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# Requirements We do not write code for the sake of writing code: we develop software to _help people perform tasks_. These people can be "anyone on Earth" for widely-used software such as GitHub, "people who do a specific job" for internal applications, or even a single person whose life
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CS-305: Software engineering
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# Performance Producing correct results is not the only goal of software. Results must be produced in reasonable time, otherwise users may not wait for a response and give up. Providing a timely response is made harder by the interactions between software components and between software and hardware, as well
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CS-305: Software engineering
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# Debugging > **Prerequisite**: You are _strongly_ encouraged, though not strictly required, to use an IDE for the exercises about debugging in this lecture. > Alternatively, you can use Java's built-in command-line debugger, `jdb`, but it is far less convenient than a graphical user interface. Writing code is only one
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CS-305: Software engineering
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# Asynchrony You're writing an app and want it to download data and process it, so you write some code: ```java data = download(); process(data); ``` This works fine if both of these operations finish in the blink of an eye... but if they take more than that, since these
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CS-305: Software engineering
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# Infrastructure > **Prerequisites**: Before following this lecture, you should: > - Install Git. On Windows, use [WSL](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/wsl/install) as Git is designed mostly for Linux. > On macOS, see [the git documentation](https://git-scm.com/download/mac). On Linux, Git may already be installed, or use your distribution's package manager. > If you have successfully
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CS-305: Software engineering
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# Design Imagine if, in order to display "Hello, World!" on a screen, you had to learn how everything worked. You'd need to learn all about LED lights and their physics. And then you'd need to read the thousands of pages in CPU data sheets to know what assembly code
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CS-305: Software engineering
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# Design Patterns This document contains a curated list of common design patterns, including context and examples. _These examples are there to concisely illustrate patterns._ _Real code would also include visibility annotations (`public`, `private`, etc.), make fields `final` if possible,_ _provide documentation, and other improvements that would detract from the
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CS-305: Software engineering
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# Teamwork Working on your own typically means engineering a small application, such as a calculator. To design bigger systems, teams are needed, including not only engineers but also designers, managers, customer representatives, and so on. There are different kinds of tasks to do, which need to be sub-divided and
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CS-305: Software engineering
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# Testing > **Prerequisite**: Before following this lecture, you should make sure you can build and run the [sample project](exercises/sample-project). It's tempting to think that testing is not necessary if one "just" writes correct code from the first try and double-checks the code before running it. But in practice, this
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CS-305: Software engineering
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# Mobile Platforms This lecture's purpose is to give you a high-level picture of what the universe of mobile applications and devices is like. You will read about: * Differences between desktops and mobile devices w.r.t. applications, security, energy, and other related aspects * Challenges and opportunities created by mobile
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CS-305: Software engineering
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# Evolution Imagine you are an architect asked add a tower to a castle. You know what towers look like, you know what castles look like, and you know how to build a tower in a castle. This will be easy! But then you get to the castle, and it
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CS-305: Software engineering
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**Russell Epstein** Russell Epstein: Russell Epstein is a professor of psychology at the University of Pennsylvania, who studies neural mechanisms underlying visual scene perception, event perception, object recognition, and spatial navigation in humans. His lab studies the role of the Parahippocampal and retrosplenial cortices in determining how people orient themselves
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kaggle.com/datasets/mbanaei/all-paraphs-parsed-expanded
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**Ambient device** Ambient device: Ambient devices are a type of consumer electronics, characterized by their ability to be perceived at-a-glance, also known as "glanceable". Ambient devices use pre-attentive processing to display information and are aimed at minimizing mental effort. Associated fields include ubiquitous computing and calm technology. The concept is
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kaggle.com/datasets/mbanaei/all-paraphs-parsed-expanded
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**Electron excitation** Electron excitation: Electron excitation is the transfer of a bound electron to a more energetic, but still bound state. This can be done by photoexcitation (PE), where the electron absorbs a photon and gains all its energy or by collisional excitation (CE), where the electron receives energy from
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kaggle.com/datasets/mbanaei/all-paraphs-parsed-expanded
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**Addition chain** Addition chain: In mathematics, an addition chain for computing a positive integer n can be given by a sequence of natural numbers starting with 1 and ending with n, such that each number in the sequence is the sum of two previous numbers. The length of an addition
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kaggle.com/datasets/mbanaei/all-paraphs-parsed-expanded
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**Frequency separation** Frequency separation: Frequency separation within astrophysics, is a term used in both Helioseismology and Asteroseismology. It refers to the spacing in frequency between adjacent modes of oscillation, having the same angular degree (l) but different radial order (n). Frequency separation: For a Sun-like star, the frequency can be
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kaggle.com/datasets/mbanaei/all-paraphs-parsed-expanded
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**Kaon** Kaon: In particle physics, a kaon (), also called a K meson and denoted K, is any of a group of four mesons distinguished by a quantum number called strangeness. In the quark model they are understood to be bound states of a strange quark (or antiquark) and an
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kaggle.com/datasets/mbanaei/all-paraphs-parsed-expanded
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**Twist (cocktail garnish)** Twist (cocktail garnish): A twist is a piece of citrus zest used as a cocktail garnish, generally for decoration and to add flavor when added to a mixed drink. Twist (cocktail garnish): There are a variety of ways of making and using twists. Twists are typically cut
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kaggle.com/datasets/mbanaei/all-paraphs-parsed-expanded
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**Registered user** Registered user: A registered user is a user of a website, program, or other systems who has previously registered. Registered users normally provide some sort of credentials (such as a username or e-mail address, and a password) to the system in order to prove their identity: this is
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kaggle.com/datasets/mbanaei/all-paraphs-parsed-expanded
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**Parabolic antenna** Parabolic antenna: A parabolic antenna is an antenna that uses a parabolic reflector, a curved surface with the cross-sectional shape of a parabola, to direct the radio waves. The most common form is shaped like a dish and is popularly called a dish antenna or parabolic dish. The
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kaggle.com/datasets/mbanaei/all-paraphs-parsed-expanded
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**Learning engineering** Learning engineering: Learning Engineering is the systematic application of evidence-based principles and methods from educational technology and the learning sciences to create engaging and effective learning experiences, support the difficulties and challenges of learners as they learn, and come to better understand learners and learning. It emphasizes the
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kaggle.com/datasets/mbanaei/all-paraphs-parsed-expanded
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**Middle reliever** Middle reliever: In baseball, a middle reliever or middle relief pitcher, is a relief pitcher who typically pitches during the fifth, sixth, and seventh innings of a standard baseball game. In leagues with no designated hitter, such as in the National League prior to 2022 and the Japanese
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kaggle.com/datasets/mbanaei/all-paraphs-parsed-expanded
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**Nested transaction** Nested transaction: A nested transaction is a database transaction that is started by an instruction within the scope of an already started transaction. Nested transactions are implemented differently in different databases. However, they have in common that the changes are not made visible to any unrelated transactions until
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kaggle.com/datasets/mbanaei/all-paraphs-parsed-expanded
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**Decamethylferrocene** Decamethylferrocene: Decamethylferrocene or bis(pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)iron(II) is a chemical compound with formula Fe(C5(CH3)5)2 or C20H30Fe. It is a sandwich compound, whose molecule has an iron(II) cation Fe2+ attached by coordination bonds between two pentamethylcyclopentadienyl anions (Cp*−, (CH3)5C−5). It can also be viewed as a derivative of ferrocene, with a methyl group
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kaggle.com/datasets/mbanaei/all-paraphs-parsed-expanded
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**RoboCup Simulation League** RoboCup Simulation League: The RoboCup Simulation League is one of five soccer leagues within the RoboCup initiative.It is characterised by independently moving software players (agents) that play soccer on a virtual field inside a computer simulation. It is divided into four subleagues: 2D Soccer Simulation 3D Soccer
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kaggle.com/datasets/mbanaei/all-paraphs-parsed-expanded
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**Lagometer** Lagometer: A lagometer is a display of network latency on an Internet connection and of rendering by the client. Lagometers are commonly found in computer games or IRC where timing plays a large role. Quake and derived games commonly have them. Lagometer: Advanced lagometer consists of two lines –
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kaggle.com/datasets/mbanaei/all-paraphs-parsed-expanded
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**Russell 2000 Index** Russell 2000 Index: The Russell 2000 Index is a small-cap U.S. stock market index that makes up the smallest 2,000 stocks in the Russell 3000 Index. It was started by the Frank Russell Company in 1984. The index is maintained by FTSE Russell, a subsidiary of the
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kaggle.com/datasets/mbanaei/all-paraphs-parsed-expanded
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**Sigma 150-600mm f/5-6.3 DG OS HSM lens** Sigma 150-600mm f/5-6.3 DG OS HSM lens: The Sigma APO 150-600mm F5-6.3 DG OS HSM lens is a super-telephoto lens produced by Sigma Corporation. Sigma 150-600mm f/5-6.3 DG OS HSM lens: It is actually a range of two slightly different lenses based on
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kaggle.com/datasets/mbanaei/all-paraphs-parsed-expanded
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**Urelement** Urelement: In set theory, a branch of mathematics, an urelement or ur-element (from the German prefix ur-, 'primordial') is an object that is not a set, but that may be an element of a set. It is also referred to as an atom or individual. Theory: There are several
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kaggle.com/datasets/mbanaei/all-paraphs-parsed-expanded
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**Mid-Atlantic Soft Matter Workshop** Mid-Atlantic Soft Matter Workshop: Mid-Atlantic Soft Matter Workshop or MASM is an interdisciplinary meeting on soft matter routinely hosted and participated in by research and educational organizations in the mid-Atlantic region of the United States. The workshop consists of several talks relating to the field of
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kaggle.com/datasets/mbanaei/all-paraphs-parsed-expanded
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**Discrete cosine transform** Discrete cosine transform: A discrete cosine transform (DCT) expresses a finite sequence of data points in terms of a sum of cosine functions oscillating at different frequencies. The DCT, first proposed by Nasir Ahmed in 1972, is a widely used transformation technique in signal processing and data
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kaggle.com/datasets/mbanaei/all-paraphs-parsed-expanded
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**Monocytopenia** Monocytopenia: Monocytopenia is a form of leukopenia associated with a deficiency of monocytes. It has been proposed as a measure during chemotherapy to predict neutropenia, though some research indicates that it is less effective than lymphopenia. Causes: The causes of monocytopenia include: acute infections, stress, treatment with glucocorticoids, aplastic
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kaggle.com/datasets/mbanaei/all-paraphs-parsed-expanded
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**Shc (shell script compiler)** Shc (shell script compiler): shc is a shell script compiler for Unix-like operating systems written in the C programming language. The Shell Script Compiler (SHC) encodes and encrypts shell scripts into executable binaries. Compiling shell scripts into binaries provides protection against accidental changes and source code
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kaggle.com/datasets/mbanaei/all-paraphs-parsed-expanded
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**Desktop environment** Desktop environment: In computing, a desktop environment (DE) is an implementation of the desktop metaphor made of a bundle of programs running on top of a computer operating system that share a common graphical user interface (GUI), sometimes described as a graphical shell. The desktop environment was seen
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kaggle.com/datasets/mbanaei/all-paraphs-parsed-expanded
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**SPIM** SPIM: SPIM is a MIPS processor simulator, designed to run assembly language code for this architecture. The program simulates R2000 and R3000 processors, and was written by James R. Larus while a professor at the University of Wisconsin–Madison. The MIPS machine language is often taught in college-level assembly courses,
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kaggle.com/datasets/mbanaei/all-paraphs-parsed-expanded
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**Carbon tetraiodide** Carbon tetraiodide: Carbon tetraiodide is a tetrahalomethane with the molecular formula CI4. Being bright red, it is a relatively rare example of a highly colored methane derivative. It is only 2.3% by weight carbon, although other methane derivatives are known with still less carbon. Structure: The tetrahedral molecule
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**Asystole** Asystole: Asystole (New Latin, from Greek privative a "not, without" + systolē "contraction") is the absence of ventricular contractions in the context of a lethal heart arrhythmia (in contrast to an induced asystole on a cooled patient on a heart-lung machine and general anesthesia during surgery necessitating stopping the
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kaggle.com/datasets/mbanaei/all-paraphs-parsed-expanded
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**Lie–Kolchin theorem** Lie–Kolchin theorem: In mathematics, the Lie–Kolchin theorem is a theorem in the representation theory of linear algebraic groups; Lie's theorem is the analog for linear Lie algebras. It states that if G is a connected and solvable linear algebraic group defined over an algebraically closed field and ρ:G→GL(V)
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kaggle.com/datasets/mbanaei/all-paraphs-parsed-expanded
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**Isotope fractionation** Isotope fractionation: Isotope fractionation describes fractionation processes that affect the relative abundance of isotopes, phenomena which are taken advantage of in isotope geochemistry and other fields. Normally, the focus is on stable isotopes of the same element. Isotopic fractionation can be measured by isotope analysis, using isotope-ratio mass
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kaggle.com/datasets/mbanaei/all-paraphs-parsed-expanded
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**Cloud chamber** Cloud chamber: A cloud chamber, also known as a Wilson cloud chamber, is a particle detector used for visualizing the passage of ionizing radiation. Cloud chamber: A cloud chamber consists of a sealed environment containing a supersaturated vapor of water or alcohol. An energetic charged particle (for example,
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kaggle.com/datasets/mbanaei/all-paraphs-parsed-expanded
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**Popular beat combo** Popular beat combo: Popular beat combo, which originated as a synonym for "pop group", is a phrase within British culture. It may also be used more specifically to refer to The Beatles, or other such purveyors of beat music. The phrase is frequently used in Private Eye
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kaggle.com/datasets/mbanaei/all-paraphs-parsed-expanded
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**Protoaphin-aglucone dehydratase (cyclizing)** Protoaphin-aglucone dehydratase (cyclizing): The enzyme protoaphin-aglucone dehydratase (cyclizing) (EC 4.2.1.73) catalyzes the chemical reaction protoaphin aglucone ⇌ xanthoaphin + H2OThis enzyme belongs to the family of lyases, specifically the hydro-lyases, which cleave carbon-oxygen bonds. The systematic name of this enzyme class is protoaphin-aglucone hydro-lyase (cyclizing; xanthoaphin-forming). Other
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kaggle.com/datasets/mbanaei/all-paraphs-parsed-expanded
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**Coeliac UK** Coeliac UK: Coeliac UK is a UK charity for people with coeliac disease - a condition estimated to affect 1 out of every 100 people and to be twice as common in women as in men - and the skin manifestation of the condition, dermatitis herpetiformis (DH). History:
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kaggle.com/datasets/mbanaei/all-paraphs-parsed-expanded
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**Apoptosis-inducing factor, mitochondria-associated 3** Apoptosis-inducing factor, mitochondria-associated 3: Apoptosis-inducing factor, mitochondria-associated 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the AIFM3 gene.
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kaggle.com/datasets/mbanaei/all-paraphs-parsed-expanded
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**Troponin** Troponin: Troponin, or the troponin complex, is a complex of three regulatory proteins (troponin C, troponin I, and troponin T) that are integral to muscle contraction in skeletal muscle and cardiac muscle, but not smooth muscle. Measurements of cardiac-specific troponins I and T are extensively used as diagnostic and
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kaggle.com/datasets/mbanaei/all-paraphs-parsed-expanded
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**ML (programming language)** ML (programming language): ML (Meta Language) is a general-purpose functional programming language. It is known for its use of the polymorphic Hindley–Milner type system, which automatically assigns the types of most expressions without requiring explicit type annotations, and ensures type safety – there is a formal proof
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kaggle.com/datasets/mbanaei/all-paraphs-parsed-expanded
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**Transcriptome** Transcriptome: The transcriptome is the set of all RNA transcripts, including coding and non-coding, in an individual or a population of cells. The term can also sometimes be used to refer to all RNAs, or just mRNA, depending on the particular experiment. The term transcriptome is a portmanteau of
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kaggle.com/datasets/mbanaei/all-paraphs-parsed-expanded
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**Nervine** Nervine: Nervine was a patent medicine tonic with sedative effects introduced in 1884 by Dr. Miles Medical Company (later Miles Laboratories which was absorbed into Bayer). It is a cognate of 'Nerve', and the implication was that the material worked to calm nervousness. Formulation: One form of Nervine was
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kaggle.com/datasets/mbanaei/all-paraphs-parsed-expanded
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**Comonotonicity** Comonotonicity: In probability theory, comonotonicity mainly refers to the perfect positive dependence between the components of a random vector, essentially saying that they can be represented as increasing functions of a single random variable. In two dimensions it is also possible to consider perfect negative dependence, which is called
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**Becoming (philosophy)** Becoming (philosophy): Process philosophy, also ontology of becoming, or processism, is an approach in philosophy that identifies processes, changes, or shifting relationships as the only real experience of everyday living. In opposition to the classical view of change as illusory (as argued by Parmenides) or accidental (as argued
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kaggle.com/datasets/mbanaei/all-paraphs-parsed-expanded
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**Process trailer** Process trailer: A process trailer, also known as insert trailer and low loader, is a trailer towed by a tracking vehicle for the purpose of being used as a moving camera platform. They are generally very low to the ground to give a realistic perspective of height and
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kaggle.com/datasets/mbanaei/all-paraphs-parsed-expanded
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**Guluronic acid** Guluronic acid: Guluronic acid is a uronic acid monosaccharide that may be derived from gulose. l-Guluronic acid is a C-3 epimer of l-galacturonic acid and a C-5 epimer of d-mannuronic acid. Along with d-mannuronic acid, l-guluronic acid is a component of alginic acid, a polysaccharide found in brown
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kaggle.com/datasets/mbanaei/all-paraphs-parsed-expanded
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**Collier's sign** Collier's sign: Collier's sign (also known as Collier's tucked lid sign or posterior fossa stare) is bilateral or unilateral eyelid retraction. Collier's sign: It is an accepted medical sign of a midbrain lesion, first described in 1927 by J Collier. With the eyes in the primary position, the
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kaggle.com/datasets/mbanaei/all-paraphs-parsed-expanded
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**Bell boots** Bell boots: Bell boots, or overreach boots, are a type of protective boot worn by a horse. They encircle the horse's ankle, and protect the back of the pastern and the heels of the animal. Uses of bell boots: Bell boots are usually worn to prevent overreaching (when
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kaggle.com/datasets/mbanaei/all-paraphs-parsed-expanded
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**Skills-based routing** Skills-based routing: Skills-based routing (SBR), or skills-based call routing, is a call-assignment strategy used in call centres to assign incoming calls to the most suitable agent, instead of simply choosing the next available agent. It is an enhancement to the automatic call distributor (ACD) systems found in most
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kaggle.com/datasets/mbanaei/all-paraphs-parsed-expanded
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**KAlgebra** KAlgebra: KAlgebra is a mathematical graph calculator included in the KDE education package. While it is based on the MathML content markup language, knowledge of MathML is not required for use. The calculator includes numerical, logical, symbolic, and analytical functions, and can plot the results onto a 2D or
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**Vaginal microbicide** Vaginal microbicide: A vaginal microbicide is a microbicide for vaginal use. Most commonly such a product would be a topical gel or cream inserted into the vagina so that it may treat some infection in the vagina, such as types of vaginitis. Along with rectal microbicides, vaginal microbicides
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**False peak** False peak: In mountaineering, a false peak or false summit is a peak that appears to be the pinnacle of the mountain but upon reaching, it turns out the summit is higher. False peaks can have significant and discouraging effects on climbers' psychological states by inducing feelings of
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**Neoeriocitrin** Neoeriocitrin: Neoeriocitrin is a 7-O-glycoside of the flavanone eriodictyol and the disaccharide neohesperidose (α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranose). Note that the 'neo' in the name in this case does not refer to the position of the B-ring (which is not in a neo position), but refer to the glycosyl moiety.
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**Food Factor** Food Factor: Food Factor is the FIRST Lego League (FLL) competition for 2011-12; released on September 2. It focuses on food safety and methods to prevent contamination.This is the first year that the name of the challenge theme of FLL is different from Jr.FLL. Jr.FLL's theme for 2011-12
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**C1QL1** C1QL1: The complement component 1, q subcomponent-like 1 (or C1QL1) is encoded by a gene located at chromosome 17q21.31. It is a secreted protein and is 258 amino acids in length. The protein is widely expressed but its expression is highest in the brain and may also be involved
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**Occupy movement hand signals** Occupy movement hand signals: The Occupy movement hand signals are a group of hand signals used by Occupy movement protesters to negotiate a consensus. Hand signals are used instead of conventional audible signals, like applause, shouts, or booing, because they do not interrupt the speaker using
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**Supercritical angle fluorescence microscopy** Supercritical angle fluorescence microscopy: Supercritical angle fluorescence microscopy (SAF) is a technique to detect and characterize fluorescent species (proteins, biomolecules, pharmaceuticals, etc.) and their behaviour close or even adsorbed or linked at surfaces. The method is able to observe molecules in a distance of less than
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**HTree** HTree: An HTree is a specialized tree data structure for directory indexing, similar to a B-tree. They are constant depth of either one or two levels, have a high fanout factor, use a hash of the filename, and do not require balancing. The HTree algorithm is distinguished from standard
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**Opal** Opal: Opal is a hydrated amorphous form of silica (SiO2·nH2O); its water content may range from 3 to 21% by weight, but is usually between 6 and 10%. Due to its amorphous property, it is classified as a mineraloid, unlike crystalline forms of silica, which are considered minerals. It
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**Trophic level** Trophic level: The trophic level of an organism is the position it occupies in a food web. A food chain is a succession of organisms that eat other organisms and may, in turn, be eaten themselves. The trophic level of an organism is the number of steps it
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**Cetrimonium bromide** Cetrimonium bromide: Cetrimonium bromide ([(C16H33)N(CH3)3]Br; cetyltrimethylammonium bromide; hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide; CTAB) is a quaternary ammonium surfactant. Cetrimonium bromide: It is one of the components of the topical antiseptic cetrimide. The cetrimonium (hexadecyltrimethylammonium) cation is an effective antiseptic agent against bacteria and fungi. It is also one of the main
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**Lithium ion manganese oxide battery** Lithium ion manganese oxide battery: A lithium ion manganese oxide battery (LMO) is a lithium-ion cell that uses manganese dioxide, MnO2, as the cathode material. They function through the same intercalation/de-intercalation mechanism as other commercialized secondary battery technologies, such as LiCoO2. Cathodes based on manganese-oxide
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**L(R)** L(R): In set theory, L(R) (pronounced L of R) is the smallest transitive inner model of ZF containing all the ordinals and all the reals. Construction: It can be constructed in a manner analogous to the construction of L (that is, Gödel's constructible universe), by adding in all the
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**Viruses of the Mind** Viruses of the Mind: "Viruses of the Mind" is an essay by British evolutionary biologist Richard Dawkins, first published in the book Dennett and His Critics: Demystifying Mind (1993). Dawkins originally wrote the essay in 1991 and delivered it as a Voltaire Lecture on 6 November
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**Carbyl sulfate** Carbyl sulfate: Carbyl sulfate is an organosulfur compound. The white solid is the product of the reaction of sulfur trioxide and ethylene. It is used in preparation of some dyes and other organosulfur compounds. Carbyl sulfate is a colorless, crystalline, hygroscopic substance although commercial product can appear as
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**Wharton's jelly** Wharton's jelly: Wharton's jelly (substantia gelatinea funiculi umbilicalis) is a gelatinous substance within the umbilical cord, largely made up of mucopolysaccharides (hyaluronic acid and chondroitin sulfate). It acts as a mucous connective tissue containing some fibroblasts and macrophages, and is derived from extra-embryonic mesoderm of the connecting stalk.
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**GPR156** GPR156: GPR156 (G protein-coupled receptor 156), is a human gene which encodes a G protein-coupled receptor belonging to metabotropic glutamate receptor subfamily. By sequence homology, this gene was proposed as being a possible GABAB receptor subunit, however when expressed in cells alone or with other GABAB subunits, no response
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**Bastnäsite** Bastnäsite: The mineral bastnäsite (or bastnaesite) is one of a family of three carbonate-fluoride minerals, which includes bastnäsite-(Ce) with a formula of (Ce, La)CO3F, bastnäsite-(La) with a formula of (La, Ce)CO3F, and bastnäsite-(Y) with a formula of (Y, Ce)CO3F. Some of the bastnäsites contain OH− instead of F− and
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**3DXRD** 3DXRD: Three-dimensional X-ray diffraction (3DXRD) is a microscopy technique using hard X-rays (with energy in the 30-100 keV range) to investigate the internal structure of polycrystalline materials in three dimensions. For a given sample, 3DXRD returns the shape, juxtaposition, and orientation of the crystallites ("grains") it is made of.
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**SYBL1** SYBL1: Vesicle-associated membrane protein 7 (VAMP-7), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the VAMP7 gene also known as the or SYBL1 gene. Function: VAMP-7 is a transmembrane protein that is a member of the soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor (SNARE) family. VAMP-7 localizes to late
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**Blood–gas partition coefficient** Blood–gas partition coefficient: Blood–gas partition coefficient, also known as Ostwald coefficient for blood–gas, is a term used in pharmacology to describe the solubility of inhaled general anesthetics in blood. According to Henry's law, the ratio of the concentration in blood to the concentration in gas that is
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**Old Nassau reaction** Old Nassau reaction: The Old Nassau reaction or Halloween reaction is a chemical clock reaction in which a clear solution turns orange and then black. This reaction was discovered by two undergraduate students at Princeton University researching the inhibition of the iodine clock reaction (or Landolt reaction)
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kaggle.com/datasets/mbanaei/all-paraphs-parsed-expanded
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**Rattlesnake round-up** Rattlesnake round-up: Rattlesnake round-ups (or roundups), also known as rattlesnake rodeos, are annual events common in the rural Midwest and Southern United States, where the primary attractions are captured wild rattlesnakes which are sold, displayed, killed for food or animal products (such as snakeskin) or released back into
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kaggle.com/datasets/mbanaei/all-paraphs-parsed-expanded
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**Elementary amenable group** Elementary amenable group: In mathematics, a group is called elementary amenable if it can be built up from finite groups and abelian groups by a sequence of simple operations that result in amenable groups when applied to amenable groups. Since finite groups and abelian groups are amenable,
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kaggle.com/datasets/mbanaei/all-paraphs-parsed-expanded
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**Tele-TASK** Tele-TASK: Tele-TASK is a university research project in the e-learning area. It can be applied to lecture recording, post-processing and distribution. Research topics include e-learning, tele-teaching, semantic web, video analysis, speech recognition, collaborative learning, social networking, web technologies, recommendation systems, statistics and video codecs and conversion. The project was
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kaggle.com/datasets/mbanaei/all-paraphs-parsed-expanded
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**DNA fragmentation** DNA fragmentation: DNA fragmentation is the separation or breaking of DNA strands into pieces. It can be done intentionally by laboratory personnel or by cells, or can occur spontaneously. Spontaneous or accidental DNA fragmentation is fragmentation that gradually accumulates in a cell. It can be measured by e.g.
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kaggle.com/datasets/mbanaei/all-paraphs-parsed-expanded
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**Out-of-home entertainment** Out-of-home entertainment: Out-of-home entertainment (OOHE or OHE) is a term coined by the amusement industry to collectively refer to experiences at regional attractions like theme parks and waterparks with their thrill rides and slides, and smaller community-based entertainment venues such as family entertainment and cultural venues. Out-of-home entertainment:
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kaggle.com/datasets/mbanaei/all-paraphs-parsed-expanded
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**Eureka effect** Eureka effect: The eureka effect (also known as the Aha! moment or eureka moment) refers to the common human experience of suddenly understanding a previously incomprehensible problem or concept. Some research describes the Aha! effect (also known as insight or epiphany) as a memory advantage, but conflicting results
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kaggle.com/datasets/mbanaei/all-paraphs-parsed-expanded
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**Steroid acne** Steroid acne: Steroid acne is an adverse reaction to corticosteroids, and presents as small, firm follicular papules on the forehead, cheeks, and chest.: 137 Steroid acne presents with monomorphous pink paupules, as well as comedones, which may be indistinguishable from those of acne vulgaris. Steroid acne is commonly
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kaggle.com/datasets/mbanaei/all-paraphs-parsed-expanded
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**Fluid warmer** Fluid warmer: A fluid warmer is a medical device used in healthcare facilities for warming fluids, crystalloid, colloid, or blood products, before being administered (intravenously or by other parenteral routes) to body temperature levels to prevent hypothermia in physically traumatized or surgical patients. Infusion fluid warmers are FDA-regulated
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kaggle.com/datasets/mbanaei/all-paraphs-parsed-expanded
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**Bilinear interpolation** Bilinear interpolation: In mathematics, bilinear interpolation is a method for interpolating functions of two variables (e.g., x and y) using repeated linear interpolation. It is usually applied to functions sampled on a 2D rectilinear grid, though it can be generalized to functions defined on the vertices of (a
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kaggle.com/datasets/mbanaei/all-paraphs-parsed-expanded
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**Simulation Interoperability Standards Organization** Simulation Interoperability Standards Organization: The Simulation Interoperability Standards Organization (SISO) is an organization dedicated to the promotion of modeling and simulation interoperability and reuse for the benefit of diverse modeling and simulation communities, including developers, procurers, and users, worldwide. History: The Simulation Interoperability Standards Organization (SISO)
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kaggle.com/datasets/mbanaei/all-paraphs-parsed-expanded
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**PrintMaster** PrintMaster: PrintMaster is a greeting card and banner creation program for Commodore 64, Amiga, Apple II and IBM PC computers. PrintMaster sold more than two million copies. History: In 1986, the first version of PrintMaster was the target of a lawsuit by Broderbund, who alleged that PrintMaster was a
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kaggle.com/datasets/mbanaei/all-paraphs-parsed-expanded
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**Non-squeezing theorem** Non-squeezing theorem: The non-squeezing theorem, also called Gromov's non-squeezing theorem, is one of the most important theorems in symplectic geometry. It was first proven in 1985 by Mikhail Gromov. The theorem states that one cannot embed a ball into a cylinder via a symplectic map unless the radius
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kaggle.com/datasets/mbanaei/all-paraphs-parsed-expanded
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**Exogenesis: Perils of Rebirth** Exogenesis: Perils of Rebirth: Exogenesis: Perils of Rebirth is a science fiction adventure game/visual novel developed by Kwan for Microsoft Windows, OS X, and Linux. Gameplay: The game alternates between point-and-click adventure sections in first person, in which the player explores the environment and solves puzzles,
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kaggle.com/datasets/mbanaei/all-paraphs-parsed-expanded
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**6-Nonenal** 6-Nonenal: 6-Nonenal is an organic compound with the formula C2H5CH=CH(CH2)4CHO. Other isomeric nonenal compounds are also known to exist naturally, e.g. 2-nonenal. The cis-isomer of 6-nonenal is often listed as the principal component in the aromas of muskmelon fruits. The trans-isomer is listed as an off-flavor aroma of milk
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kaggle.com/datasets/mbanaei/all-paraphs-parsed-expanded
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**SCSI contingent allegiance condition** SCSI contingent allegiance condition: On a computer SCSI connection, a contingent allegiance condition occurs while a SCSI device reports an error. SCSI communication takes place between an initiator and a target. The initiator sends a command to the target which then responds. At the end of
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kaggle.com/datasets/mbanaei/all-paraphs-parsed-expanded
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**Mod Archive** Mod Archive: The Mod Archive is a website dedicated to the indexing and archival of playable music module files. It allows anyone to upload modules, and provides charts, reviews and ratings of music files based on a community effort. Formats covered by the site are MOD, IT, XM,
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kaggle.com/datasets/mbanaei/all-paraphs-parsed-expanded
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**Carrot cake cookie** Carrot cake cookie: A carrot cake cookie is a cookie prepared with ingredients that provide a flavor and texture similar to carrot cake. Ingredients: Typical ingredients include grated carrot, flour, sugar or brown sugar, cooking oil, spices and baking soda. Additional ingredients may include shredded coconut, raisins,
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kaggle.com/datasets/mbanaei/all-paraphs-parsed-expanded
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**AVCOAT** AVCOAT: AVCOAT 5026-39 is a NASA code for a specific ablative heat shield material created by Avco (acquired by Textron in 1984). It is an epoxy novolac resin with special additives in a fiberglass honeycomb matrix. In fabrication, the empty honeycomb is bonded to the primary structure and the
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kaggle.com/datasets/mbanaei/all-paraphs-parsed-expanded
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**Concrete leveling** Concrete leveling: In civil engineering, concrete leveling is a procedure that attempts to correct an uneven concrete surface by altering the foundation that the surface sits upon. It is a cheaper alternative to having replacement concrete poured and is commonly performed at small businesses and private homes as
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kaggle.com/datasets/mbanaei/all-paraphs-parsed-expanded
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**DNA database** DNA database: A DNA database or DNA databank is a database of DNA profiles which can be used in the analysis of genetic diseases, genetic fingerprinting for criminology, or genetic genealogy. DNA databases may be public or private, the largest ones being national DNA databases. DNA database: DNA
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kaggle.com/datasets/mbanaei/all-paraphs-parsed-expanded
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**Isotopes of osmium** Isotopes of osmium: Osmium (76Os) has seven naturally occurring isotopes, five of which are stable: 187Os, 188Os, 189Os, 190Os, and (most abundant) 192Os. The other natural isotopes, 184Os, and 186Os, have extremely long half-life (1.12×1013 years and 2×1015 years, respectively) and for practical purposes can be considered
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kaggle.com/datasets/mbanaei/all-paraphs-parsed-expanded
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**Compact (cosmetics)** Compact (cosmetics): A compact (also powder box, powder case and flapjack) is a cosmetic product. It is usually a small round metal case and contains two or more of the following: a mirror, pressed or loose face powder with a gauze sifter and a powder puff. History: Compacts
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kaggle.com/datasets/mbanaei/all-paraphs-parsed-expanded
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