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Find the number of ways to choose a pair of an even number and an odd number from the positive integers between 1 and K (inclusive). The order does not matter.
-----Constraints-----
- 2\leq K\leq 100
- K is an integer.
-----Input-----
Input is given... |
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There is a robot on a checkered field that is endless in all directions. Initially, the robot is located in the cell with coordinates (0, 0). He will execute commands which are described by a string of capital Latin letters 'L', 'R', 'D', 'U'. When a co... |
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There are n kangaroos with pockets. Each kangaroo has a size (integer number). A kangaroo can go into another kangaroo's pocket if and only if the size of kangaroo who hold the kangaroo is at least twice as large as the size of kangaroo who is held.
Ea... |
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Mitya has a rooted tree with n vertices indexed from 1 to n, where the root has index 1. Each vertex v initially had an integer number a_v ≥ 0 written on it. For every vertex v Mitya has computed s_v: the sum of all values written on the vertices on the... |
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Johny likes numbers n and k very much. Now Johny wants to find the smallest integer x greater than n, so it is divisible by the number k.
-----Input-----
The only line contains two integers n and k (1 ≤ n, k ≤ 10^9).
-----Output-----
Print the sma... |
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Takahashi is not good at problems about trees in programming contests, and Aoki is helping him practice.
First, Takahashi created a tree with N vertices numbered 1 through N, and wrote 0 at each edge.
Then, Aoki gave him M queries. The i-th of them is... |
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()
Problem Statement
There is a string S. Initially, S is an empty string.
Perform the following processing in order of n.
* Add x_i p_i (=" (" or") ") to the end of S.
After processing, determine if S is a well-balanced string.
"The string is ba... |
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The city of Fishtopia can be imagined as a grid of 4 rows and an odd number of columns. It has two main villages; the first is located at the top-left cell (1,1), people who stay there love fishing at the Tuna pond at the bottom-right cell (4, n). The s... |
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The only difference between easy and hard versions is constraints.
If you write a solution in Python, then prefer to send it in PyPy to speed up execution time.
A session has begun at Beland State University. Many students are taking exams.
Polygraph... |
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Some new animals have arrived at the zoo. The zoo keeper is concerned that perhaps the animals do not have the right tails. To help her, you must correct the broken function to make sure that the second argument (tail), is the same as the last letter of... |
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Dima got into number sequences. Now he's got sequence a_1, a_2, ..., a_{n}, consisting of n positive integers. Also, Dima has got a function f(x), which can be defined with the following recurrence: f(0) = 0; f(2·x) = f(x); f(2·x + 1) = f(x) + 1.
D... |
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The hero of our story, Valera, and his best friend Arcady are still in school, and therefore they spend all the free time playing turn-based strategy "GAGA: Go And Go Again". The gameplay is as follows.
There are two armies on the playing field each o... |
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Snuke, a water strider, lives in a rectangular pond that can be seen as a grid with H east-west rows and W north-south columns. Let (i,j) be the square at the i-th row from the north and j-th column from the west.
Some of the squares have a lotus leaf o... |
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Read problems statements in Mandarin Chinese , Russian and Vietnamese as well.
Chef belongs to a very rich family which owns many gold mines. Today, he brought N gold coins and decided to form a triangle using these coins. Isn't it strange?
Chef has ... |
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After the piece of a devilish mirror hit the Kay's eye, he is no longer interested in the beauty of the roses. Now he likes to watch snowflakes.
Once upon a time, he found a huge snowflake that has a form of the tree (connected acyclic graph) consistin... |
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Misha and Vanya have played several table tennis sets. Each set consists of several serves, each serve is won by one of the players, he receives one point and the loser receives nothing. Once one of the players scores exactly k points, the score is rese... |
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This problem consists of three subproblems: for solving subproblem F1 you will receive 8 points, for solving subproblem F2 you will receive 15 points, and for solving subproblem F3 you will receive 10 points.
Manao has developed a model to predict the ... |
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For a finite set of integers X, let f(X)=\max X - \min X.
Given are N integers A_1,...,A_N.
We will choose K of them and let S be the set of the integers chosen. If we distinguish elements with different indices even when their values are the same, ther... |
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Some time ago Leonid have known about idempotent functions. Idempotent function defined on a set {1, 2, ..., n} is such function $g : \{1,2, \ldots, n \} \rightarrow \{1,2, \ldots, n \}$, that for any $x \in \{1,2, \ldots, n \}$ the formula g(g(x)) = g(... |
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How Many Divisors?
Write a program which reads three integers a, b and c, and prints the number of divisors of c between a and b.
Constraints
* 1 ≤ a, b, c ≤ 10000
* a ≤ b
Input
Three integers a, b and c are given in a line separated by a single sp... |
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A nested list (or *array* in JavaScript) is a list that apears as a value inside another list,
```python
[item, item, [item, item], item]
```
in the above list, [item, item] is a nested list.
Your goal is to write a function that determines the de... |
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Gilbert is the network admin of Ginkgo company. His boss is mad about the messy network cables on the floor. He finally walked up to Gilbert and asked the lazy network admin to illustrate how computers and switches are connected. Since he is a programme... |
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You are given a directed graph consisting of n vertices and m edges (each edge is directed, so it can be traversed in only one direction). You are allowed to remove at most one edge from it.
Can you make this graph acyclic by removing at most one edge ... |
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According to a new ISO standard, a flag of every country should have, strangely enough, a chequered field n × m, each square should be wholly painted one of 26 colours. The following restrictions are set:
* In each row at most two different colours ... |
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Can you imagine our life if we removed all zeros from it? For sure we will have many problems.
In this problem we will have a simple example if we removed all zeros from our life, it's the addition operation. Let's assume you are given this equation a ... |
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You've had a baby.
Well done. Nice isn't it? Life destroying... but in a good way.
Part of your new routine is lying awake at night worrying that you've either lost the baby... or that you have more than 1!
Given a string of words (x), you need to ca... |
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Sereja loves all sorts of algorithms. He has recently come up with a new algorithm, which receives a string as an input. Let's represent the input string of the algorithm as q = q_1q_2... q_{k}. The algorithm consists of two steps:
Find any continuou... |
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Takahashi, who is a novice in competitive programming, wants to learn M algorithms.
Initially, his understanding level of each of the M algorithms is 0.
Takahashi is visiting a bookstore, where he finds N books on algorithms.
The i-th book (1\leq i\leq ... |
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A renowned abstract artist Sasha, drawing inspiration from nowhere, decided to paint a picture entitled "Special Olympics". He justly thought that, if the regular Olympic games have five rings, then the Special ones will do with exactly two rings just f... |
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Fennec and Snuke are playing a board game.
On the board, there are N cells numbered 1 through N, and N-1 roads, each connecting two cells. Cell a_i is adjacent to Cell b_i through the i-th road. Every cell can be reached from every other cell by repeate... |
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Consider the following equation:
<image> where sign [a] represents the integer part of number a.
Let's find all integer z (z > 0), for which this equation is unsolvable in positive integers. The phrase "unsolvable in positive integers" means that the... |
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Problem statement
There is a rational number sequence $ X_0, X_1, X_2, ..., X_N $. Each term is defined as follows.
1. $ X_0 = 0 $
2. $ X_i = X_ {i-1} $ $ op_i $ $ Y_i $ ($ 1 \ leq i \ leq N $). However, $ op_i $ is $ + $, $ − $, $ × $, $ ÷ $ Either.... |
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Marcin is a coach in his university. There are $n$ students who want to attend a training camp. Marcin is a smart coach, so he wants to send only the students that can work calmly with each other.
Let's focus on the students. They are indexed with inte... |
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Once upon a time in the Kingdom of Far Far Away lived Sam the Farmer. Sam had a cow named Dawn and he was deeply attached to her. Sam would spend the whole summer stocking hay to feed Dawn in winter. Sam scythed hay and put it into haystack. As Sam was ... |
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Recently, on the course of algorithms and data structures, Valeriy learned how to use a deque. He built a deque filled with $n$ elements. The $i$-th element is $a_i$ ($i$ = $1, 2, \ldots, n$). He gradually takes the first two leftmost elements from the ... |
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# Largest Rectangle in Background
Imagine a photo taken to be used in an advertisement. The background on the left of the motive is whitish and you want to write some text on that background. So you scan the photo with a high resolution scanner and, fo... |
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Given is a permutation P_1, \ldots, P_N of 1, \ldots, N.
Find the number of integers i (1 \leq i \leq N) that satisfy the following condition:
- For any integer j (1 \leq j \leq i), P_i \leq P_j.
-----Constraints-----
- 1 \leq N \leq 2 \times 10^5
... |
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Write a function which takes a number and returns the corresponding ASCII char for that value.
Example:
~~~if-not:java,racket
```
get_char(65) # => 'A'
```
~~~
~~~if:java
~~~
~~~if:racket
~~~
For ASCII table, you can refer to http://www.asciitable.c... |
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You are an environmental activist at heart but the reality is harsh and you are just a cashier in a cinema. But you can still do something!
You have n tickets to sell. The price of the i-th ticket is p_i. As a teller, you have a possibility to select t... |
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You've been in love with Coronavirus-chan for a long time, but you didn't know where she lived until now. And just now you found out that she lives in a faraway place called Naha.
You immediately decided to take a vacation and visit Coronavirus-chan. ... |
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Imagine that there is a group of three friends: A, B and С. A owes B 20 rubles and B owes C 20 rubles. The total sum of the debts is 40 rubles. You can see that the debts are not organized in a very optimal manner. Let's rearrange them like that: assume... |
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In a world, a mysterious snake made of only letters lives. Two types of snakes are currently identified, type A and type B, but there may be other types as well.
For class A, after ">'" is followed by one or more "=", "#" comes, and after the same numb... |
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There are N Snuke Cats numbered 1, 2, \ldots, N, where N is even.
Each Snuke Cat wears a red scarf, on which his favorite non-negative integer is written.
Recently, they learned the operation called xor (exclusive OR).What is xor?
For n non-negative in... |
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Something happened in Uzhlyandia again... There are riots on the streets... Famous Uzhlyandian superheroes Shean the Sheep and Stas the Giraffe were called in order to save the situation. Upon the arriving, they found that citizens are worried about max... |
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Ramesses came to university to algorithms practice, and his professor, who is a fairly known programmer, gave him the following task.
You are given two matrices $A$ and $B$ of size $n \times m$, each of which consists of $0$ and $1$ only. You can apply... |
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Recently a new building with a new layout was constructed in Monocarp's hometown. According to this new layout, the building consists of three types of apartments: three-room, five-room, and seven-room apartments. It's also known that each room of each ... |
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A railroad running from west to east in Atcoder Kingdom is now complete.
There are N stations on the railroad, numbered 1 through N from west to east.
Tomorrow, the opening ceremony of the railroad will take place.
On this railroad, for each integer i s... |
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The development of a text editor is a hard problem. You need to implement an extra module for brackets coloring in text.
Your editor consists of a line with infinite length and cursor, which points to the current character. Please note that it points t... |
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What's in a name?
..Or rather, what's a name in? For us, a particular string is where we are looking for a name.
Task
Test whether or not the string contains all of the letters which spell a given name, in order.
The format
A function passing two str... |
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[Haikus](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haiku_in_English) are short poems in a three-line format, with 17 syllables arranged in a 5–7–5 pattern. Your task is to check if the supplied text is a haiku or not.
### About syllables
[Syllables](https://en.w... |
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An art exhibition will be held in JOI. At the art exhibition, various works of art from all over the country will be exhibited.
N works of art were collected as candidates for the works of art to be exhibited. These works of art are numbered 1, 2, ...,... |
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Santa puts all the presents into the huge sack. In order to let his reindeers rest a bit, he only takes as many reindeers with him as he is required to do. The others may take a nap.
Two reindeers are always required for the sleigh and Santa himself. A... |
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We have N points in the two-dimensional plane. The coordinates of the i-th point are (X_i,Y_i).
Among them, we are looking for the points such that the distance from the origin is at most D. How many such points are there?
We remind you that the dista... |
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You are given a set of n elements indexed from 1 to n. The weight of i-th element is w_{i}. The weight of some subset of a given set is denoted as $W(S) =|S|\cdot \sum_{i \in S} w_{i}$. The weight of some partition R of a given set into k subsets is $W(... |
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There are two bus stops denoted A and B, and there n buses that go from A to B every day. The shortest path from A to B takes t units of time but some buses might take longer paths. Moreover, buses are allowed to overtake each other during the route.
A... |
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Rng is preparing a problem set for a qualification round of CODEFESTIVAL.
He has N candidates of problems. The difficulty of the i-th candidate is D_i.
There must be M problems in the problem set, and the difficulty of the i-th problem must be T_i. He... |
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Misha and Vasya participated in a Codeforces contest. Unfortunately, each of them solved only one problem, though successfully submitted it at the first attempt. Misha solved the problem that costs a points and Vasya solved the problem that costs b poin... |
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Manao has a monitor. The screen of the monitor has horizontal to vertical length ratio a:b. Now he is going to watch a movie. The movie's frame has horizontal to vertical length ratio c:d. Manao adjusts the view in such a way that the movie preserves th... |
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The objective is to return all pairs of integers from a given array of integers that have a difference of 2.
The result array should be sorted in ascending order of values.
Assume there are no duplicate integers in the array. The order of the integers... |
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The biggest event of the year – Cota 2 world championship "The Innernational" is right around the corner. $2^n$ teams will compete in a double-elimination format (please, carefully read problem statement even if you know what is it) to identify the cham... |
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On March 14, the day of the number $\pi$ is celebrated all over the world. This is a very important mathematical constant equal to the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter.
Polycarp was told at school that the number $\pi$ is irration... |
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This problem consists of three subproblems: for solving subproblem C1 you will receive 4 points, for solving subproblem C2 you will receive 4 points, and for solving subproblem C3 you will receive 8 points.
Manao decided to pursue a fighter's career. H... |
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Vasya has got three integers n, m and k. He'd like to find three integer points (x_1, y_1), (x_2, y_2), (x_3, y_3), such that 0 ≤ x_1, x_2, x_3 ≤ n, 0 ≤ y_1, y_2, y_3 ≤ m and the area of the triangle formed by these points is equal to nm/k.
Help Vasya!... |
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Robbers, who attacked the Gerda's cab, are very successful in covering from the kingdom police. To make the goal of catching them even harder, they use their own watches.
First, as they know that kingdom police is bad at math, robbers use the positiona... |
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With the motto "Creating your own path," a shrine created a fortune-telling fortune with its own hands. Ask the person who draws the lottery to throw six stones first, then the line segment connecting the first and second of the thrown stones, the line ... |
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It is important to use strong passwords to make the Internet more secure. At the same time, it is very important not to reuse the same password. No matter how strong your password is, if the plaintext is leaked in one place, it will be very easy to brea... |
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The door of Snuke's laboratory is locked with a security code.
The security code is a 4-digit number. We say the security code is hard to enter when it contains two consecutive digits that are the same.
You are given the current security code S. If S is... |
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You are given a 4-character string S consisting of uppercase English letters.
Determine if S consists of exactly two kinds of characters which both appear twice in S.
-----Constraints-----
- The length of S is 4.
- S consists of uppercase English let... |
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This is a problem that involves adding numbers to items in a list.
In a list you will have to add the item's remainder when divided by a given divisor to each item.
For example if the item is 40 and the divisor is 3 you would have to add 1 since 40 min... |
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## Task
Your challenge is to write a function named `getSlope`/`get_slope`/`GetSlope` that calculates the slope of the line through two points.
## Input
```if:javascript,python
Each point that the function takes in is an array 2 elements long. The fi... |
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Robbers, who attacked the Gerda's cab, are very successful in covering from the kingdom police. To make the goal of catching them even harder, they use their own watches.
First, as they know that kingdom police is bad at math, robbers use the positiona... |
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Unlike Knights of a Round Table, Knights of a Polygonal Table deprived of nobility and happy to kill each other. But each knight has some power and a knight can kill another knight if and only if his power is greater than the power of victim. However, e... |
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Let's define a forest as a non-directed acyclic graph (also without loops and parallel edges). One day Misha played with the forest consisting of n vertices. For each vertex v from 0 to n - 1 he wrote down two integers, degree_{v} and s_{v}, were the fi... |
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There is a tree T with N vertices, numbered 1 through N. For each 1 ≤ i ≤ N - 1, the i-th edge connects vertices a_i and b_i.
Snuke is constructing a directed graph T' by arbitrarily assigning direction to each edge in T. (There are 2^{N - 1} different... |
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Rational numbers are numbers represented by ratios of two integers. For a prime number p, one of the elementary theorems in the number theory is that there is no rational number equal to √p. Such numbers are called irrational numbers. It is also known t... |
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Chef's new hobby is painting, but he learned the fact that it's not easy to paint 2D pictures in a hard way, after wasting a lot of canvas paper, paint and of course time. From now on, he decided to paint 1D pictures only.
Chef's canvas is N millimeters... |
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Mr. Takahashi has a string s consisting of lowercase English letters. He repeats the following operation on s exactly K times.
* Choose an arbitrary letter on s and change that letter to the next alphabet. Note that the next letter of `z` is `a`.
Fo... |
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It is only six months until Christmas, and AtCoDeer the reindeer is now planning his travel to deliver gifts.
There are N houses along TopCoDeer street. The i-th house is located at coordinate a_i. He has decided to deliver gifts to all these houses.
... |
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Inna is a great piano player and Dima is a modest guitar player. Dima has recently written a song and they want to play it together. Of course, Sereja wants to listen to the song very much.
A song is a sequence of notes. Dima and Inna want to play eac... |
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# Don't give me five!
In this kata you get the start number and the end number of a region and should return the count of all numbers except numbers with a 5 in it. The start and the end number are both inclusive!
Examples:
```
1,9 -> 1,2,3,4,6,7,8,9... |
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Many years have passed, and n friends met at a party again. Technologies have leaped forward since the last meeting, cameras with timer appeared and now it is not obligatory for one of the friends to stand with a camera, and, thus, being absent on the p... |
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Today is Chef's birthday. His mom has surprised him with truly fruity gifts: 2 fruit baskets. The first basket contains N apples, and the second one contains M oranges. Chef likes apples and oranges very much but he likes them equally, and therefore, wa... |
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Nadeko's birthday is approaching! As she decorated the room for the party, a long garland of Dianthus-shaped paper pieces was placed on a prominent part of the wall. Brother Koyomi will like it!
Still unsatisfied with the garland, Nadeko decided to pol... |
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An infinitely long railway has a train consisting of n cars, numbered from 1 to n (the numbers of all the cars are distinct) and positioned in arbitrary order. David Blaine wants to sort the railway cars in the order of increasing numbers. In one move h... |
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As we all know, Max is the best video game player among her friends. Her friends were so jealous of hers, that they created an actual game just to prove that she's not the best at games. The game is played on a directed acyclic graph (a DAG) with n vert... |
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You are given a rectangular cake, represented as an r × c grid. Each cell either has an evil strawberry, or is empty. For example, a 3 × 4 cake may look as follows: [Image]
The cakeminator is going to eat the cake! Each time he eats, he chooses a row ... |
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Take 2 strings `s1` and `s2` including only letters from `a`to `z`.
Return a new **sorted** string, the longest possible, containing distinct letters,
- each taken only once - coming from s1 or s2.
# Examples:
```
a = "xyaabbbccccdefww"
b = "xxxxyyyyab... |
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Emuskald is a well-known illusionist. One of his trademark tricks involves a set of magical boxes. The essence of the trick is in packing the boxes inside other boxes.
From the top view each magical box looks like a square with side length equal to 2k ... |
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Masha wants to open her own bakery and bake muffins in one of the n cities numbered from 1 to n. There are m bidirectional roads, each of whose connects some pair of cities.
To bake muffins in her bakery, Masha needs to establish flour supply from some... |
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# Task
You are given a function that should insert an asterisk (`*`) between every pair of **even digits** in the given input, and return it as a string. If the input is a sequence, concat the elements first as a string.
## Input
The input can be a... |
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Vasya has the sequence consisting of n integers. Vasya consider the pair of integers x and y k-interesting, if their binary representation differs from each other exactly in k bits. For example, if k = 2, the pair of integers x = 5 and y = 3 is k-intere... |
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Musicians of a popular band "Flayer" have announced that they are going to "make their exit" with a world tour. Of course, they will visit Berland as well.
There are n cities in Berland. People can travel between cities using two-directional train rout... |
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Little C loves number «3» very much. He loves all things about it.
Now he is playing a game on a chessboard of size n × m. The cell in the x-th row and in the y-th column is called (x,y). Initially, The chessboard is empty. Each time, he places two che... |
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After battling Shikamaru, Tayuya decided that her flute is too predictable, and replaced it with a guitar. The guitar has 6 strings and an infinite number of frets numbered from 1. Fretting the fret number j on the i-th string produces the note a_{i} + ... |
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Takahashi has a string S of length N consisting of digits from 0 through 9.
He loves the prime number P. He wants to know how many non-empty (contiguous) substrings of S - there are N \times (N + 1) / 2 of them - are divisible by P when regarded as inte... |
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There are n employees working in company "X" (let's number them from 1 to n for convenience). Initially the employees didn't have any relationships among each other. On each of m next days one of the following events took place: either employee y becam... |
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You are given four integers $n$, $B$, $x$ and $y$. You should build a sequence $a_0, a_1, a_2, \dots, a_n$ where $a_0 = 0$ and for each $i \ge 1$ you can choose:
either $a_i = a_{i - 1} + x$
or $a_i = a_{i - 1} - y$.
Your goal is to build such a sequ... |
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block.
Память компьютера состоит из n ячеек, которые выстроены в ряд. Пронумеруем ячейки от 1 до n слева направо. Про каждую ячейку известно, свободна она или принадлежит какому-либо процессу (в таком случае известен процесс, которому она принадлежит).
Для ка... |
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block.
Create a function `close_compare` that accepts 3 parameters: `a`, `b`, and an optional `margin`. The function should return whether `a` is lower than, close to, or higher than `b`. `a` is "close to" `b` if `margin` is higher than or equal to the differe... |
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block.
Let's imagine: there is a chess piece billiard ball. Its movements resemble the ones of a bishop chess piece. The only difference is that when a billiard ball hits the board's border, it can reflect from it and continue moving.
More formally, first one... |
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