IdA
string
IdB
string
labels
int64
mechanism
string
effect
string
score
float64
sentence
string
signor_id
string
P00519
Q04912
0
phosphorylation
up-regulates activity
0.272
This suggests that by interacting with Sdc4, either directly or indirectly, RON is activated via transphosphorylation when clustered, engages the ABL1 SH2 domain, and activates ABL1 by phosphorylation.
SIGNOR-272999
P40763
P12931
0
phosphorylation
up-regulates activity
0.789
In the present study, we have delineated the mechanism by which Galpha16 stimulates STAT3 in human embryonic kidney 293 cells. A constitutively active Galpha16 mutant, Galpha16QL, stimulated STAT3-dependent luciferase activity as well as the phosphorylation of STAT3 at both Tyr705 and Ser727.The involvement of tyrosine kinases such as c-Src and Janus kinase 2 and 3 (JAK2 and JAK3) in Galpha16QL-induced activation of STAT3 was illustrated by the combined use of selective inhibitors and dominant negative mutants.
SIGNOR-247341
Q00535
P08908
1
phosphorylation
down-regulates quantity by destabilization
0.27
Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 promotes proteasomal degradation of the 5-HT 1A receptor via phosphorylation|5-HT1AR was phosphorylated by the Cdk5-p35 complex at Thr314 in the third cytoplasmic loop.
SIGNOR-264406
P00367
Q9Y6E7
0
glycosylation
down-regulates activity
0.62
We show that SIRT4 is a mitochondrial enzyme that uses NAD to ADP-ribosylate and downregulate glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) activity.
SIGNOR-267828
P49810
P29466
0
cleavage
up-regulates activity
0.32
In decreasing order of activity, caspase-8, -3, -1, -6 and -7 proteolysed PS2 at the recognition site D326SYD329.
SIGNOR-261748
P07948
Q9Y6K9
1
phosphorylation
down-regulates activity
0.357
Either IKKγ/NEMO WT or the Y374F mutant was coexpressed with each member of the Src family protein tyrosine kinases (SF-PTKs) in HEK 293T cells. Our study thus demonstrates that the Y374 or S377 residue located at the C-terminal proline-rich domain of human IKKγ/NEMO undergoes phosphorylation upon TNF-α treatment or KvFLIP expression, respectively, resulting in the suppression of IKKγ/NEMO activity to induce NF-κB activation. 
SIGNOR-276369
Q9NQ66
O14640
0
null
up-regulates activity
0.275
Dsh through PLC activates IP3, which leads to release of intracellular Ca2+, which in turn activates CamK11 and calcineurin
SIGNOR-258978
P42772
Q8IXJ9
0
transcriptional regulation
up-regulates quantity by expression
0.276
Tumor suppressor ASXL1 is essential for the activation of INK4B expression in response to oncogene activity and anti-proliferative signals
SIGNOR-241759
Q9HAU4
Q99717
1
ubiquitination
down-regulates
0.736
Smurf1 and smurf2 are e3 ubiquitin ligases known to suppress tgf-beta signaling through degra-dation of smads and receptors for tgf-beta and bmps
SIGNOR-193378
Q13464
O60237
1
phosphorylation
down-regulates
0.586
Phosphorylation of ppp1r12b on threonine 646 by rho kinase inhibits the activity of the pp1c-ppp1r12b complex.
SIGNOR-198812
P05204
P17252
0
phosphorylation
down-regulates
0.29
Protein kinases that phosphorylate hmg-14 17 at the major sites have been implicated from previous in vitro studies. Protein kinase c and a similar calcium phospholipid-dependent kinase have been reported to phosphorylate both proteins in vitro, where the phosphorylation of hmg-17 occurs predominantly at ser24 and to a lesser degree at ser28. Phosphorylation of hmg-14 at ser6 by camp- or cgmp-dependent kinases has also been reported. Thus, other kinases may contribute to phosphorylation at ser6 in response to oa. Ser88 and ser98 on hmg-14 are also phosphorylated by casein kinase ii in vitro. we conclude that the correlation we observe reflects a causal relationship, in which phosphorylation somehow facilitates the redistribution of hmg-14 and -17 toward non-nuclear pools.
SIGNOR-76320
Q8TCG1
Q9UNE7
0
polyubiquitination
down-regulates quantity by destabilization
0.2
CHIP is the ubiquitin E3 ligase mediating celastrol-triggered CIP2A degradation.
SIGNOR-272877
Q12852
P45985
1
phosphorylation
up-regulates activity
0.572
As expected, DLK significantly increased MKK4 phosphorylation on Ser257 / Thr261, and myrAKT1 enhanced MKK4 phosphorylation on Ser78 (XREF_FIG).|While MKK4 activated by DLK had strong activity in phosphorylating JNK3, MKK4 expressed with DLK and AKT1 together exhibited little activity, even though the two samples had similar levels of Ser257 / Thr261 phosphorylation (XREF_FIG).
SIGNOR-279629
Q8TD08
P18031
0
dephosphorylation
down-regulates
0.326
Erk8 (extracellular-signal-regulated protein kinase 8) expressed in escherichia coli or insect cells was catalytically active and phosphorylated at both residues of the thr-glu-tyr motif. Dephosphorylation of the threonine residue by pp2a (protein serine/threonine phosphatase 2a) decreased erk8 activity by over 95% in vitro, whereas complete dephosphorylation of the tyrosine residue by ptp1b (protein tyrosine phosphatase 1b) decreased activity by only 15-20%
SIGNOR-142981
P01023
P14091
0
cleavage
down-regulates quantity by destabilization
0.38
Disruption of structural and functional integrity of alpha 2-macroglobulin by cathepsin E|Analysis of the N-terminal amino-acid sequences of these proteins revealed that alpha 2M was selectively cleaved at the Phe811-Leu812 bond in about 100mer downstream of the bait region.
SIGNOR-266977
Q9Y2U5
O14733
1
phosphorylation
up-regulates activity
0.603
MEKK2 can phosphorylate and activate MAP2K proteins MKK7 and MEK5, thereby promoting activation of JNK and ERK5, respectively [ xref ].
SIGNOR-279212
P18847
Q99988
1
transcriptional regulation
up-regulates quantity by expression
0.426
In addition, DIM increased the expression of NAG-1 as well as activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3), and the induction of ATF3 was earlier than that of NAG-1. The DIM treatment increased luciferase activity of NAG-1 in HCT-116 cells transfected with NAG-1 promoter construct. The results suggest that I3C represses cell proliferation through up-regulation of NAG-1 and that ATF3 may play a pivotal role in DIM-induced NAG-1 expression in human colorectal cancer cells.
SIGNOR-253725
P12830
P15923
0
transcriptional regulation
down-regulates quantity by repression
0.31
The p21-activated kinase 5 (PAK5) is overexpressed in advanced cancer and the transcription factor E47 is a direct repressor of E-cadherin and inducer of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). |In this study, we found that PAK5-mediated E47 phosphorylation promoted EMT in advanced colon cancer. PAK5 interacted with E47 and phosphorylated E47 on Ser39 under hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) stimulation
SIGNOR-275654
Q9P1W9
P30304
1
phosphorylation
down-regulates quantity by destabilization
0.361
The proteasome-dependent degradation of CDC25A, seen in this study upon PIM-2 over-expression, suggests that PIM-2 promotes CDC25A phosphorylation that triggers its ubiquitylation.
SIGNOR-279750
P12268
P01106
0
transcriptional regulation
up-regulates quantity by expression
0.294
Analysis of in vivo C-MYC interactions with TS, IMPDH2 and PRPS2 genes confirmed that they are direct C-MYC targets. C-MYC depletion did not significantly affect levels of E2F1 protein reported to regulate expression of many S-phase specific genes, but resulted in the repression of several genes encoding enzymes rate-limiting for dNTP metabolism. These included thymidylate synthase (TS), inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase 2 (IMPDH2) and phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase 2 (PRPS2). C-MYC depletion also resulted in reduction in the amounts of deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates (dNTPs) and inhibition of proliferation.
SIGNOR-267375
Q92835
P07948
0
phosphorylation
up-regulates activity
0.509
In this line, Lyn has been demonstrated to tyrosine-phosphorylate and activate SHIP1, thereby constituting a negative feedback control of PI3K-mediated signals.
SIGNOR-279060
P08709
P05981
0
cleavage
up-regulates activity
0.347
Hepsin, a putative membrane-associated serine protease, activates human factor VII and initiates a pathway of blood coagulation on the cell surface leading to thrombin formation|In contrast, an activation cleavage site factor VII mutant, R152E factor VII, was not cleaved by hepsin-transfected cells, suggesting that factor VII and S344A factor VII were activated on these cells by cleavage of the Arg152-Ile153 peptide bond. I
SIGNOR-263638
Q9P1W9
Q92934
1
phosphorylation
down-regulates activity
0.391
All three Pim kinase family members predominantly phosphorylate Bad on Ser112 and in addition are capable of phosphorylating Bad on multiple sites associated with the inhibition of the pro-apoptotic function of Bad in HEK-293 cells. This would be consistent with the proposed function of Pim kinases in promoting cell proliferation and preventing cell death.
SIGNOR-249604
P63000
Q38SD2
0
phosphorylation
up-regulates activity
0.292
In vitro kinase assays confirmed that recombinant Lrrk1 phosphorylated RAC1-GST protein, and immunoprecipitation showed that the interaction of Lrrk1 with RAC1 occurred within 10 min after RANKL treatment.|Lrrk1 phosphorylates and activates RAC1 and Cdc42 small GTPase proteins in osteoclasts.
SIGNOR-279626
P30291
Q93096
1
phosphorylation
down-regulates activity
0.2
In this study , we found that WEE1 phosphorylates PRL1 and promotes PRL1 degradation .|In this study, we demonstrated that WEE1 phosphorylates and inhibits PRL1 to regulate alternative splicing of CYCD1;1 and CYCD3;1 , which may represent a new cell cycle control mechanism.
SIGNOR-278434
P06493
Q969R2
1
phosphorylation
up-regulates activity
0.2
CK1a1, JNK1 and CDK1 had the highest site-specific activity for ORP4L, while CDK1, GSK3a, CK1a1 and GSK3b showed the highest specificity for the site when corrected for background activity with ORP4L-S4A. Because of the complexity of the serine/proline-rich site, we did not determine which serine(s) in ORP4L were phosphorylated by candidate kinases.|We conclude that phosphorylation of a unique serine/proline motif in the ORD induces a conformation change in ORP4L that enhances interaction with vimentin and cholesterol extraction from membranes.
SIGNOR-264878
O96017
P10721
1
phosphorylation
up-regulates
0.286
In this report, we characterize the binding of sh2(chk) to specific phosphotyrosine sites on the c-kit protein sequence. the sh2(chk) binding to the two sites is direct and not through phosphorylated intermediates such as fyn or shc. this indicates that chk binds to the same site on c-kit to which fyn binds, possibly bringing the two into proximity on associated c-kit subunits and leading to the down-regulation of fyn by chk.
SIGNOR-197281
Q9BUZ4
O15111
0
phosphorylation
down-regulates
0.384
Traf4 is atypical within its family because it is the only traf family member to negatively regulate innate immune signaling. Ikk_'s phosphorylation of serine-426 on traf4 was required for this negative regulation.
SIGNOR-197253
P63252
P17612
0
phosphorylation
down-regulates activity
0.2
PKA consensus site S425 required for PKA-mediated effects on Kir2.1 channels. PKA activation reduced outward IK1 for heteromeric Kir2.1 WT+V227F channels after 2 hours of PKA activation.
SIGNOR-276267
P28482
Q9HAV4
1
phosphorylation
down-regulates activity
0.301
Here we show that ERK suppresses pre-miRNA export from the nucleus through phosphorylation of exportin-5 (XPO5) at T345/S416/S497. After phosphorylation by ERK, conformation of XPO5 is altered by prolyl isomerase Pin1, resulting in reduction of pre-miRNA loading. 
SIGNOR-262984
P22681
P08581
1
ubiquitination
down-regulates quantity by destabilization
0.732
Tyrosine y1001, which when phosphorylated upon met activation, is involved in cbl recruitment, allowing receptor ubiquitination and down regulation
SIGNOR-185680
Q9HC35
Q8TDX7
0
phosphorylation
up-regulates activity
0.274
The mitotic kinases NEK6 and NEK7 phosphorylated the EML4 N-terminal domain at Ser144 and Ser146 in vitro, and depletion of these kinases in cells led to increased EML4 binding to microtubules in mitosis. An S144A-S146A double mutant not only bound inappropriately to mitotic microtubules but also increased their stability and interfered with chromosome congression. In addition, constitutive activation of NEK6 or NEK7 reduced the association of EML4 with interphase microtubules. Together, these data support a model in which NEK6- and NEK7-dependent phosphorylation promotes the dissociation of EML4 from microtubules in mitosis in a manner that is required for efficient chromosome congression.
SIGNOR-273884
O43464
P31749
0
phosphorylation
down-regulates
0.322
Akt attenuation of the serine protease activity of htra2/omi through phosphorylation of serine 212
SIGNOR-252500
P04626
P22681
0
ubiquitination
down-regulates quantity by destabilization
0.601
Ligand binding to EGFR also leads to rapid internalization and proteosomal/lysosomal degradation of the receptors. This process results in a dramatic downregulation of both total and cell surface receptors. EGF-induced degradation of EGFR is thought to be initiated by phosphorylation of tyrosine 1045 of the receptor followed by binding of Cbl adaptor proteins and ubiquitination of the receptor. Internalized EGFR is transported to early endosomes where receptor-ligand complexes are sorted for either degradation or recycling to the cell surface.
SIGNOR-30794
Q9Y613
P12931
0
phosphorylation
up-regulates activity
0.306
Our results show that only Src can efficiently phosphorylate FHOD1 at Y99 to enable the downstream activation by ROCK.
SIGNOR-276612
P62136
Q03112
1
dephosphorylation
down-regulates activity
0.2
We also identified EVI1 phosphorylation sites by MS analysis and showed that Ser538 and Ser858 can be phosphorylated and dephosphorylated by two EVI1 interactome proteins, casein kinase II and protein phosphatase-1α. Finally, mutations that impair EVI1 phosphorylation at these sites reduced EVI1 DNA binding through its C-terminal zinc finger domain and induced cancer cell proliferation.
SIGNOR-273430
Q15796
P28482
0
phosphorylation
up-regulates
0.722
We show that phosphorylation of smad2, a mediator of the activin/transforming growth factor-beta signal, by activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 (erk1) increases the amount of smad2 protein and leads to enhanced transcriptional activity.
SIGNOR-91714
O43353
Q8N2H9
0
ubiquitination
up-regulates activity
0.374
Pellino3 directly bound to the kinase RIP2 and catalyzed its ubiquitination
SIGNOR-280452
P54252
O95155
0
polyubiquitination
down-regulates quantity by destabilization
0.578
Mammalian E4B (UFD2a), a ubiquitin chain assembly factor (E4), copurified with the polyubiquitylation activity for ataxin-3. E4B interacted with, and thereby mediated polyubiquitylation of, ataxin-3.  Collectively, these data suggest that E4B promotes the degradation of ataxin-3, and that this effect surmounts the stabilization of ataxin-3 conferred by expansion of the polyglutamine tract.
SIGNOR-271502
P06400
P67775
0
dephosphorylation
up-regulates
0.505
This dephosphorylation returns prb to its active, growth suppressive state.
SIGNOR-75398
P49841
P56524
1
phosphorylation
down-regulates
0.364
The double mutation of serines 298/302 into alanines, but also the sole mutation of serine 302, abolishes hdac4 phosphorylation by gsk3_we have shown that cells lacking gsk3_ are unable to degrade hdac4 after serum starvation
SIGNOR-170144
Q9UBF6
P67870
0
phosphorylation
up-regulates activity
0.329
In the present study, we show the evidence that CKBBP1 is phosphorylated on threonine residue at position 10 by CKII in vitro and in vivo. Most importantly, disruption of this phosphorylation in CKBBP1 results in accumulation of IκBα and p27Kip1 in HeLa cells and inhibits cell proliferation that appears to be linked to defects in G1/S transition.
SIGNOR-251081
P28482
P19525
1
phosphorylation
up-regulates
0.2
Our results provide strong evidence that dsrna binding is required for dimerization of full-length pkr molecules in vivo, leading to autophosphorylation in the activation loop and stimulation of the eif2alpha kinase function of pkr.
SIGNOR-56337
P05412
P45983
0
phosphorylation
up-regulates activity
0.907
JNK1 binds to the c-Jun transactivation domain and phosphorylates it on Ser-63 and Ser-73. The effect on AP-1 transcriptional activity results, in part, from enhanced phosphorylation of the c-Jun NH2-terminal activation domain.
SIGNOR-250122
Q9BV68
P38936
1
polyubiquitination
down-regulates quantity by destabilization
0.331
E3 ubiquitin ligase RNF126 promotes cancer cell proliferation by targeting the tumor suppressor p21 for ubiquitin-mediated degradation.We showed that RNF126 interacts with p21 and RNF126 overexpression increased p21 protein ubiquitination in an E3 ligase activity-dependent manner.
SIGNOR-272033
O43379
P45985
1
relocalization
up-regulates activity
0.2
In the WT brain, the WDR62 scaffold organizes a protein complex including MEKK3, MKK4/7, and JNK1 to control NPC development during corticogenesis
SIGNOR-271715
P00533
Q13555
0
phosphorylation
down-regulates activity
0.362
The mechanism of desensitization of kinase activity can be accounted for, in part, by the EGF-stimulated phosphorylation of the receptor at Ser1046/7, a substrate for the multifunctional calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II in vitro. Mutation of Ser1046/7 by replacement with Ala residues blocks desensitization of the EGF receptor protein-tyrosine kinase activity. 
SIGNOR-250694
Q9NQU5
Q00987
1
phosphorylation
up-regulates activity
0.2
We also showed that PAK6 phosphorylates Mdm2 on Thr-158 and Ser-186, which is critical for AR ubiquitin-mediated degradation.
SIGNOR-276428
O43318
Q8IVT5
1
phosphorylation
down-regulates
0.2
C-tak1 constitutively associates with mammalian ksr1 and phosphorylates serine 392 to confer 14-3-3 binding and cytoplasmic sequestration of ksr1 in unstimulated cells. In response to signal activation, the phosphorylation state of s392 is reduced, allowing the ksr1 complex to colocalize with activated ras and raf-1 at the plasma membrane
SIGNOR-112779
P53350
Q9H1A4
1
phosphorylation
up-regulates
0.524
Our analysis revealed an unexpected and unprecedented complexity of mitotic phosphorylation sites and suggests that other kinases than cdk1 and plk1 also contribute to apc phosphorylation.
SIGNOR-119881
Q8WXH4
P04843
1
polyubiquitination
down-regulates quantity by destabilization
0.357
We also demonstrated that ASB11 is a novel endoplasmic reticulum-associated ubiquitin ligase with the ability to interact and promote the ubiquitination of Ribophorin 1, an integral protein of the oligosaccharyltransferase (OST) glycosylation complex. Moreover, expression of ASB11 can increase Ribophorin 1 protein turnover in vivo. 
SIGNOR-272057
P40763
Q05655
0
phosphorylation
up-regulates
0.596
Abrogation of pkcdelta activity inhibited insulin-induced stat3 phosphorylation, pkcdelta-stat3 association and nuclear translocation.
SIGNOR-143828
P48729
Q99835
1
phosphorylation
up-regulates
0.521
We demonstrate that mammalian Smo (mSmo) is activated through multi-site phosphorylation of its carboxyl-terminal tail by CK1α and GRK2. Phosphorylation of mSmo induces its active conformation and simultaneously promotes its ciliary accumulation.
SIGNOR-174542
Q96PU5
Q9UQD0
1
ubiquitination
down-regulates quantity by destabilization
0.325
The control of Nav density at the cell membrane is crucial to ensuring normal neuronal excitability. Navs are subject to posttranslational modifications that may influence their cell membrane availability. Ubiquitylation is a key process that orchestrates the internalization and subsequent degradation or recycling of Navs. This is accomplished by ubiquitin protein ligases, such as NEDD4-2 (neuronal precursor cell expressed developmentally downregulated-4 type 2).
SIGNOR-253461
Q96KS0
O43791
0
ubiquitination
down-regulates quantity by destabilization
0.347
Tumor suppressor SPOP ubiquitinates and degrades EglN2 to compromise growth of prostate cancer cells
SIGNOR-261996
Q9HC35
Q9HC98
0
phosphorylation
up-regulates activity
0.253
The mitotic kinases NEK6 and NEK7 phosphorylated the EML4 N-terminal domain at Ser144 and Ser146 in vitro, and depletion of these kinases in cells led to increased EML4 binding to microtubules in mitosis. An S144A-S146A double mutant not only bound inappropriately to mitotic microtubules but also increased their stability and interfered with chromosome congression. In addition, constitutive activation of NEK6 or NEK7 reduced the association of EML4 with interphase microtubules. Together, these data support a model in which NEK6- and NEK7-dependent phosphorylation promotes the dissociation of EML4 from microtubules in mitosis in a manner that is required for efficient chromosome congression.
SIGNOR-273883
P11166
P01106
0
transcriptional regulation
up-regulates quantity
0.43
C-Myc directly transactivates genes encoding GLUT1, phosphofructokinase, and enolase and increases glucose uptake in Rat1 fibroblasts. Nuclear run-on studies confirmed that the GLUT1 transcriptional rate is elevated by c-Myc. Our findings suggest that overexpression of the c-Myc oncoprotein deregulates glycolysis through the activation of several components of the glucose metabolic pathway.
SIGNOR-259987
Q05397
Q05209
0
dephosphorylation
down-regulates activity
0.538
We demonstrate here that activated Ras induces tyrosine dephosphorylation and inhibition of FAK mediated by the Ras downstream Fgd1-Cdc42-PAK1-MEK-ERK signaling cascade.| PIN1 binding and prolyl isomerization of FAK cause PTP-PEST to interact with and dephosphorylate FAK Y397. Inhibition of FAK mediated by this signal relay promotes Ras-induced cell migration, invasion, and metastasis.
SIGNOR-248661
O14757
P30291
1
phosphorylation
up-regulates
0.611
Chk1 also phosphorylates and stabilizes wee1.
SIGNOR-163164
P01106
P08237
1
transcriptional regulation
up-regulates quantity
0.327
C-Myc directly transactivates genes encoding GLUT1, phosphofructokinase, and enolase and increases glucose uptake in Rat1 fibroblasts. Nuclear run-on studies confirmed that the GLUT1 transcriptional rate is elevated by c-Myc. Our findings suggest that overexpression of the c-Myc oncoprotein deregulates glycolysis through the activation of several components of the glucose metabolic pathway.
SIGNOR-259988
P98177
Q13131
0
phosphorylation
up-regulates
0.371
The energy sensor amp-activated protein kinase (ampk) has been shown to directly phosphorylate foxo factors at six regulatory sites that are distinct from the akt phosphorylation sites, resulting in foxo activation
SIGNOR-157947
Q92993
P00519
0
phosphorylation
down-regulates activity
0.647
We present evidence that Tip60 is modified on tyrosine 327 by Abl kinase. We show that this causes functional changes in HAT activity and the subcellular localization of TIP60, which forms a complex with Abl kinase. The Tip60 mutation Y327F abolished tyrosine phosphorylation, reduced the inhibition of Tip60 HAT activity, and caused G0-G1 arrest and association with FE65. 
SIGNOR-276598
P60953
O75044
0
gtpase-activating protein
down-regulates activity
0.604
We therefore developed a screening-compatible live-cell imaging assay, using FRET-based biosensors for the prototype GTPases RHOA, RAC1 and CDC4215,19,20 (Extended Data Fig. 2 and Supplementary Note 1)|We found catalytic activities for 45/75 RhoGEFs and 48/63 RhoGAPs| Our data thus not only reveal extensive promiscuity among regulators, but also that the inactivating RhoGAPs are less selective than the activating RhoGEFs (p-value=0.02)(Supplementary Table 2).
SIGNOR-260517
Q13177
P05412
1
phosphorylation
up-regulates
0.268
P21-activated protein kinase (pak2)-mediated c-jun phosphorylation at 5 threonine sites promotes cell transformationour data showed that pak2 binds and phosphorylates c-jun at five threonine sites (thr2, thr8, thr89, thr93 and thr286)
SIGNOR-170772
P17661
P15172
0
transcriptional regulation
down-regulates quantity by repression
0.24
MyoD and HDAC2 repress myogenic late genes at early times of differentiation.A time course of Ckm, Des and Acta1 gene expression demonstrated that these genes were prematurely expressed when differentiation was driven by myogenin and Mef2D1b (Figure _(Figure6A).6A). Since MyoD is not expressed under these conditions, it cannot bind to these genes; ChIP assays demonstrated that HDAC2 also was not present on the Ckm, Des and Acta1 regulatory sequences under these conditions (Figure _(Figure6B).6B). Therefore the presence of MyoD and HDAC2 prior to gene expression functions to repress late gene expression at early times of differentiation.
SIGNOR-241762
P51151
Q8IWJ2
1
null
up-regulates activity
0.54
Rab9-dependent transport from late endosomes to the Golgi requires the Rab9 effectors p40 (Diaz et al., 1997) and TIP47 (Diaz and Pfeffer, 1998), a protein that recognizes the cytoplasmic domains of the two types of MPRs and packages them into nascent transport vesicles (Carroll et al., 2001). MPR recycling also utilizes a TGN-localized coiled-coil protein named GCC185 that is also a Rab9 effector
SIGNOR-253087
P07947
P29317
0
phosphorylation
up-regulates activity
0.423
EphA2 interacts with YES1 and phosphorylates YES1 at Tyr426 site.
SIGNOR-277556
O75015
Q05481
0
transcriptional regulation
down-regulates quantity by repression
0.2
Thus, these results indicate that these cloned ZNF140 and ZNF91 proteins function as repressors for the human Fc gamma RIIB transcription.
SIGNOR-266215
P56945
Q13882
0
phosphorylation
up-regulates
0.599
Protein-tyrosine kinase 6 promotes peripheral adhesion complex formation and cell migration by phosphorylating p130 crk-associated substrate. Tyrosine residues 165 and 664 of p130cas were both phosphorylated by ptk6 in vitro
SIGNOR-177242
Q7Z6E9
P67809
1
ubiquitination
down-regulates quantity by destabilization
0.317
RBBP6 interacts with multifunctional protein YB-1 through its RING finger domain, leading to ubiquitination and proteosomal degradation of YB-1
SIGNOR-271773
P31749
P04049
1
phosphorylation
down-regulates
0.7
Akt and protein kinase a (pka) phosphorylate s259 on raf-1 and inhibit its activity.
SIGNOR-147963
P31749
Q07912
0
phosphorylation
up-regulates activity
0.427
Ack1 (also known as ACK or TNK2), which directly phosphorylates AKT at an evolutionarily conserved tyrosine 176 in the kinase domain. Tyr176-phosphorylated AKT localizes to the plasma membrane and promotes Thr308/Ser473-phosphorylation leading to AKT activation.
SIGNOR-252446
P45983
Q07820
1
phosphorylation
up-regulates
0.526
We found that jnk phosphorylated ser-121 and thr-163 of mcl-1 in response to stimulation with h(2)o(2) and that transfection of unphosphorylatable mcl-1 resulted in an enhanced anti-apoptotic activity in response to stimulation with h(2)o(2). Jnk-dependent phosphorylation and thus inactivation of mcl-1 may be one of the mechanisms through which oxidative stress induces cellular damage.
SIGNOR-92597
O43524
Q96BR1
0
phosphorylation
down-regulates activity
0.435
Protein kinase SGK mediates survival signals by phosphorylating the forkhead transcription factor FKHRL1 (FOXO3a)|However, SGK and Akt display differences with respect to the efficacy with which they phosphorylate the three regulatory sites on FKHRL1. While both kinases can phosphorylate Thr-32, SGK displays a marked preference for Ser-315 whereas Akt favors Ser-253. These findings suggest that SGK and Akt may coordinately regulate the function of FKHRL1 by phosphorylating this transcription factor at distinct sites. The efficient phosphorylation of these three sites on FKHRL1 by SGK and Akt appears to be critical to the ability of growth factors to suppress FKHRL1-dependent transcription, thereby preventing FKHRL1 from inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis.
SIGNOR-249135
Q05513
P35611
1
phosphorylation
up-regulates
0.2
These data demonstrate that adducin is a significant in vivo substrate for pkc or other pma-activated kinases in a variety of cells, and that phosphorylation of adducin occurs in dendritic spines that are believed to respond to external signals by changes in morphology and reorganization of cytoskeletal structures. Ser-726 and ser-713 in the c-terminal marcks-related domains of alpha- and beta-adducin, respectively, were identified as the major phosphorylation sites common for pka and pkc.
SIGNOR-43834
Q16206
Q05655
0
phosphorylation
up-regulates
0.2
Tnox is phosphorylated by protein kinase c_ (pkc_) both in vitro and in vivo. Replacement of serine-504 with alanine significantly reduces phosphorylation by pkc_. C. overexpression of the s504a tnox mutant leads to diminished cell proliferation and migration, reflecting reduced stability of the unphosphorylatable tnox mutant protein.
SIGNOR-197706
Q14164
P42224
1
phosphorylation
up-regulates
0.4
All stats are phosphorylated on at least one serine residue in their tad specifically, ser727 in stats 1 and 3 and ser721 in stat4. Stat serine kinases have been identified through the use of inhibitors, dominant-negative alleles, and in vitro kinase assays. They include mapk (p38mapk: stats 1, 3, 4;erk: stat3, 5;jnk: stat3), pkc_ (stat1, stat3), mtor (stat3), nlk (stat3 (42)), and camkii and ikk_ (stat1 (39, 40, 43)).STAT Serine phosphorylation regulates transcriptional activity (see below).
SIGNOR-154775
P20645
Q7Z6M1
0
relocalization
up-regulates activity
0.385
P40 is a very potent transport factor in that the pure, recombinant protein can stimulate, significantly, an in vitro transport assay that measures transport of mannose 6-phosphate receptors from endosomes to the trans-Golgi network. The functional importance of p40 is confirmed by the finding that anti-p40 antibodies inhibit in vitro transport. Finally, p40 shows synergy with Rab9 in terms of its ability to stimulate mannose 6-phosphate receptor transport. These data are consistent with a model in which p40 and Rab9 act together to drive the process of transport vesicle docking.
SIGNOR-253091
Q8IXL6
Q2M3R5
1
phosphorylation
up-regulates activity
0.2
Notably, phosphorylation of Stim1 by Fam20C enhances Stim1 activation and store-operated Ca 2+ entry.|We feel that the western blot shows an appropriate range of contrast to support the conclusion that Stim1 can be activated by Fam20C under high calcium conditions.
SIGNOR-280012
P42229
Q9Y6K1
1
transcriptional regulation
up-regulates quantity
0.326
… these data suggest that STAT5A positively regulates levels of DNMT3A, resulting in inactivation of tumor suppressor genes by epigenetic mechanisms in AML cells
SIGNOR-255631
P67775
Q9UIC8
0
methylation
up-regulates activity
0.908
Methylation of the carboxy-terminal Leu309 in a conserved TPDYFL309 motif of the C subunit has been shown to enhance the affinity of the PP2A core enzyme for some, but not all, regulatory subunits |The PP2A core enzyme was methylated by a PP2A-specific leucine carboxyl methyltransferase (LCMT1)
SIGNOR-265749
Q02750
P10398
0
phosphorylation
up-regulates
0.74
Our data demonstrated that a-raf is, indeed, a mek1 activator and may play a role in growth factor signaling|The immunoprecipitates were assayed for GST-MEK1 activation. D, activation of MEK1 by A-Raf requires the presence of serine residue 218 and 222.
SIGNOR-235944
P05362
Q86YJ5
0
ubiquitination
down-regulates quantity by destabilization
0.2
MARCH-IX expression causes ubiquitination and downregulation of ICAM-1 and a short alternative transcript of MARCH-IX lacking the RING-CH domain, termed MARCH-IX RINGless, is shown to act as a positive regulator of MARCH-IX activity.|MARCH-IX mediates ubiquitination and downregulation of ICAM-1.
SIGNOR-278821
P18031
P49841
0
phosphorylation
down-regulates quantity
0.469
GSK-3beta phosphorylates PTP1B at serine residues, and activation of GSK-3beta reduces the mRNA level of PTP1B.
SIGNOR-279724
Q86TM6
P10909
1
polyubiquitination
down-regulates quantity by destabilization
0.32
We also report that the ER-associated ubiquitin ligase Hrd1/synoviolin can interact with, and ubiquitinate clusterin. The fact that cleaved endogenous clusterin appears, under certain conditions, to be subject to polyubiquitination (Figure 2C) and proteasomal degradation (1, 2) strongly suggests that it passed through the secretory pathway before reaching the cytosol.
SIGNOR-272629
P55010
P67870
0
phosphorylation
up-regulates activity
0.379
Mass spectrometric analysis of maximally in vitro phosphorylated eIF5 localized the major phosphorylation sites at Ser-387 and Ser-388 near the C-terminus of eIF5. These serine residues are embedded within a cluster of acidic amino acid residues and account for nearly 90% of the total in vitro eIF5 phosphorylation. A minor phosphorylation site at Ser-174 was also observed. | The results suggest that phosphorylation of eIF5 may have a role in stimulating the rate of eIF5-promoted GTP hydrolysis.
SIGNOR-251070
P12931
P35228
1
phosphorylation
up-regulates
0.681
We identify human inos residue tyr(1055) as a target for src-mediated phosphorylation. src kinase-mediated phosphorylation stabilizes inducible nitric-oxide synthase in normal cells and cancer cells.
SIGNOR-188974
P30622
P06493
0
phosphorylation
up-regulates activity
0.49
Cdc2 phosphorylates T287|CLIP-170, the founding member of microtubule “plus ends tracking” proteins, is involved in many critical microtubule-related functions, including recruitment of dynactin to the microtubule plus ends and formation of kinetochore-microtubule attachments during metaphase. |These results demonstrate that Cdc2-mediated phosphorylation of CLIP-170 is essential for the normal function of this protein during cell cycle progression.
SIGNOR-275470
P84085
O43150
0
gtpase-activating protein
up-regulates activity
0.497
Pap is a multidomain protein composed of an N-terminal alpha-helical region with a coiled-coil motif, followed by a pleckstrin homology domain, an Arf-GAP domain, an ankyrin homology region, a proline-rich region, and a C-terminal SH3 domain.  In addition, in vitro recombinant Pap exhibits strong GTPase-activating protein (GAP) activity towards the small GTPases Arf1 and Arf5 and weak activity towards Arf6.  Pap protein exhibits Arf GAP activity in vitro.
SIGNOR-269707
Q00987
P67775
0
dephosphorylation
up-regulates activity
0.455
cyclin G also binds in vivo and in vitro to Mdm2 and markedly stimulates the ability of PP2A to dephosphorylate Mdm2 at T216. Consistent with these data, cyclin G null cells have both Mdm2 that is hyperphosphorylated at T216 and markedly higher levels of p53 protein when compared to wild-type cells
SIGNOR-248636
P06850
Q92731
0
transcriptional regulation
up-regulates quantity by expression
0.386
Evidence of direct estrogenic regulation of human corticotropin-releasing hormone gene expression. Potential implications for the sexual dimophism of the stress response and immune/inflammatory reaction.|Gel retardation and immunoprecipitation demonstrated specific association between the perfect half-palindromic EREs of hCRH gene and the DNA binding domain of hER in vitro.
SIGNOR-268722
P49841
P48436
1
phosphorylation
down-regulates activity
0.444
(E) The SOX9 K2 domain is phosphorylated by GSK3\u03b2 at T236.|Based on our findings that inhibition of GSK3\u03b2 prevents DNA damage-induced SOX9 degradation, and that FBW7 targets SOX9 for degradation after DNA damage, we reasoned that phosphorylation of SOX9 by GSK3\u03b2 is required for FBW7-mediated SOX9 degradation.
SIGNOR-279725
Q9Y3S1
Q9H4A3
1
phosphorylation
up-regulates activity
0.546
WNK1, which is activated in response to osmotic stress by phosphorylation of its T-loop residue (Ser382). | We found that wild-type WNK2 (Figure 8A) or WNK3 (Figure 8B) phosphorylated kinase-inactive WNK1 (1–667, D368A) at Ser382 in vitro.
SIGNOR-260790
P25685
Q8IW41
0
phosphorylation
up-regulates
0.463
Phosphorylation of heat shock protein 40 (hsp40/dnajb1) by mitogen-activated protein kinase-activated protein kinase 5 (mk5/prak). Mk5 phosphorylates hsp40/dnajb1 in vivo at ser-149 or/and ser-151 and ser-171 in the c-terminal domain of hsp40/dnajb1. Mk5 modestly stimulates the atp hydrolyse activity of hsp40/hsp70 complex and enhances the repression of heat shock factor 1 driven transcription by hsp40/dnajb1.
SIGNOR-203464
Q92934
P31751
0
phosphorylation
down-regulates
0.525
Ser-136 is the major phosphoacceptor site for akt;akt can weakly phosphorilate ser-155.
SIGNOR-81114
Q9UPT6
Q13464
0
phosphorylation
up-regulates
0.332
Identification of rock1 as an upstream activator of the jip-3 to jnk signaling axis in response to uvb damage. phosphorylation of jip-3 by rock1 was crucial for the recruitment of jnk. Inhibition of the activity of rock1 in keratinocytes resulted in decreased activation of the jnk pathway and thus a reduction in apoptosis.
SIGNOR-134588
P53350
O15350
1
phosphorylation
down-regulates
0.51
P73-mediated transcriptional activity is negatively regulated by polo-like kinase 1. tap73 is phosphorylated by this kinase on threonine-27 (thr-27) within the ta domain.
SIGNOR-178253
P51530
O96017
0
phosphorylation
up-regulates activity
0.526
We later observed that Dna2 phosphorylation by Cds1 is necessary for Dna2 association with chromatin in HU treated cells.
SIGNOR-279729
O14713
Q9UQM7
0
phosphorylation
up-regulates activity
0.307
The point mutation T38D localized within the optimal CaMKII recognition motif of ICAP-1alpha results in a strong defect in cell spreading which cannot be overcome by the inhibition of the endogenous CaMKII. This fact strongly suggests that the phosphorylation of Threonine 38 by CaMKII modulates the alpha5beta1 integrin function. Conversely, the mutation T38A produces an analog of ICAP-1alpha that cannot be phosphorylated and that stimulates cell spreading on fibronectin to a similar extent when CaMKII is inhibited.
SIGNOR-250632
Q9H9S0
Q9UGL1
0
transcriptional regulation
down-regulates quantity by repression
0.308
Phosphorylation of KDM5B at Ser1456 attenuated the occupancy of KDM5B on the promoters of pluripotency genes.
SIGNOR-273451