question large_stringlengths 265 13.2k |
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Taro and Hanako have numbers of cards in their hands. Each of the cards has a score on it. Taro and Hanako wish to make the total scores of their cards equal by exchanging one card in one's hand with one card in the other's hand. Which of the cards shou... |
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Inzane finally found Zane with a lot of money to spare, so they together decided to establish a country of their own.
Ruling a country is not an easy job. Thieves and terrorists are always ready to ruin the country's peace. To fight back, Zane and Inza... |
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There is a frog living in a big pond. He loves jumping between lotus leaves floating on the pond. Interestingly, these leaves have strange habits. First, a leaf will sink into the water after the frog jumps from it. Second, they are aligned regularly as... |
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Given any integer x, Aoki can do the operation below.
Operation: Replace x with the absolute difference of x and K.
You are given the initial value of an integer N. Find the minimum possible value taken by N after Aoki does the operation zero or more ti... |
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Since you are the best Wraith King, Nizhniy Magazin «Mir» at the centre of Vinnytsia is offering you a discount.
You are given an array a of length n and an integer c.
The value of some array b of length k is the sum of its elements except for the $\... |
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Consider a sequence of digits of length $2^k$ $[a_1, a_2, \ldots, a_{2^k}]$. We perform the following operation with it: replace pairs $(a_{2i+1}, a_{2i+2})$ with $(a_{2i+1} + a_{2i+2})\bmod 10$ for $0\le i<2^{k-1}$. For every $i$ where $a_{2i+1} + a_{2... |
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Little Nastya has a hobby, she likes to remove some letters from word, to obtain another word. But it turns out to be pretty hard for her, because she is too young. Therefore, her brother Sergey always helps her.
Sergey gives Nastya the word t and want... |
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A permutation of N numbers from 1 to N A1, A2, ……, AN is given. You can perform the operation reverse (i, j) to reverse the order of the numbers in the interval [i, j] (1 ≤ i ≤ j ≤ N) for this permutation. For example, if reverse (2, 4) is applied to [1... |
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There are many blue cards and red cards on the table. For each card, an integer number greater than 1 is printed on its face. The same number may be printed on several cards.
A blue card and a red card can be paired when both of the numbers printed on ... |
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During her tantrums the princess usually smashes some collectable porcelain. Every furious shriek is accompanied with one item smashed.
The collection of porcelain is arranged neatly on n shelves. Within each shelf the items are placed in one row, so t... |
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You are given a integer $n$ ($n > 0$). Find any integer $s$ which satisfies these conditions, or report that there are no such numbers:
In the decimal representation of $s$: $s > 0$, $s$ consists of $n$ digits, no digit in $s$ equals $0$, $s$ is n... |
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A boy Petya loves chess very much. He even came up with a chess piece of his own, a semiknight. The semiknight can move in any of these four directions: 2 squares forward and 2 squares to the right, 2 squares forward and 2 squares to the left, 2 squares... |
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One day, Ikta, an elementary school student, received a piece of paper with mathematical formulas from his grandfather. Apparently, the grandfather will give you as much money as the answer to the formula. Ikta has only learned addition, subtraction, an... |
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problem
$ M $ students will be tested in a classroom with $ N $ seats in a straight line. Seats are numbered $ 1 \ dots N $ from the front, and $ 1 $ per seat can seat $ 1 $ students.
Now each student is sitting in the $ A_1, \ dots, A_M $ seats.
To ... |
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ACM countries have rivers that flow from east to west in the center. This river flows from the neighboring country in the west through the neighboring country in ACM to the neighboring country in the east, and the total length in ACM is K km. It is plan... |
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Example
Input
6
2
3
1
1
4
2
Output
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
Yes
No
Read the inputs from stdin solve the problem and write the answer to stdout (do not directly test on the sample inputs). Enclose your code within ```python delimiters. |
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A famous Berland's painter Kalevitch likes to shock the public. One of his last obsessions is chess. For more than a thousand years people have been playing this old game on uninteresting, monotonous boards. Kalevitch decided to put an end to this tradi... |
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It's now the season of TAKOYAKI FESTIVAL!
This year, N takoyaki (a ball-shaped food with a piece of octopus inside) will be served. The deliciousness of the i-th takoyaki is d_i.
As is commonly known, when you eat two takoyaki of deliciousness x and y t... |
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There are four points: $A(x_1, y_1)$, $B(x_2, y_2)$, $C(x_3, y_3)$, and $D(x_4, y_4)$. Write a program which determines whether the line $AB$ and the line $CD$ are parallel. If those two lines are parallel, your program should prints "YES" and if not pr... |
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# Task
Suppose there are `n` people standing in a circle and they are numbered 1 through n in order.
Person 1 starts off with a sword and kills person 2. He then passes the sword to the next person still standing, in this case person 3. Person 3 th... |
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To introduce the problem think to my neighbor who drives a tanker truck.
The level indicator is down and he is worried
because he does not know if he will be able to make deliveries.
We put the truck on a horizontal ground and measured the height of t... |
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You're given a string of dominos. For each slot, there are 3 options:
* "|" represents a standing domino
* "/" represents a knocked over domino
* " " represents a space where there is no domino
For example:
```python
"||| ||||//| |/"
```
Wh... |
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There are N people numbered 1 to N. Each of them is either an honest person whose testimonies are always correct or an unkind person whose testimonies may be correct or not.
Person i gives A_i testimonies. The j-th testimony by Person i is represented b... |
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Problem
Let $ f (x) $ be the sum of each digit when the non-negative integer $ x $ is expressed in binary.
Given a positive integer $ N $, output the largest of $ f (0) $, $ f (1) $, ..., $ f (N) $.
Example of calculating the function $ f (5) $:
When... |
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All cities of Lineland are located on the Ox coordinate axis. Thus, each city is associated with its position x_{i} — a coordinate on the Ox axis. No two cities are located at a single point.
Lineland residents love to send letters to each other. A per... |
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You are given an array of positive integers $a = [a_0, a_1, \dots, a_{n - 1}]$ ($n \ge 2$).
In one step, the array $a$ is replaced with another array of length $n$, in which each element is the greatest common divisor (GCD) of two neighboring elements ... |
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There is a grid with H rows and W columns.
The square at the i-th row and j-th column contains a string S_{i,j} of length 5.
The rows are labeled with the numbers from 1 through H, and the columns are labeled with the uppercase English letters from `A... |
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In some other world, today is December D-th.
Write a program that prints Christmas if D = 25, Christmas Eve if D = 24, Christmas Eve Eve if D = 23 and Christmas Eve Eve Eve if D = 22.
-----Constraints-----
- 22 \leq D \leq 25
- D is an integer.
----... |
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Read problems statements in Mandarin Chinese and Russian.
You are given two positive integers – A and B. You have to check whether A is divisible by all the prime divisors of B.
------ Input ------
The first line of the input contains an integer T... |
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The brave Knight came to the King and asked permission to marry the princess. The King knew that the Knight was brave, but he also wanted to know if he was smart enough. So he asked him to solve the following task.
There is a permutation $p_i$ of numbe... |
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We are still with squared integers.
Given 4 integers `a, b, c, d` we form the sum of the squares of `a` and `b`
and then the sum of the squares of `c` and `d`. We multiply the two sums hence a number `n` and we try to
decompose `n` in a sum of two squa... |
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There is a new attraction in Singapore Zoo: The Infinite Zoo.
The Infinite Zoo can be represented by a graph with an infinite number of vertices labeled $1,2,3,\ldots$. There is a directed edge from vertex $u$ to vertex $u+v$ if and only if $u\&v=v$, w... |
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Complete the solution so that it strips all text that follows any of a set of comment markers passed in. Any whitespace at the end of the line should also be stripped out.
**Example:**
Given an input string of:
```
apples, pears # and bananas
grapes
... |
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This is an interactive problem.
In the Wonderful Metropolis of the Future, there is no need in subway train drivers. Due to the technological progress, they were replaced by the Artificial Intelligence (AI). Unfortunately, one day the predictions of sc... |
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Most C/C++ programmers know about excellent opportunities that preprocessor #define directives give; but many know as well about the problems that can arise because of their careless use.
In this problem we consider the following model of #define const... |
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Find the length between 2 co-ordinates. The co-ordinates are made of integers between -20 and 20 and will be given in the form of a 2D array:
(0,0) and (5,-7) would be [ [ 0 , 0 ] , [ 5, -7 ] ]
The function must return the answer rounded to 2 decimal... |
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A connected undirected graph is called a vertex cactus, if each vertex of this graph belongs to at most one simple cycle.
A simple cycle in a undirected graph is a sequence of distinct vertices v1, v2, ..., vt (t > 2), such that for any i (1 ≤ i < t) e... |
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There are n points marked on the plane. The points are situated in such a way that they form a regular polygon (marked points are its vertices, and they are numbered in counter-clockwise order). You can draw n - 1 segments, each connecting any two marke... |
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Let's define the permutation of length n as an array p = [p1, p2, ..., pn] consisting of n distinct integers from range from 1 to n. We say that this permutation maps value 1 into the value p1, value 2 into the value p2 and so on.
Kyota Ootori has just... |
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Create a function named `divisors`/`Divisors` that takes an integer `n > 1` and returns an array with all of the integer's divisors(except for 1 and the number itself), from smallest to largest. If the number is prime return the string '(integer) is pri... |
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```if-not:sql
Implement a function that receives two IPv4 addresses, and returns the number of addresses between them (including the first one, excluding the last one).
```
```if:sql
Given a database of first and last IPv4 addresses, calculate the numb... |
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This problem is same as the previous one, but has larger constraints.
It was a Sunday morning when the three friends Selena, Shiro and Katie decided to have a trip to the nearby power station (do not try this at home). After arriving at the power stati... |
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The only difference between easy and hard versions is the length of the string. You can hack this problem if you solve it. But you can hack the previous problem only if you solve both problems.
Kirk has a binary string $s$ (a string which consists of z... |
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Consider some set of distinct characters $A$ and some string $S$, consisting of exactly $n$ characters, where each character is present in $A$.
You are given an array of $m$ integers $b$ ($b_1 < b_2 < \dots < b_m$).
You are allowed to perform the fol... |
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There are n employees in Alternative Cake Manufacturing (ACM). They are now voting on some very important question and the leading world media are trying to predict the outcome of the vote.
Each of the employees belongs to one of two fractions: depubli... |
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Iahub is so happy about inventing bubble sort graphs that he's staying all day long at the office and writing permutations. Iahubina is angry that she is no more important for Iahub. When Iahub goes away, Iahubina comes to his office and sabotage his re... |
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Vasily the Programmer loves romance, so this year he decided to illuminate his room with candles.
Vasily has a candles.When Vasily lights up a new candle, it first burns for an hour and then it goes out. Vasily is smart, so he can make b went out candl... |
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Eve is a beginner stand-up comedian. Her first show gathered a grand total of two spectators: Alice and Bob.
Eve prepared $a_1 + a_2 + a_3 + a_4$ jokes to tell, grouped by their type:
type 1: both Alice and Bob like them;
type 2: Alice likes them, bu... |
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After their adventure with the magic mirror Kay and Gerda have returned home and sometimes give free ice cream to kids in the summer.
At the start of the day they have x ice cream packs. Since the ice cream is free, people start standing in the queue b... |
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You are given an array $a$ of length $n$ consisting of integers. You can apply the following operation, consisting of several steps, on the array $a$ zero or more times:
you select two different numbers in the array $a_i$ and $a_j$;
you remove $i$-th ... |
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You are given a set of points on a straight line. Each point has a color assigned to it. For point a, its neighbors are the points which don't have any other points between them and a. Each point has at most two neighbors - one from the left and one fro... |
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Given is a positive integer N.
We will choose an integer K between 2 and N (inclusive), then we will repeat the operation below until N becomes less than K.
- Operation: if K divides N, replace N with N/K; otherwise, replace N with N-K.
In how many cho... |
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During a New Year special offer the "Sudislavl Bars" offered n promo codes. Each promo code consists of exactly six digits and gives right to one free cocktail at the bar "Mosquito Shelter". Of course, all the promocodes differ.
As the "Mosquito Shelte... |
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For a given sequence $A = \\{a_0, a_1, ..., a_{n-1}\\}$ which is sorted by ascending order, find a specific value $k$ given as a query.
Constraints
* $1 \leq n \leq 100,000$
* $1 \leq q \leq 200,000$
* $0 \leq a_0 \leq a_1 \leq ... \leq a_{n-1} \leq 1... |
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Squirrel Liss is interested in sequences. She also has preferences of integers. She thinks n integers a1, a2, ..., an are good.
Now she is interested in good sequences. A sequence x1, x2, ..., xk is called good if it satisfies the following three condi... |
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Polycarp knows that if the sum of the digits of a number is divisible by $3$, then the number itself is divisible by $3$. He assumes that the numbers, the sum of the digits of which is divisible by $4$, are also somewhat interesting. Thus, he considers ... |
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In the Kingdom of AtCoder, only banknotes are used as currency. There are 10^{100}+1 kinds of banknotes, with the values of 1, 10, 10^2, 10^3, \dots, 10^{(10^{100})}. You have come shopping at a mall and are now buying a takoyaki machine with a value of... |
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Let's denote a function $f(x)$ in such a way: we add $1$ to $x$, then, while there is at least one trailing zero in the resulting number, we remove that zero. For example, $f(599) = 6$: $599 + 1 = 600 \rightarrow 60 \rightarrow 6$; $f(7) = 8$: $7 + 1... |
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Implement the function which should return `true` if given object is a vowel (meaning `a, e, i, o, u`), and `false` otherwise.
Write your solution by modifying this code:
```python
def is_vowel(s):
```
Your solution should implemented in the functi... |
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Vasya's bicycle chain drive consists of two parts: n stars are attached to the pedal axle, m stars are attached to the rear wheel axle. The chain helps to rotate the rear wheel by transmitting the pedal rotation.
We know that the i-th star on the pedal... |
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Consider the following process. You have a binary string (a string where each character is either 0 or 1) $w$ of length $n$ and an integer $x$. You build a new binary string $s$ consisting of $n$ characters. The $i$-th character of $s$ is chosen as foll... |
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A number is called powerful if it is a power of two or a factorial. In other words, the number $m$ is powerful if there exists a non-negative integer $d$ such that $m=2^d$ or $m=d!$, where $d!=1\cdot 2\cdot \ldots \cdot d$ (in particular, $0! = 1$). For... |
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Theatre Square in the capital city of Berland has a rectangular shape with the size n × m meters. On the occasion of the city's anniversary, a decision was taken to pave the Square with square granite flagstones. Each flagstone is of the size a × a.
Wh... |
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You're given an array $b$ of length $n$. Let's define another array $a$, also of length $n$, for which $a_i = 2^{b_i}$ ($1 \leq i \leq n$).
Valerii says that every two non-intersecting subarrays of $a$ have different sums of elements. You want to dete... |
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On the Planet AtCoder, there are four types of bases: A, C, G and T. A bonds with T, and C bonds with G.
You are given a letter b as input, which is A, C, G or T. Write a program that prints the letter representing the base that bonds with the base b.
... |
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When Mr. Kay was browsing a certain SNS as usual, the problem that "there are people who can solve IQ150 or more" came to the timeline. Mr. Kay has an IQ of over 150, so he solved the problem in an instant without even looking at it. For him, he doesn't... |
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Write a program which prints $n$-th fibonacci number for a given integer $n$. The $n$-th fibonacci number is defined by the following recursive formula:
\begin{equation*} fib(n)= \left \\{ \begin{array}{ll} 1 & (n = 0) \\\ 1 & (n = 1) \\\ fib(n - 1) + ... |
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Everlasting Sa-Ga, a new, hot and very popular role-playing game, is out on October 19, 2008. Fans have been looking forward to a new title of Everlasting Sa-Ga.
Little Jimmy is in trouble. He is a seven-year-old boy, and he obtained the Everlasting Sa... |
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Tanechka is shopping in the toy shop. There are exactly $n$ toys in the shop for sale, the cost of the $i$-th toy is $i$ burles. She wants to choose two toys in such a way that their total cost is $k$ burles. How many ways to do that does she have?
Eac... |
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Captain Flint and his crew keep heading to a savage shore of Byteland for several months already, drinking rum and telling stories. In such moments uncle Bogdan often remembers his nephew Denis. Today, he has told a story about how Denis helped him to c... |
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Monocarp has forgotten the password to his mobile phone. The password consists of $4$ digits from $0$ to $9$ (note that it can start with the digit $0$).
Monocarp remembers that his password had exactly two different digits, and each of these digits ap... |
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The Hedgehog recently remembered one of his favorite childhood activities, — solving puzzles, and got into it with new vigor. He would sit day in, day out with his friend buried into thousands of tiny pieces of the picture, looking for the required item... |
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problem
There are $ N $ propositions, named $ 1, 2, \ cdots, N $, respectively. Also, $ M $ information about the propositions is given. The $ i $ th information is "$ a_i $$". Given in the form "b_i $", which means that $ a_i $ is $ b_i $. ("If" is a ... |
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International Center for Picassonian Cubism is a Spanish national museum of cubist artworks, dedicated to Pablo Picasso. The center held a competition for an artwork that will be displayed in front of the facade of the museum building. The artwork is a ... |
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Problem
Yamano Mifune Gakuen's 1st grade G group is a class where female students carrying misfortune gather. They face various challenges every day with the goal of being happy.
In their class, they can take practical happiness courses as part of the... |
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Recently, you bought a brand new smart lamp with programming features. At first, you set up a schedule to the lamp. Every day it will turn power on at moment $0$ and turn power off at moment $M$. Moreover, the lamp allows you to set a program of switchi... |
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Backgorund
The super popular game "Puzzle & Hexagons" has finally been released. This game is so funny that many people are addicted to it. There were a number of people who were certified as addicted by doctors because of their excessive enthusiasm. V... |
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You went to the store, selling $n$ types of chocolates. There are $a_i$ chocolates of type $i$ in stock.
You have unlimited amount of cash (so you are not restricted by any prices) and want to buy as many chocolates as possible. However if you buy $x_i... |
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This is the easier version of the problem. In this version $1 \le n, m \le 100$. You can hack this problem only if you solve and lock both problems.
You are given a sequence of integers $a=[a_1,a_2,\dots,a_n]$ of length $n$. Its subsequence is obtained... |
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One day you wanted to read something, so you went to your bookshelf to grab some book. But when you saw how messy the bookshelf was you decided to clean it up first.
There are $n$ books standing in a row on the shelf, the $i$-th book has color $a_i$.
... |
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Efim just received his grade for the last test. He studies in a special school and his grade can be equal to any positive decimal fraction. First he got disappointed, as he expected a way more pleasant result. Then, he developed a tricky plan. Each seco... |
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KISS stands for Keep It Simple Stupid.
It is a design principle for keeping things simple rather than complex.
You are the boss of Joe.
Joe is submitting words to you to publish to a blog. He likes to complicate things.
Define a function that determi... |
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There is an array with some numbers. All numbers are equal except for one. Try to find it!
```python
find_uniq([ 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1 ]) == 2
find_uniq([ 0, 0, 0.55, 0, 0 ]) == 0.55
```
It’s guaranteed that array contains at least 3 numbers.
The tests co... |
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You are given $a$ uppercase Latin letters 'A' and $b$ letters 'B'.
The period of the string is the smallest such positive integer $k$ that $s_i = s_{i~mod~k}$ ($0$-indexed) for each $i$. Note that this implies that $k$ won't always divide $a+b = |s|$.
... |
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Johnny has recently found an ancient, broken computer. The machine has only one register, which allows one to put in there one variable. Then in one operation, you can shift its bits left or right by at most three positions. The right shift is forbidden... |
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Kirito is stuck on a level of the MMORPG he is playing now. To move on in the game, he's got to defeat all n dragons that live on this level. Kirito and the dragons have strength, which is represented by an integer. In the duel between two opponents the... |
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You are given an array $a_1, a_2, \dots, a_n$ consisting of $n$ distinct integers. Count the number of pairs of indices $(i, j)$ such that $i < j$ and $a_i \cdot a_j = i + j$.
-----Input-----
The first line contains one integer $t$ ($1 \leq t \leq 10... |
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Our bear's forest has a checkered field. The checkered field is an n × n table, the rows are numbered from 1 to n from top to bottom, the columns are numbered from 1 to n from left to right. Let's denote a cell of the field on the intersection of row x ... |
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Little Dormi received a histogram with $n$ bars of height $a_1, a_2, \ldots, a_n$ for Christmas. However, the more he played with his new histogram, the more he realized its imperfections, so today he wanted to modify it to his liking.
To modify the hi... |
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A way to make a new task is to make it nondeterministic or probabilistic. For example, the hard task of Topcoder SRM 595, Constellation, is the probabilistic version of a convex hull.
Let's try to make a new task. Firstly we will use the following task... |
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Problem
I chose creature observation as the theme of my free study during the summer vacation and purchased a creature observation kit.
This creature prefers to live in a three-dimensional grid-like space. Only one animal can be placed in each cell. I... |
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wHAT DO WE NEED cAPS LOCK FOR?
Caps lock is a computer keyboard key. Pressing it sets an input mode in which typed letters are capital by default. If it is pressed by accident, it leads to accidents like the one we had in the first passage.
Let's con... |
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Write a function getMean that takes as parameters an array (arr) and 2 integers (x and y). The function should return the mean between the mean of the the first x elements of the array and the mean of the last y elements of the array.
The mean should b... |
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Takahashi and Aoki will have a battle using their monsters.
The health and strength of Takahashi's monster are A and B, respectively, and those of Aoki's monster are C and D, respectively.
The two monsters will take turns attacking, in the order Takahas... |
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A stowaway and a controller play the following game.
The train is represented by n wagons which are numbered with positive integers from 1 to n from the head to the tail. The stowaway and the controller are initially in some two different wagons. Ever... |
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Our fruit guy has a bag of fruit (represented as an array of strings) where some fruits are rotten. He wants to replace all the rotten pieces of fruit with fresh ones. For example, given `["apple","rottenBanana","apple"]` the replaced array should be `[... |
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block.
Reverse and invert all integer values in a given list.
Python:
reverse_invert([1,12,'a',3.4,87,99.9,-42,50,5.6]) = [-1,-21,-78,24,-5]
Ignore all other types than integer.
Write your solution by modifying this code:
```python
def reverse_in... |
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block.
Volodya likes listening to heavy metal and (occasionally) reading. No wonder Volodya is especially interested in texts concerning his favourite music style.
Volodya calls a string powerful if it starts with "heavy" and ends with "metal". Finding all po... |
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block.
# Write Number in Expanded Form
You will be given a number and you will need to return it as a string in [Expanded Form](https://www.mathplacementreview.com/arithmetic/whole-numbers.php#expanded-form). For example:
```python
expanded_form(12) # Should... |
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block.
In recent years John has very successfully settled at his new job at the office. But John doesn't like to idly sit around while his code is compiling, so he immediately found himself an interesting distraction. The point of his distraction was to mainta... |
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