IdA
string
IdB
string
labels
int64
mechanism
string
effect
string
score
float64
sentence
string
signor_id
string
P19174
Q15139
0
phosphorylation
down-regulates activity
0.404
Thus, phosphorylation of PLC-gamma 1 by PKC or PKA at serine 1248 may modulate the interaction of PLC-gamma 1 with the protein tyrosine kinase or the protein tyrosine phosphatase; this altered interaction may, at least in part, be responsible for the decreased tyrosine phosphorylation of PLC-gamma 1 seen in PMA- and forskolin-treated Jurkat cells.
SIGNOR-248846
Q9C0C7
O75385
0
phosphorylation
up-regulates
0.695
When autophagy is induced, ulk1 phosphorylates ambra1, releasing the autophagy core complex from dynein. Its subsequent relocalization to the endoplasmic reticulum enables autophagosome nucleation. Ambra1-dlc1 dissociates from the dynein complex upon ulk1-dependent ambra1 phosphorylation.
SIGNOR-168292
P07948
P24941
1
phosphorylation
down-regulates activity
0.353
We also show that Lyn phosphorylates Tyr15 of Cdk2 and that incubation of Lyn with Cdk2 results in inhibition of Cdk2 activity.
SIGNOR-279204
Q9UQK1
Q6VVB1
0
ubiquitination
down-regulates quantity by destabilization
0.741
We have recently described that the activity of R5/PTG is down-regulated by the laforin-malin complex, composed of a dual specificity phosphatase (laforin) and an E3-ubiquitin ligase (malin). We now demonstrate that phosphorylation of R5/PTG at Ser-8 by AMPK accelerates its laforin/malin-dependent ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation, which results in a decrease of its glycogenic activity. 
SIGNOR-276238
Q68G74
Q5JUK2
0
transcriptional regulation
up-regulates quantity by expression
0.486
Cotransfection of a mouse Sohlh1 expression vector with E box-containing promoter regions of mouse Lhx8, Zp1, and Zp3 fused to luciferase resulted in significant transactivation . Mutation of the E box sequences abolished SOHLH1-dependent stimulation. Thus, Lhx8, Zp1, and Zp3 are likely direct downstream target genes of SOHLH1 through the E box elements in their promoters.
SIGNOR-266076
P48730
P02810
1
phosphorylation
up-regulates
0.2
Ser22 may be phosphorylated by a g-ck that recognizes an atypical substrate sequence or by a novel kinase. While prp1 secreted from salivary glands is fully phosphorylated at ser8 and 22
SIGNOR-75272
P23528
O14965
0
phosphorylation
down-regulates activity
0.316
However, this study identified that CFL-1 also acts as a direct substrate of Aur-A, which phosphorylates CFL-1 at multiple sites, including S3, S8, and T25, resulting in its inactivation.|In early cell mitotic phases, LIMK1 and Aur-A phosphorylate and inactivate CFL-1, while at the later stages, SSH-1 inactivates LIMK1 and dephosphorylates and activates CFL-1 [33] .
SIGNOR-279798
Q15831
Q13315
0
phosphorylation
up-regulates
0.571
We demonstrate that both dna-pk and atm efficiently phosphorylate lkb1 at thr-366 in vitro and provide evidence that atm mediates this phosphorylation in vivo.
SIGNOR-92873
O14965
O96028
1
phosphorylation
up-regulates quantity by stabilization
0.2
Mechanistically, Aurora A phosphorylated NSD2 at S56 residue to protect the protein from cleavage and degradation, thus methylation of Aurora A and phosphorylation of NSD2 bilaterally formed a positive regulating loop.
SIGNOR-275512
Q16539
P00533
1
phosphorylation
down-regulates
0.508
In conclusion, the use of pharmacological agents suggests that p38 mapk is the enzyme involved in egfr phosphorylation, as well as internalization, following exposure of cells to various stress-inducing conditions.
SIGNOR-149089
P04271
O43248
0
transcriptional regulation
up-regulates quantity by expression
0.252
HOXC6 and HOXC11 increase transcription of S100beta gene in BrdU-induced in vitro differentiation of GOTO neuroblastoma cells into Schwannian cells.
SIGNOR-261647
Q16539
O00206
0
phosphorylation
up-regulates activity
0.416
Binding of S100A9 to TLR4 stimulates the phosphorylation of JNK, ERK1/2, and p38 MAPK, which leads to the activation of c-Jun, CREB, and NF-κB. Activation of neutrophils by S100A9 also proceeds via p38 MAPK, JNK, and ERK1/2 phosphorylation.
SIGNOR-263652
Q9NZQ7
Q13451
0
catalytic activity
up-regulates quantity by expression
0.2
FKBP51s upregulated PD-L1 expression on the plasma membrane by catalysing the protein folding required for subsequent glycosylation. Inhibition of FKBP51s isomerase activity by SAFit decreased PD-L1 levels
SIGNOR-274973
P38398
P24941
0
phosphorylation
up-regulates
0.677
However, shrna-mediated depletion of cdk1 alone or small molecule cdk1 inhibition abrogated s phase cell-cycle arrest and the phosphorylation of a subset of atr/atm targets after dna damage. Loss of dna damage-induced checkpoint control was caused by a reduction in formation of brca1-containing foci. Mutation of brca1 at s1497 and s1189/s1191 resulted in loss of cdk1-mediated phosphorylation and also compromised formation of brca1-containing foci.
SIGNOR-187607
P24723
P35236
1
phosphorylation
up-regulates activity
0.2
HePTP is phosphorylated by PKC isozymes at Ser-225 in vitro. While all isozymes phosphorylated Ser-225 predominantly and Ser-113 to a lesser extent (Fig. ​(Fig.5),5), they differed strikingly in how much 32P they incorporated into HePTP during the 30-min assay. PKC θ was the most efficient, while PKC ζ and PKC μ were clearly less potent; PKC δ, ɛ, and η were quite inefficient.
SIGNOR-276049
P07948
O15524
1
phosphorylation
down-regulates activity
0.301
These findings show that SOCS1 phosphorylation by the SRC family inhibits its tumor-suppressive activity, indicating that patients with increased SOCS1 phosphorylation may benefit from SRC family kinase inhibitors.
SIGNOR-277888
P05067
Q96SN8
0
phosphorylation
up-regulates quantity by stabilization
0.2
The APPcyt is phosphorylated at Thr668 in vivo specifically in the brain. Cyclin‐dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5), a unique member of the Cdk family that is implicated in central nervous system development, participates in this phosphorylation. | In the present study, we demonstrate that APP phosphorylated at Thr668 is less vulnerable to cytoplasmic cleavage by caspase-3 and caspase-8.
SIGNOR-260818
P14921
Q13164
0
phosphorylation
up-regulates
0.42
9-cis retinoid x receptor alpha (rxr alpha) interacted with erk2 but not erk5 in intact cells, whereas ets-1 interacted preferentially with erk5. Increased phosphorylation of rxr alpha and ets-1 was detected in response to 1,25d. Activated erk2 and erk5 specifically phosphorylated rxr alpha and ets-1, respectively.Mutagenesis of ets-1 (t38a) reduced cyp24 promoter activity to levels observed with the dominant-negative mek5(a) and inhibited erk5-directed phosphorylation. Mutated rxr alpha (s260a) inhibited 1,25d-induced cyp24 promoter activity and abolished phosphorylation by activated erk2.
SIGNOR-88666
P18031
Q05655
1
dephosphorylation
down-regulates
0.2
Dephosphorylation of tyrosine residues by ptp1b, a protein tyrosine phosphatase, reduced the enhanced pkcdelta activity.
SIGNOR-107754
P13056
P28482
0
phosphorylation
down-regulates activity
0.2
We also reported that ERK2-phosphorylated TR2 is recruited to PML nuclear bodies (PML NBs) for its subsequent small ubiquitin-like modification (SUMOylation) and function as a potent transcriptional repressor xref , xref .
SIGNOR-278957
P11309
P38936
1
phosphorylation
up-regulates quantity by stabilization
0.481
Pim-2 phosphorylation of p21(cip1/waf1) enhances its stability and inhibits cell proliferation in hct116 cellshere we demonstrate that like pim-1, pim-2 also phosphorylates the cell cycle inhibitor p21(cip1/waf1) (p21) on thr145 in vitro and in vivo
SIGNOR-164642
P31751
P55265
1
phosphorylation
down-regulates activity
0.2
AKT-dependent phosphorylation of the adenosine deaminases ADAR-1 and -2 inhibits deaminase activity. Coimmunoprecipitation studies and in vitro kinase assays revealed that AKT-1, -2, and -3 interact with both ADAR1p110 and ADAR2 and phosphorylate these RNA editases. Using site-directed mutagenesis of suspected AKT phosphorylation sites, AKT was found to primarily phosphorylate ADAR1p110 and ADAR2 on T738 and T553, respectively
SIGNOR-276192
Q06124
P35221
1
dephosphorylation
down-regulates
0.435
Tyr148 of beta-catenin is an shp2 target dephosphorylation site. Together, these results suggest that beta-catenin plays a suppressor role in cell transformation and that shp2, by dephosphorylating beta-catenin, promotes mitogenic, cell survival and transformation signals.
SIGNOR-147075
Q8IVF5
Q15835
0
phosphorylation
down-regulates activity
0.2
For example, RhoK phosphorylates and inhibits TIAM1, STEF, and PAR3; disrupts the polarity complex; and prevents Rac activation ( xref ).
SIGNOR-279997
P03956
P02452
1
cleavage
down-regulates quantity by destabilization
0.378
In vitro, MMP1 initiates degradation of native fibrillar collagens, crucial components of vertebrate extracellular matrix (ECM), by cleaving the peptide bond between Gly775–Ile776 or Gly775–Lys776 in native type I, II or III collagen molecules3,4. 
SIGNOR-272336
P62330
O43150
0
gtpase-activating protein
up-regulates activity
0.668
Pap is a multidomain protein composed of an N-terminal alpha-helical region with a coiled-coil motif, followed by a pleckstrin homology domain, an Arf-GAP domain, an ankyrin homology region, a proline-rich region, and a C-terminal SH3 domain.  In addition, in vitro recombinant Pap exhibits strong GTPase-activating protein (GAP) activity towards the small GTPases Arf1 and Arf5 and weak activity towards Arf6.  Pap protein exhibits Arf GAP activity in vitro.
SIGNOR-269706
O75676
Q04206
1
phosphorylation
up-regulates
0.272
Rela is phosphorylated at: ser276 by the catalytic subunit of protein kinase a (pkac), msk1 and msk2; at ser311 by the atypical pkczeta; at ser468 by ikkbeta, ikkepsilon and glycogen-synthase kinase-3beta (gsk3beta); at ser529 by ck2; and at ser536 by ikkbeta, ikkalfa, ikkepsilon, nf-kb activating kinase (nak, also known as tank-binding kinase-1 tbk1)) and rsk1 (also known as p90 ribosomal protein s6 kinase (p90s6k) msk 1 and 2 can directly phosphorylate and activate transcription factors such as creb, atf1, the nf-kb isoform p65 and stat 1 and 3.
SIGNOR-151436
P49023
Q00535
0
phosphorylation
up-regulates activity
0.377
Thus, phosphorylation of paxillin is involved in NGF-induced neurite extension of PC-12 cells, probably through regulating focal adhesion organization.|cdk5 and p38MAPK phosphorylates Ser 85 on paxillin in vitro.
SIGNOR-278921
O95071
P48431
1
polyubiquitination
down-regulates quantity by destabilization
0.256
We identified UBR5 as a major ubiquitin E3 ligase that induces SOX2 degradation through ubiquitinating SOX2 at lysine 115.
SIGNOR-277446
P06733
Q8IYT8
0
phosphorylation
down-regulates activity
0.2
Here, we demonstrate that, during deprivation of amino acid and growth factors, ULK1/2 directly phosphorylate key glycolytic enzymes including hexokinase (HK), phosphofructokinase 1 (PFK1), enolase 1 (ENO1), and the gluconeogenic enzyme fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (FBP1).Phosphorylation of these enzymes leads to enhanced HK activity to sustain glucose uptake but reduced activity of FBP1 to block the gluconeogenic route and reduced activity of PFK1 and ENO1 to moderate drop of glucose-6-phosphate and to repartition more carbon flux to pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), maintaining cellular energy and redox homeostasis at cellular and organismal levels.Similar results were also obtained using ULK2 as the kinase (data not shown).
SIGNOR-274037
P52961
P16066
0
phosphorylation
down-regulates activity
0.2
Art1 is a substrate for the kinase Npr1, which phosphorylates Art1 and, thereby, causes its inactivation by limiting its plasma membrane association.
SIGNOR-279239
P08047
P68400
0
phosphorylation
down-regulates activity
0.34
Casein kinase II-mediated phosphorylation of the C terminus of Sp1 decreases its DNA binding activity. | Mutation of a consensus CKII site at amino acid 579, within the second zinc finger, eliminates phosphorylation of this site and the CKII-mediated inhibition of Sp1 binding.
SIGNOR-250954
P53350
P30305
1
phosphorylation
up-regulates activity
0.663
These data indicated that PLK1 phosphorylates CDC25B and that pre-phosphorylation of CDC25B by CDK1/CyclinB enhances its substrate properties for PLK1 in vitro
SIGNOR-267560
P42684
O15304
1
phosphorylation
up-regulates
0.334
Our results also demonstrate that mutation of the siva-1 tyr48 site abrogates the apoptotic function of siva-1 and that apoptosis induced by siva-1 is dependent on expression of kinase-active arg.
SIGNOR-104992
P49715
P35247
1
transcriptional regulation
up-regulates quantity by expression
0.259
Cotransfection of C/EBPalpha, C/EBPbeta, or C/EBPdelta cDNA in H441 lung adenocarcinoma cells significantly increased the luciferase activity of a wild-type SP-D promoter construct containing 698 bp of upstream sequence (SS698). Transfection of C/EBP also increased the level of endogenous SP-D mRNA in H441 cells| Thus, interactions among C/EBP elements in the near-distal promoter can modulate the promoter activity of SP-D.
SIGNOR-254042
P17252
Q15080
1
phosphorylation
up-regulates activity
0.2
In murine and guinea pig neutrophils, PKCδ is required for the phosphorylation of p40phox, a subunit of the NADPH oxidase complex (Li et al., 2016; Someya et al., 1999). In particular, it mediates phosphorylation of the threonine 154 (T154) residue of p40phox, a key regulatory step in the activation of the NADPH oxidase complex in peripheral neutrophils and B cells, in both mice and humans. In conclusion, the EBV-B cells of patients with PKCδ deficiency have impaired ROS production, associated with lower levels of phosphorylation of the cytosolic NADPH oxidase subunit p40phox by PKCδ.
SIGNOR-277628
O15392
Q16254
0
transcriptional regulation
down-regulates quantity by repression
0.334
This TGF-beta response is triggered through a Smad2/3-dependent hypophosphorylation of Rb and the subsequent association of the Rb/E2F4 repressive complex to CDE/CHR elements in the proximal region of the survivin promoter.
SIGNOR-271678
O75365
P12931
0
phosphorylation
down-regulates activity
0.358
Our results show that Src kinase activity leads to the tyrosine phosphorylation of PRL-3, primarily on Y53.|Collectively these results support a model in which Src causes phosphorylation of PRL-3 on Y53 to promote its pro-invasion functions, and suggest for the first time that the metastasis-associated tyrosine phosphatase PRL-3 may itself be regulated by post-translational modification.
SIGNOR-278262
Q9NUW8
P78527
0
phosphorylation
up-regulates
0.537
Optimal function of the dna repair enzyme tdp1 requires its phosphorylation by atm and/or dna-pk. Here we show that top1-associated dna double-stranded breaks (dsbs) induce the phosphorylation of tdp1 at s81. This phosphorylation is mediated by the protein kinases: ataxia-telangiectasia-mutated (atm) and dna-dependent protein kinase (dna-pk)
SIGNOR-188776
P17252
Q07954
1
phosphorylation
up-regulates
0.2
Serine and threonine phosphorylation of the low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein by protein kinase calpha regulates endocytosis and association with adaptor moleculesthese results indicate that elimination of serine and threonine phosphorylation sites in the lrp cytoplasmic domain reduces the extent of tyr63 phosphorylation and leads to impaired association with the adaptor protein shc.
SIGNOR-127215
P24941
Q16667
0
dephosphorylation
down-regulates activity
0.714
The CDK-interacting protein phosphatase KAP dephosphorylates phosphoThr-160 (pThr-160) of the CDK2 activation segment, the site of regulatory phosphorylation that is essential for kinase activity.
SIGNOR-248724
O15111
P31751
0
phosphorylation
up-regulates
0.529
Although there are likely to be multiple levels of crosstalk between the pi3k-akt and nf-kb pathways, one mechanism has been attributed to direct phosphorylation of the amino acid residue t23 on ikb kinase alfa (ikkalfa) by akt, thereby leading to activation of this kinase upstream of nf-kb akt mediates ikkalpha phosphorylation at threonine 23 akt transiently associates in vivo with ikk and induces ikk activation. Akt mediates ikkalfa phosphorylation at threonine 23.Akt phosphorylates ikkalpha on t23, and this phosphorylation event is a prerequisite for the phosphorylation of p65 at s534 by ikkalpha and beta
SIGNOR-187010
O14986
P17252
0
phosphorylation
down-regulates
0.2
Collaboration of ampk and pkc to induce phosphorylation of ser413 on pip5k1b resulting in decreased kinase activity and reduced ptdins(4,5)p2 synthesis in response to oxidative stress and energy restriction. we demonstrate that pkc can directly phosphorylate ser413 in vitro
SIGNOR-194820
P62714
Q13153
1
dephosphorylation
down-regulates activity
0.2
Both sites were dephosphorylated with the same kinetics; the anti-Ser(P)198 antibody was subsequently used as it exhibited lower background staining. Direct comparison of PP2Cα with purified PP1 and PP2A lead us to conclude that at the same molar ratio PP2Cα was the most efficient in dephosphorylating PAK1 (Fig. 1D). In this case we monitored two autophosphorylation sites in the Pak1 N-terminal regulatory region (Ser57 and Ser198/203) using phosphospecific antibodies: both sites showed the same kinetics of inactivation.
SIGNOR-248600
P23560
P51608
0
transcriptional regulation
down-regulates quantity by repression
0.471
We find that MeCP2 binds selectively to BDNF promoter III and functions to repress expression of the BDNF gene.
SIGNOR-264540
P01130
Q12772
0
transcriptional regulation
up-regulates quantity by expression
0.772
Recent studies have demonstrated that PCSK9 mRNA expression was upregulated to a greater extent than that of the LDL receptor in human hepatocytes in primary culture. Our findings also support the role of SREBP-2 as a transcriptional regulator of both the LDL receptor and PCSK9 in human enterocytes.
SIGNOR-254453
P53667
Q8WYL5
0
dephosphorylation
down-regulates activity
0.597
In addition to its cofilin\u2013phosphatase activity, SSH1 can also dephosphorylate LIMK1 and LIMK2, although LIMK1 is a better substrate than LIMK2  [63] .|SSH1 suppresses the kinase activity of LIMK1 toward cofilin by dephosphorylation at Thr 508 in the kinase catalytic domain and other autophosphorylated residues [63].
SIGNOR-277096
P02511
P04637
0
transcriptional regulation
up-regulates quantity by expression
0.47
Aberrant expression of CRYAB has been shown to be associated with several neurological diseases and malignant neoplasms. To identify transcriptional regulators of CRYAB expression, we examined its promoter for binding sites of transcription factors and identified four potential AP-2 binding sites in addition to a p53 binding site reported previously|Taken together, our results indicate that AP-2_ up-regulates the transcription of the CRYAB gene through stabilizing p53
SIGNOR-253638
P63000
Q2M1Z3
0
gtpase-activating protein
down-regulates activity
0.566
We therefore developed a screening-compatible live-cell imaging assay, using FRET-based biosensors for the prototype GTPases RHOA, RAC1 and CDC4215,19,20 (Extended Data Fig. 2 and Supplementary Note 1)|We found catalytic activities for 45/75 RhoGEFs and 48/63 RhoGAPs| Our data thus not only reveal extensive promiscuity among regulators, but also that the inactivating RhoGAPs are less selective than the activating RhoGEFs (p-value=0.02)(Supplementary Table 2).
SIGNOR-260489
Q9Y6E7
P49448
1
glycosylation
down-regulates activity
0.508
We show that SIRT4 is a mitochondrial enzyme that uses NAD to ADP-ribosylate and downregulate glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) activity.
SIGNOR-268559
P60953
Q5JSP0
0
guanine nucleotide exchange factor
up-regulates activity
0.648
We therefore developed a screening-compatible live-cell imaging assay, using FRET-based biosensors for the prototype GTPases RHOA, RAC1 and CDC4215,19,20 (Extended Data Fig. 2 and Supplementary Note 1)|We found catalytic activities for 45/75 RhoGEFs and 48/63 RhoGAPs| Our data thus not only reveal extensive promiscuity among regulators, but also that the inactivating RhoGAPs are less selective than the activating RhoGEFs (p-value=0.02)(Supplementary Table 2).
SIGNOR-260553
P12931
P15529
1
phosphorylation
up-regulates activity
0.458
Src kinase phosphorylates CD46 at Y354 of the Cyt2 isoform in vitro.
SIGNOR-280127
P40763
P14210
1
transcriptional regulation
up-regulates quantity by expression
0.622
Coexpression of activated c-Src and Stat3 synergistically induced strong HGF promoter activity in SP1 cells
SIGNOR-251742
P68400
Q9UBF6
1
phosphorylation
up-regulates
0.457
Ckbbp1 is phosphorylated in vivo and threonine to alanine mutation at residue 10 abrogates the phosphorylation of ckbbp1 observed in vivo, indicating that ckii is a major kinase that is responsible for in vivo phosphorylation of ckbbp1. As compared with the wild-type ckbbp1 or ckbbp1t10e (in which threonine 10 is replaced by glutamate), overexpression of nonphosphorylatable ckbbp1 (ckbbp1t10a) results in accumulation of ikappabalpha and p27kip1.
SIGNOR-101187
P17706
P42229
1
dephosphorylation
down-regulates activity
0.733
Upon ligand binding, IL-2R , IL-6R or LeptinR , IFN-_R , IFN-_R and PRLR or growth hormone (GH) receptor associated JAKs become activated. These JAKs mediate phosphorylation of specific tyrosine residues and recruit STATs. Activated STATs are released from the receptor and translocate to the nucleus. PTP1B dephosphorylates JAK2, TYK2 and STAT5 . The 45-kDa form of TC-PTP was shown to dephosphorylate JAK1 and JAK3 as well as STAT1, STAT3 and STAT5.
SIGNOR-133547
Q15599
P10398
0
phosphorylation
up-regulates activity
0.375
We also identify A-Raf as a kinase necessary for E3KARP phosphorylation at the G2/M stage of the cell cycle. Phosphorylation of Ser-303 regulates the localization, function, and dynamics of E3KARP
SIGNOR-273503
P60484
Q13224
1
dephosphorylation
down-regulates activity
0.296
GluN2B Y1472 site is dephosphorylated by PTEN .
SIGNOR-277165
Q15788
P27361
0
phosphorylation
up-regulates
0.268
Mapk also directly phosphorylates src-1 at thr1179 and ser1185. Phosphorylation of src-1 by mitogen-activated protein kinase (mapk) is required for optimal progesterone receptor-dependent transcription and for functional cooperation with camp response element-binding protein-binding protein
SIGNOR-91143
P50549
P49137
0
phosphorylation
up-regulates
0.612
Neverthless, some transcription factors, such as e47, er81, srf and creb are also phosphorylated by mk2
SIGNOR-166625
Q15306
Q8N2H9
0
ubiquitination
down-regulates activity
0.2
Peli3 induces the degradation of IRF4 through K48‐mediated ubiquitination |To detect the direct interaction of Peli3 and IRF4, Peli3 and IRF4 DNA constructs were transfected into HEK293 cells.
SIGNOR-280453
P38398
O95714
0
ubiquitination
down-regulates quantity by destabilization
0.561
HERC2 ubiquitinates BRCA1; this reaction depends on Cys(4762) of HERC2, the catalytic ubiquitin binding site, and the degron of BRCA1.|Significantly, HERC2 depletion antagonizes the effects of BARD1 depletion by restoring BRCA1 expression and G(2)-M checkpoint activity.
SIGNOR-278813
Q9Y6D6
P61204
1
guanine nucleotide exchange factor
up-regulates activity
0.366
Brefeldin A-inhibited guanine nucleotide-exchange protein 1 (BIG1) is an approximately 200-kDa brefeldin A-inhibited guanine nucleotide-exchange protein that preferentially activates ADP-ribosylation factor 1 (ARF1) and ARF3. 
SIGNOR-272148
P06733
P12931
0
phosphorylation
up-regulates
0.41
The present finding suggested that the tyrosine residue at position 44 in chicken alpha-enolase is the phosphorylation site by the tyrosine kinase. Our data suggest that eno1 was upregulated by caga protein through activating the src and mek/erk signal pathways
SIGNOR-205092
P28482
O43521
1
phosphorylation
down-regulates quantity by destabilization
0.716
In vitro, bimel was phosphorylated by extracellular signal-regulated kinase on ser(69), which resides in the bimel-specific insert region. Using phosphospecific antibody against this site, we show that this residue is actually phosphorylated in cells. We also show that phosphorylation of ser(69) promotes ubiquitination of bimel. We conclude that mek inhibitors sensitize mda-mb231 and hbc4 cells to anoikis by blocking phosphorylation and hence degradation of bimel
SIGNOR-129874
Q99801
P17252
0
phosphorylation
up-regulates
0.2
Phosphorylation of wild-type nkx3.1 decreased the apparent binding affinity of the protein for the consensus sequence by 3-fold relative to the nonphosphorylated protein (fig. 3) _ .
SIGNOR-86723
P30307
O96017
0
phosphorylation
down-regulates activity
0.856
Activated chk2 in turn phosphorylates cdc25c at serine-216 contributing to the g2/m checkpoints. Cds1 phosphorylates and inactivates cdc25 in vitro|CDC25C is phosphorylated on Ser 216 throughout interphase, but not in mitosis. This creates a binding site for 14‐3‐3 proteins | It has been suggested that 14‐3‐3 protein binding is responsible for retaining Cdc25C in the cytoplasm during interphase, thereby contributing to the prevention of premature initiation of mitotic events
SIGNOR-102779
Q9NX45
P10721
1
transcriptional regulation
up-regulates quantity by expression
0.325
Our results suggest that SOHLH1 and SOHLH2 directly stimulate Kit transcription in postnatal spermatogonia, thus activating the signaling involved in spermatogonia differentiation and spermatogenetic progression.
SIGNOR-266206
O95155
P04637
1
polyubiquitination
down-regulates quantity by destabilization
0.396
We show that ubiquitination factor E4B (UBE4B), an E3 and E4 ubiquitin ligase, physically interacts with p53 and Hdm2 (also known as Mdm2 in mice). UBE4B promotes p53 polyubiquitination and degradation and inhibits p53-dependent transactivation and apoptosis. 
SIGNOR-271907
Q13469
Q08209
0
dephosphorylation
up-regulates activity
0.629
NFAT1 is phosphorylated on fourteen conserved phosphoserine residues in its regulatory domain, thirteen of which are dephosphorylated upon stimulation. Dephosphorylation of all thirteen residues is required to mask a nuclear export signal (NES), cause full exposure of a nuclear localization signal (NLS), and promote transcriptional activity
SIGNOR-248690
Q00535
F7VJQ1
1
phosphorylation
up-regulates quantity
0.332
Cdk5 phosphorylated PrP induces the aggregation of non phosphorylated PrP.|Together, these results indicate that S43 is a major Cdk5 phosphorylation site in PrP.
SIGNOR-278920
Q8N1W1
Q05397
0
phosphorylation
up-regulates activity
0.459
Importantly, FAK promotes p190RhoGEF tyrosine phosphorylation and enhances activation of RhoA ( ).|Importantly, FAK promotes p190RhoGEF tyrosine phosphorylation and enhances activation of RhoA.
SIGNOR-279271
P11802
Q06830
1
phosphorylation
down-regulates
0.226
Peroxiredoxin (prx) i is a member of the peroxiredoxin family of peroxidases and contains a consensus site (thr(90)-pro-lys-lys) for phosphorylation by cyclin-dependent kinases (cdks). This protein has now been shown to be phosphorylated specifically on thr(90) by several cdks, including cdc2, in vitro. Phosphorylation of prx i on thr(90) reduced the peroxidase activity of this protein by 80%.Prx i was also phosphorylated, with an efficiency similar to that observed with cdc2, when incubated in vitro with cdk2, cdk4, or cdk6 that had been immunoprecipitated from hela cell lysates with specific antibodies (data not shown).
SIGNOR-87105
P04637
Q96FW1
0
deubiquitination
up-regulates quantity by stabilization
0.565
Furthermore, although OTUB1 dramatically induced p53 deubiquitination, its mutant (S16A) and deletion mutant did not have this effec
SIGNOR-276528
O95140
P45984
0
phosphorylation
down-regulates
0.351
Jnk phosphorylation of mitofusin 2 in response to cellular stress leads to recruitment of the ubiquitin ligase (e3) huwe1/mule/arf-bp1/hecth9/e3histone/lasu1 to mitofusin 2, with the bh3 domain of huwe1 implicated in this interaction. This results in ubiquitin-mediated proteasomal degradation of mitofusin 2these data establish that mfn2 is phosphorylated on ser27 in response to a variety of cellular stresses and implicate jnk in this process
SIGNOR-198054
P10275
O00762
1
transcriptional regulation
up-regulates quantity by expression
0.397
The evolution of prostate cancer from an androgen-dependent state (ADPCa) to one that is androgen-independent (AIPCa) marks its lethal progression. The androgen receptor (AR) is essential in both, though its function in AIPCa is poorly understood. We have defined the direct AR-dependent target genes in both AIPCa and ADPCa by generating AR-dependent gene expression profiles and AR cistromes. In contrast to ADPCa, AR selectively up-regulates M-phase cell cycle genes in AIPCa including UBE2C, a gene that inactivates the M-phase checkpoint.
SIGNOR-251543
Q9H3D4
Q13315
0
phosphorylation
down-regulates
0.403
Atm kinase is a master switch for the delta np63 alpha phosphorylation/degradation in human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells upon dna damage. We previously found that the pro-apoptotic dna damaging agent, cisplatin, mediated the proteasome-dependent degradation of delta np63 alpha associated with its increased phosphorylated status. We found that delta np63 alpha is phosphorylated in the time-dependent fashion at the following positions: s385, t397 and s466, which were surrounded by recognition motifs for atm, cdk2 and p70s6k kinases, respectively
SIGNOR-180747
P48740
P06681
1
cleavage
up-regulates activity
0.537
The MASPs in the preparations had proteolytic activities against C4, C2, and C3 in the fluid phase
SIGNOR-263420
P25963
Q9UBF6
0
ubiquitination
down-regulates activity
0.2
SAG (Sensitive to Apoptosis Gene), also known as RBX2 (RING box protein 2), ROC2 (Regulator of Cullins 2), or RNF7 (RING Finger Protein 7), was originally cloned in our laboratory as a redox inducible antioxidant protein and later characterized as the second member of the RBX/ROC RING component of the SCF (SKP1-CUL-F-box Proteins) E3 ubiquitin ligase.  by forming a complex with other components of the SCF E3 ligase, SAG promotes ubiquitination and degradation of a number of protein substrates, including c-JUN, DEPTOR, HIF-1α, IκBα, NF1, NOXA, p27, and procaspase-3, thus regulating various signaling pathways and biological processes.
SIGNOR-271451
O60674
O15524
0
ubiquitination
down-regulates quantity by destabilization
0.795
Shp-2 regulates socs-1-mediated janus kinase-2 ubiquitination/degradation downstream of the prolactin receptor
SIGNOR-118407
P29597
Q13118
1
phosphorylation
down-regulates activity
0.438
These data strongly supported that Tyk2 phosphorylates TIEG1.|Tyrosine kinase Tyk2-mediated phosphorylation of TIEG1 at Tyr179 promoted noncanonical K-27-linked polyubiquitination, which inhibited TIEG1 nuclear translocation.
SIGNOR-279575
Q5VST9
Q01484
1
relocalization
up-regulates quantity
0.498
Ankyrin-B is targeted to the M-line via its interaction with the C-terminal domain of the large sarcomeric protein obscurin. Obscurin is targeted to the M-line via its N-terminal interactions with myomesin and titin. This population of ankyrin-B recruits B56α, a regulatory subunit of protein phosphatase 2A, to the M-line where the phosphatase may regulate the phosphorylation status of contractile and signalling proteins.
SIGNOR-266726
P17252
Q02952
0
relocalization
up-regulates activity
0.459
A-kinase-anchoring protein 250 (AKAP250; gravin) acts as a scaffold that binds protein kinase A (PKA), protein kinase C and protein phosphatases, associating reversibly with the beta(2)-adrenergic receptor.
SIGNOR-271836
P12956
Q13315
0
phosphorylation
up-regulates activity
0.713
Ku70 phosphorylation occurs within minutes of genotoxic stress and involves DNA-PKcs and/or ATM kinase activities.By using specific vectors enabling the simultaneous shRNA-mediated inhibition of endogenous Ku70 and the expression of exogenous Ku70 resistant to shRNA (i.e. S27-S33-Ku70 and A27-A33-Ku70 expressing cells), we showed that phospho-Ku70 contributes to faster but error-prone DNA repair resulting in higher levels of chromosomal breaks.
SIGNOR-274020
P21580
Q9Y4K3
1
deubiquitination
down-regulates activity
0.702
A20 is a deubiquitinating enzyme (dub) for lys63-linked polyubiquitinated signaling mediators such as traf6
SIGNOR-160223
P58166
Q7Z570
0
transcriptional regulation
up-regulates quantity by expression
0.2
ZNF804A has been implicated in susceptibility to schizophrenia by several genome-wide association studies (GWAS), follow-up association studies and meta-analyses. ZNF804A was identified as a schizophrenia-associated gene by GWAS and was predicted to play a role in DNA binding and transcription To identify the genes that are affected by ZNF804A, we manipulated the expression of the ZNF804A protein in HEK293 human embryonic kidney cell lines and performed a cDNA microarray analysis followed by qPCR. We found that ZNF804A-overexpression up-regulated four genes (ANKRD1, INHBE, PIK3AP1, and DDIT3) and down-regulated three genes (CLIC2, MGAM, and BIRC3).
SIGNOR-269462
Q9UQM7
Q9NQC7
1
phosphorylation
up-regulates activity
0.307
NMDA treatment of cultured hippocampal neurons causes recruitment of CYLD, as well as CaMKII, to the postsynaptic density (PSD), as shown by immunoelectron microscopy, […] Purified CaMKII phosphorylates CYLD on at least three residues (S-362, S-418, and S-772 on the human CYLD protein Q9NQC7-1) and promotes its deubiquitinase activity.
SIGNOR-266442
P05129
P29474
1
phosphorylation
down-regulates activity
0.2
The phosphorylation of both S617 and S635 have also been shown to promote increased eNOS-derived NO release (Michell et al., 2002). The phosphorylaiton of S617 can be induced by PKA or Akt activity, and may serve to sensitize eNOS to calmodulin binding and modulate the phosphorylation of other eNOS sites
SIGNOR-251633
P00533
P37231
1
phosphorylation
down-regulates quantity by destabilization
0.513
 Here, we found that nuclear EGFR induced phosphorylation of PPARγ at Tyr-74 leading to PPARγ ubiquitination and degradation by mouse double minute 2 (MDM2) ubiquitin ligase. 
SIGNOR-277190
O60260
Q99719
1
ubiquitination
down-regulates quantity
0.2
Furthermore, Parkin ubiquitinates and promotes the degradation of CDCrel-1.|Parkin functions as an E2-dependent ubiquitin- protein ligase and promotes the degradation of the synaptic vesicle-associated protein, CDCrel-1.
SIGNOR-278711
Q12857
P54764
1
transcriptional regulation
up-regulates quantity
0.2
For example, within the NFI targetome, we identified 6 collagen genes, 13 genes encoding potassium channel or glutamate receptor subunits and a range of factors related to axon guidance (e.g. Slit1, Robo1, Epha4, Epha5, Epha8)
SIGNOR-268894
P61026
Q5S007
0
phosphorylation
down-regulates activity
0.33
To investigate whether the phosphorylation of Rab10 by LRRK2 is direct, we performed an in vitro kinase assay using recombinant components. Notably, we found that both wt and LRRK2-G2019S, but neither kinase inactive D1994A mutant nor small molecule-inhibited LRRK2, efficiently phosphorylated Rab10, proving a direct kinase-substrate relationship (Figure 2C). Furthermore, incubation of Rab10 with LRRK2 followed by tryptic digestion and MS analysis unambiguously identified T73 as the major phosphorylation site (Figure 2—figure supplement 1B)|In pathogenic conditions, in which LRRK2 is hyperactive, RabGTPases have strongly diminished affinities for GDIs.
SIGNOR-261277
P29597
P51452
1
phosphorylation
up-regulates
0.265
Phosphorylation of vhr at tyr(138) was required for its phosphatase activity toward stat5. In addition, the src homology 2 domain of stat5 was required for the effective dephosphorylation of stat5 by vhr. The tyrosine kinase tyk2, which mediates the phosphorylation of stat5, was also responsible for the phosphorylation of vhr at tyr(138).
SIGNOR-157655
P27361
O75030
1
phosphorylation
down-regulates quantity by destabilization
0.542
More interestingly, ERK-dependent phosphorylation of MITF at Ser 73 is essential for MITF ubiquitinilation and degradation (87). Putting together all these findings, it can be proposed that MAPK activation inhibits melanogenesis due to an increased MITF degradation which is dependent on the MAPK-induced MITF phosphorylation and ubiquitinilation. In summary, although the phosphorylation of MITF at Ser73 increases its intrinsic transcriptional activity, this phosphorylation also targets MITF to the proteasome for its degradation. Consequently, the decrease in MITF levels leads to a down-regulation of melanogenic enzymes expression and to an inhibition of melanogenesis.
SIGNOR-249620
Q14164
Q9NQC7
1
phosphorylation
down-regulates activity
0.441
CYLD is phosphorylated by IKK\u03b5 at Ser418.|Together, these observations demonstrate that I\u03baB kinase\u03b5-mediated phosphorylation of CYLD at Ser418 inhibits CYLD deubiquitinase activity.
SIGNOR-278311
P78318
P29372
0
monoubiquitination
down-regulates quantity by destabilization
0.2
 We show MID1-dependent monoubiquitination of α4 triggers calpain-mediated cleavage and switches α4's activity from protective to destructive, resulting in increased Tau phosphorylation. MID1 serves as the E3 ligase for α4 (2B), leading to a conformational change in α4 whereby the UIM of α4 binds in cis to the covalently attached ubiquitin (Ub; 3). This structural rearrangement then leads to calpain-mediated cleavage of the C terminus of α4 (4), allowing for polyubiquitination of PP2Ac by a currently unknown E3 ligase (5) and subsequent degradation by the proteasome.
SIGNOR-272040
Q9HCK8
O43602
1
transcriptional regulation
down-regulates quantity
0.2
Many of the most significantly up-regulated genes in Chd8+/− and Chd8−/− NPCs are involved in later stages of neuronal development, including Ascl1 [a central driver of neural reprogramming (29)], Dcx, Map2, Nefm, Neurod4, and Neurog1 (Fig. 2 E and F). Additionally, we found that Sox3 is derepressed in both Chd8+/− and Chd8−/− NPCs, and several other Sox TF members (Sox2, Sox7, and Sox11) became derepressed in the Chd8−/− cells
SIGNOR-268915
P31749
Q14457
1
phosphorylation
down-regulates activity
0.564
In addition, pharmacological inhibition of AKT1 enhanced BECN1 stability in both assays, leaving about twice the amount of BECN1 at 90 min compared to control (Fig. 4i\u2013l).|The oncogenic kinase AKT1 phosphorylates BECN1 at positions S234, S295, which leads to sequestration of this peripheral membrane binding protein xref to the cytoskeleton with the result of inhibition of autophagy xref .
SIGNOR-279666
Q9P0J1
P08559
1
dephosphorylation
up-regulates activity
0.732
Sites 1, 2, and 3 were dephosphorylated either individually or in the presence of the other sites by the phospho-E1-phosphatase resulting in complete reactivation of the E1. The rates of dephosphorylation and reactivation were similar for sites 1, 2, and 3, indicating a random dephosphorylation mechanism
SIGNOR-252055
P06241
A8K4G0
1
phosphorylation
up-regulates activity
0.308
As CD300b phosphorylation was occurring only in the presence of both c-Fyn and DAP-12, we addressed whether tyrosine phosphorylation was required for association of CD300b and DAP-12. For this purpose, we generated a set of HA-tagged CD300b mutants affecting the transmembrane lysine (K158L), the cytoplasmic tyrosine (Y188F) or both residues.|As expected, the CD300b double mutant could neither recruit DAP-12 nor become phosphorylated in the presence of c-Fyn kinase (Fig. 5⇑C). Association between CD300b and DAP-12 was maintained in absence of the c-Fyn kinase, indicating that phosphorylation of the adaptor was not essential for the formation of the complex (data not shown)
SIGNOR-264771
Q6ZMT4
Q99814
0
transcriptional regulation
up-regulates quantity by expression
0.2
To this end, we confirm that KDM3A, KDM4B, KDM4C, KDM5B, KDM5C, and KDM62 are direct targets of HIF-1a while extent the list of known targets to KDM2A, KDM2B, KDM4D, KDM5A, and KDM6A. The results demonstrated that majority of the KDMs were similarly induced (KDM2A, KDM2B, KDM3A, KDM4B, KDM4C, KDM4D, KDM5A, KDM5B, KDM5C, KDM6B, and KDM7A) or repressed (KDM NO66 and KDM1A) by both HIF-1a and HIF-2a.
SIGNOR-271587