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00a518593a0784dfa730d8c7b82e47673d7bc065 | in mathematics, juxtaposition of symbols is the adjacency | in mathematics, juxtaposition of symbols is the adjacency of factors with the absence of an explicit operator in an expression, especially for commonly used for multiplication: a x {\displaystyle ax} denotes the product of a {\displaystyle a} with x {\displaystyle x}, or a {\displaystyle a} times x {\displaystyle x}. i... | wikipedia |
8e36079bac38c2e0c1d54893ad4ec92eddf035c7 | in algebra, multiplication involving variables is often written | in algebra, multiplication involving variables is often written as a juxtaposition (e.g., x y {\displaystyle xy} for x {\displaystyle x} times y {\displaystyle y} or 5 x {\displaystyle 5x} for five times x {\displaystyle x}), also called implied multiplication. the notation can also be used for quantities that are surr... | wikipedia |
c176cf119e0593a7f5cea72063fd328942a74456 | in grammar, juxtaposition refers to the absence of | in grammar, juxtaposition refers to the absence of linking elements in a group of words that are listed together. thus, where english uses the conjunction and (e.g. mother and father), many languages use simple juxtaposition ("mother father"). in logic, juxtaposition is a logical fallacy on the part of the observer, wh... | wikipedia |
f08c2e558f3e99076840b35e6ecd81539f73dbe3 | in visual perception, juxtaposition is the absence of | in visual perception, juxtaposition is the absence of relations between details; syncretism is a vision of the whole which creates a vague but all-inclusive schema, supplanting the details. in verbal intelligence juxtaposition is the absence of relations between the various terms of a sentence; syncretism is the all-ro... | wikipedia |
9b7d7a70e7bc4568c21fa08c990c22b8baa21d53 | juxtaposition in literary terms is the showing contrast | juxtaposition in literary terms is the showing contrast by concepts placed side by side. an example of juxtaposition are the quotes "ask not what your country can do for you; ask what you can do for your country", and "let us never negotiate out of fear, but let us never fear to negotiate", both by john f. kennedy, who... | wikipedia |
47915efaaf9736bca32d398f1415ba86c34a400c | fritz johann hansgirg (1891–1949) was an austrian electrochemist | fritz johann hansgirg (1891–1949) was an austrian electrochemist and metallurgist who in 1928 invented a carbothermic magnesium reduction process. in 1934, he left austria for the empire of japan where he worked with industrialist shitagau noguchi to set up a magnesium plant, and then helped build a pilot plant to prod... | wikipedia |
93ed63efa6eaab9d378de6eecfd7ebf3ab5c4d9e | immediately after the war, the soviet union invaded | immediately after the war, the soviet union invaded and occupied northern korea and took possession of hansgirg's magnesium and heavy water plants in hungnam. they transferred the technology back to russia for integration into their own atomic bomb program. the u.s. manhattan project also utilized hansgirg's electrolyt... | wikipedia |
22075f1cb8fd3b48254ae31dcb85a2e4c3727829 | on july 23, 1949, hansgirg died unexpectedly at | on july 23, 1949, hansgirg died unexpectedly at the age of 58. the cause of death is unknown, but is suspected to be related to his decades of ingestion of magnesium, resulting in hypermagnesemia. | wikipedia |
ca3e0f33eaf310062d7d62920e20d46d3651dd92 | although many of his colleagues had fled europe | although many of his colleagues had fled europe during the rise of fascism, hansgirg was the only black mountain college community member with "enemy alien" status. he was known for letting the college community use his grand piano, his organ, his photographic equipment and his extensive collection of opera recordings.... | wikipedia |
20df3b844a166d6f23aa583292d28d389fdf726c | at black mountain college, hansgirg combined teaching of | at black mountain college, hansgirg combined teaching of chemistry and physics with research and business activities. in 1943, an extension was added to the school's science building to make room for a photography darkroom and for hansgirg's experiments in extracting magnesium from olivine, a locally abundant mineral. ... | wikipedia |
e08c3f43fc2f3239fac998b1bc81d8292f7f60b1 | heller's letter was forwarded by eleanor roosevelt to | heller's letter was forwarded by eleanor roosevelt to fbi director j. edgar hoover, who in turn consulted with the director of the alien enemy control unit. this resulted in hansgirg being released under parole by theodore dreier, the treasurer of black mountain college, a progressive experimental educational community... | wikipedia |
3e01e1de5d61603bcbb93621e1c2a052479c8784 | during hansgirg's wartime internment, u.s. attorney general francis | during hansgirg's wartime internment, u.s. attorney general francis biddle denied permission for his wife to visit him. heller appealed in a hand-written woman-to-woman letter to first lady eleanor roosevelt seeking leniency, explaining that her husband could not criticize adolf hitler because their son was still in th... | wikipedia |
2d29cacefef126062b518920a927ee41662401d5 | however, getting the permanete plant working was dangerous | however, getting the permanete plant working was dangerous and fraught with problems. the technology for the hansgirg process was still as unreliable as it had been in radenthein, as it required handling magnesium dust which ignites explosively in air. pmc engineers built a pilot plant to improve the process. however, ... | wikipedia |
fd80737eb96a0b9f5a4456ef0927ecf2ee30933b | in may 1940, hansgirg left japan for the | in may 1940, hansgirg left japan for the united states after the political mood became "hostile to foreigners". in the united states, hansgirg joined forces with american industrialist henry j. kaiser. before the war, the demand for aircraft engineering had increased the need for light magnesium alloys. kaiser had paid... | wikipedia |
977a865d6cd5aa9d1a6458f34c26c0553fd99f8d | hansgirg also developed a cracking plant, to break | hansgirg also developed a cracking plant, to break down crude oil into its various component parts. before leaving austria, he had designed two applications of a method of producing heavy water using a water gas shift reaction. it is thought that hansgirg helped the japanese to produce heavy water in hungnam, and was s... | wikipedia |
5f0001e5e85ac9c95eda71390ee512694f5bdaef | in 1934, hansgirg arrived in the empire of | in 1934, hansgirg arrived in the empire of japanm where he worked with industrialist shitagau noguchi to set up a magnesium plant at the chosen nitrogen fertilizer complex in what is now the northern korean city of hungnam. noguchi (through his company nichitsu) and winter (american magnesium metals corporation) establ... | wikipedia |
4b50067a28802632180d71b14f058ae7efd10482 | in 1928, hansgirg invented, and patented, a carbothermic | in 1928, hansgirg invented, and patented, a carbothermic magnesium reduction process while working in his radenthein laboratory. this was a less costly method of mass-producing magnesium of extremely high purity. after setting up a pilot plant in radenthein to produce magnesium, his senior partner, emil winter of the p... | wikipedia |
85a477a1475552a5d0067e4553f823eda677df17 | hansgirg was born in graz, austria in 1891 | hansgirg was born in graz, austria in 1891 and received a phd degree in chemistry from the university of graz. he was married to josephine marie (née heller). heller's son from her first marriage, peter robert hofstätter, graduated from the university of vienna, and served as a military psychologist in the german army ... | wikipedia |
e2174ddb0ac751409d86fa6f87b3edb3773264cd | fritz johann hansgirg (1891 – 1949) was an | fritz johann hansgirg (1891 – 1949) was an austrian electrochemist and metallurgist who in 1928 invented a carbothermic magnesium reduction process. in 1934, he left austria for the empire of japan where he worked with industrialist shitagau noguchi to set up a magnesium plant, and then helped build a pilot plant to pr... | wikipedia |
042c84716130d667a6dcfcced7fba9566c62633b | in 2022, chouhan signed for croatian side dinamo | in 2022, chouhan signed for croatian side dinamo zagreb after doing well in the trials. she then helped the club winning the domestic league. she scored a hat-trick against croatian side znk agram, becoming the first indian professional player to score a hat-trick for a european club. previously, she played for indian ... | wikipedia |
6f3c614cf172dc1b6ef4bbf3dd6a240afa4b6d87 | dominik simon is a czech professional ice hockey | dominik simon is a czech professional ice hockey forward currently under contract with hc sparta praha of the czech extraliga (elh). he was selected by the pittsburgh penguins, 137th overall, in the 2015 nhl entry draft. | wikipedia |
1d005df9638a9f21f271499bd6c9947011612360 | simon made his czech republic national team senior | simon made his czech republic national team senior debut when he participated at the 2015 iihf world championship. he also represented the czech republic at the 2019 iihf world championship and the 2022 iihf world championship, where he won a bronze medal. | wikipedia |
520c4be70fa8680a4f48e13d9364769120fd0771 | at the conclusion of his contract with the | at the conclusion of his contract with the ducks, simon a free agent opted to return to czechia and signed a two-year contract with his original club, hc sparta praha of the elh, on 10 september 2022. | wikipedia |
900e558c4953e82862dac72105226c58facfaf17 | following his fifth season within the penguins organization | following his fifth season within the penguins organization in 2019–20, due to salary cap considerations, simon was not tendered a qualifying offer as a restricted free agent and was released to free agency on 5 october 2020. on 22 october 2020, simon agreed to join the calgary flames by signing a one-year, $700,000 co... | wikipedia |
1444e1fec0f02d8b20835a989c1f01a08da49047 | in october 2018, simon made the pittsburgh opening-night | in october 2018, simon made the pittsburgh opening-night roster for the 2018–19 nhl season. simon was injured on 4 december 2018, suffering a lower-body injury during a game against the colorado avalanche. he returned to the line-up on 20 december after missing eight games. | wikipedia |
0791097e249cb5dadad121368f46b990b76d3179 | simon was recalled again from the wilkes-barre/scranton penguins | simon was recalled again from the wilkes-barre/scranton penguins on 8 december 2017, as greg mckegg was reassigned. simon scored his first nhl goal on 14 january 2018 in a game against the new york rangers. simon was injured in a game against the philadelphia flyers on 7 march 2018. he returned to the lineup on 23 marc... | wikipedia |
ec662d25434fa18ee3d88b670592bed0561f8f4c | simon was signed by the penguins to a | simon was signed by the penguins to a three-year, entry-level contract on 15 july 2015. he began the 2015–16 season playing for the penguins' american hockey league (ahl) affiliate, the wilkes-barre/scranton penguins. he made his nhl debut on 13 march 2016, where he earned his first nhl assist in a 5–3 win against the ... | wikipedia |
492c2353d9fbde98709409ec502a4262b2cec29e | simon played in the 2007 quebec international pee-wee | simon played in the 2007 quebec international pee-wee hockey tournament with a youth team from chomutov. he made his czech extraliga debut for hc sparta praha during the 2012–13 season. he was selected by rimouski océanic in the 2013 chl import draft, however he did not report to rimouski, instead staying with sparta p... | wikipedia |
0c7f6f34315949a2241df68b90876a449869bb78 | dominik simon (born 8 august 1994) is a | dominik simon (born 8 august 1994) is a czech professional ice hockey forward currently under contract with hc sparta praha of the czech extraliga (elh). he was selected by the pittsburgh penguins, 137th overall, in the 2015 nhl entry draft. | wikipedia |
15566c2b13c90c9fef3a9c7f877cbddaf12a36fa | on 11 march 2015, najaryan made his senior | on 11 march 2015, najaryan made his senior team debut in kazakhstan premier league against fc ordabasy at metallurg stadium, replacing vladislav vasiliev at the 83rd minute by coach vladimir cheburin. on 5 april 2015, najaryan scored his first senior team goal against fc tobol at 59th minute. the goal was the first goa... | wikipedia |
bf5e21653d07b2f9cd0363c910634fc30d219f06 | gevorg najaryan (armenian: Գևորգ Նաջարյան; born 6 january | gevorg najaryan (armenian: Գևորգ Նաջարյան; born 6 january 1998) is a kazakh footballer of armenian descent who plays as a central midfielder for atyrau. | wikipedia |
29c410ea863fe2f6fd70fc557e81e95570d6fa36 | rory walton is an australian rugby union footballer. | rory walton is an australian rugby union footballer. his regular playing position is lock. in 2010 walton joined the act brumbies as a part of their extended playing squad, staying until 2012. having previously played club rugby for northern suburbs in the shute shield, he was named in the western force playing squad f... | wikipedia |
299d8ad8c4355373593228a6a290477598b561e0 | rory walton (born 11 april 1989) is an | rory walton (born 11 april 1989) is an australian rugby union footballer. his regular playing position is lock. in 2010 walton joined the act brumbies as a part of their extended playing squad, staying until 2012. having previously played club rugby for northern suburbs in the shute shield, he was named in the western ... | wikipedia |
0245ffcc98d6b3aa7115436db3b05ceb0715c935 | multiangle light scattering (mals) describes a technique for | multiangle light scattering (mals) describes a technique for measuring the light scattered by a sample into a plurality of angles. it is used for determining both the absolute molar mass and the average size of molecules in solution, by detecting how they scatter light. a collimated beam from a laser source is most oft... | wikipedia |
f0d8a931dedaa7c34782c3ae79c290ec318f2ee4 | in addition to branching, the log-log plot of | in addition to branching, the log-log plot of size vs. molar mass indicates the shape or conformation of a macromolecule. an increase in the slope of the plot indicates a variation in conformation of a polymer from spherical to random coil to linear. combining the mean-square radius from mals with the hydrodynamic radi... | wikipedia |
7cab98d5d605100a469802f56a82af4751ca738d | where r 2 {\displaystyle r^{2}} is the mean | where r 2 {\displaystyle r^{2}} is the mean square radius of branched and linear macromolecules with identical molar masses. by utilizing mals in conjunction with a concentration detector as described above, one create a log-log plot of the root-mean-square radius vs molar mass. the slope of this plot yields the branch... | wikipedia |
52b88e0d80e28817abcd6b7adaffaeb700cd4bd4 | as mals can provide molar mass and size | as mals can provide molar mass and size of molecules, it permits study into protein-protein binding, oligomerization and the kinetics of self-assembly, association and dissociation. by comparing the molar mass of a sample to its concentration, one can determine the binding affinity and stoichiometry of interacting mole... | wikipedia |
334e8c5fc68cd143ae92089fb1ec1fd3bad29679 | coupling mals with an in-line concentration detector following | coupling mals with an in-line concentration detector following a sample separation means like sec permits the calculation of the molar mass of the eluting sample in addition to its root-mean-square radius. the figure below represents a chromatographic separation of bsa aggregates. the 90° light scattering signal from a... | wikipedia |
e3a7adb4661d083903ff57ebb689417fbd92d1dc | the angular dependence of light scattering data is | the angular dependence of light scattering data is shown below in a figure of mix of polystyrene spheres which was separated by sec. the two smallest samples (farthest to the right) eluted last and show no angular dependence. the sample, second to the right shows a linear angular variation with the intensity increasing... | wikipedia |
f3249ab7d3944b23d4dbae8810ec593ce683acf2 | with the advent of size exclusion chromatography (sec), | with the advent of size exclusion chromatography (sec), mals measurements began to be used in conjunction with an on-line concentration detector to determine absolute molar mass and size of sample fractions eluting from the column, rather than depending on calibration techniques. these flow mode mals measurements have ... | wikipedia |
175b26305aea64912ef900814009596b936d2291 | when plotted one can extrapolate to both zero | when plotted one can extrapolate to both zero angle and zero concentration, and analysis of the plot will give the mean square radius of the sample molecules from the initial slope of the c=0 line and the molar mass of the molecule at the point where both concentration and angle equal zero. improvements to the zimm plo... | wikipedia |
e7eaac9ebba326ed34b8c63d2a41b1d811c101ee | mals is most commonly used for the characterization | mals is most commonly used for the characterization of mass and size of molecules in solution. early implementations of mals such as those discussed by bruno h. zimm in his paper "apparatus and methods for measurement and interpretation of the angular variation of light scattering; preliminary results on polystyrene so... | wikipedia |
c55c9544489f0a053237b7b06dd49a4592ed4b75 | even for a simple homogeneous sphere of radius | even for a simple homogeneous sphere of radius a whose refractive index, n, is very nearly the same as the refractive index "n " of the suspending fluid, i.e. rayleigh–gans approximation, the scattering function in the scattering plane is the relatively complex quantity | wikipedia |
009e761a541813de68e631447770a1718201ae6e | where i(θ) is the scattering function of a | where i(θ) is the scattering function of a single particle, k = 2πn /λ, n is the refractive index of the suspending fluid, and λ is the vacuum wavelength of the incident light. the excess rayleigh ratio, r(θ), is then given by | wikipedia |
20b03540d17159ea607f740ab28525f570cfb4aa | scattering data is usually represented in terms of | scattering data is usually represented in terms of the so-called excess rayleigh ratio defined as the rayleigh ratio of the solution or single particle event from which is subtracted the rayleigh ratio of the carrier fluid itself and other background contributions, if any. the rayleigh ratio measured at a detector lyin... | wikipedia |
ff48a015edc4c5a434eb35305d00b2c5e19fa1fc | lorenz–mie theory is used to interpret the scattering | lorenz–mie theory is used to interpret the scattering of light by homogeneous spherical particles. the rayleigh–gans approximation and the lorenz–mie theory produce identical results for homogeneous spheres in the limit as | 1 − m | → 0. | wikipedia |
729f87318cd5106fb59a7025312bf7e912a02a28 | the rayleigh–gans approximation is a means of interpreting | the rayleigh–gans approximation is a means of interpreting mals measurements with the assumption that the scattering particles have a refractive index, n, very close to the refractive index of the surrounding medium, n. if we set m = n /n and assume that |m - 1| << 1, then such particles may be considered as composed o... | wikipedia |
de26c7a500f7058f2bb245aee1d07084e7539b7e | rayleigh scattering is the simplest and describes elastic | rayleigh scattering is the simplest and describes elastic scattering of light or other electromagnetic radiation by objects much smaller than the incident wavelength. this type of scattering is responsible for the blue color of the sky during the day and is inversely proportional to the fourth power of wavelength. | wikipedia |
8cfb0f23e3fa643c639050db7b869e3315eb5094 | the interpretation of scattering measurements made at the | the interpretation of scattering measurements made at the multiangular locations relies upon some knowledge of the a priori properties of the particles or molecules measured. the scattering characteristics of different classes of such scatterers may be interpreted best by application of an appropriate theory. for examp... | wikipedia |
22c7ddb720684d6d518c5014682695b383ffdafb | the literature associated with measurements made by mals | the literature associated with measurements made by mals photometers is extensive. both in reference to batch measurements of particles/molecules and measurements following fractionation by chromatographic means such as size exclusion chromatography (sec), reversed phase chromatography (rpc), and field flow fractionati... | wikipedia |
1cfb9e80c76375d6e93d65c4a3116368e49286ec | the commercialization of multiangle systems began in 1977 | the commercialization of multiangle systems began in 1977 when science spectrum, inc. patented a flow-through capillary system for a customized bioassay system developed for the usfda. the first commercial mals instrument incorporating 8 discrete detectors was delivered to s.c. johnson and son, by wyatt technology comp... | wikipedia |
0b514a1102853cb08311409c81c4530180953d40 | the application of the litton detector by salzman | the application of the litton detector by salzman et al. provided measurement at 32 small scattering angles between 0° and 30°, and averaging over a broad range of azimuthal angles as the most important angles are the forward angles for static light scattering. by 1980, bartholi et al. had developed a new approach to m... | wikipedia |
2666328a0b139b652ac17ac106aaa38762cced3e | another type of mals device was developed in | another type of mals device was developed in 1974 by salzmann et al. based on a light pattern detector invented by george et al. for litton systems inc. in 1971. the litton detector was developed for sampling the light energy distribution in the rear focal-plane of a spherical lens for sampling geometric relationships ... | wikipedia |
acb0dedf71b75f8f7a73a04b79cdc093cb27b72c | the traditional differential light scattering measurement was virtually | the traditional differential light scattering measurement was virtually identical to the currently used mals technique. although the mals technique generally collects multiplexed data sequentially from the outputs of a set of discrete detectors, the earlier differential light scattering measurement also collected data ... | wikipedia |
37cd50a5fb19d0a5f4721f263e8071e1f0f89654 | although most mals-based measurements are performed in a | although most mals-based measurements are performed in a plane containing a set of detectors usually equidistantly placed from a centrally located sample through which the illuminating beam passes, three-dimensional versions also have been developed wherein the detectors lie on the surface of a sphere with the sample c... | wikipedia |
d9ced9aff8f5fba7134e5d1d5879656b41d3c51d | a mals measurement requires a set of ancillary | a mals measurement requires a set of ancillary elements. most important among them is a collimated or focused light beam (usually from a laser source producing a collimated beam of monochromatic light) that illuminates a region of the sample. in modern instruments, the beam is generally plane-polarized perpendicular to... | wikipedia |
15a8f90923b179cd97f7dee1d68810f2fad7c6f7 | measurements were generally expressed as scattered intensities or | measurements were generally expressed as scattered intensities or scattered irradiance. since the collection of data was made as the detector was placed at different locations on the arc, each position corresponding to a different scattering angle, the concept of placing a separate detector at each angular location of ... | wikipedia |
c24168e1719c75bcda305a6346320a2fafab31bd | the measurement of scattered light from an illuminated | the measurement of scattered light from an illuminated sample forms the basis of the so-called classical light scattering measurement. historically, such measurements were made using a single detector rotated in an arc about the illuminated sample. the first commercial instrument (formally called a "scattered photomete... | wikipedia |
7e5543bfe13e83993d9c7c370d6ef4d740c2e132 | the "multi-angle" term refers to the detection of | the "multi-angle" term refers to the detection of scattered light at different discrete angles as measured, for example, by a single detector moved over a range that includes the particular angles selected or an array of detectors fixed at specific angular locations. a discussion of the physical phenomenon related to t... | wikipedia |
d1137f100381f7072a6f3bd1dbaa86a4286d7665 | until the advent of lasers and their associated | until the advent of lasers and their associated fine beams of narrow width, the width of conventional light beams used to make such measurements prevented data collection at smaller scattering angles. in recent years, since all commercial light scattering instrumentation use laser sources, this need to mention the ligh... | wikipedia |
4af22199a2c0761eca2568f22362fb4d60a8dd71 | multiangle light scattering (mals) describes a technique for | multiangle light scattering (mals) describes a technique for measuring the light scattered by a sample into a plurality of angles. it is used for determining both the absolute molar mass and the average size of molecules in solution, by detecting how they scatter light. a collimated beam from a laser source is most oft... | wikipedia |
0cd1a96f063c1c8bb9913d8f40257bebffe856e4 | mary anne white is a canadian materials scientist | mary anne white is a canadian materials scientist who is the harry shirreff (emerita) professor of chemical research at dalhousie university. her research considers novel solar thermal materials and their application in renewable energy devices. she is the author of a textbook titled physical properties of materials. s... | wikipedia |
fc994d8f68089ccc99262a57ff5857c7e35809be | white began her academic career as an assistant | white began her academic career as an assistant professor at the university of waterloo. in 1983 joined dalhousie university, where she served as both professor of chemistry and physics and director of the institute for research in materials. white developed novel thermal energy storage materials, specialising in areas... | wikipedia |
f67596682284c5fe4d838bedb172cf87d2c43a6a | white was born in london, ontario. as a | white was born in london, ontario. as a child, she was encouraged to complete science experiments. she attended the university of western ontario for undergraduate studies in chemistry. returning in 2011 to deliver the convocation address, white explained, “by the end of the first week at western, i knew that i had fou... | wikipedia |
e5b272d55fb4290d3007b8d51485b1aac40164d0 | mary anne white oc frsc (born december 28, | mary anne white oc frsc (born december 28, 1953) is a canadian materials scientist who is the harry shirreff (emerita) professor of chemical research at dalhousie university. her research considers novel solar thermal materials and their application in renewable energy devices. she is the author of a textbook titled ph... | wikipedia |
61656a18fcaa074e3bb37d2b65e2706ca4b1c470 | an expert on tropical medicines, christophers studied many | an expert on tropical medicines, christophers studied many diseases, particularly malaria. his work on the research of this disease won him the royal society's 1952 buchanan medal for "outstanding research" on the anopheles mosquito that transmitted malaria. in his career he also contributed to the taxonomy of other pa... | wikipedia |
2bde35bd66534f98118a82fa9418e9bedeaf6b98 | he had married elise emma sherman in london | he had married elise emma sherman in london in september 1902. she was the daughter of the owner of a coffee estate in india. their first child, elise iseult, was born in june 1903 in allahabad, india, and their son, samuel vagn, in december the following year in madras. lady christophers died in england in 1962. | wikipedia |
86443fa8fe832090f9d84fe80c04402b1c076441 | christophers was also an honorary physician to king | christophers was also an honorary physician to king george v from 1927 to 1930. he was awarded cie in 1915, obe in 1918 and knighted in 1931. he retired from the indian medical service 27 november 1930 a brevet colonel. on his retirement in 1932–38, he joined the london school of hygiene & tropical medicine where he be... | wikipedia |
26cc2cde0736af3f8a38f1722bcda200cfd9866c | on his return to england in 1902, he | on his return to england in 1902, he became a lieutenant in the indian medical service, moving back to india in 1904. in 1910 he was appointed the first director of the central malaria bureau, coordinating anti-malarial training and research throughout india. he spent world war i on anti-malaria duties in iraq and in 1... | wikipedia |
f6a008cb116049dde800382564f5044e69db223a | in 1897, he took part in an amazonian | in 1897, he took part in an amazonian expedition and in 1898 went to italy as part of the malaria commission, followed by a trip to africa to study malaria. in 1901, the malaria commission moved to india. | wikipedia |
92220b0203b7eea542dd12403918029f902ca293 | christophers was born and raised in liverpool, the | christophers was born and raised in liverpool, the son of samuel hunt christophers and mary selina christophers née rickard and educated at the liverpool institute and university of liverpool, graduating mb in 1896. | wikipedia |
587d0aecc70b08d219319bfd65e4178f80acabcb | brevet colonel sir samuel rickard christophers cie obe | brevet colonel sir samuel rickard christophers cie obe frs (27 november 1873 – 19 february 1978) was a british protozoologist and medical entomologist specialising in mosquitoes. | wikipedia |
eac57966518c430baa09750251ac7b6565c8c208 | hempcrete or hemplime is biocomposite material, a mixture | hempcrete or hemplime is biocomposite material, a mixture of hemp hurds (shives) and lime, sand, or pozzolans, which is used as a material for construction and insulation. it is marketed under names like hempcrete, canobiote, canosmose, isochanvre and isohemp. hempcrete is easier to work with than traditional lime mixe... | wikipedia |
2538c04a9bec0f9a7f8cbb3f44278a7e91581d5d | hempcrete is a construction building material that uses | hempcrete is a construction building material that uses hemp shives, aggregate, water, and a type of binder to act as non-bearing walls, insulators, finishing plasters, and blocks. the material has low mechanical properties and low thermal conductivity, making it ideal for insulation material. hempcrete blocks have a l... | wikipedia |
09db213cb8ab6cefcb743876e34d5a1324385398 | hempcrete is a fairly new natural building material | hempcrete is a fairly new natural building material whose usage has increased throughout european countries in recent years and is gaining traction within the united states. the hemp building foundation submitted paperwork to the international residential codes (irc) in february 2022 to certify the material as a nation... | wikipedia |
dc0b77014915722103367781bdd144fa72ec85c3 | the impacts arising from indirect land use changes | the impacts arising from indirect land use changes of hemp cultivation, maintenance work, and end-of-life need to be studied to create a full cradle-to-grave environmental impact profile of hempcrete blocks. to counteract the negative environmental impacts that hempcrete blocks have on the environment the transport dis... | wikipedia |
552fe3fa1f50f2bba203f2eb1a3b22a654ed4111 | the main cause of the environmental footprint for | the main cause of the environmental footprint for hempcrete comes from the production of the binder. reports have estimated that 18.5% - 38.4% of initial emissions from binder production can be recovered through the carbonation process. the specific amount of carbonates in the blocks actually increases with the age of ... | wikipedia |
ccc3bf01ea1fe46c7aad19a652bd6717deff3b6b | the binder production provides the largest environmental impact | the binder production provides the largest environmental impact while the transport phases are the second. during binder production in the lime calcination and clinker creation portion, the emissions are the most notable. a large amount of diesel consumption in the transport phases and during the manufacturing of hemp ... | wikipedia |
a133d24ff20a0e5bfcc95bbba70784b442ba1b33 | the lca of hempcrete blocks considers seven unit | the lca of hempcrete blocks considers seven unit processes: hemp shives and production, binder production, transport of raw materials to the manufacturing company, hempcrete blocks production processes, transport of hempcrete blocks to the construction site, wall construction, and the use phase. the impact assessment o... | wikipedia |
b5f4b00fb72e3e8484612e94bb93f32e80702ddd | just like any crop, hemp absorbs co from | just like any crop, hemp absorbs co from the atmosphere while growing, so hempcrete is considered a carbon-storing material. a hempcrete block continually stores co during its entire life, from fabrication to end-of-life, creating positive environmental benefits. through a life cycle assessment (lca) of hempcrete block... | wikipedia |
e9b27c5cd9c8e325a365e4f1e2fc82851d5070c3 | hempcrete block walls can be laid without any | hempcrete block walls can be laid without any covering or can be covered with finishing plasters. this latter uses the same hempcrete mixture but in different proportions. since hempcrete contains a plant-based compound, walls need to be built with a joint in between the wall and ground to prevent capillary rising of w... | wikipedia |
0c6ab3ee2d74310e3e029cc52947901705f8cde8 | although it is not known for its strength, | although it is not known for its strength, hempcrete provides a high vapor permeability that allows for better control of temperature in an indoor environment. it can also be used as a filling material in frame structures and be used to make prefabricated panels. altering the density of hempcrete mixtures also affects ... | wikipedia |
5d3fa1d0d1d3d4997c38a18d3eb6c2d878fa8775 | hempcrete materials are a product of a type | hempcrete materials are a product of a type of binder and hemp shives size and quality, and the proportions in the mixture can greatly affect its properties and performance. the most notable limiting factor with hempcrete is the low mechanical performance. due to low mechanical performance, the material should not be u... | wikipedia |
ea748fa69a4878ae13919d8f26f06298176cca3a | due to the large variety of hemp, the | due to the large variety of hemp, the porosity differs from one type to another, therefore its thermal insulating abilities vary too. the lower the density, the lower the heat transfer coefficient, a characteristic of insulating materials. on three cubic samples of hempcrete after 28 days of drying the heat transfer co... | wikipedia |
86dea9fede0464032f725b381ac3b28a1753e427 | hemp concrete has a low thermal conductivity, ranging | hemp concrete has a low thermal conductivity, ranging from 0.06 to 0.6 w m k, a total porosity of 68–80% and a density of 200 kg /m to 960 kg/m. hemp concrete is also an aerated material with high water vapour permeability and its total porosity very close to open porosity allowing it to absorb significant amounts of w... | wikipedia |
5ab058564362396a6280520fdd1b74c3782d36d0 | hempcrete's r-value (its resistance to heat transfer) can | hempcrete's r-value (its resistance to heat transfer) can range from 0.67/cm (1.7/in) to 1.2/cm (3.0/in), making it an efficient insulating material (the higher the r-value, the better the insulation). the porosity of hempcrete falls within the range of 71.1% to 84.3% by volume. the average specific heat capacity of th... | wikipedia |
81283321004ccb8594c750116b404be0b6bd05ec | hempcrete's low density material and resistance to cracking | hempcrete's low density material and resistance to cracking under movement make it suitable for use in earthquake -prone areas. hempcrete walls must be used together with a frame of another material that supports the vertical load in building construction, as hempcrete's density is 15% that of traditional concrete. stu... | wikipedia |
866de27b51ea0dbf1c5f6946062838b46a1d012f | the compressive strength is typically around 0.3 mpa. | the compressive strength is typically around 0.3 mpa. due to the lower compressive strength, hempcrete cannot be used for load-bearing elements in construction. density is affected by drying kinetics, with a larger specific area the drying time decreases. the size of the specimen and the hemp shives should be accounted... | wikipedia |
1835dd232409ebc8f39fbab1ed36e59e1a3f2a2c | a study was conducted that focuses on the | a study was conducted that focuses on the variability and statistical significance of hempcrete properties by analyzing two sizes of hempcrete columns with hemp from two different distributors under a normal distribution. the coefficient of variance (cov) indicates the dispersion of experimental results and is importan... | wikipedia |
5b6d20667999d10ef3eea30742c52da1562f80f4 | typically, hempcrete has a low mechanical performance. hempcrete | typically, hempcrete has a low mechanical performance. hempcrete is a fairly new material and is still being studied. several items affect the mechanical properties of hempcrete such as aggregate size, type of binder, proportions within the mixture, manufacturing method, molding method, and compaction energy. all studi... | wikipedia |
7114f068ba027beaf05e99df7b5eb83c0177603f | there are two primary construction techniques used right | there are two primary construction techniques used right now for implementing hempcrete. the first technique consists of using forms to cast or spray hempcrete directly in place on the construction site. the second technique consists of stacking prefabricated blocks that are delivered to the project site similar to mas... | wikipedia |
bb5e91e8c44aed04f0ec23b4c45f3897753087e1 | hempcrete has been used in france since the | hempcrete has been used in france since the early 1990s, and more recently in canada, to construct non-weight bearing insulating infill walls, as hempcrete does not have the requisite strength for constructing foundation and is instead supported by the frame. hempcrete was also used to renovate old buildings made of st... | wikipedia |
824b9a633703fcf2fa65b04a039c4952dba2a6ba | hempcrete is made of the inner woody core | hempcrete is made of the inner woody core of the hemp plant (hemp shives) mixed with a lime-based binder and water. the lime-based binder typically consists of either hydrated lime or natural hydraulic lime. hydrated lime is made from pure limestone and sets through the absorption of co during the carbonation process. ... | wikipedia |
ed2eb8c06760fe2a602a1df6dd51900e2bc088a7 | typically, hempcrete has good thermal and acoustic insulation | typically, hempcrete has good thermal and acoustic insulation capabilities, but low mechanical performance, specifically compressive strength. hempcrete's mechanical properties, when used in prefabricated blocks specifically, act as a carbon sink throughout its lifetime. the result is a lightweight insulating material,... | wikipedia |
82190531135db4c719df28acb54d25f68ba64c88 | hempcrete or hemplime is biocomposite material, a mixture | hempcrete or hemplime is biocomposite material, a mixture of hemp hurds (shives) and lime, sand, or pozzolans, which is used as a material for construction and insulation. it is marketed under names like hempcrete, canobiote, canosmose, isochanvre and isohemp. hempcrete is easier to work with than traditional lime mixe... | wikipedia |
64c460c4d189734d87f8e20d05f15a29bda83169 | karl peter andersson is a swedish professional ice | karl peter andersson is a swedish professional ice hockey defenceman, currently playing for lahti pelicans in the finnish liiga. at the 2009 nhl entry draft andersson was drafted by the vancouver canucks in the fifth round, 143rd overall. | wikipedia |
60c1561ddd8f3bd6a9b640d73bc0740a5c5d993d | during the final year of his contract with | during the final year of his contract with the canucks, in the 2014–15 season while with american hockey league affiliate, the utica comets, andersson was announced to have signed a one-year contract to return to sweden with Örebro hk on 25 march 2015. andersson remained with the comets for the remainder of the campaig... | wikipedia |
4016278a5c6a2c0abd2494cd88aca55d53361439 | karl peter andersson (born 13 april 1991) is | karl peter andersson (born 13 april 1991) is a swedish professional ice hockey defenceman, currently playing for lahti pelicans in the finnish liiga. at the 2009 nhl entry draft andersson was drafted by the vancouver canucks in the fifth round, 143rd overall. | wikipedia |
3374074da409756fb34e6f4e385bb151c717ca38 | hypericum origanifolium is a species of flowering plant | hypericum origanifolium is a species of flowering plant in the family hypericaceae. it is native to turkey, the caucasus, and northwestern syria. the species can be found in dry, often rocky, soil and on cliff slopes and ledges. | wikipedia |
e543084d23a60ef6e6ebd45bf91c0f1a7793dd72 | several phytochemicals have been found in hypericum origanifolium; | several phytochemicals have been found in hypericum origanifolium; chlorogenic acid and rutin are the most common phenols found in the plant. additionally, the species has a similar hypericin and flavonoid content to hypericum perforatum, which indicates that it could serve as a substitute for the latter species. | wikipedia |
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