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Twitter as a new form of social media potentially contains useful information that opens new opportunities for content analysis on tweets. This paper examines the predictive power of Twitter regarding the US presidential election of 2012. |
In this paper, we interpret the community question answering websites on the StackExchange platform as knowledge markets, and analyze how and why these markets can fail at scale. A knowledge market framing allows site operators to reason about market failures, and to design policies to prevent them. |
The development of global positioning system stimulates the popularity of location-based social network (LBSN) services. With a large volume of data containing locations, texts, check-in information, and social relationships, spatial keyword queries in LBSNs have become increasingly complex. |
The relationship between the concepts of network and knowledge graph is explored. A knowledge graph can be considered a special type of network. |
People use microblogging platforms like Twitter to involve with other users for a wide range of interests and practices. Twitter profiles run by different types of users such as humans, bots, spammers, businesses and professionals. |
The Coronavirus pandemic created a global crisis that prompted immediate large-scale action, including economic shutdowns and mobility restrictions. These actions have had devastating effects on the economy, but some positive effects on the environment. |
Censuses around the world are key sources of data to guide government investments and public policies. However, these sources are very expensive to obtain and are collected relatively infrequently. |
Recently, the Network Representation Learning (NRL) techniques, which represent graph structure via low-dimension vectors to support social-oriented application, have attracted wide attention. Though large efforts have been made, they may fail to describe the multiple aspects of similarity between social users, as onl... |
Reputation systems are currently used, often with success, to ensure the functioning of online services as well as of e-commerce sites. Despite the relationship between reputation and material cooperative behaviours is quite supported, less obvious appears the relationship with informative behaviours, which are crucia... |
Understanding human migration is of great interest to demographers and social scientists. User generated digital data has made it easier to study such patterns at a global scale. |
Delineating areas within metropolitan regions stands as an important focus among urban researchers, shedding light on the urban perimeters shaped by evolving population dynamics. Applications to urban science are numerous, from facilitating comparisons between delineated districts and administrative divisions to infor... |
Among the topics discussed on social media, some spark more heated debate than others. For example, experience suggests that major political events, such as a vote for healthcare law in the US, would spark more debate between opposing sides than other events, such as a concert of a popular music band. |
Twitter has been accused of a liberal bias in its account verification and content moderation policies. Elon Musk pledged, after his acquisition of the company, to promote free speech on the platform by overhauling verification and moderation policies. |
Network embedding in heterogeneous information networks (HINs) is a challenging task, due to complications of different node types and rich relationships between nodes. As a result, conventional network embedding techniques cannot work on such HINs. |
We introduce a series of generalized clustering coefficients based on String formalism given by Aoyama, using adjacent matrix in networks. We numerically evaluate Milgram condition proposed in order to explore q-th degrees of separation in scale free networks and small world networks. |
This article studies the evolution of opinions and interpersonal influence structures in a group of agents as they discuss a sequence of issues, each of which follows an opinion dynamics model. In this work, we propose a general opinion dynamics model and an evolution of interpersonal influence structures based on the... |
In the study of the behavior of centrality measures with respect to network modifications, score monotonicity means that adding an arc increases the centrality score of the target of the arc; rank monotonicity means that adding an arc improves the importance of the target of the arc relative to the remaining nodes. It... |
In September 2017, Hurricane María made landfall across the Caribbean region as a category 4 storm. In the aftermath, many residents of Puerto Rico were without power or clean running water for nearly a year. |
In many societies alcohol is a legal and common recreational substance and socially accepted. Alcohol consumption often comes along with social events as it helps people to increase their sociability and to overcome their inhibitions. |
Success of planetary-scale online collaborative platforms such as Wikipedia is hinged on active and continued participation of its voluntary contributors. The phenomenal success of Wikipedia as a valued multilingual source of information is a testament to the possibilities of collective intelligence. |
The aftermath of the 2020 US Presidential Election witnessed an unprecedented attack on the democratic values of the country through the violent insurrection at Capitol Hill on January 6th, 2021. The attack was fueled by the proliferation of conspiracy theories and misleading claims about the integrity of the election... |
Social media platforms have been widely linked to societal harms, including rising polarization and the erosion of constructive debate. Can these problems be mitigated through prosocial interventions? |
Searching for local communities is an important research problem that supports advanced data analysis in various complex networks, such as social networks, collaboration networks, cellular networks, etc. The evolution of such networks over time has motivated several recent studies to identify local communities in dyna... |
Widely distributed misinformation shared across social media channels is a pressing issue that poses a significant threat to many aspects of society's well-being. Inaccurate shared information causes confusion, can adversely affect mental health, and can lead to mis-informed decision-making. |
Wikipedia articles aim to be definitive sources of encyclopedic content. Yet, only 0.6% of Wikipedia articles have high quality according to its quality scale due to insufficient number of Wikipedia editors and enormous number of articles. |
With the expansion in tenders on the Internet and social media, Arabic Sentiment Analysis (ASA) has assumed a significant position in the field of text mining study and has since remained used to explore the sentiments of users about services, various products or topics conversed over the Internet. This mapping paper ... |
People come to social media to satisfy a variety of needs, such as being informed, entertained and inspired, or connected to their friends and community. Hence, to design a ranking function that gives useful and personalized post recommendations, it would be helpful to be able to predict the affective response a user ... |
Complex systems are usually illustrated by networks which captures the topology of the interactions between the entities. To better understand the roles played by the entities in the system one needs to uncover the underlying community structure of the system. |
In this paper, we propose a unsupervised framework to reconstruct a person's life history by creating a chronological list for {\it personal important events} (PIE) of individuals based on the tweets they published. By analyzing individual tweet collections, we find that what are suitable for inclusion in the pers... |
Remote work arrangements and limited recreational options in times of social isolation increase the risk of digital overuse for individuals. Its consequences can range from impaired mental health to issues of technology addiction. |
Online social platforms have become central in the political debate. In this context, the existence of echo chambers is a problem of primary relevance. |
Ranking on large-scale graphs plays a fundamental role in many high-impact application domains, ranging from information retrieval, recommender systems, sports team management, biology to neuroscience and many more. PageRank, together with many of its random walk based variants, has become one of the most well-known a... |
It is well-established that the process of learning and capability building is core to economic development and structural transformation. Since knowledge is `sticky', a key component of this process is learning-by-doing, which can be achieved via a variety of mechanisms including international research collaborat... |
A community is sub-network inside P2P networks that partition the network into groups of similar peers to improve performance by reducing network traffic and high search query success rate. Large communities are common in online social networks than traditional file-sharing P2P networks because many people capture hug... |
Studies of online influence operations, coordinated efforts to disseminate and amplify disinformation, focus on forensic analysis of social networks or of publicly available datasets of trolls and bot accounts. However, little is known about the experiences and challenges of human participants in influence operations.... |
Social recommendation models weave social interactions into their design to provide uniquely personalized recommendation results for users. However, social networks not only amplify the popularity bias in recommendation models, resulting in more frequent recommendation of hot items and fewer long-tail items, but also ... |
We propose an approach based on analysis of cost-quality tradeoffs for comparison of efficiency of various algorithms for small-world network construction. A number of both known in the literature and original algorithms for complex small-world networks construction are shortly reviewed and compared. |
With the rapid development of modern technology, the Web has become an important platform for users to make friends and acquire information. However, since information on the Web is over-abundant, information filtering becomes a key task for online users to obtain relevant suggestions. |
Most street gang members use Twitter to intimidate others, to present outrageous images and statements to the world, and to share recent illegal activities. Their tweets may thus be useful to law enforcement agencies to discover clues about recent crimes or to anticipate ones that may occur. |
Prediction of popularity has profound impact for social media, since it offers opportunities to reveal individual preference and public attention from evolutionary social systems. Previous research, although achieves promising results, neglects one distinctive characteristic of social data, i.e., sequentiality. |
Unsupervised homogeneous network embedding (NE) represents every vertex of networks into a low-dimensional vector and meanwhile preserves the network information. Adjacency matrices retain most of the network information, and directly charactrize the first-order proximity. |
In this paper, we analyze dynamic switching networks, wherein the networks switch arbitrarily among a set of topologies. For this class of dynamic networks, we derive an epidemic threshold, considering the SIS epidemic model. |
The evolution of a thematic area undergoes various changes of perspective and adopts new theoretical approaches that arise from the interactions of the community and a wide range of social needs. The advent of digital technologies, such as social networks, underlines this factor by spreading knowledge and forging link... |
One of the major hurdles preventing the full exploitation of information from online communities is the widespread concern regarding the quality and credibility of user-contributed content. Prior works in this domain operate on a static snapshot of the community, making strong assumptions about the structure of the da... |
Myerson first introduced graph-restricted games in order to model the interaction of cooperative players with an underlying communication network. A dedicated solution concept -- the Myerson value -- is perhaps the most important normative solution concept for cooperative games on graphs. |
Influence maximization is the problem of finding a set of influential users in a social network such that the expected spread of influence under a certain propagation model is maximized. Much of the previous work has neglected the important distinction between social influence and actual product adoption. |
Higher-order network analysis uses the ideas of hypergraphs, simplicial complexes, multilinear and tensor algebra, and more, to study complex systems. These are by now well established mathematical abstractions. |
This study proposes content and interaction analysis techniques for a large repository created from social media content. Though we have presented our study for a large platform dedicated to discussions around financial topics, the proposed methods are generic and applicable to all platforms. |
Drawing on the theories of knowledge recombination, we aim to unpack the essential tension between tradition and innovation in scientific research. Using the American Physical Society data and computational methods, we analyze the impact of knowledge spanning on both citation counts and disruptive innovation. |
In recent years, the phenomenon of online misinformation and junk news circulating on social media has come to constitute an important and widespread problem affecting public life online across the globe, particularly around important political events such as elections. At the same time, there have been calls for more... |
This paper studies how a centralized planner can modify the structure of a social or information network to reduce polarization. First, polarization is found to be highly dependent on degree and structural properties of the network -- including the well-known isoperimetric number (i.e., Cheeger constant). |
Diffusion processes in a social system are governed by external triggers and internal excitations via interactions between individuals over social networks. Underlying mechanisms are crucial to understand emergent phenomena in the real world and accordingly establish effective strategies. |
Short form content has permeated into the video creator space over the past few years, led by industry leading products such as TikTok, YouTube Shorts and Instagram Reels. YouTube in particular was previously synonymous with being the main hub for long form video content consumption. |
A network provides powerful means of representing complex relationships between entities by abstracting entities as vertices, and relationships as edges connecting vertices in a graph. Beyond the presence or absence of relationships, a network may contain additional information that can be attributed to the entities a... |
Local neighborhoods play a crucial role in embedding generation in graph-based learning. It is commonly believed that nodes ought to have embeddings that resemble those of their neighbors. |
Online social networks create echo-chambers where people are infrequently exposed to opposing opinions. Even if such exposure occurs, the persuasive effect may be minimal or nonexistent. |
In this paper, we want to study the informative value of negative links in signed complex networks. For this purpose, we extract and analyze a collection of signed networks representing voting sessions of the European Parliament (EP). |
Users increasingly rely on social media feeds for consuming daily information. The items in a feed, such as news, questions, songs, etc., usually result from the complex interplay of a user's social contacts, her interests and her actions on the platform. |
Real-world complex systems exhibit intricate interconnections and dependencies, especially social networks, technological infrastructures, and communication networks. These networks are prone to disconnection due to random failures or external attacks on their components. |
We present a novel distributed algorithm for counting all four-node induced subgraphs in a big graph. These counts, called the $4$-profile, describe a graph's connectivity properties and have found several uses ranging from bioinformatics to spam detection. |
In this paper, we present a novel method for detecting fake and Large Language Model (LLM)-generated profiles in the LinkedIn Online Social Network immediately upon registration and before establishing connections. Early fake profile identification is crucial to maintaining the platform's integrity since it preven... |
Many network analysis tasks in social sciences rely on pre-existing data sources that were created with explicit relations or interactions between entities under consideration. Examples include email logs, friends and followers networks on social media, communication networks, etc. |
We define and discuss the utility of two equivalence graph classes over which a spectral projector-based graph Fourier transform is equivalent: isomorphic equivalence classes and Jordan equivalence classes. Isomorphic equivalence classes show that the transform is equivalent up to a permutation on the node labels. |
We study a social learning model in which agents iteratively update their beliefs about the true state of the world using private signals and the beliefs of other agents in a non-Bayesian manner. Some agents are stubborn, meaning they attempt to convince others of an erroneous true state (modeling fake news). |
Complex systems are often driven by higher-order interactions among multiple units, naturally represented as hypergraphs. Understanding dependency structures within these hypergraphs is crucial for understanding and predicting the behavior of complex systems but is made challenging by their combinatorial complexity an... |
Influential nodes in complex networks are typically defined as those nodes that maximize the asymptotic reach of a spreading process of interest. However, for practical applications such as viral marketing and online information spreading, one is often interested in maximizing the reach of the process in a short amoun... |
Many real networks that are inferred or collected from data are incomplete due to missing edges. Missing edges can be inherent to the dataset (Facebook friend links will never be complete) or the result of sampling (one may only have access to a portion of the data). |
Due to the fact much of today's data can be represented as graphs, there has been a demand for generalizing neural network models for graph data. One recent direction that has shown fruitful results, and therefore growing interest, is the usage of graph convolutional neural networks (GCNs). |
Subteam replacement is defined as finding the optimal candidate set of people who can best function as an unavailable subset of members (i.e., subteam) for certain reasons (e.g., conflicts of interests, employee churn), given a team of people embedded in a social network working on the same task. Prior investigations ... |
Persons who engage in non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI), often conceal their practices which limits the examination and understanding of those who engage in NSSI. The goal of this research is to utilize public online social networks (namely, in LiveJournal, a major blogging network) to observe the NSSI population's ... |
We investigate how well traditional fiction genres like Fantasy, Thriller, and Literature represent readers' preferences. Using user data from Goodreads we construct a book network where two books are strongly linked if the same people tend to read or enjoy them both. |
In this paper, we propose a growing random complex network model, which we call context dependent preferential attachment model (CDPAM), when the preference of a new node to get attached to old nodes is determined by the local and global property of the old nodes. We consider that local and global properties of a node... |
Algorithms for detecting communities in complex networks are generally unsupervised, relying solely on the structure of the network. However, these methods can often fail to uncover meaningful groupings that reflect the underlying communities in the data, particularly when those structures are highly overlapping. |
Complex networks can be typically broken down into groups or modules. Discovering this "community structure" is an important step in studying the large-scale structure of networks. |
The shortest-path, commute time, and diffusion distances on undirected graphs have been widely employed in applications such as dimensionality reduction, link prediction, and trip planning. Increasingly, there is interest in using asymmetric structure of data derived from Markov chains and directed graphs, but few met... |
The unprecedented use of social media through smartphones and other web-enabled mobile devices has enabled the rapid adoption of platforms like Twitter. Event detection has found many applications on the web, including breaking news identification and summarization. |
This study presents a data-driven analysis of COVID-19 discourse on YouTube, examining the sentiment, toxicity, and thematic patterns of video content published between January 2023 and October 2024. The analysis involved applying advanced natural language processing (NLP) techniques: sentiment analysis with VADER, to... |
Traditional network generation models attempt to replicate global structural properties (degree distribution, average distance, clustering coefficient, communities, etc.) through synthetic link formation mechanisms such as triadic closure or preferential attachment. In this work, we study the evolution of a very big c... |
Link prediction aims to infer the link existence between pairs of nodes in networks/graphs. Despite their wide application, the success of traditional link prediction algorithms is hindered by three major challenges -- link sparsity, node attribute noise and dynamic changes -- that are faced by many real-world network... |
Population analyses of functional connectivity have provided a rich understanding of how brain function differs across time, individual, and cognitive task. An important but challenging task in such population analyses is the identification of reliable features that describe the function of the brain, while accounting... |
Identifying influential nodes is crucial in social network analysis. Existing methods often neglect local opinion leader tendencies, resulting in overlapping influence ranges for seed nodes. |
Human navigation has been a topic of interest in spatial cognition from the past few decades. It has been experimentally observed that humans accomplish the task of way-finding a destination in an unknown environment by recognizing landmarks. |
We released over 1 million tweets shared during 2019 and containing links to thousands of news articles published on two classes of Italian outlets: (1) disinformation websites, i.e. outlets which have been repeatedly flagged by journalists and fact-checkers for producing low-credibility content such as false news, hoa... |
In this paper we propose a novel index to quantify and measure the flow of information on macro and micro scales. We discuss the implications of this index for knowledge management fields and also as intellectual capital that can thus be utilized by entrepreneurs. |
The proliferation of information disseminated by public/social media has made decision-making highly challenging due to the wide availability of noisy, uncertain, or unverified information. Although the issue of uncertainty in information has been studied for several decades, little work has investigated how noisy (or... |
Community detection is of great importance for understand-ing graph structure in social networks. The communities in real-world networks are often overlapped, i.e. some nodes may be a member of multiple clusters. |
Measuring centrality in a social network, especially in bipartite mode, poses several challenges such as requirement of full knowledge of the network topology and lack of properly detection of top-k behavioral representative users. In this paper, to overcome the aforementioned challenging issues, we propose an accurat... |
We consider here information spread which propagates with certain probability from nodes just activated to their not yet activated neighbors. Diffusion cascades can be triggered by activation of even a small set of nodes. |
Network structure can affect when and how widely new ideas, products, and behaviors are adopted. In widely-used models of biological contagion, interventions that randomly rewire edges (on average making them "longer") accelerate spread. |
Shortest paths in complex networks play key roles in many applications. Examples include routing packets in a computer network, routing traffic on a transportation network, and inferring semantic distances between concepts on the World Wide Web. |
Centrality measures, quantifying the importance of vertices or edges, play a fundamental role in network analysis. To date, triggered by some positive approximability results, a large body of work has been devoted to studying centrality maximization, where the goal is to maximize the centrality score of a target verte... |
We present a network community-detection technique based on properties that emerge from a nature-inspired system of aligning particles. Initially, each vertex is assigned a random-direction unit vector. |
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), one in four people will be affected by mental disorders at some point in their lives. However, in many parts of the world, patients do not actively seek professional diagnosis because of stigma attached to mental illness, ignorance of mental health and its associated s... |
The purpose of the research is to find a centrality measure that can be used in place of PageRank and to find out the conditions where we can use it in place of PageRank. After analysis and comparison of graphs with a large number of nodes using Spearman's Rank Coefficient Correlation, the conclusion is evident th... |
Over the years, web content has evolved from simple text and static images hosted on a single server to a complex, interactive and multimedia-rich content hosted on different servers. As a result, a modern website during its loading time fetches content not only from its owner's domain but also from a range of thi... |
Measuring research impact is important for ranking publications in academic search engines and for research evaluation. Social media metrics or altmetrics measure the impact of scientific work based on social media activity. |
Attributed network data is becoming increasingly common across fields, as we are often equipped with information about nodes in addition to their pairwise connectivity patterns. This extra information can manifest as a classification, or as a multidimensional vector of features. |
Current applications have produced graphs on the order of hundreds of thousands of nodes and millions of edges. To take advantage of such graphs, one must be able to find patterns, outliers and communities. |
The structural cohesion model is a powerful theoretical conception of cohesion in social groups, but its diffusion in empirical literature has been hampered by operationalization and computational problems. In this paper we start from the classic definition of structural cohesion as the minimum number of actors who ne... |
This paper presents results of a European Big Data Hackathon entry to facilitate data analysis and visualization of patterns in provided and external datasets about European jobs and skills mismatch and labour market in general. The main contributions of this work are: the development of a method to represent the comp... |
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