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You are making your very own boardgame. The game is played by two opposing players, featuring a 6 x 6 tile system, with the players taking turns to move their pieces (similar to chess). The design is finished, now it's time to actually write and impleme... |
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Burenka came to kindergarden. This kindergarten is quite strange, so each kid there receives two fractions ($\frac{a}{b}$ and $\frac{c}{d}$) with integer numerators and denominators. Then children are commanded to play with their fractions.
Burenka is ... |
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Shuseki Kingdom is the world's leading nation for innovation and technology. There are n cities in the kingdom, numbered from 1 to n.
Thanks to Mr. Kitayuta's research, it has finally become possible to construct teleportation pipes between two cities.... |
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Find the price of a product before tax such that, when the consumption tax rate is 8 percent and 10 percent, the amount of consumption tax levied on it is A yen and B yen, respectively. (Yen is the currency of Japan.)
Here, the price before tax must be ... |
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Every year, hundreds of people come to summer camps, they learn new algorithms and solve hard problems.
This is your first year at summer camp, and you are asked to solve the following problem. All integers starting with 1 are written in one line. The ... |
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A sequence a0, a1, ..., at - 1 is called increasing if ai - 1 < ai for each i: 0 < i < t.
You are given a sequence b0, b1, ..., bn - 1 and a positive integer d. In each move you may choose one element of the given sequence and add d to it. What is the ... |
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AtCoDeer the deer recently bought three paint cans.
The color of the one he bought two days ago is a, the color of the one he bought yesterday is b, and the color of the one he bought today is c.
Here, the color of each paint can is represented by an in... |
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A bracket sequence is a string containing only characters "(" and ")". A regular bracket sequence is a bracket sequence that can be transformed into a correct arithmetic expression by inserting characters "1" and "+" between the original characters of t... |
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You've decided to carry out a survey in the theory of prime numbers. Let us remind you that a prime number is a positive integer that has exactly two distinct positive integer divisors.
Consider positive integers a, a + 1, ..., b (a ≤ b). You want to f... |
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# Convert number to reversed array of digits
Given a random non-negative number, you have to return the digits of this number within an array in reverse order.
## Example:
```
348597 => [7,9,5,8,4,3]
```
Write your solution by modifying this code:
... |
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Oleg the client and Igor the analyst are good friends. However, sometimes they argue over little things. Recently, they started a new company, but they are having trouble finding a name for the company.
To settle this problem, they've decided to play a... |
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Vasya likes to solve equations. Today he wants to solve $(x~\mathrm{div}~k) \cdot (x \bmod k) = n$, where $\mathrm{div}$ and $\mathrm{mod}$ stand for integer division and modulo operations (refer to the Notes below for exact definition). In this equatio... |
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The R1 company wants to hold a web search championship. There were n computers given for the competition, each of them is connected to the Internet. The organizers believe that the data transfer speed directly affects the result. The higher the speed of... |
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Problem
Mr. ukuku1333 is a little sloppy, so when I expanded the product of the linear expressions of x, I couldn't figure out the original linear expression.
Given the nth degree polynomial of x, factor it into the product of the original linear expre... |
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When a boy was cleaning up after his grand father passing, he found an old paper:
<image>
In addition, other side of the paper says that "go ahead a number of steps equivalent to the first integer, and turn clockwise by degrees equivalent to the sec... |
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Problem Statement
"Everlasting -One-" is an award-winning online game launched this year. This game has rapidly become famous for its large number of characters you can play.
In this game, a character is characterized by attributes. There are $N$ attr... |
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One day Vasya got hold of information on the Martian dollar course in bourles for the next n days. The buying prices and the selling prices for one dollar on day i are the same and are equal to ai. Vasya has b bourles. He can buy a certain number of dol... |
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# Task
For the given set `S` its powerset is the set of all possible subsets of `S`.
Given an array of integers nums, your task is to return the powerset of its elements.
Implement an algorithm that does it in a depth-first search fashion. That is, fo... |
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To get money for a new aeonic blaster, ranger Qwerty decided to engage in trade for a while. He wants to buy some number of items (or probably not to buy anything at all) on one of the planets, and then sell the bought items on another planet. Note that... |
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~~~if-not:ruby,python
Return `1` when *any* odd bit of `x` equals 1; `0` otherwise.
~~~
~~~if:ruby,python
Return `true` when *any* odd bit of `x` equals 1; `false` otherwise.
~~~
Assume that:
* `x` is an unsigned, 32-bit integer;
* the bits are zero-in... |
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Define a function that takes one integer argument and returns logical value `true` or `false` depending on if the integer is a prime.
Per Wikipedia, a prime number (or a prime) is a natural number greater than 1 that has no positive divisors other than... |
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Emacs is a text editor which is widely used by many programmers.
The advantage of Emacs is that we can move a cursor without arrow keys and the mice. For example, the cursor can be moved right, left, down, and up by pushing f, b, n, p with the Control ... |
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Santa Claus likes palindromes very much. There was his birthday recently. k of his friends came to him to congratulate him, and each of them presented to him a string s_{i} having the same length n. We denote the beauty of the i-th string by a_{i}. It c... |
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Anya loves to fold and stick. Today she decided to do just that.
Anya has n cubes lying in a line and numbered from 1 to n from left to right, with natural numbers written on them. She also has k stickers with exclamation marks. We know that the number... |
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There are n stone quarries in Petrograd.
Each quarry owns mi dumpers (1 ≤ i ≤ n). It is known that the first dumper of the i-th quarry has xi stones in it, the second dumper has xi + 1 stones in it, the third has xi + 2, and the mi-th dumper (the last ... |
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You are given an array of integers $a$ of length $n$. The elements of the array can be either different or the same.
Each element of the array is colored either blue or red. There are no unpainted elements in the array. One of the two operations descri... |
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D: Arrow / Arrow
problem
rodea is in a one-dimensional coordinate system and stands at x = 0. From this position, throw an arrow of positive integer length that always moves at speed 1 towards the target at x = N. However, rodea is powerless, so we ha... |
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Given a set of $N$ axis-aligned rectangles in the plane, find the area of regions which are covered by at least one rectangle.
Constraints
* $ 1 \leq N \leq 2000 $
* $ −10^9 \leq x1_i < x2_i\leq 10^9 $
* $ −10^9 \leq y1_i < y2_i\leq 10^9 $
Input
The... |
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There are three cells on an infinite 2-dimensional grid, labeled $A$, $B$, and $F$. Find the length of the shortest path from $A$ to $B$ if:
in one move you can go to any of the four adjacent cells sharing a side;
visiting the cell $F$ is forbidden (i... |
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After a team finished their training session on Euro football championship, Valeric was commissioned to gather the balls and sort them into baskets. Overall the stadium has n balls and m baskets. The baskets are positioned in a row from left to right an... |
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You are given a rooted tree with vertices numerated from $1$ to $n$. A tree is a connected graph without cycles. A rooted tree has a special vertex named root.
Ancestors of the vertex $i$ are all vertices on the path from the root to the vertex $i$, ex... |
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In Republic of Atcoder, there are N prefectures, and a total of M cities that belong to those prefectures.
City i is established in year Y_i and belongs to Prefecture P_i.
You can assume that there are no multiple cities that are established in the same... |
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Prof. Hachioji has devised a new numeral system of integral numbers with four lowercase letters "m", "c", "x", "i" and with eight digits "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8", "9". He doesn't use digit "0" nor digit "1" in this system.
The letters "m", "c"... |
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Let's solve the geometric problem
Mr. A is still solving geometric problems today. It is important to be aware of floating point errors when solving geometric problems.
Floating-point error is the error caused by the rounding that occurs when represen... |
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There are league games and tournament games in sports competitions. In soccer league games, points are given to each of the wins, losses, and draws, and the rankings are competed based on the points. The points are win (3 points), negative (0 points), a... |
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Ryouko is an extremely forgetful girl, she could even forget something that has just happened. So in order to remember, she takes a notebook with her, called Ryouko's Memory Note. She writes what she sees and what she hears on the notebook, and the note... |
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The Romans have attacked again. This time they are much more than the Persians but Shapur is ready to defeat them. He says: "A lion is never afraid of a hundred sheep".
Nevertheless Shapur has to find weaknesses in the Roman army to defeat them. So he... |
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Write a program which reads a list of student test scores and evaluates the performance for each student.
The test scores for a student include scores of the midterm examination m (out of 50), the final examination f (out of 50) and the makeup examinat... |
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We have N lamps numbered 1 to N, and N buttons numbered 1 to N. Initially, Lamp 1, 2, \cdots, A are on, and the other lamps are off.
Snuke and Ringo will play the following game.
* First, Ringo generates a permutation (p_1,p_2,\cdots,p_N) of (1,2,\cdo... |
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The description is rather long but it tries to explain what a financing plan is.
The fixed monthly payment for a fixed rate mortgage is the amount paid by the borrower every month that ensures
that the loan is paid off in full with interest at the en... |
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A palindrome is a series of characters that read the same forwards as backwards such as "hannah", "racecar" and "lol".
For this Kata you need to write a function that takes a string of characters and returns the length, as an integer value, of longest ... |
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# Kata Task
You are given a list of cogs in a gear train
Each element represents the number of teeth of that cog
e.g. `[100, 50, 25]` means
* 1st cog has 100 teeth
* 2nd cog has 50 teeth
* 3rd cog has 25 teeth
If the ``nth`` cog rotates clockwise ... |
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Suppose that there are some light sources and many spherical balloons. All light sources have sizes small enough to be modeled as point light sources, and they emit light in all directions. The surfaces of the balloons absorb light and do not reflect li... |
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Polycarp has n different binary words. A word called binary if it contains only characters '0' and '1'. For example, these words are binary: "0001", "11", "0" and "0011100".
Polycarp wants to offer his set of n binary words to play a game "words". In t... |
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## Number pyramid
Number pyramid is a recursive structure where each next row is constructed by adding adjacent values of the current row. For example:
```
Row 1 [1 2 3 4]
Row 2 [3 5 7]
Row 3 [8 12]
Row 4 ... |
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Nam is playing with a string on his computer. The string consists of n lowercase English letters. It is meaningless, so Nam decided to make the string more beautiful, that is to make it be a palindrome by using 4 arrow keys: left, right, up, down.
Ther... |
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You are both a shop keeper and a shop assistant at a small nearby shop. You have $n$ goods, the $i$-th good costs $a_i$ coins.
You got tired of remembering the price of each product when customers ask for it, thus you decided to simplify your life. Mor... |
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One day, Snuke was given a permutation of length N, a_1, a_2, ..., a_N, from his friend.
Find the following:
<image>
Constraints
* 1 ≦ N ≦ 200,000
* (a_1, a_2, ..., a_N) is a permutation of (1, 2, ..., N).
Input
The input is given from Standard In... |
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You are given an integer N. Among the divisors of N! (= 1 \times 2 \times ... \times N), how many Shichi-Go numbers (literally "Seven-Five numbers") are there?
Here, a Shichi-Go number is a positive integer that has exactly 75 divisors.
-----Note-----
... |
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A team of students from the city S is sent to the All-Berland Olympiad in Informatics. Traditionally, they go on the train. All students have bought tickets in one carriage, consisting of n compartments (each compartment has exactly four people). We kno... |
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In a company an emplopyee is paid as under:
If his basic salary is less than Rs. 1500, then HRA = 10% of base salary and DA = 90% of basic salary.
If his salary is either equal to or above Rs. 1500, then HRA = Rs. 500 and DA = 98% of basic salary. If ... |
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Polycarp is a frequent user of the very popular messenger. He's chatting with his friends all the time. He has $n$ friends, numbered from $1$ to $n$.
Recall that a permutation of size $n$ is an array of size $n$ such that each integer from $1$ to $n$ o... |
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Andrey received a postcard from Irina. It contained only the words "Hello, Andrey!", and a strange string consisting of lowercase Latin letters, snowflakes and candy canes. Andrey thought that this string is an encrypted message, and decided to decrypt ... |
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Dark is going to attend Motarack's birthday. Dark decided that the gift he is going to give to Motarack is an array $a$ of $n$ non-negative integers.
Dark created that array $1000$ years ago, so some elements in that array disappeared. Dark knows that ... |
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AtCoDeer the deer is going on a trip in a two-dimensional plane.
In his plan, he will depart from point (0, 0) at time 0, then for each i between 1 and N (inclusive), he will visit point (x_i,y_i) at time t_i.
If AtCoDeer is at point (x, y) at time t, h... |
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Each of you probably has your personal experience of riding public transportation and buying tickets. After a person buys a ticket (which traditionally has an even number of digits), he usually checks whether the ticket is lucky. Let us remind you that ... |
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Mr. Chanek is currently participating in a science fair that is popular in town. He finds an exciting puzzle in the fair and wants to solve it.
There are $N$ atoms numbered from $1$ to $N$. These atoms are especially quirky. Initially, each atom is in ... |
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George is a cat, so he really likes to play. Most of all he likes to play with his array of positive integers b. During the game, George modifies the array by using special changes. Let's mark George's current array as b_1, b_2, ..., b_{|}b| (record |b|... |
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# Story
John found a path to a treasure, and while searching for its precise location he wrote a list of directions using symbols `"^"`, `"v"`, `"<"`, `">"` which mean `north`, `east`, `west`, and `east` accordingly. On his way John had to try many dif... |
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There is "7 rows" in the game using playing cards. Here we consider a game that simplifies it. Arrange 7 using 13 cards with numbers 1 to 13 written on each. In the match, the game progresses as follows with only two players.
1. Place 7 cards in the "f... |
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Read problems statements in Mandarin Chinese and Russian as well.
Vadim and Roman like discussing challenging problems with each other. One day Vadim told his friend following problem:
Given N points on a plane. Each point p is defined by it's two int... |
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Example
Input
2 2
1 2 0
3 4 1
Output
2
Read the inputs from stdin solve the problem and write the answer to stdout (do not directly test on the sample inputs). Enclose your code within ```python delimiters. |
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This problem differs from the previous one only in the absence of the constraint on the equal length of all numbers $a_1, a_2, \dots, a_n$.
A team of SIS students is going to make a trip on a submarine. Their target is an ancient treasure in a sunken s... |
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Chanek Jones is back, helping his long-lost relative Indiana Jones, to find a secret treasure in a maze buried below a desert full of illusions.
The map of the labyrinth forms a tree with n rooms numbered from 1 to n and n - 1 tunnels connecting them s... |
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Dr. Evil kidnapped Mahmoud and Ehab in the evil land because of their performance in the Evil Olympiad in Informatics (EOI). He decided to give them some problems to let them go.
Dr. Evil is interested in sets, He has a set of n integers. Dr. Evil call... |
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Let's call an undirected graph of n vertices p-interesting, if the following conditions fulfill: the graph contains exactly 2n + p edges; the graph doesn't contain self-loops and multiple edges; for any integer k (1 ≤ k ≤ n), any subgraph consisting... |
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E869120 defined a sequence $a$ like this:
* $a_1=a_2=1$, $a_{k+2}=a_{k+1}+a_k \ (k \ge 1)$
He also defined sequences $d_1, d_2, d_3, \dots , d_n$, as the following recurrence relation :
* $d_{1, j} = a_j$
* $d_{i, j} = \sum_{k = 1}^j d_{i - 1, k} ... |
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Cowboy Beblop is a funny little boy who likes sitting at his computer. He somehow obtained two elastic hoops in the shape of 2D polygons, which are not necessarily convex. Since there's no gravity on his spaceship, the hoops are standing still in the ai... |
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The only difference between easy and hard versions is on constraints. In this version constraints are higher. You can make hacks only if all versions of the problem are solved.
Koa the Koala is at the beach!
The beach consists (from left to right) of ... |
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We conducted a survey on newspaper subscriptions. More specifically, we asked each of the N respondents the following two questions:
* Question 1: Are you subscribing to Newspaper X?
* Question 2: Are you subscribing to Newspaper Y?
As the result, A... |
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Tunnel formula
One day while exploring an abandoned mine, you found a long formula S written in the mine. If you like large numbers, you decide to take out the choke and add `(` or `)` so that the result of the formula calculation is as large as possib... |
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# Task
* **_Given_** *three integers* `a` ,`b` ,`c`, **_return_** *the **_largest number_** obtained after inserting the following operators and brackets*: `+`, `*`, `()`
* In other words , **_try every combination of a,b,c with [*+()] , and return the... |
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You are given a rectangular grid with $n$ rows and $m$ columns. The cell located on the $i$-th row from the top and the $j$-th column from the left has a value $a_{ij}$ written in it.
You can perform the following operation any number of times (possibl... |
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Problem
Den, the phone number of Ukunikia Co., Ltd., enters a very long phone number into the phone every day.
One day, too tired, Den came up with a surprising idea.
"Isn't it even a little easier if you rearrange the arrangement of the buttons on the... |
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Petya has a rectangular Board of size $n \times m$. Initially, $k$ chips are placed on the board, $i$-th chip is located in the cell at the intersection of $sx_i$-th row and $sy_i$-th column.
In one action, Petya can move all the chips to the left, rig... |
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On the well-known testing system MathForces, a draw of $n$ rating units is arranged. The rating will be distributed according to the following algorithm: if $k$ participants take part in this event, then the $n$ rating is evenly distributed between them... |
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You may know that Euclid was a mathematician. Well, as it turns out, Morpheus knew it too. So when he wanted to play a mean trick on Euclid, he sent him an appropriate nightmare.
In his bad dream Euclid has a set S of n m-dimensional vectors over the ... |
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Recently Vasya found a golden ticket — a sequence which consists of $n$ digits $a_1a_2\dots a_n$. Vasya considers a ticket to be lucky if it can be divided into two or more non-intersecting segments with equal sums. For example, ticket $350178$ is lucky... |
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Vasya writes his own library for building graphical user interface. Vasya called his creation VTK (VasyaToolKit). One of the interesting aspects of this library is that widgets are packed in each other.
A widget is some element of graphical interface.... |
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A star map in Berland is a checked field n × m squares. In each square there is or there is not a star. The favourite constellation of all Berland's astronomers is the constellation of the Cross. This constellation can be formed by any 5 stars so, that ... |
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You know that Japan is the country with almost the largest 'electronic devices per person' ratio. So you might be quite surprised to find out that the primary school in Japan teaches to count using a Soroban — an abacus developed in Japan. This phenomen... |
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The Kingdom of Takahashi has N towns, numbered 1 through N.
There is one teleporter in each town. The teleporter in Town i (1 \leq i \leq N) sends you to Town A_i.
Takahashi, the king, loves the positive integer K. The selfish king wonders what town he ... |
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FizzBuzz is often one of the first programming puzzles people learn. Now undo it with reverse FizzBuzz!
Write a function that accepts a string, which will always be a valid section of FizzBuzz. Your function must return an array that contains the numbe... |
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Nazar, a student of the scientific lyceum of the Kingdom of Kremland, is known for his outstanding mathematical abilities. Today a math teacher gave him a very difficult task.
Consider two infinite sets of numbers. The first set consists of odd positiv... |
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The employees of the F company have lots of ways to entertain themselves. Today they invited a famous magician who shows a trick with plastic cups and a marble.
The point is to trick the spectator's attention. Initially, the spectator stands in front o... |
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A programming competition site AtCode provides algorithmic problems.
Each problem is allocated a score based on its difficulty.
Currently, for each integer i between 1 and D (inclusive), there are p_i problems with a score of 100i points.
These p_1 + … ... |
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The government of Berland decided to improve network coverage in his country. Berland has a unique structure: the capital in the center and $n$ cities in a circle around the capital. The capital already has a good network coverage (so the government ign... |
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Ridhiman challenged Ashish to find the maximum valued subsequence of an array $a$ of size $n$ consisting of positive integers.
The value of a non-empty subsequence of $k$ elements of $a$ is defined as $\sum 2^i$ over all integers $i \ge 0$ such that a... |
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There are n piles of stones of sizes a1, a2, ..., an lying on the table in front of you.
During one move you can take one pile and add it to the other. As you add pile i to pile j, the size of pile j increases by the current size of pile i, and pile i ... |
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Your start-up's BA has told marketing that your website has a large audience in Scandinavia and surrounding countries. Marketing thinks it would be great to welcome visitors to the site in their own language. Luckily you already use an API that detects ... |
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Vasya has a grid with $2$ rows and $n$ columns. He colours each cell red, green, or blue.
Vasya is colourblind and can't distinguish green from blue. Determine if Vasya will consider the two rows of the grid to be coloured the same.
-----Input-----
... |
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Monocarp plays a computer game (yet again!). This game has a unique trading mechanics.
To trade with a character, Monocarp has to choose one of the items he possesses and trade it for some item the other character possesses. Each item has an integer pr... |
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Implication is a function of two logical arguments, its value is false if and only if the value of the first argument is true and the value of the second argument is false.
Implication is written by using character '$\rightarrow$', and the arguments a... |
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Problem
It seems that a magician with a smoky smell will show off his magic.
"Now, think of one favorite integer."
You decide to think of your counting years in your head.
The magician has thrown the query $ N $ times.
Each query is one of the follow... |
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You're hanging out with your friends in a bar, when suddenly one of them is so drunk, that he can't speak, and when he wants to say something, he writes it down on a paper. However, none of the words he writes make sense to you. He wants to help you, so... |
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It is so boring in the summer holiday, isn't it? So Alice and Bob have invented a new game to play. The rules are as follows. First, they get a set of n distinct integers. And then they take turns to make the following moves. During each move, either Al... |
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You have decided to watch the best moments of some movie. There are two buttons on your player: Watch the current minute of the movie. By pressing this button, you watch the current minute of the movie and the player automatically proceeds to the next... |
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To quickly hire highly skilled specialists one of the new IT City companies made an unprecedented move. Every employee was granted a car, and an employee can choose one of four different car makes.
The parking lot before the office consists of one line... |
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block.
In this problem you will have to help Berland army with organizing their command delivery system.
There are $n$ officers in Berland army. The first officer is the commander of the army, and he does not have any superiors. Every other officer has exactl... |
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block.
Write a program which reads an integer n and prints the number of prime numbers which are less than or equal to n. A prime number is a natural number which has exactly two distinct natural number divisors: 1 and itself. For example, the first four prime... |
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