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Cobalt Strike can steal access tokens from exiting processes.
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T1134.001
Access Token Manipulation: Token Impersonation/Theft
FinFisher uses token manipulation with NtFilterToken as part of UAC bypass.
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T1134.001
Access Token Manipulation: Token Impersonation/Theft
Okrum can impersonate a logged-on user's security context using a call to the ImpersonateLoggedOnUser API.
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T1134.001
Access Token Manipulation: Token Impersonation/Theft
Pupy can obtain a list of SIDs and provide the option for selecting process tokens to impersonate.
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T1134.001
Access Token Manipulation: Token Impersonation/Theft
REvil can obtain the token from the user that launched the explorer.exe process to avoid affecting the desktop of the SYSTEM user. ;; Shamoon can impersonate tokens using LogonUser ImpersonateLoggedOnUser and ImpersonateNamedPipeClient.
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T1134.001
Access Token Manipulation: Token Impersonation/Theft
Aria-body has the ability to execute a process using runas.
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T1134.002
Access Token Manipulation: Create Process With Token
Azorult can call WTSQueryUserToken and CreateProcessAsUser to start a new process with local system privileges.
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T1134.002
Access Token Manipulation: Create Process With Token
Bankshot grabs a user token using WTSQueryUserToken and then creates a process by impersonating a logged-on user.
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T1134.002
Access Token Manipulation: Create Process With Token
Empire can use Invoke-RunAs to make tokens.
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T1134.002
Access Token Manipulation: Create Process With Token
KONNI has duplicated the token of a high integrity process to spawn an instance of cmd.exe under an impersonated user.
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T1134.002
Access Token Manipulation: Create Process With Token
Lazarus Group keylogger KiloAlfa obtains user tokens from interactive sessions to execute itself with API call CreateProcessAsUserA under that user's context.
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T1134.002
Access Token Manipulation: Create Process With Token
PipeMon can attempt to gain administrative privileges using token impersonation.
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T1134.002
Access Token Manipulation: Create Process With Token
PoshC2 can use Invoke-RunAs to make tokens. ;; REvil can launch an instance of itself with administrative rights using runas. ;; Turla RPC backdoors can impersonate or steal process tokens before executing commands. ;; ZxShell has a command called RunAs which creates a new process as another user or process context.
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T1134.002
Access Token Manipulation: Create Process With Token
3PARA RAT command and control commands are encrypted within the HTTP C2 channel using the DES algorithm in CBC mode with a key derived from the MD5 hash of the string HYF54&%9&jkMCXuiS. 3PARA RAT will use an 8-byte XOR key derived from the string HYF54&%9&jkMCXuiS if the DES decoding fails
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T1573.001
Encrypted Channel: Symmetric Cryptography
4H RAT obfuscates C2 communication using a 1-byte XOR with the key 0xBE.
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T1573.001
Encrypted Channel: Symmetric Cryptography
A variant of ADVSTORESHELL encrypts some C2 with 3DES.
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T1573.001
Encrypted Channel: Symmetric Cryptography
APT28 installed a Delphi backdoor that used a custom algorithm for C2 communications.
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T1573.001
Encrypted Channel: Symmetric Cryptography
APT33 has used AES for encryption of command and control traffic.
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T1573.001
Encrypted Channel: Symmetric Cryptography
Attor has encrypted data symmetrically using a randomly generated Blowfish (OFB) key which is encrypted with a public RSA key.
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T1573.001
Encrypted Channel: Symmetric Cryptography
Azorult can encrypt C2 traffic using XOR.
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T1573.001
Encrypted Channel: Symmetric Cryptography
BADCALL encrypts C2 traffic using an XOR/ADD cipher. ;; BADNEWS encrypts C2 data with a ROR by 3 and an XOR by 0x23. ;; Bazar can send C2 communications with XOR encryption. ;; BBSRAT uses a custom encryption algorithm on data sent back to the C2 server over HTTP. ;; BendyBear communicates to a C2 server over port 443...
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T1573.001
Encrypted Channel: Symmetric Cryptography
3PARA RAT uses HTTP for command and control.
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T1071.001
Application Layer Protocol: Web Protocols
4H RAT uses HTTP for command and control.
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T1071.001
Application Layer Protocol: Web Protocols
ABK has the ability to use HTTP in communications with C2.
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T1071.001
Application Layer Protocol: Web Protocols
ADVSTORESHELL connects to port 80 of a C2 server using Wininet API. Data is exchanged via HTTP POSTs.
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T1071.001
Application Layer Protocol: Web Protocols
Agent Tesla has used HTTP for C2 communications.
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T1071.001
Application Layer Protocol: Web Protocols
Anchor has used HTTP and HTTPS in C2 communications.
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T1071.001
Application Layer Protocol: Web Protocols
AppleJeus has sent data to its C2 server via POST requests.
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T1071.001
Application Layer Protocol: Web Protocols
APT18 uses HTTP for C2 communications. ;; APT19 used HTTP for C2 communications. APT19 also used an HTTP malware variant to communicate over HTTP for C2. ;; Later implants used by APT28 such as CHOPSTICK use a blend of HTTP and other legitimate channels for C2 depending on module configuration. ;; APT29 has used HTTP ...
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T1071.001
Application Layer Protocol: Web Protocols
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T1574.005
Hijack Execution Flow: Executable Installer File Permissions Weakness
Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by hijacking the binaries used by an installer.
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T1574.005
Hijack Execution Flow: Executable Installer File Permissions Weakness
When installers create subdirectories and files they often do not set appropriate permissions to restrict write access, which allows for execution of untrusted code placed in the subdirectories or overwriting of binaries used in the installation process.
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T1574.005
Hijack Execution Flow: Executable Installer File Permissions Weakness
Attackers can leverage file permissions weaknessses in software installers to get their payload deployed without the user being aware.
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T1574.005
Hijack Execution Flow: Executable Installer File Permissions Weakness
An external tool or installer is required to enable the malware to maintain persistence through reboot.
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T1574.005
Hijack Execution Flow: Executable Installer File Permissions Weakness
PowerSpritz decrypts a legitimate Skype or Telegram installer using a custom Spritz implementation with the key “Znxkai@ if8qa9w9489”. PowerSpritz then writes the legitimate installer to disk in the directory returned by GetTempPathA.
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T1574.005
Hijack Execution Flow: Executable Installer File Permissions Weakness
admin@338 actors used the following command following exploitation of a machine with LOWBALL malware to list local groups: net localgroup administrator >> %temp%\download
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T1069.001
Permission Groups Discovery: Local Groups
BloodHound can collect information about local groups and members.
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T1069.001
Permission Groups Discovery: Local Groups
Caterpillar WebShell can obtain a list of local groups of users from a system.
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T1069.001
Permission Groups Discovery: Local Groups
Chimera has used net localgroup administrators to identify accounts with local administrative rights.
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T1069.001
Permission Groups Discovery: Local Groups
Emissary has the capability to execute the command net localgroup administrators.
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T1069.001
Permission Groups Discovery: Local Groups
Epic gathers information on local group names.
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T1069.001
Permission Groups Discovery: Local Groups
FlawedAmmyy enumerates the privilege level of the victim during the initial infection.
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T1069.001
Permission Groups Discovery: Local Groups
Helminth has checked the local administrators group. ;; JPIN can obtain the permissions of the victim user. ;; Kazuar gathers information about local groups and members. ;; Kwampirs collects a list of users belonging to the local users and administrators groups with the commands net localgroup administrators and net l...
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T1069.001
Permission Groups Discovery: Local Groups
Ruler can be used to automate the abuse of Outlook Rules to establish persistence.
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T1137.005
Office Application Startup: Outlook Rules
Adversaries may abuse Microsoft Outlook rules to obtain persistence on a compromised system.
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T1137.005
Office Application Startup: Outlook Rules
Malicious Outlook rules can be created that can trigger code execution when an adversary sends a specifically crafted email to that user.
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T1137.005
Office Application Startup: Outlook Rules
In summary, inbox rules can be hidden by leveraging an API called Messaging Application Programming Interface (MAPI), which provides low level access to exchange data stores.
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T1137.005
Office Application Startup: Outlook Rules
User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability, wherein the victim must import a malformed Outlook Rules (.RWZ) file.
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T1137.005
Office Application Startup: Outlook Rules
OilRig has abused the Outlook Home Page feature for persistence. OilRig has also used CVE-2017-11774 to roll back the initial patch designed to protect against Home Page abuse.
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T1137.004
Office Application Startup: Outlook Home Page
Ruler can be used to automate the abuse of Outlook Home Pages to establish persistence.
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T1137.004
Office Application Startup: Outlook Home Page
Adversaries may abuse Microsoft Outlook's Home Page feature to obtain persistence on a compromised system.
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T1137.004
Office Application Startup: Outlook Home Page
Once malicious home pages have been added to the user’s mailbox, they will be loaded when Outlook is started.
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T1137.004
Office Application Startup: Outlook Home Page
After APT33 initially gained access to Microsoft Exchange accounts through password spraying, the threat actors replaced the Outlook homepage for the victim accounts with a malicious Microsoft Outlook homepage URL crafted through Ruler.
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T1137.004
Office Application Startup: Outlook Home Page
Ruler can be used to automate the abuse of Outlook Forms to establish persistence.
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T1137.003
Office Application Startup: Outlook Forms
Custom Outlook forms can be created that will execute code when a specifically crafted email is sent by an adversary utilizing the same custom Outlook form.
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T1137.003
Office Application Startup: Outlook Forms
Adversaries may abuse Microsoft Outlook forms to obtain persistence on a compromised system.
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T1137.003
Office Application Startup: Outlook Forms
Once malicious forms have been added to the user’s mailbox, they will be loaded when Outlook is started.
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T1137.003
Office Application Startup: Outlook Forms
The custom form is triggered when the mailbox receives a specific message from the attacker that requires the mailbox to load the custom form.
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T1137.003
Office Application Startup: Outlook Forms
Naikon has used the RoyalRoad exploit builder to drop a second stage loader intel.wll into the Word Startup folder on the compromised host.
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T1137.006
Office Application Startup: Add
Add-ins can be used to obtain persistence because they can be set to execute code when an Office application starts.
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T1137.006
Office Application Startup: Add
Actors may abuse Microsoft Office add-ins to obtain persistence on a compromised system.
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T1137.006
Office Application Startup: Add
XLAM files are add-in files for Excel 2010 and Excel 2007 based on XML with support for macros. As victims interacted with these files, an attacker-controlled cloud storage was set up on the local system as a network drive and launched RedCurl.Dropper, which was hosted there.
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T1137.006
Office Application Startup: Add
Further investigation of this “StartUp” trusted location found that it could host “Word Add-Ins” of a “*.wll” extension.
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T1137.006
Office Application Startup: Add
AdFind can enumerate domain users.
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T1087.002
Account Discovery: Domain Account
Bankshot gathers domain and account names/information through process monitoring.
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T1087.002
Account Discovery: Domain Account
Bazar has the ability to identify domain administrator accounts.
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T1087.002
Account Discovery: Domain Account
BloodHound can collect information about domain users including identification of domain admin accounts.
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T1087.002
Account Discovery: Domain Account
BRONZE BUTLER has used net user /domain to identify account information.
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T1087.002
Account Discovery: Domain Account
Chimera has has used net user /dom and net user Administrator to enumerate domain accounts including administrator accounts.
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T1087.002
Account Discovery: Domain Account
Cobalt Strike can determine if the user on an infected machine is in the admin or domain admin group.
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T1087.002
Account Discovery: Domain Account
CrackMapExec can enumerate the domain user accounts on a targeted system. ;; Dragonfly 2.0 used batch scripts to enumerate users on a victim domain controller. ;; dsquery can be used to gather information on user accounts within a domain. ;; Empire can acquire local and domain user account information. ;; FIN6 has use...
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T1087.002
Account Discovery: Domain Account
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T1505.001
Server Software Component: Sql Stored Procedures
Threat actors may abuse SQL stored procedures to establish persistent access to systems.
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T1505.001
Server Software Component: Sql Stored Procedures
Adversaries may craft or modify CLR assemblies that are linked to stored procedures since these CLR assemblies can be made to execute arbitrary commands.
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T1505.001
Server Software Component: Sql Stored Procedures
As a result, the stored procedures will run the next time a patch is applied to SQL Server, or the server is restarted.
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T1505.001
Server Software Component: Sql Stored Procedures
Create a stored procedure to use the xp_cmdshell stored procedure to download and execute a PowerShell payload from the internet using the query below.
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T1505.001
Server Software Component: Sql Stored Procedures
The SQL injection string attempted to launch PowerShell via the xp_cmdshell stored procedure.
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T1505.001
Server Software Component: Sql Stored Procedures
An unspecified vulnerability exists within the Stored Procedure component in Oracle MySQL Server 8.0.23 that, when exploited, allows an authenticated attacker to remotely manipulate data and cause a complete denial-of-service (DoS) condition.
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T1505.001
Server Software Component: Sql Stored Procedures
LightNeuron has used a malicious Microsoft Exchange transport agent for persistence.
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T1505.002
Server Software Component: Transport Agent
Adversaries may abuse Microsoft transport agents to establish persistent access to systems.
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T1505.002
Server Software Component: Transport Agent
Though a malicious transport agent may be invoked for all emails passing through the Exchange transport pipeline, the agent can be configured to only carry out specific tasks in response to adversary defined criteria.
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T1505.002
Server Software Component: Transport Agent
Leveraging a Microsoft Exchange Transport Agent for persistence is something unique and never before seen.
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T1505.002
Server Software Component: Transport Agent
The Turla tool leverages a Microsoft Exchange transport agent in parallel with XTRANS to receive and process email messages delivered to the Exchange server.
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T1505.002
Server Software Component: Transport Agent
ADVSTORESHELL compresses output data generated by command execution with a custom implementation of the Lempel–Ziv–Welch (LZW) algorithm.
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T1560.003
Archive Collected Data: Archive Via Custom Method
Agent.btz saves system information into an XML file that is then XOR-encoded.
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T1560.003
Archive Collected Data: Archive Via Custom Method
Attor encrypts collected data with a custom implementation of Blowfish and RSA ciphers.
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T1560.003
Archive Collected Data: Archive Via Custom Method
CopyKittens encrypts data with a substitute cipher prior to exfiltration.
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T1560.003
Archive Collected Data: Archive Via Custom Method
Modules can be pushed to and executed by Duqu that copy data to a staging area compress it and XOR encrypt it.
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T1560.003
Archive Collected Data: Archive Via Custom Method
FIN6 has encoded data gathered from the victim with a simple substitution cipher and single-byte XOR using the 0xAA key and Base64 with character permutation.
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T1560.003
Archive Collected Data: Archive Via Custom Method
FLASHFLOOD employs the same encoding scheme as SPACESHIP for data it stages. Data is compressed with zlib and bytes are rotated four times before being XOR'ed with 0x23.
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T1560.003
Archive Collected Data: Archive Via Custom Method
FrameworkPOS can XOR credit card information before exfiltration. ;; HAWKBALL has encrypted data with XOR before sending it over the C2 channel. ;; InvisiMole uses a variation of the XOR cipher to encrypt files before exfiltration. ;; Kimsuky has used RC4 encryption before exfil. ;; A Lazarus Group malware sample encr...
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T1560.003
Archive Collected Data: Archive Via Custom Method
Bundlore can persist via a LaunchAgent.
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T1543.001
Create or Modify System Process: Launch Agent
Calisto adds a .plist file to the /Library/LaunchAgents folder to maintain persistence.
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T1543.001
Create or Modify System Process: Launch Agent
CoinTicker creates user launch agents named .espl.plist and com.apple.[random string].plist to establish persistence.
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T1543.001
Create or Modify System Process: Launch Agent
CookieMiner has installed multiple new Launch Agents in order to maintain persistence for cryptocurrency mining software.
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T1543.001
Create or Modify System Process: Launch Agent
CrossRAT creates a Launch Agent on macOS.
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T1543.001
Create or Modify System Process: Launch Agent
Dacls can establish persistence via a LaunchAgent.
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T1543.001
Create or Modify System Process: Launch Agent
Dok persists via a Launch Agent.
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T1543.001
Create or Modify System Process: Launch Agent
FruitFly persists via a Launch Agent. ;; Keydnap uses a Launch Agent to persist. ;; The Komplex trojan creates a persistent launch agent called with $HOME/Library/LaunchAgents/com.apple.updates.plist with launchctl load -w ~/Library/LaunchAgents/com.apple.updates.plist. ;; MacSpy persists via a Launch Agent. ;; NETWIR...
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T1543.001
Create or Modify System Process: Launch Agent
APT1 has used RAR to compress files before moving them outside of the victim network.
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T1560.001
Archive Collected Data: Archive Via Utility