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id stringlengths 40 40	title stringlengths 15 120	text stringlengths 41 3.14k	source stringclasses 2 values
66415bfb6f1d7119f4e8b41152229b16362377a0	it is a precursor to organogallium reagents. for	it is a precursor to organogallium reagents. for example, trimethylgallium, an organogallium compound used in mocvd to produce various gallium-containing semiconductors, is produced by the reaction of gallium(iii) chloride with various alkylating agents, such as dimethylzinc, trimethylaluminium, or methylmagnesium iodi...	wikipedia
2b9bef4b5b50c7f73f68c9d7fcac0b7e18b4c3bf	gallium(iii) chloride is a lewis acid catalyst, such	gallium(iii) chloride is a lewis acid catalyst, such as in the friedel–crafts reaction, which is able to substitute more common lewis acids such as ferric chloride. gallium complexes strongly with π-donors, especially silylethynes, producing a strongly electrophilic complex. these complexes are used as an alkylating ag...	wikipedia
959f0df504a8379a4035c648c503b31045f4088b	with a chloride ion as ligand the tetrahedral	with a chloride ion as ligand the tetrahedral gacl ion is produced, the 6 coordinate gacl cannot be made. compounds like kga cl that have a chloride bridged anion are known. in a molten mixture of kcl and gacl, the following equilibrium exists:	wikipedia
ff2a67fbc4ead6bf38cb51ad6d1ed3953fa8d62b	gallium is the lightest member of group 13	gallium is the lightest member of group 13 to have a full d shell, (gallium has the electronic configuration 3 d 4 s 4 p) below the valence electrons that could take part in d -π bonding with ligands.the low oxidation state of ga in ga(iii)cl, along with the low electronegativity and high polarisability, allow gacl to ...	wikipedia
7e68e853656152ca3b0aab640f0c33942ea03402	gallium(iii) chloride is a diamagnetic and deliquescent colorless	gallium(iii) chloride is a diamagnetic and deliquescent colorless white solid that melts at 77.9 °c and boils at 201 °c without decomposition to the elements. this low melting point results from the fact that it forms discrete ga cl molecules in the solid state. gallium(iii) chloride dissolves in water with the release...	wikipedia
15f910b384bfba730a1c777f8dde1adb96f9ac4c	in the gas-phase, the dimeric (ga cl) and	in the gas-phase, the dimeric (ga cl) and trigonal planar monomeric (gacl) are in a temperature-dependent equilibrium, with higher temperatures favoring the monomeric form. at 870 k, all gas-phase molecules are effectively in the monomeric form.	wikipedia
cb3dc72624a9aafbc1fecb73686fd9c5f1b8bf89	as a solid, it adopts a bitetrahedral structure	as a solid, it adopts a bitetrahedral structure with two bridging chlorides. its structure resembles that of aluminium tribromide. in contrast alcl and incl feature contain 6 coordinate metal centers. as a consequence of its molecular nature and associated low lattice energy, gallium(iii) chloride has a lower melting p...	wikipedia
8a9c013507f59378908f3bfe0b12ab312df658b4	as a lewis acid, gacl is milder than	as a lewis acid, gacl is milder than aluminium chloride. it is also easier to reduce than aluminium chloride. the coordination chemistry of ga(iii) and fe(iii) are similar, so gallium(iii) chloride has been used as a diamagnetic analogue of ferric chloride.	wikipedia
fb605b4b66e98c53d833430c1f2c120f92bb7aea	gallium(iii) chloride is an inorganic chemical compound with	gallium(iii) chloride is an inorganic chemical compound with the formula gacl which forms a monohydrate, gacl ·h o. solid gallium(iii) chloride is a deliquescent white solid and exists as a dimer with the formula ga cl. it is colourless and soluble in virtually all solvents, even alkanes, which is truly unusual for a m...	wikipedia
3ed1fdcdd4956724c7ab453f4358d5c062ec51cd	john outram is a british architect. he established	john outram is a british architect. he established a practice in london in 1974 and produced a series of buildings in which polychromy and classical allusions were well to the fore. among his works are the temple-like storm water pumping station, isle of dogs, london (1985–88), the new house at wadhurst park, sussex (1...	wikipedia
af237062a3bef7ddbcf01db6397f93f70423707b	other buildings include sphinx hill in oxfordshire (1999),	other buildings include sphinx hill in oxfordshire (1999), craft workshops, welbeck abbey, nottinghamshire (2000), and a retail development at the old town hall, the hague, the netherlands (2000), in which egyptianizing, classical, and other historical references are "treated with verve and imagination"	wikipedia
59ce2300f643bdb279ae6575b94084eab6fbb297	outram designed the new building for the computational	outram designed the new building for the computational engineering department at rice university in houston, texas, named anne and charles duncan hall in honor of outgoing chair of the university board of directors charles duncan, jr. when completed, it was the largest new building on this 100-year-old campus. it stand...	wikipedia
30437461e7008fb9fe8b3820b6a51a9042abf5bc	services, along with access ladders, were placed inside	services, along with access ladders, were placed inside hollow pillars and incorporated within what outram has called the ‘robot order’ (ordine robotico). one critic described this as "the invention of a sixth order, an act of sheer architectural terrorism', and by another as "...a collection of places, at once archaic...	wikipedia
589196a69bd0a801389da94505a417ba840b8e9d	the extensions and re-organization of digby wyatt's addenbrooke's	the extensions and re-organization of digby wyatt's addenbrooke's old hospital as the judge institute of management studies (now called the cambridge judge business school), cambridge (1993–95), combines the language of classical architecture with the engineering components necessary in a modern building.	wikipedia
ebdefe62118db69e0fbd24ec16d27baa53056dcd	in the mid 1980s, the london docklands development	in the mid 1980s, the london docklands development authority awarded contracts for three storm-water pumping stations to richard rogers, nicholas grimshaw, and outram. the buildings are unoccupied and secure. outram designed the isle of dogs pumping station, a "monumental temple" with which he hoped to situate the view...	wikipedia
65ac97147c64c765fca0b0fded471f6e513d59e6	the new house, wadhurst park in east sussex	the new house, wadhurst park in east sussex was completed in 1986 for hans rausing. it was described by a british critic as "probably the best house built since the war. it is inspired by classical proportions, yet is absolutely original." in 1999–2000 he added a millennium verandah to the house, featuring columns insp...	wikipedia
358b79586b1b79912c4e6bb4b04533e625060075	john outram (born 21 june 1934) is a	john outram (born 21 june 1934) is a british architect. he established a practice in london in 1974 and produced a series of buildings in which polychromy and classical allusions were well to the fore. among his works are the temple-like storm water pumping station, isle of dogs, london (1985–88), the new house at wadh...	wikipedia
c53b183fd3b622fca1e3be904162577609f8dc24	nikita dmitrovich chibrikov is a russian professional ice	nikita dmitrovich chibrikov is a russian professional ice hockey winger who plays for the manitoba moose in the american hockey league (ahl) as a prospect under contract to the winnipeg jets of the national hockey league (nhl). he was selected by the winnipeg jets in the second round, 50th overall, of the 2021 nhl entr...	wikipedia
bc260009fcf746e58efd25ee78e00c030b7ba7b1	following completion of the 2022–23 season, his third	following completion of the 2022–23 season, his third year in the khl, chibrikov was signed to a three-year, entry-level contract by the winnipeg jets on 1 may 2023. he was immediately assigned to join the ahl affiliate, the manitoba moose, for the remainder of their playoff run.	wikipedia
d6e01ffcc2dbbcb37a1d0aa15f2c4b2cab9f7118	nikita dmitrovich chibrikov (russian: Никита Дмитриевич Чибриков; born	nikita dmitrovich chibrikov (russian: Никита Дмитриевич Чибриков; born 16 february 2003) is a russian professional ice hockey winger who plays for the manitoba moose in the american hockey league (ahl) as a prospect under contract to the winnipeg jets of the national hockey league (nhl). he was selected by the winnipeg...	wikipedia
29acf730efaea7e6a6866c6f9515efd27dfee7af	roman polák is a czech former professional ice	roman polák is a czech former professional ice hockey defenceman. polák was drafted in the sixth round, 180th overall, at the 2004 nhl entry draft by the st. louis blues, the organization with which he spent his entire nhl career prior to joining the toronto maple leafs in 2014. he rejoined the maple leafs in 2016, aft...	wikipedia
c4e7d09418b998cce1259863b432b2b90a63e325	on 6 june 2019, polák opted to continue	on 6 june 2019, polák opted to continue his tenure in dallas, agreeing to a one-year $1.75 million extension. in the 2019–20 season, polák added veteran depth experience to the stars' blueline, adding 4 assists through 41 games before the season was suspended due to covid-19. during the nhl's hiatus, polák agreed to a ...	wikipedia
d4c67e3da6415300c3917735c5c985b9d619018c	on 1 july 2018, polák signed a one-year,	on 1 july 2018, polák signed a one-year, $1.3 million contract with the dallas stars. in the 2018–19 season, polák added a physical presence to the stars third pairing on the blueline. in 77 games he registered 1 goal and 9 points. in the post-season, polák had one assist in 13 games to help the stars advance to the we...	wikipedia
4a2f71f60327757e792e369d4822c7f763089bca	on 14 september 2017, polák signed a professional	on 14 september 2017, polák signed a professional tryout contract with the hopes to continue with the toronto maple leafs. he began the 2017–18 as a free agent but remained training with the maple leafs. on 22 october 2017, polák signed a one-year, $1.1 million contract for his fourth season with the maple leafs.	wikipedia
61e2afdad71ffdc08f9fc51a77efb9a5e7b22f5f	on 2 july 2016, polák returned to the	on 2 july 2016, polák returned to the maple leafs on a one-year contract. many considered it a strategic signing, with the rebuilding team anticipated to once again trade polák for assets at the trade deadline. however the maple leafs exceeded expectations and found themselves within the playoff race come trade deadlin...	wikipedia
61589a821e71523c05d2982720cbfce8f5242355	on 22 february 2016, polák was traded to	on 22 february 2016, polák was traded to the san jose sharks along with nick spaling in exchange for second-round draft picks in 2017 and 2018, as well as forward raffi torres. he was part of a sharks team that made their first appearance in the stanley cup finals, but came up short to the pittsburgh penguins, losing 4...	wikipedia
e5ea5b0aacdcc9ebce8280abb8bf9ecfde9a63d4	on 28 june 2014, polák was traded to	on 28 june 2014, polák was traded to the toronto maple leafs in exchange for defenseman carl gunnarsson and a 2014 fourth-round draft pick (ville husso). during his first season in toronto, polák set a career-high in goals scored (5).	wikipedia
622c3b36c4627a63c5e8ede6d09eb3a477ab067c	polák scored his first nhl goal in his	polák scored his first nhl goal in his 57th game on 20 december 2008, against the minnesota wild. he finished the season with 15 points in 69 games and was re-signed by the blues to a two-year contract on 24 july 2009. emerging as a mainstay in the blues defense and establishing himself as one of the blues' top defensi...	wikipedia
0e49fd23a520d1773542d20f0a547d1024dbfa0c	in the 2006–07 season, polák returned to north	in the 2006–07 season, polák returned to north america and appeared in his first nhl game on 9 october 2006, against the anaheim ducks. after two seasons between the blues and their affiliate, the peoria rivermen, polák made the starting roster for the blues in the 2008–09 season.	wikipedia
adb70af86d188f1174124e4d9e9cb0730c793757	polák was drafted in the sixth round, 180th	polák was drafted in the sixth round, 180th overall, in the 2004 nhl entry draft by the st. louis blues. after playing in the western hockey league (whl) in the 2004–05 season with the kootenay ice, he returned to his native czech republic to make his professional debut with hc vítkovice of the czech extraliga.	wikipedia
b4cc138d4622a075c3b3a4f494b57891660de25e	roman polák (born 28 april 1986) is a	roman polák (born 28 april 1986) is a czech former professional ice hockey defenceman. polák was drafted in the sixth round, 180th overall, at the 2004 nhl entry draft by the st. louis blues, the organization with which he spent his entire nhl career prior to joining the toronto maple leafs in 2014. he rejoined the map...	wikipedia
8fd27e22cc27495d9cf84ee0e71d31a526f1b493	lanczos did pioneering work along with g. c.	lanczos did pioneering work along with g. c. danielson on what is now called the fast fourier transform (fft, 1940), but the significance of his discovery was not appreciated at the time, and today the fft is credited to cooley and tukey (1965). (as a matter of fact, similar claims can be made for several other mathema...	wikipedia
48e82164dd22bf5af5daf27aebb7a714fe877e97	in 1956 lanczos published applied analysis. the topics	in 1956 lanczos published applied analysis. the topics covered include "algebraic equations, matrices and eigenvalue problems, large scale linear systems, harmonic analysis, data analysis, quadrature and power expansions...illustrated by numerical examples worked out in detail." the contents of the book are stylized "p...	wikipedia
2b8dfb6b6750f5813427f2b3e3fab499df9786e9	during the mccarthy era, lanczos came under suspicion	during the mccarthy era, lanczos came under suspicion for possible communist links. in 1952, he left the u.s. and moved to the school of theoretical physics at the dublin institute for advanced studies in ireland, where he succeeded erwin schrödinger and stayed until his death in 1974.	wikipedia
7c52e9f4e95b1d17f801b7423b424552a6d46497	in 1927 lanczos married maria rupp. he was	in 1927 lanczos married maria rupp. he was offered a one-year visiting professorship from purdue university. for a dozen years (1927–39) lanczos split his life between two continents. his wife maria rupp stayed with lanczos' parents in székesfehérvár year-around while lanczos went to purdue for half the year, teaching ...	wikipedia
96e03201e6fd1ba8dd0bfcb1c48777585ade5714	in 1924 he discovered an exact solution of	in 1924 he discovered an exact solution of the einstein field equation representing a cylindrically symmetric rigidly rotating configuration of dust particles. this was later rediscovered by willem jacob van stockum and is known today as the van stockum dust. it is one of the simplest known exact solutions in general r...	wikipedia
91b55341e39520b9c261867973bf96b104dac9a6	he was born in fehérvár (alba regia), fejér	he was born in fehérvár (alba regia), fejér county, kingdom of hungary to jewish parents, károly lőwy and adél hahn. lanczos' ph.d. thesis (1921) was on relativity theory. he sent his thesis copy to albert einstein, and einstein wrote back, saying: "i studied your paper as far as my present overload allowed. i believe ...	wikipedia
2aced76e33f157fb7648f68e1d7f2f9b6e0ed8c4	cornelius (cornel) lanczos (hungarian: lánczos kornél, pronounced; born	cornelius (cornel) lanczos (hungarian: lánczos kornél, pronounced; born as kornél lőwy, until 1906: löwy (lőwy) kornél; february 2, 1893 – june 25, 1974) was a hungarian-jewish, hungarian-american and later hungarian-irish mathematician and physicist. according to györgy marx he was one of the martians.	wikipedia
282fc568be481a3c571b2f05e51fc94484adca45	agarose is a heteropolysaccharide, generally extracted from certain	agarose is a heteropolysaccharide, generally extracted from certain red algae. it is a linear polymer made up of the repeating unit of agarobiose, which is a disaccharide made up of d-galactose and 3,6-anhydro-l-galactopyranose. agarose is one of the two principal components of agar, and is purified from agar by removi...	wikipedia
2ff6930dc7d35374533d5c2e93d51c7c301bdda6	agarose is sometimes used instead of agar to	agarose is sometimes used instead of agar to measure microorganism motility and mobility. motile species will be able to migrate, albeit slowly, throughout the porous gel and infiltration rates can then be visualized. the gel's porosity is directly related to the concentration of agar or agarose in the medium, so diffe...	wikipedia