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for i in range(cities-1): u, v, w = map(int, input().split()) graph[v].append((u, w)) graph[u].append((v, w)) def dijkstra(graph, start, end): shortest_distance = {} non_visited_nodes = {} for i in graph: non_visited_nodes[i] = graph[i] infinit = float('inf') for no in...
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def rec_fib(n): if n == 1: return 1 elif n == 0: return 0 else: return rec_fib(n-1)+rec_fib(n-2)
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def binary_rec_fib(n): if n == 2 or n == 1: return 1 elif n == 0: return 0 else: # This recursive step takes advantage of the following two properties of the fibonacci numbers: # Fibo(2n) = Fibo(n+1)^2 + Fibo(n)^2 # Fibo(2n+1) = Fibo(n+1)^2 - Fibo(n-1)^2 sgn...
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def sieve(n): prime_list = [] for i in range(2, n+1): if i not in prime_list: print(i) for j in range(i*i, n+1, i): prime_list.append(j)
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from greatest_common_divisor import gcd def gcd(x, y): def gcd(x, y): def gcd(x, y): def lcm(x, y): return abs(x * y) // gcd(x, y)
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def power(x, y, p) : res = 1 # Initialize result # Update x if it is more # than or equal to p x = x % p while (y > 0) : # If y is odd, multiply # x with result if ((y & 1) == 1) : res = (res * x) % p # y must be even n...
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def factorial(number): answer = 1 if number == 0: return 1 else: for num in range(1, number+1): answer = answer * num return answer
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def convert(n, from_base, to_base): """ This algorithm convert numbers between any base to any base like: convert("10",2,10) ~> "2" This function recive 3 parameters n -> the number from_base -> base of n | to_base -> base of the result | you can pass the bases as number like base 2 ...
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def prime(limit): count = 1 while (count < limit): flag = 0 for i in range(3, count, 2): if (count % i == 0): flag = 1 if (flag == 0): print(count) count += 2
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def factorial(number): if number == 0 or number == 1: return 1 answer = number * factorial(number - 1) return answer
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def pow_of_two(n): return(n and (not(n&(n-1))))
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The provided code snippet includes necessary dependencies for implementing the `is_perfect_square` function. Write a Python function `def is_perfect_square(num)` to solve the following problem: Given a positive integer num, write a function which returns True if num is a perfect square else False. Note: Do not use an...
Given a positive integer num, write a function which returns True if num is a perfect square else False. Note: Do not use any built-in library function such as `sqrt`. :type num: int :rtype: bool
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def sum_of_digits(n): n = int(input()) # here n is the number if n % 9 != 0: print(n % 9) else: print("9")
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def remove(s): stack = [] for element in s: if stack and element == stack[-1]: stack.pop() else: stack.append(element)
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def max_area_histogram(histogram): stack = list() max_area = 0 # Initialize max area index = 0 while index < len(histogram): if (not stack) or (histogram[stack[-1]] <= histogram[index]): stack.append(index) index += 1 else: ...
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stack = [] def checkBalanced(expr): for i in expr: if i == "{" or i == "[" or i == "(": stack.append(i) elif i == "}" or i == "]" or i == ")": if not stack: return False top = stack.pop() if i == "}" and top != "{": ret...
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def check(s): stack = [] for element in s: if element == '(': stack.append(')') elif element == '[': stack.append(']') elif element == '{': stack.append('}') elif not stack or stack.pop() != element: return False return not st...
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def verify(pushed, popped): i = 0 stack = [] for x in pushed: stack.append(x) while stack and i < len(popped) and stack[-1] == popped[i]: stack.pop() i += 1 return i == len(popped)
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def LSB(n): return n & -n
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def flood_fill_util(screen, x, y, prev_color, new_color): def flood_fill(screen, x, y, new_color): prev_color = screen[x][y] # Finding the previous color on x and y flood_fill_util(screen, x, y, prev_color, new_color)
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def search(mat, n, x): i = 0 j = n - 1 while i < n and j >=0: if mat[i][j] == x: print("Found at - ", i, j) return 1 if mat[i][j] > x: j -= 1 else: i += 1 print("Element not found") return 0
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def delete(head, val): if head == None: return "List is empty" curr = head prev = None while curr.val != val: if curr.next == head: return "Val not in list" prev = curr curr = curr.next if curr.next == head: head = None return "Del...
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class Node(): def __init__(self, val): def push(head, val): if not head: head = Node(val) head.next = head return curr = head while curr: if curr.next == head: break curr = curr.next curr.next = Node(val) curr.next.next = head
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def print_list(head): if not head: return curr = head while curr: print(curr.val, end=" ") curr = curr.next if curr == head: break
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def check(head): if not head: return True curr = head while curr: if curr.next == head: return True elif curr.next == None: return False curr = curr.next
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def gcd(a, b): def rotate(arr, d): n = len(arr) g = gcd(n, d) for i in range(g): temp = arr[i] j = i while 1: k = j + d if k >= n: k -= n if k == i: break arr[j] = arr[k] j = k arr[j...
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def peak(arr, low, high): n = len(arr) while low <= high: mid = low + (high - low) / 2 mid = int(mid) if (mid == 0 or arr[mid-1] <= arr[mid]) and (mid == n-1 or arr[mid+1] <= arr[mid]): return(arr[mid]) elif mid > 0 and arr[mid-1] > arr[mid]: ...
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def intersection(arr1, arr2): res = [] i, j = 0, 0 while i < len(arr1) and j < len(arr2): if arr1[i] < arr2[j]: i += 1 elif arr2[j] < arr1[i]: j += 1 else: res.append(arr1[i]) i += 1 j += 1 return res
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import sys def check(arr): min = sys.maxsize for i in arr: if i < min: min = i for i in arr: if not i % min == 0: return False return True
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def product(arr): prods = [1] * len(arr) temp = 1 for i in range(len(arr)): prods[i] = temp temp = temp * prods[i] temp = 1 for i in reversed(range(len(arr))): prods[i] = prods[i] * temp temp = temp * arr[i] return temp
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def partition(arr): s = sum(arr) if not s % 3 == 0: return False s = s / 3 targets = [2*s, s] acc = 0 for a in arr: acc += a if acc == targets[-1]: targets.pop() if not targets: return True return False
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def binary_search(arr, start, end, val): while start <= end: mid = (start + end)//2 if val == arr[mid]: return mid elif val > arr[mid]: start = mid + 1 else: end = mid - 1 return -1 def search(arr, val): if len(arr) == 1: if arr[0]...
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def rearrange(arr): i = -1 for j in range(len(arr)): if arr[j] < 0: i += 1 # maintaining index of the last negative number arr[j], arr[i] = arr[i], arr[j] pos = i + 1 # index of first positive number neg = 0 # index of first negative number while pos < len(arr...
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The provided code snippet includes necessary dependencies for implementing the `find_odd_number` function. Write a Python function `def find_odd_number(nums)` to solve the following problem: Find one number in array which is not duplicated, or exsits odd times. Here is the function: def find_odd_number(nums): "...
Find one number in array which is not duplicated, or exsits odd times.
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def square(arr): n = len(arr) j = 0 # Counting the number of negative elements while j < n and arr[j] < 0: j += 1 i = j - 1 # index of last negative element ans = [] while 0 <= i and j < n: if arr[i] ** 2 < arr[j] ** 2: ans.append(arr[i] ** 2) ...
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def dutch(arr): low = 0 mid = 0 high = len(arr) - 1 while mid <= high: if arr[mid] == 0: arr[low], arr[mid] = arr[mid], arr[low] low += 1 mid += 1 elif arr[mid] == 1: mid += 1 else: arr[mid], arr[high] = arr[high], arr...
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def rearrange(arr): for i in range(1, len(arr)): if i % 2 == 0: if arr[i] > arr[i-1]: arr[i-1], arr[i] = arr[i], arr[i-1] else: if arr[i] < arr[i-1]: arr[i-1], arr[i] = arr[i], arr[i-1] print(arr)
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import sys def largest(arr): l = -sys.maxsize for i in arr: if i > l: l = i print(l)
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def find_sum(arr, s): curr_sum = arr[0] start = 0 n = len(arr) - 1 i = 1 while i <= n: while curr_sum > s and start < i: curr_sum = curr_sum - arr[start] start += 1 if curr_sum == s: return "Found between {} and {}".format(start, ...
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def min_swaps(arr, k): # First find out how many elements are there which are less than or # equal to k count = 0 for i in arr: if i <= k: count += 1 # This count defines a window - inside this window all our elements should # be placed # Find the count of bad elemen...
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def find(arr): if len(arr) == 1: return arr[0] count_negative = 0 count_zero = 0 max_neg = float('-inf') min_pos = float('inf') prod = 1 for num in arr: if num == 0: count_zero += 1 continue if num < 0: count_negative += 1 ...
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def common(arr1, arr2, arr3): res = [] i, j, k = 0, 0, 0 while i < len(arr1) and j < len(arr2) and k < len(arr3): if arr1[i] == arr2[j] and arr2[j] == arr3[k]: res.append(arr1[i]) i += 1 j += 1 k += 1 elif arr1[i] < arr2[j]: i +=...
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import sys def product(arr): min1 = sys.maxsize min2 = sys.maxsize max1 = -sys.maxsize max2 = -sys.maxsize max3 = -sys.maxsize for n in arr: if n <= min1: min2 = min1 min1 = n elif n <= min2: min2 = n if n >= max1: max3 =...
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def majority(arr): maj_index = 0 count = 1 for i in range(1, len(arr)): if arr[i] == arr[maj_index]: count += 1 else: count -= 1 if count == 0: maj_index = i count = 1 return arr[maj_index]
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def find_equi(arr): total_sum = sum(arr) left_sum = 0 for i, num in enumerate(arr): total_sum -= num if left_sum == total_sum: return i left_sum += num return -1
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def duplicate(arr): res = [] for x in arr: if arr[abs(x) - 1] < 0: res.append(abs(x)) else: arr[abs(x) - 1] *= -1 return res
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def rotate(arr, d): return arr[d:]+arr[:d]
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def duplicate(arr): tortoise = arr[0] hare = arr[0] while True: tortoise = arr[tortoise] hare = arr[arr[hare]] if tortoise == hare: break ptr1 = arr[0] ptr2 = tortoise while ptr1 != ptr2: ptr1 = arr[ptr1] ptr2 = arr[ptr2] return ptr1
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for p in permutation(data): print(p) def permutation(lst): if len(lst) == 0: return [] if len(lst) == 1: return [lst] l = [] for i in range(len(lst)): m = lst[i] rem_lst = lst[:i] + lst[i+1:] for p in permutation(rem_lst): l.append([m] + p) re...
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def place(arr): for i in range(len(arr)): if arr[i] >= 0 and arr[i] != i: arr[arr[i]], arr[i] = arr[i], arr[arr[i]] else: i += 1
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def pivot(arr): s = sum(arr) left_sum = 0 for i, x in enumerate(arr): if left_sum == (s - x - left_sum): return i left_sum += x return -1
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def max_sum(arr): max_so_far = arr[0] curr_max = arr[0] for i in range(1, len(arr)): curr_max = max(arr[i], curr_max + arr[i]) max_so_far = max(max_so_far, curr_max) return max_so_far
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import sys def max_sum(arr): first = second = third = -sys.maxsize for i in arr: if i > first: third = second second = first first = i elif i > second: third = second second = i elif i > third: third = i retu...
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m = random_matrix(9) The provided code snippet includes necessary dependencies for implementing the `random_matrix` function. Write a Python function `def random_matrix(n)` to solve the following problem: Generate random n x n matrix without repeated entries in rows or columns. The entries are integers between 1 and n...
Generate random n x n matrix without repeated entries in rows or columns. The entries are integers between 1 and n.
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def first_recurrence(s): checker = 0 pos = 0 for i in s: val = ord(i) - ord('a') if (checker & (1 << val) > 0): return i checker = checker | (1 << val) pos += 1 return -1
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import sys def get_searchable_numbers(arr, n): left_max = [None] * n right_min = [None] * n left_max[0] = float('-inf') right_min[n-1] = float('inf') for i in range(1, n): left_max[i] = max(left_max[i-1], arr[i-1]) for i in range(len(arr) - 2, -1, -1): right_min[i] = min(righ...
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def find(arr, target): i = 0 j = len(arr) - 1 while i < j: if arr[i] + arr[j] == target: return [i+1, j+1] elif arr[i] + arr[j] > target: j -= 1 else: i += 1 return []
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def union(arr1, arr2): res = [] i, j = 0, 0 while i < len(arr1) and j < len(arr2): if arr1[i] < arr2[j]: res.append(arr1[i]) i += 1 elif arr1[i] > arr2[j]: res.append(arr2[j]) j += 1 else: res.append(arr1[i]) r...
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def find_common(arr1, arr2, arr3): i, j, k = 0, 0, 0 while i < len(arr1) and j < len(arr2) and k < len(arr3): if arr1[i] == arr2[j] == arr3[k]: print(arr1[i]) i += 1 j += 1 k += 1 elif arr1[i] < arr2[j]: i += 1 elif arr...
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def max_ones(arr): max = 0 count = 0 for i in arr: if i == 1: count += 1 if count > max: max = count if i == 0: count = 0 return max
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def max_product(arr): n = len(arr) if n == 0: return 0 if n == 1: return arr[0] a = arr[0] b = arr[1] maxprod = a * b for i in range(n): for j in range(i + 1, n): if (arr[i] * arr[j]) > maxprod: a = arr[i] b = arr[j] ...
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def sort_parity(arr): i = 0 j = len(arr) - 1 while i < j: if arr[i] % 2 > arr[j] % 2: arr[i], arr[j] = arr[j], arr[i] if arr[i] % 2 == 0: i += 1 if arr[j] % 2 == 1: j -= 1
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def quicksort(array): if len(array) < 2: return array else: pivot = array[0] less = [i for i in array[1:] if i <= pivot] greater = [i for i in array[1:] if i > pivot] return quicksort(less) + [pivot] + quicksort(greater)
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def count(arr): start = 0 end = len(arr) - 1 while start <= end: mid = (start + end) // 2 if arr[mid] == 1 and (arr[mid + 1] == 0 or mid == high): return mid + 1 if arr[mid] == 1: start = mid + 1 else: end = mid - 1 return 0
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import sys def three_largest(arr): first = second = third = -sys.maxsize for i in arr: if i > first: third = second second = first first = i elif i > second: third = second second = i elif i > third: third = i p...
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def find_hash(arr, sum): for i in range(0, len(arr) - 1): s = set() current_sum = sum - arr[i] for j in range(i+1, len(arr)): if (current_sum - arr[j]) in s: return "Values are {}, {}, {}".format(arr[i], arr[j], current_sum-arr[j]) s.add(arr[j])...
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def move(arr): count = 0 for a in arr: if not a == 0: arr[count] = a count += 1 while count < len(nums): arr[count] = 0 count += 1
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def find(arr): n = len(arr) index = 0 for i in range(n): index = abs(arr[i]) - 1 arr[index] = -(abs(arr[index])) return [i+1 for i in range(len(arr)) if arr[i] > 0]
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def print_vertical_util(root, col, d): if not root: return if col in d: d[col].append(root.val) else: d[col] = [root.val] print_vertical_util(root.left, col-1, d) print_vertical_util(root.right, col+1, d) print("Iterative solution - ") def print_vertical(root): d = {} ...
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print("Iterative solution - ") def print_vertical_iterative(root): queue = [] col = 0 d = {} queue.append(root) root.col = col while queue: root = queue.pop(0) col = root.col if col not in d: d[col] = [root.val] else: d[col].append(root...
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def right_view_util(root, max_level, level): if not root: return if max_level[0] < level: print(root.val) max_level[0] = level right_view_util(root.right, max_level, level+1) right_view_util(root.left, max_level, level+1) def right_view(root): max_level = [0] right_view_...
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def evaluate(root): if root is None: return 0 # Check for leaf node if root.left is None and root.right is None: return int(root.data) # Evaluate left tree left_sum = evaluate(root.left) # Evaluate right tree right_sum = evaluate(root.right) # Check which operator t...
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def no_siblings(root): if root is None: return if root.left is not None and root.right is not None: no_siblings(root.left) no_siblings(root.right) elif root.right is not None: print(root.right.val) no_siblings(root.right) elif root.left is not None: p...
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def height(root, ans): if not root: return 0 lheight = height(root.left, ans) rheight = height(root.right, ans) ans[0] = max(ans[0], 1 + lheight + rheight) # This is for diameter return 1 + max(lheight, rheight) # This is for height def diameter(root): if not root: return 0 ...
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def find_depth(root): d = 0 while root: d += 1 root = root.left return d def check_perfect(root, d, level=0): if not root: return True # If leaf node, then its depth must be same as that of other nodes if root.left is None and root.right is None: return d == (lev...
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def diagonal_print_util(root, d, diagonal_map): if root is None: return try: diagonal_map[d].append(root.val) except: diagonal_map[d] = [root.val] # Increase vertical distance if left child diagonal_print_util(root.left, d+1, diagonal_map) # Vertical distance remains same...
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def check(root): if not root: return True if not root.left and not root.right: return True if root.left and root.right: return check(root.left) and check(root.right)
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def length(root, ans): def longest_path(root): ans = [0] length(root, ans) return ans[0]
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def top_view(root): if not root: return queue = [] col = 0 d = {} queue.append(root) root.col = col while queue: root = queue.pop(0) col = root.col if col not in d: d[col] = root.val if root.left: queue.append(roo...
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def print_leaves(root): if root: print_leaves(root.left) if not root.left and not root.right: print(root.val, end=' ') print_leaves(root.right) def print_left_boundary(root): if root: if root.left: print(root.val, end=' ') print_left_boundary(r...
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def sum_prop(root): l = r = 0 if not root or (not root.left and not root.right): return True else: if root.left: l = root.left.val if root.right: r = root.right.val if (root.val == l + r) and sum_prop(root.left) and sum_prop(root.right): ...
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import math def sum_nodes(l): leaf_nodes = math.pow(2, l-1) s = (leaf_nodes + (leaf_nodes + 1)) / 2 res = s * l return int(res)
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def level(root, node, lev): if not root: return 0 if root == node: return lev l = level(root.left, node, lev+1) if not l == 0: return l l = level(root.right, node, lev+1) def is_sibling(root, a, b): if not root: return False return (root.left == a and root.rig...
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def print_full(root): if not root: return if root.left and root.right: print(root.val, end=' ') print_full(root.left) print_full(root.right)
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def convert(root): if root is None: return convert(root.left) convert(root.right) if root.left == None: root.left = root.right else: root.left.right = root.right root.right = None
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def left_view_util(root, max_level, level): if not root: return if max_level[0] < level: print(root.val) max_level[0] = level left_view_util(root.left, max_level, level+1) left_view_util(root.right, max_level, level+1) def left_view(root): max_level = [0] left_view_util(...
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def find_depth(node): def is_perfect_util(root, d, level=0): def is_perfect(root): depth = find_depth(root) return is_perfect_util(root, depth)
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arr = inorder(root) def inorder(root): if not root: return None arr = [] stack = [] while True: if root: stack.append(root) root = root.left else: if not stack: break root = stack.pop() arr.append(root...
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def replace_nodes(root, arr): if not root: return stack = [] i = 1 while True: if root: stack.append(root) root = root.left else: if not stack: break root = stack.pop() root.val = arr[i-1] + arr[i...
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def sum_nodes(root): if root is None: return 0 return root.val + sum_nodes(root.left) + sum_nodes(root.right)
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def height(root): if not root: return 0 lheight = height(root.left) rheight = height(root.right) return 1 + max(lheight, rheight) def print_level(root, level, left_to_right): if not root: return if level == 1: print(root.val, end=' ') elif level > 1: if left_t...
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def sum_util(root, ans): if root is None: return 0 s = root.val + sum_util(root.left, ans) + sum_util(root.right, ans) ans[0] = max(ans[0], s) return s def find_sum(root): if root is None: return 0 ans = [-99999999] sum_util(root, ans) return ans[0]
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def height(root): if not root: return 0 else: lheight = height(root.left) rheight = height(root.right) return 1 + max(lheight, rheight)
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class Node: def __init__(self, val): self.val = val self.left = None self.right = None def create_tree(arr): curr_ptr = 0 child_ptr = 0 root = Node(arr[0]) curr_node = root while i < (len(arr) - 1)/2: curr_ptr = arr[i] child_ptr = i + 1 left_ch...
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def identical(root1, root2): if root1 is None and root2 is None: return True if root1 is not None and root2 is not None: return root1.val == root2.val and identical(root1.left, root2.left) and identical(root1.right, root2.right) return False
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def foldable(left, right): if left is None and right is None: return True if left is None or right is None: return False return left.val == right.val and foldable(left.left, right.right) and foldable(left.right, right.left)
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def has_path(root, stack, x): if not root: return False stack.append(root.val) if root.val == x: return True if has_path(root.left, stack, x) or has_path(root.right, stack, x): return True stack.pop() return False def print_path(root, x): arr = [] if has_path(ro...
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def count(root): if not root: return 0 return count(root.left) + count(root.right) + 1 def check_util(root, n): if root == None: return False # Check for root if count(root) == n - count(root): return True # Check for all the other nodes return check_util(root.left, n...
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def print_k(root, k): if root is None: return if k == 0: print(root.val) else: print_k(root.left, k-1) print_k(root.right, k-1)
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def print_odd(root, is_odd=True): if not root: return if is_odd: print(root.val, end=' ') print_odd(root, not is_odd) print_odd(root, not is_odd)
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