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e2ceea556e53486d287a159d6f6b83cda2b7b255
by october 2021, when the new zealand government
by october 2021, when the new zealand government announced that fully vaccinated people could home quarantine when returning to the country, jackson said this could risk the health system being overwhelmed, but the key was to get everyone vaccinated, and this needed to be mandatory for more sectors.
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3b3d52a6585eca14c21493d21f5b9116c7b81aea
as the covid-19 vaccine rollout got underway in
as the covid-19 vaccine rollout got underway in new zealand, jackson commented in november 2021 that even if the target of getting 90% of the eligible population vaccinated was achieved, it would still not be high enough because a quarter of the people in the country would remain unprotected by inoculation and there wo...
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715ec859ac0c1771be695678b69b60b2593112cf
at a webinar arranged by financial advice new
at a webinar arranged by financial advice new zealand on 9 november 2021, jackson presented a medical perspective on the vaccine mandates that were being introduced by the new zealand government. he said covid-19 is "the worst public health issue since world war ii......a supporter of 'no jab – no job' and virus contai...
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f95727d357f50ba87710d6efed12b4a64c4c8b08
jackson has been a strong advocate for immunisation
jackson has been a strong advocate for immunisation against the covid-19 virus and in september 2021 told hilary barry and jeremy wells on seven sharp, a new zealand tv programme, that the country needed to aim for at least 95% coverage and he was confident new zealanders could reach that target. he reiterated this on ...
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0c9b9c6ba4176c387a766c55473371c5d92e36d0
in may 2020, jackson questioned the approach of
in may 2020, jackson questioned the approach of sweden and other countries in attempting to achieve herd immunity to the coronavirus, and stated that the elimination strategy employed at the time by the new zealand government was "the only sensible route in the absence of a vaccine or effective treatment." a group of a...
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5ca83bbfe5e0c3fe37199460c1e60242ae6df95e
in 2020, jackson was one of several academics
in 2020, jackson was one of several academics who took a public position on racism in the new zealand health sector. he co-authored an article in the new zealand medical journal that defined systematic racism in terms of how it affected health for marginalised populations by inequitable access to services, prejudice an...
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e2c4cf8e66d2fb64ba4460b877319540b2644fbd
a news release by the new zealand child
a news release by the new zealand child poverty action group published entitled preventing covid-19 health inequities: an urgent duty of care to children in poverty, cited an article co-authored by jackson that stressed the goal of universal vaccination was cited as being relevant to slowing the spread to of covid-19 t...
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4a24bbca74be1b44a42c2f36bcf369a9fb73b6c6
a new zealand longitudinal study published in 2021
a new zealand longitudinal study published in 2021 in which jackson participated, explored the relationship between occupational exposures and ischaemic heart disease (ihd) for males and females in the general and māori populations. the paper acknowledged that while previous research had identified many " psychosocial,...
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c7a33be56d33d5fedd2e1ec65ef354379874bba4
jackson co-authored the paper for a 2020 study
jackson co-authored the paper for a 2020 study involving 475,241 people that provided evidence māori and pacific people had a much higher prevalence of smoking, obesity, heart failure, atrial fibrillation and prior cvd compared with other ethnic groups......experienced the most significant inequities in exposure to cvd...
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789dfbde97eb3a57a8f2955d2ff37cfa5dc8ee8d
in an article in 2017 which claimed new
in an article in 2017 which claimed new zealand ministry of health data showed that the number of deaths from heart disease in new zealand was increasing, jackson responded that there was confusion over dietary advice, but butter consumption had increased and due to it being high in saturated fats, was a major cause of...
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daedf997ee2f3397b635c06c298e50bd59a206e8
following a claim in 2014 by three academics
following a claim in 2014 by three academics that there was no causal link between the amount of saturated fat consumed and the likelihood of coronary heart disease, jackson acknowledged the difficulty in accurately assessing and quantifying a person's diet and the challenges in developing cohort studies with high and ...
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c145c88dbffb2cfd2246816303991cbc5c8a00ba
in 2015, when there was public debate about
in 2015, when there was public debate about the value of a high-fat low-carbohydrate diet, jackson gave a public lecture in dunedin outlining the data that showed "the steady decline in the use of saturated fat sources such as butter (which represents 20–25% of our saturated fat intake in new zealand) has been followed...
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68de7efa8d07cabd2ea4cd32932e50c9bb0f9ef1
an article in the new zealand herald in
an article in the new zealand herald in 2014 reported a debate between jackson and grant schofield on whether saturated fats were healthy. jackson's position was that he was "deeply concerned the schofield camp, with its promotion of butter, cream and coconut oil, is setting the nation on a path to increased coronary a...
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7f0a5a24139e3ae69b7b4186943a78b0f516be11
jackson commented in 2002 on what were being
jackson commented in 2002 on what were being perceived at the time as 'mixed messages' about alcohol and the risk of heart attacks. in the newsletter of the alcohol advisory council of new zealand, jackson noted that there was evidence of a link of light-to-moderate drinking to a reduced risk of cvd, but cautioned that...
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0d19c19288b086ee02e670c2bb7183e25d147a41
by 1995 a paper co-authored by jackson, confirmed
by 1995 a paper co-authored by jackson, confirmed the earlier findings that inhaled fenoterol was associated with increased asthma-related deaths in new zealand since 1976, and noted that the new zealand department of health had "issued warnings about the safety of fenoterol and restricted its availability." a publicat...
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7acf0deae6b8830a52b18321c1f59f540cc61a95
in 1989, the new zealand ministry of health
in 1989, the new zealand ministry of health received a report that assessed the relationship between prescribed fenoterol and deaths from asthma in new zealand. it noted that although an earlier report had stated a possible causal association could have been produced by a combination of "information bias, confounding a...
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2b758088c4696dffa7b6db4fb4a8d480b07adce3
in 1982 a research team, of which jackson
in 1982 a research team, of which jackson was a member, examined an abrupt disproportionate increase in reported deaths from asthma in new zealand after 1976 compared to several other countries. suggested explanations included the possibility the disease in new zealand may be more severe, that there might be environmen...
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9b31c16c1707771a090c23faef70f19871dd47cd
i. develop new risk prediction algorithms to assist
i. develop new risk prediction algorithms to assist clinicians estimate vascular risk in multiple high-risk populations; ii. determine in whom, where and why, under- and over-treatment and inequities in vascular risk and risk management occur; iii. develop and implement a multi-algorithm risk prediction engine and a 'b...
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af0e74f8d183e845fd0b235f409a053cbda8b636
since 2011 jackson and his team have received
since 2011 jackson and his team have received consecutive 5-year health research council programme grants to undertake a series of studies linking large-scale datasets from primary and secondary (hospital) care settings with national health administrative datasets. the 2011 view (vascular informatics using epidemiology...
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431afc433cd6f54854972e8c2e11e003c4bd2bfd
from 2006 to 2012, jackson was a co-investigator
from 2006 to 2012, jackson was a co-investigator on the polypill project at university of auckland. this involved bundling a group cardiovascular disease reduction drugs to give the flexibility to modify the daily dose of each drug. a report from the london school of pharmacy, authored by professor david taylor said th...
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a0e6b5db817dbf5c5b9031165db7ed9253c811ec
he took part in research funded by health
he took part in research funded by health research council of new zealand, national heart foundation of new zealand and healthier lives national science challenge, which focused on predicting cardiovascular risk in middle-aged adults with diabetes. a paper he co-authored, suggests that internationally doctors might be ...
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591d43813cd4e83d87aada82d1af4d6084ce5b1a
jackson was involved in research in 2021 that
jackson was involved in research in 2021 that assessed the value of a machine learning-based risk approach for cardiovascular disease risk prediction across the national population of new zealand. the study concludes that the deep learning models performed well in terms of calibration and discrimination of the probabil...
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ad30ec8157d474342171825698873a503b594e9a
in 2017 jackson participated in a study to
in 2017 jackson participated in a study to investigate integration of individual level data with data at a national level for a country's total adult population, to develop a synthetic national population model to predict the risk of cardiovascular disease. the study shows that it is possible to develop this model with...
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913c92eb133d98533fbacf2ae79885d2ea3b0df0
the value of the predict model was evidenced
the value of the predict model was evidenced in a study on cardiovascular risk equations for diabetes patients from new zealand and chinese electronic health records (credence) study in 2021 which investigated cardiovascular risk in two large contemporary cohorts of people with type 2 diabetes from new zealand and chin...
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3838fca9fefc5c26ccd0471d0d140a6a099d6da9
jackson participated in a 2020 study that documented
jackson participated in a 2020 study that documented the efficiency of a newly developed risk equation (predict-2) in estimating the five-year risk of cvd event recurrence among patients aged 30–79 years with known atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ascvd). the study showed that the predict-2 risk equation complem...
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0ba6f699326dff22e52a90c88b4dd2e8803a2942
research published in 2018, used the predict computer
research published in 2018, used the predict computer algorithm to develop equations relevant to patients in contemporary primary care, and documented the performance of these new equations to assess the risk profiles of a nationally representative cohort of new zealanders. the effectiveness of the equations compared f...
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9d43719f217b1a7a0fa05bd163dab015773ce736
since 2002, jackson has co-led predict, a large-scale
since 2002, jackson has co-led predict, a large-scale cohort study of cvd risk prediction, which is now the world's largest prospective study of cvd in primary care with over 500,000 participants. jackson and his team, in partnership with enigma, a new zealand company specialising in web solutions in healthcare, develo...
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5ac95af58692895d82526934466082d307fca918
in 2021, jackson co-led a team that was
in 2021, jackson co-led a team that was funded by the health research council of new zealand to create an " anonymized register of cardiovascular and related risks to help combat the likes of diabetes, gout, obesity and heart failure" in the five-year vareanz (vascular risk equity for all new zealanders)research progra...
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7880f21f4f929e41eb36619e6450e115afb3e481
jackson was involved in research in 2018 that
jackson was involved in research in 2018 that created three data-based populations: a new zealand population derived from statistics new zealand 's integrated data infrastructure (idi), a 2013 census population and a 2013 health service utilisation population. the aim of the research was to compare the differences in c...
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83bb454d8bcf9b51745540f925a6d199632d0e35
in 2011, jackson co-authored an article in the
in 2011, jackson co-authored an article in the new zealand medical journal that challenged the manner in which new zealand district health boards (dhbs) had managed the health needs of patients with long-term conditions. while the article acknowledged that some chronic diseases were preventable by "addressing shared ri...
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1d28c2ca88caabeacc059682537d8e7948536a6d
since around 2000, jackson's main research has focused
since around 2000, jackson's main research has focused on integrating public health and healthcare epidemiology by linking individual and national data, scalable from individual patients to patient groups to entire populations. he initially established the predict study and subsequently led the establishment of the vie...
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1045c4c77dd7a86afc3903dcfc5fd5b96e6bb852
at the university of auckland, jackson obtained a
at the university of auckland, jackson obtained a bachelor of science (bsc) in 1974, and a bachelor of medicine, bachelor of surgery (mb chb) in 1977. a postgraduate diploma in obstetrics and gynaecology (dipobst) was completed at auckland in 1980, as was a postgraduate diploma in community health (dipcomh) from the un...
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ad7a4a859d06d6a4513426dce79c34851b49c520
rodney thornton jackson frsnz (born 1954) is a
rodney thornton jackson frsnz (born 1954) is a new zealand medically trained epidemiologist who has had lead roles in publicly funded research focussing on systems to effectively identify risk factors in the epidemiology of chronic diseases, in particular cardiovascular diseases (cvds). this involved linking large coho...
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51740e0ef66ab5e90ec86de63c7e3be8f0d9efe3
carol ann darlene litchfield was an american microbiologist
carol ann darlene litchfield was an american microbiologist whose research focused on halophile organisms. litchfield joined george mason university's biology department in 1993, serving as a research professor between 2005 and 2010 in the department of environmental science and policy.
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192b637e0cc9e1f2a828ae03dba990eab301b208
litchfield married biologist charles carter litchfield in 1960,
litchfield married biologist charles carter litchfield in 1960, who died in 2007. in february 2012, litchfield was diagnosed with pancreatic cancer, and on april 3, 2012, litchfield died in her home in arlington county, virginia. in accordance with her wishes, her ashes, cincinnati reds visor, and "salt bug" vanity lic...
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0fbc0af9775a4c29a83666698819efd936a5c4d9
upon her official retirement from george mason university
upon her official retirement from george mason university in 2008, litchfield donated her collection of microbiology texts to the university. in her free time, litchfield studied the history of salt, which she frequently presented at society of industrial archaeology conferences.
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617e58e8e98810770b1f13a215c31d05ea390a57
from 2017 to 2018, litchfield served as president
from 2017 to 2018, litchfield served as president of the society of industrial microbiology and biotechnology (simb), which awarded her its charles porter prize in 2012. at its annual conference, simb organizes the carol d. litchfield best student oral and poster presentation awards in her memory. her longtime collabor...
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3a157829727f8e68a070357a20e4062b6596a8c0
after ten years of teaching at rutgers, litchfield
after ten years of teaching at rutgers, litchfield began working in dupont's environmental toxicology laboratories and founded microbial solutions, her consulting company for industrial microbiology. recognizing her work on bioremediation, litchfield was named to the us department of energy's environmental biotechnolog...
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5e1c6667641602812a0b1ea5d0588430b7fbe1a2
after completing her postdoctoral research, litchfield and her
after completing her postdoctoral research, litchfield and her husband began teaching at rutgers university. while charles specialized in the soluble oils of marine mammals, carol worked on oceanographic microbiology. during this period, litchfield served on the new jersey governor's panel on coastal waters. litchfield...
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12ea26fce77060c4fa7b7128d738cc751a7c137f
after a few years of working as a
after a few years of working as a research scientist at texas a&m university, litchfield enrolled in the university's organic chemistry phd program. at that time, women were only allowed to attend texas a&m if they were the wife of a student or employee, so she relied on her husband's employment in the biology departme...
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ee7e68c408bac4af9636a20fc60c630097ebc75d
litchfield was born to donald and melba ross
litchfield was born to donald and melba ross on october 10, 1936. an avid fan of the cincinnati reds baseball team, litchfield played softball throughout her childhood. she attended the university of cincinnati, earning her bachelor of science in medical technology and master of science in microbiology.
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8ed390db7c8ce9ff720329673f23dc980500943e
carol ann darlene litchfield (née ross; october 10,
carol ann darlene litchfield (née ross; october 10, 1936 – april 3, 2012) was an american microbiologist whose research focused on halophile organisms. litchfield joined george mason university's biology department in 1993, serving as a research professor between 2005 and 2010 in the department of environmental science...
wikipedia
d22051c6072632bf0cffd26e5aa17cfefbced38c
puri writes on issues at the intersection of
puri writes on issues at the intersection of science, technology, education and society. his first publication was a book of poetry, narcissus wept, where a reviewer notes, "he has something to say evidently and tries to say it with becoming gravity."
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f67536c27d8f8accdb58d36b13aa6dd24fed47a5
prior to mcmaster, puri served as n. waldo
prior to mcmaster, puri served as n. waldo harrison professor and department head of engineering science and mechanics at virginia tech from 2004-13. he arrived there from the university of illinois at chicago after 15 years of service at various ranks, leaving as professor and executive associate dean of engineering.
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3e18395aabaaa6616726808fbd67fb2e97312c39
before his arrival at usc, puri served as
before his arrival at usc, puri served as dean of the faculty of engineering and professor at mcmaster university in hamilton, ontario, canada. upon his departure from mcmaster, the university credited him with developing innovative approaches to engineering education and experiential learning, and furthering research....
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51b3ffb2e9169ed7790771f1e75bf92325abe83e
puri is senior vice president of research &
puri is senior vice president of research & innovation at university of southern california, where he oversees the usc office of research and innovation, where the research portfolio fhe is responsible for exceeds us$1 billion. he has oversight over protection of human subject research, animal care and use for research...
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a7ddfdc23920d234f1b66abe259766aacc60f440
puri has explained the structure and extinction of
puri has explained the structure and extinction of counterflow diffusion flames, use of magnetic fluids for heat transfer and drug targeting, how biological inks can be formulated to print mammalian cells into three-dimensional cellular structures with diamagnetophoresis, and provided mathematical models for the progre...
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5b4586889b2e759e5d2933848eaa20e33561016c
the author of archival publications and books, and
the author of archival publications and books, and patents, puri is listed among the top 0.4% of scholars among twenty nine million considered by scholargps in terms of the impact of his publications. he is listed among the top two percent of scientists in the updated science-wide author databases of standardized citat...
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806124bbf6630cb4d9bacd6f20e6370922a0a4c3
his mother, sushila gaind puri, was a pioneering
his mother, sushila gaind puri, was a pioneering anesthesiologist in new delhi, and his father, krishan kanwar puri, completed his doctoral dissertation from university of münster in 1955.
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6eb5520a28d27cff4299551bd378ae5be9498303
puri was born in new delhi, india, in
puri was born in new delhi, india, in 1959. he studied at st. xavier’s school, delhi from 1964 to 1976. he earned a bachelor's degree in mechanical engineering from delhi college of engineering of delhi university, delhi in 1982, and m.s. (1984) and ph.d. (1987) degrees in engineering science (applied mechanics) from t...
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a93e825a39b06e9b3cdce0b828defa95705a8f9a
henryk kierzkowski is a polish economist known for
henryk kierzkowski is a polish economist known for his work on imperfect competition and international trade. kierzkowski was a senior economist at the bank of canada, deputy chief-economist of the european bank for reconstruction and development in london, economic advisor to the governments of poland and albania, and...
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362b3268e5c2703316b592295ef1881b73ff8a2b
kierzkowski was a senior economist at the bank
kierzkowski was a senior economist at the bank of canada, deputy chief-economist of the european bank for reconstruction and development in london, economic advisor to the governments of poland and albania, and taught international economics at the geneva graduate institute. he was a member of the nobel prize in econom...
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19b0aa0ede16eac91e6294655e65eaf4e0161ad4
zdeněk zikán was a czech football player. during
zdeněk zikán was a czech football player. during his club career he played for several clubs, including dukla pardubice and dukla prague. during his time with spartak hradec králové, he played in the 1960–61 european cup, scoring against eventual finalists fc barcelona in the quarter finals. zikán earned four caps and ...
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3d193ae8795792aa26ffcb3c0eaa229f302668f5
zikán earned four caps and scored five goals
zikán earned four caps and scored five goals for the czechoslovakia national football team, including four goals in three games in the 1958 fifa world cup. he finished his international career with the distinction of having scored in every game in which he had played.
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9657a3306ec9cfcf5fa09e64a9679b44a55d5d54
during his club career he played for several
during his club career he played for several clubs, including dukla pardubice and dukla prague. during his time with spartak hradec králové, he played in the 1960–61 european cup, scoring against eventual finalists fc barcelona in the quarter finals.
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46173179ced5cc0a155f0595b24794d3cedbac2d
the 2002–03 season was the final year of
the 2002–03 season was the final year of president joan gaspart 's reign. it was also his least successful at barcelona, with the club changing manager three times during the course of the season, disrupting the league campaign. the club eventually finished in sixth place in la liga, which was barça's worst position in...
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79be4399506d46335fe66356cea80b4a9279166e
the 2023 malaysia national women's league is the
the 2023 malaysia national women's league is the second edition of the national women's league one of the women's football league in malaysia were launched with its first edition on 5 august 2023 it is run by football association of malaysia together with the ministry of youth and sports and features 6 teams. the leagu...
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3a3ac56830b175bc42dbec61ea2c235bc76adbde
the 2023 malaysia national women's league (malay: liga
the 2023 malaysia national women's league (malay: liga wanita nasional 2023) is the second edition of the national women's league one of the women's football league in malaysia were launched with its first edition on 5 august 2023 it is run by football association of malaysia together with the ministry of youth and spo...
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ea3ba2e2fea934ad1d95c053ca9dd2a3e612314a
in computer science, future, promise, delay, and deferred
in computer science, future, promise, delay, and deferred refer to constructs used for synchronizing program execution in some concurrent programming languages. they describe an object that acts as a proxy for a result that is initially unknown, usually because the computation of its value is not yet complete. the term...
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6ce40de2ec5788c270afcaa54d0cabdd9f02611a
a somewhat similar concept future was introduced in
a somewhat similar concept future was introduced in 1977 in a paper by henry baker and carl hewitt. the terms future, promise, delay, and deferred are often used interchangeably, although some differences in usage between future and promise are treated below. specifically, when usage is distinguished, a future is a rea...
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6424e7a504483b828fe508e440af8f83f6536b38
futures can easily be implemented in channels: a
futures can easily be implemented in channels: a future is a one-element channel, and a promise is a process that sends to the channel, fulfilling the future. this allows futures to be implemented in concurrent programming languages with support for channels, such as csp and go. the resulting futures are explicit, as t...
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8786ada5e8af4f0ad2d4907ab07689d518826ac3
after 2000, a major revival of interest in
after 2000, a major revival of interest in futures and promises occurred, due to their use in responsiveness of user interfaces, and in web development, due to the request–response model of message-passing. several mainstream languages now have language support for futures and promises, most notably popularized by futu...
wikipedia
4643e6823b921f5f6945486b64de1d2c24288901
several early actor languages, including the act series,
several early actor languages, including the act series, supported both parallel message passing and pipelined message processing, but not promise pipelining. (although it is technically possible to implement the last of these features in the first two, there is no evidence that the act languages did so.)
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2da5a7375a69b553cfa000b4b74a675c57f8c654
both the design described in liskov and shrira's
both the design described in liskov and shrira's paper, and the implementation of promise pipelining in xanadu, had the limit that promise values were not first-class: an argument to, or the value returned by a call or send could not directly be a promise (so the example of promise pipelining given earlier, which uses ...
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da91c4e206dfe767ede72e9fb9a4c6580dbec1fe
the promise pipelining technique (using futures to overcome
the promise pipelining technique (using futures to overcome latency) was invented by barbara liskov and liuba shrira in 1988, and independently by mark s. miller, dean tribble and rob jellinghaus in the context of project xanadu circa 1989.
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12381fb807340cad8ea357bcbe35e43c99e838ca
the future and/or promise constructs were first implemented
the future and/or promise constructs were first implemented in programming languages such as multilisp and act 1. the use of logic variables for communication in concurrent logic programming languages was quite similar to futures. these began in prolog with freeze and ic prolog, and became a true concurrency primitive ...
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b0f1e4d0f3ad4b1fb39943cc2ed724cbedd177be
however, some futures can deal with requests in
however, some futures can deal with requests in special ways to provide greater parallelism. for example, the expression 1 + future factorial(n) can create a new future that will behave like the number 1+factorial(n). this trick does not always work. for example, the following conditional expression:
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26e551a7752db3a8a8fb02a6ae37a3088816c7b7
in the actor model, an expression of the
in the actor model, an expression of the form future <expression> is defined by how it responds to an eval message with environment e and customer c as follows: the future expression responds to the eval message by sending the customer c a newly created actor f (the proxy for the response of evaluating <expression>) as...
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a4a546154eee45744b4ed9009471a1c63d532f6b
a lazy future is a future that deterministically
a lazy future is a future that deterministically has lazy evaluation semantics: the computation of the future's value starts when the value is first needed, as in call by need. lazy futures are of use in languages which evaluation strategy is by default not lazy. for example, in c++11 such lazy futures can be created b...
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c1f4dea74fc585eb270f3b64c14bf7b3d9ae191e
the evaluation strategy of futures, which may be
the evaluation strategy of futures, which may be termed call by future, is non-deterministic: the value of a future will be evaluated at some time between when the future is created and when its value is used, but the precise time is not determined beforehand and can change from run to run. the computation can start as...
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738df329fee1d5cd4281f544bbb6e582a8be57d2
non-thread-specific futures can be implemented in thread-specific futures,
non-thread-specific futures can be implemented in thread-specific futures, assuming that the system supports message passing, by having the resolving thread send a message to the future's own thread. however, this can be viewed as unneeded complexity. in programming languages based on threads, the most expressive appro...
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aec18a3c9eaf2d8bf7dfe1e6c7763805e3b91b39
to implement implicit lazy thread-specific futures (as provided
to implement implicit lazy thread-specific futures (as provided by alice ml, for example) in terms in non-thread-specific futures, needs a mechanism to determine when the future's value is first needed (for example, the waitneeded construct in oz). if all values are objects, then the ability to implement transparent fo...
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84bf29191ad625776464e82e67d2b1c08ef82016
eager thread-specific futures can be straightforwardly implemented in
eager thread-specific futures can be straightforwardly implemented in non-thread-specific futures, by creating a thread to calculate the value at the same time as creating the future. in this case it is desirable to return a read-only view to the client, so that only the newly created thread is able to resolve this fut...
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d1ab92827db59627613ec7871be13b316391dbbe
a concurrent constraint variable is a generalization of
a concurrent constraint variable is a generalization of concurrent logic variables to support constraint logic programming: the constraint may be narrowed multiple times, indicating smaller sets of possible values. typically there is a way to specify a thunk that should run whenever the constraint is narrowed further; ...
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a7fcc8aaedff415b52a65b6cbe87369f90e26499
a concurrent logic variable is similar to a
a concurrent logic variable is similar to a future, but is updated by unification, in the same way as logic variables in logic programming. thus it can be bound more than once to unifiable values, but cannot be set back to an empty or unresolved state. the dataflow variables of oz act as concurrent logic variables, and...
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bea8e264c8cc24c0791c3ce201333f09c0c9b787
an i-var (as in the language id) is
an i-var (as in the language id) is a future with blocking semantics as defined above. an i-structure is a data structure containing i-vars. a related synchronization construct that can be set multiple times with different values is called an m-var. m-vars support atomic operations to take or put the current value, whe...
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2abd23fbd446b991b32a4da5bc9c1dc643a75eeb
as an example of the first possibility, in
as an example of the first possibility, in c++11, a thread that needs the value of a future can block until it is available by calling the wait() or get() member functions. a timeout can also be specified on the wait using the wait_for() or wait_until() member functions to avoid indefinite blocking. if the future arose...
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cfe95b881c13bedd45a04d204cca5b03bf89382b
if the value of a future is accessed
if the value of a future is accessed asynchronously, for example by sending a message to it, or by explicitly waiting for it using a construct such as when in e, then there is no difficulty in delaying until the future is resolved before the message can be received or the wait completes. this is the only case to be con...
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54dd455f29034d68f05534f326c299fc87496575
alice ml also supports futures that can be
alice ml also supports futures that can be resolved by any thread, and calls these promises. this use of promise is different from its use in e as described above. in alice, a promise is not a read-only view, and promise pipelining is unsupported. instead, pipelining naturally happens for futures, including ones associ...
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a194feba72e8d79847f230e97bf9464f50f0c4c0
some languages, such as alice ml, define futures
some languages, such as alice ml, define futures that are associated with a specific thread that computes the future's value. this computation can start either eagerly when the future is created, or lazily when its value is first needed. a lazy future is similar to a thunk, in the sense of a delayed computation.
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25b110e65e556ad501202cd771aa178f6f08f469
support for read-only views is consistent with the
support for read-only views is consistent with the principle of least privilege, since it enables the ability to set the value to be restricted to subjects that need to set it. in a system that also supports pipelining, the sender of an asynchronous message (with result) receives the read-only promise for the result, a...
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6e15af1f09377fd72511d836f4e8a5fc041e5052
promise pipelining should be distinguished from parallel asynchronous
promise pipelining should be distinguished from parallel asynchronous message passing. in a system supporting parallel message passing but not pipelining, the message sends x <- a() and y <- b() in the above example could proceed in parallel, but the send of t1 <- c(t2) would have to wait until both t1 and t2 had been ...
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600e617ce8ee7db72b9421026bd0677c9b407f39
the syntax used here is that of the
the syntax used here is that of the language e, where x <- a() means to send the message a() asynchronously to x. all three variables are immediately assigned futures for their results, and execution proceeds to subsequent statements. later attempts to resolve the value of t3 may cause a delay; however, pipelining can ...
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d6d49766c6db9700044860e6ec7e1e23698e88fc
each statement needs a message to be sent
each statement needs a message to be sent and a reply received before the next statement can proceed. suppose, for example, that x, y, t1, and t2 are all located on the same remote machine. in this case, two complete network round-trips to that machine must take place before the third statement can begin to execute. th...
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a93a9c6e19bd0f770c12fa8d657e9d3acb03a237
the original baker and hewitt paper described implicit
the original baker and hewitt paper described implicit futures, which are naturally supported in the actor model of computation and pure object-oriented programming languages like smalltalk. the friedman and wise paper described only explicit futures, probably reflecting the difficulty of efficiently implementing impli...
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7d01ce6cb428899ca2e7072cb392644b36347cd0
use of futures may be implicit (any use
use of futures may be implicit (any use of the future automatically obtains its value, as if it were an ordinary reference) or explicit (the user must call a function to obtain the value, such as the get method of java.util.concurrent.future in java). obtaining the value of an explicit future can be called stinging or ...
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59f24ae48be8a29ef8ee38efd31129d60f1b46ed
futures and promises originated in functional programming and
futures and promises originated in functional programming and related paradigms (such as logic programming) to decouple a value (a future) from how it was computed (a promise), allowing the computation to be done more flexibly, notably by parallelizing it. later, it found use in distributed computing, in reducing the l...
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7a12019f240d3877cb94ab65c498cbc90f9db24d
the terms future, promise, delay, and deferred are
the terms future, promise, delay, and deferred are often used interchangeably, although some differences in usage between future and promise are treated below. specifically, when usage is distinguished, a future is a read-only placeholder view of a variable, while a promise is a writable, single assignment container wh...
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5ad15052fed5ba953584a38d02b8040580f1ec05
the term promise was proposed in 1976 by
the term promise was proposed in 1976 by daniel p. friedman and david wise, and peter hibbard called it eventual. a somewhat similar concept future was introduced in 1977 in a paper by henry baker and carl hewitt.
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96403599f7cc2d468918cf928a99882723693e2d
in computer science, future, promise, delay, and deferred
in computer science, future, promise, delay, and deferred refer to constructs used for synchronizing program execution in some concurrent programming languages. they describe an object that acts as a proxy for a result that is initially unknown, usually because the computation of its value is not yet complete.
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b30127cfd0d52e963aeecea4575a275acf4dd48d
berto "robert" dipierdomenico is a retired australian rules
berto "robert" dipierdomenico is a retired australian rules footballer who represented hawthorn in the australian football league (afl) from the 1970s to the 1990s. popularly known by his nickname "dipper", dipierdomenico is one of the most successful italian australians to play australian football, and his contributio...
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ea91bcf4667082b253722057110ddb6cf210fa62
dipierdomenico made a cameo in the tv series
dipierdomenico made a cameo in the tv series neighbours in 1999, and he appeared on the channel 9 weight-loss show excess baggage in 2012. since 2019, he has been hosting the tv series dipper's backyard bbq wars.
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5513b9963d529de08e68bca649544cdcb34149fc
in the 1990s, dipierdomenico made an appearance, along
in the 1990s, dipierdomenico made an appearance, along with dermott brereton and adrian barich, in a charity rugby league match and scored a try, and in comedic fashion dived over the line in a fashion similar to superman to celebrate.
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026f138a6becb16d9846b01f5fd716b9fa11eef1
after dipierdomenico retired, he became a popular media
after dipierdomenico retired, he became a popular media personality as a boundary rider with the seven network. after seven lost the rights to broadcast afl in 2001, dipierdomenico continued his tradition as a boundary-rider on radio station 3aw. dipierdomenico also worked at sky news australia as their afl expert in t...
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a57a1e4d94ef75509e4095256dc94e24515475b6
dipierdomenico went on to play 240 games and
dipierdomenico went on to play 240 games and kick 130 goals with the hawks, retiring in 1991, and participating in five day and four night premierships during one of the most successful eras that a vfl/afl club has ever achieved.
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9ba5da1e3c62c25332deb2fc86cebd53924a5fdb
"by this time i'd been shifted into intensive
"by this time i'd been shifted into intensive care. the doctor came in and said if they didn't gag me i was gone... so there you are. i had eight days in hospital to think about what might have happened. to tell you the truth, it scared me."
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e177614d32473a2b43a06011fc2361afc2bfd0a9
late in the first quarter of the 1989
late in the first quarter of the 1989 vfl grand final, dipierdomenico was running backwards to take a mark when he was met solidly from behind by geelong star gary ablett. the force of the collision broke several of dipierdomenico's ribs and punctured one of his lungs. despite the pain, and being unaware of the extent ...
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4489bc685c16fc74fa34253be0bc47628eaa6657
he was known for his toughness (which led
he was known for his toughness (which led to many trips to the tribunal), and the moustachioed dipper was one of the much-loved, and most media-covered characters in the vfl during the 1980s. dipierdomenico won the brownlow medal, in 1986 tying with greg williams, who was playing for sydney at the time. during that sea...
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d6ace287c95a1252d79ab634a6c0b87cc1745ded
beginning his career with the hawthorn football club
beginning his career with the hawthorn football club in 1975, dipierdomenico started slowly, playing 99 reserve-grade games as he flitted between first team and reserve-grade football. he kick-started his career in 1978, culminating in a best-on-ground performance in the 1978 vfl grand final.
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31236d93795d264b3ec207c11c761f1f194cf119
dipierdomenico was born in hawthorn to parents stefano
dipierdomenico was born in hawthorn to parents stefano and antonietta, who had emigrated to australia from abbateggio, italy. dipierdomenico's parents were married by proxy, meaning they were married over the phone. a hyperactive child who had a stutter, dipper attended numerous schools in hawthorn and neighbouring are...
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