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to "conceal a credit card without the consent of the card holder." Notice |
that it doesn't say anything about carbons or numbers acquired from BBSes, |
but I think that it could be considered part of the laws governing the access |
of a persons account without the knowledge of the cardholder, as described |
above. |
Possession with Intent to Circulate or Sell |
------------------------------------------- |
The law states that it is illegal to possess or have under one's control, |
or receive a credit card if his intent is to circulate or sell the card. It |
is also illegal to deliver, circulate or sell a credit card, knowing that such |
a possession, control or receipt without the cardholders consent, shall be |
guilty of a FELONY. Notice again, they say nothing about possession of |
carbons or numbers directly. It also does not clearly state what circulation |
or possession is, so we can only stipulate. All it says is that possession of |
a card (material plastic) is illegal. |
Fraud, forgery, material alteration, counterfeiting. |
---------------------------------------------------- |
However, it might not be clearly illegal to possess a carbon or CC |
number. It IS illegal to defraud a credit card holder. Michigan law states |
that any person who, with intent to defraud, forge, materially alter or |
counterfeit a credit card, shall be guilty of a felony. |
Revoked or cancelled card, use with intent to defraud. |
------------------------------------------------------ |
This states that "Any person who knowingly and with intent to defraud for |
the purpose of obtaining goods, property or services or anything of value on a |
credit card which has been revoked or cancelled or reported stolen by the |
issuer or issuee, has been notified of the cancellation by registered or |
certified mail or by another personal service shall be fined not more than |
$1,000 and not imprisoned not more than a year, or both. However, it does not |
clearly say if it is a felony or misdemeanor or civil infraction. My guess is |
that it would be dependant on the amount and means that you used and received |
when you defraud the company. Usually, if it is under $100, it is a |
misdemeanor but if it is over $100, it is a felony. I guess they figure that |
you should know these things. |
The People of The State of Michigan vs. Anderson (possession) |
------------------------------------------------ |
On April 4, 1980, H. Anderson attempted to purchase a pair of pants at |
Danny's Fashion Shops, in the Detroit area. He went up to the cashier to pay |
for the pants and the cashier asked him if he had permission to use the credit |
card. He said "No, I won it last night in a card game". The guy said that I |
could purchase $50 dollars worth of goods to pay back the debt. At the same |
time, he presumed the card to be a valid one and not stolen. Well, as it |
turned out it was stolen but he had no knowledge of this. Later, he went to |
court and pleased guilty of attempted possession of a credit card of another |
with intent or circulate or sell the same. At the guilty hearings, Mr. |
Anderson stated that the credit card that he attempted to use had been |
acquired by him in payment of a gambling debt and assumed that the person was |
the owner. The trial court accepted his plea of guilty. At the sentencing, |
Mr. Anderson, denied that he had any criminal intent. Anderson appealed the |
decision stating that the court had erred by accepting his plea of guilty on |
the basis of insufficient factual data. Therefore, the trial court should not |
have convicted him of attempted possession and reversed the charges. |
The People of the State of Michigan vs. Willie Dockery |
------------------------------------------------------ |
On June 23, 1977, Willie Dockery attempted to purchase gas at a Sears gas |
station by using a stolen credit card. The attendant noticed that his |
driver's license picture was pasted on and notified the police. Dockery |
stated that he had found the credit card and the license at an intersection, |
in the city of Flint. He admitted that he knowingly used the credit card and |
driver's license without the consent of the owner but he said that he only had |
purchased gasoline on the card. It turns out that the credit card and |
driver's license was stolen from a man, whose grocery store had been robbed. |
Dockery said that he had no knowledge of the robbery and previous charges on |
the cardwhich totalled$1,373.21. He admitted that he did paste his picture |
on the driver's license. Butagain the court screws up, they receive evidence |
that the defendant had a record of felonies dating back to when he was sixteen |
and then assumed that he was guilty on the basis of his prior offenses. The |
judge later said that the present sentence could not stand in this court so |
the case was referred to another court. |
Conclusion |
---------- |
I hope that I have given you a better understanding about the law, that |
considers the illegal aspects of using credit cards. All this information was |
taken from The Michigan Compiled Laws Annotated Volume 754.157a-s and from The |
Michigan Appeals Report. |
In my next file I will talk about the laws concerning Check Fraud. |
-Tom Brokaw |
===== Phrack Magazine presents Phrack 16 ===== |
===== File 6 of 12 ===== |
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