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Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Kolya Gerasimov loves kefir very much. He lives in year 1984 and knows all the details of buying this delicious drink. One day, as you probably know, he found himself in year 2084, and buying kefir there is much more complicated. Kolya is hungry, so he...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Little Alyona is celebrating Happy Birthday! Her mother has an array of n flowers. Each flower has some mood, the mood of i-th flower is ai. The mood can be positive, zero or negative. Let's define a subarray as a segment of consecutive flowers. The mo...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Comrade Dujikov is busy choosing artists for Timofey's birthday and is recieving calls from Taymyr from Ilia-alpinist. Ilia-alpinist calls every n minutes, i.e. in minutes n, 2n, 3n and so on. Artists come to the comrade every m minutes, i.e. in minute...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Rick and Morty are playing their own version of Berzerk (which has nothing in common with the famous Berzerk game). This game needs a huge space, so they play it with a computer. In this game there are n objects numbered from 1 to n arranged in a circl...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Berland has a long and glorious history. To increase awareness about it among younger citizens, King of Berland decided to compose an anthem. Though there are lots and lots of victories in history of Berland, there is the one that stand out the most. K...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Petya is a big fan of mathematics, especially its part related to fractions. Recently he learned that a fraction <image> is called proper iff its numerator is smaller than its denominator (a < b) and that the fraction is called irreducible if its numera...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Pig is visiting a friend. Pig's house is located at point 0, and his friend's house is located at point m on an axis. Pig can use teleports to move along the axis. To use a teleport, Pig should come to a certain point (where the teleport is located) ...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Not to be confused with [chessboard](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chessboard). <image> Input The first line of input contains a single integer N (1 ≤ N ≤ 100) — the number of cheeses you have. The next N lines describe the cheeses you have. Each li...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. In a far away kingdom young pages help to set the table for the King. As they are terribly mischievous, one needs to keep an eye on the control whether they have set everything correctly. This time the royal chef Gerasim had the impression that the page...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. One fine day, Benny decided to calculate the number of kilometers that she traveled by her bicycle. Therefore, she bought an odometer and installed it onto her bicycle. But the odometer was broken. It was not able to display the digit 3. This would prec...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. HackerMan has a message that he has coded in form of digits, which means that the message contains only numbers and nothing else. He is fearful that the enemy may get their hands on the secret message and may decode it. HackerMan already knows the messa...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Tonight, in your favourite cinema they are giving the movie Joker and all seats are occupied. In the cinema there are N rows with N seats each, forming an N\times N square. We denote with 1, 2,\dots, N the viewers in the first row (from left to right); ...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. We have a connected undirected graph with N vertices and M edges. Edge i in this graph (1 \leq i \leq M) connects Vertex U_i and Vertex V_i bidirectionally. We are additionally given N integers D_1, D_2, ..., D_N. Determine whether the conditions below...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. You have a pot and N ingredients. Each ingredient has a real number parameter called value, and the value of the i-th ingredient (1 \leq i \leq N) is v_i. When you put two ingredients in the pot, they will vanish and result in the formation of a new in...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. There are N mountains ranging from east to west, and an ocean to the west. At the top of each mountain, there is an inn. You have decided to choose where to stay from these inns. The height of the i-th mountain from the west is H_i. You can certainly...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. We have an integer sequence A, whose length is N. Find the number of the non-empty contiguous subsequences of A whose sums are 0. Note that we are counting the ways to take out subsequences. That is, even if the contents of some two subsequences are th...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. There are a total of n x n squares, n rows vertically and n columns horizontally. Some squares are marked. Create a program that reads the marked state of each square and displays the length of the side of the largest square consisting of only the unmar...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Mr. A loves sweets, but recently his wife has told him to go on a diet. One day, when Mr. A went out from his home to the city hall, his wife recommended that he go by bicycle. There, Mr. A reluctantly went out on a bicycle, but Mr. A, who likes sweets,...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. You are a teacher at Iazu High School is the Zuia Kingdom. There are $N$ cities and $N-1$ roads connecting them that allow you to move from one city to another by way of more than one road. Each of the roads allows bidirectional traffic and has a known ...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. ACM University holds its sports day in every July. The "Roll-A-Big-Ball" is the highlight of the day. In the game, players roll a ball on a straight course drawn on the ground. There are rectangular parallelepiped blocks on the ground as obstacles, whic...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Problem In 20XX, a scientist developed a powerful android with biotechnology. This android is extremely powerful because it is made by a computer by combining the cells of combat masters. At this rate, the earth would be dominated by androids, so the ...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. The volume of access to a web service varies from time to time in a day. Also, the hours with the highest volume of access varies from service to service. For example, a service popular in the United States may receive more access in the daytime in the ...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. I have a lot of friends. Every friend is very small. I often go out with my friends. Put some friends in your backpack and go out together. Every morning I decide which friends to go out with that day. Put friends one by one in an empty backpack. I'm no...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Given the string S and m queries. The i-th query is given by the two strings xi and yi. For each query, answer the longest substring of the string S, starting with xi and ending with yi. For the string S, | S | represents the length of S. Also, the fa...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. D: Arrow / Arrow problem rodea is in a one-dimensional coordinate system and stands at x = 0. From this position, throw an arrow of positive integer length that always moves at speed 1 towards the target at x = N. However, rodea is powerless, so we ha...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. problem Cryptography is all the rage at xryuseix's school. Xryuseix, who lives in a grid of cities, has come up with a new cryptography to decide where to meet. The ciphertext consists of the $ N $ character string $ S $, and the $ S_i $ character det...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. You have N items that you want to put them into a knapsack. Item i has value vi and weight wi. You want to find a subset of items to put such that: * The total value of the items is as large as possible. * The items have combined weight at most W, tha...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Codehorses has just hosted the second Codehorses Cup. This year, the same as the previous one, organizers are giving T-shirts for the winners. The valid sizes of T-shirts are either "M" or from 0 to 3 "X" followed by "S" or "L". For example, sizes "M",...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Ivan unexpectedly saw a present from one of his previous birthdays. It is array of n numbers from 1 to 200. Array is old and some numbers are hard to read. Ivan remembers that for all elements at least one of its neighbours ls not less than it, more for...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. You are given a tree (a connected undirected graph without cycles) of n vertices. Each of the n - 1 edges of the tree is colored in either black or red. You are also given an integer k. Consider sequences of k vertices. Let's call a sequence [a_1, a_2,...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. The only difference between problems C1 and C2 is that all values in input of problem C1 are distinct (this condition may be false for problem C2). You are given a sequence a consisting of n integers. You are making a sequence of moves. During each mo...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. One common way of digitalizing sound is to record sound intensity at particular time moments. For each time moment intensity is recorded as a non-negative integer. Thus we can represent a sound file as an array of n non-negative integers. If there are ...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Ivan plays an old action game called Heretic. He's stuck on one of the final levels of this game, so he needs some help with killing the monsters. The main part of the level is a large corridor (so large and narrow that it can be represented as an infi...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. There is a river of width n. The left bank of the river is cell 0 and the right bank is cell n + 1 (more formally, the river can be represented as a sequence of n + 2 cells numbered from 0 to n + 1). There are also m wooden platforms on a river, the i-t...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Bob is about to take a hot bath. There are two taps to fill the bath: a hot water tap and a cold water tap. The cold water's temperature is t1, and the hot water's temperature is t2. The cold water tap can transmit any integer number of water units pe...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. One cold winter evening Alice and her older brother Bob was sitting at home near the fireplace and giving each other interesting problems to solve. When it was Alice's turn, she told the number n to Bob and said: —Shuffle the digits in this number in o...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Catherine received an array of integers as a gift for March 8. Eventually she grew bored with it, and she started calculated various useless characteristics for it. She succeeded to do it for each one she came up with. But when she came up with another ...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Given an array a of length n, find another array, b, of length n such that: * for each i (1 ≤ i ≤ n) MEX(\\{b_1, b_2, …, b_i\})=a_i. The MEX of a set of integers is the smallest non-negative integer that doesn't belong to this set. If such array...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Koa the Koala and her best friend want to play a game. The game starts with an array a of length n consisting of non-negative integers. Koa and her best friend move in turns and each have initially a score equal to 0. Koa starts. Let's describe a move...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Given a set of integers (it can contain equal elements). You have to split it into two subsets A and B (both of them can contain equal elements or be empty). You have to maximize the value of mex(A)+mex(B). Here mex of a set denotes the smallest non-n...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. You like playing chess tournaments online. In your last tournament you played n games. For the sake of this problem, each chess game is either won or lost (no draws). When you lose a game you get 0 points. When you win you get 1 or 2 points: if you hav...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. You have n distinct points (x_1, y_1),…,(x_n,y_n) on the plane and a non-negative integer parameter k. Each point is a microscopic steel ball and k is the attract power of a ball when it's charged. The attract power is the same for all balls. In one op...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Having stayed home alone, Petya decided to watch forbidden films on the Net in secret. "What ungentlemanly behavior!" — you can say that, of course, but don't be too harsh on the kid. In his country films about the Martians and other extraterrestrial ci...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Vasya adores sport programming. He can't write programs but he loves to watch the contests' progress. Vasya even has a favorite coder and Vasya pays special attention to him. One day Vasya decided to collect the results of all contests where his favori...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. To celebrate the second ABBYY Cup tournament, the Smart Beaver decided to throw a party. The Beaver has a lot of acquaintances, some of them are friends with each other, and some of them dislike each other. To make party successful, the Smart Beaver wan...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Vasya plays a computer game with ninjas. At this stage Vasya's ninja should get out of a deep canyon. The canyon consists of two vertical parallel walls, their height is n meters. Let's imagine that we split these walls into 1 meter-long areas and numb...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. The Little Elephant has got a problem — somebody has been touching his sorted by non-decreasing array a of length n and possibly swapped some elements of the array. The Little Elephant doesn't want to call the police until he understands if he could ha...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Recently Polycarpus has learned the "bitwise AND" operation (which is also called "AND") of non-negative integers. Now he wants to demonstrate the school IT teacher his superb manipulation with the learned operation. For that Polycarpus came to school ...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Emuskald is addicted to Codeforces, and keeps refreshing the main page not to miss any changes in the "recent actions" list. He likes to read thread conversations where each thread consists of multiple messages. Recent actions shows a list of n differe...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. It has been noted that if some ants are put in the junctions of the graphene integer lattice then they will act in the following fashion: every minute at each junction (x, y) containing at least four ants a group of four ants will be formed, and these f...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Iahub recently has learned Bubble Sort, an algorithm that is used to sort a permutation with n elements a1, a2, ..., an in ascending order. He is bored of this so simple algorithm, so he invents his own graph. The graph (let's call it G) initially has n...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Om Nom really likes candies and doesn't like spiders as they frequently steal candies. One day Om Nom fancied a walk in a park. Unfortunately, the park has some spiders and Om Nom doesn't want to see them at all. <image> The park can be represented as...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Valery is a PE teacher at a school in Berland. Soon the students are going to take a test in long jumps, and Valery has lost his favorite ruler! However, there is no reason for disappointment, as Valery has found another ruler, its length is l centime...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Mr. Kitayuta has just bought an undirected graph consisting of n vertices and m edges. The vertices of the graph are numbered from 1 to n. Each edge, namely edge i, has a color ci, connecting vertex ai and bi. Mr. Kitayuta wants you to process the foll...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Kyoya Ootori has a bag with n colored balls that are colored with k different colors. The colors are labeled from 1 to k. Balls of the same color are indistinguishable. He draws balls from the bag one by one until the bag is empty. He noticed that he dr...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Kefa wants to celebrate his first big salary by going to restaurant. However, he needs company. Kefa has n friends, each friend will agree to go to the restaurant if Kefa asks. Each friend is characterized by the amount of money he has and the friends...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. After seeing the "ALL YOUR BASE ARE BELONG TO US" meme for the first time, numbers X and Y realised that they have different bases, which complicated their relations. You're given a number X represented in base bx and a number Y represented in base by....
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Bear Limak likes watching sports on TV. He is going to watch a game today. The game lasts 90 minutes and there are no breaks. Each minute can be either interesting or boring. If 15 consecutive minutes are boring then Limak immediately turns TV off. Yo...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. A tree is an undirected connected graph without cycles. Let's consider a rooted undirected tree with n vertices, numbered 1 through n. There are many ways to represent such a tree. One way is to create an array with n integers p1, p2, ..., pn, where pi...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Anatoly lives in the university dorm as many other students do. As you know, cockroaches are also living there together with students. Cockroaches might be of two colors: black and red. There are n cockroaches living in Anatoly's room. Anatoly just mad...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. A monster is chasing after Rick and Morty on another planet. They're so frightened that sometimes they scream. More accurately, Rick screams at times b, b + a, b + 2a, b + 3a, ... and Morty screams at times d, d + c, d + 2c, d + 3c, .... <image> The ...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. After several latest reforms many tourists are planning to visit Berland, and Berland people understood that it's an opportunity to earn money and changed their jobs to attract tourists. Petya, for example, left the IT corporation he had been working fo...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. <image> Slastyona and her loyal dog Pushok are playing a meaningless game that is indeed very interesting. The game consists of multiple rounds. Its rules are very simple: in each round, a natural number k is chosen. Then, the one who says (or barks) ...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. This time the Berland Team Olympiad in Informatics is held in a remote city that can only be reached by one small bus. Bus has n passenger seats, seat i can be occupied only by a participant from the city ai. Today the bus has completed m trips, each t...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. There is a rectangular grid of n rows of m initially-white cells each. Arkady performed a certain number (possibly zero) of operations on it. In the i-th operation, a non-empty subset of rows Ri and a non-empty subset of columns Ci are chosen. For each...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Everybody knows of [spaghetti sort](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spaghetti_sort). You decided to implement an analog sorting algorithm yourself, but as you survey your pantry you realize you're out of spaghetti! The only type of pasta you have is ravio...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Kuro has recently won the "Most intelligent cat ever" contest. The three friends then decided to go to Katie's home to celebrate Kuro's winning. After a big meal, they took a small break then started playing games. Kuro challenged Katie to create a gam...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. There are n players sitting at the card table. Each player has a favorite number. The favorite number of the j-th player is f_j. There are k ⋅ n cards on the table. Each card contains a single integer: the i-th card contains number c_i. Also, you are g...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Yesterday, Benny decided to buy something from a television shop. She created a list that consisted of small description of N orders. The description for an order number i is a string Si. The description may consist of uppercase/lowercase Latin letter...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Ikshu and his class Ikshu's class is very fond of playing games. Their teacher tied them with many ropes with each other, Such that each student is tied with exactly one rope. It means that if students 2 and 3 are connected and 2 is connected to 4 as w...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Our friend Monk has an exam that has quite weird rules. Each question has a difficulty level in the form of an Integer. Now, Monk can only solve the problems that have difficulty level less than X . Now the rules are- Score of the student is equal to th...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. The Mad King arrested Shil's comrades for participating in a rebellion against the King. Instead of punishing them with death, the King decided to play the Game of survival with them. The game is played as follows: All the N people are forced to stand...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. You are given a sequence A_1, A_2, ..., A_N and an integer K. Print the maximum possible length of a sequence B that satisfies the following conditions: * B is a (not necessarily continuous) subsequence of A. * For each pair of adjacents elements of B...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Given are three integers N, K, and S. Find a sequence A_1, A_2, ..., A_N of N integers between 1 and 10^9 (inclusive) that satisfies the condition below. We can prove that, under the conditions in Constraints, such a sequence always exists. * There ar...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. You will be given an integer a and a string s consisting of lowercase English letters as input. Write a program that prints s if a is not less than 3200 and prints `red` if a is less than 3200. Constraints * 2800 \leq a < 5000 * s is a string of leng...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. You are given an integer N. Among the integers between 1 and N (inclusive), how many Shichi-Go-San numbers (literally "Seven-Five-Three numbers") are there? Here, a Shichi-Go-San number is a positive integer that satisfies the following condition: * W...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. You are given two sequences a and b, both of length 2N. The i-th elements in a and b are a_i and b_i, respectively. Using these sequences, Snuke is doing the job of calculating the beauty of pairs of balanced sequences of parentheses (defined below) of ...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. You are given an undirected connected weighted graph with N vertices and M edges that contains neither self-loops nor double edges. The i-th (1≤i≤M) edge connects vertex a_i and vertex b_i with a distance of c_i. Here, a self-loop is an edge where a_i =...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Stick n circular stickers with a radius of 1 on a square origami paper with a side length of 10. The stickers can be stacked. Create a program that reads the coordinates of the position where the stickers are to be attached and outputs the number of sti...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. A set of four prime numbers arranged like (a, a + 2, a + 6, a + 8) is called a quadruplet prime number. Of the four prime numbers that make up a quadruplet prime, the largest number is called the size of the quadruplet prime. For example, the smallest p...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. The Aizu Wakamatsu city office decided to lay a hot water pipeline covering the whole area of the city to heat houses. The pipeline starts from some hot springs and connects every district in the city. The pipeline can fork at a hot spring or a district...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Three-valued logic is a logic system that has, in addition to "true" and "false", "unknown" as a valid value. In the following, logical values "false", "unknown" and "true" are represented by 0, 1 and 2 respectively. Let "-" be a unary operator (i.e. a...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Despite urging requests of the townspeople, the municipal office cannot afford to improve many of the apparently deficient city amenities under this recession. The city swimming pool is one of the typical examples. It has only two swimming lanes. The Mu...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Surrounding Area Land fence English text is not available in this practice contest. Two real estate agents were boarding a passenger ship to the southern island. Blue sky, refreshing breeze ... The two enjoyed a voyage with other passengers. However,...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Some of you know an old story of Voronoi Island. There were N liege lords and they are always involved in territorial disputes. The residents of the island were despaired of the disputes. One day, a clever lord proposed to stop the disputes and divide ...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. From tomorrow, the long-awaited summer vacation will begin. So I decided to invite my friends to go out to the sea. However, many of my friends are shy. They would hate it if they knew that too many people would come with them. Besides, many of my fri...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. In the spring of 2014, a student successfully passed the university and started living alone. The problem here is what to do with the supper. He decided to plan a supper for the next N days. He wants to maximize the total happiness he gets in N days. O...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. B: Parentheses Number problem Define the correct parenthesis string as follows: * The empty string is the correct parenthesis string * For the correct parenthesis string S, `(` S `)` is the correct parenthesis string * For correct parentheses S, T ST...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Problem Define a function $ f $ that starts with $ 1 $ and takes a sequence of finite lengths as an argument as follows. $ \ displaystyle f (\\ {a_1, a_2, \ ldots, a_n \\}) = \ sum_ {i = 1} ^ n {a_i} ^ i $ Given a sequence of length $ N $, $ X = \\ {...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. For a given sequence A = {a0, a1, ... , an-1}, find the length of the longest increasing subsequnece (LIS) in A. An increasing subsequence of A is defined by a subsequence {ai0, ai1, ... , aik} where 0 ≤ i0 < i1 < ... < ik < n and ai0 < ai1 < ... < aik...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. For a dictionary $M$ that stores elements formed by a pair of a string key and an integer value, perform a sequence of the following operations. Note that multiple elements can have equivalent keys. * insert($key$, $x$): Insert an element formed by a p...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Enough is enough. Too many times it happened that Vasya forgot to dispose of garbage and his apartment stank afterwards. Now he wants to create a garbage disposal plan and stick to it. For each of next n days Vasya knows a_i — number of units of garbag...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. You have a playlist consisting of n songs. The i-th song is characterized by two numbers t_i and b_i — its length and beauty respectively. The pleasure of listening to set of songs is equal to the total length of the songs in the set multiplied by the m...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Vasya has a pile, that consists of some number of stones. n times he either took one stone from the pile or added one stone to the pile. The pile was non-empty before each operation of taking one stone from the pile. You are given n operations which Va...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Soon after the Chunga-Changa island was discovered, it started to acquire some forms of civilization and even market economy. A new currency arose, colloquially called "chizhik". One has to pay in chizhiks to buy a coconut now. Sasha and Masha are abou...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. The only difference between the easy and the hard versions is the maximum value of k. You are given an infinite sequence of form "112123123412345..." which consist of blocks of all consecutive positive integers written one after another. The first bloc...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Lengths are measures in Baden in inches and feet. To a length from centimeters it is enough to know that an inch equals three centimeters in Baden and one foot contains 12 inches. You are given a length equal to n centimeters. Your task is to convert i...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. We start with a string s consisting only of the digits 1, 2, or 3. The length of s is denoted by |s|. For each i from 1 to |s|, the i-th character of s is denoted by s_i. There is one cursor. The cursor's location ℓ is denoted by an integer in \{0, …,...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. Ayoub thinks that he is a very smart person, so he created a function f(s), where s is a binary string (a string which contains only symbols "0" and "1"). The function f(s) is equal to the number of substrings in the string s that contains at least one ...
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block. A monopole magnet is a magnet that only has one pole, either north or south. They don't actually exist since real magnets have two poles, but this is a programming contest problem, so we don't care. There is an n× m grid. Initially, you may place some ...