, with their debut album winning a Grammy Award.
Strangers with Candy (film) Strangers with Candy is a 2005 comedy film directed by Paul Dinello, written by Dinello, Stephen Colbert, Amy Sedaris, and Mitch Rouse, and serves as a prequel to their 1999-2000 Comedy Central television series of the same name. Colbert co-produced the film alongside executive producer David Letterman. The film grossed $2.3 million.
At Home with Amy Sedaris At Home with Amy Sedaris is an American television series that premieres October 24, 2017 on truTV. Hosted by Amy Sedaris playing various characters, the show focuses on the comedian's love of crafts.
Paul Dinello Paul Dinello (born November 28, 1962) is an American comedian, actor, writer, director, and producer. He is best known for his role as Geoffrey Jellineck on Comedy Central's "Strangers with Candy". Currently he is a writer and supervising producer for "The Late Show with Stephen Colbert", where he has made several on-camera appearances.
List of BoJack Horseman episodes "BoJack Horseman" is an American animated sitcom created by Raphael Bob-Waksberg. The series stars Will Arnett as the eponymous character, BoJack Horseman, the washed-up star of the 1990s sitcom "Horsin' Around", who plans his big return to celebrity relevance with a tell-all autobiography that he dictates to his ghostwriter Diane Nguyen (Alison Brie). BoJack also has to contend with the demands of his agent and on-again-off-again girlfriend, Princess Carolyn (Amy Sedaris); the misguided antics of his freeloading roommate, Todd Chavez (Aaron Paul); and his frenemy, Mr. Peanutbutter (Paul F. Tompkins), who is also Nguyen's boyfriend. The series satirizes Hollywood, celebrity culture, and the film industry.
Josie Lawrence Josie Lawrence (born Wendy Lawrence; 6 June 1959) is an English comedian and actress best known for her work with the Comedy Store Players improvisational troupe, the television series "Whose Line Is It Anyway?" and as Manda Best in "EastEnders". Lawrence currently plays Barbara, a synthetic marriage counsellor in the Channel 4 TV series "Humans".
JAL (compiler) JAL (Just Another Language) is a Pascal-like programming language and compiler that generates executable code for PIC microcontrollers. It is a free-format language with a compiler that runs on Linux, MS-Windows and MS-DOS (OSX support). It is configurable and extendable through the use of libraries and can even be combined with PIC assembly language.
Megan Staffel Megan Staffel (born 1952, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA) is an American fiction writer and essayist. She is the author of two novels, "The Notebook of Lost Things" and "She Wanted Something Else", and three story collections, "A Length of Wire and Other Stories", "Lessons In Another Language" and "The Exit Coach". Her story collection, "Lessons in Another Language," was awarded the 2011 IPPY AWARD for Bronze Medal Winner in the Short Story and the 2011 Foreword Review's "Book of the Year Award" for Silver Medal Winner in the Short Story. Her stories have appeared in numerous journals, including Ploughshares and New England Review. Her essays on the craft of fiction appear in "A Kite in the Wind," edited by Andrea Barrett and Peter Turchi, and "Letters to a Fiction Writer," edited by Frederick Busch. She teaches in the MFA Program for Writers at Warren Wilson College.
Another Language (album) Another Language is the third studio album by American post-rock band This Will Destroy You. It was released on September 12, 2014, by Suicide Squeeze Records and Hobbledehoy Record Co. "Another Language" was preceded by the digital release of two singles, "Dustism" and "Invitation".
Calque In linguistics, a calque or loan translation is a word or phrase borrowed from another language by literal, word-for-word or root-for-root translation. Used as a verb, "to calque" means to borrow a word or phrase from another language while translating its components so as to create a new lexeme in the target language.
Jal Pari (album) Jal Pari (Urdu for "Mermaid") is Atif Aslam's first solo album after he left the Pakistani rock group, Jal, released on 17 July 2004. Two of his songs from the album were used by Bollywood film directors. Three songs have also been selected for the Hollywood film "Man Push Cart".
Homophonic translation Homophonic translation renders a text in one language into a near-homophonic text in another language, usually with no attempt to preserve the original meaning of the text. In one homophonic translation, for example, the English "sat on a wall" is rendered as French ""s'étonne aux Halles"" ] (literally "is surprised at the Market"). More generally, homophonic transformation renders a text into a near-homophonic text in the same or another language: "e.g.," "recognize speech" could become "wreck a nice beach".
Tom Peterson and Another Language Tom Peterson and Another Language is the debut and only (mini)-album from American musician and former Cheap Trick bassist Tom Peterson, under his group name Tom Peterson and Another Language. It was released in 1984.
Sarmad Abdul Ghafoor Sarmad Ghafoor (born November 5, 1975 in London, United Kingdom) is a Pakistani record producer, guitarist, vocalist, and songwriter. He has released two albums, one with Rungg (his former band), and one with Qayaas (his current band). He has also produced albums for a wide variety of artists, including Atif Aslam, Bilal Khan, Nusrat Hussain, Abbas Ali Khan, and Overload. Sarmad is best known for his work producing two platinum albums for Atif Aslam, including "Jal Pari".
Mermaid A mermaid is a legendary aquatic creature with the head and upper body of a female human and the tail of a fish. Mermaids appear in the folklore of many cultures worldwide, including the Near East, Europe, Africa and Asia. The first stories appeared in ancient Assyria, in which the goddess Atargatis transformed herself into a mermaid out of shame for accidentally killing her human lover. Mermaids are sometimes associated with perilous events such as floods, storms, shipwrecks and drownings. In other folk traditions (or sometimes within the same tradition), they can be benevolent or beneficent, bestowing boons or falling in love with humans.
Jal Pari (TV series) Jal Pari (Urdu: جل پری‎ , English: "Undine") is a 2011 Pakistani drama serial aired on the Geo TV, directed by Sarmad Sultan Khoosat and written by "Sarmad Sehbai". Serial was first aired on 13 October 2011 and last aired on 2 February 2012. Stars are Neelam Muneer, Adnan Siddiqui, Noman Ijaz and Mikaal Zulfiqar.
Return to Life Return to Life (French: "Retour à la vie" ) is a 1949 French drama film directed by Georges Lampin, André Cayatte, Henri-Georges Clouzot and Jean Dréville. It was entered into the 1949 Cannes Film Festival.
We Are All Murderers We Are All Murderers (French: "Nous sommes tous des assassins" , also known as "Are We All Murderers?") is a 1952 French film written and directed by André Cayatte, a former attorney. It tells the story of René, a young man from the slums, trained by the French Resistance in World War II to kill Germans. He continues to kill long after the war has ended, as it is all he knows.
The Last Penny The Last Penny (French:Le dernier sou) is a 1946 French drama film directed by André Cayatte and starring Ginette Leclerc, Gilbert Gil and Fernand Charpin. A secretary tries to save her friend's company from being bankrupted by unscrupulous figures. It was one of three films Leclerc appeared in for the collaborationist Continental Films, which she believed led to her arrest by the authorities following the Libertation. Although it was made during the Second World War the film was not released until March 1946.
Stormy Waters (film) Remorques (English title: Stormy Waters) is a 1941 French drama film directed by Jean Grémillon. The screenplay was written by Jacques Prévert (scenario and dialogue) and André Cayatte (adaptation), based on the novel by Roger Vercel. The film stars Jean Gabin, Madeleine Renaud and Michèle Morgan.
Black Dossier (film) Black Dossier (French: "Le Dossier noir" ) is a 1955 French drama film directed by André Cayatte. It was entered into the 1955 Cannes Film Festival.
Justice Is Done Justice Is Done (French: Justice est faite ) is a 1950 French drama film directed by André Cayatte. It tackles the subject of euthanasia by depicting a court case in which a woman is tried for killing her terminally ill husband at his request. It won the Golden Lion at the Venice Film Festival.
The Revenge of Roger The Revenge of Roger (French: La revanche de Roger la Honte) is a 1946 French historical crime film directed by André Cayatte and starring Lucien Coëdel, María Casares and Paul Bernard. The film is based on a novel by Jules Mary. It was a sequel to the film "Roger la Honte" also directed by Cayatte which had been shot in 1945 but was released in 1946. The film's sets were designed by the art director Jacques Colombier.
Le glaive et la balance Le glaive et la balance (English: The Sword and the Balance and Two Are Guilty)) is a 1963 French-Italian drama film directed by André Cayatte. It was written by Cayatte, Henri Jeanson and Charles Spaak. It stars the American actor, Anthony Perkins as the protagonist.
Roger la Honte (1946 film) Roger la Honte is a 1946 French historical drama film directed by André Cayatte and starring Lucien Coëdel, María Casares and Paul Bernard. The film is an adaptation of the novel of the same name by Jules Mary. It was followed by a sequel "The Revenge of Roger" featuring many of the original cast and released the same year.
Before the Deluge Before the Deluge (French: Avant le déluge ) is a 1954 French drama film directed by André Cayatte. It was entered into the 1954 Cannes Film Festival.
Abdus Salam Mohammad Abdus Salam {'1': ", '2': ", '3': 'NI, SPk, KBE', '4': "} (Punjabi, Urdu: ‎ ; ] ; 29 January 192621 November 1996), was a Pakistani theoretical physicist. A major figure in 20th century theoretical physics, he shared the 1979 Nobel Prize in Physics with Sheldon Glashow and Steven Weinberg for his contribution to the electroweak unification theory. He was the first Pakistani and first Muslim to receive a Nobel Prize in science and the second from an Islamic country to receive any Nobel Prize (after Anwar Sadat of Egypt).
List of female Nobel laureates The Nobel Prizes are awarded annually by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, the Swedish Academy, the Karolinska Institute, and the Norwegian Nobel Committee to individuals who make outstanding contributions in the fields of Chemistry, Physics, Literature, Peace, Physiology or Medicine and Economics. All but the economics prize were established by the 1895 will of Alfred Nobel, which dictates that the awards should be administered by the Nobel Foundation. The Nobel prize in Economics, or The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel, was established in 1968 by the Sveriges Riksbank, the central bank of Sweden, for outstanding contributions in the field of Economics. Each prize is awarded by a separate committee; the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences awards the Prizes in Physics, Chemistry, and Economics, the Swedish Academy awards the Prize in Literature, the Karolinska Institute awards the Prize in Physiology or Medicine, and the Norwegian Nobel Committee awards the Prize in Peace. Each recipient receives a medal, a diploma and a cash prize that has varied throughout the years.
Brian Josephson Brian David Josephson, {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} (born 4 January 1940), is a Welsh theoretical physicist and professor emeritus of physics at the University of Cambridge. Best known for his pioneering work on superconductivity and quantum tunnelling, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1973 for his prediction of the Josephson effect, made in 1962 when he was a 22-year-old PhD student at Cambridge University. Josephson is the only Welshman to have won a Nobel Prize in Physics. He shared the prize with physicists Leo Esaki and Ivar Giaever, who jointly received half the award for their own work on quantum tunnelling.
Nobel Prize in Literature Since 1901, the Nobel Prize in Literature (Swedish: "Nobelpriset i litteratur" ) has been awarded annually to an author from any country who has, in the words of the will of Alfred Nobel, produced "in the field of literature the most outstanding work in an ideal direction" (original Swedish: "den som inom litteraturen har producerat det mest framstående verket i en idealisk riktning"). Though individual works are sometimes cited as being particularly noteworthy, here "work" refers to an author's work as a whole. The Swedish Academy decides who, if anyone, will receive the prize in any given year. The academy announces the name of the chosen laureate in early October. It is one of the five Nobel Prizes established by the will of Alfred Nobel in 1895; the others are the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize in Physics, Nobel Peace Prize, and Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.
Graphene Research Centre The Graphene Research Centre (GRC), at the National University of Singapore (NUS), is the first centre in Asia dedicated to graphene research. The Centre was established under the scientific advice of two Nobel Laureates in physics – Prof Andre Geim and Prof Konstantin Novoselov - who won the 2010 Nobel Prize in Physics for their discovery of graphene. It was created for the conception, characterization, theoretical modeling, and development of transformative technologies based on two-dimensional crystals, such as graphene.
Nobel Prize in Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics (Swedish: "Nobelpriset i fysik" ) is a yearly award given by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences for those who conferred the most outstanding contributions for mankind in the field of physics. It is one of the five Nobel Prizes established by the will of Alfred Nobel in 1895 and awarded since 1901; the others being the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize in Literature, Nobel Peace Prize, and Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.
List of Danish Nobel laureates This is a list of Danish Nobel laureates. Since the Nobel Prize was established per the will of Swedish inventor Alfred Nobel in 1895, 12 of the prize winners have been from Denmark. The first Danish Nobel laureate was Niels Ryberg Finsen, who won a Nobel Prize for medicine in 1903 for his work in using light therapy to treat diseases. The most recent Danish Nobel Prize winner was Jens Skou who won the prize in chemistry for his discovery over the enzyme, Na+/K+-ATPase in 1997. To date, of the 13 Nobel Prizes won by Danish people, 5 have been for medicine, 3 have been for physics, 3 have been for literature, 1 has been for chemistry and one has been for peace.
List of Nobel laureates in Physiology or Medicine The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (Swedish: "Nobelpriset i fysiologi eller medicin" ) is awarded annually by the Swedish Karolinska Institute to scientists and doctors in the various fields of physiology or medicine. It is one of the five Nobel Prizes established by the 1895 will of Alfred Nobel (who died in 1896), awarded for outstanding contributions in chemistry, physics, literature, peace, and physiology or medicine. As dictated by Nobel's will, the award is administered by the Nobel Foundation and awarded by a committee that consists of five members and an executive secretary elected by the Karolinska Institute. While commonly referred to as the Nobel Prize in Medicine, Nobel specifically stated that the prize be awarded for "physiology or medicine" in his will. Because of this, the prize can be awarded in a broader range of fields. The first Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded in 1901 to Emil Adolf von Behring, of Germany. Each recipient receives a medal, a diploma and a monetary award that has varied throughout the years. In 1901, von Behring received 150,782 SEK, which is equal to 7,731,004 SEK in December 2008. In 2013, the prize was awarded to James E. Rothman, Randy W. Schekman and Thomas C. Südhof; they were recognised "after discovering how cells precisely transport material". The award is presented in Stockholm at an annual ceremony on December 10, the anniversary of Nobel's death.
Konstantin Novoselov Sir Konstantin Sergeevich Novoselov (born 23 August 1974) is a Russian-British physicist, and Langworthy Professor in the School of Physics and Astronomy at the University of Manchester. His work on graphene with Andre Geim earned them the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2010.
Aage Bohr Aage Niels Bohr (] ; 19 June 1922 – 8 September 2009) was a Danish nuclear physicist who shared the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1975 with Ben Mottelson and James Rainwater "for the discovery of the connection between collective motion and particle motion in atomic nuclei and the development of the theory of the structure of the atomic nucleus based on this connection". Starting from Rainwater's concept of an irregular-shaped liquid drop model of the nucleus, Bohr and Mottelson developed a detailed theory that was in close agreement with experiments. Since his father, Niels Bohr, had won the prize in 1922, he and his father were one of the six pairs of fathers and sons who have both won the Nobel Prize and one of the four pairs who have both won the Nobel Prize in Physics.
National Sorry Day National Sorry Day is an annual event that has been held in Australia on 26 May, since 1998, to remember and commemorate the mistreatment of the country's indigenous population. During the 20th century, Australian governments' policies resulted in a "Stolen Generation" – described by John Torpey as "Aboriginal children separated, often forcibly, from their families in the interest of turning them into white Australians".
True Love (Fumiya Fujii song) "True Love" (styled "TRUE LOVE") is a single by Japanese recording artist Fumiya Fujii. It was released on November 10, 1993. It was number-one on the "Oricon" Weekly Singles Chart. It was the 29th best-selling single in Japan in 1993, with 806,000 copies sold, the 11th best-selling single in Japan in 1994, with 1.213 million copies sold and it is the 20th best-selling physical single in Japan, having sold a total of 2.023 million copies.
Typewriter in the Sky Typewriter in the Sky is a science fiction novel written by Scientology founder L. Ron Hubbard. The protagonist Mike de Wolf finds himself inside the story of his friend Horace Hackett's book. He must survive conflict on the high seas in the Caribbean during the 17th century, before eventually returning to his native New York City. Each time a significant event occurs to the protagonist in the story he hears the sounds of a typewriter in the sky. At the story's conclusion, de Wolf wonders if he is still a character in someone else's story. The work was first published in a two-part serial format in 1940 in "Unknown Fantasy Fiction". It was twice published as a combined book with Hubbard's work "Fear". In 1995 Bridge Publications re-released the work along with an audio edition.
List of pre-World Series baseball champions The World Series, the modern championship series of Major League Baseball, began in 1903, and was established as an annual event in 1905. Before the formation of the American Association (AA), there were no playoff rounds—all championships went to the team with the best record at the end of the season. In the initial season of the National League (NL) in 1876, there was controversy as to which team was the champion: the Chicago White Stockings, who had the best overall record (52–14), or the St. Louis Brown Stockings (45–19), who were the only team to have a winning record against every other franchise in the league. The teams agreed to play a five-game "Championship of the West" series, won by St. Louis, 4 games to 1. Beginning in 1884, the championship series between the National League and the American Association were promoted and referred to as the "World's Championship Series" (WCS), or "World's Series" for short; however, they are not officially recognized by Major League Baseball as part of World Series history. Though early publications, such as Ernest Lanigan's "Baseball Cyclopedia" and Turkin and Thompson's "Encyclopedia of Baseball", listed the 19th-century games on an equal basis with those of the 20th century, "Sporting News" publications about the World Series, which began in the 1920s, ignored the 19th-century games, as did most publications about the Series after 1960. Major League Baseball, in general, regards 19th-century events as a prologue to the modern era of baseball, which is defined by the emergence of the two present major leagues.
Bing Crosby Harry Lillis "Bing" Crosby Jr. ( ; May 3, 1903 – October 14, 1977) was an American singer and actor. Crosby's trademark warm bass-baritone voice made him the best-selling recording artist of the 20th century, having sold over one billion records, tapes, compact discs and digital downloads around the world.
Glenn Miller Alton Glenn Miller (March 1, 1904 – missing in action December 15, 1944) was an American big band musician, arranger, composer, and bandleader in the swing era. He was the best-selling recording artist from 1939 to 1943, leading one of the best known big bands. Miller's recordings include "In the Mood", "Moonlight Serenade", "Pennsylvania 6-5000", "Chattanooga Choo Choo", "A String of Pearls", "At Last", "(I've Got a Gal In) Kalamazoo", "American Patrol", "Tuxedo Junction", "Elmer's Tune", and "Little Brown Jug". In just four years Glenn Miller scored 23 number one hits - more than Elvis Presley (18 No. 1s, 38 top 10s) and The Beatles (20 No. 1s, 33 top 10s) had in their careers. While he was traveling to entertain U.S. troops in France during World War II, Miller's aircraft disappeared in bad weather over the English Channel.
Mariah Carey Mariah Carey (born March 27, 1969 or 1970) is an American singer, songwriter, record producer, and actress. In 1990, she rose to fame with the release of "Vision of Love" from her eponymous debut album. The album produced four chart-topping singles in the US and began what would become a string of commercially successful albums which solidified the singer as Columbia Records' highest selling act. Carey and Boyz II Men spent a record sixteen weeks atop the "Billboard" Hot 100 in 1995–1996 with "One Sweet Day," which remains the longest-running number-one song in US chart history. Following a contentious divorce from Sony Music head Tommy Mottola, Carey adopted a new image and traversed towards hip hop with the release of "Butterfly" (1997). In 1998, she was honored as the world's best-selling recording artist of the 1990s at the World Music Awards and subsequently named the best-selling female artist of the millennium in 2000.
Billy Joel William Martin Joel (born May 9, 1949) is an American singer-songwriter and pianist. He was born in the Bronx, New York, and raised on Long Island, New York, places which have a heavy influence on his songs. Since releasing his first hit song, "Piano Man", in 1973, Joel has become the sixth best-selling recording artist and the third best-selling solo artist in the United States. His compilation album "Greatest Hits Vol. 1 & 2" is one of the best-selling albums in the US.
Mitch Miller Mitchell William "Mitch" Miller (July 4, 1911 – July 31, 2010) was an American oboist, conductor, recording producer and recording industry executive. He was involved in almost all aspects of the industry, particularly as a conductor, and artist and repertoire (A&R) man. Miller was one of the most influential people in American popular music during the 1950s and early 1960s, both as the head of A&R at Columbia Records and as a best-selling recording artist with an NBC television series, "Sing Along with Mitch". A graduate of the Eastman School of Music of the University of Rochester in the early 1930s, Miller began his musical career as an accomplished player of the oboe and English horn, making numerous highly regarded classical and popular recordings, but he is best remembered as a choral conductor on television and as a recordings executive.
Otronicon Otronicon (Orlando Electronic Interactive Convention) is an electronic gaming and simulation conference. The first annual convention was held at the Orlando Science Center in Orlando, Florida, United States in January 2006. The fourth annual event was held January 16-20th, 2009 at the Orlando Science Center. Events included tournaments, workshops, retro gaming including a small version of the Videotopia videogame history museum exhibit, gaming movies, and simulations. The event in 2009 was sponsored by Full Sail University, a programming and gaming-development university located outside of Orlando, FL. Otronicon ran for ten days in its inaugural show. It was also held at the Orlando Science Center during the 2007 and 2008 convention. It contained such game systems as the following: Xbox 360, PlayStation 2, Guitar Hero, and many Flight Simulators such as Helicopters, Cars, and the Original Microsoft Flight Simulator. The 2013 convention took place on January 18–21, 2013.
Río Escondido (1948 film) Río Escondido is a 1948 Mexican drama film directed by Emilio Fernández and starring María Félix.
Enamorada (film) Enamorada ("Enamoured") is a 1946 Mexican drama film directed by Emilio Fernández and starring María Félix and Pedro Armendáriz. The film was remade in 1950 as "The Torch" with Armendáriz repeating his role alongside Paulette Goddard who was credited as an associate producer on the film.
Fernando Fernández (actor) Fernando Fernández "El Crooner de México" (1916–1999) was a Mexican actor and singer. He was born on November 9, 1916, in Monterrey, Mexico, and died in Mexico City, Mexico, on November 24, 1999. Fernando was the son of Eloisa Reyes. He was brother of the famous film director Emilio Fernández and actor Jaime Fernández. He was married to singer Lupita Palomera, who died in 2008. Fernando Fernández was known as "the Crooner of Mexico."
Comedy in the Golden Age of Mexican cinema Film became popular and well known in Mexico during “El Porfiriato” which represents the reign of Porfirio Díaz as dictator in Mexico. On August 6, 1896 the first films began to be released and were called/known as “Vistas”. In other words, views. At the time, the Catholic Church and the press were strongly opposed to the “vistas” because of the violence and women that was portrayed. They protested against them. Another important aspect was the projection of the Mexican Revolution to the public through film. It was a way for many to understand what was happening politically. Many agree that rather than the Mexican Revolution being a repression for the film industry, it was more of a motivator in the way it portrayed every battle and struggle. With the positive energy that the Mexico’s film industries was receiving, it began to evolve into “El Cine Sonoro” which translates to the cinema of sound. This was the era in which sound was being added into the silent films. Sadly, it was not as successful as many directors and film maker though it would be. Many failed to correctly synchronize the audio with the picture. Although to some extent it may have been unsuccessful, it is agreeable that it helped revolutionize film in Latin America. Mexico’s film industry takes its height post “El Cine Sonoro” to what is known as “The Golden Age”. Many film members consider this one of the most successful eras in the history of Mexican cinema. Many recognize the films of this era when they see black and white. It is also important to note that the films also portrayed social issues. Some of the most influential directors and actors are Emilio Fernández, Raul De Anda, Roberto B. Cervenna, Cantinflas, Vitola, Tin Tan, etc. The focus of this article will be on some of top grossing comedian actors of the time Cantinflas, Tin Tan, Clavillazo and others.
Jaime Fernández (actor) Jaime Fernández Reyes (December 6, 1937 – April 15, 2005) was a Mexican actor. Over his career, he won 3 Silver Ariel awards - the Mexican equivalent of the Oscar - including one for what is arguably his best-known role, playing Friday in Luis Buñuel's "Robinson Crusoe". He appeared in over 200 films and served as the General Secretary of the Mexican actors' union for 11 years. His older brother was actor/director Emilio Fernández.
Wild Flower (1943 film) Wild Flower (Spanish: Flor silvestre) is a 1943 Mexican historical film directed by Emilio Fernández and starring Dolores del Río and Pedro Armendáriz. Is the first Mexican movie of Dolores del Río after her career in Silent and Golden Age's Hollywood films. It's the first movie of an extended collaboration between Fernández-Del Rio-Armendáriz, Gabriel Figueroa (cinematography) and Mauricio Magdaleno (writer). It also marked the debut of Emilia Guiú in a small role as an extra. The film is considered like the film that defined the so-called Golden Age of Mexican cinema.
Bugambilia Bugambilia ("Bougainvillea") is a Mexican movie of 1945 directed by Emilio Fernández and starring Dolores del Río and Pedro Armendáriz.
Emilio Fernández Emilio "El Indio" Fernández (born Emilio Fernández Romo, ] ; March 26, 1904 – August 6, 1986) was a Mexican film director, actor and screenwriter. He was one of the most prolific film directors of the Golden Age of Mexican cinema in the 1940s and 1950s. He is best known for his work as director of the film "Maria Candelaria" (1944), which won the Palme d'Or award at the 1946 Cannes Film Festival. As an actor, he worked in numerous film productions in Mexico and in Hollywood.
Las Abandonadas Las Abandonadas (The Abandoned) is a Mexican film of 1945, directed by Emilio Fernández, starring Dolores del Río and Pedro Armendáriz.
Columba Domínguez Columba Domínguez Adalid (March 4, 1929 – August 13, 2014) was a Mexican actress, singer, and painter. Considered a crucial figure in the Golden Age of Mexican cinema, she was one of the muses of the film director Emilio Fernández, with whom she was romantically linked for several years. She is remembered particularly for her performance in the film "Pueblerina" (1949), which is considered one of the jewels of the Mexican Cinema.
Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency The Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency (Dutch: "Planbureau voor de Leefomgeving" - abbr. "PBL") is a Dutch research institute that advises the Dutch government on environmental policy and regional planning issues. The research fields include sustainable development, energy and climate change, biodiversity, transport, land use, and air quality. It is one of three applied policy research institutes of the Dutch government, the other two being "Centraal Planbureau" (CPB), and "Sociaal en Cultureel Planbureau" (SCP). Since November 2015 Hans Mommaas is director of the Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency.
ASR Nederland ASR Nederland is a major Dutch insurance group based in Utrecht. The company was created in its current form in 2008 when the insurance business was split out of Fortis, after it was acquired by the Dutch government during the Financial crisis of 2007-2010. The Dutch government revived the old name that had been used prior to the acquisition by Fortis in 2000 for the newly structured company.
Partus sequitur ventrem Partus sequitur ventrem, often abbreviated to partus, in the British North American colonies and later in the United States, was a legal doctrine which the English royal colonies incorporated in legislation related to definitions of slavery. It was derived from the Roman civil law; it held that the slave status of a child followed that of his or her mother. It was widely adopted into the laws of slavery in the colonies and the following United States. The Latin phrase literally means "that which is brought forth follows the womb".
Dutch East India Company The United East India Company or the United East Indian Company, also known as the United East Indies Company (Dutch: Vereenigde Oost-Indische Compagnie ; or Verenigde Oostindische Compagnie in modern spelling; VOC), referred to by the British as the Dutch East India Company, or sometimes known as the Dutch East Indies Company, was originally established as a chartered company in 1602, when the Dutch government granted it a 21-year monopoly on the Dutch spice trade. A pioneering early model of the multinational corporation in its modern sense, the company is also often considered to be the world's first true transnational corporation. In the early 1600s, the VOC became the first company in history to issue bonds and shares of stock to the general public. In other words, the VOC was the world's first formally listed public company, because it was the first corporation to be ever actually listed on an official (formal) stock exchange. As the first historical model of the quasi-fictional concept of the megacorporation, the VOC possessed quasi-governmental powers, including the ability to wage war, imprison and execute convicts, negotiate treaties, strike its own coins, and establish colonies.
Hsieh Yung-kuan Cheah Meng Chi （謝夢池） or Cheah Choon Seng or Tjia Tjoen Sen（謝春生） or Hsie Yung Kuang （謝榮光）, a Hakka from Meixian, Guangdong, China, was Chinese Vice Consul in Penang from 1895–1903 and from 1906-1907. He was a founding director of the Deli Bank in Medan, Indonesia. Born in 1848 in Pontianak, Dutch East Indies. He was a contractor of provisions and foodstuffs to the Dutch Government for eight years before moving to Kota Raja or Banda Acheh on the east coast of Sumatra where, in addition to those existing contracts he obtained fresh contracts for the construction of railroads and for opium and other revenue farms. He was appointed Lieutenant China, which he held for twenty-one years after which he was made Captain China. The Dutch Government conferred on him the Gold Star for "Trouw en Verdienste" and with a gold medal for outstanding contributions to them. Around 1898 he relinquished management of his business interests there, handing them over to the management of his attorney, Mr. Leong Mok On, and moved to Penang where he lived at No. 8, Leith Street. He was appointed Chinese Vice-Consul to Penang, a position that was taken up by his son-in-law, Mr. Leong Fee, upon his resignation. He had interests in the Tambun mines in Perak and the Bentong mines near Kuala Lumpur. He was a member of the Penang Chinese Town Hall committee. He married the daughter of the Mayor of Pontianak, Mr. Chong Hi. Together with Cheong Fatt Tze, Leong Fee（梁輝, Zhang Yao Xuan（張耀軒, and Foo Choo Choon（胡子春）, he founded the Chung Hua School（中華學校 or 中華學堂, the first modern Chinese school in Malaya teaching in Mandarin. Cheah Choon Seng died on 4 February 1916.
F. D. J. Pangemanann Frederick D. J. Pangemanann (also Pangemanan; 1870–1910) was a Minahasa journalist and novelist active in the Dutch East Indies (now Indonesia).
Weerbaarheidsafdeling The Weerbaarheidsafdeling (typically called WA) was the paramilitary arm of the National Socialist Movement in the Netherlands (Dutch: NSB), the fascist political party that collaborated with the German occupiers of the Netherlands during World War II. The organization, roughly equivalent to the German SA, was founded in 1932 by Anton Mussert, co-founder of the NSB in 1931 and its leader until the end of the war. Members wore and marched in black uniforms and were thus called "blackshirts". In 1933 the Dutch government banned the wearing of uniforms (by civilians), and the WA was disbanded in 1935 in order to forestall the Dutch government's banning it. In 1940, after the German invasion, the WA became openly active again, and more ruthless than before. They specialized in violent attacks, particularly on the Dutch Jewish population.
Dutch East Indies The Dutch East Indies (or Netherlands East-Indies; Dutch: "Nederlands(ch)-Indië" ; Indonesian: "Hindia Belanda" ) was a Dutch colony. It was formed from the nationalised colonies of the Dutch East India Company, which came under the administration of the Dutch government in 1800.
Netherlands Government Information Service The Netherlands Government Information Service ("Dutch:" Rijksvoorlichtingsdienst, abbrev.: RVD) is a Dutch government agency. The RVD is the official information service of the Dutch government and is the spokesbody for the prime minister, the Council of Ministers and the Dutch Royal House. The RVD is also responsible for providing public information on government policy, the prime minister and the Ministry of General Affairs.