Datasets:

EricLu
/

SCP-378K

license: cc-by-nc-sa-4.0
task_categories:
  - text-generation
  - question-answering
language:
  - en
size_categories:
  - 100K<n<1M
tags:
  - chemistry
  - biology
  - medical
  - mathematics

Dataset Card for SCP-378K

Dataset Description

Paper

SCP-116K: A High-Quality Problem-Solution Dataset and a Generalized Pipeline for Automated Extraction in the Higher Education Science Domain

Dataset Summary

SCP-378K is a large-scale scientific problem-solution dataset containing 377,705 examples. It is an improved version of SCP-116K with substantially enhanced solution coverage: every problem is paired with a matched solution extracted from the source material.

The dataset covers multiple scientific disciplines, including physics, chemistry, biology, medicine, and mathematics, targeting undergraduate to doctoral-level scientific content. Compared with SCP-116K, SCP-378K focuses on providing complete problem-solution pairs with extracted standard answers. Due to resource constraints, this version does not include DeepSeek-R1-generated responses or reasoning traces.

GitHub: https://github.com/AQA6666/SCP-116K-open/tree/main

Previous version with R1-generated responses and reasoning traces: EricLu/SCP-116K

Supported Tasks

The dataset supports several tasks:

Scientific Question Answering
Scientific Reasoning
Text Generation
Model Evaluation
Supervised Fine-Tuning
Reward Model / Verifier Training

Languages

The dataset is in English.

Dataset Structure

The dataset contains the following columns:

id: A unique identifier for each example.
problem: The original scientific problem text.
matched_solution: The solution matched to the problem and extracted from the source material.

Data Fields

id: string / integer
problem: string
matched_solution: string

Data Splits

The dataset is provided as a single split containing all 377,705 examples.

Relationship to SCP-116K

SCP-378K is a newer and improved version of SCP-116K. The main improvement is complete solution coverage: while SCP-116K contains many problems without extracted source solutions, every problem in SCP-378K is paired with a matched solution extracted from the source material.

However, SCP-378K does not include DeepSeek-R1-generated responses or reasoning traces. Users interested in R1-generated solutions and reasoning data may refer to the previous dataset: EricLu/SCP-116K.

Dataset	# Examples	Matched / Extracted Solutions	R1 Responses	R1 Reasoning Traces
SCP-116K	274,166	~40K	Yes	Yes
SCP-378K	377,705	377,705	No	No

Dataset Creation

Source Data

The dataset was created by processing large-scale web-crawled academic and educational documents, filtering for high-quality university-level scientific content, and extracting problem-solution pairs using an automated pipeline. The extraction process includes document retrieval, unified preprocessing, content segmentation, structured extraction, quality filtering, and problem-solution matching.

SCP-378K improves upon the previous version by addressing the solution extraction deficiency in SCP-116K, resulting in complete matched-solution coverage for all examples.

Annotations

Each example contains a scientific problem and its corresponding matched solution extracted from the source material. Unlike SCP-116K, this dataset does not include model-generated responses or reasoning traces.

Considerations for Using the Data

Social Impact of Dataset

This dataset aims to advance scientific reasoning capabilities in AI systems and provide high-quality training data for developing more capable models in STEM disciplines. It can help democratize access to advanced scientific problem-solving capabilities and support education in scientific fields.

Discussion of Biases

While efforts have been made to ensure high quality and diversity in the dataset, users should be aware that:

The dataset may reflect biases present in web-crawled documents.
Coverage across different scientific domains may not be perfectly balanced.
The difficulty level of problems varies across the dataset.
Extracted solutions may inherit formatting issues or ambiguities from the original source documents.

Other Known Limitations

Solutions may occasionally reference figures, tables, or equations not included in the text.
Some problems may require specialized domain knowledge for full understanding.
The dataset focuses primarily on theoretical problems rather than experimental ones.
Matched solutions are automatically extracted and matched, so users should expect occasional noise or mismatches.

Additional Information

Dataset Curators

The dataset was created as part of research work on improving scientific reasoning capabilities in language models.

Licensing Information

This dataset is released under the cc-by-nc-sa-4.0 License.

Citation Information

If you use this dataset in your research, please cite:

@misc{lu2025scp116khighqualityproblemsolutiondataset,
      title={SCP-116K: A High-Quality Problem-Solution Dataset and a Generalized Pipeline for Automated Extraction in the Higher Education Science Domain}, 
      author={Dakuan Lu and Xiaoyu Tan and Rui Xu and Tianchu Yao and Chao Qu and Wei Chu and Yinghui Xu and Yuan Qi},
      year={2025},
      eprint={2501.15587},
      archivePrefix={arXiv},
      primaryClass={cs.CL},
      url={https://arxiv.org/abs/2501.15587}, 
}