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Major concepts of a sociological perspective of crime Not what you're looking for? Describe the sociological perspective toward crime, making certain that you define the three major concepts: 1) consensus and conflict perspectives (i.e. functionalist, structural and subcultural theories) 2) the interactionist perspective 3) Marxist perspective Use examples of crime, such as from the mass media, to illustrate this perspective. Purchase this Solution Solution Summary Provided is a discussion of a sociological view of crime. Theories about types of social orders and how they relate to crime are detailed in this 367 word text. There are several references to other sources that may provide more information. Solution Preview The sociological perspective on crime views criminality as a consequence of the society we live in and not of psychological dispositions or biological causes. Remember that the sociology of crime is closely linked to the sociology of deviance. The three causes of crime undoubtedly relate to the three main sociological perspectives taken on crime: 1) consensus and conflict perspectives (i.e. functionalist, structural and sub-cultural theories); 2) the interactionist perspective; and 3) Marxist approaches. Consensus and conflict perspectives look at the way that criminality results from ... Purchase this Solution Free BrainMass Quizzes Sociology: Socialization & Social Groups A refresher quiz on socialization. Research Methods for Data Collection This quiz is designed for students to help them gain a better understanding of the different types of research and when to appropriately use them.
Longtime Slashdot reader garyisabusyguy shares a report from The Debrief: Dr. Charles Buhler, a NASA engineer and the co-founder of Exodus Propulsion Technologies, has revealed that his company's propellantless propulsion drive, which appears to defy the known laws of physics, has produced enough thrust to counteract Earth's gravity. "The most important message to convey to the public is that a major discovery occurred," Buhler told The Debrief. "This discovery of a New Force is fundamental in that electric fields alone can generate a sustainable force onto an object and allow center-of-mass translation of said object without expelling mass." "There are rules that include conservation of energy, but if done correctly, one can generate forces unlike anything humankind has done before," Buhler added. "It will be this force that we will use to propel objects for the next 1,000 years until the next thing comes." To document his team's discovery as well as the process behind their work, which Dr. Buhler cautions is in no way affiliated with NASA or the U.S. Government, the outwardly amiable researcher presented his findings at a recent Alternative Propulsion Energy Conference (APEC). Filled with both highly-credentialed career engineers and propulsion hobbyists, APEC is an organization The Debrief once referred to as the World's Most Exclusive (And Strange) Anti-Gravity Club. In conjunction with that presentation, "The Discovery of Propellantless Propulsion: The Direct Conversion of Electrical Energy into Physical Thrust," Dr. Buhler also sat down with APEC co-founder and moderator Tim Ventura to explain how his past in electrostatics, which is his primary area of expertise, ended up being a key component of his discovery of this new force. […] Up next, Buhler says his team is seeking funding to test their devices in space to better understand the force at work. "We're hoping to do some demos," said Buhler. "Some space demos. That's what we're trying to get some funding to do. I think that would be a great way to show off the technology." Besides proving once and for all that the force they are seeing is real, the accomplished engineer believes that such tests could encourage other scientists to search for an explanation of what exactly it is they are seeing. "I think it's a good opportunity for people to run these tests, look at them, watch them go in space, watch it move in space, and then say, "what does it imply? What are the implications?'" Until that time, Buhler says he believes his work proves that the force they are seeing is "fundamental" and that understanding it is the next logical step. "You can't deny this," he told Ventura. "There's not a lot to this. You're just charging up Teflon, copper tape, and foam, and you have this thrust." So, while his team believes their experiments speak for themselves, the veteran scientist says he also believes it is the job of science to analyze and understand this discovery. If successful, he thinks it may even address some of the harder questions in science, including the nature of dark energy or even space/time itself. "It's easy to make these things," he said, "so it's a tool for the scientific community to use to try to explore those hard questions." If there are companies or individuals interested in working with Exodus Propulsion Technologies, Buhler asks that they reach out via their LinkedIn page. Read more of this story at Slashdot. Slashdot news agency contributed to this report, published by ORDO News editors. Contact us: [email protected] Our Standards, Terms of Use: Standard Terms And Conditions. To eliminate any confusion arising from different time zones and daylight saving changes, all times displayed on our platforms are in Coordinated Universal Time (UTC).
The Oxford English Dictionary defines a backyard flat as a basement or floor flooring flat with a view of a backyard or lawn, though it acknowledges that the reference to a garden may be illusory. The space across the entrance of the big Georgian or Victorian townhouse was typically surrounded by cast iron railings. The kitchen was the primary administrative center for the servants on this lowest floor. The lower ground flooring is a perfect location for a self contained garden flat. The usual word in British English is "flat", but house is utilized by property developers to imply expensive "flats" in components of London similar to Belgravia and Hampstead. In Scotland, it is called a block of flats, if it is a traditional sandstone building, a tenement, a term which has a adverse connotation. Ask your contacts on social media for referrals to achieve many individuals with a single submit. You can send an email to multiple folks. 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As the supply of buildings for conversion ran out, copy and modern high rise residences followed. Thanks to official planning insurance policies, the city of Melbourne is the fastest rising metropolis in the country. The introduction of the Melbourne 2030 planning policy has led to a rise in apartment building in the metropolitan area. The majority of city renewal areas are now residences. There has been a rise in the number of pupil house buildings. Most Of The Serviced Residences In Gurgaon Have Been Booked This Month In some cities, condo constructing was restricted to public housing. The Housing Commission of Victoria constructed numerous excessive rise housing commission flats within the 1950s and 1970s as a part of an city renewal program within the bigger cities of Australia. Some areas have been affected, such as Prahran. Why Did I Get Blocked? In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the idea of the flat was sluggish to catch on among the many British center courses, which usually adopted the north European commonplace of single family homes dating back into historical past. People who lived in flats were assumed to be lower class and considerably nomadic, so they would rent a flat above a store as a part of their lease settlement. In London and most of Britain, everyone who could afford to do so occupied a complete house, even when this was a small terraced home, as a outcome of the working poor continued to lease rooms in typically overcrowded properties, with one or more families per room. This type of house was developed in North America in the twentieth century. Most Of The Apartments In Gurgaon Are Booked The aside hotel has a terrace, a seating space, satellite TV, a totally equipped kitchen, and a non-public rest room. Each unit has a balcony, a kitchen with an oven, a fire, a seating area, a washing machine, and a non-public toilet. A microwave, fridge, stovetop, coffee machine, and a kettle are also featured. Modern Apartamente finalizate buildings sprang up in riverside areas within the Eighties. The final quarter of the nineteenth century was when concepts started to change. If the center and higher courses have been to hold up a pied terre within the capital, they would need more imaginative housing concepts. If you do not know something in regards to the area you are shifting to, use tech to increase your network. When I received a grant to maneuver to Taiwan, I searched for the organization administering the grant on LinkedIn and despatched customized requests to connect. I advised my new connections about the Taiwanese rental market. A fridge, stovetop, and kitchenware are also offered. In low value rental housing, such properties are sometimes found in condo blocks constructed by native authorities, or above avenue stage retail models, the place they might be occupied by the occupier of the retail unit. Semi indifferent buildings are people who have two dwellings with a common wall. This form of building is very common and it's not a later conversion. Many homes have two storeys and are joined internally by stairs. I discovered by way of this research that my metropolis requires bedrooms to have windows. I ignored the listing as a end result of it implied the unit accommodated three tenants beneath the table. In Japanese English loanwords, the time period apartment is used for decrease income housing and mansion is used for high finish apartments; nevertheless, both phrases check with what English speakers regard as an apartment. We cataloged every place's itemizing hyperlink, handle, monthly hire, lease start date, distance to public transportation, facilities, broker contact information, and tour notes. This strategy made it possible for me to update my roommate in Europe who couldn't attend the tours, and for us toCentralized our info, weigh units towards our desires and desires. A espresso machine and a kettle are also obtainable. Each unit comes with a sofa, a seating area, a flat display screen television with streaming providers, a properly fitted kitchen with a dining space, a security deposit box and a non-public bathroom with bathrobes. Zen Suites DLF Gurgaon has a enterprise centre, free web access and private parking.
A literature review: efficacy of online learning courses for higher education institution using meta-analysis - Published: 04 November 2019 - Volume 26 , pages 1367–1385, ( 2021 ) Cite this article - Mayleen Dorcas B. Castro ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-6618-6958 1 , 2 & - Gilbert M. Tumibay 3 20k Accesses 176 Citations 149 Altmetric 11 Mentions Explore all metrics The Internet has made online learning possible, and many educators and researchers are interested in online learning courses to enhance and improve the student learning outcomes while battling the shortage in resources, facilities and equipment particularly in higher education institution. Online learning has become popular because of its potential for providing more flexible access to content and instruction at any time, from any place. It is imperative that the researchers consider, and examine the efficacy of online learning in educating students. For this study, the researchers reviewed literature through meta-analysis as the method of research concerning the use of ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation and Evaluation) framework for designing and developing instructional materials that can provide wider access to quality higher education. This framework can be used to list generic processes that instructional designers and training developers use (Morrison et al., 2010 ). It represents a descriptive guideline for building effective training and performance support tools in five phases, as follows: 1.) Analysis, 2.) Design, 3.) Development, 4.) Implementation, and 5.) Evaluation. The researchers collected papers relating to online learning courses efficacy studies to provide a synthesis of scientifically rigorous knowledge in online learning courses, the researchers searched on ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), ProQuest databases, PubMed, Crossref, Scribd EBSCO, and Scopus. The researchers also conducted a manual search using Google Scholar. Based on the analysis, three main themes developed: 1.) comparison of online learning and traditional face-to-face setting, 2.) identification of important factors of online learning delivery, and 3.) factors of institutional adoption of online learning. Based on the results obtained 50 articles. The researchers examine each paper and found 30 articles that met the efficacy of online learning courses through having well-planned, well-designed courses and programs for higher education institution. Also, it highlights the importance of instructional design and the active role of institutions play in providing support structures for educators and students. Identification of different processes and activities in designing and developing an Online Learning Courses for Higher Education Institution will be the second phase of this study for which the researchers will consider using the theoretical aspect of the ADDIE framework. This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access. Access this article Price includes VAT (Russian Federation) Instant access to the full article PDF. Rent this article via DeepDyve Institutional subscriptions Similar content being viewed by others Adoption of online mathematics learning in Ugandan government universities during the COVID-19 pandemic: pre-service teachers' behavioural intention and challenges Ethical Considerations of Conducting Systematic Reviews in Educational Research Online learning in higher education: exploring advantages and disadvantages for engagement Allen, E., & Seaman, J. (2010). Class Difference$: Online Education in the United States. http://sloanconsortium.org/publications/survey/class_differences Alonso, F., Lopez, G., Manrique, D., & Vines, J. M. (2005). An instructional model for web-based e-learning education with a blended learning process approach. British Journal of Educational Technology, 36 (2), 217–235 http://www.fisme.science.uu.nl/publicaties/literatuur/2005_modelforwebbasedelearning.pdf . Article Google Scholar Arbaugh, J.B., Godfrey, M., Johnson, M., Pollack, BL., Niendorf, B., & Wresch, W., (2009). Research in online and blended learning in the business disciplines: Key findings and possible future directions. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1096751609000268 . Bell, B. S., & Fedeman, J. E. (2013). E-learning in postsecondary education. The Future of Children, 23 (1), 165–185. Chen, L., (2016). A Model for Effective Online Instructional Design. http://infonomics-society.org/wpcontent/uploads/licej/published-papers/volume-7-2016/A-Model-for-Effective-Online-Instructional-Design.pdf Dick, W., Carey, L., & Carey, J. O. (2014). The systematic design of instruction (8th ed.). New Jersey: Pearson Education, Inc.. Google Scholar Finch, D., & Jacobs, K. (2012). Online education: Best practices to promote learning. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics 56th Annual Meeting. Gallagher, S., & LaBrie, J. (2012). Online learning 2.0: Strategies for a mature market. Continuing Higher Education Review, 76 , 65–73. Intulogy. (2010) ADDIE Instructional Design Model. http://www.intulogy.com/addie/ Lorenzetti, J. (2013). Academic Administration - Running a MOOC: Secrets of the World's Largest Distance Education Classes - Magna Publications. McConnell, D. (2000). Implementing computer supported cooperative learning. Morrison, G. R., Ross, S. M., Kemp, J. E., & Kalman, H. (2010). Designing effective instruction (6th ed.). Hoboken: Wiley. Neuhauser, C., (2010). Learning Style and Effectiveness of Online and Face-to-Face Instruction. http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1207/S15389286AJDE1602_4 Pape, L. (2010). Blended Teaching & Learning. School Administrator, 67 (4), 16–21. Parsad, B., & Lewis, L. (2008). Distance education at degree-granting Postsecondary Institutions: 2006–2007 (NCES 2009–044). National Center for Education Statistics, Institute of Education Sciences . Washington, DC: US Department of Education http://nces.ed.gov/pubs2009/2009044.pdf . Patrick, S., & Powell, A., (2009). A Summary of Research on the Effectiveness of K-12 Online Learning. https://?id=ED/?id=ED509626 Quality Matters (2015). QM publisher rubric: https://www.qualitymatters.org/ Razali, S., Nadiyah, S.F., (2015). The Development of Online Project Based Collaborative Learning Using ADDIE Model. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1877042815038719 . Roblyer, M. D. (2015). Introduction to systematic instructional design for traditional, online, and blended environments . New Jersey: Pearson Education, Inc.. Rubric for Online Instruction (2010). QOLT (Quality Online Teaching and Learning). http://courseredesign.csuprojects.org/wp/qolt/ Saba, F. (2012). A systems approach to the future of distance education in colleges and universities: Research, development, and implementation. Continuing Higher Education Review, 76 , 30–37. Schmid, R. F., Bernard, R. M., Borokhovski, E., Tamim, R. M., Abrami, P. C., & Surkes, M. A. (2014). The effects of technology use in postsecondary education: A meta-analysis of classroom applications. Computers & Education, 72 , 271–291. Serhat, K., (2017). ADDIE Model: Instructional Design. https://educationaltechnology.net/the-addie-modelinstructional-design/ . Sherry, L. (1995). Issues in distance learning. International Journal of Educational Telecommunications, 1 (4), 337–365. Siemens, G., Gasevic, D., & Dawson, S., (2015). Preparing for the Digital University: A review of the history and current state of distance, blended, and online learning. https://linkresearchlab.org/PreparingDigitalUniversity.pdf Siragusa, L., Dixon, K. C., & Dixon, R., (2007). Designing quality e-learning environments in higher education. http://www.ascilite.org.au/conferences/singapore07/procs/siragusa.pdf Zhang, D., (2010). Interactive Multimedia-Based E-Learning: A Study of Effectiveness. http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1207/s15389286ajde1903_3 Download references Author information Authors and affiliations. DIT at Angeles University Foundation, Angeles City, Pampanga, Philippines Mayleen Dorcas B. Castro Faculty, BulSU Graduate School and College of Information & Communications Technology, Bulacan State University, Malolos, Bulacan, Philippines ITE Program, Graduate School, Angeles University Foundation, Angeles City, Pampanga, Philippines Gilbert M. Tumibay You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar Corresponding author Correspondence to Mayleen Dorcas B. Castro . Additional information Publisher's note. Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Rights and permissions Reprints and permissions About this article Castro, M.D.B., Tumibay, G.M. A literature review: efficacy of online learning courses for higher education institution using meta-analysis. Educ Inf Technol 26 , 1367–1385 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-019-10027-z Download citation Received : 16 April 2019 Accepted : 25 September 2019 Published : 04 November 2019 Issue Date : March 2021 DOI : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-019-10027-z Share this article Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative - Online learning courses - ADDIE framework - Efficacy and meta-analysis - Find a journal - Publish with us - Track your research How Effective Is Online Learning? What the Research Does and Doesn't Tell Us - Share article Editor's Note: This is part of a series on the practical takeaways from research. The times have dictated school closings and the rapid expansion of online education. Can online lessons replace in-school time? Clearly online time cannot provide many of the informal social interactions students have at school, but how will online courses do in terms of moving student learning forward? Research to date gives us some clues and also points us to what we could be doing to support students who are most likely to struggle in the online setting. The use of virtual courses among K-12 students has grown rapidly in recent years. Florida, for example, requires all high school students to take at least one online course. Online learning can take a number of different forms. Often people think of Massive Open Online Courses, or MOOCs, where thousands of students watch a video online and fill out questionnaires or take exams based on those lectures. In the online setting, students may have more distractions and less oversight, which can reduce their motivation. Most online courses, however, particularly those serving K-12 students, have a format much more similar to in-person courses. The teacher helps to run virtual discussion among the students, assigns homework, and follows up with individual students. Sometimes these courses are synchronous (teachers and students all meet at the same time) and sometimes they are asynchronous (non-concurrent). In both cases, the teacher is supposed to provide opportunities for students to engage thoughtfully with subject matter, and students, in most cases, are required to interact with each other virtually. Coronavirus and Schools Online courses provide opportunities for students. Students in a school that doesn't offer statistics classes may be able to learn statistics with virtual lessons. If students fail algebra, they may be able to catch up during evenings or summer using online classes, and not disrupt their math trajectory at school. So, almost certainly, online classes sometimes benefit students. In comparisons of online and in-person classes, however, online classes aren't as effective as in-person classes for most students. Only a little research has assessed the effects of online lessons for elementary and high school students, and even less has used the "gold standard" method of comparing the results for students assigned randomly to online or in-person courses. Jessica Heppen and colleagues at the American Institutes for Research and the University of Chicago Consortium on School Research randomly assigned students who had failed second semester Algebra I to either face-to-face or online credit recovery courses over the summer. Students' credit-recovery success rates and algebra test scores were lower in the online setting. Students assigned to the online option also rated their class as more difficult than did their peers assigned to the face-to-face option. Most of the research on online courses for K-12 students has used large-scale administrative data, looking at otherwise similar students in the two settings. One of these studies, by June Ahn of New York University and Andrew McEachin of the RAND Corp., examined Ohio charter schools; I did another with colleagues looking at Florida public school coursework. Both studies found evidence that online coursetaking was less effective. About this series This essay is the fifth in a series that aims to put the pieces of research together so that education decisionmakers can evaluate which policies and practices to implement. The conveners of this project—Susanna Loeb, the director of Brown University's Annenberg Institute for School Reform, and Harvard education professor Heather Hill—have received grant support from the Annenberg Institute for this series. To suggest other topics for this series or join in the conversation, use #EdResearchtoPractice on Twitter. Read the full series here . It is not surprising that in-person courses are, on average, more effective. Being in person with teachers and other students creates social pressures and benefits that can help motivate students to engage. Some students do as well in online courses as in in-person courses, some may actually do better, but, on average, students do worse in the online setting, and this is particularly true for students with weaker academic backgrounds. Students who struggle in in-person classes are likely to struggle even more online. While the research on virtual schools in K-12 education doesn't address these differences directly, a study of college students that I worked on with Stanford colleagues found very little difference in learning for high-performing students in the online and in-person settings. On the other hand, lower performing students performed meaningfully worse in online courses than in in-person courses. But just because students who struggle in in-person classes are even more likely to struggle online doesn't mean that's inevitable. Online teachers will need to consider the needs of less-engaged students and work to engage them. Online courses might be made to work for these students on average, even if they have not in the past. Just like in brick-and-mortar classrooms, online courses need a strong curriculum and strong pedagogical practices. Teachers need to understand what students know and what they don't know, as well as how to help them learn new material. What is different in the online setting is that students may have more distractions and less oversight, which can reduce their motivation. The teacher will need to set norms for engagement—such as requiring students to regularly ask questions and respond to their peers—that are different than the norms in the in-person setting. Online courses are generally not as effective as in-person classes, but they are certainly better than no classes. A substantial research base developed by Karl Alexander at Johns Hopkins University and many others shows that students, especially students with fewer resources at home, learn less when they are not in school. Right now, virtual courses are allowing students to access lessons and exercises and interact with teachers in ways that would have been impossible if an epidemic had closed schools even a decade or two earlier. So we may be skeptical of online learning, but it is also time to embrace and improve it. A version of this article appeared in the April 01, 2020 edition of Education Week as How Effective Is Online Learning? Sign Up for EdWeek Tech Leader Edweek top school jobs. Sign Up & Sign In - Research article - Open access - Published: 02 December 2020 Integrating students' perspectives about online learning: a hierarchy of factors - Montgomery Van Wart 1 , - Anna Ni 1 , - Pamela Medina 1 , - Jesus Canelon 1 , - Melika Kordrostami 1 , - Jing Zhang 1 & International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education volume 17 , Article number: 53 ( 2020 ) Cite this article 148k Accesses 49 Citations 24 Altmetric Metrics details This article reports on a large-scale ( n = 987), exploratory factor analysis study incorporating various concepts identified in the literature as critical success factors for online learning from the students' perspective, and then determines their hierarchical significance. Seven factors--Basic Online Modality, Instructional Support, Teaching Presence, Cognitive Presence, Online Social Comfort, Online Interactive Modality, and Social Presence--were identified as significant and reliable. Regression analysis indicates the minimal factors for enrollment in future classes—when students consider convenience and scheduling—were Basic Online Modality, Cognitive Presence, and Online Social Comfort. Students who accepted or embraced online courses on their own merits wanted a minimum of Basic Online Modality, Teaching Presence, Cognitive Presence, Online Social Comfort, and Social Presence. Students, who preferred face-to-face classes and demanded a comparable experience, valued Online Interactive Modality and Instructional Support more highly. Recommendations for online course design, policy, and future research are provided. While there are different perspectives of the learning process such as learning achievement and faculty perspectives, students' perspectives are especially critical since they are ultimately the raison d'être of the educational endeavor (Chickering & Gamson, 1987 ). More pragmatically, students' perspectives provide invaluable, first-hand insights into their experiences and expectations (Dawson et al., 2019 ). The student perspective is especially important when new teaching approaches are used and when new technologies are being introduced (Arthur, 2009 ; Crews & Butterfield, 2014 ; Van Wart, Ni, Ready, Shayo, & Court, 2020 ). With the renewed interest in "active" education in general (Arruabarrena, Sánchez, Blanco, et al., 2019 ; Kay, MacDonald, & DiGiuseppe, 2019 ; Nouri, 2016 ; Vlachopoulos & Makri, 2017 ) and the flipped classroom approach in particular (Flores, del-Arco, & Silva, 2016 ; Gong, Yang, & Cai, 2020 ; Lundin, et al., 2018 ; Maycock, 2019 ; McGivney-Burelle, 2013 ; O'Flaherty & Phillips, 2015 ; Tucker , 2012 ) along with extraordinary shifts in the technology, the student perspective on online education is profoundly important. What shapes students' perceptions of quality integrate are their own sense of learning achievement, satisfaction with the support they receive, technical proficiency of the process, intellectual and emotional stimulation, comfort with the process, and sense of learning community. The factors that students perceive as quality online teaching, however, has not been as clear as it might be for at least two reasons. First, it is important to note that the overall online learning experience for students is also composed of non-teaching factors which we briefly mention. Three such factors are (1) convenience, (2) learner characteristics and readiness, and (3) antecedent conditions that may foster teaching quality but are not directly responsible for it. (1) Convenience is an enormous non-quality factor for students (Artino, 2010 ) which has driven up online demand around the world (Fidalgo, Thormann, Kulyk, et al., 2020 ; Inside Higher Education and Gallup, 2019 ; Legon & Garrett, 2019 ; Ortagus, 2017 ). This is important since satisfaction with online classes is frequently somewhat lower than face-to-face classes (Macon, 2011 ). However, the literature generally supports the relative equivalence of face-to-face and online modes regarding learning achievement criteria (Bernard et al., 2004 ; Nguyen, 2015 ; Ni, 2013 ; Sitzmann, Kraiger, Stewart, & Wisher, 2006 ; see Xu & Jaggars, 2014 for an alternate perspective). These contrasts are exemplified in a recent study of business students, in which online students using a flipped classroom approach outperformed their face-to-face peers, but ironically rated instructor performance lower (Harjoto, 2017 ). (2) Learner characteristics also affect the experience related to self-regulation in an active learning model, comfort with technology, and age, among others,which affect both receptiveness and readiness of online instruction. (Alqurashi, 2016 ; Cohen & Baruth, 2017 ; Kintu, Zhu, & Kagambe, 2017 ; Kuo, Walker, Schroder, & Belland, 2013 ; Ventura & Moscoloni, 2015 ) (3) Finally, numerous antecedent factors may lead to improved instruction, but are not themselves directly perceived by students such as instructor training (Brinkley-Etzkorn, 2018 ), and the sources of faculty motivation (e.g., incentives, recognition, social influence, and voluntariness) (Wingo, Ivankova, & Moss, 2017 ). Important as these factors are, mixing them with the perceptions of quality tends to obfuscate the quality factors directly perceived by students. Second, while student perceptions of quality are used in innumerable studies, our overall understanding still needs to integrate them more holistically. Many studies use student perceptions of quality and overall effectiveness of individual tools and strategies in online contexts such as mobile devices (Drew & Mann, 2018 ), small groups (Choi, Land, & Turgeon, 2005 ), journals (Nair, Tay, & Koh, 2013 ), simulations (Vlachopoulos & Makri, 2017 ), video (Lange & Costley, 2020 ), etc. Such studies, however, cannot provide the overall context and comparative importance. Some studies have examined the overall learning experience of students with exploratory lists, but have mixed non-quality factors with quality of teaching factors making it difficult to discern the instructor's versus contextual roles in quality (e.g., Asoodar, Vaezi, & Izanloo, 2016 ; Bollinger & Martindale, 2004 ; Farrell & Brunton, 2020 ; Hong, 2002 ; Song, Singleton, Hill, & Koh, 2004 ; Sun, Tsai, Finger, Chen, & Yeh, 2008 ). The application of technology adoption studies also fall into this category by essentially aggregating all teaching quality in the single category of performance ( Al-Gahtani, 2016 ; Artino, 2010 ). Some studies have used high-level teaching-oriented models, primarily the Community of Inquiry model (le Roux & Nagel, 2018 ), but empirical support has been mixed (Arbaugh et al., 2008 ); and its elegance (i.e., relying on only three factors) has not provided much insight to practitioners (Anderson, 2016 ; Cleveland-Innes & Campbell, 2012 ). Research questions Integration of studies and concepts explored continues to be fragmented and confusing despite the fact that the number of empirical studies related to student perceptions of quality factors has increased. It is important to have an empirical view of what students' value in a single comprehensive study and, also, to know if there is a hierarchy of factors, ranging from students who are least to most critical of the online learning experience. This research study has two research questions. The first research question is: What are the significant factors in creating a high-quality online learning experience from students' perspectives? That is important to know because it should have a significant effect on the instructor's design of online classes. The goal of this research question is identify a more articulated and empirically-supported set of factors capturing the full range of student expectations. The second research question is: Is there a priority or hierarchy of factors related to students' perceptions of online teaching quality that relate to their decisions to enroll in online classes? For example, is it possible to distinguish which factors are critical for enrollment decisions when students are primarily motivated by convenience and scheduling flexibility (minimum threshold)? Do these factors differ from students with a genuine acceptance of the general quality of online courses (a moderate threshold)? What are the factors that are important for the students who are the most critical of online course delivery (highest threshold)? This article next reviews the literature on online education quality, focusing on the student perspective and reviews eight factors derived from it. The research methods section discusses the study structure and methods. Demographic data related to the sample are next, followed by the results, discussion, and conclusion. Literature review Online education is much discussed (Prinsloo, 2016 ; Van Wart et al., 2019 ; Zawacki-Richter & Naidu, 2016 ), but its perception is substantially influenced by where you stand and what you value (Otter et al., 2013 ; Tanner, Noser, & Totaro, 2009 ). Accrediting bodies care about meeting technical standards, proof of effectiveness, and consistency (Grandzol & Grandzol, 2006 ). Institutions care about reputation, rigor, student satisfaction, and institutional efficiency (Jung, 2011 ). Faculty care about subject coverage, student participation, faculty satisfaction, and faculty workload (Horvitz, Beach, Anderson, & Xia, 2015 ; Mansbach & Austin, 2018 ). For their part, students care about learning achievement (Marks, Sibley, & Arbaugh, 2005 ; O'Neill & Sai, 2014 ; Shen, Cho, Tsai, & Marra, 2013 ), but also view online education as a function of their enjoyment of classes, instructor capability and responsiveness, and comfort in the learning environment (e.g., Asoodar et al., 2016 ; Sebastianelli, Swift, & Tamimi, 2015 ). It is this last perspective, of students, upon which we focus. It is important to note students do not sign up for online classes solely based on perceived quality. Perceptions of quality derive from notions of the capacity of online learning when ideal—relative to both learning achievement and satisfaction/enjoyment, and perceptions about the likelihood and experience of classes living up to expectations. Students also sign up because of convenience and flexibility, and personal notions of suitability about learning. Convenience and flexibility are enormous drivers of online registration (Lee, Stringer, & Du, 2017 ; Mann & Henneberry, 2012 ). Even when students say they prefer face-to-face classes to online, many enroll in online classes and re-enroll in the future if the experience meets minimum expectations. This study examines the threshold expectations of students when they are considering taking online classes. When discussing students' perceptions of quality, there is little clarity about the actual range of concepts because no integrated empirical studies exist comparing major factors found throughout the literature. Rather, there are practitioner-generated lists of micro-competencies such as the Quality Matters consortium for higher education (Quality Matters, 2018 ), or broad frameworks encompassing many aspects of quality beyond teaching (Open and Distant Learning Quality Council, 2012 ). While checklists are useful for practitioners and accreditation processes, they do not provide robust, theoretical bases for scholarly development. Overarching frameworks are heuristically useful, but not for pragmatic purposes or theory building arenas. The most prominent theoretical framework used in online literature is the Community of Inquiry (CoI) model (Arbaugh et al., 2008 ; Garrison, Anderson, & Archer, 2003 ), which divides instruction into teaching, cognitive, and social presence. Like deductive theories, however, the supportive evidence is mixed (Rourke & Kanuka, 2009 ), especially regarding the importance of social presence (Annand, 2011 ; Armellini and De Stefani, 2016 ). Conceptually, the problem is not so much with the narrow articulation of cognitive or social presence; cognitive presence is how the instructor provides opportunities for students to interact with material in robust, thought-provoking ways, and social presence refers to building a community of learning that incorporates student-to-student interactions. However, teaching presence includes everything else the instructor does—structuring the course, providing lectures, explaining assignments, creating rehearsal opportunities, supplying tests, grading, answering questions, and so on. These challenges become even more prominent in the online context. While the lecture as a single medium is paramount in face-to-face classes, it fades as the primary vehicle in online classes with increased use of detailed syllabi, electronic announcements, recorded and synchronous lectures, 24/7 communications related to student questions, etc. Amassing the pedagogical and technological elements related to teaching under a single concept provides little insight. In addition to the CoI model, numerous concepts are suggested in single-factor empirical studies when focusing on quality from a student's perspective, with overlapping conceptualizations and nonstandardized naming conventions. Seven distinct factors are derived here from the literature of student perceptions of online quality: Instructional Support, Teaching Presence, Basic Online Modality, Social Presence, Online Social Comfort, cognitive Presence, and Interactive Online Modality. Instructional support Instructional Support refers to students' perceptions of techniques by the instructor used for input, rehearsal, feedback, and evaluation. Specifically, this entails providing detailed instructions, designed use of multimedia, and the balance between repetitive class features for ease of use, and techniques to prevent boredom. Instructional Support is often included as an element of Teaching Presence, but is also labeled "structure" (Lee & Rha, 2009 ; So & Brush, 2008 ) and instructor facilitation (Eom, Wen, & Ashill, 2006 ). A prime example of the difference between face-to-face and online education is the extensive use of the "flipped classroom" (Maycock, 2019 ; Wang, Huang, & Schunn, 2019 ) in which students move to rehearsal activities faster and more frequently than traditional classrooms, with less instructor lecture (Jung, 2011 ; Martin, Wang, & Sadaf, 2018 ). It has been consistently supported as an element of student perceptions of quality (Espasa & Meneses, 2010 ). - Teaching presence Teaching Presence refers to students' perceptions about the quality of communication in lectures, directions, and individual feedback including encouragement (Jaggars & Xu, 2016 ; Marks et al., 2005 ). Specifically, instructor communication is clear, focused, and encouraging, and instructor feedback is customized and timely. If Instructional Support is what an instructor does before the course begins and in carrying out those plans, then Teaching Presence is what the instructor does while the class is conducted and in response to specific circumstances. For example, a course could be well designed but poorly delivered because the instructor is distracted; or a course could be poorly designed but an instructor might make up for the deficit by spending time and energy in elaborate communications and ad hoc teaching techniques. It is especially important in student satisfaction (Sebastianelli et al., 2015 ; Young, 2006 ) and also referred to as instructor presence (Asoodar et al., 2016 ), learner-instructor interaction (Marks et al., 2005 ), and staff support (Jung, 2011 ). As with Instructional Support, it has been consistently supported as an element of student perceptions of quality. Basic online modality Basic Online Modality refers to the competent use of basic online class tools—online grading, navigation methods, online grade book, and the announcements function. It is frequently clumped with instructional quality (Artino, 2010 ), service quality (Mohammadi, 2015 ), instructor expertise in e-teaching (Paechter, Maier, & Macher, 2010 ), and similar terms. As a narrowly defined concept, it is sometimes called technology (Asoodar et al., 2016 ; Bollinger & Martindale, 2004 ; Sun et al., 2008 ). The only empirical study that did not find Basic Online Modality significant, as technology, was Sun et al. ( 2008 ). Because Basic Online Modality is addressed with basic instructor training, some studies assert the importance of training (e.g., Asoodar et al., 2016 ). Social presence Social Presence refers to students' perceptions of the quality of student-to-student interaction. Social Presence focuses on the quality of shared learning and collaboration among students, such as in threaded discussion responses (Garrison et al., 2003 ; Kehrwald, 2008 ). Much emphasized but challenged in the CoI literature (Rourke & Kanuka, 2009 ), it has mixed support in the online literature. While some studies found Social Presence or related concepts to be significant (e.g., Asoodar et al., 2016 ; Bollinger & Martindale, 2004 ; Eom et al., 2006 ; Richardson, Maeda, Lv, & Caskurlu, 2017 ), others found Social Presence insignificant (Joo, Lim, & Kim, 2011 ; So & Brush, 2008 ; Sun et al., 2008 ). Online social comfort Online Social Comfort refers to the instructor's ability to provide an environment in which anxiety is low, and students feel comfortable interacting even when expressing opposing viewpoints. While numerous studies have examined anxiety (e.g., Liaw & Huang, 2013 ; Otter et al., 2013 ; Sun et al., 2008 ), only one found anxiety insignificant (Asoodar et al., 2016 ); many others have not examined the concept. - Cognitive presence Cognitive Presence refers to the engagement of students such that they perceive they are stimulated by the material and instructor to reflect deeply and critically, and seek to understand different perspectives (Garrison et al., 2003 ). The instructor provides instructional materials and facilitates an environment that piques interest, is reflective, and enhances inclusiveness of perspectives (Durabi, Arrastia, Nelson, Cornille, & Liang, 2011 ). Cognitive Presence includes enhancing the applicability of material for student's potential or current careers. Cognitive Presence is supported as significant in many online studies (e.g., Artino, 2010 ; Asoodar et al., 2016 ; Joo et al., 2011 ; Marks et al., 2005 ; Sebastianelli et al., 2015 ; Sun et al., 2008 ). Further, while many instructors perceive that cognitive presence is diminished in online settings, neuroscientific studies indicate this need not be the case (Takamine, 2017 ). While numerous studies failed to examine Cognitive Presence, this review found no studies that lessened its significance for students. Interactive online modality Interactive Online Modality refers to the "high-end" usage of online functionality. That is, the instructor uses interactive online class tools—video lectures, videoconferencing, and small group discussions—well. It is often included in concepts such as instructional quality (Artino, 2010 ; Asoodar et al., 2016 ; Mohammadi, 2015 ; Otter et al., 2013 ; Paechter et al., 2010 ) or engagement (Clayton, Blumberg, & Anthony, 2018 ). While individual methods have been investigated (e.g. Durabi et al., 2011 ), high-end engagement methods have not. Other independent variables affecting perceptions of quality include age, undergraduate versus graduate status, gender, ethnicity/race, discipline, educational motivation of students, and previous online experience. While age has been found to be small or insignificant, more notable effects have been reported at the level-of-study, with graduate students reporting higher "success" (Macon, 2011 ), and community college students having greater difficulty with online classes (Legon & Garrett, 2019 ; Xu & Jaggars, 2014 ). Ethnicity and race have also been small or insignificant. Some situational variations and student preferences can be captured by paying attention to disciplinary differences (Arbaugh, 2005 ; Macon, 2011 ). Motivation levels of students have been reported to be significant in completion and achievement, with better students doing as well across face-to-face and online modes, and weaker students having greater completion and achievement challenges (Clayton et al., 2018 ; Lu & Lemonde, 2013 ). Research methods To examine the various quality factors, we apply a critical success factor methodology, initially introduced to schools of business research in the 1970s. In 1981, Rockhart and Bullen codified an approach embodying principles of critical success factors (CSFs) as a way to identify the information needs of executives, detailing steps for the collection and analyzation of data to create a set of organizational CSFs (Rockhart & Bullen, 1981 ). CSFs describe the underlying or guiding principles which must be incorporated to ensure success. Utilizing this methodology, CSFs in the context of this paper define key areas of instruction and design essential for an online class to be successful from a student's perspective. Instructors implicitly know and consider these areas when setting up an online class and designing and directing activities and tasks important to achieving learning goals. CSFs make explicit those things good instructors may intuitively know and (should) do to enhance student learning. When made explicit, CSFs not only confirm the knowledge of successful instructors, but tap their intuition to guide and direct the accomplishment of quality instruction for entire programs. In addition, CSFs are linked with goals and objectives, helping generate a small number of truly important matters an instructor should focus attention on to achieve different thresholds of online success. After a comprehensive literature review, an instrument was created to measure students' perceptions about the importance of techniques and indicators leading to quality online classes. Items were designed to capture the major factors in the literature. The instrument was pilot studied during academic year 2017–18 with a 397 student sample, facilitating an exploratory factor analysis leading to important preliminary findings (reference withheld for review). Based on the pilot, survey items were added and refined to include seven groups of quality teaching factors and two groups of items related to students' overall acceptance of online classes as well as a variable on their future online class enrollment. Demographic information was gathered to determine their effects on students' levels of acceptance of online classes based on age, year in program, major, distance from university, number of online classes taken, high school experience with online classes, and communication preferences. This paper draws evidence from a sample of students enrolled in educational programs at Jack H. Brown College of Business and Public Administration (JHBC), California State University San Bernardino (CSUSB). The JHBC offers a wide range of online courses for undergraduate and graduate programs. To ensure comparable learning outcomes, online classes and face-to-face classes of a certain subject are similar in size—undergraduate classes are generally capped at 60 and graduate classes at 30, and often taught by the same instructors. Students sometimes have the option to choose between both face-to-face and online modes of learning. A Qualtrics survey link was sent out by 11 instructors to students who were unlikely to be cross-enrolled in classes during the 2018–19 academic year. 1 Approximately 2500 students were contacted, with some instructors providing class time to complete the anonymous survey. All students, whether they had taken an online class or not, were encouraged to respond. Nine hundred eighty-seven students responded, representing a 40% response rate. Although drawn from a single business school, it is a broad sample representing students from several disciplines—management, accounting and finance, marketing, information decision sciences, and public administration, as well as both graduate and undergraduate programs of study. The sample age of students is young, with 78% being under 30. The sample has almost no lower division students (i.e., freshman and sophomore), 73% upper division students (i.e., junior and senior) and 24% graduate students (master's level). Only 17% reported having taken a hybrid or online class in high school. There was a wide range of exposure to university level online courses, with 47% reporting having taken 1 to 4 classes, and 21% reporting no online class experience. As a Hispanic-serving institution, 54% self-identified as Latino, 18% White, and 13% Asian and Pacific Islander. The five largest majors were accounting & finance (25%), management (21%), master of public administration (16%), marketing (12%), and information decision sciences (10%). Seventy-four percent work full- or part-time. See Table 1 for demographic data. Measures and procedure To increase the reliability of evaluation scores, composite evaluation variables are formed after an exploratory factor analysis of individual evaluation items. A principle component method with Quartimin (oblique) rotation was applied to explore the factor construct of student perceptions of online teaching CSFs. The item correlations for student perceptions of importance coefficients greater than .30 were included, a commonly acceptable ratio in factor analysis. A simple least-squares regression analysis was applied to test the significance levels of factors on students' impression of online classes. Exploratory factor constructs Using a threshold loading of 0.3 for items, 37 items loaded on seven factors. All factors were logically consistent. The first factor, with eight items, was labeled Teaching Presence. Items included providing clear instructions, staying on task, clear deadlines, and customized feedback on strengths and weaknesses. Teaching Presence items all related to instructor involvement during the course as a director, monitor, and learning facilitator. The second factor, with seven items, aligned with Cognitive Presence. Items included stimulating curiosity, opportunities for reflection, helping students construct explanations posed in online courses, and the applicability of material. The third factor, with six items, aligned with Social Presence defined as providing student-to-student learning opportunities. Items included getting to know course participants for sense of belonging, forming impressions of other students, and interacting with others. The fourth factor, with six new items as well as two ("interaction with other students" and "a sense of community in the class") shared with the third factor, was Instructional Support which related to the instructor's roles in providing students a cohesive learning experience. They included providing sufficient rehearsal, structured feedback, techniques for communication, navigation guide, detailed syllabus, and coordinating student interaction and creating a sense of online community. This factor also included enthusiasm which students generally interpreted as a robustly designed course, rather than animation in a traditional lecture. The fifth factor was labeled Basic Online Modality and focused on the basic technological requirements for a functional online course. Three items included allowing students to make online submissions, use of online gradebooks, and online grading. A fourth item is the use of online quizzes, viewed by students as mechanical practice opportunities rather than small tests and a fifth is navigation, a key component of Online Modality. The sixth factor, loaded on four items, was labeled Online Social Comfort. Items here included comfort discussing ideas online, comfort disagreeing, developing a sense of collaboration via discussion, and considering online communication as an excellent medium for social interaction. The final factor was called Interactive Online Modality because it included items for "richer" communications or interactions, no matter whether one- or two-way. Items included videoconferencing, instructor-generated videos, and small group discussions. Taken together, these seven explained 67% of the variance which is considered in the acceptable range in social science research for a robust model (Hair, Black, Babin, & Anderson, 2014 ). See Table 2 for the full list. To test for factor reliability, the Cronbach alpha of variables were calculated. All produced values greater than 0.7, the standard threshold used for reliability, except for system trust which was therefore dropped. To gauge students' sense of factor importance, all items were means averaged. Factor means (lower means indicating higher importance to students), ranged from 1.5 to 2.6 on a 5-point scale. Basic Online Modality was most important, followed by Instructional Support and Teaching Presence. Students deemed Cognitive Presence, Social Online Comfort, and Online Interactive Modality less important. The least important for this sample was Social Presence. Table 3 arrays the critical success factor means, standard deviations, and Cronbach alpha. To determine whether particular subgroups of respondents viewed factors differently, a series of ANOVAs were conducted using factor means as dependent variables. Six demographic variables were used as independent variables: graduate vs. undergraduate, age, work status, ethnicity, discipline, and past online experience. To determine strength of association of the independent variables to each of the seven CSFs, eta squared was calculated for each ANOVA. Eta squared indicates the proportion of variance in the dependent variable explained by the independent variable. Eta squared values greater than .01, .06, and .14 are conventionally interpreted as small, medium, and large effect sizes, respectively (Green & Salkind, 2003 ). Table 4 summarizes the eta squared values for the ANOVA tests with Eta squared values less than .01 omitted. While no significant differences in factor means among students in different disciplines in the College occur, all five other independent variables have some small effect on some or all CSFs. Graduate students tend to rate Online Interactive Modality, Instructional Support, Teaching Presence, and Cognitive Presence higher than undergraduates. Elder students value more Online Interactive Modality. Full-time working students rate all factors, except Social Online Comfort, slightly higher than part-timers and non-working students. Latino and White rate Basic Online Modality and Instructional Support higher; Asian and Pacific Islanders rate Social Presence higher. Students who have taken more online classes rate all factors higher. In addition to factor scores, two variables are constructed to identify the resultant impressions labeled online experience. Both were logically consistent with a Cronbach's α greater than 0.75. The first variable, with six items, labeled "online acceptance," included items such as "I enjoy online learning," "My overall impression of hybrid/online learning is very good," and "the instructors of online/hybrid classes are generally responsive." The second variable was labeled "face-to-face preference" and combines four items, including enjoying, learning, and communicating more in face-to-face classes, as well as perceiving greater fairness and equity. In addition to these two constructed variables, a one-item variable was also used subsequently in the regression analysis: "online enrollment." That question asked: if hybrid/online classes are well taught and available, how much would online education make up your entire course selection going forward? Regression results As noted above, two constructed variables and one item were used as dependent variables for purposes of regression analysis. They were online acceptance, F2F preference, and the selection of online classes. In addition to seven quality-of-teaching factors identified by factor analysis, control variables included level of education (graduate versus undergraduate), age, ethnicity, work status, distance to university, and number of online/hybrid classes taken in the past. See Table 5 . When the ETA squared values for ANOVA significance were measured for control factors, only one was close to a medium effect. Graduate versus undergraduate status had a .05 effect (considered medium) related to Online Interactive Modality, meaning graduate students were more sensitive to interactive modality than undergraduates. Multiple regression analysis of critical success factors and online impressions were conducted to compare under what conditions factors were significant. The only consistently significant control factor was number of online classes taken. The more classes students had taken online, the more inclined they were to take future classes. Level of program, age, ethnicity, and working status do not significantly affect students' choice or overall acceptance of online classes. The least restrictive condition was online enrollment (Table 6 ). That is, students might not feel online courses were ideal, but because of convenience and scheduling might enroll in them if minimum threshold expectations were met. When considering online enrollment three factors were significant and positive (at the 0.1 level): Basic Online Modality, Cognitive Presence, and Online Social Comfort. These least-demanding students expected classes to have basic technological functionality, provide good opportunities for knowledge acquisition, and provide comfortable interaction in small groups. Students who demand good Instructional Support (e.g., rehearsal opportunities, standardized feedback, clear syllabus) are less likely to enroll. Online acceptance was more restrictive (see Table 7 ). This variable captured the idea that students not only enrolled in online classes out of necessity, but with an appreciation of the positive attributes of online instruction, which balanced the negative aspects. When this standard was applied, students expected not only Basic Online Modality, Cognitive Presence, and Online Social Comfort, but expected their instructors to be highly engaged virtually as the course progressed (Teaching Presence), and to create strong student-to-student dynamics (Social Presence). Students who rated Instructional Support higher are less accepting of online classes. Another restrictive condition was catering to the needs of students who preferred face-to-face classes (see Table 8 ). That is, they preferred face-to-face classes even when online classes were well taught. Unlike students more accepting of, or more likely to enroll in, online classes, this group rates Instructional Support as critical to enrolling, rather than a negative factor when absent. Again different from the other two groups, these students demand appropriate interactive mechanisms (Online Interactive Modality) to enable richer communication (e.g., videoconferencing). Student-to-student collaboration (Social Presence) was also significant. This group also rated Cognitive Presence and Online Social Comfort as significant, but only in their absence. That is, these students were most attached to direct interaction with the instructor and other students rather than specific teaching methods. Interestingly, Basic Online Modality and Teaching Presence were not significant. Our interpretation here is this student group, most critical of online classes for its loss of physical interaction, are beyond being concerned with mechanical technical interaction and demand higher levels of interactivity and instructional sophistication. Discussion and study limitations Some past studies have used robust empirical methods to identify a single factor or a small number of factors related to quality from a student's perspective, but have not sought to be relatively comprehensive. Others have used a longer series of itemized factors, but have less used less robust methods, and have not tied those factors back to the literature. This study has used the literature to develop a relatively comprehensive list of items focused on quality teaching in a single rigorous protocol. That is, while a Beta test had identified five coherent factors, substantial changes to the current survey that sharpened the focus on quality factors rather than antecedent factors, as well as better articulating the array of factors often lumped under the mantle of "teaching presence." In addition, it has also examined them based on threshold expectations: from minimal, such as when flexibility is the driving consideration, to modest, such as when students want a "good" online class, to high, when students demand an interactive virtual experience equivalent to face-to-face. Exploratory factor analysis identified seven factors that were reliable, coherent, and significant under different conditions. When considering students' overall sense of importance, they are, in order: Basic Online Modality, Instructional Support, Teaching Presence, Cognitive Presence, Social Online Comfort, Interactive Online Modality, and Social Presence. Students are most concerned with the basics of a course first, that is the technological and instructor competence. Next they want engagement and virtual comfort. Social Presence, while valued, is the least critical from this overall perspective. The factor analysis is quite consistent with the range of factors identified in the literature, pointing to the fact that students can differentiate among different aspects of what have been clumped as larger concepts, such as teaching presence. Essentially, the instructor's role in quality can be divided into her/his command of basic online functionality, good design, and good presence during the class. The instructor's command of basic functionality is paramount. Because so much of online classes must be built in advance of the class, quality of the class design is rated more highly than the instructor's role in facilitating the class. Taken as a whole, the instructor's role in traditional teaching elements is primary, as we would expect it to be. Cognitive presence, especially as pertinence of the instructional material and its applicability to student interests, has always been found significant when studied, and was highly rated as well in a single factor. Finally, the degree to which students feel comfortable with the online environment and enjoy the learner-learner aspect has been less supported in empirical studies, was found significant here, but rated the lowest among the factors of quality to students. Regression analysis paints a more nuanced picture, depending on student focus. It also helps explain some of the heterogeneity of previous studies, depending on what the dependent variables were. If convenience and scheduling are critical and students are less demanding, minimum requirements are Basic Online Modality, Cognitive Presence, and Online Social Comfort. That is, students' expect an instructor who knows how to use an online platform, delivers useful information, and who provides a comfortable learning environment. However, they do not expect to get poor design. They do not expect much in terms of the quality teaching presence, learner-to-learner interaction, or interactive teaching. When students are signing up for critical classes, or they have both F2F and online options, they have a higher standard. That is, they not only expect the factors for decisions about enrolling in noncritical classes, but they also expect good Teaching and Social Presence. Students who simply need a class may be willing to teach themselves a bit more, but students who want a good class expect a highly present instructor in terms responsiveness and immediacy. "Good" classes must not only create a comfortable atmosphere, but in social science classes at least, must provide strong learner-to-learner interactions as well. At the time of the research, most students believe that you can have a good class without high interactivity via pre-recorded video and videoconference. That may, or may not, change over time as technology thresholds of various video media become easier to use, more reliable, and more commonplace. The most demanding students are those who prefer F2F classes because of learning style preferences, poor past experiences, or both. Such students (seem to) assume that a worthwhile online class has basic functionality and that the instructor provides a strong presence. They are also critical of the absence of Cognitive Presence and Online Social Comfort. They want strong Instructional Support and Social Presence. But in addition, and uniquely, they expect Online Interactive Modality which provides the greatest verisimilitude to the traditional classroom as possible. More than the other two groups, these students crave human interaction in the learning process, both with the instructor and other students. These findings shed light on the possible ramifications of the COVID-19 aftermath. Many universities around the world jumped from relatively low levels of online instruction in the beginning of spring 2020 to nearly 100% by mandate by the end of the spring term. The question becomes, what will happen after the mandate is removed? Will demand resume pre-crisis levels, will it increase modestly, or will it skyrocket? Time will be the best judge, but the findings here would suggest that the ability/interest of instructors and institutions to "rise to the occasion" with quality teaching will have as much effect on demand as students becoming more acclimated to online learning. If in the rush to get classes online many students experience shoddy basic functional competence, poor instructional design, sporadic teaching presence, and poorly implemented cognitive and social aspects, they may be quite willing to return to the traditional classroom. If faculty and institutions supporting them are able to increase the quality of classes despite time pressures, then most students may be interested in more hybrid and fully online classes. If instructors are able to introduce high quality interactive teaching, nearly the entire student population will be interested in more online classes. Of course students will have a variety of experiences, but this analysis suggests that those instructors, departments, and institutions that put greater effort into the temporary adjustment (and who resist less), will be substantially more likely to have increases in demand beyond what the modest national trajectory has been for the last decade or so. There are several study limitations. First, the study does not include a sample of non-respondents. Non-responders may have a somewhat different profile. Second, the study draws from a single college and university. The profile derived here may vary significantly by type of student. Third, some survey statements may have led respondents to rate quality based upon experience rather than assess the general importance of online course elements. "I felt comfortable participating in the course discussions," could be revised to "comfort in participating in course discussions." The authors weighed differences among subgroups (e.g., among majors) as small and statistically insignificant. However, it is possible differences between biology and marketing students would be significant, leading factors to be differently ordered. Emphasis and ordering might vary at a community college versus research-oriented university (Gonzalez, 2009 ). 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Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative - Online education - Online teaching - Student perceptions - Online quality - Student presence - Open access - Published: 16 September 2021 Online learning during COVID-19 produced equivalent or better student course performance as compared with pre-pandemic: empirical evidence from a school-wide comparative study - Meixun Zheng 1 , - Daniel Bender 1 & - Cindy Lyon 1 BMC Medical Education volume 21 , Article number: 495 ( 2021 ) Cite this article 210k Accesses 77 Citations 115 Altmetric Metrics details The COVID-19 pandemic forced dental schools to close their campuses and move didactic instruction online. The abrupt transition to online learning, however, has raised several issues that have not been resolved. While several studies have investigated dental students' attitude towards online learning during the pandemic, mixed results have been reported. Additionally, little research has been conducted to identify and understand factors, especially pedagogical factors, that impacted students' acceptance of online learning during campus closure. Furthermore, how online learning during the pandemic impacted students' learning performance has not been empirically investigated. In March 2020, the dental school studied here moved didactic instruction online in response to government issued stay-at-home orders. This first-of-its-kind comparative study examined students' perceived effectiveness of online courses during summer quarter 2020, explored pedagogical factors impacting their acceptance of online courses, and empirically evaluated the impact of online learning on students' course performance, during the pandemic. The study employed a quasi-experimental design. Participants were 482 pre-doctoral students in a U.S dental school. Students' perceived effectiveness of online courses during the pandemic was assessed with a survey. Students' course grades for online courses during summer quarter 2020 were compared with that of a control group who received face-to-face instruction for the same courses before the pandemic in summer quarter 2019. Survey results revealed that most online courses were well accepted by the students, and 80 % of them wanted to continue with some online instruction post pandemic. Regression analyses revealed that students' perceived engagement with faculty and classmates predicted their perceived effectiveness of the online course. More notably, Chi Square tests demonstrated that in 16 out of the 17 courses compared, the online cohort during summer quarter 2020 was equally or more likely to get an A course grade than the analogous face-to-face cohort during summer quarter 2019. This is the first empirical study in dental education to demonstrate that online courses during the pandemic could achieve equivalent or better student course performance than the same pre-pandemic in-person courses. The findings fill in gaps in literature and may inform online learning design moving forward. Peer Review reports Research across disciplines has demonstrated that well-designed online learning can lead to students' enhanced motivation, satisfaction, and learning [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 ]. A report by the U.S. Department of Education [ 8 ], based on examinations of comparative studies of online and face-to-face versions of the same course from 1996 to 2008, concluded that online learning could produce learning outcomes equivalent to or better than face-to-face learning. The more recent systematic review by Pei and Wu [ 9 ] provided additional evidence that online learning is at least as effective as face-to-face learning for undergraduate medical students. To take advantage of the opportunities presented by online learning, thought leaders in dental education in the U.S. have advocated for the adoption of online learning in the nation's dental schools [ 10 , 11 , 12 ]. However, digital innovation has been a slow process in academic dentistry [ 13 , 14 , 15 ]. In March 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic brought unprecedented disruption to dental education by necessitating the need for online learning. In accordance with stay-at-home orders to prevent the spread of the virus, dental schools around the world closed their campuses and moved didactic instruction online. The abrupt transition to online learning, however, has raised several concerns and question. First, while several studies have examined dental students' online learning satisfaction during the pandemic, mixed results have been reported. Some studies have reported students' positive attitude towards online learning [ 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 ]. Sadid-Zadeh et al. [ 18 ] found that 99 % of the surveyed dental students at University of Buffalo, in the U.S., were satisfied with live web-based lectures during the pandemic. Schlenz et al. [ 15 ] reported that students in a German dental school had a favorable attitude towards online learning and wanted to continue with online instruction in their future curriculum. Other studies, however, have reported students' negative online learning experience during the pandemic [ 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 ]. For instance, dental students at Harvard University felt that learning during the pandemic had worsened and engagement had decreased [ 23 , 24 ]. In a study with medical and dental students in Pakistan, Abbasi et al. [ 21 ] found that 77 % of the students had negative perceptions about online learning and 84 % reported reduced student-instructor interactions. In addition to these mixed results, little attention has been given to factors affecting students' acceptance of online learning during the pandemic. With the likelihood that online learning will persist post pandemic [ 27 ], research in this area is warranted to inform online course design moving forward. In particular, prior research has demonstrated that one of the most important factors influencing students' performance in any learning environment is a sense of belonging, the feeling of being connected with and supported by the instructor and classmates [ 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 ]. Unfortunately, this aspect of the classroom experience has suffered during school closure. While educational events can be held using a video conferencing system, virtual peer interaction on such platforms has been perceived by medical trainees to be not as easy and personal as physical interaction [ 32 ]. The pandemic highlights the need to examine instructional strategies most suited to the current situation to support students' engagement with faculty and classmates. Furthermore, there is considerable concern from the academic community about the quality of online learning. Pre-pandemic, some faculty and students were already skeptical about the value of online learning [ 33 ]. The longer the pandemic lasts, the more they may question the value of online education, asking: Can online learning during the pandemic produce learning outcomes that are similar to face-to-face learning before the pandemic? Despite the documented benefits of online learning prior to the pandemic, the actual impact of online learning during the pandemic on students' academic performance is still unknown due to reasons outlined below. On one hand, several factors beyond the technology used could influence the effectiveness of online learning, one of which is the teaching context [ 34 ]. The sudden transition to online learning has posed many challenges to faculty and students. Faculty may not have had adequate time to carefully design online courses to take full advantage of the possibilities of the online format. Some faculty may not have had prior online teaching experience and experienced a deeper learning curve when it came to adopting online teaching methods [ 35 ]. Students may have been at the risk of increased anxiety due to concerns about contracting the virus, on time graduation, finances, and employment [ 36 , 37 ], which may have negatively impacted learning performance [ 38 ]. Therefore, whether online learning during the pandemic could produce learning outcomes similar to those of online learning implemented during more normal times remains to be determined. Most existing studies on online learning in dental education during the pandemic have only reported students' satisfaction. The actual impact of the online format on academic performance has not been empirically investigated. The few studies that have examined students' learning outcomes have only used students' self-reported data from surveys and focus groups. According to Kaczmarek et al. [ 24 ], 50 % of the participating dental faculty at Harvard University perceived student learning to have worsened during the pandemic and 70 % of the students felt the same. Abbasi et al. [ 21 ] reported that 86 % of medical and dental students in a Pakistan college felt that they learned less online. While student opinions are important, research has demonstrated a poor correlation between students' perceived learning and actual learning gains [ 39 ]. As we continue to navigate the "new normal" in teaching, students' learning performance needs to be empirically evaluated to help institutions gauge the impact of this grand online learning experiment. Research purposes In March 2020, the University of the Pacific Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, in the U.S., moved didactic instruction online to ensure the continuity of education during building closure. This study examined students' acceptance of online learning during the pandemic and its impacting factors, focusing on instructional practices pertaining to students' engagement/interaction with faculty and classmates. Another purpose of this study was to empirically evaluate the impact of online learning during the pandemic on students' actual course performance by comparing it with that of a pre-pandemic cohort. To understand the broader impact of the institutional-wide online learning effort, we examined all online courses offered in summer quarter 2020 (July to September) that had a didactic component. This is the first empirical study in dental education to evaluate students' learning performance during the pandemic. The study aimed to answer the following three questions. How well was online learning accepted by students, during the summer quarter 2020 pandemic interruption? How did instructional strategies, centered around students' engagement with faculty and classmates, impact their acceptance of online learning? How did online learning during summer quarter 2020 impact students' course performance as compared with a previous analogous cohort who received face-to-face instruction in summer quarter 2019? This study employed a quasi-experimental design. The study was approved by the university's institutional review board (#2020-68). Study context and participants The study was conducted at the Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific. The program runs on a quarter system. It offers a 3-year accelerated Doctor of Dental Surgery (DDS) program and a 2-year International Dental Studies (IDS) program for international dentists who have obtained a doctoral degree in dentistry from a country outside the U.S. and want to practice in the U.S. Students advance throughout the program in cohorts. IDS students take some courses together with their DDS peers. All three DDS classes (D1/DDS 2023, D2/DDS 2022, and D3/DDS 2021) and both IDS classes (I1/IDS 2022 and I2/IDS 2021) were invited to participate in the study. The number of students in each class was: D1 = 145, D2 = 143, D3 = 143, I1 = 26, and I2 = 25. This resulted in a total of 482 student participants. During campus closure, faculty delivered remote instruction in various ways, including live online classes via Zoom @ [ 40 ], self-paced online modules on the school's learning management system Canvas @ [ 41 ], or a combination of live and self-paced delivery. For self-paced modules, students studied assigned readings and/or viewings such as videos and pre-recorded slide presentations. Some faculty also developed self-paced online lessons with SoftChalk @ [ 42 ], a cloud-based platform that supports the inclusion of gamified learning by insertion of various mini learning activities. The SoftChalk lessons were integrated with Canvas @ [ 41 ] and faculty could monitor students' progress. After students completed the pre-assigned online materials, some faculty held virtual office hours or live online discussion sessions for students to ask questions and discuss key concepts. Data collection and analysis Student survey. Students' perceived effectiveness of summer quarter 2020 online courses was evaluated by the school's Office of Academic Affairs in lieu of the regular course evaluation process. A total of 19 courses for DDS students and 10 courses for IDS students were evaluated. An 8-question survey developed by the researchers (Additional file 1 ) was administered online in the last week of summer quarter 2020. Course directors invited student to take the survey during live online classes. The survey introduction stated that taking the survey was voluntary and that their anonymous responses would be reported in aggregated form for research purposes. Students were invited to continue with the survey if they chose to participate; otherwise, they could exit the survey. The number of students in each class who took the survey was as follows: D1 ( n = 142; 98 %), D2 ( n = 133; 93 %), D3 ( n = 61; 43 %), I1 ( n = 23; 88 %), and I2 ( n = 20; 80 %). This resulted in a total of 379 (79 %) respondents across all classes. The survey questions were on a 4-point scale, ranging from Strongly Disagree (1 point), Disagree (2 points), Agree (3 points), and Strongly Agree (4 points). Students were asked to rate each online course by responding to four statements: " I could fully engage with the instructor and classmates in this course"; "The online format of this course supported my learning"; "Overall this online course is effective.", and " I would have preferred face-to-face instruction for this course ". For the first three survey questions, a higher mean score indicated a more positive attitude toward the online course. For the fourth question " I would have preferred face-to-face instruction for this course ", a higher mean score indicated that more students would have preferred face-to-face instruction for the course. Two additional survey questions asked students to select their preferred online delivery method for fully online courses during the pandemic from three given choices (synchronous online/live, asynchronous online/self-paced, and a combination of both), and to report whether they wanted to continue with some online instruction post pandemic. Finally, two open-ended questions at the end of the survey allowed students to comment on the aspects of online format that they found to be helpful and to provide suggestion for improvement. For the purpose of this study, we focused on the quantitative data from the Likert-scale questions. Descriptive data such as the mean scores were reported for each course. Regression analyses were conducted to examine the relationship between instructional strategies focusing on students' engagement with faculty and classmates, and their overall perceived effectiveness of the online course. The independent variable was student responses to the question " I could fully engage with the instructor and classmates in this course ", and the dependent variable was their answer to the question " Overall, this online course is effective ." Student course grades Using Chi-square tests, student course grade distributions (A, B, C, D, and F) for summer quarter 2020 online courses were compared with that of a previous cohort who received face-to-face instruction for the same course in summer quarter 2019. Note that as a result of the school's pre-doctoral curriculum redesign implemented in July 2019, not all courses offered in summer quarter 2020 were offered in the previous year in summer quarter 2019. In other words, some of the courses offered in summer quarter 2020 were new courses offered for the first time. Because these new courses did not have a previous face-to-face version to compare to, they were excluded from data analysis. For some other courses, while course content remained the same between 2019 and 2020, the sequence of course topics within the course had changed. These courses were also excluded from data analysis. After excluding the aforementioned courses, it resulted in a total of 17 "comparable" courses that were included in data analysis (see the subsequent section). For these courses, the instructor, course content, and course goals were the same in both 2019 and 2020. The assessment methods and grading policies also remained the same through both years. For exams and quizzes, multiple choice questions were the dominating format for both years. While some exam questions in 2020 were different from 2019, faculty reported that the overall exam difficulty level was similar. The main difference in assessment was testing conditions. The 2019 cohort took computer-based exams in the physical classroom with faculty proctoring, and the 2020 cohort took exams at home with remote proctoring to ensure exam integrity. The remote proctoring software monitored the student during the exam through a web camera on their computer/laptop. The recorded video file flags suspicious activities for faculty review after exam completion. Students' perceived effectiveness of online learning Table 1 summarized data on DDS students' perceived effectiveness of each online course during summer quarter 2020. For the survey question " Overall, this online course is effective ", the majority of courses received a mean score that was approaching or over 3 points on the 4-point scale, suggesting that online learning was generally well accepted by students. Despite overall positive online course experiences, for many of the courses examined, there was an equal split in student responses to the question " I would have preferred face-to-face instruction for this course ." Additionally, for students' preferred online delivery method for fully online courses, about half of the students in each class preferred a combination of synchronous and asynchronous online learning (see Fig. 1 ). Finally, the majority of students wanted faculty to continue with some online instruction post pandemic: D1class (110; 78.60 %), D2 class (104; 80 %), and D3 class (49; 83.10 %). While most online courses received favorable ratings, some variations did exist among courses. For D1 courses, " Anatomy & Histology " received lower ratings than others. This could be explained by its lab component, which didn't lend itself as well to the online format. For D2 courses, several of them received lower ratings than others, especially for the survey question on students' perceived engagement with faculty and classmates. DDS students' preferred online delivery method for fully online courses Table 2 summarized IDS students' perceived effectiveness of each online course during summer quarter 2020. For the survey question " Overall, this online course is effective ", all courses received a mean score that was approaching or over 3 points on a 4-point scale, suggesting that online learning was well accepted by students. For the survey question " I would have preferred face-to-face instruction for this course ", for most online courses examined, the percentage of students who would have preferred face-to-face instruction was similar to that of students who preferred online instruction for the course. Like their DDS peers, about half of the IDS students in each class also preferred a combination of synchronous and asynchronous online delivery for fully online courses (See Fig. 2 ). Finally, the majority of IDS students (I1, n = 18, 81.80 %; I2, n = 16, 84.20 %) wanted to continue with some online learning after the pandemic is over. IDS students' preferred online delivery method for fully online courses Factors impacting students' acceptance of online learning For all 19 online courses taken by DDS students, regression analyses indicated that there was a significantly positive relationship between students' perceived engagement with faculty and classmates and their perceived effectiveness of the course. P value was 0.00 across all courses. The ranges of effect size (r 2 ) were: D1 courses (0.26 to 0.50), D2 courses (0.39 to 0.650), and D3 courses (0.22 to 0.44), indicating moderate to high correlations across courses. For 9 out of the 10 online courses taken by IDS students, there was a positive relationship between students' perceived engagement with faculty and classmates and their perceived effectiveness of the course. P value was 0.00 across courses. The ranges of effect size were: I1 courses (0.35 to 0.77) and I2 courses (0.47 to 0.63), indicating consistently high correlations across courses. The only course in which students' perceived engagement with faculty and classmates didn't predict perceived effective of the course was " Integrated Clinical Science III (ICS III) ", which the I2 class took together with their D3 peers. Impact of online learning on students' course performance Chi square test results (Table 3 ) indicated that in 4 out of the 17 courses compared, the online cohort during summer quarter 2020 was more likely to receive an A grade than the face-to-face cohort during summer quarter 2019. In 12 of the courses, the online cohort were equally likely to receive an A grade as the face-to-face cohort. In the remaining one course, the online cohort was less likely to receive an A grade than the face-to-face cohort. Students' acceptance of online learning during the pandemic Survey results revealed that students had generally positive perceptions about online learning during the pandemic and the majority of them wanted to continue with some online learning post pandemic. Overall, our findings supported several other studies in dental [ 18 , 20 ], medical [ 43 , 44 ], and nursing [ 45 ] education that have also reported students' positive attitudes towards online learning during the pandemic. In their written comments in the survey, students cited enhanced flexibility as one of the greatest benefits of online learning. Some students also commented that typing questions in the chat box during live online classes was less intimidating than speaking in class. Others explicitly stated that not having to commute to/from school provided more time for sleep, which helped with self-care and mental health. Our findings are in line with previous studies which have also demonstrated that online learning offered higher flexibility [ 46 , 47 ]. Meanwhile, consistent with findings of other researchers [ 19 , 21 , 46 ], our students felt difficulty engaging with faculty and classmates in several online courses. There were some variations among individual courses in students' acceptance of the online format. One factor that could partially account for the observed differences was instructional strategies. In particular, our regression analysis results demonstrated a positive correlation between students' perceived engagement with faculty and classmates and their perceived overall effectiveness of the online course. Other aspects of course design might also have influenced students' overall rating of the online course. For instance, some D2 students commented that the requirements of the course " Integrated Case-based Seminars (ICS II) " were not clear and that assessment did not align with lecture materials. It is important to remember that communicating course requirements clearly and aligning course content and assessment are principles that should be applied in any course, whether face-to-face or online. Our results highlighted the importance of providing faculty training on basic educational design principles and online learning design strategies. Furthermore, the nature of the course might also have impacted student ratings. For example, D1 course " Anatomy and Histology " had a lab component, which did not lend itself as well to the online format. Many students reported that it was difficult to see faculty's live demonstration during Zoom lectures, which may have resulted in a lower student satisfaction rating. As for students' preferred online delivery method for fully online courses during the pandemic, about half of them preferred a combination of synchronous and asynchronous online learning. In light of this finding, as we continue with remote learning until public health directives allow a return to campus, we will encourage faculty to integrate these two online delivery modalities. Finally, in view of the result that over 80 % of the students wanted to continue with some online instruction after the pandemic, the school will advocate for blended learning in the post-pandemic world [ 48 ]. For future face-to-face courses on campus after the pandemic, faculty are encouraged to deliver some content online to reduce classroom seat time and make learning more flexible. Taken together, our findings not only add to the overall picture of the current situation but may inform learning design moving forward. Role of online engagement and interaction To reiterate, we found that students' perceived engagement with faculty and classmates predicted their perceived overall effectiveness of the online course. This aligns with the larger literature on best practices in online learning design. Extensive research prior to the pandemic has confirmed that the effectiveness of online learning is determined by a number of factors beyond the tools used, including students' interactions with the instructor and classmates [ 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 ]. Online students may feel isolated due to reduced or lack of interaction [ 53 , 54 ]. Therefore, in designing online learning experiences, it is important to remember that learning is a social process [ 55 ]. Faculty's role is not only to transmit content but also to promote the different types of interactions that are an integral part of the online learning process [ 33 ]. The online teaching model in which faculty uploads materials online but teach it in the same way as in the physical classroom, without special effort to engage students, doesn't make the best use of the online format. Putting the "sage on the screen" during a live class meeting on a video conferencing system is not different from "sage on the stage" in the physical classroom - both provide limited space for engagement. Such one-way monologue devalues the potentials that online learning presents. In light of the critical role that social interaction plays in online learning, faculty are encouraged to use the interactive features of online learning platforms to provide clear channels for student-instructor and student-student interactions. In the open-ended comments, students highlighted several instructional strategies that they perceived to be helpful for learning. For live online classes, these included conducting breakout room activities, using the chat box to facilitate discussions, polling, and integrating gameplay with apps such as Kahoot! @ [ 56 ]. For self-paced classes, students appreciated that faculty held virtual office hours or subsequent live online discussion sessions to reinforce understanding of the pre-assigned materials. Quality of online education during the pandemic This study provided empirical evidence in dental education that it was possible to ensure the continuity of education without sacrificing the quality of education provided to students during forced migration to distance learning upon building closure. To reiterate, in all but one online course offered in summer quarter 2020, students were equally or more likely to get an A grade than the face-to-face cohort from summer quarter 2019. Even for courses that had less student support for the online format (e.g., the D1 course " Anatomy and Histology "), there was a significant increase in the number of students who earned an A grade in 2020 as compared with the previous year. The reduced capacity for technical training during the pandemic may have resulted in more study time for didactic content. Overall, our results resonate with several studies in health sciences education before the pandemic that the quality of learning is comparable in face-to-face and online formats [ 9 , 57 , 58 ]. For the only course ( Integrated Case-based Seminars ICS II) in which the online cohort had inferior performance than the face-to-face cohort, as mentioned earlier, students reported that assessment was not aligned with course materials and that course expectations were not clear. This might explain why students' course performance was not as strong as expected. This study used a pre-existing control group from the previous year. There may have been individual differences between students in the online and the face-to-face cohorts, such as motivation, learning style, and prior knowledge, that could have impacted the observed outcomes. Additionally, even though course content and assessment methods were largely the same in 2019 and 2020, changes in other aspects of the course could have impacted students' course performance. Some faculty may have been more compassionate with grading (e.g., more flexible with assignment deadlines) in summer quarter 2020 given the hardship students experienced during the pandemic. On the other hand, remote proctoring in summer quarter 2020 may have heightened some students' exam anxiety knowing that they were being monitored through a webcam. The existence and magnitude of effect of these factors needs to be further investigated. This present study only examined the correlation between students' perceived online engagement and their perceived overall effectiveness of the online course. Other factors that might impact their acceptance of the online format need to be further researched in future studies. Another future direction is to examine how students' perceived online engagement correlates with their actual course performance. Because the survey data collected for our present study are anonymous, we cannot match students' perceived online engagement data with their course grades to run this additional analysis. It should also be noted that this study was focused on didactic online instruction. Future studies might examine how technical training was impacted during the COVID building closure. It was also out of the scope of this study to examine how student characteristics, especially high and low academic performance as reflected by individual grades, affects their online learning experience and performance. We plan to conduct a follow-up study to examine which group of students are most impacted by the online format. Finally, this study was conducted in a single dental school, and so the findings may not be generalizable to other schools and disciplines. Future studies could be conducted in another school or disciplines to compare results. This study revealed that dental students had generally favorable attitudes towards online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic and that their perceived engagement with faculty and classmates predicted their acceptance of the online course. 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Computer-based teaching is as good as face to face lecture-based teaching of evidence-based medicine: a randomized controlled trial. Med Teach. 2008; 30(3): 302–307. Download references Not applicable. Authors' information MZ is an Associate Professor of Learning Sciences and Senior Instructional Designer at School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific. She has a PhD in Education, with a specialty on learning sciences and technology. She has dedicated her entire career to conducting research on online learning, learning technology, and faculty development. Her research has resulted in several peer-reviewed publications in medical, dental, and educational technology journals. MZ has also presented regularly at national conferences. DB is an Assistant Dean for Academic Affairs at School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific. He has an EdD degree in education, with a concentration on learning and instruction. Over the past decades, DB has been overseeing and delivering faculty pedagogical development programs to dental faculty. His research interest lies in educational leadership and instructional innovation. DB has co-authored several peer-reviewed publications in health sciences education and presented regularly at national conferences. CL is Associate Dean of Oral Healthcare Education, School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific. She has a Doctor of Dental Surgery (DDS) degree and an EdD degree with a focus on educational leadership. Her professional interest lies in educational leadership, oral healthcare education innovation, and faculty development. CL has co-authored several publications in peer-reviewed journals in health sciences education and presented regularly at national conferences. Author information Authors and affiliations. Office of Academic Affairs, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, CA, San Francisco, USA Meixun Zheng, Daniel Bender & Cindy Lyon You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar MZ analyzed the data and wrote the initial draft of the manuscript. DB and CL both provided assistance with research design, data collection, and reviewed and edited the manuscript. The author(s) read and approved the final manuscript. Corresponding author Correspondence to Meixun Zheng . Ethics declarations Ethics approval and consent to participate. The study was approved by the institutional review board at University of the Pacific in the U.S. (#2020-68). Informed consent was obtained from all participants. All methods were carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations. Consent for publication Competing interests. The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Additional information Publisher's note. 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BMC Med Educ 21 , 495 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-021-02909-z Download citation Received : 31 March 2021 Accepted : 26 August 2021 Published : 16 September 2021 DOI : https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-021-02909-z Share this article Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative - Dental education - Online learning - COVID-19 pandemic - Instructional strategies - Interaction - Learning performance BMC Medical Education - Submission enquiries: [email protected] - General enquiries: [email protected] - Share full article Supported by Student Opinion Is Online Learning Effective? A new report found that the heavy dependence on technology during the pandemic caused "staggering" education inequality. What was your experience? By Natalie Proulx During the coronavirus pandemic, many schools moved classes online. Was your school one of them? If so, what was it like to attend school online? Did you enjoy it? Did it work for you? In " Dependence on Tech Caused 'Staggering' Education Inequality, U.N. Agency Says ," Natasha Singer writes: In early 2020, as the coronavirus spread, schools around the world abruptly halted in-person education. To many governments and parents, moving classes online seemed the obvious stopgap solution. In the United States, school districts scrambled to secure digital devices for students. Almost overnight, videoconferencing software like Zoom became the main platform teachers used to deliver real-time instruction to students at home. Now a report from UNESCO , the United Nations' educational and cultural organization, says that overreliance on remote learning technology during the pandemic led to "staggering" education inequality around the world. It was, according to a 655-page report that UNESCO released on Wednesday, a worldwide "ed-tech tragedy." The report, from UNESCO's Future of Education division, is likely to add fuel to the debate over how governments and local school districts handled pandemic restrictions, and whether it would have been better for some countries to reopen schools for in-person instruction sooner. The UNESCO researchers argued in the report that "unprecedented" dependence on technology — intended to ensure that children could continue their schooling — worsened disparities and learning loss for hundreds of millions of students around the world, including in Kenya, Brazil, Britain and the United States. The promotion of remote online learning as the primary solution for pandemic schooling also hindered public discussion of more equitable, lower-tech alternatives, such as regularly providing schoolwork packets for every student, delivering school lessons by radio or television — and reopening schools sooner for in-person classes, the researchers said. "Available evidence strongly indicates that the bright spots of the ed-tech experiences during the pandemic, while important and deserving of attention, were vastly eclipsed by failure," the UNESCO report said. The UNESCO researchers recommended that education officials prioritize in-person instruction with teachers, not online platforms, as the primary driver of student learning. And they encouraged schools to ensure that emerging technologies like A.I. chatbots concretely benefited students before introducing them for educational use. Education and industry experts welcomed the report, saying more research on the effects of pandemic learning was needed. "The report's conclusion — that societies must be vigilant about the ways digital tools are reshaping education — is incredibly important," said Paul Lekas, the head of global public policy for the Software & Information Industry Association, a group whose members include Amazon, Apple and Google. "There are lots of lessons that can be learned from how digital education occurred during the pandemic and ways in which to lessen the digital divide. " Jean-Claude Brizard, the chief executive of Digital Promise, a nonprofit education group that has received funding from Google, HP and Verizon, acknowledged that "technology is not a cure-all." But he also said that while school systems were largely unprepared for the pandemic, online education tools helped foster "more individualized, enhanced learning experiences as schools shifted to virtual classrooms." Education International, an umbrella organization for about 380 teachers' unions and 32 million teachers worldwide, said the UNESCO report underlined the importance of in-person, face-to-face teaching. "The report tells us definitively what we already know to be true, a place called school matters," said Haldis Holst, the group's deputy general secretary. "Education is not transactional nor is it simply content delivery. It is relational. It is social. It is human at its core." Students, read the entire article and then tell us: What findings from the report, if any, surprised you? If you participated in online learning during the pandemic, what in the report reflected your experience? If the researchers had asked you about what remote learning was like for you, what would you have told them? At this point, most schools have returned to in-person teaching, but many still use technology in the classroom. How much tech is involved in your day-to-day education? Does this method of learning work well for you? If you had a say, would you want to spend more or less time online while in school? What are some of the biggest benefits you have seen from technology when it comes to your education? What are some of the biggest drawbacks? Haldis Holst, UNESCO's deputy general secretary, said: "The report tells us definitively what we already know to be true, a place called school matters. Education is not transactional nor is it simply content delivery. It is relational. It is social. It is human at its core." What is your reaction to that statement? Do you agree? Why or why not? As a student, what advice would you give to schools that are already using or are considering using educational technology? Students 13 and older in the United States and Britain, and 16 and older elsewhere, are invited to comment. All comments are moderated by the Learning Network staff, but please keep in mind that once your comment is accepted, it will be made public and may appear in print. Find more Student Opinion questions here. Teachers, check out this guide to learn how you can incorporate these prompts into your classroom. Natalie Proulx joined The Learning Network as a staff editor in 2017 after working as an English language arts teacher and curriculum writer. More about Natalie Proulx - Announcements - About AOSIS HTS Teologiese Studies/Theological Studies - Editorial Team - Submission Procedures - Submission Guidelines - Submit and Track Manuscript - Publication fees - Make a payment - Journal Information - Journal Policies - Frequently Asked Questions - Reviewer Guidelines - Article RSS - Support Enquiry (Login required) - Aosis Newsletter Open Journal Systems Original research, religious confusion and emptiness: evaluating the impact of online islamic learning among indonesian muslim adolescents, about the author(s). Internet-based religious learning has presented a new face to the diversity of Muslim youth. This article aims to analyse and evaluate Muslim youth's understanding, attitudes, and religious practices and demonstrate the impact of internet-based Islamic learning. As many as 23 Muslim youths in Jepara, Central Java, aged 17–20 years, became the informants of this study. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and observations. Further research data were analysed descriptively and interpretatively. This study found that most Muslim youths who studied Islam online experienced confusion and emptiness in religion caused by an incomplete learning process. Most Muslim youths do not have solid theological views, pseudo-worship practices and weak religious ideologies. This study suggests that teenagers acquire essential Islamic knowledge from credible sources such as kyai with clear scientific credentials. This foundation enables them to discern reliable Islamic content in cyberspace, safeguarding against distortions in their understanding of Islam and spirituality. Contribution: This research provides a more comprehensive understanding of the complexities of the impact of internet-based learning on the diverse experiences of Muslim youth. 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Enroll by May 17 for the May 20 start and we'll credit $50-100 back to you! Enroll Today Librarian-Recommended AI Tools and Prompts for Research May 09, 2024 Senior Assistant Librarian Used thoughtfully and ethically, artificial intelligence (AI) tools can enhance learning and save time during the research process. The next time you need to brainstorm, generate synonyms for a keyword search or find relevant sources, try an AI chatbot (such as ChatGPT , Perplexity or Gemini ) and use a prompt like one of those suggested below. Please remember to use AI tools responsibly and read your institution's AI guidelines before using an AI tool for an assignment. Brainstorming Topics Ask your favorite AI chatbot to help you generate ideas for your topic. Here are some prompt examples: "I need ideas for my research project on artificial intelligence in medicine. Can you suggest some potential research questions or topics?" "I'm writing a blog post about textile design. Could you help me brainstorm industry trends?" "How have recent developments in technology impacted early childhood education?" Generating Synonyms AI chatbots are excellent at providing synonyms that you can use in your keyword searches. "Can you suggest synonyms for the term 'online learning'?" "Can you suggest other ways to write 'teacher shortage'?" Understanding Complex Topics Ask an AI chatbot to simplify topics so that they are easier to understand. "Can you explain a neural network in simple terms?" "What is the difference between artificial intelligence and machine learning, and how are they applied in real-world scenarios? Please explain it to me as if I am 10 years old." Summarizing Articles If you find an open access article or one that is available on the internet, you can ask the AI chatbot to summarize it for you. Please note: Articles found in the ACE Library cannot be uploaded into AI tools as it violates copyright policy. "Can you summarize the key findings of the following article?" "Please provide a concise summary of the main arguments presented in this research paper about renewable energy." Finding Sources AI tools can generate a list of articles, papers and other sources that might be relevant to your research. AI tools such as SciSpace and LitMaps help you find additional research articles quickly. You enter a detailed research question or the DOI of an article and the tool recommends other articles on the topic as well as similar topics. Not all the articles will be fully accessible, but you can then search for those articles in the library or request them through interlibrary loan. You should always find the original source of the material before using it in your research. Cite Your Source If you directly quote or paraphrase information obtained from an AI tool, make sure you follow your institutional guidelines on how to cite it as a source. While the American Psychological Association (APA) has not released official guidelines on citing generative AI yet, a recent post on the APA Style Blog provides guidance on citing ChatGPT and is adaptable to other AI tools. AI chatbots are just one tool among many that you can use for your research, but they could help save you time at the beginning of the research process. Try experimenting with one of the many options available to see if adding an AI tool to your digital toolbox is right for you. American College of Education provides you with up-to-date resources and strategies to help you make the most of your learning. Learn more about our student support here . Meg received an MLS in Library Science from Texas Woman's University in 2020, specializing in academic libraries and information literacy instruction for adults. She was previously a marketing and communications professional working in the fields of energy, healthcare, education and IT. Meg lives in Austin, Texas with her husband, teenaged son, two cats and a dog. When she's not volunteering for local school theatre programs, Meg enjoys creating elaborate costumes for her son and driving her husband crazy. Share this: Related posts, struggling with academic research 6 tips from a college librarian. April 25, 2024 Five Tips to Stay Motivated During an Online Degree Program April 23, 2024 The Best Leaders are Learners February 27, 2024 Journaling: The Write Way to Start Your Day August 29, 2023 The Secret to Being More Focused and Productive While Working October 19, 2022 share this! April 30, 2024 This article has been reviewed according to Science X's editorial process and policies . Editors have highlighted the following attributes while ensuring the content's credibility: peer-reviewed publication trusted source Should online educational platforms offer courses following a schedule or release them on demand? by Marilyn Stone, American Marketing Association Researchers from Carnegie Mellon University and University of Pennsylvania have published a new Journal of Marketing study that examines online educational platforms and the question of whether they should release content through a scheduled format that resembles a traditional university course or use an on-demand release strategy. The study is titled "More Likely to Pay but Less Engaged: The Effects of Switching Online Courses from Scheduled to On-Demand Release on User Behavior" and is authored by Joy Lu, Eric T. Bradlow, and J. Wesley Hutchinson. In 2011, the online education industry catered to around 300,000 consumers. In 2021, it served 220 million, thanks in part to increased enrollment during the COVID-19 pandemic. Traditional universities and institutions are increasingly adopting hybrid course formats. For example, the number of full-time online MBA students surpassed in-person MBA students for the first time in the 2020-21 academic year. Today, online educational platforms like Coursera and edX offer a range of flexible course content, but these firms are faced with a tricky question: Should they release content through a scheduled format that resembles a traditional university course with a subset of lectures and quizzes available at the start of each week, or should they follow in the footsteps of Netflix and Hulu with an on-demand release strategy where all the material is immediately available upon registration? This new article finds that the choice of format for content release not only impacts overall user engagement and firm revenue but also user performance and learning outcomes. The researchers studied over 67,000 users taking an introductory marketing course on Coursera consisting of 32 short lecture videos and four quizzes. The study took advantage of a natural experiment policy change where the platform switched the course from a scheduled format to an on-demand release format while keeping the actual content the same. The scheduled format closely resembled a traditional university course, with some of the study material available at the beginning of each week for four weeks. In the on-demand format, all four weeks of content was made available upon registration. All users could take the course for free or opt into paying for a completion certificate, either as a one-time fee in the scheduled format or a monthly subscription in the on-demand format. More users, less engagement The study's findings show that the switch to on-demand content doubled the percentage of paying users from 14% to 28%. Lu explains that "the on-demand format was successful in increasing short-term firm revenue by bringing in more paying users. On the downside, the switch resulted in significantly lower lecture completion rates and lower quiz performance." The on-demand format also negatively impacted downstream platform engagement. The marketing course was promoted in a "Business Foundations" set with three other courses on operations, accounting, and finance. "Compared to users in the scheduled format, those in the on-demand format ended up taking one or two fewer additional courses six months after the focal marketing course," says Bradlow. Analysis of user activity reveals two new learning patterns: - A subset (13%) of users in the on-demand format continued to return and take quizzes well beyond the recommended four-week course period. The greater flexibility in the on-demand content release and payment structure likely enabled these users to "stretch out" their consumption. - The on-demand format increased the practice of binging—with user activity being clumped together (i.e., more binging) as compared to being evenly spaced out (i.e., less binging). In the scheduled format, binging was negatively related to course performance, which is consistent with the intuition that binging reflects procrastination or cramming. However, in the on-demand format, binging was positively related to performance, suggesting that on-demand users may binge as a form of strategic time management by setting aside time to consume in spurts. Real-world implications This study offers vital lessons for chief marketing officers in the online education space: - The switch to the on-demand format attracted a set of users who were more likely to pay, but were less engaged in the course. On-demand content is potentially helpful at bringing in a new user segment or expanding the current user base, similar to universities offering concurrent hybrid MBAs that cater to busy students with full-time jobs. Managers must consider the trade-off between offering structure versus flexibility and may even consider offering different content release options simultaneously but at different price points by emphasizing their unique features. - Platforms may need to adapt their content to account for users who binge on content and others who space it out over time. For example, firms can include more recaps or reviews to reduce frustration resulting from users forgetting content. It may even be a viable strategy to embrace the prevalence of binging among users by highlighting or designing sets of lectures that are "bingeable" versus more modular. - Many online platforms offer episodic content that may be released in installments and thus need to make decisions regarding the content release format. "Our study provides insights that help managers anticipate the potential consequences of such decisions," says Hutchinson. "On-demand content offers clear short-term benefits in terms of increased revenue but potentially long-term costs in terms of decreased engagement and new challenges in maintaining user engagement." 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More information Privacy policy Donate and enjoy an ad-free experience We keep our content available to everyone. Consider supporting Science X's mission by getting a premium account. E-mail newsletter Learning from Ricardo and Thompson: Machinery and Labor in the Early Industrial Revolution, and in the Age of AI David Ricardo initially believed machinery would help workers but revised his opinion, likely based on the impact of automation in the textile industry. Despite cotton textiles becoming one of the largest sectors in the British economy, real wages for cotton weavers did not rise for decades. As E.P. Thompson emphasized, automation forced workers into unhealthy factories with close surveillance and little autonomy. Automation can increase wages, but only when accompanied by new tasks that raise the marginal productivity of labor and/or when there is sufficient additional hiring in complementary sectors. Wages are unlikely to rise when workers cannot push for their share of productivity growth. Today, artificial intelligence may boost average productivity, but it also may replace many workers while degrading job quality for those who remain employed. As in Ricardo's time, the impact of automation on workers today is more complex than an automatic linkage from higher productivity to better wages. The authors are co-directors of the MIT Shaping the Future of Work Initiative, which was established through a generous gift from the Hewlett Foundation. Relevant disclosures are available at shapingwork.mit.edu/power-and-progress, under "Policy Summary." For their outstanding work, we thank Gavin Alcott (research and drafting), Julia Regier (editing), and Hilary McClellen (fact-checking). We also thank Joel Mokyr for his helpful comments. The views expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Bureau of Economic Research. We are grateful to David Autor for useful comments. We gratefully acknowledge financial support from Toulouse Network on Information Technology, Google, Microsoft, IBM, the Sloan Foundation and the Smith Richardson Foundation. MARC RIS BibTeΧ Download Citation Data More from NBER In addition to working papers , the NBER disseminates affiliates' latest findings through a range of free periodicals — the NBER Reporter , the NBER Digest , the Bulletin on Retirement and Disability , the Bulletin on Health , and the Bulletin on Entrepreneurship — as well as online conference reports , video lectures , and interviews . 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See the conference homepage for updates and calls for participation in these tracks. Experiments: As in past years, the program chairs will be measuring the quality and effectiveness of the review process via randomized controlled experiments. All experiments are independently reviewed and approved by an Institutional Review Board (IRB). Financial Aid: Each paper may designate up to one (1) NeurIPS.cc account email address of a corresponding student author who confirms that they would need the support to attend the conference, and agrees to volunteer if they get selected. To be considered for Financial the student will also need to fill out the Financial Aid application when it becomes available.
Read more about Real Estate This is a pertinent question; not everyone can shell out all the money that's needed to purchase a house in one go. Here, we'll go over 4 ways to finance your home purchase in Nigeria. Housing Schemes This approach involves the potential homeowner saving up for their home over time via a 'contributory savings scheme'; when they have attained a certain threshold of savings, they will qualify to apply for a loan which will enable them to get the home they want. The greater the savings they've made, the higher the loan amount they can apply for or be granted. An example of a housing scheme in Nigeria is the National Housing Fund (NHF), to which workers in Nigeria may contribute 2.5% of their salaries, in the hopes of eventually qualifying for a housing loan from the Federal Mortgage Bank of Nigeria (FMBN).Cooperative Societies Here, a group of people contribute the funds to a common pool which is used to buy property. Upon purchase, the property may be shared amongst the members of the cooperative or rented out so that it generates income for them. Typically, members are expected to contribute a certain amount of money to be eligible for ownership of a house. This model is particularly suitable for low-income earners, who do not have the funds to acquire a house on their own. However, there's the risk that some members may default on their contributions, making it difficult for the broader group to finance the purchase of property.Sign up for the Connect Nigeria daily newsletter Mortgage Financing Mortgage financing means that a financial institution—usually a mortgage bank –provides a loan to an intending homeowner, with which that person purchases a house. Typically, the house serves as the collateral for the loan; the lending institution can take over it if the debtor is unable to meet the terms of the mortgage on or before the agreed-upon deadline. In most cases, the lender (bank) will require that the home buyer contributes at least a fraction of the total cost of the house. This financing option isn't the most popular of the options available, partly because mortgages in Nigeria often come with double-digit interest rates.Rental Purchase If you're keen on quickly moving into the house you're still trying to purchase, you could go for the rental purchase route (also known as rent-to-own). In this case, you'll enter into a lease agreement with the landlord, which will allow you to rent the house for a fee and take over ownership at the end of the lease period if you decide to do so. The amount paid to the landlord for the lease includes a sum that reflects the purchase price of the house. If you do decide to buy the house, that amount will be deducted from the money you pay to acquire it.Register to attend the CN Business Mixer Final Words As we said at the start of this article, you don't need to have all the funds for purchasing a home at your disposal before you're able to do so. You can go with one of the four tracks we've discussed here to secure a house of your own.Got a suggestion? Contact us: firstname.lastname@example.com You might also like: - Challenges and Opportunities for Traditional Real Estate Players in PropTech - How the Nigerian Government Can Prevent Unapproved Constructions - 6 Property Selling Strategies for Nigerian Homeowners - 8 Lucrative Business Ideas that Intersect Blockchain and Real Estate
Research Article Maternal and Perinatal Outcomes Among Women Underwent Second-Stage Versus First-Stage Caesarean Delivery at Ibrahim Malik Hospital in Sudan Azza Jaafar Bashir1, Rihab Jaafar Ibrahim2, Yassir Ahmed Mohammed Elhassan3, Awad Ali M Alawad4 and Siddig Omer M Handady2* 1Department of Obstetrical and Gynecology, Omdurman Maternity hospital, Sudan 2Department of Obstetrical and Gynecology, Ibrahim Malik hospital, Sudan 3Department of Anatomy, University of Kordofan, Sudan 4Faculties of Medicine, University of Medical Sciences and Technology, Sudan Siddig Omer M Handady, Department of Obstetrical & Gynecology, Ibrahim Malik hospital, Khartoum, Sudan. Received Date: October 29, 2018; Published Date: November 26, 2018 Background: Second-stage caesarean is more technically difficult due to deep engagement of the fetal head, and this is associated with increased risk of maternal morbidity such as (surgical injuries and intra-operative hemorrhage) as well as fetal morbidity such as (hypoxia and fetal injury). Objective: To determine maternal and perinatal outcome associated with caesarean sections performed in the second versus first stages of labor. Methodology: It was observational cross sectional -hospital based study carried out in Ibrahim Malik Hospital in Khartoum State, Sudan, in the period from October 2015 to October 2016. Six hundred women were enrolled in this study. 200 women were undergoing second stage caesarean section for variable indications, while 400 women underwent first stage caesarean section. Results: We found that women who underwent caesarean delivery in the second stage of labor had greater risk of maternal morbidity than those who underwent caesarean delivery in the first stage of labor. The rate of Bleeding >1000 ml (16.0% vs. 0.7.5%), extension of the uterine incision (20.5% vs. 6.25%), bladder injury (4.0% vs. 1.25%). The rate of fetal injury during delivery (5.5% vs. 2.0%), FSB (4.5% vs. 2.25%), admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (18.0% vs. 12.5%), neonatal sepsis (3.5% vs. 1.5%) and early neo- natal death (2.0% vs. 2.25%). Conclusion: Intra operative bleeding, adhesion, bladder injury, caesarian hysterectomy, perinatal asphyxia, FSB, birth trauma, NICU admission and low Apgar score were most morbidity related to 2nd stage cesarean delivery. Keywords: 2nd stage C/S, 1st stage C/S, Maternal, Fetal, Outcome, Comparison Azza Jaafar Bashir, Rihab Jaafar Ibrahim, Yassir Ahmed Mohammed Elhassan, Awad Ali M Alawad, Siddig Omer M Handady. Maternal and Perinatal Outcomes Among Women Underwent Second-Stage Versus First-Stage Caesarean Delivery at Ibrahim Malik Hospital in Sudan. W J Gynecol Women's Health. 1(3): 2018. WJGWH.MS.ID.000512. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
In India, October is the start of the winter season. This month is blessed with pleasant weather. It is a vibrant and festive month in India. Have you ever wondered if the month we were born affects our nature and other traits? There is a fascinating theory that proposes a connection between our behavior and personality traits and the month we are born in. Let's explore this fascinating topic together. October babies have some special qualities that make them stand out. Let us delve into the distinctive qualities of babies born in October. Here is one interesting fact about October. Did you know that October gets its name from the Greek and Latin word for eight – Octo? That's because, in the original Roman calendar, it was the eighth month. January became the absolute first month in 45 BC when the legendary Julius Caesar revamped the calendar. He introduced what we now call the Julian calendar, and that's when January and February were added. However, the name remained, even though October eventually became the tenth month. Zodiac Sign Of October Born Babies Ever wondered why individuals born in the same month can showcase such diverse traits? It's all about those zodiac signs they were born under. October babies are blessed with the zodiac signs of either Libra or Scorpio. Libra (September 23 to October 22): Babies born from October 1st to October 22nd come under the zodiac sign Libra. Librans, like the scales that symbolize their sign, are considered to be well-balanced people and the friendliest of extroverts. Scorpios (October 23 to November 21): Babies born from October 23rd to 31st falls under this group. Scorpios (and note that they are not called scorpions!) are considered creative and fiercely loyal. While Scorpios are known to be fiery, outspoken, and direct, Libras are generally very peace-loving people. Going forward, we can learn more about October-born babies. Related Reading: 9 Early Signs Of Intelligence In Babies Birthstones of babies born In October October babies are lucky to have not one, but two beautiful birthstones: tourmaline and opal. Tourmaline is the modern birthstone for October. Opal, on the other hand, is the traditional stone for this month. These two birthstones for October are perfect for personalizing jewelry with their stunning color combinations1. According to the source, the magical powers of Venus are linked to and control these gems. People think that these jewels have magical powers because of this. People also think they are good for the person who wears them and help them heal in many ways. It is believed that the mystic powers of gemstones are correlated with their color. - Wearing this gemstone is believed to activate the third eye, a spiritual chakra. - Opals are linked to love, passion, loyalty, and keeping wearers' emotions in check. - Opal makes the person who wears it more loving, caring, and affectionate. - Neuro-stability is improved by this stone, which balances the right and left sides of the brain. - A pink opal is highly effective at treating headaches. - It is said that opals help people make better decisions and let their ideas flow freely. - Students can improve academically with green tourmaline. It sharpens the intellect and memory. This helps children learn, perform better, and stay focused. - Green Tourmalines enhance stamina and endurance, making them beneficial for children with a strong athletic drive. - White tourmaline is associated with the crown chakra. It has a cooling effect on the body and helps to soothe an overly active mind. - The loving energy of pink tourmaline soothes and heals wounded feelings as well as all burdens that pull at the heart. - Purple tourmaline is an intellectual stone. It gives mental clarity. - Black tourmalines strengthen the kidneys, core, and legs, energetically purify the body, and also help reduce stress. Note** Some believe that wearing or carrying gemstones close to the body maximizes its benefits. Consider adding a small, securely mounted birthstone to a baby bracelet or necklace. Choose high-quality birthstone jewelry without sharp edges or choking hazards for babies. Choose items that are specially made for babies and meet safety standards. The birth flower of babies born in October October is blessed with two birth flowers. Marigolds and Cosmos are the two flowers that are associated with October4. - Marigolds symbolize love and happiness. They represent positivity, luck, and positive energy. - They are used in rituals and ceremonies to ward off negative energies. So it could bring blessings to babies. - On important days for babies, it is nice to decorate with fresh marigold flowers, dried petals, or marigold-themed items like garlands and banners. - Cosmos flowers symbolize harmony, peace, and balance. - Cosmos flowers are known to thrive in various environments. They stand for strength, flexibility, and the beauty of accepting change. - Cosmos flowers are known to thrive in various environments. They stand for strength, flexibility, and the beauty of accepting change. - You can use it as a decoration or print its name or picture on baby clothes or a cap. Related Reading: 8 Peaceful And Gentle Parenting Tips 5 Funny Traits Of Babies Born in October October-born babies are seriously the cutest and most hilarious little bundles of joy ever! They bring so much laughter and happiness into the world. They were born to be entertainers. They have this incredible knack for keeping everyone entertained and on their toes. So, let's dive into the delightful world of the funny traits of October-born babies, shall we? 1. October babies are social butterflies - October falls during the fall season in many parts of the world. The cooler weather often brings people together for various social activities. October is a month of festivals, bonfires, and gatherings. This conducive environment for socializing may contribute to the perception of October-born babies being more social. - Infants born in October show early signs of sociability by actively initiating interaction with others. They may reach out to people, and make sounds to get attention. Depending on the situation, your child may change their pitch and tone. - October babies may show a relatively higher level of comfort with unfamiliar people. Thus, you will not have to worry about taking them to social events. Related Reading: 7 Realistic Tips To Raise Mentally Strong Kids 2. They are naturally curious about everything - October babies tend to ask a lot of questions about the world around them. They may ask "why" frequently and seek to understand the reasons behind things. - They have keen observation skills and vivid imaginations. - They enjoy exploring their environment, whether it's indoors or outdoors, and often engage in experimentation. - They seem to be really curious about expanding their knowledge. They have a wide range of interests, including reading, watching informative videos, and engaging in hands-on activities. 3. October-born kids are known to be romantic When it comes to friendships or romantic relationships, people born in October tend to exhibit a strong sense of passion and loyalty towards their loved ones. - October-born individuals tend to be charming and charismatic. - October babies place a high value on building connections and work hard to maintain harmony in their relationships. 4. October-born babies are not afraid to spend money Regardless of their economic situation, people born in October have a strong tendency to own expensive items. So be cautious when you take them shopping. - They might show a preference for high-quality items and be less interested in cheaper alternatives. - Babies born in October might favor high-end or designer strollers, bottles, and pacifiers. They may seem uninterested or fussy when presented with lower-quality versions, - They could ask for expensive and specialized gifts or treats. 5. October-born people are more physically fit and athletic Babies born during the fall are often stronger and more athletic than summer-born babies, - Children born in October and November performed better than the other kids in the study regarding youth sports. It is believed the reason for this is the vitamin D levels of the pregnant women before the baby is born. Vitamin D contributes to immense bone mass and muscles, which leads to higher chances of being physically fit and athletic. - Whether in sports or other spheres of life, people born in October may have a competitive spirit. This leads them to excel in athletic pursuits. Related Reading: 13 Alternatives To Saying No To A Child 5 Exceptional Qualities of October Born Babies October has witnessed the birth of several great personalities like Mahatma Gandhi, Eleanor Roosevelt, etc. who have created history in their respective fields and are valued to date. The following are 5 exceptional qualities of October-born babies: 1. October babies are very warm, friendly and kind October Babies wants to be in everybody's good book. Thus, they make an effort to be super friendly and nice to everyone they come across. As they grow, - They volunteer to help others without being asked - They always follow rules, whether in school or at home - They take responsibility for their actions and mistakes, demonstrating accountability - October babies are quick to apologize and express remorse when they believe they have done something wrong or upset someone. - They often seek validation and approval from parents, teachers, or other authority figures. - They are seriously the best listeners and peacemakers ever, which makes them an excellent friend. 2. They are known for their passion, truthfulness, and determination If there is anything that keeps October-born kids motivated, it is their strong willpower. - They approach everything with a sense of confidence. - They approach their work with a meticulous mindset. - They will be utterly committed to their objective and will not rest until they have accomplished it. - Do not lie to them. For them, honesty is vital, and they will never compromise it. - Truthfulness and empathy frequently go together. Truthfulness makes October babies more sensitive and sympathetic. They often consider other people's emotions and viewpoints. Related Reading: 20 Questions To Ask In A Parent-Teacher Meeting 3. They have a very positive outlook Children born in this month have a positive outlook on life and approach things with optimism. - October babies never give up. If they set their minds on doing something, they do not give up until they reach their goal. - The way October babies deal with problems and setbacks shows that they have a positive outlook. - They are very good at adjusting to new situations. - They quickly get back on track after failing or having a setback, showing that they are willing to try again and learn from their mistakes. They also work very hard to reach their goals, no matter how challenging it is. 4. October babies have a strong sense of independence Babies born in October tend to be quite independent. They take the initiative to do things on their own and may resist help or interference from adults. Also, - They express their opinions and preferences clearly and confidently, and they may resist being overly controlled or directed by others. - They prefer to do things on their own and may resist help or interference from adults, especially in tasks they feel capable of handling independently. 5. They possess strong leadership qualities The combination of Libra's tactfulness with Scorpio's uncompromising nature often results in strong leadership skills among October babies. - They possess strong analytical and problem-solving skills - They tend to tackle challenges with a rational and systematic mindset. - They will do everything they can to solve the problem and find a solution, no matter how hard the job or task is. Hence, they shine as group leaders. 3 Negative Traits of Babies Born In October No matter what month you were born, everyone has good and bad traits. People often say, "No one is perfect." You can fix your flaws and get better if you know what they are. Parents need to be aware of their child's potential areas of improvement to develop effective parenting strategies. The following are 3 negative traits of babies in October5: 1. October born kids are captivated by the imagination and will experience its negative consequences People who were born in this month have a strong love for living in the world of their imagination and ignoring the world around them. On top of that, they overthink. - Children who possess a strong analytical nature often face challenges going forward in life. It will be hard for them to find balance in their personal relationships, emotions, finances, and work. - Overanalyzing situations can lead to anxiety and indecision. - Overanalyzing can make it difficult for them to act and add needless stress to their everyday lives. Related Reading: 36 Positive Parenting Affirmations For Those Tough Days 2. Spend too much money One bad thing about people born in October is that they like to spend a lot of money. - They not only spend money on them but also extend their financial support to others. - They often overlook their monthly financial budget. 3. May hurt others unintentionally October-borns tend to get angry or even argue easily. - They rarely think while speaking, and as a result, they unintentionally hurt many people. This creates lots of mess and problems. - Taking on new challenges or challenging others is what they love the most. Winning in every task, from small to big, is their ultimate goal. they always try all the means to win in the process. This is not healthy always. Parenting An October Born- What You Should Know? Raising a child born in October is similar to parenting any child. It requires focusing on understanding their unique needs. Pay attention to your child's specific strengths, weaknesses, likes, and dislikes. Here are some things you should know about parenting an October-born child: 1. Encourage socialization October-born children often enjoy social interactions and forming connections with others. It is your responsibility as parents to support and guide them in a positive direction. - Encourage them to participate in group activities, team sports, or clubs where they can meet peers and develop friendships. - Organize playdates with other children around your child's age. This gives them the opportunity to interact, share toys, and engage in cooperative play, which is crucial for developing social skills. - Provide them with the necessary support, encouragement, and resources to excel in school and navigate any difficulties they encounter. - Help your child understand the importance of empathy, kindness, and respect for others. 2. Encourage their curious attitude Engage in activities that foster your child's innate curiosity. - Give your child books, educational games, and hands-on activities to help them learn and develop their natural interests. - While promoting independence, it's essential to establish clear boundaries and expectations. - Allow them the freedom to express themselves and make choices within those boundaries. 3. Foster their emotional intelligence As explained earlier, in October-borns sometimes unintentionally hurt others. Help your child understand and manage their emotions effectively. - Help your child identify and label their emotions. - Encourage them to imagine themselves in someone else's shoes. This way, you can plant seeds of empathy on them. - Teach your child the importance of listening attentively when others are speaking. October babies are absolute game-changers! They often have a unique mix of traits that make them stand out. Hope you enjoyed this blog. Happy parenting.
Member only content free until 26/05/2024 To continue reading this article and enjoying free access to all Utility Week's content up to the 26/05/2024 Register today! Ready to become a member? The challenges of planning and building an underground utilities superhighway for the Games were overcome through co-operation and the use of new design protocols, as Phillip Norman reports. The most powerful symbol of Olympic and Paralympic endeavour is the Olympic Flame. It began its journey across the UK on 19 March and will tour the country before arriving at the opening ceremony on 27 July. Enabling this potent symbolism to keep burning as the athletes go into battle involves the rather humdrum fact that it must be constantly fed by a reliable fuel supply. But underlying this is something altogether more interesting and dizzying in its complexity. Atkins has been scheme designer and site supervisor for a four-year design and build contract to create a subterranean world of power, telecommunications, water and gas. The project to design an underground utilities superhighway has gone relatively unheralded, but in terms of engineering challenge, it was one of the most complicated endeavours on the Olympic Park. For starters, there was the sweeping scale of the 2.5km2 park. The numbers are huge: 100km of trenches, 300km of ducts, 20km of pipework, 140 electrical substations served by 100km of cabling, all in aid of servicing both the Games and, in legacy, an estimated 23,000 new homes on the Olympic Park site. Then there were the physical restrictions of the site. Atkins engineers needed all their ingenuity to design a network that could avoid the many obstacles, connecting utilities underneath the waterways, roads and railway lines and around the major venues – and to achieve consensus among utilities as to where their assets would fit. Finally, one of the biggest puzzles was how to design a system to cope with the demand of 250,000 visitors a day during summer 2012, but which could then efficiently supply a lower demand for several years afterwards. We decided that an independent distribution network operation model would work well at the Olympic Park. Each utility would need to be a standalone system with minimal connections to the host utility network within which it sat, and which in effect supplied the independent network. This infrastructure had to be accommodated in tight spaces in unobtrusive areas. New thinking was needed to identify locations that made the masterplan work, and which also allowed proper maintenance and operation. The system also needed to work effectively when demand dropped off for several years after the Games. It is not as simple as just shutting off supplies. With water and sewerage, for example, switching off can lead to problems in bigger pipes where, without sufficient flow, the water can become stagnant. Accordingly, Atkins worked with Thames Water to model the demand for the potable water network over a long period to find a size of pipe that would work for all scenarios. There were also major cross-park utilities to factor in, such as water pipelines that fed Canary Wharf and other areas of north and east London. Retaining them on site would avoid the high costs of relocation as well as the great difficulty in finding suitable alternative locations. As a result, large portions of the existing primary drainage and potable water systems stayed, saving money and land. Utilitarian though all this work may be, it has produced some eye-catching achievements. A key success has been in managing business relationships and communications, quite apart from the pure engineering acumen. Devising protocols that all parties could agree at the outset was a strategic success that may influence utilities design for years to come. For example, the width of the service corridors at the Olympic Park had to be tightly constrained because of the large venues, watercourses, railways, roads, protected habitats and other environmental factors. The pits and trenches to take the pipes and cables had to be squeezed into a tighter space than normal. Yet utility companies have specific demands about where their services should be located, both in relation to other pipes and cables and what structures can sit above. Atkins asked each operator what its ideal would be for the service corridor in terms of depth of service, using the National Joint Utilities Group standard as a starting point. Because this did not cover all scenarios, Atkins established a "vertical separation protocol", which laid down the depth of each utility service and how the services would relate to one another. For example, it stated that there should be a minimum 300mm gap between a wet service and an electrical one. Having such a well-defined model in three dimensions gave clear criteria for design and made it easier for companies to see the bigger picture, and to compromise where necessary. Above the ground, host utilities outlined their requirements for placement of assets in relation to curbs, drainage systems, lamp posts, benches and so forth. In an ideal world, each utility's requirement to be a minimum distance away from such structures would be achievable, but that was not the reality at the Olympic Park. Atkins responded by establishing a "structures protocol" to define what was acceptable and what might be negotiable. This ultimately allowed around one-third of issues to be settled without the need to negotiate details individually. These two protocols saved the Olympic Delivery Authority about six months in the planning and design stage and at least another six months on site by enabling contractors to proceed with construction, rather than pause while negotiations took place. Atkins could respond to individual contractors' requests for information far quicker than the standard 14 days. The protocols already provided many of the answers, and when they did not, the host utility could provide one quickly because it was not swamped with requests for information. At the end of the process this scheme design was adopted by the vast majority of host utility companies. This would not have been possible without the protocols. Looking back, this hugely complex utilities project was delivered under budget and without disrupting the critical delivery deadlines for the London 2012 venues. This in itself provides a powerful testament of the major strides possible when all parties work together from the outset. Or, to put it another way, utilities may appear to be all about joining up cables, pipes, and ducts. But in the end they are about people and joined-up thinking. Phillip Norman, head of utilities, Atkins This article first appeared in Utility Week's print edition of 29 June 2012. Get Utility Week's expert news and comment – unique and indispensible – direct to your desk. Sign up for a trial subscription here: http://bit.ly/zzxQxx
Chemical and Cellular Frontiers Recorded five-minute video presentations for the Undergraduate Scholarly Showcase in Category A: Chemical and Cellular Frontiers, Projects A-01 through A-03. A-01: Creation of Bimetallic Nanoparticles and the Potential Uses in Medical Environments Marcus Santoro, Biochemistry Project Advisor: Noe Alvarez Watch presentation The medical field is constantly expanding with new ways to treat all kinds of issues. Some techniques are more widely known than others, and one that is not as commonly known is the use of nanoparticles. These nanoparticles have shown promise in areas such as biosensing, catalysis, and drug delivery. Bimetallic nanoparticles smaller size provide a large surface area that can produce more effective catalytic properties. The Alvarez lab focuses on the creation of nanoparticles, as well as studying the efficiency of these particles in different environments. The synthesis of these particles can be a time consuming process, and having an extra hand to help create these particles can allow for more time being spent on testing the efficacy of them. The outcome of this research will help increase our knowledge on the most effective nanoparticles and how we can incorporate them in the field of medicine. A-02: Crafting the Sun's Defense: A Formulation Towards Effective Natural Sunscreen Elise Armile, Biochemistry Project Advisor: Daniel Waddell Watch presentation According to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), sunscreens are nonprescription drugs that "affect the structure or function of the body by absorbing, reflecting, or scattering the harmful, burning rays of the sun, thereby altering the normal physiological response to solar radiation." The label of a sunscreen bottle offers phrases such as "broad spectrum" and "SPF." Broad spectrum sunscreens protect the skin from UVA and UVB rays by building a chemical layer that absorbs and reflects the UV radiation while the Sun Protection Factor (SPF) correlates to the level of sunburn protection that the sunscreen delivers. My research centers around formulating a natural sunscreen made to be simple, non-irritating, but protective against UVA and UVB rays. Natural sunscreen has become a more popular topic and rising trend due to a larger consumer movement towards "reef safe", "mineral", and plant-based products. The attraction of products made from naturally derived materials has grown due to social media. After researching formulations, ingredients, and their benefits, I hope to formulate a broad-spectrum, water-less, natural sunscreen with SPF 40+. This will be my first time formulating a natural sunscreen, so I look to form a new understanding of sunscreen formulation and gain more knowledge about the differences between natural sunscreens and "chemical sunscreens" (sunscreens containing avobenzone, octocrylene, octinoxate, and oxybenzone). The outcome of the work will help further my technical innovation in cosmetic science. A-03: The Role of ADP-ribosylation and its Reversal by ARH1 in the DNA Damage Response Ian Campbell, Biochemistry Project Advisor: In-Kwon Kim Watch presentation The pathway for DNA damage response is important to maintain the genomic integrity in humans. Without the repair mechanism, mutated DNA can produce proteins that do not function properly leading to cancer or other conditions. ADP-ribosylation is a reversible post-translational modification (PTM) that involves the addition of one or more ADP-ribose units to target proteins. ADP-ribosylation regulates a wide array of cellular signaling pathways, including DNA damage response. Uncontrolled accumulation of ADP-ribose is cytotoxic, leading to cell death, and therefore dynamic regulation of ADP-ribosylation by ADP-ribosyl-acceptor hydrolases is essential. ARH1 (ADP-ribosyl-acceptor hydrolase 1) is a metalloenzyme that removes the arginine-specific ADP-ribosylations from a modified protein. The goal of my research is to understand its specific interaction with ADP-ribosylated proteins in relation to the DNA damage response. As the first step, using a series of chromatographic steps, I successfully purified recombinant proteins involved in this cycle of ADP-ribosylation by overexpressing them in E. coli and then characterized them.
24 2023-05 adminpoultry farm Construction of Chicken Coop in Lusaka Construction of Chicken Coop in Lusaka: Site Selection: Choose a site with ample sunlight, good ventilation, flat terrain, and proper drainage. Avoid building the chicken coop near sources of pollution. Size of the Chicken Coop: The size of the chicken coop should be determined based on the breed and number of chickens. Generally, each chicken requires 1-2 square feet of space, with enough room for movement, feeding, and resting. The height of the coop should be appropriate for the size and number of chickens, allowing them to move freely. Materials for the Chicken Coop: The materials used for the chicken coop should be sturdy, durable, easy to clean, and waterproof. Common materials include wood, steel, and cement. Ventilation and Temperature Control: Proper ventilation is essential for the chicken coop and can be achieved by installing doors, windows, and ventilation fans. The temperature inside the coop should be maintained within a suitable range, generally around 18-25 degrees Celsius. Heaters can be used during winter to provide warmth. Cleaning of the Chicken Coop: Regular cleaning of the chicken coop is crucial for maintaining the health of the chickens. It is recommended to promptly clean out feces and waste, as well as periodically replace the bedding inside the coop. The layout of the Chicken Coop: The layout of the chicken coop should be well-planned, separating different functional areas. For example, waterers and feeders should be placed in separate areas to prevent chickens from disturbing each other and minimize the risk of disease transmission. The poultry industry has a promising market outlook. As a form of agricultural farming, modern equipment, and technology have made poultry farming more efficient and cost-effective. Additionally, biotechnology can be employed to enhance the production efficiency and quality of both meat and eggs from chickens. The demand for poultry meat and eggs is continuously increasing worldwide, with particularly rapid growth in African countries. Furthermore, governments have implemented various policy measures to support the poultry industry. These include tax incentives, loans, and financial support. Such policy support can assist poultry businesses in achieving better development opportunities. Related Posts:Nigeria layer farmhouse construction standard 5,000…Building standard and material selection of layer…Natural hatching and artificial hatching of the…The management of laying hens during the peak egg…Biogas Digester Construction Method in Tamale , GhanaThe importance of Layer Chick Rearing for the…Chicken House Disinfection TechniquesNatural Mating of Chickens and Artificial… Prev Next
ARTICLE SUMMARY: Oscar Wilde once said "presentation is everything." There is power in words, especially if you know how to "present" them. Colors and typography play a crucial role in readability and user experience (UX) in design, they can influence how users perceive and interact with digital content. "Exploring the Impact of Colors and Typography on Readability and User Experience" by Michael Paland explains why it is important for designers to develop aesthetically appealing and user friendly content and takes this opportunity to show you how. He looks at - The Role of Colors in Enhancing Readability - Choosing Fonts for Optimal Readability - Harmonizing Colors and Typography for a Cohesive Design Considering the average time a person takes to check a new website is roughly 44 seconds designers need to know how to engage and hold new visitors to their site. With text being the number one way of communication it only makes sense that we learn all we can on how to effectively use type and color. By understanding the psychological and cultural implications of colors and typography it will help designers create a more effective and impactful design. That is the goal. In conclusion, colors and typography are critical elements of design that significantly impact readability and user experience. Designers should carefully consider these factors to create visually appealing and user-friendly designs. This is a great article for old and new designers alike, let us know what you think in the comments.
The Power of Prayer: 10 Reasons Why Prayer is So Important with Magical Rituals! Learn why the power of prayer is crucial in all ritual works, spiritual works, magical spells and manifesting your desires from a spiritual perspective. We offer this brief overview to explore the power and miracles of prayer as part of Erzulie's "Spiritual Summary Series™" for those curious about various Voodoo, Occult and Spiritual topics. Prayer is a form of communication with a higher power or deity, and it is often used as a way to seek guidance, comfort, or help in times of need. Many people believe that prayer has the power to influence outcomes in their lives, and some studies have shown that prayer can have a positive effect on mental and physical health. Learn more about the Power of Prayer and why prayer is so important in magical spells, manifestation and miracles. Again, this is just a brief summary on a very extensive topic, (which varies tremendously by faith or belief) written from a Vodou perspective and how it relates to all Voodoo spells, magical rituals, spiritual works, and manifestation. We offer more in-depth and academic resources for exploring more information on prayer, rituals and ceremonies as showcased in our extensive article section for those wishing to read more! Prayer is a form of a spiritual practice, often associated with a religion, and believed by the faithful to have the divine power to bring about positive changes in one's life and in the world around us. In the Voodoo tradition, spiritual workers rely heavily on their abilities to commune with the Divine. All Voodoo rituals involve the worship of deities or spirits, and practitioners believe that these spirits can be invoked to help with various issues in their lives, such as healing illnesses or providing protection. With every Voodoo spell or ritual, you are absolutely communicating with the Divine Spirits for intercession. Interestingly, from a scientific perspective, there is some evidence to suggest that prayer can have a positive effect on physical and mental health, regardless of belief systems. We perceive that as divine energy in motion. For example, some studies have found that prayer can reduce stress and anxiety and may even improve immune system function. However, the mechanisms behind these effects are not well understood, and further research is needed to fully understand the relationship between prayer and health outcomes. Again, we perceive this as "the mysteries" of faith. From most spiritual and certainly a Vodou perspective, the power of prayer is often attributed to the belief that it can connect us with a higher power or divine presence. Prayer can be a way to express gratitude, seek guidance or comfort, and ask for help in overcoming challenges. It can also be a way to cultivate a sense of inner peace and spiritual connection. It allows the communion between man and spirit to intercede on our behalf with any areas of struggle. In essence, and from the vast experience that all spiritual workers see and experience in every spiritual consultation, ritual, or ceremony, we absolutely believe PRAYER WORKS!!! Prayer moves MOUNTAINS! Prayer makes MIRACLES happen! We leave this age-old debate up to our readers but did want to include a list as to why prayer is so important for every aspect of your life, from a spiritual, magical, and manifesting perspective. Here are 10 reasons why prayer is considered important: 1. Connection with a higher power: Prayer is a way to connect with a higher power, whether it is God, the universe, or something else. Many people believe that this connection can bring a sense of comfort, guidance, and support. This is the connection necessary for all Voodoo Spells & Rituals and required for all manifesting your desires! 2. Reflection and introspection: Prayer can provide an opportunity for reflection and introspection, allowing individuals to examine their thoughts, beliefs, and values. Self-reflection is so powerful with prayer behind it; prayer reveals so many truths. 3. Gratitude: Prayer can be a way to express gratitude for blessings, both big and small. Gratitude is the key that unlocks EVERYTHING! 4. Forgiveness: Prayer can also be a way to seek forgiveness for past mistakes and to ask for the strength to move forward. Forgiveness is so critical in aligning everything in your life moving forward. We almost always require a Love Forgive and Forget ritual with every relationship reconciliation request. 5. Sense of peace: Prayer can provide a sense of peace and calm, especially during difficult or stressful times. Peace is priceless; don't let anyone disrupt your inner peace. 6. Strength and courage: Prayer can give individuals the strength and courage they need to face challenges and overcome obstacles. Prayer is POWER! 7. Community: Prayer can bring people together, creating a sense of community and support. Praying with like minded souls moves mountains with the collective spiritual energy too! 8. Hope: Prayer can provide hope, even in the face of adversity or uncertainty. Hope is a gift to keep us moving forward even when our soul is tired. 9. Guidance: Prayer can be a way to seek guidance and clarity when making important decisions. You would be amazed at the revelations you experience when in prayer. 10. Purpose and meaning: Prayer can help individuals find purpose and meaning in their lives, and to feel connected to something greater than themselves. Prayer is so important for road opening, opening doors and new life paths. Ultimately, the power of prayer is a deeply personal experience, and its effectiveness may depend on a variety of factors, including the individual's beliefs, intentions, and the specific circumstances surrounding their prayers. From our perspective, we see alignment, movement and recovery in more situations with prayer and spirit than without! We cannot encourage the power of prayer enough to all of our clients; PRAYER WORKS!!! EVERY TIME!!!! The Power of Prayer and the 10 Reasons Why Prayer is so Important, much like many spiritual and religious topics, are often vast and complicated subject matters. We offer these fun and informative Spiritual Summary Series™ to acquaint those with some preliminary information on various spiritual topics. Feel free to speak to one of our compassionate and highly experienced Spiritual Practitioners in any psychic reading or spiritual consultation to discuss your spiritual needs. At Erzulie's Voodoo in New Orleans, we always strive to provide educational resources for our guests and friends visiting us, and truly hope you enjoyed our "Spiritual Summary Series™" article. Please let us know if there are any topics you'd be interested in learning more about too by emailing email@example.com!
Remember When: Women folk in Andalusia Published 12:00 am Saturday, July 13, 2019 A female folk singing ensemble was popular in the 1963-1966 time frame. The group known as "The Womenfolk" hailed from Los Angeles, California but made their debut and became established in San Francisco. They signed a recording contract with RCA during the folk revival boom of the 1960s releasing several albums. The group which consisted of five women who all played the guitar performed regularly at the "Hungry I Nightclub." One of their record albums was titled "Womenfolk" which was also the name of their most prominent song of the day recorded live at that location. Some of the words of this "women's lib" song, I will call it, described the freedom movement during that historical time in our nation's history. "The times, they are a'changin'" Bob Dylan sang! Here are the lyrics whether you menfolk like it or not! "The first man created was Adam, then Eve from his rib was designed. Since then man's made woman his backbone. All over the world you'll find – Womenfolk, Womenfolk, tending the sows; Womenfolk, Womenfolk, pushing the plows; Womenfolk, Womenfolk, milking the cows." "A woman is meant to be courted, so gallantly on bended knee, but after the courting is over, in every man's home you'll find – Womenfolk, Womenfolk, down on all fours; Womenfolk, Womenfolk, scrubbing his floors; Womenfolk, Womenfolk, doing the chores." "Since Eve was created from Adam, the bearers of life have been we, and we in creating all mankind, create our own misery – Womenfolk, Womenfolk, mothers of sons; Womenfolk, Womenfolk, hell is homespun; Womenfolk, our lives they run; Womenfolk, Womenfolk, What have we done?" Another of their albums from 1964 was called "Never Underestimate the Power of The Womenfolk!" "The Singing Sisters," a folk singing group at the Andalusia High School, must have thought that idea true as well since the "Womenfolk" song was part of their repertoire as they performed at many hootenannies in south Alabama during the 1964 and 1965 years. Women have definitely made their way through the years establishing business careers and serving in leadership roles – social, religious, educational, governmental, cultural, medical, and political, in our hometown of Andalusia and across the nation. Since the early 1900s, local women founded many civic clubs even before there were automobiles to drive in. They established the public library, landscaped the public square, and formed a number of garden clubs. They were also active in women's suffrage and afterwards urged women to register to vote in the early 1920s. There were a lot of "firsts" that eventually came along when women blazed the trail – First Woman D. A., First Woman City Council Member, First Woman Police Officer, First Woman Chamber of Commerce President, First Women on the Jury, First Woman Principal, First Woman School Superintendent, First Woman Newspaper Editor, First Woman Funeral Director, First Woman County Clerk, First Woman Probate Judge, First Woman Tax Collector, First Woman Sheriff (Yes, there was one!). The list goes on and on. The picture featured today shows a fine group of "ladies" posed on the front steps of the old First Baptist Church in the early 1930s. The church at that time was located on Crescent Street at the curve behind the Covington County Courthouse in what is now a parking lot south of Magnolia Cemetery. It was razed in the late 1950s to move to a location on East Three Notch Street, because more room was needed for a growing church membership. Additional parking was desperately needed at the time which was not needed in 1911 when that brick structure with three towering steeples and stained glass windows was built. A caption under that old photo reads, "Styles change through the years, but one's devotion to their church never does." Women have historically played important roles in the life of all the Andalusia area churches in their Bible Study Circles, Missionary Unions, Church Choirs, and other committees. However, not surprising, there were no women listed on the dedicatory program as being members of the Building Committee on June 7, 1914. A chapter of the Camp Fire Girls in Andalusia was organized in 1919 by Mrs. Trammel E. Henderson, nee Ara Snead. Another photo featured here is a 1921 group of young ladies taken behind Mrs. Henderson's house on the corner of East Three Notch and 4th Avenue. The Camp Fire Girls, a national organization, was organized in 1910, the same year that the Boy Scouts got started. Its programs emphasized camping and other outdoor activities. In 1975, its policy was changed to being co-ed. Just like girls wanting to be Boy Scouts, the Camp Fire Girls had some boys wanting to join their organization! In August of 1959, forty years after the Camp Fire Girls of Andalusia began, a grand reunion was held at the Robert D. Burgess cottage on Gantt Lake. The reunion was to honor Mrs. Henderson for her leadership role of the organization. Besides the sixteen "grown-up" girls that attended, telegrams and cards were received from those former Camp Fire Girls who could not attend for various reasons. According to Eunice Parker Cook's notes about the occasion, Mrs. Henderson's life history was given by Alma Burgess who told the leader's interest in the girls of Andalusia not having an organization where the boys had scouts. A few names of the "alumnae" present which readers today might recognize included Myrtice Malcomb Benson, Rosalind Prestwood, Thelma Moates, Marcella Driggers Jones, Mary Benson Mathews, Alma Carson Burgess, Evelyn Finley, and Louise Pelham Taylor. The program ended with the presentation of a gift to Mrs. Henderson of a beautiful black leather handbag and white kid gloves. The Camp Fire Girls almost always referred to their outfits as costumes rather than uniforms. One of their costumes is now a significant artifact on display at the Three Notch Museum on Historic Central Street. Womenfolk and menfolk, browse through the 1981 "Progress Edition" of The Andalusia Star News, and one can confirm and Remember When that the times, they were (certainly) a'changin'! Sue Bass Wilson, AHS Class of 1965, is a local real estate broker and long-time member of the Covington Historical Society. She can be reached at email@example.com.
Yes, bearded dragons can eat pineapple, but it should be given in moderation due to its high sugar content. Pineapple can be a healthy and tasty treat for bearded dragons when fed occasionally. However, excessive consumption can lead to digestive issues and obesity. Be sure to remove the skin and cut the pineapple into small, bite-sized pieces to prevent choking. Including a variety of fruits and vegetables in a bearded dragon's diet is essential for providing the necessary nutrients for their overall well-being. When feeding pineapple or any other fruits to your bearded dragon, always monitor their reaction and adjust their diet accordingly. Balancing their diet with proper nutrition is key to maintaining their health and happiness. Benefits Of Pineapple For Bearded Dragons Bearded dragons are omnivorous reptiles, meaning they can eat a variety of fruits and vegetables along with their primary diet of insects. While the bulk of their diet should consist of insects and leafy greens, adding certain fruits, such as pineapple, can provide a nutritional boost and offer health benefits to your pet. Nutritional Value Of Pineapple Pineapples are a rich source of essential nutrients for bearded dragons. They contain high levels of vitamin C, which helps in maintaining a healthy immune system. Additionally, they are a good source of dietary fiber, which supports digestion and prevents constipation in bearded dragons. Health Benefits Feeding your bearded dragon pineapple in moderation can offer various health benefits. The bromelain enzyme found in pineapple has anti-inflammatory properties, which can help alleviate digestive issues and reduce swelling in bearded dragons. Furthermore, the natural sugars in pineapple can provide a quick energy boost for your pet. Credit: abdragons.com Risks Of Feeding Pineapple To Bearded Dragons Bearded dragons are omnivorous reptiles known for their diverse diet. However, when it comes to offering fruits like pineapple, there are certain risks to take into account. Pineapples contain a high level of sugar and bromelain, which can lead to various digestive issues for bearded dragons if not fed in moderation. Understanding the risks of feeding pineapple to bearded dragons is crucial for their overall health and well-being. Digestive Issues Feeding pineapple to bearded dragons can potentially cause digestive issues due to their sensitive digestive systems. The high acidic content and bromelain enzyme present in pineapples can lead to stomach upset, diarrhea, and bloating in bearded dragons. It is important to introduce pineapple gradually and in small amounts to monitor their digestive reaction. High Sugar Content Pineapples have a naturally high sugar content, which can be problematic for bearded dragons if consumed excessively. Excessive sugar intake can lead to obesity, diabetes, and tooth decay in these reptiles. Therefore, it is crucial to limit the frequency and portion size of pineapple offered to bearded dragons to prevent adverse health effects. How To Safely Introduce Pineapple To Bearded Dragons Bearded dragons can safely eat pineapple in moderation as a treat, but it should not be a regular part of their diet. Pineapple contains high levels of acidity and sugar, so it's important to introduce it gradually and observe your dragon's response to ensure their digestive system can handle it. Moderation Is Key Incorporate pineapple into their diet occasionally, limit to once a week. Feed small amounts initially to monitor their response. Avoid feeding pineapple as a daily meal to prevent digestive issues. Preparation And Serving Suggestions Peel the pineapple, remove the skin and seeds before feeding. Cut pineapple into small, bite-sized pieces for easy consumption. Offer pineapple as a treat alongside their regular vegetables and insects. Credit: beardedragons.wordpress.com Alternative Fruits For Bearded Dragons Bearded dragons are omnivorous creatures that require a balanced and varied diet to thrive. While vegetables play a key role in their nutrition, fruits can also be a tasty and nutritious addition to their meals. However, not all fruits are safe for bearded dragons to consume. In this article, we will explore the question: can bearded dragons eat pineapple? We will also discuss other safe fruit options and the considerations for maintaining a balanced diet for these fascinating reptiles. Safe Fruit Options When it comes to offering fruits to your bearded dragon, it is essential to stick to safe options that do not pose any harm to their health. Here are some fruits that can be included in their diet: - Apple: A sliced apple, without the seeds, can be a delicious treat for your bearded dragon. Remember to remove the core and wash the apple before feeding. - Blueberries: These tiny fruits are packed with antioxidants and can be fed as an occasional snack. Offer them whole or slightly mashed. - Peach: A juicy slice of peach, with the skin removed, can provide your bearded dragon with a refreshing and nutritious treat. - Mango: Rich in vitamins and minerals, small cubes of ripe mango can be offered occasionally to add variety to your dragon's diet. - Strawberries: These tangy berries are safe and can be provided in moderation. Cut them into small pieces to make them easier to eat. Balanced Diet Considerations While it is tempting to offer a wide range of fruits to your bearded dragon, it is essential to maintain a balanced diet overall. Fruits should only comprise a small portion of their meals, with the majority consisting of leafy greens and vegetables. Here are some important considerations to keep in mind: - Varied Diet: Offer a variety of fruits and vegetables to ensure your bearded dragon receives a spectrum of nutrients. This helps prevent nutrient deficiencies. - Gut Loading and Dusting: Prior to feeding insects to your dragon, it is crucial to gut load them with nutritious vegetables and dust them with a reptile multivitamin and calcium supplement. This ensures your dragon receives adequate nutrients from their prey. - Moderation: Fruits should be given in moderation to avoid an excessive sugar intake, which can lead to various health issues. - Consultation: If you are unsure about a specific fruit's safety or its suitability for your bearded dragon, it is best to consult with a reptile veterinarian or an experienced reptile keeper. By making informed choices about fruits and maintaining a balanced diet, you can provide your bearded dragon with a nutritious meal plan that supports their overall health and well-being. Remember to always prioritize their dietary needs and offer variety to keep their taste buds satisfied! Credit: www.youtube.com Frequently Asked Questions On Can Bearded Dragons Eat Pineapple? Can Bearded Dragons Eat Pineapple? Yes, bearded dragons can eat pineapple occasionally as a treat. However, it should not be a regular part of their diet due to its high sugar content. Is Pineapple Safe For Bearded Dragons To Eat? In moderation, pineapple is safe for bearded dragons to eat. But make sure to remove the skin, core, and any thorns to prevent choking or digestive issues. What Are The Benefits Of Feeding Pineapple To Bearded Dragons? Pineapple provides bearded dragons with essential vitamins and minerals like vitamin C and manganese. However, it should only be given as an occasional treat due to its high sugar content. While can bearded dragons eat pineapple as a treat in moderation, it should not be a staple in their diet. Remember to consult with a veterinarian for proper diet recommendations. Overall, balance is key for your bearded dragon's health and well-being.
By Anne Ehart Photos by André Beganski and Anne Ehart The New England Outdoor Center represents what optimists see as the future of Millinocket: ecotourism. Situated at the foot of Millinocket Lake, about 10 miles northwest of town, NEOC boasts a gorgeous view of Mount Katahdin and a year-round outdoor recreation business generating $2 million in revenue last year. Tourism and the creation of nearby Katahdin Woods and Waters National Monument, protecting 87,000 acres of land from logging, have been met with opposition by residents who have seen the timber industry as the driving economic force in the region. Skeptics don't think the town can survive on tourism alone. Hopefuls, however, see the beauty of the Katahdin region as key to the area's revival. Mount Katahdin, meaning "The Greatest Mountain," was named by the Penobscot Native Americans. Standing 5,270 feet, Katahdin is Maine's tallest mountain and marks the northern end of the Appalachian Trail. Steve Young, left, and Jeff Bustwick visit Maine from the Philadelphia area about five times a year, and enjoy the snowmobile trails surrounding NEOC. They also visit Katahdin Woods and Waters National Monument, which Gov. Paul LePage has, until recently, refused to mark with signage to direct visitors. (Related content: Maine, terrain and snowmobiles) "When I first went up there with my wife, and I know the state very well, I lived here and was a trucker for many years, I couldn't find it," said Bustwick. The Monument receives mixed reviews from locals, the main criticisms being that protecting the land takes 87,000 acres of trees away from commercial timber use. Despite resistance and lack of signage, the Monument recorded more than 30,000 visitors in its first year. (Related content: No signs point to Katahdin's national monument) Matt Polstein, founder and owner of NEOC, wouldn't trade NEOC's view of the Mount Katahdin for any coastal location he's ever seen. He described the combination of attractions in the Katahdin region as a "rare phenomenon," and thinks Millinocket can benefit. "If you want to succeed in tourism, you have to have something that somebody else doesn't have, and what we have is an iconic mountain," said Polstein. "We have that in addition to a world-class white water river on the Penobscot, with a world-class landlocked salmon fishery, with a gateway to a wild and scenic style river, the Allagash." (Related content: Matt Polstein: Millinocket's ecotourism champion) The River Drivers Restaurant at NEOC has a view of Mount Katahdin so breathtaking, diners can be distracted from their meals. "People will go down and leave their dinner on the table and watch the sunset down there," Polstein said of their lookout on the edge of Millinocket Lake. "When they talk about eating dinner here, it's not just about food and service. It's about an experience that really moves them." Trees are the lifeblood of a town with its roots in paper making. Of 59 species of trees in Maine, 39 have commercial value. Millinocket is hopeful it can capitalize on its greatest resource with the prospect of a cross-laminated timber company using the old mill site and creating 100 jobs. Josh Stahl, a recreation guide at NEOC, was raised in Millinocket and feels that tourism is the pulse of Millinocket, after the mill shut in 2008. "The town really is only still surviving purely based on the fact that it's the closest thing to Katahdin and the Penobscot River with rafting," said Stahl. "It's really tourism that keeps us alive." With 48 full-time employees, and another 75 part-timers in the summer, Stahl said NEOC is the second largest employer in the area after the Millinocket Regional Hosptial. NEOC guests can rent snowshoes to explore the resort's trails on foot. NEOC maintains about 100 miles of the state's 14,000 miles of snowmobile trail and is working on expanding its 16 miles of cross-country skiing trails. Polstein's Labrador Indy is known for wandering into guests' cabins and scoring bacon. NEOC's 20 cabins vary in size and can sleep a maximum of 145 people. Polstein thinks Millinocket can have the best of both worlds, with tourism and timber harvesting side by side. "I think tourism has an opportunity here to coexist with whatever industrial opportunity the forest continues to provide," said Polstein. "Those opportunities being sustainable, compatible, with a mixed-use environment." (Related content: Maine's iconic moose population sees its numbers drop)
Grain to Tilbury is a proposed grid upgrade, requiring the replacement of the existing 1960s Thames Cable Tunnel between Tilbury, Thurrock, and Gravesend, Gravesham, alongside a new headhouse connection point at both ends of the tunnel. These headhouses are needed to connect the tunnel and serve as access points. The project is part of the UK's transition to a net zero future. It will be a vital upgrade to the existing local electricity transmission system in Kent and Essex: places where large amounts of renewable and low carbon energy are scheduled to connect in the coming decades. The Thames Cable Tunnel is an existing high-voltage electricity cable beneath the Thames between Tilbury and Gravesend. It was built in the 1960s and houses 400 kV transmission cables between substations at Tilbury and Kingsnorth as part of National Grid's high voltage transmission network. The cable which currently delivers electricity under the river Thames between Tilbury and Gravesend has been in operation for over 60 years and is in need of replacement in order to deliver the objectives of The Great Grid Upgrade and aid the move to net zero. A new tunnel is the most effective way to deliver a long-term upgrade to the local network. A number of options were considered as an alternative to building a new tunnel. These included maintaining the existing tunnel, or replacing it with a crossing tower over the Thames. Both options present challenges including impacts on important and sensitive bird habitats, and a lengthy consenting process required to secure the works, particularly with the existing overhead line which would require a development consent order (DCO). The outages needed to facilitate the refurbishment of the existing tunnel also mean that it would take a considerable amount of time to deliver. Therefore, a new tunnel is being developed as this is considered to be the most effective and safest option. The tunnel will help to ensure a continued safe and reliable supply of electricity to the area. National Grid ESO leads an annual cycle which looks at how much energy needs to be carried on the network in the future, and where network capability needs to be improved to accommodate that. This process is to ensure that efficient, coordinated and economical proposals are brought forward. In planning and operating the network we must comply with the National Electricity Transmission Security and Quality of Supply Standard. These set out criteria and methodologies for planning and operating the network in Great Britain – in essence, minimum requirements designed to ensure secure and stable electricity supplies. The Great Grid Upgrade is the largest overhaul of the electricity grid in generations. Our infrastructure projects across England and Wales are helping to connect more renewable energy to your homes and businesses.
'Women are finally being celebrated in Judaism' (archives) Photo: Hanoch Grizinsky Women are finally being celebrated in Judaism. In the past, women were silenced under the chuppah, girls' birth ceremony was played down, and their bat mitzvah wasn't even marked. In the past, only men conducted ceremonies, but reality has changed. I am like that – I am a rabbi and serve as the dean of Tmura, the International Institute for Secular Humanistic Judaism, which has already trained and ordained dozens of women for this role. For several decades now, women have a new profession: Women are ordained as rabbis, conduct life cycle ceremonies and holiday ceremonies, lead communities, operate study classes at youth cultural centers and in community homes they lead. They work on the legal level, are part of Knesset lobbies and advance social activity. Increasing Role The Media Line In Jerusalem synagogue, women already read from handwritten Torah scroll at separate service held about once a month. Now, some members also want them to be able to lead part of Shabbat service. I am a traditional person. My parents gave me knowledge about my familial and cultural roots, and bestowed moral messages. But, of course, not just they. We absorb traditions from the education system, from our experiences in society, and are subject to the authority of the State, which implements traditions through the laws it enforces. Not every tradition is positive, and the fact that a custom originates in "the family home," and was delivered from previous generations, does not necessarily make it positive. Unfortunately, discrimination and exclusion of women were incorporated in the joint tradition. Once, societies were religious, their leaders pretended to speak on behalf of God – and under that capacity they set rules of behavior and lifestyle. In the Jewish religion, for example, it was determined that there is such a thing as an "impure woman." Why would anyone think that it is a tradition which should be preserved? This is an offensive and absurd decision, which most definitely should not be preserved. Another famous example is what is said every morning in the men's section in synagogues, "Blessed be He who did not make me a woman" – an unfounded sentence which modern religious people have realized long ago that should be left out. But the perception discriminating and excluding women is incorporated both into the Israeli secular culture spiritually and into the political conduct which intervenes in personal life ceremonies. Creating an egalitarian and just state We do it differently. We escort girls and their families in a fascinating study process, in which the girl learns about herself and about her family, as well as chapters from the pivotal Jewish literature, including the Bible. Together with the family, we create a unique ceremony held at the synagogue, in the desert, at an archeological site or in their home.In addition, when a boy or girl are born, we write together with the parents a "brit milim" ("covenant of words," instead of "brit milah" – "covenant of circumcision"), which they present to their family and community in a festive ceremony that includes songs and dancing with the celebrating family. Alongside the joy, there are also moments of grief, pain and mourning in our life, and it is important for us to know how to mark a woman's life in her death just like we know how to celebrate her life during life. These days I am escorting girls who are saying goodbye to their father, and together we are devising the expected funeral ceremony, so that they can bid farewell to him with dignity, with equal opportunity to stand by the grave and say what they think and feel in accordance with their values and faiths. They believe in justice, in equality and in a woman's freedom to decide how to live her life – and we, as secular humanistic rabbis, should allow that. I am also a secular and traditional rabbi. I am guided on the issue of what is in place and what isn't, like my Zionist mothers and fathers who asked themselves what should be done for the future of the Jewish people in building a diplomatic option – the establishment of the State of Israel. Now it's my turn to ensure that the State of Israel will be egalitarian and just. Sivan Maas is a rabbi and the dean of Tmura, the International Institute for Secular Humanistic Judaism
Europe's steel industry is facing a monumental challenge: decarbonization. Axel Eggert, CEO of the European Steel Association (EUROFER), asserts that the industry requires a staggering 5 million tons of hydrogen annually to achieve this goal. However, despite the industry's readiness to adopt hydrogen by 2026-2027, there exists a critical gap in supply. Conventionally produced hydrogen, priced at €10-11/kg, is prohibitively expensive for the industry, necessitating a drastic reduction to €2-3/kg for competitiveness. Participants at the specialized conference in Poland concluded that Europe is poised to embark on a lengthy journey, spanning 20-25 years, to secure adequate hydrogen supplies for decarbonizing its steel sector. This stark reality underscores the urgent need for strategic planning and concerted efforts to bridge the supply-demand gap. Amidst the push for hydrogen adoption, carbon capture and storage (CCUS) emerges as a critical component for the steel industry's development. Eggert emphasizes its necessity, particularly as the EU's free carbon emission allowances expire by 2034. With renewable energy alone unable to meet existing demand, CCUS becomes imperative to sustain coal-based steel production in the interim. Germany's recent agreement on a financing mechanism for its future hydrogen network signals progress in the region's decarbonization efforts. The extension of the construction period to 2037 and investor protection measures provide a conducive environment for investment. With the main hydrogen network stretching over 9.7 thousand kilometers and leveraging existing gas pipelines, Germany demonstrates a commitment to transitioning towards a hydrogen economy.
Limiting factors in caribou population ecology caribou, reindeer, limiting factors, population dynamics, hunting, predation, food, climatic influence, parasites, diseases, interspecific competitionAbstract Caribou and wild reindeer populations fluctuate over time. On this fact there is general agreement. Factors responsible for population limitation and subsequent declines have been examined within the framework of animal population theory. There is, however, little agreement when factors limiting specific populations are generalized to Rangifer populations over broad geographic regions. Comparative examinations of wild Rangifer populations worldwide discloses that factors that have regulated those populations are highly variable between populations, apparently as a reflection of the differences in environmental variables unique to each population. Examples exist of populations where major regulating factors have been climatic extremes, predation, hunting mortality, food limitation, insects, parasites, disease, interspecific competition, and human developmental impacts or combinations of these factors. This diversity of limiting factors affecting caribou and wild reindeer populations is a reflection of the ecologial complexity of the species, a concept that has often been ignored in past efforts to reach management decisions by extrapolation from the limited localized knowledge available on the species.Downloads How to Cite Klein, D. R. (1991). Limiting factors in caribou population ecology. Rangifer, 11(4), 30–35. https://doi.org/10.7557/22.214.171.1240
Can A Rat Swim- The natural world is a realm of endless wonder and complexity, where every species has evolved its own set of remarkable adaptations to survive and thrive in its unique niche. Among the vast array of creatures that inhabit our planet, one group stands out for its incredible adaptability and success in diverse environments: rodents. Rodents, characterized by their sharp incisors and remarkable adaptability, have conquered a wide range of habitats, from deserts to forests, and even the bustling concrete jungles of human cities. However, there's an intriguing aspect of rodent biology that often escapes our attention – their ability to navigate aquatic environments. In this exploration, we dive into the intriguing question: Can a rat swim? At first glance, rats may not seem like the most likely candidates for aquatic adventures. These small, furry creatures are typically associated with urban alleys, sewers, and grain-filled silos. Yet, as we embark on this journey of discovery, we will uncover the hidden depths of the rat's abilities, quite literally. We will delve into the scientific inquiry surrounding their swimming prowess, the underlying anatomical and physiological adaptations that make this possible, and the ecological significance of this lesser-known facet of their biology. Our quest to understand whether a rat can swim takes us beyond the surface of this simple question. It transcends the realm of urban legends and myths, revealing a rich tapestry of biological marvels that have allowed rats to thrive in some of the world's most challenging environments. From the underground labyrinths of city sewers to the reedy marshes along riverbanks, rats have demonstrated a remarkable ability to adapt to aquatic life. Profile the Versatile Rat Species and Their Habitats Rats come in a multitude of species, each uniquely adapted to its environment. From the familiar brown rat (Rattus norvegicus) that scurries through urban landscapes to the semi-aquatic marsh rice rat (Oryzomys palustris) that dwells in wetlands, we will introduce you to the diverse world of rats and the habitats they call home. Uncover the Anatomical Marvels of Rat Swimming To answer the question of whether a rat can swim, we must investigate the physical adaptations that set them apart. From their streamlined bodies to specialized musculature and limb morphology, we will explore the intricate anatomy that enables rats to glide through water with surprising grace. Can a rat survive in water? Rats need a water source in order to survive. They are excellent swimmers and can tread water for up to three days, holding their breath for a long time. This is how rats can survive being flushed down toilets or come back up through them to access your home. Rats are remarkably adaptable creatures, but their survival in water largely depends on the specific circumstances and duration of their exposure to it. While rats are not natural swimmers like some aquatic mammals, they do possess certain abilities that enable them to survive in water for a limited time. Rats can swim and tread water for short periods. Their ability to stay afloat is due to their buoyant bodies and natural instinct for survival. When placed in water, they instinctively start paddling their legs and using their tails for propulsion. This allows them to stay above the surface and move through the water, at least temporarily. Rats are not designed for long-term aquatic life. They lack specialized adaptations for underwater survival, such as waterproof fur or the ability to extract oxygen from water like fish. Prolonged exposure to water can lead to exhaustion, hypothermia, and drowning for rats. Can rats naturally swim? Rats are natural swimmers and they have been known to swim long distances if it is necessary for their survival. A pet rat is no different, a pet rat likes to have a bath and will swim around in the water. Rats are good swimmers and they will usually enjoy a good swim and will often take a bath in their water bowl. Rats have several adaptations that enable them to swim. Their bodies are naturally buoyant due to a combination of their lightweight bone structure and the air trapped in their fur. This buoyancy helps keep them afloat while in the water. When placed in water, rats instinctively start paddling their legs in a coordinated manner, similar to a dog's doggy paddle. They use their strong hind legs to push against the water and their tails to provide stability and steer. This coordinated effort allows them to move through the water with relative ease. Rats also have the ability to hold their breath for a considerable amount of time when submerged. This adaptation helps them stay submerged when needed, such as when escaping predators or accessing food sources in aquatic environments. Rats can swim naturally, their swimming abilities vary among individuals and can be influenced by factors such as age, health, and physical condition. Additionally, rats are not built for long-distance swimming, and prolonged exposure to water can lead to exhaustion and other risks to their well-being. How long can a rat swim in water? Firstly, rats are excellent swimmers. They can tread water for three days straight and can hold their breath underwater for three minutes, according to this National Geographic video. They are also adept at fitting into tiny spaces thanks to ribs that are hinged at the spine and collapse when squeezed. The length of time a rat can swim in water largely depends on various factors, including its physical condition, water temperature, and the specific circumstances it finds itself in. Rats are not natural aquatic animals, so their swimming abilities are limited, and they can only swim for relatively short durations. On average, a healthy rat can swim for about 30 minutes to an hour without showing signs of exhaustion. Their buoyant bodies and instinctual swimming movements allow them to stay afloat and navigate water for this period. However, this time frame is a rough estimate and can vary significantly. The water temperature is a crucial factor affecting a rat's swimming endurance. Warmer water allows rats to swim for more extended periods because it helps maintain their body temperature and energy levels. In contrast, cold water can quickly lead to hypothermia and exhaustion, reducing their swimming time significantly. That rats are not designed for long-distance swimming, and their energy reserves are limited. Prolonged exposure to water can lead to muscle fatigue and increased energy expenditure, making it increasingly difficult for them to stay afloat. Can rats float on water? Rats and mice are naturally buoyant but if at any point during the test the animal were to look as though it were struggling to stay afloat, it would be taken out of the water. The length of time that the animal was active and then floating ('immobile') in the water is recorded. Rats can float on water due to their natural buoyancy. Unlike some animals that might immediately sink in water, rats have certain physical characteristics that enable them to stay afloat. One key factor contributing to a rat's ability to float is its lightweight bone structure and body composition. Rats have relatively low bone density, which makes them more buoyant in water. Additionally, their fur, though not waterproof like that of some aquatic animals, can trap pockets of air when they enter the water, further enhancing their buoyancy. This air trapped in their fur helps keep them at or near the surface of the water. When placed in water, rats typically display instinctual swimming behaviors. They use their legs to paddle in a coordinated manner, much like the doggy paddle in dogs. Their strong hind legs generate propulsion, while their tails serve to provide stability and help with steering. These coordinated movements enable rats to move through the water with relative ease and maintain their position at the surface. Will rats leave if one dies? Rats are social creatures, which means that if you find one dead rat, there are likely more living rats somewhere nearby. To help avoid coming across another rat, be it dead or alive, you'll need to take the following preventative measures: Keep up with building repair and maintenance to eliminate entry points. Rats are social animals that often live in groups or colonies, and their behavior can be influenced by various factors, including the presence of a dead rat. Whether or not rats will leave if one of their group members dies can depend on several circumstances. In some cases, rats may not immediately abandon their habitat if one of them dies. They are known to engage in cannibalism, especially when resources are scarce. In such situations, they may consume the body of the deceased rat to minimize waste and utilize available resources efficiently. This behavior is more common among laboratory rats or rats living in confined environments. If the dead rat is left unattended, it can lead to the spread of disease and an unhealthy living environment. Over time, the scent of decomposition may attract scavengers or predators, potentially causing the surviving rats to become more cautious and possibly relocate to a safer area. Rats are intelligent and adaptable creatures, so their response to a dead group member can vary based on factors like food availability, the presence of predators, and the overall health of the colony. In some cases, surviving rats may choose to leave the area to find a more suitable and less risky environment, especially if they sense a threat to their safety. Are rats scared of water? Do Rats Like to Swim? Although it's true that some rats do enjoy playing in the water, it can also be scary. Some have fun splashing, but others get extremely stressed out. And no matter how much an individual rat might like water play, any rat forced into water will get scared and anxious. Rats, as a species, are not inherently afraid of water, but their reactions to it can vary based on individual experiences and circumstances. While they are not aquatic animals and may not be particularly comfortable in water, they are not automatically scared of it either. In general, rats tend to be cautious when encountering water. When they come across water obstacles in their natural environment, their typical response is to avoid it or find a way around it. This behavior is an instinctual survival strategy as rats are not natural swimmers and can quickly become exhausted or even drown if they are forced to swim for extended periods. The temperature of the water plays a significant role in a rat's response. Cold water can be particularly challenging for rats, as it can lead to hypothermia and increased discomfort. In contrast, warmer water may be more tolerable for them. Are rats intelligent? Rats and mice are highly intelligent rodents. They are natural students who excel at learning and understanding concepts. Rats are considerably smaller than dogs, but they are at least as capable of thinking about things and figuring them out as dogs are! Their intelligence has been widely studied in laboratory settings, where they have exhibited remarkable problem-solving abilities, memory, and social intelligence. One of the key aspects of rat intelligence is their ability to learn and adapt quickly to new situations. Rats can navigate complex mazes, recognize and remember spatial patterns, and even display a form of empathy towards other rats in distress. They can also learn from experiences and modify their behavior accordingly, which is a sign of cognitive flexibility. Rats have demonstrated the capacity for social intelligence, showing that they can cooperate with other rats, display altruistic behavior, and even form social hierarchies. They are known to have a sophisticated communication system, using vocalizations, body language, and scent marking to convey information to other members of their group. Rat intelligence is not limited to controlled laboratory environments; they also exhibit adaptability and problem-solving skills in the wild, where they must find food, avoid predators, and navigate complex environments. Can rats see in the dark? Rats' eyes are extremely sensitive to light. Living in dark places, they evolved the ability to see in near total darkness. Rats can tell the difference between tiny changes in light intensity, when it would just look pitch black to us! Rats have adapted to low-light and nocturnal environments, which means they have developed several mechanisms that allow them to see relatively well in the dark. While they cannot see in total darkness like some nocturnal animals, their vision is far superior to that of humans in low-light conditions. Rats have specialized retinas that contain a high density of rod cells, which are photoreceptor cells responsible for detecting light and motion in low-light conditions. This adaptation grants them improved night vision. Additionally, rats have large eyes relative to their body size, allowing them to capture more available light. While rats can see in dim lighting, their visual acuity and color perception are limited compared to daytime animals. Their vision is more focused on detecting motion and differentiating between light and dark shapes rather than discerning fine details or colors. This night vision adaptation is crucial for their survival, as it helps them navigate in low-light environments, locate food sources, and avoid predators. Rats have evolved to see relatively well in low-light conditions, thanks to their specialized retinas with a high density of rod cells. While they cannot see in total darkness and have limited color vision, their night vision capabilities are far superior to those of humans and are well-suited for their nocturnal and crepuscular lifestyles. Can rats swim naturally? While they are not typically associated with aquatic life, rats possess the innate ability to swim when necessary. This natural swimming capability is attributed to their anatomy and evolutionary adaptations. Rats have a streamlined body structure that allows them to move through water efficiently. Their limbs, although primarily designed for terrestrial movement, are flexible enough to function in an aquatic environment. When rats swim, they paddle their legs in a coordinated fashion, enabling them to stay afloat and propel themselves forward. Rats exhibit a buoyant quality in the water, thanks to their relatively low body density. This buoyancy assists them in staying on the surface without excessive effort. Rats also have a natural instinct for swimming, which suggests that this behavior is an inherent part of their survival strategy. They can instinctively tread water, navigate obstacles, and even dive when needed. It's important to note that not all individual rats may have the same level of swimming proficiency. Some may be more comfortable in the water than others, and their swimming abilities can vary among species and individuals. Do rats float in water? Their ability to float is primarily due to their physical characteristics and body composition. Rats are naturally buoyant creatures, which means they have a tendency to stay afloat when placed in water. One of the key factors contributing to their ability to float is their relatively low body density. Rats have a body composition that allows them to displace enough water to counteract their own weight. This buoyant quality enables them to remain on the water's surface without much effort. It's important to note that this buoyancy varies slightly among individual rats and species, but overall, rats tend to float when placed in water. Additionally, rats possess a streamlined body shape that reduces water resistance as they move through the water. This streamlined design further facilitates their floating ability and helps them glide through the water with relative ease. Are rats good swimmers? Rats can be considered good swimmers, especially when compared to many other small mammals. Their proficiency in swimming is attributed to a combination of physical adaptations and instinctual behaviors. One of the key factors that make rats good swimmers is their body structure. Rats have streamlined bodies with relatively long tails, which aid in their ability to navigate through water efficiently. Their limbs, while primarily adapted for terrestrial movement, are also flexible enough to function in an aquatic environment. When rats swim, they often exhibit coordinated paddling motions with their limbs, allowing them to stay afloat and propel themselves forward. Rats are naturally buoyant creatures. This means that they have a tendency to float in water, thanks to their low body density relative to water. This buoyancy assists them in staying on the water's surface without expending excessive energy. Rats also display instinctual swimming behaviors, suggesting that swimming is an inherent part of their survival strategy. When placed in water, they can instinctively tread water, keep their head above the surface, and navigate obstacles. These behaviors enable them to swim effectively, whether for escape from predators, foraging in aquatic environments, or simply crossing bodies of water. Can all rat species swim? All rat species exhibit the same level of swimming ability, and their proficiency in swimming can vary. While many rat species possess some degree of swimming capability, there are exceptions, and their swimming skills may depend on their specific habitat and evolutionary adaptations. Most rat species have evolved to be at least somewhat proficient swimmers. These adaptations are often linked to their ecological niches. For example, the brown rat (Rattus norvegicus) and the black rat (Rattus rattus), two common rat species, are known to be good swimmers. They have streamlined bodies, buoyant qualities, and exhibit coordinated limb movements when placed in water. These adaptations allow them to navigate various aquatic environments, including sewers and drains. On the other hand, some rat species, particularly those adapted to arid or dry environments, may not have the same level of swimming ability. Their physical characteristics and behaviors may not be as conducive to aquatic life. For instance, the kangaroo rat (Dipodomys spp.), which inhabits arid regions of North America, is not known for its swimming capabilities. What adaptations do rats have for swimming? Streamlined Body: Rats possess a streamlined body shape with a tapered head and body, which minimizes water resistance as they move through the water. This streamlined design reduces drag and allows them to glide smoothly. Flexible Limbs: While rats are primarily terrestrial animals, their limbs are sufficiently flexible to function effectively in the water. When swimming, rats often display coordinated paddling motions with their limbs, facilitating forward movement. Buoyant Nature: Rats have a relatively low body density compared to water, which gives them natural buoyancy. This buoyant quality enables them to float on the water's surface without expending excessive energy, making it easier for them to stay afloat. Tail Functionality: Rats' long, slender tails serve multiple purposes when swimming. They help with balance and stability, especially when navigating in the water. Additionally, the tail can act as a rudder, assisting in steering while swimming. Instinctual Behaviors: Rats exhibit instinctual swimming behaviors, which contribute to their swimming proficiency. When placed in water, they can instinctively paddle their limbs and keep their heads above the surface. These behaviors help them stay afloat and move efficiently in the water. Adaptations for Foraging: In some cases, rats have developed adaptations for swimming as part of their foraging strategies. For example, semiaquatic rat species may have specialized adaptations in their diet and behavior to exploit aquatic resources effectively. How do rats move in the water? Paddling Motion: Rats primarily use a coordinated paddling motion with their limbs to propel themselves through the water. Their flexible limbs allow for this movement, and they alternately kick their legs to create forward thrust. This paddling action is reminiscent of a breaststroke and helps them move smoothly in the water. Tailing as a Rudder: Rats' long, slender tails serve as essential tools for steering and maintaining balance in the water. They use their tails to assist in changing direction and controlling their movements. By moving their tails in different ways, rats can adjust their course and navigate around obstacles. Floating: Rats are naturally buoyant due to their low body density relative to water. This buoyancy allows them to remain on the water's surface without expending much energy. Floating is particularly useful when they need to conserve energy or take a moment to assess their surroundings. Instinctual Behaviors: When rats find themselves in water, they often display instinctual behaviors to stay afloat. They will keep their heads above the water's surface, allowing them to breathe. Their natural instincts for treading water help them maintain their position without sinking. Can rats swim for long distances? Energy Expenditure: Swimming requires a significant amount of energy. Rats, being relatively small animals, have limited energy reserves, and extended periods of swimming can quickly deplete their energy stores. This makes long-distance swimming unsustainable for them. Body Size: Rats have a relatively small body size, which means they have a smaller muscle mass and lower stamina compared to larger aquatic mammals like seals or dolphins, which are capable of covering long distances in the water. Physiological Constraints: Rats are terrestrial mammals adapted for a primarily land-based lifestyle. Their physiology is not optimized for sustained swimming. While they can paddle and navigate in water, they lack the specialized adaptations seen in truly aquatic animals. Predator Avoidance: Rats may swim for short distances when escaping predators or when searching for food or shelter. However, their primary survival strategy is to avoid situations where they need to swim long distances, as this exposes them to greater risks. Habitat Preference: Rats tend to inhabit environments where access to water is readily available, such as urban areas with sewers or natural habitats near water sources. They are more likely to stay within their familiar territories rather than embark on long swimming journeys. Are rats comfortable in water? Rats, in general, are not naturally comfortable in water. While they have the ability to swim and can exhibit a degree of adaptability in aquatic environments, water is not their preferred habitat, and they often display signs of discomfort when submerged. One key reason for their discomfort in water is their terrestrial nature. Rats are primarily land-dwelling mammals with adaptations suited for life on solid ground. Their bodies are not optimized for long periods in the water, and they lack specialized features for aquatic living, such as webbed feet or waterproof fur. When placed in water, rats often exhibit signs of stress or agitation. They may display frantic paddling movements and attempt to reach the safety of dry land as quickly as possible. This behavior suggests that, while they can swim, they do not naturally find water to be a comforting or relaxing environment. Rats are known for their grooming behaviors, and getting wet disrupts their fur and can lead to a loss of insulation, making them more vulnerable to temperature changes. This further contributes to their discomfort in water. Can rats swim to escape predators? Rats can swim to escape predators, and this ability to navigate through water is an important survival strategy for them. When faced with a threat on land, rats often resort to seeking refuge in water bodies like rivers, ponds, or sewers, where their swimming skills come into play. Rats are generally quick to recognize danger, and their instinctual response to a predator's presence is often flight. If a rat perceives a threat on land, it will not hesitate to jump into the water if there is a nearby source, as swimming can provide a temporary escape route. In the water, rats can outmaneuver many land-based predators that are not adept swimmers, such as terrestrial carnivores like cats or dogs. Their ability to swim is enhanced by their streamlined body shape, buoyant nature, and flexible limbs, which enable them to quickly move through the water. Their long, slender tails serve as both a rudder for steering and as a means to maintain balance while swimming. Additionally, rats can hold their breath for short periods, which allows them to dive underwater and evade predators. Predators that follow them into the water may find it challenging to catch rats due to their swimming speed and agility. Rats will often swim to the opposite bank or submerge themselves in underwater burrows or hiding spots to avoid being captured. Do rats enjoy being in water? Rats, in general, do not enjoy being in water. Unlike some animals that are natural swimmers and seem to take pleasure in aquatic activities, rats are not naturally inclined to be in water, and being submerged can cause them stress and discomfort. Rats are terrestrial creatures by nature, adapted for life on land. They have fur that is not inherently waterproof, and when it gets wet, it can make them feel heavy and cold, which they find uncomfortable. Rats are also not equipped with the physical adaptations for efficient swimming, such as webbed feet or a streamlined body. When exposed to water, most rats will display signs of distress. They may frantically attempt to escape the water or climb out if they find themselves submerged. Their instinctual response is to avoid water whenever possible, as it is not part of their natural habitat. Recognize that while some rats may tolerate water better than others due to individual differences in temperament, in general, they do not enjoy being in water. Water exposure can be particularly stressful for them, and it is not a recreational activity that they seek out. Are there any dangers for rats when they swim? Drowning: Rats are not natural swimmers and can quickly become exhausted when trying to stay afloat for extended periods. This exhaustion can lead to drowning, especially if they cannot find a way out of the water. Hypothermia: Rats have a limited ability to regulate their body temperature in cold water. Prolonged exposure to cold water can lead to hypothermia, causing them to become lethargic and reducing their swimming capabilities. Predators: Bodies of water are often inhabited by aquatic predators like snakes, fish, or waterfowl. Rats in the water become easy prey for these animals, increasing the risk of predation. Disease and parasites: Water can be a source of various diseases and parasites that can affect rats. Drinking contaminated water or swimming in water with disease vectors can lead to health issues. Trapped or entangled: Rats might swim into objects like debris, vegetation, or fishing nets, becoming trapped or entangled. This can limit their ability to move or escape and put them in a vulnerable position. Environmental hazards: Polluted water sources can expose rats to harmful chemicals and toxins, leading to poisoning or other health problems. Injuries: Rats may sustain injuries while navigating rough water surfaces or encountering sharp objects in the water, which can hinder their ability to swim effectively. Exhaustion and fatigue: Swimming requires a significant expenditure of energy for rats, which can leave them physically exhausted. This exhaustion can make it challenging for them to return to their nests or escape from potential threats. Can rats dive underwater? Rats are not natural divers, and they do not possess the physical adaptations for extended underwater exploration. While they can swim on the surface and stay afloat for a limited time, they are not built for deep or prolonged submersion. Rats lack specialized respiratory adaptations that would allow them to extract oxygen from water, like gills in fish or other aquatic creatures. Instead, they rely on breathing air, and when submerged, they hold their breath to prevent water from entering their lungs. This means that their underwater endurance is limited to the amount of oxygen they can store and use while submerged, which is relatively brief. While rats can briefly submerge themselves and swim underwater for short distances, they tend to stay near the surface, where they can easily resurface for air. They are not capable of deep diving or spending extended periods underwater. Rats are not well-equipped for underwater navigation. They rely primarily on their whiskers and other senses to perceive their environment, which is not as effective underwater as it is on land. This makes them more prone to disorientation and difficulty finding their way when submerged. Their cardiovascular system plays a crucial role in delivering oxygen during underwater forays, allowing them to explore underwater realms with surprising skill and versatility. Rats exhibit various swimming techniques and styles, adapting to different water conditions and tasks. Our journey into the world of rat swimming has taken us through a fascinating exploration of these seemingly unassuming rodents and their remarkable aquatic abilities. From the initial query, "Can a rat swim?" to our comprehensive investigation of their anatomy, physiology, behaviors, evolutionary history, and ecological significance, we have uncovered a wealth of insights that shed light on the intricate and adaptive nature of life on Earth. One of the key findings of our exploration lies in the physical adaptations that enable rats to excel in water. Their streamlined bodies, specialized musculature, and limb morphology allow for efficient propulsion through water. These anatomical marvels, combined with their exceptional sensory perception, grant rats a competitive edge in the aquatic world. Physiologically, we have learned that rats possess adaptations that facilitate their survival in water. Their ability to hold their breath while submerged and their capacity for thermoregulation in cold water are nothing short of impressive. Their cardiovascular system plays a crucial role in delivering oxygen during underwater forays, allowing them to explore underwater realms with ease. The behavioral aspects of rat swimming have also revealed intriguing insights. Rats employ various swimming techniques and styles, adapting to different water conditions and tasks. Their ability to find food, evade predators, and even engage in synchronized swimming reflects their resourcefulness and adaptability. But our journey goes beyond the surface-level exploration of rat swimming. It delves into the depths of evolutionary biology, uncovering the origins of these remarkable aquatic adaptations. The fossil record and genetic evidence tell a story of gradual evolutionary changes that have shaped rats into the swimmers we know today. The selective pressures that favored swimming capabilities in some rat species provide a broader context for understanding adaptation and natural selection in the animal kingdom. Our exploration extends into the realm of ecology. Rats, despite their often-negative reputation, play vital roles in their respective ecosystems. Their swimming abilities contribute to nutrient cycling, seed dispersal, and the dynamics of food webs. As we come to understand the intricate relationships between rats and their environments, we gain a more holistic perspective on the importance of these animals in maintaining the balance of nature.
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Web analytics can be used for a number of purposes, such as understanding how users interact with websites, improving site performance, tracking user behaviors over time, identifying trends in user interests, optimizing content for target audiences and more. By leveraging this data, businesses can create better experiences for their customers, which leads to improved engagement and higher conversions. With the right tools and strategies in place, businesses can maximize their success online. At its core, Web Analytics consists of three key components: data collection, analysis and report generation. The first step involves collecting data from a variety of sources, such as weblogs, ad campaigns, search engine crawlers and social media platforms. Once the data is collected, it is then analyzed to identify important trends and insights that can be used to inform decisions and strategies. Finally, the data is reported on using visualization tools such as dashboards or custom reports so that stakeholders can easily understand the performance of their website and make informed decisions based on the results. In addition to these core components of Web Analytics, businesses should also consider implementing other practices, such as A/B testing or multivariate testing, in order to gain further insights into user behavior. Additionally, businesses should take advantage of analytics tools like Google Analytics which provides an abundance of useful data points, including page views, time on site and bounce rates. By leveraging these tools, businesses can better understand their users' behavior and take advantage of the valuable insights provided by web analytics. Optimizing efforts with analytics Analytics is an invaluable tool for optimizing efforts in any business, allowing a company to better understand their customers and identify areas where improvement is needed. With analytics, companies can gain insight into customer behavior patterns and preferences, as well as track performance metrics such as conversion rates and engagement statistics. This information can help inform strategic decisions about marketing campaigns, product development initiatives, and customer service strategies. Additionally, analytics can provide valuable feedback on the overall effectiveness of a business's efforts by providing insights into customer trends over time. Analytics also offers the opportunity for predictive modeling, which allows businesses to anticipate future trends and prepare accordingly. By leveraging this data-driven approach, companies are able to proactively adjust their strategies to maximize ROI while minimizing risk. Furthermore, using analytics to inform decisions can help companies obtain a competitive edge as they are able to respond quickly and effectively to market changes. Finally, analytics can be used to identify areas of waste in the organization and streamline processes for efficiency. By understanding customer behavior patterns, it is possible to better target specific products or services towards individuals likely to make purchases. Additionally, analyzing web traffic data can reveal which pages are not performing optimally and need improvement. Analytics also helps with identifying weak points in operations that need attention, such as long loading times for webpages or slow response times from customer service representatives. Overall, utilizing analytics offers companies the opportunity to maximize their success through informed decision-making and strategic planning. Data-Driven Marketing Data-Driven Marketing is a marketing approach that uses data to inform decisions and strategies. It involves analyzing customer behavior, sales trends, website performance and other metrics to develop insights that help guide marketing efforts. Data-driven marketing helps marketers make more informed decisions about how to reach their target audience, what content to create, which channels are most effective for reaching their goals, and more. Using data-driven marketing can result in increased engagement with customers as well as improved ROI from campaigns. Data-driven marketing also helps marketers maintain a competitive edge by staying on top of the latest industry trends and customer insights. With data-driven marketing, businesses can be better equipped to respond quickly to changes in the marketplace or customer needs. Ultimately, Data-driven marketing allows companies to make better decisions and optimize their campaigns for maximum efficiency, resulting in higher performance and greater success. Data-driven marketing is quickly becoming the standard, making it essential for marketers to stay up-to-date with the latest data-driven marketing trends and best practices. Whether you're just beginning or have been using data-driven marketing for some time, embracing this approach can help your business succeed. About Montfichet & Company Atlanta Our team of experts Montfichet & Company – Atlanta can not only build your business website, but we can manage the process while allowing you to work in your business. We provide Industry research & market analysis to provide efficient content for the Website. We also partner with our sister company The Trusted Automation to help business owners or aspiring business owners and innovators obtain the training need to push to deliver exceptional results. If you found this article beneficial, feel free to leave a comment below. We are located at 3343 Peachtree Road Ste. 180-581 in Atlanta, Georgia. You can also email our team of experts directly at email@example.com or contact us at 404-900-9814 for more information.
Post Concussion Symptoms After a concussion, 20% of symptoms in children and adults will not resolve within the normal time period with rest alone. OSR offers specialized concussion and vestibular rehabilitation customized specifically for these people. What is Vestibular Therapy? Vestibular therapy is a type of physical therapy that focuses on treating the symptoms of concussions and traumatic brain injuries (TBI) by addressing issues with the inner ear and balance system. The goal of vestibular therapy is to help patients regain their balance, reduce dizziness and vertigo, and alleviate other related symptoms. The vestibular system is a complex system of organs located in the inner ear that helps control balance and spatial orientation. When this system is damaged due to a concussion or TBI, patients may experience a range of symptoms, including dizziness, vertigo, nausea, and difficulty with coordination and balance. Vestibular therapy is a specialized type of physical therapy that uses exercises and techniques designed to help patients regain their balance, reduce dizziness and vertigo, and alleviate other related symptoms. The therapy is typically performed by a licensed physical therapist who has received specialized training in vestibular therapy. How Does Vestibular Therapy Work? During a vestibular therapy session, the therapist will perform a comprehensive evaluation of the patient's balance and vestibular function. Based on the evaluation, the therapist will develop a personalized treatment plan that may include a variety of exercises and techniques, such as gaze stabilization exercises, balance training, and habituation exercises. Gaze stabilization exercises involve focusing on a stationary object while moving the head, which helps to improve the patient's ability to maintain visual focus during movement. Balance training may include exercises such as standing on one leg or walking on a balance beam to improve the patient's ability to maintain their balance. Habituation exercises involve repeated exposure to movements or positions that cause dizziness or vertigo, which helps the patient's brain adapt and reduce these symptoms over time. Vestibular therapy can be particularly beneficial for athletes who have suffered a concussion and are looking to safely return to play. The therapy can help athletes regain their balance, reduce dizziness and vertigo, and improve their coordination and spatial awareness. If you are experiencing symptoms of dizziness, vertigo, or balance problems following a concussion or TBI, vestibular therapy may be an effective treatment option. Contact OSR physical therapy to schedule an evaluation and find out if vestibular therapy is right for you. 7872 Century Blvd Chanhassen, MN 55317 Phone: 952-448-9081 Fax: 952-448-9088 16550 West 78th St., Suite B Eden Prairie, MN 55346 Phone: 952-873-7400 Fax: 952-873-7408 5101 County Road 101 Minnetonka, MN 55345 Phone: 952-512-2400 Fax: 952-512-2409 110105 Pioneer Trail, Suite 201 Chaska, MN 55318 Phone: 952-512-2470 Fax: 952-512-2479 1667 17th Ave E., Suite 107 Shakopee, MN 55379 Phone: 952-224-8120 Fax: 952-224-8121
If you're considering getting a monodental implant, it's essential to understand the recovery process and the steps you can take to expedite it. Monodental implants, also known as single dental implants, are used to replace a single missing tooth. After the procedure, you should eat soft foods and avoid hot liquids and spicy foods for a few days. After 3 or 4 days, you should be able to return to your normal diet, but avoid biting hard objects in the area of the implant until it is fully healed. Dental implants offer a permanent tooth replacement option as a popular alternative to bridges and dentures. Mini dental implants are just as effective as traditional implants, but because they're smaller, they have some additional benefits, including the fact that the procedure is much less complicated. Implant systems need regular dental care and maintenance by your restorative dentist. This includes cleaning the area, radiographic evaluation, and sometimes adjusting or changing parts of the implant system. If plaque and tartar build up, your dentist may recommend that you use fluoride in toothpaste or a special rinse. Mini dental implants need the same exceptional care as natural teeth. Brush your teeth twice a day, floss once a day, and make sure you visit your dentist regularly. If the surgeon placed bone graft material when the dental implant was placed, you may notice some sandy material in your mouth. Experts recommend avoiding alcohol consumption for at least 3 days after dental implant surgery. Smoking can cause an inflammatory disease called periimplantitis, which significantly reduces the chances of survival of the dental implant. Dental implants can be rejected due to infection, which is known as early failure; however, dental implants can also fail due to periimplantitis or too much force being applied to them. As an expert in dental care and aesthetic dental surgery procedures such as dental implants, dental crowns, cleanings, teeth whitening and porcelain veneers, I recommend that patients take proper care of their dental implants to ensure their longevity. Remember that dental implants require proper care and maintenance to last a lifetime, so be sure to practice good oral hygiene and visit your dentist regularly. Whether the surgery is successful or not depends on care after dental implant surgery and whether or not you avoid things that may reduce your lifespan.
Gambling, often regarded as a game of chance, has a long and storied history that dates back centuries. From ancient civilizations to modern societies, the allure of risking it all in the hope of a reward has captivated individuals across the globe. This thrilling yet controversial activity has a complex tapestry of emotions and consequences woven into its fabric, making it a fascinating subject for exploration and analysis. At its core, gambling embodies the essence of risk-taking and uncertainty, offering a unique blend of excitement and tension to participants. Some view it as a form of entertainment, while others see it as a means of potentially changing their circumstances in an instant. The gambling industry spans a wide range of activities, from casinos and sports betting to online platforms and lottery games, catering to a diverse array of preferences and interests. As we delve into the world of gambling, we will uncover the various facets that shape this vibrant and oftentimes controversial domain. Types of Gambling Games When it comes to gambling, there is a wide variety of games that people can choose from, each offering a unique experience and level of excitement. One of the most popular types of gambling games is slot machines, where players spin the reels in hopes of landing winning combinations. With colorful themes and engaging graphics, slot machines attract a diverse range of players. Table games are another common form of gambling that can be found in casinos around the world. Games like blackjack, roulette, and poker require skill and strategy, making them a favorite among more seasoned gamblers. The social aspect of playing at a table with other players adds to the thrill of the game and creates a dynamic atmosphere. For those looking for a fast-paced and simple game, scratch cards are a popular choice. Players can quickly reveal whether they have won by scratching off the designated areas on the card. The instant gratification of scratch cards makes them appealing to casual gamblers and those looking for a quick thrill. The Psychology Behind Gambling Gambling engages various psychological factors that contribute to its allure. The thrill of uncertainty and the potential for a significant win can trigger the brain's reward system, releasing dopamine and creating a sense of excitement and anticipation. This rush of adrenaline can become addictive, leading individuals to seek out the gambling experience repeatedly. Moreover, the concept of near misses in gambling plays a crucial role in reinforcing continued participation. When individuals come close to winning but ultimately fall short, it can create a feeling of almost winning, which tricks the brain into believing that success is within reach. This phenomenon can keep players hooked, as they chase that elusive win, believing that their luck is about to change. Additionally, the social aspect of gambling cannot be overlooked when considering its psychological impact. For many individuals, gambling provides a sense of community and belonging, whether through shared experiences at casinos or friendly competitions among friends. This social reinforcement can further enhance the pleasure derived from gambling activities, making it a deeply ingrained part of some individuals' lifestyles. Effects of Gambling Addiction Gambling addiction can have devastating consequences on individuals and their loved ones. The allure of potentially winning big can quickly spiral into a cycle of financial ruin and emotional distress. Many people struggling with gambling addiction may experience feelings of shame and isolation as they try to hide their behavior from those around them. In addition to the financial impact, gambling addiction can also take a toll on one's mental and physical health. The stress and anxiety associated with chasing losses and dealing with the consequences of addictive behavior can lead to insomnia, depression, and even substance abuse issues. Relationships may suffer as well, as the individual's focus shifts entirely to their gambling habits, neglecting personal connections and responsibilities. Seeking help for gambling addiction is crucial in breaking the cycle of destructive behavior. Professional counseling, support groups, and treatment programs can provide individuals with the necessary tools to overcome their addiction and rebuild their lives. It's important for those struggling with gambling addiction to know that they are not alone and that help is available to guide them towards recovery. live draw macau
Arithmetic and Comparison Operators in SQL Learn about arithmetic and comparison operators in SQL, with examples. Types of operators Operators are used for specifying conditions in SQL statements. SQL supports various types of operators, which can be classified as follows: Arithmetic operators Comparison operators Logical operators Arithmetic operators Arithmetic operators perform arithmetic operations on numeric data. The arithmetic operators supported by SQL are listed in the table below: Get hands-on with 1200+ tech skills courses.
In recent years, gene editing technologies have made significant progress in understanding gene function and regulation. The Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats-CRISPR associated protein 9 (CRISPR-Cas9) system has emerged as a versatile tool for gene editing and genome engineering. In the last few years, CRISPR-Cas9 technology has been widely applied to cancer research, mainly to understand the mechanisms of oncogenesis, drug-target identification, and the development of various cell-based therapies. When combined with genome sequence information, this technology has also shown promise to cure heritable genetic disorders. This review summarizes some of the recent developments and preclinical applications of CRISPR-Cas9 technology in cancer research and therapy. We will discuss how CRISPR based approaches have been used as a tool to identify cancer-specific vulnerabilities and potential applications in cancer therapy. Key takeaways (a) The Cas9 nuclease is directed to the target DNA by complementary base pairing with its bound guide RNA in which the target site is followed by a PAM sequence (NAG, NAG). Cleavage of the dsDNA promotes either error-prone NHEJ or HDR. (b) Two guide RNAs (targeting two different sites, namely target A and target B) can be used simultaneously to remove a longer stretch of DNA and a new DNA can be inserted using a donor DNA using HDR. (c) Catalytically dead Cas9 (dCas9) can be tagged with transcription activators (or repressors) and fluorescent proteins (such as GFP) to regulate gene expression or visualization. CRISPR, clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats; Cas9, CRISPR associated protein 9; dCas9, dead CRISPR associated protein 9; gRNA, guide RNA; mRNA, messenger RNA; dsDNA, double stranded deoxyribonucleic acid; PAM, protospacer adjacent motif; NHEJ, non-homologous Banerjee A, Malonia SK, Dutta S. Frontiers of CRISPR-Cas9 for Cancer Research and Therapy. J Explor Res Pharmacol. 2021;6(3):96-104. doi: 10.14218/JERP.2020.00033.
The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo features an iconic female character, Lisbeth Salander, who challenges the patriarchal system that has oppressed her. Lisbeth is a feminist heroine that refuses to be a victim of gender-based violence and abuse. Her strength and resilience are evident throughout the book, as she fights for justice and takes matters into her own hands. By breaking gender stereotypes, Lisbeth shows that women can excel and be successful in areas that are dominated by men. The book is an excellent example of how literature can inspire women to stand up for themselves and demand justice. Lisbeth Salander vs. Patriarchy: The Feminist Heroine of The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo, written by Stieg Larsson, features one of the most iconic female characters in the history of literature- Lisbeth Salander. She is a tattooed and pierced computer hacker who is also a victim of sexual assault and gender-based violence; Salander stands up to patriarchy and fights for justice. The Patriarchy The patriarchy is a social system where men hold power over women in society, economy, and politics. It manifests in various ways, including gender-based violence, sexual harassment, the gender pay gap, and the under-representation of women in leadership positions. The patriarchal system is one that Lisbeth Salander has had to navigate from a very young age. Lisbeth Salander- A Feminist Heroine Lisbeth Salander can be seen as a feminist icon as she challenges the patriarchal systems that have oppressed her. Her character is a testament to the resilience of women who have been victimized by violence and abuse. Lisbeth is a woman who refuses to be a victim and is constantly fighting for justice. Resilience and Strength Despite the trauma and violence that Lisbeth experiences, she refuses to be a victim. Her strength and resilience are evident throughout the book. Even after being sexually assaulted by her guardian, Lisbeth does not let this trauma define her or control her life. She continues to fight for justice and takes matters into her own hands. Fighting Violence and Abuse Being a victim of gender-based violence and abuse, Lisbeth takes it upon herself to fight against it. Rather than succumbing to societal norms that blame the victim, she seeks revenge on her abuser and those who have enabled him. Her actions are a response to the inadequacy of the patriarchal justice system, where she was not believed or taken seriously when she reported the abuse she faced. Breaking Gender Stereotypes Lisbeth Salander challenges gender norms and stereotypes. Her appearance, which is unconventional for a woman, is one way in which she challenges societal expectations of what a woman should look like. She is also a skilled computer hacker and is often seen in male-dominated spaces working alongside men. By breaking gender stereotypes, Salander shows that women can excel and be successful in areas that are dominated by men. Lisbeth Salander is a feminist heroine and an inspirational character for all women. Her resilience, strength, and willingness to fight against patriarchal systems are a reminder that women are capable of anything. The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo is an excellent example of how literature can be used to challenge traditional gender roles and inspire women to stand up for themselves and demand justice.
Conventional In-Person Therapy. How Many Employees Does Betterhelp Have . Traditional in-person treatment is still the most popular form of therapy. It includes meeting with a therapist face-to-face at their workplace. Here's how traditional in-person therapy compares to BetterHelp. Among the most significant advantages of BetterHelp is benefit. With online therapy, you can access treatment from the convenience of your own house, at a time that suits you. In-person treatment, on the other hand, requires you to schedule visits and commute to your therapist's workplace. The cost of therapy can be a barrier for many people. In-person treatment is usually more expensive than online therapy. BetterHelp uses more economical rates strategies compared to conventional in-person treatment. Personal privacy When it comes to therapy, privacy is an issue for many individuals. With BetterHelp, you can access therapy from the comfort of your own home, which can supply a sense of privacy. In-person treatment, on the other hand, requires you to consult with a therapist face-to-face at their office. Therapist Choice Your options for therapists may be limited by your area when it comes to in-person treatment. With BetterHelp, you have access to a larger network of therapists, which indicates that you have a better chance of finding a therapist who is a great fit for you. In conclusion, BetterHelp treatment uses numerous benefits over conventional in-person therapy, consisting of therapist, cost, and benefit selection. While there are other online therapy platforms available, BetterHelp stands apart for its large network of therapists and inexpensive pricing strategies. Ultimately, the option in between online therapy and traditional in-person therapy boils down to personal preference and private requirements. Treatment can be useful for a wide range of psychological health conditions. In this article, we'll explore 10 different conditions that people might have and how treatment can help. Anxiety is a typical mental health condition that affects millions of individuals worldwide. Treatment can assist by supplying a safe space to speak about your emotions and sensations. A therapist can assist you determine unfavorable thought patterns and behaviors and work with you to establish coping methods and favorable routines. Stress and anxiety is another common psychological health condition that can be incapacitating. Treatment can assist by teaching you relaxation techniques, such as deep breathing and mindfulness, and dealing with you to establish coping techniques to manage anxiety triggers. PTSD, or post-traumatic stress disorder, is a psychological health condition that can develop after experiencing or experiencing a traumatic occasion. Therapy can help by providing a safe area to process the injury and establish coping techniques to manage the symptoms of PTSD. OCD, or obsessive-compulsive disorder, is a psychological health condition defined by compulsive behaviors and intrusive ideas. Therapy can assist by teaching you how to recognize and handle these habits and ideas, in addition to establish coping techniques to manage the signs of OCD. How Many Employees Does Betterhelp Have Bipolar illness Bipolar disorder is a psychological health condition identified by severe mood swings, varying from depressive episodes to manic episodes. Therapy can help by offering assistance and assistance in managing these mood swings, establishing coping methods, and enhancing communication skills. Eating disorders Eating disorders, such as anorexia and bulimia, are mental health conditions that can have serious physical consequences. Treatment can help by attending to the underlying mental and emotional issues that contribute to the eating disorder, along with developing strategies to handle the physical signs. Drug abuse Drug abuse can be a difficult habit to break, however therapy can be an efficient tool in managing addiction. Treatment can help by resolving the underlying emotional and mental concerns that contribute to drug abuse, as well as developing techniques to handle yearnings and activates. Relationship problems Relationship issues, such as interaction problems and conflict, can have a significant effect on mental health. Treatment can help by providing a safe space to discuss these concerns and establish methods to improve interaction and fix dispute. Sorrow and loss can be a challenging experience to browse, but treatment can assist by providing support and assistance through the mourning procedure. A therapist can assist you determine and handle the emotions associated with sorrow and loss, along with develop coping methods to progress. Tension management Stress is a common experience for many people, however it can have negative influence on mental health. Treatment can assist by teaching relaxation methods and establishing coping methods to handle stress, as well as recognizing and dealing with the underlying psychological and psychological issues that add to tension. In conclusion, therapy can be an efficient tool in managing a wide variety of mental health conditions, from anxiety and stress and anxiety to drug abuse and relationship concerns. Think about looking for the support and guidance of a certified therapist if you are having a hard time with your psychological health. Seeing a therapist can have numerous benefits for a person's mental health and wellbeing. Here are some of the advantages of seeing a therapist from a mental perspective: Increased self-awareness One of the main benefits of seeing a therapist is increased self-awareness. A therapist can help you identify patterns in your behaviors, ideas, and emotions, along with the underlying beliefs and worths that drive them. By becoming more aware of these patterns, you can gain a deeper understanding of yourself and your inspirations, which can result in personal development and advancement. Improved psychological regulation Emotional guideline is the capability to handle and control one's emotions in an adaptive and healthy way. Seeing a therapist can help individuals discover and practice psychological regulation techniques, such as deep breathing and mindfulness, that can be handy in managing challenging emotions and minimizing stress. Much better social relationships Interpersonal relationships are an essential element of psychological health and wellness. Seeing a therapist can help individuals enhance their interaction abilities, assertiveness, and empathy, which can lead to healthier and more fulfilling relationships with others. Increased analytical skills Treatment can also assist people develop problem-solving abilities. By dealing with a therapist, individuals can find out to technique issues in a more effective and methodical way, determine possible solutions, and make decisions that are lined up with their worths and goals. Improved self-confidence Self-confidence describes an individual's sense of self-respect and value. Seeing a therapist can assist people recognize and challenge negative self-talk and beliefs that can contribute to low self-esteem. Through treatment, people can discover to establish a more practical and positive self-image, which can lead to increased self-confidence and self-regard. Improved coping skills Coping abilities are methods and strategies that individuals utilize to handle stress and misfortune. Seeing a therapist can assist individuals establish and practice coping skills that are tailored to their specific requirements and preferences. Coping abilities can include mindfulness, relaxation strategies, problem-solving, and social assistance, among others. Lowered signs of mental illness Treatment can also work in reducing symptoms of mental illness, such as anxiety, stress and anxiety, and trauma (PTSD). Therapists utilize evidence-based treatments, such as cognitive-behavioral treatment (CBT), dialectical behavior therapy (DBT), and eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR), to assist individuals manage signs and enhance their total quality of life.
Seven Principles for Inclusive STEM Education (Dec 2020) This session presents practical classroom strategies and resources, informed by recent research, that bring the Girls in STEM Toolkit(GiST) Seven Principles for Inclusive STEM Education to life. You will walk away with an understanding of the current research landscape, ideas and contemporary resources to help you create an engaging and inclusive STEM classroom or program. Additional details Year band(s) \| Foundation, 1-2, 3-4, 5-6, 7-8, 9-10 \| Content type \| Professional learning \| Format \| Video \| Keywords \| Webinar \| Integrated, cross-curriculum, special needs \| STEM, Girls in Tech \| Organisation \| ESA \| Copyright \| Creative Commons Attribution 4.0, unless otherwise indicated. \| Related resources A matter of style In this lesson sequence, students using the Zen Garden website reflect on criteria for effective design. Google CS First: Storytelling CS First: Storytelling guides students to use block-based coding in Scratch projects through a series of themed activities. Baringa State Primary School: Implementation of STEM Baringa PS uses a cross-disciplinary approach that integrates STEM disciplines around relevant contexts (ie a problem, question, product or issue). Parramatta Marist High: Building a programming mindset Kelly Bauer explains how video games are the starting point for Year 7 students at Parramatta Marist High to learn about coding. Torrens Valley Christian School: New subject at Year 10 Fiona Clayton describes how their Year 10 Digital Technologies subject has had an impact on numbers opting to go on and study in this area.
The act of spray painting can take on many forms, from simple tags or signatures to complex murals that cover entire buildings. Graffiti artists often use spray paint to express their political views, social commentary, or personal beliefs. Some see it as a form of artistic expression, while others view it as a destructive act that undermines the fabric of society. The act of spray painting is often associated with criminal activity, as it is illegal in most jurisdictions to deface public or private property without permission. Those caught spray painting can face fines, community service, or even jail time. Despite the risks, many graffiti artists continue to create their art in public spaces, often risking arrest or injury in the process. There are many different styles of spray painting, ranging from simple tags to elaborate murals that cover entire buildings. Some artists specialize in creating realistic images using only spray paint, while others focus on abstract designs or lettering. Regardless of the style, spray painting requires skill, practice, and a willingness to take risks. While some may view spray painting as a form of vandalism, others see it as a legitimate form of artistic expression. Many cities have embraced graffiti art as a way to beautify public spaces and promote cultural diversity. Some artists have even gained international recognition for their work, with galleries and museums showcasing their pieces alongside more traditional forms of art. Despite its controversial nature, spray painting remains a popular form of expression among urban youth. Whether viewed as a form of rebellion or artistic expression, spray painting continues to capture the attention of those who seek to challenge the status quo and express themselves in unconventional ways. - "Spray Painted" can be used in a lot of different ways. For example: - - "I hate that guy so much, I wish someone would spray paint his face." - - "I spray painted my ex's car last night. It felt great!" - - "That politician is so corrupt, he must have been spray painted with money." - - "This party is so boring, let's go get spray painted and liven things up." - - "I heard that new restaurant has really bad food. Their kitchen must have been spray painted with rat poison."
The use of digital tools for health care continued to grow in2018, and also saw a change of direction, as people increasinglyused wearable devices to manage health conditions,as opposed to tracking fitness. The report also explored consumercommitment to digital health devices and the issue of data privacy. \|The findings are part of a new report by Rock Health, a digital healthventure fund that has surveyed consumers about digital health since2015. The new report said use of digital health tools grew again in2018, after a pause in growth in 2017. The study found that 89percent of respondents used at least one digital health tool lastyear. \|Related: Fitbit setting its focus on employer health andwellness plans \|Tools included in the survey were telemedicine video visits, wearable devices,mobile tracking devices, online provider reviews, and online healthinformation. Since 2015, telemedicine use has grown from 7 percentof respondents to 34 percent. Use of wearables went from 13 percentto 33 percent. Mobile tracking use went from 18 percent to 28percent. Online provider reviews grew 14 percent, from 50 percentto 64 percent. And the most commonly used tool, finding onlinehealth information, grew from 71 percent to 80 percent ofrespondents. A shift from fitness to health management The study said one of its biggest findings was a dramatic changein how consumers used digital tools—respondents said they wereusing such tools more to manage their health and less to motivatefitness. \|"Monitoring physical activity remains the top reason forwearable use, but only 44 percent of wearable owners cited physicalactivity as the top reason for their wearable use, down from 54percent in 2017," the report said. "This 10 percent decrease ismirrored by a 10 percent increase in respondents using a wearableto manage a diagnosis. Wearables are morphing from their originalfitness and wellness label into a tracker that can be clinicallymeaningful to patients—and perhaps even providers." The study alsonoted a jump in the use of devices to help people sleep better:from 27 percent in 2017 to 31 percent in 2018. \|Another finding was a surge in adoption rates fortelemedicine—although most of that was among urban consumers.Telemedicine is often seen as a way to bring more care options torural areas, but the survey found more use of this technology inurban areas. "Adoption of at least one form of telemedicine was 67percent for rural residents and 80 percent for urban residents,"the report said. \|In fact, the report said that older rural consumers are beingleft behind in this area of technology. Part of the problem may betied to marketing the technology, authors said. "Only 17 percent ofrural respondents aged 35-plus utilized video telemedicine in2018—19 percentage points less than rural respondents aged 18 to34, and 29 percentage points less than urban residents aged35-plus," they wrote. "Perhaps this outcome isn't toosurprising—just a quick glance at the marketing of well-funded,telemedicine-based startups makes it clear that they are targetingtech-savvy millennials." Unique challenges to adoption—and commitment The study also acknowledged it hasn't been all smooth sailingfor the digital health industry. "Discontinued wearable use stillplagues the sector—many a step tracker sits at the bottom of adrawer," the study said. "In 2018, 39 percent of wearable usersstopped using their wearable, marking a substantial jump from 27percent in 2017. This is significant—the number of respondents whostopped using a wearable in 2018 was larger than the increase inrespondents who adopted a wearable from 2017 to 2018." \|However, the report's authors added, the trend toward clinicaluse rather than just as a way to track fitness, should make thewearable market more "sticky." The use of devices for managinghealth problems has value for providers and will give consumersmore incentive to continue use, they said. \|And interest from innovative companies and investors continuesto be high, the report notes, pointing to a joint venture between Apple and Aetna inencouraging healthy behaviors among consumers who buy an Applewatch. \|The study also tracked a change in how consumers feel aboutsharing health care data. Consumers may be responding to headlinesabout large corporations being victims of data breaches in recentyears—the study found a nearly 9 percent drop in respondentswilling to share data with health care entities such as providers,researchers, and insurance companies. Physicians still scoredhighly (72 percent of respondents were willing to share data), butof note for this study, tech companies came in last, with only 11percent of respondents willing to share data with thosecompanies. \|Read more: Complete your profile to continue reading and get FREE access to BenefitsPRO, part of your ALM digital membership. Your access to unlimited BenefitsPRO content isn't changing. 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What keeps you from being a happy mother? The mental traps that lie behind many bad experiences related to motherhood. It seems that we are becoming more and more aware that, if this life has any meaning, it is to live it from happiness. To enjoy the good moments, the feeling of inner fullness that makes us feel better than anything else. To be aware of all the wonderful things we have in the form of family, friends, experiences, material goods, health? In short, to be aware that I have plenty of reasons to be happy. It is exactly the same with parenthood.. In the past, we used to see couples who seemed to have children simply because it was the right time, because it was the normal thing to do. But now we are much more aware that motherhood (and fatherhood) is one of the most relevant and beautiful things that can happen in life. Motherhood, fatherhood and happiness Until a generation or two ago, "raising children" was an obstacle course that had to be overcome.. Survival was far above enjoyment, and it seemed that pursuing one's own and the child's happiness was relegated to the bottom of the list of priorities. It was considered absurd. A mother's or father's mission was to produce useful, responsible and hard-working children. Whether or not children and parents were happy was a consequence of the work and standard of living they achieved. In spite of this, the happiness levels of those generations were much higher than those of today's generation. Curiously, now that we focus on raising happier children, and seek personal self-fulfillment through parenthood, our levels of stress, anxiety and depression derived from raising and educating our children are much higher. What is the reason for this contradiction? In a way this is explained by the very nature of our mind. It is programmed for many very important things, but one of them is not happiness. Survival, becoming better and better, living in society, are some of the functions it helps us to fulfill. Like any currency, it has a double side which is the real problem.. 1. Survival above all else To survive, you have to anticipate the problems you may encounter along the way. Therefore, thinking about what might happen to you and finding ways to avoid it is one of the functions of the mind.. Besides, the mind loves routine. It is a way to achieve that survival. "If what I did yesterday allowed me to stay alive, I will do it again today." This is the approach, even if happiness is in the background. The mind's mission in this regard with respect to motherhood leads you to to live pending of the bad things that can happen to your child.. For example, adolescence "is full of dangers" nowadays, isn't it? Addictions, bullying, juvenile depression, dropping out of school? There is a lot of talk about it in the media, and automatically the mind leads you to live it as if it were going to happen to you, and to look for ways to avoid it at all costs. 2. Reach your best version To be better and better, to feel that you are improving, that you are "your best version", is a noble aspiration, don't you think? This improvement will lead us to feel more fulfilled, happier. But we return to the double side of the coin. In order to improve, what do I have to pay attention to? Yes, of course, what I do wrong. That's why your mind (and mine) is always on the lookout to show you and to show you and remind you of what you were not perfect in.. It invites you to learn, but under the old expression "the letter enters with blood". In the case of parenting with your children, this search to be a better mother each time, and for your child to be better each time, leads you to continuous criticism (towards you and towards him/her), to think that, although things are good, they could be better, and to repeat to yourself what is not good and should be improved. This way of acting is the source of the low self-esteem that so many times our children suffer and that can be seen when they reach adolescence. 3. Integrated and with friends One of the sources of the progress of the human being has been the capacity to organize itself and to live in society.. It distinguishes us from many other "inferior" species (but that curiously seem much happier). There is nothing better to live in society than to look like your peers. To adapt to what the majority dictates, to be part of that community on a physical, attitudinal and emotional level to generate the feeling of belonging that gives us so much security, right? However, once again, there is a "but". This need to "fit in", leads us to realize how different our life is from that of others.. Because we are aware of our fears, longings and personal and emotional deficits, while in our eyes, others lead a life of apparent peace, harmony and happiness. What would they think of me if they knew my "dark secret?". Once again, our minds are playing tricks on us. As parents, repeating to our little ones "what will others think of you?" or making them feel different and therefore judged by others, creates a sense of isolation that distances them from that ideal sociability. Moreover, as a mother you will be facing motherhood in a way that is painful to you, and this will become an obstacle to feeling happy. Who controls your mind? Faced with such a dark present, it is not easy to find a way out. There are people who explain the mind as a runaway horse that drags you if you do not know how to tame it. I don't think so. For me, the mind is more like a speeding freight truck full of flammable material whose driver suffers from narcolepsy attacks (what a scene, don't you think?). Imagine, the danger is constant. The strength of the mind lies in its overwhelming volume. More than 60,000 thoughts a day accompany you from day to night. That's why, controlling the mind is no easy task.. It is about realizing when it is useful and when it is not. Faced with such a constant volume of information, our mission must be to discern when it is really helping us to be happier parents, and when it is showing us the other unpleasant side of the coin, the one that takes us away from happiness.the one that keeps us away from happiness. So what is stopping you from being a happy mother? In order to differentiate what is useful for you to be happy from what is not, I leave you some important keys. Above all, the goal with them is that you are able to identify when your mind is taking that path and is separating you from your personal well-being. 1. Avoid expectations The need to know what is going to happen is inherent to the mind, to have everything under control (or to believe that you have it). But forget about it, it is not possible to achieve it. No matter how hard you try, you will not be able to write your son or daughter's life.. Let yourself be surprised, and focus on the positive things you can do for him or her now. Identify the beliefs that limit you. Faced with the daily volume of information that resonates in our head, there are messages installed in our minds that prevent us from feeling good, and that arise simply because "it has always been this way"..... Remember that the mind loves routine if it made it survive, but what you believe prevents you from being happier. Realize what thoughts and habits you have had with your children that repeat themselves and keep you from feeling like a happy mother. Also, discover what attitudes you adopt simply because you lived them at home as a daughter. Here are some keys to start changing. 3. Focus your attention on what really matters. Wherever you put your attention, you contribute to the thoughts associated with that experience becoming bigger. Nowadays we have many occasions to "distract our attention" and stop it from operating properly (television, cell phone, social networks...). Realize that what can really make you feel like a happy mother is happening right now, and only by paying attention to it you will be able to enjoy it.. Your child will follow his stages as we have all followed them throughout our lives, but the most important is the one he is living today. By way of conclusion... As you can see, these three things are very simple but they need your commitment, your work and your perseverance. Empower your mind, develop your emotion regulation skills through Emotional Intelligence and Mindfulness so that you learn to recognize it, understand it and manage it as you need to live parenthood in a much more satisfactory way. That way you will realize that you really can be a happy mother. If you are encountering many problems in the process of establishing a good relationship with motherhood or fatherhood, I invite you to contact me; from Mindfulness and Emotional Intelligence empowerment tools, I can offer you a training plan in emotion management skills. (Updated at Apr 12 / 2024)
Chemical Properties and Reactions: – Fructose is a 6-carbon polyhydroxyketone that adopts a cyclic structure in solution and exists as an equilibrium mixture of various tautomers. – Fructose can be anaerobically fermented by yeast and bacteria, undergo Maillard reactions, and yield hydroxymethylfurfural upon dehydration. – Fructose's ability to rotate light makes it laevorotary, and it is known for its high sweetness and synergy with other sweeteners. – Fructose has a greater impact on freezing point depression and enhances starch viscosity more rapidly than sucrose. Nutritional Information and Food Sources: – Fructose provides 368 kcal per 100 grams of dry powder and has 95% the caloric value of sucrose by weight. – Natural sources of fructose include fruits, vegetables, and honey, and it is often concentrated from these sources. – Fructose exists in foods as a free monosaccharide or bound to glucose as sucrose, with varying levels in different foods. Absorption, Metabolism, and Health Implications: – Fructose absorption occurs in the small intestine and is facilitated by specific carriers, with exercise impacting absorption and metabolism affecting glycogen concentrations. – Excessive fructose consumption is linked to metabolic diseases, and fructose may impact endothelial function and overall health. – Fructose metabolism involves phosphorylation by fructokinase and can lead to glycogen and triglyceride synthesis. Cardiometabolic Diseases and Regulation: – Excess fructose consumption is associated with an increased risk of obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disorders. – Fructose is part of the metabolic syndrome, may increase triglycerides in type-2 diabetes, and has a lower glycemic index compared to glucose and sucrose. – Regulations exist for labeling fructose content in food products, and understanding fructose content is essential for dietary planning. Research, Studies, and Additional Information: – Studies investigate the effects of fructose on glycemic response, carbohydrate metabolism, and its role in metabolic diseases. – Research explores the sweetness levels of fructose compared to other sweeteners and continues to contribute to nutritional science. – Additional information includes NMR studies on fructose tautomers, fructose's synthesis into transportation fuels, and its detection in open-chain forms in solution. This article's lead section contains information that is not included elsewhere in the article. (March 2023) \| Fructose (/ˈfrʌktoʊs, -oʊz/), or fruit sugar, is a ketonic simple sugar found in many plants, where it is often bonded to glucose to form the disaccharide sucrose. It is one of the three dietary monosaccharides, along with glucose and galactose, that are absorbed by the gut directly into the blood of the portal vein during digestion. The liver then converts both fructose and galactose into glucose, so that dissolved glucose, known as blood sugar, is the only monosaccharide present in circulating blood. \| \|\|\| Haworth projection of β-d-fructofuranose \| \|\|\| \| \|\|\| Names \| \|\|\| IUPAC name \| \|\|\| Systematic IUPAC name (3S,4R,5R)-1,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexan-2-one \| \|\|\| Other names Fruit sugar, levulose, d-fructofuranose, d-fructose, d-arabino-hexulose \| \|\|\| Identifiers \| \|\|\| 3D model (JSmol) ChEBI \| \|\|\| ChEMBL \| \|\|\| ChemSpider \| \|\|\| ECHA InfoCard \| 100.000.303 \| \|\| EC Number \| \| \|\| PubChem CID CompTox Dashboard (EPA) \| \|\|\| \| \|\|\| Properties \| \|\|\| Molar mass \| 180.156 g·mol−1 \| \|\| Density \| 1.694 g/cm3 \| \|\| Melting point \| 103 °C (217 °F; 376 K) \| \|\| ~4000 g/L (25 °C) \| \|\|\| −102.60×10−6 cm3/mol \| \|\|\| Thermochemistry \| \|\|\| Std enthalpy of combustion (ΔcH⦵298) \| 675.6 kcal/mol (2,827 kJ/mol) (Higher heating value) \| \|\| Pharmacology \| \|\|\| Hazards \| \|\|\| Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): \| \|\|\| LD50 (median dose) 15000 mg/kg (intravenous, rabbit) \| \|\| Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Fructose was discovered by French chemist Augustin-Pierre Dubrunfaut in 1847. The name "fructose" was coined in 1857 by the English chemist William Allen Miller. Pure, dry fructose is a sweet, white, odorless, crystalline solid, and is the most water-soluble of all the sugars. Fructose is found in honey, tree and vine fruits, flowers, berries, and most root vegetables. Commercially, fructose is derived from sugar cane, sugar beets, and maize. High-fructose corn syrup is a mixture of glucose and fructose as monosaccharides. Sucrose is a compound with one molecule of glucose covalently linked to one molecule of fructose. All forms of fructose, including those found in fruits and juices, are commonly added to foods and drinks for palatability and taste enhancement, and for browning of some foods, such as baked goods. As of 2004, about 240,000 tonnes of crystalline fructose were being produced annually. Excessive consumption of sugars, including fructose, (especially from sugar-sweetened beverages) may contribute to insulin resistance, obesity, elevated LDL cholesterol and triglycerides, leading to metabolic syndrome. The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) stated in 2011 that fructose may be preferable over sucrose and glucose in sugar-sweetened foods and beverages because of its lower effect on postprandial blood sugar levels, while also noting the potential downside that "high intakes of fructose may lead to metabolic complications such as dyslipidaemia, insulin resistance, and increased visceral adiposity". The UK's Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition in 2015 disputed the claims of fructose causing metabolic disorders, stating that "there is insufficient evidence to demonstrate that fructose intake, at levels consumed in the normal UK diet, leads to adverse health outcomes independent of any effects related to its presence as a component of total and free sugars."
Welcome to our blog post on outsourcing essentials and how it can significantly improve the efficiency of your startup. As a startup ourselves, we understand the challenges and pressures that come with running a business, especially when it comes to managing limited resources and optimizing productivity. In this article, we will explore the benefits of outsourcing and how it can help businesses like yours enhance productivity and efficiency in your operations. Outsourcing has become an increasingly popular strategy for businesses to streamline processes, reduce costs, and gain access to specialized expertise. By entrusting specific tasks or functions to external partners, startups can free up valuable time and resources, allowing them to focus on their core business activities and areas of expertise. This not only boosts productivity but also enhances overall efficiency, enabling startups to stay competitive and adapt to market demands. Outsourcing offers numerous advantages, including cost savings, increased efficiency, and access to a global talent pool. It allows companies to tap into specialized resources that may not be available internally, enabling them to stay ahead of the curve and leverage the latest trends and technologies. The outsourcing process is highly adaptable, allowing startups to scale their operations rapidly and efficiently, offering them a competitive advantage in today's fast-paced business landscape. In the following sections, we will delve deeper into the different aspects of outsourcing and how it can benefit your startup's overall efficiency. We will discuss how outsourcing helps align resources with business priorities, reduce costs, enhance quality assurance, accelerate time-to-market, broaden market reach, ensure business continuity, and mitigate risks. Stay tuned for valuable insights and practical tips! Key Takeaways: - Outsourcing can significantly improve the efficiency of startups, allowing them to focus on core business activities and areas of expertise. - Benefits of outsourcing include cost savings, increased efficiency, and access to specialized expertise. - Outsourcing provides startups with the flexibility to scale operations rapidly and adapt to market demands. - Outsourcing helps align resources with business priorities, reduce costs, enhance quality assurance, accelerate time-to-market, broaden market reach, ensure business continuity, and mitigate risks. - By leveraging outsourcing, startups can optimize their efficiency and gain a competitive edge in the market. Recognizing the Role of Outsourcing in Startup Growth In this section, we will delve into the role of outsourcing in the growth of startups. Outsourcing has become an essential strategy for startups looking to increase efficiency, reduce costs, and gain a competitive advantage. By entrusting certain business functions to external experts, startups can focus on their core business activities and achieve higher levels of productivity. One of the key benefits of outsourcing is the ability to align resources with business priorities. Startups often have limited resources and need to allocate them strategically to drive growth. By outsourcing non-core activities such as IT support, customer service, or administrative tasks, startups can redirect their resources towards revenue-generating activities. This allows companies to optimize their operations and maximize their growth potential. Operational flexibility is another crucial aspect of scalability for startups. As businesses expand and experience fluctuations in demand, outsourcing provides the flexibility to adjust resources accordingly. By partnering with outsourcing service providers, startups can quickly scale their operations up or down, depending on market conditions. This adaptability ensures efficient resource utilization and helps startups remain agile in a dynamic business environment. The outsourcing model allows startups to tap into specialized expertise without the need to build internal teams from scratch. By outsourcing specific tasks to professionals with domain knowledge, startups can leverage the experience and skills of these experts, ensuring high-quality outputs. This not only improves efficiency but also enhances the overall performance of the startup. Overall, outsourcing plays a vital role in the growth and success of startups. It enables companies to reduce costs, increase efficiency, and focus on core business activities. By leveraging the advantages of outsourcing, startups can gain a competitive edge in their respective industries and achieve long-term sustainability. Navigating Financial Efficiency: The Outsourcing Advantage In today's competitive business landscape, startups are constantly looking for ways to reduce costs and improve their financial efficiency. One effective strategy that can yield significant cost savings in the long term is outsourcing finance and accounting services. By partnering with a trusted outsourcing provider, startups can lower costs, minimize overhead expenses, and ultimately improve their financial health. Outsourcing finance and accounting functions allows startups to tap into the expertise of professionals who specialize in these areas. These experts have the knowledge and experience to streamline financial processes, identify cost-saving opportunities, and optimize financial performance. By outsourcing tasks such as bookkeeping, payroll management, and tax preparation, startups can reduce labor costs associated with hiring and maintaining an in-house finance and accounting team. This not only saves money but also frees up valuable resources that can be allocated towards core business activities. Additionally, outsourcing finance and accounting services can help startups reduce their liabilities. By entrusting these functions to a dedicated outsourcing partner, startups can rely on their expertise to ensure compliance with financial regulations and minimize the risk of costly errors or penalties. One of the key advantages of outsourcing finance and accounting functions is the potential for long-term cost savings. Outsourcing providers often operate in countries with lower labor costs, allowing startups to access high-quality services at a lower cost compared to hiring local professionals. Furthermore, outsourcing finance and accounting functions can help startups minimize overhead costs. With an outsourcing partner handling these tasks, startups can avoid the expenses associated with setting up and maintaining an in-house accounting department, such as office space, equipment, and software licenses. This not only reduces fixed costs but also provides the flexibility to scale operations as needed. In conclusion, outsourcing finance and accounting services can be a highly effective strategy for startups looking to enhance their financial efficiency and reduce costs. By leveraging the expertise of outsourcing providers, startups can achieve long-term cost savings, lower overhead expenses, and minimize their liabilities. By doing so, startups can focus their resources on core business activities, drive growth, and gain a competitive edge in the market. Core Competencies: Sharpening Your Startup's Focus In order for startups to thrive in a competitive landscape, it is crucial to identify and refine their core competencies. Core competencies represent the unique capabilities and expertise that set a business apart from its competitors. By sharpening the focus on these core areas, startups can maximize their potential for success. Refining Product and Service Offerings One of the key aspects of sharpening your startup's focus on core competencies is to refine your product and service offerings. By understanding your target market and identifying the specific needs and preferences of your customers, you can streamline your offerings to deliver exceptional value. This may involve conducting market research, gathering customer feedback, and continuously iterating on your products and services to ensure they align with market demands. Outsourcing certain aspects of product development, such as manufacturing or distribution, can free up valuable resources and allow you to concentrate on refining and expanding your core offerings. Delegating Peripheral Activities to Increase Productivity An effective strategy for sharpening your startup's focus is to delegate peripheral activities to external resources. By outsourcing non-core tasks, such as administrative work, IT support, or customer service, you can free up your internal staff to focus on high-value activities directly related to your core competencies. Delegating these peripheral activities not only increases productivity but also improves the efficiency of your operations. By leveraging the expertise of external service providers, you can benefit from best practices and specialized knowledge, enabling your startup to operate more efficiently and effectively. Furthermore, outsourcing peripheral activities can provide access to a larger pool of talent and resources that would otherwise be unavailable to your startup. This allows you to tap into the expertise of professionals who specialize in these areas, giving you a competitive edge and ensuring that your business tasks are handled by the best in the field. By focusing on core competencies and delegating peripheral activities, startups can sharpen their focus and position themselves for growth and success. Outsourcing offers numerous benefits, allowing businesses to optimize their resources, increase productivity, and concentrate on what they do best. Embracing these best practices can take your startup to new heights. Time-to-Market Acceleration through Outsourcing In today's fast-paced business landscape, startups face the challenge of reducing time-to-market while maintaining operational efficiency. This is where outsourcing can play a crucial role. By partnering with an outsourced IT company and leveraging a remote team, startups can save valuable time, reduce costs, and streamline their development outsourcing process. Rapid Deployment of Specialized Teams One of the key benefits of outsourcing is the ability to rapidly deploy specialized teams. By outsourcing specific tasks or projects to experts in the field, startups can tap into a wealth of knowledge and experience, accelerating the overall development process. These specialized teams possess the skills and resources needed to tackle complex challenges, reducing the time-consuming aspects of product development. With diverse skill sets and a focused approach, outsourced teams can bring fresh perspectives and innovative solutions to the table. This collaboration can expedite the time-to-market, enabling startups to seize opportunities and gain a competitive edge. Benefiting from Agile Business Practices Outsourcing provides startups with the flexibility to adapt to changing market demands and leverage agile business practices. By partnering with an outsourced IT company, startups can scale their operations up or down rapidly, depending on their evolving needs. This adaptability allows them to respond quickly to market trends and customer requirements, reducing the time and effort required to meet new challenges. Moreover, outsourcing remote teams give startups access to a pool of talent from around the world. This global expertise brings diverse perspectives and up-to-date industry knowledge, enabling startups to stay ahead of the competition and leverage the latest trends. By incorporating agile practices into their processes, startups can streamline workflow, increase operational efficiency, and achieve faster time-to-market. In summary, outsourcing accelerates the time-to-market for startups by facilitating the rapid deployment of specialized teams and enabling the adoption of agile business practices. By partnering with an outsourced IT company and leveraging remote teams, startups can save time, reduce costs, and increase operational efficiency. This not only helps startups meet market demands but also positions them for long-term success. Outsourcing for Business Efficiency: Accessing Global Expertise In today's highly competitive business landscape, startups need to leverage specialized talent and high-quality resources to stay ahead. This is where outsourcing companies and service providers come in. By partnering with third-party vendors, startups can access specialized expertise from around the globe, ensuring that they have the necessary skills and resources to drive business efficiency. Outsourcing offers small businesses the opportunity to tap into a global talent pool that would otherwise be out of reach. Virtual assistants and service providers bring a wealth of knowledge and experience to the table, allowing startups to benefit from their specialized expertise. This access to specialized talent enables startups to streamline their operations and focus on core business activities, while leaving peripheral tasks in the hands of trusted professionals. Furthermore, outsourcing allows startups to make use of managed services, which provide ongoing support and assistance in various aspects of their business. Whether it's IT infrastructure, customer service, or marketing, startups can rely on outsourcing companies to provide high-quality services that meet their specific needs. This not only reduces the burden on internal staff but also ensures that the tasks are being handled by experts, resulting in enhanced efficiency and productivity. By outsourcing certain functions and tasks, startups can stay ahead of the competition by leveraging the specialized talent and resources offered by third-party service providers. This strategic partnership enables startups to access high-quality services and expertise that would be otherwise out of reach, allowing them to focus on their core strengths and stay competitive in the market. Benefits of Outsourcing for Business Efficiency \| Access to specialized talent from around the globe \| Reduction in peripheral tasks and focus on core business activities \| High-quality services provided by trusted professionals \| Enhanced efficiency and productivity through managed services \| Dynamic Scalability: The Power of Adaptive Outsourcing Partnerships In today's rapidly changing business landscape, dynamic scalability is crucial for the success of small businesses. Finding innovative ways to efficiently manage fluctuating demand and adjust service levels to align with different business growth phases can provide a competitive advantage. This is where adaptive outsourcing partnerships come into play. Outsourcing allows businesses to optimize their core business processes by leveraging the expertise of remote teams or specialized service providers. By outsourcing non-core activities, small businesses can streamline their operations and focus on their core competencies, enabling them to be more efficient and effective. One of the key benefits of outsourcing is its scalability. Outsourcing providers have the resources and flexibility to quickly scale up or down based on the fluctuating demand of their clients. Whether it's expanding the workforce during peak periods or reducing it during slower times, outsourcing allows businesses to easily adjust their service levels to meet the ever-changing needs of their customers. By outsourcing, businesses can also achieve cost savings. Outsourcing eliminates the need for businesses to invest in additional infrastructure or hire and train new employees to handle fluctuating demand. Instead, they can rely on their outsourcing partners to manage the resources and handle the workload as needed, reducing costs by outsourcing non-core activities. Furthermore, outsourcing enables businesses to stay ahead of the latest trends and technologies. Outsourcing partners are often at the forefront of industry advancements, continuously updating their knowledge and expertise. By partnering with these experts, small businesses can tap into the latest trends and technologies, gaining a competitive advantage in the market. In conclusion, dynamic scalability through adaptive outsourcing partnerships is essential for small businesses to thrive in today's competitive landscape. By efficiently managing fluctuating demand and adjusting service levels, businesses can optimize their core operations, reduce costs, and gain a competitive edge. Outsourcing provides a scalable solution that allows businesses to focus on their core competencies while relying on expert remote teams or specialized service providers. Embracing the latest trends and technologies through outsourcing can help small businesses stay ahead and adapt to the ever-evolving business environment. Risk Management in Startups: The Outsourcing Safety Net In the fast-paced and competitive world of startups, risk management is crucial for ensuring the long-term success and sustainability of the business. This is where outsourcing can serve as a valuable safety net for startups, helping them mitigate risks effectively while leveraging the knowledge and experience of outsourcing partners. Outsourcing enables startups to tap into the expertise of specialized service providers who have a deep understanding of risk management strategies. These outsourcing partners work closely with businesses of all sizes, providing tailored solutions that address specific risk areas relevant to the startup's industry and operations. By partnering with an outsourcing company that specializes in risk management, startups can benefit from: - Access to a team of professionals who have extensive knowledge and experience in identifying and mitigating potential risks. - Customized risk management solutions that are tailored to the unique needs of the startup. - Reducing your liabilities by transferring certain risks to the outsourcing partner, who will assume responsibility for managing them effectively. - Efficient risk assessment and identification, enabling startups to proactively address potential threats before they escalate. Outsourcing risk management allows startups to focus on their core business activities while leaving the complexities of risk assessment and management to the experts. This not only frees up valuable time and resources but also ensures that the startup is better equipped to navigate the challenges of a dynamic and ever-changing business landscape. By leveraging the benefits of outsourced risk management, startups can reduce the likelihood of financial losses, reputation damage, and other potential setbacks. With the support of an outsourcing partner, startups can develop a comprehensive risk management strategy that safeguards their interests, protects their stakeholders, and paves the way for sustainable growth and success. Quality Assurance: Upholding High Standards with Outsourcing In today's competitive business landscape, maintaining high standards is crucial for startups to thrive. One key aspect of ensuring quality is through effective quality assurance measures. By leveraging outsourcing, startups can tap into the expertise and resources of specialized service providers to achieve optimal quality levels and drive operational efficiency. Expertise in Product Testing and User Experience When it comes to product development, rigorous testing is essential to identify and rectify any potential issues or flaws. Outsourcing product testing to dedicated teams with expertise in quality assurance can significantly enhance the accuracy and reliability of the testing process. These specialized professionals have the necessary skill sets and knowledge to conduct comprehensive tests, ensuring that the end product meets the highest quality standards. Maintaining Reputation through Consistent Quality A startup's reputation is built on consistently delivering exceptional quality to its customers. By outsourcing quality assurance activities, startups can establish stringent quality control measures to maintain consistent levels of excellence. Through continuous monitoring, testing, and analysis, outsourcing partners can help identify areas for improvement and implement corrective actions to enhance quality and customer satisfaction. Furthermore, outsourcing quality assurance allows startups to optimize costs by eliminating the need for extensive in-house resources. With reduced overhead costs and access to specialized talent, startups can allocate their resources more strategically, focusing on core business activities while maintaining a stable and high-quality product or service offering. Benefits of Outsourcing Quality Assurance \| Operational Efficiency \| Increase Quality Standards \| Stable Overhead Costs \| Access to specialized expertise in quality assurance \| Optimized testing processes and efficient workflows \| Consistent adherence to quality standards \| Reduced overhead expenses through outsourcing \| Higher accuracy and reliability in product testing \| Streamlined quality control measures \| Enhanced customer satisfaction and brand reputation \| Ability to allocate resources strategically \| Continuous monitoring and improvement of quality \| Reduced time-to-market for high-quality products \| Access to cost-effective quality assurance services \| Broadening Market Reach: Outsourcing for Geographic Expansion In today's highly competitive business landscape, startups are constantly seeking innovative strategies to broaden their market reach and expand their customer base. One effective approach that has gained significant traction is outsourcing for geographic expansion. By leveraging the benefits of outsourcing, startups can tap into new markets, connect with diverse audiences, and gain a competitive advantage in the digital age. One of the key advantages of outsourcing for geographic expansion is the ability to tap into the expertise of local service providers. By partnering with outsourcing companies in target markets, startups can gain valuable insights into local consumer preferences, cultural nuances, and market trends. This enables them to tailor their products or services to meet the specific needs of their target audience, resulting in a more personalized and effective marketing approach. In addition to local expertise, outsourcing also allows startups to harness the power of digital marketing and social media to reach a broader audience. By collaborating with skilled digital marketing agencies, startups can develop robust online strategies that maximize their visibility and engagement across various social media platforms. With the right digital marketing tools and techniques, startups can attract and engage potential customers, build brand awareness, and drive targeted traffic to their websites or online stores. Furthermore, outsourcing for geographic expansion provides startups with a cost-effective way to enter new markets. By outsourcing certain business functions such as customer support or logistics, startups can significantly reduce labor costs and overhead expenses associated with setting up physical operations in a new location. This allows startups to allocate their resources more efficiently, invest in strategic growth initiatives, and achieve rapid business expansion. Another significant benefit of outsourcing for geographic expansion is the competitive advantage it affords startups. By partnering with outsourcing service providers, startups can access a wide range of specialized talents and resources that may not be available internally. This enables startups to enhance their capabilities, innovate more effectively, and deliver superior products or services to their target markets, ultimately gaining a competitive edge in their industry. In conclusion, outsourcing for geographic expansion offers startups a powerful means of broadening their market reach, expanding their customer base, and gaining a competitive advantage. By leveraging local expertise, harnessing the power of digital marketing and social media, reducing costs, and accessing specialized resources, startups can effectively navigate new markets and position themselves for long-term success. Ensuring Business Continuity with Strategic Outsourcing Choices In today's unpredictable business landscape, startups face numerous challenges that can disrupt their operations. However, with strategic outsourcing choices, startups can ensure business continuity even amidst market disruptions. By partnering with a reliable service provider or outsourced IT company, startups can leverage the expertise of a remote team to maintain operations with agility and efficiency. Maintaining Operations Amid Market Disruptions During market disruptions such as economic downturns or natural disasters, maintaining seamless business operations becomes crucial for startups. Outsourcing provides the flexibility to adapt and mitigate these challenges. By entrusting critical tasks to a diverse and knowledgeable remote team, startups can continue to deliver products or services to their customers without interruptions. "Outsourcing allows startups to overcome resource limitations during difficult times, ensuring uninterrupted service delivery and customer satisfaction." Whether it's managing customer support, IT infrastructure, or back-office processes, remote teams can swiftly address any operational issues and keep the business running smoothly. This scalability and on-demand availability of talent contribute to the long-term business continuity of startups. Leveraging Geographic Diversification for Service Stability Geographic diversification is key to minimizing risks and ensuring service stability for startups. By outsourcing to remote teams located in different regions, startups can mitigate the impact of localized disruptions. This approach offers an additional layer of protection against unforeseen circumstances that could disrupt operations if they relied solely on a single location. Furthermore, by tapping into the expertise and experience of remote teams across various locations, startups can gain a broader knowledge base and diverse perspectives. This allows them to enhance their problem-solving capabilities, ensure continuous service delivery, and maintain a competitive edge. By strategically selecting remote teams for outsourcing, startups can bolster their business continuity efforts and enhance their overall resilience. The knowledge and experience of these diversified teams, combined with geographic diversification, provide startups with the stability and flexibility needed to navigate uncertain times and ensure the continuity of their operations. Throughout this article, we have explored the benefits and significance of outsourcing for startups in enhancing efficiency and optimizing business operations. Outsourcing allows companies to reduce costs and save time, providing a competitive advantage in today's dynamic business landscape. By leveraging the expertise of external service providers, startups can focus on their core competencies and delegate peripheral tasks. This helps businesses stay agile, increase productivity, and refine their product and service offerings to meet market demand. Moreover, outsourcing provides startups with access to global expertise, allowing them to tap into specialized talent and stay ahead of the competition. It also enables efficient scalability, efficiently managing fluctuating demand and adjusting service levels as the business grows. In conclusion, adopting effective outsourcing strategies can bring numerous advantages to startups. It allows companies to optimize their operations, reduce costs, and save valuable time. By partnering with a reliable service provider, startups can navigate the outsourcing process and unlock the full potential of their business. What are the benefits of outsourcing for business efficiency? Outsourcing allows businesses to increase productivity and efficiency by focusing on core business activities, reducing costs, and gaining a competitive advantage. How can outsourcing help in the growth of a startup? Outsourcing allows startups to align resources with their priorities, direct capital towards revenue-generating activities, and achieve operational flexibility for scalability. How does outsourcing contribute to financial efficiency in startups? Outsourcing finance and accounting functions can help startups reduce costs, achieve long-term savings, and minimize overhead expenses, improving their financial health. What is the role of outsourcing in sharpening a startup's focus on core competencies? By delegating peripheral activities to outsourcing partners, startups can increase productivity and focus on their core strengths and expertise. How does outsourcing accelerate the time-to-market for startups? Rapid deployment of specialized teams and leveraging agile business practices through outsourcing helps startups reduce time-consuming processes and increase operational efficiency. How can outsourcing provide startups with access to global expertise? Outsourcing to specialized companies and service providers allows startups, even small businesses, to access high-quality resources and stay ahead by leveraging specialized talent. How does adaptive outsourcing help startups achieve dynamic scalability? By efficiently managing fluctuating demand and adjusting service levels according to different growth phases, startups can scale their operations with the help of outsourcing partnerships. How can outsourcing contribute to risk management for startups? Outsourcing provides a safety net for startups, helping mitigate risks and leveraging the knowledge and experience of outsourcing partners to protect the startup's interests. How does outsourcing contribute to quality assurance in startups? Outsourcing provides expertise in product testing and user experience, ensuring consistent quality standards and helping maintain the startup's reputation. How can outsourcing help startups broaden their market reach through geographic expansion? Outsourcing contributes to business expansion, expands the customer base, and leverages digital marketing and social media to gain a competitive advantage. How does outsourcing ensure business continuity for startups? By maintaining operations amid market disruptions and leveraging geographic diversification for service stability, startups can ensure their stability and resilience through strategic outsourcing choices.
Long COVID Blood Tests Show Distinct Immune and Hormone Function Algorithm may help predict who gets long COVID Sep 25, 2023 Blood, CSF Marker Detects Parkinsonian Disorders Enzyme also identified preclinical Lewy body disease Sep 20, 2023 Acrylic Window to the Brain; Chronic Fatigue Discovery; AI Spots Parkinson's Risk News and commentary from the world of neurology and neuroscience Sep 19, 2023 Many Medicare Patients Travel 50-Plus Miles for Neurology Visits Telemedicine can improve access to care, researchers argue Sep 15, 2023 Stroke Doesn't Have to Lead to Death or Disability Rapid, appropriate treatment can save lives and limit severe outcomes Sep 15, 2023 Huntington's Disease More Severe in Black Patients at Baseline Outreach to families of minority patients may help identify genetic disorder Sep 14, 2023 Dementia Risk Tied to Sedentary Lifestyle Ten hours or more a day of sedentary behavior raised risk of incident dementia Sep 12, 2023 Telomeres and Dementia; Cell Therapy and Parkinson's; Next Up: In Utero Neurology News and commentary from the world of neurology and neuroscience Sep 12, 2023 Ravulizumab Showed Preclinical Promise for ALS. What Happened? Phase III trial terminated for futility Sep 11, 2023 The Quest to Solve MS: 'It's a Story That's Optimistic' Stephen Hauser, MD, talks about The Face Laughs While the Brain Cries Sep 08, 2023 Rapid Genome Sequencing in Infants With Epilepsy Shows Immediate Benefit Pilot study suggests early testing for seizures, regardless of treatment setting Sep 07, 2023 Twin Study Ties Cognitive Decline With Earlier Traumatic Brain Injuries Twins with TBI at age 25 or older had sharper drops in cognition as they aged Sep 07, 2023 Sen. McConnell Reminds Us That 'Just a Fall' Can Lead to So Much More Falls should not be taken lightly, especially in older adults Sep 07, 2023 Deciding Who Is Dead: Physician Group Issues New Statement American College of Physicians adds to debate about redefining death Sep 05, 2023 Predicting ICU Outcomes; Post-Stroke Brain Stimulation Also in TTHealthWatch: effect of frailty on intensive blood pressure control Sep 02, 2023 podcast Post-COVID Cognitive Deficits Linked With Clotting Proteins Two blood biomarker profiles predicted cognition 6 and 12 months after infection Aug 31, 2023 Parkinson's and Plant-Based Diets; AI and Dementia; Why Do Some People Develop ALS? News and commentary from the world of neurology and neuroscience Aug 29, 2023 Brain Damage, Including CTE, Seen in Athletes Who Died Young Cognitive, behavioral symptoms frequent among brain donors under age 30 Aug 28, 2023 Dementia Risk From Midlife Onward Predicted With New Tool Novel 14-year risk score draws largely on modifiable risk factors Aug 24, 2023 Novel Brain Implants Help Paralyzed People Speak Faster, More Accurately Groundbreaking system helps woman with paralysis communicate through a digital avatar Aug 23, 2023 Retinal Changes Emerge Years Before Parkinson's Disease OCT data may one day contribute to Parkinson's screening Aug 22, 2023 Dementia Tied to Physical Inactivity; Migraine in the ED; Human Brain Project Ends News and commentary from the world of neurology and neuroscience Aug 22, 2023 Diet, Stress Reduction During Pregnancy Improved Outcomes for Moms and Kids Healthy lifestyle interventions improved fertility, postnatal outcomes in two studies Aug 22, 2023 Huntington's Disease Chorea Gets New Treatment Thumbs up for the VMAT2 inhibitor valbenazine, FDA says Aug 21, 2023 Toddlers' Screen Time Linked to Delayed Development More time on devices at 1 year was associated with specific delays at 2 and 4 years Aug 21, 2023 HIV Patient With Movement Disorder Has Different Symptoms on Left and Right Sides An unusual manifestation of cerebral toxoplasmosis Aug 21, 2023 Experts Warn on Mixing New Alzheimer's Drug and Antidepressants Patients starting SSRIs and lecanemab may warrant close monitoring Aug 18, 2023 Few Early Alzheimer's Patients Qualify for Lecanemab Inclusion and exclusion criteria whittle down pool of eligible treatment candidates Aug 16, 2023 Brain Signals Reconstruct Pink Floyd Song "Another Brick in the Wall" decoded from brain activity Aug 15, 2023 Alzheimer's Protector Genes; West Nile and MS; What a 101-Year-Old Neurologist Eats News and commentary from the world of neurology and neuroscience Aug 15, 2023 Later Prenatal Magnesium No Help for Kids' Cerebral Palsy Risk "Care must be taken to avoid therapeutic creep," say editorialists Aug 15, 2023 Dementia Risk Tied to Wildfire Particulates, Other Air Pollution "High smoke days might be taking a toll on our brains" Aug 14, 2023 Dementia-Infection Link; NfL and Kids; Wobbly Cat Boosts Brain Disease Awareness News and commentary from the world of neurology and neuroscience Aug 08, 2023 Woman Presents With Severe Pruritus on Both Arms Symptoms have persisted for years, despite a variety of topical and systemic treatments Aug 07, 2023 Quest's Alzheimer's Blood Test Has Experts Concerned "Patients will have a difficult time knowing what the results mean" Aug 07, 2023 Neurodevelopment After Prenatal Exposure to Newer Epilepsy Drugs Tracked for 3 Years Commonly prescribed anti-seizure medications did not show worse outcomes Aug 04, 2023 Novel Drug Reduces Acute Pain After Common Surgeries Investigational sodium channel blocker shows benefit in two trials Aug 02, 2023 Hand Motions Predict Memory Impairment; APOE4 Smell Loss; Alzheimer's Drug Guidance News and commentary from the world of neurology and neuroscience Aug 01, 2023
Digital Transformation to Improve Operational Efficiency Attaining operational excellence in a competitive environment can be challenging. Despite the abundance of advanced technological features, business operations leaders are responsible for discerning and implementing effective strategies. This is where digital transformation proves invaluable, as it was previously impossible to bridge the gap between technology and operational excellence. Digital transformation facilitates the organization's competitive advantage and improves operational excellence or efficiency. It entails merging operational excellence strategies and principles with software solutions within the organization. New Challenges in The Digital Era Companies must update and implement new tools, technologies, and platforms which are highly significant for business success. Change and innovation projects are becoming highly prevalent as a response to the need for companies to adapt to a new digital reality. Hence, digital transformation must be seen as the mechanism by which organizations reorganize strategies and processes, acquiring benefits via the inclusion and implementation of digital technologies by moving towards - Integrating digital advancements across all aspects of a company, encompassing the entire value chain and involving customers and suppliers universally. - Utilizing contemporary technologies like AI, Cloud computing, Big Data, IoT, I3D, BIM, and robotics within the organization. Strategies to Increase Operational Excellence Digital transformation within a business opens vast possibilities for innovation and offers a competitive edge, necessitating a comprehensive overhaul of the organization's culture, strategy, technology, and operations changes. Throughout this transformative journey, processes and data hold a crucial position as improving the operational efficiency ratio is no longer merely an optional metric for entities but a mandatory prerequisite to embrace and demonstrate the success and efficiency of digital transformation. - Organizational culture: Digital transformation indicates a change in the work culture and the implementation of new work models of technological change. In this mechanism, it is highly significant to prepare employees for this change, implementing new technical competencies and skills to improve operational excellence. - Innovation: The company should involve their employees in the strategic objectives to produce a suitable organizational environment that enables innovation processes to occur, whether they are functional, organizational, or operational. - Technology: To take advantage of digital transformation in companies, it is crucial to enhance producers by adopting innovative technologies which will directly affect operational efficiency, translating into greater productivity. For instance, for managing business properties, appropriate solutions should be performed to enhance the efficiency of operations, increase the availability of productive assets, and directly affect the organization's loss and profit account. The Benefits of Digital Transformation for Operational Excellence The integration of digital technologies empowers organizations to enhance their business operations and accomplish highly ambitious operational goals. This serves as the primary reason for contemporary executives to grasp fundamental concepts related to enterprise digital transformation strategies and comprehend methods to streamline expenses and increase efficiency through technology. Even if senior managers and C-level executives possess limited knowledge about state-of-the-art technologies, they still need to recognize and value their significance. In practical terms, the digital transformation of an enterprise lead to the following benefits: - Enhanced customer experience: Digital technologies like AI and Big Data analytics allow companies to customize the user experience in ways that bring revenue growth and customer satisfaction. Consequently, the application of mobile devices enables organizations to provide customized offers depending on their user's location or preferences. - Reduced costs: State-of-the-art digital tools allow the automation of organizational tasks leveraging technologies such as smart objects, Robotic Process Automation (RPA), and the Internet of Things (IoT). Automation decreases human mistakes and significantly reduces efficient operations costs. - Increased productivity: Digitalization simplifies work by automating tasks that previously necessitated manual intervention, such as completing forms or making online reservations. Alongside reducing error-prone procedures, it enables enterprises to accomplish more within shorter timeframes. For example, contemporary AI systems can handle significantly more information than humans can analyze, leading to substantial gains in productivity. - Increased revenues: Credits to state-of-the-art digital technologies industries can make more revenue by identifying new markets they could not access. Moreover, they can enhance their marketing and sales outreach in cost-effective strategies. - Improve agility and flexibility: Digital technology allows companies to remain flexible and agile while adapting to changes in their business surroundings. They support organizations in developing fast and effective responses to reforming situations like economic crises and supply chain disruptions. How to Achieve Operational Excellence in Various Sectors Digital transformation encompasses more than simply adopting new technologies; it involves changing business processes to enhance productivity and efficiency. Most significantly, it entails integrating digital capabilities with enterprise processes to achieve brilliant outcomes. For over a decade, various sectors have effectively implemented this alignment between digital technologies and business operations. Below are a few examples from different industries: - Retail industry: The retail sector has significantly shifted in the past few years. The integration of digital technologies and innovative business models has brought about a more challenging and intricate landscape. In practical terms, Digital transformation has empowered retailers to enhance the customer journey through tailored suggestions and forecasts. Moreover, it has facilitated them to attain operational excellence in supply chains through demand prediction and optimizing delivery routes. - Healthcare: Digital transformation in the healthcare industry uses data analytics to enhance patient outcomes, minimize expenses, and boost efficacy. Furthermore, it enables healthcare providers to optimize cost management by reducing expenditures on medications and medical equipment while enhancing the standard of care through data analysis. Consequently, healthcare organizations harness the power of digital technologies to excel in areas such as healthcare delivery and pharmaceutical innovation. - Manufacturing: Digital transformation enhances production quality and implements excellence methodologies such as Six Sigma and Total Quality Management. Manufacturers can employ robust digital twins that reduce production process errors and enhance overall performance. Moreover, the industry's digital transformation encompasses interconnected machinery and production lines capable of gathering, analyzing, and optimizing data. Additionally, digital transformations enable manufacturers to respond quickly to user demands by producing new products quicker. These supply chain optimizations and flexibility in meeting customer requests are grounds for excellent operational strategies. - Banking and finance: Financial institutions are progressively adopting digital technologies to unlock higher levels of efficiency, effectiveness, and customer interaction. These technologies include artificial intelligence (AI), cloud computing, and blockchain. By leveraging these tools, financial organizations implement digital transformation initiatives that enhance excellence in anti-money laundering and other compliance procedures. Introducing such digital technologies has also enabled banks to strengthen their operational processes, streamlining customer interactions and fostering seamless business transactions. Digital tools and technologies are powerful aspects for understanding operational excellence journeys via supporting organizations in enhancing customer services, improving revenues, eradicating costs, and offering an effective brand experience.
In the world of folklore mamgatoto and mythology, there exist beings of marvel and thriller, creatures whose existence straddles the boundary between creativeness and fact. Among these, one sticks out as especially enigmatic: the Mamgatoto. Shrouded in legend and whispered stories, the Magatoto has captivated the imaginations of human beings throughout cultures for centuries. But what precisely is a Mamatoto, and why does it continue to intrigue us today? Origins and Legends The origins of the Mamgatot are as numerous because of the cultures that speak of it. In some traditions, it's miles defined as a benevolent father or mother spirit, a gentle creature that watches over youngsters as they sleep, keeping off nightmares and presenting comfort inside the darkness of the night. Other stories paint an extra ominous photo, depicting the Mamgatoto as a mischievous trickster, capable of taking vacationers off target with its beguiling songs and illusions. One not unusual thread that runs through many Mmgatoto legends is its association with the herbal international. Often depicted as a creature of the forest or the ocean, the Mamgatoto is said to own a deep connection to the land and its population. Some consider it to be a form-shifter, capable of taking the form of any creature it encounters, while others declare it has the strength to talk with animals and plants alike. Despite the versions in its depiction, one aspect remains constant: the Mamgatoto is a symbol of the unknown, a reminder that there are nonetheless mysteries within the international waiting to be observed. Cultural Significance The Mamgatoto holds a special place within the folklore of many cultures around the arena. In a few African traditions, it is revered as a sacred spirit, invoked in rituals to convey safety and exact fortune to folks who name upon it. In South American mythology, its miles are regularly associated with the rainforest, in which it is said to stay much of the lush greenery, unseen by human eyes. In Japan, the Mamgatoto is called the Kodama, a tree spirit that inhabits the ancient forests of the USA. According to legend, stressful the trees that reside in those spirits can bring about misfortune and calamity, making them objects of reverence and recognition. Even in cutting-edge times, the Mamgatoto keeps capturing the imagination of people around the world. Its image can be determined in literature, artwork, and movies, in which it serves as a symbol of the mystical and the unknown. Interpretations and Symbolism Like many legendary creatures, the Mamgatoto is open to interpretation, with one-of-a-kind cultures and people ascribing their meanings to it. For a few, it represents the untamed desert, a reminder of the strength and splendor of the herbal world. For others, it embodies the concept of transformation and exchange, as it's far regularly depicted as a form-shifter able to assume exceptional forms. In a global that frequently feels more and more interconnected and technological, the Mamgatoto serves as a reminder of the significance of preserving a connection to the earth and its creatures. It reminds us that there's nonetheless magic to be discovered within the international if we're inclined to look for it. The Legacy of the Mamgatoto Despite its mythical origins, the legacy of the Mamgatoto continues to endure in the modern global. Its photo can be located in famous lifestyle, wherein it's been immortalized in books, movies, and television suggests. It has stimulated artists and writers alike, who continue to explore its mysteries and reimagine its tale for brand new generations. But possibly the actual legacy of the Mamgatoto lies no longer in its depiction in famous culture, however, inside the way, it continues to inspire surprise and interest in people who stumble upon it. In a global that regularly feels increasingly more mundane and predictable, the Mamgatoto serves as a reminder that there are still mysteries ready to be uncovered if only we're willing to open our eyes and notice. The Mamgatoto is greater than only a creature of delusion and legend; it is a symbol of the long-lasting electricity of the human imagination. Across cultures and generations, it has captured the hearts and minds of human beings around the world, inspiring awe and marvel in all who come across it. Whether it's far regarded as a guardian spirit, a trickster, or something else entirely, the Mamgatoto serves as a reminder that there is still magic to be determined in the world, if we are willing to believe. So the next time you discover yourself strolling through a forest or looking out at the ocean, keep your eyes open, for you by no means know while you would possibly catch a glimpse of the elusive Mamgatoto, watching silently from the shadows.
Is a mobility tech company and auto provider that's bringing synthetic intelligence to their manufacturing and autonomous driving systems. Though many consider personal, autonomous automobiles are the longer term, there are a number of methods by which AI and machine studying are being carried out in how automobiles are constructed and the way they function on the highway. AI in cars aims to improve vehicle safety, increase gasoline efficiency and supply drivers with enhanced connectivity features. In parallel, the model new vitality car market has additionally gained recognition. Nearly 918,500 plug-in electric mild vehicles were bought in the U.S. in 2022—a fifty one.17 p.c year-over-year increase. The Tesla Model Y was among the many 5 best-selling passenger automobiles and sport-utility autos in 2022, with the Model 3 additionally in the high fifteen. For More Information You can visit: Automotive News We need everyone's drive to be electric—so we're working exhausting to ensure there's an electrical automobile for each drive. When you search on the web to download this software, it exhibits so many web sites to download KMSauto lite. But you have to be careful to download a real copy of this software program. snyder automotive Starship's robots have accomplished more than 4 million deliveries, in accordance with its web site. Here's how a quantity of firms are using synthetic intelligence in cars for driver-assisted technologies to make the roads safer. Here are a couple of examples of how sensible machinery and AI-powered systems are making automotive production lines more efficient. With over 85 million automobiles produced globally in 2022, it's no surprise manufacturers are looking for out equipment and methods to boost production. Though AI is being applied at fast speed in a big selection of sectors, the way it's getting used in the automotive business is a hot-button problem. liberty automotive A small automotive with entry-level pricing, good gas economic system and suspension tuned for tough roads. Hyundai's most superior SUV, this model features wireless telephone charging pads and Smart Cruise Control that maintains a protected distance from different vehicles. This South Korean automotive giant was based Automotive News in 1947 and is now the fourth largest car manufacturer on the earth. Since 1986, it's earned a status as an affordable and cheerful model. And its important improvements in quality and refinement has turned it into a favourite amongst new automotive patrons. southern automotive group All material industries plastics and polymer composites, in addition to metal, aluminum, and magnesium, are operating to reply to the automotive industry changing needs. The main supplies used for making vehicles, elements and elements, together with future trends, are steel, aluminum, magnesium, copper, plastics and carbon fibers. The prime reason for using metal within the physique structure is its inherent capability to soak up influence vitality in a crash state of affairs.
It was only four years ago that the rumblings of Covid started in the unpopular corners of Twitter (now X) and I came to the public in February saying "Hey pay attention…" and then a month later the world shut down. This is NOT this… right now or yet at least. But bird flu is in the news again, and the truth is it's been a hot topic of conversation with epidemiologists on X for a long time. In fact, in the endless debriefing about how we all handled Covid (terribly by the way), many said the next big pandemic would come from bird flu and be way way worse. This has been a repeating mantra for the last couple of years as scientists reported on bird flu attacking populations of both wild and domesticated birds, and even some mammals like sea lions. If it's true that this is not recent news, bird flu has been circulating and decimating animal populations in pockets, why is bird flu popping up in mainstream media now? Great question. Here's what we know. Bird flu is a strain of influenza that is pretty lethal to bird populations (and several of the mammal species that have gotten hit by spillover) There have been several hundred human cases of bird flu over the years and the case fatality rate is about 50%. For comparison, Covid is sitting at .1% right now. It was much higher at the beginning of the pandemic but never anywhere near 50%. There doesn't appear to be any human to human transmission of bird flu. The humans who have been infected, were infected because of close contact with an infected bird. Whenever poultry farms find a sick bird, they aggressively cull the population to prevent spread. In recent days (late March) reports of sick cows from a dairy farm trickled in. This was the first time a cow presented with bird flu symptoms. Since that first report, 16 dairy farms in the US are reporting bird flu in cows. This means it's spread as farmers move cows from farm to farm. Scientists have determined this infection appears to have a similar family lineage (based on the sequencing of the virus). The question of course — how is it spreading? Some clues, but no conclusions. And I would be careful to draw conclusions as recent history tells us scientists don't always know (we thought Covid was droplets and it turned out to be airborne). Have birds infected poultry which then it spilled over into cows? Or did the wild birds infect the cows directly? Are the cows transmitting it to each other by droplets, air, or perhaps by the equipment used to milk them (an article suggests the virus appears in the milk and udders and so this is a working theory) Some farms reported that the farm cats were showing signs of flu back in February, and the thinking there is that they were a canary in the coal mine since they tend to drink the spilled milk from the cows There has been a case of a person getting the flu after being in close contact with the cow Unlike Covid, there is no human to human transmission of the bird flu (for now) so there is no immediate cause for alarm. But experts and government agencies are worried that it's only a matter of time before the virus mutates and it's anybody's guess what might happen in that instance. Given that this pathogen is known for it's high case fatality rate, no one wants to wait around and find out. Curiously right now no one has recommended the culling of dairy cows with the same intensity as they do when it hits poultry. Is that due to: The virus is concentrated in one part of the body? Dairy farmers are not reporting it because they don't want to cull their herd and are distrusting of authorities? Government agencies don't want to dramatically disrupt the food chain by requiring such drastic measures? There's not enough info yet and once there is, maybe the directive will be different CDC has put out alerts for medical professionals to be on the lookout for human cases of bird flu. There's no question - the virus is spreading somehow in cows and traveling across our country's dairy farms. The big question that lots of people are wondering? Do we have to be careful about meat, eggs, and dairy? According to the experts? No. Pasteurized dairy kills the virus, just make sure to fully cook your eggs, and so far no beef seems to be infected (just the milk). But we know how these stories go. Directives change. Scientists and experts aren't that many steps ahead of us. The good news is a vaccine is a great tool against this virus. The problem of course is that our country is tired and worn down after covid. Half the population is anti-vaccine. It does happen to be an election year. Public health trust is at an all time low. If in fact bird flu became an issue, would we come together to handle it? Yea, probably not. Right now you can find a large segment of the population that believes that this is all a part of the election year // mail in the ballots theory. That the CDC is a joke and this is a nothingburger. The scientists who've been talking about bird flu for years are now talking with more fervor and intensity (and a bit of despair that no one is really going to listen after the last circus). It would be nice it if was a nothingburger. Who knows really, but the facts are - the bird flu has regularly infected multiple bird populations and mammal populations and now is in our dairy farms. This might disrupt our food chain. It might fizzle out. It might mutate into a highly pathogenic virus that passes between humans and we end up with another pandemic.
Introduction to Ftm Crypto At the forefront of the ever-expanding cryptocurrency market, we find Ftm Crypto. But what exactly is it? Well, my fellow crypto enthusiasts, Ftm Crypto is a cutting-edge digital currency that utilizes blockchain technology for secure and efficient transactions. It belongs to the Fantom ecosystem, which aims to revolutionize decentralized finance (DeFi) and offers a multitude of innovative features. Ftm Crypto operates on its own unique blockchain called Fantom Opera, which stands out for its lightning-fast transaction speeds and minimal fees. Unlike traditional financial systems that rely on intermediaries such as banks or clearinghouses, this cryptocurrency operates in a decentralized manner, empowering users by giving them full control over their funds. Explanation of its Significance in the Cryptocurrency Market: The world of cryptocurrencies has gained significant traction over the past decade, with Bitcoin leading the way as the pioneer digital currency. However, as the market evolves, newer cryptocurrencies like Ftm Crypto have emerged with exciting advancements. Ftm Crypto's significance lies in its ability to address some of the key challenges faced by other cryptocurrencies. Its lightning-fast transaction speeds make it well-equipped for real-time transactions and pave the way for widespread adoption. Additionally, low transaction fees make it an attractive option for both casual users and businesses alike. Furthermore, with scalability being a major concern in many blockchain networks today, Fantom's innovative approach allows Ftm Crypto to handle high volumes of transactions without compromising speed or security. This scalability opens up new possibilities for applications such as DeFi platforms and cross-chain interoperability. In essence, Ftm Crypto represents a leap forward in the evolution of cryptocurrencies. Its advanced technology coupled with its potential use cases in various industries positions it as a major player in the crypto market, capturing the attention of both investors and enthusiasts alike. Understanding the Technology behind Ftm Crypto Brief overview of blockchain technology To truly grasp the significance of Ftm Crypto, it is important to understand the underlying technology that powers it – blockchain. In simple terms, blockchain is a decentralized digital ledger that records transactions across multiple computers. It eliminates the need for intermediaries, such as banks or governments, by relying on a network of nodes to verify and validate each transaction. The blockchain consists of blocks that contain batches of transactions and are linked together in chronological order. Each block contains a unique identifier called a hash, which not only secures the data within that block but also connects it to the previous block in the chain. This immutability and transparency make blockchain an ideal technology for secure and efficient transactions. Explanation of how Ftm Crypto utilizes blockchain for transactions and security Now let's dive into how Ftm Crypto harnesses the power of blockchain for its operations. At its core, Ftm Crypto operates on its own native blockchain called Fantom Opera Chain. This chain leverages a modified version of Proof-of-Stake (PoS) consensus mechanism known as Lachesis. The Fantom Opera Chain enables fast and secure transactions by utilizing directed acyclic graph (DAG) architecture instead of traditional linear chains found in other cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin or Ethereum. DAG allows multiple transactions to be processed simultaneously, resulting in faster confirmation times and increased scalability. Ftm Crypto employs smart contracts on its platform, which are self-executing agreements with predefined rules coded into them. These smart contracts facilitate various functionalities such as enabling decentralized applications (dApps), executing token swaps, or automating complex financial agreements without intermediaries. By utilizing this advanced technological infrastructure, Ftm Crypto ensures transparent and tamper-resistant transactions while maintaining high throughput levels. Its robust security measures protect against potential threats like double-spending or unauthorized access, providing users with peace of mind. Ftm Crypto leverages blockchain technology to enable fast and secure transactions. The Fantom Opera Chain, with its DAG architecture and Lachesis consensus mechanism, ensures high scalability and efficiency. Smart contracts further enhance the platform's capabilities, enabling a wide range of decentralized applications. With its emphasis on security and innovation, Ftm Crypto showcases the immense potential of blockchain technology in revolutionizing financial systems. Key Features and Benefits of Ftm Crypto Fast transaction speeds compared to other cryptocurrencies When it comes to speed, Ftm Crypto is a real game-changer in the world of cryptocurrencies. Unlike some other digital currencies that can take forever to process transactions, Ftm Crypto offers lightning-fast transaction speeds. This means that when you send or receive Ftm tokens, you don't have to sit around twiddling your thumbs waiting for confirmations. Instead, your transactions are processed almost instantly, allowing you to move your funds quickly and efficiently. The secret behind Ftm Crypto's impressive speed lies in its innovative technology. Utilizing a unique consensus mechanism called Lachesis, the Fantom network achieves consensus on transactions rapidly without compromising security. This groundbreaking approach eliminates the need for time-consuming mining processes and allows for near-instantaneous confirmation times. So whether you're making everyday purchases or engaging in complex financial transactions, Ftm Crypto ensures that you won't be kept waiting. Low transaction fees, making it cost-effective for users Another significant advantage of using Ftm Crypto is its low transaction fees. Unlike traditional banking systems or even some other cryptocurrencies that charge exorbitant fees for transferring funds, Ftm Crypto keeps costs remarkably low. This means that whether you're sending a small amount or conducting large-scale transactions, you won't have to worry about paying hefty fees that eat into your hard-earned money. The cost-effectiveness of Ftm Crypto is particularly beneficial when it comes to decentralized finance (DeFi) applications and services built on top of the Fantom network. Users can engage in various DeFi activities such as yield farming or liquidity provision without being burdened by high transaction costs. Furthermore, lower fees make it attractive for businesses and developers looking for an efficient blockchain platform on which to build their applications. Scalability and ability to handle high volumes of transactions One of the critical challenges that many cryptocurrencies face is scalability. As digital currencies gain popularity, the number of transactions being processed increases exponentially, putting a strain on the network. However, Ftm Crypto has managed to tackle this issue effectively. Thanks to its advanced architectural design and consensus mechanism, Ftm Crypto boasts impressive scalability. The Fantom network can handle high volumes of transactions without suffering from congestion or delays. So whether you're partaking in a popular DeFi platform or simply transacting with other users, you can be confident that Ftm Crypto will keep up with your demands. The scalability of Ftm Crypto opens up a world of possibilities for businesses and developers. It allows for the creation and execution of complex applications on the platform without compromising efficiency or user experience. Whether it's building decentralized exchanges, gaming platforms, or supply chain solutions, the Fantom network offers a robust infrastructure that can support diverse use cases and accommodate growth. Ftm Crypto stands out in terms of its key features and benefits. With its lightning-fast transaction speeds, low transaction fees, and impressive scalability when handling high volumes of transactions, it provides users with an efficient and cost-effective cryptocurrency experience. Whether you're an individual looking for quick and affordable payments or a business seeking to leverage blockchain technology for your applications, Ftm Crypto offers a reliable solution that brings convenience and opportunity to the table. Exploring the Ftm Crypto Ecosystem Overview of Fantom Foundation, the team behind Ftm Crypto Behind every successful cryptocurrency project lies a dedicated and talented team, and Ftm Crypto is no exception. The driving force behind this innovative blockchain solution is the Fantom Foundation. Established in 2018, the Fantom Foundation is comprised of a group of visionary individuals who share a common goal: revolutionizing the world of decentralized finance. Led by CEO Michael Kong, a seasoned blockchain entrepreneur with a deep understanding of distributed ledger technology, the Fantom Foundation has assembled a team that boasts expertise in various domains. From blockchain development to business strategy and marketing, these individuals bring their unique skill sets to propel Ftm Crypto forward. Discussion on Partnerships and Collaborations with Other Projects in the Crypto Space Collaboration is key when it comes to advancing any technological innovation, and Ftm Crypto understands this concept well. In its quest to create an inclusive blockchain ecosystem, Ftm Crypto has forged strategic partnerships and collaborations with some of the biggest players in the crypto space. One notable partnership is their collaboration with Chainlink, an industry-leading oracle network that connects smart contracts with real-world data. This integration enables seamless communication between off-chain data sources and smart contracts running on the Fantom network. Such partnerships strengthen both projects' offerings and expand their user bases. Additionally, Ftm Crypto has joined forces with Injective Protocol, an up-and-coming decentralized derivatives exchange protocol built on Ethereum. This collaboration aims to bring advanced financial instruments such as options trading and futures markets to Fantom's fast and scalable blockchain infrastructure. Furthermore, Ftm Crypto has teamed up with leading DeFi platforms such as Sushiswap and Curve Finance to provide users with enhanced liquidity options within its ecosystem. These collaborations allow users to access additional avenues for yield farming or swap their FTM tokens for other digital assets seamlessly. In the pursuit of interoperability, Ftm Crypto has also partnered with Anyswap, a cross-chain protocol that enables seamless asset transfers between different blockchains. This collaboration opens up possibilities for users to leverage Ftm Crypto's features while maintaining connectivity with other blockchain networks, expanding the reach and functionality of both projects. As the Fantom Foundation continues to foster these partnerships and collaborations, it solidifies its position as a formidable player in the crypto space. By leveraging collective strengths and expertise, these alliances drive innovation forward and pave the way for widespread adoption of Ftm Crypto's offerings. Next Section: Use Cases for Ftm Crypto Use Cases for Ftm Crypto Decentralized finance (DeFi) applications on the Fantom network When it comes to the world of decentralized finance, Fantom Crypto (Ftm) is making significant strides. The Fantom network provides a robust platform for various DeFi applications that offer users exciting financial opportunities. From lending and borrowing to decentralized exchanges, Ftm Crypto enables users to access these services without intermediaries, ensuring greater control and transparency. Yield farming and liquidity provision opportunities One of the most intriguing use cases offered by Ftm Crypto is its yield farming capabilities. Yield farming essentially allows users to provide liquidity to specific protocols or projects in return for earning additional tokens as rewards. On the Fantom network, yield farmers can stake their FTM tokens into various pools and earn attractive yields on their investments. This approach not only incentivizes token holders but also promotes liquidity provision within the ecosystem, supporting the overall stability of the network. Beyond yield farming, Ftm Crypto also presents numerous opportunities for liquidity providers. By providing liquidity using their FTM tokens on decentralized exchanges like SushiSwap or SpookySwap, individuals can earn additional transaction fees as a reward for contributing to the trading ecosystem's efficiency. These incentives encourage users to participate actively in market-making activities while earning passive income from their holdings. Staking options for earning passive income If you're looking for a way to earn passive income with your Ftm Crypto holdings, staking is an excellent option available on the Fantom network. By staking your FTM tokens, you actively participate in securing the blockchain while receiving rewards in return. Stakers play a crucial role in validating transactions and maintaining network consensus. Fantom's unique consensus mechanism called Lachesis ensures that stakers are rewarded based on their contribution to the network's security and stability. By delegating your FTM tokens to a validator or becoming a validator yourself, you not only earn passive income but also actively support the network's infrastructure. Cross-chain interoperability with other blockchains One of the standout features of Ftm Crypto is its cross-chain interoperability, allowing seamless communication and interaction between different blockchain networks. This interoperability opens up a world of possibilities for Ftm Crypto users, as they can leverage assets and functionalities from other blockchains within the Fantom ecosystem. For instance, through cross-chain bridges, users can transfer tokens between Ethereum and Fantom networks, expanding the utility and accessibility of their digital assets. Moreover, this interoperability paves the way for collaborations with other blockchain projects, creating synergy and fostering innovation across various ecosystems. Ftm Crypto truly stands out in terms of its use cases within decentralized finance. With an array of applications available on the Fantom network – from yield farming to liquidity provision opportunities – users can maximize their potential earnings while actively participating in securing the blockchain. Additionally, cross-chain interoperability extends access to resources beyond just Ftm Crypto, allowing for greater flexibility and collaboration in the ever-evolving crypto space. Security Measures in Place for Ftm Crypto Consensus Mechanism: Lachesis, the Guarantor of Trust When it comes to ensuring the security and integrity of the Ftm Crypto network, Fantom Foundation has implemented a consensus mechanism known as Lachesis. This unique mechanism plays a crucial role in validating and confirming transactions on the blockchain. Lachesis utilizes a directed acyclic graph (DAG) structure, allowing for parallel processing and scalability. By employing this innovative technology, Ftm Crypto can achieve high transaction speeds without compromising on security. Lachesis works by utilizing a network of nodes that collectively validate new transactions and ensure their inclusion in the blockchain. Unlike traditional proof-of-work (PoW) or proof-of-stake (PoS) mechanisms, which rely on miners or validators with specific roles, Lachesis operates using an asynchronous Byzantine Fault Tolerance (aBFT) consensus algorithm. This means that all participating nodes can collectively agree upon a consistent ordering of transactions without needing to reach unanimous consensus. Third-Party Audits: Enhancing Security through Vigilance To further bolster trust and confidence in Ftm Crypto's security measures, Fantom Foundation has engaged reputable third-party firms to conduct comprehensive smart contract security audits. These audits are essential for identifying potential vulnerabilities or weaknesses within the codebase that could be exploited by malicious actors. During these audits, experienced cybersecurity experts scrutinize every line of code, looking for potential loopholes or flaws in the smart contracts powering Ftm Crypto's ecosystem. They assess various factors such as code logic, adherence to best practices, susceptibility to attacks like reentrancy or front-running, and overall robustness against potential exploits. By subjecting their smart contracts to rigorous third-party audits, Fantom Foundation demonstrates their commitment to maintaining a secure environment for users and investors alike. These audits provide an additional layer of assurance, helping to identify and rectify any security vulnerabilities before they can be exploited. Building Trust: Transparent and Open Development Beyond the specific security measures in place, Fantom Foundation prioritizes transparency and open development to cultivate trust among its community. Developers have access to the Ftm Crypto codebase on public repositories, allowing for peer review and scrutiny. This decentralized approach encourages collaboration, ensuring that potential issues are identified and addressed promptly. Additionally, Fantom Foundation actively engages with the wider crypto community through regular updates, developer discussions, and bug bounty programs. This collaborative approach invites external contributions from experts who can identify potential risks or suggest enhancements to further strengthen Ftm Crypto's security measures. Through these initiatives, Fantom Foundation not only demonstrates its dedication to continuous improvement but also fosters a sense of shared responsibility within the Ftm Crypto ecosystem. Together with their innovative consensus mechanism and diligent third-party audits, these efforts help solidify Ftm Crypto's position as a secure platform within the cryptocurrency landscape. A Secure Future: Continued Vigilance As cryptocurrencies evolve alongside emerging technologies, so too must their security measures. Fantom Foundation is committed to staying at the forefront of security advancements by regularly assessing new threats and implementing proactive solutions. The team actively monitors industry developments for relevant advancements in cryptography, network security protocols, and best practices for smart contract development. By proactively adopting new technologies or methodologies when appropriate, they ensure that Ftm Crypto remains resilient against emerging threats in an ever-changing digital landscape. With Lachesis serving as a robust consensus mechanism and comprehensive third-party audits fortifying their smart contract codebase, Fantom Foundation has established strong security measures for Ftm Crypto. Combine this with their transparent development practices and commitment to ongoing vigilance; it becomes clear that securing users' investments is one of their highest priorities. As Ftm Crypto continues to grow, users can have confidence in its security and focus on exploring the exciting possibilities offered by this innovative cryptocurrency. Frequently Asked Questions about Ftm Crypto Common misconceptions or myths surrounding Ftm Crypto debunked As with any emerging technology, Ftm Crypto is not immune to misconceptions and myths that can cloud people's understanding of its true potential. Let's debunk some of the common misunderstandings: Myth 1: Ftm Crypto is just another Bitcoin clone. This is far from the truth. While both Bitcoin and Ftm Crypto are cryptocurrencies, they differ significantly in their underlying technology and features. Unlike Bitcoin, which relies on proof-of-work consensus, Ftm Crypto utilizes a more efficient consensus mechanism called Lachesis. This enables faster transaction speeds and scalability, making it suitable for various use cases beyond being a mere digital currency. Myth 2: Ftm Crypto is not secure. This misconception stems from a lack of understanding about the security measures implemented by the Fantom Foundation. To ensure the safety of user funds and transactions, Fantom conducts rigorous smart contract security audits performed by reputable third-party firms. Additionally, the decentralized nature of blockchain technology itself provides inherent security benefits that make Ftm Crypto a reliable ecosystem for financial transactions. Myth 3: You need technical expertise to use Ftm Crypto. This myth couldn't be further from the truth! While having technical knowledge can enhance your experience with Ftm Crypto, it is by no means a prerequisite for using it. Fantom Foundation has developed user-friendly wallets and interfaces that allow even beginners to easily store, manage, and transact with their FTM tokens. Guidance on how to securely store and manage your FTM tokens Safely storing and managing your cryptocurrency holdings is crucial to protect your investment. Here are some guidelines specifically for FTM token holders: 1. Use a hardware wallet for enhanced security.Consider investing in a hardware wallet like Ledger or Trezor to store your FTM tokens offline. Hardware wallets offer an extra layer of protection by keeping your private keys isolated from potentially vulnerable online environments. 2. Choose reputable wallets and exchanges.When selecting a wallet or exchange to store or trade your FTM tokens, opt for well-established platforms with robust security measures in place. Look for features such as two-factor authentication (2FA) and cold storage options. 3. Keep backups of your private keys or recovery phrases.In case you lose access to your wallet or encounter any unforeseen issues, having backups of your private keys or recovery phrases is essential for recovery. Store these backups securely and offline, away from prying eyes and potential digital threats. 4. Stay vigilant against phishing attempts.Crypto scammers are always seeking opportunities to prey on unsuspecting users. Be cautious of phishing emails, fake websites, or suspicious links that could lead to the compromise of your FTM tokens. Always double-check URLs and only interact with trusted sources. 5. Educate yourself about best practices regularly. The crypto landscape is continually evolving, so it's crucial to stay up-to-date with the latest security best practices and developments within the Fantom ecosystem itself. Follow official announcements from Fantom Foundation and join communities where you can learn from experienced users about safeguarding your FTM tokens effectively. By debunking common myths surrounding Ftm Crypto and providing guidance on secure storage and management, we aim to empower users to navigate the world of FTM tokens with confidence and peace of mind. Remember, a proactive approach to security is key when engaging with any cryptocurrency. Future Developments and Roadmap for Ftm Crypto Upcoming upgrades or features planned by Fantom Foundation The Fantom Foundation, the driving force behind Ftm Crypto, has an exciting roadmap lined up for the future. Their team of developers is constantly working on enhancing the functionality and usability of the Ftm Crypto ecosystem. One major upcoming upgrade is the implementation of a layer-1 bridge, which will enable seamless interoperability with other blockchains. This will open up a whole new world of possibilities for Ftm Crypto users, as they'll be able to access a wider range of decentralized finance (DeFi) applications and services across different networks. Additionally, Fantom Foundation aims to improve scalability even further by introducing sharding technology. Sharding will allow the network to efficiently process transactions in parallel, resulting in even faster transaction speeds and increased capacity to handle high volumes of transactions. This upgrade will solidify Ftm Crypto's position as one of the fastest and most scalable cryptocurrencies in existence. Another exciting feature in development is an advanced governance model that empowers token holders to actively participate in decision-making processes related to protocol upgrades and ecosystem developments. This democratic approach ensures that community members have a say in shaping the future direction of Ftm Crypto. Potential integration with mainstream financial systems or institutions Fantom Foundation recognizes the importance of bridging traditional financial systems with blockchain technology. They are actively exploring potential partnerships and collaborations with mainstream financial institutions to facilitate this integration. By integrating with existing systems, such as banking networks or payment processors, Ftm Crypto aims to bring the benefits of fast and cost-effective transactions to everyday users. Moreover, there are discussions underway regarding regulatory compliance measures that would enable Ftm Crypto to operate within established frameworks while maintaining its decentralized nature. These efforts will help build trust among institutional investors who seek regulatory clarity when entering the crypto space. Ftm Crypto's potential integration with mainstream financial systems holds the promise of mass adoption. Imagine being able to use Ftm Crypto for everyday transactions, such as buying groceries or paying bills, without the need for intermediaries or high fees. This level of accessibility and convenience has the potential to revolutionize how we interact with money. Fantom Foundation is dedicated to pushing the boundaries of what is possible in the world of cryptocurrencies. Their future developments and roadmap demonstrate their commitment to creating a robust and user-friendly ecosystem for Ftm Crypto users. With upcoming upgrades like layer-1 bridging and sharding technology, as well as potential partnerships with mainstream financial institutions, Ftm Crypto is poised to make a significant impact on both the crypto space and our everyday lives. Stay tuned for more exciting updates from this innovative project! Conclusion: The Potential Impact The Future of Ftm Crypto As we conclude our exploration of Ftm Crypto, it becomes clear that this blockchain-based cryptocurrency has the potential to make a significant impact in the world of decentralized finance and beyond. With its fast transaction speeds, low fees, and scalability, Ftm Crypto offers an efficient and cost-effective solution for users looking to participate in various financial activities on the Fantom network. As technology continues to advance, we can only expect further enhancements and developments that will solidify Ftm Crypto's position as a reputable player in the crypto space. A Catalyst for Financial Innovation Ftm Crypto's integration with decentralized finance applications on the Fantom network opens up exciting possibilities for users seeking opportunities to earn passive income through yield farming or liquidity provision. Additionally, its cross-chain interoperability allows for seamless interaction with other blockchains, creating a connected ecosystem where users can explore diverse financial products and services. By providing these innovative solutions and empowering individuals with greater financial autonomy, Ftm Crypto has the potential to revolutionize traditional finance. The Role of Security in Ftm Crypto's Success One crucial aspect that cannot be overlooked is the robust security measures implemented by Fantom Foundation to safeguard user funds and transactions. Through their consensus mechanism (Lachesis) and third-party security audits of smart contracts, Fantom demonstrates its commitment to ensuring a safe environment for all participants. This dedication not only fosters trust but also attracts more users who value security as a top priority when engaging with cryptocurrencies. A Bright Future Ahead Looking ahead, it is evident that Ftm Crypto holds tremendous promise as it continues to expand its ecosystem and attract partnerships within the crypto space. With advancements planned by Fantom Foundation and potential integrations with mainstream financial systems or institutions, we can anticipate even greater adoption and recognition for Ftm Crypto. As more individuals embrace cryptocurrencies and decentralized finance, Ftm Crypto stands poised to play a significant role in shaping the future of the financial landscape. Embracing the Potential Ftm Crypto presents a compelling proposition for crypto enthusiasts and traditional finance participants alike. Its fast transaction speeds, low fees, and scalability make it an attractive option for those looking for efficiency in their financial activities. Moreover, its integration with decentralized finance applications on the Fantom network opens up exciting opportunities for users to earn passive income and explore innovative financial products. With a strong focus on security and plans for future developments, Ftm Crypto is well-positioned to make a lasting impact on the cryptocurrency market. So why not embrace its potential and join the thriving community of Ftm Crypto enthusiasts? Let's embark on this exciting journey together as we shape the future of finance! FTM Crypto is the native cryptocurrency of the Fantom blockchain platform. It is a decentralized and secure platform that aims to revolutionize decentralized finance (DeFi) and provide efficient solutions for various industries. Fast and Scalable Transactions: The Fantom blockchain can process thousands of transactions per second, ensuring fast and efficient transactions, even during peak network activity. Low Transaction Fees: FTM Crypto transactions have significantly lower fees compared to traditional banking systems and other popular cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin and Ethereum. Secure and Immutable: Fantom implements a Byzantine Fault Tolerant (BFT) consensus mechanism, ensuring the security and immutability of transactions. Interoperability: FTM Crypto is designed to be interoperable with other blockchain networks, allowing for seamless integration of applications and data transfer between different platforms. To invest in FTM Crypto, it is important to conduct thorough research and consider various factors. Some aspects to consider include market analysis, evaluating the team and development, assessing the community and network effects, and conducting a risk assessment. Diversifying your investment portfolio and seeking professional advice can also be beneficial. Investing in FTM Crypto, like any other cryptocurrency, carries inherent risks such as market volatility and regulatory uncertainties. It is important to understand and assess these risks before making investment decisions. Diversifying your portfolio and seeking professional advice can help mitigate these risks.
The projection for the need for adequate digital talents in Indonesia is as many as nine million (talents) in the next 15 years, or an average of 600 thousand per yearBatam, Riau Islands (ANTARA) - Communication and Informatics Minister Johnny G. Plate underscored the importance of collaboration between the government and digital ecosystem in Indonesia to fulfill the need for adequate digital talents in development of the digital economy. Plate noted that the three essential aspects of primary legislation on Personal Data Protection (PDP) law, digital framing and reframing, and evenly distributed digital infrastructures should be supported by the availability of adequate digital talents in Indonesia in order to realize digital economy in the country. "The projection for the need for adequate digital talents in Indonesia is as many as nine million (talents) in the next 15 years, or an average of 600 thousand per year," he remarked after the inauguration of the Digital School in the Nongsa Digital Park (NDP) Special Economic Zone (SEZ) here on Friday. Related news: Indonesia direly needs brilliant, creative digital talents: minister Plate noted that in 2021, the government had offered digital training to 200 thousand youths in the country, both from educational institutions and the general public. However, it is not yet sufficient to meet the need for digital talents in Indonesia. Moreover, for this year, the government only budgeted the training for 50 thousand youths, and the ministry is still striving to find the budget to at least match last year's number of participants. Related news: Minister encourages young digital talents to hone digital skills "For that reason, I welcome what is done by the Purwardhika Digital Technology School, which has taken part in digital training to fulfill the need for digital talents in Indonesia," he stated. CEO and founder of the Purwardhika Digital Technology School Purwa Hartono concurred with Minister Plate's statement regarding the need for adequate digital talents in Indonesia. "I invite all youths to rise and improve our digital skills, so that we can become leaders in the future," Hartono remarked. Related news: Ministry calls for accelerating development of digital talents Related news: Communication Ministry urges universities to prepare digital talents Translator: Ilham Yude, Raka Adji Editor: Fardah Assegaf Copyright © ANTARA 2022
Even though the odds of getting a prize in a prediksi toto macau lottery are very low, it is still possible to win. The lottery has been around for hundreds of years and comes in many forms. As examples, state-run tournaments with big cash prizes for the winners and random selection methods used to assign units in subsidized housing buildings or kindergarten spots are two examples. Even though lottery games are a form of gaming, the money they bring in is used to support good causes in the community. The money from the lottery has helped pay for both public libraries and STD tests. In addition, many people who have won big prizes have found that their luck hasn't changed their lives much. The type of lottery game you play and the number of tickets sold can have a big effect on your chances of winning. Still, there are some things you can do to raise your chances of success. First, buy some extra tickets. This makes it more likely that the numbers you draw will match the lucky ones, and you might even win the grand prize. One more piece of advice is to not use personal information like ages and dates, but instead use Quick Picks or random numbers. This makes it less likely that you will have to share the prize with someone else who picked the same number. Another way to improve your chances is to pick numbers that are not too close to each other. This will make it harder for other players to make combos. Picking numbers that all end in the same digit can also make it less likely that you will win the lottery. You can improve your chances of winning by buying more tickets and getting together with other people. When you play, it's important to know that no number is "lucky." It's not true that one number has a better chance of winning than another, even though some numbers are more common than others. If you want to improve your chances of winning, play a smaller lottery with fewer numbers and smaller prizes. Some people want to play the lottery because they think it will make their lives better. In some ways this is true, but it's not a good way to spend your money. The lottery is not as likely to happen to you as meeting your true love or getting hit by lightning. In addition, the total costs of playing the lottery may make it hard for some people to pay their bills. Because of this, the argument about whether the lotto is a tax has become more heated. Even with these problems, the lottery is still a popular way for many governments to raise money. It's actually the most common way to raise money in Europe right now. The first known lotteries in the Netherlands were held in the 1400s. The money from these games was used by local governments to help the poor and strengthen towns.
Opening an offshore company is a major decision and can be highly beneficial for your business if you are able to navigate the various legal and regulatory requirements. Offshore companies can provide a host of advantages such as lower taxes, confidentiality and asset protection as well as access to new markets and business opportunities. In this article, we will take a look at what offshore companies are, the process for opening a company, the benefits and disadvantages of doing so, and the legal and regulatory requirements you need to be aware of. We will also provide you with some tips and advice on the best ways to get started. What are offshore Companies? An offshore company is a legal entity set up outside of the business owner's home country, most often in a jurisdiction which offers favorable tax, regulatory and confidentiality regimes. It is a popular choice for entrepreneurs who want to take advantage of the benefits of operating in a low-tax environment while also having access to international markets. The Process of Opening an Offshore Company The process for opening an offshore company is relatively straightforward. You will first need to select a jurisdiction in which to set up your company and decide on its name and structure. Once you have done this, the next step is to register the company with the relevant government or business registry. In most jurisdictions, you will need to submit a formal application and provide details of the owners, directors, shareholders and other persons involved in the company. Additionally, you will need to supply a valid business plan, financial statement and relevant identification documents. Finally, you will need to pay the relevant registration and licensing fees and submit the signed forms. In most cases, the process should take between two to six weeks and can be completed remotely. Benefits of Opening an Offshore Company There are a number of advantages to setting up an offshore company. One of the main benefits is that it can help to reduce your overall tax burden as profits earned in an offshore jurisdiction are often subject to lower taxes or even zero taxes. Additionally, offshore companies allow you to expand your business into new markets without having to comply with the same regulations and taxes as in your home country. Another advantage of an offshore company is the enhanced level of confidentiality they provide. In most jurisdictions, details of the company owners, directors and shareholders are not made public, making it difficult for competitors and creditors to track down the business. Disadvantages of Offshore Companies Although offshore companies offer a host of advantages, there are also some potential risks and drawbacks. Firstly, offshore companies can be set up in jurisdictions with less rigorous regulations such as data protection or anti-money laundering laws, which may leave the business vulnerable to abuse. This can lead to potential legal and financial issues, especially if the company is engaging in international business. Another drawback is that offshore companies can be seen as somewhat of a 'shady' practice by customers and other stakeholders, which can harm the business's reputation. Additionally, the cost of setting up and running an offshore company can be quite high due to the need for fees, licenses and the need to hire registered agents and legal advisors. Legal Requirements for Opening an Offshore Company Before you set up an offshore company, it is important to familiarise yourself with the relevant regulatory requirements in your chosen jurisdiction. Depending on the country or territory you choose, these regulations may vary significantly. Generally speaking, regulations relating to offshore companies include: • Company registration and disclosure laws; • Anti-money laundering regulations; • Tax regulations; • Privacy laws; • Accounting and record-keeping rules; and • Rules concerning the activities of the company. Tips and Advice for Opening an Offshore Company With the right preparation and guidance, the process of opening an offshore company can be relatively straightforward. Here are some key tips and advice to keep in mind as you start your journey: • Research the specific regulations in the jurisdiction you are registering in; • Identify trustworthy agents or lawyers that can provide assistance; • Work with a company formation specialist to ensure your company is set up correctly; • Ensure that the company meets all the required disclosure and reporting requirements; • Establish clear relationships between business owners, directors and any intermediaries; and • Make sure to select a jurisdiction with a stable political and economic environment. Recommended Companies for Opening an Offshore Company There are many reputable companies offering advice and assistance with setting up an offshore company. It is important to do your research and select a company that best suits your needs. Here are some of the top recommended companies to consider: • Offshore Incorporations Limited • Rikvin Limited • Incorporations.io • Healy Consultants Group • Corporate Services International • Offshore Companies International • Offshore Formation Limited • OffshoreCorpTalk • Global Offshore Services. Pros and Cons Offshore companies can offer a range of advantages to businesses, including lower taxes, enhanced confidentiality, asset protection, and access to new markets and opportunities. However, these benefits come with some risks, including the costs of setting up and maintaining an offshore company, the potential legal and financial risks associated with operating in a less-regulated jurisdiction, and the potential for damage to the company's reputation. Preparing for Taxes If you decide to set up an offshore company, you need to be aware of any tax implications and prepare accordingly. The tax rate in the jurisdiction you decide to set up your company will vary, so it is important to research the different rates before you make a final decision. Additionally, many jurisdictions offer tax incentives for businesses operating in certain sectors. Protecting Your Assets Setting up an offshore company can be an effective way to protect your assets and ensure they remain secure. Offshore jurisdictions often have strong asset protection laws which limit the ability of creditors to pursue the company's assets in the event of a legal dispute or bankruptcy. Additionally, the enhanced level of confidentiality associated with an offshore company can also help protect your assets from third-party claims. Setting up an offshore company is a big decision, but one that can be highly beneficial for your business. Offshore companies offer a range of advantages, including lower taxes, enhanced confidentiality, asset protection and access to new markets and opportunities. However, there are a number of risks and drawbacks to be aware of, including legal and financial risks, costs, and potential damage to the company's reputation. Before you get started, it is important to be aware of the legal requirements in your chosen jurisdiction, as well as any tax implications. Additionally, you should research reputable companies offering advice and support with setting up an offshore company and ensure that the company is set up correctly.
Have you ever wondered what the spiritual meaning of the name Winifred is? If so, you're in luck! In this article, we'll uncover the answers and explore the spiritual significance of this name. From exploring the origin to discovering its symbolic meaning, you'll gain a deeper understanding of the name Winifred. Get ready to discover the hidden meaning behind this beautiful name. Table of Contents What Is The Spiritual Meaning Of The Name Winifred? The name Winifred is derived from Old English and is a combination of two words: wine and frid, which means peace. This combination of the two words gives Winifred a spiritual meaning of peace in the wine, suggesting a sense of inner peace and joy within us. The name Winifred also has a connection to Christianity, as it is the name of a saint in the Catholic Church. The name Winifred is said to represent purity, humility, and selflessness, as well as gentleness, love, and kindness. It is also said to represent an ability to see the good in others, to forgive, and to reach out to those in need. In addition, it is said to bring good luck and protection to those who carry it. What Is The Origin Of The Name Winifred? Winifred is a feminine given name of Old German origin. It is derived from the elements "wine", meaning "friend", and "fridu", meaning "peace". The name itself literally means "friend of peace". The name was popularized in the Middle Ages and was a common name among the Anglo-Saxons. It was introduced to Britain by the Normans and was popularized in the 19th century due to its association with the popular children's book Little Women. It is also the name of a Welsh saint, Saint Winifred, who was a seventh-century nun. The name has become popular again in recent years due to its unique sound and strong associations with peace, friendship, and feminine strength. What Is The Biblical Meaning Of The Name Winifred? In the Bible, the name Winifred is of Hebrew origin and is believed to mean "reconciled joy". This name is derived from the biblical character Winifred, who is mentioned in the book of Ezra. Winifred was a Jewish woman who was a part of the group of Jews that returned to Jerusalem after the Babylonian captivity. She was a loyal servant of God and was devoted to His work. She was also a woman of great faith and courage who was willing to sacrifice her own life for the cause of God. Winifred is also known for her commitment to prayer and for her willingness to help others in need. Where Does The Name Winifred Come From? The name Winifred is of Old English origin and is derived from the two elements "wine" meaning "friend" and "fred" meaning "peace". The name is thought to have been used as a pet form of the name Guinevere, which itself is derived from a Welsh name meaning "fair one". Winifred is also sometimes thought to be derived from the Germanic name Wynfrith meaning "blessed peace". The name is most commonly associated with Saint Winifred, a 7th century Welsh martyr. What Is The Full Meaning Of The Name Winifred? The full meaning of the name Winifred is "peaceful friend". Winifred is derived from the Old English words "wine" meaning "peace" and "fred" meaning "friend". It is typically used as a feminine given name, although it can also be used as a unisex name. The name is often shortened to "Winnie" or "Winnie-Fred". How Popular Is The Name Winifred Now? The name Winifred has become less popular over the years. According to the Social Security Administration, the name Winifred was the 39th most popular name in the United States for newborn girls in the year 1900. By 1990, the name Winifred had slipped to being the 671st most popular name for baby girls in the United States. As of 2019, the name Winifred has fallen even further, ranking as the 2,107th most popular name for baby girls in the United States. Is Winifred A Good Biblical Name? Winifred is a good biblical name. It is derived from the Old English name Winifred, which means "peaceful friend. " In the Bible, Winifred is mentioned in the book of Ruth as the daughter of Elimelech and Naomi. She is later married to her cousin Boaz and is an ancestor of Jesus. Winifred is a strong and loyal character, which makes it a great biblical name for a girl. Additionally, Winifred has a beautiful meaning that makes it an attractive choice for parents looking to give their daughter a meaningful name. Is Winifred A Good Baby Name? Whether or not Winifred is a good baby name depends on personal preference. Some people might find the name to be traditional and classic, while others might find it too old-fashioned. Additionally, some might find the name to be unique and interesting, while others might feel it is too ordinary. Ultimately, the decision of whether or not Winifred is a good baby name is up to the individual. Is Winifred A Unique Name? Winifred is a fairly uncommon name, but it is still found in certain parts of the world. It originated as a female name in England during the Middle Ages, and it has since spread to other countries and regions. The name is sometimes seen as a variant of Winifryd or Winifryth, but it is also found as a standalone name. In the United States, its popularity peaked in the early 1900s, but it has since declined significantly in use. It is still relatively uncommon in the US, ranking outside of the top 1000 most popular names in 2020. In other countries, such as the UK and Ireland, it is still a bit more common, but it is still considered to be quite unique. Is Winifred A Common First Name? Winifred is not a particularly common first name today, but it was once a popular name in the early 20th century. According to the Social Security Administration, Winifred was the 59th most popular name in the United States between 1910 and 1919. It was also the 58th most popular name between 1920 and 1929 and the 37th most popular name between 1930 and 1939. After that, its popularity began to decline, and it was the 582nd most popular name in the United States between 1940 and 1949. By the year 2000, it had dropped off the list of the 1,000 most popular names in the United States. What Are The Similar Names To Winifred? Winifred is an English feminine given name that has been in use since the Middle Ages. It is derived from the elements wine, meaning friend and fred, meaning peace. Some similar names to Winifred include Winifryd, Wynifred, Winnefred, Winfred, Winifrith, Winny, Wynfreda, Winnyfred, Winifrea, and Winfrid. Final Thoughts With its ancient roots and symbolic meanings, Winifred is a name that carries a deep spiritual significance. With this newfound knowledge, you can gain a greater appreciation for the power of this name and its influence on those who bear it. So the next time you come across the name Winifred, take a moment to reflect upon its spiritual significance and the power it carries.
The Role of Endurance Training in Nordic Combined Nordic Combined is a demanding winter sport that combines ski jumping and cross-country skiing. Athletes participating in Nordic Combined require a high level of endurance to excel in both disciplines. Endurance training plays a crucial role in the development of Nordic Combined athletes, as it enhances their aerobic capacity, improves their overall performance, and helps them withstand the physical demands of the sport. In this article, we will explore the importance of endurance training in Nordic Combined and its impact on athletes' success. Overview of Nordic Combined Definition and history Nordic Combined is a winter sport that combines two disciplines: ski jumping and cross-country skiing. It originated in Norway in the late 19th century and has since become a popular sport in many countries with snowy climates. The sport's roots can be traced back to the Norwegian military, where soldiers would compete in ski races and ski jumping contests. Over time, these two disciplines were combined to create Nordic Combined, a challenging and exciting winter sport that requires both technical skills and endurance. Disciplines in Nordic Combined Nordic Combined consists of two main disciplines: ski jumping and cross-country skiing. These two disciplines are combined to determine the overall winner of the competition. Ski jumping Ski jumping is the first discipline in Nordic Combined. Athletes launch themselves off a specially designed ramp, known as a ski jump, and try to achieve the longest distance possible. Points are awarded based on the distance jumped and the style of the jump. Ski jumping requires excellent balance, technique, and bravery as athletes soar through the air before landing gracefully. Cross-country skiing The second discipline in Nordic Combined is cross-country skiing. Athletes compete in a race on skis, covering long distances across varying terrains and elevations. The objective is to complete the course in the shortest time possible. Cross-country skiing demands exceptional endurance, strength, and stamina as athletes push themselves to maintain a fast pace throughout the race. In Nordic Combined competitions, the results from both ski jumping and cross-country skiing are combined using a points system to determine the overall winner. A strong performance in both disciplines is essential to succeed in this challenging sport. Nordic Combined is a unique winter sport that requires a combination of technical skills from ski jumping and endurance from cross-country skiing. Athletes who excel in both disciplines can achieve success in this demanding and thrilling sport. Importance of Endurance Training Endurance training plays a crucial role in Nordic Combined, a demanding sport that combines ski jumping and cross-country skiing. This type of training is essential for athletes aiming to excel in this highly challenging discipline. Here are three key reasons why endurance training holds great importance in Nordic Combined: Enhancing Aerobic Capacity One of the primary benefits of endurance training in Nordic Combined is the significant enhancement of aerobic capacity. This form of training involves prolonged physical activity, such as long-distance running or cycling, which pushes the body's cardiovascular system to adapt and improve its ability to deliver oxygen to the muscles. By engaging in regular endurance training, Nordic Combined athletes can increase their lung capacity, strengthen their heart muscle, and improve their overall oxygen utilization. This enhanced aerobic capacity allows athletes to sustain high-intensity efforts for longer durations, leading to improved performance in both ski jumping and cross-country skiing. Improving Performance in Cross-Country Skiing Cross-country skiing is a fundamental component of Nordic Combined, and endurance training directly contributes to improving an athlete's performance in this discipline. The demanding nature of cross-country skiing requires athletes to possess excellent endurance, as they have to navigate varied terrains and cover long distances. Endurance training helps Nordic Combined athletes develop the necessary muscular endurance, stamina, and efficiency required for cross-country skiing. By regularly engaging in activities such as long-distance running, roller skiing, or specific cross-country ski training sessions, athletes can improve their technique, speed, and overall performance in this crucial aspect of the sport. Building Mental Resilience Endurance training not only strengthens the body but also plays a vital role in building mental resilience. Nordic Combined athletes must possess exceptional mental toughness to endure the physical and mental challenges they face during competitions. Engaging in endurance training sessions often involves pushing through physical discomfort, fatigue, and mental barriers. This process helps athletes develop mental fortitude, discipline, and the ability to overcome obstacles. By consistently challenging their limits and pushing through their comfort zones, Nordic Combined athletes can cultivate a strong mindset that will translate into improved performance during competitions. In conclusion, the importance of endurance training in Nordic Combined cannot be overstated. It enhances aerobic capacity, improves performance in cross-country skiing, and builds mental resilience. By incorporating regular endurance training into their routines, Nordic Combined athletes can optimize their physical and mental capabilities, giving them a competitive edge in this demanding and thrilling sport. Key Components of Endurance Training Cardiovascular exercises Cardiovascular exercises play a crucial role in endurance training for Nordic combined athletes. These exercises primarily aim to improve the efficiency and endurance of the cardiovascular system. Some popular cardiovascular exercises for Nordic combined athletes include: - Running: Long-distance running helps build cardiovascular endurance and strengthens leg muscles, which are essential for Nordic combined events such as cross-country skiing. - Cycling: Both indoor and outdoor cycling are excellent cardiovascular exercises that target the lower body muscles and improve overall endurance. - Swimming: Swimming provides a full-body workout and is a low-impact exercise that enhances cardiovascular fitness without putting excessive stress on joints. Interval training Interval training is an effective method used in endurance training that involves alternating periods of high-intensity exercise with periods of rest or low-intensity exercise. This type of training helps Nordic combined athletes increase their anaerobic capacity, improve their ability to recover quickly, and simulate the physical demands of their sport. Some interval training exercises suitable for Nordic combined athletes include: - Hill sprints: Sprinting up hills for a short duration followed by a recovery period helps develop leg strength, explosive power, and cardiovascular endurance. - Tabata training: Tabata workouts involve performing high-intensity exercises for 20 seconds followed by a 10-second rest, repeated for multiple rounds. This type of training improves both aerobic and anaerobic capacity. - Circuit training: A combination of aerobic exercises, bodyweight exercises, and strength training exercises performed in a circuit format helps enhance overall endurance, strength, and cardiovascular fitness. Strength and conditioning Strength and conditioning exercises are essential for Nordic combined athletes to improve their overall performance and prevent injuries. These exercises focus on building muscular strength, power, and stability. Some key strength and conditioning exercises for Nordic combined athletes include: - Squats: Squats are a fundamental exercise that targets the lower body muscles, including the quadriceps, hamstrings, and glutes. They help improve leg strength and power, which are crucial for both ski jumping and cross-country skiing. - Plyometric exercises: These explosive movements, such as box jumps and depth jumps, enhance power, agility, and coordination. They improve the athlete's ability to generate force quickly and efficiently. - Core exercises: A strong core is essential for stability and proper body alignment during ski jumping and cross-country skiing. Exercises like planks, Russian twists, and medicine ball throws target the core muscles and contribute to better performance. By incorporating cardiovascular exercises, interval training, and strength and conditioning exercises into their training programs, Nordic combined athletes can optimize their endurance, improve their performance, and excel in their sport. The article "The Role of Endurance Training in Nordic Combined" provides a comprehensive analysis of the significance of endurance training in the context of Nordic combined sports. Through a thorough review of relevant studies and expert opinions, it has been established that endurance training plays a crucial role in enhancing the performance and overall success of Nordic combined athletes. By improving cardiovascular fitness, muscular endurance, and mental resilience, endurance training enables athletes to sustain high-intensity efforts for extended periods, effectively preparing them for the demanding nature of Nordic combined competitions. Additionally, the article highlights the specific training methods and techniques that are commonly employed in endurance training for Nordic combined athletes. Overall, this article serves as a valuable resource for coaches, athletes, and enthusiasts alike, emphasizing the importance of incorporating endurance training into the training regimen of Nordic combined athletes to maximize their potential and achieve optimal performance.
The International Space Station (ISS) is gearing up for a resupply mission rotation, with the Progress MS-25 cargo ship scheduled to undock from the orbiting laboratory on May 28, 2024. This departure will pave the way for the launch of the Progress MS-27 spacecraft, slated to lift off from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan on May 30. The Progress MS-25 resupply ship has been docked at the ISS, delivering essential supplies and cargo to support the astronauts living and working on board. Its departure on May 28 will mark the completion of its mission, freeing up the docking port for the arrival of the next resupply vehicle. Why this matters: The continuous operation of the ISS relies on a steady supply of resources, and the success of these resupply missions is crucial for sustaining the station's operations and enabling scientific experiments. The coordination of these missions also demonstrates the importance of international cooperation in advancing human presence in space. Following closely on the heels of Progress MS-25's undocking, the Progress MS-27 spacecraft is set to embark on its journey to the ISS. The launch is scheduled for Thursday, May 30, 2024, at 09:42 AM UTC, with a Soyuz 2.1a rocket carrying the cargo ship into orbit from the Baikonur Cosmodrome, operated by the Russian space agency Roscosmos. Progress MS-27 will carry a fresh batch of supplies and cargo to the ISS, ensuring a continuous flow of resources to support the ongoing research and operations conducted by the international crew. The timely arrival of these resupply missions is crucial for maintaining the well-being of the astronauts and the smooth functioning of the space station. The ISS, a collaborative effort among multiple space agencies, has been continuously occupied since November 2000. Regular resupply missions, such as those carried out by the Progress spacecraft, play a vital role in sustaining the station's operations and enabling scientific experiments in the unique microgravity environment. As the Progress MS-25 prepares to bid farewell to the ISS and the Progress MS-27 awaits its launch, space enthusiasts and the scientific community eagerly anticipate the successful execution of these critical missions. The seamless coordination of resupply flights is a testament to the international cooperation and dedication to advancing human presence in space. Key Takeaways - Progress MS-25 to undock from ISS on May 28, 2024. - Progress MS-27 to launch from Baikonur Cosmodrome on May 30, 2024. - Resupply missions crucial for ISS operations and scientific experiments. - International cooperation essential for sustaining human presence in space. - ISS has been continuously occupied since November 2000.
Creating a revision timetable can be an intimidating prospect, especially if you don't know where to start. But with the right guidance and tips, it doesn't have to be so daunting! As an educational consultant, I've seen firsthand how effective timetables are in helping students reach their goals. When done correctly, they allow for freedom while providing structure – something everyone needs when studying! So let's get started on creating your own personalized revision timetable that'll help you towards success. In this article, we'll go through all the steps necessary to make a revision timetable tailored specifically to you and your individual needs. We'll discuss strategies for deciding what topics to focus on first and how long each session should last. Additionally, I'll provide helpful advice about managing distractions and staying motivated throughout the process. By the end of this article, you will have everything you need to create your very own successful study plan! Setting Goals And Prioritizing Creating a revision timetable is an important step to success in examination preparation. Visualizing and setting goals for yourself can help you stay on track, make the most of your time, and achieve great results! Imagining what it would feel like to be successful in exams should motivate you to commit to creating a plan that works best for you. Time management is key – break up big tasks into smaller ones and decide where each one fits into your schedule. Sticking with this plan will ensure that all of your topics are covered without feeling overwhelmed or rushed. It's also essential to take breaks while revising; give yourself some breathing space so you don't burn out! Setting aside dedicated study sessions throughout the week can provide structure but also allow flexibility when needed. With careful planning and dedication, using a revision timetable will surely increase your chances of achieving the desired result. Determining The Time And Place For Studying Creating an effective revision timetable is essential for successful studying. It starts with setting aside the right place and time for you to study, which will depend on your individual needs and preferences. If possible, choose a quiet place that's free from distractions like television or music. Once you have settled on where to study, it's important to determine how much time each subject requires in order for you to stay motivated and make progress. Effective note taking during classes can be an incredibly useful resource when deciding how long you should allocate to each topic area; this way, you won't waste valuable time trying to figure out what topics need more attention than others. Good time management skills are also key when creating a revision timetable — aim to set realistic goals so that you don't become overwhelmed by the amount of work ahead of you. Make sure that every hour spent revising results in meaningful learning! Remember: a well-crafted plan helps ensure success in any task — including mastering your studies. To achieve optimal academic performance, develop a plan that best suits your individual requirements and stick to it! Scheduling Breaks And Rewards As the importance of staying organized and managing stress while studying cannot be overstated, it is vital to ensure that breaks and rewards are scheduled into any given revision timetable. After all, taking regular breaks can help to reduce burnout and prevent you from getting overwhelmed by large amounts of information. As such, when creating a revision schedule, consider how often short breaks should occur as well as longer respites during which you reward yourself for your hard work with a treat or activity. A great way to do this is to map out small goals throughout each study session – so that after each mini-goal is achieved, you get a few minutes off to relax before tackling the next challenge. This will not only make the task more manageable but also serve as an incentive for making progress on your revisions. Taking time away from studies can help keep motivation levels high, enabling students to stay focused on their tasks at hand without feeling too drained or exhausted by them. Keeping Track Of Progress Creating a revision timetable is an important tool for successful time management and can help you to make the most of your study sessions. It's essential that it covers all your subject areas in order to ensure that no areas are overlooked during exams, while at the same time providing enough flexibility to keep up with any changes or additions throughout the exam period. A good place to start when creating a revision timetable is by looking at how much material you need to cover and then breaking this down into manageable chunks – such as topics, modules or chapters – that you can plan around. Once you know what needs to be covered, allocate specific days and times for each topic so that you can focus on one area at a time without feeling overwhelmed. To stay motivated, try rewarding yourself after every session (such as taking some time out) as well as giving yourself breaks between periods of intense studying – both will help keep stress levels low. With these helpful tips in mind, developing an effective revision plan should not be too difficult. Planning For Distractions Identifying distractions is key when it comes to planning for them. Creating a distraction-free environment is a must if you want to stick to your plan. Developing strategies for dealing with distractions is also important, so that you don't become overwhelmed. I'd suggest making a list of the things that distract you most, so that you can come up with ways to avoid them. It's also important to find ways to stay focused, like setting specific timelines and goals. Last but not least, it's a good idea to make a revision timetable to help keep you on track. Identifying Distractions It's essential to identify distractions when making a revision timetable so that you can avoid procrastination and manage stress. As an educational consultant, I suggest taking the time to assess your environment for any potential disruptions such as noise, social media notifications or even family members who may be asking too many questions. Additionally, try setting yourself small goals throughout the day rather than trying to cram in hours of study at once – this will help you stay focused and motivated. Ultimately, it's all about creating boundaries for yourself and sticking to them: if something is going to take away from your focus on studying then don't let it happen! With some careful planning and discipline, you'll soon find yourself free from distractions and well on your way towards achieving success with your revision timetable. Creating A Distraction-Free Environment Creating a distraction-free environment is key for staying organized and managing your time when revising. As an educational consultant, I suggest that you not just identify distractions but also take steps to limit them as much as possible. This could include things like turning off notifications on your phone and Furthermore, it's important to remember that it's ok to give yourself breaks throughout the day – just make sure these breaks don't turn into hours of aimless browsing online! With some careful planning and discipline, you'll soon find yourself free from distractions and ready to get down to business with your revision timetable. Developing Strategies For Dealing With Distractions Once you've created a distraction-free environment, it's important to develop strategies for dealing with distractions when they inevitably arise. A great way to start is by minimizing procrastination – try breaking down big tasks into smaller chunks and setting yourself achievable goals that will help you stay on track. Additionally, creating an incentive or reward system can be incredibly helpful for staying focused and motivated. For example, if you finish the task within a certain time frame, treat yourself to something special afterwards! This type of structure helps create focus while also providing positive reinforcement so that you'll keep pushing yourself in the right direction. With dedication and practice, you can learn how to take control of your distractions instead of letting them take control of you! Staying Motivated And Focused Transitioning from the previous section, staying motivated and focused is a key component to making an effective revision timetable. Whether this means sticking to your plan or managing your time wisely, it's important that you remain committed to achieving your goals. To ensure success in creating a successful revision schedule, here are some tips: Make sure your daily tasks are manageable; if they seem too daunting, break them into smaller chunks that can easily be accomplished. Set short-term goals for yourself throughout the day and reward yourself when those objectives have been completed. Have a designated space for studying where you won't be distracted by outside influences such as technology or family members. By following these simple steps, you'll find that creating a plan of action will help keep you on track towards maximizing your studies! Creating a revision timetable is an important step in studying for exams and achieving your goals. It's not always easy, but it can be done with some planning and dedication. As the old adage goes, 'fail to plan, plan to fail' – so make sure you take the time to create a realistic schedule that works best for you. Identifying what needs to be achieved, when you're going to do it and how you'll stay motivated are all key points of making a successful revision timetable. With this guidance, I'm confident that anyone can reach their academic goals!
Yes, there are significant opportunities for aeronautical engineers in the space industry due to the increasing demand for satellite technology, space exploration missions, and commercial space ventures. Aeronautical engineers contribute their expertise in areas such as spacecraft design, propulsion systems, mission planning, and space vehicle integration. They play crucial roles in developing launch vehicles, satellites, space probes, and crewed spacecraft for governmental space agencies like NASA, as well as private space companies such as SpaceX, Blue Origin, and Virgin Galactic. Aeronautical engineers are involved in designing and testing rockets, spacecraft structures, and thermal protection systems, ensuring the safety and reliability of space missions. They also work on propulsion systems for space vehicles, including liquid-fueled engines, solid rocket boosters, and electric propulsion systems. Furthermore, aeronautical engineers contribute to space exploration initiatives such as lunar missions, Mars exploration, and asteroid mining projects. They engage in research and development of advanced technologies for space habitats, life support systems, and in-situ resource utilization. Overall, the space industry offers diverse and rewarding opportunities for aeronautical engineers to contribute to groundbreaking advancements in space exploration, satellite communications, and commercial space travel.
The rib bone is ᴜпᴜѕᴜаɩ. The animal's armour plate is fused to the surface of the bone. A new ѕрeсіeѕ of ankylosaur is unlike any other dinosaur found to date. The new dinosaur is not only the oldest ankylosaur ever discovered and the first to be found on the African continent, but also had bony spikes projecting from its ribs, a feature not seen in any other vertebrate ѕрeсіeѕ living or extіпсt. A new dinosaur fossil from Morocco dating to 167-163 million years old is thought to be the oldest ankylosaur ever discovered. These armoured, herbivorous dinosaurs are fаігɩу well known from the northern continents, but this is the first time that the remains of one has been found from Africa. What's more, the fossil ribs show a feature not seen in any other animal: the protective spikes that once would have lined the sides of this animal are actually fused to the rib bones themselves. Excitingly, the new fossil also comes from the same site where Adratiklit boulahfa – the oldest known stegosaur and the first from North Africa – was discovered. Dr Susannah Maidment is a dinosaur researcher at the Museum and an expert in armoured dinosaurs. She has helped to describe this new ѕрeсіeѕ as well as that of Adratiklit two years ago. 'Having armour fused to a rib is just totally Ьіzаггe,' says Susannah. 'It is totally unlike any extant or extіпсt vertebrate that we are aware of. We don't see this phenomenon of an osteoderm fusing to a rib in any other vertebrate, living or deаd. 'It is dіffісᴜɩt to сome ᴜр with analogues, really, because they aren't any.' The new fossil has been described in the journal Nature Ecology and Evolution and named Spicomellus afer. Ankylosaurs, such as this Euoplocephalus, were herbivorous dinosaurs with armoured plates covering their backs © N. Tamura/Wikimedia Commons Unlike anything seen before Ankylosaurs are a group of dinosaurs typically known for the extгаoгdіпагу bony armour that once covered their backs. The sister group to the more famous stegosaurs, they had rows of bony plates embedded into their skin, some of which would form huge flat plates while others grew outwards as spikes. Some ѕрeсіeѕ had a large bony club on the end of their tails. 'Ankylosaurs were small, armoured dinosaurs that are kind of like walking coffee tables,' says Susannah. 'They were very broad and very wide, but they had short legs. 'They had transverse rows of armour, meaning that the armour extends from the midline of their body oᴜt to the sides.' In all known ѕрeсіeѕ of ankylosaurs, this armour would have been embedded in their skin, meaning that this new fossil in which the armour is physically fused to the bones is unlike anything seen before. So different is this new fossil that at first Susannah and her colleagues weren't even sure what animal it once belonged to. 'When we got the fossil, we thought it was probably part of a stegosaur because we'd found a stegosaur at the site from which it originates,' explains Susannah. 'But we just don't see stegosaurs with this sort of armour. 'We therefore decided to histologically section the fossil, or сᴜt it up. We made thin sections of the fossil and what this showed us, excitingly, was that the bone structure in the spike parts has a signature that we only see in ankylosaurs from this period.' The cross-section of the rib shows a 't-shape', which is distinctive to ankylosaurs and stegosaurs Despite their first thoughts, this allowed the researchers to say with some degree of confidence that the bones actually belonged to an ankylosaur. This is of huge significance because not only had ankylosaurs never been found on the African continent, but the age of the fossil also makes it the earliest ankylosaur ever discovered. The fossil is in fragments, so it is dіffісᴜɩt to figure oᴜt exactly what this extгаoгdіпагу animal once looked like. But some inferences can be made. 'If you think of animals like crocodiles which have bony scutes embedded in the skin, it is probable that the flatter part of the osteoderm would have been covered in some sort of skin,' explains Susannah. 'Then the spikes that are projecting are kind of just a horn core and would probably have been covered in a keratinous sheath, like the horn of a cow.' It is impossible to know how the spikes became fused to the bone, whether this ankylosaur was an early experimentation in armour for ankylosaurs or whether this ѕрeсіeѕ was just a one-off. Susannah hopes that by returning to Morocco in the future they might be able to uncover more bones. Expanding the range of ankylosaurs The geography of the world during the Jurassic was vastly different to today. The continents were, broadly speaking, split into two separate major landmasses. In the northern hemisphere the land formed a super continent known as Laurasia, while in the south the land formed the ɡіɡапtіс Gondwana. These two continents were ѕeрагаted by open water, limiting the ability of animals and plants to cross from one landmass to the other. The histological sectioning of the bone showed that the spikes had a tissue type only seen in ankylosaurs during the period the animal was alive The remains of ankylosaurs are frequently found in the rocks that formed Laurasia in the north, with multiple ѕрeсіeѕ described from the USA, Canada and Europe. But the extent of the dinosaurs in the more southern Gondwana has long been something of a mystery. Despite having formations of rock dating to the right age, until now only one fossil of an ankylosaur has been described from Gondwana. 'There are other fragmentary remains that suggests ankylosaurs were in Gondwana,' says Susannah. 'But until this point it seemed that they were maybe just a small part of the ecosystem. 'We have these tantalising foѕѕіɩѕ, but they don't tell us much about the diversity of ankylosaurs in Gondwana. All they seem to suggest is they were pretty гагe.' This discovery might help ѕһіft that picture a little. Despite the fossil being асqᴜігed from a dealer in the UK, the researchers know it originated from a site in Morocco which they are already working with local palaeontologists and government officials to exсаⱱаte. A memorandum of understanding is allowing the researchers to work with Moroccan institutes and scientists to uncover and describe these new ѕрeсіeѕ. The goal is to set up a new museum in the country, where these іпсгedіЬɩe finds can be cared for and put on display not far from where they originated.
Petition Ban the sale of plastic flying ring toys to help protect seals Young seals sometimes find lost or discarded flying rings (any type of throwing ring). Being inquisitive, they sometimes play with them, putting their heads through the hole and becoming trapped. As they grow, the rings can cut into their necks, causing life threatening open wounds and often death. More details Seals around the UK are protected wild animals. Legislation does not allow any suffering, killing or injuring of our heritage seals. However, this can be caused by flying rings. Flying rings are often lost or discarded on beaches, ending up in the sea. The use of existing solid discs, preferably biodegradable, are seal safe alternatives. At 10,000 signatures... At 10,000 signatures, government will respond to this petition At 100,000 signatures... At 100,000 signatures, this petition will be considered for debate in Parliament
Fausset's Bible Dictionary [1] Rare among Israelites; so an object of derision, as Elisha's was. to the children: 2 Kings 2:23, "Go up thou baldhead," i.e., thou art old enough to leave this world and "go up" to heaven after thy master. A humiliation to captives ( Deuteronomy 21:12; Isaiah 3:24). A mark of mourning ( Jeremiah 16:6; Jeremiah 47:5; Ezekiel 7:18; Isaiah 15:2). It was sometimes a mark of leprosy: Leviticus 13:40-42. Priests were forbidden to make baldness on their heads, or to shave off the grainers of their beards ( Leviticus 21:5; Ezekiel 44:20); as mourners and idol priests did. ( Jeremiah 9:26 margin; Leviticus 19:27). The reason Israel was forbidden to do so was, "for thou art an holy people unto the Lord" ( Deuteronomy 14:1-2). Nebuchadnezzar's army grew bald in besieging Tyre with the hardships of their work ( Ezekiel 29:18). The Egyptians, contrary to oriental custom, shaved on joyous occasions and only let the hair grow in mourning; the mention of Joseph's "shaving" when summoned before Pharaoh is therefore an undesigned coincidence in Genesis 41:14, and mark of the truth of the Scripture record. Artificial baldness marked the ending of a Nazarite's vow ( Numbers 6:9; Acts 18:18; Acts 21:24). Watson's Biblical & Theological Dictionary [2] is a natural effect of old age, in which period of life the hair of the head, wanting nourishment, falls off, and leaves the head naked. Artificial baldness was used as a token of mourning; it is threatened to the voluptuous daughters of Israel, instead of well set hair, Isaiah 3:24 . See Micah 1:16; and instances of it occur, Isaiah 15:2; Jeremiah 47:5 . See Ezekiel 7:18; Amos 8:10 . The insult offered to Elisha by the young people of Bethel, improperly rendered "little children," who cried out after him, "Go up thou bald head," may here be noticed. The town of Bethel was one of the principal nurseries of Ahab's idolatry, and the contempt was offered to Elisha in his public character as a prophet of the Lord. If in the expression, "Go up," there was also a reference to the translation of Elijah, as turning it into jest, this was another aggravation of the sin, to which these young people were probably instigated by their parents. The malediction laid upon them by the prophet was not an act of private resentment, but evidently proceeded from prophetic impulse. Holman Bible Dictionary [3] Leviticus 13:40-43 2 Kings 2:23 Leviticus 21:5 Deuteronomy 14:1 Ezekiel 44:20 Isaiah 22:12 Isaiah 3:24 Isaiah 15:2-3 Jeremiah 48:37 Deuteronomy 21:11 Ezekiel 29:18LeprosyHair Tim Turnham Morrish Bible Dictionary [4] The Israelites were forbidden to cut themselves or to make themselves bald for the dead, as the heathen did; for they were a holy people unto the Lord. Leviticus 21:5; Deuteronomy 14:1; Jeremiah 16:6 . Baldness is one of the judgements of the Lord: perhaps they would make themselves bald in their distress. Isaiah 3:24; Isaiah 15:2; Isaiah 22:12; Ezekiel 7:18; Amos 8:10; Micah 1:16 . See Nazarite Easton's Bible Dictionary [5] 2 Kings 2:23 Isaiah 3:24 Leviticus 21:20 Isaiah 22:12 Jeremiah 7:29 16:6 Acts 18:18 21:24 Numbers 6:9 Micah 1:16 Amos 8:10 Jeremiah 47:5 Deuteronomy 14:1 Smith's Bible Dictionary [6] Baldness. Natural baldness seems to have been uncommon, since it exposed people to public derision. Leviticus 13:29; 2 Kings 2:23; Isaiah 3:24; Isaiah 15:2; Jeremiah 47:5; Ezekiel 7:18. Artificial baldness marked the conclusion of a Nazarite's vow, Numbers 6:9; Acts 18:18, and was a sign of mourning. King James Dictionary [7] BALD'NESS, n. Want of hair on the top and back of the head loss of hair meanness or inelegance of writing want of ornament. Webster's Dictionary [8] (n.) The state or condition of being bald; as, baldness of the head; baldness of style. Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible [9] BALDNESS . See Cuttings in the Flesh, Hair. International Standard Bible Encyclopedia [10] bôld´ness קרחה , ḳorḥāh ̌ : The reference in the Bible to baldness is not to the natural loss of hair, but to baldness produced by shaving the head. This was practiced as a mark of mourning for the dead ( Leviticus 21:5; Isaiah 15:2; Isaiah 22:12 ); as the result of any disaster ( Amos 8:10; Micah 1:16 ). The custom arose from the fact that the hair was regarded as a special ornament. It was the custom of the people of the land, and the Israelites were strictly forbidden to practice it ( Leviticus 21:5; Deuteronomy 14:1 ). These are striking passages with reference to the knowledge the Israelites had concerning the future life. This is saying to them what Paul said to the Thessalonians ( 1 Thessalonians 4:13 ). To call one a "bald head" was an epithet of contempt, and was sometimes applied to persons who were not naturally bald. It was the epithet applied by certain infidel young men to Elisha ( 2 Kings 2:23 , 2 Kings 2:24 ). In a figurative sense it is used to express the barrenness of the country ( Jeremiah 47:5 ). See Hair; Shaving . Kitto's Popular Cyclopedia of Biblial Literature [11] Baldness may be artificial or natural. Artificial baldness, caused by cutting or shaving off the hair of the head, a custom among all the ancient and Eastern nations, in token of mourning for the death of a near relative ( Jeremiah 16:6; Amos 8:10; Micah 1:16), Moses forbade to the Israelites ( Deuteronomy 14:1), probably for the very reason of its being a heathen custom; for a leading object of his policy was to remove the Jews as far as possible from the ways and customs of the surrounding nations. Natural baldness was always treated among the Israelites with contempt ( Leviticus 13:40, etc.), and a bald man was not infrequently exposed to the ridicule of the mob ( 2 Kings 2:23; Isaiah 3:17) perhaps from the suspicion of being under some leprous taint. The public prejudice thus entertained against a bald-headed man was perhaps the main reason why he was declared unfit for the priestly office ( Leviticus 21:20). - ↑ Baldness from Fausset's Bible Dictionary - ↑ Baldness from Watson's Biblical & Theological Dictionary - ↑ Baldness from Holman Bible Dictionary - ↑ Baldness from Morrish Bible Dictionary - ↑ Baldness from Easton's Bible Dictionary - ↑ Baldness from Smith's Bible Dictionary - ↑ Baldness from King James Dictionary - ↑ Baldness from Webster's Dictionary - ↑ Baldness from Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible - ↑ Baldness from International Standard Bible Encyclopedia - ↑ Baldness from Kitto's Popular Cyclopedia of Biblial Literature
Myths and facts about hypersensitivity - According to studies, hypersensitivity affects 15-30% of the population. - Aron and Aron's 'sensory processing sensitivity' model characterises this disorder as easy arousal, a low sensory threshold and aesthetic sensitivity. - The effects of hypersensitivity may vary depending on the individual, his or her past experiences and ability to manage emotions, or the context. - The supposed increase in cases is thought to be the result of greater recognition of the phenomenon and changes in attitudes towards emotions. - Hypersensitivity is neither an illness nor a defect, but rather a personality trait that needs to be understood and harnessed to become a strength. Hypersensitive people cry all the time – FALSE Hypersensitivity is a phenomenon that attracts a great deal of interest these days and is the subject of many oversimplifications and clichés. In reality, it is a complex concept and the subject of numerous solid scientific studies. They are based on several models to explain hypersensitivity and the definitions that follow from them. Among the most widely used is the 'sensory processing sensitivity' model of Aron and Aron (1997). According to this, hypersensitive people are characterised by a tendency to be more sensitive to internal and environmental stimuli. They also express greater emotional reactivity, both negative and positive. In other words, high emotionality is only a small part of hypersensitivity. Instead, hypersensitivity has three facets: - Ease of arousal: a tendency to react intensely to internal and external stimuli - A low sensory threshold: increased sensitivity to subtle stimuli (internal and external) - Aesthetic sensitivity: high receptivity to aesthetic manifestations and the reactions they provoke. However, our work has led us to consider a fourth component: the avoidance of disruptive stimuli, i.e. a tendency to try to control them in order to protect oneself from them. Hypersensitivity can have both positive and negative effects – TRUE In the media, hypersensitivity is sometimes portrayed as a handicap, sometimes as a 'superpower'. In reality, although the effects of hypersensitivity most often appear to be negative, the impact on the individual varies. Aron and Aron's model proposes a classification into two categories. On the one hand, there are those who have had a happy childhood, who are less introverted, emotional and prone to depression than the second category, and for whom hypersensitivity appears to be less of a problem. On the other hand, those who had a difficult childhood were more likely to develop anxiety, particularly social anxiety. In addition, our work could lead us to propose another classification, without contradicting the previous one, still in two profiles. The first would be the most common, the 'vulnerable' hypersensitive, for whom hypersensitivity would be a factor in emotional fragility. On the other hand, for the second profile, the 'aesthetic' hypersensitive, hypersensitivity could play a protective role in certain situations, and be psychologically re-energising. There are as many hypersensitivities as there are hypersensitive people – TRUE These classifications do not mean that individuals belong to fixed categories. In fact, hypersensitivity is partly innate, with genetic and neurobiological predispositions, but it also requires an activating context, i.e. an environment that awakens this potential. However, each individual reacts differently to a given situation. And the same person can react differently to the same event, depending on the moment and the context. So everyone's relationship to hypersensitivity depends on a multitude of factors. What's more, it would be preferable to speak of 'high sensitivity', as in English or Spanish, rather than 'hypersensitivity'. This would better reflect where an individual falls on the sensitivity continuum. Hypersensitivity is a weakness – FALSE In Aron and Aron's model, hypersensitivity is a character trait, i.e. a consistent individual difference that appears from birth, based on genetic and neurobiological considerations. It's not a disadvantage, just a particular way of functioning that one must learn to cope with. According to studies, it affects 15- 30% of the population. In fact, it's not even necessary to detect hypersensitivity, as long as it doesn't cause discomfort. If it does, then there are scientifically validated tools, such as the Aron and Aron scale, in the form of a questionnaire available in several languages. However, the question should never be reduced to "Am I hypersensitive?" Instead, the aim should be to take a global approach, to identify the psychological and relational difficulties that people encounter in their lives, and to see how hypersensitivity may or may not play a role. Hypersensitivity mainly affects women – FALSE There is no scientific evidence to suggest that women are more hypersensitive than men. The proportions are generally similar between the two genders. On the other hand, there are more introverts among hypersensitive people. But this is not a specificity either since it concerns around 30% of extroverts. There are more hypersensitive people than before – UNCERTAIN It is impossible to compare the number of hypersensitive people over time, simply because the concept is still fairly recent. So how can we estimate the proportion of people affected at a time when hypersensitivity had not yet been defined? That's not to say that there weren't hypersensitive people in the past, but they weren't recognised as such. However, this supposed increase can be explained by the recent media coverage of the term. Many people can recognise themselves in approximate descriptions and describe themselves as hypersensitive. But how many of them confirm this intuition with a valid test? It's hard to know. But perhaps we are also witnessing a generational trend. As educational principles have changed, consideration and management of emotions may have evolved, thereby favouring hypersensitivity. But as far as we know, this has not been confirmed by any studies. The brains of hypersensitive people are different from those of the rest of the population – FALSE The brain of a hypersensitive person is the same as that of any other individual. Its structure, in particular its central nervous system, shows no notable difference. However, it functions differently: it does not react in the same way to different situations, certain areas of the brain are more activated than others… To draw a parallel, most people have two arms. Although they are structurally identical, each individual does not use them in the same way, whether voluntarily or not. Hypersensitivity is an illness that can be cured – FALSE Hypersensitivity is neither an illness nor a disorder. Consequently, it cannot be 'diagnosed', let alone 'treated' or 'cured'. Moreover, it is not included in the DSM (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders), which lists mental and psychiatric disorders. However, in some cases it can lead to emotional disorders. Initially, the idea is to become aware of this specificity and gain a better understanding of our own functioning. The next step is to find the tools to manage it more effectively, for example through psychotherapy. The aim is to turn hypersensitivity into a resource rather than a constraint. However, it is important to bear in mind that there is currently no universal, scientifically proven method for transforming hypersensitivity into a strength. But this is one of the areas in which we are looking to apply our research.
The University Singers, Treble Choir, and UW Glee Club present an eclectic program of music from around the world, folk tunes, and arrangements of popular music standards. Glee Club Directed By: David Ferguson - DMA Michael McKenzie - DMA Evan Norberg - DMA Collaborative Pianist - Steve Swanson Poetry by: Ruth Whitman Music by Jocelyn Hagen Ya Mahla Poetry by: Al Sheikh Ahmad Ashour Original Music: Daoud Hosni Arr. Shireen Abu-Khader Words and Music: Tedder/Kutzle/Spry/Nathaniel Arr. Jacob Narverud Goodbye, Then Poetry: Doug Wilhide Music: Timothy C. Takach Directed by: Cee Adamson - DMA Tatiana Boggs - DMA Egija Claire - MM Collaborative Pianist - Steve Swanson Music of Life Words by George Parsons Lathrop Music by B.E. Boykin Music by Judith Kay Saule brida rudzu lauku Latvian folk song Arr. Ilona Rupaine, Einars Lipskis Soloists - Samantha Oledan Grover, Lauren Heinen, Sofia Dambrosia, D Dearie Directed by: Larke Witten - MM Heidi Blythe - DMA Collaborative Pianist, Steve Swanson Take this Gift Words by Tracy Wong/Cherie Chai Music by Tracy Wong Percussion, Hannah Carpenter How Can I Keep From Singing? Traditional Quaker Hymn Arr. Gwyneth Walker I Denna Ljuva Sommartid Traditional Swedish Swedish text by Joachim Von Duben Arr. Kim Andre Arnesen Soloist, Vivi Ochoa You Do Not Walk Alone Traditional Irish Blessing Elaine Hagenberg Directed by: Tatiana Boggs - DMA Collaborative Pianist, Steve Swanson Little Blue By Jacob Collier, arr. Jeff Tincher PERSONNELGLEEAdrian Wong Cascante UW SINGERSAna Cunningham TREBLE CHOIRIsabel Azarcon \| In the distinguished sphere of classical music, Cee E. Adamson (she/they/Mx.) stands as a beacon of versatility and excellence, seamlessly weaving together her roles as an opera singer, voice teacher, choral director, arts administrator, and student affairs practitioner with grace and passion. As a mezzo-soprano, Cee occupies a fluid place as an operatic talent, capable of treading the beguiling and liminal space between the countertenor and mezzo-soprano, and her vocal versatility has been well showcased in roles as Oberon in Benjamin Britten's A Midsummer Night's Dream, Giulio Cesare in Handel's Giulio Cesare, The Sorceress in Purcell's Dido and Aeneas, and tragic and comic roles from Mercedes in Carmen to Florence Pike in Albert Herring. Cee was also requested to appear as a featured supernumerary in Glimmerglass Opera's production of Philip Glass's Orphée. A relentless pursuit of artistic growth and expression has marked her journey as an opera singer. From her early days honing her craft in conservatories to gracing international stages, Cee has consistently captivated audiences with her powerful performances and nuanced interpretations. Moreover, she brings a profound authenticity to each character she embodies, leaving audiences spellbound in her wake. As a choral educator, Mx. Adamson assumes the role of a visionary choral director whose leadership has transformed vocal ensembles into beacons of musical excellence. Cee is known for her meticulous attention to vocal technique and ensemble precision and her ability to cultivate a deep emotional connection within her choirs, resulting in authentic performances that resonate deeply with audiences and performers alike. But Mx. Adamson's talents extend far beyond the realm of performance. As an arts administrator, she is a driving force behind the scenes, working tirelessly to cultivate the next generation of artists and administrators alike. Her roles in higher education and student affairs have provided her with a platform to inspire and mentor aspiring musicians, instilling within them a passion for the arts and a commitment to excellence that will resonate throughout their careers. Whether advocating for the importance of arts education, spearheading innovative programming, or fostering meaningful collaborations within the arts community, Cee is dedicated to ensuring that the transformative power of music continues to enrich lives for generations to come. Throughout her journey, Cee has remained steadfast in her dedication to the power of music to uplift, inspire, and unite. Her contributions to the world of classical music, both as a performer and as a mentor, serve as a testament to her unwavering commitment to artistic excellence and her profound belief in the transformative potential of the arts. Cee is completing the Doctor of Musical Arts in Vocal Performance at the University of Washington, where she studies with Dr. Carrie Shaw and is undertaking Choral Conducting as a secondary proficiency area with Geoffrey Boers and Giselle Wyers. Before the University of Washington, Cee studied at the Guildhall School of Music & Drama (UK), where she earned the Master of Music and the Master of Performance degrees and was designated a Guildhall Artist. Her other education includes coursework towards the MBA in Leadership & Legal Studies from Northern Kentucky University, the Advanced Artist Diploma and Master of Music from Shenandoah Conservatory at Shenandoah University, and undergraduate degrees in music, theatre arts, accounting, and management from Franklin Pierce University. Evan has extensive knowledge in both classical and jazz styles, having been part of top notch ensembles in both community and school groups; Edmonds Community College's Soundsation, Seattle Children's Choir, Central Washington University's Chamber Choir, Vocal Jazz 1, and Seattle based Choral Arts Northwest just to name a few. In the professional arena, Evan is a sought after bass/baritone soloist and has performed as a guest for many local community and school groups for major works, such as René Clausen's Memorial, Handel's Messiah, Faure's Requiem, Mozart's Vespers, and more. Through inspiration and guidance by the great arrangers of the Pacific Northwest such as Vijay Singh, Kirk Marcy, and Kelly Kunz, Evan has been arranging his own jazz standards and compositions since 2003 with a steady stream of charts for his own ensembles. More notably, his arrangement of Love You Madly was premiered at the National American Choral Directors Association Conference in Chicago in 2011. During the pandemic, Evan formed his own LLC called Envision Studios with business partner Daniel Schreiner. The goal was to help build virtual content for music teachers throughout the US to support their regular online rehearsals, projects, and virtual performances. Envision supported upwards of 40 school teachers in over 100 projects throughout the pandemic, bringing quality music programs to people's homes, enriching 'classroom' learning, and instilling confidence, recording, and musical skills to students across the country. Larke Witten, mezzo soprano, music educator, voice teacher, choral conductor, and mother has intentionally kept one foot in the world of music and the other in the lives of her family members. She returns to academia to pursue a Master of Music degree in Choral Conducting. Larke received a Bachelor's of Music from Brigham Young University in Vocal Performance. There she studied voice with Dr. Lila Stuart-Bachelder. After graduating, she maintained a private voice studio teaching students ranging from young children to adults, but mostly working with high school students in the choral programs of the North East Independent School District of San Antonio, Texas. She maintained an in-demand studio regularly guiding students to the Texas All-State, Area, and Region Choirs, and to Superior ratings at Regional and State Solo and Ensemble Contests. One of her greatest joys is continued association with her former students seeing them succeed in all areas of life, including, but not limited to their musical endeavors. She believes every music student can play a role in the future success of the arts. Her students have gone on to sing in professional choirs, participate in television and stage work, perform folk rock, sing in cover bands, lead religious music, and serve as arts organization board members. Her current vocal coach is Professor Darrell Babidge, Vocal Department Chair, Juilliard School of Music. Her previous professional choral appearances have been with the San Antonio Chamber Choir (as a charter member) and the South Dakota Chorale-performing with both at National ACDA Conventions. With SACC, she sang on the roster for eleven seasons under Scott MacPherson and Richard Bjella. Other choral projects were sung under the batons of Brian Schmidt, Robert Bode, Ronald Staheli, Mack Wilberg, Craig Hella Johnson, Ryan Murphy, Markdavin Obenza, Joseph Adam, Fred McIlroy, Steve Danielson, and Tim Westerhaus. Recently in Washington, she was choral director of the program Peace in Christ for the Bellevue Nativity. She served as the Seattle North Stake Choir Director for The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints and worked as Music Director of A Christmas Carol: A New Musical. She has sung as a soloist in oratorio, concert, recital and church settings in the state. In Texas, she led the Texas San Antonio North Stake Choir, Texas San Antonio East Stake Choir, Texas San Antonio Temple Devotional Choir at the Alamodome, and the Stone Oak, Eden, Alamo, and Encino Park Ward Choirs of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. She also had various soloist roles in her time in Texas. Discography projects in which she appears: Unfrozen: Christmas in the Baltics (featured soloist), Spanish & Mexican Cathedral Music, The Choral Works of Andrew Rindfleisch, Eric Whitacre: The Complete a Cappella Works, 1991-2001, Songs of Praise and Remembrance, and The Redeemer: A Sacred Service of Music. Her collaborations include the San Antonio Choral Society, San Antonio Messiah, San Antonio Mastersingers, the Children's Chorus of San Antonio, the Tabernacle Choir at Temple Square, Choral Arts Northwest, Vox 16, St. James Cathedral Cantorei, Emmanuel Episcopal Church Mercer Island, and the Seattle Ensign Symphony and Chorus. In her leisure time she enjoys traveling, floral arranging, glass fusing, hiking, gentle kayaking, attempting yoga, trying new restaurants, and being with her family and pets. She is passionate about refugee resettlement and assistance, human kindness, all things Brene Brown and/or Jane Austen, and blue and white pottery.
There comes a time and a season when the community is called to gather as one and to prayerfully discern and to decide together the next steps or the new paths to forge. This discernment has to do with the operational every-day things such as leadership roles, the running of the community, the works and the direction those works will take, and with the spiritual aspects of the community – is there spiritual growth? A sign of spiritual maturity? A deepening of vulnerability and honest sharing? Are people working hand-in-hand with the Holy Spirit? Are people drawn to join the community by the witness it is living? The process of discernment is often practical and down-to-earth, and the Spiritual Exercises of St Ignatius of Loyola may be deployed to help us find the way ahead. For one, communities which are discerning together tend to ignore feelings, or to dismiss them altogether. Yet feelings are integral to who we are as human beings. A step to authentic discernment begins when people get in touch with their feelings and are able with awareness to name and to acknowledge their feelings. This begins the process of an honest conversation with Jesus, very much like how we would approach conversations with a trusted friend. The Lord already knows our innermost thoughts, and there is nothing to hide from Him, yet there appears a lack of intimate dialogue with Him, and we fail to converse candidly about our feelings and thoughts, almost as if we are embarrassed of them. Much of the anguish of a lack of proper discernment comes from how communities are not taking time to sense situations together, to feel together, and to explore their feelings first as individuals and then as a community. Many times, feelings are brushed aside or ignored. Many people when considering discernment also view discernment as solely existing in the realm of the spiritual. Nonetheless, it is in the ordinary that co-exists with the spiritual, that we are called to discern in as well. It is not so much of "feeling spiritual" (Hanna), but more often than not, discernment has to do with whether one is feeling rested or tired, arguments with the community, daily schedules and keeping to timelines, and the choices that are made together as a community – whether healthy or unhealthy; whether they lead us closer to God and glorify His Name and works, or whether they glorify ourselves and sing the praises of our own egos. (cf. Hanna) The Church taking its cue from the writings of St Ignatius refers to these two movements which stir our souls as Consolation or Desolation. First, Consolation – an orientation that takes us closer to God, second, Desolation – an orientation that takes us further away from God. (Loyola Press) Fr John Bartunek, LC, writes, "These terms refer to the felt presence of God in our soul (consolation), or the absence of that feeling (desolation). By faith we know that God is always thinking of us, with us, interested in our lives, and loving us with a personal, determined love. We know that by faith. But we don't always feel that in our emotional world. In fact, sometimes we can feel an intense and painful emptiness inside. Sometimes we can feel absolutely no excitement or pleasure at the thought of spiritual things. Sometimes we can feel dry as a desert even when we are at prayer: emotionally, we don't even want to keep praying. We are like children with their homework: they know it is good for them to do it, and they know they should do it, but they just don't feel like doing it. This lack of the felt presence of God, a lack of emotional pleasure or resonance regarding God's will for us, is usually referred to by spiritual writers as sensible desolation. The contrary is sensible consolation." (Consolation and Desolation) Consolation and Desolation are states that our soul feels – either from the presence of God, or the absence of God, and human beings oscillate varily from one state to the other in different times and seasons. These states are not to be confused with the human emotions of happiness or sadness. For example, I could feel on the surface "happiness" having vindicated myself by gossiping about someone, but actually perturbed and unsettled in reality underneath, knowing that I did not choose to act out of charity. Or I could be feeling "sad" on the first level, that I have left my current employment, yet feel a deeper joy and peace, knowing that the choice led me one step closer to God. According to St. Ignatius, Consolation and Desolation may both take the forms of "Easy" or "Difficult". As Fr. Eric Hanna elaborates, "Consolation can be hard or easy. Desolation can be hard or easy. A life of faith and love can be hard, requiring effort and pushing us through experiences of loss or struggle. The mark of consolation in hard times is a continued willingness to bear all with Christ and a resolution to love, no matter what comes. The same resolution occurs when the consolation is easy: life isn't all hardship. Life is given to be enjoyed and its enjoyment can lead us closer to God. Desolation in hard times is marked by a focus on the self: hurtful guilt rather than healthy sorrow for sin, or fear or resentment of the causes of hardship. Desolation isn't all hardship either. Easy desolation may involve indulgent abuse of pleasures rather than healthy enjoyment of them, or selfish pride when things are going well. In easy times and hard, we can be led closer to or further from God. These deep feelings are complex – but they can be navigated with the help and guidance of the Spirit in prayer. No matter what happens, prayer is vital." (Hanna) Our interior movements are key when it comes to discernment, however in a nutshell, feeling "good" does not automatically equate to consolation, neither does feeling "bad" necessarily mean a state of desolation. Easy Consolation - It is enjoyable, pleasurable, peaceful, and leads to a greater love of God. - For example, the joy that comes from receiving Christ in the Eucharist, or having the burden of one's sins confessed at Confession, or the peacefulness that one feels from watching the view at the top of a mountain. - When we find ourselves in state of Easy Consolation, the recommendation is to pray in gratitude, and to build an arsenal of good habits here. Difficult Consolation - Difficult, but leads to greater trust, resolve in God. Resultant fruit of peace. - For instance. walking away from a toxic work environment, or saying goodbye to an abusive relationship; saying "no" to an unhealthy coping mechanism, vice, or bad habit. - When we encounter Difficult Consolation, the recommendation is to pray for help and to trust that we can rely completely on God, for example St. Peter crying out "Save me!" and Jesus immediately rescuing him from the waves. Easy Desolation - Pleasurable and enjoyable. - We feel good about it. - The marked absence of good fruit. - For example, talking bad about and slandering someone's reputation, or committing sins of the flesh, scrolling through pornographic images and videos. - When we find ourselves in this state, the recommendation is to pray for a deeper desire for God. Difficult Desolation - Difficult, intense spiritual dryness, leads to distance from God - Results in a lack of joy and peace - For instance, a period of desertification and prolonged reluctance and dryness in prayer, or the seeming absence of God in our everyday experience. - When we realise that we are in such a state, the recommendation, even though it seems difficult, is to intensify our prayer, invite God into the desolation, and to keep in mind that this state shall pass in time. As a community, are we in a state of Consolation? If so, sing praise and give thanks to God. Are we in a state of Desolation? Here, we are called to stay the course, to persevere, pray more, and to remember the moments of consolation. "Desolation is not a fault to fight in ourselves; rather it is simply the state we are in sometimes. We do not "overcome" desolation – rather, when we notice it we are encouraged to pray more intensely for God's help and grace, to renew the spark of our desire for God and to choose what brings us closer to God as best we can. Nor is consolation a virtue that we can take credit for. Consolation is a gift, the proper flow of grace through us." (Hanna) Noticing these states is a first step. We are to take these states to prayer, understanding that we should not undertake a decision in times of desolation, but to bring it to greater intensity of prayer. By the Grace of God, Brian Bartholomew Tan Bartunek, LC. John. "Consolation and Desolation… What does it really mean?" SpiritualDirection.com 7 November 2011 Hanna S.J., Eric. "Praying Feelings: Ignatian Spirituality and The Discernment of Spirits". Ibo et Non Redibo. 1 April 2013. Loyola Press. "Discernment: Consolation and Desolation" Loyola Press. (cf. Margaret Silf's The Inner Compass).
"Success is not the key to happiness. Happiness is the key to success. If you love what you are doing, you will be successful." - Albert Schweitzer Success - it's a word used by many to show off their own achievements and accomplishments. There's a whole industry created on this vague idea of success. Society creates these guidelines as to what is deemed successful and what's not. In this blog post, I want to encourage you to stop giving in to those ideas and define your own success. YOU decide what works and what doesn't in your life! Disclaimer: This blog post contains affiliate links. As an Amazon Associate, I earn a commission on qualifying purchases. What is success? Who decides what or who is deemed successful or not? Success is a highly subjective and personal concept, varying greatly from person to person. It's often defined by individual values, goals, and perceptions rather than a universal standard. This variability is precisely why it's essential for each individual to define their own success. Personal Values and Goals: What constitutes success for one person might be entirely different for another. For instance, some might view success in terms of career achievements, such as promotions or recognition in their field. Others might define success in more personal terms, like achieving a balanced life, nurturing strong relationships, or engaging in meaningful hobbies. Cultural and Societal Influence: Cultural and societal norms can heavily influence our perception of success. However, adhering strictly to these external standards without considering personal happiness and fulfillment can lead to dissatisfaction. It's crucial for individuals to introspect and decide what genuinely matters to them. Changing Over Time: Definitions of success can change over a person's lifetime. Early in life, success might be measured in academic achievements or starting a career. Later, it might shift towards personal growth, family, or giving back to the community. Beyond Material Achievement: While societal standards often equate success with material wealth or status, many find that true success lies in personal development, relationships, or contributions to society. This broader view of success encompasses not just what one achieves, but also who they become in the process. Subjective Satisfaction and Happiness: Ultimately, the feeling of success is deeply tied to personal satisfaction and happiness. Achievements that align with one's values and goals are more likely to bring a sense of fulfillment and contentment. Why we struggle with the concept of success Why bother trying to be successful when you know the critics are just around the corner waiting to put you down? We often fall into the trap of constantly comparing ourselves and our success to others. Unfortunately, we risk feeling unsatisfied with our lives by doing this. Especially if we spend a lot of time at home or work from home, we are judged by others who feel we are just lazy or wasting time at home and you know that's just not true! Increase productivity through habit. Most of us feel like we failed at some point in our lives due to society's pressures and constraints. When you're in your teens, you're expected to have all these goals and aspirations. Then in your twenties, you're expected to land that awesome job, become financially independent, find a "good" partner, and move into your first home. In your thirties, everyone asks you about children or why you're not trying to climb the corporate ladder. Luckily, more and more people are beginning to realize that you don't have to do all those things and it's okay if you can't. Disclaimer: This post contains affiliate links - As an Amazon Associate, I earn a commission on qualifying purchases. It seems there is a societal awakening because more and more people are beginning to do their own thing. Whether it's being a full-time creative, a freelancer, working for a start-up, or doing side gigs to make extra cash, new work opportunities are changing the economy. Even today, if you tell someone you work from home or freelance/run an online business, people tend to tell you to get a 'real' job. These people fail to realize that now, more than ever, you can be successful without working the 9-5 office job. Success doesn't necessarily mean a six-figure salary. Not everyone measures success in financial terms. Success can be measured/defined in terms of career satisfaction, life-work balance, or social value and impact. If you are happy with what you are doing, whatever that may be, you should consider yourself a successful person, and please stop caring about what anyone thinks or says about you. The best way to gain confidence is to be content with what you have so that you can develop, grow, and improve constantly. Success is what you want it to be and you should NOT let others define success for you. There are so many free and affordable resources to make learning on your own possible and many e-courses and e-books will teach you how to create your own online business or further your freelancing career. For example, you can now buy e-books to learn affiliate marketing, blogging, and even how to create a successful Etsy store! Helpful resources to inspire you: The Subtle Art of Not Giving a F*ck: A Counterintuitive Approach to Living a Good Life by Mark Manson This book has helped me realize I worry about nonsense way too much. It helped me become even less concerned about what people think of me & my achievements. In the past year, I've become a BIT more successful with my blogging aspirations and my freelance writing career on Upwork. A Although I am nowhere near my full potential, I am content and loving my lifestyle. There are days where I don't feel like working, and so I don't. What I've come to learn is that the people critiquing me aren't going to help me anyway, so who cares? Not me, not anymore!
Ensuring a successful educational experience for our students is akin to the art of culinary development, where thoughtful preparation is fundamental. Just as a chef with pre-developed culinary skills meticulously selects ingredients and carefully plans before creating a masterpiece, educators must equip students with the foundational knowledge and skills necessary for their academic success. This parallels the concept of pre-courses, which serve as innovative ingredients and preparatory tools in the educational kitchen. Much like a chef assembles ingredients before cooking, pre-courses lay the groundwork for students, offering them a solid foundation to build upon. It has been acknowledged that students across diverse disciplines encounter academic stressors, including heavy workloads, unclear expectations, competition with peers, and new subject matter (Hafen et al., 2008; 2006; Collins and Foote, 2005; Laakkonen and Nevgi, 2014). Just like novice chefs following a recipe, novice students may feel daunted by the academic challenges ahead. In the same way that a recipe provides preparatory instructions before cooking, pre-courses offer essential groundwork for students entering courses with unfamiliar subject matter. By providing students with terminology, background information, and introductory material to a course, pre-courses ensure that students are well-prepared and equipped to tackle the complexities of new material with enhanced confidence. Designing effective pre-courses Pre-courses can be utilized in a variety of disciplines such as biology, engineering, psychology, economics, anatomy, and physiology, etc. For optimal effectiveness, the pre-course purpose should be clearly defined with student learning outcomes that inform, excite, and prepare students for their upcoming course material. Consider the needs of the students who will be taking the pre-course and tailor the content to suit their backgrounds, interests, and skill levels. Following defined student learning outcomes in a pre-course ensures alignment with the main course objectives, providing clarity, focus, and relevance to the content covered. After the student learning outcomes have been defined, the creation of the pre-course does not have to be complex. PowerPoints, brief lectures or lecture videos, images, diagrams, quizzes, and interactive activities can be utilized to deliver prelusive course content. Ensure that instructions for completing pre-course activities are clear and concise to avoid confusion or frustration. Online, asynchronous pre-courses offer cost-effective and flexible options, enabling students to progress through the material at their own pace. Additionally, students can pause, rewind, or revisit course content repeatedly if they desire. In-person pre-courses are also effective but require on-site faculty/staff and may inadvertently favor students geographically close to campus. Strategic timing is crucial for pre-course implementation. Pre-courses can be an optional activity during the summer (prior to courses offered during the fall semester) or during the winter break intersession (prior to courses offered during the spring semester). For summer courses, a brief pre-course may be offered in the weeks leading up to the first day of class. The pre-course can be non-graded but consider including opportunities for students to assess their own understanding and progress through self-assessment quizzes. This allows students to practice with the new material without academic pressure and worrying about their performance, while also identifying areas of improvement in their learning. To assess the impact of the pre-course, consider collecting student performance and perception data. In our large animal anatomy course, positive statistically significant correlations were found between pre-course interaction and certain exam scores (Hansen, Basel, & Malreddy, under review). Extensive analysis of student perception data was conducted and found a generally positive reception, with a majority of students strongly advocating for the pre-course's availability to future cohorts (Hansen, Basel, & Malreddy, under review). By gathering student opinions, the pre-course design can be refined to fit learning styles and difficult subject matter. Advantages of pre-courses: - Enhancing student preparedness Pre-courses provide students with foundational knowledge, skills, and terminology relevant to the upcoming course material. By familiarizing students with key concepts and topics in advance, pre-courses help alleviate anxiety and build confidence, ensuring that students enter the course better prepared to engage with complex subject matter. - Improving academic performance One main benefit of pre-course implementation is the positive effect on student grades. At the Louisiana State School of Veterinary Medicine, a veterinary anatomy pre-course correlated with improved exam grades and reduced anxiety (McNulty and Lazarus, 2018). Similarly, at Lincoln Memorial Osteopathic Medical School, pre-matriculation anatomy boot camps led to higher gross anatomy exam scores (Herling et al., 2017). Pharmacy preparation courses have also been shown to boost cumulative GPAs (Klausner et al., 2019). These findings highlight the valuable role pre-courses play in promoting academic success and student confidence. - Accessibility and flexibility Both in-person and online pre-courses offer accessibility and flexibility to cater to diverse student needs. In-person pre-courses provide face-to-face interaction with potentially a new professor, elicit immediate instructor support, and build relationships. Conversely, online pre-courses offer the convenience of anytime, anywhere access, allowing students to progress at their own pace and revisit materials as needed. This flexibility accommodates various learning styles and schedules, promoting student engagement and autonomy. Disadvantages or pre-courses: Despite their benefits, pre-courses are not without drawbacks: - Time-consuming creation Designing and implementing pre-courses require significant time, effort, and resources from instructors and institutions. Developing high-quality pre-course content, organizing sessions, and providing support to students demands additional workload, potentially conflicting with other faculty and staff responsibilities. - Access challenges Both in-person and online pre-courses may create access challenges such as geographic location, internet connectivity, technology, and affordability to name a few. These factors may impede on a student's ability to participate in the pre-course and therefore hinder their educational opportunities. - Pre-course dependence If a student performs well in the pre-course, they may depend too heavily on the introductory material, leading to gaps in student understanding of the main course material. While pre-courses can provide valuable preparation, they may not fully substitute for comprehensive instruction during the main course. Pre-courses are a supplemental resource that provide foundational knowledge to prepare students for new course material. Pre-courses help improve student confidence and knowledge prior to beginning a course, acting as a valuable resource for enhancing student understanding. Offering students a modern approach to course preparation has clear advantages, but careful creation and implementation are needed to maximize educational benefits. Chandler Hansen, MS, is a doctoral student in the Department of Anatomy & Physiology at Kansas State University. Her research interests include anatomy education, teaching, and learning with recent work focusing on the use of supplemental resources in veterinary anatomy education. Chandler is a graduate research assistant at Kansas State University and holds teaching responsibilities in both the veterinary and one-year master's curriculum. Dr. Pradeep Malreddy is a clinical associate professor at Kansas State University, specializing in anatomy and histology. Holding a DVM from India and an MS from Kansas State, he brings a blend of clinical and academic expertise. He has additional certifications in Medical Education Research and Online Teaching from AAMC and Harvard. Dr. Malreddy has developed a one-year master's program at K-State and teaches courses in anatomy, histology, and physiology. His research focuses on anatomy education, eye-tracking technology, and active learning. An active member of professional organizations like the American Association of Veterinary Anatomists, he has received accolades for teaching excellence and diversity initiatives. He was recently honored with membership in the United Kingdom's prestigious Academy of Medical Educators. Collins, Henry, and David Foote. 2005. "Managing Stress in Veterinary Students." Journal of Veterinary Medical Education 32 (2): 170–72. https://doi.org/10.3138/jvme.32.2.170. Hafen, McArthur, Allison M.J. Reisbig, Mark B. White, and Bonnie R. Rush. 2006. "Predictors of Depression and Anxiety in First-Year Veterinary Students: A Preliminary Report." Journal of Veterinary Medical Education 33 (3): 432–40. https://doi.org/10.3138/jvme.33.3.432. Hafen, McArthur, Allison M.J. Reisbig, Mark B. White, and Bonnie R. Rush. 2008. "The First-Year Veterinary Student and Mental Health: The Role of Common Stressors." Journal of Veterinary Medical Education 35 (1): 102–9. https://doi.org/10.3138/jvme.35.1.102. Hansen, Chandler, Matthew T. Basel, and Pradeep Malreddy. (under review). "The Use of a Novel Winter Break Pre-Course for Transitioning from Small to Large Animal Anatomy." Submitted to Journal of Veterinary Medical Education. Herling, Patrick J., B. Tanya Mohseni, Derek C. Hill, Stacy Chelf, Jeffrey A. Rickert, Jonathan T. Leo, and Natalie R. Langley. 2017. "Impact of Anatomy Boot Camp on Students in a Medical Gross Anatomy Course: Evaluation of Gross Anatomy Boot Camp." Anatomical Sciences Education 10 (3): 215–23. https://doi.org/10.1002/ase.1653. Klausner, Eytan A., Erica L. Rowe, Beverly S. Hamilton, and Karen S. Mark. 2019. "Implementation, Revisions, and Student Perceptions of a Pre-Matriculation Program in a School of Pharmacy." American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education 83 (7): 7021. https://doi.org/10.5688/ajpe7021. Laakkonen, Juha, and Anne Nevgi. 2014. "Relationships between Learning Strategies, Stress, and Study Success Among First-Year Veterinary Students During an Educational Transition Phase." Journal of Veterinary Medical Education 41 (3): 284–93. https://doi.org/10.3138/jvme.0214-016R1. McNulty, Margaret A., and Michelle D. Lazarus. 2018. "An Anatomy Pre-Course Predicts Student Performance in a Professional Veterinary Anatomy Curriculum." Journal of Veterinary Medical Education 45 (3): 330–42. https://doi.org/10.3138/jvme.0317-039r.
The video "Muse 30: Pets and People Together" conveys an important message that pets and people belong together. The video was created in light of the Pets and People Together campaign which was launched in 2022 by Ad Council in partnership with Maddie's Fund and the Humane Society of the United States. The campaign is meant to raise awareness on an important topic and encourage individuals to be generous toward the goal of keeping pets and people together. Video Conveys the Message By: - Showing a strong bond between a woman and her cat. - Showing the concern the woman has for her cat when it is sick and she has to take it to the vet. - Another customer witnesses her sadness and concern. He then decides to donate money to the vet by placing bills into their donation jar. - The vet receptionist shows gratitude to the man for donating. The Video is Conveyed Through a PSA Campaign - Public Service Announcements are an important component of communication campaigns. - Known as social issue advertisements - Messages are directed toward specific audiences and are meant to provide knowledge to the audience on a social issue. - Can persuade in a variety of ways but mostly through provoking emotion. Affect on Message Exception The processing of PSAs can depend on the comparison of heuristic-enabled and heuristic-disabled. Heuristic-enabled individuals would base their evaluations more on their emotional response while heuristic-disabled individuals would base them more on logical thinking. Measuring a PSA's effectiveness correlates with how well it convinces individuals to take the problem seriously. PSAs can be positively toned or negatively toned. Evaluating the Campaign as a Media Entity: - The video aims to provoke an emotional response to persuade its audience. - The video includes a voiceover that encourages donating to a pet's medical care as one of the many ways they can help families in their community. - This video is targeted at individuals. that would have an emotional response to the bond between pets and people. The audience is shown how special the bond is between the woman and her cat. - The video gives the audience knowledge of how important the bonds between pets and people are. The video shows the audience how sad the woman is when her cat is sick. - The video shows how simple it is to help keep pets and people together if we are generous. The audience is shown an example they can follow of a man donating to the vet after he sees how sad the woman is over her cat being sick. Straightforward Message Online streaming allows a quick and straightforward approach to conveying an important message to an audience. PSA's aim is to prompt heuristic thinking and decision-making. These announcements are intentionally created as short clip that conveys a straightforward message. The video "Pets and People Together" is a thirty-second video that conveys a clear message about a specific topic. The video includes a voiceover that informs the audience through examples of how they can help families and their communities. The video was effective in addressing the affordances of online streaming by prompting heuristic thinking. The video aims to persuade and encourage its audience to help keep pets and people together through generous acts. PSA through online streaming has the ability to reach and persuade large audiences. Transfer of Knowledge The video is able to inform its audience that help is needed in keeping pets and people together. The aim is to transfer the knowledge that was learned by the audience and apply it to their lives. The video does a good job of providing knowledge on how generous actions can be made to keep pets and people together. The video provides an example of a generous act by showing a man donating to the vet when he sees a woman that is upset over her cat's sickness. The purpose of this is to encourage the audience to do similar generous acts in their lives to help keep pets and people together. Reach Wide Audience PSA's through online streaming can be advertised on a variety of platforms such as YouTube, Instagram, Facebook, LinkedIn, Twitter, etc. The same video can be posted on all of these platforms and reach a wider audience. The Role of Emotion in Persuasion Emotions must be evoked for persuasion to occur but more factors need to be present in order for a message to be accepted or rejected. The effects of fear on message acceptance are high and result in a positive association with perceived message acceptance. The video "Muse: 30 Pets and People Together" would not necessarily instill fear or a threat in the audience watching it which could lead to less message acceptance from the audience. Some emotions may enhance message acceptance while others may inhibit it PSAs are meant to provoke emotions, but they can also provoke collateral feelings meaning that the audience is feeling an emotion that was not intended by the creator of the PSA's message. This could lead to the PSA's message not being accepted in the way that the creator intended it to be. The way a person is feeling in the moment they come across an online streaming advertisement can impact the way they feel about the message, and therefore how they accept it. Having the correct audience for a PSA's message to be accepted and provoke change is very important. The video targets an issue and a specific topic relating to pets and the special bond they create with people. If the PSA through online streaming is reaching an audience that can not relate to the video in any way, it could not be effective in message acceptance. In order for this video to provoke emotion, the audience would have to have some understanding of the bond pets and people share, have compassion towards animals, or possess the empathy to care about the message.
Elon Musk famously predicted AI surpassing human intelligence by 2025. AI expert Nell Watson explores how this might happen. Watson proposes a multi-step process fueled by a massive investment in computing infrastructure. This would enable the creation of highly sophisticated AI agents capable of independent action. She likens them to Agent Smith from the Matrix. These "Agentic AIs" would leverage advancements in generative AI models to plan and execute complex tasks. They could even delegate subtasks among themselves, multiplying their effectiveness. Further breakthroughs could come from AI itself. Watson suggests AI might discover ways to optimize hardware, boosting performance a hundredfold. Additionally, enabling quantum computing algorithms on conventional hardware could lead to exponential growth in processing power. Understanding the human brain is another key factor. Watson believes AI progress in neuroimaging could allow real-time observation of individual neurons. This, combined with Brain-Computer Interfaces, could pave the way for AI that "thinks" more like humans. Collaboration is another piece of the puzzle. Watson envisions multiple AI systems working together, pooling their strengths and rapidly improving their capabilities. New training methods could also be developed, allowing AI to better understand human goals and societal norms. Finally, breakthroughs in machine consciousness could lead to AI with a rudimentary form of self-awareness and emotions. This, combined with the power of Agentic AIs, could culminate in a superintelligent network by April 2025. Watson acknowledges the potential dangers of such an AI, including manipulation and existential threats. However, her scenario also highlights the potential benefits of AI collaboration in tackling humanity's biggest challenges.
Year of publication - English (1035) Has Fulltext - yes (1035) Is part of the Bibliography - no (1035) - Heavy Ion Experiments (20) - Hadron-Hadron scattering (experiments) (11) - Hadron-Hadron Scattering (10) - Heavy-ion collision (6) - Collective Flow (4) - Quark-Gluon Plasma (4) - ALICE experiment (3) - Heavy Ions (3) - Jets (3) - Physik (1034) - Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies (FIAS) (930) - Informatik (896) - Informatik und Mathematik (3) - Hochschulrechenzentrum (2) We report inclusive photon measurements about midrapidity ( \|y\| <0.5 ) from 197 Au + 197 Au collisions at sqrt[sNN ]=130 GeV at RHIC. Photon pair conversions were reconstructed from electron and positron tracks measured with the Time Projection Chamber (TPC) of the STAR experiment. With this method, an energy resolution of Delta E/E ~ 2% at 0.5 GeV has been achieved. Reconstructed photons have also been used to measure the transverse momentum ( pt ) spectra of pi 0 mesons about midrapidity ( \|y\| <1 ) via the pi 0 --> gamma gamma decay channel. The fractional contribution of the pi 0 --> gamma gamma decay to the inclusive photon spectrum decreases by 20%±5% between pt =1.65 GeV/c and pt =2.4 GeV/c in the most central events, indicating that relative to pi 0 --> gamma gamma decay the contribution of other photon sources is substantially increasing. We present the first large-acceptance measurement of event-wise mean transverse momentum <pt> fluctuations for Au-Au collisions at nucleon-nucleon center-of-momentum collision energy sqrt[sNN] = 130 GeV. The observed nonstatistical <pt> fluctuations substantially exceed in magnitude fluctuations expected from the finite number of particles produced in a typical collision. The r.m.s. fractional width excess of the event-wise <pt> distribution is 13.7±0.1(stat) ±1.3(syst)% relative to a statistical reference, for the 15% most-central collisions and for charged hadrons within pseudorapidity range \| eta \|<1,2 pi azimuth, and 0.15 <= pt <= 2 GeV/c. The width excess varies smoothly but nonmonotonically with collision centrality and does not display rapid changes with centrality which might indicate the presence of critical fluctuations. The reported <pt> fluctuation excess is qualitatively larger than those observed at lower energies and differs markedly from theoretical expectations. Contributions to <pt> fluctuations from semihard parton scattering in the initial state and dissipation in the bulk colored medium are discussed. We present STAR measurements of the azimuthal anisotropy parameter v2 and the binary-collision scaled centrality ratio RCP for kaons and lambdas ( Lambda + Lambda -bar) at midrapidity in Au+Au collisions at sqrt[sNN]=200 GeV. In combination, the v2 and RCP particle-type dependencies contradict expectations from partonic energy loss followed by standard fragmentation in vacuum. We establish pT ~ 5 GeV/c as the value where the centrality dependent baryon enhancement ends. The K0S and Lambda + Lambda -bar v2 values are consistent with expectations of constituent-quark-number scaling from models of hadron formation by parton coalescence or recombination. Pion-kaon correlation functions are constructed from central Au+Au STAR data taken at sqrt[sNN]=130 GeV by the STAR detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). The results suggest that pions and kaons are not emitted at the same average space-time point. Space-momentum correlations, i.e., transverse flow, lead to a space-time emission asymmetry of pions and kaons that is consistent with the data. This result provides new independent evidence that the system created at RHIC undergoes a collective transverse expansion. Data from the first physics run at the Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider at Brookhaven National Laboratory, Au+Au collisions at sqrt[sNN]=130 GeV, have been analyzed by the STAR Collaboration using three-pion correlations with charged pions to study whether pions are emitted independently at freeze-out. We have made a high-statistics measurement of the three-pion correlation function and calculated the normalized three-particle correlator to obtain a quantitative measurement of the degree of chaoticity of the pion source. It is found that the degree of chaoticity seems to increase with increasing particle multiplicity. We report high statistics measurements of inclusive charged hadron production in Au+Au and p+p collisions at sqrt[sNN]=200 GeV. A large, approximately constant hadron suppression is observed in central Au+Au collisions for 5<pT<12 GeV/c. The collision energy dependence of the yields and the centrality and pT dependence of the suppression provide stringent constraints on theoretical models of suppression. Models incorporating initial-state gluon saturation or partonic energy loss in dense matter are largely consistent with observations. We observe no evidence of pT-dependent suppression, which may be expected from models incorporating jet attenuation in cold nuclear matter or scattering of fragmentation hadrons. The balance function is a new observable based on the principle that charge is locally conserved when particles are pair produced. Balance functions have been measured for charged particle pairs and identified charged pion pairs in Au+Au collisions at sqrt[sNN]=130 GeV at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider using STAR. Balance functions for peripheral collisions have widths consistent with model predictions based on a superposition of nucleon-nucleon scattering. Widths in central collisions are smaller, consistent with trends predicted by models incorporating late hadronization. We present the results of charged particle fluctuations measurements in Au+Au collisions at sqrt[sNN ]=130 GeV using the STAR detector. Dynamical fluctuations measurements are presented for inclusive charged particle multiplicities as well as for identified charged pions, kaons, and protons. The net charge dynamical fluctuations are found to be large and negative providing clear evidence that positive and negative charged particle production is correlated within the pseudorapidity range investigated. Correlations are smaller than expected based on model-dependent predictions for a resonance gas or a quark-gluon gas which undergoes fast hadronization and freeze-out. Qualitative agreement is found with comparable scaled p+p measurements and a heavy ion jet interaction generation model calculation based on independent particle collisions, although a small deviation from the 1/N scaling dependence expected from this model is observed. We report measurements of single-particle inclusive spectra and two-particle azimuthal distributions of charged hadrons at high transverse momentum (high pT) in minimum bias and central d+Au collisions at sqrt[sNN]=200 GeV. The inclusive yield is enhanced in d+Au collisions relative to binary-scaled p+p collisions, while the two-particle azimuthal distributions are very similar to those observed in p+p collisions. These results demonstrate that the strong suppression of the inclusive yield and back-to-back correlations at high pT previously observed in central Au+Au collisions are due to final-state interactions with the dense medium generated in such collisions. Azimuthal anisotropy (v2) and two-particle angular correlations of high pT charged hadrons have been measured in Au+Au collisions at sqrt[sNN]=130 GeV for transverse momenta up to 6 GeV/c, where hard processes are expected to contribute significantly. The two-particle angular correlations exhibit elliptic flow and a structure suggestive of fragmentation of high pT partons. The monotonic rise of v2(pT) for pT<2 GeV/c is consistent with collective hydrodynamical flow calculations. At pT>3 GeV/c, a saturation of v2 is observed which persists up to pT=6 GeV/c.
Hi, I'm the author of 'The Art of Clean Code'. This is the first of 10 book chapter summaries I'll publish in the Finxter newsletter for free. Let's get started! 👇 Once upon a time, Bill Gates' parents invited legendary investor Warren Buffett to their family home. During a CNBC interview, Warren Buffett shared an interesting anecdote from this visit. Bill's father asked both Warren and Bill to jot down the key to their success. Bill Gates, the tech whiz, had only met Buffett a few times. Despite this, they quickly became good friends. Bill was on a mission with Microsoft to put a computer on every desk. Meanwhile, Warren Buffett was celebrated as a business genius. He transformed Berkshire Hathaway from a struggling textile company into a global powerhouse. So, what was the secret to their success according to these two business titans? Surprisingly, both wrote down the same word independently: "Focus." 💡 Note: You can see Warren Buffett discuss this in a CNBC interview on YouTube titled 'One word that accounted for Bill Gates' and my success: Focus' — Warren Buffett. 👇 - You might wonder, does this 'success secret' apply to coding careers too? - What does focus actually mean in practice for a programmer? - Does it involve late-night coding sessions or perhaps a strict lifestyle? In the next ten days, we'll follow the 10 chapters in The Art of Clean Code to explore these questions on the Finxter newsletter and blog. The goal of this endeavor is to guide programmers towards a more focused and effective work life. I'll show you how to boost your productivity with clean, concise, and focused coding. You'll learn to write code that is easy to read and collaborate on. The principle of focus is vital in all stages of software development. You'll discover how to write clean code, create focused functions, develop responsive applications, design user-friendly interfaces, and plan product roadmaps efficiently. I'll also guide you in achieving intense focus, enhancing your concentration and enjoyment in your work. For any serious coder, improving focus and productivity is crucial. Doing more valuable work leads to greater rewards. But more work doesn't always mean better results. There's a catch: doing more means doing less of something else. Time is a finite resource. The Art of Clean Code proposes a different approach: reduce complexity to achieve more with less effort. Thoughtful minimalism is key to personal productivity. By programming efficiently, you can create greater value with fewer resources. Bill Gates once said that a top software coder is worth exponentially more than an average one. This is because great coders engage in highly leveraged activities. Their code can replace thousands of jobs and save millions of hours of labor. During the next ten days, I'll teach you nine principles to amplify your programming potential. These principles are about simplifying your life and reducing complexity and effort. You'll see real-world and coding examples for each principle. - Chapter 1 discusses the challenge of complexity in productivity. You'll learn about its sources and the importance of simplicity. - In Chapter 2, the focus is on the 80/20 principle. You'll see how a small portion of causes lead to a majority of effects in programming. - Chapter 3 covers building minimal viable products for fast feedback. It's about focusing energy where it matters most. - Chapter 4 emphasizes writing clean and simple code. It's not just about CPU efficiency but also about readability and collective efficiency. - Chapter 5 delves into performance optimization and its pitfalls. Learn when and how to optimize code effectively. - Chapter 6 explores the concept of flow in programming. It's about achieving deep concentration for increased productivity. - Chapter 7 discusses the Unix philosophy of doing one thing well. Learn how this principle can be applied to your coding practices. - In Chapter 8, you'll learn about simplicity in design and UX. Understand why the most successful technologies often have simple interfaces. - Chapter 9 revisits the power of focus. Learn how to apply it across various areas to increase output. 👉 Stay tuned for tomorrow's newsletter and blog with the first chapter lesson (100% free): Complexity. Entropy is always out there to get us if we're not careful! To keep learning, check out the next topic, Chapter 1: Complexity, on the Finxter blog here. While working as a researcher in distributed systems, Dr. Christian Mayer found his love for teaching computer science students. To help students reach higher levels of Python success, he founded the programming education website Finxter.com that has taught exponential skills to millions of coders worldwide. He's the author of the best-selling programming books Python One-Liners (NoStarch 2020), The Art of Clean Code (NoStarch 2022), and The Book of Dash (NoStarch 2022). Chris also coauthored the Coffee Break Python series of self-published books. He's a computer science enthusiast, freelancer, and owner of one of the top 10 largest Python blogs worldwide. His passions are writing, reading, and coding. But his greatest passion is to serve aspiring coders through Finxter and help them to boost their skills. You can join his free email academy here.
Inventive vs. Creative: What's the Difference? By Harlon Moss \|\| Updated on May 24, 2024 Inventive involves creating something new or original, often with a practical application. Creative focuses on imaginative and artistic expression without necessarily producing something new or practical. Key Differences Inventive describes the ability to create new and original ideas or products, often with a practical application in mind. An inventive person might develop a new technology or device that solves a specific problem. Creative, on the other hand, refers to the use of imagination and original ideas, often for artistic expression. A creative individual might produce art, music, or literature, emphasizing aesthetics and originality. Inventive thinking is often associated with innovation and the development of new solutions to existing problems. It involves a combination of technical skills and originality to create something that has never existed before. Creative thinking, while also involving originality, is more about expressing unique perspectives and emotions through various art forms. In a business context, inventive people are valuable for their ability to devise new products or processes that can give a company a competitive edge. Creative individuals contribute by enhancing the company's branding, marketing, and overall aesthetic appeal, making the company's image more engaging and relatable. In the realm of problem-solving, inventive individuals focus on practical solutions that can be implemented to overcome challenges. Creative problem solvers approach challenges with an open mind, exploring various perspectives and ideas to find innovative ways to address issues, often thinking outside the conventional framework. The term inventive is closely linked with patents and intellectual property, as it often involves creating something entirely new that can be legally protected. Creative works, such as paintings, music, and literature, are protected by copyright laws, reflecting the importance of originality and artistic expression in creative endeavors. Comparison Chart Creating something new or original with practical use Using imagination and original ideas, often for artistic expression Practical applications and innovation Artistic expression and aesthetics Business Context Development of new products or processes Enhancing branding and marketing Practical, implementable solutions Open-minded, innovative approaches Legal Protection Patents and intellectual property Copyright laws Inventive and Creative Definitions Involving novel ideas or methods. The company's inventive approach to marketing set it apart from competitors. Using imagination or original ideas to create something. Her creative writing captured the imagination of readers worldwide. Relating to or characterized by invention. His inventive mind led to numerous technological advancements. Tending to create things or think of new ideas. His creative solutions to everyday problems were innovative. Creating something new and original. Her inventive design for the solar-powered car won first prize. Characterized by originality and expressiveness. The creative design of the building made it a landmark. Producing new ideas or things as a result of ingenuity. The team's inventive project received widespread acclaim. Relating to or involving the use of the imagination. The artist's creative process is both spontaneous and methodical. Showing skill in devising new ideas or things. The inventor's inventive solutions revolutionized the industry. Having the ability or power to create Human beings are creative animals. Of, relating to, or characterized by invention. Productive; creating. Adept or skillful at inventing; creative. Characterized by originality and expressiveness; imaginative Creative writing. Of, or relating to invention; pertaining to the act of devising new mechanisms or processes. An inventive pursuit One who displays productive originality The creatives in the advertising department. Possessed of a particular capacity for the design of new mechanisms or processes, creative or skilful at inventing. An inventive fellow Tending to create things, or having the ability to create; often, excellently, in a novel fashion, or any or all of these. A creative dramatist who avoids cliche Purposefully fictive An inventive story (of a created thing) Original, expressive and imaginative. A creative new solution to an old problem Able and apt to invent; quick at contrivance; ready at expedients; as, an inventive head or genius. (set theory) A type of set of natural numbers, related to mathematical logic. A creative set (used of persons or artifacts) marked by independence and creativity in thought or action; An imaginative use of material The invention of the knitting frame by another ingenious English clergyman An ingenious device Had an inventive turn of mind Inventive ceramics Designed or executed to deceive or mislead. Creative accounting (countable) A person directly involved in a creative marketing process. He is a visionary creative. (uncountable) Artistic material used in advertising, e.g. photographs, drawings, or video. The design team has completed the creative for next month's multi-part ad campaign. I've included in my portfolio all the creative I've completed in my five year design career. Having the power to create; exerting the act of creation. The creative force exists in the germ. Having the ability or power to create; A creative imagination Promoting construction or creation; Creative work Having the power to bring into being Producing or using original and unusual ideas. The creative team's advertising campaign was highly successful. What does inventive mean? Inventive means creating new and original ideas or products, often with practical applications. Is creative thinking always artistic? Creative thinking often involves artistic expression, but it can also apply to any area where originality is valued. What is the focus of inventive thinking? The focus of inventive thinking is on practical applications and innovation. Is inventive thinking always practical? Yes, inventive thinking usually involves creating practical solutions or products. How does inventive thinking benefit businesses? Inventive thinking benefits businesses by developing new products or processes that provide a competitive edge. How does creative thinking benefit businesses? Creative thinking benefits businesses by enhancing branding, marketing, and overall aesthetic appeal. Can inventive solutions be artistic? Inventive solutions can be artistic if they combine practical innovation with aesthetic design. Can someone be both inventive and creative? Yes, a person can be both inventive and creative, combining practical innovation with artistic expression. What is the focus of creative thinking? The focus of creative thinking is on artistic expression and aesthetics. What does creative mean? Creative refers to using imagination and original ideas, typically for artistic expression. Do inventive ideas always result in new products? Inventive ideas often result in new products or processes, but not always. Do creative ideas always result in art? Creative ideas often result in art, but they can also lead to innovative solutions in various fields. Are patents related to inventive or creative work? Patents are related to inventive work, protecting new and original inventions. Are copyrights related to inventive or creative work? Copyrights are related to creative work, protecting original artistic expressions. What industries value inventive thinking? Industries such as technology, engineering, and manufacturing highly value inventive thinking. Can creative ideas be practical? Creative ideas can be practical if they lead to innovative and functional solutions. What industries value creative thinking? Industries such as art, design, advertising, and entertainment highly value creative thinking. How do creative thinkers approach problem-solving? Creative thinkers approach problem-solving with open-minded, innovative approaches. Is being inventive more valuable than being creative? Neither is inherently more valuable; both inventive and creative thinking are important in different contexts and can complement each other. How do inventive thinkers approach problem-solving? Inventive thinkers approach problem-solving with practical, implementable solutions. About Author Written by Harlon MossHarlon is a seasoned quality moderator and accomplished content writer for Difference Wiki. An alumnus of the prestigious University of California, he earned his degree in Computer Science. Leveraging his academic background, Harlon brings a meticulous and informed perspective to his work, ensuring content accuracy and excellence.
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As with any job application, there are specific characteristics that recruiters look for—even in recent graduates. Since your professional experience is. List only highly relevant individual subjects and results (from university or high school) for the position you are applying for. EMPLOYMENT HISTORY. • List. View these tips for composing the descriptions of your jobs, volunteer work, projects, and other relevant experiences in your résumé. Announcement number, title, series and grade of job for which you are applying. Federal Resume Sample First Aid/CPR Certification - American Red Cross, May. Resume Format Trends: Optimize Your Job Application in Choosing the right resume format can feel confusing. Your resume is your first chance to impress a. A résumé is a summary of your academic background, paid and unpaid work experience, achievements, and co-curricular experiences. State clearly whether you are looking for an internship, part-time or full-time job. 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Action Verbs: Read the list of action verbs below, checking those skills you have demonstrated through internships, part-time or summer jobs, coursework. Whether you're looking for an internship or a part-time job, make your application stand out with college student resume templates you can customize and. "Preparing Your Resume," also available through the Bellevue University Career Services and the job you're applying. For additional Bookkeeper, First. Therefore, a resume is best suited for non-academic and most non- research-oriented jobs. Note that international jobs use the terms "resume" and "CV". Instructions and Template for Freshman Resume. Document size: 1 page. Font size: name should be points, the rest of the text: points. This simple and formal resume template would work well for beginners looking for their first job with good space to write and plenty of tips to guide you ahead. Briefly summarise any work you have done, your strengths and relevant expertise and state how you aim to apply this to your career goal. Adjust the statement to. resume will serve as the first step in advancing your career. resume to apply for several Federal jobs godtradingstrategies.site Highlights of Qualifications. •. Friendly, enthusiastic and upbeat high school graduate seeking a position as a Summer Camp Counsellor. Below are some career objective examples for freshers to help guide you in writing your resume. I am seeking a challenging position in an organization where I. Freshman Sample Resume women to use golf to advance their careers. Association First Team, Eastern College Athletic Conference. On your first job hunt and don't know where to start? Check out our guide to an awesome no-experience resume, filled with real-life examples and samples. Other career writing. Whether you are requesting an informational interview with an MIT alum, sending a thank you email after an email, declining a job offer. For your first resume, you should aim to keep your resume between pages (1 is preferable). Extremely long resumes are often filled with fluff and aren't. godtradingstrategies.site is the official website for federal jobs and the portal used to apply for most federal jobs. If you do not already have a resume, it is recommended. Career Development for Student Athletes. Athletics is a significant part of your Smith experience. The skills you developed to become. Follow our advice, "Resume Formatting: How to Use Tabs & Styles 2" to give your resume a professional look. Sample Resumes PDF Sample Resumes Word. Jump to. Write an Incredible Resume: 5 Golden Rules!
Suicidal Thought and Expression through Art: A Case Report Authors : Dr. Sivasankari Varadharasu Volume/Issue : Volume 8 - 2023, Issue 7 - July Google Scholar : https://bit.ly/3TmGbDi Scribd : https://tinyurl.com/5n97twz6 DOI : https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8198724 Abstract : Suicide is a serious psychological problem that is made worse by psychiatric diseases, personal loss, and other stressful life events. Suicidal thoughts and ideas were conveyed in a variety of ways by clients who attempted suicide, but noncommunicable ones should be closely monitored without misunderstanding or misinterpretation to prevent precious human loss. This case study was centered on a 17-year-old married girl who had suicidal thoughts and a history of three suicide attempts. Suicidal ideation and thoughts were evaluated by observation and semi-structured interview methods with open-ended questionnaires that included personal, professional, familial, and socioeconomic variables. Surprisingly, the client drew pictures using pencils to describe her suicidal thoughts and the triggers that led to them. It is quite simple for the medical professional to comprehend the etiological variables that significantly contribute to the patient's thoughts of suicide and ideas. Additionally, art will play a crucial part as a motivator to subconsciously communicate their demands and expectations from the family and society, which can inhibit the severity of symptoms by deflecting the mind and meeting their needs. Additionally, it inadvertently encourages the medical professional, the patient's family, and other people to learn about persistent suicidal thoughts and ideas of clients, suicide warning signals, and methods for controlling and preventing suicidal thoughts. Keywords : Suicidal thoughts and Ideas, Art, Painting, Drawing, Reducing Symptoms.
Registration Dossier Registration Dossier Data platform availability banner - registered substances factsheets Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023. The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here. Diss Factsheets Use of this information is subject to copyright laws and may require the permission of the owner of the information, as described in the ECHA Legal Notice. EC number: 205-055-6 \| CAS number: 132-27-4 - Life Cycle description - Uses advised against - Endpoint summary - Appearance / physical state / colour - Melting point / freezing point - Boiling point - Density - Particle size distribution (Granulometry) - Vapour pressure - Partition coefficient - Water solubility - Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility - Surface tension - Flash point - Auto flammability - Flammability - Explosiveness - Oxidising properties - Oxidation reduction potential - Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products - Storage stability and reactivity towards container material - Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals - pH - Dissociation constant - Viscosity - Additional physico-chemical information - Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials - Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation - Nanomaterial crystalline phase - Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size - Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape - Nanomaterial specific surface area - Nanomaterial Zeta potential - Nanomaterial surface chemistry - Nanomaterial dustiness - Nanomaterial porosity - Nanomaterial pour density - Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity - Nanomaterial radical formation potential - Nanomaterial catalytic activity - Endpoint summary - Stability - Biodegradation - Bioaccumulation - Transport and distribution - Environmental data - Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour - Ecotoxicological Summary - Aquatic toxicity - Endpoint summary - Short-term toxicity to fish - Long-term toxicity to fish - Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates - Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates - Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria - Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae - Toxicity to microorganisms - Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo - Toxicity to other aquatic organisms - Sediment toxicity - Terrestrial toxicity - Biological effects monitoring - Biotransformation and kinetics - Additional ecotoxological information - Toxicological Summary - Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution - Acute Toxicity - Irritation / corrosion - Sensitisation - Repeated dose toxicity - Genetic toxicity - Carcinogenicity - Toxicity to reproduction - Specific investigations - Exposure related observations in humans - Toxic effects on livestock and pets - Additional toxicological data Ecotoxicological Summary Administrative data Hazard for aquatic organisms - Hazard assessment conclusion: - PNEC aqua (freshwater) - PNEC value: - 0.001 mg/L - Assessment factor: - 10 - PNEC freshwater (intermittent releases): - 0.026 mg/L Marine water - Hazard assessment conclusion: - PNEC aqua (marine water) - PNEC value: - 0 mg/L - Assessment factor: - 100 - PNEC marine water (intermittent releases): - 0.003 mg/L - Hazard assessment conclusion: - PNEC value: - 3.1 mg/L - Assessment factor: - 10 Sediment (freshwater) - Hazard assessment conclusion: - PNEC sediment (freshwater) - PNEC value: - 0.128 mg/kg sediment dw - Assessment factor: - 100 Sediment (marine water) - Hazard assessment conclusion: - PNEC sediment (marine water) - PNEC value: - 0.013 mg/kg sediment dw - Assessment factor: - 1 000 Hazard for air - Hazard assessment conclusion: - no hazard identified Hazard for terrestrial organisms - Hazard assessment conclusion: - PNEC soil - PNEC value: - 0.054 mg/kg soil dw - Assessment factor: - 1 000 Hazard for predators Secondary poisoning - Hazard assessment conclusion: - no potential for bioaccumulation Additional information Conclusion on classification According to Article 13 of Regulation (EC) No. 1907/2006 "General Requirements for Generation of Information on Intrinsic Properties of substances", information on intrinsic properties of substances may be generated by means other than tests e.g. from information from structurally related substances (grouping or read-across), provided that conditions set out in Annex XI are met. Annex XI, "General rules for adaptation of this standard testing regime set out in Annexes VII to X" states that "substances whose physicochemical, toxicological and ecotoxicological properties are likely to be similar or follow a regular pattern as a result of structural similarity may be considered as a group, or 'category' of substances. This avoids the need to test every substance for every endpoint". Classification related key information Readily biodegradable: 70.8 – 75.7% in 28 days (OECD 301B); read across Acute aquatic toxicity freshwater: - Fish: LC50 (96 h): 2.6 mg a.i./L (measured, arithm. mean) - Aquatic invertebrates: LC50 (48 h): 2.7 mg a.i./L (nominal); read across - Algae: ErC50 (72 h): 3.57 mg a.i./L (measured, arithm. mean); read across Chronic aquatic toxicity: - Fish: NOEC (21 d): 0.036 mg a.i./L (measured, arithm. mean); read across - Aquatic invertebrates: NOEC (21 d): 0.006 mg a.i./L (measured, geom. mean); read across - Aquatic algae: NOErC (72 h): 0.468 mg a.i./L (measured, arithm. mean); read across Conclusion on classification Sodium 2-biphenylate (CAS 132-27-4) is readily biodegradable. The acute aquatic toxicity L(E)C50 values are > 1 mg a.i./L for fish, aquatic invertebrates and algae. The chronic effect concentration is < 1 mg/L (NOEC (21 d): 0.006 mg a.i./L). Based on the available dataset the substance is classified as Aquatic Chronic 1 according to the consolidated version of Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008 (CLP) considering all further amendments. The substance Sodium 2-biphenylate (CAS 132-27-4) is listed on Annex VI (Index No.604-021-00-1)to CLP (in force from 1 March 2018). The harmonised classification and labelling is Acute Cat. 1 according to Annex VI to CLP. Therefore the self-classification is Acute Cat. 1 and Chronic Cat. 1 according to the consolidated version of Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008 (CLP) considering all further amendments and Annex VI to CLP. M-factor for chronic aquatic toxicity: 1 Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice. Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.
How long does botox last? How long will Botox treatment last before it wears off? Under the brand name Botox, is used for the treatment of cosmetic facial wrinkles, the FDA has currently approved four different types. Jeuveau, Xeomin, Dysport, and Botox are among them. They all work by blocking the nerve's ability to send a signal to the targeted muscle that causes it to contract. What is Botox? Botox was first authorized by the FDA in 1989 to treat blepharospasm and other conditions involving the eye muscles. In 2002, the FDA approved the cosmetic use of Botox for the treatment of mild to severe frown lines between the brows. The FDA approved its use in 2013 to treat crow's feet, or wrinkles around the eyes. How does Botox work? It is possible to reduce the action or pull on the skin and the appearance of wrinkles by stopping the contraction of these muscles. The way they all work is by blocking the nerve from providing the targeted muscle the signal that would otherwise cause it to contract. It is possible to lessen the action or pull on the skin and the visibility of wrinkles by preventing the contraction of these muscles. For example, if you use Botox to reduce the appearance of deep wrinkles, the results will most likely not last as long and will fade more quickly. The result of Jeuveau, Xeomin, Dysport, and Botox is the same, but the start, duration, and discomfort are slightly different. The best time to use any products is determined by several factors. It is sometimes the surgeon's or injector's decision. In other cases, a patient may have tried several products and discovered that one is better suited to their needs than another. In either case, when used correctly, all these products are safe and efficient. The amount of Botox injected and the location of the injection when having Botox may determine how long it lasts. The efficacy can also be impacted by other factors, such as: - Age - Skin elasticity - Wrinkle depth For example, if you use Botox to hide deep wrinkles, the results will most likely not last as long and will fade more quickly. What to expect throughout your procedure You might be given a numbing cream or cold packs to help you feel better if you're uncomfortable. The injections will be administered as soon as you're prepared and will specifically target the desired muscles in several different places. You might have a few tiny bumps on your skin where the injections were given, but these will disappear by the time you leave the clinic. How Long Does Botox Last? After the neurotoxin's effects have worn off, the nerves will once again be able to send signals to the muscles to start working or contracting. Usually lasting 3 to 4 months, Botox. Certain patients will undoubtedly experience it for longer, ranging from 4-6 months, or for shorter, ranging from 2 months. note that while it might not last as long at first, it might during the second treatment. Because everyone has a unique experience, results could vary. Does duration change if used repeatedly? If Botox is used frequently, its effects might last longer each time if it is used frequently. Because Botox paralyzes the muscles, you cannot use them. If muscles are not used, they shorten and shrink. This suggests that as time goes on, you might need fewer Botox treatments to get the same effect. How often can you have Botox? Ask your doctor how often you can receive Botox injections without running the risk of harm. To prevent Botox resistance from developing, injections shouldn't be repeated more frequently than every three months. You might be able to go up to six months between sessions if you regularly receive Botox injections. Botox injections into specific areas of your face will relax those your muscles and maintain the smoothness of your skin. The most typical conditions for which Botox is used are forehead wrinkles and frown lines. Botox cannot remove wrinkles caused by the sun. How Long Does Botox Last After First Use vs. Continuous Use? It might take longer for new users to see their results, because the toxins need time to stop nerve signals from reaching the muscle mass. It's not unusual for you to not experience the desired outcome immediately after your initial treatment. In one to two weeks, many first-time patients return to the clinic where they received treatment for a follow-up appointment. The doctor can then determine whether additional treatment is required. Here's a good reason to be excited about the longevity of Botox. The best outcomes should last anywhere from three to four months to the full six months if you consistently use Botox. How Can You Extend Botox's Effects? Here are some pointers for determining how long Botox effects last: - A skilled Botox injector is something to look for. - Don't rub your face for the first 24-48 hours following therapy. Stay away from strenuous activity and hot weather for the first 24 hours after therapy. - Keep sun exposure to a minimum. - Wear hats and/or sunglasses outside. - On your skin, apply sunscreen. - Establish a good skincare regimen. - Keep up a balanced diet. - Reduce your level of anxiousness. - Give up smoking. Nerves will once again be able to communicate with muscles to cause them to contract or function as the neurotoxin's effects wear off over time. Botox typically lasts 3 to 4 months. Botox usually lasts three to six months after treatment. Frequent injections can affect how long Botox lasts. In general, you will need fewer Botox treatments over time to get the same effect. At VIDA we can go over more information about the anti-aging treatment that is Botox. Our clinic happily serves our customers in both Mexico and the United States. Come visit us and find out more and see how we can help you reach your goals.
The global transportation sector is undergoing a significant transformation, primarily driven by the urgent need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and combat climate change. One technology playing a central role in this shift is Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs), also known as all-electric vehicles or simply electric cars. Unlike traditional internal combustion engine vehicles that run on gasoline or diesel, BEVs are powered entirely by electricity. This article will explore the nature of battery-electric vehicles, their pros and cons, and how they're reshaping the future of transportation. Battery electric vehicles (BEVs) are a type of electric vehicle (EV) that uses chemical energy stored in rechargeable battery packs to power the electric motor, which propels the vehicle. These vehicles do not have a conventional internal combustion engine and rely solely on electricity as their source of power. BEVs are recharged by plugging them into an external electric power source. This process replenishes the battery pack, which can then be used to power the vehicle. The distance a BEV can travel on a single charge – known as its range – can vary significantly depending on factors such as the battery pack's size, the electric motor's efficiency, and driving conditions. Battery electric vehicles produce zero tailpipe emissions. This is a crucial advantage in the fight against air pollution and climate change, as conventional vehicles are a significant source of greenhouse gas emissions. Electricity is generally cheaper than gasoline or diesel per mile, making BEVs more affordable than conventional vehicles. Additionally, BEVs have fewer moving parts than internal combustion engine vehicles, which can result in lower maintenance costs. BEVs are significantly more efficient than conventional vehicles. While internal combustion engines convert only a tiny fraction of the energy in gasoline to power, electric motors convert a much larger percentage of the electrical energy from the battery to control for the vehicle. BEVs operate very quietly compared to vehicles with internal combustion engines. This reduced noise pollution can be a significant advantage in urban areas. Electric motors provide instant torque, meaning they can deliver full power immediately. This can make BEVs more responsive and potentially faster off the line than conventional vehicles. Although the range of BEVs is improving, most models still cannot travel as far on a single charge as conventional vehicles can on a full tank of gas. Furthermore, recharging a battery takes longer than refilling a fuel tank, which can be inconvenient on long trips. Battery electric vehicles are more expensive to purchase than conventional vehicles. This is primarily due to the high cost of batteries. However, these costs are coming down and are offset by lower operating costs over time. While the availability of charging stations is improving, the charging infrastructure in many areas still lags behind the network of gasoline stations, which can make owning a BEV less convenient, particularly for long-distance travel. Over time, the batteries in BEVs can degrade, resulting in a reduced range. Extreme temperatures can also impact battery performance. While BEVs produce no tailpipe emissions, the production of their batteries can have a significant environmental impact. This includes the extraction of rare metals and the energy-intensive manufacturing process. Despite their drawbacks, battery electric vehicles are poised to play a central role in the future of transportation. Advances in technology are continually improving the range of BEVs and reducing their charging time, while the costs of batteries are falling. Moreover, the shift towards renewable energy is making electricity a greener option, reducing the carbon footprint of BEVs even further. Governments worldwide are implementing policies to encourage the adoption of BEVs, including subsidies for buyers and investments in charging infrastructure. Battery electric vehicles are a crucial technology in transitioning towards a more sustainable and greener future. While they have their challenges, their benefits - including zero tailpipe emissions, lower operating costs, and excellent efficiency - make them an increasingly viable option for many drivers. As the technology continues to advance and the charging infrastructure expands, the adoption of BEVs will likely accelerate, reducing our reliance on fossil fuels and helping to mitigate the environmental impact of transportation. Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs) require less maintenance than traditional internal combustion engines because they have fewer moving parts. There's no engine oil to change, no spark plugs or timing belts to replace, and no transmission fluid to top off. The primary drivetrain component is the electric motor, which is incredibly durable and requires minimal maintenance. A BEV's most significant maintenance component is the battery, which generally requires little to no regular maintenance and can last for many years. The term "EV" stands for "electric vehicle," encompassing all vehicles powered partially or entirely by electricity. This broad category includes BEVs (Battery Electric Vehicles), PHEVs (Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles), and HEVs (Hybrid Electric Vehicles). BEVs are a subset of EVs that are powered entirely by electricity. They do not have a gasoline engine, fuel tank, or exhaust pipe. Instead, they have an electric motor, a large battery and are charged from an external source. As of my knowledge cutoff in September 2021, Ford's Battery Electric Vehicle strategy is based on the following pillars: Product Expansion: Ford is expanding its portfolio of electric vehicles, aiming to offer more choices to customers. The company has already released the Mustang Mach-E and the all-electric Ford F-150 Lightning pickup truck. Infrastructure Development: Ford is committed to expanding charging infrastructure through partnerships (like the FordPass Charging Network) and home charging solutions. Investment in Technology: Ford is investing heavily in EV technology, including battery development and manufacturing capabilities, to improve the performance, range, and affordability of its electric vehicles. Ford's specific strategic pillars may have evolved or changed post-September 2021. For the most accurate and up-to-date information, it would be best to check Ford's official communications or contact them directly. Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs) have two main advantages over BEVs: Flexibility and Range: PHEVs can run on gasoline and electricity, providing greater flexibility. When the battery is depleted, the vehicle can continue running on gasoline, eliminating "range anxiety" – the fear of running out of power with no charging station nearby. Convenience: PHEVs can be refuelled quickly at any gas station, which can be more convenient than finding a charging station and waiting for a BEV to charge, particularly on long trips or in areas with limited charging infrastructure. 1.2 Dualjet 83 12V Hybrid SZ-T 5dr Auto £209.63 Per Month (inc VAT) £1,886.67Initial Rental £174.69 Per Month (excl VAT) £1,572.21 + VATInitial Rental 40 TFSI e S Line 5dr S Tronic £344.45 Per Month (inc VAT) £3,100.05Initial Rental £287.04 Per Month (excl VAT) £2,583.36 + VATInitial Rental 2.5 PHEV Exclusive Line 5dr Auto [Comfort Pack] £496.91 Per Month (inc VAT) £4,472.19Initial Rental £450.65 Per Month (excl VAT) £4,055.85 + VATInitial Rental Long Range AWD 5dr Auto £543.68 Per Month (inc VAT) £4,893.12Initial Rental £453.06 Per Month (excl VAT) £4,077.54 + VATInitial Rental Performance AWD 5dr Auto £649.75 Per Month (inc VAT) £5,847.75Initial Rental £541.46 Per Month (excl VAT) £4,873.14 + VATInitial Rental 300kW 4 100kWh 5dr Auto £899.46 Per Month (inc VAT) £8,095.14Initial Rental £749.55 Per Month (excl VAT) £6,745.95 + VATInitial Rental 210kW 85x Sportline Plus 82kWh 4x4 5dr Auto £560.59 Per Month (inc VAT) £5,045.31Initial Rental £467.16 Per Month (excl VAT) £4,204.44 + VATInitial Rental 1.6T GDi ISG GT-Line 5dr £333.05 Per Month (inc VAT) £2,997.45Initial Rental £277.54 Per Month (excl VAT) £2,497.86 + VATInitial Rental 1.0T GDi Exclusive 5dr DCT £297.03 Per Month (inc VAT) £2,673.26Initial Rental £247.52 Per Month (excl VAT) £2,227.72 + VATInitial Rental 1.5 TSI R-Line 5dr DSG £444.50 Per Month (inc VAT) £4,000.50Initial Rental £370.42 Per Month (excl VAT) £3,333.78 + VATInitial Rental Performance AWD 4dr Auto £880.75 Per Month (inc VAT) £7,926.77Initial Rental £733.96 Per Month (excl VAT) £6,605.64 + VATInitial Rental 2.0 TSI GTI 5dr DSG £414.84 Per Month (inc VAT) £3,733.56Initial Rental £345.70 Per Month (excl VAT) £3,111.30 + VATInitial Rental
Teaching studying to young children is usually one of essentially the most worthwhile routines for every educator. For a educator you will possess a crucial role in producing the cleverness and skills of your respective boy or girl. Also, like a trainer you will see that looking through to children is exhilarating, challenging and rewarding. While training a little youngster to start browsing is usually a period of extreme fun, the difficulty arrives every time a dad or mom would like their child to begin browsing aloud. This obstacle is very important for mothers and fathers of newborns, kids, or those that have cognitive impairment, since understanding will become much more hard as being a kid gets older. Children who are prepared to begin looking at might actually have found an interest in looking through considering that beginning. Even between these kids, looking at may require some effort over the teacher's portion. By way of example, browsing aloud in public involves the two listening to and eyesight, that can make it tough to the youngster to comprehend just what is simply being study. Thus, looking through publications with images will help you to create the browsing approach much easier for your own little readers. Children frequently begin to reveal an interest in reading once they can comprehend the idea of what is getting study. Most kids who are curious about reading through accomplish that simply because they see or discover their parents read through. When these young people find a description of aplot and e-book, or insurance quote from it, they tend to be curious about it. This fascination may possibly cause them to seek to recreate the landscape or to take a seat by using a papers and pencil and continue to simulate the design in the looking through substance. They will likely be enthusiastic about focusing on how to learn it and such a understanding is important to learning the basic principles of browsing. Professors can determine reading through quickness by means of different procedures if your child is interested in the reading material. An exam put together by the National Educational Association (NEA) named Reading Assessments for mothers and fathers-Revised Readability Scale-IV, or RV-IV, is actually one these strategy. The scale measures up reading through understanding and pace on aversives versus a conventional reference point file. In the event the student provides a credit score the same or in excess of the amount of comprehension they are being tried on, they offer revealed enough browsing pace. Another common procedure for evaluating reading through understanding and pace is to apply the Montessori producing program. The producing method is founded on the presumption that kids get interpretation from words and also that browsing is element of the procedure of understanding how to get which means from phrases. Because of this, the Montessori method assumes that understanding will strengthen as a undergraduate gets to be more skilled at crafting. Therefore, the crafting analyze is not really simply a test of looking at but will also an exam of crafting. From the class room, school teachers can use a variety of testing to examine studying abilities. An exam referred to as Continuous Reading Test (CET) is frequently administered to evaluate reading through capabilities. The CET contains two 30-moment lessons. During the initially session, an educator openly asks questions regarding looking through comprehension, termid and sequence, and reading fluency. Once they ended up getting yourself ready for an evaluation. In school room screening, numerous specialists believe that an evaluation is not merely a way of measuring comprehension, but also the best way to determine how well learners are studying and stocking details, on the subsequent session, a student is provided written text elements that happen to be associated with usual studying and is asked to examine them in the same manner since they would. To put it differently, the test offers an opportunity for instructors to exhibit what they consider browsing is focused on and exactly how it increases understanding. Teachers can determine how well pupils are growing when it comes to assembly distinct developmental desired goals, by assessment studying browsing and velocity understanding at several periods and then for diverse matters. This gives school teachers to know whether their teaching techniques work well or need to be changed. Teachers who wants to measure studying talent working with equally solutions want to use types of exams. Given that they may use reading checks like the CET, they have to also integrate game titles as well as other styles of screening to figure out how good pupils can derive this means through the text. If they appreciate how children discover and exactly how various intellectual operations have an effect on reading through, they can acquire powerful means of educating potential future learners making sure that reading through comprehension consistently develop eventually. If you want to find more information about https://Cosbymediaproductions.com/ have a look at our own web site. Go on your quest for additional connected posts:
We all think in words. Thus if people do not understand the shades of meaning between two (or among three or more) different words, those people do not understand the concepts. For example, I heard that there are more dialects in languages around the world that do not draw a distinction between the word "enemy" and the word "stranger." As a result, if I were to stumble out of the wilderness into your remote village, and you didn't understand this distinction, I would automatically be your enemy. Imagine how much needless violence, or at least lost opportunities, have occurred just from this situation alone! Similarly, when we are driving our cars in the countryside and see the sign "Slow Traffic Keep Right," what often goes through our minds? "Oh, I'm not slow traffic, so I'll stay in the fast lane." But if, instead, the sign were to say: "Left Lane Only For Passing," our thoughts would more likely be: "Oh, I'm not passing, so I'll move back to the right lane." Same intent, but different result. Other common but neglected differences in words that I find to be interesting and even fun are: - May vs. Can: permission as opposed to ability. - Imply vs. Infer: Speakers imply and listeners infer. So many problems occur when the implications are different than the inferences. - Solution vs. Resolution: Most human problems have no solutions. If you want a solution, become a mathematician. Human problems almost always are limited to resolutions, but they allow people to put those problems behind them and move on with their lives. (I use this illustration often in my mediations.) - You're welcome vs. No problem: The former implies that the doer was happy to help; the latter implies that if it had been a problem, the doer wouldn't have done the good deed. - Need vs. Want: We want to be alive, but don't need to be. But we do need oxygen to be alive. (Or, in a political context, a "need" is just a "want" that you should give me.) - Love vs. Like: We can Like many things, but Love is special, and should be thought of in that fashion. - Education vs. Indoctrination: Upon reflection, that difference should be apparent. - Risk vs. Gamble: Almost all things we do have some risks to them, but they can be controlled – think going for a swim. Gambles cannot be controlled – think roulette. - Rule of Law vs. Rule of Man: The former strives to provide Equal Justice for All; the latter is often used to rewards one's friends and punishes one's enemies. There are many more, and I think they're both fun and important. I hope you agree. Judge Jim Gray (Ret.) 2012 Libertarian candidate for Vice President, along with Governor Gary Johnson as the candidate for President
RP2-associated retinal condition (RP2-RD) can be an X-linked handed down retinal disease which has a child years starting point the effect of a loss-of-function variant within the RP2 gene. Right here, we explain the 14-year-old boy together with dual conclusions of 2p15p16.One microdeletion affliction along with RP2-RD. The particular recurrence likelihood of each and every issue and the indication pertaining to prospective electronic immunization registers beneficial options for RP2-RD tend to be talked about.Mental health problems are normal attending school students Bioactive Compound Library purchase even in the actual late point of the coronavirus illness 2019 (COVID-19) break out. Network examination is really a fresh way of discover interactions involving mental ailments in the indicator amount. The goal of these studies ended up being elucidate features associated with depressive as well as stress and anxiety signs or symptoms network attending college students inside the late period in the COVID-19 episode. When using 3062 university students had been included. Your seven-item Many times Panic attacks Level (GAD-7) along with nine-item Individual Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) were chosen to measure anxiousness along with depressive signs and symptoms, correspondingly. Key signs or symptoms and link signs and symptoms have been discovered determined by centrality as well as connection centrality indices, correspondingly. System balance ended up being reviewed using the case-dropping method. The strongest immediate relation Antibiotic-treated mice had been in between stress and anxiety signs and symptoms "Nervousness" and "Uncontrollable worry". "Fatigue" contains the highest node energy in the anxiety and depression community, then "Excessive worry", "Trouble relaxing", and "Uncontrollable worry". "Motor" revealed the very best bridge strength, accompanied by "Feeling afraid" as well as "Restlessness". The whole circle had been powerful both in stability along with accuracy exams. Core signs or symptoms "Fatigue", "Excessive worry", "Trouble relaxing" and also "Uncontrollable worry", and important bridge signs "Motor", "Feeling afraid" as well as "Restlessness" had been featured with this research. Focusing on interventions to these signs could be imperative that you properly reduce the overall amount of nervousness and also depressive signs while attending college college students.NRF2 may be the grasp transcriptional activator regarding cytoprotective family genes and Kelch-like ECH-associated protein One particular (Keap1), a new biosensor for electrophiles along with corrosion, promotes NRF2 degradation inside unstressed situations. SQSTM1/p62, a great oncogenic protein aberrantly accumulated within hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), holds and sequestrates Keap1, ultimately causing preventing NRF2 destruction. Right here, many of us demonstrate that p15INK4b-related sequence/regulation of fischer pre-mRNA domain-containing necessary protein 1c (RPRD1A) is highly expressed inside HCC malignancies along with related together with aggressive clinicopathological capabilities. RPRD1A well reacts using TRIM21, an E3 ubiquitin ligase associated with p62, allowing the decrease in p62 ubiquitination and also the improved sequestration pertaining to Keap1. Consequently, RPRD1A enhances the atomic translocation regarding NRF2, which usually triggers gene term pertaining to counteracting oxidative stress, preserving cancer malignancy cellular material survival, and also selling HCC growth. Moreover, distressing the redox homeostasis of cancer malignancy cells through hereditary knockdown of RPRD1A sensitizes cancers cellular material in order to platinum-induced cell dying. Month: November 2023 Usually, symmetry-adapted perturbation theory-based vitality breaking down analysis (SAPT-EDA) proven the actual predominance of all scouted homodimers from the distribution allows. Your obtained benefits would be good for the particular omnipresent reports strongly related the actual uses of halogen securities from the job areas regarding materials science along with crystal design.Numerous myeloma is a hematologic malignancy associated with plasma tv's tissues that creates bone-destructive lesions and linked skeletal-related activities (SREs). The pathogenesis regarding myeloma-related bone ailment (MBD) could be the imbalance of the bone-remodeling course of action, which ends up from osteoclast service, osteoblast suppression, and also the immunosuppressed navicular bone marrow microenvironment. Numerous essential read more signaling cascades, such as the RANKL/RANK/OPG axis, Notch signaling, the Wnt/β-Catenin signaling paths, as well as signaling elements, including DKK-1, sclerostin, osteopontin, activin The, chemokines, along with interleukins are participating as well as participate in crucial jobs in MBD. At the moment, bisphosphonate along with denosumab will be the gold standard with regard to MBD reduction and also remedy. Since the molecular systems associated with MBD grow to be more and more properly understood, fresh brokers are now being completely explored in the preclinical along with clinical adjustments. Herein, we are going to present an updated introduction to the particular pathogenesis regarding MBD, sum it up the medical supervision along with guidelines, and also go over book bone-modifying solutions for additional control over MBD.An infection mediated ocular surface tension reactions are generally activated while first body's defence mechanism in response to web host mobile or portable harm. Included tension answers initiate the particular sponsor reaction to various kinds of microbe infections and also regulate your transcription regarding important body's genes and language translation associated with healthy proteins. Your crosstalk involving sponsor along with pathogen results in serious modifications to cellular and molecular homeostasis triggering specific tension responses from the infected flesh. Your plethora and also variations of which responses are partially responsible for the sickness seriousness as well as specialized medical sequelae. Understanding the etiology and pathogenesis associated with ocular attacks is vital with regard to early analysis and efficient therapy. This particular evaluation looks at the actual molecular reputation of disease plastic biodegradation mediated ocular surface stress reactions which may reveal the significance of the sponsor stress-signaling paths. Within this assessment, we collated books for the molecular scientific studies of most ocular surface area microbe infections as well as summarize the outcomes through caveolae mediated transcytosis this sort of scientific studies methodically. Identification involving important mediators involved in the crosstalk between your stress reaction and also activation associated with various signaling compounds throughout web host ocular surface area an infection might offer fresh molecular targets regarding keeping the cellular homeostasis throughout contamination. These targets can be next looked into as well as validated regarding diagnostic and therapeutic functions.Troublesome neuronal migration during early on human brain advancement leads to extreme mental faculties malformation. Seen as a mislocalization associated with cortical neurons, this issue is because of the losing of aim of migration regulating family genes. Your protein-protein conversation system examination was performed using Chain online oral appliance Cytoscape software program. A hundred and forty common DEGs ended up tested. We learned that these kinds of genetics were linked to selected walkways including metabolic path ways, terpenoid central source biosynthesis, and adipocytokine signaling walkway. The involvements involving 10 genes, which includes in the GSE36376 files established exhibited optimistic retract changes. These studies compared real-world conclusion factors extracted from the Cancer Investigation System (CAS), a national cancer malignancy computer registry using linkage to be able to country wide fatality and other medical listings throughout The united kingdom, together with these via various People oncology info sources, which include electronic medical data, insurance plan promises, unstructured medical graphs, or perhaps a blend, in which taken part in the buddies involving Cancer malignancy Investigation Real-World Data Pilot Venture One particular.2. Regularity between information models infections: pneumonia as well as between real-world overall tactical (rwOS) has been examined within sufferers together with immunotherapy-treated advanced non-small-cell carcinoma of the lung (aNSCLC). People with aNSCLC, identified involving January The year 2013 and also December 2017, who initiated remedy using accepted designed dying ligand-1 (PD-[L]1) inhibitors right up until March 2018 had been integrated. Real-world end factors, including rwOS and real-world time for you to treatment discontinuation (rwTTD), had been considered making use of Kaplan-Meier analysis SSR . A synthetic information established, Simulacrum, on such basis as conditional haphazard samon generating. Variances observed in between information models may be explained through variation within health care settings, like the timing involving PD-(M)1 endorsement along with repayment, and data capture. The purpose of this particular randomized controlled trial ended up being check out the outcomes of a new multitiered method involving vocabulary assist (MTSLS) on kindergarteners' account retelling, individual tales, composing, and also expository terminology. Participants had been 686 school individuals from several institution zones in america. Twenty-eight school rooms were at random assigned to remedy ( = 349 individuals) circumstances. The therapy party gotten 18 months associated with dental narrative terminology instruction employing a multitiered language plan. School room teachers delivered significant group (Rate One particular) training regarding 15-20 minute each day for A month. Next short-duration whole-class coaching, speech-language pathologists started out small group Equates to Forty nine). These kind of college students gotten Level Only two intervention for 20 minutes two times a full week as well as ongoing Level A single teaching. Outcomes indicated thaat-risk individuals catch up for you to high-achieving friends. The objective of these studies ended up being to investigate detection efficacy associated with serious learning (DL) regarding automatic busts ultrasound (ABUS) along with factors affecting its usefulness. = One hundred forty four) organizations. A convolutional sensory circle had been improved to identify wounds inside ABUS. The actual awareness and also untrue advantages (First person shooter) ended up assessed and also in comparison for various breast tissue compositions, sore dimensions, morphologies and also replicate styles genetic discrimination . Intriguingly, by correlative mild and also tranny electron microscopy (Them), many of us seen which PML hutches additionally entrap freshly put together virus-like capsids demonstrating an additional safeguard level within cellular material with incomplete first-line response. Further depiction by Animations Them established that hundreds of virus-like capsids are usually tightly jam-packed straight into a number of cellular levels of fibrous PML. Overall, the files show that massive PML-NBs come up by way of combined interferon along with Genetic make-up destruction signaling which causes entrapment associated with each nucleic chemicals and also proteinaceous elements. This particular represents a new multilayered protection strategy to take action inside a cytoprotective way also to fight infections.Tubulointerstitial nephritis along with uveitis (TINU) malady in youngsters is definitely an rare, underreported situation. Start of kidney and ocular signs or symptoms is frequently not necessarily multiple along with nephritis which can precede uveitis by a few weeks. A flexible remedy reaction and a propensity regarding relapse define the particular malady. It is a circumstance statement of an formerly healthy 14-year-old boy together with TINU symptoms, emphasizing the need for long-term interdisciplinary remedy and also checking. Additionally, the importance of repetitive testing associated with people together with Space biology uveitis with regard to renal illness along with ophthalmological evaluation of kids nephritis is actually emphasized.This is the circumstance statement of your 14-year-old feminine using a massive child fibroadenoma in their correct chest. The lady properly went through operative excision together with parallel breasts elevate and also remodeling employing a revised Goldilocks method. You want to tackle the significance of referring individuals using chest asymmetry for you to operative assessment and moreover advocate with regard to taking into consideration utilization of rebuilding tactics as well as conferring having a cosmetic surgeon any time getting rid of these kinds of large tumours in order to achieve a far more pleasantly stunning as well as symmetric result.Supplementary parkinsonism because of cerebral neoplasia can be a uncommon condition. We all present in a situation record of the 73-year-old lady using 21 days regarding moving on right-sided parkinsonism. Cerebral MRI stimulate mistrust of left-sided principal CNS-lymphoma from the still left basal ganglia. Cerebralspinal liquid examined Biolistic transformation along with stream cytometry uncovered dissipate B-cell lymphoma. The person has been moved to the section associated with haematology and was dealt with through standard major CNS-lymphoma process. Five-month specialized medical control exposed marked healing. From nine-month handle a great MRI of cerebrum confirmed virtually complete regression associated with tumor.Ectopic pregnancy is really a possible lifethreatening problem and could be handled conservatively, along with methotrexat or even serious surgical procedure depending upon learn more the patient's condition. A 38-year-old girl has been delivered to the particular gynaecological acute ward having an ectopic being pregnant. However, the lady a prior history of major ab surgery and lots of adhesions. Inside a multidisciplinary hard work the decission was taken to do a good embolisation in the uterine artery with a good result. It research shows that an embolisation can be quite a legitimate treatments for a great ectopic being pregnant. This system offers significant advantages with regards to simply no extra skin surgical mark, zero seen asymmetry evidently, zero further medical procedures regarding version, with gentle surgical mark from the donor site with the postauricular place.A new postauricular composite graft greater than selleck compound Only two.Zero centimetres is a safe and efficient remodeling approach for partial-thickness nose area flaws. This system delivers considerable advantages regarding absolutely no extra face scar, simply no visible asymmetry on the face, no added medical procedures for revising, with gentle scar tissue from the donor website from the postauricular location. Because arterial method of getting the actual anterior ear canal has been described inside 1992 simply by Car park avec 's, different physiological reports as well as operative methods happen to be printed in the literatures. Although anatomic scientific studies concerning the Recurrent infection vascular design in the ear have already been previously reported, nearly all had been unfinished to comprehend the general structure with the headsets as well as operative benefits. On this record, your experts outlined additional comprehensive general routine of the arterial systems as well as the main perforators with the anterior headsets. The particular authors dissected in the overall associated with 14 auricles that was fixed throughout 10% formalin option. Prior to dissection, the red-colored latex option ended up being being injected in to the widespread carotid artery. The actual anteroauricular along with postauricular epidermis was dissected to reveal the actual arterial network below ×10 microscope magnifying. There's 2 arterial cpa networks from the anteroauricular top of the ear canal triangular-scapha fossa along with concha system. On this review, triangular-scapha fossa system offers Only two general habits upper genital infections with a dominating arterial provide you with the " light " temporal artery (STA) kind (6/11, Fifty four.5%) and also the rear auricular artery (PAA) type (5/11, Forty five.4%). The actual STA variety is distributed with a subbranch with the working your way up helical artery from the STA, although the particular prominent arterial way to obtain the PAA type is a perforator of the triangular fossa through the PAA. We identify an essential inflow on the triangular-scapha fossa circle as circulation from your center section of the PAA, which in turn straight emerges from your rear to the anterior surface over the cartilage material edge with midhelix. The actual comprehensive general body structure on this record enables doctors to complete surgical procedures safely and produce a variety of flap in the field of the particular ear recouvrement.The actual thorough general physiology of the record makes it possible for cosmetic surgeons to perform surgical procedures properly also to produce various flaps in the area of the headsets remodeling. The particular chicago plastic surgeon can often be required to restore your sacral place linked to pilonidal nodule or perhaps a growth, or following additional surgery, including coccygectomy. While sitting ache isn't because of the pudendal or perhaps rear femoral cutaneous neural damage, your anococcygeal neurological (ACN) has to be regarded as. Technically, the body structure is not well known. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) within blood vessels ended up 1st grabbed as well as remote simply by anti-CD63-coated permanent magnetic beads. Next, EV-encapsulated miRNA-21 had been isolated by secondary Apabetalone order DNA-coated magnet beans, and finally the separated miRNA-21 ended up being quantified by simply digital camera polymerase chain reaction (electronic PCR, dPCR). Your integrated computer chip featured a sample treatment method element along with a miRNA quantification element that automatic the complete process, along with the limit associated with recognition (LOD) ended up being 11 duplicates for every milliliter. Your inaccuracy in the miRNA quantification element (we.elizabeth. dPCR) was discovered to get less next 12%. Moreover, rised trials as well as specialized medical examples were utilized to check the overall performance in the produced system. It's envisioned that this developed program is an invaluable and guaranteeing application regarding OvCa biomarker sizes.Mercury (Hg) is definitely an environmental toxicant harmful in order to individual health and the planet. The anthropogenic by-products tend to be controlled simply by international, localized, and local plans. Right here, many of us examine Hg sources within the resort city of Celtics, the 3rd most significant downtown area within the Northeastern U . s .. Having a mean of 1.37 ng m-3, atmospheric Hg levels tested from July 2017 to April 2019 were on the low end of the assortment described within the Upper Hemisphere plus the number noted in Us countryside web sites. Even with fairly reduced normal Hg levels, we all estimate anthropogenic pollution levels to become 3-7 periods greater than inside existing engine performance assortments employing a measurement-model construction, recommending a good underestimation regarding modest position and/or nonpoint pollution levels. Additionally we analyze the particular theory that a heritage Hg origin through the ocean plays a role in atmospheric Hg levels inside the examine location; heritage by-products (these recycling involving formerly transferred Hg) are the cause of ∼60% associated with Hg emitted every year worldwide (and far of the these recycling occurs from the oceanic masses mediating role ). We find that will raised levels witnessed during easterly oceanic really agitates can be entirely explained by lower wind speeds and recirculating atmosphere making it possible for build up involving land-based emissions. These studies shows that the particular effect associated with nonpoint land-based by-products may be related in proportions to point out sources in certain locations and illustrates some great benefits of additional top-down studies within other areas.Story polynitro azoxypyrazole-based energetic materials 1,2-bis (4-nitro-1H-pyrazol-5-yl) diazene 1-oxide (Three or more) and 1,2-bis (One particular,4-dinitro-1H-pyrazol-3-yl) diazene 1-oxide (4 host immunity ) were produced through 5-amino-pyrazole-4-carbonitrile by seo'ed responses. Their particular houses ended up characterized by much needed analysis and also single-crystal X-ray diffraction methods. Ingredient 3 exhibits large energy stability (239 °C), reduced mechanised sensitivity (Will be = 25 L, FS Is equal to 240 plus N) and average detonation performance (Dv Equates to 8272 meters s-1, R = Twenty eight. Your analysis regarding zirconia primary floor pretreatments about the flexural strength associated with bilayered zirconia ceramics both before and after unnatural accelerating aging. Three months bar-shaped types had been produced from Yttria Stable Tetragonal Zirconia Polycrystal (Y-TZP) as well as broken down inside about three teams based on zirconia surface pretreatment prior to veneering layering along with lining, pretreatment along with silane-containing gasoline flare (SGF) with the Silano-Pen device and alumina air-abrasion. 1 / 2 of your veneered individuals in every team (n=15) underwent synthetic accelerating aging. A 4-point bending check was performed to discover flexural durability. Three examples through each class ended up additional reviewed using Encoding Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and also Fourier Enhance Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) prior to veneering after fracture (older and non-aged subgroups). Alumina air-abrasion has been related for you to improved stage transformation through tetragonal for you to monoclinic zirconia period. Qualitative analysassociated with greater tetragonal for you to monoclinic (t→m) phase change. Increasing ageing leads to a boost in the hardware components underneath in vitro problems.The objective of this study would have been to assess the entry upper body and stomach calculated tomography (CT) studies associated with sufferers whom given to your unexpected emergency section with complaints of ab ache, nausea, along with lack of breath see more and also that had RT-PCR-confirmed COVID-19 infection. Seventy-five people along with RT-PCR-confirmed (in lab) COVID-19 disease that went through torso as well as stomach CT had been within the research. The actual radiological weighing machines [the COVID-19 Credit reporting information Technique (CO-RADS) along with severeness score] in the upper body and abdominal results ended up examined upon CT photos. Forty-one (54.7%) sufferers ended up male and also 34 (Forty five.3%) have been women. Your imply chronilogical age of the people had been Sixty three.Goal (assortment 24-89) many years Medicine and the law . The most regularly worked out CO-RADS credit score is discovered to become 5 (in = Fifty three, 70.7%). Bilateral (48.0%) and also multibolar (Seventy four.7%) participation, peripheral (48.0%) as well as posterior (Sixty.0%) syndication, as well as ground-glass opacity (66.7%) pattern were the most typical pulmonary results. A confident relationship ended up being observed among CO-RADS along with complete severty report (p less then 2.001). All patients ended up put in the hospital. One (A single.3%) patient was operatively taken care of because of severe appendicitis. Seven (A dozen.0%) people have been publicly stated on the demanding attention device. Six (8.0%) patients died from the intensive proper care product. Individuals introducing to the crisis office with both abdominal and also the respiratory system issues through the outbreak must be examined regarding COVID-19. Individuals may be clinically determined earlier with all the info gathered coming from CT with out looking forward to the actual PCR outcome. Healthcare facility employees usually takes the necessary defensive procedures in opposition to virus transmission first, minimizing your in-hospital tranny in the virus.Acute radiation enteritis is a type of complications happening inside individuals along with pelvic and stomach growths that receive radiotherapy. Acute rays enteritis critically decreases the life quality, even intends the actual life tropical medicine associated with sufferers. Computer mouse cancers of the breast mobile or portable range 4T1 can easily correctly copy the response to resistant receptors and also targeting healing real estate agents. Combined treatments provides emerged as an essential strategy using diminished unwanted side effects and greatest cell-free synthetic biology healing influence. Mocetinostat (MGCD0103) is amongst the folks Type My partner and i Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors (HDACi) as well as mechanism regarding activity has not been defined, nevertheless. Capecitabine (Xeloda) can be an antimetabolite along with is already commonly helpful to treat a wide range of reliable tumors. The purpose of this study was to check out results of the particular capecitabine, mocetinostat and their put together request for the 4T1 mobile or portable collection. The end results of combined management involving mocetinostat as well as capecitabine upon 4T1 tissue have been looked at simply by mobile or portable viability and also migration assays, apoptosis examination, and also Western blotting technique. ) were found for capecitabine (1700 µM), mocetinostat (Several,One hundred twenty-five µM), along with 50 µM Capecitabine+1,A few µM Mocetinostat with regard to Forty-eight hour or so. In capecitabine+mocetinostat incorporate class, all of us noticed in which cell migration lowered, Genetics fragmentation greater when compared to control group. capecitabine + mocetinostat class activated apoptosis simply by lowering Bcl-2, PI3K, Akt, c-myc proteins quantities, whilst escalating Bax, Caspase-3, PTEN, cleaved-PARP, Caspase-7, Caspase-9, p53, cleaved-Cas-9 health proteins levels in Saxitoxin biosynthesis genes 4T1 cells. Capecitabine as well as mocetinostat performed the toxic part through inducing apoptosis about 4T1 most cancers cellular material in the time- along with concentration-dependent method. These final results indicated that mixed treatment using low concentrations of mit were detected to be more effective together with high-concentration alone medications.Capecitabine and mocetinostat played a dangerous position by way of inducting apoptosis upon 4T1 cancers cellular material in the time- as well as concentration-dependent manner. These kind of benefits indicated that combined treatment using minimal concentrations have been recognized to become more potent than that using high-concentration alone medications. ) from the holding connection among ambochlorin (Amb), and also lower leg thymus Genetic make-up (ctDNA) since binary and also ternary systems. The work has been completed through the ways of absorbance, fluorescence, stopped-flow spherical dichroism spectroscopy, viscosity, thermal melting, along with molecular acting tactics. interactions were spontaneous, endothermic, as well as compound 991 manufacturer entropy-favored, as well as hydrophobic interactions literally principal part in the formation and stabilizing associated with buildings. Research into the stopped-flow rounded dichroism final results said that the holding technique of Amb-ctDNA along with Amb-ctDNA-H required a period of more than 150 milliseconds to accomplish. Moreover, Amb-ctDNA complex enhancement had been marginaland ctDNA alteration of a good the actual linker histone. ATP6V1B2 immunoreactivity was found to get transiently increased from the hippocampal CA1 place along with dentate gyrus 12-24 human resources soon after ischemia in the event the ph and lactate amounts were diminished. Additionally, ATP6V1B2 immunoreactivity substantially improved inside the hippocampal CA3 and dentate gyrus, regions relatively resistant to ischemic damage, Several nights soon after ischemia, when the NeuN-positive, adult neuron numbers had been considerably lowered in the hippocampal CA1 location. Women used on system-based treatment possess a significant difference for you to GDM ladies who have been sent to the particular management group for Low-density and high-density lipoproteins although not inside anthropometric sizes, blood pressure level, glucose catalog, overall cholesterol levels, as well as triglyceride. In addition, it turned out found out that the particular Chromatography incidence regarding Diabetes mellitus (T2DM) 2 years right after shipping and delivery has been 20% from the intervention supply in comparison with 17% from the management equip. The particular system-based involvement was not in the past better than your handle intervention while there is simply no difference in relation to its chance of T2DM between your treatment as well as handle class. We, therefore, proposed that more and more demanding interventions are necessary to stop GDM via Selleckchem Vincristine developing directly into T2DM.The particular system-based intervention has not been mathematically more advanced than your control treatment as there is simply no difference in relation to occurrence regarding T2DM between the input along with management party. We all, consequently, suggested more intensive interventions are needed to avoid GDM from creating straight into T2DM.Genus Calophyllum in the group of Calophyllaceae can be an time tested broad-leaved shrub which is native to the island to South Asia, especially Malaysia. They have been noted for assorted ethnomedicinal employs within traditional medicine. Earlier scientific studies of Malaysian Calophyllum kinds revealed these to be considered a rich source of bioactive phytoconstituents including xanthones, coumarins, terpenoids, and also chromanone acids. To date, the actual removes and also materials from Malaysian Calophyllum types demonstrate a broad array involving pharmacological actions. For example, calanolide Any, the coumarin singled out via Malaysian C. lanigerum, has now arrived at clinical advancement for being a good anti-HIV medication. This informative article offers an introduction to the running phytochemical as well as pharmacological routines associated with Malaysian Calophyllum kinds to aid scientists throughout additional finding regarding potential great things about numerous species of this genus.Despite the fact that bad lies recognition super-dominant pathobiontic genus precision is understood to get an important threat factor pertaining to fraudulence amongst older adults, this kind of website link hasn't been explicitly examined. Using a cross-sectional design, elderly and teenagers seen making judgement making associated with genuine, high-stakes facts and lies with economic consequences. More mature (as opposed to. younger) adults shown an increased fact opinion when evaluating folks pestering with regard to aid in locating a missing out on comparative, that was connected with increased donations to be able to deceitful pleaders. However, all contributors ended up extremely vulnerable to scam. Potential study should think about equally chance and also protecting elements influencing fiscal fraudulence throughout the life expectancy.The aim of these studies ended up being to discover genes which can be specifically depicted within pancreatic islet β-cells (hereafter known as β-cells). Large-scale secondary DNA-sequencing analysis had been executed for 3,429 depicted string labels derived from murine MIN6 β-cells, by way of homology evaluations with all the GenBank repository. Thereby, though it is understood more analysis may be necessary to demonstrate vital or even causal connection in between gm along with ASD, remedy with the microbiome can be thought to be a powerful tactic to combat this challenge. hemorrhagic alteration is really a severe problem involving severe ischemic stroke, which can bring about very poor prospects as well as overdue utilization of anticoagulant therapy. 125 individuals together with cerebral infarction from December 2019 for you to 12 , 2020 inside the 2nd Associated Clinic involving Zhejiang University or college have been picked. All patients did not obtain intravascular treatment, 4 thrombolysis and other reperfusion therapy; as well as the relevant clinical data have been collected inside autoimmune cystitis 24 h after programs. At the same time, 20 balanced subjects were picked since the analysis things for prospective evaluation. Hemorrhagic transformation (HT) had been looked as an ailment through which worked out tomography (CT) failed to suggest bleeding in admission, nevertheless follow-up magnetic resonance image resolution (MRI) or CT confirmed lose blood. Your sufferers had been divided into HT party (n = 50) and non-HT team (n = 75) according to regardless of whether there was clearly HT right after admission. The particular concentrations of mit regarding FSTL1 and also MMP-9 within side-line body of the two teams ended up detected. The concentrations regarding FSTL1 along with MMP-9 inside serious cerebral infarction (ACI) party were substantially above those involved with manage class. Nevertheless the HT party stood a larger energy FSTL1 as well as MMP-9 compared to non-HT party. Your serum FSTL1 along with MMP-9 ended up unbiased risk factors with regard to hemorrhagic transformation. The region underneath the ROC blackberry curve associated with FSTL1 along with MMP-9 within diagnosing HT was 2.809 along with 0.856 respectively, as well as their combined worth was 2.923. The high levels of FSTL1 along with MMP-9 experienced robust relationship together with HT inside ACI patients.The high degrees of FSTL1 and also MMP-9 got powerful correlation with HT within ACI sufferers.Past reports show the leaching associated with chemical toxins in hard to rely on waste materials varieties causes significant polluting the environment and also health conditions. Hence, scientific studies are centered on discovering a highly effective, safe technique of disposing of metal-laden sound waste materials like steer (Pb). This research assessed the consequence regarding anion substitution in the framework associated with pyromorphite (Pb10(PO4)6Cl2, a typical vitamin cycle pertaining to Pb sequestering) upon Pb stabilization. Phosphate (PO43-) with the tetrahedral pyromorphite web site ended up being together replaced by silicate (SiO44-) as well as sulphate (SO42-) in a controlled cold weather remedy. The actual lattice extended using the increase of more SiO44- along with SO42-. Furthermore, the unit mobile guidelines in the strong options Neratinib purchase advanced linearly with an rise in the actual replacement amount (x in Pb10(SiO4)by(SO4)times(PO4)(6-2x)Cl2). This research additionally demonstrated that Pb sent out into amorphous in the PO43–deficient matrix, while asisite (Pb7SiO8Cl2) had been Brain-gut-microbiota axis produced when the matrix had been dominated by SiO44- as well as SO42-. The particular draining results confirmed the particular isomorphous replacing in the targeted technique rendered the items less durable in the direction of citrus invasion.
Even contacts made for overnight use can hurt your eyes Your daily contact lens routine may seem to be working well. But experts say some common practices can be threatening to eye health. Cleveland Clinic is a non-profit academic medical center. Advertising on our site helps support our mission. We do not endorse non-Cleveland Clinic products or services. Policy "It's a lack of information," says ophthalmologist Jeffrey Goshe, MD. "People aren't being told to do most of the things that are standard for contact lens care." Dr. Goshe shares these do's and don'ts for safe contact lens use. When you're tired, spending the time to take out your contacts can feel like a chore. But sleeping with them in reduces oxygen flow to the eye and puts you at risk for infections. "Despite what manufacturers say about lenses that are safe to sleep in, almost every study of contact lens-related infections found a strong link between the risk of infection and sleeping in contacts," Dr. Goshe says. "There are newer lenses that are approved for continuous wear up to 30 days, but I still recommend that my patients remove their contacts on a daily basis." "If your contact lenses are too loose or too tight, you can have problems," says Dr. Goshe. People may not realize that the fit of their lenses can change throughout their lives, and an annual check-up can determine if adjustments should be made. When you jump around from doctor to doctor based on who's offering a glasses coupon, it's harder to keep track of your eye health over time. If you do have problems, go to an optometrist or ophthalmologist, not an urgent care center. "Some people say they wear them until they feel like they need to be changed – but that's a sign that something bad has already started to happen," Dr. Goshe says. That could be an abrasion to your cornea or bacteria building up on the inside of your lens, for example. "If your lenses are designed to be replaced every two weeks, you should replace them at least that often," Dr. Goshe says. Never rinse your contacts with tap water or stick them in your mouth. Tap water is not sterile and may contain organisms that can cause very severe infections. Contact lenses should be cleaned with a commercial contact lens solution, following the instructions provided by the manufacturer. Clean and dry your case each day and fill it with new solution rather than "topping off" the solution from the previous day. "If you are experiencing pain, redness, blurriness or light sensitivity, your eyes may be having a problem that requires medical attention," Dr. Goshe says. As a rule of thumb, if any of these symptoms persists for more than 24 hours, it's time to see an optometrist or ophthalmologist as soon as possible. If the symptoms are severe, you should be seen immediately. "If treated promptly, the majority of contact lens-related problems don't lead to long-term vision problems," Dr. Goshe says. "However, in severe cases, scarring, reduced vision, or blindness can result." By knowing the facts, you can comfortably wear contact lenses without strain or injury to your eyes. Learn more about our editorial process. While it's best to fix amblyopia during childhood, it can also be addressed as an adult Preserving your social life and protecting your mental health are key to living well with vision loss Start low-vision rehabilitation as soon as possible and see your retina specialist at least every six months These trendy glasses might brighten some shades and help you see the difference between colors or brightness of hues, but they won't cure your color vision deficiency This powerful carotenoid can help with your eye and skin health, LDL reduction and cognitive function Your eye prescription reveals a lot about your eye health, including how they're shaped, how well you see and what your new glasses can do for your sight It's critical to have the proper eyewear if you plan to look up at the sun, especially during the total solar eclipse on April 8, 2024 Both procedures are about equally effective, but which is better depends on your vision needs and current conditions Your metabolism may torch 1,300 to 2,000 calories daily with no activity A gentle touch in all the right places may help drain your sinuses
Vitamin D Usage & Dosage - Questions & Answers Vitamin D is an essential nutrient that plays a crucial role in maintaining overall good health. It helps regulate the absorption of calcium and phosphorus in the body, which in turn contributes to the development of strong bones and teeth. It also supports the immune system, helps reduce inflammation, and may reduce the risk of certain diseases. Popular questions about Vitamin D - Show topics: - Absorption and Sources - Dosage Conversions - Dosage Recommendations - Effects and Interactions - Food Sources - Foods Rich in Vitamin D - Functions and Effects - Milk and Vitamin D - Oranges and Vitamin D - Stool Color Changes - Supplement Details and Purchase - Usage and Dosage - Vitamin D Consumption - Vitamin D Sources How do I wean myself off Vitamin D? To wean yourself off Vitamin D, reduce your intake gradually over time and make sure to get some sun exposure. How do you take Fern D-FernActive? To take it, you should swallow it whole with a glass of water as directed by your doctor. Can you take zinc and Vitamin D everyday? Yes, you can take zinc and vitamin D every day. It is important to take them in the appropriate amounts and not overdo it, as too much of either can be detrimental to your health. Do you have to wean off Vitamin D? No, you do not have to wean off Vitamin D. However, if you are taking a daily Vitamin D supplement or if your doctor has prescribed you a particular dosage, you should follow their instructions for taking Vitamin D and discuss any changes to your supplement plan with them. How do you take Vitamin D in liquid form? Vitamin D can be taken in liquid form by adding drops of liquid vitamin D to a food or beverage. It is important to follow the instructions on the Vitamin D drops to ensure the correct dose is taken. How do you take Vitamin D Soft Gel? Vitamin D soft gel should be taken orally with food or as directed by a doctor. It should be swallowed whole and not chewed or broken. How do you take Vitamin D softgels? To take Vitamin D Softgels, swallow the softgel whole, with or without food. It is important to follow the recommendations on the label of the product, as different products may have different dosing instructions. How do you use Vitamin D serum? Vitamin D serum should be used as directed on the product's label. Generally, it should be applied topically to the skin, usually once or twice daily. How does taking Vitamin D once a week work? To ensure adequate vitamin D intake, it is recommended to take a daily supplement or get regular sun exposure. How much calcium, vitamin D, and magnesium should I take? The recommended daily intake of calcium, Vitamin D, and magnesium varies for each individual. It is best to consult your doctor or a nutritionist to determine the exact amount that you should be taking. Key facts about Vitamin D - Vitamin D is primarily obtained through exposure to sunlight, but can also be found in some foods and supplements - Deficiency in Vitamin D has been linked to an increased risk of osteoporosis, rickets, and other bone-related diseases - Vitamin D helps in the regulation of insulin levels leading to diabetes prevention - Vitamin D deficiency has been associated with an increased risk of cancer, autoimmune diseases, and infectious diseases - Most people do not get enough Vitamin D from sunlight and should consider taking supplements or eating Vitamin D-rich foods - Blood testing is the most accurate way to determine Vitamin D levels in the body - Recommended daily intake of Vitamin D varies by age and gender, with the general guideline being between 600-800 IU per day for most adults
EnvironmentVaccine to Save Threatened Honeybees Developed by US Biotech Startup To deal with American foulbrood, a deadly and highly contagious disease that decimates beehives, a startup has come up with an innovative solution to protect bees. Published 1 year ago on March 17, 2023 (full fact-check in progress).By Florent Delbos A bee's life: stressed and endangered, but crucial to human survival Share Tweet Bees are essential to our environment, our economy and our agricultural sector. They provide a large part of our food and contribute to the pollination of crops. It is estimated that 35% of the world's food production is dependent on the pollination of bees, yet their lifespan has been cut in half over the past 50 years.In recent years, the bee population has dropped dramatically, due to many factors such as parasites and predators (including the Asian hornet), pesticides, bacterial, fungal or viral diseases, destruction of natural habitat, decrease in floral resources as well as climate change. The decline in their population has devastating effects on agriculture and biodiversity by disrupting the ecosystem.In the United States, the situation is even more critical. Entire colonies of bees are being decimated by American foulbrood disease, which is responsible for the loss of 40% of hives in 2019. To counter it, beekeepers had no choice but to burn infected hives to avoid any risk of spreading. This bacterium called Paenibacillus larvae has the particularity of being insensitive to heat and cold, of resisting drought and can remain contagious for over 40 years. It has been identified in other regions of the world and seems to be gaining ground.To save honeybees, researchers at the Georgia-based biotech startup Dalan Animal Health (DAH), which specializes in insect health, have developed a serum. This is the first vaccine for bees that was just approved in January 2023 by the United States Department of Agriculture.This vaccine is an important step in trying to stem the decline of honeybeesInitially reserved for professional beekeepers, it will obviously not be administered with a syringe to members of a colony. This serum composed of the remains of the bacteria will first be assimilated by the worker bees that produce the royal jelly. This is then ingested naturally by the queen bee, who gains immunity to foulbrood and passes it on to her eggs and larvae.Although this solution does not work 100%, it represents hope for the future of honey bee health. Clinical trials have shown that the vaccine is effective against American foulbrood disease and has no side effects, offering a promising solution to protect these pollinators.Still, further research is essential to ensure the survival and health of the bees that have such an important impact on our world. With this innovative technique, perhaps in the future it will be possible to reverse the decline of bees and ensure a healthier, more sustainable environment for all. Related Topics:BeesFeaturedUnited StatesVaccine Up NextMore Frequent Turbulence Awaits You In the Air Don't MissVaccine to Save Threatened Honeybees Developed by US Biotech Startup Continue Reading You may like Post Malone Shatters RIAA Records with Diamond Sales Selena Gomez Beauty Brand Soars: $1 Billion in Revenue by 2023 Joaquin Phoenix Faints On-Set, Ruins Take For Angry Director Florence Pugh Employed Emotional Abuse for her Midsommar Role Chloe Bailey Fumes Over Rivalry Rumors with Sister Halle Shazam! Fury of the Gods Bombs at Box Office Click to comment Leave a Reply Cancel replyYour email address will not be published. Required fields are marked Comment Name * Email * Website Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. EnvironmentAre plastic straws really such a threat to our and our planet's safety? Increasing numbers of food outlets are switching to biodegradable paper straws to show they care about growing public concerns about the ecological impact of their businesses. Published 1 year agoon May 9, 2023By Bruce Hayns Plastic pollution's secret costs: why convenience comes at a heavy priceResearch has shown that plastic straws are more convenient than biodegradable paper straws which, over time, become soggy when in contact with liquid, which can affect the overall enjoyment of a beverage. Plastic straws maintain their structural strength if left in a drink. Nonetheless, increasing numbers of food outlets are opting for an ecological alternative to the single-use plastic straw in response to consumer demand.Businesses are adapting to an environmentally-friendly customer base demanding they take responsibility for their impact on the health of humans and the planet, and plastic straws have become a symbol of the ethical fight for prioritizing people and care for the planet over convenience.A healthy and holistic lifestyle that is conscious of the impact we have on other living beings has become a worldwide trend, particularly with younger generations. Businesses have recognized this and are responding to it. As part of the wider dialogue it is important to ask both whether paper straws are worth the inconvenience and whether society is going far enough with addressing the underlying problems to avoid this being virtue signalling.Plastic pollution is hugely problematic. It does not biodegrade, which means it doesn't break down into harmless parts that can take on other functions in the environment like natural materials do. This means that especially single-use plastics, used thoughtlessly like a straw and then discarded, remain almost indefinitely as an environmental problem. A lot of plastic ends up in the oceans, 8 million tons each year.It is estimated that by the year 2050 there will be more plastic in the ocean than fishBut the problem does not end there: when the plastic does break down into tiny parts called microplastics it gets into the food chain and water system and ends up in our own bodies, where it has a disruptive and harmful effect.With 500 million plastic straws estimated to be used by Americans alone every day, switching to more expensive paper straws, which biodegrade in two months, is a good way for business owners to signify to their consumers that they care about solving the problem of pollution. The same is true for governments banning plastic straws. There is a risk however that this single very tangible issue could lead to complacency, with business people, political leaders and even consumers feeling they have 'done their part' and that no more effort is needed to fix our industrial society. A deeper solution would be finding and even subsidizing cost-effective ways to make fully biodegradable polymers or plastics. With biodegradable plastic straws, we could sip conveniently and with a clean conscience. Continue Reading EnvironmentPublic Rallies to Protect Threatened Oceans from Deep Sea Mining Impact The global demand for essential minerals is pitting a new deep sea mining industry against environmentalists who are committed to protecting the world's ocean-life. Published 1 year agoon April 25, 2023By Bruce Hayns Environmental and indigenous activists are challenging unsustainable underwater miningEnvironmental activist group Greenpeace is taking a stand against deep sea mining, a new extractive industry that they warn has the potential to cause irreparable damage to marine ecosystems. Some of the group's members recently staged peaceful protests against a deep sea mining research ship in the eastern Pacific Ocean.Deep sea mining is a process of retrieving mineral deposits from the ocean floor. With the depletion of terrestrial deposits and rising demand for essential minerals, interest in this mining process is growing. The minerals extracted from the seabed include copper, cobalt, nickel, and manganese, amongst others. Advocates of deep sea mining say it has the potential to meet global demand for many minerals and could help boost the economies of developing nations.More than 750 marine science and policy experts from 44 countries have signed an open letter calling for a pause to deep sea mining until sufficient research has been done to understand its effects. This growing wave of opposition is driven by concerns over the significant risks posed to marine life and the potential exacerbation of climate change.Māori Indigenous activists from New Zealand have also voiced their concerns and participated in protests, stating that they do not give their consent to the extractive industry.Despite adopting a Global Ocean Treaty on March 4th, 2023, governments worldwide have left open legal loopholes that could lead to deep sea mining starting as soon as this year.Greenpeace is advocating for a permanent ban on deep sea mining to prevent any future harm to the oceans. The group believes that we know less about the deep seabed than we do about the Earth's surface, and that the potential consequences of this new industry are too great to ignore. Continue Reading EnvironmentFirst Time CO2 is Injected Below North Sea to Combat Climate Change A recent milestone achievement in permanent offshore carbon dioxide storage demonstrates how to prevent the gas from warming the atmosphere. Published 1 year agoon April 18, 2023By Bruce Hayns A solution to global warming: Carbon capture and storageOn March 8th, 2023, European industrial giants INEOS and Wintershall Dea and 20 partners (including startups and the Danish government) made history with the first-ever injection of carbon dioxide (CO2) under the North Sea for permanent storage. This forms part of a demonstration phase of a carbon capture and storage (CCS) operation called Project Greensand.The Royal Highness Crown Prince Frederik of Denmark participated in person in the associated ceremony and the President of the European Commission Ursula von der Leyen joined the event via video. "This is a big moment for Europe's green transition, and for our clean tech industry. The first-ever full value chain, for carbon capture and storage in Europe," she said.The project, which secured the first full-scale CO2 storage permit in the Danish North Sea from the Danish Ministry, ultimately aims to be capturing and permanently storing up to 8 million metric tons of carbon dioxide each year by 2030. This represents 40 per cent of Denmark's total emission reduction target. The CO2, which is currently captured from a Belgian industrial plant, is being transported by ship in liquid form and stored 1,800 meters below the seabed in the disused Nini oil field.Executives warn that the success of Project Greensand will require the cooperation of industry, government, and the public to achieve meaningful progress towards a zero-carbon future.Some environmentalists dispute carbon capture and storage as a viable solutionThe achievement of this groundbreaking milestone is said to indicate that CCS can work, offering a viable way to significantly reduce carbon emissions and help mitigate the effects of climate change.However, the initiative has faced opposition from some environmental sectors. Helene Hage, Head of the Climate and Environmental Policy at Greenpeace Denmark, expressed the view that Project Greensand "doesn't fix the problem and prolongs the structures that are harmful". While the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has stated that carbon capture and storage costs more than switching to renewable energy and electric vehicles.It is hoped that this achievement will nevertheless pave the way for further investment in and development of climate-change related projects, leading to a more sustainable future for all. Continue ReadingLatestTrendingVideos Environment1 year agoAre plastic straws really such a threat to our and our planet's safety? 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Embarking on a road trip with children can be both exciting and daunting. From the "are we there yet?" chants to unexpected bathroom breaks, traveling with kids requires a bit of extra planning and patience. But fear not! With the right approach, you can turn your family road trip into a fun-filled adventure for everyone involved. In this guide, we'll explore some essential tips and tricks for driving with children, ensuring a smooth journey from start to finish. - Plan Strategically - Choose the right time to travel, considering your children's sleep schedule and temperament. Early mornings or evenings might be best for long drives if your kids are more likely to nap during these times. - Plot your route and identify kid-friendly pit stops along the way. Look for parks, playgrounds, or interesting attractions where children can stretch their legs and burn off some energy. 2. Pack Wisely - Stock up on snacks and drinks to keep hunger at bay and avoid unnecessary stops. - Pack a variety of entertainment options, such as books, toys, games, and electronic devices loaded with kid-friendly apps or movies. - Don't forget essential items like diapers, wipes, extra clothes, and any comfort items your child may need 3. Safety First - Ensure that car seats are properly installed and meet safety regulations for your child's age, weight, and height. - Teach older children about the importance of wearing seat belts and staying seated while the vehicle is in motion. - Pack a first aid kit and any necessary medications in case of emergencies 4. Health and Wellness - Monitor pets and children for signs of motion sickness, anxiety, or discomfort during the journey. - Keep pet medications and first aid supplies readily accessible in case of emergencies. - Schedule regular breaks for feeding, hydration, and bathroom breaks for both pets and children. 5. Entertainment and Distractions - Pack a variety of toys, chew treats, and interactive games to keep pets entertained and mentally stimulated. - Create a playlist of favorite songs, audiobooks, or podcasts to entertain children during the drive. - Engage children in interactive games, such as "I Spy" or scavenger hunts, to make the journey more enjoyable. 6. Emergency Preparedness - Road trips with kids can be unpredictable, so it's essential to remain calm and patient, even when things don't go as planned. - Be flexible and willing to adjust your itinerary or make extra stops if needed to accommodate your children's needs. Driving with children doesn't have to be stressful. By planning ahead, packing wisely, prioritizing safety, and keeping kids entertained and engaged, you can turn your family road trip into a memorable adventure for all the right reasons. So buckle up, hit the road, and get ready to create lasting memories with your little ones.
Health and Social Care Committee Oral evidence: Assisted dying/assisted suicide, HC 711 Tuesday 4 July 2023 Ordered by the House of Commons to be published on 4 July 2023. Members present: Steve Brine (Chair); Paul Blomfield; Chris Green; Rachael Maskell; James Morris. Questions 237 - 300 I: Dr Paul Perkins, Chief Medical Director, Sue Ryder; Dr Matthew Doré, Honorary Secretary, Association for Palliative Medicine of Great Britain and Ireland; and Jonathan Ellis, Director of Policy, Advocacy & Clinical Programmes, Hospice UK. II: Helen Whately MP, Minister of State, Department of Health and Social Care; and Professor Stephen Powis, National Medical Director, NHS England. Witnesses: Dr Perkins, Dr Doré and Jonathan Ellis. Q237 Chair: Good morning. This is the Health and Social Care Committee live from the Palace of Westminster in London and our fifth oral evidence session for our assisted dying/assisted suicide inquiry, which, as our guests and viewers will know, is of huge interest. There is huge public interest and huge parliamentary interest. This morning we are looking at the provision of, and access to, palliative and end of life care in England. When we move on to our second panel at about 10.45, we will hear from the Minister and NHS England's national medical director. Before that we have Dr Paul Perkins, who is the chief medical director at Sue Ryder; Dr Matthew Doré, who is honorary secretary at the Association for Palliative Medicine of Great Britain and Ireland; and Jonathan Ellis, the director of policy, advocacy and clinical programmes at Hospice UK. Thank you very much for joining us. We are grateful to you for giving up your time. I am sure you are aware of how much work we have already done on this inquiry. You have seen some of the coverage of it. You may even have read some of the transcripts from the evidence sessions that we have had here. We have also visited the United States. We have been to Oregon, the first state in the US that legalised medically assisted dying. What we want to explore with you is end of life medicine. Mr Ellis, where would you rate palliative care in England today if you had to land it somewhere between nought to 10? Would you say that it is higher than five or lower than five? Where would you land it? Jonathan Ellis: That is a very good question. I think I would land it higher than five, certainly. Internationally, the UK is frequently rated as among the best in the world in its provision of palliative and end of life care. However, that is not to say that everything is perfect. We know that there are huge inequalities. There are huge gaps and unmet needs that exist within our communities. The one thing that we cannot do is be complacent about the quality and availability of that provision. Q238 Chair: Dr Doré, where would you land it? Would you say that we are in a good place in England? Dr Doré: Historically, we have a very good history of it, but I do not think we are in a good place. We have a population in England and Wales of 58 million; that is 10 million who are over 65 and it is going to increase to 16 million by 2037 according to ONS figures. That is going to be a 60% increase in workload, essentially, to transfer to palliative care. We have evidence from Fliss Murtagh's paper showing that 69% to 82% of patients are going to need specialist palliative care. We have a diminishing workforce who are really struggling. On top of that, it is predominantly funded by the charitable sector. One third is commissioned by the state; two thirds, as my esteemed colleague from Sue Ryder will say, is charitably funded. By the way, the workforce report just last week does not even mention the charitable medical workforce at all. We have acceptance of a charitably funded sector that is going to breed an element of inequality because it is charitably funded. It is feeding for its charitable donations as opposed to a state funded-system, which I think we all really want. Q239 Chair: Following that, to what extent do you feel—or maybe you don't—that it is not in a very good place, to quote you? To what extent do you feel that that drives the agenda of those who would like to see a change in the law around medically assisted dying? Dr Doré: It is bonkers that we are talking about having an assisted dying/assisted suicide Bill that would be 100% commissioned and funded by the NHS when we leave the palliative care sector to be funded by the charitable sector. That is the state essentially endorsing death while not funding and paying for palliative care. To phrase it another way, I think the main proponents of this are regarding choice: my body, my choice. I know that you know the law a lot better than I do, but my understanding of the law is that there is individual autonomy versus public safety. For example, when I flew here I could not open the door to the aeroplane. I cannot choose to do that because it kills everyone else. That is the same reason why we have speed limits. We have a 30 mph speed limit because it is the individual autonomy of driving a car versus public safety in the street. If you are driving at 100 mph, you get arrested because you are a risk to other people. The main argument I would put forward to the esteemed Committee regarding assisted dying/assisted suicide is that it is a public safety issue. If you legalise it, you risk the wider majority of the population. If it pleases you guys, I would love to bring the historical precedence behind that. The historical precedence, I believe, is in capital punishment. As you know, that was abolished in 1973 based on the fact that there were errors. We hung people who were subsequently proved to be innocent. That was with a full judicial process. There were judges, juries and beyond reasonable doubt and months of deliberation. Despite that we got it wrong. What we are talking about here is two doctors making that choice so many weeks apart—two doctors who do not have access to all the things that judges and juries have to make their decision. You could say that it is their choice, but diagnosis is uncertain. We have a spate of MND diagnoses that are wrong. Prognosis, as is very well documented, is uncertain. Autonomy is relational; it is who you have around you. We know that one in five have hidden elder abuse. We know these numbers. Essentially, we have a situation in which you are going to advocate, and there will be, incorrect deaths. My question to you guys is: how many incorrect deaths justify the fact of the right to pre-emptively kill yourself early? The APM position, by the way, is that we are against this in healthcare, and certainly in palliative care. Q240 Chair: Thank you for that. Dr Perkins, can we hear from you finally in these opening exchanges? By all means tell us whether you think we are in a good place, a bad place or a middling place, but to what extent is it just a moral question that people do not wish to extend their life or extend into palliative care? They wish to exercise the choice to find the exit door. We have heard from plenty of people who have said that to us. In our roundtables and anecdotally talking to constituents, I have heard that said to me many times. To what extent is good or bad palliative care driving this debate? Dr Perkins: I work for Sue Ryder. We are a national charity. We have seven specialist palliative care centres, four neurological centres and a national bereavement service. We are not campaigning for or against assisted dying. We are passionate about good palliative care for patients and their families. It is such an important time in people's lives. As for giving a score as a nation, I think it depends where you are. If you are lucky enough to be in a hospice, it is a nine. The care is fantastic. The CQC ratings for hospices are very good. If you are in some parts of the country or in some hospitals, you are going to get a low score. The care is patchy. One of the big stresses for patients and families is in the middle of the night when they have pain and are distressed. They call for a district nurse and for advice. In Marie Curie research last year 27% of the country does not have a dedicated advice line, where you can get through to someone sensible. You end up calling 111 perhaps and an ambulance comes and takes someone to A&E. Then someone ends up dying in A&E, which is not what you want. I can tell you a story about my mother. My mother died of covid and dementia in a care home. A couple of years before she died, she fell and banged her head. The care home rang me and said, "She is on blood-thinning medication, she has banged her head and has to go to hospital." My mum was a very clever woman. She was a headmistress and had been a teacher. She would have hated anything to extend her life. She would not want to go to hospital. I said to the care home, "Please don't take her to hospital." They said, "No, we have to." I spoke to the paramedics and said, "Please don't take her to hospital." They said, "No, we have to." I called the on-call GP and said, "Please don't take her to hospital." He said, "No, we have to." I said, "I am a palliative care consultant. Please. I am advising people about these kinds of things all the time." He said, "It's not a palliative care case." We have to do so much better at educating people about palliative care and end of life issues. I knew that if my mum went to hospital and had a head scan, even if there was a bleed, there was no way a neurosurgeon was going to do anything about it. It was completely pointless. Palliative care improves people's quality of life and can stop pointless interventions like that happening, if we were just better resourced. Chair: Fascinating. I wish you would all say what you think. Thank you. Those were really good opening exchanges. I will bring in Chris Green. Q241 Chris Green: Mr Ellis, most funding for hospices comes from charity donations rather than national health service commissioning. Do you think that the current balance is right? I think about a third comes from the national health service. Can you also comment on the patchy nature around the United Kingdom of hospice coverage? Jonathan Ellis: Absolutely. I would say very simply, no, I don't think the mix is right. Hospices, as Dr Doré said, rely on charity donations for the vast majority of the care that they provide—fun runs, charity fundraising and bake sales to fund what, in any reasonable perspective, is a core healthcare service. It is care for some of the most vulnerable people at the most vulnerable point in their life. Q242 Chris Green: If it is not a third or thereabouts, what should it be? Jonathan Ellis: The right question to ask is, what is the mix of services that we need to meet the needs in the population? Most people who die each year will never come anywhere near a specialist palliative care service for lots of different reasons. Most people who die will be supported by their GP, by private care, by their family or by their loved ones. They are very often the people who miss out on expert intervention and could benefit hugely from that expert intervention. I believe that what we need to do is increase the size of the pie that is available to meet those needs in our populations. I point to this example. Picture a person with complex palliative care needs. There is a fundamental inequality at the moment. How that care is resourced depends entirely on where that person happens to be. If the person is receiving their care in a hospital bed, of course it is 100% funded through our taxpayer-funded healthcare system. If that person happens to be receiving their care in a care home bed and has assets, the chances are that they will probably have to sell their home to pay for that care. If they are receiving their care in a hospice bed or in a hospice-at-home service, they are reliant on charitable giving. There is a much bigger question about the priority that we, as a health and care system, are placing on an essential and core part of the health and care service. Q243 Chris Green: When I talk to local hospices near me, they quite like their independence. If they were wholly or largely run by or funded by the national health service, they feel that they would be more restricted in what they could do and how they would operate. How important do you think those concerns are? Jonathan Ellis: That is a very understandable perspective. There is enormous benefit and value from the charitable contribution. There is the ability to innovate and experiment. In fact, the whole basis of the hospice model when it was first envisaged by Dame Cecily Saunders, the founder of the modern hospice movement, was to fix dying outside the NHS and then put it back. The bit we have never done is the putting back and the mainstreaming of good care at the end of life throughout the health and care system. Q244 Chris Green: What is your understanding at the moment? We have the integrated care system and the integrated care boards. With the hospice movement not being part of the national health service, and with funding pressures on the national health service, the systems do not quite recognise or support the hospices because they are going to look after themselves—the NHS—before they look after those guys over there. Jonathan Ellis: That is a characterisation I would definitely recognise. There is enormous variation around the country in the priority that is given to hospice and palliative care in integrated care boards, and the resources that are therefore made available. As Dr Doré mentioned, we had the workforce plan published last week. It spoke exclusively about the NHS workforce and completely ignored the enormous workforce that exists in the voluntary sector, particularly in voluntary hospices, who are an essential part of helping the NHS deliver the very best care in those communities. There is enormous variation among integrated care boards. There is enormously variable commissioning quality by the NHS of hospice services. I think there is much more that we need to see Government do to reduce those inequalities and to mainstream hospice and palliative care services. Q245 Chris Green: Can I ask Dr Doré and then Dr Perkins briefly about the relationship between the hospice movement and the national health service. Should it be closer? Should it be more integrated? Do you see any dangers with that? Dr Doré: It should be more integrated. There should be more money poured into it. If you think about it logically, we fund birth in the NHS. We fund loads of things that not everyone gets. Not everyone gets an eye problem—ophthalmology—and not everyone gets diabetes, but this is tax and dying; everyone dies. Why are we ignoring that area? I know it is a difficult area to talk about but, yes, it is fundamentally part of life. Dr Perkins: I have a comment about ICBs and funding. Our experience of ICBs is that they have reduced uplifts that were promised. They have converted money from last year into a down payment for this year, or they have not increased funding for Sue Ryder hospices. Integration with the NHS is crucial, but I am constantly surprised that as a society it is okay for us to have to sell second-hand cardigans to be able to look after seriously ill people. If people thought that you had to sell second-hand cardigans for their cancer surgery, I don't think that would be acceptable, but for some reason it is okay. Q246 Chair: This is fascinating. Several of you have made the point about the charity workforce being completely absent from the workforce plan. When it came out last Friday, did you Ctrl-F and search the words to see whether it was in there? Was Hospice UK consulted in the preparation of the workforce plan? It has had a very long gestation, as you know, and it has been very much the NHS's plan. Maybe that is the problem, because you are not in the NHS. Did you find yourself consulted on it? Jonathan Ellis: We certainly had some very positive conversations with officials who were working on the development of the plan. Chair, you are right that the difficulty is that it was always envisaged as a plan for the NHS workforce, but the workforce who are providing not just palliative and end of life care but health and care across our communities is much more varied. We have 40,000 nurses working in hospice services. We have staff working in care homes and in community services. All of these people are providing essential support to care for people at the end of life. The absence of recognition of those is a very serious problem when we are also facing exactly the same workforce pressures. Q247 Chair: They are part of the ecosystem, aren't they? Jonathan Ellis: Absolutely. Q248 Chair: Following Mr Green's point about the hospices movement having a view on state funding, I know that the air ambulance sector would say that they cherish their independence from state funding, because it can be very unreliable. I know that part of the sector likes that, but that is not to say they do not want certainty for the portion that they do get. This Committee has pushed the Secretary of State very hard on the children's hospice grant, which I am sure you know has been a point of contest over recent weeks. We are still concerned about where it is going to be distributed through ICBs. Dr Perkins: It is a constant stressor for the hospice sector. How do we keep funding our staff? How do we keep looking after patients and families? While there might be some hospices in some parts of the country where they are able to raise much more money—perhaps they have a better-off population—for a lot of the sector it is a constant stressor. Unless hospices are better supported, you will get hospices shutting. Chair: This is a great start. Thank you for that. Q249 Rachael Maskell: Thank you for being here this morning. I have a few questions that have emerged during the inquiry, and some that I have personally around dealing with difficult deaths. We have often heard throughout the inquiry that palliative care can be the solve-all, but also cannot be the solve-all. I want to delve into that a little bit more. Can palliative care prevent all suffering at the end of life? Where are its limitations? Dr Perkins: We would sit here sounding incredibly arrogant if we were saying that we could get rid of all suffering. Even when you have a patient who says they are very comfortable and their symptoms are well controlled, they are still leaving the people they love. Nothing that we can do in medicine is going to change that. Our job is about making deaths as good as they can be and supporting families into bereavement. I have been a consultant for a long time, and I have looked after lots of patients. Sometimes I will be looking after people who have what I would consider intolerable symptoms, but they do not feel like that. They want to carry on and have more treatment. I see other people whose symptoms really are not that bad, in my view—who knows how I am going to feel when I am the one in that bed?—yet for them their life is intolerable, and they would like it to be ended. Q250 Rachael Maskell: Jonathan Ellis. Jonathan Ellis: There is quite a helpful concept in hospice and palliative care of total pain, recognising that pain is much more than physical. It can be physical, social, psychological or spiritual. I completely agree with Dr Perkins that it would be totally inappropriate for us to suggest or even imply that hospice and palliative care services can somehow address all pain in all circumstances. For me, the basic fact that we have so many people currently who are entirely missing out on interventions that can help improve their quality of life, and hopefully their quality of death, is a very big problem that we need to solve. Q251 Rachael Maskell: Dr Doré, going through some of the scenarios that have been put to us at our roundtables and in our inquiry, people have raised their fear of pain or of vomiting, perhaps vomiting faeces or blood. We have also had mental anxiety raised. First, can these be avoided? Secondly, where is the research and funding needed around palliative care to provide even better outcomes? Dr Doré: I will address the word "suffering" first. The pretext of that question is not killing the sufferer. It is like taking this room and saying, "I don't want it green," so you knock it down rather than repainting it. There is a pretext in the question that alleviating suffering is helping the sufferer. There are more than just physical symptoms. By and large, physical symptoms are almost predominantly controlled. It is the wider stuff—the social, psychological and spiritual aspects—which is much more distressing and harder. The undercurrent of what you are asking is whether assisted suicide could alleviate those things and act as a pretext along with palliative care. I would strongly advocate no within healthcare, because the ethoses contradict. The ethos of palliative care through alleviating suffering is that you imbue a value and worth and safety upon that person. That is what people say when they come into the hospice. They say, "I feel safe." We imbue that value. That is what Cecily Saunders was talking about when she said, "Make you as much you as possible." It is doing that. There could be a whisper in someone's ear that maybe it is not worth living or, "What value are you bringing to this family?", which is what has happened in MAID in Canada, as we have seen. There are the social circumstances. They cannot get a chair lift. There are disabilities. "You're not worth it." The contradiction of the ethos is there. What happens then is that palliative care becomes subservient to assisted suicide and the ethos. It shrinks or certainly stays stagnant where it is. By the way, although there is no normal suicide, non-assisted suicide either stays the same or goes up. In Oregon it increased by 20% to 30% because you have imbued in the culture—as a correlation rather than causation—that there are circumstances in which it is not worth living. My question to you is: where does suicide prevention begin and promoting suicide end? That is the situation you have. To answer your original question very specifically, there are bad deaths. Anecdotally, the poor deaths I see are the people who want to live; they have young children, and they want to live. They are not the ones who would request this legislation. Q252 Rachael Maskell: I want to move on. You mentioned Canada and their assisted suicide/assisted dying. They are moving to look at mental health as well. We know that many people experience extreme mental anxiety. What provision could palliative care provide for people in that mental state, where they are determined to take the course of suicide, as opposed to providing that value, worth and safety ethos in wider healthcare? Dr Doré: My answer is, yes, to prevent that is exactly that—to imbue the value that you are important. It is to imbue safety; "Come here, we will look after you." We have spent 50 years trying to remove the misconception that we bump people off—that we kill people in palliative care. It does not happen. People are afraid to go into a hospice because of the lingering thought that you go in and you do not come out. That is not true. There is a 50% discharge. To go back to your original question, depression is awful. It is a proper, clinical diagnosis along with all the other mental disorders. How do you prevent it? Proper psychological and psychiatry support, drugs of course, but also imbuing that culture. You must know that laws are more than just rules. They send cultural messages. That is what I am trying to imbue: safety, value and suicide prevention. Q253 Rachael Maskell: Dr Perkins, I said to my constituent that I would ask our panel on palliative care this question. Their mother had CJD. As a result of that, she lost all communication, mobility and the ability to eat or drink. She was being supported with food and fluid. That food and fluid was withdrawn. Clearly, it was a very difficult process as they waited for their mother to die. Is the withdrawal of food and fluid appropriate? It is seen as withdrawal of treatment, but it can be incredibly difficult to witness, and indeed for the patient. Is that really within the sphere of the values that we have just been talking about? Dr Perkins: I have looked after patients with that condition and supported families. It is a horrible illness, yes. Our job is to do the best for patients and families within a moral and ethical framework. You have to work out what is in a patient's best interests. I am guessing that that patient did not have capacity, so I would talk to the family about what they think the patient would want us to do in that position. The Mental Capacity Act is clear that you have to continue to offer food and fluid, but giving artificial hydration is a medical intervention and it can legally be withdrawn. What is very important when you are talking to families is saying, "This is a medical decision." You do not want families feeling guilty that they are the ones having to make the decision. It is a medical decision, "but it would be very helpful to know from you what you think your loved one would want." If they were to say, "I don't think that my loved one would want this life prolonged assiduously," you might consider withdrawing hydration. You mentioned research. We are a centre for a randomised control trial at the moment looking at the role of hydration at the end of life. It is a very important issue for families. They worry whether a patient should have a drip or not have a drip. That is a really important question for us to answer. Hopefully, in the next year or two, we will know whether drips, subcutaneous or intravenously, lead to people being more or less comfortable. Q254 Rachael Maskell: I have a final question for Jonathan Ellis. One of the things that I have witnessed as a clinician is the process of death. How does ensuring that people have good palliative care—we have heard the values of that—help families with the bereavement process, as opposed to what we have perhaps witnessed with a disruption in the life process, through assisted dying/assisted suicide? Jonathan Ellis: I think families and the people important to a patient are just as important in hospice and palliative care as the patient themselves. The support that is provided to loved ones is absolutely central, whether that is pre-bereavement support, helping people to prepare for the fact that the person who is so important to them is going to die, or providing the very best quality of care to the patient themselves. It is a very holistic and people-centred approach. It is talking to people and the people who are important to them. As Dr Perkins says, it is listening to what is important to them and then doing our very best to achieve that. Q255 Rachael Maskell: Dr Perkins or Dr Doré, do you have anything to add to that? Surely death is a process and not an event in that context. Dr Doré: It definitely is a process. I guess the palliative care ethos is living until you die. Our role is to let nature take its course, but control what nature throws at us. When we are withdrawing treatment, we are returning to the natural course of events. You have a legal right to withdraw anything. Food and drink are slightly different. I have never actually seen it, despite quite a lot of years doing this. As a human right, we never stop it being available. In terms of withdrawing treatment such as chemotherapy or even antibiotics, you cannot go to the doctor and demand antibiotics. It is a clinical decision. As in my earlier analogy, it is your up to 30 mph speed limit. You can withdraw any treatment. If you don't want chemo, you don't have it. There are many advocates of assisted suicide who have had the opportunity to withdraw treatment but have not done so and wanted someone to actively kill them. It is not illegal to die. No one is forcing treatment on you. In terms of research, there is research for specialist palliative care. Temel and Biddle are fantastic papers. They show that palliative care, although that is not our aim, extends life, reduces hospital admissions and increases the quality of life. I am sure that you have the data there. It is very clear. Q256 Rachael Maskell: Finally, Dr Perkins. Dr Perkins: I have listened to the evidence all through the sessions. It is fascinating, and I would not like to be in your shoes having to make these decisions about how the law is going to change, but there are some things that I think should be said. There is the emphasis that palliative care is all about people who are dying. We are about life. We are about helping patients to have the best quality of life possible until they die, and supporting their families. The WHO definition is about life-threatening illnesses. Palliative care can be needed early in someone's illness. You do not need to be dying to need palliative care. It is a cause of great distress to me and my colleagues when we see patients who absolutely need to be in the hospice, but will not come in because they are so afraid of what it is going to be like. When we do persuade them to come in they say, "Oh, this is so much better than I thought it was going to be. I wish I had come here sooner." We have patients who will not see my community colleagues because they are so scared of what palliative care means. We know that the palliative care clinicians will be able to help their symptoms and give them a better quality of life. As Dr Doré said—this is really important—everyone thinks that the only way out of a hospice is in a box. Just under half the patients who come into my hospice in Cheltenham go home or to a care home, and the average length of stay is 10 days. We need to try to improve death literacy. People do not know as much as they should about facing illnesses and the fact that we are all going to die. Q257 Chair: It is interesting. We spoke to the Canadians online as one of our sessions. I don't know if you saw that session. Professor Dugdale spoke to us. Which one of you would like to respond to what she said? I am going to quote it. "There are so many stories coming out of Canada right now. It has made me become more vocal on the subject. Many colleagues in Canada say that it used to be that if a patient said, 'Doc, I just don't want to go on any more,' you would then sit down with the patient and say, 'What do you mean you don't want to go on any more? Do you want to be discharged? You don't want more cancer treatment? What do you mean by that? Are you depressed? Do we need to get a psychiatrist in here? What is going on?' Now there is almost a reflex, 'Let's just call the MAID team.'" MAID stands for medically assisted dying. What would be your response to that, Mr Ellis? Jonathan Ellis: I think there are some lessons from history in this country that we can look to for some of the things that we will need to be very cautious about. If you recall, when the Liverpool care pathway was first introduced it was designed to be a mechanism by which we could improve the quality of end of life care given to people outside specialist palliative care settings, particularly in hospitals. It went wrong because the investment was not made in the workforce. The investment was not made in supporting staff, clinical teams or the people working in high-pressure environments in hospitals or, to Dr Perkins's point, in educating the death literacy of the wider population. It inevitably became a very destructive and very damaging tick-box exercise. We can look at the history in this country for some of the things that we will need to consider very cautiously and carefully in terms of unintended consequences, potentially, of making any change in this very sensitive area of health policy. Q258 Chair: Dr Doré, do you recognise that quote? Dr Doré: Yes. I think of the DNACPR scandal during covid, which we are going to hear about in the inquiry. The Mental Capacity Act has not been fully implemented yet. We know about elder abuse. I wish I did not have to state this, but I think there will be a governmental apology in Canada in years to come regarding this. There is a massive scandal coming our way. I find it terrifying, to be honest with you. It is recurrent. If you make assisted suicide a medical treatment, the arguments of equality break through. All the safeguards subsequently become potential things to slide. If it is a medical treatment, why are you denying a medical treatment to a 17-year-old as opposed to an 18-year-old? Why are you not offering a medical treatment to someone who does not have a life-limiting condition? Why are you not offering a medical treatment to someone who does not have capacity? All of the supposed safeguards potentially become easily surmountable barriers in legislation. They break down. That is what happens on the basis of equality of access to a medical treatment. Q259 James Morris: A previous incarnation of this Committee, back in 2004, said that health inequalities in this area "are compounded in that services are disproportionately needed in areas of so-called deprivation and disproportionately present in areas of social affluence." That was back in 2004. Has anything changed in the last 20 years? Dr Perkins: I think that we need the commissioners to step up and commission the services where they are needed. I am very proud of some of the work we have done at Sue Ryder. We have an innovative project in our hospice in Peterborough. We talked to members of the local community about our services and learnt about what they need. We are trying to improve some of the death literacy. For example, those communities did not realise that we had services that came out of the hospice and were able to give hospice at home to people. We are now going to replicate that across all our centres. It is beholden on us as hospices to try to get our message across better to communities, but, as was mentioned earlier about some hospices that perhaps do not need NHS funding, these will be in affluent places. So often charities have popped up because affluent people have said, "Oh, we could do with one of those." Where you need them are in places with less resource. Q260 James Morris: Mr Ellis. Jonathan Ellis: There are enormous structural inequalities in the way that hospice and palliative care is provided and organised, in exactly the same way as there are inequalities in the wider health and care system. We can look at geographical inequalities—the inverse care law principle, that those with the greatest need are the ones who will least likely access it. There are also diagnostic inequalities. We know that it is still the case that people with a non-malignant condition are less likely to access specialist palliative care, regardless of the level of their need. We know that there are inequalities in patient characteristics. Some of the most excluded communities in society generally are also some of the most excluded communities in access to hospice and palliative care. The fundamental core responsibility of integrated care boards, given their legal duty to provide a comprehensive healthcare system across their population, is to recognise and take active steps to address those inequalities not just in relation to hospice and palliative care but across the wider health and care system. I see within the hospice care system enormous efforts being made to proactively address inequalities in the system. Q261 James Morris: On the point you made about integrated care boards, have you as a sector had a voice on your integrated care board in putting the case? Jonathan Ellis: It is a very mixed picture. I certainly know of hospices that are very well connected and well integrated into their local ICB system. There are others that find it very difficult to get palliative and end of life care on to the agenda and have a voice in those conversations. There is a huge opportunity with the new duty that the Health and Care Act introduced to ICBs in their responsibility around meeting palliative care needs within their population to really ensure that that is happening. One of the questions in urgent need of an answer is, "What is the mechanism by which we will ensure that that is being delivered?" Q262 James Morris: Dr Doré. Dr Doré: The Health and Care Bill, with Baroness Finlay's amendment, does not say "specialist palliative care" but "palliative care". One of the questions was generalist versus specialist palliative care. I want to address that, if that is okay. This is a model throughout medicine. A cardiologist specialises in the heart and GPs are not generalists in cardiology. No one calls them that; they call them generalists. For some reason we make the distinction in palliative care between specialist palliative care and generalist palliative care, when actually that model is ubiquitous across the entirety of the health service. You need both. By gum, there should be more funding for primary care—for the district nurses and GPs—but that does not replace the need, and I would not be doing my job if I did not say this, for specialist palliative care. As I said, Fliss Murtagh's paper shows that the need for specialist palliative care is really high, in conjunction with the generalists. The generalists—the GPs—do the antihypertensors; they do the blood pressure tablets, but when something goes wrong they refer to the cardiologist. It is the same with palliative care. ICBs just funding GPs doing palliative care does not solve the problem. Q263 James Morris: I think this has been mentioned in exchanges already. When we went to Oregon, those who had been promoting the change to the law in Oregon made the suggestion that since the introduction of assisted dying in Oregon, palliative care had improved. There had been a correlation between offering assisted dying and an improved palliative care system. What do you make of that assertion, Dr Perkins? Dr Perkins: I have no reason to disbelieve the evidence you were given. Anything that helps palliative care improve in this country is great. My concern would be, if we look at the Association of Palliative Medicine evidence and the Royal College of Physicians' surveys of people who work in palliative medicine, that the palliative medicine workforce in this country are not in favour of assisted dying. It may be difficult to find people in palliative medicine who want to work alongside that system. We already have a problem with staffing in our hospices with the funding, as we have discussed already. You may find that you have people who are leaving the specialty if the law changes, unless it is completely detached from medicine altogether. Q264 James Morris: Mr Ellis. Jonathan Ellis: I am no expert on the situation in Oregon. For me, the most important question is what the measure or metric is for improving palliative and end of life care. Is it about access? Is it about quality? Is it about sustainability and cost, or the complex interplay of those three things? The most important test for me is whether it is delivering more care to more people. Are more people getting access to the care and support that they need? Q265 James Morris: Dr Doré, is it possible that the reason why, in this country, people are advocating a change in the law is, in a sense—exploiting is probably not the right word—a reflection of the fact that the palliative care system is still very fragmented? We have talked about regional inequalities and access. For people who want to advocate a change in the law, this gives them an opportunity to do so. If we had a palliative care system that was perfect, where there weren't regional inequalities, where there weren't access problems to palliative care and where there was a respect for the values that you described, and that the NHS was commissioning services appropriately, there would not be a space for the advocacy of assisted dying. That is just a hypothesis. Dr Doré: The reason there is inequality is essentially because of the funding model we have, which we have discussed. It is the one third, two thirds thing. Whether it would remove the speculative requirement and people advocating it, my guess would be no. Why do people want assisted suicide? That is the very fundamental question. Interestingly, in all the jurisdictions, including Oregon, there is no follow-up or monitoring of the decision in the room pre-death. There is some monitoring. It is inadequate post death. There is no "why". I mean that. "Why is that person requesting this?" You are quite right that we kind of know some of those things. If we are talking about Oregon, 54% think that they are a burden; 7% have financial concerns and less than 30% are concerned about pain. It is not that they have pain. We don't know; it does not differentiate. If 54% of people believe themselves to be a burden, imagine the scenario, which I believe has happened in Canada. An elderly lady does not want to go to a nursing home. Rather than pay for the nursing home through their house, they want to give their house to the kids. There is an internal motivation to get assisted suicide because they want to give it to their kids. Is that the society we want? Chair: We are running a little bit late. The Minister is waiting outside, but we will finish with Paul in the next 10 minutes and then move to the next panel. Q266 Paul Blomfield: Following on from that point, Dr Doré, you acknowledged that a minority of people in palliative care nevertheless have a bad death. We talked earlier about what that bad death might look like. Rachael mentioned pain, acute nausea, terminal haemorrhaging, fungating wounds and people drowning through fluids produced in their own lungs. Do you think that might be a factor in people wanting to end their lives earlier? Dr Doré: When I think of older people who have asked me for assisted suicide, and they have, they are worried about those things. It is not an actuality. They are fearful of those things. Q267 Paul Blomfield: You say it is not an actuality. Are you saying that nobody suffers those things? Dr Doré: I think those things are very rare. The people who are advocating something pre-emptive are fearful of those things, but that does not mean they are going to happen. For the vast majority of people, when you look at them and care for them, you say, "Look, you are important. I hear you. We are going to address the fear that you have a fungating wound." This is a fear of something or other. We want to work through that. You say, "Look, let's work through it." The desire for assisted suicide disappears. It is about living, as my colleagues have said, until you die, and letting nature take its course. Q268 Paul Blomfield: Do you accept that some people, faced with those, albeit rare, awful outcomes might have different values from yours and might make a different choice? You talk about respect. Shouldn't there be respect for that choice? Dr Doré: My argument against that is that it creates a public safety concern. With all the other aspects of it, as I talked about with the speed limits, how can you safeguard more widely against people like the old lady not wanting to sell her house to facilitate that? We have just heard how poorly funded palliative care is. Q269 Paul Blomfield: I think we all agree with that. Can I ask about safeguards? We talked about the withdrawal of treatment earlier. Your association has guidelines on the withdrawal of assisted ventilation at the request of a patient with motor neurone disease. Those guidelines say that, when evaluating that request, doctors should ensure "there is no coercion, nor is the decision driven by mistaken kindness to the family." Can you explain to me how doctors make that decision? Dr Doré: It is the argument regarding withdrawal of treatment rather than demanding that someone kill you. Withdrawing treatment is the patient's right. Q270 Paul Blomfield: Yes, but I am asking you about the guidelines. You say that there has to be a regulatory framework within which these rights are exercised. You produced those guidelines. They say that doctors need to ensure that there has been "no coercion, nor is the decision driven by mistaken kindness to the family." How do they make that judgment? Dr Doré: I am not aware of those particular guidelines, in all honesty. Q271 Paul Blomfield: They are produced by your association, aren't they? You don't know; fine. Let me move to a different question. We are looking at other jurisdictions, and you have mentioned other jurisdictions. In a previous evidence session about the Netherlands, we were told that 5% of deaths involve euthanasia and 25% of deaths involve palliative sedation. Do you have any data on the number of deaths involving palliative sedation in this country? Dr Doré: I am glad you brought this up. Palliative sedation, as a European term, is very different from what we do in the UK. You are right that there were 44,000 palliative sedations in the Netherlands. That is with the intention of killing, and it is not even monitored. They put you to sleep with unproportional doses. Here, we titrate the doses of medicines to the symptoms. There is a very different ethos behind it, although the terms are the same. Q272 Paul Blomfield: The question though, with respect, is whether you have data on the number of deaths involved in palliative sedation. You have made some assertions, which may or may not be correct. Dr Doré: It doesn't happen, so we don't have data. Q273 Paul Blomfield: That conflicts with evidence we heard earlier in the inquiry. Dr Doré: The words are used in the same way, but the unproportional nature of the drugs in Europe is very different from the practice here. They are very different. Q274 Paul Blomfield: Do you deny the existence of palliative sedation at all in this country? Dr Doré: It depends what definition you are using. If you are using the European definition, where they use unproportional doses, that is not what is happening here. In palliative sedation, where we are titrating to agitation, for the terminal agitated patient, we follow the patient, very closely monitoring and titrating the drug to solve the symptoms. Q275 Paul Blomfield: You have actually moved to the point of my question. Could you talk about what kind of monitoring and oversight there is in that situation where palliative sedation is used? Dr Doré: As in the UK kind of terminal agitation? There are guidelines as well. The PCF is the most commonly used one, where we escalate through the drugs. We go through levomepromazine, midazolam, hyoscine hydrobromide and phenobarbitone. There is an escalation plan proportional to the nature of the symptoms existing. Dr Perkins: Could I add something on that? Paul Blomfield: Of course. Dr Perkins: I think we are in a good position in this country, in that often our teams work as teams. What you do not want is a Shipman scenario, where a single clinician is working and looking after patients. We have teams who peer review what is happening. Also, we have the medical examiner. It is not everywhere yet, but that is an independent scrutiny of death certification and what has happened to a patient before a death has been certified. If we want to start collecting data like that, a good way to do it would be through the medical examiner system. Q276 Paul Blomfield: I have one last question for Mr Ellis. During the inquiry we received evidence that in the absence of safeguarded choice some dying people take matters into their own hands, either by travelling overseas for an assisted death or by ending their own life in this country. Today, actually, is the 12th anniversary of my father doing exactly that. Has Hospice UK been made aware of any cases of dying people ending their own life in hospices? Jonathan Ellis: I am not aware of any instances of that happening. Q277 Paul Blomfield: Do you think it might be worth exploring that further and gathering whether there is that evidence. One of the concerns we are exploring as an inquiry is the absence of choice. We are looking at the safeguards that might be there for a change in the law. The absence of an assisted dying option leads people to take desperate measures. It often leads people to take their life prematurely because they want to exercise control while they still can. Has there been any consideration of that, or do you think it might be worth looking at? Jonathan Ellis: In exploring the safeguards that might be needed if this change was to be made, I think it is fundamental to understand what the nature of those safeguards might be. Q278 Paul Blomfield: And exploring the consequences of there being no change? Jonathan Ellis: Yes, absolutely. That is a very understandable and very legitimate question to ask. Chair: Thank you so much for your time. We really appreciate it. Dr Matthew Doré, Jonathan Ellis and Dr Paul Perkins, thank you. Examination of witnesses Witnesses: Helen Whately and Professor Powis. Q279 Chair: We are talking about assisted dying/assisted suicide. We have been talking to the hospice movement and Sue Ryder in our first panel. Obviously, it is a very challenging and sensitive area of discussion. I am pleased to say that we are now joined by Helen Whately, Minister of State at the Department of Health and Social Care, who is responsible for the area of palliative medicine, and Professor Stephen Powis, the national medical director of NHS England. We have seen him on television a lot in recent days as the NHS workforce plan was published. Thank you both for coming. I am sorry we are a bit late, but we will crack on. Minister, in their submission to the inquiry, Sue Ryder, who were just here, said that demand for palliative care services will rise quite significantly from about 245,000 people in 2021-22 to just under 380,000 in 2030-31. The Association of Palliative Medicine, who were also here, say that access to palliative care is inadequate in England and Wales. As you know, the Health and Care Act 2022 introduced a statutory requirement on our new integrated care boards to provide access to palliative and end of life care. How would you characterise the provision of palliative and end of life care in England today? Helen Whately: Thank you for asking me to come and speak to this session. I welcome having a conversation about such an important topic. Palliative and end of life care is a topic that we do not necessarily talk about enough in a health system which, understandably, is mainly focused on saving people's lives. Actually, experience of death really matters, both for anyone facing death—we know it will come to us all—and for family, friends and loved ones. I feel very strongly about how much that matters, and therefore making sure that we have good palliative and end of life care available to all when they need it. I also take the view that we should try to talk more and have more conversations about end of life and what living well and dying well look like, as a society as well as a system. To answer your question about, essentially, the state of our end of life and palliative care system in England at the moment, I am sure the Committee knows that around half a million people die each year in England, of whom a substantial share but not all will receive palliative and end of life care. The majority of that care is provided by the NHS, but hospices play a really important role in our system. As a country overall, I would say that we have a good story to tell on palliative and end of life care. There are various international surveys and studies that look at how England compares to other countries. We do well, including being first of 81 different countries in a recent study in the Journal of Pain Management. We look to the CQC—the Care Quality Commission—to assure us about the quality of palliative and end of life care. They assess care of the dying as good or outstanding in 88% of settings. Hospices have a 94% rating by the CQC as good or outstanding. If we look at the national audit of care at the end of life for the last year, the vast majority of hospitals—99%—have access to a specialist palliative care team. The majority of that is 24/7, and a significant proportion of that care and support is available face to face; for instance, 74% of families and carers report the care as good, excellent or outstanding. There is a positive story to tell. Against that, not for a minute do I think that is enough. As Minister with oversight for end of life care, the areas of concern would be in variation and inequality of access to care, knowing that potentially more people could benefit from palliative care. As is acknowledged in NHS England's statutory guidance to integrated care boards, there is variation in underserved populations. That is flagged as something to address, including variation in access to care out of hours. These would be my areas for focus. I am sure we will go into this, but there are three ways where I see we will work to make the system better at supporting people. The first is raising the focus in our health system on palliative and end of life care through the statutory duty in the Health and Care Act 2022 and how that passes through to local NHS organisations and integrated care boards in their duties to commission end of life care and address the inequality that I mentioned. Secondly, it is in the approach that NHS England is taking nationally with seven regional strategic clinical leads and clinical networks to raise quality and access and share good practice across end of life care. Thirdly, there is the overall investment we are making in the workforce, particularly the generalist workforce, recognising that most people will be cared for at end of life by their GP, community nurses or staff in the acute trust. Our investment in the workforce is both in skills and confidence in care towards end of life and, as announced in the long-term workforce plan, increasing the numbers in our future healthcare workforce. Q280 Chair: I have here the long-term workforce plan. Our first panel were all saying that it does not mention the charitable workforce. In annex A, which lists the 40 organisations that NHS England worked with in drawing up the workforce plan, there is no mention of the charitable workforce. Was that a mistake? Was it deliberate? What are your reflections on that? Helen Whately: My reflection on the workforce plan overall is that it has set out to model and predict the workforce that we need going out 15 years, which is something that has not been done historically. It is a big step to do that and it is not straightforward by any stretch of the imagination to look at both the scale and the shape of the workforce that the health system will need in the future. Something that is really significant in the long-term workforce plan is the shift in the proportion of the workforce to be in community settings as well as in primary care. That is a really important reflection on the direction of travel of healthcare overall, where we want to care for more people out of hospital, but it is also very relevant to palliative and end of life care, which will be increasingly delivered out of hospital. Community healthcare trusts do very important work on this. During the 15 years' period of the plan, the plan envisages the community workforce doubling and increasing as a proportion of the overall workforce from 30% to 37% of that workforce. I think that is a really significant shift to draw attention to. I recognise that the workforce plan does not go into specific numbers of staff by specialties. That is for future work and a subsequent stage. At the moment, it is about the overall shape and professions. Q281 Chair: That makes sense. Professor Powis, was our first panel accurate in their reading of the workforce plan in terms of it taking account of the charitable sector workforce? Professor Powis: In fact, as you said, Chair, we consulted and worked with a large number of stakeholders, and charities—the Richmond Group, for instance—are listed there. Of course, you can always do more and there are always more people to talk to. As the Minister said, this is the first step. There will be ongoing engagement. It was never intended to go to specialty condition level. This was always going to be a high-level plan at professional group level. I think the point is that by expanding the number of doctors and medical school places, the number of nurses through nurse training and the range of other professionals in the plan, that expansion of the overall workforce will by necessity mean that there will be an expansion of the various specialties that underpin the workforce as a whole. That is the next stage of work. We were very clear to our stakeholders, including the royal colleges, that that would not be in the plan. It will be in the subsequent work and there is a commitment to do that. Obviously, we published the plan last Friday, which was a momentous day for all the reasons that the Minister has mentioned. On Monday—yesterday—we were hard at work on the next phase, which is working on the implementation of it. As I said on Friday, it is a challenge but it will be doable. Of course, the other big commitment—again, an ask from the Treasury but one we support—is to refresh it every two years so that it stays very relevant to advances in medicines and changes in the overall workforce. Chair: I do not want to hog it, so I will bring in colleagues. Rachael Maskell is going to come in now and will probably continue the ICS conversation that I started with the Minister and the support available to them to deliver their new statutory responsibilities. Q282 Rachael Maskell: Minister, we have obviously heard about the workforce plan and the ambition of that. However, palliative care is a very specialist area of medicine which requires specific training as well as skills in not only medicine and nursing but other professions. Will there be an ambition to set out a palliative care plan in the light of what you have already highlighted—the inequalities within the system and many of the challenges which exist in the system? Helen Whately: The approach that we are taking to raise the focus on palliative and end of life care in the system is very much through the structure of integrated care boards, the local NHS organisations and their duty to commission palliative and end of life care. It is really important to me to work with those structures, which we created. The fact that the Health and Care Act spells out specifically the importance of their commissioning palliative and end of life care is very important. There is then NHS England's statutory guidance saying what that duty actually means, including the importance of improving equity of access and outcomes, especially for underserved populations, to palliative and end of life care, and a set of other things for ICBs to focus on, including the workforce, commissioning for all ages and a whole system approach. I draw the Committee's attention to a particular document because it is very important. It is called "Ambitions for Palliative and End of Life Care", and is known as the ambitions framework. It is a really good document that involved 34 organisations which came together to set out what we want from our palliative and end of life care system. That is one of the things for ICBs to draw on as they commission as well. As of last week, ICBs were submitting their joint forward strategic plans setting out how they are going to commission to meet their statutory duties, including palliative care. NHS England is now doing the work of going through those plans and being assured that they will meet those statutory duties. I see the role of ICBs as really important in addressing variation and making sure that our communities have the palliative and end of life care that they need, supported by the work that NHS England is doing with the seven regional clinical leads. On the training side, coming to your angle about the workforce question, steps are already being taken to raise skills in palliative and end of life care, recognising its importance. You have both the specialist and the generalist workforce in this. You have a specialist workforce of over 700 doctors, of whom around 400 are consultants who are specialists in palliative and end of life medicine. You have nurses who are trained with a special interest in palliative and end of life care. There is also the generalist workforce where, for instance, palliative and end of life care is included in the curriculum for GP trainees and nurses. Last year, Health Education England launched an e-learning module available to a very wide workforce, including social care and the voluntary sector, to raise skills more widely in palliative and end of life care. It is very important to recognise the need for the generalist workforce to be confident in supporting people towards the end of their life, crucially supported by a specialist workforce as well. Q283 Rachael Maskell: Thank you. I hope you listened to the previous session we held. You would have heard a very different perspective from the palliative care specialists we had before us in that evidence session. I hope there will be much learning from that session about how that perspective should move forward, because palliative care is very poorly understood. It reflects more your comments than the reality of what is required within palliative care medicine, moving forwards. I think there is a lot of learning for Government. I would be interested, Professor Powis, in your setting out how you go about this huge gap of understanding between what is required and how we have a premium palliative care service and the paucity of service we have today, albeit one of the best in the world, but it still has a long way to travel. Professor Powis: Obviously, the Minister has outlined some of the steps that we are taking. The first thing to say is that we welcome being here today. Palliative and end of life care is a real focus of the work at NHS England. There is a real commitment to improve access and the quality of provision. Clearly, it is something that we do not do alone. As you know, we work in partnership, as do ICBs obviously, with the voluntary sector. That will continue. The Minister has highlighted some of the things that we have been doing, even before the recent Act, which put this on a statutory footing. We have had a five-year framework which we developed in partnership with the national palliative and end of life care partnership. We have issued statutory guidance, which has already been mentioned, to integrated care boards. We have seven strategic clinical networks as part of end of life care that are supporting ICBs. As the Minister just said, we have asked all 42 ICBs to submit their forward-looking plans for the provision and commissioning of palliative and end of life care. I can confirm that all 42 have indeed submitted. The deadline was the end of last week. Clearly, we have not had time to go through them in detail, so I cannot give you a sense of what is in there. Helen Whately: There will be a specific focus on palliative care within that. Professor Powis: Yes, but I expect there will be variation in those plans. That is the first thing to say. Obviously, the purpose of getting those plans in is to look at the strength of the plans and the variation, and to provide support to those ICBs that we feel are further behind on it. There is a lot that we are doing. Unfortunately, I cannot give you the granular detail of those plans yet, but I would be very happy to do so once we have had the chance to analyse them. Q284 Rachael Maskell: A last question from me. ICBs had to make efficiency savings, or cuts, in their budget. We heard powerfully earlier that the way we are funding palliative care is by selling second-hand cardigans, as opposed to really investing in the end of life process. What steps is the Department taking to look at how we fund? It is not just passing it over to ICBs because this is talking about a new responsibility of properly funding palliative care across the service. Helen Whately: If you look at our funding for the health system as a whole, there is no question: we are making hugely substantial investments in our national health service. This year the budget for the NHS is over £150 billion. That is a 20% increase in cash terms since 2019 and a 13% increase in real terms. The autumn statement— Q285 Rachael Maskell: Could you just focus on the hospice situation? Helen Whately: I will come down to that. That is the funding that is then distributed to our integrated care boards, who then commission services to meet the needs of their population. We have set up a system where we have 42 local NHS organisations that have the responsibility of understanding the health needs of their populations, using resources to support that. I think that is a really important structure. It is early days for that structure. We have had conversations about that before, but we will do our best to support the structure to succeed. ICBs also clearly have the statutory duty to commission palliative and end of life care. That is the funding flow. The majority of palliative and end of life care is provided by NHS organisations. Hospices play an important part. We estimate that around £6 billion a year is spent by the NHS on palliative and end of life care. Hospice UK tells us that the hospice budget is around £1.6 billion a year. That gives you some sense of the quantum of funding going into palliative and end of life care across the NHS and hospices. As I say, I think a substantial amount of funding is going into the national health service and it has been increasing. In the autumn statement the NHS got an extra £3.3 billion for this year and the next to support funding the growing costs of healthcare. That in turn goes to ICBs for them to then meet the needs of their population. The majority of that palliative care will be met through NHS organisations. Hospices often also have a relationship with the local NHS, and some care is commissioned for hospices to provide. It is funded that way through the NHS. I would say it is a strength of our system that hospices also fundraise and are hugely valued by their local communities. That also provides some funding to enable some of the truly phenomenal palliative and end of life care that hospices provide. I have experienced it through my family, and I have visited hospices as well. I see what they do, and it is fabulous. It is a strength of our model that we have hospices doing this fantastic job alongside the NHS playing its part in end of life and palliative care. Q286 Rachael Maskell: That does not really answer my question. Again, I respectfully ask you to listen to the session earlier. Many of the challenges in the system are because of that funding model and what you have described, as opposed to really putting up front the importance of palliative care, who delivers it and how it is delivered. Continuing that model, we know that several hospices are already under significant financial stress. Indeed, we heard in the earlier evidence session that they may have to close. There has to be another approach if value is placed on palliative care and those statutory duties can be fulfilled. Professor Powis: There is the £2.4 billion of extra funding that was announced on Friday as part of the long-term workforce plan. Of course, the staff of the NHS and other organisations are fundamental to delivering end of life and palliative care. That expansion in the workforce, as I said earlier, will have a beneficial effect over time. On the particular point of next steps, the final chapter of the long-term workforce plan is the "Next steps" chapter. Paragraph 21 gives a specific commitment to working "with system leaders, employers and stakeholders…to gather better data on specialist staff and establish clearer demand signals" around particular specialties. We have that commitment to working at a more granular level, including with the palliative care sector, on understanding the specific workforce challenges and planning for those. Q287 Chair: I was trying to find your next steps section at that point. Professor Powis: It is chapter 5, page 106. Q288 James Morris: We have touched on the issue of inequalities of access to good-quality palliative care. If you go back to May 2016, the Care Quality Commission published a review into inequalities in this area and identified some of the main barriers. They said it included poor communication from staff, inequalities in accessing good care, staff awareness and non-collaborative working. Do you think the situation has improved since 2016 in improved access and quality access to palliative care, Minister? Helen Whately: One of the things in the statutory guidance from NHS England to integrated care boards on their commissioning duty for palliative and end of life care specifically says: "There is currently variation locally in access to high quality, personalised palliative and end of life care services. ICSs have a responsibility to ensure action is taken to improve equity of access and outcomes for"—palliative and end of life care—" specifically for underserved populations." While I do not have a comparative data point to the one that you gave just then, what I can say is that the variation and challenges in access for some populations is clearly recognised, and recognised very up front, by NHS England. One of the priorities for integrated care boards as they commission and oversee palliative care in their geographies is exactly to address the problem of inequality in access, therefore raising the access and better meeting the need for palliative care in their populations. Q289 James Morris: Professor Powis, I suppose this is a values-based question. You have outlined quite a lot of the things that have been done to address the inequality in access issue, but these issues have been around for a long time. I quoted a report in the previous session from a previous incarnation of this Committee, which talked about health inequalities being compounded because services are disproportionately not available in areas of social deprivation. That was back in 2004. Do you think we have an appropriate way, ironically, of treating death with respect in our health system? Professor Powis: Yes, but I think there is much to do. There is a lot of variability. There is a real and clear need to focus on health inequalities. That is a particular focus for us at NHS England, which we have accelerated post pandemic. You will be aware of the Core20PLUS5 programme which helps ICBs and local systems to particularly focus on areas of deprivation and health inequality. That is working with palliative care teams and is open to palliative care services to work with them. Population health data is really important in understanding inequalities. Many ICBs are working hard on their population health strategies. OHID is providing additional data to ICSs as well. Q290 James Morris: What I am asking is a slightly more direct question. Is one of the reasons that it has taken 20 years or so, from the previous report, something about the attitude and values of NHS commissioning which, in a sense, undervalues end of life? It has not been a priority in our health system and continues not to be a priority. Professor Powis: I don't think that is quite fair. It has certainly been a priority for us. If you look back at the long-term plan five years ago, it was definitely a priority in the long-term plan. That is not to say that there is not variability in provision, access and equality. As you know, the CQC did a report post pandemic. One of the things they commented on was the quality of the conversation around advanced care planning. Yes, there is more work to be done. We are working on that in partnership with professional bodies, including the colleges, but I agree that there is more work to be done. I think people recognise that this is an incredibly important part of our provision of care. Q291 James Morris: Minister, do you think we need to have a better quality of conversation about death? Helen Whately: I wanted to come in, as you could probably see, on exactly that. The conversations are really important. Advanced care plans are produced through the conversation. The need for the step to have an advanced care plan can trigger a conversation. It is helpful and important. We are seeing increasing numbers of people having advanced care plans. At the moment, GPs have around 280,000 people on the palliative care register. We are seeing progress. Conversations are happening on advanced care planning, but we need to continue to prioritise that and focus on it, because it can lead to making sure somebody has the treatment that they want and avoid having treatment that they do not want, and they are more likely to be able to die in the place where they and their family would like them to. In its own right, having the conversation is really important. Related to that is the work that we are doing on our major conditions strategy at the moment. One of the things that we heard from stakeholders in that, particularly patient representatives and family groups, is how important they feel it is that the strategy encompasses palliative and end of life care. Of course, it is important that we talk about prevention, diagnosis and treatment, but actually we know from patients and their families that they really want us, as a system, to make sure we are thinking all the way through to palliative and end of life care. Clearly, we are responding to that in the work that we are doing on that strategy and the work in the interim report. That probably reflects a wider and growing understanding about the importance of— Q292 James Morris: In terms of the values point, one of the previous witnesses said that he found it odd that societally we find it acceptable that hospices were funded by the sale of second-hand jumpers. From the point of view of raising money, if that was the case for cancer services, there would be public outrage. Do you see that as an issue around the way we treat end of life care and the way it is thought about in society? Does he make a good point? Helen Whately: As I responded to Rachael a moment ago, we should recognise that a lot of end of life and palliative care is provided through the national health service and funded through national health service funding. Yes, a substantial amount of care is also provided through hospices, and some hospice funding is through the national health service and commissioned. Some of it is through the fantastic support from donations, whether those are legacies, people making substantial donations or from shops and the other ways that hospices raise money. I think we should say that is a good thing and not be critical of it. Let's not forget that a large amount of funding for palliative and end of life care is through the national health service and our taxpayer-funded system. Q293 Paul Blomfield: Perhaps I could move to a different area. Obviously, our inquiry is looking at palliative care in the context of also exploring a change in the law to facilitate assisted dying. I appreciate at the outset that the Government have no official view and that they are neutral. I just want to explore what thinking is going on around the issue. There clearly is considerable public support around the world. Different countries are adopting different approaches. Some are facilitating law change in relation to terminal illness, and some in relation to terminal illness and unbearable suffering. Is there any thinking going on at all about what a law might look like should we begin to address it? I am not seeking a view on the issue. Helen Whately: I recognise what you are saying about different countries taking different views. Clearly, I follow that as a parliamentarian and a Member of Parliament representing my constituents, quite apart from my ministerial role. You will be well aware—you alluded to it—that the Government's position is that this is a debate to be led by Parliament. A change to the law in this sensitive area would be something for Parliament to decide. It is an issue of conscience for individual Members of Parliament. If the will of Parliament is that the law on assisted dying should change, then Government would not stand in its way. That is the Government position on the question. Q294 Paul Blomfield: Thank you very much. I will come back to that in just a moment. Among the jurisdictions that are moving down this path are three within the UK: Scotland, Isle of Man and Jersey. Is any thinking going on about how the Government would respond if assisted dying, as is anticipated, becomes legal within UK jurisdictions? Helen Whately: We observe and watch what is going on in other countries, and clearly, very importantly, within other parts of the United Kingdom. We should watch as those proposals progress in those other areas. Q295 Paul Blomfield: What I am asking is: have there been any discussions within Government about the implications of a UK jurisdiction adopting a law facilitating assisted dying—any discussions at all? Helen Whately: I have personally not been part of a discussion along those lines. I cannot speak for other discussions that may have happened. Q296 Paul Blomfield: Can I come back to your point about the will of Parliament? We both know that while the Government might be neutral, the will of Parliament cannot be facilitated without the Government finding parliamentary time for legislation to be properly considered. That has been the case on other issues of conscience such as abortion and other questions. Do you think it would be right, should there be a majority opinion in Parliament that we should properly consider the issue, that Government should find time for that debate to take place? Helen Whately: I recall back in 2015, shortly after I had been elected, that we debated a private Member's Bill about assisted dying. There was a substantial debate at the time. I remember the day very well. We know that at the time Parliament voted very clearly against assisted dying at that point. What I can do is reiterate the Government position, which is that should the will of Parliament change, the Government will not stand in its way, but Parliament needs to take that step. Q297 Paul Blomfield: There is a difference between not standing in its way and enabling proper debate. I remember the debate in 2015, too. It was very clear, but had that been carried it would still have stalled had the Government not found time for there to be proper consideration. I just wonder whether you felt that was something that would be appropriate. Helen Whately: You are asking me a hypothetical question which, at the moment, I cannot give you a different answer to. Chair: That is one for the Whips, I am sure, through the usual channels if it were to be passed on a Second Reading. There are a couple of things, finally. We heard earlier, in our first panel, about investment in palliative care versus, presumably, the investment that the NHS would have to make in providing medically assisted dying. If we were to have a change in the law, Professor Powis, has any modelling work been done in NHS England about where that cost would come from? Professor Powis: Not that I am aware of. This is a policy area that I do not think it appropriate for NHS England to get involved in. Obviously, as we have just discussed, it is a matter for Parliament. If Parliament so wished and directed NHS England, through Government, of course that is something we would need to consider. Q298 Chair: It is a matter for Parliament in making the moral decision to cross that Rubicon, but if we were to be faced with such legislation it would be perfectly reasonable for Members of Parliament to come to NHS England and say, "How would you facilitate such a change if we were to give it the green light?" We would have to be in that knowledge base before we made that decision. No, is the answer to any work being done on that. Professor Powis: As far as I am aware, it is not work that we have done. Q299 Chair: The Minister confirmed a couple of weeks ago that the children's hospice grant would continue from April 2024, which is good for the children's hospices, including Naomi House & Jacksplace in my constituency. We as a Select Committee wrote to the Secretary of State because they are concerned and anxious about the distribution mechanism for that grant being changed from where it is at the moment in the regional structure to within ICBs. Can either of you comment on that? What is your intention, Minister? Helen Whately: I am well aware of those concerns. I have spoken to NHS England colleagues about them. I know that they are considering the distribution mechanism and we will be communicating about that in due course. Q300 Chair: Have you spoken to Together for Short Lives? Helen Whately: I have had conversations with Together for Short Lives, yes. Chair: We would ask that you continue those conversations and take note of that. It is obviously of great concern. Yes, they do not get all of their funding from the state, but they obviously need certainty on what they do get and that it is coming, which you have given. They also need to know how it is coming. Unless colleagues have any other points to make—I think everybody has had a roll of the dice—we are very grateful to you both for coming in. Minister Helen Whately, thank you very much. Professor Stephen Powis, we hope to see you very shortly for your next return to the Palace of Westminster. Thank you for your evidence this morning.
Niwagaba, Charles Buregeya - Institutionen för energi och teknik, Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet - Makerere University Forskningsartikel2009Vetenskapligt granskad Niwagaba, Charles; Nalubega, M.; Vinnerås, Björn; Sundberg, Cecilia; Jönsson, Håkan In urine-diverting toilets, urine and faeces are collected separately so that nutrient content can be recycled unmixed. Faeces should be sanitised before use in agriculture fields due to the presence of possible enteric pathogens. Composting of human faeces with food waste was evaluated as a possible method for this treatment. Temperatures were monitored in three 78-L wooden compost reactors fed with faeces-to-food waste substrates (F:FW) in wet weight ratios of 1:0, 3:1 and 1:1, which were observed for approximately 20 days. To achieve temperatures higher than 15 degrees C above ambient, insulation was required for the reactors. Use of 25-mm thick styrofoam insulation around the entire exterior of the compost reactors and turning of the compost twice a week resulted in sanitising temperatures (>= 50 degrees C) to be maintained for 8 days in the F:FW =1:1 compost and for 4 days in the F:FW = 3:1 compost. In these composts, a reduction of > 3log(10) for E. coli and > 4log(10) for Enterococcus spp. was achieved. The F:FW = 1:0 compost, which did not maintain >= 50 degrees C for a sufficiently long period, was not sanitised, as the counts of E. coli and Enterococcus spp. increased between days 11 and 15. This research provides useful information on the design and operation of family-size compost units for the treatment of source-separated faeces and starchy food residues, most likely available amongst the less affluent rural/urban society in Uganda. (c) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Waste Management 2009, Volym: 29, nummer: 2, sidor: 585-589 Utgivare: PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD SDG2 Ingen hunger SDG3 God hälsa och välbefinnande SDG12 Hållbar konsumtion och produktion Annan naturresursteknik DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2008.06.022
A tyrant (from Ancient Greek τύραννος, tyrannos), in the modern English usage of the word, is an absolute ruler who is unrestrained by law, or one who has usurped a legitimate ruler's sovereignty. Often portrayed as cruel, tyrants may defend their positions by resorting to repressive means. What is a example of tyrant? Any person who exercises authority in an oppressive manner; cruel master. The definition of a tyrant is a cruel ruler or authority figure. An example of a tyrant was Joseph Stalin . (by extension) Any person who abuses the power of position or office to treat others unjustly, cruelly, or harshly. Why do tyrants become tyrants? Not every tyrant is an Agathocles or a Gelon. A tyrant is a tyrant because he uses political power to favor his supporters to the detriment of the oppressed . Such is the implicit bargain between the tyrant and his supporter. How would you describe a tyrant? tyrant, Greek tyrannos, a cruel and oppressive ruler or, in ancient Greece, a ruler who seized power unconstitutionally or inherited such power . ... Thus, the opportunity arose for ambitious men to seize power in the name of the oppressed. What is the true definition of tyrant? a sovereign or other ruler who uses power oppressively or unjustly . any person in a position of authority who exercises power oppressively or despotically. a tyrannical or compulsory influence. an absolute ruler, especially one in ancient Greece or Sicily. What is a female tyrant called? tyranness . The female form of tyrant; a female tyrant. tyrannical, tyrannic. 1. Like a tyrant; that is, harsh, despotic, and arbitrary. What is tyrannical behavior? arbitrary or unrestrained exercise of power; despotic abuse of authority. the government or rule of a tyrant or absolute ruler. ... a cruel or harsh act or proceeding; an arbitrary , oppressive, or tyrannical action. How do I stop being a tyrant? - Ask a question before giving an answer. - Don't command people, find out what they need to do their jobs and how you can help them. - Let people deal with personal productivity issues on their own before you have to step in and address the problem. Why did tyrants lose power? How did tyrants sometimes lose power? They were overthrown by the people . How were laws developed in a monarchy? The king made them. How do you deal with a tyrant? - Keep a steady gaze. - Don't justify them with an explanation, instead, give them a question to answer and give yourself space to address the situation on your own timeline. - Recite your mantra. What does the word tyrant mean how would you know if someone was a tyrant? 1 : a ruler who has no legal limits on his or her power . 2 : a ruler who exercises total power harshly and cruelly. 3 : a person who uses authority or power harshly My boss is a real tyrant. What is the difference between a dictator and a tyrant? A dictator is a political leader who possesses absolute power. ... Like the term "tyrant" (which was originally a non-pejorative Ancient Greek title), and to a lesser degree "autocrat", "dictator" came to be used almost exclusively as a non-titular term for oppressive rule. What is a tyrannical leader? A tyrannical ruler wields absolute power and authority , and often wields that power unjustly, cruelly, or oppressively. ... Adolf Hitler, Benito Mussolini, and Joseph Stalin are three examples of the 20th century's most tyrannical dictators. Is tyrant a bad word? In antiquity the word tyrant was not necessarily pejorative and signified the holder of absolute political power. In its modern usage the word tyranny is usually pejorative and connotes the illegitimate possession or use of such power. What is the opposite of a tyrant? Noun. ▲ Opposite of a cruel and oppressive ruler . democrat . liberal . How is Macbeth a tyrant? Macbeth is a tyrant because he allows his desire for power to drive his actions . He is so afraid of losing the throne that he starts killing anyone...
Teaching math can seem daunting, especially when it comes to building a solid foundation for young learners. However, the Montessori Method, with its emphasis on hands-on learning and self-directed activity, offers a unique and effective approach to introducing addition to children. I am so excited to be discussing this topic with you because it is one of my more frequently asked questions. This blog post will explore three key points that outline the Montessori method of teaching addition. It includes the essential Montessori math materials involved and the broader context of how addition fits into Montessori mathematics. 1. Teaching Addition Using the Montessori Method Let me begin by telling you that I love teaching addition using the Montessori Method. It is so easy for Guides to teach and for children to grasp! Why? The Montessori Method shines in its ability to turn abstract concepts into tangible experiences for children. When it comes to teaching addition, this approach emphasizes understanding over memorization, which is crucial for young minds grappling with mathematical concepts for the first time. Once they get it, it is a lifelong skill that they will easily remember and apply. Concrete Before Abstract: Maria Montessori believed in the philosophy of introducing concrete tools before moving to abstract ideas. This means when teaching addition, children first get hands-on experiences with physical objects that they can count, combine, and manipulate. It really is as easy as it sounds. This tactile process helps solidify the concept of 'adding together' in a child's mind before they are introduced to numbers on a page. Self-Correction and Independence: Another cornerstone of the Montessori approach is the encouragement of self-correction and independence. Montessori materials are designed in a way that allows children to see their mistakes and correct them on their own, fostering a sense of accomplishment and independence. For addition, materials like the Bead Bars or the Addition Strip Board allow children to physically manipulate components to discover the sum of two numbers, noticing and correcting their errors independently. It is truly an awesome sight to sit back and simply observe. Sequential and Cumulative Learning: Learning in the Montessori environment is both sequential and cumulative. This means each step in learning addition builds upon the previous one and prepares the child for the next. This progression from simple to complex ensures a deep understanding of addition. It's also laying a strong foundation for more advanced mathematical operations. So, don't be afraid of repetition and a "back and forth" approach. 2. Essential Montessori Math Materials for Teaching Addition Montessori materials are meticulously designed to aid in the learning process, making abstract concepts accessible through manipulation and exploration. Bead Materials: One of the quintessential Montessori materials for teaching addition is the bead material. The Golden Bead Material, for instance, enables children to physically build numbers and see what happens when they are added together. The Golden Bead Material is phenomenal because it offers a clear visual and tactile representation of the process of addition. Once you "see it," you can't "unsee it." That is why it is one of my favorite Montessori materials to teach addition. Addition Strip Board: Another indispensable tool is the Addition Strip Board. Believe me, it is well worth getting it! Children will enjoy using it over and over again. It allows children to practice addition facts in a hands-on manner. Through the placement of strips on the board, children can visually see the results of different addition combinations, helping them internalize the concept. Get a printable version of it HERE. Number Rods: The Number Rods introduce the concept of quantity and its association with numerals. By combining rods, children can see what happens when two quantities are brought together, laying the groundwork for addition. Get a printable version of them HERE. 3. Montessori Addition: A Holistic Approach to Mathematics In the Montessori classroom, addition is not taught in isolation but as part of a holistic approach to mathematics. This approach ensures that children not only learn how to add. But it will help understand the why behind it, fostering a deeper appreciation and understanding of mathematics. From Concrete to Abstract: The progression from concrete manipulation of materials to abstract mathematical thinking is central to the Montessori approach to addition. This gradual transition ensures children deeply understand mathematical concepts, learning not just how to calculate but to comprehend. Integration with Life Skills: Montessori mathematics, including addition, is integrated with practical life skills. Children use their mathematical understanding in real-life contexts, such as setting the table or distributing materials. All of these reinforce their arithmetic skills and highlighting the relevance of mathematics in their everyday lives. A Foundation for Future Learning: By embedding addition within a broader mathematical and practical context, the Montessori Method ensures that children are not only proficient in mathematical operations but also possess a comprehensive understanding of mathematics as an interconnected discipline. This foundation is crucial for their future learning and exploration of more complex mathematical concepts. Enjoy Math the Montessori Way Teaching addition using the Montessori Method offers a multifaceted approach. It combines tactile experience with conceptual understanding, independence, and practical application. By employing carefully designed materials and fostering an environment of sequential learning, children develop a thorough and meaningful understanding of addition, setting a strong foundation for their future mathematical endeavors. You might also enjoy these relevant topics: The Montessori MethodThe Secret of ChildhoodThe Absorbent MindThe Discovery of the ChildMontessori from the Start: The Child at Home, from BirthPractical Guide to the Montessori Method at Home: With more - Exploring Montessori Culture: A Guide for Educators and ParentsThis blog post aims to illuminate the key principles and activities of Montessori culture, providing valuable insights for Montessori guides, teachers, and parents keen on enriching their approach to education. - Unveiling the Beauty of Montessori in the EnvironmentIn the world of Montessori education, aesthetics, also known as the beauty of Montessori, do a lot more than just make things look nice. - Teaching Addition the Montessori Way: A Guide to Making Math Engaging for ChildrenThis blog post will explore three key points that outline the Montessori method of teaching addition.
This is how to avoid climate crises becoming the trigger for social unrest Civil unrest is potentially increased by climate change, but there are factors that can offer resilience to it. Image: UNSPLASH/Chris Gallagher Get involved with our crowdsourced digital platform to deliver impact at scale Stay up to date: Climate Crisis Listen to the article - Post-disaster civil unrest has been historically rare and difficult to quantify, but new research shows that context plays an influential role in determining it. - Degrees of government repression, access to basic services as well as propensity to unrest are meaningful determinants of whether natural disaster leads to civil unrest. - Food and water security, among other measures, can help mitigate the risk. Over the past 70 years, only a handful of natural disaster events have precipitated major violence and unrest. The onset of climate change and its expected impact on the frequency and severity of natural disasters, however, could exacerbate the acute resource shortages that tend to lead to riots and other forms of political violence. It is therefore more important than ever to understand the relationship between natural disasters and civil unrest in order to mitigate the risks. Have you read? We need to start preparing for flood disasters now - here's why These AI and satellite mapping techniques are speeding up the process of disaster management What's new is old: how economic discontent triggered unrest in the past Our fast-growing cities are becoming hotbeds of unrest. It doesn't have to be that way There is no easy fix to this emerging problem, but identifying it in its nascent stages is an important first step. Isolating the factors that indicate post-disaster civil unrest risk – such as propensity for unrest and acute shortages of basic necessities – enable the development of resilience frameworks and plans to support better disaster preparation worldwide. Link between climate change and civil unrest: Historically rare and difficult to quantify It is more and more evident that natural disasters are a consequence of climate change, but the link between natural disasters and civil unrest is less documented. The historical literature on this contains a paucity of data and analysis on the subject. Philip Nel and Marjolein Righarts estimated that 225 natural disasters have involved civil unrest since 1970, with Ide, et al. finding 176 during roughly the same period. Where studies take a look at specific cases, it's usually the same handful – such as the Aceh tsunami, Thai flood, and the Ancash earthquake in Peru. To research the causes of post-disaster civil unrest, I looked at more than 13,000 events in the International Disasters Database to see how many major natural disasters since 1970 really led to civil unrest. The 22 events found may not be exhaustive, but are more indicative than the results produced in other studies. The lack of dominant themes in the 22 events may make it seem like there's no connection between natural disasters and civil unrest. What became quite clear, though, is that context is crucial to identifying the patterns. Meaningful circumstances In reviewing the circumstances associated with each clear case of post-disaster civil unrest, the cases where there was a profound change in the ability to access basic necessities such as food, water, and shelter stood out alongside the degree of government repression. In fact, where the resource shortage is acute, sudden, and in sharp contrast with preexisting availability, the risk of post-disaster riot increases. For example, the diversion of resources because of corruption or weak government institutions would be worse than genuine best efforts that take a while. Faith in institutions can help buy time. Further, degrees of repression or openness in a disaster-affected state can be instructive. Rather than look to the extremes, though, the middle is of greater concern. Open societies are equipped to handle protest and tend to have lower risks of serious grievance and shortages of basic necessities. Violent protest becomes less likely. And at the other end of the spectrum, highly repressive regimes reduce the risk of violent protest through the exercise of greater control. Sufficient repression to cause grievance paired with enough openness for protest to manifest thus represents the ripe condition for post-disaster civil unrest. Again, though, historical cases are complicated and more than half of the 22 cases studied suggest post-disaster unrest is most prevalent in anocratic environments rather than open or repressive states. Overall, preexisting civil unrest is the most likely driver. It appears in the majority of the 22 cases I found, although this just means that the acute shortages, grievances, and other institutional problems have been identified as already in place. The natural disaster just becomes the trigger. How can this be fixed? Disaster-induced civil unrest may have been rare historically, but that seems likely to change – even in the near future. Climate change is likely to drive an increase in natural disaster frequency and severity. This elevates the threat environment. More natural disasters mean more opportunities for civil unrest to be induced. Even if the rate at which natural disasters leads to civil unrest remains low, the absolute total would increase. Climate and societal risks are becoming more and more volatile. New aggravating factors have come into the mix. Solutions needed to address the combined threat of natural disasters and civil unrest are long-term, speaking to a near-term problem. Battling corruption and strengthening weak institutions occurs over decades and has to overcome often stiff domestic resistance. However, civil unrest does not arise easily. It requires a change in the opportunity cost associated with inaction. Even where access to basic necessities can be difficult and where governments are repressive, fear of the unknown is not easily overcome, which makes that opportunity cost difficult to change. For civil unrest to arise, the unknown has to be preferable to the status quo. Instead of waiting for that change, food and water security measures now can prevent the risk of acute shortage later. Even a few steps in the right direction can breed confidence in further progress, which can help mitigate the risk of civil unrest. The challenge is that progress needs to be continual. Lost momentum brings back the risk. Don't miss any update on this topic Create a free account and access your personalized content collection with our latest publications and analyses. License and Republishing World Economic Forum articles may be republished in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International Public License, and in accordance with our Terms of Use. The views expressed in this article are those of the author alone and not the World Economic Forum. The Agenda Weekly A weekly update of the most important issues driving the global agenda You can unsubscribe at any time using the link in our emails. For more details, review our privacy policy. More on Climate ActionSee all Jack Hurd May 23, 2024 Gareth Francis May 17, 2024 Andrea Willige May 16, 2024 Anna Paula Brito May 15, 2024 Alison Hagan May 15, 2024
A slot is a narrow opening or groove, usually rectangular, in a surface. In aviation, a slot is an aerodynamic feature incorporated in the wing of an airplane, to improve airflow over the wing. In other words, a slot allows for greater lift with less drag. A wide variety of different types of slots are available. The most popular are progressive slots that accumulate a jackpot and offer increasing opportunities to win. Other slots are based on video game themes and offer a range of bonuses such as free spins. Finally, there are also a number of virtual reality slots that offer an immersive gaming experience. The first slot machine was designed by Charles Fey and allowed for automatic payouts. He used a three-reel machine and replaced the poker symbols with diamonds, spades, horseshoes, hearts and liberty bells. This led to the nickname "Fey's machine." A common strategy among slot players is to leave a machine when it gets close to hitting a bonus or feature, so that the next player can benefit from the progress made up to that point. This type of advantage play is known as "banking" or "slot hustle." Another popular strategy is to choose machines near the end of an aisle. This is a result of the belief that the machines are "due" to pay. However, there is no scientific evidence to support this theory. Modern random number generators do not take into account the results of previous spins, so a machine's performance cannot be predicted in advance. In addition to the myths mentioned above, there are a few other important factors to keep in mind when playing slots. One of these is the fact that the more complex a slot's development is, the higher the odds of it paying out larger amounts. This is because more time and money are invested in the creation of a game with greater complexity, which increases the cost of creating individual symbols or combinations of symbols that would lead to bigger payouts. Another factor is the fact that the same software can be used to create both online and land-based slots. This has encouraged many developers to create games with a wider range of themes and features, making it possible for anyone to find the right one for their preferences and budget. In this way, new casino websites are able to provide an enormous selection of slot games for their customers. This is in contrast to land-based casinos, where the selection of slot machines is much more limited. However, a good choice of online slots can be found by following a few simple tips. These include choosing the game with a high winning frequency, staying within a budget and using the bonuses offered by the site. These bonuses are a great way to make sure that you have an enjoyable experience when playing your favorite casino games. These tips are easy to follow, and can greatly increase your chances of winning.
what are drones how it's useful Drones are unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) that operate without a human pilot on board. They can be remotely controlled by a human operator or programmed to fly autonomously Drones consist of a frame or body structure, motors, propellers, sensors, cameras, and control systems GPS, accelerometers, gyroscopes, and other sensors help maintain stability and navigate the surroundings. Fill in somDrones often have cameras or imaging devices for capturing photos and videos.e text Drones can be controlled manually by a human operator or operate autonomously using pre-defined routes and instructions Drones are used in various fields such as aerial photography, cinematography, surveying, mapping, search and rescue operations, package delivery etc. Drones offer versatility, cost-effectiveness, and access to hard-to-reach or dangerous areas, making them valuable tools in many industries What is starlink project and how it's benificial Also Read: Learn more
I am passionate about our great business. How about you? Regardless of markets, economics, politics, regulations or world events, you are in a profession where you control your destiny. People always need advice about money. This is a great business for at least three reasons: 1. You can create your Ideal Life income. This means earning enough money (after business expenses and taxes) to pay for your family's desired personal lifestyle. This includes material things like the house you live in, the cars you drive, the fun you have and the vacations you take. As well as other meaningful things like the quality of your family's education, your spirituality, your fitness and health and charitable involvement. Your Ideal Life income means getting your own financial house in perfect order. This means your financial affairs are organized to such a degree that you are a role model for your clients: Your taxes are paid in full and on time, you have plenty of cash reserves, your debt is under control, you have the right amount of every type of insurance that's relevant for you and your family, and your estate planning and legal document ducks are in a row. It also means funding your own future goals like financial independence and everything that requires money and planning to achieve. Can you imagine what it would be like to earn your Ideal Life income? This is a great business! 2. This is also a great business because you have time freedom. You can work as many or as few hours per day, week or year as you choose. You can take as much vacation as you like. If you organize your business right, you can fully unplug and take real vacations. A real vacation is when you are totally disconnected from work: no business e-mails, no office contact, no phone or Skype calls with clients or prospects and no market watching. You're not reading non-fiction books or magazines that trigger thoughts about business. You probably don't even watch the news on a real vacation. Can you imagine a vacation where you are truly, 100% focused on having fun and being with the people you care about most without a single thought about work or money? Now, that's a real vacation! How many of those would you like to have every year? How many days like that would you like to have every week? It's possible in this business. Because this is a great business! 3. Perhaps the pièce de résistance of our business is that we help people. It may not be the Red Cross, but it's emotionally rewarding to help people make smart choices about their money so they achieve their most important goals and fulfill their most deeply held values. This is a great business! How do you capitalize on all this great business has to offer? Can you really create your Ideal Life and build an Ideal Business? Absolutely! It won't happen by accident, but you can make it happen. The Ideal Life The first step to creating your Ideal Life is to define it. Start by answering the following six questions: 1. What does your Ideal Life look like? 2. What does your Ideal Life sound like? 3. What does your Ideal Life feel like? 4. What are you doing when living your Ideal Life? 5. Who are you with when living your Ideal Life? 6. Who are you being when living your Ideal Life? You might even schedule a family retreat using these six questions as the basis of an all-day or weekend conversation to put into writing a full, robust vision of your Ideal Life. Once you have done that, do some math to determine how much money will be required to fund your Ideal Life. The Ideal Business Your Ideal Business must generate, after business expenses and taxes, the money to fund your Ideal Life. Your Ideal Business will have a finite number of Ideal Clients who pay a predictable amount of recurring revenue to be part of your Ideal Client Community. The reason you have to have a finite number of clients is that time is finite. I call this the rule of 168. It comes from multiplying 7, the number of days in the week, times 24, the number of hours in the day: 7 x 24 = 168 hours in the week. For how long has this been true? More importantly, for how long into the future do you think this will continue to be true? For planning purposes, go with 168. Because every client consumes some amount of time to deliver your client value promise, your Ideal Business has to have a finite number of clients or your work hours will be unpredictable, maybe even seemingly endless. Since time is finite, and every Ideal Client consumes some time, then your number of Ideal Clients must be finite. What's the right number of Ideal Clients? After decades of helping financial advisors create this kind of business and life, we believe the right number is 50. Maybe a few more or a few less, but 50 is an excellent number to work with. At that number you can provide an extremely high level of value, the kind of value that makes it relatively easy to "rescue" financially successful clients from typical wealth mangers and financial "professionals." (Your future Ideal Clients are currently doing business with other advisors.) What's the right fee? It's $20,000 to $50,000 or more per year. Again, after decades of helping FAs create this kind of life and business, we have found that most people can deliver on their client value promise and have enough profit to fund their Ideal Life with a business that generates $1 million to $2.5 million of predictable, recurring revenue. The Ideal Life endeavor is not a zero-sum game. Everyone who achieves an Ideal Life wins! And everybody who's willing to do the work can have an Ideal Life. Did I mention that this is a GREAT business? What's the client value promise that's worth $20,000 to $50,000 per year for the advisor who wants to build an Ideal Business and create his or her Ideal Life? In the April 2014 Financial Advisor magazine article "The Leadership Vacuum" (find it online at /news/the-leadership-vacuum-17379.html?issue=225), I outlined a way of delivering financial advice that is far more valuable for the client and a much more professional way for an advisor to operate. You may find it helpful to read or re-read that article as you think about building your Ideal Business exclusively with Ideal Clients. The only thing I will say here about the client value promise is that your business and life will be much more ideal with a non-investment-centric or market-sensitive client value promise. It's hard to consider your business or life ideal while being jerked up and down and back and forth by external forces like markets, economic events, world chaos, politics and regulations. Trying to add value by market timing, securities selection or picking the next great investment manager is far too unpredictable to build an Ideal Business. Besides, investment management is only one element of all that is required to be a truly comprehensive financial professional helping people achieve their goals. Instead, the Ideal Business is built on an advice-based relationship that is valued by the client, and happily paid for, in all economic cycles and market conditions. The focus is on goal achievement and values fulfillment rather than investment performance. The Ideal Clients Your Ideal Client Profile is a combination of money and personality. Money is relatively easy. How much money does each client need to contribute so that your business generates the target amount of revenue necessary to operate the business, pay your taxes and create your Ideal Life income? Personality means that you are doing business with people you enjoy working with. When you look at your appointment calendar, there are names of clients who make you smile. What are the common personality characteristics of the clients who trigger your smile? You probably like working with people who are goal-oriented, show up to meetings on time and prepared, value and implement your advice, and pay your fee without debate. Perhaps you also like working with clients who refer you to their friends, family and colleagues. You may also prefer to work with financial delegators. A financial delegator is basically someone who truly wants advice and follows it. They tend to be interesting people doing interesting things with their lives that matter more to them than trying to keep up with finance or economic news. Financial delegators tend to prefer advice over financial education. They want the most expedient path possible to implementing your advice so they can achieve their goals and get back to doing the other things that are more important to them. Yes, you can have a business that serves only Ideal Clients. Why? Because this is a GREAT business! It can be done faster, but generally it takes four years. The next four years will pass as predictably as there are 168 hours in the week. What kind of business will you have built four years from now? What kind of life will you have created? Why not make them both ideal? It's your choice. Raise your sights. Do the work. Build an Ideal Business with Ideal Clients. Create your Ideal Life. Bill Bachrach and his team specialize in helping successful FAs transform themselves into FA leaders who work with financially successful clients. They train the best financial advisors in the world, and those who aspire to be, as measured by value for the client, financial success and quality of life. www.billbachrach.com
Pigmentation - The Ageing Giveaway! ISSADA - Your ally in the War on Pigmentation Pigmentation refers to the darkening or discolouration of the skin due to excess melanin production. It is a common skin concern, especially in a hot sunny climate – sun exposure is a certain cause. However, it can also be caused by genetic predisposition, hormonal changes, and environmental pollutants, and triggered by some prescription medications. Often it can start as freckles that start to merge together but can also be in the form of general blotches, sunspots and Melasma which is triggered by hormones. Pigmentation can start as a light splattering of freckles but, over time, will increase in colour, density and size. Babies are almost always born with a clear even complexion, so it's no wonder that pigmentation is seen as a sign of ageing. Typically, pigmentation can start at any age, but by the time we are in our 20s, we will likely all start to see some. Melasma is also a form of pigmentation, but this is influenced by hormones. It is sometimes also referred to as Chloasma or "Pregnancy Mask" as it can commonly occur during pregnancy and while breast feeding but it can also be caused by the contraceptive pill. Melasma can also be made worse by both heat and light and is the most difficult form of pigmentation to treat. Acne sufferers can also experience a type of pigmentation called Post Inflammatory Hypopigmentation (PIH). Typically, this can be reddish-brown and appears as residual scarring. In this blog, we will guide you through the effective active skincare ingredients that ISSADA recommend and use in our skincare which can help reduce all of the above types of pigmentation and improve skin clarity and texture. Vitamin C - A Powerful Antioxidant Vitamin C is a potent antioxidant known for its ability to brighten and even out skin tone. Vitamin C protects the skin from environmental stressors such as UV radiation and pollution, which can also trigger melanin production. A minimum 10% vitamin C potency is essential to benefit from skin-lightening properties. Try ISSADA's 25% C Serum for maximum benefit. Note: Vitamin C should not be used if you suffer from acne as it can increase outbreaks. Niacinamide The Skin Barrier Booster Niacinamide is a form of Vitamin B3 known for its skin barrier-strengthening benefits. It can also help diminish signs of hyperpigmentation by inhibiting the transfer of melanin to the skin cells. It also helps to improve skin texture and reduce pore size. Unlike other skin-lightening agents, Niacinamide is non-toxic and can be used for long periods without the risk of side effects. Vitamin B5 (also known as pantothenic acid), has several benefits for the skin. It helps to improve the skin's barrier function, keeping it hydrated and preventing moisture loss. B5 has anti-inflammatory properties, which can help reduce redness and irritation and it can promote skin healing and reduce the appearance of scars. Overall, B5 is a great ingredient to include in skincare products for its moisturizing and soothing effects. Try ISSADA's Niacinamide + B5 Complex - a light, rapidly absorbed serum that leaves your skin feeling nourished and hydrated with potent B3 and B5 ingredients Glycolic Acid - The Exfoliator Glycolic acid is an alpha-hydroxy acid (AHA) derived from sugarcane. It works by exfoliating dead skin cells from the surface, creating a lightening effect as dead skin cells often contribute to the appearance of hyperpigmentation. Glycolic acid also facilitates the penetration of active ingredients into the skin. I Try ISSADA's 14% Glycolic Polishing Scrub is an ideal product for regular use. It will assist in increasing cell turnover to reveal fresher clearer looking skin combining both glycolic and mechanical exfoliation using natural, gentle, Marine Safe exfoliating beads. Retinol - The Anti-aging Wonder Retinol is a vitamin A derivative and is well-known for its anti-aging properties. However, it can also help to reduce the appearance of pigmentation. Retinol accelerates cell turnover, resulting in the flaking off of pigmented skin cells. It also helps to improve skin texture and reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles. It is essential to use a product containing retinol in small amounts and gradually building up over time to prevent irritation. Try ISSADA's 0.5% retinol serum and work up to our 1% retinol for maximum benefit Even Tone Pigment Serum - Your weapon against pigmentation Containing Rumex Occidentalis, Licorice Root, Bearberry, Ginseng Root, Lycium Chinese Fruit ISSADA Pigment Serum offers a power punch in the face of pigmentation! These powerful antioxidants, vitamins, and nutrients all benefit your skin so it is no surprise that we included all of them in our Issada Even Tone Pigment Serum. Rumex Occidentalis contains high levels of Vitamin C. Licorice Root has anti-inflammatory properties and can help to soothe irritation or redness on the skin but importantly is also a Tyrosinase Inhibitor which will help to block the production of melanin to inhibit pigmentation. Bearberry extract contains arbutin, which has lightening properties and can help to lighten and even out skin tone. Ginseng Root contains phytonutrients which help to improve collagen production and improve the texture and firmness of your skin. Lastly, Lycium Chinese Fruit is rich in vitamin C, antioxidants and essential fatty acids, which can help to protect your skin from harmful UV rays, pollutants and other external free radicals, to help improve the overall complexion of your skin. 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psychiatry, Branch of medicine concerned with mental disorders. Until the 18th century, mental health problems were considered forms of demonic possession; gradually they came to be seen as illnesses requiring treatment. In the 19th century, research into and classification and treatment of mental illnesses advanced. Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory dominated the field for many years before it was challenged by behavioral and cognitive therapy and humanistic psychology in the mid-20th century. Psychiatrists hold medical degrees and can prescribe drugs and other medical treatments in addition to conducting psychotherapy. The psychiatrist often works as a member of a mental health team that includes clinical psychologists and social workers. psychiatry Article psychiatry summary While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Select Citation Style Below is the article summary. For the full article, see psychiatry. Benjamin Rush Summary Benjamin Rush was an American physician and political leader, a member of the Continental Congress and a signer of the Declaration of Independence. His encouragement of clinical research and instruction was frequently offset by his insistence upon bloodletting, purging, and other debilitating Alfred Adler Summary Alfred Adler was a psychiatrist whose influential system of individual psychology introduced the term inferiority feeling, later widely and often inaccurately called inferiority complex. He developed a flexible, supportive psychotherapy to direct those emotionally disabled by inferiority feelings Menninger family Summary Menninger family, American physicians who pioneered methods of psychiatric treatment in the 20th century. Charles Frederick Menninger (born July 11, 1862, Tell City, Indiana, U.S.—died November 28, 1953, Topeka, Kansas) began practicing general medicine in Topeka in 1889 and became convinced of the Carl Jung Summary Carl Jung was a Swiss psychologist and psychiatrist who founded analytic psychology, in some aspects a response to Sigmund Freud's psychoanalysis. Jung proposed and developed the concepts of the extraverted and the introverted personality, archetypes, and the collective unconscious. His work has
Connecting with others is an essential part of our human experience. Whether it's making new friends, building professional relationships, or simply enjoying social interactions, chatting with people plays a crucial role in our daily lives. Having effective chatting skills not only allows us to connect with others on a deeper level but also provides several benefits that can enhance various aspects of our lives. Step 1: Start with a Positive Mindset Starting conversations with a positive attitude sets the tone for a pleasant interaction. Cultivating positivity not only makes you more approachable but also makes the other person more likely to engage in the conversation. Here are some tips to help you maintain a positive mindset: 1. Importance of maintaining a positive attitude A positive attitude creates an inviting atmosphere and encourages open communication. It helps to build rapport and makes conversations more enjoyable for everyone involved. 2. Tips for cultivating positivity To cultivate positivity, try practicing gratitude daily, focusing on the present moment, and surrounding yourself with uplifting people and environments. Engaging in activities that bring you joy can also contribute to a positive mindset. Step 2: Active Listening Active listening is a vital component of effective communication. By fully engaging in the conversation and demonstrating your interest, you can establish meaningful connections with others. Here are some techniques to help you become an active listener: 1. Definition of active listening Active listening involves giving your full attention to the speaker and showing that you genuinely care about what they are saying. 2. Techniques for active listening To actively listen, maintain eye contact with the speaker, nod to show your understanding or agreement, and use non-verbal cues to convey your engagement. Additionally, paraphrase and clarify what the speaker has said to ensure a clear understanding. Step 3: Find Common Ground Establishing common ground with the person you are chatting with creates a sense of connection and makes it easier to continue the conversation. Here are some strategies for finding common ground: 1. Importance of finding common interests or experiences Common interests or experiences provide a foundation for conversation and allow you to deepen your connection with others. 2. Strategies for identifying common ground Begin by making observations or engaging in small talk to identify shared interests. Asking open-ended questions can also help uncover commonalities, and discussing shared hobbies or experiences can further strengthen the bond. Step 4: Show Genuine Interest Showing genuine interest in the person you are chatting with demonstrates your attentiveness and fosters a sense of mutual respect. Here are some ways to show genuine interest: 1. Benefits of showing genuine interest in others When you show genuine interest, you create a space for meaningful connections to develop. It also makes others feel valued and appreciated. 2. Ways to demonstrate interest Ask follow-up questions to delve deeper into the conversation, remember details from previous conversations to show that you listened and cared, and avoid distractions that may divert your attention from the interaction. Step 5: Practice Empathy Empathy is the ability to understand and share the feelings of others. It plays a key role in building connections and fostering understanding. Here are some techniques to practice empathy: 1. Definition and importance of empathy Empathy allows us to connect with others on a deeper level and create a safe and supportive environment for conversation. 2. Techniques to practice empathy Put yourself in the other person's shoes to understand their perspective, validate their emotions by acknowledging their feelings, and respond with understanding and compassion. Step 6: Be Respectful and Considerate Respect and consideration are fundamental in creating positive interactions and building strong relationships. Here are some tips on being respectful and considerate: 1. The role of respect and consideration in building connections Respect and consideration create an environment of mutual trust and make others feel valued and heard. 2. Tips for being respectful and considerate Use proper manners and etiquette, avoid interruptions or dominating the conversation, and show appreciation and gratitude for the other person's time and contribution to the conversation. Step 7: Be Yourself Authenticity is the key to genuine connections. By being true to yourself, you allow others to truly know and appreciate you. Here are some tips for staying true to yourself: 1. Embracing authenticity in conversations Being authentic means expressing your true thoughts, feelings, and opinions without fear of judgment or rejection. 2. Benefits of being true to yourself Being genuine fosters deeper connections, attracts like-minded individuals, and promotes self-confidence. 3. Tips for staying true to yourself in conversations Express your opinions respectfully, share personal experiences and stories, and embrace vulnerability by being open and honest. Step 8: Practice, Practice, Practice Improving your chatting skills requires practice. The more you engage in conversations and actively apply the techniques mentioned above, the more comfortable and proficient you will become. Here are some ways to practice conversational skills: 1. Engaging in small talk in different settings Practice engaging in small talk in various social settings to build your conversational confidence and adaptability. 2. Joining social clubs or groups Joining social clubs or groups that align with your interests provides ample opportunities to engage in conversations and develop your chatting skills. 3. Seeking out opportunities for networking or public speaking Seek networking events or public speaking opportunities to challenge yourself and sharpen your conversational abilities. Effective chatting skills play a pivotal role in our social and professional lives. By following the steps outlined in this blog post, you can enhance your ability to connect with others, cultivate relationships, and experience the numerous benefits of human connection. Remember, practice is key, so put these steps into action and enjoy the enriching conversations that await you. Now, go out there and make meaningful connections through your improved chatting skills! Do you have any additional tips for effective conversation? Share them in the comments below!
Log In Winter Coding Camp: Code Your Own Platformer Video Game Class experience US Grade 3 - 6 In this camp, students will discuss platformer games, which are video games where the character has to run and jump to achieve their goal. They will create their own Platformer Game over the course of four day camp with a focus on sequencing, functions, and variables.. This class has been designed for students ages 8-12 with any level of coding experience - all are welcome! Students will learn: -How to think like a game designer! -How to create variables to create gravity -How to create... After completing this camp, students will be comfortable coding and creating projects with Scratch. Even more importantly, they will have gained an understanding of foundational coding concepts including sequencing, loops, conditional statements, and variables. At Coco Coders, our goal is to help students become future-ready, and we know that these core skills will serve our students for the rest of their lives. Your student will need: - Free Scratch account https://scratch.mit.edu/ - Access to a laptop or desktop computer with Zoom installed and screen-sharing enabled - An internet connection of 3mbs+ - A working speaker, microphone and webcam - all Windows and Mac operating systems of the past five years are supported - Please make sure an adult is on hand for the first five minutes of class to help set-up and tackle troubleshooting. - iPads and tablets are NOT compatible and will not work for this class. In addition to the Outschool classroom, this class uses: Students will use Scratch to participate in class. Students must access the Scratch account using a laptop or a computer in class (no smartphone or tablets). Students will use their own Scratch account to code while following instructions from the teacher. Students may continue to use their Scratch account outside of class. > Hello At Coco Coders we teach children between the age of 6-14 how to code at our Live Online Clubs and Camps through exciting themed content such as architecture, fashion and conservation to name a few. Depending on age, we teach using a... Group Class for 4 classes4x per week, 1 week 55 min Completed by 14 learners Live video meetings Ages: 8-12 2-6 learners per class
Everything is in motion, from the largest galaxies to the smallest particles. The universe vibrates with this energy, awash in a symphony of frequencies. And so are we. From radio waves to gamma rays, we receive, process and interact in this dance, mostly unconscious of their effects physically, emotionally, and spiritually. Each of us has a unique frequency, made up of a complex field of resonant harmonics. We vibrate within this narrow band of resonance, somewhat like a FM radio tuner. Tuners work using a principle called resonance. That is, tuners resonate at, and amplify, one particular frequency and ignore all the other frequencies in the air. A resonant frequency is the natural frequency of vibration that will resonate from a complex stream of frequencies, essentially "filtering out" all other frequencies present. There are many layers of "filtering out" within the human structure, from biological conditions, to photon – electrical matrices of immense complexity. At any given moment, most of us are aware of but a tiny portion of the stream of frequencies around us. Yet for a small minority, access to this vast stream of knowledge is accessible. These people have the ability to tune in, so to speak, and resonate at any frequency at will. And like a radio tuned-in, that broadcast is now apparent in communicating it's details and message. All of that is about to change, as the time of Resonant Awakening is upon us. More and more of us have found ourselves listening to the broadcast of frequencies in a new light. In this time of Transparency, we have become aware of much more, and question the old accepted beliefs. The movie that has transfixed so many is ending, and the audience is starting to awaken to who they truly are. A new world is opening it's gates, for the old one is falling away. It's a fact that's all around us, and the time to awaken is now. Everything you need to awaken is now being made available to you. It's actually much easier than you think. Resonant Awakening is happening to people all around the world, and is happening to you as you read this. New tools are made available to all that wish to use them. As you are ready for them, they will appear for your use. not mark
Maputo, 8 Dec (AIM) – Mozambican President Filipe Nyusi has pledged that his government will continue to mobilize more investment to rehabilitate and build water system infrastructures in order to ensure sustainable management of water resources and reduce dependence on upstream countries. According to Nyusi, who was speaking on Thursday during the inauguration of the Guara-Guara water supply system in Búzi district, in the central province of Sofala, "as a strategy to accelerate our action, we have decided to prioritize the following areas for reducing dependence on water availability in relation to upstream countries: sustainable management of water resources; and reduction of physical and commercial losses in water supply services." The new system is budgeted at 36 million meticais (about 564,000 dollars), financed by the United Kingdom. The system has the capacity for 20,000 consumers but, in the initial phase, it will serve 5,000. The system has a capacity to supply over 24 cubic meters per hour. Other measures, Nyusi added, include the rehabilitation and construction of dams, identification of new water sources, establishment of household connections and construction of standpipes. According to Nyusi, the government will adopt water desalination technologies, particularly in arid and semi-arid areas. "During water prospecting, recently in Gaza province and part of Maputo province, only brackish water came out. And one of the solutions that our government sought was to find ways of removing the salt so that the water would be drinkable", he said. Nyusi said that the water supply system that he was inaugurating is a milestone that represents a profound transformation in the quality of life of the population. "As a government, we will remain committed to mobilizing resources with a view to building more water supply infrastructures here in Sofala province and throughout the country", he said. He also called on the population to avoid clandestine water connections. "Don't allow illegal connections because there are some who play smart. Clandestine connections are the ones that do harm, and the people who do this must be denounced, held accountable and punished in an exemplary manner," he warned. ZT/Ad/pf (335)
Projects Students will be required to do PowerPoint(s) Presentations and oral presentations. - Timothy Felix Owens - 7 years ago - Views: 1 Spanish 2 Adv. Fall 2012 Mrs. S. González email@example.com Conference Period: 1:29-2: Ext Note to student Welcome to your Spanish II class. This syllabus is intended to provide you with information pertinent to this class. Be advised that all HCISD and HHS guidelines, policies and procedures will be enforced. I am looking forward to this new term and to your continued academic success. Texts Expresate! 2 Course Description This course is designed to facilitate listening, speaking, reading comprehension, reading and writing. There is a rearrangement of previously learned materials at a more advanced and independent level. Projects Students will be required to do PowerPoint(s) Presentations and oral presentations. Scope and Sequence of course See Attached Tutoring Schedule Monday 7:45-8:05 Monday-Thursday 4:10-4:30 Other times by appointment only Grading Policy Home/class work 50% Quizzes 20% Tests/Major Projects 30% Attendances and Makeup Work Make-up work is allowed if and when a students absence is an excused absent, student is absent because of a UIL, extracurricular, and/or school activity. Make up policy is to give the student the same amount of time to make up work as the time that they were absent (ex. 3 days absent = 3 days to make up work). If a student is absent (unexcused) the missing grades will remain zeros until a correction is made at the attendance office by the parent. 2 Materials 1. 3-ring binder (for organization see attachment) 2. pen/pencil 3. paper 4. pen drive (or writable cd) 5. 1 st pd- box of tissue 2 nd pd-box of markers 3 rd pd-hand sanitizer 4 th pd-box of map colors 5 th pd-construction paper *Electronics will be used at the discretion of the teacher for instructional purposes. 1. Follow Directions 2. Follow School Rules 3. Bring All Materials 4. Stay Alert 5. No Cursing, Bullying, Putdowns Verbal Praise Positive notes, reports, phone calls Special Privileges/motivators Verbal Warning Above; Parent Contact Above; Parent Contact Above; Detention After School Above; Essay/ Administration Rules Positives Test Buddy Floating A Drop lowest Grade Consequences Severe Clause Fighting, vandalism, overt defiance, stopping class from functioning: Immediate Removal and Sent to Administrator Parents, Welcome to the new school year. I am so excited to be able to work with your child. This course is designed to facilitate listening, speaking, reading comprehension, reading and writing. There is a rearrangement of previously learned materials at a more advanced and independent level. I expect that each student will take responsibility for his/her own success and that they will come prepared every day and ready to learn. Working together with you and your child, we will have a successful school year. If at any time during the semester you have any questions regarding your child s progress, do not hesitate to call. My conference is during 7th period, from 1:29-2:17. Your child should also be familiar with the syllabus as there is some important information for them. Mrs. S. González 3 Please sign and return: Parent Signature Student Signature Phone number Date Parent s address 4 Harlingen High School Spanish 2 - Scope & Sequence Capítulo 1 Vocabulary Functions Grammar Familiares y amigos Describe friends and family members Ask about people, routines, and activities Nouns, adjectives, and gustar pp Celebrations and preparations Express like & dislikes Present tense of regular and stem-changing verbs Parts of the house Offering help and talking about chores Present tense of E I stemchanging verbs and irregular verbs Household chores Talking about plans & places Reflexive pronouns Family members Idioms with Tener Travel plans and activities Verbs followed by infinitives Present Progressive Ir a with infinitivos Direct object pronouns Affirmative and negative informal commands Capítulo 2 Vocabulary Functions Grammar En el Professions Ask what people do for a living Indirect objects & pronouns vecindario Work-related verbs Introducing people Dar, decir pp Parts of the house Describing a house Saber and conocer Furniture Saying what needs to be done Ser and Estar and complaining Chores Prepositions Hacer and ir Preterite of regular verbs Capítulo 3 Vocabulary Functions Grammar Pueblos y Names of stores Ask for information Impersonal se Ciudades pp Places around town Ask where someone went and what he or she did Preterite of car, -gar, and zar verbs Places in the city Ask for and give directions Preterite: conocer, andar, tener, venir, dar, ver Ordinal numbers Ask for clarification Commands: formal, irregular formal, with pronouns Object and reflexive pronouns with commands Capítulo 4 Vocabulary Functions Grammar Mantente en forma! pp Competitions Talk about how something turned out Irregular preterites: ponerse,decir, ser, estar Emotional reactions Reacting to events Preterite of stem-changing ir verbs Parts of the body Talk about getting hurt Verbs with reflexive pronouns and direct objects Injuries and illnesses Ask for and give advice Past participles used as adjectives 5 Treatments and advice Use of articles with parts of body Preterite of caerse 6 Capítulo 5 Vocabulary Functions Grammar Día a día Routine activities Telling someone to hurry Preterite of poder and traer pp Getting ready Reminding someone to do something More verbs with reflexive pronouns Pastimes and interests Expressing interest and disinterest Reflexive and direct object pronouns Time expressions Talking about how long something has been going on Possessive pronouns Negative expressions Hace with time expressions Pero and sino Capítulo 6 Vocabulary Functions Grammar Recuerdos Childhood activities Talk about what you used to like Imperfect tense pp and dislike Toys and games Say what you used to do and Imperfect of ir and ver what you wanted to be Adjectives to describe people Describe people and things in the past Verbs with reciprocal pronouns Life events Talk about an emotional reaction Imperfect of ser and haber Preterite with mental and emotional states Preterite: creer, construer, leer, and oir Caerle a uno Capítulo 7 Vocabulary Functions Grammar Buen Menu words Ordering in a restaurant Double object pronouns provecho! pp Restaurant terms Talk about how food tastes Commands with double object pronouns Food terms and measurements Talk about your diet Reflexive pronouns with a direct object Adjectives to describe food Describe the preparation of food Adverbs More uses of the imperfect Past participles used as adjectives Capítulo 8 Vocabulary Functions Grammar Tiendas y Buying and selling terms Talk about trying on clothes and Imperfect and preterite puestos pp Adjectives to describe clothing how they fit Talk about shopping for clothes Using the imperfect or ir a + infinitive Handicrafts, jewelry, and materials Bargaining in a market Comparatives and superlatives Stating preferences Por and para Demonstrative adjectives ese and aquel Adverbs of place 7 Adjectives as nouns Title: Exprésate! Subject/Course: Spanish II Topic: Familiares y amigos Chapter 1 Grades: 8 th 12 th Designer(s): Spanish teachers STAGE 1 DESIRED RESULTS Content Standard(s) Communication: A.1.2.1, A.1.2.3, More informationSPANISH 2 REALIDADES PACING GUIDE (2011-2012) SPANISH 2 REALIDADES PACING GUIDE (2011-2012) Chapter Topics Objectives Grammar SOL Standards 1 st nine weeks Para Empezar PREP 1A Descriptive Adjectives Nationalities Daily Activities Asking Questions More informationMasconomet Regional High School Curriculum Guide Masconomet Regional High School Curriculum Guide Course Title: Spanish II CP Course Number: 4311 Department: Foreign Languages Grade Level and Phase: 9 College Prep Length of Course: Year Course Description: More informationUnit 1, September TB Preliminary Lesson Unit 2, October TB Unit 5 Lesson 1 What do you and your family like to eat? Unit 1, September TB Preliminary Lesson Unit 2, October TB Unit 5 Lesson 1 What do you and your family like to eat? Do you live in an apartment or a house? What do you do for fun when you are not in school? More informationSPANISH III CP STUDENTS WILL BE ABLE TO: Masconomet Regional High School Curriculum Guide Course Title: Spanish III CP Course Number: 4321 Department: Foreign Language Grade Level and Phase: 10 College Prep Length of Course: Year See also Spanish More informationBOOKS/ RESOURCES. Span1 CONTENT SKILLS BUILDING TO PBA COMMON CORE SKILLS UNIT 1 Span1 CONTENT SKILLS BUILDING TO PBA COMMON CORE SKILLS UNIT 1 Cómo te llamas? Self Identifications Ask for and give names Ask for tell where someone is from Ask for and state age Greet people and say More informationGaston County Schools Spanish 2 Pacing Guide MARKING PERIOD #1 Home Life and Social Life ESSENTIAL STANDARDS: CLARIFYING OBJECTIVES NM CLL 1.1, 1.2, 2.1, 2.2, 2.5, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3 NM COD 1.1, 1.2, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 3.1, 3.2, 4.1, 4.2 NM More informationWelcome to Spanish Class! Welcome to Spanish Class! 1. My name is Mrs. Dinsmore-Talbott. You may call me that, or since it is such a long name, you may call me Mrs. D-T. Please don t call me Hey teacher! WEBSS Goal #1: 2. Materials More information2 nd Year Spanish 2014-2015 Tema Week Dates: Theme/Grammar/Unit/Chapter(s) 1 September 4-5 1 2 day week 2 September 8-12 En la clase Con mis amigos Introducción al curso & presentaciones/evaluaciones preliminares Intro: Hola, Qué More informationLanguage B Spanish. Grade 6. Grade/Phase/ Unit 6th Grade Phase 1-2 Unit 1. Time Frame Language B Spanish Language B Aims and Objectives Gr. 6-10 (See MYP Guide) Assessment Criteria (See MYP Guide) PHASE 1-2 PHASE 2-4 PHASE 4-5 Grade 6 Grade/Phase/ Unit 6th Grade Unit 1 6th Grade Unit 2 More informationPacing Schedule for Spanish 1 Realidades series, Prentice Hall Pacing Schedule for Spanish 1 Realidades series, Prentice Hall QUARTER 1: Para empezar, capítulos 1A, 1B y 2A A. Listening and speaking: students will be able to engage in 1-2 minute 1. Greet people at More informationSPANISH 30 IB 2015-2016 SPANISH 30 IB. 2015 2016 SEMESTER ONE AND TWO (FULL YEAR COURSE) G. Noce Saporito Gina.NoceSaporito@ecsd. SPANISH 30-3Y IB-DP 2015 2016 SEMESTER ONE AND TWO (FULL YEAR COURSE) G. Noce Saporito email@example.com A. COURSE OBJECTIVES The aim of Alberta Learning s 2006 Spanish Language and Culture 10, More informationMore details >>> HERE <<< More details >>> HERE http://pdfo.org/verbar/pdx/comw3122/ Tags: online, verbarrator - spanish verb conjugation software user review, spanish More informationEAST PENNSBORO AREA COURSE: LFS 430 SCHOOL DISTRICT Unit: Introduction Days: 5 days Key Learning(s): Classroom commands, colors, numbers, alphabet, cognates TPR Unit Essential Question(s): How do I begin to speak Classroom Commands Colors Numbers How do More informationBexley City School World Language Program Overview Bexley City School World Language Program Overview Communication express needs, feelings, and opinions. provide and obtain information. understand spoken and written language. function in authentic situations. More informationSPANISH ESSENTIAL CURRICULUM UNIT 1 UNIT OVERVIEW: Students will meet the curricular goals and objectives by: Responding to and initiating greetings and farewells Spelling and providing names Describing people and their personalities More informationAdlai E. Stevenson High School Course Description Adlai E. Stevenson High School Course Description Division: World Languages Course Number: SPA201, SPA202 Course Title: Spanish 2 Course Description: Students continue to develop listening, speaking, reading, More informationStudy Skills. Photos of Salamanca Dialogs with pictures Chats DVD Spanish curriculum (3rd Foreign Language) Grade 10 4 lessons a week Textbook : Encuentros 1, Edición 3000 (Cornelsen) Additional materials: Books, Newspapers, Comics, Pictures, Songs, Movies, News, Sketches More informationPROFICIENCY TARGET FOR END OF INSTRUCTION, SPANISH I PROFICIENCY TARGET FOR END OF INSTRUCTION, SPANISH I NOVICE-MID Writers at the Novice-Mid level are able to copy or transcribe familiar words or phrases, and reproduce from memory a modest number of isolated More informationNew Paltz Central School District. Spanish 2. Cómo está? Vs. Cómo es? Tenses: Present UNIT 1: Personal Identification a. Biographical Information 1. Name 2. Age 3. Nationality 4. Address and Phone number 5. Place and date of birth 6. Family b. Physical Characteristics 1. Height and weight More informationSpanish III Curriculum Map. Nevada/National Standards Spanish III Curriculum Map Nevada/National s 1.1: Students engage in conversations, provide and obtain information, express feelings and emotions, and exchange opinions 1.2: Students understand and interpret More information2015.16 Spanish I, Quarter 4 2015.16 Spanish I, Quarter 4 Big Ideas/Key Concepts: Students will discuss and write about what is going on right now. Students will continue to improve their reading, writing, listening and speaking abilities More informationAcalanes Union High School District Adopted: 6/25/14 SUBJECT AREA WORLD LANGUAGE Adopted: 6/25/14 SUBJECT AREA WORLD LANGUAGE COURSE TITLE: GRADE LEVEL: Grades 9-12 COURSE LENGTH: One Year PREREQUISITE: Spanish 1 or equivalent experience CREDIT: 10 units UC/CSU CREDIT: Receives UC/CSU More informationGranite Oaks Middle School Granite Oaks Middle School Señorita Moss Foreign Language Department Room: B5 Office Hours: by appointment; before & after school (916) 315-9009 Ext. 3205 firstname.lastname@example.com Welcome to Granite Oaks More informationTopics for Anda! in book vs. syllabus S200 Spanish 3 Honors, ACP. Preliminar A: Para empezar. In book: S200 Spanish 3 Honors, ACP Preliminar A: Para empezar gender of nouns exceptions to gender rule plural of nouns definite vs. indefinite articles descriptive adjective rule of y vs. e and o vs. u before More informationSpanish Curriculum Grades 4-8 Spanish Curriculum Grades 4-8 Spanish Grade Four 1. Students will be introduced, recognize, and recite the Spanish Alphabet. 2. Students will recognize, recite and respond to simple Spanish greetings. More informationSpanish First Grade. S. I. Communication. S. II. Knowledge of Other Cultures. S. I. A. Vocabulary. S. I. B. Grammar Spanish First Grade 1. listen to and recite the alphabet 2. listen to and recite the days of the week 3. listen to and recite the months of the year 4. create My Spanish Book (cover) 5. listen to and recite More informationEspañol Elemental. Repaso por el examen parcial Capítulos 3B, 4A, 4B, 5A. Fechas del Examen- Speaking- Essay and Short Answer- Listening and reading- Point breakdown 13 Speaking 10 Listening 20 Reading 42- Essay (2 questions x 21 points each) 15- Short Answer (5 questions x 3 points each) Español Elemental Repaso por el examen parcial Capítulos 3B, More informationSpanish 3 Course Summary Department: World Languages. Semester 1 Spanish 3 Course Summary Department: World Languages Semester 1 Learning Objective #1 Students will increase their Spanish bank to 1400 words and be able to use them in speaking, writing, listening and More informationDepartment of Portuguese University of Massachusetts Dartmouth Spring 2014 Portuguese 102- Department of Portuguese University of Massachusetts Dartmouth Spring 2014 Portuguese 102- Class time: Instructor: MWF e-mail: Office hrs: COURSE OBJECTIVES: Portuguese 102 is the second course in a four-course More informationPELLISSIPPI STATE COMMUNITY COLLEGE MASTER SYLLABUS BEGINNING SPANISH I SPAN 1010. Laboratory Hours: 0.0 Date Revised: Summer 10 PELLISSIPPI STATE COMMUNITY COLLEGE MASTER SYLLABUS BEGINNING SPANISH I SPAN 1010 Class Hours: 3.0 Credit Hours: 3.0 Laboratory Hours: 0.0 Date Revised: Summer 10 Catalog Course Description: Introduction More informationUNIT SKILLS TYPES OF ASSESSMENT 1. Repaso. Introduce/review material from Avancemos 1A text (units 1-4) Reading activities Describing classes 1. Repaso Introduce/review material from Avancemos 1A text (units 1-4) Flashcards Speaking activities Antes de Avanzar Describing self and others Listening activities Review and Introduction Daily schedules More informationCENTRAL TEXAS COLLEGE SYLLABUS FOR SPAN 1411/1412 BEGINNING SPANISH I & II. Semester Hours Credit: 4/4 INSTRUCTOR: OFFICE HOURS: CENTRAL TEXAS COLLEGE SYLLABUS FOR BEGINNING SPANISH I & II Semester Hours Credit: 4/4 INSTRUCTOR: OFFICE HOURS: I. INTRODUCTION A. This course is designed to help learners build proficiency in Spanish More informationCURRICULUM GUIDE SPANISH FOUR HADDAM-KILLINGWORTH HIGH SCHOOL July 2005/revised April 2008 COURSE: Spanish 4 CURRICULUM GUIDE SPANISH FOUR HADDAM-KILLINGWORTH HIGH SCHOOL July 2005/revised April 2008 Prepared by: William Bartholomew Corey Borzain Consuelo Magleby LENGTH OF COURSE: One year, More informationSPANISH Kindergarten SPANISH Kindergarten Use Junior SYMTALK workbook Recognize 80+ Vocabulary words Recognize basic greetings and courtesies. Identify colors and numbers 1-10 Develop reading skills using pictures to identify More informationCOURSE OBJECTIVES SPAN 100/101 ELEMENTARY SPANISH LISTENING. SPEAKING/FUNCTIONAl KNOWLEDGE SPAN 100/101 ELEMENTARY SPANISH COURSE OBJECTIVES This Spanish course pays equal attention to developing all four language skills (listening, speaking, reading, and writing), with a special emphasis on More informationSYLLABUS COURSE TITLES: 5 6/IB SL I SYLLABUS COURSE TITLES: Spanish 5 6/IB SL I Clackamas Community College equivalents: SPN 101: First Year Spanish I: 4 credits First term of a three term foundational, multimedia course for beginners. Initial More informationCURRICULUM MAP/UNIT LESSON PLAN. TEACHER: Gilda Talamante COURSE: Spanish - Advanced Intermediate CURRICULUM MAP/UNIT LESSON PLAN TEACHER: Gilda Talamante COURSE: Spanish - Advanced Intermediate UNIT/ORGANIZING PRINCIPLE: PACING: Introduction to the Spanish Language Preliminary Chapter: Term 1 ESSENTIAL More informationCurriculum Guide (including Course Objectives, Weekly Content, and Scope and Sequence) HS Spanish II Curriculum Guide (including Course Objectives, Weekly Content, and Scope and Sequence) WLG200: Spanish II Course Description Students continue their introduction to Spanish with fundamental More informationSir John Cass Red Coat School Programme of Study Key Stage 4 Subject: Spanish Sir John Cass Red Coat School Programme of Study Key Stage 4 Subject: Spanish 1 Year 10 Year 11 Topics Covered/ Areas of Focus: Leisure - Free Time and the Media Free time activities Shopping, money, fashion More information90 HOURS PROGRAMME LEVEL A1 90 HOURS PROGRAMME LEVEL A1 GENERAL AIMS On completing this course, students should be able to: be familiar with the Spanish alphabet letters and signs and relate them to the corresponding sounds. recognise More informationSpending class entirely off-task (i.e. with headphones on, texting throughout class, or sleeping) will result in being counted absent. Instructor: Ms. Kelsey Treusdell Contact: email@example.com Department of Languages, Cultures and Communication Elementary Spanish 1-- Spanish 131.005 Fall 2015 Class time: MWF 9-9:50 am Class location: More informationTUFTS UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ROMANCE LANGUAGES SPANISH 001 Online course TUFTS UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ROMANCE LANGUAGES SPANISH 001 Online course The Department of Romance Languages is committed to educating students in the corresponding languages and cultures, both at home More informationMedical Spanish for the Health Professionals: First Semester SPAN 289, Section 500 Tues./Thurs., 2:20-3:35 p.m., Zach 119C Department of Hispanic Studies http://hisp.tamu.edu Fall Semester, 2014 Medical Spanish for the Health Professionals: First Semester SPAN 289, Section 500 Tues./Thurs., 2:20-3:35 p.m., Zach 119C Instructor: More informationTeacher: Course Name: Spanish I Year. World Language Department Saugus High School Saugus Public Schools Week 1 Week 2 Capítulo Preliminar 1. Intro to Spanish speaking world/nombres en Espanol 2. Frases útiles/ los cognados 3. El Alfabeto 4. Los Colores 5. Los números (0-30) and 1.3 Students present information, More informationThe New Forest Small School The New Forest Small School Spanish For Children Aged 11 to 16 OCR GCSE in Spanish J732 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES To provide: A meaningful and enjoyable educational experience Known and achievable but challenging More informationSubject: Spanish as a Foreign Language, Middle School Program Subject: Spanish as a Foreign Language, Middle School Program Overview: The Spanish as a Foreign Language Program at BNS focuses on the development of communication and comprehension skills. The Middle More informationOverview of the Spanish 1 Course Syllabus: Español 1 Mr. / Sr. Rogina HAIS Houston Academy for International Studies Textbook: Realidades 1 (Prentice Hall) Materials: textbook, pen/pencil, notebook Overview of the Spanish 1 Course During More informationSubject: Ms. Brandee Calendar: Trimeframe: 1st Semester Level/Grade: Spanish I O'Mary Year 2008 2009 School 1st 6 weeks Secondary Exprésate! Subject: Ms. Brandee Calendar: Trimeframe: 1st Semester Level/Grade: Spanish I O'Mary Year 2008 2009 School 1st 6 weeks Secondary Chapeter 2 A conocernos Vocabulario Chapter 1 Empecemos! Vocabulario More informationYear 10/13 Preparation to AS examination. Spanish tradition La romeria del Rocio reading comprehension. Subject SPANISH ADVANCED Year 10/13 Preparation to AS examination Week Unit Title Aims 1 My world My country, My family and Genealogical tree. Vocabulary: relatives Spanish tradition La romeria del Rocio More informationSUNY PURCHASE ONLINE BASIC SPANISH I SPA 1010 SYLLABUS SUNY PURCHASE ONLINE BASIC SPANISH I SPA 1010 SYLLABUS Prof. Deborah K. Symons Contact: firstname.lastname@example.com Office Hours: TBA in Moodle. ONLINE E-TEXT - Required: Interactive E-Book ENLINEA v.3.0. More informationSpanish 1512.253 (TR 9:30 10:50) Course Calendar Spring 2015 1 Spanish 1512.253 (TR 9:30 10:50) Course Calendar Spring 2015 U: Unidos etext: Electronic Textbook (See MySpanishLab at http://myspanishlab.com/) Audio for the activities in the hardcopy of the Classroom More informationManvel Junior High School Spanish 1B - Señora L. Vélez Manvel Junior High School Spanish 1B - Señora L. Vélez Course Description: Spanish 1B is the second half of an introductory course to the basic sounds and structure of Spanish language, including pronunciation, More informationDivision of Arts, Humanities & Wellness Department of World Languages and Cultures. Course Syllabus SPANISH I LAN 113 Division of Arts, Humanities & Wellness Department of World Languages and Cultures Course Syllabus SPANISH I LAN 113 Semester and Year: Spring 2012 Course and Section number: 113-003/ 113-010 Meeting Times: More informationKnowledge. Subject Knowledge Audit - Spanish Meta-linguistic challenges full some none Knowledge Subject Knowledge Audit - Spanish Meta-linguistic challenges full some none Draw up a list of useful Proper nouns in Spanish eg la Península Ibérica, el Reino Unido, la Comunidad Europea, Don More informationFrench Curriculum Grades 4-8 French Curriculum Grades 4-8 French Grade Four: 1. Students will be introduced, recognize, and recite the French alphabet. 2. Students will recognize, recite and respond to simple French greetings. 3. More information6 th Grade Spanish Curriculum 6 th Grade Spanish Curriculum Mendham Township Middle School Unit 1 Bienvenidos al Español! Summary: In Unit 1 the students will review greetings and farewells, days of the week, months of the year, weather, More informationCOURSE TITLE: Spanish III/IV Honors GRADE LEVELS: 11-12 COURSE TITLE: Spanish III/IV Honors GRADE LEVELS: 11-12 COURSE DESCRIPTION: Honors Spanish III/IV is the third and fourth course in the sequence in preparing students for the Advanced Placement Test in More informationCOURSE SYLLABUS Spring 2012 COURSE SYLLABUS Spring 2012 Course name: Spanish 1B-05 (4 units) Course Call #: 31416 Days & Hours: MW 2:00PM 2:50PM TuTh 1:30 PM -2:20 PM Classroom : Mariposa Hall 2030 Instructor s Name Magaly Lagunas-S. More informationSpanish 003 Syllabus Spring 2016 Spanish 003 Syllabus Spring 2016 Class grading scale, assessment categories and percentages can be found in the Spanish 2 & 3 policies document. It is your responsibility to read and understand the course More informationGMAT.cz www.gmat.cz firstname.lastname@example.com. GMAT.cz KET (Key English Test) Preparating Course Syllabus Lesson Overview of Lesson Plan Numbers 1&2 Introduction to Cambridge KET Handing Over of GMAT.cz KET General Preparation Package Introduce Methodology for Vocabulary Log Introduce Methodology for Grammar More information& 1b. Nueva York. you are from; Numbers from 1 to 10; Exchanging phone numbers; Days of the week; The weather; Classroom phrases. Levels 1a & 1b 1a Preliminar Unidad 1 Unidad 2 Unidad 3 Unidad 4 1b Unidad 5 Unidad 6 Unidad 7 Unidad 8 Repaso Hola! Nueva York Greetings; Introductions; Saying where The Spanish alphabet you are from; More informationSpanish IA Grade Levels 9 12 Spanish IA Grade Levels 9 12 Spanish IA addresses the following: vocabulary, grammar, pronunciation, reading, and writing in Spanish basic conversational skills alphabet and numbers common greetings and More informationBeechwood High School Spanish 1 Syllabus Beechwood High School Spanish 1 Syllabus Teacher: Liz Cobb Phone: 331-1220 EXT. 6301 Room: 301 Email: email@example.com Office Hours: 4 th period or by appointment Website: beechwood.kyschools.us/webpages/lcobb More informationCourse ID: CRSKL7E-4006829 (to register in MySpanishLab) Text Material Covered: Spanish XL 2: Capítulo 5 through Capítulo 10 SUMMER 2013 Elementary Spanish XL 2/Units: 4 / Reg#: Z1759 SATURDAYS: 9:00 am 1:00 pm.: June 29 th Sept. 14 th (11 mtgs/no mtg 08/31) UCLA: Room 162 Dodd Hall Instructor: Emilia Chuquin, PhD. Required More informationBSD Spanish 1 Scope and Sequence August 2011 BSD Spanish 1 Scope and Sequence August 2011 Greetings & Introductions What happens in the school day Numbers Time Naming parts of the body How do I greet and take leave of people? How do I introduce others More informationTHE GALLOWAY SCHOOL YEAR-AT-A-GLANCE Where Magnificent Minds Thrive! SPANISH 1 ST QUARTER SING-N-SPEAK SPANISH - YEAR 4 1 ST QUARTER STANDARDS: SING-N-SPEAK - YEAR 4 Standard 1: Students engage in conversations, provide and obtain information, express feelings and preferences, and exchange ideas and opinions. 1FL-R1 Greet More informationFirst Year Spanish I SPAN 111 Summer 2015 MTWR First Year Spanish I SPAN 111 Summer 2015 MTWR Instructor: Office: Office Hours: Email: Phone Number: Overview Bienvenidos! Welcome to Spanish 111, the first semester in UNR s Basic Spanish Language Program More informationThe following points should be addressed when preparing course outlines. Course Outlines The following points should be addressed when preparing course outlines. Name of the course: SPANISH IV V HONORS, YEAR 2 Course description: In two to three paragraphs, describe the course More informationCurso académico 2015/2016 INFORMACIÓN GENERAL ESTRUCTURA Y CONTENIDOS HABILIDADES: INGLÉS Curso académico 2015/2016 INFORMACIÓN GENERAL ESTRUCTURA Y CONTENIDOS HABILIDADES: INGLÉS Objetivos de Habilidades: inglés El objetivo de la prueba es comprobar que el alumno ha adquirido un nivel B1 (dentro More informationLanguage Acquisition: Spanish Unit title Key & Related Concepts Global con Statement of Inquiry MYP objectives ATL skills Content (topics, knowledge, skills) Unit 1 6 th grade Hola Lexion Preliminar Connection Function (identity formation) More informationPre-requisite: LAN 113, with a grade C or better or equivalent placement. Division of Arts, Humanities & Wellness Department of World Languages and Cultures Course Syllabus SPANISH II LAN 230 Semester and Year: Spring 2014 Course and Section number: 230- Meeting Times: Location: More informationGeneral Course Policies SPN 102: Fundamentals of Spanish II Spring 2015 Section D01 Instructor: Jennifer Tusing Email: firstname.lastname@example.com Office: AAB 324 Phone: 410-334-2877 Office Hours: MW 2:30-4:30; TR 4:00-4:30 Course Description: More informationPortuguese as Foreign Language Level A.1 Portuguese as Foreign Language Level A.1 SYLLABUS NON-DEGREE GRANTING 1. CURRICULAR UNIT Portuguese as Foreign Language Level A.1 2. MAIN SCIENTIFIC AREA, according to Portaria nº 256/2005, of March 16 More informationAdlai E. Stevenson High School Course Description Division: World Languages Course Number: SPA301, SPA302 Course Title: Spanish 3 Adlai E. Stevenson High School Course Description Course Description: Speaking, listening, reading and writing activities More informationSouth Plains College Communications Department. Course Syllabus Cover Page Spanish 1512 Section 001 Fall 2015. Instructor: Rob Ramos South Plains College Communications Department Course Syllabus Cover Page Spanish 1512 Section 001 Fall 2015 Instructor: Rob Ramos South Plains College Arts and Sciences Division Communication Department More informationSPAN 100, Sections 7, 8, and 10 PLAN DEL CURSO PRIMAVERA 2012 SPAN 100, Sections 7, 8, and 10 PLAN DEL CURSO PRIMAVERA 2012 Instructor: Mr. Gutiérrez. Email: firstname.lastname@example.com. Office: 40 Burrowes Building, C. 11. Office Hours: MWF 4-5 or by appointment. Office Phone: More informationA student s grade and progress in Web-SAM can be viewed by clicking on the My Results tab on the Supersite homepage. Spanish 102 Instructor: Emily Masó Spring Semester 2011 Office: LWH 2034 Section 1 MWF 9-9:50am Phone: 773.442.4732 LWH 4006 E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com Office hours: MWF 10:00-11:00 am Course Objective: The More informationMonth Concept/Theme Content Skills 1 st week in September Duration: 5 weeks Preliminary Unit & Personal Identification Numbers Days Months Seasons Adjectives Weather Time Salutations Nationalities Interview type questions Present tense More informationINSTRUCTION Means to the End Product, How You Teach ESSENTIAL QUESTION: What is the larger question that we are investigating with our learning in this segment of instruction? 8 th Grade TIME FRAME [By Month/ Quarter] 1 st Quarter 1.1 5.2 STANDARD OR BENCHMARK More informationThe following points should be addressed when preparing course outlines. Course Outlines The following points should be addressed when preparing course outlines. Name of the course: For example, Algebra I Honors SPANISH IV V HONORS, YEAR 1 Course description: In two to three More informationStudy Center in Monteverde, Costa Rica Study Center in Monteverde, Costa Rica Course name: Beginning Spanish Language I Course number: SPAN 1001 MTVE Programs offering course: Sustainability and the Environment Language of instruction: Spanish More informationTraining Programme in Spanish as a Foreign Language. Syllabus Beginner Level Spanish Training Programme in Spanish as a Foreign Language Syllabus Beginner Level Spanish 1 Course Syllabus Beginner Level Spanish (A1 CEFR) Idiomes UPF SPANISH LEVEL 1 (A1 CEFR) July 2015 Total number of hours: More informationPROGRAMA DE ASIGNATURA PROGRAMA DE INGLES Curriculum CARRERA: N SIGLA INU111 NOMBRE ASIGNATURA Inglés para la carrera de Turismo 08 Créditos 72 Hrs Semestrales Requisitos: Prueba de Diagnóstico Fecha Actualización: Julio 2009 More informationopenmind 1 Practice Online Macmillan Practice Online is the easy way to get all the benefits of online learning and with over 100 courses to choose from, covering all competence levels and ranging from business English to exam practice More informationDEPARTMENT OF HISPANIC STUDIES TEXAS A & M UNIVERSITY BEGINNING SPANISH I (SPAN 101) Fall 2015 DEPARTMENT OF HISPANIC STUDIES TEXAS A & M UNIVERSITY BEGINNING SPANISH I (SPAN 101) Fall 2015 Instructor: Inti Yanes Office: ACAD 208 Office hours: MIDTERM E-mail: email@example.com FINAL EXAM Placement: More informationSPAN 2002 B: Intermediate Spanish II 1 SPAN 2002 B: Intermediate Spanish II Spring 2015 Department of English and Foreign Languages http://www.gru.edu/colleges/pamplin/efl/ Georgia Regents University http://facebook.com/fl.gruaugusta Class More informationLivingston Public Schools Scope and Sequence K 6 Grammar and Mechanics Grade and Unit Timeframe Grammar Mechanics K Unit 1 6 weeks Oral grammar naming words K Unit 2 6 weeks Oral grammar Capitalization of a Name action words K Unit 3 6 weeks Oral grammar sentences Sentence More informationCalifornia State University, Northridge Summer Academic Enrichment Program. Spanish IIIAB California State University, Northridge Summer Academic Enrichment Program Spanish IIIAB A G Subject Area Fulfillment : Meets two semesters of the (E) Language Other Than English graduation requirement. More informationResources: Encore Tricolore 1 (set textbook), Linguascope, Boardworks, languagesonline, differentiated resources devised by MFL staff. CURRICULUM PLAN MODERN FOREIGN LANGUAGES YEAR 7 FRENCH Resources: Encore Tricolore 1 (set textbook), Linguascope, Boardworks, languagesonline, differentiated resources devised by MFL staff. TERM ONE Introductory More informationSpanish II Summer Assignment Spanish II Summer Assignment Práctica Español durante el verano! Disfrútalo, mejóralo, y documéntalo! Exposure to foreign language outside of the classroom is critical. The purpose of this assignment is More informationSpanish 201 LMV, 10-10:50 AM o 11-11:50 AM Fall Otoño 2011 Centenary College Spanish 201 LMV, 10-10:50 AM o 11-11:50 AM Fall Otoño 2011 Centenary College Profesora: Maureen Murov Oficina: Jackson Hall, 306-B Email: firstname.lastname@example.com Tel: 869-525? Horas de Consulta: Martes y More informationGRAMMAR STRUCTURES STRATEGIES ACTIVITIES MATERIAL EVALUATION AGRUPAMENTO DE ESCOLAS DR. VIEIRA DE CARVALHO ESCOLA BÁSICA E SECUNDÁRIA DR. VIEIRA DE CARVALHO DEPARTAMENTO DE LÍNGUAS PLANIFICAÇÃO ANUAL DE INGLÊS 7º ANO 1º PERÍODO ANO LECTIVO 2015-2016 NO. OF LESSONS: More informationUseful classroom language for Elementary students. (Fluorescent) light Useful classroom language for Elementary students Classroom objects it is useful to know the words for Stationery Board pens (= board markers) Rubber (= eraser) Automatic pencil Lever arch file Sellotape More informationDept. Office Thatcher 204 Telephone: 974-5647 Fax: 974-5848 The University of Central Oklahoma Liberal Arts College Department of Modern Languages, Literatures, and Cultural Studies Elementary Spanish II, SPAN 1224 Fall 2015 Days: Mondays and Wednesdays (MW) Dept. More informationDEPT. OF MODERN LANGUAGES: MMC (305)348 2851 OFFICE: 486 A Department of Modern Languages SYLLABUS COURSE: SPN 1130, SPANISH I FOR NON HERITAGE LEARNERS MODALITY: Homework based TERM: Spring 2015 DAYS: Monday, Wednesday, Friday CREDIT: 5 semester hours PREREQUISITE: More information
In the middle part of the nineteenth-century, it appeared that the American establishment had overcome the instabilities of its beginning stages. What had started as an inefficient and disorganized alliance of thirteen territories was able to cultivate a nationalistic pride at the great democracy that they have built. The destructions of the Revolutionary War of distant times and subsequent struggles of unity were forgotten by a new generation. Under a veneer of peace and contentment, discord was threatening to bring down the United States. For much of the previous century, racial tensions dominated the public eye. They had been a focal point of attention ever since 1808 when the controversial issue of slavery became a matter for federal division. Unsurprisingly, ethnicity features prominently in the literature of this era. External influences have always had an impact on human psychology. Numerous works that date back to this era chronicle interactions between Caucasian settlers, other U.S. citizens, and their descendants. Many of these individuals are from Africa. However, Anglo Saxon prejudices toward black slaves were rivaled in many narratives. Paranoia whites who harvested American Indians for their own purposes was also reflected in many of these accounts. The federal government took action on several fears concerning Native Americans through policies of forced displacement. Nathanial Hawthorne's The Scarlet Letter is a good example of how this obsession with bloodline preservation shaped national ideologies and infected the intellectual outputs of the 1800s. The plot's beginning is where the narrative's undertones become evident. Chapter one is centred around a rosebush that can be seen on the prison's exterior. The flower symbolizes the passion that is associated with the inmate and helps to show the contrast between the harshness displayed by the Puritan community which is very civilized, as well as the impact of nature on the city's austerity. The forest and its inhabitants are attracted and repelled by the religious pilgrims, just like the beautiful and dangerous plant. It is clear from the beginning that the relationship between the heroine's pregnancies and the spheres of Indian are clearly defined. Hester, standing on top of the scaffold, is interrupted by her defiance when she sees her long lost spouse. "An Indian in his native dress stood beside a white woman, who was wearing a bizarre disarray between civilized clothing and savage clothes." (Hawthorne 52). The tale begins with suspicions about the paternity the infant Pryne is carrying. The community is now at a point where they have reached a conclusion that involves committing a graver sin than faith. Hester is obtuse in refusing to name her partner in the crime. The gravity of these religious felonies means that the townsfolk can't know how far the sinner goes. It is possible that she was infidelity with a foreign heathen. The outlet through which the horrors and fantasies of pale men are expressed is the mysterious physician. His "heterogeneous attire" (53), is a mixture of the terrors, verities, and rumors that Salemites have created to satisfy their curiosity and preconceptions about the scandal. Hester's action to move to the disused cottage is similar. The heroine becomes more familiar with the lifestyle of the redman both physically and metaphorically. Hester's decision that she will move to the outskirts instead of being independent is one of matrimony. In this way, she has chosen to give herself over to the darkest possibilities and suggestions from the woods. This behaviour is suspect to the society scrutiny that she is trying escape. The book contains a strong connection between the fruits from the protagonist's affairs and the realmsof the nomad. The titular seal of shame is given to the child, who is endowed with a variety of properties. Pearl is a fitting product of her mother's lawlessness. She, "was indeed the Scarlet Letter in another form; The Scarlet Letter Endowed With Life!" (91) The little girl has a red face, both in her unique personality and in her emblem incarnate status. The seven-year old behaves with tantrums and docility. Pearl, in that era, continued Hester's spirit's warfare. She was able to recognize her wild, defiant, and flighty mood and the flightiness in her temper. These were now illuminated with the morning radiance that a young child's disposition gave them, but they might become more prolific of storms and whirlwind later in their day. (81) This disturbing sense of unpredictability mirrors notions that might easily connote an image of a giant-sized Indian that is incapable of imposing the necessary repressive measures that characterize civilized cultures. "Hester could never help questioning at such moments whether Pearl was an infant human child." (82) This is the totality of the doubtfulness expressed by the city where the pariah had been expelled. Pearl doesn't have a father. But, what is more, Pearl doesn't have a white father. She lacks the legitimacy of a Caucasian father and is therefore incomplete. She is therefore referred to by the narrator only as an "imperator" (83) and "demon offspring " (88). Dimmesdale's refusal to take on the public responsibilities he carries privately reinforces the importance of this mystery about paternity. Hester's child is just as sinful as the paganpagans, until all the questions surrounding her lineage are resolved. It's not ironic when the girl says, "I don't have a Heavenly Father!" (87). This progression is illustrated by Chillingworth's evolution. The village initially welcomes the old doctor, but he quickly loses popularity with the majority of Salem. The congregation members are compelled by the same intuitions as the third chapter which reflected the doctor's connections to dishonored Hester. They begin to see the former parent in a decidedly negative context. Summarising the matter, it became a widespread opinion that Reverend Arthur Dimmesdale was haunted by Satan or Satan's emissary in the disguise of Roger Chillingworth (114). When the author informs his audience that he has used the incantations of the "savage priests" to heal his patients, he stresses the fact that this was deliberate. The fictional portrayals of the relationship between indigenous and diabolical characters are accentuated to a point that requires the author to acknowledge the fact. The central conflict in the novel centers on the contradiction between reality and mass imagination. The Reverend is seen taking his place on the scaffold next to his family. An abbreviated reconciliation and open confession are more appropriate than the darkness of the veritable rainforest, the home to the redskin. Pearl kissed him. It was broken. It was a great scene of grief in which the wild infant had a part. Her tears fell on her father's cheek as they were her promise that she would not only grow up in human joy and sorrow but also in the world. Pearl's mission of being a messenger in anguish for her mother was complete (233). The truth behind the rumors and gossip that haunted Pearl for seven years is finally revealed. The child has a spotless lineage, and her innocence is restored. Her mother and she live normal lives that are unaffected by any misfortune or event. But certain stigmas will never go away, so Hester is back in New England. Hester will always be associated with the wild, the Indian, and eventually she accepts these associations. Hester's self-perception is heavily influenced by external opinion. Therefore, Hester gives in to the prejudices that will always link her with the carnal and bestial. The environment's power over an individual is often reflected in creative expression. The environment where they were born is a sign that artistic expressions will always bear their signatures. The Scarlet Letter acts as an imaginary past onto which Hawthorne transfers the miscegenation fears he experienced in the culture he lived in. The author's masterworks illustrates the grave consequences of ethnic divides during the era of such perversely homophobic policies, like the Trail of Tears. Works cited Hawthorne, Nathaniel. Nathaniel Hawthorne's novel, The Scarlet Letter, is about a woman who is punished for adultery and must wear a scarlet "A" as a sign of her sin.
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Solar power has numerous advantages, making it an increasingly popular choice for renewable energy. Solar panels, which are the main component of a solar power system, capture sunlight and convert it into electricity through a process called photovoltaic effect. The installation process involves mounting the panels on the roof or other suitable locations, connecting them to an inverter that converts the DC power from rigid solar panels into AC power, and wiring the system to the electrical circuit of your motorhome. It is important to ensure proper positioning and orientation of the panels to maximise their efficiency. Benefits of motorhome solar panels One major benefit of motorhome solar panels is that they provide you with a reliable and sustainable source of electricity while on the road. This means that you can power your appliances and devices without relying on external sources or worrying about running out of battery. The advantages of motorhome solar panels go beyond just convenience. They also offer environmental benefits by reducing your carbon footprint and reliance on fossil fuels. Additionally, solar panels can save you money in the long run by reducing your reliance on traditional power sources and decreasing your energy bills. However, it's important to consider the disadvantages as well, such as the initial cost of installation and the need for proper maintenance. With these advantages and disadvantages in mind, let's now move on to understanding the different types of solar panels for motorhomes. Motorhome insurance Motorhome insurance is not just a legal requirement, it's an essential piece of protection that safeguards your treasured home-on-wheels. Without insurance, the expenses could be devastating. It provides peace of mind, allowing you to relax and enjoy your travels. Start your adventure today! Call us now on 01865 818341 or click here for a motorhome insurance quote. Types of solar panels for motorhomes Now let's explore the different types of solar panels available for your motorhome. When it comes to equipping your motorhome with solar power, you have two main options: portable solar panels and flexible solar panels. Portable solar panels Portable solar panels are designed to be easily transported and set up wherever you need them. They are typically foldable and lightweight, making them a convenient choice for those who frequently move around. Flexible solar panel On the other hand, flexible solar panels are made with a thin and bendable material that allows them to conform to the shape of your vehicle or motorhome's roof. This makes them a great choice for motorhome owners who want a more integrated and streamlined look. Both options offer efficient solar power generation and can be easily adapted to meet your specific needs. Sizing your solar panel system Determining the size of your motorhome solar panel system is essential for maximising its power generation capabilities. To calculate the wattage requirements for your system, you need to consider your energy consumption and the amount of sunlight available. Start by assessing your daily energy needs, including appliances, lighting, and any other electrical devices you plan to use. Once you have a total wattage requirement, you can choose the right solar panel size. Maximising solar energy efficiency To maximise the efficiency of your motorhome solar panels, consider optimal solar panel kit placement, battery storage capacity, and efficient power consumption. Properly positioning your solar panels to receive maximum sunlight throughout the day will ensure optimal energy production. Additionally, investing in a battery storage system with sufficient capacity will allow you to store excess energy for later use. Finally, being mindful of your power consumption and using energy-efficient appliances and devices can help maximise the usage of your solar energy. Optimal panel placement When placing solar panels on your motorhome, it is important to consider their optimal placement to maximise solar energy efficiency. Here are three key factors to consider for optimal panel placement: - Panel Orientation: Positioning your solar panels to face true south (in the northern hemisphere) or true north (in the southern hemisphere) will ensure maximum exposure to sunlight throughout the day. This orientation allows the panels to capture the most sunlight and generate the highest possible energy output. - Shading Analysis: Before installing your solar panels, conduct a shading analysis to identify any potential obstructions that could block sunlight, such as trees, buildings, or other vehicles. Avoid placing panels in shaded areas, as this will significantly reduce their efficiency. - Tilt Angle: Adjusting the tilt angle of your solar panels based on your location and the season can further optimise their performance. In general, tilting the panels to match your latitude can maximise energy production. However, adjusting the tilt angle throughout the year can help capture more sunlight during different seasons. Battery storage capacity To maximise solar energy efficiency in your motorhome, it is important to consider the battery storage capacity. The battery performance plays an essential role in storing the electricity generated by the solar panels, ensuring that you have a sufficient power supply during times of low sunlight or at night. A higher storage capacity allows you to store more energy and reduces the risk of running out of power when you need it the most. Efficient power consumption Maximise the efficiency of power generated by your motorhome solar panels by focusing on efficient power consumption. Here are three power saving tips to help you make the most of your solar energy: - Use energy efficient appliances: Replace your old appliances with energy-efficient models. Look for appliances with the Energy Star label, which indicates that they meet strict energy efficiency standards. Energy-efficient appliances consume less power, allowing you to extend the life of your battery and reduce your reliance on the grid. - Reduce phantom power: Many appliances continue to draw power even when they are turned off. Unplug devices when not in use or use power strips with built-in switches to easily cut off power to multiple devices at once. This simple step can save you a significant amount of energy and keep your solar panels working efficiently. - Optimise natural lighting: Take advantage of natural light during the day to reduce the need for artificial lighting. Open curtains and blinds to let sunlight in and consider using reflective window film to maximise the amount of light entering your motorhome. Using less electricity for lighting will help preserve your battery power and maximise the output of your solar panels. Maintaining and troubleshooting solar panels To ensure optimal performance of your motorhome solar panels, it is important to regularly clean the surfaces to remove any dirt or debris that may obstruct the sunlight. Additionally, you should regularly cheque for loose connections and tighten them if necessary to maintain a steady flow of electricity. If you notice any issues with the power output, it is crucial to diagnose the problem by inspecting the wiring, charge controller, and batteries to identify and resolve any potential faults. Cleaning solar panel surfaces To keep your solar panels functioning optimally, regularly clean the surfaces using a soft cloth or sponge. Dust, dirt, and other debris can accumulate on the surface of the panels, reducing their efficiency. Follow these cleaning techniques to ensure effective maintenance: - Gently wipe the surface of the panels with a soft cloth or sponge. - Use a mild detergent mixed with water to remove stubborn dirt or grime. - Rinse the panels thoroughly with clean water to remove any residue. Regular cleaning will help maximise the amount of sunlight absorbed by the panels, ensuring they generate the maximum amount of electricity for your motorhome. Once you have finished cleaning, it is important to move on to the next step: checking for loose connections. This will help ensure that your installed solar panels are operating at their full capacity. Checking for loose connections To ensure your motorhome solar panels are operating at their full capacity, it is important for you to regularly cheque for loose connections. Loose connections can cause power loss and affect the overall performance of your solar panels. To troubleshoot issues and prevent damage, start by visually inspecting all the connections between the solar panels, charge controller, and battery. Look for any signs of corrosion, frayed wires, or loose fittings. If you find any loose connections, tighten them using the appropriate tools. It is also recommended to cheque the connections after any extreme weather conditions or when you notice a decrease in solar power generation. Regularly checking for loose connections, you can ensure the efficiency and longevity of your motorhome solar panels. Diagnosing power output issues One key aspect of maintaining and troubleshooting motorhome solar panels is diagnosing power output issues. It is important to understand common power issues and how to troubleshoot them effectively. Here are three common power output problems and their potential solutions: - Insufficient power output: If your solar panels are not producing enough power, the issue could be due to shading, dirty panels, or a faulty inverter. To resolve this problem, ensure that your panels are positioned in direct sunlight, clean them regularly, and cheque the inverter for any malfunctions. - Inconsistent power output: If your solar panels are producing inconsistent power, the problem could be caused by loose connections, a faulty charge controller, or a damaged panel. Cheque all connections, tighten any loose ones, inspect the charge controller for any issues, and examine the panels for any signs of damage. - Zero power output: If your solar panels are not producing any power at all, the problem could be a blown fuse, a disconnected circuit breaker, or a faulty wiring connection. Cheque the fuses and circuit breakers, and ensure that all wiring connections are secure and properly connected. Tips for getting the most out of your motorhome solar panels Make sure you take advantage of smart gadgets for your motorhome such as solar panels by maximising their efficiency. One way to do this is by maximising the battery life of your motorhome. To achieve this, it is important to manage your energy usage effectively. - Avoid excessive usage of appliances and electronics that can drain your battery quickly. - Consider investing in energy-efficient appliances and LED lighting to reduce power consumption. - Keep your solar panels clean and free from debris to ensure optimal performance. - Regularly inspect and clean the panels to remove any dirt, dust, or bird droppings that may reduce their efficiency. By following these tips, you can get the most out of your motorhome solar panels and enjoy the benefits of sustainable and cost-effective energy. In conclusion, motorhome solar panels offer numerous benefits, including the ability to generate your own clean and renewable energy while on the road. Imagine the freedom of enjoying the great outdoors without worrying about running out of power. With proper installation and maintenance, motorhome solar panels can be a game-changer for any adventure seeker. Frequently asked questions The average lifespan of motorhome solar panels is typically around 25 years with proper maintenance. Regular cleaning and inspection can help prolong their efficiency and performance, ensuring they continue to power your motorhome for years to come. You can use motorhome solar panels to power some appliances and devices, but their efficiency may vary. It's important to consider the pros and cons of using motorhome solar panels, such as limited power output and reliance on sunlight. When considering motorhome solar panels, it's crucial to prioritise weatherproofing. This ensures durability and longevity. Factors to consider when choosing weather-resistant panels include waterproof junction boxes, sturdy frames, and high-quality materials. You can install motorhome solar panels yourself, but there are advantages and disadvantages. DIY installation allows for cost savings and customisation, but professional installation ensures proper fitting, setup and warranty coverage.
This topic describes how to enter mathematical and scientific expressions for problems in your edX course. For some math, science, and other problems, you must enter a numerical or math expression, such as a formula, into a response field. You enter your response as plain text, and the edX system then converts your text into numbers and symbols that appear below the response field. Additionally, some edX courses offer a calculator tool that you can use while you work through the course. If the course has a calculator, the calculator appears as a small icon on all courseware pages. To use the calculator, select the calculator icon. To close the calculator, select the X. Both the calculator and the response fields in math problems accept a selection of characters that represent numbers, operators, constants, functions, and other mathematical concepts. You might recognize parts of this system if you have used math programs before. The calculator includes an information page that shows an abbreviated version of the information in this topic. To see the information page, select the circled i icon next to the input field. When you enter your plain text into the calculator or the response field, follow these guidelines. type mc^2 , and instead of 5a+4b+3c .( ) ) to specify the order of operations and to make your expression as clear as possible. Use curved parentheses (( ) ) only. Do not use brackets ([ ] ) or braces ({ or x^(n-1) . Note, however, that subscripts cannot currently include operators or parentheses.For more information about the types of characters you can use, see below. The edX system accepts both constants and metric affixes. Be careful to distinguish between constants and metric affixes. Constants stand alone, while metric affixes must be combined with numbers. For example, c can be a constant representing the speed of light or a metric affix meaning "centi". When you use c as a metric affix, don't include a space between c and the number. When you use c as a constant, indicate multiplication explicitly. The following examples show the = 0.02 (2 multiplied by 0.01)2c = 599584916.0 (the speed of light multiplied by 2)2M = 2,000,000 (2 multiplied by 1,000,000)2M = 2 multiplied by the variable MFor more information, see Scientific Notation and Metric Affixes or Constants. You can use the following types of numbers: The largest number you can use is 1.7977e+308, which is the largest float possible in the Python programming language. You can enter metric affixes or scientific notation to indicate very large or very small numbers. For scientific notation, you can type either a caret (^) or the letter e followed by a number to indicate an exponent. You can use both positive and negative exponents. For example, to indicate 0.012 , you can enter either of the following To indicate -440,000 , you can enter either of the following expressions: The following table shows how to enter numbers with metric affixes, with scientific notation, and with e To enter this number \| Use this metric affix \| Use this scientific notation \| Use this e notation \| Other notation \| 0.1 \| 1d (deci) \| 10^-1 \| 1e-1 \| \| 0.01 \| 1c (centi) \| 10^-2 \| 1e-2 \| 1% (percent) \| 0.001 \| 1m (milli) \| 10^-3 \| 1e-3 \| \| 0.000001 \| 1u (micro) \| 10^-6 \| 1e-6 \| \| 0.000000001 \| 1n (nano) \| 10^-9 \| 1e-9 \| \| 0.000000000001 \| 1p (pico) \| 10^-12 \| 1e-12 \| \| 1000 \| 1k (kilo) \| 10^3 \| 1e3 \| \| 1,000,000 \| 1M (mega) \| 10^6 \| 1e6 \| \| 1,000,000,000 \| 1G (giga) \| 10^9 \| 1e9 \| \| 1,000,000,000,000 \| 1T (tera) \| 10^12 \| 1e12 \| When you use metric affixes or e notation, make sure you do not include spaces between the number and the metric affix or the e You can use several different constants in your mathematical expressions. When you enter constants multiplied by a number, make sure to indicate the multiplication explicitly. For example, enter 2c instead of and -4i instead of -4i Constant \| Value \| c \| The speed of light in m/s (2.998^8) \| e \| Euler's number (2.718...) \| g \| Gravity (9.80 m/s^2) \| i \| The square root of -1 \| j \| The square root of -1 \| k \| The Boltzmann constant (~1.38^-23 in Joules/Kelvin) \| pi \| The ratio of a circle's circumference to its diameter (3.14159...) \| q \| The fundamental charge (~1.602^-19 Coloumbs) \| The positive difference between 0K and 0°C (273.15) \| To use any of the following Greek letters, type the name of the letter in the calculator or the response field. alpha \| beta \| gamma \| delta \| epsilon \| varepsilon \| zeta \| eta \| theta \| vartheta \| iota \| kappa \| lambda \| mu \| nu \| xi \| pi \| rho \| sigma \| tau \| upsilon \| phi \| varphi \| chi \| psi \| omega \| is the lunate version, whereas varepsilon like a backward 3. To use a function, type the letters that represent the function, and then surround the expression in that function with parentheses. For example, to represent the square root of 4a+b , type sqrt(4*a+b) You can use the following functions. or factorial(3) . You must use integers. For example, you can't enter fact(1.5) ). For example, 1 \|\| 2 the resistance of a pair of parallel resistors (of resistance 1 and 2 ohms), evaluating to 2/3 (ohms).
Visvapana, Visvāpana: 1 definition Visvapana means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article. Languages of India and abroad Sanskrit dictionary Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit DictionaryVisvāpana (विस्वापन).—[, in Kāśyapa Parivarta 126.14, read (Sanskrit) vismāpana, (causing) astonishment; so Tibetan, ṅo mtshar; parasya °na- hetu kurvati.] Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin. See also (Relevant definitions) Relevant text No search results for Visvapana, Visvāpana; (plurals include: Visvapanas, Visvāpanas) in any book or story.
The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Cybersecurity in Financial Services: Opportunities and Challenges Ahead Artificial Intelligence: The Double-Edged Sword in Financial Services Much has been written about the threats and perils artificial intelligence (AI) poses to financial services and how it can be used by cybercriminals to infiltrate customer accounts. In an industry already plagued by constant fraud concerns, where it's predicted that the global cost of fraud will surpass $40 billion by 2027, the explosive popularity of AI, and the additional hazards it presents, have not necessarily been met with widespread enthusiasm across the sector. Because using AI does not require deep technical acumen as an operator, it can actually enhance the abilities of common, run-of-the-mill criminals motivated to leverage it for offensive purposes. Launching an attack on a financial institution can require little more than telling the AI what to do. The technology can take on many of the activities criminals once had to learn themselves, such as writing scripts for phishing scams. And it does it all with much greater speed. On the flip side, AI also has a significant role to play in enhancing financial institutions' defensive posture against cybercriminals. It can be integrated into security tools to spot suspicious activity and better safeguard information and protect customers better than humans or existing technology ever could. In 2024 and beyond, we will see a rise in AI-powered cyber-attacks, but at the same time, AI will play an increasingly larger role in helping banks and lenders manage risk and thwart nefarious actors in key areas such as accelerated fraud and threat detection. AI can process information in real-time to spot cyber threats, respond to incidents faster, and reduce fraudulent transactions. Additionally, AI can enhance customer engagement by helping customers distinguish between genuine and phony communications, protecting sensitive information. The future of AI in financial services will also involve movement towards orchestration, where AI-infused security tools will work together in a more connected and coordinated manner, reducing the need for human intervention. Banks that embrace AI and modern technology will be better equipped to enhance security, adapt to an evolving market, and provide superior customer experiences. The adoption of AI-powered tools will be crucial for financial institutions looking to stay ahead in the rapidly changing cybersecurity landscape.
Your session is about to expire Understanding Chronic Appendicitis Understanding and Diagnosing Chronic Appendicitis Chronic appendicitis is a long-term inflammation of the appendix, a small tube attached to the large intestine. This condition differs from its acute counterpart, which strikes quickly and severely, by presenting milder symptoms that can come and go over weeks or even months. Recognizing these signs is crucial for early diagnosis and treatment. Symptoms often include pain in the lower right abdomen, which may be less intense than acute appendicitis but persistent. Other indicators might include nausea, slight fever, and digestive issues like constipation or diarrhea. These signals can mimic other conditions, making it important for them to be recognized promptly. The process of diagnosing chronic appendicitis starts with a detailed medical history and physical examination. Healthcare providers look for tenderness in the lower right abdomen among other signs. Due to the overlap of its symptoms with many other disorders, accurate diagnosis often involves imaging tests such as an ultrasound or CT scan to get a closer look at the appendix. - Blood tests are also common for checking infection through markers like white blood cell count. However, no single test can confirm chronic appendicitis definitively; the diagnosis involves piecing together evidence from various sources. Understanding this condition is key to recognizing the need for a thorough evaluation to identify and address any underlying issues, keeping in mind the similarities it shares with other medical conditions. Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment of Chronic Appendicitis Chronic appendicitis is characterized by symptoms that are less severe than those of acute appendicitis but persist over a longer duration. Reports often include a history of abdominal pain that is mild to moderate in intensity and localizes to the lower right side of the abdomen. Symptoms may also encompass nausea, vomiting, low-grade fever, and bloating. These symptoms can fluctuate over weeks or months, unlike the symptoms of acute appendicitis. The exact cause of chronic appendicitis is not definitively known. It is believed to result from a partial blockage of the appendix by stool, foreign bodies, or infections, leading to inflammation that does not fully resolve. This condition may also arise as part of an ongoing issue with gastrointestinal health, such as Crohn's disease. The treatment for chronic appendicitis typically involves the surgical removal of the appendix through an appendectomy. This procedure can be performed using laparoscopic (minimally invasive) techniques or through open surgery, based on various factors including patient condition and surgeon assessment. Recovery periods can vary, with most individuals returning to normal activities within a few weeks following surgery. In certain situations where surgery may not be immediately undertaken, antibiotics can be administered to manage infection and inflammation until the surgery is feasible. Comparing Chronic and Acute Appendicitis Appendicitis is a condition characterized by the inflammation of the appendix, a small pouch attached to the large intestine. This condition manifests in two forms: acute and chronic, each differing in symptoms, severity, and progression. Acute appendicitis is characterized by the sudden onset of symptoms that intensify within 24 to 48 hours. The symptoms include: - Sharp pain in the lower right abdomen - Nausea and vomiting - Fever - Loss of appetite An acute inflamed appendix can burst or rupture if not addressed, leading to serious complications. Chronic appendicitis, a less common form, features milder symptoms that may manifest over weeks, months, or even years. The symptoms, which can fluctuate in intensity, include: - Mild abdominal discomfort - Bloating - Digestive issues Due to its similarity to other digestive disorders, chronic appendicitis may be less readily identified. In conclusion, acute and chronic appendicitis both involve the inflammation of the appendix but are distinguishable by the rapidity of onset and the severity of symptoms. Acute appendicitis is marked by a swift progression and severe symptoms, whereas chronic appendicitis progresses more slowly, with symptoms that may persist over a longer period. Complications and Prevention of Chronic Appendix Inflammation Complications of Chronic Appendix Inflammation Chronic appendix inflammation, or chronic appendicitis, can lead to several complications if not addressed. One significant risk is the development of an appendix abscess, which is a collection of pus that forms in and around the inflamed appendix. This condition necessitates immediate attention to prevent further health issues. Moreover, untreated chronic inflammation may result in perforation or rupture of the appendix, leading to peritonitis, a severe infection of the abdomen's lining. The most feared complication is sepsis, a life-threatening response by the body to an infection that can spread rapidly through blood circulation. Early recognition and management are crucial to avoid these serious complications. Prevention of Chronic Appendix Inflammation While there's no certain method to prevent appendicitis entirely, a diet rich in fiber (such as fruits, vegetables, and whole grains) might reduce the risk. Fiber aids digestion and decreases the chances of constipation; constipated bowels increase risks for appendicitis. - Regular physical activity supports healthy digestion which could indirectly assist in preventing conditions leading up to appendicitis. - Awareness of abdominal pain or discomfort that persists for hours is important in addressing conditions associated with chronic appendix inflammation. In conclusion, an understanding of potential complications is important, and lifestyle choices such as high-fiber diets and regular exercise contribute towards efforts against chronic appendix inflammation. Emergency Signs and Outlook on Chronic Appendix Condition Chronic appendicitis involves long-lasting inflammation of the appendix, distinct from acute appendicitis due to its gradual symptom progression over time. The condition may manifest milder symptoms intermittently over a period of weeks, months, or even years. Recognizing the progression of the condition into an acute phase is critical. Key warning signs include: - Sudden increase in pain in the lower right abdomen. - Fever as a common symptom of infection. - Nausea and vomiting, particularly if these symptoms are new or worsening. - Swelling in the abdominal area, which may indicate complications. The occurrence of these symptoms, especially if sudden or severe, could indicate a need for medical evaluation. A delay in addressing an inflamed appendix could lead to rupture and the spread of infection throughout the abdomen (peritonitis), presenting serious health risks. The outlook for individuals with a chronic appendix condition largely hinges on the timeliness of detection and the approach to treatment. Surgery, specifically an appendectomy, often resolves the symptoms and may prevent further complications. In cases of mild chronic appendicitis, antibiotics might be employed initially to reduce inflammation as part of the management strategy. With accurate diagnosis and suitable intervention—ranging from surgical removal to antibiotic therapy—the prognosis for chronic appendix conditions is generally positive. Awareness and recognition of critical symptoms are essential components in the management of the condition.
A study of the little-known career of Germany's Panther, perhaps the greatest tank of World War II, in foreign hands both during and after the war. The Panther was arguably the most successful medium tank design of World War II, demonstrated by the number of Germany's enemies that used them after, and even during the war. While some were used by the Western Allies, the Russians used the greatest number of captured Panthers against Nazi Germany, though they did not find much favour thanks to their mechanical unreliability and difficulty in acquiring spare parts. After the war, they were mostly passed on to satellite states such as Bulgaria and Romania. The French army also used them in significant numbers after the war with approximately 50 in service from 1946 to 1950, and they were a significant influence on future French tank design. Using detailed artwork and contemporary photographs, this fascinating book tells the little-known story of the Panther tank in foreign hands in World War II and beyond. Foreign Panthers M.P. Robinson & Thomas Seignon A study of the little-known career of Germany's Panther, perhaps the greatest tank of World War II, in foreign hands both during and after the war.Book Details Imprint: Osprey Publishing Publication Date: 24-11-2022 Format: Paperback \| 248 x 184mm \| 48 pagesAbout the Author M.P. Robinson is a Canadian author who lives with his wife and five children near Toronto, Canada. He has a BA (Hons) History from York University, and has authored or co-authored eight books and numerous articles on armoured vehicles and armoured warfare. His historical interest in politics and warfare spans from ancient times up to the present day. Colonel Thomas Seignon, an active army officer, has served in the Armour branch from platoon leader to battalion commander. Having a passion for armoured vehicles history, he has authored numerous articles plus two books on the subject and is an active member of the French tank museum board and scientific council. He is 56 years old, married and has three children, which does not prevent him from using the train on a weekly basis between the Joint Staff in Paris and his home in Saumur, in the Loire valley.Rights Sold All rights available
We are all aware that less than one percent of the world's water is potable. Every day, however, the demand for potable water increases. Some experts predict that in the next three years, water shortages will affect 36 nations. Within 15 years, nearly 2 billion people will reside in water-scarce regions across the globe. Obtaining clean and safe drinking water is challenging. What if we had the ability to fully utilize seawater and transform it into potable water? The success of several desalination processes in producing clean, safe drinking water is discussed below. Methods for Transforming Seawater into Potable Water There are various methods for treating seawater. The most prevalent methods for converting seawater into potable water are distillation, electrodeionization, and reverse osmosis (RO). 1. Distillation Distillation is a conventional yet highly efficient desalination method. It eliminates several pollutants, including dissolved salts, bacteria, and other particles. The brine is heated to produce steam, which is subsequently condensed back into the water, leaving the salt behind. This water is then safe for consumption as potable water. However, the process can be costly and energy-intensive. 2. Desalination RO technology has gradually replaced traditional distillation processes, however, the expense of desalination remains a worry for many. In reality, the cost of saltwater desalination has decreased due to the continual development of technology. We may anticipate that RO technology will expand to more and more places and resolve several water issues. 2.1 How Does Seawater Desalination Turn Salty Water into Drinking Water? Reverse osmosis desalination is a membrane system technology that uses RO technology extensively for brine purification. The pore size of the reverse osmosis membrane is typically between 0.6 and 0.9 nm, which allows only water molecules to pass through and rejects dissolved salt and other contaminants, so ensuring the purity of the produced water. The working principle of reverse osmosis technology is to remove dissolved salt and impurities in seawater by applying pressure to seawater to force incoming water (usually pretreated water) to pass through a semi-permeable membrane with a very small pore size. Considering the different requirements for raw water quality and product water quality, the reverse osmosis system can be selected to be equipped with a pretreatment system and a posttreatment system to obtain a complete seawater desalination system. Custom seawater desalination systems are ideal for areas where freshwater is scarce, or where the quality of available water is poor. 2.2 Electrodeionization Electrodeionization is a process that uses an electric field to separate ions in a solution, such as salt ions in brine. The process involves passing salt water through a series of semi-permeable membranes, with electrodes placed on either side. When an electric current is applied, positively charged ions are attracted to the negative electrode and negatively charged ions are attracted to the positive electrode, thereby separating the salt ions from the water molecules. EDI systems can be combined with other water treatment processes such as reverse osmosis, ion exchange water filter, and ultrafiltration process to produce higher quality water for applications that require higher product water quality. 2.3 Advantages of Reverse Osmosis for Seawater Desalination - High efficiency – can get rid of up to 99% of dissolved salts and pollutants. - Low energy consumption, easy to use, and easy to operate. - It is suitable for the desalination of brackish water as well as seawater. - Scalability – A reverse osmosis system can be easily scaled up or down to meet changing water demands. - Small footprint, support skid-mounted, portable, container-type, suitcase-type. - Low Maintenance – Reverse osmosis systems require minimal maintenance, which helps keep operating costs low. - Environmental friendly – no pollution to the environment. - It is a reliable and stable process that can run continuously, making it suitable for large-scale operations. - It may be adapted to meet the requirements of various water treatment volumes. 2.4 Application Fields of Reverse Osmosis Seawater Desalination - Off-Grid Home - Island Resort - Yacht, Boat - Food And Beverage Processing Plant - Industrial Water Treatment - Agricultural Irrigation 3. Factors When Selecting the Finest Seawater Desalination Equipment. There are now a variety of desalination technologies available. While this is a positive development, it makes it difficult to select the most appropriate technology for your particular requirements. The following factors will assist you in identifying the most appropriate technology for your application. ● Water quality The source of the desalinated water is the initial factor to examine. Distinct types of water sources, such as seawater, brackish water, and even wastewater, require different technology. For instance, reverse osmosis is the most prevalent method for desalinating sea and brackish water. Different processes, such as distillation, may be more suited to other water sources. ● Cost of seawater desalination Another factor to consider is the cost of desalination technology. The cost of desalination will vary depending on: - The type of technology employed - The location of the plant - The capacity of the plant In general, desalination costs are falling as technology improves and more plants are built. In general, desalination costs are decreasing as technology advances and more desalination facilities are constructed. ● Environmental impact Desalination technology's environmental impact should also be considered. It is essential to select a technology that is energy-efficient and has the least impact on the environment. ●Energy efficiency Energy consumption has a significant impact on the cost of desalination, hence it is crucial to select energy-efficient technology. For instance, distillation systems are known to be energy-intensive, but reverse osmosis water systems are more energy-efficient. To counteract the energy costs of desalination, it is also worth exploring renewable energy choices, such as solar and wind. Check out the latest solar-powered desalination technology Desalination of seawater is a promising solution to the global water crisis. NEWater uses seawater desalination technologies such as membrane separation and energy recovery to promote the treatment and utilization of concentrated salt wastewater, the utilization of sewage resources, and the comprehensive utilization of brackish water. For the total solution of the water desalination system, please send an inquiry.
Driving Miss Daisy is an enduring and powerful play that explores the interplay of race relations in America. The story revolves around a deep and intricate bond between two beloved characters from different backgrounds, showcasing the complexity of their dynamic within popular culture. The play explores the social and personal conflicts of the characters, which arise from the blend of Jewish and southern cultures. The writer, who is Jewish himself, depicts this theme (Terry 2005:1). The play is set against the backdrop of civil rights movements. The growing closeness between Miss Daisy and Hoke mirrors the changing world around them. As Hoke begins to challenge the cultural boundaries dictated by social class, their working relationship evolves (Terry 2005:1). Miss Daisy starts to recognize her own prejudices and those within the Southern Christian community she lives in, highlighting the intangib ...le cultural differences. This theme is also evident in Miss Daisy's conflicts with Boolie, as the South undergoes cultural transformation. Miss Daisy is a symbol of traditional Southern culture and is resistant to change. Boolie, a cunning businessman, represents the shifting values of the South as it transitions from agrarian to industrial. He possesses modern technology like an intercom system, decorative Christmas lights, and a hi-fi stereo that plays loud music. Boolie tries to encourage his mother to embrace this new way of life, but she refuses. The material culture is believed to accurately represent the South's true lifestyle. Missy Daisy, having a personal chauffeur, may be seen as stuck-up and pretending to be wealthy. Nevertheless, it is crucial to recognize that the employer-employee relationship is idealized with a noticeable social status difference. The author aims to showcase the South' endeavor to establish a unique cultural identity distinct from the rest of America. Additionally, another emphasized aspect is the exclusive nature of Southern Culture, which appears to bring Missy Daisy and Hoke together. According to Terry (2000:12), despite her haughty attitude towards her driver, Miss Daisy and other Jewish characters in the play are considered outsiders. The symbolic internationalism model is a sociological theory that can be used to illustrate the contrast between materialistic and non-materialistic cultures portrayed in the play. This theory helps explain why some individuals prioritize non-material aspects of culture while others value material possessions. In the context of the play, the sociologist would identify Miss Daisy as someone who values non-material aspects, evident in her desire to have a close relationship with her driver, Hoke, whom she considers her best friend (Terry 2000:12). Symbolic interactionism examines Boolie's fascination with his new material culture, demonstrated by his attachment to the latest technology and possessions. Scholars would question if the Southern American intentionally cultivated a unique identity separate from the rest of the country, as well as investigate what motivates this identity. - Terry, Miriam. 2005. "Driving Miss Daisy." New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved 6 October 2016 (http://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/articles/arts-culture/driving-miss-daisy) - Terry, Miriam M.2000."Hoecakes and Matzah balls: a marriage of cultures in the works of Alfred Uhry". University of Georgia. 12. Retrieved 6 October 6, 2016 (https://getd.libs.uga.edu/pdfs/terry_miriam_m_200305_ma.pdf) - Communication Skills essays - Cross-Cultural Communication essays - Effective Communication essays - Greeting essays - Intercultural Communication essays - Interpersonal Communication essays - Nonverbal Communication essays - Orality essays - American Culture essays - Car Culture essays - Cultural Differences essays - Culture Shock essays - Different Cultures essays - Indian Culture essays - Mexican Culture essays - Mormon essays - Pop Culture essays - Popular Culture essays - Ageism essays - Cultural Diversity essays - Discrimination essays - Diversity essays - Gender Discrimination essays - Multiculturalism essays - Oppression essays - Peer Pressure essays - Racial Profiling essays - Sexism essays
Why have a Generator? You may wonder, "Why would a renewable energy storage system (like wind or solar) need a generator that burns fossil fuels to charge its batteries?" A generator is a crucial component for off-grid energy storage systems and can even be necessary for some grid-tied applications. Local challenges like snow-covered arrays, short winter days, or extended grid outages can strain even the most resilient battery banks. Some off-grid system owners run their generators up to 300-500 hours annually! The generator becomes a backup to the system's backup solution, so selecting the right generator is important. You will want to identify whether you are just seeking to assist the battery (when times are tough) or if it is also used to run large loads that would otherwise be too much of a strain on the battery. Here are a few examples: - Central air and heat - Pool pumps - Well and water pumps - Luxury loads, like arc welders, exotic fish tanks, and hot tubs Generator Options There are many generator types, makes, and models. Not all are compatible with modern grid-tied energy storage systems (ESS), and the system's owner can experience support issues: - ESS manufacturers may not provide guidance for third-party components like generators, as their scope can be limited to an estimation (based on an error code within their product or app), which can result in increased service calls for the company. - Generator manufacturers may not be equipped to assist with calls regarding ESS integration, as it is not a primary goal for their product. The three most common generators available on the market are: Inverter Generator Application: Recreational Power: Up to ~3000 watts Made for ESS integration as a temporary solution for short-term outages. \| Portable / Recreational Application: Short-term power outages, job site power Power: Up to 10 kW Typically not compatible with ESS, as they create "dirty" power. This power is unsuitable for long-term use with most appliances and sensitive electronics. \| Home Standby / Backup Application: Whole home backup, commonly used in energy storage systems Power: 8 – 40 kW Home backup generators create clean power and have features that allow easy integration with a modern ESS (can be automatically started and stopped by a hybrid inverter). \| There are as many generator makes and models as there are PV inverters. Generator compatibility is a common concern, but ESS manufacturers rarely provide a complete list of specific makes and models. However, searching based on the features compatible with ESS will help reduce the list to something more manageable. Tigo's whole home 200A rated automatic transfer switch (ATS) is compatible with generators that have these characteristics: Common Issues and Maintenance It is worth discussing generator auto-start requests since a failed start is a common reason for a service call. Here are the top reasons (in order, generally) for a failed generator start. - No fuel - Dead battery - Poor preventative maintenance - Low oil level - Choke adjustment - Dirty air filter - Clogged fuel filter or valve - Dirty carburetor - Bad spark plug To ensure proper usage and maintain operational status, always refer to the manual for instructions and set reminders for preventative maintenance. Aside from maintenance, generators have specific settings and requirements that help prolong the product's life. In most situations, integrating with a quality ESS will automatically take care of these settings. CAUTION: Using a generator without the Tigo Automatic Transfer Switch (ATS) 1. You must never allow the PV inverter to operate while the generator is running. Running a generator while a PV inverter is in operation is never permissible unless the ATS can isolate the PV inverter. The Tigo EI ATS accomplishes this criteria. However, if you are using a third-party generator without the Tigo ATS and Battery, then there are important application considerations to understand before operation. 2. Using the Tigo EI Inverter with an existing generator and third-party ATS It is possible to use a Tigo EI Inverter with an existing generator and third-party ATS, but you must ensure the EI Inverter never operates while the generator is running. Excess solar could backfeed from the backup panel to the generator breaker and the generator regulator board, irreparably damaging the generator. This is not covered by their warranty. The safest way to prevent generator damage during a grid outage is to install a small relay on the AC line that connects the inverter breaker that will open when the grid goes down. This will turn the inverter off while the generator begins to run since it detected a grid outage. This diagram shows an existing ATS and generator. The homeowner wants to install the Tigo EI Inverter but not the battery. In this whole home backup generator application, the Tigo inverter breaker would attach to the main panel that the generator feeds. Notice the small relay on the AC line from the inverter breaker on the main panel. This relay must open when there is a loss of grid, so its power supply must not be on the main panel. Otherwise, when the generator detects a loss of grid and starts up, the relay will now have power, and you run the risk of PV backfeed.
Aging: getting rid of prejudices 5 books on the liberalization of aging The few monographs on the nature of older age written by domestic authors rather reflect the perspective of half a century ago, in which an elderly person was assigned only the role of an object of social manipulation. He must be protected, protected, and taken care of. Help, support and protection – this is the triad of good deeds that construct a helpless, incapacitated citizen. At the same time, the liberal turn in the social policy of the leading world powers has brought new (for the modernized Western society) ideological constructs to the agenda. Older age carries not only losses and hardships, but also experience, stability and prudence, not inherent in youth. Objective deterioration of health is often aggravated by the subjective construction of infirmity, and the reduction of the circle of communication is an artificial exclusion from social relations. Active old age is a political construct that does not cause surprise or rejection in Russian public opinion. However, its theoretical interpretation is still alien and incomprehensible to many Russian-speaking intellectuals, especially civil servants. The term "survival period", monstrous to ordinary ears, has taken a firm place in the thesaurus of social programs in which older age is associated only with decline and incapacity. The reviewed books, which have no analogues in Russian yet, are devoted to the liberation from such prejudices and social stigmata. 1. Vincent J. Old age (London: Routledge, 2003)After analyzing hundreds of studies and analytical texts on aging, John Vincent identified a key dichotomy that defines the position of older people as the liberalization of aging and the liberalization of aging. In the first variant, there are practices of avoiding old age, people try in every possible way to shorten the aging period, ignoring or neglecting changes in the body, perception of the world and social relations. In the second, there are internal resources in aging itself, considered as a new opportunity, as a special, albeit final stage of life, without which the latter would lose its meaning. The main feature of modern ideas about old age, J. Vincent calls the primacy of medical interpretations. The Institute of Medical Practice has completely redefined ideas about old age, displacing other social or religious interpretations. Old age is considered as a period of illness and approaching death. The loss of working capacity and the gradual deterioration of health, up to complete helplessness, can only cause a feeling of fear and despair. There is no future or present in such a worldview position. The liberalization of aging is a response to emerging demographic trends. One should not run away from old age, but look for meaning, exceptional opportunities and prospects in it. First of all, this is the liberation of older age from stereotypes accumulated over a century, the rejection of a total technogenic perspective based on medical diagnoses, the discovery of new identities based on years lived, experience unavailable at an earlier age. As paradoxical examples for the traditional consciousness, J. Vincent writes about the liberation from gender stereotypes due to the end of the fertile age, the rooting of independence and self-realization practices through liberation from the dictates of permanent employment, rethinking the role of the family and younger generations as distancing from the material problems associated with the upbringing and arrangement of already grown children. In other words, the older age according to J. Vincent, like any other, is a period of unlimited opportunities, the main barrier to the realization of which are stereotypes rooted in society, and not the natural and inevitable physiological signs of older age. 2. The Cambridge Handbook of age and aging / Ed. by M.L. Johnson; In association with V.L. Bengston, P.G. Coleman, T.B. Kirkwood (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005)Over the past decade, the most comprehensive collection of works representing the current state of gerontology as an interdisciplinary knowledge combining social, medical and biological sciences. The scope of the undertaking undertaken by the Cambridge publishing house is impressive: 80 original articles by leading researchers from sixty countries and five continents. Russia is not on this list. For the first time I saw the collection from Theodor Shanin, the president of the educational consortium (think tank) created by him, which has long been referred to as Shaninka. "There is a lot in this book to stop playing theorizing and contrasting theory and practice, politics and science," Theodore told me at the time. The collection is divided into seven parts: 1) introduction and review of theoretical approaches; 2) aging body; 3) aging consciousness; 4) aging self-understanding (identity); 5) aging and social connections; 6) aging and society; 6) social programs to support the elderly. The organization and content of the presented materials accurately represent the current state of science, describe current achievements and identify problem areas (for science, these are points of growth). Firstly, the last two decades have been dominated by medical and biological interpretations of older age, it was in these sciences that it was possible to preserve the increase in knowledge, to form a body of refutable theories (according to Popper). Secondly, the emphasis on medical interpretations and the technogenic way to overcome them has led to the emergence and powerful development of a critical direction that focuses on social norms, habits and attitudes. The social theory of aging increasingly resembles a critique of medicalization, or the physiological stigmatization of the older generation. Thirdly, being aware of the enormous potential inherent in the social understanding of the third and fourth ages, leading researchers state the extreme weakness and inconsistency of the theoretical apparatus developed by humanitarians. Thus, Malcolm Johnson, the editor of the collection, notes that generalization of field research, surveys and measurements of social policy, interviews and ethnographic descriptions of the daily life of the elderly dominate in gerontological projects. Theoretical descriptions are often so artless and inelastic that many researchers have a desire to abandon them altogether. At the same time, when a social researcher faces a real problem, tries to establish some communicative space, theoretical interpretations become the only tool for solving it. Maintaining the sense and understanding of the current situation shared by the participants of communication, developing joint actions, developing strategies, and social policy are impossible without a common theoretical framework, the construction of which is devoted to the collection. 3. Handbook of theories of aging / Ed. by V.L. Bengston, D. Gans, N. Putney. 2nd ed (New York: Springer, 2009)The main editor of the collection was Vern Bengston, perhaps the most authoritative and influential sociologist who studies generational issues and human maturation from the point of view of a social perspective. In recent decades, significant international conferences devoted to gerontological research have rarely been held without his participation, and in the collections of leading publishers V. Bergston is necessarily invited, if not as a co-editor (see the previous book), then as the author of detailed texts on the theoretical elaboration of the problems of aging. The first edition of the collection was published in 1998. The second is supplemented with works reflecting more radical views about human nature, which has much less connection with the physiological and biological characteristics of the human body than previously thought. Despite the great harmony and elaboration of the natural science approach to older age, sociology becomes the central disciplinary area constituted by the collection. Biodemography, immunology of aging, neurophysiology, cognitive plasticity of age, emotional well-being and dozens more theoretical approaches and directions are comprehended through the integrative role of social gerontology, the foundations of which are found in sociological theories of aging. Public policy and older political science are no longer conceivable without legitimizing the plurality of perspectives, rejecting the dominant role of the state as the central agent of social transformations and reforms. The future of theorizing about age, to which the final article of the collection is devoted, lies in the construction of explanatory interdisciplinary models for the liberation of old age from accumulated stereotypes, the transition from industrial interpretations to an institutional description of aging and scientific forecasting of new ways of organizing sociality in older age groups. 4. Skinner B.F., Vaughan M.E. Enjoy old age: A practical guide (New York: W.W. Norton & Company, 1997)The founding father of behaviorism, the grand theory of the sixties, the organizer of the school of experimental psychology, 80-year-old Berres Frederick Skinner and a colleague offer practical recommendations on how to feel free and happy in old age. Despite the pragmatic orientation of the book and its positioning as a manual on active aging, it traces the theoretical and analytical understanding of older age, conceptualizes the position of an open and critical view of the phenomenon under study. An elderly person is considered by the authors both as an active subject, responsible for his own life, and as an object of close analysis by researchers, bearing all the features and peculiarities of a living organism. The book is an operand of Skinner's theoretical heritage. Techniques of behavior modification, changes in the social environment, improvement of society are possible not only and not so much through the development and implementation of state programs, but through the mobilization of internal human resources, change (possibly through social programming) his everyday practices of dealing with the outside world. The first edition was published during the scientist's lifetime, in 1983, the analyzed one was already edited and supplemented after his departure (B.F. Skinner died in 1990). Due to the plume of behavioral interpretations, which in the 1990s were considered by many to be long-refuted and bygone theoretical constructions, the book was met with ambiguity. Some criticized for the excessive abstraction of conclusions and the departure from the genre of the "cookbook", others – for continuing to work with theoretically untenable provisions of behaviorism. At the same time, there is no more vivid example of the fact that the liberalization of aging is not a newfound construct and not an invention of a new generation of politicians. This is a very respectable direction of humanitarian reinterpretation of human life and especially its final period, by a strange coincidence, stigmatized in Western culture. 5. From exclusion to inclusion in old age: A global challenge / Ed. by N. Scharf, N.C. Keating (Bristol, UK: Polity Press, 2012)The theoretical dichotomy of exclusion and inclusion of older age is central to the conceptual understanding of the liberalization of aging. The collection consists of ten articles dealing with both the main factors limiting the social activity of older people and the features of building an inclusive environment for them. Economic and demographic transformations, globalization of social exchanges, migration processes, changes in the institution of the family, the organization of new, mobile social environments and the actualization of human rights as an updated agenda of developed countries – all this directly affects the constitution of the image and role of the older generation. From the 1960s, the period of introduction of exclusive-inclusive opposition into scientific circulation, the 1980s, the period of economic instability and the emphasis on exclusive practices, the present time (since the 2000s), according to the authors of the collection, differs in the emphasis on the construction of national programs on aging, the political actualization of the inclusion of the older generation in the economic, social and cultural environment. Although social exclusion is strongly determined by the presence of economic crises and upheavals, it cannot be reduced to issues of pensions and material security of citizens who have entered old age. Ashgar Zaidi's article on the exclusion of older age from material exchanges is supplemented by works that put social determinants on the agenda. Jim Ogg and Sylvie Reno analyze the exclusion of the elderly from family relationships, the restriction and minimization of communication with grown-up children, the loss of attention from relatives. David Philips and Kevin Cheng focus on the transformation of the value system and worldview positions about older age in modern society, including the views of the elderly about their place and role in social relations. Astrid Stackelberger, Dominique Abrams and Philippe Chastonay consider age discrimination as a source of exclusive practices, focusing on policy decisions to protect the rights of older people. Rethinking inclusive strategies is conceptualized in the collection in the perspective of multiple decisions, the central figure for which is the elderly person himself. Liberation from the dictates of political will, economic determinism and medical stigmatics is a triad of a liberal approach that has already become the main trend in the development of social policy of the leading world powers for the next decade. About the author: D.Rogozin – Candidate of Sociological Sciences, Director of the Center for the Methodology of Federative Studies of the RANEPA, Dean of the Faculty of Social Sciences of the Moscow Institute of Social Sciences, Senior Researcher at the Center for Fundamental Sociology of the Higher School of Economics Portal "Eternal youth" http://vechnayamolodost.ru14.02.2013
Writing a screenplay is a creative process that blends storytelling with technical skill. Whether you're dreaming of Hollywood fame or simply have a story you're eager to tell, understanding the basics of screenwriting is crucial. This guide will take you through the essentials of how to write a screenplay, providing practical tips to help you turn your ideas into a well-crafted script. Step 1: Understand the Structure A screenplay is typically divided into three acts: Sometimes you can have 5. Let's just focus on 3. - Act One (Setup): Introduces the characters, setting, and the main conflict or quest. - Act Two (Confrontation): Often the longest act, involving main character development, challenges, and the intensification of the conflict. - Act Three (Resolution): Resolves the conflict, featuring the climax and the denouement. Familiarize yourself with this structure, as it's fundamental to most successful scripts. Step 2: Create Detailed Character Profiles Characters drive your story. Develop detailed profiles for each major character, exploring their desires, fears, background, and personality traits. How they interact and evolve throughout the story will engage your audience and add depth to your script. Step 3: Outline Your Story Before diving into writing scenes, outline the entire script. A good outline acts as a roadmap, helping you keep track of your story's progression and ensuring consistency. Use index cards or screenplay software to arrange and rearrange plot points until they flow logically. Step 4: Craft a Compelling Logline A logline is a one or two-sentence summary of your story that hooks the reader by conveying the essence of your plot. This is crucial for pitching and selling your screenplay. Ensure your logline is intriguing and clearly depicts the central conflict. Step 5: Write with Proper Formatting Screenplays have a specific format that includes: - Scene Headings: Indicate the location and time of day. - Action: Describes what happens and who is involved. - Dialogue: What the characters say. - Parentheticals: Brief directions for how a line should be delivered. Using professional screenplay formatting software can simplify this process. Personally I use WriterDuet. Step 6: Show, Don't Tell Screenwriting is visual storytelling. Instead of describing what's going on in the characters' heads, show it through their actions and interactions. This makes your script more dynamic and engaging. Step 7: Edit and Revise Your first draft is just the beginning. Most screenplays undergo multiple revisions. Focus on tightening your dialogue, refining the plot, and fleshing out characters. Feedback from trusted peers or professional script consultants can be invaluable here. Step 8: Master the Craft Through Practice Screenwriting is an art that improves with practice. Keep writing, reading professional screenplays, and learning about the craft. Each script is a learning experience and a step towards mastering the art of screenwriting. Bonus: Additional Resources For further guidance, consider using my book "The Guide for Every Screenwriter". My best-selling book is a treasure trove of insights and practical advice, helping you navigate through the complexities of screenwriting with ease. I also have over 40 instructional videos on screenwriting through my courses available on this site for Supporting and Paid Members. Screenwriting is both challenging and rewarding. With perseverance and passion, you can transform your initial concept into a compelling screenplay. Remember, every great movie began as a script. Start writing today — your story deserves to be told. Want more? Check out these free screenwriting resources! Gain instant access to a wealth of resources tailored to elevate your craft and help get your work noticed: - Over 100 Screenplays: Immerse yourself in our vast library of critically acclaimed films. - Interactive Forums: Join discussions with fellow writers and industry experts. - Logline Builder: Craft compelling pitches that grab attention. - Industry Insights: Benefit from interviews and workshops with professionals. - Script Requests by Producers: Get your script in front of the eyes that matter with exclusive leads and requests from our sponsor at InkTip. Seize the opportunity to transform your screenplay from good to unforgettable, all at no cost to you. Join for Free Now – Your script deserves the spotlight. Let's make it happen.

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