a stringlengths 138 8.15k | b stringlengths 138 8.15k | label int64 1 1 |
|---|---|---|
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is caused by the chronic exposure of the lungs to toxic particles and gases.,These exposures initiate a persistent innate and adaptive immune inflammatory response in the airways and lung tissues.,Lung macrophages (LMs) are key innate immune effector cells that identify, eng... | The prevalence and mortality of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in elderly patients are increasing worldwide.,Low body mass index (BMI) is a well-known prognostic factor for COPD.,However, the obesity paradox in elderly patients with COPD has not been well elucidated.,We investigated the association betwee... | 1 |
In a previous study, we demonstrated that asthma patients with signs of emphysema on quantitative computed tomography (CT) fulfill the diagnosis of asthma-COPD overlap syndrome (ACOS).,However, quantitative CT measurements of emphysema are not routinely available for patients with chronic airway disease, which limits t... | Spirometric parameters are the mainstay for diagnosis of COPD, but cannot distinguish airway obstruction from emphysema.,We aimed to develop a computer model that quantifies airway collapse on forced expiratory flow-volume loops.,We then explored and validated the relationship of airway collapse with computed tomograph... | 1 |
Public health is a priority for the Chinese Government.,Evidence-based decision making for health at the province level in China, which is home to a fifth of the global population, is of paramount importance.,This analysis uses data from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2017 to help... | We assessed direct and indirect costs associated with COPD in Sweden and examined how these costs vary across time, age, and disease stage in a cohort of patients with COPD and matched controls in a real-world, primary care (PC) setting.,Data from electronic medical records linked to the mandatory national health regis... | 1 |
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) constitutes a growing health care problem worldwide.,Integrated disease management (IDM) of mild to moderate COPD patients has been demonstrated to improve exercise capacity and health status after one year, but long-term results are currently lacking in primary care.,Long-t... | COPD remains under-recognized and under-treated.,Much of early COPD care is given by primary care physicians but only when COPD is recognized.,This survey explores the attitudes, beliefs, and knowledge related to COPD recognition, diagnosis, and treatment from family physicians and nurse practitioners (NPs) and physici... | 1 |
The joint distribution of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has not been well described.,This study aims at determining the prevalence of self-reported physician diagnoses of asthma, COPD and of the asthma-COPD overlap syndrome and to assess whether these conditions share a common set of risk fact... | The coexistence of COPD and asthma is widely recognized but has not been well described.,This study characterizes clinical features, spirometry, and chest CT scans of smoking subjects with both COPD and asthma.,We performed a cross-sectional study comparing subjects with COPD and asthma to subjects with COPD alone in t... | 1 |
COPD is a progressive disease characterized by exacerbations and a decline in health status and lung function.,Clinically important deterioration (CID) is a composite endpoint used to evaluate treatment efficacy.,This analysis evaluated the impact of a direct switch to once-daily indacaterol/glycopyrronium 110/50 µg (I... | The combination of a long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA) and a long-acting β2-agonist (LABA) in a single inhaler is a viable treatment option for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).,Here, we systematically review the current knowledge on double bronchodilation for the treatment of COPD, wit... | 1 |
Natural history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is punctuated by exacerbations; however, little is known about prognosis of the first-ever COPD exacerbation and variables predicting its outcomes.,A population-based cohort study among COPD patients with their first-ever exacerbations requiring hospitaliz... | Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients with acute respiratory failure (ARF) frequently require admission to the intensive care unit (ICU) for application of mechanical ventilation (MV).,We aimed to determine whether comorbidities and clinical variables present at ICU admission are predictive of ICU morta... | 1 |
The long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA) umeclidinium (UMEC) and the combination of UMEC with the long-acting β2-agonist (LABA) vilanterol (UMEC/VI) are approved maintenance treatments for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in the US and EU.,They are not indicated for the treatment of asthma.,In this 52-w... | Sustained bronchodilation using inhaled medications in moderate to severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) grades 2 and 3 (Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease guidelines) has been shown to have clinical benefits on long-term symptom control and quality of life, with possible additional be... | 1 |
Inappropriate use of an inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) for COPD has clinical and economic disadvantages.,This retrospective analysis of The UK Health Improvement Network (THIN) database identified factors influencing treatment escalation (step-up) from a long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA) to triple therapy (LAMA + ... | Acute Exacerbations of COPD (AECOPD) identified from electronic healthcare records (EHR) are important for research, public health and to inform healthcare utilisation and service provision.,However, there is no standardised method of identifying AECOPD in UK EHR.,We aimed to validate the recording of AECOPD in UK EHR.... | 1 |
The major characteristic of COPD is systemic inflammation.,The parameters such as neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and eosinophil-to-basophil ratio (EBR) in routine blood test (RBT) are considered to be the underlying biomarkers of inflammation.,We hypothesized that the prognosis of patients with COPD can be predic... | The landmark study of Fletcher and Peto on the natural history of tobacco smoke-related chronic airflow obstruction suggested that decline in the forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is slow at the beginning, becoming faster with more advanced disease.,The ... | 1 |
Despite the benefits of beta-blockers in patients with established or sub-clinical coronary artery disease, their use in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has been controversial.,Currently, no systematic review has examined the impact of beta-blockers on mortality in COPD.,We systematically sea... | Recent studies described association between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and increased risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD).,In their analysis none of these studies accounted for sociodemographic factors, health behaviors, and patient comorbidities simultaneously.,To study whether COPD diagnosis is an... | 1 |
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are known risk factors for mortality.,In this study, we examined the overlap of CKD and airflow limitation (AFL) that characterises COPD and its effect on 10-year mortality in a community-based population.,This study included 1,233 health che... | Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) share common risk factors.,However, there is limited information about COPD and CKD.,This is case-cohort study was carried out using the Taiwanese National Health Insurance Research Database to evaluate the correlation between C... | 1 |
Trials of disease modifying therapies in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) provide challenges for detecting physiological and patient centred outcomes.,The purpose of the current study was to monitor decline in health status in Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) and determine its’ relationship to conventi... | Alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) is a rare hereditary disease that is associated with a higher risk to develop chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and liver cirrhosis.,Previous cross-sectional studies on AATD individuals have shown a relationship between worse St George’s Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) scores ... | 1 |
This systematic review aims to establish the role of CD8 + T lymphocytes in COPD.,Forty-eight papers published in the last 15 years were identified for inclusion.,CD8 + T-cells are increased in the lungs of patients with COPD (17 studies, 16 positive) whereas in the circulation, findings were inconclusive.,Activation o... | T cells and B cells participate in the pathogenesis of COPD.,Currently, NK cells and NKT cells have gained increasing attention.,In the present study, 19 COPD patients and 12 healthy nonsmokers (HNS) were recruited, and their pulmonary function was assessed.,The frequencies of CD3+ T, CD4+ T, CD8+ T, B, NK, and NKT-lik... | 1 |
Telerehabilitation (TR) aimed at patients with COPD has shown promising effects on symptoms, physical function, and quality of life, but little research has been conducted to understand the impact of implementation on frontline health professionals.,Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the barriers and enabl... | Although patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) who adhere to a pulmonary rehabilitation program are better able to manage their illness and experience a better health-related quality of life, pulmonary rehabilitation remains underused.,This study aims to describe the experiences of patients who are... | 1 |
Objective.,The aim of this study was to investigate the association between COPD and major adverse cardiovascular and cerebral events (MACCE) in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).,Methods. 2,362 patients who underwent PCI were included in this study.,Subjects were divided into 2 groups: with ... | Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide.,The prevalence of COPD among cigarette smokers in the Middle East is not well studied.,A prospective descriptive study was performed in the north of Jordan.,Male cigarette smokers (≥10 pack-year) aged 35 years and olde... | 1 |
Information about daily physical activity levels (PAL) in subjects with undiagnosed chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is scarce.,This study aims to assess PA and to investigate the associations between PA and clinical characteristics in subjects with newly diagnosed COPD.,Fifty-nine subjects with a new spiro... | Never smokers comprise a substantial proportion of patients with COPD.,Their characteristics and possible risk factors in this population are not yet well defined.,We analyzed data from 14 countries that participated in the international, population-based Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease (BOLD) study.,Participants we... | 1 |
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the most common chronic respiratory condition in adults and is characterized by progressive airflow limitation that is not fully reversible.,The main etiological agents linked with COPD are cigarette smoking and biomass exposure but respiratory infection is believed to pl... | Two 1-year studies evaluated the long-term efficacy and safety of tiotropium 5 or 10 μg versus placebo, inhaled via the Respimat® Soft Mist™ Inhaler (SMI).,The two studies were combined and had 4 co-primary endpoints (trough FEV1 response, Mahler Transition Dyspnea Index [TDI] and St George’s Respiratory Questionnaire ... | 1 |
In 2007, an Asthma/chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (AC) service was implemented in the North of the Netherlands to support General Practitioners (GPs) by providing advice from pulmonologists on a systematic basis.,To evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of this service on patient-related outcomes.,We... | COPD exacerbations accelerate disease progression.,To examine if COPD characteristics and systemic inflammatory markers predict the risk for acute COPD exacerbation (AECOPD) frequency and duration.,403 COPD patients, GOLD stage II-IV, aged 44-76 years were included in the Bergen COPD Cohort Study in 2006/07, and follow... | 1 |
Inflammation and ageing are intertwined in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).,The histone deacetylase SIRT1 and the related activation of FoxO3 protect from ageing and regulate inflammation.,The role of SIRT1/FoxO3 in COPD is largely unknown.,This study evaluated whether cigarette smoke, by modulating the SI... | There is mounting evidence that estimates of intakes of a range of dietary nutrients are related to both lung function level and rate of decline, but far less evidence on the relation between lung function and objective measures of serum levels of individual nutrients.,The aim of this study was to conduct a comprehensi... | 1 |
COPD-6™ is a lung function testing device for a rapid pre-spirometry testing to screen-out at-risk individuals not having COPD and indicating those at risk.,The aim of this study was to validate COPD-6™ lung function testing (index test) in general practice in discriminating patients with COPD out of the population at ... | Acknowledgement of COPD underdiagnosis and misdiagnosis in primary care can contribute to improved disease diagnosis.,PUMA is an international primary care study in Argentina, Colombia, Venezuela and Uruguay.,To assess COPD underdiagnosis and misdiagnosis in primary care and identify factors associated with COPD underd... | 1 |
We explore potential dysregulation of macrophage phenotypes in COPD pathogenesis through integrated study of human small airway tissue, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and an experimental murine model of COPD.,We evaluated human airway tissue and BAL from healthy controls, normal lung function smokers (NLFS), and COPD sub... | Eosinophilic airway inflammation is observed in 10-30% of COPD subjects.,Whether increased eosinophils or impairment in their clearance by macrophages is associated with the severity and frequency of exacerbations is unknown.,We categorised 103 COPD subjects into 4 groups determined by the upper limit of normal for the... | 1 |
Integrated disease management with self-management for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is effective to improve clinical outcomes. eHealth can improve patients’ involvement to be able to accept and maintain a healthier lifestyle.,Eventhough there is mixed evidence of the impact of eHealth on quality of life... | A home based tele-monitoring system was developed to assess the effects of heat stress (days > 25°C) on clinical and functional status in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).,Sixty-two COPD patients (GOLD II-IV) were randomized into a tele-monitoring Group (TG, N = 32) or Control Group (CG, N = 3... | 1 |
Given the heterogeneity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), personalized clinical management is key to optimizing patient outcomes.,Important treatment goals include minimizing disease activity and preventing disease progression; however, quantification of these components remains a challenge.,Growing evid... | In the upcoming years, the proportion of elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) will increase, according to the progressively aging population and the increased efficacy of the pharmacological treatments, especially considering the management of chronic comorbidities.,The issue to prescribe ... | 1 |
Two once-daily long-acting muscarinic antagonists (LAMAs) are currently available for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) - tiotropium and glycopyrronium.,Previous studies have compared glycopyrronium with open-label tiotropium.,In the GLOW5 study, we compare glycopyrronium with blinded tiotro... | Bronchodilators are central in the symptomatic management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).,Long-acting muscarinic antagonists (LAMAs) and long-acting β2-agonists (LABAs) are the main classes of long-acting bronchodilators.,To date, tiotropium is the only once-daily LAMA available for the treatment of CO... | 1 |
Prognostic stratification of elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is difficult due to the wide inter-individual variability in the course of the disease.,No marker can exactly stratify the evolution and natural history of COPD patients.,Studies have shown that leukocyte count is associated... | Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is known to be associated with systemic inflammation.,We examined the longitudinal association of C-reactive protein (CRP) and lung function in a cohort of 18,110 men and women from the European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer in Norfolk who were 40-79 years of age at baselin... | 1 |
The burden of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) across many world regions is high.,We aim to estimate COPD prevalence and number of disease cases for the years 1990 and 2010 across world regions based on the best available evidence in publicly accessible scientific databases.,We conducted a systematic search... | Interactions between spirometry and patient-reported outcomes in COPD are not well understood.,This systematic review and study-level analysis investigated the relationship between changes in FEV1 and changes in health status with bronchodilator therapy.,Six databases (to October 2009) were searched to identify studies... | 1 |
Data examining the characteristics of patients with frequent exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and associated hospitalisations and mortality are scarce.,Post-hoc analysis of the Prevention Of Exacerbations with Tiotropium in COPD (POET-COPD) trial, targeting exacerbations as the primary endp... | Macrophages are among the most abundant cells in the respiratory tract, and they can have strikingly different phenotypes within this environment.,Our knowledge of the different phenotypes and their functions in the lung is sketchy at best, but they appear to be linked to the protection of gas exchange against microbia... | 1 |
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a complex condition with pulmonary and extra-pulmonary manifestations.,This study describes the heterogeneity of COPD in a large and well characterised and controlled COPD cohort (ECLIPSE).,We studied 2164 clinically stable COPD patients, 337 smokers with normal lung func... | Indacaterol is a novel, once-daily (o.d.) inhaled, long-acting β2-agonist in development for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).,This 12-week, double-blind study compared the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of indacaterol to that of placebo in patients with moderate-to-severe COPD.,Efficacy variables inclu... | 1 |
Rhinovirus (RV) is a major cause of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbations, and primarily infects bronchial epithelial cells.,Immune responses from BECs to RV infection are critical in limiting viral replication, and remain unclear in COPD.,The objective of this study is to investigate innate immune... | COPD exacerbations are responsible for the morbidity and mortality of this disease.,The relationship between exacerbations and patient-related clinical outcomes is not clearly understood.,A retrospective analysis of two 1-year, placebo-controlled clinical trials with tiotropium 18 μg daily was conducted to examine rela... | 1 |
To assess the comparative efficacy of short-acting muscarinic antagonists (SAMAs), long-acting muscarinic antagonists (LAMAs), LAMA in combination with long-acting beta-agonists (LABAs; LAMA/LABAs) and inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) in combination with LABA (ICS/LABAs) for the maintenance treatment of COPD.,We systemati... | The long-acting muscarinic antagonists umeclidinium (UMEC) and tiotropium (TIO) are approved once-daily maintenance therapies for COPD.,This study investigated the efficacy and safety of UMEC versus TIO in COPD.,This was a 12-week, multicenter, randomized, blinded, double-dummy, parallel-group, non-inferiority study.,P... | 1 |
Telemonitoring of symptoms and physiological signs has been suggested as a means of early detection of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbations, with a view to instituting timely treatment.,However, algorithms to identify exacerbations result in frequent false-positive results and increased workload.,... | To date, clinico-physiologic indices have not been compared with quantitative CT imaging indices in determining the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbation.,We therefore compared clinico-physiologic and CT imaging indices as risk factors for COPD exacerbation in patients with COPD.,We retrospe... | 1 |
Tobacco smoking, biomass smoke, and occupational exposure are the main risk factors for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).,The present study analyzes data on exposure to these factors in a cohort of patients with COPD and assesses their differences in demographic and clinical characteristics.,The cross-secti... | Patients with COPD often have multiple comorbidities requiring use of multiple medications, and adherence rates for maintenance COPD (mCOPD) medications are already known to be suboptimal.,Presence of comorbidities in COPD patients, and use of medications used to treat those comorbidities (non-COPD medications), may ha... | 1 |
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is currently the third leading cause of death in the world.,Although smoking is the main risk factor for this disease, only a minority of smokers develop COPD.,Why this happens is largely unknown.,Recent discoveries by the human microbiome project have shed new light on the ... | This study was undertaken to determine the association between cardiac function and therapy with beta2-adrenoceptor agonists (β2-agonists), β-blockers, or β-blocker-β-agonist combination therapy in elderly male patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).,This was a retrospective cohort study of 220 elde... | 1 |
Pooled data were analyzed to evaluate the safety and tolerability of indacaterol, a once-daily inhaled long-acting β2-agonist for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).,Data were pooled from clinical studies of 3-12 months’ duration in patients with moderate-to-severe COPD receiving double-blind indacaterol 75 μ... | The long-term efficacy and safety of aclidinium bromide, a novel, long-acting muscarinic antagonist, were investigated in patients with moderate to severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).,In two double-blind, 52-week studies, ACCLAIM/COPD I (n = 843) and II (n = 804), patients were randomised to inhaled ac... | 1 |
Fatigue in COPD impairs functional status; however there are few studies examining mechanistic pathways of this symptom.,The aims of this study are to compare fatigue between COPD patients and healthy age-matched subjects, and to identify predictors of fatigue in COPD.,Seventy four COPD patients, mean age 69.9 (49-87) ... | There is a paucity of surrogate lung-specific biological markers that can be used to track disease progression and predict clinical outcomes in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).,The principal aim of this pilot study was to determine whether circulating surfactant protein D (SPD) or Clara Cell protein-16 (CC... | 1 |
Exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are episodes of worsening of symptoms, leading to substantial morbidity and mortality.,COPD exacerbations are associated with increased airway and systemic inflammation and physiological changes, especially the development of hyperinflation.,They are trigger... | Influenza is a frequent cause of exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).,Exacerbations are associated with worsening of the airflow obstruction, hospitalisation, reduced quality of life, disease progression, death, and ultimately, substantial healthcare-related costs.,Despite longstanding recomme... | 1 |
COPD is the third leading cause of death in the world and its global burden is predicted to increase further.,Even though the prevalence of COPD is well studied, only few studies examined the incidence of COPD in a prospective and standardized manner.,In a prospective population-based cohort study (Rotterdam Study) enr... | Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with increased postoperative complications.,Recently, the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) classified COPD patients into four groups based on spirometry results and the severity of symptoms.,The objective of this study was to evalua... | 1 |
This study was designed to investigate the effects of long-term home-based Liuzijue exercise combined with clinical guidance in elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).,Forty patients with COPD at stages II-III of the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease were enrolled.,The s... | Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major public health problem worldwide.,However, several studies that have assessed the role of traditional Chinese exercise in the management of this disease include broad variations in sample sizes and results.,Therefore, this meta-analysis was conducted to assess the ... | 1 |
Favorable effects of formal pulmonary rehabilitation in selected moderate to severe COPD patients are well established.,Few data are available on the effects and costs of integrated disease management (IDM) programs on quality of care and health status of COPD patients in primary care, representing a much larger group ... | Objective To assess the long term effects of two different modes of disease management (comprehensive self management and routine monitoring) on quality of life (primary objective), frequency and patients’ management of exacerbations, and self efficacy (secondary objectives) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmona... | 1 |
The aim of this study was to examine the effects of exposure to air pollution and cigarette smoke on respiratory function, respiratory symptoms, and the prevalence of COPD in individuals aged ≥50 years.,We used spirometry and medical questionnaires to screen 433 individuals from Omuta City, Japan, an area with high lev... | The aim of this study is to summarize the evidence on the dose-response relationship between body mass index (BMI) and mortality in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).,We performed a systemic literature search in PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science for relevant studies that were published until J... | 1 |
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma are common diseases with a heterogeneous distribution worldwide.,Here, we present methods and disease and risk estimates for COPD and asthma from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors (GBD) 2015 study.,The GBD study provides annual updates on e... | The ratio of neutrophils to lymphocytes (NLR) is a widely available marker of inflammation.,Several types of inflammatory cells and mediators have been found to be involved in the progression of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).,We sought to evaluate the association of the NLR with severity of airflow limit... | 1 |
Few studies have investigated the 24-hour symptom profile in patients with COPD or how symptoms during the 24-hour day are inter-related.,This observational study assessed the prevalence, severity and relationship between night-time, early morning and daytime COPD symptoms and explored the relationship between 24-hour ... | Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) represents a significant cause of global morbidity and mortality, with a substantial economic impact.,Recent changes in the Global initiative for chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) guidance refined the classification of patients for treatment using a combination of spir... | 1 |
This real world study evaluated the effectiveness of switching to closed triple therapy from mono/dual combination or open triple therapy in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).,We conducted this retrospective study at a single medical center from December 2014 to September 2020.,Patients with CO... | The long-term natural history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in terms of successive severe exacerbations and mortality is unknown.,The authors formed an inception cohort of patients from their first ever hospitalisation for COPD during 1990-2005, using the healthcare databases from the province of Queb... | 1 |
In patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, all efforts should be made to prevent exacerbations because each event modifies the trajectory of the disease.,Treatment recommendations are mostly built on results from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) whose methodology ensure internal validity.,However, their... | Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) display features of overlap in airway physiology and airway inflammation.,Whether inflammatory phenotypes in airway disease describe similar mediator expression is unknown.,To explore the relationship of airway inflammation and cytokine and chemokine expression in... | 1 |
IMPACT, a 52-week, randomised, double-blind trial, assessed the efficacy and safety of fluticasone furoate/umeclidinium/vilanterol (FF/UMEC/VI) triple therapy versus FF/VI or UMEC/VI in patients with symptomatic COPD and a history of exacerbations.,Subgroup analyses assessed whether the efficacy of FF/UMEC/VI versus FF... | COPD is a major global cause of mortality and morbidity.,PINNACLE-4 evaluated the efficacy and safety of GFF MDI (glycopyrrolate/formoterol fumarate metered dose inhaler) in patients from Asia, Europe, and the USA with moderate-to-very severe COPD.,In this double-blind, placebo-controlled, Phase III study, patients wer... | 1 |
Aims of this cross-sectional study were to assess health status and care dependency in patients with advanced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or chronic heart failure (CHF) and to identify correlates of an impaired health status.,The following outcomes were assessed in outpatients with advanced COPD (n = 1... | Objectives To understand the perspectives of people with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) as their illness progresses, and of their informal and professional carers, to inform provision of care for people living and dying with COPD.,Design Up to four serial qualitative interviews were conducted with ... | 1 |
The effects of chronic inhaled and systemic corticosteroids use on COVID-19 susceptibility and severity are unclear.,Since many patients with chronic pulmonary diseases rely on corticosteroids to control disease, it is important to understand the risks of their use during the pandemic.,We aim to study if the use of inh... | Early descriptions of patients admitted to hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic showed a lower prevalence of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) than would be expected for an acute respiratory disease like COVID-19, leading to speculation that inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) might protect against in... | 1 |
Proactive palliative care is not yet common practice for patients with COPD.,Important barriers are the identification of patients with a poor prognosis and the organization of proactive palliative care dedicated to the COPD patient.,Recently a set of indicators has been developed to identify those patients with COPD h... | The aim of this study was to analyse mortality and associated risk factors, with special emphasis on health status, medications and co-morbidity, in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) that had been hospitalized for acute exacerbation.,This prospective study included 416 patients from each of the... | 1 |
Smoking and subsequent development of COPD is an ever-increasing epidemic in Arabian Gulf and Middle East countries, with no signs of decline.,The important fact to be highlighted is that this COPD epidemic of increasing incidence and prevalence is mostly unrecognized by patients, due to the common attribution of sympt... | Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) present with a variety of symptoms that significantly impair health-related quality of life.,Despite this, COPD treatment and its management are mainly based on lung function assessments.,There is increasing evidence that conventional lung function measures alo... | 1 |
A close relationship between Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) has been described, but the exact nature of this link remains unclear.,Current epidemiological data refer exclusively to the MetS prevalence among patients with COPD and data about the prevalence of COPD in MetS pati... | Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide.,There is evidence to support a connection between COPD and diabetes mellitus (DM), another common medical disorder.,However, additional research is required to improve our knowledge of these relationships and their p... | 1 |
COPD exacerbations accelerate disease progression.,To examine if COPD characteristics and systemic inflammatory markers predict the risk for acute COPD exacerbation (AECOPD) frequency and duration.,403 COPD patients, GOLD stage II-IV, aged 44-76 years were included in the Bergen COPD Cohort Study in 2006/07, and follow... | Two 1-year studies evaluated the long-term efficacy and safety of tiotropium 5 or 10 μg versus placebo, inhaled via the Respimat® Soft Mist™ Inhaler (SMI).,The two studies were combined and had 4 co-primary endpoints (trough FEV1 response, Mahler Transition Dyspnea Index [TDI] and St George’s Respiratory Questionnaire ... | 1 |
Physical inactivity is a cardinal feature of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality.,Pedometers, which have been used in healthy populations, might also increase physical activity in patients with COPD.,COPD patients taking part in a 3-month individualised... | Persons with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), performing some level of regular physical activity, have a lower risk of both COPD-related hospital admissions and mortality.,COPD patients of all stages seem to benefit from exercise training programs, thereby improving with respect to both exercise tolerance ... | 1 |
Genetic factors are known to contribute to COPD susceptibility and these factors are not fully understood.,Conflicting results have been reported for many genetic studies of candidate genes based on their role in the disease.,Genome-wide association studies in combination with expression profiling have identified a num... | Genetic factors play a role in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) but are poorly understood.,A number of candidate genes have been proposed on the basis of the pathogenesis of COPD.,These include the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) genes which play a role in tissue remodelling and fit in with the protease - an... | 1 |
The long-term natural history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in terms of successive severe exacerbations and mortality is unknown.,The authors formed an inception cohort of patients from their first ever hospitalisation for COPD during 1990-2005, using the healthcare databases from the province of Queb... | The coexistence of COPD and asthma is widely recognized but has not been well described.,This study characterizes clinical features, spirometry, and chest CT scans of smoking subjects with both COPD and asthma.,We performed a cross-sectional study comparing subjects with COPD and asthma to subjects with COPD alone in t... | 1 |
Limited information is available about predictors of short-term outcomes in patients with exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (eCOPD) attending an emergency department (ED).,Such information could help stratify these patients and guide medical decision-making.,The aim of this study was to develop a cl... | Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) commonly suffer from acute exacerbations (AECOPD) and display varying disease severity.,However, there is no available biomarker for the classification of AECOPD.,This study is aimed at investigating the sputum cellular profiles to classify patients with AECOPD... | 1 |
The benefits of pharmacotherapy with tiotropium HandiHaler 18 μg for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have been previously demonstrated.,However, few data exist regarding the treatment of moderate disease (Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) stage II).,To determine wh... | Exacerbations of COPD are defined clinically by worsening of chronic respiratory symptoms.,Chronic respiratory symptoms are common in the general population.,There are no data on the frequency of exacerbation-like events in individuals without spirometric evidence of COPD.,To determine the occurrence of ‘exacerbation-l... | 1 |
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is associated with significant morbidity and mortality.,Trials of maintenance chronic obstructive pulmonary disease treatments focus on improvement in lung function and reductions in exacerbations, while patients are much more concerned about symptoms and health status.,Our aim was... | Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) indicate that long-acting bronchodilator combinations, such as β2-agonist (LABA)/muscarinic antagonist (LAMA), have favorable efficacy compared with commonly used COPD treatments.,The objective of this analysis was to compare the efficacy and safety of LABA/LAMA with LAMA or LABA/inh... | 1 |
Cellular senescence has been associated with the structural and functional decline observed during physiological lung aging and in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).,Airway epithelial cells are the first line of defense in the lungs and are important to COPD pathogenesis.,However, the mechanisms underlying a... | Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the most common chronic illnesses in the world.,The disease encompasses emphysema, chronic bronchitis, and small airway obstruction and can be caused by environmental exposures, primarily cigarette smoking.,Since only a small subset of smokers develop COPD, it is b... | 1 |
Necroptosis has emerged as a potential mechanism in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).,Here, we found that markers of necroptosis, including high mobility group box 1 release and phosphorylation of mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (p-MLKL), were markedly induced in the late stage ... | Lung tissue from COPD patients displays oxidative DNA damage.,The present study determined whether oxidative DNA damage was randomly distributed or whether it was localized in specific sequences in either the nuclear or mitochondrial genomes.,The DNA damage-specific histone, gamma-H2AX, was detected immunohistochemical... | 1 |
Background: This document provides clinical recommendations for the pharmacologic treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).,It represents a collaborative effort on the part of a panel of expert COPD clinicians and researchers along with a team of methodologists under the guidance of the American Thorac... | Umeclidinium (UMEC; long-acting muscarinic antagonist) plus vilanterol (VI; long-acting beta2 agonist [LABA]) and the LABA/inhaled corticosteroid fluticasone propionate/salmeterol (FP/SAL) are approved maintenance treatments for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).,This 12-week, multicentre, double-blind, para... | 1 |
Leung et al. [1] have recently published, in the European Respiratory Journal, a paper on the expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme II (ACE-2) in the small airway epithelia of smokers and COPD patients, discussing its effects on the risk of severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).,The authors found an increase... | Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an evolving infectious disease that dramatically spread all over the world in the early part of 2020.,No studies have yet summarized the potential severity and mortality risks caused by COVID-19 in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and we update informati... | 1 |
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide.,Age and smoking are common risk factors for COPD and other illnesses, often leading COPD patients to demonstrate multiple coexisting comorbidities.,COPD exacerbations and comorbidities contribute to the overall severit... | Comorbidities are frequent in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and significantly impact on patients’ quality of life, exacerbation frequency, and survival.,There is increasing evidence that certain diseases occur in greater frequency amongst patients with COPD than in the general population, and that these ... | 1 |
Bacterial colonisation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) contributes to airway inflammation and modulates exacerbations.,We assessed risk factors for bacterial colonisation in COPD.,Patients with stable COPD consecutively recruited over 1 year gave consent to provide a sputum sample for microbiologic anal... | Acute exacerbations contribute to the morbidity and mortality associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).,This proof-of-concept study evaluates whether intermittent pulsed moxifloxacin treatment could reduce the frequency of these exacerbations.,Stable patients with COPD were randomized in a double-bl... | 1 |
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide.,It is well established that patients with mild to moderate disease represent the majority of patients with COPD, and patients with mild COPD already have measurable physiological impairment with increased morbidity and a... | In respiratory disorders, patient- and physician-perceived satisfaction with the maintenance inhaler device is an important factor driving treatment compliance and outcomes.,We examine inhaler preferences in asthma and COPD from patient and physician perspectives, particularly focusing on the relative importance of ind... | 1 |
Previous analyses of combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema (CPFE) cohorts have provided conflicting data on the survival of patients with CPFE.,Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the clinical prognosis of acute exacerbations (AE) of CPFE.,We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients ... | Some have suggested that chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a disease of accelerated aging.,Aging is characterized by shortening of telomeres.,The relationship of telomere length to important clinical outcomes such as mortality, disease progression and cancer in COPD is unknown.,Using quantitative polymera... | 1 |
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterised by progressive airflow obstruction that is only partly reversible, inflammation in the airways, and systemic effects or comorbities.,The main cause is smoking tobacco, but other factors have been identified.,Several pathobiological processes interact on a co... | In recent years, the pleiotropic roles of vitamin D have been highlighted in various diseases.,However, the association between serum vitamin D and COPD is not well studied.,This updated systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the relationship between vitamin D and the risk, severity, and exacerbation of CO... | 1 |
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive, chronic respiratory disease with a significant socioeconomic burden.,Exacerbations, the sudden and sustained worsening of symptoms, can lead to hospitalization and reduce quality of life.,Major limitations of previous telemonitoring interventions for COPD i... | Persons with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), performing some level of regular physical activity, have a lower risk of both COPD-related hospital admissions and mortality.,COPD patients of all stages seem to benefit from exercise training programs, thereby improving with respect to both exercise tolerance ... | 1 |
Reduced neutrophil apoptosis plays an important role in the pathogenesis of acute exacerbation chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD).,The p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway is involved in neutrophil apoptosis. 1α,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1α,25VitD3) can induce tumor cell apoptosis.,Th... | Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been identified as one possible strategy for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).,Our previous studies have demonstrated that MSC administration has therapeutic potential in airway inflammation and emphysema via a paracrine mechanism.,We p... | 1 |
The lung is composed of airways and lung parenchyma, and the extracellular matrix (ECM) contains the main building blocks of both components.,The ECM provides physical support and stability to the lung, and as such it has in the past been regarded as an inert structure.,More recent research has provided novel insights ... | It’s currently well known that smoking and increasing age constitute the most important risk factors for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).,However, little is known about COPD among nonsmokers.,The present study aimed to investigate prevalence, risk factors and the profiles of COPD among nonsmokers based on ... | 1 |
Previous studies have suggested that chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is an independent risk factor for lung cancer.,There are some evidence that people with diabetes are at a risk of developing many forms of cancer, but inconclusive with regard to lung cancer.,The aim of this study was to evaluate whether ... | The coexistence of COPD and asthma is widely recognized but has not been well described.,This study characterizes clinical features, spirometry, and chest CT scans of smoking subjects with both COPD and asthma.,We performed a cross-sectional study comparing subjects with COPD and asthma to subjects with COPD alone in t... | 1 |
Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) should be seen as a tool that provides an overall view of the general clinical condition of a COPD patient.,The aims of this study were to identify variables associated with HRQoL and whether they continue to have an influence in the medium term, during follow-up.,Overall, 543 pat... | Changes in physical activity (PA) are difficult to interpret because no framework of minimal important difference (MID) exists.,We aimed to determine the minimal important difference (MID) in physical activity (PA) in patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and to clinically validate this MID by evaluating ... | 1 |
Inhaled long-acting beta2 agonists used alone and in combination with an inhaled corticosteroid reduce the risk of exacerbations in patients with stable COPD.,However, the relative efficacy of these agents in preventing recurrent exacerbations in those recovering from an initial episode is not known.,This study compare... | Two 1-year studies evaluated the long-term efficacy and safety of tiotropium 5 or 10 μg versus placebo, inhaled via the Respimat® Soft Mist™ Inhaler (SMI).,The two studies were combined and had 4 co-primary endpoints (trough FEV1 response, Mahler Transition Dyspnea Index [TDI] and St George’s Respiratory Questionnaire ... | 1 |
GOLD guidelines classify COPD patients into A-D groups based on health status as assessed by COPD Assessment Test (CAT) or mMRC tools and exacerbations and recommend single or dual long-acting bronchodilators as maintenance therapy, with additional inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) if the disease remains uncontrolled.,We a... | According to the current clinical practice guidelines for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the addition of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) to long-acting β2 agonist therapy is recommended in patients with moderate-to-severe disease and an increased risk of exacerbations.,However, ICS are largely overprescrib... | 1 |
Objective: Asthma-chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) overlap (ACO) is of increasing interest because ACO patients have significantly worse outcomes, leading to greater social and economic burdens compared with asthma or COPD alone.,Some guidelines for ACO recommend triple therapy with inhaled corticosteroids,... | The Finnish Medical Society Duodecim initiated and managed the update of the Finnish national guideline for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).,The Finnish COPD guideline was revised to acknowledge the progress in diagnosis and management of COPD.,This Finnish COPD guideline in English language is a part of t... | 1 |
Several fixed-dose combinations (FDCs) of long-acting bronchodilators (a long-acting muscarinic antagonist [LAMA] plus a long-acting β2-agonist [LABA]) are available for the treatment of COPD.,Studies of these FDCs have demonstrated substantial improvements in lung function (forced expiratory volume in 1 second) in com... | The fixed-dose, long-acting bronchodilator combination of umeclidinium/vilanterol (UMEC/VI) has not previously been compared with a combination of a long-acting muscarinic antagonist and long-acting β2-agonist in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).,This 12-week, randomized, blinded, triple-dummy... | 1 |
The optimal use of various therapeutic combinations for moderate/severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is unclear.,The GLISTEN trial compared the efficacy of two long-acting anti-muscarinic antagonists (LAMA), when combined with an inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) and a long-acting β2 agonist (LABA).,This ran... | Glycopyrronium bromide (NVA237) is an inhaled long-acting muscarinic antagonist in development for treatment of COPD.,This study compared the efficacy and safety of once-daily (OD) and twice-daily (BID) glycopyrronium bromide regimens, using a novel model-based approach, in patients with moderate-to-severe COPD.,Double... | 1 |
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by persistent airflow limitation and an abnormal inflammatory response of the lung.,Bacteria and viruses are a major cause of COPD exacerbations and may contribute to COPD progression by perpetuating the inflammatory response in the airways.,Bacterial variet... | Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading cause of death and disability internationally.,Alveolar hypoxia and consequent hypoxemia increase in prevalence as disease severity increases.,Ventilation/perfusion mismatch resulting from progressive airflow limitation and emphysema is the key driver of this hy... | 1 |
On March 16, 2020, the Spanish government declared a state of alarm due to the rapid spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).,Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) were restricted to remain confined at home, and medical visits were cancelled for 3 months.,The impact of this lockdown on the ma... | As of 11 July, 2020, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus responsible for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has infected over 12.7 million people around the world and caused more than 560,000 deaths [1].,Given the devastating impact that COVID-19 can have on the lung, i... | 1 |
Rationale: Aberrant bronchial epithelium-fibroblast communication is essential for the airway remodeling that contributes to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).,Exosomes have emerged as novel mediators of intercellular communication, but their role in cigarette smoke (CS)-induced COPD is unknown.,Here, we inv... | H. haemolyticus is often misidentified as NTHi due to their close phylogenetic relationship.,Differentiating between the two is important for correct identification and appropriate treatment of infective organism and to ensure any role of H. haemolyticus in disease is not being overlooked.,Speciation however is not com... | 1 |
Reports have suggested a reduction in exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, particularly hospital admissions for severe exacerbations.,However, the magnitude of this reduction varies between studies.,Electronic databases were searched from... | The COVID-19 pandemic and ensuing national lockdowns have dramatically changed the healthcare landscape.,The pandemic’s impact on people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) remains poorly understood.,We hypothesised that the UK-wide lockdown restrictions were associated with reductions in severe COPD exac... | 1 |
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with high morbidity and mortality.,COPD is typified by persistent, progressive airflow limitation and a range of respiratory and systemic symptoms such as breathlessness, coughing, wheezing, depression, anxiety, general fatigue, and sleeping difficulties.,Despi... | This randomized, double-blind, Phase IIIb study evaluated the 24-hour bronchodilatory efficacy of aclidinium bromide versus placebo and tiotropium in patients with moderate-to-severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).,Methods: Patients received aclidinium 400 μg twice daily (morning and evening), tiotropium ... | 1 |
The inflammatory responses and associated clinical severity of COPD exacerbations are greatly variable, and the determinants of these factors are poorly understood.,We examined the hypothesis that bacteria and viruses may modulate this heterogeneity and that interactions between bacterial and viral infection may affect... | Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) guidelines recommend early access to palliative care together with optimal, disease-directed therapy for people with advanced disease, however, this occurs infrequently.,This study explored the approaches of respiratory and palliative medicine specialists to palliative care ... | 1 |
COPD is characterized by chronic bronchitis, chronic airway obstruction, and emphysema, leading to a progressive and irreversible decline in lung function.,Inflammation is central for the development of COPD.,Chronic inflammation in COPD mainly involves the infiltration of neutrophils, macrophages, lymphocytes, and oth... | Although French farmers smoke less on average than individuals from the general population, they suffer more from COPD.,Exposure to biological and chemical air pollutants in the farm may be the cause of these higher COPD rates.,This study investigates the role of bio-contaminants, including the relationship of exposure... | 1 |
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) affects over 250 million people globally, carrying a notable economic burden.,This systematic literature review aimed to highlight the economic burden associated with moderate-to-very severe COPD and to investigate key drivers of healthcare resource utilization (HRU), direct... | Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) indicate that long-acting bronchodilator combinations, such as β2-agonist (LABA)/muscarinic antagonist (LAMA), have favorable efficacy compared with commonly used COPD treatments.,The objective of this analysis was to compare the efficacy and safety of LABA/LAMA with LAMA or LABA/inh... | 1 |
Background: This document provides clinical recommendations for the pharmacologic treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).,It represents a collaborative effort on the part of a panel of expert COPD clinicians and researchers along with a team of methodologists under the guidance of the American Thorac... | The decline in lung function can be reduced by long-term inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) treatment in subsets of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).,We aimed to identify which clinical, physiological and non-invasive inflammatory characteristics predict the benefits of ICS on lung function decline ... | 1 |
The combination of aclidinium bromide, a long-acting anticholinergic, and formoterol fumarate, a long-acting beta2-agonist (400/12 μg twice daily) achieves improvements in lung function greater than either monotherapy in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and is approved in the European Union a... | Aclidinium/formoterol is a twice-daily (BID) fixed-dose combination (FDC) in development for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).,The efficacy and safety of aclidinium/formoterol versus monotherapy and placebo in patients with COPD was assessed.,In this 24-week double-blind, parallel-group, active- and placebo... | 1 |
In the 2014 Global initiative for chronic Obstructive Lung Disease guidelines, bronchiectasis was for the first time defined as a comorbidity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and this change has been retained in the 2015 update, which emphasizes the influence of bronchiectasis in the natural history of ... | There is considerable variability in the susceptibility of smokers to develop chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).,The only known genetic risk factor is severe deficiency of α1-antitrypsin, which is present in 1-2% of individuals with COPD.,We conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) in a homogenous ca... | 1 |
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of vitamin D intake on COPD exacerbation and FEV1 in the patients with severe and very severe COPD.,This double blind placebo control randomized clinical trial study was done in the Ashayer university hospital in Khorramabad in 2012.,Eighty eight patients with severe and very se... | Statins have immunomodulatory properties that may provide beneficial effects in the treatment of COPD.,We investigated whether a statin improves the IL-17/IL-10 imbalance in patients with COPD, as has previously been demonstrated in patients with asthma.,Thirty patients with stable COPD were recruited to a double-blind... | 1 |
Although, to our knowledge, there has been no exhaustive or credible review of the evidence of the disease burden of COPD in China, COPD has become an increasing public health concern to the Chinese medical community.,The purpose of this article is to review the evidence and evaluate and clarify the disease burden of C... | Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma are common diseases with a heterogeneous distribution worldwide.,Here, we present methods and disease and risk estimates for COPD and asthma from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors (GBD) 2015 study.,The GBD study provides annual updates on e... | 1 |
There is considerable evidence that inhaled toxicants such as cigarette smoke can cause both irreversible changes to the genetic material (DNA mutations) and putatively reversible changes to the epigenetic landscape (changes in the DNA methylation and chromatin modification state).,The diseases that are believed to inv... | As chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a heterogeneous disease it is unlikely that all patients will benefit equally from a given therapy.,Roflumilast, an oral, once-daily phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor, has been shown to improve lung function in moderate and severe COPD but its effect on exacerbations in un... | 1 |
Objective To evaluate the effects of a community based integrated intervention for early prevention and management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in China.,Design Cluster randomised controlled trial.,Setting Eight healthcare units in two communities.,Participants Of 1062 people aged 40-89, 872 (101 wit... | Although medical treatment of COPD has advanced, nonadherence to medication regimens poses a significant barrier to optimal management.,Underuse, overuse, and improper use continue to be the most common causes of poor adherence to therapy.,An average of 40%-60% of patients with COPD adheres to the prescribed regimen an... | 1 |
Inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) are indicated for the prevention of exacerbations in COPD; however, a significant proportion of patients at low risk of exacerbations are treated with ICSs.,We conducted a systematic review including a diversity of types of study designs and safety outcomes with the objective of describin... | GOLD guidelines classify COPD patients into A-D groups based on health status as assessed by COPD Assessment Test (CAT) or mMRC tools and exacerbations and recommend single or dual long-acting bronchodilators as maintenance therapy, with additional inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) if the disease remains uncontrolled.,We a... | 1 |
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are arguably the most important comorbidities in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).,CVDs are common in people with COPD, and their presence is associated with increased risk for hospitalization, longer length of stay and all-cause and CVD-related mortality.,The economic burden ... | The efficacy of inhaled salmeterol plus fluticasone propionate (SFC) in patients with severe or very severe COPD is well documented.,However, there are only limited data about the influence of GOLD severity staging on the effectiveness of SFC, particularly in patients with milder disease.,TORCH was a 3-year, double-bli... | 1 |
Substantial evidence suggests that there is genetic susceptibility to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).,To identify common genetic risk variants, we performed a genome-wide association study in 2940 cases and 1380 smoking controls with normal lung function.,We demonstrate a novel susceptibility locus at 4q2... | There is considerable variability in the susceptibility of smokers to develop chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).,The only known genetic risk factor is severe deficiency of α1-antitrypsin, which is present in 1-2% of individuals with COPD.,We conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) in a homogenous ca... | 1 |
Managing and preventing disease exacerbations are key goals of COPD care.,Oscillating positive expiratory pressure (OPEP) devices have been shown to improve clinical outcomes when added to COPD standard of care.,This retrospective database study compared real-world resource use and disease exacerbation among patients w... | This study aims to compare demographic and clinical characteristics of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients who complete and fail to complete outpatient pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) program and to determine the reasons for not completing the program.,Patients with COPD referred to the PR program were ... | 1 |
Alterations in the composition of the lung microbiome associated with adverse clinical outcomes, known as dysbiosis, have been implicated with disease severity and exacerbations in COPD.,To characterise longitudinal changes in the lung microbiome in the AERIS study (Acute Exacerbation and Respiratory InfectionS in COPD... | Haemophilus influenzae (Hi) colonizes the human respiratory tract and is an important pathogen associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).,Bacterial factors that interact with the human host may be important in the pathogenesis of COPD.,These factors, however, have not been well defined.,The overall g... | 1 |
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a diverse respiratory disease characterised by bronchiolitis, small airway obstruction, and emphysema.,Innate immune cells play a pivotal role in the disease's progression, and in particular, lung macrophages exploit their prevalence and strategic localisation to orchestr... | Oxidative stress occurs when free radicals and other reactive species overwhelm the availability of antioxidants.,Reactive oxygen species (ROS), reactive nitrogen species, and their counterpart antioxidant agents are essential for physiological signaling and host defense, as well as for the evolution and persistence of... | 1 |
Despite the availability of national and international guidelines, evidence suggests that chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) treatment is not always prescribed according to recommendations.,This study evaluated the current management of patients with COPD using a large UK primary-care database.,This analysis ... | As chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a heterogeneous disease it is unlikely that all patients will benefit equally from a given therapy.,Roflumilast, an oral, once-daily phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor, has been shown to improve lung function in moderate and severe COPD but its effect on exacerbations in un... | 1 |
To evaluate the effect of a single nucleotide polymorphism (rs2910164) in the miR-146a precursor on the expression level of miR-146a, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2), and production of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in lung tissue harvested from smokers with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, as well as the lung function and dise... | Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major and an increasingly prevalent health problem worldwide.,It has been reported that genetic variation may play a role in the development and severity of COPD.,The purpose of this study was to investigate whether single nucleotide polymorphisms in multiple genetic va... | 1 |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.