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Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. You are given a complete directed graph $K_n$ with $n$ vertices: each pair of vertices $u \neq v$ in $K_n$ have both directed edges $(u, v)$ and $(v, u)$; there are no self-loops. You should find such a cycle in $K_n$ that visits every directed edge ex...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. The annual college sports-ball tournament is approaching, which for trademark reasons we'll refer to as Third Month Insanity. There are a total of 2^{N} teams participating in the tournament, numbered from 1 to 2^{N}. The tournament lasts N rounds, with...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. One day Dima and Alex had an argument about the price and quality of laptops. Dima thinks that the more expensive a laptop is, the better it is. Alex disagrees. Alex thinks that there are two laptops, such that the price of the first laptop is less (str...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Misha hacked the Codeforces site. Then he decided to let all the users change their handles. A user can now change his handle any number of times. But each new handle must not be equal to any handle that is already used or that was used at some point. ...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Two famous competing companies ChemForces and TopChemist decided to show their sets of recently discovered chemical elements on an exhibition. However they know that no element should be present in the sets of both companies. In order to avoid this rep...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Alice's hair is growing by leaps and bounds. Maybe the cause of it is the excess of vitamins, or maybe it is some black magic... To prevent this, Alice decided to go to the hairdresser. She wants for her hair length to be at most $l$ centimeters after ...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Tenten runs a weapon shop for ninjas. Today she is willing to sell $n$ shurikens which cost $1$, $2$, ..., $n$ ryo (local currency). During a day, Tenten will place the shurikens onto the showcase, which is empty at the beginning of the day. Her job is ...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. So you decided to hold a contest on Codeforces. You prepared the problems: statements, solutions, checkers, validators, tests... Suddenly, your coordinator asks you to change all your tests to multiple testcases in the easiest problem! Initially, each ...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Today is Devu's birthday. For celebrating the occasion, he bought n sweets from the nearby market. He has invited his f friends. He would like to distribute the sweets among them. As he is a nice guy and the occasion is great, he doesn't want any friend...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Vasiliy has an exam period which will continue for n days. He has to pass exams on m subjects. Subjects are numbered from 1 to m. About every day we know exam for which one of m subjects can be passed on that day. Perhaps, some day you can't pass any e...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Lee is used to finish his stories in a stylish way, this time he barely failed it, but Ice Bear came and helped him. Lee is so grateful for it, so he decided to show Ice Bear his new game called "Critic"... The game is a one versus one game. It has $t$...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Arkady wants to water his only flower. Unfortunately, he has a very poor watering system that was designed for $n$ flowers and so it looks like a pipe with $n$ holes. Arkady can only use the water that flows from the first hole. Arkady can block some o...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Grandma Laura came to the market to sell some apples. During the day she sold all the apples she had. But grandma is old, so she forgot how many apples she had brought to the market. She precisely remembers she had n buyers and each of them bought exac...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Eugeny has n cards, each of them has exactly one integer written on it. Eugeny wants to exchange some cards with Nikolay so that the number of even integers on his cards would equal the number of odd integers, and that all these numbers would be distinc...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. The next "Data Structures and Algorithms" lesson will be about Longest Increasing Subsequence (LIS for short) of a sequence. For better understanding, Nam decided to learn it a few days before the lesson. Nam created a sequence a consisting of n (1 ≤ n...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Student Andrey has been skipping physical education lessons for the whole term, and now he must somehow get a passing grade on this subject. Obviously, it is impossible to do this by legal means, but Andrey doesn't give up. Having obtained an empty cert...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Simon has an array a_1, a_2, ..., a_{n}, consisting of n positive integers. Today Simon asked you to find a pair of integers l, r (1 ≤ l ≤ r ≤ n), such that the following conditions hold: there is integer j (l ≤ j ≤ r), such that all integers a_{l}, a_...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. A new agent called Killjoy invented a virus COVID-2069 that infects accounts on Codeforces. Each account has a rating, described by an integer (it can possibly be negative or very large). Killjoy's account is already infected and has a rating equal to ...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Magnus decided to play a classic chess game. Though what he saw in his locker shocked him! His favourite chessboard got broken into 4 pieces, each of size n by n, n is always odd. And what's even worse, some squares were of wrong color. j-th square of t...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Polycarp is writing the prototype of a graphic editor. He has already made up his mind that the basic image transformations in his editor will be: rotate the image 90 degrees clockwise, flip the image horizontally (symmetry relative to the vertical line...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Valera is a collector. Once he wanted to expand his collection with exactly one antique item. Valera knows n sellers of antiques, the i-th of them auctioned k_{i} items. Currently the auction price of the j-th object of the i-th seller is s_{ij}. Valer...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Lunar New Year is approaching, and you bought a matrix with lots of "crosses". This matrix $M$ of size $n \times n$ contains only 'X' and '.' (without quotes). The element in the $i$-th row and the $j$-th column $(i, j)$ is defined as $M(i, j)$, where ...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. A boy Petya loves chess very much. He even came up with a chess piece of his own, a semiknight. The semiknight can move in any of these four directions: 2 squares forward and 2 squares to the right, 2 squares forward and 2 squares to the left, 2 squares...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. A permutation of length n is an array containing each integer from 1 to n exactly once. For example, q = [4, 5, 1, 2, 3] is a permutation. For the permutation q the square of permutation is the permutation p that p[i] = q[q[i]] for each i = 1... n. For ...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. You are given an array $a$ consisting of $500000$ integers (numbered from $1$ to $500000$). Initially all elements of $a$ are zero. You have to process two types of queries to this array: $1$ $x$ $y$ — increase $a_x$ by $y$; $2$ $x$ $y$ — compute $\s...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. This problem is same as the next one, but has smaller constraints. Shiro's just moved to the new house. She wants to invite all friends of her to the house so they can play monopoly. However, her house is too small, so she can only invite one friend at...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Fox Ciel and her friends are in a dancing room. There are n boys and m girls here, and they never danced before. There will be some songs, during each song, there must be exactly one boy and one girl are dancing. Besides, there is a special rule: eithe...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Recently Luba bought a monitor. Monitor is a rectangular matrix of size n × m. But then she started to notice that some pixels cease to work properly. Luba thinks that the monitor will become broken the first moment when it contains a square k × k consi...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. You are given a matrix of size $n \times n$ filled with lowercase English letters. You can change no more than $k$ letters in this matrix. Consider all paths from the upper left corner to the lower right corner that move from a cell to its neighboring ...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. The main characters have been omitted to be short. You are given a directed unweighted graph without loops with $n$ vertexes and a path in it (that path is not necessary simple) given by a sequence $p_1, p_2, \ldots, p_m$ of $m$ vertexes; for each $1 \...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. After the mysterious disappearance of Ashish, his two favourite disciples Ishika and Hriday, were each left with one half of a secret message. These messages can each be represented by a permutation of size $n$. Let's call them $a$ and $b$. Note that a...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Vasya got really tired of these credits (from problem F) and now wants to earn the money himself! He decided to make a contest to gain a profit. Vasya has $n$ problems to choose from. They are numbered from $1$ to $n$. The difficulty of the $i$-th prob...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Kefa decided to celebrate his first big salary by going to the restaurant. He lives by an unusual park. The park is a rooted tree consisting of n vertices with the root at vertex 1. Vertex 1 also contains Kefa's house. Unfortunaely for our hero, the p...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Ehab has an array $a$ of length $n$. He has just enough free time to make a new array consisting of $n$ copies of the old array, written back-to-back. What will be the length of the new array's longest increasing subsequence? A sequence $a$ is a subseq...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. During the loading of the game "Dungeons and Candies" you are required to get descriptions of k levels from the server. Each description is a map of an n × m checkered rectangular field. Some cells of the field contain candies (each cell has at most one...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Polycarp watched TV-show where k jury members one by one rated a participant by adding him a certain number of points (may be negative, i. e. points were subtracted). Initially the participant had some score, and each the marks were one by one added to ...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Pupils decided to go to amusement park. Some of them were with parents. In total, n people came to the park and they all want to get to the most extreme attraction and roll on it exactly once. Tickets for group of x people are sold on the attraction, t...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Vasya has a string $s$ of length $n$. He decides to make the following modification to the string: Pick an integer $k$, ($1 \leq k \leq n$). For $i$ from $1$ to $n-k+1$, reverse the substring $s[i:i+k-1]$ of $s$. For example, if string $s$ is qwer an...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. The development of a text editor is a hard problem. You need to implement an extra module for brackets coloring in text. Your editor consists of a line with infinite length and cursor, which points to the current character. Please note that it points t...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Anya has bought a new smartphone that uses Berdroid operating system. The smartphone menu has exactly n applications, each application has its own icon. The icons are located on different screens, one screen contains k icons. The icons from the first to...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. You are given a rectangular field of n × m cells. Each cell is either empty or impassable (contains an obstacle). Empty cells are marked with '.', impassable cells are marked with '*'. Let's call two empty cells adjacent if they share a side. Let's cal...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Valentin participates in a show called "Shockers". The rules are quite easy: jury selects one letter which Valentin doesn't know. He should make a small speech, but every time he pronounces a word that contains the selected letter, he receives an electr...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Demiurges Shambambukli and Mazukta love to watch the games of ordinary people. Today, they noticed two men who play the following game. There is a rooted tree on n nodes, m of which are leaves (a leaf is a nodes that does not have any children), edges ...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. You are given an array of positive integers. While there are at least two equal elements, we will perform the following operation. We choose the smallest value $x$ that occurs in the array $2$ or more times. Take the first two occurrences of $x$ in this...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. You are given n integers a_1, a_2, ..., a_{n}. Find the number of pairs of indexes i, j (i < j) that a_{i} + a_{j} is a power of 2 (i. e. some integer x exists so that a_{i} + a_{j} = 2^{x}). -----Input----- The first line contains the single positiv...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. JATC loves Banh-mi (a Vietnamese food). His affection for Banh-mi is so much that he always has it for breakfast. This morning, as usual, he buys a Banh-mi and decides to enjoy it in a special way. First, he splits the Banh-mi into $n$ parts, places th...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Kamil likes streaming the competitive programming videos. His MeTube channel has recently reached $100$ million subscribers. In order to celebrate this, he posted a video with an interesting problem he couldn't solve yet. Can you help him? You're given...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Author has gone out of the stories about Vasiliy, so here is just a formal task description. You are given q queries and a multiset A, initially containing only integer 0. There are three types of queries: "+ x" — add integer x to multiset A. "- x" — ...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Slava plays his favorite game "Peace Lightning". Now he is flying a bomber on a very specific map. Formally, map is a checkered field of size 1 × n, the cells of which are numbered from 1 to n, in each cell there can be one or several tanks. Slava does...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Local authorities have heard a lot about combinatorial abilities of Ostap Bender so they decided to ask his help in the question of urbanization. There are n people who plan to move to the cities. The wealth of the i of them is equal to a_{i}. Authoriti...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Inna likes sweets and a game called the "Candy Matrix". Today, she came up with the new game "Candy Matrix 2: Reload". The field for the new game is a rectangle table of size n × m. Each line of the table contains one cell with a dwarf figurine, one ce...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. You are given a graph with $n$ nodes and $m$ directed edges. One lowercase letter is assigned to each node. We define a path's value as the number of the most frequently occurring letter. For example, if letters on a path are "abaca", then the value of ...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. During a break in the buffet of the scientific lyceum of the Kingdom of Kremland, there was formed a queue of $n$ high school students numbered from $1$ to $n$. Initially, each student $i$ is on position $i$. Each student $i$ is characterized by two num...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Alice lives on a flat planet that can be modeled as a square grid of size $n \times n$, with rows and columns enumerated from $1$ to $n$. We represent the cell at the intersection of row $r$ and column $c$ with ordered pair $(r, c)$. Each cell in the gr...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Sereja has got an array, consisting of n integers, a_1, a_2, ..., a_{n}. Sereja is an active boy, so he is now going to complete m operations. Each operation will have one of the three forms: Make v_{i}-th array element equal to x_{i}. In other words, ...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. There are $n$ people in this world, conveniently numbered $1$ through $n$. They are using burles to buy goods and services. Occasionally, a person might not have enough currency to buy what he wants or needs, so he borrows money from someone else, with ...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Stepan had a favorite string s which consisted of the lowercase letters of the Latin alphabet. After graduation, he decided to remember it, but it was a long time ago, so he can't now remember it. But Stepan remembers some information about the string...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Petya has a rectangular Board of size $n \times m$. Initially, $k$ chips are placed on the board, $i$-th chip is located in the cell at the intersection of $sx_i$-th row and $sy_i$-th column. In one action, Petya can move all the chips to the left, rig...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Gargari got bored to play with the bishops and now, after solving the problem about them, he is trying to do math homework. In a math book he have found k permutations. Each of them consists of numbers 1, 2, ..., n in some order. Now he should find the ...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Polycarp is sad — New Year is coming in few days but there is still no snow in his city. To bring himself New Year mood, he decided to decorate his house with some garlands. The local store introduced a new service this year, called "Build your own gar...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Vova plays a computer game known as Mages and Monsters. Vova's character is a mage. Though as he has just started, his character knows no spells. Vova's character can learn new spells during the game. Every spell is characterized by two values x_{i} an...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. There is an infinite sequence consisting of all positive integers in the increasing order: p = {1, 2, 3, ...}. We performed n swap operations with this sequence. A swap(a, b) is an operation of swapping the elements of the sequence on positions a and b....
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Amugae is in a very large round corridor. The corridor consists of two areas. The inner area is equally divided by $n$ sectors, and the outer area is equally divided by $m$ sectors. A wall exists between each pair of sectors of same area (inner or outer...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Alica and Bob are playing a game. Initially they have a binary string $s$ consisting of only characters 0 and 1. Alice and Bob make alternating moves: Alice makes the first move, Bob makes the second move, Alice makes the third one, and so on. During ...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Given a connected undirected graph with $n$ vertices and an integer $k$, you have to either: either find an independent set that has exactly $\lceil\frac{k}{2}\rceil$ vertices. or find a simple cycle of length at most $k$. An independent set is a set...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. $n$ fishermen have just returned from a fishing vacation. The $i$-th fisherman has caught a fish of weight $a_i$. Fishermen are going to show off the fish they caught to each other. To do so, they firstly choose an order in which they show their fish (...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. There are n integers b_1, b_2, ..., b_{n} written in a row. For all i from 1 to n, values a_{i} are defined by the crows performing the following procedure: The crow sets a_{i} initially 0. The crow then adds b_{i} to a_{i}, subtracts b_{i} + 1, add...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. You are given a tree (an undirected connected graph without cycles) and an integer $s$. Vanya wants to put weights on all edges of the tree so that all weights are non-negative real numbers and their sum is $s$. At the same time, he wants to make the d...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Little Artyom decided to study probability theory. He found a book with a lot of nice exercises and now wants you to help him with one of them. Consider two dices. When thrown each dice shows some integer from 1 to n inclusive. For each dice the probab...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. This is the easier version of the problem. In this version $1 \le n, m \le 100$. You can hack this problem only if you solve and lock both problems. You are given a sequence of integers $a=[a_1,a_2,\dots,a_n]$ of length $n$. Its subsequence is obtained...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. You play a strategic video game (yeah, we ran out of good problem legends). In this game you control a large army, and your goal is to conquer $n$ castles of your opponent. Let's describe the game process in detail. Initially you control an army of $k$...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. The map of Bertown can be represented as a set of $n$ intersections, numbered from $1$ to $n$ and connected by $m$ one-way roads. It is possible to move along the roads from any intersection to any other intersection. The length of some path from one in...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Berland has n cities connected by m bidirectional roads. No road connects a city to itself, and each pair of cities is connected by no more than one road. It is not guaranteed that you can get from any city to any other one, using only the existing road...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. The map of the capital of Berland can be viewed on the infinite coordinate plane. Each point with integer coordinates contains a building, and there are streets connecting every building to four neighbouring buildings. All streets are parallel to the co...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Boboniu likes playing chess with his employees. As we know, no employee can beat the boss in the chess game, so Boboniu has never lost in any round. You are a new applicant for his company. Boboniu will test you with the following chess question: Cons...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Arkady coordinates rounds on some not really famous competitive programming platform. Each round features $n$ problems of distinct difficulty, the difficulties are numbered from $1$ to $n$. To hold a round Arkady needs $n$ new (not used previously) pro...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. You are given a permutation $p$ of integers from $1$ to $n$, where $n$ is an even number. Your goal is to sort the permutation. To do so, you can perform zero or more operations of the following type: take two indices $i$ and $j$ such that $2 \cdot ...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. You are given an array a. Some element of this array a_{i} is a local minimum iff it is strictly less than both of its neighbours (that is, a_{i} < a_{i} - 1 and a_{i} < a_{i} + 1). Also the element can be called local maximum iff it is strictly greater...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Vasya had a strictly increasing sequence of positive integers a_1, ..., a_{n}. Vasya used it to build a new sequence b_1, ..., b_{n}, where b_{i} is the sum of digits of a_{i}'s decimal representation. Then sequence a_{i} got lost and all that remained ...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. This is the harder version of the problem. In this version, $1 \le n, m \le 2\cdot10^5$. You can hack this problem if you locked it. But you can hack the previous problem only if you locked both problems. You are given a sequence of integers $a=[a_1,a_...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Igor is in the museum and he wants to see as many pictures as possible. Museum can be represented as a rectangular field of n × m cells. Each cell is either empty or impassable. Empty cells are marked with '.', impassable cells are marked with '*'. Eve...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. A Martian boy is named s — he has got this name quite recently from his parents for his coming of age birthday. Now he enjoys looking for his name everywhere. If he sees that he can obtain his name from some string by removing zero or more letters (at t...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. You received a notebook which is called Death Note. This notebook has infinite number of pages. A rule is written on the last page (huh) of this notebook. It says: "You have to write names in this notebook during $n$ consecutive days. During the $i$-th ...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Amugae has a sentence consisting of $n$ words. He want to compress this sentence into one word. Amugae doesn't like repetitions, so when he merges two words into one word, he removes the longest prefix of the second word that coincides with a suffix of ...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. According to an old legeng, a long time ago Ankh-Morpork residents did something wrong to miss Fortune, and she cursed them. She said that at some time n snacks of distinct sizes will fall on the city, and the residents should build a Snacktower of them...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Igor is a post-graduate student of chemistry faculty in Berland State University (BerSU). He needs to conduct a complicated experiment to write his thesis, but laboratory of BerSU doesn't contain all the materials required for this experiment. Fortunat...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. It is the middle of 2018 and Maria Stepanovna, who lives outside Krasnokamensk (a town in Zabaikalsky region), wants to rent three displays to highlight an important problem. There are $n$ displays placed along a road, and the $i$-th of them can displa...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. You've got an array, consisting of n integers a_1, a_2, ..., a_{n}. Also, you've got m queries, the i-th query is described by two integers l_{i}, r_{i}. Numbers l_{i}, r_{i} define a subsegment of the original array, that is, the sequence of numbers a_...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Dreamoon likes to play with sets, integers and $gcd$. $\operatorname{gcd}(a, b)$ is defined as the largest positive integer that divides both a and b. Let S be a set of exactly four distinct integers greater than 0. Define S to be of rank k if and only...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Arseniy is already grown-up and independent. His mother decided to leave him alone for m days and left on a vacation. She have prepared a lot of food, left some money and washed all Arseniy's clothes. Ten minutes before her leave she realized that it ...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. A lot of frogs want to cross a river. A river is $w$ units width, but frogs can only jump $l$ units long, where $l < w$. Frogs can also jump on lengths shorter than $l$. but can't jump longer. Hopefully, there are some stones in the river to help them. ...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Professor GukiZ has two arrays of integers, a and b. Professor wants to make the sum of the elements in the array a s_{a} as close as possible to the sum of the elements in the array b s_{b}. So he wants to minimize the value v = |s_{a} - s_{b}|. In on...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. The government of Berland decided to improve network coverage in his country. Berland has a unique structure: the capital in the center and $n$ cities in a circle around the capital. The capital already has a good network coverage (so the government ign...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Gottfried learned about binary number representation. He then came up with this task and presented it to you. You are given a collection of $n$ non-negative integers $a_1, \ldots, a_n$. You are allowed to perform the following operation: choose two dis...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. A very brave explorer Petya once decided to explore Paris catacombs. Since Petya is not really experienced, his exploration is just walking through the catacombs. Catacombs consist of several rooms and bidirectional passages between some pairs of them....
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Genos needs your help. He was asked to solve the following programming problem by Saitama: The length of some string s is denoted |s|. The Hamming distance between two strings s and t of equal length is defined as $\sum_{i = 1}^{|s|}|s_{i} - t_{i}|$, w...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Let's call an array of non-negative integers $a_1, a_2, \ldots, a_n$ a $k$-extension for some non-negative integer $k$ if for all possible pairs of indices $1 \leq i, j \leq n$ the inequality $k \cdot |i - j| \leq min(a_i, a_j)$ is satisfied. The expans...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. The map of Berland is a rectangle of the size n × m, which consists of cells of size 1 × 1. Each cell is either land or water. The map is surrounded by the ocean. Lakes are the maximal regions of water cells, connected by sides, which are not connecte...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Little Vlad is fond of popular computer game Bota-2. Recently, the developers announced the new add-on named Bota-3. Of course, Vlad immediately bought only to find out his computer is too old for the new game and needs to be updated. There are n video...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Stepan has the newest electronic device with a display. Different digits can be shown on it. Each digit is shown on a seven-section indicator like it is shown on the picture below. [Image] So, for example, to show the digit 3 on the display, 5 section...