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In this paper we show that all totally real superconformal minimal tori in $CP^2$ correspond with doubly-periodic finite gap solutions of the Tzitzeica equation <br>$$\omega_{z{\overline z}}=e^{-2\omega}-e^{\omega}$$ <br>Using the results on the Tzitzeica equation in integrable system theory, we describe explicitly all...
We prove the existence of Alexandrov embedded closed magnetic geodesics on closed hyperbolic surfaces. Closed magnetic geodesics correspond to closed curves with prescribed geodesic curvature.
We generalise the classical Chern-Gauss-Bonnet formula to a class of 4-dimensional manifolds with finitely many conformally flat ends and singular points. This extends results of Chang-Qing-Yang in the smooth case.
In 1981, Sacks and Uhlenbeck introduced their famous $\alpha$-energy as a way to approximate the Dirichlet energy and produce harmonic maps from surfaces into Riemannian manifolds. However, the second and third authors together with Malchiodi ([11],[12]) showed that for maps between two-spheres this method does not ca...
Using Legendrian immersions and, in particular, Legendre curves in odd dimensional spheres and anti De Sitter spaces, we provide a method of construction of new examples of Hamiltonian-minimal Lagrangian submanifolds in complex projective and hyperbolic spaces, including explicit one parameter families of embeddings of...
We investigate a mean curvature flow obtained via elliptic regularization, and prove that it is not only a Brakke flow, but additionally a generalized BV flow proposed by Stuvard and Tonegawa. In particular, we show that the change in volume of the evolving phase can be expressed in terms of the generalized mean curva...
We discuss hypercomplex and hyperkähler structures obtained from higher degree curves in complex spaces fibring over ${\mathbb{P}}^1$.
We prove a Weyl Law for the phase transition spectrum based on the techniques of Liokumovich-Marques-Neves. As an application we give phase transition adaptations of the proofs of the density and equidistribution of minimal hypersufaces for generic metrics by Irie-Marques-Neves and Marques-Neves-Song, respectively.
In this paper we prove that all manifolds with affine connection are globally projectively equivalent to some space with equiaffine connection (equiaffine manifold). These manifolds are characterised by a symmetric Ricci tensor.
Here, a natural extension of Sobolev spaces is defined for a Finsler structure $F$ and it is shown that the set of all real $C^{\infty}$ functions with compact support on a forward geodesically complete Finsler manifold $(M, F)$, is dense in the extended Sobolev space $H_1^p (M)$. As a consequence, the weak solutions ...
In this paper we present a method by which is obtained a sequence of $k$-semisprays and two sequences of nonlinear connections on the $k$-tangent bundle $T^kM$, starting from a given one. Interesting particular cases appear for Lagrange and Finsler spaces of order $k$.
We clarify the relationship between the null geodesic completeness of an Einstein Lorentz manifold and its conformal Kobayashi pseudodistance. We show that an Einstein manifold has at least one incomplete null geodesic if its pseudodistancfe is nontrivial.
We give a notion of compatibility between a Riemannian metric and a Jacobi structure. We prove that in case of Poisson structures, contact structures and locally conformally symplectic structures, fundamental examples of Jacobi structures, we get respectively Riemann-Poisson structures in the sense of M. Boucetta, $\f...
This paper aims to study the $(m,\rho)$-quasi Einstein manifold. This article shows that a complete and connected Riemannian manifold under certain conditions becomes compact.
Any $6$-dimensional strict nearly Kähler manifold is Einstein with positive scalar curvature. We compute the coindex of the metric with respect to the Einstein-Hilbert functional on each of the compact homogeneous examples.
The concept of a C-class of differential equations goes back to E. Cartan with the upshot that generic equations in a C-class can be solved without integration. While Cartan's definition was in terms of differential invariants being first integrals, all results exhibiting C-classes that we are aware of are based o...
In this paper, we investigate critical maps of the horizontal energy functional $E_{H,\widetilde{H}}(f)$ for maps between two pseudo-Hermitian manifolds $(M^{2m+1},H(M),J,\theta )$ and $(N^{2n+1},\widetilde{H}(N), \widetilde{J},\widetilde{\theta})$. These critical maps are referred to as $(H,\widetilde{H})$-harmonic m...
It is well known that the category of Frolicher spaces and smooth mappings is Cartesian closed. The principal objective in this paper is to show that the full subcategory of Frolicher spaces that believe in fantasy that every Weil functor is really an exponentiation by the corresponding infinitesimal object is also Ca...
We give characterizations of affine transformations and affine vector fields in terms of the spray. By utilizing the Jacobi type equation that characterizes affine vector fields, we prove some rigidity theorems of affine vector fields on compact or forward complete non-compact Finsler manifolds with non-positive total...
We discover a "no semistability at infinity" phenomenon for complete Calabi-Yau metrics asymptotic to cones, by eliminating the possible appearance of an intermediate K-semistable cone in the 2-step degeneration theory developed by Donaldson and the first author. It is in sharp contrast to the setting of local...
This is the sequel to the author's previous paper which gives an extension of Taubes' "SW=Gr" theorem to non-symplectic 4-manifolds. The main result of this paper asserts the following.
In this paper we develop a global correspondence between immersed horospherically convex hypersurfaces in hyperbolic space and complete conformal metrics on domains in the sphere. We establish results on when the hyperbolic Gauss map is injective and when an immersed horospherically convex hypersurface can be unfolded...
Several uniqueness results on compact maximal hypersurfaces in a wide class of sta- bly causal spacetimes are given. They are obtained from the study of a distinguished function on the maximal hypersurface, under suitable natural first order conditions of the spacetime.
In this paper, we study global properties of continuous plurisubharmonic functions on complete noncompact Kähler manifolds with nonnegative bisectional curvature and their applications to the structure of such manifolds. We prove that continuous plurisubharmonic functions with reasonable growth rate on such manifolds ...
The purpose of this paper is to investigate applications the covariant derivatives, killing vector fields and to calculate the components of the curvature tensor CGR of the Cheeger-Gromoll metric with respect to adapted frames in a the Riemannian manifold to its tangent bundle T(Mn)
We give an analog of triangle comparison for Kaehler manifolds with a lower bound on the holomorphic bisectional curvature. We show that the condition passes to noncollapsed Gromov-Hausdorff limits.
In this paper, we study the rigidity problem for compact minimal Legendrian submanifolds in the unit Euclidean spheres via eigenvalues of fundamental matrices, which measure the squared norms of the second fundamental form on all normal directions. By using Lu's inequality on the upper bound of the squared norm of...
We show that a Riemannian $3$-manifold with non-negative scalar curvature is flat if it contains an area-minimizing cylinder. This scalar-curvature analogue of the classical splitting theorem of J.
We study geometric properties of the Lagrangian self-shrinking tori in $\mathbb R^4$. When the area is bounded above uniformly, we prove that the entropy for the Lagrangian self-shrinking tori can only take finitely many values; this is done by deriving a Łojasiewicz-Simon type gradient inequality for the branched con...
An expression is found for the $L^2$-index of a Dirac operator coupled to a connection on a $U_n$ vector bundle over $S^1\times{\mathbb R}^3$. Boundary conditions for the connection are given which ensure the coupled Dirac operator is Fredholm.
We construct $O(1)\times O(n)$-invariant ancient ``pancake'' solutions to a large and natural class of fully nonlinear curvature flows. We then establish that these are the unique $O(n)$-invariant ancient solutions to the corresponding flow which sweep out a slab by carrying out a fine asymptotic analysis for ...
This paper gives an example of special Lagrangian manifold obtained from a hypersurface of a complex Grassmannian with vanishing first Chern class. The obtained manifold is a 1-torus bundle over the two dimensional real projective space.
We classify real Poisson structures on complex toric manifolds of type $(1,1)$ and initiate an investigation of their Poisson cohomology. For smooth toric varieties, such structures are necessarily algebraic and are homogeneous quadratic in each of the distinguished holomorphic coordinate charts determined by the open...
In the present paper, we study the existence of Brakke-type weak mean curvature flow satisfying the contact angle condition for general angle $ \theta \in ( 0 , \pi ) $ via Ilmanen's regularization. The main ingredients of the result are the establishment of a compactness theorem for varifolds with the contact ang...
We prove an optimal systolic inequality for nonpositively curved Dyck's surfaces. The extremal surface is flat with eight conical singularities, six of angle theta and two of angle 9pi - theta, for a suitable theta with cos(theta) in Q(sqrt{19}).
In this paper we give a spinorial representation of submanifolds of any dimension and codimension into Lie groups equipped with left invariant metrics. As applications, we get a spinorial proof of the Fundamental Theorem for submanifolds into Lie groups, we recover previously known representations of submanifolds in $...
We study a differential geometric construction, the warped product, on the background geometry for information theory. Divergences, dual structures and symmetric 3-tensor are studied under this construction, and we show that warped product of manifolds endow with such structure also is endowed with the same geometric ...
Let $X$ be a compact polyhedral surface (a compact Riemann surface with flat conformal metric $\mathfrak{T}$ having conical singularities). The zeta-function $\zeta_\Delta(s)$ of the Friedrichs Laplacian on $X$ is meromorphic in ${\mathbb C}$ with only (simple) pole at $s=1$.
We consider a family of 2-step nilpotent Lie algebras associated to uniform complete graphs on odd number of vertices. We prove that the symmetry group of such a graph is the holomorph of the additive cyclic group $\Z_n$.
A symplectic groupoid $G. :=(G_1 \rightrightarrows G_0)$ determines a Poisson structure on $G_0$.
We study hyperpolar actions on reducible symmetric spaces of the compact type. Our main result is that an indecomposable hyperpolar action on a symmetric space of the compact type is orbit equivalent to a Hermann action or of cohomogeneity one.
We prove that M. Kramer's classification of list of spherical pairs coincides with that for weakly symmetric spaces by examining the linear isotropy representation of the corresponding homogeneous space associated to each pair.
In this paper, an equality between the Hochs-Mathai type index and the Atiyah-Patodi-Singer type index is established when the manifold and the group action are both non-compact, which generalizes a result of Ma and Zhang for compact group actions. As a technical preparation, a problem concerning the Fredholm property...
Static vacuum near horizon geometries are solutions $(M,g,X)$ of a certain quasi-Einstein equation on a closed manifold $M$, where $g$ is a Riemannian metric and $X$ is a closed 1-form. It is known that when the cosmological constant vanishes, there is rigidity: $X$ vanishes and consequently $g$ is Ricci flat.
We prove existence and uniqueness of foliations by stable spheres with constant mean curvature for 3-manifolds which are asymptotic to Anti-de Sitter-Schwarzschild metrics with positive mass. These metrics arise naturally as spacelike timeslices for solutions of the Einstein equation with a negative cosmological const...
We propose a generalization of the Hodge $dd_c$-lemma to the case of hyperkähler manifolds. As an application of this result we derive the global construction of the fourth order transgression of the Chern character forms of hyperholomorphic bundles over compact hyperkähler manifolds.
In this paper, we give an explicit formula for the Futaki invariants of complete intersections. The result is new in the case where the variety is smooth or has orbifold singularities.
In image analysis one often encounters spherical images, for instance in retinal imaging. The behavior of the vessels in the retina is an indicator of several diseases.
In this work, we study and solve the normalized Ricci flow equation for circle bundles over surfaces. Moreover, we study the asymptotic behavior of the solutions and their connections to some model geometries.
It was shown by Ramanathan \cite{R} that any compact oriented non-simply-connected minimal surface in the three-dimensional round sphere admits at most a finite set of pairwise noncongruent minimal isometric immersions. Here we show that this result extends to isotropic surfaces in spheres of arbitrary dimension.
It is classically known that the only zero mean curvature entire graphs in the Euclidean 3-space are planes, by Bernstein's theorem. A surface in Lorentz-Minkowski 3-space $\boldsymbol{R}^3_1$ is called of mixed type if it changes causal type from space-like to time-like.
According to the Weinstein splitting theorem, any Poisson manifold is locally, near any given point, a product of a symplectic manifold with another Poisson manifold whose Poisson structure vanishes at the point. Similar splitting results are known e.g. for Lie algebroids, Dirac structures and generalized complex stru...
Minimal surfaces are ubiquitous in nature. Here they are considered as geometric objects that bear a deformation content.
In this paper we have generalized the notion of $\lambda$-radial contraction in complete Riemannian manifold and developed the concept of $p^\lambda$-convex function. We have also given a counter example proving the fact that in general $\lambda$-radial contraction of a geodesic is not necessarily a geodesic.
We prove a Bakry-Émery generalization of a theorem of Petersen and Wilhelm, itself a generalization of a theorem of Frankel, that closed minimal hypersurfaces in a complete manifold with a suitable curvature bound must intersect. We then prove splitting theorems of Croke-Kleiner type for manifolds bounded by hypersurf...
The purpose of this article is to investigate the relationship between suborbifolds and orbifold embeddings. In particular, we give natural definitions of the notion of suborbifold and orbifold embedding and provide many examples.
Let $P$ be a convex body containing the origin in its interior. We study a real Monge-Ampère equation with singularities along $\del P$ which is Legendre dual to a certain free boundary Monge-Ampère equation.
We extend the Novikov Morse-type inequalities for closed 1-forms in 2 directions. First, we consider manifolds with boundary.
We consider Mabuchi rays of toric Kähler structures on symplectic toric manifolds which are associated to toric test configurations and that are generated by convex functions on themoment polytope, $P$, whose second derivative has support given by a compact subset $K<P$. Associated to the test configuration there i...
In this work we consider a question in the calculus of variations motivated by riemannian geometry, the isoperimetric problem. We show that solutions to the isoperimetric problem, close in the flat norm to a smooth submanifold, are themselves smooth and $C^{2,\alpha}$-close to the given sub manifold.
In recent years, there are many progress made in Kähler geometry. In particular, the topics related to the problems of the existence and uniqueness of extremal Kähler metrics, as well as obstructions to the existence of such metrics in general Kähler manifold.
We prove that no nilpotent Lie algebra admits an invariant generalized Kaehler structure. This is done by showing that a certain differential graded algebra associated to a generalized complex manifold is formal in the generalized Kaehler case, while it is never formal for a generalized complex structure on a nilpoten...
We study singularity formation of Kähler-Ricci flow on a Kähler manifold that admits a horizontally homothetic conformal submersion into another Kähler manifold. We will derive necessary and sufficient conditions for the preservation of horizontally homothetic conformal submersion along the flow and establish the form...
We show that, in quaternionic geometry, the Ward transform is a manifestation of the functoriality of the basic correspondence between the $\rho$-quaternionic manifolds and their twistor spaces. We apply this fact, together with the Penrose transform, to obtain existence results for hypercomplex manifolds and for harm...
We introduce a class of potential submanifolds in pseudo-Euclidean spaces (each N-dimensional potential submanifold is a special flat torsionless submanifold in a 2N-dimensional pseudo-Euclidean space) and prove that each N-dimensional Frobenius manifold can be locally represented as an N-dimensional potential submanif...
In the elastic shape analysis approach to shape matching and object classification, plane curves are represented as points in an infinite-dimensional Riemannian manifold, wherein shape dissimilarity is measured by geodesic distance. A remarkable result of Younes, Michor, Shah and Mumford says that the space of closed ...
We study the evolution of complete non-compact convex hypersurfaces in $\mathbb{R}^{n+1}$ by the inverse mean curvature flow. We establish the long time existence of solutions and provide the characterization of the maximal time of existence in terms of the tangent cone at infinity of the initial hypersurface.
In a recent paper the authors classified differentiable structures on the non-Hausdorff one-dimensional manifold $\mathbb{L}$ called the line with two origins which is obtained by gluing two copies of the real line $\mathbb{R}$ via the identity homeomorphism of $\mathbb{R}\setminus 0$. <br>Here we give a classificatio...
For a Riemann surface $X$ and the moduli of regularly stable $G$-bundles $M$, there is a naturally occuring "$adjoint$" vector bundle over $X \times M$. One can take the determinant of this vector bundle with respect to the projection map onto $M$.
We study metrics with positive scalar curvatures in domains with corners and suggest possible extensions of the concept of positive scalar curvature to singular spaces.
It is known that minimal surfaces in Euclidean space can be represented in terms of holomorphic functions. For example, we have the well-known Weierstrass representation, where part of the holomorphic data is chosen to be the stereographic projection of the normal of the corresponding surface, and also the Björling re...
Min-Oo's Conjecture is a positive curvature version of the positive mass theorem. Brendle, Marques, and Neves produced a perturbative counterexample to this conjecture.
We present a review of bundle gerbes, emphasizing their relations to Lie groups. Indeed, compact Lie groups do not only carry the structure of a Riemannian manifold, but also canonical families of bundle gerbes.
We present new examples of affine Calabi--Yau manifolds of Euclidean volume growth and quadratic curvature decay, whose tangent cones at infinity are irregular and have smooth links. In the process, we demonstrate (and provide the relevant computer code) how to explicitly compute the Reeb field and all Minkowski decomp...
We prove an extension of a theorem of <a href="http://A.Ros" rel="external noopener nofollow" class="link-external link-http">this http URL</a> on a characterization of seven compact Kaehler submanifolds by holomorphic pinching to certain submanifolds of the complex Grassmannian manifolds.
Let $D$ be a Riemannian 2-disc of area $A$, diameter $d$ and length of the boundary $L$. We prove that it is possible to contract the boundary of $D$ through curves of length $\leq L + 200d\max\{1,\ln {\sqrt{A}\over d} \}$.
The group $\text{Diff}(\mathcal{M})$ of diffeomorphisms of a closed manifold $\mathcal{M}$ is naturally equipped with various right-invariant Sobolev norms $W^{s,p}$. Recent work showed that for sufficiently weak norms, the geodesic distance collapses completely (namely, when $sp\le \text{dim}\mathcal{M}$ and $s<1$...
We study minimal harmonic maps $g: {\mathbb{C}} \to SO(3) \backslash SL(3,{\mathbb{R}})$, parameterized by polynomial cubic differentials $P$ in the plane. The asymptotic structure of such a $g$ is determined by a convex polygon $Y(P)$ in ${\mathbb{RP}^2}$.
We show that any closed hyperbolic 3-manifold M admits a Riemannian metric with scalar curvature at least -6, but with volume entropy strictly larger than 2. In particular, this construction gives counterexamples to a conjecture of I. Agol, P. Storm and W. Thurston.
There is a well known one--parameter family of left invariant CR structures on $SU(2)\cong S^3$. We show how purely algebraic methods can be used to explicitly compute the canonical Cartan connections associated to these structures and their curvatures.
We give a short proof of the Morse index theorem for geodesics in semi-Riemannian manifolds by using K-theory. This makes the Morse index theorem reminiscent of the Atiyah-Singer index theorem for families of selfadjoint elliptic operators.
We study the flow of Hermitian metrics governed by the second Chern-Ricci form on a compact complex manifolds. The flow belongs to the family of Hermitian curvature flows introduced by Streets and Tian and it was considered by Lee in order to study compact Hermitian manifolds with almost negative Chern bisectional cur...
Conformal qc geometry of spherical qc manifolds are investigated. We construct the qc Yamabe operators on qc manifolds, which are covariant under the conformal qc transformations.
Let $g_t$ be a smooth 1-parameter family of negatively curved metrics on a closed hyperbolic 3-manifold $M$ starting at the hyperbolic metric. We construct foliations of the Grassmann bundle $Gr_2(M)$ of tangent 2-planes whose leaves are (lifts of) minimal surfaces in $(M,g_t)$.
This paper concerns (Lorentz-)Darboux transformations in the Lorentz-Minkowski plane $\mathbb{R}^{1,1}$. We use the Penrose diagram for conformal compactification and show some unique properties of Darboux transformations of spacelike curves in $\mathbb{R}^{1,1}$, especially with regard to singularities and blowup.
The usual notion of set-convexity, valid in the classical Euclidean context, metamorphoses into several distinct convexity types in the more general Riemannian setting. By studying this phenomenon in reverse, we characterize complete manifolds for which certain convexity types are assumed a priori to coincide.
We introduce infinite dimensional Hilbertian H-type groups equipped with weak, graded, left invariant Riemannian metrics. For these Lie groups, we show that the vanishing of the geodesic distance and the local unboundedness of the sectional curvature coexist.
In this paper, we study the differential smoothness of 3-dimensional skew polynomial algebras and diffusion algebras.
We show that the Euclidean 3-space $\mathbb{R}^3$ is stable for the Positive Mass Theorem in the following sense. Let $(M_i,g_i)$ be a sequence of complete asymptotically flat $3$-manifolds with nonnegative scalar curvature and suppose that the ADM mass $m(g_i)$ of one end of $M_i$ converges to $0$.
We give a metric characterization of the Euclidean sphere in terms of the lower bound of the sectional curvature and the length of the shortest closed geodesics.
We show that the holomorphic Morse inequalities proved by Tian and the author [TZ1, 2] are in effect equalities by refining the analytic arguments in [TZ1, 2].
We study VB-groupoids and VB-algebroids, which are vector bundles in the realm of Lie groupoids and Lie algebroids. Through a suitable reformulation of their definitions, we elucidate the Lie theory relating these objects, i.e., their relation via differentiation and integration.
We show that links of invertible polynomials coming from the Johnson and Kollár list of Kähler-Einstein 3-folds that are rational homology 7-spheres remain rational homology 7-spheres under the so-called Berglund-Hübsch transpose rule coming from classical mirror symmetry constructions. Actually, this rule produces tw...
We show that in every dimension $n \geq 8$, there exists a smooth closed manifold $M^n$ which does not admit a smooth positive scalar curvature ("psc") metric, but $M$ admits an $\mathrm{L}^\infty$-metric which is smooth and has psc outside a singular set of codimension $\geq 8$. This provides counterexamples ...
We prove the Poisson geometric version of the Local Reeb Stability (from foliation theory) and of the Slice Theorem (from equivariant geometry). The result is also a generalization of Conn's linearization theorem from one-point leaves to arbitrary symplectic leaves (however, we do not make use of Conn's theore...
In this paper, we derive new adjunction inequalities for embedded surfaces with non-negative self-intersection number in four-manifolds. These formulas are proved by using relations between Seiberg-Witten invariants which are induced from embedded surfaces.
It is proved that the ring of invariants of the standard smooth completion of a Kac-Moody Lie algebra is functionally generated by two elements: the coefficient of the center and the Killing form.
We use pinched smooth hyperbolization to show that every closed, nonpositively curved $n$-dimensional manifold $M$ can be embedded as a totally geodesic submanifold of a closed, nonpositively curved $(n+1)$-dimensional manifold $\hat{M}$ of geometric rank one.
In this paper, we prove that if $g(t)$ is a smooth, complete solution to the Ricci flow of uniformly bounded curvature on $M\times[0, \Omega]$, then the correspondence $t\mapsto g(t)$ is real-analytic at each $t_0\in (0, \Omega)$. The analyticity is a consequence of classical Bernstein-type estimates on the temporal a...
We show global existence and convergence results for the pluriclosed flow on manifolds for which certain naturally associated tensor bundles are globally generated.

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