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width: 440,
child: leftColumn,
),
mainImage,
],
),
),
),
),<code_end>
lightbulb Tip
The Pavlova example runs best horizontally on a wide device,
such as a tablet. If you are running this example in the iOS simulator,
you can select a different device using the Hardware > Device menu.
For this example, we recommend the iPad Pro.
You can change its orientation to landscape mode using
Hardware > Rotate. You can also change the size of the
simulator window (without changing the number of logical pixels)
using Window > Scale.App source: pavlova<topic_end>
<topic_start>
Common layout widgets
Flutter has a rich library of layout widgets.
Here are a few of those most commonly used.
The intent is to get you up and running as quickly as possible,
rather than overwhelm you with a complete list.
For information on other available widgets,
refer to the Widget catalog,
or use the Search box in the API reference docs.
Also, the widget pages in the API docs often make suggestions
about similar widgets that might better suit your needs.The following widgets fall into two categories: standard widgets
from the widgets library, and specialized widgets from the
Material library. Any app can use the widgets library but
only Material apps can use the Material Components library.<topic_end>
<topic_start>
Standard widgets
<topic_end>
<topic_start>
Material widgets
<topic_end>
<topic_start>
Container
Many layouts make liberal use of Containers to separate
widgets using padding, or to add borders or margins.
You can change the device’s background by placing the
entire layout into a Container and changing its background
color or image.<topic_end>
<topic_start>Summary (Container)
<topic_end>
<topic_start>Examples (Container)
This layout consists of a column with two rows, each containing
2 images. A Container is used to change the background color
of the column to a lighter grey.A Container is also used to add a rounded border and margins
to each image:
<code_start>Widget _buildDecoratedImage(int imageIndex) => Expanded(
child: Container(
decoration: BoxDecoration(
border: Border.all(width: 10, color: Colors.black38),
borderRadius: const BorderRadius.all(Radius.circular(8)),
),
margin: const EdgeInsets.all(4),
child: Image.asset('images/pic$imageIndex.jpg'),
),
);
Widget _buildImageRow(int imageIndex) => Row(
children: [
_buildDecoratedImage(imageIndex),
_buildDecoratedImage(imageIndex + 1),
],
);<code_end>
You can find more Container examples in the tutorial.App source: container<topic_end>
<topic_start>
GridView
Use GridView to lay widgets out as a two-dimensional
list. GridView provides two pre-fabricated lists,
or you can build your own custom grid. When a GridView
detects that its contents are too long to fit the render box,
it automatically scrolls.<topic_end>
<topic_start>Summary (GridView)
info Note
When displaying a two-dimensional list where it’s important which
row and column a cell occupies (for example,
it’s the entry in the “calorie” column for the “avocado” row), use
Table or DataTable.<topic_end>
<topic_start>Examples (GridView)
Uses GridView.extent to create a grid with tiles a maximum
150 pixels wide.App source: grid_and_listUses GridView.count to create a grid that’s 2 tiles
wide in portrait mode, and 3 tiles wide in landscape mode.
The titles are created by setting the footer property for
each GridTile.Dart code:
grid_list_demo.dart
<code_start>Widget _buildGrid() => GridView.extent(
maxCrossAxisExtent: 150,
padding: const EdgeInsets.all(4),
mainAxisSpacing: 4,
crossAxisSpacing: 4,
children: _buildGridTileList(30));
// The images are saved with names pic0.jpg, pic1.jpg...pic29.jpg.
// The List.generate() constructor allows an easy way to create
// a list when objects have a predictable naming pattern.
List<Container> _buildGridTileList(int count) => List.generate(
count, (i) => Container(child: Image.asset('images/pic$i.jpg')));<code_end>