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Suitable tools for assessing the severity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) include multi-component indices and the global initiative for chronic obstructive lung disease (GOLD) categories.,The aim of this study was to evaluate the dyspnoea, obstruction, smoking, exacerbation (DOSE) and the age, dyspnoea,... | Despite the availability of national and international guidelines, evidence suggests that chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) treatment is not always prescribed according to recommendations.,This study evaluated the current management of patients with COPD using a large UK primary-care database.,This analysis ... | 1 |
Acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPDs) can lead to high frequencies and rates of hospitalization and mortality.,Macrolides are a class of antibiotics that possess both antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties.,Since the occurrence of AECOPDs is associated with aggravation of airway... | Bronchodilators represent the hallmark of symptomatic treatment of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD).,There are four categories of bronchodilators: anticholinergics, methylxanthines, short-acting β2-agonists, and long-acting β2-agonists such as formoterol.,Significant research has been performed to investiga... | 1 |
Physical inactivity due to cachexia and muscle wasting is well recognized as a sign of poor prognosis in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).,However, there have been no reports on the relationship between trunk muscle measurements and energy expenditure parameters, such as the total energy expenditure (TEE) a... | In chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), loss of computed tomography (CT)-measured intercostal mass correlates with spirometric severity.,Intercostal muscle ultrasound offers a repeatable and radiation-free alternative, however requires validation.,We aimed to determine the reliability of parasternal intercosta... | 1 |
To evaluate outcomes of the Clinical Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) Questionnaire (CCQ) in patients with advanced COPD admitted for a post-acute pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) programme and to relate (change in) health status to lung function, degree of dyspnoea and (change in) functional capacity.,This is... | Enhancing quality of life for people with long-term conditions by monitoring patient-reported outcome measure scores is a key domain of health care policy.,This study investigated the responsiveness of patient-reported outcome measures for long-term conditions.,A cohort survey was conducted in 33 primary care practices... | 1 |
Little is known about using electronic medical records to identify patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease to improve quality of care.,Our objective was to develop electronic medical record algorithms that can accurately identify patients with obstructive pulmonary disease.,A retrospective chart abstraction... | Claims data are potentially useful for identifying long-acting β-agonist (LABA) use by patients with asthma, a practice that is associated with increased mortality.,We evaluated the accuracy of claims data for classifying prevalent asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) among initiators of LABAs.,This ... | 1 |
There is a lack of consensus on the most appropriate early diagnostic strategy, criteria for early access to treatment and follow-up approach for patients with COPD.,A Delphi consensus project investigated the early management of COPD.,We formulated two questionnaires for completion by pneumologists in Italy.,A total o... | COPD Assessment in Primary Care To Identify Undiagnosed Respiratory Disease and Exacerbation Risk (CAPTURE™) uses five questions and peak expiratory flow (PEF) thresholds (males ≤350 L/min; females ≤250 L/min) to identify patients with a forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1)/forced vital capacity (FVC) <0.70 and ... | 1 |
In addition to lung involvement, several other diseases and syndromes coexist in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).,Our purpose was to investigate the prevalence of idiopathic arterial hypertension (IAH), ischemic heart disease, heart failure, peripheral vascular disease (PVD), diabetes, osteop... | The traditional classification of COPD, which relies solely on spirometry, fails to account for the complexity and heterogeneity of the disease.,Phenotyping is a method that attempts to derive a single or combination of disease attributes that are associated with clinically meaningful outcomes.,Deriving phenotypes enta... | 1 |
To explore the ways in which participation in a community singing group contributed to the health and well-being of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).,Qualitative description, based on transcripts from individual interviews and a focus group meeting with people with COPD participating in the si... | There is some evidence that singing lessons may be of benefit to patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).,It is not clear how much of this benefit is specific to singing and how much relates to the classes being a group activity that addresses social isolation.,Patients were randomised to either sing... | 1 |
Readmission rates following hospitalisation for COPD exacerbations are unacceptably high, and the contributing factors are poorly understood.,Our objective was to summarise and evaluate the factors associated with 30- and 90-day all-cause readmission following hospitalisation for an exacerbation of COPD.,We systematica... | Diaphragmatic dysfunction is an important reason for dyspnea in COPD patients.,But diaphragmatic dysfunction is difficult to evaluate.,Ultrasound is an option.,We measure sonographically the up- and downward movement of the lung silhouette on both hemidiaphragms.,The aim of this prospective investigation was to compare... | 1 |
The burden of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is high.,Health benefits can be gained in primary care by early detection and preventive measures.,To compare the effectiveness of two strategies for population-based early detection of COPD, taking into account different socioeconomic status (SES) settings.,Pr... | No study has been carried out on the time trend in the prevalence of chronic bronchitis (CB) in recent years, despite its clinical and epidemiological relevance.,We evaluated the trend in CB prevalence during the past decade among young Italian adults.,A screening questionnaire was mailed to general population samples ... | 1 |
The once-daily long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA) tiotropium and once-daily long-acting β2-agonist (LABA) olodaterol have been studied as a once-daily fixed-dose combination (FDC) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).,Two large, 52-week, double-blind, parallel-group studies in patients wi... | The Continuing to Confront COPD International Patient Survey aimed to estimate the prevalence and burden of COPD globally and to update findings from the Confronting COPD International Survey conducted in 1999-2000.,Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients in 12 countries worldwide were identified through ... | 1 |
We report the results of the first direct comparison of the once-daily fixed-dose long-acting muscarinic antagonist/long-acting β2-agonist (LAMA/LABA) combinations umeclidinium/vilanterol (UMEC/VI) and tiotropium/olodaterol (TIO/OLO) in patients with COPD.,This was a randomized, two-period crossover open-label study in... | Long-acting β2-agonists (LABAs) have demonstrated efficacy in patients with COPD in clinical trials.,The purpose of this study was to assess the comparative efficacy of all available dosages of all LABA monotherapies using a network meta-analysis.,A systematic literature review identified 33 randomized controlled trial... | 1 |
Real-world prescription pathways leading to triple therapy (TT) (inhaled corticosteroid [ICS] plus long-acting β2-agonist bronchodilator [LABA] plus long-acting muscarinic antagonist) differ from Global initiative for chronic Obstructive Lung Disease [GOLD] and National Institute for Health and Care Excellence treatmen... | The optimal method of identifying people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) from electronic primary care records is not known.,We assessed the accuracy of different approaches using the Clinical Practice Research Datalink, a UK electronic health record database.,951 participants registered with a CPRD pr... | 1 |
Occupational dust exposure may induce various lung diseases, including pneumoconiosis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).,The features of combined COPD and pneumoconiosis have not been well described, and this may hamper the management.,This study aimed to describe the prevalence and characteristics as we... | Adherence to inhaled medications by COPD patients is a challenging issue, but relatively understudied.,The aim of this study is the characterization of adherence to inhaled medications by COPD patients, with a focus on patient-related determinants.,Stable COPD outpatients ≥40 years of age from a respiratory unit and di... | 1 |
Cigarette smoke is the main risk factor of pulmonary emphysema development, which is characterized by alveolar wall destruction.,Mitochondria are important for alveolar type II (ATII) cell metabolism due to ATP generation.,We isolated ATII cells from control non-smoker and smoker organ donors, and after lung transplant... | Inflammation and oxidative stress play critical roles in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).,Mitochondrial oxidative stress might be involved in driving the oxidative stress-induced pathology.,We sought to determine the effects of oxidative stress on mitochondrial function in the pathophysiology... | 1 |
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is increasingly being recognized as a highly heterogeneous disorder, composed of varying pathobiology.,Accurate detection of COPD subtypes by image biomarkers are urgently needed to enable individualized treatment thus improving patient outcome.,We adapted the Parametric Res... | The pathogenesis of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has been claimed to be attributable to increased systemic and local oxidative stress.,Detection of the oxidant burden and evaluation of their progression and phenotypes by oxidant biomarkers have proved challenging and difficult.,A large number... | 1 |
Exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are acute events of worsened respiratory symptoms that may increase the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), a leading cause of mortality amongst COPD patients.,The utility of lung-specific inflammatory mediators such as club cell protein-16 (CC-16) and sur... | Heightened inflammation, including expression of COX-2, is associated with COPD pathogenesis.,RelB is an NF-κB family member that attenuates COX-2 in response to cigarette smoke by a mechanism that may involve the miRNA miR-146a.,There is no information on the expression of RelB in COPD or if RelB prevents COX-2 expres... | 1 |
To explore the effects of group singing therapy on depression symptoms and quality of life of patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).,Patients with COPD were randomly allocated to intervention (n = 30) and control groups (n = 30).,The intervention group received group singing therapy once a w... | There is some evidence that singing lessons may be of benefit to patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).,It is not clear how much of this benefit is specific to singing and how much relates to the classes being a group activity that addresses social isolation.,Patients were randomised to either sing... | 1 |
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a chronic, progressive disease that is not curable.,However, there are effective treatments available.,In the UK, long-acting bronchodilators are first-line treatments for COPD patients requiring maintenance therapy, and there are several options available.,The aim of thi... | Indacaterol is a novel, once-daily (od), inhaled, long-acting ß2-agonist bronchodilator for maintenance treatment of airflow limitation in patients with COPD.,The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of indacaterol on dyspnea, using available randomized placebo-controlled trials.,A systematic search was made ... | 1 |
For chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the role of physical activity in reducing COPD mortality and heart loading and in extending life expectancy remains unclear.,Participants in comprehensive medical screening were recruited with spirometry on everyone.,We analyzed physical activity volume calculated from ... | Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by a persistent blockage of airflow, prompting episodes of shortness of breath, commonly leading to hospitalization.,Hospitalization may lead to a decline in physical activity following discharge.,Physical activity has been shown to improve symptoms of COPD ... | 1 |
In patients with COPD, severe physical inactivity (SPI, which is defined as total daily energy expenditure/resting energy expenditure; physical activity level [PAL] ratio, <1.4) is associated with increased morbidity and mortality.,Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) increases physical capacity in COPD, but the impact on SPI... | Reduced physical activity is an important feature of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD).,Various activity monitors are available but their validity is poorly established.,The aim was to evaluate the validity of six monitors in patients with COPD.,We hypothesized triaxial monitors to be more valid compared to ... | 1 |
Validation of biomarkers is essential to advance the translational process to clinical application.,Although there exists an increasing number of reports on small non-coding RNAs (microRNAs) as minimally-invasive markers from blood, serum or plasma, just a limited number is verified in follow-up studies.,We used qRT-PC... | Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive, inflammatory lung disease that affects a large number of patients and has significant impact.,One hallmark of the disease is the presence of bacteria in the lower airways.,Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the detailed structure of microbial c... | 1 |
Alveolar macrophages play a central role in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).,Monocytes are recruited from blood during inflammation and then mature into alveolar macrophages.,The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of cigarette smoke (CS) at different times in lung macrophag... | It is known that tissue macrophages derive not only from blood monocytes but also from yolk sac or fetal liver, and the tissue of residence guides their function.,When isolated, they lose tissue specific signatures, hence studies of human macrophages should be ideally done directly in the tissue.,The aim of this study ... | 1 |
Risk factors of anxiety and depression symptoms in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have been widely researched, but most of them cannot be addressed clinically.,The aim of this study was to investigate whether COPD knowledge level is a risk factor of anxiety and/or depression in COPD patients... | The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between health-related quality of life (HRQL) and disease severity using lung function measures.,A survey was performed in subjects with COPD in Sweden. 168 subjects (70 women, mean age 64.3 years) completed the generic HRQL questionnaire, the Short Form 36 (SF-36),... | 1 |
Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) experience symptoms that vary over the day.,Symptoms at the start of the day might influence physical activity during the rest of the day.,Therefore, physical activity during the course of the day was studied in patients with low and high morning symptom scores... | Exacerbations affect morbidity in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).,We sought to evaluate the association between exacerbation frequency and spirometric and health status changes over time using data from a large, long-term trial.,This retrospective analysis of data from the 4-year UPLIFT® (Understanding Po... | 1 |
Health-related quality of life (HRQL) is an important patient-reported outcome for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).,We developed models predicting chronic respiratory questionnaire (CRQ) dyspnoea, fatigue, emotional function, mastery and overall HRQL at 6 and 24 months using predictors easily available in ... | Although chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major global health burden there is a lack of patient awareness of disease severity, particularly in relation to exacerbations.,We conducted a global patient survey using an innovative, internet-based methodology to gain insight into patient perceptions of COPD... | 1 |
Cytokines play an important part in many pathobiological processes of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), including the chronic inflammatory process, emphysema, and altered innate immune response.,Proinflammatory cytokines of potential importance include tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interferon-γ, interleuki... | Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by chronic bronchitis, emphysema and irreversible airflow limitation.,These changes are thought to be due to oxidative stress and an imbalance of proteases and antiproteases.,Quercetin, a plant flavonoid, is a potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent.,... | 1 |
Objective To investigate whether an early rehabilitation intervention initiated during acute admission for exacerbations of chronic respiratory disease reduces the risk of readmission over 12 months and ameliorates the negative effects of the episode on physical performance and health status.,Design Prospective, random... | Acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading cause of hospitalizations and readmissions in the US.,Reducing the frequency of hospital readmission is a high priority of US health care organizations and government agencies.,This study evaluated the risk factors associated with readmissi... | 1 |
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a rare lung disease of unknown origin leading rapidly to death.,This paper addresses the issue of whether sputum induction is a suitable tool to study respiratory tract inflammation and potential biomarkers in IPF compared to COPD, a fibrosing airway wall disease.,In a cross-secti... | Secretory leukoprotease inhibitor (SLPI) is an anti-inflammatory protein present in respiratory secretions.,Whilst epithelial cell SLPI is extensively studied, neutrophil associated SLPI is poorly characterised.,Neutrophil function including chemotaxis and degranulation of proteolytic enzymes involves changes in cytoso... | 1 |
Few studies have investigated the 24-hour symptom profile in patients with COPD or how symptoms during the 24-hour day are inter-related.,This observational study assessed the prevalence, severity and relationship between night-time, early morning and daytime COPD symptoms and explored the relationship between 24-hour ... | Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) experience more problematic respiratory symptoms and have more trouble performing daily activities in the morning.,The aim of this study was to assess the perception of COPD symptoms related to morning activities in patients with severe airflow limitation.,Data... | 1 |
While tobacco smoking is the main risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) only a fraction of smokers go on to develop the disease.,We investigated the relationship between the insertion (I) - deletion (D) polymorphisms in the Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) gene and the risk of developing COPD ... | Elevated circulating levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin (IL)-6 and fibrinogen (FG) have been repeatedly associated with many adverse outcomes in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).,To date, it remains unclear whether and to what extent systemic inflammation is primary or secondary i... | 1 |
Purpose: Assess the clinical and economic consequences associated with an early versus late diagnosis in patients with COPD.,Patients and methods: In a retrospective, observational cohort study, electronic medical record data (2000-2014) were collected from Swedish primary care patients with COPD.,COPD indicators (pneu... | Acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPDs) can lead to high frequencies and rates of hospitalization and mortality.,Macrolides are a class of antibiotics that possess both antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties.,Since the occurrence of AECOPDs is associated with aggravation of airway... | 1 |
To compare the safety and effectiveness of long-acting β-antagonists (LABA), long-acting antimuscarinic agents (LAMA) and inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) for managing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).,Systematic review and network meta-analysis (NMA).,208 randomised clinical trials (RCTs) including 134 692 ad... | In Europe, administration of an inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) combined with a long-acting β2 agonist is approved in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients with a pre-bronchodilator FEV1 < 60% predicted normal, a history of repeated exacerbations, and who have significant symptoms despite regular bronchodi... | 1 |
Introduction: Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) (in fixed combinations with long-acting β2-agonists [LABAs]) are frequently prescribed for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), outside their labeled indications and recommended treatment strategies and guidelines, despite having the potential to cause ... | Patients affected by chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have an increased risk of atherothrombotic acute events, independent of smoking and other cardiovascular risk factors.,As a consequence, myocardial ischemia is a relevant cause of death in these patients.,We reviewed studies concerning the potential mech... | 1 |
Past studies have shown that mean values of Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein (CRP) do not change significantly in COPD patients over a one-year period.,However, longer period follow-up studies are still lacking.,Thus, the aim of this study is to evaluate plasma CRP and IL-6 concentration over three years in ... | Because chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a heterogeneous condition, the identification of specific clinical phenotypes is key to developing more effective therapies.,To explore if the persistence of systemic inflammation is associated with poor clinical outcomes in COPD we assessed patients recruited to ... | 1 |
This cohort study of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) was performed to evaluate the status of inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) prescriptions following the 2017 revision of the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease guidelines.,A total of 1144 patients from the Korean Obstructive Lu... | COPD symptoms show a diurnal variability.,However, morning and night variability has generally not been taken into consideration in disease management plans.,The aims of this study were to cross-sectionally assess morning and night symptom prevalence and correlation with health status and disease severity in COPD, and ... | 1 |
COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) is defined by a fixed expiratory airflow obstruction associated with disordered airways and alveolar destruction.,COPD is caused by cigarette smoking and is the third greatest cause of mortality in the US.,Forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) is the only validated cli... | The global increase in the prevalence and incidence of obesity has called serious attention to this issue as a major public health concern.,Obesity is associated with many chronic diseases, including cardiovascular disease and diabetes, and recently the role of overweight and obesity in lung disease has received new in... | 1 |
Previous models of Hospital at Home (HAH) for COPD exacerbation (ECOPD) were limited by the lack of a reliable prognostic score to guide patient selection.,Approximately 50% of hospitalised patients have a low mortality risk by DECAF, thus are potentially suitable.,In a non-inferiority randomised controlled trial, 118 ... | Prediction of future exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major concern for long-term management of this disease.,To determine which of three multidimensional assessment systems (the body mass index, obstruction, dyspnea, and exercise capacity [BODE] index; dyspnea, obstruction, smoking, e... | 1 |
Dynamic hyperinflation has important clinical consequences in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).,Given that most of these patients have respiratory and peripheral muscle weakness, dyspnea and functional exercise capacity may improve as a result of inspiratory muscle training (IMT).,The aim of t... | Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and a high body mass index (BMI) can both affect pulmonary volumes as well as exercise tolerance, but their combined effect on these outcomes is not well known.,The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of increased BMI during constant workrate cycle ergometry in ... | 1 |
This systematic review aimed to identify the most effective components of interventions to facilitate self-management of health care behaviors for patients with COPD.,PROSPERO registration number CRD42011001588.,We used standard review methods with a systematic search to May 2012 for randomized controlled trials of sel... | Objective To determine whether supported self management in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) can reduce hospital readmissions in the United Kingdom.,Design Randomised controlled trial.,Setting Community based intervention in the west of Scotland.,Participants Patients admitted to hospital with acute exacerb... | 1 |
Some COPD patients are more susceptible to exacerbations than others.,Mechanisms underlying these differences in susceptibility are not well understood.,We hypothesized that altered cell mediated immune responses may underlie a propensity to suffer from frequent exacerbations in COPD.,Peripheral blood mononuclear cells... | Tiotropium + olodaterol has demonstrated improvements beyond lung function benefits in a large Phase III clinical program as a once-daily maintenance treatment for COPD and may be a potential option for the initiation of maintenance treatment in COPD.,Despite guideline recommendations that combined long-acting β2-agoni... | 1 |
Physicians consider ease of use, satisfaction, and preferences when prescribing an inhaler device.,These factors may impact appropriate usage and compliance.,The objectives were to quantify the relative importance of inhaler attributes in patients currently using Combivent Respimat by eliciting preferences for performa... | Efficacy and safety of tiotropium+olodaterol fixed-dose combination (FDC) compared with the mono-components was evaluated in patients with moderate to very severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in two replicate, randomised, double-blind, parallel-group, multicentre, phase III trials.,Patients received tio... | 1 |
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is characterised by reduced lung function and is the third leading cause of death globally.,Through genome-wide association discovery in 48,943 individuals, selected from extremes of the lung function distribution in UK Biobank, and follow-up in 95,375 individuals, we increa... | Cellular senescence has been associated with the structural and functional decline observed during physiological lung aging and in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).,Airway epithelial cells are the first line of defense in the lungs and are important to COPD pathogenesis.,However, the mechanisms underlying a... | 1 |
COPD patients have increased risk of developing pneumonia, which is associated with poor outcomes.,It can be symptomatically indistinguishable from exacerbations, making diagnosis challenging.,Studies of pneumonia in COPD have focused on hospitalised patients and are not representative of the ambulant COPD population.,... | Dual bronchodilator therapy is reserved as a second-line treatment in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and provides benefits in lung function and health status versus monotherapy.,The aim of this study was to determine whether early initiation of a dual bronchodilator versus monotherapy reduce... | 1 |
Exacerbations in Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are often accompanied by pulmonary and systemic inflammation, and are associated with an increased susceptibility to weight loss and muscle wasting.,As the emphysematous phenotype in COPD appears prone to skeletal muscle wasting, the aims of this study were ... | Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide.,Low-grade systemic inflammation is considered a hallmark of COPD that potentially links COPD to increased rate of systemic manifestations of the disease.,Obesity with/without the metabolic syndrome and cachexia represent... | 1 |
COPD is a progressive condition involving chronic inflammation and parenchymal destruction with resulting airflow limitation.,COPD is associated with worsening airflow limitation over time and increased frequency of COPD exacerbations, leading to increased mortality and morbidity.,The effects of COPD extend beyond the ... | The coexistence of COPD and asthma is widely recognized but has not been well described.,This study characterizes clinical features, spirometry, and chest CT scans of smoking subjects with both COPD and asthma.,We performed a cross-sectional study comparing subjects with COPD and asthma to subjects with COPD alone in t... | 1 |
An eight-item questionnaire of the COPD assessment test (CAT) is widely used to quantify the impact of COPD on the patient’s health status.,C-reactive protein (CRP) is associated with disease severity and adverse health outcomes of patients with COPD.,This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between CAT score and ... | C-reactive protein (CRP) measurement has proven valuable for detecting exacerbations, but its usefulness in predicting etiology remains controversial.,Likewise, its potential value as a marker of severity, which is well established in patients with pneumonia, remains unproven in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (C... | 1 |
Statins have immunomodulatory properties that may provide beneficial effects in the treatment of COPD.,We investigated whether a statin improves the IL-17/IL-10 imbalance in patients with COPD, as has previously been demonstrated in patients with asthma.,Thirty patients with stable COPD were recruited to a double-blind... | Pulmonary rehabilitation is an important treatment for patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, who are often vitamin D deficient.,As vitamin D status is linked to skeletal muscle function, we aimed to explore if high dose vitamin D supplementation can improve the outcomes of rehabilitation in Chronic Obstr... | 1 |
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common disease characterized by airflow obstruction and lung hyperinflation leading to dyspnea and exercise capacity limitation.,The present study was designed to evaluate whether an extra-fine combination of beclomethasone and formoterol (BDP/F) was effective in reduci... | We hypothesized that bronchodilator treatment not only improves hyperinflation and endurance capacity but also muscular efficiency in stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).,We aimed to demonstrate that tiotropium and salmeterol improve muscular efficiency compared with placebo.,Twenty-five COPD patients w... | 1 |
Use of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) increases the risk of pneumonia in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but the magnitude of risk with different ICS remains unclear.,A post hoc analysis of the 4-year UPLIFT® trial to assess whether pneumonia risk differed by type of ICS (fluticasone propionate [FP], other... | Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are arguably the most important comorbidities in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).,CVDs are common in people with COPD, and their presence is associated with increased risk for hospitalization, longer length of stay and all-cause and CVD-related mortality.,The economic burden ... | 1 |
Cigarette smoking-induced oxidative stress is known to be a key mechanism in COPD pathogenesis.,Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a central transcription factor that regulates the antioxidant defense system.,The aim of this study was to compare Nrf2 expression in COPD subjects and control subjects, ... | Oxidative stress is associated with the pathogenesis of cigarette smoke related lung diseases, but longitudinal effects of smoking cessation on oxidant markers in the airways are unknown.,This study included 61 smokers; 21 with chronic bronchitis or COPD, 15 asthmatics and 25 asymptomatic smokers followed up for 3 mont... | 1 |
Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have increased cardiovascular risk.,Natriuretic peptides (NP) in other populations are useful in identifying cardiovascular disease, stratifying risk, and guiding therapy.,We performed a systematic literature review to examine NP in COPD, utilising Medline, EMB... | We have previously shown that the defective ability of alveolar macrophages (AM) to phagocytose apoptotic cells (‘efferocytosis’) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease/emphysema (COPD) could be therapeutically improved using the C-type lectin, mannose binding lectin (MBL), although the exact mechanisms underlying th... | 1 |
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is linked to both cigarette smoking and genetic determinants.,We have previously identified iron-responsive element binding protein 2 (IRP2) as an important COPD susceptibility gene, with IRP2 protein increased in the lungs of individuals with COPD.,Here we demonstrate that ... | Understanding the genetic basis of airflow obstruction and smoking behaviour is key to determining the pathophysiology of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).,We used UK Biobank data to study the genetic causes of smoking behaviour and lung health.,We sampled individuals of European ancestry from UK Biobank, f... | 1 |
We aimed to evaluate correlations between computed tomography (CT) parameters and pulmonary function test (PFT) parameters according to disease severity in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and to determine whether CT parameters can be used to predict PFT indices.,A total of 370 patients with ... | Pulmonary emphysema is a phenotypic component of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) which carries substantial morbidity and mortality.,We explored the association between emphysema and body height in 726 patients with COPD using computed tomography as the reference diagnostic standard for emphysema.,We applie... | 1 |
A large proportion of people with COPD are not referred to pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) despite its proven benefits.,No previous studies have examined predictors of referral to PR.,To determine the characteristics of people with COPD associated with referral to PR.,Cross-sectional analysis of a primary care cohort of ... | The long-term natural history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in terms of successive severe exacerbations and mortality is unknown.,The authors formed an inception cohort of patients from their first ever hospitalisation for COPD during 1990-2005, using the healthcare databases from the province of Queb... | 1 |
The current Global initiative for chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) treatment strategy recommends the use of one or more bronchodilators according to the patient’s airflow limitation, their history of exacerbations, and symptoms.,The LANTERN study evaluated the effect of the long-acting β2-agonist (LABA)/long-act... | Aclidinium/formoterol is a twice-daily (BID) fixed-dose combination (FDC) in development for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).,The efficacy and safety of aclidinium/formoterol versus monotherapy and placebo in patients with COPD was assessed.,In this 24-week double-blind, parallel-group, active- and placebo... | 1 |
Data describing the potential relationship between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and body mass index (BMI) are limited within the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region.,To evaluate the distribution of BMI among subjects with COPD in the general population of the MENA region.,This study was a subanal... | Low body mass index has been associated with increased mortality in severe COPD.,The impact of body composition earlier in the disease remains unclear.,We studied the impact of body composition on the risk of functional limitation in COPD.,We used bioelectrical impedance to estimate body composition in a cohort of 355 ... | 1 |
Bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR), sputum eosinophilia, and bronchial reversibility are often thought to be a hallmark of asthma, yet it has been shown to occur in COPD as well.,To evaluate the relationship between BHR, lung function, and airway inflammation in COPD patients.,Thirty-one, steroid-free patients with st... | Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a varied condition when examined from a number of different perspectives including factors which influence disease development, pathological process and clinical features.,There may be a complex interaction between the degree by which each of these processes influences the devel... | 1 |
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the most common chronic illnesses in the world.,The disease encompasses emphysema, chronic bronchitis, and small airway obstruction and can be caused by environmental exposures, primarily cigarette smoking.,Since only a small subset of smokers develop COPD, it is b... | Cytokines play an important part in many pathobiological processes of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), including the chronic inflammatory process, emphysema, and altered innate immune response.,Proinflammatory cytokines of potential importance include tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interferon-γ, interleuki... | 1 |
The study investigates which physical performance or muscle function/mass tests significantly correlate with objectively measured physical activity (PA) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and could potentially serve to identify physically inactive COPD patients in routine clinical practice.,A... | This study evaluated the efficacy of tiotropium/olodaterol vs tiotropium on lung function, exercise capacity, and physical activity in patients with COPD.,A total of 184 patients aged ≥40 years with COPD (Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease stage II-IV) received tiotropium/olodaterol for 6 weeks, the... | 1 |
Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are obstructive airway disorders which differ in their underlying causes and phenotypes but overlap in patterns of pharmacological treatments.,In both asthma and COPD, oxidative stress contributes to airway inflammation by inducing inflammatory gene expression.,Th... | Never smokers comprise a substantial proportion of patients with COPD.,Their characteristics and possible risk factors in this population are not yet well defined.,We analyzed data from 14 countries that participated in the international, population-based Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease (BOLD) study.,Participants we... | 1 |
Muscle wasting and chronic inflammation are predominant features of patients with COPD.,Systemic inflammation is associated with an accelerated decline in lung function.,In this study, the prevalence of sarcopenia and the relationships between sarcopenia and systemic inflammations in patients with stable COPD were inve... | Quadriceps muscle phenotype varies widely between patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and cannot be determined without muscle biopsy.,We hypothesised that measures of skeletal muscle adiposity could provide noninvasive biomarkers of muscle quality in this population.,In 101 patients and 10 age-ma... | 1 |
Inclusion of a pharmacist showed that pharmacy-led patient education can positively impact treatment outcome, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) knowledge, medication adherence, quality of life, significant reduction in hospital admission rates, and emergency department visits.,The objectives were to assess t... | The aim of this paper was to propose key steps for community pharmacist integration into a patient care pathway for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) management.,A literature search was conducted to identify publications focusing on the role of the community pharmacist in identification and management of COP... | 1 |
Many patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) continue to experience exacerbations despite receiving standard-of-care treatments.,Novel approaches to COPD treatment focus on understanding and targeting molecular mechanisms of airway inflammation, airway obstruction, remodeling and lung destruction.,Se... | Fixed dose combination (FDC) dual bronchodilators that co-administer a long acting β2-adrenoceptor agonist (LABA) and a long acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA) are a new class of inhaled treatment for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).,This review focuses on the clinical evidence for the benefit of LABA/LAM... | 1 |
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is highly prevalent and significantly affects the daily functioning of patients.,Self-management strategies, including increasing physical activity, can help people with COPD have better health and a better quality of life.,Digital mobile health (mHealth) techniques have the... | Study of the causes of the reduced levels of physical activity in patients with COPD has been scarce and limited to biological factors.,To assess the relationship between novel socio-environmental factors, namely dog walking, grandparenting, neighbourhood deprivation, residential surrounding greenness and residential p... | 1 |
The Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) recommends triple therapy (long-acting muscarinic receptor antagonists, long-acting beta-2 agonists, and inhaled corticosteroids) for patients with only the most severe COPD.,Data on the proportion of COPD patients on triple therapy and their characteris... | Although tiotropium (TIO) and inhaled corticosteroid (ICS)/long-acting β-agonists are frequently prescribed together, the efficacy of “triple therapy” has not been scientifically demonstrated.,We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis using Bayesian methods to compare triple therapy and TIO monotherapy.,We sea... | 1 |
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) airways are characterised by thickening of airway smooth muscle, partly due to airway smooth muscle cell (ASMC) hyperplasia.,Metabolic reprogramming involving increased glycolysis and glutamine catabolism supports the biosynthetic and redox balance required for cellular grow... | Some COPD patients are more susceptible to exacerbations than others.,Mechanisms underlying these differences in susceptibility are not well understood.,We hypothesized that altered cell mediated immune responses may underlie a propensity to suffer from frequent exacerbations in COPD.,Peripheral blood mononuclear cells... | 1 |
Growing evidence suggests that blood eosinophil count is associated with patient responsiveness to inhaled corticosteroids (ICS).,We performed post hoc predictive modeling on data from the FORWARD study and two replicate studies by Dransfield, to evaluate the relationships between baseline eosinophil count and the effe... | Current guidelines for the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) recommend limiting the use of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) to patients with more severe disease and/or increased exacerbation risk.,However, there are discrepancies between guidelines and real-life practice, as ICS are being overpres... | 1 |
Patients with myocardial infarction (MI) and concomitant chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) constitute a high‐risk group with increased mortality. β‐Blocker therapy has been shown to reduce mortality, prevent arrhythmias, and delay heart failure development after an MI in broad populations.,However, the effec... | Administrative data is often used to identify patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), yet the validity of this approach is unclear.,We sought to develop a predictive model utilizing administrative data to accurately identify patients with COPD.,Sequential logistic regression models were constructed ... | 1 |
COPD has been perceived as being a disease of older men.,However, >7 million women are estimated to live with COPD in the USA alone.,Despite a growing body of literature suggesting an increasing burden of COPD in women, the evidence is limited.,To assess and synthesize the available evidence among population-based epid... | How well the 2011 Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) classification prognosticates for Asian patients with COPD is unknown.,The authors aimed to study the predictive utility of the GOLD 2011 classification for exacerbations and mortality as compared with other multidimensional tools in an Asi... | 1 |
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma are common diseases with a heterogeneous distribution worldwide.,Here, we present methods and disease and risk estimates for COPD and asthma from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors (GBD) 2015 study.,The GBD study provides annual updates on e... | COPD presents with an array of extra-pulmonary symptoms of which skeletal muscle dysfunction, particularly of the quadriceps, is well recognized.,This contributes to impaired quality of life and increased health care utilization.,Work on the quadriceps originated from the observation that a good proportion of COPD pati... | 1 |
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) can greatly impact the quality of life by limiting patients’ activities.,However, data on impact of symptomatic burden on the health care resource utilization (HCRU) and employment in COPD are lacking.,We examined the association between COPD Assessment Test (CAT) score and ... | To investigate the cost-effectiveness of a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) disease management (COPD-DM) programme in primary care, called RECODE, compared to usual care.,A 2-year cluster-randomised controlled trial.,40 general practices in the western part of the Netherlands.,1086 patients with COPD accord... | 1 |
Cigarette smoke exposure (CS) is the main risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).,Macrophages have an important role in COPD because they release pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines.,The present study’s we investigate the functional changes in macrophages and monocytes exposed to ciga... | Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive lung disease characterized by poor airflow.,The purpose of this study was to explore the mechanisms involved in the development of COPD.,The mRNA expression profile GSE100281, consisting of 79 COPD and 16 healthy samples, was acquired from the Gene Expressio... | 1 |
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide.,The prevalence of COPD among cigarette smokers in the Middle East is not well studied.,A prospective descriptive study was performed in the north of Jordan.,Male cigarette smokers (≥10 pack-year) aged 35 years and olde... | Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) imparts a substantial economic burden on western health systems.,Our objective was to analyze the determinants of elevated healthcare utilization among patients with COPD in a single-payer health system.,Three-hundred eighty-nine adults with COPD were matched 1:3 to controls... | 1 |
Background: This document provides clinical recommendations for the pharmacologic treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).,It represents a collaborative effort on the part of a panel of expert COPD clinicians and researchers along with a team of methodologists under the guidance of the American Thorac... | Dual bronchodilator therapy is reserved as a second-line treatment in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and provides benefits in lung function and health status versus monotherapy.,The aim of this study was to determine whether early initiation of a dual bronchodilator versus monotherapy reduce... | 1 |
Estimating COPD occurrence is perceived by the scientific community as a matter of increasing interest because of the worldwide diffusion of the disease.,We aimed to estimate COPD prevalence by using administrative databases from a city in central Italy for 2002-2006, improving both the sensitivity and the reliability ... | The diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is based on airflow obstruction.,In epidemiological studies, spirometric data have often been lacking and researchers have had to rely almost solely on questionnaire answers.,The aim of this study is to assess the diagnostic accuracy of questionnaire answers... | 1 |
Patients with COPD who have higher eosinophil numbers in the airways and peripheral blood demonstrate a greater clinical response to inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) [1-3].,Furthermore, the effect of the oral phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) inhibitor roflumilast on exacerbations in severe COPD patients with chronic bronchitis,... | Like M.,Rossato and co-workers, we too have been struck by the relative underrepresentation of current smokers in cohorts of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients, particularly in light of our recent findings that the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) receptor angiotensin-converting en... | 1 |
The quality of care can be improved by the development and implementation of evidence-based treatment guidelines.,Different national guidelines for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exist in Europe and relevant differences may exist among them.,This was an evaluation of COPD treatment guidelines published in... | The efficacy of inhaled salmeterol plus fluticasone propionate (SFC) in patients with severe or very severe COPD is well documented.,However, there are only limited data about the influence of GOLD severity staging on the effectiveness of SFC, particularly in patients with milder disease.,TORCH was a 3-year, double-bli... | 1 |
The Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) was formed in the late 1990s to spread awareness of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) as a major public health problem and facilitate its prevention and treatment.,GOLD has since become internationally recognized for the development of evidenc... | This study aims to identify factors associated with poor adherence to COPD treatment in patients receiving a fixed-dose combination (FDC) of inhaled corticosteroids and long-acting β2-agonist (ICS/LABA), focusing on the importance of inhaler devices.,We conducted a retrospective and multicenter study based on a review ... | 1 |
Severe exacerbations of COPD, ie, those leading to hospitalization, have profound clinical implications for patients and significant economic consequences for society.,The prevalence and burden of severe COPD exacerbations remain high, despite recognition of the importance of exacerbation prevention and the availabilit... | Exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are important events that carry significant consequences for patients.,Some patients experience frequent exacerbations, and are now recognized as a distinct clinical subgroup, the ‘frequent exacerbator’ phenotype.,This is relatively stable over time, occurs ... | 1 |
Few studies have investigated the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) mortality fraction attributable to air pollution and modification by individual characteristics of air pollution effects.,We applied distributed lag non-linear models to assess the associations between air pollution and COPD mortality in 200... | The true incidence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is largely unknown, because the few longitudinal studies performed have used diagnostic criteria no longer recommended by either the European Respiratory Society or the American Thoracic Society (ATS).,We studied the incidence and significance of airflow limit... | 1 |
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text,The development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is related to the T lymphocyte mediated inflammatory immune response and immune imbalance.,The purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of acupoint application ... | This study aimed to explore cytokine serum levels and the ratio of type 1 T helper (Th1)/Th2 cells in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD).,A total 245 patients diagnosed with AECOPD and 193 patients who progressed to stable COPD after the initiation of treatment in hospita... | 1 |
COPD and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) together represent a considerable unmet medical need, and advances in their treatment lag well behind those of other chronic conditions.,Both diseases involve maladaptive repair mechanisms leading to progressive and irreversible damage.,However, our understanding of the comp... | α1-antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) is a hereditary disorder associated with a risk of developing liver disease and pulmonary emphysema, and other chronic respiratory disorders (mainly asthma and bronchiectasis); Z variant is the commonest deficient variant of AAT.,Determining AAT concentration in serum or plasma and iden... | 1 |
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common and serious respiratory disease, particularly in older individuals, characterised by fixed airway obstruction and persistent airway neutrophilia.,The mechanisms that lead to these features are not well established.,We investigated the contribution of age, prior s... | Toll-like receptors (TLRs) on T cells can modulate their responses, however, the extent and significance of TLR expression by lung T cells, NK cells, or NKT cells in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is unknown.,Lung tissue collected from clinically-indicated resections (n = 34) was used either: (a) to compa... | 1 |
The coexistence of both Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and bronchiectasis (BE) define an emerging phenotype with a worse prognosis; however, data about these patients do not consider baseline characteristics as confounders.,We evaluate the impact of BE on outcomes of hospitalized patients with acute exace... | In the 2014 Global initiative for chronic Obstructive Lung Disease guidelines, bronchiectasis was for the first time defined as a comorbidity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and this change has been retained in the 2015 update, which emphasizes the influence of bronchiectasis in the natural history of ... | 1 |
Current treatment strategies to stratify exacerbation risk rely on history of ≥2 events in the previous year.,To understand year-to-year variability and factors associated with consistent exacerbations over time, we present a prospective analysis of the SPIROMICS cohort.,We analyzed SPIROMICS participants with COPD and... | Comorbidities are frequent in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and significantly impact on patients’ quality of life, exacerbation frequency, and survival.,There is increasing evidence that certain diseases occur in greater frequency amongst patients with COPD than in the general population, and that these ... | 1 |
Lung hyperinflation is a feature of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and can determine pivotal consequence on symptoms, exercise tolerance and quality of life.,Despite the relevance of assessing lung hyperinflation, there is still no single consensus as to what volume should be taken into account.,We invest... | Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text,Presently, there is no recommendation on how to assess functional status of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients.,This study aimed to summarize and systematically evaluate these measures.,Studies on measures of COPD patients’ functional status publi... | 1 |
We assessed direct and indirect costs associated with COPD in Sweden and examined how these costs vary across time, age, and disease stage in a cohort of patients with COPD and matched controls in a real-world, primary care (PC) setting.,Data from electronic medical records linked to the mandatory national health regis... | The poor recognition and related underdiagnosis of COPD contributes to an underestimation of mortality in subjects with COPD.,Data derived from population studies can advance our understanding of the true burden of COPD.,The objective of this report was to evaluate the impact of COPD on mortality and its predictors in ... | 1 |
Despite the availability of national and international guidelines, evidence suggests that chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) treatment is not always prescribed according to recommendations.,This study evaluated the current management of patients with COPD using a large UK primary-care database.,This analysis ... | The study evaluated the efficacy of beclomethasone dipropionate/formoterol fumarate (BDP/FF) extrafine combination versus fluticasone propionate/salmeterol (FP/S) combination in COPD patients.,The trial was a 12-week multicentre, randomised, double-blind, double dummy study; 419 patients with moderate/severe COPD were ... | 1 |
Although elevated blood or sputum eosinophils are present in many patients with COPD, uncertainties remain regarding the anatomical distribution pattern of lung-infiltrating eosinophils.,Basophils have remained virtually unexplored in COPD.,This study mapped tissue-infiltrating eosinophils, basophils and eosinophil-pro... | Interleukin (IL)-33 promotes T helper (Th)2 immunity and systemic inflammation.,The role of IL-33 in asthma has been widely investigated.,IL-33 has also been suggested to play an important role in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).,This study investigated the clinical significance and use... | 1 |
Aclidinium/formoterol is a twice-daily (BID) fixed-dose combination (FDC) in development for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).,The efficacy and safety of aclidinium/formoterol versus monotherapy and placebo in patients with COPD was assessed.,In this 24-week double-blind, parallel-group, active- and placebo... | Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) represents a significant cause of global morbidity and mortality, with a substantial economic impact.,Recent changes in the Global initiative for chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) guidance refined the classification of patients for treatment using a combination of spir... | 1 |
Patients with chronic airway disease may present features of both asthma and COPD, commonly referred to as asthma-COPD overlap syndrome (ACOS).,Recommendations on their diagnosis are diffuse and inconsistent.,This survey aimed to identify consensus on criteria for diagnosing ACOS.,A Belgian expert panel developed a sur... | The combination of the inhaled muscarinic antagonist umeclidinium (UMEC) with the long-acting β2-agonist vilanterol (VI) has been shown to provide significant improvements in lung function compared with UMEC, VI, or placebo (PBO) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).,This study was specifically... | 1 |
Clinical guidelines recommend long-acting bronchodilators as first maintenance therapy for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), with inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) reserved for patients with more severe disease and exacerbations.,The aim of this analysis was to examine real-life prescribing of first maintenance... | Relationships between improvements in lung function and other clinical outcomes in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are not documented extensively.,We examined whether changes in trough forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) are correlated with changes in patient-reported outcomes.,Pooled data from thr... | 1 |
Acute exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD) is associated with an increased hospitalization and mortality.,Azithromycin and erythromycin are the recommended drugs to reduce the risk of exacerbations.,However, the most suitable duration of therapy and drug-related adverse events are still a matter of debate.,The aim of this met... | There has been increasing interest in the use of newer, culture-independent techniques to study the airway microbiome of COPD patients.,We investigated the relationships between the three common potentially pathogenic microorganisms (PPMs) Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Moraxella catarrhalis, as d... | 1 |
Natriuretic peptides (NPs) are a family of prognostic biomarkers in patients with heart failure (HF).,HF is one of the most frequent comorbidities in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).,However, the prognostic role of NP in COPD patients remains unclear.,The aim of this meta-analysis was to eval... | Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is one of the most common causes of chronic cough and a potential risk factor for exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).,The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of GERD in patients with COPD and association between GERD and C... | 1 |
Statins have, due to their anti-inflammatory properties, been suggested to potentially improve chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) outcomes.,We aimed to investigate the effect of statins on time to first exacerbation and all-cause mortality in high-risk COPD outpatients.,All outpatients with COPD seen at the D... | The landmark study of Fletcher and Peto on the natural history of tobacco smoke-related chronic airflow obstruction suggested that decline in the forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is slow at the beginning, becoming faster with more advanced disease.,The ... | 1 |
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the most common chronic respiratory diseases with high morbidity and mortality.,It has become the fifth most burdened and the third most deadly disease in the global economy and increases year by year.,The prevention and treatment of COPD are urgent.,Smoking is the... | Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is increasingly being recognized as a highly heterogeneous disorder, composed of varying pathobiology.,Accurate detection of COPD subtypes by image biomarkers are urgently needed to enable individualized treatment thus improving patient outcome.,We adapted the Parametric Res... | 1 |
The aim of this study was to assess the association between exacerbation frequency and clinical and economic outcomes in patients with COPD.,Electronic medical record data linked to National Health Registries were collected from COPD patients at 52 Swedish primary care centers (2000-2014).,The outcomes analyzed were ex... | Comorbidities are frequent in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and significantly impact on patients’ quality of life, exacerbation frequency, and survival.,There is increasing evidence that certain diseases occur in greater frequency amongst patients with COPD than in the general population, and that these ... | 1 |
Symptomatic relief is an important treatment goal for patients with COPD.,To date, no diary for evaluating respiratory symptoms in clinical trials has been developed and scientifically-validated according to FDA and EMA guidelines.,The EXACT - Respiratory Symptoms (E-RS) scale is a patient-reported outcome (PRO) measur... | Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) symptoms in the morning, including dyspnea and sputum production, affect patients’ quality of life and limit their ability to carry out even simple morning activities.,It is now emerging that these symptoms are associated with increased risk of exacerbations and work absente... | 1 |
The introduction of microCT has made it possible to show that the terminal bronchioles are narrowed and destroyed before the onset of emphysematous destruction in COPD.,This report extends those observations to the cellular and molecular level in the centrilobular phenotype of emphysematous destruction in lungs donated... | CD8+ T-lymphocytes, natural killer T-like cells (NKT-like cells, CD56+CD3+) and natural killer cells (NK cells, CD56+CD3−) are the three main classes of human killer cells and they are implicated in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).,Activation of these cells can initiate immune responses... | 1 |
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