GleghornLab/Signor_2class · Datasets at Hugging Face

IdA string	IdB string	labels int64	mechanism string	effect string	score float64	sentence string	signor_id string
P10636	Q9UQM7	0	phosphorylation	down-regulates activity	0.596	We found that when tau was first phosphorylated by A-kinase, C-kinase, cdk5, or CaM kinase II and then by GSK-3, its binding to microtubules was inhibited by 45, 61, 78, and 79%, respectively. Further, the kinase combinations cdk5/GSK-3 and CaM kinase II/GSK-3 rapidly phosphorylated the sites Thr 231 and Ser 235. When these sites were individually replaced by Ala and the phosphorylation experiments repeated, tau binding to microtubules was inhibited by 54 and 71%, respectively. By comparison, when Ser 262 was replaced by Ala, tau binding to microtubules was inhibited by only 8% after phosphorylation by CaM kinase II.	SIGNOR-249315
P22830	Q16236	0	transcriptional regulation	up-regulates quantity by expression	0.322	NFE2L2 is stabilized and translocates to the nucleus, where it dimerizes with sMAF proteins. This complex binds to AREs to mediate the transcription of genes involved in iron metabolism, GSH metabolism, and ROS detoxification.Two critical enzymes in this pathway, ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 6 (ABCB6) and ferrochelatase (FECH), are regulated by the transcription factor NFE2L2 and play significant roles in inhibiting ferroptosis when upregulated.	SIGNOR-279865
Q96EB6	P19174	1	deacetylation	up-regulates activity	0.2	The histone acetyltransferase GCN5 (general control non-repressed protein 5) acetylates PGC-1alpha and suppresses its transcriptional activity, whereas sirtuin 1 deacetylates and activates PGC-1alpha.	SIGNOR-275499
Q9UPY8	Q96GD4	0	phosphorylation	up-regulates	0.472	Phosphorylation of eb3 at s176 by aurora b ensures successful cytokinesis completion by promoting midbody mt stability and midbody stabilization.	SIGNOR-202130
P48729	Q13009	1	phosphorylation	down-regulates quantity by destabilization	0.309	Phosphorylation of Ser329, Ser334, and Thr340 in Tiam1 is required for its interaction with βTrCP1. The proteolysis of Tiam1 is prevented by βTrCP silencing, inhibition of CK1 and MEK, or mutation of the Tiam1 degron site.	SIGNOR-276673
P18146	P18846	0	transcriptional regulation	up-regulates quantity by expression	0.275	Phosphorylated CREB and ATF1 then bind to the CRE of the egr-1 promoter and cause a stress-dependent transcriptional activation of this gene.	SIGNOR-271686
P53350	O60216	1	dephosphorylation	down-regulates quantity by destabilization	0.737	We suspected that the observed enhancement of Scc1's cleavability in the presence of Plk1 might be due to phosphorylation at two sites that are directly adjacent to the cleavage sites, Ser175 and Ser454, which we had found to be phosphorylated in mitosis in vivo (Table 1). We therefore mutated these two residues to alanine, thereby creating mutant Scc1-S175A/S454A (see Figure 1C), and tested the cleavability of this mutant in the absence or presence of Plk1 in vitro. \|Scc1 phosphorylation is dispensable for cohesin dissociation from chromosomes in early mitosis but enhances the cleavability of Scc1 by separase.	SIGNOR-275535
P11441	Q9UKV5	0	polyubiquitination	down-regulates activity	0.52	USP13 and gp78 control ubiquitination of Ubl4A.These data suggest that USP13 and gp78 play antagonizing roles in regulation of Ubl4A ubiquitination: While gp78 assembles ubiquitin chains on Ubl4A, USP13 antagonizes this activity to limit Ubl4A ubiquitination.Ubiquitination of Ubl4A preferentially occurs on Lys48. We identify the Bag6 cofactor Ubl4A as a shared substrate of gp78 and USP13. USP13 depletion is associated with hyper-ubiquitination of Ubl4A and altered interaction between the Bag6 complex and its co-chaperone SGTA. Because the interaction of Ubl4A with SGTA is mediated by positively-charged residues in Ubl4A including Lys48 (Chartron et al., 2012; Xu et al., 2012), which happens to be the major ubiquitination site, the simplest model to explain reduced Bag6-SGTA interaction in USP13 knockdown cells is that ubiquitin conjugates on Ubl4A sterically hinder SGTA binding.	SIGNOR-272856
Q16625	P05129	0	phosphorylation	up-regulates activity	0.307	Protein kinase C regulates the phosphorylation and cellular localization of occludin. Ser(338) of occludin was identified as an in vitro protein kinase C phosphorylation site using peptide mass fingerprint analysis and electrospray ionization tandem mass spectroscopy. Both the phosphorylation of occludin and its incorporation into tight junctions induced by calcium switch were markedly inhibited by the PKC inhibitor GF-109203X.	SIGNOR-249107
O75173	P16112	1	cleavage	down-regulates quantity by destabilization	0.767	Aggrecan Degradation in Human Cartilage Evidence for both Matrix Metalloproteinase and Aggrecanase Activity in Normal, Osteoarthritic, and Rheumatoid Joints\|Stromelysin-1 (MMP-3), as well as other MMPs, cleave aggrecan in the interglobular domain between Asn341 and Phe342 to generate a G1 fragment with the COOH terminus VDIPEN341 (11–13). This fragment has been isolated and identified by NH2-terminal sequence analysis from human OA cartilage (11). A second proteolytic activity identified as “aggrecanase” also cleaves aggrecan in the interglobular domain, but between Glu373 and Ala374 (19–24), generating a G1 fragment with a COOH terminus of NITEGE373	SIGNOR-266984
Q02156	Q5JXC2	1	phosphorylation	up-regulates activity	0.2	Here, we show that EGF stimulation induces PKCε-dependent phosphorylation of migration and invasion inhibitory protein (MIIP) at Ser303; this phosphorylation promotes the interaction between MIIP and RelA in the nucleus, by which MIIP prevents histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6)-mediated RelA deacetylation, and thus enhances transcriptional activity of RelA and facilitates tumor metastasis.	SIGNOR-273828
P40259	Q9NRF2	0	dephosphorylation	down-regulates activity	0.2	SHP-1 is recruited by the phosphorylated ITIM-bearing receptors such as CD22 and it dephosphorylates proximal BCR signaling molecules such as CD79, SYK, BLNK.	SIGNOR-268458
P78549	P06493	0	phosphorylation	up-regulates activity	0.33	The main cell cycle kinase Cdk1 directly phosphorylates and activates the trehalase Nth1 to trigger the flux of storage carbohydrates into central carbon metabolism.	SIGNOR-278916
Q9UKV5	Q99574	1	polyubiquitination	down-regulates quantity by destabilization	0.296	In this study, we demonstrate that two ER-associated E3 ligases, Hrd1 and gp78, are involved in the ubiquitination and degradation of mutant neuroserpin.	SIGNOR-272756
P07948	P42679	0	phosphorylation	down-regulates activity	0.333	In vitro phosphorylation assays showed that Chk suppressed Lyn activity by phosphorylating its C-terminal negative regulatory tyrosine.	SIGNOR-250177
O00444	Q96RT7	1	phosphorylation	up-regulates activity	0.701	Plk4 interacts with and phosphorylates GCP6. we show that GCP6 is an integral component of the centriole and required for centriole duplication. Moreover, we find that GCP6 interacts in vitro and in vivo with Plk4. We show that phosphorylation of GCP6 by Plk4 is required for Plk4-induced centriole overduplication.	SIGNOR-262902
P68431	Q05655	0	phosphorylation	up-regulates activity	0.2	We identify protein kinase c-delta as the kinase responsible for h3t45ph in vitro and in vivo. Given the nucleosomal position of h3t45, we postulate that h3t45ph induces structural change within the nucleosome to facilitate dna nicking and/or fragmentation.	SIGNOR-185144
P31751	P67775	0	dephosphorylation	down-regulates activity	0.748	Overexpression of BTBD10 increased phosphorylation levels of Akts at both Thr(308) and Ser(473) while the reduction of the endogenous BTBD10 level resulted in a decrease in the phosphorylation levels of Akts. In vitro analysis indicated that BTBD10 bound to protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) and inhibited dephosphorylation of Akts by PP2A.	SIGNOR-248632
P31946	P45983	0	phosphorylation	down-regulates	0.2	The c-jun n-terminal kinase (jnk) protein is activated in the cellular response to dna damage and phosphorylates 14-3-3 on ser 184 these results support a role for 14-3-3 proteins in inhibiting c-abl-mediated apoptosis by sequestering c-abl into the cytoplasm. these findings support a model in which jnk phosphorylation of 14-3-3 proteins induces dissociation of the c-abl_14-3-3 complex and thereby targeting of c-abl to the nucleus.	SIGNOR-133875
P49137	P53350	1	phosphorylation	up-regulates	0.349	Here, we have identified mk2 as a major plk1 kinase toward ser326, whose phosphorylation is critical to recruit ?-Tubulin to centrosomes and subsequent establishment of functional bipolar spindles. To our knowledge, this is the first direct evidence to demonstrate that the essential function of plk1 in centrosome maturation and bipolar spindle formation is controlled by its upstream kinase.	SIGNOR-179968
P12318	P06241	0	phosphorylation	up-regulates activity	0.534	To identify the FcgammaRII-phosphorylating protein tyrosine kinase (PTK), we used the combination of an in vitro and an in vivo approach. In an in vitro assay using recombinant cytoplasmic tails of the different FcgammaRII isoforms as well as tyrosine exchange mutants, we show that each of the BCR-associated PTKs (Lyn, Blk, Fyn, and Syk) shows different phosphorylation patterns with regard to the different FcgammaR isoforms and point\|Fyn and Blk definitely phosphorylate Y-282 in the ITAM of Fc_RIIa/c, whereas the non-ITAM tyrosine residue (Y-275) becomes phosphorylated by Syk, as the phosphorylation of double point mutants shows. In addi-tion to these tyrosine residues, Fyn, Blk, and Syk might phosphorylate the most C-terminal tyrosine residue (Y-298) because altering this tyrosine residue together with one of the tyrosine residues clearly shown to be phosphorylated by the respective PTK results in the abrogation of phosphorylation.	SIGNOR-249336
P17612	O14558	1	phosphorylation	down-regulates	0.2	Hosphorylation of hsp20 at ser16 is not only associated with cyclic nucleotide-dependent vasorelaxation but also inhibits agonist-induced contractile responses.	SIGNOR-66493
P27361	Q9BUB5	1	phosphorylation	up-regulates	0.576	Mnk1 was phosphorylated and activated in vitro by erk1 and p38 map kinasespreliminary results showed that thr344 at least was one of the major sites phosphorylated by erk1	SIGNOR-48360
Q16236	P06241	0	phosphorylation	down-regulates quantity	0.4	Fyn phosphorylates Nrf2 Y568, resulting in nuclear export and degradation of Nrf2.\|Fyn phosphorylates Nrf2Y568 resulting in nuclear export and degradation of Nrf2.	SIGNOR-278358
P17252	O60479	1	phosphorylation	down-regulates activity	0.307	Dlx3 is primarily phosphorylated by PKC alpha. By deletion and mutational analysis, we show that the serine residue S(138), located in the homeodomain of Dlx3 protein, was specifically phosphorylated by PKC. The phosphorylation of purified Dlx3 proteins by PKC partially inhibited formation of complexes between Dlx3 protein and DNA. These results suggest that Dlx3 protein can be directly phosphorylated by PKC and this affects the DNA binding activity of Dlx3.	SIGNOR-249096
Q96MS0	P23528	1	post transcriptional regulation	up-regulates quantity by expression	0.2	Slit2 causes the miRNA miR-182 to release cofilin1 mRNA, potentiating cofilin1 local translation and resulting in growth cone collapse. The use of morpholinos or RNAi to knockdown robo2 and robo3 in X. laevis RGCs, would be useful to further confirm that Robo2 and Robo3 are the receptors involved in Slit2-dependent cofilin1 translation.	SIGNOR-268379
Q9Y6Q9	P17612	0	phosphorylation	up-regulates	0.364	Herein, we report the successful identification of six functional in vivo src-3 phosphorylation sites.	SIGNOR-129349
P0DPK5	Q92831	0	acetylation	down-regulates activity	0.2	The HAT module within the SAGA and ADA complexes acetylates histone H3, mainly on residues K9 and K14.	SIGNOR-269615
Q92769	P68400	0	phosphorylation	up-regulates	0.619	Protein kinase ck2-mediated phosphorylation of hdac2 regulates co-repressor formation, deacetylase activity and acetylation of hdac2 by cigarette smoke and aldehydesstudies using unfractionated cell extracts with ck2 inhibitors suggest that protein kinase ck2 is the major source of hdac2 kinase. Finally, and perhaps most interesting, hdac2 phosphorylation promotes enzymatic activity, selectively regulates complex formation, but has no effect on transcriptional repression. Together, our data indicate that like many hdacs, hdac2 is regulated by post-translational modification, particularly phosphorylation.	SIGNOR-164795
P28482	Q15648	1	phosphorylation	up-regulates	0.354	We demonstrate that erk phosphorylates trap220/med1 in vivo at two specific sites: threonine 1032 and threonine 1457. importantly, we found that erk phosphorylation significantly increases the stability and half-life of trap220/med1 in vivo and correlates with increased thyroid hormone receptor-dependent transcription.	SIGNOR-142462
P68400	Q15019	1	phosphorylation	down-regulates	0.2	Here we show that human septin 2 is phosphorylated in vivo at ser218 by casein kinase ii. Septin 2 binds and hydrolyses gtp. The purified protein has the capacity to polymerize into long filaments when loaded with gtp or gdp. Moreover, we show that the endogenous protein in hela cells, like that produced in insect cells, is phosphorylated by casein kinase ii and that this phosphorylation alters nucleotide binding.	SIGNOR-148010
Q15329	P45973	1	transcriptional regulation	down-regulates quantity by repression	0.2	We identified for E2F5 a repressor function for HP1a expression.	SIGNOR-261591
P18848	Q96I59	1	transcriptional regulation	up-regulates quantity by expression	0.2	QRICH1 promotes the expression of translation-related genes. our combined ChIP-seq and RNA-seq analyses identified that QRICH1 and ATF4 were enriched at the promoters of these specific tRNA synthetases, and that ER stress positively regulated their transcription (Fig. 4I). Together, these findings suggest that QRICH1 and ATF4 modulate tRNA metabolic processes to promote secreted protein synthesis during ER stress.	SIGNOR-269423
P53350	Q13526	1	phosphorylation	up-regulates	0.424	Here we demonstrate that ser-65 in pin1 is the major site for plk1-specific phosphorylation, and the polo-box domain of plk1 is required for this phosphorylation. Interestingly, the phosphorylation of pin1 by plk1 does not affect its isomerase activity but rather is linked to its protein stability. pin1 is ubiquitinated in hela s3 cells, and substitution of glu for ser-65 reduces the ubiquitination of pin1.	SIGNOR-139919
P12757	Q6ZNA4	0	polyubiquitination	down-regulates quantity by destabilization	0.723	Upon TGF-β induction, interaction of Arkadia with phosphorylated Smad2 triggers degradation of SnoN, whereas upon arsenic treatment, interaction of Arkadia with poly-SUMO in PML nuclear bodies induces degradation of polysumoylated PML together with RNF4.	SIGNOR-272885
Q7LDG7	P28482	0	phosphorylation	down-regulates activity	0.396	ERK2 phosphorylates RasGRP2 at Ser394 located in the linker region implicated in its autoinhibition.	SIGNOR-279537
P67809	P53350	0	phosphorylation	up-regulates quantity	0.253	Here we identify that PLK1 inhibition can induce apoptosis and DNA damage of GSCs, we have also delineat the possible underlying molecular mechanisms: PLK1 interacts with YBX1 and directly phosphorylates serine 174 and serine 176 of YBX1.\|Inhibition of PLK1 reduces the phosphorylation level of YBX1, and decreased phosphorylation of YBX1 prevents its nuclear translocation, thereby inducing apoptosis and DNA damage of GSCs.	SIGNOR-279255
P30307	P43405	0	phosphorylation	down-regulates activity	0.36	SYK Phosphorylates CDC25C on Serine 216.\|We now provide new genetic and biochemical evidence that SYK is an inhibitor of CDC25C in B-lineage lymphoid cells as well as non lymphohematopoietic cells, that prevents premature entry into mitosis by phosphorylating CDC25C at S216 when G 2 checkpoint responses are activated.	SIGNOR-278328
O00418	P06493	0	phosphorylation	down-regulates	0.368	Phosphorylation at ser359 inhibits eef2k activity even at high calcium concentrations. we demonstrate that cdc2 contributes to controlling eef2 phosphorylation in cells. inactivation of eef2k by cdc2 may serve to keep eef2 active during mitosis	SIGNOR-177982
Q13627	P37840	1	phosphorylation	up-regulates	0.561	In vitro kinase assay of anti-dyrk1a immunocomplexes demonstrated that dyrk1a could phosphorylate alpha-synuclein at ser-87. Furthermore, aggregates formed by phosphorylated alpha-synuclein have a distinct morphology and are more neurotoxic compared with aggregates composed of unmodified wild type alpha-synuclein. These findings suggest alpha-synuclein inclusion formation regulated by dyrk1a, potentially affecting neuronal cell viability.	SIGNOR-149393
P63000	Q15669	0	relocalization	down-regulates activity	0.41	Therefore, RhoH functions as a Rac1 antagonist by inhibiting Rac1 translocation to the cell plasma membrane in the regulation of cell migration and F-actin assembly of HPCs	SIGNOR-259085
P29803	P24752	0	acetylation	down-regulates activity	0.2	We previously reported that the mitochondrial fraction of FLT3 activates acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase ACAT1 in mitochondria via Y407 phosphorylation to acetylate and inhibit mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase A (PDHA) and PDH phosphatase 1 (PDP1)	SIGNOR-267634
O15344	Q9P0W2	1	polyubiquitination	down-regulates quantity by destabilization	0.244	The E3 ubiquitin ligase MID1/TRIM18 promotes atypical ubiquitination of the BRCA2-associated factor 35, BRAF35. MID1 is implicated in BRAF35 ubiquitination promoting atypical poly-ubiquitination via K6-, K27- and K29-linkages. We found that MID1 depletion alters BRAF35 localization in these structures and increases BRAF35 stability affecting its cytoplasmic abundance	SIGNOR-272317
P06213	Q05397	1	phosphorylation	up-regulates activity	0.353	P125(Fak) sequence comprising amino acids 568-582, which contains tyrosines 576 and 577 of the kinase domain regulatory loop, is phosphorylated by the insulin receptor. p125(Fak) phosphorylation by the receptor results in its activation.	SIGNOR-251323
Q14289	O15259	1	phosphorylation	up-regulates activity	0.461	Pyk2 Induces Tyrosine Phosphorylation of NPHP1 at Tyr 46, Tyr 349, and Tyr 721.\|The expression of wild-type Pyk2 enhances the amount of co-precipitating PACS-1 with wild-type NPHP1 compared with the presence of the kinase-dead variant of Pyk2.	SIGNOR-278272
Q8IVH8	P46940	1	phosphorylation	up-regulates activity	0.2	GLK directly phosphorylated IQGAP1 at Ser-480 enhancing Cdc42 activation and subsequent cell migration.	SIGNOR-277479
Q7KZI7	Q7L804	1	phosphorylation	up-regulates	0.42	We identified the kinase that phosphorylated rab11-fip2 as mark2/emk1/par-1balpha (mark2), and recombinant mark2 phosphorylated rab11-fip2 only on serine 227. In calcium switch assays, cells expressing rab11-fip2(s227a) showed a defect in the timely reestablishment of p120-containing junctional complexes.	SIGNOR-147118
P06213	P23469	0	dephosphorylation	down-regulates activity	0.285	In this study, we showed that receptor-type PTPepsilon (PTP epsilonM) dephosphorylated IR in rat primary hepatocytes and tyrosines 972, 1158, 1162 and 1163\| These results suggest that PTPepsilonM is a negative regulator of IR signaling and involved in insulin-induced glucose metabolism mainly through direct dephosphorylation and inactivation of IR in hepatocytes and liver.	SIGNOR-248444
Q02156	P78352	1	phosphorylation	up-regulates quantity	0.285	PKCepsilon directly phosphorylated PSD-95 and JNK1 in vitro Inhibiting PKCepsilon, JNK, or calcium/calmodulin dependent kinase II activity prevented the effects of PKCepsilon activators on PSD-95 phosphorylation.\|These results indicate that PKCepsilon promotes synaptogenesis by activating PSD-95 phosphorylation directly through JNK1 and calcium/calmodulin dependent kinase II and also by inducing expression of PSD-95 and synaptophysin.	SIGNOR-280087
Q8IXJ6	P12931	0	phosphorylation	down-regulates quantity by destabilization	0.291	In this study, we investigated the potential regulation of SIRT2 function by c-Src. We found that the protein levels of SIRT2 were decreased by c-Src, and subsequently rescued by the addition of a Src specific inhibitor, SU6656, or by siRNA-mediated knockdown of c-Src. The c-Src interacts with and phosphorylates SIRT2 at Tyr104.	SIGNOR-263104
P06493	Q15149	1	phosphorylation	down-regulates	0.388	Identification of plectin as a substrate of p34cdc2 kinase and mapping of a single phosphorylation site. threonine 4542 was identified as the major target for the kinase. Phosphorylation of plectin by cyclin-dependent kinase 1/cyclin b (cdk1/cycb) kinase has been reported to abolish its cross-linking function during mitosis. Here, we induced phosphorylation of plectin in prepared fractions of hela cells by adding activated cdk1/cycb kinase. Consequently, there was significant dissociation of the centrosome from the nuclear membrane.	SIGNOR-41319
Q9NTX7	O95271	1	ubiquitination	down-regulates quantity	0.723	We show that RNF146, tankyrase, and Axin form a protein complex, and that RNF146 mediates ubiquitylation of all three proteins to target them for proteasomal degradation.	SIGNOR-260004
P49757	Q14012	0	phosphorylation	down-regulates	0.334	Based on experiments using numb mutants, both the initial phosphorylation of ser(264) and the subsequent phosphorylation of ser(283) are sufficient to abolish the binding of numb to ap-2.	SIGNOR-149993
P18031	P35968	1	dephosphorylation	down-regulates activity	0.418	This led to increased PTPN1 (PTP1b)-mediated dephosphorylation of VEGFR2 at Y 1175 , the site involved in activating ERK signaling.	SIGNOR-277011
P00533	O14965	0	phosphorylation	up-regulates activity	0.393	Because AURKA associated with EGFR, we next investigated whether AURKA phosphorylates EGFR at Thr654 and Ser1046.\|Protein phosphorylation profiling using an in situ proximity ligation assay: phosphorylation of AURKA-elicited EGFR-Thr654 and EGFR-Ser1046 in lung cancer cells.	SIGNOR-279589
O15511	P17252	0	phosphorylation	up-regulates activity	0.2	PKC\u03b1 phosphorylates and activates ARPC5, which organizes the actin net dorsolateral of nucleus.	SIGNOR-280078
P42575	Q96GD4	0	phosphorylation	up-regulates activity	0.244	Furthermore, in vitro phosphorylation using GST-Casp2 363-423 WT or S384A confirmed that S384 of caspase-2 is phosphorylated by AURKB.	SIGNOR-279496
P35354	Q13469	0	transcriptional regulation	up-regulates quantity by expression	0.371	NFAT induces the transcription of the COX2 (cyclo-oxygenase-2) gene incancer cells thereby enhancing invasive migration	SIGNOR-264025
Q9HAU4	P53804	0	ubiquitination	down-regulates quantity	0.2	Tribbles homolog 3 ( TRB3 ) and Tetratricopeptide Repeat Domain 3 ( TTC3 ) directly ubiquitinate Smurf2 , thereby mediating Smurf2 degradation in a proteasome-dependent manner .\|Tribbles homolog 3 (TRB3) and Tetratricopeptide Repeat Domain 3 (TTC3) directly ubiquitinate Smurf2, thereby mediating Smurf2 degradation in a proteasome dependent manner.	SIGNOR-278739
P78352	Q06787	0	post transcriptional regulation	up-regulates quantity	0.473	These results point toward a novel mechanism by which FUS targets neuronal mRNA and given that these PSD-95 and Shank1 3'-UTR G quadruplex structures are also targeted by the fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP), they raise the possibility that FUS and FMRP might work together to regulate the translation of these neuronal mRNA targets.	SIGNOR-262108
O96006	P25398	1	transcriptional regulation	up-regulates quantity by expression	0.2	HDRE-like sequences act as positive regulatory elements for RP gene promoter activities in vivo. \| Cotransfection of a plasmid expressing hDREF increased luciferase expression directed by each RP gene promoter more than 30% compared with the values obtained without the hDREF-expressing plasmid.	SIGNOR-266084
P31943	Q15554	1	post transcriptional regulation	down-regulates quantity	0.334	During neuronal differentiation, use of an alternative splice site on the rat telomere repeat-binding factor 2 (TRF2) mRNA generates a short TRF2 protein isoform (TRF2-S) capable of derepressing neuronal genes. However, the RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) controlling this splicing event are unknown. Here, using affinity pull-down analysis, we identified heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins H1 and H2(HNRNPH) as RBPs specifically capable of interacting with the spliced RNA segment (exon 7) of Trf2 pre-mRNA. HNRNPH proteins prevent the production of the short isoform of Trf2 mRNA, as HNRNPH silencing selectively elevates TRF2-S levels.	SIGNOR-266807
Q15398	Q9UPX8	1	relocalization	up-regulates activity	0.452	SHANK proteins are ‘master’ scaffolding proteins that tether and organize intermediate scaffolding proteins. They are located at excitatory synapses, where they are crucial for proper synaptic development and function. SAPAP proteins subsequently bind to the PDZ domain of members of the SHANK protein family. SHANK proteins then bind to the actin cytoskeleton and to Homer protein, which in turn interacts with mGluRs. Through these extended links, PSD95, SAPAP, SHANK and Homer proteins form a quaternary complex that brings together mGluR and NMDAR complexes in the PSD (FIG. 3).	SIGNOR-264599
P28482	Q96Q27	1	phosphorylation	up-regulates activity	0.265	Indeed, using mass spectrometry, we showed for the first time that ASB2a is phosphorylated and that phosphorylation of serine-323 (Ser-323) of ASB2a is crucial for the targeting of the actin-binding protein filamin A (FLNa) to degradation. \|Moreover, inhibition of the extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (Erk1/2) activity reduced ASB2a-mediated FLNa degradation.	SIGNOR-272240
P29474	P05129	0	phosphorylation	down-regulates activity	0.2	The phosphorylation of both S617 and S635 have also been shown to promote increased eNOS-derived NO release (Michell et al., 2002). The phosphorylaiton of S617 can be induced by PKA or Akt activity, and may serve to sensitize eNOS to calmodulin binding and modulate the phosphorylation of other eNOS sites	SIGNOR-251633
Q75N03	P07355	1	ubiquitination	down-regulates quantity by destabilization	0.2	By immunoprecipitation, we present evidence that Hakai interacts with Hsp90 chaperone complex in several epithelial cells and demonstrate that is a novel Hsp90 client protein. Interestingly, by overexpressing and knocking-down experiments with Hakai, we identified Annexin A2 as a Hakai-regulated protein. Interestingly, geldanamycin-induced Hakai degradation is accompanied by an increased expression of E-cadherin and Annexin A2.	SIGNOR-271473
P53350	P35568	1	phosphorylation	down-regulates activity	0.267	Phosphorylation of ser24 in the pleckstrin homology domain of insulin receptor substrate-1 by mouse pelle-like kinase/interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase\| irs-1 mutants s24d or s24e (mimicking phosphorylation at ser(24)) had impaired ability to associate with insulin receptors resulting in diminished tyrosine phosphorylation of irs-1 and impaired ability of irs-1 to bind and activate pi-3 kinase in response to insulin.	SIGNOR-135688
Q86VB7	P67870	0	phosphorylation	up-regulates activity	0.307	Interaction of CD163 with the regulatory subunit of casein kinase II (CKII) and dependence of CD163 signaling on CKII and protein kinase C. \| Inhibition studies using specific kinase inhibitors reveal that both CKII and PKC are involved in the CD163 signaling mechanism resulting in the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines.	SIGNOR-251056
P35790	Q9H6E5	1	phosphorylation	up-regulates activity	0.2	Our data indicate that the kinase activities of both the isoforms of CKI -- alpha and epsilon modulate Star-PAP polyadenylation activity and target mRNAs.\|Taken together, these data suggest that phosphorylation of Star-PAP by CKI modulates the Star-PAP polyadenylation activity downstream of stimulation by oxidant stress and phosphorylation primes Star-PAP, so that it can be stimulated by PI4,5 P 2.	SIGNOR-279162
Q9HA47	Q96RU2	0	deubiquitination	up-regulates quantity by stabilization	0.2	We demonstrated that the ubiquitin E3 ligase KLHL2 interacted with UCK1 and mediated its polyubiquitination at the K81 residue and degradation. We showed that deubiquitinase USP28 antagonized KLHL2-mediated polyubiquitylation of UCK1.	SIGNOR-275855
P17612	P25054	1	phosphorylation	down-regulates activity	0.307	Changing a serine residue (Ser(2054)) to aspartic acid mutated the potential protein kinase A site adjacent to NLS2(APC), resulting in both inhibition of the NLS2(APC)-mediated nuclear import of a chimeric beta-galactosidase fusion protein and a reduction of full-length APC nuclear localization.	SIGNOR-250335
Q9NWF9	P58753	1	ubiquitination	down-regulates quantity by destabilization	0.387	Triad3A promotes proteolytic degradation of adapter proteins. A, Triad3A promotes down-regulation of TIRAP, TRIF, and RIP1 proteins.	SIGNOR-271607
Q13237	Q12778	1	phosphorylation	up-regulates activity	0.356	Biochemical assays using mammalian cGKII and FoxO1 reveal that cGKII enhances the transcriptional activity of FoxO1 through phosphorylation of the FoxO1 S319 site in the same manner as LRRK2.	SIGNOR-279564
Q9ULT6	Q9ULV1	1	ubiquitination	down-regulates quantity	0.565	Here we show that the cell-surface transmembrane E3 ubiquitin ligase zinc and ring finger 3 (ZNRF3) and its homologue ring finger 43 (RNF43) are negative feedback regulators of Wnt signalling. ZNRF3 is associated with the Wnt receptor complex, and inhibits Wnt signalling by promoting the turnover of frizzled and LRP6.	SIGNOR-260115
O43189	P31260	1	transcriptional regulation	down-regulates quantity by repression	0.285	These data support the proposed regulatory impact of particular PRC2-proteins in expression of HOXA9 and HOXA10 in NK/T-cells. In mammalian cells knockdown of PRC2 components EZH2 or PHF1 led to upregulated HOXA gene expression.	SIGNOR-260071
P27361	Q14790	1	phosphorylation	down-regulates	0.717	We demonstrate that perk 1/2 can phosphorylate pro-caspase-8 at s387 by knocking-down the endogenous pro-caspase-8 using rnai and replacing it with its non-phosphorylatable counterpart (s387a), a significant increase in caspase-8 activity	SIGNOR-203480
Q92985	P51617	0	phosphorylation	up-regulates activity	0.792	These data indicate that IRAK-1, but not IRAK-4, phosphorylates IRF7 in vitro.	SIGNOR-278235
Q04206	P17612	0	phosphorylation	up-regulates	0.516	The transcriptional activity of nf-kappa b is stimulated upon phosphorylation of its p65 subunit on serine 276 by protein kinase a (pka).	SIGNOR-58972
Q15375	Q5JZY3	1	phosphorylation	up-regulates activity	0.504	By using co-immunoprecipitation, we demonstrated physical interaction between kinase-deficient EPHA10 with kinase-sufficient EPHA7 receptor. we speculate that the kinase activity of EPHA7 cross-phosphorylates EPHA10.	SIGNOR-273873
Q02750	P67775	0	dephosphorylation	down-regulates	0.559	In particular, p38 mapk activity stimulates the physical association between ppa2 and mkk1/2- erk1/2 complex, leading to mkk1/2 dephosphorilation by pp2a.	SIGNOR-166649
Q7KZI7	P49841	0	phosphorylation	down-regulates activity	0.349	MARK family kinases can be activated by phosphorylation of a conserved threonine (Thr-208 in MARK2), and inactivated by phosphorylation of a serine (Ser-212), both in the activation loop of the catalytic domain. Activation is achieved by the kinases MARKK/TAO1 or LKB1, although the inactivating kinase was unknown. We show here that GSK3beta serves the role of the inhibitory kinase.	SIGNOR-276163
Q13568	Q9UHD2	0	phosphorylation	up-regulates	0.541	Activation of interferon regulatory factor 5 by site specific phosphorylation. Although the gene induction by irf5 in the presence of tbk-1 was modest, phosphorylation by tbk-1 produced a significant shift in the mobility of irf5 in sds-page. For this reason we identified the residues that are phosphorylated on irf5 by tbk-1 with mass spectrometry. Ser-158 and ser-309 were found to be phosphorylated	SIGNOR-196528
P51812	Q8IX03	1	phosphorylation	up-regulates	0.2	Moreover, we found that rsk1/2 specifically phosphorylates kibra at two highly conserved sites (thr(929) and ser(947)) in vitro and in cells. Rsk-mediated phosphorylation is required for kibra binding to rsk1, but not rsk2.	SIGNOR-203302
Q15848	Q8NBJ5	0	palmitoylation	up-regulates activity	0.2	We conclude that GLT25D1 regulates HMW adiponectin secretion and lipid accumulation, consistent with changes in mice after high-fat feeding. These results suggest a novel function of GLT25D1 leading to decreased HMW adiponectin secretion in early obesity.	SIGNOR-261149
P67775	Q13315	1	dephosphorylation	down-regulates activity	0.333	Ionizing radiation induces autophosphorylation of the ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) protein kinase on serine 1981; however, the precise mechanisms that regulate ATM activation are not fully understood. Here, we show that the protein phosphatase inhibitor okadaic acid (OA) induces autophosphorylation of ATM on serine 1981 in unirradiated cells at concentrations that inhibit protein phosphatase 2A-like activity in vitro.	SIGNOR-248644
P20042	Q13144	0	guanine nucleotide exchange factor	up-regulates activity	0.877	EIF2B converts the protein synthesis initiation factor 2 (eIF2) from an inactive GDP-bound form to an active eIF2-GTP complex owing to its guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) activity.	SIGNOR-269128
Q96Q15	Q92900	1	phosphorylation	up-regulates	0.971	Smg-1 directly phosphorylates upf1 helicase, another key component of nmd, upon recognition of ptc on postspliced mrna during the initial round of translation. Phosphorylated-upf1 recruits the smg-5/smg-7 complex to induce ribosome dissociation and decapping-mediated decay. T28 and s1096 are responsible for phospho-specific recruitment of smg-6 to the n-terminal conserved region, and the smg-5/smg-7 heterodimer complex to the c-terminal sq-rich region of upf1, respectively	SIGNOR-200785
Q9H7Z6	P49327	1	acetylation	down-regulates quantity by destabilization	0.2	Overexpression of Myc-KAT8 increased the acetylation level of endogenous FASN by 2.2-fold (Fig. 3C). In contrast, knockdown of KAT8 decreased endogenous FASN acetylation by as much as 55%	SIGNOR-267366
P04150	Q14469	0	transcriptional regulation	down-regulates quantity by repression	0.2	HES1 binding to the promoter of the NC3C1 gene inhibits its expression and results in insufficient production of the encoded glucocorticoid receptor- rendering these cells resistant to treatment with dexamethasone	SIGNOR-251674
P04179	Q9NTG7	0	deacetylation	up-regulates activity	0.654	SOD2 is the key substrate of SIRT3 in mitochondria. The combination of SIRT3 and SOD2 leads to the deacetylation and activation of SOD2	SIGNOR-267646
Q3KR16	Q96GD4	0	phosphorylation	up-regulates	0.254	In this study we report that aurora b-mediated phosphorylation of myogef at thr-544 creates a docking site for plk1, leading to the localization and activation of myogef at the central spindle.	SIGNOR-204534
Q07812	Q9P2R6	0	relocalization	up-regulates activity	0.2	We detected RERE protein mainly in the nucleus, where it colocalizes with the promyelocytic leukemia protein in promyelocytic leukemia oncogenic domains (PODs). Overexpression of RERE recruits a fraction of the proapoptotic protein BAX to PODS: This observation correlates with RERE-induced apoptosis, which occurs in a caspase-dependent manner.	SIGNOR-264485
P19429	O75914	0	phosphorylation	down-regulates	0.2	In vitro addition of pak3 to skinned rat cardiac fibres increased myofilament ca2+ sensitivity with no change in maximal ca2+-activated force [67]. These effects were associated with pak3-induced phosphorylation of myofilament proteins, including ctni which was phosphorylated at a novel site, ser149, located in the region forming a ca2+-sensitive interaction with the n-terminal regulatory domain of tnc.	SIGNOR-134593
O14733	P45983	1	phosphorylation	up-regulates	0.699	Jnk is activated by jnk-activating kinase 1 (jnkk1), a dual specificity protein kinase that phosphorylates jnk on threonine 183 and tyrosine 185 residues.	SIGNOR-51199
Q02156	P29353	1	phosphorylation	up-regulates activity	0.2	Among them, Ser(29) in p52(Shc) (equivalent to Ser(138) in p66(Shc)) was phosphorylated only after TPA stimulation. Phosphorylation of this site together with the intact phosphotyrosine-binding domain was essential for ShcA binding to the protein-tyrosine phosphatase PTP-PEST. TPA-induced ShcA phosphorylation at this site (and hence, its association with PTP-PEST) was inhibited by a protein kinase C-specific inhibitor and was induced by overexpression of constitutively active mutants of protein kinase Calpha, -epsilon, and -delta isoforms.	SIGNOR-263048
Q13554	Q9NQC7	1	phosphorylation	up-regulates	0.2	Purified camkii phosphorylates cyld on at least three residues (s-362, s-418, and s-772 on the human cyld protein q9nqc7-1) and promotes its deubiquitinase activity.	SIGNOR-91403
Q9UKV8	Q9Y243	0	phosphorylation	up-regulates	0.423	Phosphorylation of argonaute 2 at serine-387 facilitates its localization to processing bodies, akt3-mediated phosphorylation of ago2 is a molecular switch between target mrna cleavage and translational repression activities of ago2	SIGNOR-178416
Q08999	P24941	0	phosphorylation	down-regulates	0.849	When expressed in u2os cells, the phosphorylation-deficient mutant p130(delta)(cdk4), in which the cdk4 specific sites were mutated to alanine residues, imposed a more sustained g1 arrest than a constitutively active prb(delta)(cdk), known to repress all cellular e2f activity	SIGNOR-87492
P29350	P08922	1	dephosphorylation	down-regulates	0.368	Overexpression of shp-1 results in ros dephosphorylation and effectively downregulates ros-dependent proliferation and transformation. We propose that shp-1 is an important downstream regulator of ros signaling.	SIGNOR-105922
Q92993	P46531	1	acetylation	down-regulates	0.414	This result implies that the residues k2019, k2039, k2044, and k2068 of notch1-ic are the major targets of the acetyltransferase activity of tip60.	SIGNOR-156923

P10636

Q9UQM7

0

phosphorylation

down-regulates activity

0.596

We found that when tau was first phosphorylated by A-kinase, C-kinase, cdk5, or CaM kinase II and then by GSK-3, its binding to microtubules was inhibited by 45, 61, 78, and 79%, respectively. Further, the kinase combinations cdk5/GSK-3 and CaM kinase II/GSK-3 rapidly phosphorylated the sites Thr 231 and Ser 235. When these sites were individually replaced by Ala and the phosphorylation experiments repeated, tau binding to microtubules was inhibited by 54 and 71%, respectively. By comparison, when Ser 262 was replaced by Ala, tau binding to microtubules was inhibited by only 8% after phosphorylation by CaM kinase II.

SIGNOR-249315

P22830

Q16236

0

transcriptional regulation

up-regulates quantity by expression

0.322

NFE2L2 is stabilized and translocates to the nucleus, where it dimerizes with sMAF proteins. This complex binds to AREs to mediate the transcription of genes involved in iron metabolism, GSH metabolism, and ROS detoxification.Two critical enzymes in this pathway, ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 6 (ABCB6) and ferrochelatase (FECH), are regulated by the transcription factor NFE2L2 and play significant roles in inhibiting ferroptosis when upregulated.

SIGNOR-279865

Q96EB6

P19174

1

deacetylation

up-regulates activity

0.2

The histone acetyltransferase GCN5 (general control non-repressed protein 5) acetylates PGC-1alpha and suppresses its transcriptional activity, whereas sirtuin 1 deacetylates and activates PGC-1alpha.

SIGNOR-275499

Q9UPY8

Q96GD4

0

phosphorylation

up-regulates

0.472

Phosphorylation of eb3 at s176 by aurora b ensures successful cytokinesis completion by promoting midbody mt stability and midbody stabilization.

SIGNOR-202130

P48729

Q13009

1

phosphorylation

down-regulates quantity by destabilization

0.309

Phosphorylation of Ser329, Ser334, and Thr340 in Tiam1 is required for its interaction with βTrCP1. The proteolysis of Tiam1 is prevented by βTrCP silencing, inhibition of CK1 and MEK, or mutation of the Tiam1 degron site.

SIGNOR-276673

P18146

P18846

0

transcriptional regulation

up-regulates quantity by expression

0.275

Phosphorylated CREB and ATF1 then bind to the CRE of the egr-1 promoter and cause a stress-dependent transcriptional activation of this gene.

SIGNOR-271686

P53350

O60216

1

dephosphorylation

down-regulates quantity by destabilization

0.737

We suspected that the observed enhancement of Scc1's cleavability in the presence of Plk1 might be due to phosphorylation at two sites that are directly adjacent to the cleavage sites, Ser175 and Ser454, which we had found to be phosphorylated in mitosis in vivo (Table 1). We therefore mutated these two residues to alanine, thereby creating mutant Scc1-S175A/S454A (see Figure 1C), and tested the cleavability of this mutant in the absence or presence of Plk1 in vitro. |Scc1 phosphorylation is dispensable for cohesin dissociation from chromosomes in early mitosis but enhances the cleavability of Scc1 by separase.

SIGNOR-275535

P11441

Q9UKV5

0

polyubiquitination

down-regulates activity

0.52

USP13 and gp78 control ubiquitination of Ubl4A.These data suggest that USP13 and gp78 play antagonizing roles in regulation of Ubl4A ubiquitination: While gp78 assembles ubiquitin chains on Ubl4A, USP13 antagonizes this activity to limit Ubl4A ubiquitination.Ubiquitination of Ubl4A preferentially occurs on Lys48. We identify the Bag6 cofactor Ubl4A as a shared substrate of gp78 and USP13. USP13 depletion is associated with hyper-ubiquitination of Ubl4A and altered interaction between the Bag6 complex and its co-chaperone SGTA. Because the interaction of Ubl4A with SGTA is mediated by positively-charged residues in Ubl4A including Lys48 (Chartron et al., 2012; Xu et al., 2012), which happens to be the major ubiquitination site, the simplest model to explain reduced Bag6-SGTA interaction in USP13 knockdown cells is that ubiquitin conjugates on Ubl4A sterically hinder SGTA binding.

SIGNOR-272856

Q16625

P05129

0

phosphorylation

up-regulates activity

0.307

Protein kinase C regulates the phosphorylation and cellular localization of occludin. Ser(338) of occludin was identified as an in vitro protein kinase C phosphorylation site using peptide mass fingerprint analysis and electrospray ionization tandem mass spectroscopy. Both the phosphorylation of occludin and its incorporation into tight junctions induced by calcium switch were markedly inhibited by the PKC inhibitor GF-109203X.

SIGNOR-249107

O75173

P16112

1

cleavage

down-regulates quantity by destabilization

0.767

Aggrecan Degradation in Human Cartilage Evidence for both Matrix Metalloproteinase and Aggrecanase Activity in Normal, Osteoarthritic, and Rheumatoid Joints|Stromelysin-1 (MMP-3), as well as other MMPs, cleave aggrecan in the interglobular domain between Asn341 and Phe342 to generate a G1 fragment with the COOH terminus VDIPEN341 (11–13). This fragment has been isolated and identified by NH2-terminal sequence analysis from human OA cartilage (11). A second proteolytic activity identified as “aggrecanase” also cleaves aggrecan in the interglobular domain, but between Glu373 and Ala374 (19–24), generating a G1 fragment with a COOH terminus of NITEGE373

SIGNOR-266984

Q02156

Q5JXC2

1

phosphorylation

up-regulates activity

0.2

Here, we show that EGF stimulation induces PKCε-dependent phosphorylation of migration and invasion inhibitory protein (MIIP) at Ser303; this phosphorylation promotes the interaction between MIIP and RelA in the nucleus, by which MIIP prevents histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6)-mediated RelA deacetylation, and thus enhances transcriptional activity of RelA and facilitates tumor metastasis.

SIGNOR-273828

P40259

Q9NRF2

0

dephosphorylation

down-regulates activity

0.2

SHP-1 is recruited by the phosphorylated ITIM-bearing receptors such as CD22 and it dephosphorylates proximal BCR signaling molecules such as CD79, SYK, BLNK.

SIGNOR-268458

P78549

P06493

0

phosphorylation

up-regulates activity

0.33

The main cell cycle kinase Cdk1 directly phosphorylates and activates the trehalase Nth1 to trigger the flux of storage carbohydrates into central carbon metabolism.

SIGNOR-278916

Q9UKV5

Q99574

1

polyubiquitination

down-regulates quantity by destabilization

0.296

In this study, we demonstrate that two ER-associated E3 ligases, Hrd1 and gp78, are involved in the ubiquitination and degradation of mutant neuroserpin.

SIGNOR-272756

P07948

P42679

0

phosphorylation

down-regulates activity

0.333

In vitro phosphorylation assays showed that Chk suppressed Lyn activity by phosphorylating its C-terminal negative regulatory tyrosine.

SIGNOR-250177

O00444

Q96RT7

1

phosphorylation

up-regulates activity

0.701

Plk4 interacts with and phosphorylates GCP6. we show that GCP6 is an integral component of the centriole and required for centriole duplication. Moreover, we find that GCP6 interacts in vitro and in vivo with Plk4. We show that phosphorylation of GCP6 by Plk4 is required for Plk4-induced centriole overduplication.

SIGNOR-262902

P68431

Q05655

0

phosphorylation

up-regulates activity

0.2

We identify protein kinase c-delta as the kinase responsible for h3t45ph in vitro and in vivo. Given the nucleosomal position of h3t45, we postulate that h3t45ph induces structural change within the nucleosome to facilitate dna nicking and/or fragmentation.

SIGNOR-185144

P31751

P67775

0

dephosphorylation

down-regulates activity

0.748

Overexpression of BTBD10 increased phosphorylation levels of Akts at both Thr(308) and Ser(473) while the reduction of the endogenous BTBD10 level resulted in a decrease in the phosphorylation levels of Akts. In vitro analysis indicated that BTBD10 bound to protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) and inhibited dephosphorylation of Akts by PP2A.

SIGNOR-248632

P31946

P45983

0

phosphorylation

down-regulates

0.2

The c-jun n-terminal kinase (jnk) protein is activated in the cellular response to dna damage and phosphorylates 14-3-3 on ser 184 these results support a role for 14-3-3 proteins in inhibiting c-abl-mediated apoptosis by sequestering c-abl into the cytoplasm. these findings support a model in which jnk phosphorylation of 14-3-3 proteins induces dissociation of the c-abl_14-3-3 complex and thereby targeting of c-abl to the nucleus.

SIGNOR-133875

P49137

P53350

1

phosphorylation

up-regulates

0.349

Here, we have identified mk2 as a major plk1 kinase toward ser326, whose phosphorylation is critical to recruit ?-Tubulin to centrosomes and subsequent establishment of functional bipolar spindles. To our knowledge, this is the first direct evidence to demonstrate that the essential function of plk1 in centrosome maturation and bipolar spindle formation is controlled by its upstream kinase.

SIGNOR-179968

P12318

P06241

0

phosphorylation

up-regulates activity

0.534

To identify the FcgammaRII-phosphorylating protein tyrosine kinase (PTK), we used the combination of an in vitro and an in vivo approach. In an in vitro assay using recombinant cytoplasmic tails of the different FcgammaRII isoforms as well as tyrosine exchange mutants, we show that each of the BCR-associated PTKs (Lyn, Blk, Fyn, and Syk) shows different phosphorylation patterns with regard to the different FcgammaR isoforms and point|Fyn and Blk definitely phosphorylate Y-282 in the ITAM of Fc_RIIa/c, whereas the non-ITAM tyrosine residue (Y-275) becomes phosphorylated by Syk, as the phosphorylation of double point mutants shows. In addi-tion to these tyrosine residues, Fyn, Blk, and Syk might phosphorylate the most C-terminal tyrosine residue (Y-298) because altering this tyrosine residue together with one of the tyrosine residues clearly shown to be phosphorylated by the respective PTK results in the abrogation of phosphorylation.

SIGNOR-249336

P17612

O14558

1

phosphorylation

down-regulates

0.2

Hosphorylation of hsp20 at ser16 is not only associated with cyclic nucleotide-dependent vasorelaxation but also inhibits agonist-induced contractile responses.

SIGNOR-66493

P27361

Q9BUB5

1

phosphorylation

up-regulates

0.576

Mnk1 was phosphorylated and activated in vitro by erk1 and p38 map kinasespreliminary results showed that thr344 at least was one of the major sites phosphorylated by erk1

SIGNOR-48360

Q16236

P06241

0

phosphorylation

down-regulates quantity

0.4

Fyn phosphorylates Nrf2 Y568, resulting in nuclear export and degradation of Nrf2.|Fyn phosphorylates Nrf2Y568 resulting in nuclear export and degradation of Nrf2.

SIGNOR-278358

P17252

O60479

1

phosphorylation

down-regulates activity

0.307

Dlx3 is primarily phosphorylated by PKC alpha. By deletion and mutational analysis, we show that the serine residue S(138), located in the homeodomain of Dlx3 protein, was specifically phosphorylated by PKC. The phosphorylation of purified Dlx3 proteins by PKC partially inhibited formation of complexes between Dlx3 protein and DNA. These results suggest that Dlx3 protein can be directly phosphorylated by PKC and this affects the DNA binding activity of Dlx3.

SIGNOR-249096

Q96MS0

P23528

1

post transcriptional regulation

up-regulates quantity by expression

0.2

Slit2 causes the miRNA miR-182 to release cofilin1 mRNA, potentiating cofilin1 local translation and resulting in growth cone collapse. The use of morpholinos or RNAi to knockdown robo2 and robo3 in X. laevis RGCs, would be useful to further confirm that Robo2 and Robo3 are the receptors involved in Slit2-dependent cofilin1 translation.

SIGNOR-268379

Q9Y6Q9

P17612

0

phosphorylation

up-regulates

0.364

Herein, we report the successful identification of six functional in vivo src-3 phosphorylation sites.

SIGNOR-129349

P0DPK5

Q92831

0

acetylation

down-regulates activity

0.2

The HAT module within the SAGA and ADA complexes acetylates histone H3, mainly on residues K9 and K14.

SIGNOR-269615

Q92769

P68400

0

phosphorylation

up-regulates

0.619

Protein kinase ck2-mediated phosphorylation of hdac2 regulates co-repressor formation, deacetylase activity and acetylation of hdac2 by cigarette smoke and aldehydesstudies using unfractionated cell extracts with ck2 inhibitors suggest that protein kinase ck2 is the major source of hdac2 kinase. Finally, and perhaps most interesting, hdac2 phosphorylation promotes enzymatic activity, selectively regulates complex formation, but has no effect on transcriptional repression. Together, our data indicate that like many hdacs, hdac2 is regulated by post-translational modification, particularly phosphorylation.

SIGNOR-164795

P28482

Q15648

1

phosphorylation

up-regulates

0.354

We demonstrate that erk phosphorylates trap220/med1 in vivo at two specific sites: threonine 1032 and threonine 1457. importantly, we found that erk phosphorylation significantly increases the stability and half-life of trap220/med1 in vivo and correlates with increased thyroid hormone receptor-dependent transcription.

SIGNOR-142462

P68400

Q15019

1

phosphorylation

down-regulates

0.2

Here we show that human septin 2 is phosphorylated in vivo at ser218 by casein kinase ii. Septin 2 binds and hydrolyses gtp. The purified protein has the capacity to polymerize into long filaments when loaded with gtp or gdp. Moreover, we show that the endogenous protein in hela cells, like that produced in insect cells, is phosphorylated by casein kinase ii and that this phosphorylation alters nucleotide binding.

SIGNOR-148010

Q15329

P45973

1

transcriptional regulation

down-regulates quantity by repression

0.2

We identified for E2F5 a repressor function for HP1a expression.

SIGNOR-261591

P18848

Q96I59

1

transcriptional regulation

up-regulates quantity by expression

0.2

QRICH1 promotes the expression of translation-related genes. our combined ChIP-seq and RNA-seq analyses identified that QRICH1 and ATF4 were enriched at the promoters of these specific tRNA synthetases, and that ER stress positively regulated their transcription (Fig. 4I). Together, these findings suggest that QRICH1 and ATF4 modulate tRNA metabolic processes to promote secreted protein synthesis during ER stress.

SIGNOR-269423

P53350

Q13526

1

phosphorylation

up-regulates

0.424

Here we demonstrate that ser-65 in pin1 is the major site for plk1-specific phosphorylation, and the polo-box domain of plk1 is required for this phosphorylation. Interestingly, the phosphorylation of pin1 by plk1 does not affect its isomerase activity but rather is linked to its protein stability. pin1 is ubiquitinated in hela s3 cells, and substitution of glu for ser-65 reduces the ubiquitination of pin1.

SIGNOR-139919

P12757

Q6ZNA4

0

polyubiquitination

down-regulates quantity by destabilization

0.723

Upon TGF-β induction, interaction of Arkadia with phosphorylated Smad2 triggers degradation of SnoN, whereas upon arsenic treatment, interaction of Arkadia with poly-SUMO in PML nuclear bodies induces degradation of polysumoylated PML together with RNF4.

SIGNOR-272885

Q7LDG7

P28482

0

phosphorylation

down-regulates activity

0.396

ERK2 phosphorylates RasGRP2 at Ser394 located in the linker region implicated in its autoinhibition.

SIGNOR-279537

P67809

P53350

0

phosphorylation

up-regulates quantity

0.253

Here we identify that PLK1 inhibition can induce apoptosis and DNA damage of GSCs, we have also delineat the possible underlying molecular mechanisms: PLK1 interacts with YBX1 and directly phosphorylates serine 174 and serine 176 of YBX1.|Inhibition of PLK1 reduces the phosphorylation level of YBX1, and decreased phosphorylation of YBX1 prevents its nuclear translocation, thereby inducing apoptosis and DNA damage of GSCs.

SIGNOR-279255

P30307

P43405

0

phosphorylation

down-regulates activity

0.36

SYK Phosphorylates CDC25C on Serine 216.|We now provide new genetic and biochemical evidence that SYK is an inhibitor of CDC25C in B-lineage lymphoid cells as well as non lymphohematopoietic cells, that prevents premature entry into mitosis by phosphorylating CDC25C at S216 when G 2 checkpoint responses are activated.

SIGNOR-278328

O00418

P06493

0

phosphorylation

down-regulates

0.368

Phosphorylation at ser359 inhibits eef2k activity even at high calcium concentrations. we demonstrate that cdc2 contributes to controlling eef2 phosphorylation in cells. inactivation of eef2k by cdc2 may serve to keep eef2 active during mitosis

SIGNOR-177982

Q13627

P37840

1

phosphorylation

up-regulates

0.561

In vitro kinase assay of anti-dyrk1a immunocomplexes demonstrated that dyrk1a could phosphorylate alpha-synuclein at ser-87. Furthermore, aggregates formed by phosphorylated alpha-synuclein have a distinct morphology and are more neurotoxic compared with aggregates composed of unmodified wild type alpha-synuclein. These findings suggest alpha-synuclein inclusion formation regulated by dyrk1a, potentially affecting neuronal cell viability.

SIGNOR-149393

P63000

Q15669

0

relocalization

down-regulates activity

0.41

Therefore, RhoH functions as a Rac1 antagonist by inhibiting Rac1 translocation to the cell plasma membrane in the regulation of cell migration and F-actin assembly of HPCs

SIGNOR-259085

P29803

P24752

0

acetylation

down-regulates activity

0.2

We previously reported that the mitochondrial fraction of FLT3 activates acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase ACAT1 in mitochondria via Y407 phosphorylation to acetylate and inhibit mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase A (PDHA) and PDH phosphatase 1 (PDP1)

SIGNOR-267634

O15344

Q9P0W2

1

polyubiquitination

down-regulates quantity by destabilization

0.244

The E3 ubiquitin ligase MID1/TRIM18 promotes atypical ubiquitination of the BRCA2-associated factor 35, BRAF35. MID1 is implicated in BRAF35 ubiquitination promoting atypical poly-ubiquitination via K6-, K27- and K29-linkages. We found that MID1 depletion alters BRAF35 localization in these structures and increases BRAF35 stability affecting its cytoplasmic abundance

SIGNOR-272317

P06213

Q05397

1

phosphorylation

up-regulates activity

0.353

P125(Fak) sequence comprising amino acids 568-582, which contains tyrosines 576 and 577 of the kinase domain regulatory loop, is phosphorylated by the insulin receptor. p125(Fak) phosphorylation by the receptor results in its activation.

SIGNOR-251323

Q14289

O15259

1

phosphorylation

up-regulates activity

0.461

Pyk2 Induces Tyrosine Phosphorylation of NPHP1 at Tyr 46, Tyr 349, and Tyr 721.|The expression of wild-type Pyk2 enhances the amount of co-precipitating PACS-1 with wild-type NPHP1 compared with the presence of the kinase-dead variant of Pyk2.

SIGNOR-278272

Q8IVH8

P46940

1

phosphorylation

up-regulates activity

0.2

GLK directly phosphorylated IQGAP1 at Ser-480 enhancing Cdc42 activation and subsequent cell migration.

SIGNOR-277479

Q7KZI7

Q7L804

1

phosphorylation

up-regulates

0.42

We identified the kinase that phosphorylated rab11-fip2 as mark2/emk1/par-1balpha (mark2), and recombinant mark2 phosphorylated rab11-fip2 only on serine 227. In calcium switch assays, cells expressing rab11-fip2(s227a) showed a defect in the timely reestablishment of p120-containing junctional complexes.

SIGNOR-147118

P06213

P23469

0

dephosphorylation

down-regulates activity

0.285

In this study, we showed that receptor-type PTPepsilon (PTP epsilonM) dephosphorylated IR in rat primary hepatocytes and tyrosines 972, 1158, 1162 and 1163| These results suggest that PTPepsilonM is a negative regulator of IR signaling and involved in insulin-induced glucose metabolism mainly through direct dephosphorylation and inactivation of IR in hepatocytes and liver.

SIGNOR-248444

Q02156

P78352

1

phosphorylation

up-regulates quantity

0.285

PKCepsilon directly phosphorylated PSD-95 and JNK1 in vitro Inhibiting PKCepsilon, JNK, or calcium/calmodulin dependent kinase II activity prevented the effects of PKCepsilon activators on PSD-95 phosphorylation.|These results indicate that PKCepsilon promotes synaptogenesis by activating PSD-95 phosphorylation directly through JNK1 and calcium/calmodulin dependent kinase II and also by inducing expression of PSD-95 and synaptophysin.

SIGNOR-280087

Q8IXJ6

P12931

0

phosphorylation

down-regulates quantity by destabilization

0.291

In this study, we investigated the potential regulation of SIRT2 function by c-Src. We found that the protein levels of SIRT2 were decreased by c-Src, and subsequently rescued by the addition of a Src specific inhibitor, SU6656, or by siRNA-mediated knockdown of c-Src. The c-Src interacts with and phosphorylates SIRT2 at Tyr104.

SIGNOR-263104

P06493

Q15149

1

phosphorylation

down-regulates

0.388

Identification of plectin as a substrate of p34cdc2 kinase and mapping of a single phosphorylation site. threonine 4542 was identified as the major target for the kinase. Phosphorylation of plectin by cyclin-dependent kinase 1/cyclin b (cdk1/cycb) kinase has been reported to abolish its cross-linking function during mitosis. Here, we induced phosphorylation of plectin in prepared fractions of hela cells by adding activated cdk1/cycb kinase. Consequently, there was significant dissociation of the centrosome from the nuclear membrane.

SIGNOR-41319

Q9NTX7

O95271

1

ubiquitination

down-regulates quantity

0.723

We show that RNF146, tankyrase, and Axin form a protein complex, and that RNF146 mediates ubiquitylation of all three proteins to target them for proteasomal degradation.

SIGNOR-260004

P49757

Q14012

0

phosphorylation

down-regulates

0.334

Based on experiments using numb mutants, both the initial phosphorylation of ser(264) and the subsequent phosphorylation of ser(283) are sufficient to abolish the binding of numb to ap-2.

SIGNOR-149993

P18031

P35968

1

dephosphorylation

down-regulates activity

0.418

This led to increased PTPN1 (PTP1b)-mediated dephosphorylation of VEGFR2 at Y 1175 , the site involved in activating ERK signaling.

SIGNOR-277011

P00533

O14965

0

phosphorylation

up-regulates activity

0.393

Because AURKA associated with EGFR, we next investigated whether AURKA phosphorylates EGFR at Thr654 and Ser1046.|Protein phosphorylation profiling using an in situ proximity ligation assay: phosphorylation of AURKA-elicited EGFR-Thr654 and EGFR-Ser1046 in lung cancer cells.

SIGNOR-279589

O15511

P17252

0

phosphorylation

up-regulates activity

0.2

PKC\u03b1 phosphorylates and activates ARPC5, which organizes the actin net dorsolateral of nucleus.

SIGNOR-280078

P42575

Q96GD4

0

phosphorylation

up-regulates activity

0.244

Furthermore, in vitro phosphorylation using GST-Casp2 363-423 WT or S384A confirmed that S384 of caspase-2 is phosphorylated by AURKB.

SIGNOR-279496

P35354

Q13469

0

transcriptional regulation

up-regulates quantity by expression

0.371

NFAT induces the transcription of the COX2 (cyclo-oxygenase-2) gene incancer cells thereby enhancing invasive migration

SIGNOR-264025

Q9HAU4

P53804

0

ubiquitination

down-regulates quantity

0.2

Tribbles homolog 3 ( TRB3 ) and Tetratricopeptide Repeat Domain 3 ( TTC3 ) directly ubiquitinate Smurf2 , thereby mediating Smurf2 degradation in a proteasome-dependent manner .|Tribbles homolog 3 (TRB3) and Tetratricopeptide Repeat Domain 3 (TTC3) directly ubiquitinate Smurf2, thereby mediating Smurf2 degradation in a proteasome dependent manner.

SIGNOR-278739

P78352

Q06787

0

post transcriptional regulation

up-regulates quantity

0.473

These results point toward a novel mechanism by which FUS targets neuronal mRNA and given that these PSD-95 and Shank1 3'-UTR G quadruplex structures are also targeted by the fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP), they raise the possibility that FUS and FMRP might work together to regulate the translation of these neuronal mRNA targets.

SIGNOR-262108

O96006

P25398

1

transcriptional regulation

up-regulates quantity by expression

0.2

HDRE-like sequences act as positive regulatory elements for RP gene promoter activities in vivo. | Cotransfection of a plasmid expressing hDREF increased luciferase expression directed by each RP gene promoter more than 30% compared with the values obtained without the hDREF-expressing plasmid.

SIGNOR-266084

P31943

Q15554

1

post transcriptional regulation

down-regulates quantity

0.334

During neuronal differentiation, use of an alternative splice site on the rat telomere repeat-binding factor 2 (TRF2) mRNA generates a short TRF2 protein isoform (TRF2-S) capable of derepressing neuronal genes. However, the RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) controlling this splicing event are unknown. Here, using affinity pull-down analysis, we identified heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins H1 and H2(HNRNPH) as RBPs specifically capable of interacting with the spliced RNA segment (exon 7) of Trf2 pre-mRNA. HNRNPH proteins prevent the production of the short isoform of Trf2 mRNA, as HNRNPH silencing selectively elevates TRF2-S levels.

SIGNOR-266807

Q15398

Q9UPX8

1

relocalization

up-regulates activity

0.452

SHANK proteins are ‘master’ scaffolding proteins that tether and organize intermediate scaffolding proteins. They are located at excitatory synapses, where they are crucial for proper synaptic development and function. SAPAP proteins subsequently bind to the PDZ domain of members of the SHANK protein family. SHANK proteins then bind to the actin cytoskeleton and to Homer protein, which in turn interacts with mGluRs. Through these extended links, PSD95, SAPAP, SHANK and Homer proteins form a quaternary complex that brings together mGluR and NMDAR complexes in the PSD (FIG. 3).

SIGNOR-264599

P28482

Q96Q27

1

phosphorylation

up-regulates activity

0.265

Indeed, using mass spectrometry, we showed for the first time that ASB2a is phosphorylated and that phosphorylation of serine-323 (Ser-323) of ASB2a is crucial for the targeting of the actin-binding protein filamin A (FLNa) to degradation. |Moreover, inhibition of the extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (Erk1/2) activity reduced ASB2a-mediated FLNa degradation.

SIGNOR-272240

P29474

P05129

0

phosphorylation

down-regulates activity

0.2

The phosphorylation of both S617 and S635 have also been shown to promote increased eNOS-derived NO release (Michell et al., 2002). The phosphorylaiton of S617 can be induced by PKA or Akt activity, and may serve to sensitize eNOS to calmodulin binding and modulate the phosphorylation of other eNOS sites

SIGNOR-251633

Q75N03

P07355

1

ubiquitination

down-regulates quantity by destabilization

0.2

By immunoprecipitation, we present evidence that Hakai interacts with Hsp90 chaperone complex in several epithelial cells and demonstrate that is a novel Hsp90 client protein. Interestingly, by overexpressing and knocking-down experiments with Hakai, we identified Annexin A2 as a Hakai-regulated protein. Interestingly, geldanamycin-induced Hakai degradation is accompanied by an increased expression of E-cadherin and Annexin A2.

SIGNOR-271473

P53350

P35568

1

phosphorylation

down-regulates activity

0.267

Phosphorylation of ser24 in the pleckstrin homology domain of insulin receptor substrate-1 by mouse pelle-like kinase/interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase| irs-1 mutants s24d or s24e (mimicking phosphorylation at ser(24)) had impaired ability to associate with insulin receptors resulting in diminished tyrosine phosphorylation of irs-1 and impaired ability of irs-1 to bind and activate pi-3 kinase in response to insulin.

SIGNOR-135688

Q86VB7

P67870

0

phosphorylation

up-regulates activity

0.307

Interaction of CD163 with the regulatory subunit of casein kinase II (CKII) and dependence of CD163 signaling on CKII and protein kinase C. | Inhibition studies using specific kinase inhibitors reveal that both CKII and PKC are involved in the CD163 signaling mechanism resulting in the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines.

SIGNOR-251056

P35790

Q9H6E5

1

phosphorylation

up-regulates activity

0.2

Our data indicate that the kinase activities of both the isoforms of CKI -- alpha and epsilon modulate Star-PAP polyadenylation activity and target mRNAs.|Taken together, these data suggest that phosphorylation of Star-PAP by CKI modulates the Star-PAP polyadenylation activity downstream of stimulation by oxidant stress and phosphorylation primes Star-PAP, so that it can be stimulated by PI4,5 P 2.

SIGNOR-279162

Q9HA47

Q96RU2

0

deubiquitination

up-regulates quantity by stabilization

0.2

We demonstrated that the ubiquitin E3 ligase KLHL2 interacted with UCK1 and mediated its polyubiquitination at the K81 residue and degradation. We showed that deubiquitinase USP28 antagonized KLHL2-mediated polyubiquitylation of UCK1.

SIGNOR-275855

P17612

P25054

1

phosphorylation

down-regulates activity

0.307

Changing a serine residue (Ser(2054)) to aspartic acid mutated the potential protein kinase A site adjacent to NLS2(APC), resulting in both inhibition of the NLS2(APC)-mediated nuclear import of a chimeric beta-galactosidase fusion protein and a reduction of full-length APC nuclear localization.

SIGNOR-250335

Q9NWF9

P58753

1

ubiquitination

down-regulates quantity by destabilization

0.387

Triad3A promotes proteolytic degradation of adapter proteins. A, Triad3A promotes down-regulation of TIRAP, TRIF, and RIP1 proteins.

SIGNOR-271607

Q13237

Q12778

1

phosphorylation

up-regulates activity

0.356

Biochemical assays using mammalian cGKII and FoxO1 reveal that cGKII enhances the transcriptional activity of FoxO1 through phosphorylation of the FoxO1 S319 site in the same manner as LRRK2.

SIGNOR-279564

Q9ULT6

Q9ULV1

1

ubiquitination

down-regulates quantity

0.565

Here we show that the cell-surface transmembrane E3 ubiquitin ligase zinc and ring finger 3 (ZNRF3) and its homologue ring finger 43 (RNF43) are negative feedback regulators of Wnt signalling. ZNRF3 is associated with the Wnt receptor complex, and inhibits Wnt signalling by promoting the turnover of frizzled and LRP6.

SIGNOR-260115

O43189

P31260

1

transcriptional regulation

down-regulates quantity by repression

0.285

These data support the proposed regulatory impact of particular PRC2-proteins in expression of HOXA9 and HOXA10 in NK/T-cells. In mammalian cells knockdown of PRC2 components EZH2 or PHF1 led to upregulated HOXA gene expression.

SIGNOR-260071

P27361

Q14790

1

phosphorylation

down-regulates

0.717

We demonstrate that perk 1/2 can phosphorylate pro-caspase-8 at s387 by knocking-down the endogenous pro-caspase-8 using rnai and replacing it with its non-phosphorylatable counterpart (s387a), a significant increase in caspase-8 activity

SIGNOR-203480

Q92985

P51617

0

phosphorylation

up-regulates activity

0.792

These data indicate that IRAK-1, but not IRAK-4, phosphorylates IRF7 in vitro.

SIGNOR-278235

Q04206

P17612

0

phosphorylation

up-regulates

0.516

The transcriptional activity of nf-kappa b is stimulated upon phosphorylation of its p65 subunit on serine 276 by protein kinase a (pka).

SIGNOR-58972

Q15375

Q5JZY3

1

phosphorylation

up-regulates activity

0.504

By using co-immunoprecipitation, we demonstrated physical interaction between kinase-deficient EPHA10 with kinase-sufficient EPHA7 receptor. we speculate that the kinase activity of EPHA7 cross-phosphorylates EPHA10.

SIGNOR-273873

Q02750

P67775

0

dephosphorylation

down-regulates

0.559

In particular, p38 mapk activity stimulates the physical association between ppa2 and mkk1/2- erk1/2 complex, leading to mkk1/2 dephosphorilation by pp2a.

SIGNOR-166649

Q7KZI7

P49841

0

phosphorylation

down-regulates activity

0.349

MARK family kinases can be activated by phosphorylation of a conserved threonine (Thr-208 in MARK2), and inactivated by phosphorylation of a serine (Ser-212), both in the activation loop of the catalytic domain. Activation is achieved by the kinases MARKK/TAO1 or LKB1, although the inactivating kinase was unknown. We show here that GSK3beta serves the role of the inhibitory kinase.

SIGNOR-276163

Q13568

Q9UHD2

0

phosphorylation

up-regulates

0.541

Activation of interferon regulatory factor 5 by site specific phosphorylation. Although the gene induction by irf5 in the presence of tbk-1 was modest, phosphorylation by tbk-1 produced a significant shift in the mobility of irf5 in sds-page. For this reason we identified the residues that are phosphorylated on irf5 by tbk-1 with mass spectrometry. Ser-158 and ser-309 were found to be phosphorylated

SIGNOR-196528

P51812

Q8IX03

1

phosphorylation

up-regulates

0.2

Moreover, we found that rsk1/2 specifically phosphorylates kibra at two highly conserved sites (thr(929) and ser(947)) in vitro and in cells. Rsk-mediated phosphorylation is required for kibra binding to rsk1, but not rsk2.

SIGNOR-203302

Q15848

Q8NBJ5

0

palmitoylation

up-regulates activity

0.2

We conclude that GLT25D1 regulates HMW adiponectin secretion and lipid accumulation, consistent with changes in mice after high-fat feeding. These results suggest a novel function of GLT25D1 leading to decreased HMW adiponectin secretion in early obesity.

SIGNOR-261149

P67775

Q13315

1

dephosphorylation

down-regulates activity

0.333

Ionizing radiation induces autophosphorylation of the ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) protein kinase on serine 1981; however, the precise mechanisms that regulate ATM activation are not fully understood. Here, we show that the protein phosphatase inhibitor okadaic acid (OA) induces autophosphorylation of ATM on serine 1981 in unirradiated cells at concentrations that inhibit protein phosphatase 2A-like activity in vitro.

SIGNOR-248644

P20042

Q13144

0

guanine nucleotide exchange factor

up-regulates activity

0.877

EIF2B converts the protein synthesis initiation factor 2 (eIF2) from an inactive GDP-bound form to an active eIF2-GTP complex owing to its guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) activity.

SIGNOR-269128

Q96Q15

Q92900

1

phosphorylation

up-regulates

0.971

Smg-1 directly phosphorylates upf1 helicase, another key component of nmd, upon recognition of ptc on postspliced mrna during the initial round of translation. Phosphorylated-upf1 recruits the smg-5/smg-7 complex to induce ribosome dissociation and decapping-mediated decay. T28 and s1096 are responsible for phospho-specific recruitment of smg-6 to the n-terminal conserved region, and the smg-5/smg-7 heterodimer complex to the c-terminal sq-rich region of upf1, respectively

SIGNOR-200785

Q9H7Z6

P49327

1

acetylation

down-regulates quantity by destabilization

0.2

Overexpression of Myc-KAT8 increased the acetylation level of endogenous FASN by 2.2-fold (Fig. 3C). In contrast, knockdown of KAT8 decreased endogenous FASN acetylation by as much as 55%

SIGNOR-267366

P04150

Q14469

0

transcriptional regulation

down-regulates quantity by repression

0.2

HES1 binding to the promoter of the NC3C1 gene inhibits its expression and results in insufficient production of the encoded glucocorticoid receptor- rendering these cells resistant to treatment with dexamethasone

SIGNOR-251674

P04179

Q9NTG7

0

deacetylation

up-regulates activity

0.654

SOD2 is the key substrate of SIRT3 in mitochondria. The combination of SIRT3 and SOD2 leads to the deacetylation and activation of SOD2

SIGNOR-267646

Q3KR16

Q96GD4

0

phosphorylation

up-regulates

0.254

In this study we report that aurora b-mediated phosphorylation of myogef at thr-544 creates a docking site for plk1, leading to the localization and activation of myogef at the central spindle.

SIGNOR-204534

Q07812

Q9P2R6

0

relocalization

up-regulates activity

0.2

We detected RERE protein mainly in the nucleus, where it colocalizes with the promyelocytic leukemia protein in promyelocytic leukemia oncogenic domains (PODs). Overexpression of RERE recruits a fraction of the proapoptotic protein BAX to PODS: This observation correlates with RERE-induced apoptosis, which occurs in a caspase-dependent manner.

SIGNOR-264485

P19429

O75914

0

phosphorylation

down-regulates

0.2

In vitro addition of pak3 to skinned rat cardiac fibres increased myofilament ca2+ sensitivity with no change in maximal ca2+-activated force [67]. These effects were associated with pak3-induced phosphorylation of myofilament proteins, including ctni which was phosphorylated at a novel site, ser149, located in the region forming a ca2+-sensitive interaction with the n-terminal regulatory domain of tnc.

SIGNOR-134593

O14733

P45983

1

phosphorylation

up-regulates

0.699

Jnk is activated by jnk-activating kinase 1 (jnkk1), a dual specificity protein kinase that phosphorylates jnk on threonine 183 and tyrosine 185 residues.

SIGNOR-51199

Q02156

P29353

1

phosphorylation

up-regulates activity

0.2

Among them, Ser(29) in p52(Shc) (equivalent to Ser(138) in p66(Shc)) was phosphorylated only after TPA stimulation. Phosphorylation of this site together with the intact phosphotyrosine-binding domain was essential for ShcA binding to the protein-tyrosine phosphatase PTP-PEST. TPA-induced ShcA phosphorylation at this site (and hence, its association with PTP-PEST) was inhibited by a protein kinase C-specific inhibitor and was induced by overexpression of constitutively active mutants of protein kinase Calpha, -epsilon, and -delta isoforms.

SIGNOR-263048

Q13554

Q9NQC7

1

phosphorylation

up-regulates

0.2

Purified camkii phosphorylates cyld on at least three residues (s-362, s-418, and s-772 on the human cyld protein q9nqc7-1) and promotes its deubiquitinase activity.

SIGNOR-91403

Q9UKV8

Q9Y243

0

phosphorylation

up-regulates

0.423

Phosphorylation of argonaute 2 at serine-387 facilitates its localization to processing bodies, akt3-mediated phosphorylation of ago2 is a molecular switch between target mrna cleavage and translational repression activities of ago2

SIGNOR-178416

Q08999

P24941

0

phosphorylation

down-regulates

0.849

When expressed in u2os cells, the phosphorylation-deficient mutant p130(delta)(cdk4), in which the cdk4 specific sites were mutated to alanine residues, imposed a more sustained g1 arrest than a constitutively active prb(delta)(cdk), known to repress all cellular e2f activity

SIGNOR-87492

P29350

P08922

1

dephosphorylation

down-regulates

0.368

Overexpression of shp-1 results in ros dephosphorylation and effectively downregulates ros-dependent proliferation and transformation. We propose that shp-1 is an important downstream regulator of ros signaling.

SIGNOR-105922

Q92993

P46531

1

acetylation

down-regulates

0.414

This result implies that the residues k2019, k2039, k2044, and k2068 of notch1-ic are the major targets of the acetyltransferase activity of tip60.

SIGNOR-156923