gem_id stringlengths 20 25 | id stringlengths 24 24 | title stringlengths 3 59 | context stringlengths 151 3.71k | question stringlengths 1 270 | target stringlengths 1 270 | references list | answers dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gem-squad_v2-train-30600 | 5ace315b32bba1001ae49d6b | Appalachian_Mountains | Eastern or Canada hemlock (Tsuga canadensis) is another important evergreen needle-leaf conifer that grows along the Appalachian chain from north to south, but is confined to lower elevations than red spruce and the firs. It generally occupies richer and less acidic soils than the spruce and firs and is characteristic ... | What insect is extirpating spruces? | What insect is extirpating spruces? | [
"What insect is extirpating spruces?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30601 | 5ace315b32bba1001ae49d6c | Appalachian_Mountains | Eastern or Canada hemlock (Tsuga canadensis) is another important evergreen needle-leaf conifer that grows along the Appalachian chain from north to south, but is confined to lower elevations than red spruce and the firs. It generally occupies richer and less acidic soils than the spruce and firs and is characteristic ... | Carolina hemlock requires what kind of soil compared to firs? | Carolina hemlock requires what kind of soil compared to firs? | [
"Carolina hemlock requires what kind of soil compared to firs?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30602 | 5ace315b32bba1001ae49d6d | Appalachian_Mountains | Eastern or Canada hemlock (Tsuga canadensis) is another important evergreen needle-leaf conifer that grows along the Appalachian chain from north to south, but is confined to lower elevations than red spruce and the firs. It generally occupies richer and less acidic soils than the spruce and firs and is characteristic ... | What kinds of trees are at a lower elevation than Canada hemlocks? | What kinds of trees are at a lower elevation than Canada hemlocks? | [
"What kinds of trees are at a lower elevation than Canada hemlocks?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30603 | 5ace315b32bba1001ae49d6e | Appalachian_Mountains | Eastern or Canada hemlock (Tsuga canadensis) is another important evergreen needle-leaf conifer that grows along the Appalachian chain from north to south, but is confined to lower elevations than red spruce and the firs. It generally occupies richer and less acidic soils than the spruce and firs and is characteristic ... | Where are Carolina Hemlocks traditionally found? | Where are Carolina Hemlocks traditionally found? | [
"Where are Carolina Hemlocks traditionally found?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30604 | 5ace315b32bba1001ae49d6f | Appalachian_Mountains | Eastern or Canada hemlock (Tsuga canadensis) is another important evergreen needle-leaf conifer that grows along the Appalachian chain from north to south, but is confined to lower elevations than red spruce and the firs. It generally occupies richer and less acidic soils than the spruce and firs and is characteristic ... | What tree contrasted with the Canada hemlock is not affected by the adelgid? | What tree contrasted with the Canada hemlock is not affected by the adelgid? | [
"What tree contrasted with the Canada hemlock is not affected by the adelgid?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30605 | 5ace321932bba1001ae49d91 | Appalachian_Mountains | Several species of pines characteristic of the Appalachians are eastern white pine (Pinus strobus ), Virginia pine (Pinus virginiana), pitch pine (Pinus rigida ), Table Mountain pine (Pinus pungens) and shortleaf pine (Pinus echinata). Red pine (Pinus resinosa) is a boreal species that forms a few high elevation outlie... | What type of species is the pitch pine? | What type of species is the pitch pine? | [
"What type of species is the pitch pine?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30606 | 5ace321932bba1001ae49d92 | Appalachian_Mountains | Several species of pines characteristic of the Appalachians are eastern white pine (Pinus strobus ), Virginia pine (Pinus virginiana), pitch pine (Pinus rigida ), Table Mountain pine (Pinus pungens) and shortleaf pine (Pinus echinata). Red pine (Pinus resinosa) is a boreal species that forms a few high elevation outlie... | What is the only species that occupies sandy sites? | What is the only species that occupies sandy sites? | [
"What is the only species that occupies sandy sites?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30607 | 5ace321932bba1001ae49d93 | Appalachian_Mountains | Several species of pines characteristic of the Appalachians are eastern white pine (Pinus strobus ), Virginia pine (Pinus virginiana), pitch pine (Pinus rigida ), Table Mountain pine (Pinus pungens) and shortleaf pine (Pinus echinata). Red pine (Pinus resinosa) is a boreal species that forms a few high elevation outlie... | What is red pine valued for? | What is red pine valued for? | [
"What is red pine valued for?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30608 | 5ace321932bba1001ae49d94 | Appalachian_Mountains | Several species of pines characteristic of the Appalachians are eastern white pine (Pinus strobus ), Virginia pine (Pinus virginiana), pitch pine (Pinus rigida ), Table Mountain pine (Pinus pungens) and shortleaf pine (Pinus echinata). Red pine (Pinus resinosa) is a boreal species that forms a few high elevation outlie... | What other species besides the white pine enjoys moist soil? | What other species besides the white pine enjoys moist soil? | [
"What other species besides the white pine enjoys moist soil?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30609 | 5ace321932bba1001ae49d95 | Appalachian_Mountains | Several species of pines characteristic of the Appalachians are eastern white pine (Pinus strobus ), Virginia pine (Pinus virginiana), pitch pine (Pinus rigida ), Table Mountain pine (Pinus pungens) and shortleaf pine (Pinus echinata). Red pine (Pinus resinosa) is a boreal species that forms a few high elevation outlie... | What types of habitat are difficult for the white pine to do well in? | What types of habitat are difficult for the white pine to do well in? | [
"What types of habitat are difficult for the white pine to do well in?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30610 | 5ace32b832bba1001ae49db7 | Appalachian_Mountains | The Appalachians are characterized by a wealth of large, beautiful deciduous broadleaf (hardwood) trees. Their occurrences are best summarized and described in E. Lucy Braun's 1950 classic, Deciduous Forests of Eastern North America (Macmillan, New York). The most diverse and richest forests are the mixed mesophytic or... | What type of trees are lacking in the appalachian? | What type of trees are lacking in the appalachian? | [
"What type of trees are lacking in the appalachian?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30611 | 5ace32b832bba1001ae49db8 | Appalachian_Mountains | The Appalachians are characterized by a wealth of large, beautiful deciduous broadleaf (hardwood) trees. Their occurrences are best summarized and described in E. Lucy Braun's 1950 classic, Deciduous Forests of Eastern North America (Macmillan, New York). The most diverse and richest forests are the mixed mesophytic or... | Where was E. Lucy Braun from? | Where was E. Lucy Braun from? | [
"Where was E. Lucy Braun from?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30612 | 5ace32b832bba1001ae49db9 | Appalachian_Mountains | The Appalachians are characterized by a wealth of large, beautiful deciduous broadleaf (hardwood) trees. Their occurrences are best summarized and described in E. Lucy Braun's 1950 classic, Deciduous Forests of Eastern North America (Macmillan, New York). The most diverse and richest forests are the mixed mesophytic or... | When were the hardwood trees discovered? | When were the hardwood trees discovered? | [
"When were the hardwood trees discovered?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30613 | 5ace32b832bba1001ae49dba | Appalachian_Mountains | The Appalachians are characterized by a wealth of large, beautiful deciduous broadleaf (hardwood) trees. Their occurrences are best summarized and described in E. Lucy Braun's 1950 classic, Deciduous Forests of Eastern North America (Macmillan, New York). The most diverse and richest forests are the mixed mesophytic or... | Where are the perennial herbs primarily located? | Where are the perennial herbs primarily located? | [
"Where are the perennial herbs primarily located?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30614 | 5ace339232bba1001ae49de5 | Appalachian_Mountains | The foregoing trees, shrubs and herbs are also more widely distributed in less rich mesic forests that generally occupy coves, stream valleys and flood plains throughout the southern and central Appalachians at low and intermediate elevations. In the northern Appalachians and at higher elevations of the central and sou... | What are examples of foregoing trees? | What are examples of foregoing trees? | [
"What are examples of foregoing trees?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30615 | 5ace339232bba1001ae49de6 | Appalachian_Mountains | The foregoing trees, shrubs and herbs are also more widely distributed in less rich mesic forests that generally occupy coves, stream valleys and flood plains throughout the southern and central Appalachians at low and intermediate elevations. In the northern Appalachians and at higher elevations of the central and sou... | Where are the northern hardwoods the most diverse? | Where are the northern hardwoods the most diverse? | [
"Where are the northern hardwoods the most diverse?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30616 | 5ace339232bba1001ae49de7 | Appalachian_Mountains | The foregoing trees, shrubs and herbs are also more widely distributed in less rich mesic forests that generally occupy coves, stream valleys and flood plains throughout the southern and central Appalachians at low and intermediate elevations. In the northern Appalachians and at higher elevations of the central and sou... | What is the scientific name for the American beech? | What is the scientific name for the American beech? | [
"What is the scientific name for the American beech?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30617 | 5ace339232bba1001ae49de8 | Appalachian_Mountains | The foregoing trees, shrubs and herbs are also more widely distributed in less rich mesic forests that generally occupy coves, stream valleys and flood plains throughout the southern and central Appalachians at low and intermediate elevations. In the northern Appalachians and at higher elevations of the central and sou... | Which part of the appalachians have a significant number of shrubs at high elevations? | Which part of the appalachians have a significant number of shrubs at high elevations? | [
"Which part of the appalachians have a significant number of shrubs at high elevations?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30618 | 5ace339232bba1001ae49de9 | Appalachian_Mountains | The foregoing trees, shrubs and herbs are also more widely distributed in less rich mesic forests that generally occupy coves, stream valleys and flood plains throughout the southern and central Appalachians at low and intermediate elevations. In the northern Appalachians and at higher elevations of the central and sou... | What are found more frequently in the rich mesic forests? | What are found more frequently in the rich mesic forests? | [
"What are found more frequently in the rich mesic forests?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30619 | 5ace35c332bba1001ae49e61 | Appalachian_Mountains | The oak forests generally lack the diverse small tree, shrub and herb layers of mesic forests. Shrubs are generally ericaceous, and include the evergreen mountain laurel (Kalmia latifolia), various species of blueberries (Vaccinium spp.), black huckleberry (Gaylussacia baccata), a number of deciduous rhododendrons (aza... | What type of layers do oak forests have plenty of? | What type of layers do oak forests have plenty of? | [
"What type of layers do oak forests have plenty of?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30620 | 5ace35c332bba1001ae49e62 | Appalachian_Mountains | The oak forests generally lack the diverse small tree, shrub and herb layers of mesic forests. Shrubs are generally ericaceous, and include the evergreen mountain laurel (Kalmia latifolia), various species of blueberries (Vaccinium spp.), black huckleberry (Gaylussacia baccata), a number of deciduous rhododendrons (aza... | What type of soils do most mesic forests have? | What type of soils do most mesic forests have? | [
"What type of soils do most mesic forests have?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30621 | 5ace35c332bba1001ae49e63 | Appalachian_Mountains | The oak forests generally lack the diverse small tree, shrub and herb layers of mesic forests. Shrubs are generally ericaceous, and include the evergreen mountain laurel (Kalmia latifolia), various species of blueberries (Vaccinium spp.), black huckleberry (Gaylussacia baccata), a number of deciduous rhododendrons (aza... | What type of rock do rhododendrons grow near? | What type of rock do rhododendrons grow near? | [
"What type of rock do rhododendrons grow near?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30622 | 5ace35c332bba1001ae49e64 | Appalachian_Mountains | The oak forests generally lack the diverse small tree, shrub and herb layers of mesic forests. Shrubs are generally ericaceous, and include the evergreen mountain laurel (Kalmia latifolia), various species of blueberries (Vaccinium spp.), black huckleberry (Gaylussacia baccata), a number of deciduous rhododendrons (aza... | What is rarely found near moist areas? | What is rarely found near moist areas? | [
"What is rarely found near moist areas?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30623 | 5ace35c332bba1001ae49e65 | Appalachian_Mountains | The oak forests generally lack the diverse small tree, shrub and herb layers of mesic forests. Shrubs are generally ericaceous, and include the evergreen mountain laurel (Kalmia latifolia), various species of blueberries (Vaccinium spp.), black huckleberry (Gaylussacia baccata), a number of deciduous rhododendrons (aza... | What is the name of the shrub associated with the chinquapin oak? | What is the name of the shrub associated with the chinquapin oak? | [
"What is the name of the shrub associated with the chinquapin oak?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30624 | 5ace368a32bba1001ae49e97 | Appalachian_Mountains | Eastern deciduous forests are subject to a number of serious insect and disease outbreaks. Among the most conspicuous is that of the introduced gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar), which infests primarily oaks, causing severe defoliation and tree mortality. But it also has the benefit of eliminating weak individuals, and thu... | What is worse than the hemlock woolly adelgid? | What is worse than the hemlock woolly adelgid? | [
"What is worse than the hemlock woolly adelgid?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30625 | 5ace368a32bba1001ae49e98 | Appalachian_Mountains | Eastern deciduous forests are subject to a number of serious insect and disease outbreaks. Among the most conspicuous is that of the introduced gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar), which infests primarily oaks, causing severe defoliation and tree mortality. But it also has the benefit of eliminating weak individuals, and thu... | What type of sprouts have a hard time growing? | What type of sprouts have a hard time growing? | [
"What type of sprouts have a hard time growing?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30626 | 5ace368a32bba1001ae49e99 | Appalachian_Mountains | Eastern deciduous forests are subject to a number of serious insect and disease outbreaks. Among the most conspicuous is that of the introduced gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar), which infests primarily oaks, causing severe defoliation and tree mortality. But it also has the benefit of eliminating weak individuals, and thu... | What is considered more serious than beech bark disease complex? | What is considered more serious than beech bark disease complex? | [
"What is considered more serious than beech bark disease complex?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30627 | 5ace368a32bba1001ae49e9a | Appalachian_Mountains | Eastern deciduous forests are subject to a number of serious insect and disease outbreaks. Among the most conspicuous is that of the introduced gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar), which infests primarily oaks, causing severe defoliation and tree mortality. But it also has the benefit of eliminating weak individuals, and thu... | What is the scientific name for the adelgid? | What is the scientific name for the adelgid? | [
"What is the scientific name for the adelgid?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30628 | 5ace368a32bba1001ae49e9b | Appalachian_Mountains | Eastern deciduous forests are subject to a number of serious insect and disease outbreaks. Among the most conspicuous is that of the introduced gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar), which infests primarily oaks, causing severe defoliation and tree mortality. But it also has the benefit of eliminating weak individuals, and thu... | What does the hemlock woolly adelgid help improve? | What does the hemlock woolly adelgid help improve? | [
"What does the hemlock woolly adelgid help improve?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30629 | 5ace3a7232bba1001ae49f6f | Appalachian_Mountains | As familiar as squirrels are the eastern cottontail rabbit (Silvilagus floridanus) and the white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus). The latter in particular has greatly increased in abundance as a result of the extirpation of the eastern wolf (Canis lupus lycaon) and the North American cougar. This has led to the ov... | Why has the rabbit increased in numbers as of late? | Why has the rabbit increased in numbers as of late? | [
"Why has the rabbit increased in numbers as of late?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30630 | 5ace3a7232bba1001ae49f70 | Appalachian_Mountains | As familiar as squirrels are the eastern cottontail rabbit (Silvilagus floridanus) and the white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus). The latter in particular has greatly increased in abundance as a result of the extirpation of the eastern wolf (Canis lupus lycaon) and the North American cougar. This has led to the ov... | What is the scientific name for the North American cougar? | What is the scientific name for the North American cougar? | [
"What is the scientific name for the North American cougar?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30631 | 5ace3a7232bba1001ae49f71 | Appalachian_Mountains | As familiar as squirrels are the eastern cottontail rabbit (Silvilagus floridanus) and the white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus). The latter in particular has greatly increased in abundance as a result of the extirpation of the eastern wolf (Canis lupus lycaon) and the North American cougar. This has led to the ov... | What kind of crops was the eastern wolf responsible for destroying? | What kind of crops was the eastern wolf responsible for destroying? | [
"What kind of crops was the eastern wolf responsible for destroying?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30632 | 5ace3a7232bba1001ae49f72 | Appalachian_Mountains | As familiar as squirrels are the eastern cottontail rabbit (Silvilagus floridanus) and the white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus). The latter in particular has greatly increased in abundance as a result of the extirpation of the eastern wolf (Canis lupus lycaon) and the North American cougar. This has led to the ov... | Where is the elk found? | Where is the elk found? | [
"Where is the elk found?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30633 | 5ace3a7232bba1001ae49f73 | Appalachian_Mountains | As familiar as squirrels are the eastern cottontail rabbit (Silvilagus floridanus) and the white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus). The latter in particular has greatly increased in abundance as a result of the extirpation of the eastern wolf (Canis lupus lycaon) and the North American cougar. This has led to the ov... | What has the only population of snowshoe hares south of the St. Lawrence River? | What has the only population of snowshoe hares south of the St. Lawrence River? | [
"What has the only population of snowshoe hares south of the St. Lawrence River?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30634 | 5ace3b7d32bba1001ae49faf | Appalachian_Mountains | Of great importance are the many species of salamanders and, in particular, the lungless species (Family Plethodontidae) that live in great abundance concealed by leaves and debris, on the forest floor. Most frequently seen, however, is the eastern or red-spotted newt (Notophthalmus viridescens), whose terrestrial eft ... | What is the name of the most commonly seen salamander? | What is the name of the most commonly seen salamander? | [
"What is the name of the most commonly seen salamander?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30635 | 5ace3b7d32bba1001ae49fb0 | Appalachian_Mountains | Of great importance are the many species of salamanders and, in particular, the lungless species (Family Plethodontidae) that live in great abundance concealed by leaves and debris, on the forest floor. Most frequently seen, however, is the eastern or red-spotted newt (Notophthalmus viridescens), whose terrestrial eft ... | What are the frogs and toads the largest class of? | What are the frogs and toads the largest class of? | [
"What are the frogs and toads the largest class of?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30636 | 5ace3b7d32bba1001ae49fb1 | Appalachian_Mountains | Of great importance are the many species of salamanders and, in particular, the lungless species (Family Plethodontidae) that live in great abundance concealed by leaves and debris, on the forest floor. Most frequently seen, however, is the eastern or red-spotted newt (Notophthalmus viridescens), whose terrestrial eft ... | What tends to detract from the nutrient cycle of the forest? | What tends to detract from the nutrient cycle of the forest? | [
"What tends to detract from the nutrient cycle of the forest?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30637 | 5ace3b7d32bba1001ae49fb2 | Appalachian_Mountains | Of great importance are the many species of salamanders and, in particular, the lungless species (Family Plethodontidae) that live in great abundance concealed by leaves and debris, on the forest floor. Most frequently seen, however, is the eastern or red-spotted newt (Notophthalmus viridescens), whose terrestrial eft ... | What consumes the salamanders and amphibians? | What consumes the salamanders and amphibians? | [
"What consumes the salamanders and amphibians?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30638 | 5ace3b7d32bba1001ae49fb3 | Appalachian_Mountains | Of great importance are the many species of salamanders and, in particular, the lungless species (Family Plethodontidae) that live in great abundance concealed by leaves and debris, on the forest floor. Most frequently seen, however, is the eastern or red-spotted newt (Notophthalmus viridescens), whose terrestrial eft ... | What are species of salamanders called as a group? | What are species of salamanders called as a group? | [
"What are species of salamanders called as a group?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30639 | 5ace5d7632bba1001ae4a40d | Appalachian_Mountains | Although reptiles are less abundant and diverse than amphibians, a number of snakes are conspicuous members of the fauna. One of the largest is the non-venomous black rat snake (Elaphe obsoleta obsoleta), while the common garter snake (Thamnophis sirtalis) is among the smallest but most abundant. The American copperhea... | What are found more often than amphibians? | What are found more often than amphibians? | [
"What are found more often than amphibians?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30640 | 5ace5d7632bba1001ae4a40e | Appalachian_Mountains | Although reptiles are less abundant and diverse than amphibians, a number of snakes are conspicuous members of the fauna. One of the largest is the non-venomous black rat snake (Elaphe obsoleta obsoleta), while the common garter snake (Thamnophis sirtalis) is among the smallest but most abundant. The American copperhea... | What is the largest venomous snake in the Appalachians? | What is the largest venomous snake in the Appalachians? | [
"What is the largest venomous snake in the Appalachians?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30641 | 5ace5d7632bba1001ae4a40f | Appalachian_Mountains | Although reptiles are less abundant and diverse than amphibians, a number of snakes are conspicuous members of the fauna. One of the largest is the non-venomous black rat snake (Elaphe obsoleta obsoleta), while the common garter snake (Thamnophis sirtalis) is among the smallest but most abundant. The American copperhea... | How large can the black rat snake grow? | How large can the black rat snake grow? | [
"How large can the black rat snake grow?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30642 | 5ace5d7632bba1001ae4a410 | Appalachian_Mountains | Although reptiles are less abundant and diverse than amphibians, a number of snakes are conspicuous members of the fauna. One of the largest is the non-venomous black rat snake (Elaphe obsoleta obsoleta), while the common garter snake (Thamnophis sirtalis) is among the smallest but most abundant. The American copperhea... | Which kind of turtle is only found in the eastern Appalachians? | Which kind of turtle is only found in the eastern Appalachians? | [
"Which kind of turtle is only found in the eastern Appalachians?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30643 | 5ace5d7632bba1001ae4a411 | Appalachian_Mountains | Although reptiles are less abundant and diverse than amphibians, a number of snakes are conspicuous members of the fauna. One of the largest is the non-venomous black rat snake (Elaphe obsoleta obsoleta), while the common garter snake (Thamnophis sirtalis) is among the smallest but most abundant. The American copperhea... | What kind of snake is a good climber? | What kind of snake is a good climber? | [
"What kind of snake is a good climber?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30644 | 5ace5f6c32bba1001ae4a45b | Appalachian_Mountains | For a century, the Appalachians were a barrier to the westward expansion of the British colonies. The continuity of the mountain system, the bewildering multiplicity of its succeeding ridges, the tortuous courses and roughness of its transverse passes, a heavy forest, and dense undergrowth all conspired to hold the set... | What prevented the Appalachian expansion? | What prevented the Appalachian expansion? | [
"What prevented the Appalachian expansion?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30645 | 5ace5f6c32bba1001ae4a45c | Appalachian_Mountains | For a century, the Appalachians were a barrier to the westward expansion of the British colonies. The continuity of the mountain system, the bewildering multiplicity of its succeeding ridges, the tortuous courses and roughness of its transverse passes, a heavy forest, and dense undergrowth all conspired to hold the set... | What prevented the settlers from going to the coastal plains? | What prevented the settlers from going to the coastal plains? | [
"What prevented the settlers from going to the coastal plains?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30646 | 5ace5f6c32bba1001ae4a45d | Appalachian_Mountains | For a century, the Appalachians were a barrier to the westward expansion of the British colonies. The continuity of the mountain system, the bewildering multiplicity of its succeeding ridges, the tortuous courses and roughness of its transverse passes, a heavy forest, and dense undergrowth all conspired to hold the set... | What were the names of the valleys that were impossible to pass? | What were the names of the valleys that were impossible to pass? | [
"What were the names of the valleys that were impossible to pass?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30647 | 5ace5f6c32bba1001ae4a45e | Appalachian_Mountains | For a century, the Appalachians were a barrier to the westward expansion of the British colonies. The continuity of the mountain system, the bewildering multiplicity of its succeeding ridges, the tortuous courses and roughness of its transverse passes, a heavy forest, and dense undergrowth all conspired to hold the set... | Who had the Spanish colonies allied with? | Who had the Spanish colonies allied with? | [
"Who had the Spanish colonies allied with?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30648 | 5ace5f6c32bba1001ae4a45f | Appalachian_Mountains | For a century, the Appalachians were a barrier to the westward expansion of the British colonies. The continuity of the mountain system, the bewildering multiplicity of its succeeding ridges, the tortuous courses and roughness of its transverse passes, a heavy forest, and dense undergrowth all conspired to hold the set... | What were the name of the French tribes? | What were the name of the French tribes? | [
"What were the name of the French tribes?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30649 | 5ace620d32bba1001ae4a4e1 | Appalachian_Mountains | By 1755, the obstacle to westward expansion had been thus reduced by half; outposts of the English colonists had penetrated the Allegheny and Cumberland plateaus, threatening French monopoly in the transmontane region, and a conflict became inevitable. Making common cause against the French to determine the control of ... | When did French colonists breach Allegheny? | When did French colonists breach Allegheny? | [
"When did French colonists breach Allegheny?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30650 | 5ace620d32bba1001ae4a4e2 | Appalachian_Mountains | By 1755, the obstacle to westward expansion had been thus reduced by half; outposts of the English colonists had penetrated the Allegheny and Cumberland plateaus, threatening French monopoly in the transmontane region, and a conflict became inevitable. Making common cause against the French to determine the control of ... | Who did the French take the transmontane region from? | Who did the French take the transmontane region from? | [
"Who did the French take the transmontane region from?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30651 | 5ace620d32bba1001ae4a4e3 | Appalachian_Mountains | By 1755, the obstacle to westward expansion had been thus reduced by half; outposts of the English colonists had penetrated the Allegheny and Cumberland plateaus, threatening French monopoly in the transmontane region, and a conflict became inevitable. Making common cause against the French to determine the control of ... | Who did the English ally with in the war? | Who did the English ally with in the war? | [
"Who did the English ally with in the war?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30652 | 5ace620d32bba1001ae4a4e4 | Appalachian_Mountains | By 1755, the obstacle to westward expansion had been thus reduced by half; outposts of the English colonists had penetrated the Allegheny and Cumberland plateaus, threatening French monopoly in the transmontane region, and a conflict became inevitable. Making common cause against the French to determine the control of ... | What were the American armies supported by? | What were the American armies supported by? | [
"What were the American armies supported by?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30653 | 5ace620d32bba1001ae4a4e5 | Appalachian_Mountains | By 1755, the obstacle to westward expansion had been thus reduced by half; outposts of the English colonists had penetrated the Allegheny and Cumberland plateaus, threatening French monopoly in the transmontane region, and a conflict became inevitable. Making common cause against the French to determine the control of ... | Who was America in league with in the Great Valley? | Who was America in league with in the Great Valley? | [
"Who was America in league with in the Great Valley?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30654 | 57263e5189a1e219009ac5aa | Mexico_City | Mexico City, or the City of Mexico (Spanish: Ciudad de México audio (help·info) American Spanish: [sjuˈða(ð) ðe ˈméxiko]; abbreviated as "CDMX"), is the capital of Mexico. As an "alpha" global city, Mexico City is one of the most important financial centers in the Americas. It is located in the Valley of Mexico (Valle... | How man feet above sea level is Mexico City | How man feet above sea level is Mexico City | [
"How man feet above sea level is Mexico City"
] | {
"text": [
"7,350"
],
"answer_start": [
426
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30655 | 57263e5189a1e219009ac5ab | Mexico_City | Mexico City, or the City of Mexico (Spanish: Ciudad de México audio (help·info) American Spanish: [sjuˈða(ð) ðe ˈméxiko]; abbreviated as "CDMX"), is the capital of Mexico. As an "alpha" global city, Mexico City is one of the most important financial centers in the Americas. It is located in the Valley of Mexico (Valle... | How many municipalities are in Mexico City? | How many municipalities are in Mexico City? | [
"How many municipalities are in Mexico City?"
] | {
"text": [
"sixteen"
],
"answer_start": [
458
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30656 | 57263e5189a1e219009ac5ac | Mexico_City | Mexico City, or the City of Mexico (Spanish: Ciudad de México audio (help·info) American Spanish: [sjuˈða(ð) ðe ˈméxiko]; abbreviated as "CDMX"), is the capital of Mexico. As an "alpha" global city, Mexico City is one of the most important financial centers in the Americas. It is located in the Valley of Mexico (Valle... | What did they used to call the municipalities within Mexico City? | What did they used to call the municipalities within Mexico City? | [
"What did they used to call the municipalities within Mexico City?"
] | {
"text": [
"boroughs"
],
"answer_start": [
500
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30657 | 57263e5189a1e219009ac5ad | Mexico_City | Mexico City, or the City of Mexico (Spanish: Ciudad de México audio (help·info) American Spanish: [sjuˈða(ð) ðe ˈméxiko]; abbreviated as "CDMX"), is the capital of Mexico. As an "alpha" global city, Mexico City is one of the most important financial centers in the Americas. It is located in the Valley of Mexico (Valle... | What is the Spanish word for Mexico City? | What is the Spanish word for Mexico City? | [
"What is the Spanish word for Mexico City?"
] | {
"text": [
"Ciudad de México"
],
"answer_start": [
45
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30658 | 57263e5189a1e219009ac5ae | Mexico_City | Mexico City, or the City of Mexico (Spanish: Ciudad de México audio (help·info) American Spanish: [sjuˈða(ð) ðe ˈméxiko]; abbreviated as "CDMX"), is the capital of Mexico. As an "alpha" global city, Mexico City is one of the most important financial centers in the Americas. It is located in the Valley of Mexico (Valle... | How many meters above sea is Mexico City? | How many meters above sea is Mexico City? | [
"How many meters above sea is Mexico City?"
] | {
"text": [
"2,240"
],
"answer_start": [
412
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30659 | 572641e4ec44d21400f3dced | Mexico_City | The Greater Mexico City has a gross domestic product (GDP) of US$411 billion in 2011, making Mexico City urban agglomeration one of the economically largest metropolitan areas in the world. The city was responsible for generating 15.8% of Mexico's Gross Domestic Product and the metropolitan area accounted for about 22%... | How big is Mexico City's GDP? | How big is Mexico City's GDP? | [
"How big is Mexico City's GDP?"
] | {
"text": [
"US$411 billion"
],
"answer_start": [
62
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30660 | 572641e4ec44d21400f3dcee | Mexico_City | The Greater Mexico City has a gross domestic product (GDP) of US$411 billion in 2011, making Mexico City urban agglomeration one of the economically largest metropolitan areas in the world. The city was responsible for generating 15.8% of Mexico's Gross Domestic Product and the metropolitan area accounted for about 22%... | How much bigger is Mexico City's GDP's than Costa Rica's? | How much bigger is Mexico City's GDP's than Costa Rica's? | [
"How much bigger is Mexico City's GDP's than Costa Rica's?"
] | {
"text": [
"five times"
],
"answer_start": [
443
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30661 | 572641e4ec44d21400f3dcef | Mexico_City | The Greater Mexico City has a gross domestic product (GDP) of US$411 billion in 2011, making Mexico City urban agglomeration one of the economically largest metropolitan areas in the world. The city was responsible for generating 15.8% of Mexico's Gross Domestic Product and the metropolitan area accounted for about 22%... | What percent of the Mexican GDP is the metropolitan area of Mexico City responsible for? | What percent of the Mexican GDP is the metropolitan area of Mexico City responsible for? | [
"What percent of the Mexican GDP is the metropolitan area of Mexico City responsible for?"
] | {
"text": [
"22%"
],
"answer_start": [
317
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30662 | 572641e4ec44d21400f3dcf0 | Mexico_City | The Greater Mexico City has a gross domestic product (GDP) of US$411 billion in 2011, making Mexico City urban agglomeration one of the economically largest metropolitan areas in the world. The city was responsible for generating 15.8% of Mexico's Gross Domestic Product and the metropolitan area accounted for about 22%... | Which country has about the same size GDP as Mexico city? | Which country has about the same size GDP as Mexico city? | [
"Which country has about the same size GDP as Mexico city?"
] | {
"text": [
"Peru"
],
"answer_start": [
506
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30663 | 5726427cec44d21400f3dcff | Mexico_City | Mexico’s capital is both the oldest capital city in the Americas and one of two founded by Amerindians (Native Americans), the other being Quito. The city was originally built on an island of Lake Texcoco by the Aztecs in 1325 as Tenochtitlan, which was almost completely destroyed in the 1521 siege of Tenochtitlan, and... | What was the original name of Mexico City? | What was the original name of Mexico City? | [
"What was the original name of Mexico City?"
] | {
"text": [
"Tenochtitlan"
],
"answer_start": [
230
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30664 | 5726427cec44d21400f3dd00 | Mexico_City | Mexico’s capital is both the oldest capital city in the Americas and one of two founded by Amerindians (Native Americans), the other being Quito. The city was originally built on an island of Lake Texcoco by the Aztecs in 1325 as Tenochtitlan, which was almost completely destroyed in the 1521 siege of Tenochtitlan, and... | Who originally built Mexico City? | Who originally built Mexico City? | [
"Who originally built Mexico City?"
] | {
"text": [
"the Aztecs"
],
"answer_start": [
208
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30665 | 5726427cec44d21400f3dd01 | Mexico_City | Mexico’s capital is both the oldest capital city in the Americas and one of two founded by Amerindians (Native Americans), the other being Quito. The city was originally built on an island of Lake Texcoco by the Aztecs in 1325 as Tenochtitlan, which was almost completely destroyed in the 1521 siege of Tenochtitlan, and... | When was the Federal District formed? | When was the Federal District formed? | [
"When was the Federal District formed?"
] | {
"text": [
"1824"
],
"answer_start": [
768
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30666 | 5726427cec44d21400f3dd02 | Mexico_City | Mexico’s capital is both the oldest capital city in the Americas and one of two founded by Amerindians (Native Americans), the other being Quito. The city was originally built on an island of Lake Texcoco by the Aztecs in 1325 as Tenochtitlan, which was almost completely destroyed in the 1521 siege of Tenochtitlan, and... | Where was the city first built? | Where was the city first built? | [
"Where was the city first built?"
] | {
"text": [
"on an island of Lake Texcoco"
],
"answer_start": [
176
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30667 | 5726427cec44d21400f3dd03 | Mexico_City | Mexico’s capital is both the oldest capital city in the Americas and one of two founded by Amerindians (Native Americans), the other being Quito. The city was originally built on an island of Lake Texcoco by the Aztecs in 1325 as Tenochtitlan, which was almost completely destroyed in the 1521 siege of Tenochtitlan, and... | When was Mexico City officially founded by the Spanish? | When was Mexico City officially founded by the Spanish? | [
"When was Mexico City officially founded by the Spanish?"
] | {
"text": [
"1585"
],
"answer_start": [
503
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30668 | 57265a65708984140094c36d | Mexico_City | After years of demanding greater political autonomy, residents were given the right to directly elect a Head of Government and the representatives of the unicameral Legislative Assembly by popular vote in 1997. Ever since, the left-wing Party of the Democratic Revolution (PRD) has controlled both of them. In recent yea... | Why can't Mexico City become a state? | Why can't Mexico City become a state? | [
"Why can't Mexico City become a state?"
] | {
"text": [
"Because of a clause in the Mexican Constitution"
],
"answer_start": [
716
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30669 | 57265a65708984140094c36e | Mexico_City | After years of demanding greater political autonomy, residents were given the right to directly elect a Head of Government and the representatives of the unicameral Legislative Assembly by popular vote in 1997. Ever since, the left-wing Party of the Democratic Revolution (PRD) has controlled both of them. In recent yea... | When did people become able to vote for representation? | When did people become able to vote for representation? | [
"When did people become able to vote for representation?"
] | {
"text": [
"1997"
],
"answer_start": [
205
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30670 | 57265a65708984140094c36f | Mexico_City | After years of demanding greater political autonomy, residents were given the right to directly elect a Head of Government and the representatives of the unicameral Legislative Assembly by popular vote in 1997. Ever since, the left-wing Party of the Democratic Revolution (PRD) has controlled both of them. In recent yea... | What political party controls the Mexico City legislature? | What political party controls the Mexico City legislature? | [
"What political party controls the Mexico City legislature? "
] | {
"text": [
"Party of the Democratic Revolution (PRD)"
],
"answer_start": [
237
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30671 | 57265a65708984140094c370 | Mexico_City | After years of demanding greater political autonomy, residents were given the right to directly elect a Head of Government and the representatives of the unicameral Legislative Assembly by popular vote in 1997. Ever since, the left-wing Party of the Democratic Revolution (PRD) has controlled both of them. In recent yea... | What was Mexico City's old affiliation with the nation of Mexico? | What was Mexico City's old affiliation with the nation of Mexico? | [
"What was Mexico City's old affiliation with the nation of Mexico?"
] | {
"text": [
"Federal District"
],
"answer_start": [
532
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30672 | 57265a65708984140094c371 | Mexico_City | After years of demanding greater political autonomy, residents were given the right to directly elect a Head of Government and the representatives of the unicameral Legislative Assembly by popular vote in 1997. Ever since, the left-wing Party of the Democratic Revolution (PRD) has controlled both of them. In recent yea... | How are officials elected to the legislature? | How are officials elected to the legislature? | [
"How are officials elected to the legislature? "
] | {
"text": [
"popular vote"
],
"answer_start": [
189
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30673 | 57265b12f1498d1400e8dd02 | Mexico_City | The city grew as the population did, coming up against the lake's waters. As the depth of the lake water fluctuated, Mexico City was subject to periodic flooding. A major labor draft, the desagüe, compelled thousands of Indians over the colonial period to work on infrastructure to prevent flooding. Floods were not only... | What was the labor draft called? | What was the labor draft called? | [
"What was the labor draft called?"
] | {
"text": [
"the desagüe"
],
"answer_start": [
184
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30674 | 57265b12f1498d1400e8dd03 | Mexico_City | The city grew as the population did, coming up against the lake's waters. As the depth of the lake water fluctuated, Mexico City was subject to periodic flooding. A major labor draft, the desagüe, compelled thousands of Indians over the colonial period to work on infrastructure to prevent flooding. Floods were not only... | Who helped build infrastructure around the lake? | Who helped build infrastructure around the lake? | [
"Who helped build infrastructure around the lake?"
] | {
"text": [
"Indians"
],
"answer_start": [
220
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30675 | 57265b12f1498d1400e8dd04 | Mexico_City | The city grew as the population did, coming up against the lake's waters. As the depth of the lake water fluctuated, Mexico City was subject to periodic flooding. A major labor draft, the desagüe, compelled thousands of Indians over the colonial period to work on infrastructure to prevent flooding. Floods were not only... | What was the main problem with being so close to the lake? | What was the main problem with being so close to the lake? | [
"What was the main problem with being so close to the lake?"
] | {
"text": [
"flooding"
],
"answer_start": [
153
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30676 | 57265b12f1498d1400e8dd05 | Mexico_City | The city grew as the population did, coming up against the lake's waters. As the depth of the lake water fluctuated, Mexico City was subject to periodic flooding. A major labor draft, the desagüe, compelled thousands of Indians over the colonial period to work on infrastructure to prevent flooding. Floods were not only... | What was a negative of regulating the lake's water height? | What was a negative of regulating the lake's water height? | [
"What was a negative of regulating the lake's water height?"
] | {
"text": [
"changed the habitat for fish and birds"
],
"answer_start": [
572
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30677 | 57265b12f1498d1400e8dd06 | Mexico_City | The city grew as the population did, coming up against the lake's waters. As the depth of the lake water fluctuated, Mexico City was subject to periodic flooding. A major labor draft, the desagüe, compelled thousands of Indians over the colonial period to work on infrastructure to prevent flooding. Floods were not only... | How many Indians helped build the infrastructure? | How many Indians helped build the infrastructure? | [
"How many Indians helped build the infrastructure? "
] | {
"text": [
"thousands"
],
"answer_start": [
207
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30678 | 57265bd2708984140094c37d | Mexico_City | The concept of nobility flourished in New Spain in a way not seen in other parts of the Americas. Spaniards encountered a society in which the concept of nobility mirrored that of their own. Spaniards respected the indigenous order of nobility and added to it. In the ensuing centuries, possession of a noble title in Me... | What is a common nickname for Mexico City? | What is a common nickname for Mexico City? | [
"What is a common nickname for Mexico City?"
] | {
"text": [
"The city of palaces"
],
"answer_start": [
1020
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30679 | 57265bd2708984140094c37e | Mexico_City | The concept of nobility flourished in New Spain in a way not seen in other parts of the Americas. Spaniards encountered a society in which the concept of nobility mirrored that of their own. Spaniards respected the indigenous order of nobility and added to it. In the ensuing centuries, possession of a noble title in Me... | How did mexican nobles spend money in Mexico City? | How did mexican nobles spend money in Mexico City? | [
"How did mexican nobles spend money in Mexico City?"
] | {
"text": [
"building churches, supporting charities and building extravagant palatial homes"
],
"answer_start": [
742
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30680 | 57265bd2708984140094c37f | Mexico_City | The concept of nobility flourished in New Spain in a way not seen in other parts of the Americas. Spaniards encountered a society in which the concept of nobility mirrored that of their own. Spaniards respected the indigenous order of nobility and added to it. In the ensuing centuries, possession of a noble title in Me... | When did the construction of exuberant houses slow down? | When did the construction of exuberant houses slow down? | [
"When did the construction of exuberant houses slow down?"
] | {
"text": [
"the last half of the 18th century"
],
"answer_start": [
900
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30681 | 57265c63f1498d1400e8dd3e | Mexico_City | The Grito de Dolores ("Cry of Dolores") also known as El Grito de la Independencia ("Cry of Independence"), uttered from the small town of Dolores near Guanajuato on September 16, 1810, is the event that marks the beginning of the Mexican War of Independence and is the most important national holiday observed in Mexico... | When did Mexico gain independence? | When did Mexico gain independence? | [
"When did Mexico gain independence? "
] | {
"text": [
"September 27, 1821"
],
"answer_start": [
1288
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30682 | 57265c63f1498d1400e8dd3f | Mexico_City | The Grito de Dolores ("Cry of Dolores") also known as El Grito de la Independencia ("Cry of Independence"), uttered from the small town of Dolores near Guanajuato on September 16, 1810, is the event that marks the beginning of the Mexican War of Independence and is the most important national holiday observed in Mexico... | How long was the war? | How long was the war? | [
"How long was the war?"
] | {
"text": [
"a decade"
],
"answer_start": [
1314
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30683 | 57265c63f1498d1400e8dd40 | Mexico_City | The Grito de Dolores ("Cry of Dolores") also known as El Grito de la Independencia ("Cry of Independence"), uttered from the small town of Dolores near Guanajuato on September 16, 1810, is the event that marks the beginning of the Mexican War of Independence and is the most important national holiday observed in Mexico... | What was the first battle of the Mexican Independence war called? | What was the first battle of the Mexican Independence war called? | [
"What was the first battle of the Mexican Independence war called? "
] | {
"text": [
"The Battle of Guanajuato"
],
"answer_start": [
1072
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30684 | 57265c63f1498d1400e8dd41 | Mexico_City | The Grito de Dolores ("Cry of Dolores") also known as El Grito de la Independencia ("Cry of Independence"), uttered from the small town of Dolores near Guanajuato on September 16, 1810, is the event that marks the beginning of the Mexican War of Independence and is the most important national holiday observed in Mexico... | What was the battle cry of the war? | What was the battle cry of the war? | [
"What was the battle cry of the war?"
] | {
"text": [
"Grito"
],
"answer_start": [
327
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30685 | 57265c63f1498d1400e8dd42 | Mexico_City | The Grito de Dolores ("Cry of Dolores") also known as El Grito de la Independencia ("Cry of Independence"), uttered from the small town of Dolores near Guanajuato on September 16, 1810, is the event that marks the beginning of the Mexican War of Independence and is the most important national holiday observed in Mexico... | When did the war begin? | When did the war begin? | [
"When did the war begin?"
] | {
"text": [
"September 16, 1810"
],
"answer_start": [
166
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30686 | 57265d135951b619008f70a1 | Mexico_City | The Battle for Mexico City was the series of engagements from September 8 to September 15, 1847, in the general vicinity of Mexico City during the Mexican–American War. Included are major actions at the battles of Molino del Rey and Chapultepec, culminating with the fall of Mexico City. The U.S. Army under Winfield Sco... | Who commanded the U.S. Army in the battle against Mexico City? | Who commanded the U.S. Army in the battle against Mexico City? | [
"Who commanded the U.S. Army in the battle against Mexico City?"
] | {
"text": [
"Winfield Scott"
],
"answer_start": [
308
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30687 | 57265d135951b619008f70a2 | Mexico_City | The Battle for Mexico City was the series of engagements from September 8 to September 15, 1847, in the general vicinity of Mexico City during the Mexican–American War. Included are major actions at the battles of Molino del Rey and Chapultepec, culminating with the fall of Mexico City. The U.S. Army under Winfield Sco... | What war did America and Mexico fight in? | What war did America and Mexico fight in? | [
"What war did America and Mexico fight in?"
] | {
"text": [
"Mexican–American War"
],
"answer_start": [
147
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30688 | 57265d135951b619008f70a3 | Mexico_City | The Battle for Mexico City was the series of engagements from September 8 to September 15, 1847, in the general vicinity of Mexico City during the Mexican–American War. Included are major actions at the battles of Molino del Rey and Chapultepec, culminating with the fall of Mexico City. The U.S. Army under Winfield Sco... | When did the battle for Mexico City take place | When did the battle for Mexico City take place | [
"When did the battle for Mexico City take place"
] | {
"text": [
"September 8 to September 15, 1847"
],
"answer_start": [
62
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30689 | 57265d135951b619008f70a4 | Mexico_City | The Battle for Mexico City was the series of engagements from September 8 to September 15, 1847, in the general vicinity of Mexico City during the Mexican–American War. Included are major actions at the battles of Molino del Rey and Chapultepec, culminating with the fall of Mexico City. The U.S. Army under Winfield Sco... | What American divisions got into Mexico City? | What American divisions got into Mexico City? | [
"What American divisions got into Mexico City?"
] | {
"text": [
"U.S. Army's 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th"
],
"answer_start": [
955
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30690 | 57265d79708984140094c3ab | Mexico_City | During this battle, on September 13, the 4th Division, under John A. Quitman, spearheaded the attack against Chapultepec and carried the castle. Future Confederate generals George E. Pickett and James Longstreet participated in the attack. Serving in the Mexican defense were the cadets later immortalized as Los Niños H... | Who led the 4th division? | Who led the 4th division? | [
"Who led the 4th division?"
] | {
"text": [
"John A. Quitman"
],
"answer_start": [
61
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30691 | 57265d79708984140094c3ac | Mexico_City | During this battle, on September 13, the 4th Division, under John A. Quitman, spearheaded the attack against Chapultepec and carried the castle. Future Confederate generals George E. Pickett and James Longstreet participated in the attack. Serving in the Mexican defense were the cadets later immortalized as Los Niños H... | What treaty was signed? | What treaty was signed? | [
"What treaty was signed?"
] | {
"text": [
"Guadalupe Hidalgo"
],
"answer_start": [
495
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30692 | 57265d79708984140094c3ad | Mexico_City | During this battle, on September 13, the 4th Division, under John A. Quitman, spearheaded the attack against Chapultepec and carried the castle. Future Confederate generals George E. Pickett and James Longstreet participated in the attack. Serving in the Mexican defense were the cadets later immortalized as Los Niños H... | Who were the future confederate generals? | Who were the future confederate generals? | [
"Who were the future confederate generals?"
] | {
"text": [
"George E. Pickett and James Longstreet"
],
"answer_start": [
173
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30693 | 57265d79708984140094c3ae | Mexico_City | During this battle, on September 13, the 4th Division, under John A. Quitman, spearheaded the attack against Chapultepec and carried the castle. Future Confederate generals George E. Pickett and James Longstreet participated in the attack. Serving in the Mexican defense were the cadets later immortalized as Los Niños H... | Who carried the castle? | Who carried the castle? | [
"Who carried the castle?"
] | {
"text": [
"the 4th Division"
],
"answer_start": [
37
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30694 | 57265d79708984140094c3af | Mexico_City | During this battle, on September 13, the 4th Division, under John A. Quitman, spearheaded the attack against Chapultepec and carried the castle. Future Confederate generals George E. Pickett and James Longstreet participated in the attack. Serving in the Mexican defense were the cadets later immortalized as Los Niños H... | When did the castle fall? | When did the castle fall? | [
"When did the castle fall?"
] | {
"text": [
"on September 13"
],
"answer_start": [
20
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30695 | 57265e0bf1498d1400e8dd62 | Mexico_City | During this era of Porfirian rule, the city underwent an extensive modernization. Many Spanish Colonial style buildings were destroyed, replaced by new much larger Porfirian institutions and many outlying rural zones were transformed into urban or industrialized districts with most having electrical, gas and sewage uti... | When was most of the urbanization completed? | When was most of the urbanization completed? | [
"When was most of the urbanization completed? "
] | {
"text": [
"by 1908"
],
"answer_start": [
327
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30696 | 57265e0bf1498d1400e8dd63 | Mexico_City | During this era of Porfirian rule, the city underwent an extensive modernization. Many Spanish Colonial style buildings were destroyed, replaced by new much larger Porfirian institutions and many outlying rural zones were transformed into urban or industrialized districts with most having electrical, gas and sewage uti... | The extensive modernization started with what? | The extensive modernization started with what? | [
"The extensive modernization started with what?"
] | {
"text": [
"Many Spanish Colonial style buildings were destroyed"
],
"answer_start": [
82
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30697 | 57265e0bf1498d1400e8dd64 | Mexico_City | During this era of Porfirian rule, the city underwent an extensive modernization. Many Spanish Colonial style buildings were destroyed, replaced by new much larger Porfirian institutions and many outlying rural zones were transformed into urban or industrialized districts with most having electrical, gas and sewage uti... | What was built during the modernization? | What was built during the modernization? | [
"What was built during the modernization?"
] | {
"text": [
"hospitals, schools, factories and massive public works"
],
"answer_start": [
385
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30698 | 57265e0bf1498d1400e8dd65 | Mexico_City | During this era of Porfirian rule, the city underwent an extensive modernization. Many Spanish Colonial style buildings were destroyed, replaced by new much larger Porfirian institutions and many outlying rural zones were transformed into urban or industrialized districts with most having electrical, gas and sewage uti... | What famous street was built during this period of modernization? | What famous street was built during this period of modernization? | [
"What famous street was built during this period of modernization?"
] | {
"text": [
"Reforma Avenue"
],
"answer_start": [
572
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-30699 | 57265ece708984140094c3d9 | Mexico_City | Diaz's plans called for the entire city to eventually be modernized or rebuilt in the Porfirian/French style of the Colonia Roma; but the Mexican Revolution began soon afterward and the plans never came to fruition, with many projects being left half-completed. One of the best examples of this is the Monument to the Me... | What was turned into a monument after the war? | What was turned into a monument after the war? | [
"What was turned into a monument after the war? "
] | {
"text": [
"the main dome of Diaz's new senate hall"
],
"answer_start": [
372
]
} |
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