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Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have advanced multi-modal tasks like image captioning, visual question answering, and reasoning. However, they often generate hallucinated outputs inconsistent with the visual context or prompt, limiting reliability in critical applications like autonomous driving and medical imaging. |
Traffic accidents are a global safety concern, resulting in numerous fatalities each year. A considerable number of these deaths are caused by animal-vehicle collisions (AVCs), which not only endanger human lives but also present serious risks to animal populations. |
Cloud Optical Thickness (COT) is a critical cloud property influencing Earth's climate, weather, and radiation budget. Satellite radiance measurements enable global COT retrieval, but challenges like 3D cloud effects, viewing angles, and atmospheric interference must be addressed to ensure accurate estimation. |
We propose a video story question-answering (QA) architecture, Multimodal Dual Attention Memory (MDAM). The key idea is to use a dual attention mechanism with late fusion. |
Digital images and videos play a very important role in everyday life. Nowadays, people have access the affordable mobile devices equipped with advanced integrated cameras and powerful image processing applications. |
Recent methods for human image completion can reconstruct plausible body shapes but often fail to preserve unique details, such as specific clothing patterns or distinctive accessories, without explicit reference images. Even state-of-the-art reference-based inpainting approaches struggle to accurately capture and int... |
Fashion attribute classification is of great importance to many high-level tasks such as fashion item search, fashion trend analysis, fashion recommendation, etc. The task is challenging due to the extremely imbalanced data distribution, particularly the attributes with only a few positive samples. |
We introduce A-ViT, a method that adaptively adjusts the inference cost of vision transformer (ViT) for images of different complexity. A-ViT achieves this by automatically reducing the number of tokens in vision transformers that are processed in the network as inference proceeds. |
While deeper convolutional networks are needed to achieve maximum accuracy in visual perception tasks, for many inputs shallower networks are sufficient. We exploit this observation by learning to skip convolutional layers on a per-input basis. |
We present a robust deep learning based 6 degrees-of-freedom (DoF) localization system for endoscopic capsule robots. Our system mainly focuses on localization of endoscopic capsule robots inside the GI tract using only visual information captured by a mono camera integrated to the robot. |
As demands for high-quality videos continue to rise, high-resolution and high-dynamic range (HDR) imaging techniques are drawing attention. To generate an HDR video from low dynamic range (LDR) images, one of the critical steps is the motion compensation between LDR frames, for which most existing works employed the o... |
Forest carbon offsets are increasingly popular and can play a significant role in financing climate mitigation, forest conservation, and reforestation. Measuring how much carbon is stored in forests is, however, still largely done via expensive, time-consuming, and sometimes unaccountable field measurements. |
Diminished reality is a technology that aims to remove objects from video images and fills in the missing region with plausible pixels. Most conventional methods utilize the different cameras that capture the same scene from different viewpoints to allow regions to be removed and restored. |
This paper introduces a novel human pose estimation benchmark, Human Pose with Millimeter Wave Radar (HuPR), that includes synchronized vision and radio signal components. This dataset is created using cross-calibrated mmWave radar sensors and a monocular RGB camera for cross-modality training of radar-based human pos... |
We show that it is possible to learn semantic segmentation from very limited amounts of manual annotations, by enforcing geometric 3D constraints between multiple views. More exactly, image locations corresponding to the same physical 3D point should all have the same label. |
Recent deep learning approaches in table detection achieved outstanding performance and proved to be effective in identifying document layouts. Currently, available table detection benchmarks have many limitations, including the lack of samples diversity, simple table structure, the lack of training cases, and samples... |
As the volume of video content online grows exponentially, the demand for moderation of unsafe videos has surpassed human capabilities, posing both operational and mental health challenges. While recent studies demonstrated the merits of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) in various video understanding tasks, th... |
There is a proliferation in the number of satellites launched each year, resulting in downlinking of terabytes of data each day. The data received by ground stations is often unprocessed, making this an expensive process considering the large data sizes and that not all of the data is useful. |
Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) are commonly designed for closed set arrangements, where test instances only belong to some "Known Known" (KK) classes used in training. As such, they predict a class label for a test sample based on the distribution of the KK classes. |
The use of 3D cameras for gait analysis has been highly questioned due to the low accuracy they have demonstrated in the past. The objective of the study presented in this paper is to improve the accuracy of the estimations made by robot-mounted 3D cameras in human gait analysis by applying a supervised learning stage... |
In this preliminary work we attempt to apply submanifold sparse convolution to the task of 3D person detection. In particular, we present Person-MinkUNet, a single-stage 3D person detection network based on Minkowski Engine with U-Net architecture. |
Diffusion models excel in image generation but are computational and resource-intensive due to their reliance on iterative Markov chain processes, leading to error accumulation and limiting the effectiveness of naive compression techniques. In this paper, we propose PQCAD-DM, a novel hybrid compression framework combi... |
Vision Transformers have shown great performance in single tasks such as classification and segmentation. However, real-world problems are not isolated, which calls for vision transformers that can perform multiple tasks concurrently. |
Automated Parking is becoming a standard feature in modern vehicles. Existing parking systems build a local map to be able to plan for maneuvering towards a detected slot. |
Brain imaging has allowed neuroscientists to analyze brain morphology in genetic and neurodevelopmental disorders, such as Down syndrome, pinpointing regions of interest to unravel the neuroanatomical underpinnings of cognitive impairment and memory deficits. However, the connections between brain anatomy, cognitive p... |
This paper presents a CLIP-based unsupervised learning method for annotation-free multi-label image classification, including three stages: initialization, training, and inference. At the initialization stage, we take full advantage of the powerful CLIP model and propose a novel approach to extend CLIP for multi-label... |
There is a great need for accurate and autonomous spectral classification methods in astrophysics. This thesis is about training a convolutional neural network (ConvNet) to recognize an object class (quasar, star or galaxy) from one-dimension spectra only. |
In this work, we explore a new problem of frame interpolation for speech videos. Such content today forms the major form of online communication. |
There are several effective methods in explaining the inner workings of convolutional neural networks (CNNs). However, in general, finding the inverse of the function performed by CNNs as a whole is an ill-posed problem. |
Understanding human intentions is key to enabling effective and efficient human-robot interaction (HRI) in collaborative settings. To enable developments and evaluation of the ability of artificial intelligence (AI) systems to infer human beliefs, we introduce a large-scale multi-modal video dataset for intent predict... |
We propose an adaptive sampling framework for 3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS) that leverages comprehensive multi-view photometric error signals within a unified Metropolis-Hastings approach. Traditional 3DGS methods heavily rely on heuristic-based density-control mechanisms (e.g., cloning, splitting, and pruning), which ... |
Gait recognition is a biometric technology that recognizes the identity of humans through their walking patterns. Existing appearance-based methods utilize CNN or Transformer to extract spatial and temporal features from silhouettes, while model-based methods employ GCN to focus on the special topological structure of... |
Chinese License Plate Recognition (CLPR) faces numerous challenges in unconstrained and complex environments, particularly due to perspective distortions caused by various shooting angles and the correction of single-line and double-line license plates. Considering the limited computational resources of edge devices, ... |
Video prediction (VP) generates future frames by leveraging spatial representations and temporal context from past frames. Traditional recurrent neural network (RNN)-based models enhance memory cell structures to capture spatiotemporal states over extended durations but suffer from gradual loss of object appearance de... |
Abnormal Human Behavior Detection (AHBD) under special scenarios is becoming increasingly crucial. While YOLO-based detection methods excel in real-time tasks, they remain hindered by challenges including small objects, task conflicts, and multi-scale fusion in AHBD. |
Pathology images are considered the ``gold standard" for cancer diagnosis and treatment, with gigapixel images providing extensive tissue and cellular information. Existing methods fail to simultaneously extract global structural and local detail features for comprehensive pathology image analysis efficiently. |
In this work, we broadly connect kernel-based filtering (e.g. approaches such as the bilateral filters and nonlocal means, but also many more) with general variational formulations of Bayesian regularized least squares, and the related concept of proximal operators. The latter set of variational/Bayesian/proximal form... |
Annotating 3D data remains a costly bottleneck for 3D object detection, motivating the development of weakly supervised annotation methods that rely on more accessible 2D box annotations. However, relying solely on 2D boxes introduces projection ambiguities since a single 2D box can correspond to multiple valid 3D pos... |
Recently, SpineNet has demonstrated promising results on object detection and image classification over ResNet model. However, it is unclear if the improvement adds up when combining scale-permuted backbone with advanced efficient operations and compound scaling. |
Matching surfaces is a challenging 3D Computer Vision problem typically addressed by local features. Although a variety of 3D feature detectors and descriptors has been proposed in literature, they have seldom been proposed together and it is yet not clear how to identify the most effective detector-descriptor pair fo... |
This paper deals with enhancement of images with poor contrast and detection of background. Proposes a frame work which is used to detect the background in images characterized by poor contrast. |
A Semi-supervised Segmentation Fusion algorithm is proposed using consensus and distributed learning. The aim of Unsupervised Segmentation Fusion (USF) is to achieve a consensus among different segmentation outputs obtained from different segmentation algorithms by computing an approximate solution to the NP problem w... |
In this paper, we propose a fully automatic system for generating comic books from videos without any human intervention. Given an input video along with its subtitles, our approach first extracts informative keyframes by analyzing the subtitles, and stylizes keyframes into comic-style images. |
Fusion of LiDAR and RGB data has the potential to enhance outdoor 3D object detection accuracy. To address real-world challenges in outdoor 3D object detection, fusion of LiDAR and RGB input has started gaining traction. |
While recent advances in deep learning (DL) for surgical scene segmentation have yielded promising results on single-center and single-imaging modality data, these methods usually do not generalize well to unseen distributions or modalities. Even though human experts can identify visual appearances, DL methods often f... |
Diffusion models in image Super-Resolution (SR) treat all image regions uniformly, which risks compromising the overall image quality by potentially introducing artifacts during denoising of less-complex regions. To address this, we propose ``You Only Diffuse Areas'' (YODA), a dynamic attention-guided diffusio... |
Large generative diffusion models have revolutionized text-to-image generation and offer immense potential for conditional generation tasks such as image enhancement, restoration, editing, and compositing. However, their widespread adoption is hindered by the high computational cost, which limits their real-time appli... |
In recent years, it has become popular to tackle image restoration tasks with a single pretrained diffusion model (DM) and data-fidelity guidance, instead of training a dedicated deep neural network per task. However, such "zero-shot" restoration schemes currently require many Neural Function Evaluations (NFEs... |
In the spectrum of vision-based autonomous driving, vanilla end-to-end models are not interpretable and suboptimal in performance, while mediated perception models require additional intermediate representations such as segmentation masks or detection bounding boxes, whose annotation can be prohibitively expensive as w... |
In recent years, machine learning algorithms have achieved much success in segmenting lesions across various tissues. There is, however, not one satisfying model that works well on all tissue types universally. |
Recent sparse multi-view scene reconstruction advances like DUSt3R and MASt3R no longer require camera calibration and camera pose estimation. However, they only process a pair of views at a time to infer pixel-aligned pointmaps. |
Recognizing objects in low-resolution images is a challenging task due to the lack of informative details. Recent studies have shown that knowledge distillation approaches can effectively transfer knowledge from a high-resolution teacher model to a low-resolution student model by aligning cross-resolution representati... |
Clothes-changing person re-identification (CC-ReID) aims to recognize individuals under different clothing scenarios. Current CC-ReID approaches either concentrate on modeling body shape using additional modalities including silhouette, pose, and body mesh, potentially causing the model to overlook other critical biom... |
Aiming at highly accurate object detection for connected and automated vehicles (CAVs), this paper presents a Deep Neural Network based 3D object detection model that leverages a three-stage feature extractor by developing a novel LIDAR-Camera fusion scheme. The proposed feature extractor extracts high-level features ... |
Widely used traditional supervised deep learning methods require a large number of training samples but often fail to generalize on unseen datasets. Therefore, a more general application of any trained model is quite limited for medical imaging for clinical practice. |
Existing methods for object detection in UAV images ignored an important challenge - imbalanced class distribution in UAV images - which leads to poor performance on tail classes. We systematically investigate existing solutions to long-tail problems and unveil that re-balancing methods that are effective on natural i... |
Reducing redundancy is crucial for improving the efficiency of video recognition models. An effective approach is to select informative content from the holistic video, yielding a popular family of dynamic video recognition methods. |
Though recent studies have made significant progress in morph attack detection by virtue of deep neural networks, they often fail to generalize well to unseen morph attacks. With numerous morph attacks emerging frequently, generalizable morph attack detection has gained significant attention. |
Referring segmentation aims to generate a segmentation mask for the target instance indicated by a natural language expression. There are typically two kinds of existing methods: one-stage methods that directly perform segmentation on the fused vision and language features; and two-stage methods that first utilize an ... |
Immunohistochemical (IHC) biomarker prediction benefits from multi-modal data fusion analysis. However, the simultaneous acquisition of multi-modal data, such as genomic and pathological information, is often challenging due to cost or technical limitations. |
Adversarial camouflage is a widely used physical attack against vehicle detectors for its superiority in multi-view attack performance. One promising approach involves using differentiable neural renderers to facilitate adversarial camouflage optimization through gradient back-propagation. |
Several recent approaches showed how the representations learned by Convolutional Neural Networks can be repurposed for novel tasks. Most commonly it has been shown that the activation features of the last fully connected layers (fc7 or fc6) of the network, followed by a linear classifier outperform the state-of-the-a... |
This paper presents an approach for grounding phrases in images which jointly learns multiple text-conditioned embeddings in a single end-to-end model. In order to differentiate text phrases into semantically distinct subspaces, we propose a concept weight branch that automatically assigns phrases to embeddings, where... |
Accurate estimation of anthropometric body measurements from RGB images has many potential applications in industrial design, online clothing, medical diagnosis and ergonomics. Research on this topic is limited by the fact that there exist only generated datasets which are based on fitting a 3D body mesh to 3D body sc... |
Vision Foundation Models (VFMs) pretrained on massive datasets exhibit impressive performance on various downstream tasks, especially with limited labeled target data. However, due to their high inference compute cost, these models cannot be deployed for many real-world applications. |
Generative AI has become pervasive in society, witnessing significant advancements in various domains. Particularly in the realm of Text-to-Image (TTI) models, Latent Diffusion Models (LDMs), showcase remarkable capabilities in generating visual content based on textual prompts. |
Learning to estimate 3D geometry in a single frame and optical flow from consecutive frames by watching unlabeled videos via deep convolutional network has made significant progress recently. Current state-of-the-art (SoTA) methods treat the two tasks independently. |
During the training of networks for distance metric learning, minimizers of the typical loss functions can be considered as "feasible points" satisfying a set of constraints imposed by the training data. To this end, we reformulate distance metric learning problem as finding a feasible point of a constraint se... |
This paper deals with the problem of 3D tracking, i.e., to find dense correspondences in a sequence of time-varying 3D shapes. Despite deep learning approaches have achieved promising performance for pairwise dense 3D shapes matching, it is a great challenge to generalize those approaches for the tracking of 3D time-v... |
Three-dimensional reconstruction of objects from shading information is a challenging task in computer vision. As most of the approaches facing the Photometric Stereo problem use simplified far-field assumptions, real-world scenarios have essentially more complex physical effects that need to be handled for accurately... |
We present Lepard, a Learning based approach for partial point cloud matching in rigid and deformable scenes. The key characteristics are the following techniques that exploit 3D positional knowledge for point cloud matching: |
Many studies focus on improving pretraining or developing new backbones in text-video retrieval. However, existing methods may suffer from the learning and inference bias issue, as recent research suggests in other text-video-related tasks. |
Vision language models (VLMs) have recently emerged and gained the spotlight for their ability to comprehend the dual modality of image and textual data. VLMs such as LLaVA, ChatGPT-4, and Gemini have recently shown impressive performance on tasks such as natural image captioning, visual question answering (VQA), and ... |
Distribution shifts are characterized by differences between the training and test data distributions. They can significantly reduce the accuracy of machine learning models deployed in real-world scenarios. |
The ability to perform pixel-wise semantic segmentation in real-time is of paramount importance in mobile applications. Recent deep neural networks aimed at this task have the disadvantage of requiring a large number of floating point operations and have long run-times that hinder their usability. |
The development of continual learning (CL) methods, which aim to learn new tasks in a sequential manner from the training data acquired continuously, has gained great attention in remote sensing (RS). The existing CL methods in RS, while learning new tasks, enhance robustness towards catastrophic forgetting. |
This article presents a new distance for measuring shape dissimilarity between objects. Recent publications introduced the use of eigenvalues of the Laplace operator as compact shape descriptors. |
Face morphing attack detection is emerging as an increasingly challenging problem owing to advancements in high-quality and realistic morphing attack generation. Reliable detection of morphing attacks is essential because these attacks are targeted for border control applications. |
Recent advances in CoT reasoning and RL post-training have been reported to enhance video reasoning capabilities of MLLMs. This progress naturally raises a question: can these models perform complex video reasoning in a manner comparable to human experts? |
Unsupervised domain adaptation (UDA) methods can dramatically improve generalization on unlabeled target domains. However, optimal hyper-parameter selection is critical to achieving high accuracy and avoiding negative transfer. |
Existing audio-driven facial animation methods face critical challenges, including expression leakage, ineffective subtle expression transfer, and imprecise audio-driven synchronization. We discovered that these issues stem from limitations in motion representation and the lack of fine-grained control over facial expr... |
Recent advances in zero-shot and few-shot classification heavily rely on the success of pre-trained vision-language models (VLMs) such as CLIP. Due to a shortage of large-scale datasets, training such models for event camera data remains infeasible. |
Efficiently implementing remote sensing image classification with high spatial resolution imagery can provide a significant value in Land Use and Land Cover (LULC) classification. The new advances in remote sensing and deep learning technologies have facilitated the extraction of spatiotemporal information for LULC cl... |
Learning-based methods especially with convolutional neural networks (CNN) are continuously showing superior performance in computer vision applications, ranging from image classification to restoration. For image classification, most existing works focus on very clean images such as images in Caltech-256 and ImageNet... |
PointPillars is the fastest 3D object detector that exploits pseudo image representations to encode features for 3D objects in a scene. Albeit efficient, PointPillars is typically outperformed by state-of-the-art 3D detection methods due to the following limitations: |
We present a strong object detector with encoder-decoder pretraining and finetuning. Our method, called Group DETR v2, is built upon a vision transformer encoder ViT-Huge~\cite{dosovitskiy2020image}, a DETR variant DINO~\cite{zhang2022dino}, and an efficient DETR training method Group DETR~\cite{chen2022group}. |
Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have shown significant potential in medical image analysis. However, their capabilities in interpreting fundus images, a critical skill for ophthalmology, remain under-evaluated. |
Medical Visual Question Answering (Med-VQA) systems benefit the interpretation of medical images containing critical clinical information. However, the challenge of noisy labels and limited high-quality datasets remains underexplored. |
Algorithmic detection of facial palsy offers the potential to improve current practices, which usually involve labor-intensive and subjective assessments by clinicians. In this paper, we present a multimodal fusion-based deep learning model that utilizes an MLP mixer-based model to process unstructured data (i.e. RGB ... |
Over the last years, many face analysis tasks have accomplished astounding performance, with applications including face generation and 3D face reconstruction from a single "in-the-wild" image. Nevertheless, to the best of our knowledge, there is no method which can produce render-ready high-resolution 3D face... |
3D single object tracking with point clouds is a critical task in 3D computer vision. Previous methods usually input the last two frames and use the predicted box to get the template point cloud in previous frame and the search area point cloud in the current frame respectively, then use similarity-based or motion-bas... |
We propose Deep Companion Learning (DCL), a novel training method for Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) that enhances generalization by penalizing inconsistent model predictions compared to its historical performance. To achieve this, we train a deep-companion model (DCM), by using previous versions of the model to provide ... |
We introduce ProPanDL, a family of networks capable of uncertainty-aware panoptic segmentation. Unlike existing segmentation methods, ProPanDL is capable of estimating full probability distributions for both the semantic and spatial aspects of panoptic segmentation. |
For most hyperspectral remote sensing applications, removing bad bands, such as water absorption bands, is a required preprocessing step. Currently, the commonly applied method is by visual inspection, which is very time-consuming and it is easy to overlook some noisy bands. |
Feature upsampling is a key operation in a number of modern convolutional network architectures, e.g. feature pyramids. Its design is critical for dense prediction tasks such as object detection and semantic/instance segmentation. |
Drug Mechanism of Action (MoA) mainly investigates how drug molecules interact with cells, which is crucial for drug discovery and clinical application. Recently, deep learning models have been used to recognize MoA by relying on high-content and fluorescence images of cells exposed to various drugs. |
We propose to adapt segmentation networks with a constrained formulation, which embeds domain-invariant prior knowledge about the segmentation regions. Such knowledge may take the form of simple anatomical information, e.g., structure size or shape, estimated from source samples or known a priori. |
Object detection and tracking is a key task in autonomy. Specifically, 3D object detection and tracking have been an emerging hot topic recently. |
Classifiers with rejection are essential in real-world applications where misclassifications and their effects are critical. However, if no problem specific cost function is defined, there are no established measures to assess the performance of such classifiers. |
Self-organizing neural networks are used for brick finding in OPERA experiment. Self-organizing neural networks and wavelet analysis used for recognition and extraction of car numbers from images. |
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