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other | Since two of its three regions, Venezuela and Quito (Ecuador), were still under royalist control, it was only a limited achievement. | ||||||
other | Bolívar continued his efforts against the royalist areas of Venezuela, culminating in the Battle of Carabobo two years later, which all but secured his control of northern South America. | ||||||
other | Bolívar's victory in New Granada was, therefore, a major turning point in the history of northern South America. | ||||||
other | With this shift in political power, the path was laid out for the union of Nueva Granada and Venezuela into the Republic of Colombia. | ||||||
other | However, the campaigns for independence would continue: Antonio José de Sucre marched South, towards Pasto, the Audiencia de Quito, the Viceroyalty of Peru, and the Alto Perú, while Bolivar sought to expand the campaign to the westernmost regions of Venezuela, which still lay under Spanish power, and counted with 27,00... | ||||||
other | Peak District Lead Mining Museum | ||||||
other | The Peak District Lead Mining Museum is located at Matlock Bath, Derbyshire, England. | ||||||
other | The museum has a mockup of a lead mine in which children may safely experience and explore how the miners, and in particular how children, were used in this dangerous aspect of England's industrial past. | ||||||
other | The museum is currently housed inside Grand Pavilion, Matlock Bath. | ||||||
other | Island Gardens DLR station | ||||||
other | Island Gardens is a Docklands Light Railway (DLR) station next to Island Gardens on the Isle of Dogs, East London. | ||||||
other | It is just north of the River Thames and is close to the southern tip of the Isle of Dogs and the River Thames. | ||||||
other | Island Gardens is a public park with a notable view across the river to the classical buildings of the former Greenwich Hospital and the National Maritime Museum, with Greenwich Park forming a backdrop. | ||||||
other | The northern entrance of the Greenwich foot tunnel is within the park. | ||||||
other | The original Island Gardens DLR station was opened on 31 August 1987 as the southern terminus of the initial system. | ||||||
other | It was built adjacent to the site of the old North Greenwich railway station, which had been the southern terminus of the former Millwall Extension Railway. | ||||||
other | It was elevated with two platforms, each capable of accommodating a single car train. | ||||||
other | The station required significant rebuilding to allow the platforms to take two-car trains. | ||||||
other | The extension to Lewisham passes under the River Thames in a deep tube tunnel. | ||||||
other | This required a new station to be built slightly further away from the river, north of Manchester Road, and underground. | ||||||
other | The original station and the southern end of the connecting viaduct have since been demolished. | ||||||
other | London Buses routes 135, the "D" prefix route D7 and night route N550 serve the station. | ||||||
other | Wiley Post | ||||||
other | Wiley Hardeman Post (November 22, 1898 – August 15, 1935) was a famed American aviator during the interwar period and the first pilot to fly solo around the world. | ||||||
other | Also known for his work in high-altitude flying, Post helped develop one of the first pressure suits and discovered the jet stream. | ||||||
other | On August 15, 1935, Post and American humorist Will Rogers were killed when Post's aircraft crashed on takeoff from a lagoon near Point Barrow in the Territory of Alaska. | ||||||
other | Post's Lockheed Vega aircraft, the "Winnie Mae", was on display at the National Air and Space Museum's Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center from 2003 to 2011. | ||||||
other | It is now featured in the "Time and Navigation" gallery on the second floor of the National Air and Space Museum in Washington, D.C. | ||||||
other | Post was born to cotton farmer parents, William Francis and Mae Quinlan Post. | ||||||
other | His family moved to Oklahoma when he was five. | ||||||
other | He was an indifferent student, but managed to complete the sixth grade. | ||||||
other | By 1920 his family settled on a farm near Maysville, Oklahoma. | ||||||
other | Young Wiley's first view of an aircraft in flight came in 1913 at the county fair in Lawton, Oklahoma. | ||||||
other | The plane was a Curtiss-Wright "Pusher type". | ||||||
other | The event so inspired him that he immediately enrolled in the Sweeney Automobile and Aviation School in Kansas City. | ||||||
other | Seven months later, he returned to Oklahoma and went to work at the Chickasaw and Lawton Construction Company. | ||||||
other | During World War I Post wanted to become a pilot in the U.S. Army Air Service (USAS). | ||||||
other | Joining the training camp at the University of Oklahoma, he learned radio technology. | ||||||
other | Germany surrendered before he completed his training, the war ended, and he went to work as a "roughneck" in the Oklahoma oilfields. | ||||||
other | The work was unsteady and he turned briefly to armed robbery. | ||||||
other | He was arrested in 1921 and sent to the Oklahoma State Reformatory. | ||||||
other | Serving more than a year in the Oklahoma State Reformatory, he was paroled in the summer of 1922. | ||||||
other | Post's aviation career began at age 26 as a parachutist for a flying circus, "Burrell Tibbs and His Texas Topnotch Fliers," and he became well known on the barnstorming circuit. | ||||||
other | On October 1, 1926, an oil field accident cost him his left eye, but he used the settlement money to buy his first aircraft. | ||||||
other | Around this time, he met fellow Oklahoman Will Rogers when he flew Rogers to a rodeo, and the two eventually became close friends. | ||||||
other | Post was the personal pilot of wealthy Oklahoma oilmen Powell Briscoe and F.C. | ||||||
other | Hall in 1930 when Hall bought a high-wing, single-engine Lockheed Vega, one of the most famous record-breaking aircraft of the early 1930s. | ||||||
other | The oilman nicknamed it the "Winnie Mae" after his daughter, and Post achieved his first national prominence in it by winning the National Air Race Derby, from Los Angeles to Chicago. | ||||||
other | The fuselage was inscribed, "Los Angeles to Chicago 9 hrs. | ||||||
other | 8 min. | ||||||
other | 2 sec. | ||||||
other | August 27, 1930." | ||||||
other | Adam Charles Williams finished second with a time of 9 hrs. | ||||||
other | 9 min. | ||||||
other | 4 sec. | ||||||
other | In 1930, the record for flying around the world was not held by a fixed-wing aircraft, but by the "Graf Zeppelin", piloted by Hugo Eckener in 1929 with a time of 21 days. | ||||||
other | On June 23, 1931, Post and the Australian navigator Harold Gatty, left Roosevelt Field on Long Island, New York, in the "Winnie Mae" with a flight plan that would take them around the world, stopping at Harbour Grace, Flintshire, Hanover twice, Berlin, Moscow, Novosibirsk, Irkutsk, Blagoveshchensk, Khabarovsk, Nome, wh... | ||||||
other | They arrived back on July 1, after traveling in the record time of 8 days and 15 hours and 51 minutes, in the first successful aerial circumnavigation by a single-engined monoplane. | ||||||
other | The reception they received rivaled Charles Lindbergh's everywhere they went. | ||||||
other | They had lunch at the White House on July 6, rode in a ticker-tape parade the next day in New York City, and were honored at a banquet given by the Aeronautical Chamber of Commerce of America at the Hotel Astor. | ||||||
other | After the flight, Post acquired the "Winnie Mae" from F.C. | ||||||
other | Hall, and he and Gatty published an account of their journey titled, "Around the World in Eight Days," with an introduction by Will Rogers. | ||||||
other | After the record-setting flight, Post wanted to open his own aeronautical school, but could not raise enough financial support because of doubts many had about his rural background and limited formal education. | ||||||
other | Motivated by his detractors, Post decided to attempt a solo flight around the world and to break his previous speed record. | ||||||
other | Over the next year, Post improved his aircraft by installing an autopilot device and a radio direction finder that were in their final stages of development by the Sperry Gyroscope Company and the United States Army. | ||||||
other | In 1933, he repeated his flight around the world, this time using the auto-pilot and compass in place of his navigator and becoming the first to accomplish the feat alone. | ||||||
other | He departed from Floyd Bennett Field and continued on to Berlin where repairs were attempted to his autopilot, stopped at Königsberg to replace some forgotten maps, Moscow for more repairs to his autopilot, Novosibirsk, Irkutsk for final repairs to the autopilot, Rukhlovo, Khabarovsk, Flat where his propeller had to be... | ||||||
other | Fifty thousand people greeted him on his return on July 22 after 7 days, 18 hours, 49 minutes. | ||||||
other | In 1934, with financial support from Frank Phillips of the Phillips Petroleum Company, Post began exploring the limits of high-altitude long-distance flight. | ||||||
other | The Winnie Mae's cabin could not be pressurized, so he worked with Russell S. Colley of the B.F. Goodrich Company to develop what became the world's first practical pressure suit. | ||||||
other | Three pressure suits were fabricated for Wiley Post; only the final version proved successful. | ||||||
other | The first suit ruptured during a pressure test. | ||||||
other | The redesigned second suit used the same helmet as the first but when tested was too tight and they were unable to remove it from Post, so they had to cut him out thus destroying the suit. | ||||||
other | The third suit was redesigned from the previous two. | ||||||
other | The body of the suit had three layers: long underwear, an inner black rubber air pressure bladder, and an outer layer made of rubberized parachute fabric. | ||||||
other | The outer layer was glued to a frame with arm and leg joints that allowed him to operate the flight controls and to walk to and from the aircraft. | ||||||
other | Attached to the frame were pigskin gloves, rubber boots, and an aluminum-and-plastic diver's helmet. | ||||||
other | The helmet had a removable faceplate that could be sealed at a height of 17,000 ft, and could accommodate earphones and a throat microphone. | ||||||
other | The helmet was cylinder-shaped with a circular window. | ||||||
other | In the first flight using the suit on September 5, 1934, Post reached an altitude of 40,000 ft above Chicago. | ||||||
other | Eventually flying as high as 50,000 ft, Post discovered the jet stream and made the first major practical advances in pressurized flight. | ||||||
other | As of 2011 the suit is currently being restored. | ||||||
other | Between February 22 and June 15, 1935, Post made four unsuccessful attempts to complete the first high altitude non-stop flight from Los Angeles to New York, all of which failed for various mechanical reasons. | ||||||
other | The first attempt on February 22 ended just 57.5 miles north of Los Angeles at Muroc, CA (Now Edwards AFB). | ||||||
other | This was followed by attempts on March 15 (Cleveland, Ohio; 2,035 miles), April 14 (Lafayette, Indiana; 1,760 miles), and June 15 (Wichita, KS; 1,188 miles). | ||||||
other | As the attempts were also meant to be the "First Air Mail Stratosphere Flight" over U.S. Air Mail Route #2 (AM-2) from Los Angeles to New York, Post also carried a quantity of 'cacheted' covers sponsored by Transcontinental & Western Air, Inc on all four flights. | ||||||
other | When Post was killed on August 15, 1935, thus ending the possibility of any more attempts to complete the AM-2 stratosphere flight, the covers were finally cancelled in Los Angeles on August 20, 1935, and forwarded to their addressees. | ||||||
other | In 1935 Post became interested in surveying a mail-and-passenger air route from the West Coast of the United States to Russia. | ||||||
other | Short on cash, he built a hybrid using parts salvaged from two different aircraft: the fuselage of an airworthy Lockheed Orion and the wings of a wrecked experimental Lockheed Explorer. | ||||||
other | The Explorer wing was six feet longer in span than the Orion's original wing, an advantage that extended the range of the hybrid aircraft. | ||||||
other | As the Explorer wing did not have retractable landing gear, it also lent itself to the fitting of floats for landing in the lakes of Alaska and Siberia. | ||||||
other | Lockheed refused to make the modifications Post requested on the grounds that the two designs were incompatible and potentially a dangerous mix, so Wiley made the changes himself. | ||||||
other | Post's friend Will Rogers visited him often at the airport in Burbank, California, while Pacific Airmotive Ltd. was modifying the aircraft, and asked Post to fly him through Alaska in search of new material for his newspaper column. | ||||||
other | When the floats Post had ordered were delayed, he used a set designed for a larger type, making the aircraft more nose-heavy than it already was. | ||||||
other | However, according to the research of Bryan Sterling, the floats were the correct type for the aircraft. | ||||||
other | After making a test flight in July, Post and Rogers left Lake Washington, near Seattle, in early August and made several stops in Alaska. | ||||||
other | While Post piloted the aircraft, Rogers wrote his columns on his typewriter. | ||||||
other | On August 15, they left Fairbanks, Alaska, for Point Barrow. | ||||||
other | They were a few miles from there when they became uncertain of their position in bad weather and landed in a lagoon to ask for directions. | ||||||
other | On takeoff, the engine failed at low altitude, and the aircraft, uncontrollably nose-heavy at low speed, plunged into the lagoon, shearing off the right wing, and ended up inverted in the shallow part. |
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