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Frankenstein, Or, The Modern Prometheus: Annotated for Scientists, Engineers, and Creators of All Kinds, edited by David H. Guston, Ed Finn, and Jason Scott Robert, MIT Press, 277 pp. doi:10.7551/mitpress/10815.001.0001

1831 text

=================

-
Three Gothic Novels (Penguin English Library, 1968). Edited by Peter Fairclough, With an introductory essay by Mario Praz. Also includes the full texts of Horace Walpole's The Castle of Otranto and William Beckford's Vathek.

-
Frankenstein (Oxford University Press, 2008). Edited with an introduction and notes by M. K. Joseph.

Differences between 1818 and 1831 text

=================

Changes include:

-
The epigraph from Milton's Paradise Lost has been removed.

-
Chapter One is expanded and split into two chapters.

-
Elizabeth is changed from Victor's cousin to an orphan.

-
Victor is portrayed more kindly in the original text. In the 1831 edition, Shelley is more critical of his decisions and actions.

-
Shelley removed many references to scientific ideas which were popular around the time she wrote the 1818 edition of the book.

-
Characters in the 1831 version have some dialogue removed entirely, while others receive new dialogue.

External links

=================

-
Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley: Chronology and Resources at Romantic Circles

-
"Frankenstein: a hypertext resource". English Department. University of Saskatchewan.

-
Frankenstein at SparkNotes

Editions

-
Frankenstein 1818 edition at Project Gutenberg

-
Frankenstein 1831 edition at Project Gutenberg

-
Frankenstein at Romantic Circles

online texts of 1818 and 1831 editions and copious annotations
-
Frankenstein public domain audiobook at LibriVox

-
Frankenstein at Standard Ebooks

Sources

-
Shelley's notebooks with her handwritten draft of Frankenstein

-
Volume one Archived 10 August 2019 at the Wayback Machine

-
Volume two Archived 30 January 2018 at the Wayback Machine

Reception

-
On Frankenstein, a review by Percy Bysshe Shelley
--------------------------------------------------


TITLE: Harry_Potter
====================
Harry Potter is a series of seven fantasy novels written by British author J. K. Rowling. The novels chronicle the lives of a young wizard, Harry Potter, and his friends, Ron Weasley and Hermione Granger, all of whom are students at Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry. The main story arc concerns Harry's conflict with Lord Voldemort, a dark wizard who intends to become immortal, overthrow the wizard governing body known as the Ministry of Magic, and subjugate all wizards and non-magical people, known in-universe as Muggles.

The series was originally published in English by Bloomsbury in the United Kingdom and Scholastic Press in the United States. A series of many genres, including fantasy, drama, coming-of-age fiction, and the British school story (which includes elements of mystery, thriller, adventure, horror, and romance), the world of Harry Potter explores numerous themes and includes many cultural meanings and references. Major themes in the series include prejudice, corruption, madness, love, and death.

Since the release of the first novel, Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone, on 26 June 1997, the books have found immense popularity and commercial success worldwide. They have attracted a wide adult audience as well as younger readers and are widely considered cornerstones of modern literature, though the books have received mixed reviews from critics and literary scholars. As of February 2023, the books have sold more than 600 million copies worldwide, making them the best-selling book series in history, available in dozens of languages. The last four books all set records as the fastest-selling books in history, with the final instalment selling roughly 2.7 million copies in the United Kingdom and 8.3 million copies in the United States within twenty-four hours of its release. It holds the Guinness World Record for "Best-selling book series for children."

Warner Bros. Pictures adapted the original seven books into an eight-part namesake film series. In 2016, the total value of the Harry Potter franchise was estimated at $25 billion, making it one of the highest-grossing media franchises of all time. Harry Potter and the Cursed Child is a play based on a story co-written by Rowling. A television series based on the books is in production at HBO.

The success of the books and films has allowed the Harry Potter franchise to expand with numerous derivative works, a travelling exhibition that premiered in Chicago in 2009, a studio tour in London that opened in 2012, a digital platform on which J. K. Rowling updates the series with new information and insight, and a trilogy of spin-off films premiering in November 2016 with Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them, among many other developments. Themed attractions, collectively known as The Wizarding World of Harry Potter, have been built at several Universal Destinations & Experiences amusement parks around the world.

Plot

=================

Frankenstein, Or, The Modern Prometheus: Annotated for Scientists, Engineers, and Creators of All Kinds, edited by David H. Guston, Ed Finn, and Jason Scott Robert, MIT Press, 277 pp. doi:10.7551/mitpress/10815.001.0001

1831 text

=================

-

Three Gothic Novels (Penguin English Library, 1968). Edited by Peter Fairclough, With an introductory essay by Mario Praz. Also includes the full texts of Horace Walpole's The Castle of Otranto and William Beckford's Vathek.

-

Frankenstein (Oxford University Press, 2008). Edited with an introduction and notes by M. K. Joseph.

Differences between 1818 and 1831 text

=================

Changes include:

-

The epigraph from Milton's Paradise Lost has been removed.

-

Chapter One is expanded and split into two chapters.

-

Elizabeth is changed from Victor's cousin to an orphan.

-

Victor is portrayed more kindly in the original text. In the 1831 edition, Shelley is more critical of his decisions and actions.

-

Shelley removed many references to scientific ideas which were popular around the time she wrote the 1818 edition of the book.

-

Characters in the 1831 version have some dialogue removed entirely, while others receive new dialogue.

External links

=================

-

Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley: Chronology and Resources at Romantic Circles

-

"Frankenstein: a hypertext resource". English Department. University of Saskatchewan.

-

Frankenstein at SparkNotes

Editions

-

Frankenstein 1818 edition at Project Gutenberg

-

Frankenstein 1831 edition at Project Gutenberg

-

Frankenstein at Romantic Circles

online texts of 1818 and 1831 editions and copious annotations

-

Frankenstein public domain audiobook at LibriVox

-

Frankenstein at Standard Ebooks

Sources

-

Shelley's notebooks with her handwritten draft of Frankenstein

-

Volume one Archived 10 August 2019 at the Wayback Machine

-

Volume two Archived 30 January 2018 at the Wayback Machine

Reception

-

On Frankenstein, a review by Percy Bysshe Shelley

--------------------------------------------------

TITLE: Harry_Potter

====================

Harry Potter is a series of seven fantasy novels written by British author J. K. Rowling. The novels chronicle the lives of a young wizard, Harry Potter, and his friends, Ron Weasley and Hermione Granger, all of whom are students at Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry. The main story arc concerns Harry's conflict with Lord Voldemort, a dark wizard who intends to become immortal, overthrow the wizard governing body known as the Ministry of Magic, and subjugate all wizards and non-magical people, known in-universe as Muggles.

The series was originally published in English by Bloomsbury in the United Kingdom and Scholastic Press in the United States. A series of many genres, including fantasy, drama, coming-of-age fiction, and the British school story (which includes elements of mystery, thriller, adventure, horror, and romance), the world of Harry Potter explores numerous themes and includes many cultural meanings and references. Major themes in the series include prejudice, corruption, madness, love, and death.

Since the release of the first novel, Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone, on 26 June 1997, the books have found immense popularity and commercial success worldwide. They have attracted a wide adult audience as well as younger readers and are widely considered cornerstones of modern literature, though the books have received mixed reviews from critics and literary scholars. As of February 2023, the books have sold more than 600 million copies worldwide, making them the best-selling book series in history, available in dozens of languages. The last four books all set records as the fastest-selling books in history, with the final instalment selling roughly 2.7 million copies in the United Kingdom and 8.3 million copies in the United States within twenty-four hours of its release. It holds the Guinness World Record for "Best-selling book series for children."

Warner Bros. Pictures adapted the original seven books into an eight-part namesake film series. In 2016, the total value of the Harry Potter franchise was estimated at $25 billion, making it one of the highest-grossing media franchises of all time. Harry Potter and the Cursed Child is a play based on a story co-written by Rowling. A television series based on the books is in production at HBO.

The success of the books and films has allowed the Harry Potter franchise to expand with numerous derivative works, a travelling exhibition that premiered in Chicago in 2009, a studio tour in London that opened in 2012, a digital platform on which J. K. Rowling updates the series with new information and insight, and a trilogy of spin-off films premiering in November 2016 with Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them, among many other developments. Themed attractions, collectively known as The Wizarding World of Harry Potter, have been built at several Universal Destinations & Experiences amusement parks around the world.

Plot

=================