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55ebf6d9c1a3fce3d7e0a969041a861f53f4ad55
the sam originally used citizen 3.5 inch slimline
the sam originally used citizen 3.5 inch slimline drives which slotted in below the keyboard to provide front-facing slots. like ide hard disks, these enclosures contained not just the drives but also the drive controllers, a wd1772-02, with the effect that the sam could use both drives simultaneously.
wikipedia
73dba3f0a2c88908d411913158f73b3315d59566
the basic was very advanced and included code
the basic was very advanced and included code for sprite drawing and basic vector shapes such as lines and circles. the screen co-ordinate system for these was variable and could be arbitrarily scaled and centred. a provision for "recording" sequences of graphics commands so that they could later be repeated without th...
wikipedia
93caec241c82e41501b33b6fc0071366b722e86e
the machine shipped with 32 kb of rom
the machine shipped with 32 kb of rom containing code to boot the machine and a basic interpreter (sam basic) written by andrew wright and heavily influenced by his earlier beta basic for the zx spectrum. the roms contained only the bootstrap code and the dos was instead loaded from disk using the boot command, or the ...
wikipedia
05dc246cb28565e6f9a3c2a0273ef47f6b40cb63
six channels of 8- octave stereo sound are
six channels of 8- octave stereo sound are provided by a philips saa1099 sound and noise generator chip. the machine allows for the playback of sound samples under software control as well as supporting four-channel amiga tracker modules at 3-bit sample resolution of 10.4khz and 4-bit at 15.625 khz.
wikipedia
cc94b8bca3ee8e4456b275ef037b498f20a18e7f
the utility tapes and samdos disk operating system
the utility tapes and samdos disk operating system media included an international character font loader to allow additional characters to be loaded into the block graphics region starting at 128 (0x80). this meant the cursor characters were overwritten so the accompanying basic loader set the cursor to * and + for low...
wikipedia
4a771e72ec09509840d318802da272d382d4cb1a
when in basic, the cursor is composed of
when in basic, the cursor is composed of the blocks off characters (128/129) for lower and upper case respectively regardless of current blocks setting, so overwriting these positions will also change the cursor. if this is undesirable, then systems variable (svar) 1 can be set to a 2-character value for the new lower ...
wikipedia
69fb0794262d76253f3521f810004c7ddf3ec94e
the character set includes block graphics and international
the character set includes block graphics and international characters. font size can be altered to make text display in 32, 64, or 85 columns, and double height characters are also possible. users can freely define their own characters by creating user defined graphics (udgs). a large number of character codes (144 to...
wikipedia
9768aa0c47440993ea2d6263af4ad16e4341f4b4
while the main 256 × 192 area of
while the main 256 × 192 area of the screen was being drawn, the processor could only access memory in 1 out of every 8 t-states. during the border area this was 1 out of every 4 t-states, which had no effect on the many instructions whose timings were a multiple of 4. in modes 3 and 4 the display could be disabled com...
wikipedia
56102a3fc3722b46c7d2d0efd56af59e4e3f3bc4
the penalty of memory contention delay applied to
the penalty of memory contention delay applied to all memory accesses to ram, and not just to memory associated with the video circuitry (as in the case of the zx spectrum). hardware sprites and scrolling would have greatly improved the performance of games, unfortunately there was insufficient wafer space on the vlsi ...
wikipedia
c1fece45e9177a09fcf9372e26c9993f2dbf67b8
access to internal ram was shared between the
access to internal ram was shared between the display and the cpu, with cpu accesses incurring a speed penalty (memory contention) as it was forced to waited for isochronous asic memory-accesses to complete. as a result, the sam coupé's cpu effectively ran only around 14% faster than the zx spectrum cpu, yet was requir...
wikipedia
b8088846f8dd845cb9b3c56ae7b9dc7a9be1e567
the asic can be configured to generate interrupts
the asic can be configured to generate interrupts when a line on the display is starting to be emitted, allowing video effects to be synchronised with specific display lines with little effort. by default, it will generate an interrupt for every frame. typically this interrupt is used to double buffer the frame, read t...
wikipedia
3c2360db0fb4a764657e519c0bffdb3d142260ff
all modes use palette-based colour look-up tables, selecting
all modes use palette-based colour look-up tables, selecting from a palette of 128 colours. the palette values consist of 2 bits for each of the red, green and blue components as well as an extra bit which increases the intensity of all three components by a half-step (a 'brightness' bit).
wikipedia
54d2a900a70a40046e73b6c7c6535e1d828410c9
the 'attribute' modes borrow their design from the
the 'attribute' modes borrow their design from the zx spectrum, where a bitmap is used to select between a paper and ink colour from two groups of eight colours. the group to use is selected by a 'brightness' flag. the colour block can also be set to 'flash' - that is, alternate between the two colours used for paper a...
wikipedia
92b952b25271e0a694fda70d33fb2e8f4d193b72
the sam coupé was designed primarily for the
the sam coupé was designed primarily for the uk market, and is designed around the pal television standard, which refreshes at 50 frames per second. unlike a standard pal signal which is interleaved, the sam is designed to emit two identically positioned fields at 50 fps, giving something closer to a 312 lines progress...
wikipedia
fbdf8b09cdc5e0533403ece768a11dff317dc001
the basic sam coupé model has 256 kib
the basic sam coupé model has 256 kib of ram, internally upgradable to 512 kib via a connector on the main board accessible via a trapdoor underneath, and externally up to an additional 4 mib, added in 1 mib packs via the euroconnector on the back of the system.
wikipedia
fde8516eb9df4d6d02e0b89e3746d673717263f5
the machine is based around a z80b cpu
the machine is based around a z80b cpu clocked at 6 mhz and a 10,000-gate asic. the asic performs a similar role in the computer to the ula in the zx spectrum. the z80b cpu accesses selected parts of the large memory space in its 64 kb address space by slicing it into 16 kb banks and using i/o registers to select the m...
wikipedia
c1b9ddb3fa464ce39ecb39b6da3705ed098d380d
the sam coupé's hardware was designed by bruce
the sam coupé's hardware was designed by bruce gordon of miles gordon technology. the computer included custom silicon to handle display, memory and io functionality. this was originally prototyped using wire-wrapped 7400-series logic chips, before being produced as a vlsi vgt-200 gate array asic.
wikipedia
3c04c31d0be26dfda4352560422b2d76f28325de
when mgt went into receivership in june 1990
when mgt went into receivership in june 1990 two further attempts were made to restart the computer and brand, firstly under sam computers limited and then in november 1992 under west coast computers, a company spun from format publications which lasted until liquidation in 2005.
wikipedia
65f9ee9d35928c3d3b97b637677501be30cbe0e6
it was based on and designed to have
it was based on and designed to have a compatibility mode with the zx spectrum 48k with influences from the loki project and marketed as a logical upgrade from the spectrum with increased memory, graphical and sound capabilities, native peripheral support (floppy disk, midi, joystick, light pen / light gun and a propri...
wikipedia
df1d347bb017be734b0cd79f015074ed9d584562
the sam coupé (pronounced /sæm ku:peɪ/ from its
the sam coupé (pronounced /sæm ku:peɪ/ from its original british english branding) is an 8-bit british home computer manufactured by miles gordon technology (mgt), based in swansea in the united kingdom and released in december 1989.
wikipedia
2281289d1303b7e583db840485f551bdfd9c7be1
barcelona continued the frustrating run of league title
barcelona continued the frustrating run of league title drought, finishing just fourth in la liga, despite having bought marc overmars and emmanuel petit for a total of £54m in transfer fees in the summer of 2000. barcelona also controversially sold luís figo to arch-rivals real madrid in july 2000 and thus creating se...
wikipedia
2281289d1303b7e583db840485f551bdfd9c7be1
barcelona continued the frustrating run of league title
barcelona continued the frustrating run of league title drought, finishing just fourth in la liga, despite having bought marc overmars and emmanuel petit for a total of £54m in transfer fees in the summer of 2000. barcelona also controversially sold luís figo to arch-rivals real madrid in july 2000 and thus creating se...
wikipedia
93ebd4231ce919e31732da85324e35924b5fbc0c
sabiha kasimati was an albanian professor of biology
sabiha kasimati was an albanian professor of biology and ichthyologist, cited as one of the first women scientists in albania. she was arrested by the communist regime on 20 february 1951, after the bombing of the soviet embassy, and a few days later was executed without trial along with 21 other intellectuals.
wikipedia
a1a61fb7e0d10cdbf7becea9c3fe94065227b1f3
kasimati is credited with creating the idea of
kasimati is credited with creating the idea of an albania's national museum of science. in october 2018, it was announced that the albanian national museum of science would be named for and that an area of the museum would be set aside for her life story and sacrifice.
wikipedia
4d3740b3df8f6824fdf78846cee3cdca71623a34
her work was published but not under her
her work was published but not under her name. "fishes of albania" documented the fish of albanian lakes, rivers and the seas and it was publicised under the name of the russian scientist anatoly poliakov and two albanian researchers in 1955.
wikipedia
e07867165504ce51d16af76711c8bd53282c1c99
mehmet shehu, then minister of internal affairs, was
mehmet shehu, then minister of internal affairs, was personally involved in the brief investigation of kasimati. on march 5, the then minister of justice, manol konomi, was fired for disagreeing with the violation of legality and the fabrication of a trial that had not previously taken place for those 22 people already...
wikipedia
e92d9dfa3f2d6c795e3a48a39349147ba7e5a98c
on 19 february 1951, a small amount of
on 19 february 1951, a small amount of dynamite (which was considered a bomb) was thrown in the yard of the soviet embassy in tirana. several dozen albanians were arrested and after investigations, tortures of all kinds during 2–3 days, only 22 people were separated. among them was sabiha kasimati, for whom the authori...
wikipedia
54031a98e105ba33c3d0dba8c4593b80ce83f70f
kasimati had long opposed many of the policies
kasimati had long opposed many of the policies of the post-war communist regime, especially after the elimination and internment of some albanian intellectuals, who often had nothing to do with the political opponents of the ppsh. one such case that shocked her was the shooting of the scientist and professor selaudin t...
wikipedia
16997a3bc7d6f5874312509e6cc91a982385fc01
in 1949, the department of natural sciences carried
in 1949, the department of natural sciences carried out a long study expedition in the areas of kukës, bicaj, pukë, burrel, qafë-shtamë; bogë, and theth, thus realizing a verification of previous findings regarding the ichthyofauna of albanian waters. at the end of this expedition, kasimati managed to describe the repr...
wikipedia
060459358a3c45eef3a1e2a6535857b8667bb34f
kasimati managed to write a long programmatic article
kasimati managed to write a long programmatic article entitled "problems of fish and fisheries in our country", published in the bulletin of the institute in no. 2-3 of 1948. in that long technical-scientific article, she treated analytically the ichthyological wealth of the country, according to the areas, the problem...
wikipedia
02e835dc8128d535423bcf24acf6dba86e4cf015
kasimati managed to write a long programmatic article
fish reached 3238-4881 quintal, mostly in the narta area, while in other areas with even greater potential, such as the butrint area, due to the lack of modern fishing boats or other equipment, this figures did not exceed 7–8% of the narta area, thus maintaining a very important economic reserve. a negative phenomenon...
wikipedia
63b63720f6c339426d7975d994900ff4b174783e
after the end of the second world war,
after the end of the second world war, kasimati decided to return to her homeland in 1947, while the communists had just come to power in the country. with the establishment of the institute of studies, she is immediately appointed as a scientific specialist. a year later, when the institute is renamed the institute of...
wikipedia
0f0a44f43f74e40ce3f525f4fd38c585ad08aa11
upon returning to her homeland, kasimati was appointed
upon returning to her homeland, kasimati was appointed a teacher at the women's institute "nana mbretëreshë", which after the italian occupation was named "donika kastrioti". in parallel with her pedagogical work, she gave an important place in her life and in her scientific activity to the study of the biology of sea ...
wikipedia
42b540afab85828df3a44c6a517b1e16415e6398
in 1936 she was able to fulfill her
in 1936 she was able to fulfill her desire for higher studies. the albanian state awarded her a scholarship to the university of turin, at the faculty of biological sciences, which she successfully completed with full and excellent grades. in the summer of 1941, she defended her doctorate, with the topic: "fauna ittica...
wikipedia
964c619775811028bfd316532937ba752ee71f6d
after settling in korçë, she began her studies
after settling in korçë, she began her studies at the national lyceum, also known as the french lyceum, a name which had left from the time of the first world war where the french presence. language and its culture in the city were quite significant. one of her classmates was the future dictator enver hoxha. in 1930 sh...
wikipedia
7a5e3e4b1aba7c4f10b57caa762b5a4507fd9883
kasimati came from a well-known intellectual family originated
kasimati came from a well-known intellectual family originated from libohova. she was born on 15 september 1912 in edirne in the ottoman empire (today turkey) to abdurrahman kasimati and zehra mbreshtani. sabiha was the youngest of her five siblings. her father, abdurrahman, had completed his university studies in medi...
wikipedia
863fb07a3cbbc449d63d780029c76daa63d29e16
sabiha kasimati (15 september 1912 – 26 february
sabiha kasimati (15 september 1912 – 26 february 1951) was an albanian professor of biology and ichthyologist, cited as one of the first women scientists in albania. she was arrested by the communist regime on 20 february 1951, after the bombing of the soviet embassy, and a few days later was executed without trial alo...
wikipedia
cf9cb914fdf4a91c9d1846434041fd8a7536ab78
transonic flow is air flowing around an object
transonic flow is air flowing around an object at a speed that generates regions of both subsonic and supersonic airflow around that object. the exact range of speeds depends on the object's critical mach number, but transonic flow is seen at flight speeds close to the speed of sound, typically between mach 0.8 and 1.2...
wikipedia
453386d721f995f09a6d4625c972268fb8e87fb4
the outflows or jets from young stellar objects
the outflows or jets from young stellar objects or disks around black holes can also be transonic since they start subsonically and at a far distance they are invariably supersonic. supernovae explosions are accompanied by supersonic flows and shock waves. bow shocks formed in solar winds are a direct result of transon...
wikipedia
7c5f2d53ea9989a97478bc0881fc414acbea9858
in astrophysics, wherever there is evidence of shocks
in astrophysics, wherever there is evidence of shocks (standing, propagating or oscillating), the flow close by must be transonic, as only supersonic flows form shocks. all black hole accretions are transonic. many such flows also have shocks very close to the black holes.
wikipedia
e41d88e21b4db68546ecba150be6a7a2d5f90480
at transonic speeds supersonic expansion fans form intense
at transonic speeds supersonic expansion fans form intense low-pressure, low-temperature areas at various points around an aircraft. if the temperature drops below the dew point a visible cloud will form. these clouds remain with the aircraft as it travels. it is not necessary for the aircraft as a whole to reach super...
wikipedia
3b1fcd60c0b412ebdc66a93bf411265916b9a2e4
although successful, guderley's work was still focused on
although successful, guderley's work was still focused on the theoretical, and only resulted in a single solution for a double wedge airfoil at mach 1. walter vincenti, an american engineer at ames laboratory, aimed to supplement guderley's mach 1 work with numerical solutions that would cover the range of transonic sp...
wikipedia
8813f01e03e410e091c55619ca1a65dab84e456f
gottfried guderley, a german mathematician and engineer at
gottfried guderley, a german mathematician and engineer at braunschweig, discovered tricomi's work in the process of applying the hodograph method to transonic flow near the end of world war ii. he focused on the nonlinear thin-airfoil compressible flow equations, the same as what tricomi derived, though his goal of us...
wikipedia
102d96541a7ba62098d8a6ae2c0fbda7e79b5447
one of the first methods used to circumvent
one of the first methods used to circumvent the nonlinearity of transonic flow models was the hodograph transformation. this concept was originally explored in 1923 by an italian mathematician named francesco tricomi, who used the transformation to simplify the compressible flow equations and prove that they were solva...
wikipedia
a1011b8ecd0f60cb8a35a234ab7fafbcbac0d055
prior to the advent of powerful computers, even
prior to the advent of powerful computers, even the simplest forms of the compressible flow equations were difficult to solve due to their nonlinearity. a common assumption used to circumvent this nonlinearity is that disturbances within the flow are relatively small, which allows mathematicians and engineers to linear...
wikipedia
aa92d6eb9d3c0c4701052229b20105fa57916e4e
after world war ii, major changes in aircraft
after world war ii, major changes in aircraft design were seen to improve transonic flight. the main way to stabilize an aircraft was to reduce the speed of the airflow around the wings by changing the chord of the plane wings, and one solution to prevent transonic waves was swept wings. since the airflow would hit the...
wikipedia
f5d0f027784fa9cf21bed34eeaa4784fe769cad8
initially, naca designed "dive flaps" to help stabilize
initially, naca designed "dive flaps" to help stabilize the plane when reaching transonic flight. this small flap on the underside of the plane slowed the plane to prevent shock waves, but this design only delayed finding a solution to aircraft flying at supersonic speed. newer wind tunnels were designed, so researcher...
wikipedia
ab9ab8442e8986d2007b9e4ec7e3cd355f97115c
issues with aircraft flight relating to speed first
issues with aircraft flight relating to speed first appeared during the supersonic era in 1941. ralph virden, a test pilot, crashed in a fatal plane accident. he lost control of the plane when a shock wave caused by supersonic airflow developed over the wing, causing it to stall. virden flew well below the speed of sou...
wikipedia
7bd0c6c652d10d1b6ae5efbe345781877424dd47
transonic speeds can also occur at the tips
transonic speeds can also occur at the tips of rotor blades of helicopters and aircraft. this puts severe, unequal stresses on the rotor blade and may lead to accidents if it occurs. it is one of the limiting factors of the size of rotors and the forward speeds of helicopters (as this speed is added to the forward-swee...
wikipedia
8b146893b627ae44deae0e0da5a4303ffa77795d
most modern jet powered aircraft are engineered to
most modern jet powered aircraft are engineered to operate at transonic air speeds. transonic airspeeds see a rapid increase in drag from about mach 0.8, and it is the fuel costs of the drag that typically limits the airspeed. attempts to reduce wave drag can be seen on all high-speed aircraft. most notable is the use ...
wikipedia
7a8bf6ea45b088eba9b4ff7bbf36b4217bacc1ba
the issue of transonic speed (or transonic region)
the issue of transonic speed (or transonic region) first appeared during world war ii. pilots found as they approached the sound barrier the airflow caused aircraft to become unsteady. experts found that shock waves can cause large-scale separation downstream, increasing drag, adding asymmetry and unsteadiness to the f...
wikipedia
a7977e2cf881dcd3f4e898367d04c1e98a04f345
transonic (or transsonic) flow is air flowing around
transonic (or transsonic) flow is air flowing around an object at a speed that generates regions of both subsonic and supersonic airflow around that object. the exact range of speeds depends on the object's critical mach number, but transonic flow is seen at flight speeds close to the speed of sound (343 m/s at sea lev...
wikipedia
3486daca0b13d4f5bb8d00449a39bd969ad65a75
on may 22, 1994, ogura debuted for japan
on may 22, 1994, ogura debuted for japan national team against australia. on may 29, ogura scored a goal against france. he also played at 1994 asian games. he played 5 games and scored 1 goal for japan in 1994.
wikipedia
335e40212941a01a5adfaca6419254d79d272e88
ogura was born in suzuka on july 6,
ogura was born in suzuka on july 6, 1973. after graduating from high school, he joined nagoya grampus eight in 1992. in 1993, he moved to eerste divisie club excelsior on loan. he returned nagoya in 1994. in 1995, the club won emperor's cup first major title in club history. at final, he scored 2 goals against sanfrecc...
wikipedia
cea7c986ef40380c69b3f55a9591ac4411cb9080
when heated to decomposition or exposed to humidity,
when heated to decomposition or exposed to humidity, iron nitride may emit toxic fumes of ammonia. it is considered a moderate explosion hazard. inhalation of iron nitride dust or powder may cause irritation to the respiratory system and possibly acute iron poisoning or pneumoconiosis.
wikipedia
faeb1504b181dc623baed553d7fa4e836772922e
iron has five nitrides observed at ambient conditions,
iron has five nitrides observed at ambient conditions, fe n, fe n, fe n, fe n and fe n. they are crystalline, metallic solids. group 7 and group 8 transition metals form nitrides that decompose at relatively low temperatures—iron nitride, fe n decomposes with loss of molecular nitrogen at around 400 °c and formation of...
wikipedia
82d80be28242079904c71a041c5170993f3ea1f8
stefan ritt is a german physicist and head
stefan ritt is a german physicist and head of the muon physics group at the paul scherrer institute, aargau, switzerland. he is member of the meg experiment and co-spokesperson of the mu3e experiment. he is best known for the development of the drs4 switched capacitor array chip, as primary author of the midas data acq...
wikipedia
d39f24a5c340a1573385eb1b2c63dd3de42f7ccf
stefan ritt is a german physicist and head
stefan ritt is a german physicist and head of the muon physics group at the paul scherrer institute, aargau, switzerland. he is member of the meg experiment and co-spokesperson of the mu3e experiment. he is best known for the development of the drs4 switched capacitor array chip, as primary author of the midas data acq...
wikipedia
7bb702ac7ec6bc329256f7b728740a29df6f8070
at the junior level, Ķēniņš played for latvia
at the junior level, Ķēniņš played for latvia in two iihf world u18 championships (second tier division i play) and two iihf world u20 championships (one year in division i and another in the top tier). he made his debut with latvia's men's team at the 2011 iihf world championship and has gone on to play in 2012, 2013 ...
wikipedia
4d8e6de94bd02639812429bc0ad6ddc4ee9a3629
on april 28, 2018, Ķēniņš signed a three-year
on april 28, 2018, Ķēniņš signed a three-year contract with fellow national league club, lausanne hc. on may 8, 2021, he signed a five-year contract extension. on december 29, 2022, Ķēniņš was loaned to hc sierre of the swiss league (sl).
wikipedia
91045aaec1e40d5221da9787b59df86872a56b25
on august 17, 2016, Ķēniņš agreed as a
on august 17, 2016, Ķēniņš agreed as a free agent to a two-year contract with his former team, the zsc lions of the nl. Ķēniņš plays with a swiss player-license and is not considered an import player in the nl.
wikipedia
caad84a40bd93eab605b7d525f0a04245c2d9391
Ķēniņš moved to north america for the 2014–15
Ķēniņš moved to north america for the 2014–15 season and was assigned to the canucks' american hockey league (ahl) affiliate, the utica comets. after being called up midway through the season, Ķēniņš made his nhl debut on january 30, 2015, against the buffalo sabres (a team that featured fellow latvian zemgus girgenson...
wikipedia
cecee4480afc326d75c5bd4bd8f28777f36ed993
Ķēniņš played junior hockey in latvia and switzerland.
Ķēniņš played junior hockey in latvia and switzerland. at 17 years of age, he started his professional career with gck lions of the national league b (nlb), switzerland's second-tier league, in 2008–09. after three seasons with the lions organization, Ķēniņš joined zsc lions of the top-tier national league a (nla). fol...
wikipedia
69c6c96fcf088a85430e72e9ba31167b3bd9ab9c
ronalds Ķēniņš (born february 28, 1991) is a
ronalds Ķēniņš (born february 28, 1991) is a latvian professional ice hockey forward for lausanne hc of the national league (nl). he previously played for the vancouver canucks of the national hockey league (nhl).
wikipedia
7a2c0d154d8074fd8d0dfca8d2ee249b47afe757
cadmium telluride (cdte) is a stable crystalline compound
cadmium telluride (cdte) is a stable crystalline compound formed from cadmium and tellurium. it is mainly used as the semiconducting material in cadmium telluride photovoltaics and an infrared optical window. it is usually sandwiched with cadmium sulfide to form a p–n junction solar pv cell.
wikipedia
0def70798710ad39bff46ec507e11bbcdfa1dfc3
at the present time, the prices of the
at the present time, the prices of the raw materials cadmium and tellurium are a negligible proportion of the cost of cdte solar cells and other cdte devices. however, tellurium is a relatively rare element (1–5 parts per billion in the earth's crust; see abundances of the elements (data page)). through improved materi...
wikipedia
57082c357ef61a8f5b495cfa4aa0d6283f0924b4
brookhaven national laboratory (bnl) and the u.s. department
brookhaven national laboratory (bnl) and the u.s. department of energy (doe) arenominating cadmium telluride (cdte) for inclusion in the national toxicology program (ntp). this nomination is strongly supported by the national renewable energy laboratory (nrel) and first solar inc. the material has the potential for wid...
wikipedia
faa038c162ae6591e654ba2d7dd93adec0f64a4a
the compound cdte has different qualities than the
the compound cdte has different qualities than the two elements, cadmium and tellurium, taken separately. cdte has low acute inhalation, oral, and aquatic toxicity, and is negative in the ames mutagenicity test. based on notification of these results to the european chemicals agency (echa), cdte is no longer classified...
wikipedia
8bd40e5a1a201c8c27c62e3796b157a9826499cd
cdte is insoluble in water. cdte has a
cdte is insoluble in water. cdte has a high melting point of 1,041 °c (1,906 °f) with evaporation starting at 1,050 °c (1,920 °f). cdte has a vapor pressure of zero at ambient temperatures. cdte is more stable than its parent compounds cadmium and tellurium and most other cd compounds, due to its high melting point and...
wikipedia
584c7f08a7a1984f04c486265568892e7e29c1f8
bulk cdte is transparent in the infrared, from
bulk cdte is transparent in the infrared, from close to its band gap energy (1.5 ev at 300 k, which corresponds to infrared wavelength of about 830 nm) out to wavelengths greater than 20 μm; correspondingly, cdte is fluorescent at 790 nm. as the size of cdte crystals are reduced to a few nanometers or less, thus making...
wikipedia
73834f2aa9b07ce0e8cb6dcb74cf270de9e858f3
cdte doped with chlorine is used as a
cdte doped with chlorine is used as a radiation detector for x-rays, gamma rays, beta particles and alpha particles. cdte can operate at room temperature allowing the construction of compact detectors for a wide variety of applications in nuclear spectroscopy. the properties that make cdte superior for the realization ...
wikipedia
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cdte is used as an infrared optical material
cdte is used as an infrared optical material for optical windows and lenses and is proven to provide a good performance across a wide range of temperatures. an early form of cdte for ir use was marketed under the trademarked name of irtran-6, but this is obsolete.
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beddcc7aa5c097d7cbfe713e2c2e879bcb3037ad
cdte is used to make thin film solar
cdte is used to make thin film solar cells, accounting for about 8% of all solar cells installed in 2011. they are among the lowest-cost types of solar cell, although a comparison of total installed cost depends on installation size and many other factors, and has changed rapidly from year to year. the cdte solar cell ...
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7a2c0d154d8074fd8d0dfca8d2ee249b47afe757
cadmium telluride (cdte) is a stable crystalline compound
cadmium telluride (cdte) is a stable crystalline compound formed from cadmium and tellurium. it is mainly used as the semiconducting material in cadmium telluride photovoltaics and an infrared optical window. it is usually sandwiched with cadmium sulfide to form a p–n junction solar pv cell.
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d2a5d551187520c7a7a65d9e3d7e972e3fae451b
she was a part of spain's u-17 national
she was a part of spain's u-17 national team that won the 2018 u-17 european championship. by winning the u-17 championship, spain automatically qualified for the 2018 u17 world cup. fernandez played every match for the spanish side that won the tournament, the first world cup won by spanish women in any age category.
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554f4f7b0902ed34fe628fb47add2bdeab19d3c7
fernández scored her first goal for barcelona in
fernández scored her first goal for barcelona in 2021 in a 9–1 win against deportivo alavés. on 14 february 2022, the club announced that fernández had torn the cruciate ligament of her right knee and would be out for the rest of the 2021–22 season. she finished her season with 18 total appearances and two goals. injur...
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on 10 march 2021, she made her first
on 10 march 2021, she made her first start in the uefa women's champions league in a 5–0 win against danish side fortuna hjørring. barcelona went on to win the champions league that year for the first time in their history. fernández made 16 league appearances in her first senior season, a competition that barcelona al...
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453e02539ce70f8a11d992b501166c6552cb89bd
fernández made her debut for barcelona in november
fernández made her debut for barcelona in november 2018 at 16 years and 9 months, while she was still playing with the club's juvenil-cadet section. she was the club's second-youngest debutant after fc barcelona femení 's professionalization in 2015.
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quantum quest: a cassini space odyssey is a
quantum quest: a cassini space odyssey is a 2010 animated educational documentary science fiction adventure film, written by harry 'doc' kloor and directed by kloor and dan st. pierre, that takes the viewer on an atomic adventure in space. the voice cast originally included christian slater, john travolta, samuel l. ja...
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the film premiered at the klik! amsterdam animation
the film premiered at the klik! amsterdam animation festival in september 2010. it had imax screenings at the kentucky science center in louisville, kentucky from january 22, 2011, through june 10, 2011.
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the score to quantum quest: a cassini space
the score to quantum quest: a cassini space odyssey was composed by shawn k. clement, who recorded his score with an 80-piece ensemble of the skywalker symphony orchestra at the skywalker scoring stage north of san francisco. clement integrated sounds and space noise provided by nasa into the music, and served as post ...
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working on two continents, taiwan based digimax undertook
working on two continents, taiwan based digimax undertook the entire animation pre-production and production task in taiwan with a team of international artists, while dr. kloor and his jupiter 9 productions assembled a stellar voice cast, produced all talent recordings and, in concert with the film’s composer shawn cl...
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dr. kloor started development of the quantum quest
dr. kloor started development of the quantum quest film project in 1996, a year before the launch of the cassini–huygens mission. in 2007, digimax, inc., one of asia ’s leading 3d animation studios, committed to financing the film and providing animation. actual production on the film could not begin until the cassini-...
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setting yet another precedent, quantum quest is the
setting yet another precedent, quantum quest is the only film featuring neil armstrong, the first man to walk on the moon, who lends his voice to dr. jack morrow, a person who serves as one of four distinguished education ambassadors. other educational ambassadors are nasa 's liaison on the film, charles kohlhase, who ...
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though other missions have been seen in film
though other missions have been seen in film projects, this is the first where nasa initiated the project with an independent filmmaker in order to create an animated fiction film to be based upon on-going missions, science, and discovery. the animated educational film interweaves actual space imagery captured from ong...
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he gets inside the cassini craft and encounters
he gets inside the cassini craft and encounters the ship's computer, gal 2000 (voiced by sandra oh), who, in the course of determining the danger, teaches david about spectra, the mission of the spacecraft, different radiation bands used for remote sensing, etc. in the end, they save the antenna of the ship from a beam...
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in the process of escaping viewers learn about
in the process of escaping viewers learn about the fundamental modes of motion and introduce basic quantum concepts. the message scroll is partially damaged, so david does not know who the space commander is, but he knows that he needs to get to the cassini spacecraft, because something bad will happen.
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david's journey takes him through the solar system,
david's journey takes him through the solar system, to an exploration of the moons of saturn. eventually he finds milton (voiced by robert picardo), an older photon character who is mining for free quarks. milton teaches david introductory material about electrons, protons, quarks, etc. the two evade the evil/comical f...
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261d64a22803e7de9218e613f6ea540a7ff117eb
back in the sun, david is kicking solid
back in the sun, david is kicking solid light sculptures into a plasma fountain. the ranger crashes through the wall into david, followed by some imaginary creatures called gell-mann ghosts. the ranger is trying to get to saturn (other side of the sun), to deliver a message to the cassini space core commander. the gell...
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we cut to the kuiper belt where a
we cut to the kuiper belt where a large space battle rages between two fleets – one composed of protons, and the opposing fleet of anti-protons. a character we call "the ranger (voiced by amanda peet), who is a neutrino scout, makes it through the battle lines and heads to the sun.
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the scene fades through a plasma wall, into
the scene fades through a plasma wall, into "the hall of destiny" where we are introduced to the main character in the story – david (voiced by chris pine), a young photon who should have begun his travel to the surface a million years ago. the core, tries to get him moving on his journey, but david is fearful.
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as he speaks, we transfer to the sun,
as he speaks, we transfer to the sun, and watching a sunspot spin into view, we dive into and pass through the chromosphere, and head toward the center. the mentor lays down the basis of our story as we travel through the sun. he explains that the "man in the sun is called the core (voiced by william shatner)" and spin...
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the story begins with the cassini saturn spacecraft
the story begins with the cassini saturn spacecraft releasing the huygens titan probe. the scene is then transposed to earth, where a 12-year-old girl, jeana (voiced by abigail breslin), places a sun filter over a telescope to view sun spots. she asks her mentor, a professor (voiced by neil armstrong) "why is the sun s...
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859e03d844a7b63ef426f261c7d6e8ab41473a91
the voice cast originally included christian slater, john
the voice cast originally included christian slater, john travolta, samuel l. jackson, sarah michelle gellar, michael york, and james earl jones, but the cast changed in 2008, reflecting a new script that detailed a host of new discoveries made by the cassini–huygens mission to saturn. using a cast of major actors to p...
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b89714e9d7eba9aa9f2d73387ba0eef2d508d14c
quantum quest: a cassini space odyssey (originally titled
quantum quest: a cassini space odyssey (originally titled as 2004: a light knight's odyssey) is a 2010 animated educational documentary science fiction adventure film, written by harry 'doc' kloor and directed by kloor and dan st. pierre, that takes the viewer on an atomic adventure in space.
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olga ehrenhaft-steindler was an austrian physicist and science
olga ehrenhaft-steindler was an austrian physicist and science teacher. in 1903, she became the first woman to earn a physics doctorate at the university of vienna. she established the first wiener handelsakademie für mädchen, as well as a grammar school for girls, in 1907.
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she was diagnosed with breast cancer in 1929.
she was diagnosed with breast cancer in 1929. she had surgery, but never fully recovered. olga ehrenhaft-steindler acquired pneumonia in 1933 and died on 21 december that year from lung embolism, aged 54.
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432bccc8dfed4d491a08841ce4b97f0594396910
olga ehrenhaft-steindler was awarded the austrian honorary title
olga ehrenhaft-steindler was awarded the austrian honorary title regierungsrat in 1927 or 1928 for her commitment to girls' and women's education, which was a rare distinction for women at the time, and the honorary title hofrat in 1931.
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in 1908, she married her former fellow student,
in 1908, she married her former fellow student, physicist felix ehrenhaft. they had two children, johannes leopold friedrich, born on 10 october 1915, and anna maria luise, born 19 february 1917. both emigrated to the united states in the 1930s.
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for some years, olga steindler gave science lectures
for some years, olga steindler gave science lectures for women and girls on physics experiments, electricity, and other topics. she also taught at a girls' gymnasium (roughly equivalent to a preparatory high school or a grammar school) in vienna. in 1907, she founded a girls' gymnasium in leopoldstadt, vienna, and the ...
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