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other | There was a lot of experimenting and a lot of hours spent with Brian Eno, me, and Rhett in the control room doing all the things that eventually evolved into those cards, the Oblique Strategies, and it was just a lot of fun. | ||||||
other | Eno's group on "Taking Tiger Mountain" included Brian Turrington and Freddie Smith of The Winkies, along with Wyatt and Manzanera. | ||||||
other | Other musicians played on the album. | ||||||
other | These included Andy Mackay of Roxy Music, along with the Portsmouth Sinfonia, an orchestra in which Eno had once played clarinet. | ||||||
other | The Portsmouth Sinfonia allowed anybody to join as long as they had no experience with the instrument they would play in the orchestra. | ||||||
other | For guest drummer Phil Collins, Eno called in a favor from Collins' group Genesis. | ||||||
other | After Eno had helped with the production of Genesis' album "The Lamb Lies Down on Broadway", Genesis front man Peter Gabriel asked how they could reciprocate. | ||||||
other | Collins played drums on "Mother Whale Eyeless". | ||||||
other | The sound of "Taking Tiger Mountain (By Strategy)" has been described as more upbeat than Eno's previous solo album, while the lyrics have darker themes and subject matter. | ||||||
other | The album's lyrics have been described as "remarkably literate and often humorous" with "quick-fire rhymes, oddball couplets, abrupt demands and ruthless statements". | ||||||
other | To create the lyrics, Eno sang nonsense syllables to the record's backing tracks and then turned them into words. | ||||||
other | This lyric-writing method was used for all his more vocal-based recordings of the 1970s. | ||||||
other | References to China appear in the album's songs, including "Burning Airlines Give You So Much More", "China My China" and "Taking Tiger Mountain". | ||||||
other | Steve Huey of AllMusic described the album as themes as "often inscrutable, but still playful – about espionage, the Chinese Communist revolution, and dream associations." | ||||||
other | On the political theme within the lyrics and album title, Eno explained that he is "not Maoist or anything like that; if anything I'm anti-Maoist". | ||||||
other | The album addresses several different esoteric topics. | ||||||
other | "Burning Airlines Give You So Much More" is inspired by a 1974 crash near Paris of a Turkish Airlines DC-10, one of the worst air crashes in history. | ||||||
other | "The Fat Lady of Limbourg", described by Eno as a "Burroughs-type song" about an asylum in Limbourg, Belgium, where the residents of it outnumber the population of the town. | ||||||
other | "The Great Pretender" describes the rape of a suburban housewife by a crazed machine. | ||||||
other | "Taking Tiger Mountain (By Strategy)" was released in November 1974 in a gatefold sleeve. | ||||||
other | No singles were released from the album and it failed to chart in either the United Kingdom or the United States. | ||||||
other | In 2004, "Taking Tiger Mountain" was reissued by Virgin Records in remastered digipak form. | ||||||
other | Like "Here Come the Warm Jets", "Taking Tiger Mountain" received a mostly positive reception from critics. | ||||||
other | Writing for the "Village Voice", Robert Christgau gave the album a rating of A–minus. | ||||||
other | "Every cut on this clear, consistent, elusive album affords distinct present pleasure," he said. | ||||||
other | "Admittedly, when they're over they're over—you don't flash on them the way you do on "Cindy Tells Me" and "Baby's on Fire". | ||||||
other | But that's just his way of being modest." | ||||||
other | Wayne Robbins of "Creem" lauded Eno for the way he "grafts seemingly disparate elements in any way that might be useful to his flow". | ||||||
other | Robbins explained, "It sounds like it might be pretentious; it's not, because Eno is comfortable with those pretensions." | ||||||
other | He concluded that "a man who can write songs like 'Burning Airlines Give You So Much More' has seen the future, and the future is a sonic Disney named Eno, who makes music you can live with". | ||||||
other | "Circus" magazine described the album as "Sick! | ||||||
other | Sick! | ||||||
other | Sick! | ||||||
other | But, oh-h-h, it feels so good! | ||||||
other | [...] guaranteed to be put on the 'Most Wanted' list by psychopaths everywhere [...] [Eno] takes you on a dada-ists tour-de-force, lampooning and integrating every type of music conceivable". | ||||||
other | Critic Ed Naha, writing in "Crawdaddy! | ||||||
other | ", gave the album a negative review, writing "Much of the Wonderlandish magic found on Eno's first LP is lost on this rocky terrain, being replaced by a dull, repetitive aura that is annoying as all hell." | ||||||
other | In 1975 "Taking Tiger Mountain (By Strategy)" was voted one of the best albums of the year in the "Village Voice"<nowiki>'</nowiki>s Pazz & Jop critics poll for 1975. | ||||||
other | Recent assessments of the album have been mostly positive, with AllMusic and "Blender" giving the album five stars, their highest ratings. | ||||||
other | AllMusic's Steve Huey compared the album to "Here Come the Warm Jets", writing "not quite as enthusiastic as "Here Come the Warm Jets", "Taking Tiger Mountain" is made accessible through Eno's mastery of pop song structure". | ||||||
other | Douglas Wolk of "Blender" rated it more highly than "Here Come the Warm Jets", calling it "more immediately likeable". | ||||||
other | "Select" gave the album a four-out-of-five rating, calling it "excellent." | ||||||
other | He described the songs "Mother Whale Eyeless", "Put a Straw under Baby" and "Third Uncle" as highlights. | ||||||
other | Chris Jones of BBC Music called "Taking Tiger Mountain (By Strategy)" "a work of genius because it didn't know the meaning of repetition" and "merely took "Warm Jets" and refined it into a smoother lump of oddness." | ||||||
other | Note | ||||||
other | Guest musicians | ||||||
other | Production | ||||||
other | Works cited | ||||||
other | Great Seal of the Irish Free State | ||||||
other | The Great Seal of the Irish Free State () is the seal which was used to seal official documents of the Irish Free State ("Saorstát Éireann") by the Governor-General. | ||||||
other | The physical seal is currently on public display at National Museum of Ireland at Collins Barracks, Dublin. | ||||||
other | Both sides of the Great Seal feature an image of the harp surrounded by the words "SAORSTÁT ÉIREANN" in Gaelic script. | ||||||
other | One side is engraved in silver, the other in copper. | ||||||
other | After the 1937 Constitution of Ireland was enacted the Seal of the President of Ireland was struck as a replacement to the Great Seal. | ||||||
other | It is substantially the same as the former Seal but features the word "ÉIRE" instead of "SAORSTÁT ÉIREANN". | ||||||
other | The Great Seal of Ireland was used in the English king's Lordship of Ireland, which in 1534 became the Kingdom of Ireland. | ||||||
other | The seal was retained by the Acts of Union 1800 for use by the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland in the business of the Dublin Castle administration. | ||||||
other | The Government of Ireland Act 1920 retained the Lord Lieutenant and Great Seal for use by both Northern Ireland and Southern Ireland. | ||||||
other | The 1921 Anglo-Irish Treaty envisaged an Irish Free State to replace Southern Ireland, with a Provisional Government and Provisional Parliament until the Free State's constitution was enacted. | ||||||
other | The draft constitution replaced the Lord Lieutenant with a Governor General but made no explicit mention of the seal. | ||||||
other | In August 1922 the Provisional Government's civil servants sought ministerial approval to adopt a seal. | ||||||
other | It was thought necessary for legal reasons: The treaty and draft constitution specified that the Irish Free State would have the same constitutional status as Canada, which had its own Great Seal since its Confederation in 1867. | ||||||
other | The letters patent issued on 6 December 1922 constituting the office of Governor-General said: | ||||||
other | The Irish Free State (Consequential Provisions) Act 1922 also created a separate Governor and Great Seal for Northern Ireland. | ||||||
other | Regarding the design of the Great Seal, an approach was made by Hugh Kennedy, the Attorney General, to Thomas Sadleir, Registrar of the Office of Arms at Dublin Castle. | ||||||
other | In his reply Sadlier noted that he was ""satisfied that the harp was very early in the 12th century an Irish badge..."". | ||||||
other | The 1919–1922 seal of the revolutionary Dáil of the self-proclaimed Irish Republic showed a harp surrounded by the words "Sigullum Reipublicae Hibernicae — Seala Saorstáit Éireann". | ||||||
other | By contrast, the 1922 Provisional Government's seal was a quartering of the arms of the four provinces. | ||||||
other | The Provisional Government's private secretary suggested to Hugh Kennedy a similar seal for the Free State: "If considered desirable to symbolise in the design the present partition of Ulster, this could be done by leaving the Arms incomplete and broken at the corner.". | ||||||
other | George Sigerson, the President of the National Literary Society, recommended to Tim Healy, the new Governor-General, that the harp should be adopted as the symbol of the Free State. | ||||||
other | His view was that: | ||||||
other | On 28 December 1922 a meeting of the Executive Council of the Irish Free State decided that the Celtic harp should be adopted. | ||||||
other | Later, in August 1923 the Executive Council determined that the "Brian Ború" harp in Trinity College, Dublin, would be the basis of the new seal. | ||||||
other | Archibald McGoogan of the Art Department of the National Museum perfected the design. | ||||||
other | Elements of the Ardagh Chalice were incorporated into the design of the Great Seal. | ||||||
other | Final authorisation was given by the Executive Council on 17 October 1924 for the provision of the various seals, including ministerial seals which had the Brian Ború harp circumscribed with "Saorstát Éireann" and the ministerial title in Irish and English. | ||||||
other | The rope pattern was a direct copy of the base of the Ardagh Chalice. | ||||||
other | Mabel McConnell, from a family of heraldic artists, was contracted by the Executive Council to make the sketches which the Royal Mint in England used to cast the die matrix for the seal. | ||||||
other | The Colonial Office objected that the design ought to have been submitted to the Privy Council and approved by Order in Council, but in 1925 the Mint fulfilled the commission regardless. | ||||||
other | In 1931, a separate External Great Seal or Royal Great Seal was created to be used on diplomatic documents which required the signature of the monarch in London rather than the Governor-General in Dublin. | ||||||
other | Up to 1931, such documents had been transmitted to the Dominions Office and the British Great Seal of the Realm was applied alongside the signature. | ||||||
other | At the 1930 Imperial Conference, the Free State proposed that a Dominion should be allowed to send documents via its High Commissioner in London, bypassing the British government, and to affix its own seal rather than the British one. | ||||||
other | The conference subcommittee on seals resolved, "The subject should be postponed on the understanding that the whole question should be left for further discussion between Governments should occasion arise". | ||||||
other | In January 1931 the Free State government tested its proposed procedure; it applied the 1925 Free State seal to the instrument of ratification for a 1929 treaty between the Free State and Portugal, and sent it to High Commissioner John W. Dulanty to transmit to King George V. Dulanty was refused an audience, the Britis... | ||||||
other | A compromise was negotiated whereby the Free State would use a separate "external seal" in the custody of its Minister for External Affairs. | ||||||
other | The external seal, designed by Percy Metcalfe, had on its reverse the same harp image as the 1925 "internal" seal, and on its obverse the same image of the monarch enthroned as the British Great Seal of the Realm, except for the quartered royal arms above the throne, where the English arms in first and fourth quarters ... | ||||||
other | George V formally presented the external seal to John W. Dulanty on 18 January 1932 at Sandringham House. | ||||||
other | Arthur Berriedale Keith commented that this marked "the final establishment of the complete international sovereignty of the Free State and the elimination of any British control". | ||||||
other | The External Great Seal was used only on ratifications and Full Powers, and not always on the latter. | ||||||
other | Lesser seals were used on lesser documents: | ||||||
other | Whereas the UK's Crown Office Act 1877 permits a small wafer Great Seal to replace the cumbersome wax Great Seal, the Free State's wax seal had no wafer equivalent. | ||||||
other | The first use of the External Great Seal was not until 1937, for ratifying the Montreux Convention Regarding the Abolition of the Capitulations in Egypt. | ||||||
other | Successive governments minimised the use of monarch and the External Great Seal. | ||||||
other | The state typically conducted bilateral agreements at inter-government level rather than the nominally more prestigious head-of-state level, so that the Minister for External Affairs would use the internal Great Seal for any documents. | ||||||
other | After signing some multilateral treaties that would have required the External Great Seal for ratification, the state chose instead to wait until the treaty had come into force and then become a party to it by accession rather than ratification, as the internal Great Seal would suffice for accession. | ||||||
other | After the Statute of Westminster 1931, following the Free State's lead, the Union of South Africa in 1934 and Canada in 1939 passed laws permitting themselves to use their own Great Seals for diplomatic functions. | ||||||
other | The Constitution (Amendment No. | ||||||
other | 27) Act 1936 abolished the office of Governor-General and transferred his functions to the Executive Council, which thereafter used the internal Great Seal directly rather than advising the Governor General to use it. | ||||||
other | The Executive Authority (External Relations) Act 1936 continued the use of the External Great Seal by the King. | ||||||
other | The internal Great Seal was little used by 1936: there was already a separate Executive Council seal (similar to the Great Seal but with () added to the inscription) and in 1937 Éamon de Valera, who had been President of the Executive Council since 1932, said "I have no idea of what sort of seal that [the internal Grea... |
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