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We prove that the maximal dimension of a Kummer space in the generic tensor product of $n$ cyclic algebras of degree 4 is $4 n+1$. |
Any associative bilinear multiplication on the set of n-by-n matrices over some field of characteristic not two, that makes the same vectors orthogonal and has the same trace as ordinary matrix multiplication, must be ordinary matrix multiplication or its opposite. |
We formulate and answer Gorenstein projective, flat, and injective analogues of a classical projectivity question for group rings under some mild additional assumptions. Although the original question, that was proposed by Jang-Hyun Jo in 2007, was for integral group rings, in this article, we deal with more general c... |
Leibniz algebras generated by one element, called cyclic, provide simple and illuminating examples of many basic concepts. It is the purpose of this paper to illustrate this fact. |
We revisit the classical theorem by Cayley and Hamilton, "{\em each endomorphism is a root of its own characteristic polynomial}", from the point of view of {\em Hasse--Schmidt derivations on an exterior algebra} |
We first present a solution to a conjecture of I. Correa, A. Labra and I.R. Hentzel in the positive. We prove that if $A$ is a commutative nonassociative algebra over a field of characteristic $\ne 2,3$, satisfying the identity $x(x(xx))=0$, then $L_{a^{t_1}}L_{a^{t_2}}\cdots L_{a^{t_s}} \equiv 0$ if $ t_1+t_2+\cdots ... |
Given a fine abelian group grading on a finite dimensional simple Lie algebra over an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero, with universal grading group $G$, it is shown that the induced grading by the free group $G/\tor(G)$ is a grading by a (not necessarily reduced) root system. <br>Some consequences fo... |
Meadows - commutative rings equipped with a total inversion operation - can be axiomatized by purely equational means. We study subvarieties of the variety of meadows obtained by extending the equational theory and expanding the signature. |
We set up an algebraic theory of multivariable integration, based on a hierarchy of Rota-Baxter operators and an action of the matrix monoid as linear substitutions. Given a suitable coefficient domain with a bialgebra structure, this allows us to build an operator ring that acts naturally on the given Rota-Baxter hie... |
Let $(N,\Phi)$ be a circular Ferrero pair. We define the disk with center $b$ and radius $a$, $\mathcal{D}(a;b)$, as \[\mathcal{D}(a;b)=\{x\in \Phi(r)+c\mid r\neq 0,\ b\in \Phi(r)+c,\ |(\Phi(r)+c)\cap (\Phi(a)+b)|=1\}. |
The purpose of the present paper is to study representations and cohomologies of differential 3-Lie algebras with any weight. We introduce the representation of a differential 3-Lie algebra. |
Motivated by recent findings on the derivation of parametric non-involutive solutions of the Yang-Baxter equation we reconstruct the underlying algebraic structures, called near braces. Using the notion of the near braces we produce new multi-parametric, non-degenerate, non-involutive solutions of the set-theoretic Ya... |
We solve the problem of determining the Weierstrass structure of a regular matrix pencil obtained by a low rank perturbation of another regular matrix pencil. We apply the result to find necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of a low rank perturbation such that the perturbed pencil has prescribed eigen... |
In this paper, we construct self-dual codes from a construction that involves 2x2 block circulant matrices, group rings and a reverse circulant matrix. We provide conditions whereby this construction can yield self-dual codes. |
We construct varieties B(r;An) such that a map X -> B(r;An) corresponds to a degree-n étale algebra on X equipped with r generating global sections. We then show that when n = 2, i.e., in the quadratic étale case, that the singular cohomology of B(r; An)(R) can be used to reconstruct a famous example of S. Chase an... |
A graded-division algebra is an algebra graded by a group such that all nonzero homogeneous elements are invertible. This includes division algebras equipped with an arbitrary group grading (including the trivial grading). |
A square matrix is called {\it Hessenberg} whenever each entry below the subdiagonal is zero and each entry on the subdiagonal is nonzero. Let $V$ denote a nonzero finite-dimensional vector space over a field $\fld$. |
We classify, up to isomorphism, the group gradings on the non-exceptional classical simple Lie superalgebras, except for type A(1,1), over an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero. To this end, we study graded-simple and graded-superinvolution-simple associative superalgebras satisfying the descending chai... |
An element of a ring is unique clean if it can be uniquely written as the sum of an idempotent and a unit. A ring $R$ is uniquely $\pi$-clean if some power of every element in $R$ is uniquely clean. |
Recently, Malik and Ferreyra introduced the $m$-weak core inverse for complex square matrices which generalizes the core-EP inverse, the WC inverse, and therefore the core inverse. The main aim of this paper is to extend the concept of $m$-weak core inverse for complex rectangular matrices. |
In this paper, we introduce and investigate \emph{semicorings} over associative semirings and their categories of \emph{semicomodules. } Our results generalize old and recent results on corings over rings and their categories of comodules. |
For each clone C on a set A there is an associated equivalence relation, called C-equivalence, on the set of all operations on A, which relates two operations iff each one is a substitution instance of the other using operations from C. In this paper we prove that if C is a discriminator clone on a finite set, then the... |
Let $R$ be a ring, $(S,\leq)$ a strictly ordered monoid and $\omega: S\rightarrow End(R)$ a monoid homomorphism. In this paper we study the ascending chain conditions on principal left (resp. right) ideals of the skew generalized power series ring $R[[S,\omega ]]$. |
We give infinite triangularization and strict triangularization results for algebras of operators on infinite dimensional vector spaces. We introduce a class of algebras we call Ore-solvable algebras: these are similar to iterated Ore extensions but need not be free as modules over the intermediate subrings. |
In this paper we examine the commutativity of ideal extensions. We introduce methods of constructing such extensions, in particular we construct a noncommutative ring T which contains a central and idempotent ideal I such that T/I is a field. |
Maxmin-$\omega$ dynamical systems were previously introduced as a generalization of dynamical systems expressed by tropical linear algebra. To describe steady states of such systems one has to study an eigenproblem of the form $A\otimes_{\omega} x=\lambda+x$ where $\otimes_{\omega}$ is the maxmin-$\omega$ matrix-vecto... |
Let ${\rm M}(V)={\rm M}(n,\mathbb{F}_q)$ denote the algebra of $n\times n$ matrices over $\mathbb{F}_q$, and let ${\rm M}(V)_U$ denote the (maximal reducible) subalgebra that normalizes a given $r$-dimensional subspace $U$ of $V=\mathbb{F}_q^n$ where $0<r<n$. We prove that the density of non-cyclic matrices in $... |
The aim of this work is to introduce representations of BiHom-left-symmetric algebras. and develop its cohomology theory. |
The aim of this paper is to describe all inner and all outer derivations of Leavitt path algebra W(n) via explicit formulas. In fact the space of all inner and all outer derivations of the Leavitt path algebra W(n) has been described. |
Let $KG$ be the group ring of a group $G$ over a commutative ring $K$ with unity. The rings $KG$ are described for which $xx^\sigma=x^\sigma x$ for all $x=\sum_{g\in G}\alpha_gg\in KG$, where \quad $x\mapsto x^\sigma=~\sum_{g\in G}\alpha_gf(g)\sigma(g)$\quad is an involution of $KG$; here $f: G\to U(K)$ is a homomorph... |
The aim of this paper is introduce and give some constructions results and examples of n-BiHom-Lie color algebras. Next, we introduce the definition of BiHom-modules over n- BiHom-Lie color algebras and we provide some properties. |
In this note we prove the Launois-Lenagan conjecture on the classification of the automorphism groups of the algebras of quantum matrices R_q[M_n] of square shape for all positive integers n, base fields K, and deformation parameters q \in K^* which are not roots of unity. |
We study the class of pseudo BL-algebras whose every maximal filter is normal. We present an equational base for this class and we extend these results for the class of basic pseudo hoops with fixed strong unit. |
In the ongoing programme to classify noncommutative projective surfaces (connected graded noetherian domains of Gelfand-Kirillov dimension three) a natural question is to determine the minimal models within any birational class. In this paper we show that the generic noncommutative projective plane (corresponding to t... |
We present a derivation of classical Hermite, Laguerre, and Jacobi orthogonal polynomials directly through the Gram-Schmidt orthogonization process. The derivation uses certain generalized Vandermonde determinants with entries defined by Gamma and Beta functions. |
We propose a notion of a super n-Lie algebra and construct a super n-Lie algebra with the help of a given binary super Lie algebra which is equipped with an analog of a supertrace. We apply this approach to the super Lie algebra of a Clifford algebra with even number of generators and making use of a matrix representa... |
Using approximations, we give several characterizations of separability of bimodules. We also discuss how separability properties can be used to transfer some representation theoretic properties from one ring to another one: contravariant finiteness of the subcategory of (finitely generated) left modules with finite p... |
The centralizer of an endomorphism of a finite dimensional vector space is known when the endomorphism is nonderogatory or when its minimal polynomial splits over the field. It is also known for the real Jordan canonical form. |
In this paper we present some symmetric nonnegative 5x5 matrix families that realize a previously unknown region. We also prove that these and other symmetric nonnegative 5x5 matrix families are closed under perturbations first presented in W. Guo. |
By defining multiplicities for zeros of polynomials over hyperfields, Baker and Lorscheid were able to provide a unifying perspective on Descartes's rule and the Newton polygon rule for polynomials over a formally-real and valued field respectively. In this paper, we apply their multiplicity formula to the hyperfi... |
We study systems of polynomial equations in several classes of finitely generated rings and algebras. For each ring $R$ (or algebra) in one of these classes we obtain an interpretation by systems of equations of a ring of integers $O$ of a finite field extension of either $\mathbb{Q}$ or $\mathbb{F}_p(t)$, for some pr... |
For a given abelian group G, we classify the isomorphism classes of G-gradings on the simple restricted Lie algebras of types W(m;1) and S(m;1) (m>=2), in terms of numerical and group-theoretical invariants. Our main tool is automorphism group schemes, which we determine for the simple restricted Lie algebras of ty... |
The literature about strongly clean matrices over commutative rings is quite extensive. The sharpest results are about matrices over commutative local rings, for example those by Borooah, Diesl and Dorsey. |
In this paper, we introduce the concept of fuzzy Hom-Lie subalgebras (ideals) of Hom-Lie algebras and we investigate some of their properties. We study the relationship between fuzzy Hom-Lie subalgebras (resp. ideals) and Hom-Lie subalgebras (resp. ideals). |
This paper presents two universal algorithms for generalized Bellman equations with symmetric Toeplitz matrix. The algorithms are semiring extensions of two well-known methods solving Toeplitz systems in the ordinary linear algebra. |
A class of skew derivations on complex Noetherian generalized down-up algebras $L=L(f,r,s,\gamma)$ is constructed. |
We prove that assosymmetric algebras under Jordan product are Lie triple. A Lie triple algebra is called special if it is isomorphic to a subalgebra of some plus-assosymmetric algebra. |
An extension of algebras is a homomorphism of algebras preserving identities. We use extensions of algebras to study the finitistic dimension conjecture over Artin algebras. |
We give a description of the kernel of the induction map K_0(R)->K_0(S), where S is a commutative ring and R is the ring of invariants of the action of a finite group G on S. The description is in terms of H^1(G,GL(S)). |
In this article, we give necessary and sufficient conditions under which the Leavitt path algebra $L_K(\mathcal{G})$ of an ultragraph $\mathcal{G}$ over a field $K$ is purely infinite simple and that it is von Neumann regular. Consequently, we obtain that every graded simple ultragraph Leavitt path algebra is either a... |
The (co)associative, partially (co)associative and totally (co)associative $3$-ary (co) algebras and infinitesimal bialgebras are constructed and discussed. Their trimodules and matched pairs are defined and completely characterized. |
A homotope, or a mutation, of a $k$-algebra is a new algebra with the same underlying space, but with the multiplication law dependent on the multiplication law of the original algebra. In this paper, we show that a generic finite-dimensional algebra of dimension greater than 3 has infinitely many non-isotopic homotop... |
A skew meadow is a non-commutative ring with an inverse operator satisfying two special equations and in which the inverse of zero is zero. All skew fields and products of skew fields can be viewed as skew meadows. |
In this paper, we define $\omega$-derivations, and study some properties of $\omega$-derivations, with its properties we can structure a new $n$-ary Hom-Nambu algebra from an $n$-ary Hom-Nambu algebra. In addition, we also give derivations and representations of $n$-ary Hom-Nambu algebras. |
We use the concept of a regular object with respect to another object in an arbitrary category, defined in \cite{dntd}, in order to obtain the transfer of regularity in the sense of Zelmanowitz between the categories $R-$mod and $S-$mod, when $S$ is an excellent extension of the ring $R$. Consequently, we obtain a res... |
We study permutation polynomials through the device of the \emph{polypermutation group} of an associative ring $R$, denoted by ${\rm Pgr}(R)$. We derive some basic properties and compute the cardinality of ${\rm Pgr}(\mathbb{Z}/p^k)$ when $p\geq k$. |
The principal minors of a symmetric $n{\times}n$-matrix form a vector of length $2^n$. We characterize these vectors in terms of algebraic equations derived from the $ 2{\times}2{\times}2$-hyperdeterminant. |
The non-commuting graph $\Gamma_R$ of a finite ring $R$ with center $Z(R)$ is a simple undirected graph whose vertex set is $R \setminus Z(R)$ and two distinct vertices $a$ and $b$ are adjacent if and only if $ab \ne ba$. In this paper, we show that $\Gamma_R$ is not isomorphic to certain graphs of any finite non-comm... |
The purpose of this paper is define the representation and the cohomology of n-ary-Nambu-Lie superalgebras. Morever we study extensions and provide the computation of the derivations and second cohomology group of super w_1 3-algebra |
We continue our studies on semilattice ordered algebras. This time we accept constants in the type of algebras. |
An identity s=t is linear if each variable occurs at most once in each of the terms s and t. Let T be a tolerance relation of an algebra A in a variety defined by a set of linear identities. |
In this paper we explore minimum odd and minimum even depth sub algebra pairs in the context of double cross products of finite dimensional Hopf algebras. We start by defining factorization algebras and outline how subring depth in this context relates with the module depth of the regular left module representation of... |
The Modular Isomorphism Problem asks, if an isomorphism between modular group algebras of finite $p$-groups over a field $F$ implies an isomorphism of the group bases. We explore the differences of knowledge on the problem when $F$ is either assumed to be a prime field or a general field of characteristic $p$. |
In this paper, we classify the following simple $\mathbb{Z}$-graded Lie conformal algebras $\mathcal{L}=\bigoplus_{i\in \mathbb{Z}}\mathcal{L}_i$ such that (1)$rank\mathcal{L}_i\leq 1$, (2)$\mathcal{L}_0$ is the Virasoro Lie conformal algebra. |
In this paper we describe all those ordered semigroups which are the nil extension of Clifford, left Clifford, group like, left group like ordered semigroups. |
In this paper, we introduce the notion of system of quotients of Lie triple systems and investigate some properties which can be lifted from a Lie triple system to its systems of quotients. We relate the notion of Lie triple system of Martindale-like quotients with respect to a filter of ideals and the notion of syste... |
We study Steinberg algebras constructed from ample Hausdorff groupoids over commutative integral domains with identity. We reconstruct (graded) groupoids from (graded) Steinberg algebras and use this to characterise when there is a diagonal-preserving (graded) isomorphism between two (graded) Steinberg algebras. |
We want to bound the symbol length of classes in ${_{2^{m-1}}Br}(F)$ which are represented by tensor products of 5 or 6 cyclic algebras of degree $2^m$. The main ingredients are the chain lemma for quadratic forms, a form of a generalized Clifford invariant and Pfister's and Rost's descriptions of 12- and 14-d... |
We introduce and study an abstract class of semirings, which we call exact semirings, defined by a Hahn-Banach-type separation property on modules. Our motivation comes from the tropical semiring, and in particular a desire to understand the often surprising extent to which it behaves like a field. |
In 2005, M. Behboodi introduced the notion of a classical prime ring module, which he showed is, in general, nonequivalent to a (Dauns) prime ring module. In this paper, we extended the idea of classical primeness to near-ring module. |
This paper is devoted to the study of a fascinating class of residuated lattices, the so-called mp-residuated lattice, in which any prime filter contains a unique minimal prime filter. A combination of algebraic and topological methods is applied to obtain new and structural results on mp-residuated lattices. |
The adjoint of a matrix in the Lie algebra associated with a matrix algebra is a fundamental operator, which can be generalized to a more general operator $\varphi_{AB}: X\rightarrow AX-XB$ by two matrices $A$ and $B$. The kernel of the operator is very well-known and it can be found in Gantmacher's book. |
Let V(F_pG) be the group of normalized units of the group algebra F_pG of a finite nonabelian p-group G over the field F_p of p elements. Our goal is to investigate the power structure of V(F_pG), when it has nilpotency class p. |
We show that for a large class of varieties of algebras, the equational theory of the congruence lattices of the members is not finitely based. |
In our work we investigate quotient structures and quotient spaces of a space of orderings arising from subgroups of index two. We provide necessary and sufficient conditions for a quotient structure to be a quotient space that, among other things, depend on the stability index of the given space. |
It was conjectured at the end of the book "Representation theory of Artin algebras" by M. Auslander, I. Reiten and S. Smalo that an Artin algebra with the property that its finitely generated indecomposable modules are up to isomorphism completely determined by theirs composition factors is of finite representa... |
Consider a tensor product of free algebras over a field $k$, the so-called multipartite free algebra $A=k \langle X^{(1)}\rangle\otimes\cdots\otimes k\langle X^{(G)}\rangle$. It is well-known that $A$ is a domain, but not a fir nor even a Sylvester domain. |
In this article, we prove Conjecture $1$ posed in 2013 by Fo$\check{s}$ner \cite{fos} and Conjecture $1$ posed in 2014 by Ali and Fo$\check{s}$ner \cite{ali} related to generalized $(m,n)$-Jordan centralizer and derivation respectively. |
The present paper is devoted to study 2-local derivations on infinite-dimensional Lie algebras over a field of characteristic zero. We prove that all 2-local derivations on the Witt algebra as well as on the positive Witt algebra are (global)derivations, and give an example of infinite-dimensional Lie algebra with a 2... |
Categorical constructions on heaps and modules over trusses are considered and contrasted with the corresponding constructions on groups and rings. These include explicit description of free heaps and free Abelian heaps, coproducts or direct sums of Abelian heaps and modules over trusses, and description and analysis ... |
In this paper, we consider free transposed Poisson algebra and free F-manifold algebra with an additional metabelian identity. We construct a linear basis for both free metabelian transposed Poisson algebra and free metabelian F-manifold algebra. |
Let L be a finite dimensional simple Lie superalgebra over an algebraically closed field of characteristic different from 2. In this paper, we prove that each skew-supersymmtric super-biderivation of L is inner. |
Let $R$ be either the ring of Lipschitz quaternions, or the ring of Hurwitz quaternions. Then, $R$ is a subring of the division ring $\mathbb{D}$ of rational quaternions. |
In this paper, we introduce the cohomology theory of relative Rota-Baxter operators on Leibniz algebras. We use the cohomological approach to study linear and formal deformations of relative Rota-Baxter operators. |
Let V be a variety of not necessarily associative algebras, and A an inverse limit of nilpotent algebras A_i\in V, such that some finitely generated subalgebra S \subseteq A is dense in A under the inverse limit of the discrete topologies on the A_i. <br>A sufficient condition on V is obtained for all algebra homomorp... |
In this paper, we first give the notation of a compatible pre-Lie algebra and its representation. We study the relation between compatible Lie algebras and compatible pre-Lie algebras. |
Let $\Lambda=kQ/I$ be a Koszul algebra over a field $k$, where $Q$ is a finite quiver. An algorithmic method for finding a minimal projective resolution $\mathbb{F}$ of the graded simple modules over $\Lambda$ is given in Green-Solberg. |
Factorization in algebra is an important problem. In this paper, we first obtain a unique factorization in free Nijenhuis algebras. |
Which groups can be the group of units in a ring? This open question, posed by László Fuchs in 1960, has been studied by the authors and others with a variety of restrictions on either the class of groups or the class of rings under consideration. |
A ring $R$ is called right (small) dual if every (small) right ideal of $R$ is a right annihilator. Left (small) dual rings can be defined similarly. |
We classify quantum analogues of actions of finite subgroups G of SL_2(k) on commutative polynomial rings k[u,v]. More precisely, we produce a classification of pairs (H,R), where H is a finite dimensional Hopf algebra that acts inner faithfully and preserves the grading of an Artin-Schelter regular algebra R of globa... |
The objects of the great Nonlinear Revolutions - Catastrophes and Chaos in the 1960s-70s (henceforth, CT); and, small-world and scale-free Network Theory (NT), emerging quite recently - will be spliced together by a New Kind of Number Theory, focused on digitizations (i.e., binary strings). NT nodes then become featur... |
In the present paper we extend and improve the results of \cite{bl, br} for the tensor square of Lie algebras. More precisely, for any Lie algebra $L$ with $L/L^2$ of finite dimension, we prove $L\otimes L\cong L\square L\oplus L\wedge L$ and $Z^{\wedge}(L)\cap L^2=Z^{\otimes}(L)$. |
We describe the fine (group) gradings on the Heisenberg algebras, on the Heisenberg superalgebras and on the twisted Heisenberg algebras. We compute the Weyl groups of these gradings. |
Trialitarian automorphisms are related to automorphisms of order 3 of the Dynkin diagram of type D4. Octic etale algebras with trivial discriminant, containing quartic subalgebras, are classified by Galois cohomology with value in the Weyl group of type D4. |
Filipov proved that Jacobian algebra is n-Lie. In our paper we consider algebras defined on associative commutative algebra U with derivation $\der$ by (k+1)-multiplication $V^{0,1,...,k}=\der^0\wedge\der^1\wedge...\wedge \der^k$ (Wronskian). |
We study exceptional Jordan algebras and related exceptional group schemes over commutative rings from a geometric point of view, using appropriate torsors to parametrize and explain classical and new constructions, and proving that over rings, they give rise to non-isomorphic structures. <br>We begin by showing that ... |
This is a survey of the known properties of Iwasawa algebras, which are completed group rings of compact p-adic analytic groups with coefficients the ring Zp of p-adic integers or the field Fp of p elements. A number of open questions are also stated. |
A short proof is given of the fact that various classes of algebras including the free associative algebra are Hopfian, i.e., every epimorphism is an automorphism. This further simplifies the Dicks-Lewin solution of the Jacobian conjecture for the free associative algebra. |
Hard to summarize concisely; here are the high points. The first two statements below are ring-theoretic; in these R is a nontrivial ring, R^\omega, and \bigoplus_\omega R are the direct product, respectively direct sum, of countably many copies of R; the remaining two statements are in the context of general algebra ... |
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