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We prove that a partially hyperbolic attracting set for a C2 vector field, having slow recurrence to equilibria, supports an ergodic physical/SRB measure if, and only if, the trapping region admits non-uniform sectional expansion on a positive Lebesgue measure subset. Moreover, in this case, the attracting set support... |
Decomposition of state spaces into dynamically different components is helpful for the understanding of dynamical behaviors of complex systems. A Conley type decomposition theorem is proved for nonautonomous dynamical systems defined on a non-compact but separable state space. |
We study a singular Hamiltonian system with an $\al$-homogeneous potential that contains, as a particular case, the classical $N$--body problem. We introduce a variational Morse--like index for a class of collision solutions and, using the asymptotic estimates near collisions, we prove the non-minimality of some specia... |
A Bicycle $(n,k)$-gon is an equilateral $n$-gon whose $k$ diagonals are of equal length. In this paper we consider periodic bicycle $(n,k)$-paths, which are a natural variation in which the polygon is replaced with a periodic polygonal path. |
We introduce a new dynamical system that we call "tiling billiards," where trajectories refract through planar tilings. This system is motivated by a recent discovery of physical substances with negative indices of refraction. |
We observe that a particular first integral of the partially-averaged system in the secular theory of the three-body problem appears also as an important conserved quantity of integrable Kepler billiards. In this note we illustrate their common roots with the projective dynamics of the two-center problem. |
In this work, we construct Markov structures for zooming systems adapted to holes of a special type. Our construction is based on backward contractions provided by zooming times. |
Given a rational map $R$, we consider the complement of the postcritical set $S_R$. In this paper we discuss the existence of invariant Beltrami differentials supported on a $R$ invariant subset $A$ of $S_R$. |
We show that for many strata of Abelian differentials in low genus the sum of Lyapunov exponents for the Teichmueller geodesic flow is the same for all Teichmueller curves in that stratum, hence equal to the sum of Lyapunov exponents for the whole stratum. This behavior is due to the disjointness property of Teichmuel... |
Dilation surfaces are generalizations of translation surfaces where the transition maps of the atlas are translations and homotheties with a positive ratio. In contrast with translation surfaces, the directional flow on dilation surfaces may contain trajectories accumulating on a limit cycle. |
We consider both geometric and measure-theoretic shrinking targets for ergodic maps, investigating when they are visible or invisible. Some Baire category theorems are proved, and particular constructions are given when the underlying map is fixed. |
We study the parameter space of a family of planar maps, which are linear on each of the right and left half-planes. We consider the set of parameters for which every orbit recurs to the boundary between half-planes. |
In this work, we develop shape expansions of minimal matchbox manifolds without holonomy, in terms of branched manifolds formed from their leaves. Our approach is based on the method of coding the holonomy groups for the foliated spaces, to define leafwise regions which are transversely stable and are adapted to the f... |
We study the action of the horocycle flow on the moduli space of abelian differentials in genus two. In particular, we exhibit a classification of a specific class of probability measures that are invariant and ergodic under the horocycle flow on the stratum H(1,1). |
In this short note, I explain how the non-degeneracy condition of the KAM can be bypassed. The first version of the note has been submitted for publication back in 2010 and this version in 2012. |
Dynamical systems generated by scalar reaction-diffusion equations on an interval enjoy special properties that lead to a very simple structure for the semiflow. Among these properties, the monotone behavior of the number of zeros of the solutions plays an essential role. |
Let $A$ be a Hölder continuous cocycle over a hyperbolic dynamical system with values in the group of diffeomorphisms of a compact manifold $M$. We consider the periodic data of $A$, i.e., the set of its return values along the periodic orbits in the base. |
Mathematical analysis of mass action models of large complex chemical systems is typically only possible if the models are reduced. The most common reduction technique is based on quasi-steady state assumptions. |
Motivated by questions in mass-action kinetics, we introduce the notion of vertexical family of differential inclusions. Defined on open hypercubes, these families are characterized by particular good behavior under projection maps. |
Sufficient conditions for synchronization of coupled Lienard-type oscillators are investigated via averaging technique. Coupling considered here is pairwise, unidirectional, and described by a nonlinear function (whose graph resides in the first and third quadrants) of some projection of the relative distance (between... |
This paper investigates the dynamics of time-periodic Euler flows in multi-connected, planar fluid regions which are ``stirred'' by the moving boundaries. The classical Helmholtz theorem on the transport of vorticity implies that if the initial vorticity of such a flow is generic among real-valued functions in... |
The study of transport and mixing processes in dynamical systems is particularly important for the analysis of mathematical models of physical systems. We propose a novel, direct geometric method to identify subsets of phase space that remain strongly coherent over a finite time duration. |
There are many natural, physical, and biological systems that exhibit multiple time scales. For example, the dynamics of a population of ticks can be described in continuous time during their individual life cycle yet discrete time is used to describe the generation of offspring. |
The main objective of this paper is to investigate the explicit form, stability character and global behavior of solutions of the following two systems of rational difference equations <br>x_{n+1}=((+(-)1)/(y_{n}(x_{n-1}+(-)1)+1)), y_{n+1}=((+(-)1)/(x_{n}(y_{n-1}+(-)1)+1)), n=0,1,... <br>such that their solutions are a... |
We classify connected 3-node restricted excitatory-inhibitory networks, extending our previous paper (`Classification of 2-node Excitatory-Inhibitory Networks', Mathematical Biosciences 373 (2024) 109205). We assume that there are two node-types and two arrow-types, excitatory and inhibitory; all excitatory arrows... |
Extended Dynamic Mode Decomposition (EDMD) is a popular data-driven method to approximate the Koopman operator for deterministic and stochastic (control) systems. This operator is linear and encompasses full information on the (expected stochastic) dynamics. |
In this paper, we analyze the dynamics of an $N$ particles system evolving according the gradient flow of an energy functional. The particle system is a consistent approximation of the Lagrangian formulation of a one parameter family of non-local drift-diffusion equations in one spatial dimension. |
In this paper, we consider the convergence rate with respect to the Wasserstein distance in the invariance principle for sequential dynamical systems. We utilize and modify the techniques previously employed for stationary sequences to address our non-stationary case. |
We show that any area-preserving $C^r$-diffeomorphism of a two-dimensional surface displaying an elliptic fixed point can be $C^r$-perturbed to one exhibiting a chaotic island whose metric entropy is positive, for every $1\le r\le \infty$. This proves a conjecture of Herman stating that the identity map of the disk ca... |
In the context of the Newtonian N-body problem, we prove the existence of a partially hyperbolic motion with prescribed positive energy and any initial collisionless configuration. Moreover, it is a free time minimizer of the respective supercritical Newtonian action or equivalently a geodesic ray for the respective J... |
The connection between discrete and continuous dynamical systems through the unit-time map has shown a significant role in bifurcation theory. Recently, it has also been used in fractal analysis of bifurcations. |
We consider a one-parameter family of invertible maps of a two-dimensional lattice, obtained by applying round-off to planar rotations. All orbits of these maps are conjectured to be periodic. |
This article investigates the parameter space of the exponential family $z\mapsto \exp(z)+\kappa$. We prove that the boundary (in $\C$) of every hyperbolic component is a Jordan arc, as conjectured by Eremenko and Lyubich as well as Baker and Rippon. |
We investigate a system of coupled oscillators on the circle, which arises from a simple model for behavior of large numbers of autonomous vehicles. The model considers asymmetric, linear, decentralized dynamics, where the acceleration of each vehicle depends on the relative positions and velocities between itself and... |
Suppose $X_{1}, X_{2}$ are nilmanifolds and $\rho, \sigma$ are automorphism actions of a discrete group $\Gamma$ on $X_{1}$ and $X_{2}$ respectively. We show that if $(X_{1},\rho)$ and $(X_{2}, \sigma)$ satisfy certain additional conditions then every $\Gamma$-equivariant continuous map from $(X_{1},\rho)$ to $(X_{2},... |
A map $f{:}\,[0,1)\to [0,1)$ is a {\it piecewise contraction of $n$ intervals} ($n$-PC) if there exist $0<\lambda<1$ and a partition of $[0,1)$ into intervals $I_1,\ldots,I_n$ such that $f\vert_{I_i}$ is $\lambda$-Lipschitz for every $1\le i\le n$. An infinite word $\theta=\theta_0\theta_1\ldots$ over the alphab... |
In this chapter, we utilize dynamical systems to analyze several aspects of machine learning algorithms. As an expository contribution we demonstrate how to re-formulate a wide variety of challenges from deep neural networks, (stochastic) gradient descent, and related topics into dynamical statements. |
We study the mean orbital pseudo-metric for Polish dynamical systems and its connections with properties of the space of invariant measures. We give equivalent conditions for when the set of invariant measures generated by periodic points is dense in the set of ergodic measures and the space of invariant measures. |
In this paper the notion of global attractor is extended from the setting of semigroup actions on metric spaces to the setting of semigroup actions on uniformizable spaces. General conditions for the existence of global attractor are discussed and its relationship with the global uniform attractor is presented. |
Savannas are dynamical systems where grasses and trees can either dominate or coexist. Fires are known to be central in the functioning of the savanna biome though their characteristics are expected to vary along the rainfall gradients as observed in Sub-Saharan Africa. |
In this paper, we study the Birkhoff sections in a 3-manifold foliated by invariant tori. We establish the necessary and sufficient conditions for various types of periodic orbits to serve as boundary orbits of a Birkhoff section. |
We develop an unstructured mathematical model describing the growth kinetics of the Trichoderma fungus and the production of enzymes (cellulase) by degradation of a substrate (cellulose) in the rhizosphere. We integrate into this model the hydrolysis step of the organic matter and analyze the asymptotic behaviour of t... |
We construct a dynamical system based on the KCG (Källén, Crafoord, Ghil) conceptual climate model which includes the ice-albedo and precipitation-temperature feedbacks. Further, we classify the stability of various critical points of the system and identify a parameter which change generates a Hopf bifurcation. |
In this report, we first recall the Poincaré's classification theorem for minimal orientation-preserving homeomorphisms on the circle and the Ghys' classification theorem for minimal orientation-preserving group actions on the circle. Then we introduce a classification theorem for a specified class of topologi... |
Given a rational map of the Riemann sphere and a subset $A$ of its Julia set, we study the $A$-exceptional set, that is, the set of points whose orbit does not accumulate at $A$. We prove that if the topological entropy of $A$ is less than the topological entropy of the full system then the $A$-exceptional set has ful... |
We explicitly construct a strongly aperiodic subshift of finite type for the discrete Heisenberg group. Our example builds on the classical aperiodic tilings of the plane due to Raphael Robinson. |
We prove polynomial decay of correlations for geodesic flows on a class of nonpositively curved surfaces where zero curvature only occurs along one closed geodesic. We also prove that various statistical limit laws, including the central limit theorem, are satisfied by this class of geodesic flows. |
We show that the Hausdorff dimension of the set of points of bounded orbit in the Julia set of a meromorphic map with a simply connected direct tract and a certain restriction on the singular values is strictly greater than one. This result is obtained by proving new results related to Wiman-Valiron theory. |
We study the question whether for a natural Hamiltonian system on a two-dimensional compact configuration manifold, a single trajectory of sufficiently high energy is almost surely enough to reconstruct a real analytic potential. |
We introduce a two-timescale SIRS-type model in which a fraction $\theta$ of infected individuals experiences a severe course of the disease, requiring hospitalization. During hospitalization, these individuals do not contribute to further infections. |
We provide explicit conditions for uniform stability, global asymptotic stability and uniform exponential stability for dynamic equations with a single delay and a nonnegative coefficient. Some examples on nonstandard time scales are also given to show applicability and sharpness of the new results. |
This work is motivated by a desire to understand transitions between stable equilibria observed in Stommel's 1961 thermohaline circulation model. We adapt the model, including a forcing parameter as a dynamic slow variable. |
The main goal of this paper is to study topological and measure-theoretic properties of an intriguing family of strange planar attractors. Building towards these results, we first show that any generic Lebesgue measure preserving map $f$ generates the pseudo-arc as inverse limit with $f$ as a single bonding map. |
We show that the number of square-tiled surfaces of genus $g$, with $n$ marked points, with one or both of its horizontal and vertical foliations belonging to fixed mapping class group orbits, and having at most $L$ squares, is asymptotic to $L^{6g-6+2n}$ times a product of constants appearing in Mirzakhani's count... |
We consider the class of conservative-dissipative ODE systems, which is a subclass of Lyapunov stable, linear time-invariant ODE systems. We characterize asymptotically stable, conservative-dissipative ODE systems via the hypocoercivity (theory) of their system matrices. |
Prediction via deterministic continuous-time models will always be subject to model error, for example due to unexplainable phenomena, uncertainties in any data driving the model, or discretisation/resolution issues. In this paper, we build upon previous small-noise studies to provide an explicit bound for the error b... |
It is shown that for each $N>0$ and for a wide class of Abelian non-compact locally compact second countable groups $G$ including all infinite countable discrete ones and $\Bbb R^{d_1}\times\Bbb Z^{d_2}$ with $d_1,d_2\ge 0$, there exists a weakly mixing probability preserving $G$-action with a homogeneous spectrum o... |
E. G. Effros and C-L. Shen constructed the dimension group of free rank 2 from the simple continued fraction algorithm. |
For the three body problem with equal masses, we prove that the most symmetric continuation class of Lagrange's equilateral triangle solution, also referred to as the $P_{12}$ family of Marchal, contains the remarkable figure eight choreography discovered by Moore in 1993, and proven to exist by Chenciner and Montg... |
A continuous map $f$ from a compact interval $I$ into itself is densely (resp. generically) chaotic if the set of points $(x,y)$ such that $\limsup_{n\to+\infty}|f^n (x)-f^n |
We consider $k$ intervals on the real line whose images under a continuous map $f$ contain themselves. It's conjectured that there exists a periodic point of period not bigger than $k$ in these intervals. |
We show that $C^\infty$ surface diffeomorphisms with positive topological entropy have at most finitely many ergodic measures of maximal entropy in general, and at most one in the topologically transitive case. This answers a question of Newhouse, who proved that such measures always exist. |
We prove that an Anosov action of $\mathbb{R}^k$ over a compact manifold $M$ transitive on regular sub-cones satisfies the dichotomy: each stable and unstable leaf is dense or the Anosov action is topologically conjugated to a suspension of a $\mathbb{Z}^k$-Anosov action. This represents an important progress toward a... |
We discuss the holomorphic properties of the complex continuation of the classical Arnol'd-Liouville action-angle variables for real analytic 1 degree--of--freedom Hamiltonian systems depending on external parameters in suitable `generic standard form', with particular regard to the behaviour near separatrices. |
We extend the classical Baire category approach, used in proving the finite generator theorem of Krieger, the homomorphism theorem of Sinai and the isomorphism theorem of Ornstein, applying a similar reasoning to the case of actions of countably infinite amenable groups. In principle we follow the lines of the paper b... |
Bowen showed that a continuous expansive map with specification has a unique measure of maximal entropy. We show that the conclusion remains true under weaker non-uniform versions of these hypotheses. |
We prove the existence of Cantor Julia sets with Hausdorff dimension two. In particular, such examples can be found in cubic polynomials. |
For a subshift $(X, \sigma_X)$ and a subadditive sequence $\mathcal{F}=\{\log f_n\}_{n=1}^{\infty}$ on $X$, we study equivalent conditions for the existence of $h\in C(X)$ such that $\lim_{n\rightarrow\infty}(1/{n})\int \log f_n d \mu=\int h d \mu$ for every invariant measure $\mu$ on $X$. For this purpose, we first w... |
For a given rotation number we compute the Hausdorff dimension of the set of well approximable numbers. We use this result and an inhomogeneous version of Jarnik's theorem to show strong recurrence properties of the billiard flow in certain polygons |
We study the invariance of velocity angles and flocking properties of the Inertial Spin model introduced by Cavagna et al. [J. Stat. Phys., 158, (2015), 601--627]. |
Let f and g be two Anosov diffeomorphisms on T3 with three-subbundles partially hyperbolic splittings where the weak stable subbundles are considered as center subbundles. Assume that f is conjugate to g and the conjugacy preserves the strong stable foliation, then their center Lyapunov exponents of corresponding peri... |
In this work we exhibit a new criteria for ergodicity of diffeomorphisms involving conditions on Lyapunov exponents and general position of some invariant manifolds. On one hand we derive uniqueness of SRB-measures for transitive surface diffeomorphisms. |
In this paper, we will introduce the `grid method' to prove that the extreme case of oscillation occurs for the averages obtained by sampling a flow along the sequence of times of the form $\{n^\alpha: n\in \mathbb{N}\}$, where $\alpha$ is a positive non-integer rational number. Such behavior of a sequence is know... |
Let $f : M \rightarrow M$ be a Morse-Smale diffeomorphism defined on a compact and connected manifold without boundary. Let $C(M)$ denote the hyperspace of all subcontinua of M endowed with the Hausdorff metric and $C(f) : C(M) \rightarrow C(M)$ denote the induced homeomorphism of $f$. |
We revisit the relegation algorithm by Deprit et al. (Celest. Mech. Dyn. Astron. 79:157-182, 2001) in the light of the rigorous Nekhoroshev's like theory. This relatively recent algorithm is nowadays widely used for implementing closed form analytic perturbation theories, as it generalises the classical Birkhoff n... |
We prove that among the set of smooth diffeomorphisms there exists a $C^1$-open and dense subset of data such that either the Lagrange spectrum is finite and the dynamics is a Morse-Smale diffeomorphism or the Lagrange spectrum has positive Hausdorff dimension and the system has positive topological entropy. |
In this paper we study the maximum number of limit cycles that can bifurcate from a focus singular point $p_0$ of an analytic, autonomous differential system in the real plane under an analytic perturbation. We consider $p_0$ being a focus singular point of the following three types: non-degenerate, degenerate without... |
Let $G/\Gamma$ be the quotient of a semisimple Lie group by an arithmetic lattice. We show that for reductive subgroups $H$ of $G$ that is large enough, the orbits of $H$ on $G/\Gamma$ intersect nontrivially with a fixed compact set. |
In this paper, two competitive Lotka-Volterra populations in the two-patch-system with diffusion are considered. Each of the two spiecies can diffuse indepently and discretely between its in intrapatch and interpatch. |
Let $G$ be a countable group and $\mu$ a probability measure on $G$. We build a new framework to compute asymptotic quantities associated with the $\mu$-random walk on $G$, using methods from harmonic analysis on groups and Banach space theory, most notably the complex interpolation. |
In this work we consider several aspects of the thermodynamic formalism in a randomized setting. Let $X$ be a non-trivial mixing shift of finite type, and let $f : X \to \mathbb{R}$ be a Hölder continuous potential with associated Gibbs measure $\mu$. |
We consider the horocyclic flow corresponding to a (topologically mixing) Anosov flow or diffeomorphism, and establish the uniqueness of transverse quasi-invariant measures with Hölder Jacobians. In the same setting, we give a precise characterization of the equilibrium states of the hyperbolic system, showing that ex... |
We show that, for pairs of hyperbolic toral automorphisms on the $2$-torus, the points with dense forward orbits under one map and nondense forward orbits under the other is a dense, uncountable set. The pair of maps can be noncommuting. |
This paper answers affirmatively Problem 32 posted in \cite{GMM2012}, proving that, for every stationary fuzzy metric space $(X, M, *)$, the function $M_y(x):=M(x,y)$ defined therein is $\mathbb{R}$-uniformly continuous for all $y\in X$, and furthermore proves that the function $M$ is $\mathbb{R}$-uniformly continuous. |
We consider actions of non-compact simple Lie groups preserving an analytic rigid geometric structure of algebraic type on a compact manifold. The structure is not assumed to be unimodular, so an invariant measure may not exist. |
The primary aim of this paper is to give topological obstructions to Cantor sets in $\mathbb{R}^3$ being Julia sets of uniformly quasiregular mappings. Our main tool is the genus of a Cantor set. |
We consider quasi-periodically systems in the presence of dissipation and study the existence of response solutions, i.e. quasi-periodic solutions with the same frequency vector as the forcing term. When the dissipation is large enough and a suitable function involving the forcing has a simple zero, response solutions... |
This article takes the inspiration from two milestones in the study of non minimal actions of groups on the circle: Duminy's theorem about the number of ends of semi-exceptional leaves and Ghys' freeness result in analytic regularity. Our first result concerns groups of analytic diffeomorphisms with infinitely... |
This article communicates results on regular depolarization cascades in periodically-kicked feedforward chains of excitable two-dimensional FitzHugh-Nagumo systems driven by sufficiently strong excitatory forcing at the front node. The study documents a parameter exploration by way of changes to the forcing period, up... |
We study a class of dynamical multi-commodity flow networks in transportation networks. These are modeled as dynamical systems describing the evolution of the densities of a number of different commodities across the cells of a transportation network. |
The paper provides full algorithmic details on switching to the continuation of all possible codim 1 cycle bifurcations from generic codim 2 equilibrium bifurcation points in n-dimensional ODEs. We discuss the implementation and the performance of the algorithm in several examples, including an extended Lorenz-84 mode... |
We construct a Poincaré map $\mathcal{P}_h$ for the positive horocycle flow on the modular surface $PSL(2,\mathbb{Z})\backslash \mathbb{H}$, and begin a systematic study of its dynamical properties. In particular we give a complete characterisation of the periodic orbits of $\mathcal{P}_h$, and show that they are equi... |
The analysis performed as well as extensive numerical simulations have revealed the possibility of the generation of homoclinic orbits as a result of homoclinic bifurcation in a porous pellet. A method has been proposed for the development of a special type of diagrams - the socalled bifurcation diagrams. |
In this paper we study the liftability property for piecewise continuous maps of compact metric spaces, which admit inducing schemes in the sense of Pesin and Senti [PS05, PS06]. We show that under some natural assumptions on the inducing schemes - which hold for many known examples - any invariant ergodic Borel proba... |
Let $N\ge 2$ and $\rho\in(0,1/N^2]$. The homogenous Cantor set $E$ is the self-similar set generated by the iterated function system <br>\[ <br>\left\{f_i(x)=\rho x+\frac{i(1-\rho)}{N-1}: i=0,1,\ldots, N-1\right\}. |
This paper studies local rigidity for some isometric toral extensions of partially hyperbolic $\mathbb{Z}^k$ ($k\geqslant 2$) actions on the torus. We prove a $C^\infty$ local rigidity result for such actions, provided that the smooth perturbations of the actions satisfy the intersection property. |
We review and investigate some new problems and results in the field of dynamical systems generated by iteration of maps, {\beta}-transformations, partitions, group actions, bundle dynamical systems, Hasse-Kloosterman maps, and some aspects of complexity of the systems. |
We consider networks of reaction-diffusion systems of Hodgkin-Huxley type. We give a general mathematical framework, in which we prove existence and unicity of solutions as well as existence of invariant regions and of the attractor. |
The deadbeat synchronization of identical discrete-time nonlinear systems is studied from a geometric point of view. An array of deadbeat observers coupled via a deadbeat interconnection is shown to achieve synchronization in finite number of steps provided that a compatibility condition is satisfied between the obser... |
Given an ergodic dynamical system $(X, \mathcal{B}, \mu, T)$, we prove that for each function $f$ belonging to the Orlicz space $L(\log L)^2(\log \log L)(X, \mu)$, the ergodic averages \[ \frac{1}{\pi(N)} \sum_{p \in \mathbb{P}_N} f\big(T^p x\big), \] converge for $\mu$-almost all $x \in X$, where $\mathbb{P}_N$ is the... |
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