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Lines are long and open gas stations are few and far between in New York and New Jersey, as drivers wait to fill up their tanks. NBC's Katy Tur reports.
Justin Lane / EPA
National Guard troops dispense gasoline in Queens on Saturday.
The gasoline shortage in the New York City area should be over in "a couple more days," Mayor Michael Bloomberg said Saturday, urging New Yorkers to be patient even as officials promised free gas only to then add this caveat: first responders first, then the public can line up.
Electrical power and deliveries are coming back online, Bloomberg said at a press conference, but even so "it may take a few more days before you see this additional supply."
Earlier Saturday, New York Gov. Andrew Cuomo announced that "fuel is on the way" with the Department of Defense deploying five mobile fuel stations to New York City and Long Island, albeit with a 10 gallon limit.
"The good news," Cuomo said of the promised 12 million gallons, "is it's going to be free."
At least 1,000 drivers queued up at one site -- the Freeport Armory in Long Island -- only to be told the gasoline would not arrive for at least eight hours more, one driver said.
"There's just so many people getting very frustrated. People don't know what to do,'' said Lauren Popkoff, a teacher who had been in line for four hours.
The mobile station that opened in Queens was also swamped, NBCNewYork.com reported, with a line of cars stretching 20 blocks.
But the state Division of Military and Naval Affairs later issued an advisory asking the public to stay away from the mobile stations until more fuel is released.
National Guard Col. Richard Goldenberg said Saturday afternoon that people who were already at the distribution sites would not be turned away.
Cuomo added that the reopening of New York Harbor has provided 8 million gallons of fuel and another 28 million will be delivered over the next two days.
Tempers flared as people camped out all night, waiting for their turn at the pump in the wake of Superstorm Sandy. NBC's Tom Costello reports.
A third of the stations in New York City were closed Saturday due to power outages or lack of fuel -- a significant improvement from Friday when two thirds were closed.
When word of free gas spread Saturday, people rushed to the mobile stations.
"I left my coffee on the table and ran out," said Tatiana Gomez of Staten Island, who heard about it on the news while having breakfast.
Her's was the sixth car in line but she still had to wait 2 1/2 hours for the delivery to arrive.
National Guardsmen walked through the crowd, handing out water to those waiting.
"I think since 9/11 we've pulled together as people," Robert Costantino said while in line. "Now, when there's a crisis, we pull together."
Long lines also continued at regular gas stations.
"It's pandemonium out here," said Chris Damon, who was waiting among hundreds, many honking their horns, at a Brooklyn station. "I feel like a victim of Hurricane Katrina. I never thought it could happen here in New York, but it's happened."
Desperate drivers continued to flood north to Connecticut in hopes of finding fuel. Gas lines snaked down surburban side streets as state troopers and local police maintained order and directed the traffic choking U.S. Route 1 , the main artery that runs parallel to Interstate 95 along the coast from New York city to Boston. The backups were mostly confined to stations in Greenwich and Stamford, the first locations across the state line. Gas stations further up the line were operating with little or not waiting.
The availability of fuel north of the city resulted largely because Connecticut dodged two major factors that crimped the flow of gasoline in New York and New Jersey. Many stations in New York City and New Jersey were without power and unable to pump gas.
The closure of New York Harbor – to clear dangerous debris and check navigation buoys – delayed some tanker shipments. Most coastal Connecticut stations, by contrast, had power restored by Saturday and tanker deliveries to coastal Long Island sound gasoline terminals in Bridgeport and New Haven were largely uninterrupted.
Tom Kloza, chief analyst at the Oil Price Information Service, told The Associated Press that drivers seem to fear that stations will be out of gas for a week or more.
"There are some people who need it, but there are a lot of people who are panicking," Kloza said. "There's plenty of fuel. This will be over in days."
Superstorm Sandy made landfall Monday evening on a destructive and deadly path across the Northeast.
In New Jersey, Gov. Chris Christie on Friday ordered gas rationing in 12 counties to begin on Saturday under an "odd-even" system in which motorists with license plates ending in odd numbers would be able to buy gas on odd-numbered days.
Christie said Saturday that he hoped the restrictions would only last "a few days."
This article includes reporting by NBC News' John Schoen, Reuters and The Associated Press.
More content from NBCNews.com:
- Manhattan electricity nearly restored, other areas still dark
- Sandy death toll in US rises to 109
- Near-freezing cold, potential nor'easter add to misery
- NYC Marathon canceled
- New York Harbor reopens to offer fuel supply
- How to avoid post-storm insurance and repair scams
- Your Sandy photos: Show us the heroes in your life
- Sandy's aftermath: How you can help
- Full NBC News coverage of Sandy aftermath | <urn:uuid:937c6311-a6c4-4a31-925d-e68e1b3caf63> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://usnews.nbcnews.com/_news/2012/11/03/14903615-couple-more-days-for-fuel-shortage-bloomberg-says-free-gas-offer-triggers-rush?lite&google_editors_picks=true | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368705195219/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516115315-00008-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.968532 | 1,163 | 1.65625 | 2 |
Medieval Battering Ram
Battering rams are one of the oldest types of siege engines, having been in use since ancient times. The purpose of the battering ram was to smash, repeatedly, into the enemyʼs fortifications allowing the besiegers to directly attack the enemy once the wall or gate had been broken through. Some rams were as simple as several men and a log. Others were more sophisticated, like this model, having a massive ram suspended from a structure, with wheels for mobility.
The finished model is 12 inches long, 8 inches tall and 6 inches wide, a perfect size to fit on your desk beside your handy trebuchet, ready to besiege your office co-workers at a moment's notice in the event that any negotiations don't go favorably.
This is one of our most highly detailed models. The shields and wheels have been computer carved for accurate and delicate features that would otherwise be extremely difficult and time consuming to achieve. The stepped appearance of the rams-head simulates a layering of iron plates, which could have been used in ancient times for strength and weight.
The rams-head focuses the entire mass of its initial impact to a point, shattering any wooden beams and piercing any metal sheeting, then the head flares out to push the debris away and widen the opening. The overall machine can then be wheeled back and rolled into another point, to repeat the process across a wall, gates, or portcullis as many times as necessary.
This model will make a fine addition to anyone's home museum or bookcase display of ancient technologies. | <urn:uuid:4702e5b0-938d-4afb-bb1a-3c133c84e847> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.rlt.com/12141 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368704713110/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516114513-00027-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.963133 | 330 | 3.6875 | 4 |
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May 12, 2011 6:57 pm
Security analysts have warned that Facebook’s latest security developments against spam e-mail and online fraud may have mixed results in terms of effectiveness and the quality of the user experience.
The social network on Thursday announced a new partnership with Finnish company, Web of Trust, which collects user reviews of suspicious websites and gives them a safety rating. Once a user clicks on a questionable link, Web of Trust’s software will warn them of any risk and give them the option of ignoring the warning or avoiding the site.
As part of the latest security development, Facebook will fold Web of Trust’s bank of about 31m rated websites into its own database of suspicious sites.
“In the coming months, we expect to massively increase our coverage even more by working with other industry leaders,” Facebook wrote in a blog post.
Analysts say the partnership is a good first step, but offering the Web of Trust rating service to Facebook’s 500m users could make it a target for scammers looking to exploit the system.
“As soon as the site is open enough so everyone can contribute, it’s open enough so criminals can manipulate it,” said Chester Wisniewski, a security adviser with Sophos, a computer security firm. “If you’re a criminal and you want to get your link on Facebook, you pretend to be 10m computers and start entering ratings in Web of Trust saying that you’re awesome.”
Spammers are notorious for adapting quickly to new protections. While the rating system will filter out many harmful sites, analysts say, sophisticated spammers will simply alter the malicious URL to circumscribe security.
“We’ll see scammers run through a thousand different domain names in an hour,” Mr Wisniewski said.
For users whose passwords may have been stolen by a scammer, Facebook also implemented on Thursday a new opt-in two-step login process similar to online banking verifications. The process will ask users to enter their usual password, plus a special one-time code sent to their mobile phone when logging in from an unrecognised computer.
Ray Valdes, an analyst with Gartner, a technology research firm, said both the double verification and the social rating systems were worthwhile steps similar to what other leading sites like Google and Yahoo were doing, they wouldn’t have a significant impact on certain scams recently circulating on Facebook.
“There will continue to be new attempts to exploit vulnerabilities as part of this ongoing cat-and-mouse game,” he said.
Copyright The Financial Times Limited 2013. You may share using our article tools.
Please don't cut articles from FT.com and redistribute by email or post to the web. | <urn:uuid:75a7ddd2-99e9-4da3-ac1c-02ff9a880ee8> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.ft.com/cms/s/2/4f5ced58-7cbe-11e0-994d-00144feabdc0.html?ftcamp=rss | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368699273641/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516101433-00045-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.918607 | 626 | 1.84375 | 2 |
May 30, 2011
As the weather warms up and the sun comes out, don't forget to protect your skin. Skin cancer is the most prevalent form of cancer in the U.S. today, killing roughly one American every hour, according to the National Council on Skin Cancer Prevention. Moreover, the American Cancer Society estimates that over 68,000 cases of malignant melanoma, the most dangerous form of skin cancer, will be diagnosed in the United States in 2011 alone, along with 2 million cases of the less severe basal cell and squamous cell carcinomas.
The good news is that skin cancer is highly preventable and curable if found early enough. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reports that between 65-90 percent of melanomas are due to exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light, which comes from the sun, tanning beds and sun lamps. There are three main types of UV rays, which vary in absorption and severity.
The most common type, UVA rays, penetrate deep into the skin and damage connective tissue. UVB rays, though they are less common and penetrate less deeply, are still damaging. UVC rays are the most harmful. They are absorbed by the ozone layer and thus do not usually reach the ground. When one's skin is exposed to too many of these harmful UV rays, it can prematurely age as well as be permanently damaged. Eye conditions, including cataracts, are also linked with UV rays.
While fair- or light-skinned individuals have a higher risk for UV damage, individuals of all races and ethnicities can get skin cancer. Other risk factors for skin cancer include having a family history of skin cancer or other skin diseases, a higher exposure to chemicals or radiation, many moles or freckles, a history of skin cancer, severe sunburns, or other long-term skin problems, older age, or being male.
Steps you can take to prevent skin cancer include:
- Avoid midday exposure: The sun is strongest between the hours of 10 a.m. and 4 p.m. (daylight savings time). Try to reduce your sun exposure during these hours by seeking shade.
- Do not go to tanning beds: Tanning salons expose individuals to as much as 15 times the UV radiation of the sun, according to a 2010 study in the journal Pigment Cell & Melanoma Research, and greatly increase the risk for melanomas of the skin.
- Wear hats and other protective clothing: Long pants, long shirts and wide-brimmed hats greatly decrease your exposure to UV radiation. Tight-woven clothing offers the best coverage and make sure a hat covers your face, neck and ears.
- Use sunscreen: Generously apply waterproof sunscreen 30 minutes before sun exposure using a Sun Protection Factor (SPF) greater than 15. As SPF indicates protection against only UVB rays, be sure to choose wide-spectrum sunscreens that block the more harmful UVA rays as well. Reapply every 2 hours, even on cloudy days, and also after sweating or swimming.
- Plan around the sun: The National Weather Service and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) have created the UV Index, a daily measurement that forecasts UV radiation on a scale of 1-15. The index, based on cloud cover and other local conditions, helps inform individuals about their risk of overexposure when outdoors. Find out the UV index for your city at: http://www.epa.gov/sunwise/uvindex.html.
- Wear sunglasses: Choose sunglasses that provide close to 100 percent UVA and UVB protection, as they can reduce the risk for cataracts.
- Be cautious around sand, snow, concrete and water: According to the EPA, these bright surfaces reflect UV and can double UV exposure.
For more information, visit http://www.cdc.gov/cancer/skin, http://www.skincancerprevention.org, and http://www.ewg.org/2010sunscreen/top-sunscreen-tips/.Every Monday, the Johns Hopkins Healthy Monday Project, part of the Johns Hopkins Center for a Livable Future, offers tips for preventing disease and injury, and maintaining a healthy lifestyle. Check back each week for new tips or visit our archive. | <urn:uuid:a5ab2754-c3f9-4518-944a-227c7803bda6> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.jhsph.edu/news/stories/2011/healthy-monday-2011/05302011_melanoma.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368710006682/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516131326-00023-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.923451 | 885 | 3.390625 | 3 |
The approach of Reserve Bank of India (RBI) to use ‘interest rate’ as a tool to keep inflation under control should be reviewed because interest has not only helped regulating liquidity, but has considerably accumulated Time Deposits and Broad Money in proportion to Gross Domestic Products (GDP) during the last 59 years which ultimately cost for sheer loss in money value. The coins of 1 to 20 paise and notes of 1 and 2 rupee are out of circulation in the market. Today a 5-rupee coin is used for a purchase which was possible for 50 paise earlier (say in 1970s). So, in 2010s we may need to use a coin of 50 rupees to get a product we had been purchasing for 50 paise in 1970s. How long we will keep minting coins of high denomination to counter the inflation and loss in money value? A day will come when people will not keep hundred rupee notes in their purses and we have to mint currencies in denominations of millions only.
Since inflation is blamed for loss in purchasing power of money it is important to understand how inflation deteriorates the purchasing power of money? Inflation is simply meant for increase in prices of goods and services without any improvement in their quality. Prices of goods and services increase either due to increased money supply without any addition in stocks of goods and services; or due to short of supply (goods and services) as compared to demand. In both cases, the buyers intend to pay more for same grade of goods and services, thus money loses its purchasing power.
Since money is not a sellable commodity but a source to measure prices of all goods and services, it is easy to find inflation rate but difficult to measure fall in money value. Though money is considered to be capital, there is no system of calculating depreciation of money like other capitals. Considering the fact that the purchasing power of money deteriorates if proportion of total money stock with that of GDP increases, we can measure the decline in money value if we calculate the difference in proportion of money to that of GDP at market prices. Thus we may say that money value in India has fallen by 3.17 points (from 3.29 points in 1950-51 to 0.12 points in 2008-09) in 59 years.
RBI failed to protect the money value. The broad money as percentage to GDP at market prices has increased multifold (from 23.32% in year 1950-51 to 89.52% in 2008-09). This increase in broad money in proportion to GDP is due to increase in share of time deposits in Broad Money from 14.07% in 1950-51 to 73.69% in 2008-09. Considerably, almost half (47%) of Time deposits (Rs. 35,10,385 Crores) in 2008-09 is equal to total paid interest (Rs. 16,48,822 Crores) over time deposits during 1950-51 to 2008-09. Once interest is accrued into time deposit, it cannot be separated from broad money which ultimately increases. People hold and spend more money to buy same goods and services if GDP increases lesser than the ratio interest is accrued into the monetary system. It leads to sheer devaluation of money.
While it is argued that interest compensates the loss in money value due to inflation; it is prudent that interest further inflates the economy by deteriorating the money value instead of compensating loss in money value. Considering the minimum rate of interest payable in different years, at least Rs. 16,48,822 crores was paid as interest over Time Deposits during 1950-51 to 2008-09. This amounts about half (47%) of outstanding Total Time Deposits in 2008-09. Similarly the interest received against bank credits during this period was Rs. 18,43,154 which is 38.69% of Broad money in 2008-09. The total interest paid on Time Deposits and interest received against Bank Credits is about 73.30% of Broad Money in 2008-09. Since accrued interest on deposits increases the stock of money in the economy, the broad money in proportion to GDP increases and the difference in GDP and Broad money as percentage to broad money declines. It leads to cause inflation and fall in purchasing power of money.
The percentage share of interest over time deposits to GDP has increased from 0.20% in 1950-51 to 5.00% in 2008-09. Only interest on time deposits has increased the market prices by 5% in 2008-09, whose impact was negligible in 1950-51. The total interest as percentage to GDP has increased from 0.58% to 10.75%. Similarly Total interest as percentage to broad money has increased from 2.47% in 1950-51 to 12.64% in 2008-09. Monetary policy to regulate money supply should be based on estimates of national income and expenditure. It is required that the RBI should regulate money supply according to growth in national income and expenditure instead of wish to keep inflation at desired rate and to achieve targeted saving and credit growth rates. Since major inflationary factors are disbursement of interest over deposits, rigid policies to regulate supply of commodities, fiscal deficits and debt finances we need sound monetary policy considering all these aspects while regulating money supply. Otherwise the actual rate of inflation may vary from the estimated rate of inflation based on projecting the growth in price indices in wholesale and retail markets.
While the rigid supply policies of agricultural produces create shortage of supply in the market, interest on deposits increases the supply of money, empowering the purchasing powers of potential buyers and ultimately increasing the price levels. Interest inflates the economy by two ways. Interest over credits is charged before the output is sold in the market, so the cost of credit increases the price of the output. On the other hand, since depositors get interest over deposits irrespective of sale of produced goods and services in the market, it inflates the price levels with empowered purchasing powers of potential buyers. So interest has both demand and supply side effect on inflation.
RBI can’t protect the economy from inflation as it failed to protect the value of currency minted by her? RBI can’t regulate supply policy of essential goods which is creating shortage of essential items in the market, thus inflating their prices. RBI is supposed to just regulate the banks according to the Banking Regulation Act 1949, which compels the banks to give interest on deposits and charge interest over credits. Since 1951 the value of interest money in India is more than 73.30% of Broad Money in 2008-09. Just to induce bank deposits or arranging debt finance, we are inviting inflation and losing the purchasing power of money. If no bank will offer interest on deposits, would all customers withdraw their deposits? Don’t people feel safety of funds in banks? Is interest only means to induce depositors? There had been a time when there were hardly any avenues for non-debt investments, but now after globalisation and liberalisation there are many other alternatives to induce potential depositors. Growing business of equity based investments may induce the banks to start small level equity based banking to finance small enterprises working in agriculture and industry sector.
If we want anti-inflationary economic growth, besides adopting a banking mechanism where money can’t be accumulated unless the existing money stock acts to add value in output of goods and services, we have to review and change the regulatory policies on supply of essential commodities. All public finances should be made through either revenue receipts or by equity finances. Then we would be able to avert inflation, otherwise money will lose its purchasing power. RBI should not be just conscious about stability in the rate of inflation by adjusting the interest rate, but should aim to protect the money value by restricting the growth of money within GDP growth rate.
To get anti-inflationary monetary system we may need to amend our Banking Regulation Act 1949 and stop making debt financing. RBI can’t allow interest-free banking unless the Banking Regulation Act 1949 gets amended by the Parliament. Hope RBI will suggest the government that inflation is caused due to strict supply policies and interest based banking, and it can’t be restored through interest itself, therefore the Government besides relaxing regulatory policy on essential commodities should amend the Banking Regulation Act 1949 to permit interest-free (equity based) or participatory banking in India and issue non-debt securities to meet deficit finance. It is just possible to do equity business of smaller level through banks and market equity based securities and corporate bonds through stock markets so that both the markets have their own set of clientele. Had India made the required changes earlier; we would have saved our economy from inflation and sheer loss in purchasing power of money. | <urn:uuid:71d63a4e-77b6-45b5-a342-b5400e151b46> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.radianceweekly.com/180/4495/imposing-maha-rashtra-language-brazen-display-of-sub-nationalism-or-super-nationalism/2009-11-22/inflation/story-detail/interest-inflation-and-money-value.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368704132298/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516113532-00004-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.957633 | 1,775 | 3.671875 | 4 |
eWhiteboard for the iPhone assists you in creating an electronic whiteboard that will enable you to interact and draw a projector screen.
This iPhone app works with any Mac or PC coupled with a projector and an LED flashlight that will track and move the mouse on the screen. The LED light will also allow users to control and switch the slides remotely.
It’s the same idea as drawing on a whiteboard with a marker, however by using this method the user is temporarily creating doodles and notes on the screen and it’s all done with the use of a LED keychain flashlight.
How it works: After downloading the desktop utility available for Mac and Windows, the iPhone app will discover the desktop as a host over a WiFi network but it does alternatively enable you to enter your host’s (desktop) IP and port number. By connecting to the correct host (after setting up the projector) , the eWhiteboard app will prompt you to calibrate the screen using the iPhone’s camera.
This 4 point calibration process requires users to point the LED flashlight at the center of each point and will also help you to adjust the settings based on the lighting conditions of the room. By doing this, you’re basically telling the eWhiteboard how the screen is positioned.
If the calibration was a success the projection of the slides on the screen or wall can be altered by simply using your LED flashlight as a drawing tool. As depicted in the video below, eWhiteboard works with applications such as Paint and works just like a physical whiteboard.
Unfortunately we don’t have a projector on hand to try it out but we’ve posted a video of the eWhiteboard in action. eWhiteboard is another example of an innovative application capable of complimenting your presentations. The app is available for $9.99 and is compatible with the iPhone 3Gs and higher. | <urn:uuid:a26c98d3-b7f2-47b5-a3b6-c28f21be34c0> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://thenextweb.com/apps/2011/04/06/ewhiteboard-an-app-to-create-interactive-electronic-whiteboards/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368705559639/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516115919-00072-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.920923 | 391 | 1.789063 | 2 |
There are many differences between interpretations of William Sh
akespeare's MacBeth. This essay wall contrast Shakespeare's original version and a movie version by
Roman Polanski produced in 1970. Three major differences will be discussed.
One difference between
Shakespeare's and Polanski's version is the absence of the scene in England in Polanski's version.
In the Original MacBeth, MacDuff goes to England to convince Malcolm to return and fight MacBeth.
The scene of the longest of the play; it is very drawn out and lengthy. Polanski simply eliminates
this scene and shows Malcolm back in Scotland. The reason I feel that Polanski did this is that the
scene detracts from the continuity and action of the play. The play is equally effective without t
he scene, and more streamlined.
Another difference between the original and Polanski's version is th
e scene where MacBeth kills the king, Duncan. In the original, Shakespeare was not allowed to show
the death of a divine right ruler, so he showed MacBeth coming out of the king's bedchamber after he
had committed the murder. For Polanski's version, however, he had no such limitation, and could sh
ow anything that he chose, so he showed the actual murder of Duncan, where Duncan wakes up, and MacB
eth cuts his throat after stabbing him. The reason that Polanski inserted this scene was to show ho
w cold-blooded MacBeth was, and that he would do anything to achieve his goal of becoming king.
ird difference is the use of the letter that MacBeth writes to his wife describing how he has become
Thane of Cawdor and the witches' three predictions. In the original, the letter was read by Lady M
acBeth, and then not mentioned again. In Polanski's version, Lady MacBeth takes out the letter afte
r everything with her and her husband's plan has gone wrong, reads it, and then kills herself. The
reason that Polanski did this is that the letter is a useful device to cause... [continues]
Cite This Essay
(2010, 10). Macbeth. StudyMode.com. Retrieved 10, 2010, from http://www.studymode.com/essays/Macbeth-455090.html
"Macbeth" StudyMode.com. 10 2010. 10 2010 <http://www.studymode.com/essays/Macbeth-455090.html>.
"Macbeth." StudyMode.com. 10, 2010. Accessed 10, 2010. http://www.studymode.com/essays/Macbeth-455090.html. | <urn:uuid:9e36e242-e960-4909-986d-0aeb0bbaa3b1> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.studymode.com/essays/Macbeth-455090.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368702810651/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516111330-00070-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.932967 | 573 | 2.828125 | 3 |
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any of several aromatic herbs of the genus Sium, especially S. latifolium, belonging to the parsley family (Apiaceae), distributed throughout the Northern Hemisphere and Africa. They grow in moist areas, and some species are even partially submerged. All are perennial herbs with divided leaves and clusters of white flowers. S. sisarum, known as skirret, is cultivated for...
What made you want to look up "Sium latifolium"? Please share what surprised you most... | <urn:uuid:3b21b3a9-37fc-41ce-982e-15e473557f01> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/546887/Sium-latifolium | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368709037764/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516125717-00028-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.919841 | 141 | 2.59375 | 3 |
The hardy banana (Musa basjoo) is a different species than the tropical bananas we're used to (Musa x paradisiaca). It still needs some extra care in our climate; hardy bananas have survived zero-degree weather without mulch in Vancouver, British Columbia, but at minus 3 degrees they would have died. Heavily mulched specimens in Ottawa and in Massachusetts have lived through minus 20 degrees.
Though a perennial herb, the hardy banana can grow nearly 20 feet high, with trunks up to 12 inches wide. Leaves grow to 2 feet across and as long as 6 feet, forming a broad, bushy, umbrella-like crown.
Hardy bananas will thrive, if well fed and watered, on a well-drained site in full sun. Shelter plants from wind to avoid breakage and tattering of the leaves.
Deeply dig a site on a well-amended 4- to 5-foot square raised bed to help provide good drainage and room for the multiple trunks (pups) that will develop over the next few years.
Hardened-off hardy bananas can be transplanted from the nursery pot into the ground as early as the end of May or early June.
Bananas settle in quickly. After 30 days, one-gallon-size plants can begin receiving 1 teaspoon ammonium sulfate scattered around their base every two weeks and scratched in. Large, established plants need several large handfuls of ammonium sulfate sprinkled about 8 inches out from the crown every two weeks. Keep fertilizer off the leaves and crown to prevent burning them.
Irrigate bananas heavily -- at least an inch per week -- and apply a thick mulch to conserve water.
At least 35 leaves are needed to bear fruit and flower -- usually three to four years from 1-gallon-size plants.
Growth usually stops by mid-November and starts by mid-February.
The first hard frost will kill the leaves. Remove them. Cut the trunk to about 24 inches with a pruning saw. In spring, the growing tip inside the trunk will begin to grow. Cover the base and cut end of the plant with the dead leaves. Colder areas need a mulch at least 24 inches deep.
Remove any mulch in the spring after growth starts. Dead plant parts can be chipped and used as a soil amendment. If it gets unusually cold, wrap trunks with fiberglass insulation and cover with plastic to prevent freezing. Flowering can start at any time but must start by April if fruit and flowers are to mature.
Offshoots can be left in place to form a broad clump. Or they can be safely transplanted after they are 2 feet high or more, during late May, June or July. Only the newest leaves will survive.
In the landscape:
Good companion plants are cannas, clumping bamboos, hardy gingers, hardy palms and Japanese aralia (Fatsia japonica).
Hardy banana sap can stain clothes, concrete and wood decks. The stain wears off concrete in a few weeks.
-- Vern Nelson
If you want to automatically receive a daily homes and gardens tip, sign up here. | <urn:uuid:4c8a6a00-3e4c-4621-83c0-c6331adf2d30> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://blog.oregonlive.com/homesandgardens/2009/06/hardy_banana_1.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368706499548/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516121459-00067-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.943105 | 663 | 3.390625 | 3 |
Biological sex, that is. The kind that operates within your body, affecting everything from blood pressure, to hormone production, to sleep.
We like to say that it doesn’t matter, that we’re all equal – until it does.
A recent Wall Street Journal article was just another reminder that sex, indeed, does matter.
Men are From Mars; Women are from Venus
Humans have long been grappling with sex and its sibling, gender. We’ve argued back and forth about what differences there were between the two, and how that translated into social roles, work roles, cognitive abilities, physical abilities, communication skills, and who makes a better parent.
It’s possible that our long tortured history with this question has also spooked us a bit. Just like race, biological sex was long used as justification why someone couldn’t do something. Bringing it into the conversation, understandably, raises a number of red flags.
But to completely ignore it – to say that it has little or no effect on biological functions like sleep – is missing the point. In fact, bringing sex into the equation might be a good thing.
Sex is the new X Factor
In many different fields, it’s becoming clear that sex and sex differences are playing a greater role in research. More and more scientists are looking at how sex differences affect the brain, cells, organs – even how the body handles certain types of drugs, foods, and pharmaceuticals.
Such actions appear to be influencing sleep researchers, who are now asking questions like:
- Do men and women use sleep differently in memory processing? If so, what does this mean for learning abilities – and our testing methods?
- Do men and women experience similar events – like insomnia- differently? If so, where within the body do those differences play out?
- Do men and women have circadian rhythms of different lengths? If so, what does it mean for bedtime routine?
We at Zeo are doing our part to help, diving deeper into our DOZER database and looking how how sleep stacks up among men and women. For instance, we presented a poster at this year’s APSS conference on how sleep phases change based on age and gender. (Download Full Poster).
It’s a also study we couldn’t have done without your help. Just to get a fraction of this information across different ages and sexes would have taken tremendous effort on any researcher’s part. So don’t thank us – thank yourself every time you upload data. Your efforts are paying off, big time.
In short, the more all of us do and share research like this, the better we will all be at tackling the sex question. Just like age revealed itself to be a key component in understanding sleep, sex is poised to do the same.
So, what will you get? A poster is nice – but a little something more in exchange for sleep data would be better.
How about more sleep tips, strategies, and information tailored to you? Not just to your age and occupation, but also to your sex. Information that take into account sex related issues like hormonal changes and hot flashes – not just that they happen, but how they play out and what you can do about it.
Sounds pretty good to me – but why don’t you weigh in below? It is, after all, your data.
Tell us what you’d like to see done with this information here in the comments or on our forum. We’re all ears.
- Age and Sex affect Sleep Quality and Quantity
- Why Sleep Science Doesn’t Know Everything – and What You Can Do About It
- Sleep Architecture the Third: Back to the Sleep Cycles
- Why REM could stand for “Remembering Everyday Memories”
- Behind the Headband: Your Internal Symphony | <urn:uuid:63077202-bf5c-407d-beaa-4ec2725f64be> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://blog.myzeo.com/lets-talk-about-sex/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368699273641/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516101433-00004-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.934893 | 803 | 3.1875 | 3 |
President Hugo Chavez won one of the closest races of his career, clinching a third and likely final term that will define his transformative legacy at home in Venezuela and mark a fading farewell to his once-sweeping efforts to reshape policy across Latin America.
With 90% of ballots counted, Chavez was leading with 54% of the vote, while his youthful challenger Henrique Capriles Radonski had 45%. Turnout of 81% was one of the highest in Venezuelan history, according to National Electoral Council Director Tibisay Lucena. Some polls stayed open hours after their official 6 pm close to accomodate long lines of newly energized voters.
Analysts were divided as to whether the next six years would bring a moderation or radicalization of Chavez’s so-called Bolivarian Revolution and vision of “21st century socialism,” as he either seeks to deepen the economic policy changes that he has implemented, or to broaden his base by moderating them.
Oil-rich Venezuela has always faced the crucial question of how to distribute its oil wealth, and Chavez has pioneered his own approach. With crude prices up five-fold since he took office, he boosted spending on programs for the poor, increasing access to neighborhood schools and doctors and literally handing out houses—in the process winning intense loyalty from low-income voters who’d never before played a central role in the national narrative.
Chavez has also used oil income to nationalize telecom, electricity, steel and agriculture assets— not to mention key parts of the oil industry itself, which is responsible for 30% of GDP, 50% of the federal budget, and 94% of exports, according to OPEC, of which Venezuela is a founding member. Price, currency and capital controls have further constrained private-sector growth, while years of Chavez’s hours-long, story-filled, anti-capitalist tirades have deterred investment.
While those policies have reshaped Venezuela, Chavez’s grand plan for remaking Latin American politics in his mold has largely stalled since 2006, the year that allies won office in Argentina, Bolivia, Ecuador and Nicaragua, and Chavez was himself last reelected by more than 25 percentage points. He crisscrossed the continent distributing cash and promises to build a regional bank, trade bloc and gas pipeline to counterbalance the influence of the US; but many of those projects have never been realized, and much of the region has shifted to see Brazil’s social democracy as a more pragmatic model for the “New Left.”
Questions about Chavez’s health lingered throughout the three-month campaign, after he disappeared to Cuba last year for a series of largely unexplained cancer treatments. Despite insisting that he has recovered, Chavez slashed his usually frenetic pace in recent weeks, appearing in public much less often even as rival Capriles barnstormed the country in a deluge of daily speeches and caravans.
Capriles, a 40-year-old lawyer, former mayor and governor of Venezuela’s second-biggest state, succeeded in uniting a long-fragmented opposition, railing against crime and economic mismanagement under Chavez. Pollsters say that crime is a top Venezuelan concern, with soaring murder rates now among the world’s highest, according to the UN. Yet in a bid to win frustrated Chavez-backers, Capriles avoided some of the vitriolic discourse that has been common in his polarized country and promised to continue Chavez’s most popular social programs.
In his platform, Capriles also vowed to keep state-oil company PDVSA in public hands, while exploring new public-private ventures in hopes of doubling oil output in coming years. Chavez, who pushed out private partners including Exxon Mobil and ConocoPhillips in 2007, had set a similar goal—although bond markets trusted Capriles more, with yields on PDVSA and Venezuelan sovereign debt falling in recent months as investors bet on his rising candidacy. Despite hosting the world’s second-largest oil reserves, sagging infrastructure and hard-to-reach heavy crude means that Venezuela is just the world’s 13th-biggest producer.
With Chavez’s reelection, analysts predicted that Venezuela’s economy would continue to groan under the pressure of his oil-fueled spending and private-sector restrictions. At 18%, inflation is officially the hemisphere’s highest, and the fixed currency has been overvalued for years, stifling industry. That mismanagement will only further pigeon-hole the country, as markets “continue to look at Venezuela as a gradually deteriorating macro story and trade it increasingly as an oil play,” Goldman Sachs’ Latin America research head Alberto Ramos wrote in a note published just after the vote.
Yet despite his win, Chavez’s narrowing margin leaves the opposition in its strongest position in years heading into gubernatorial elections in December. That may push Chavez to reassess the method, if not the manner, of change that he wants to next pursue. He seemed, at least for a moment, to concede that point as he spoke to the crowd of thousands that gathered outside the presidential palace for an hour-long victory speech around midnight. “Venezuela will continue toward democratic socialism of the 21 century,” he said, adding the word “democratic” to his traditional line. ”I will try every day to be a better president than I have been.” | <urn:uuid:38e39971-7a30-43a1-8ab8-5a000414678b> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://qz.com/12881/venezuelas-chavez-wins-54-of-vote-and-time-to-define-his-legacy/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368709037764/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516125717-00002-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.968323 | 1,124 | 1.9375 | 2 |
from Canada to northeastern Argentina
Each autumn they travel around 4,500 kilometers
Reproductive monarchs live only 5 weeks
8.9–10.2 centimetres (3½–4 in)
Every autumn, millions of specimens, several generations removed from the previous year's migrants, fly south and westward from southern Canada and the United States.
A fraction of these butterflies will overwinter along the coast of California, but the vast majority will come to rest at nine or ten principal sites in the Mexican states of Michoacan and Mexico. In addition to the dangers they face from severe weather, desiccation, and predators, the overwintering monarchs must compete with humans for use of the montane fir forests which both need in order to survive.
Why do Monarchs Migrate?
Like several species of birds, bats, and whales, the Monarch butterfly of Canada and the United States migrates to places where climate is
less extreme. Winters are too cold in places where butterflies reproduce; Monarchs would not be able to withstand either heavy snowfall or the absence of plants that larval caterpillars eat. Therefore, Monarchs head south each fall, where they stand a better chance of survival as well as a chance to “return” to reproductive areas in North America and give rise to future generations of reproductive adults that can complete the annual cycle.
Why are they threatened?
The aromatic oyamel fir forest provides monarchs with the cool temperatures they need to maintain reproductive diapause, shelter from excessive cold, and an important measure of protection from predators. The balance of these factors is so critical that even moderate thinning of trees significantly raises butterfly mortality. But the fir forests also provide the villagers of Michoacan with fuel, housing materials, and income derived from selling logs to local sawmills and fibreboard factories. By the winter of 1975/76, when the butterflies were first discovered by outside observers, chain saws and logging trucks were moving into the colonies themselves, felling trees covered with monarchs.
What is WWF doing?
A major milestone in this effort has been the coordination of international experts on the biology and ecology of the monarch in 1998-2000 to improve the design of the Monarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve. WWF also helped create the Monarch Butterfly Conservation Fund to develop economic incentives that will encourage local communities to conserve the core zones of the Reserve.
These strategies have been successful and have created good models to follow. They nevertheless need complementary efforts to strengthen and reinforce their impact.
To this end, WWF has chosen seven critical actions to strengthen monarch conservation efforts:
- Organization of the Monarch Forum
- Delivery of Economic Incentives by the Monarch Fund
- Promoting Conservation and Enforcement of Laws
- Promotion of Sustainable Tourism
- Diffusion lf Knowledge Base for Protected Areas Management
- Restoration of Forest Habitat
- Building Capacity and an Environmental Culture
How you can help
- Do not bother the butterflies resting in the trees.
- Keep at a distance of 50 meters from the trees filled with butterflies, and do not make noise.
- Do not throw trash and avoid harming the forest plants.
- To help prevent erosion and protect the forest floor, stay on designated paths.
- If you see someone bothering the butterflies or destroying anything within the sanctuaries, report it to one of the guides, to tourist authorities, or if necessary, to the appropiate authorities of the ejido.
- If you encounter tour guides or other tourist service providers not carrying out their work responsibly, please report them to the authorities.
- As you travel through the Monarchs’ region, or if you live within it, be sure to report incidents of illegal logging or any kind of threat to species within the forests. You can contact the Federal Attorney’s Office of Environmental Protection (PROFEPA), as well as the Directorate of the Monarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve. | <urn:uuid:4f26b324-0147-495f-99d5-95ec323a5ba5> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://wwf.panda.org/about_our_earth/species/profiles/insects/monarch_butterfly/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368705559639/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516115919-00005-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.911484 | 807 | 4.28125 | 4 |
- El Regio is a term for the area around Monterrey, which is where the owner's from. El Regio means 'the regal one' in Spanish. El Regio is also a term synonymous with the pollo asado. Grilled marinated chicken is all this little drive-through shack specializes in, and people would drive across town for it were they not to have multiple outlets. The pollo asado is served with beans, tortillas, onions (sweet and grilled) and a tomato/green avocado salsa. There are several other locations throughout the Austin area.
- © wcities.com 2013 | <urn:uuid:551717d3-5692-4b10-bf11-31bd0f7b98a2> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.nileguide.com/destination/austin/restaurants/regio-el/535405 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368702448584/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516110728-00002-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.966764 | 129 | 1.523438 | 2 |
|Psalms 98: 1 - 6
||O sing to the LORD a new song, for he has done marvelous things! His right hand and his holy arm have gotten him victory.
||The LORD has made known his victory, he has revealed his vindication in the sight of the nations.
||He has remembered his steadfast love and faithfulness to the house of Israel. All the ends of the earth have seen the victory of our God.
||Make a joyful noise to the LORD, all the earth; break forth into joyous song and sing praises!
||Sing praises to the LORD with the lyre, with the lyre and the sound of melody!
||With trumpets and the sound of the horn make a joyful noise before the King, the LORD! | <urn:uuid:0277218d-d288-49aa-8bde-ec268a0de1f1> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.ewtn.com/vbible/search.asp?abbr=Ps&ch=98&bv1=1&ev1=6 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368696382584/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516092622-00068-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.961941 | 161 | 1.765625 | 2 |
NEW YORK -- The Senate is poised to consider updated legislation stepping up sanctions on Iran on Thursday, and due to persistence from Sen. Rand Paul (R-Ky.), the bill will contain a provision making sure the measure is not used as an excuse to go to war with Iran or Syria.
According to a Senate Democratic leadership aide, Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid (D-Nev.) will ask for unanimous consent on Thursday to pass an updated version of the Johnson-Shelby Iran Sanctions, Accountability and Human Rights Act of 2012. The measure would go after Iran's mining, energy and shipping sectors and penalize U.S. parent companies for the Iran-related activities of their foreign subsidiaries.
The bill easily passed out of the Senate Banking Committee, but in March, when Reid tried to bring it up for unanimous consent, Paul blocked it in an effort to insert his amendment.
Although nothing in the sanctions bill authorizes war with Iran, Paul didn't want to take any chances. His amendment would make clear that nothing in the bill "shall be construed as a declaration of war or an authorization of use of force against Iran or Syria."
According to the Senate Democratic leadership aide, the updated legislation before the chamber on Thursday will include Paul's amendment.
It will also include a provision pushed by Sen. Mark Kirk (R-Ill.) that strengthens sanctions against companies that engage in or support censorship in Iran.
In addition, the bill strengthens human rights provisions and addresses Iran’s jamming of satellite communications. It contains non-binding language recommending that sanctions be more intensely enforced and that sanctions evasion efforts by Iran be closely monitored.
Paul had been searching for support for his amendment, and as of May 9, only Sen. Jeff Merkley (D-Ore.) had signaled a possible willingness to sign on.
Sen. John McCain (R-Ariz.) told The Huffington Post that he didn't see what the hold-up was. "It doesn't bother me. I don't think it's necessary, but it's okay by me," he said of Paul's amendment.
Paul's office did not immediately return a request for comment on Reid's announcement.
Ryan Grim contributed reporting. | <urn:uuid:2948f2ec-76bc-4665-b3bd-70ca940629bf> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/05/17/rand-paul-war-iran-syria-sanctions_n_1524257.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368705953421/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516120553-00036-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.960788 | 450 | 1.570313 | 2 |
Class offered to real estate professionals
July 3, 2008 · Updated 5:16 PM
WSU/Island County Cooperative Extension, Washington State Department of Ecology and Island County Public Works are presenting a class called Coastal Geology and Bluffs on an Island that is designed for real estate professionals and property appraisers.
The instructor Jim Johannessen, M.S. is a licensed geologist and owner of Coastal Geological Services, Inc., which specializes in coastal processes analyses in the Puget Sound and Northwest Straits. The class is designed to teach realtors and appraisers about coastal and bluff processes, beach habitat, bluff management, erosion control, residential developments, stairs and more. The class is approved by the Washington State Department of Licensing for 7.5 real estate and appraiser clock hours.
Phil Bakke, Island County planning director and Jeff Tate, Island County comprehensive plan manager will talk about Island Countys permits and regulations relating to coastal site development in Island County.
The class will be held at Coupeville Recreation Hall, April 4, from 9 a.m. until 5 p.m. Cost for the class is $75 and includes lunch catered by County Deli and an afternoon bus field trip.
The class size is limited to the classes to 35 people; WSU encourages early registration.
For more information, call Gloria Wahlin at 679-7391 or e-mail email@example.com. Registration information is available at www. | <urn:uuid:ae739798-1364-4559-9c1f-70652bb4a8ff> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.whidbeynewstimes.com/business/22835009.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368706499548/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516121459-00014-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.918081 | 305 | 1.609375 | 2 |
A new survey conducted by Leger Marketing has found that while most drivers agree that distracted driving is dangerous, about 75% of drivers polled say that they allow for such distractions while driving rather than actively striving to eliminate such distractions from the car. The survey results seem to suggest that in order to reduce Florida car accidents caused by distracted driving, it’s not enough to simply let drivers know about the dangers of distracted driving: more has to be done to compel drivers to nix distractions before they get behind the wheel.
The survey further revealed that drivers have skewed notions about which distractions are most dangerous behind the wheel. About 88% of drivers polled agreed that texting on a cellphone was dangerous, but only 19% thought that adjusting an iPod or radio while driving was a problem. Another 83% of respondents said that talking on a cellphone while driving was wrong. This is despite the fact that most experts agree that any distractions to the driver can increase the risk of an accident.
According to the survey results, many drivers continue to engage in behaviors they know are dangerous and distracting. For example, 60% of drivers admitted they adjust their car’s stereo while driving while 8% admitted to texting or emailing behind the wheel. Another 15% of drivers admitted to talking on a cell phone while driving, even though most respondents agreed that the behavior was risky.
According to Allstate, 80% of car accidents can be attributed to distracted drivers. While the survey results from the Leger Marketing study suggest that more drivers are getting the message about distracted driving, it is also clear that drivers are not getting the full message. Drivers are still confused about distracted driving caused by behaviors not linked to mobile devices. As well, even though drivers know the dangers of distracted driving, many drivers continue to engage in risky behaviors. To prevent more Florida pedestrian accidents and car accidents, increased awareness and wide-spread changes to driver behavior need to be made. | <urn:uuid:d0f2d4e7-3e46-4089-b947-d6858159fa40> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.millerboycott.com/tag/involve/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368708766848/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516125246-00056-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.973374 | 389 | 2.390625 | 2 |
How do you assure that you are proposing a video system that will do everything that your customer wants, including recording clear images in all types of light, without running up the cost? Day/night cameras can be a dilemma. When do you propose them and when are they not required? What setting guarantees you get the best image clarity when using them? Are there different variations of day/night cameras on the market? What criteria do most of them meet? What else do you need to propose as complementary products when using day/night cameras? This month, we address all these questions and more as we demystify the technology.
Know the functionalities
Day/night cameras are capable of providing usable images at night by changing camera parameters to work more efficiently in low light. A basic example of day/night operation is the use of infrared (IR) LEDs within the camera housing. Although people can see only visible light, security cameras see both visible and IR light. The addition of artificial IR illumination enhances the ability of the camera to record an image without giving away the camera's presence or field of view.
As security cameras use color filters (blue, green and red) to create a color image, each filter allows IR light to pass through onto the sensor, muddying the colors. Since most lenses are designed for visible light only, most security cameras have an IR filter to block the IR light. This filter improves both the color fidelity and sharpness of the image.
Some lower cost day/night cameras (like those with IR illumination built into the camera housing) generally use software to create the best image they can, given the limitation of allowing both visible and IR illumination through the pixel color filters. At night, the algorithm changes, giving a slight improvement to dark image recording. Changes include desaturating the colors to give the viewer a black and white image.
Technology advances inside cameras have helped aid lighting needs. More sophisticated cameras-those cameras considered true day/night-can physically remove the IR filter from the light path, allowing the camera to see both visible daylight and IR light. This can make the camera 15 to 20 times more sensitive at night compared to a standard day-only camera. These cameras require day/night lenses to keep the scene in focus both day and night. Day/night lenses are generally more expensive because of the added complexity of focusing a broader color spectrum (from visible through IR) onto the sensor. However, show your customer the difference and the price will seem minimal compared to the benefits.
Defining a true day/night camera
A true day/night camera has a movable IR filter. During day performance, the IR filter is in place blocking all the IR light, creating a nice color image. In this case, the IR filter (represented in brown on the chart) will block all IR light greater than about 750 nanometers wavelength. At night, when light decreases, the IR filter is replaced with a clear glass dummy filter. The clear glass allows all available visible and IR light to reach the sensor and be recorded. Nonetheless, there can still be some dark corner images, which are caused by the IR illumination level dropping off as the camera moves farther away from the illumination. Although removing the IR filter improves the light sensitivity, it does so at the expense of color fidelity. To counteract the degraded color in night mode, the software for most day/night cameras desaturates the colors, creating a monochrome image.
How do you know when your customer needs a day/night camera? If there is enough visible light in the scene, a standard camera with IR filter can be used for night security applications. Illumination sources (referenced later in this text) may provide sufficient visible light. As a result, use of a day/night camera in night mode may not be necessary. In this case, the use of a day/night lens is optional. When there is adequate visible light at night, a non-day/night lens can be used with a standard, non-day/night camera. Just make sure that the lens can support the number of megapixels in the camera.
Pick the right lens | <urn:uuid:1ac07497-d587-41c7-8f55-418730d7791d> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.securityinfowatch.com/article/10520222/the-clear-picture | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368696381249/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516092621-00045-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.921996 | 847 | 2.375 | 2 |
05-21-2008, 05:07 PM
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If you haven't seen your betta eating, the likelihood is that it isn't eating, as they'll strike at anything floating in the water usually. Bettas are very picky eaters, you could try some live food and see if he is interested in that (such as brine shrimp, or blackworms).
The swollen stomach developing in a fish that has not been eating doesn't really sound like constipation (as you have to eat something for it to make you constipated). It sounds more like it may be a parasite. However, we'll definitely need your water parameters before jumping to *any* conclusions.
Your fish store will probably test your water for free, if you're in a rush to find out right away (that way you can order a test kit online, it will be much cheaper). Just make sure that they use a liquid test kit and they tell you the EXACT numbers, not just "it's fine", which most of them will tell you unless you press them. | <urn:uuid:b01646aa-8b33-475c-abec-95b088ff21a1> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.tropicalfishkeeping.com/tropical-fish-diseases/swolen-abdomen-14820/page2/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368706890813/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516122130-00033-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.975475 | 221 | 1.5625 | 2 |
One direct source of unbelief is the false promotion of Christianity (cf. Job 13:7). It is surely a great tragedy that many people have rejected the Christian religion as the true portrait of reality on the basis of the misconduct that so many who claim to be Christians have displayed. In fact, some who purport to be faithful Christians are nothing more than crackpots and religious wackos.
It is especially intriguing to take note of the so-called “miracle workers,” “tongue-speakers,” and “faith healers” moving about the religious world today. Where fifty to one hundred years ago, to witness their theatrical presentations, one would have to go to the “revival tent” set up outside of town, now one can see these pseudo-wonder workers on several television channels. Willing participants, whose emotional state has been carefully manipulated, swoon at the mere touch of the “healer’s” hand on their forehead or cheek. Prominent religious leaders—who have built financial empires on the funds they have methodically extracted from misguided followers through threats, pleadings, and cajoling—continue to have a heyday, supposing “godliness is a means of financial gain” (1 Timothy 6:5).
But notice that the “miracles” performed involve highly questionable diseases and illnesses—nebulous aches and pains—that defy medical substantiation. Even the professed “tongue-speaking” is highly subjective, and in no way parallels the New Testament practice of speaking known human languages without prior learning (see Miller, 2003).
Scripture presents a very different picture. Jesus went about “healing every sickness and every disease among the people” (Matthew 9:35, emp. added). He gave the apostles these same powers “to heal all manner of sickness and all manner of disease” (Matthew 10:1, emp. added). Included right along with these powers was the ability to “raise the dead” (Matthew 10:8; 11:5), restore shriveled or missing body parts (Luke 6:6-10; 22:49-51), and even give sight to a person born blind (John 9:1-7)! When was the last time one of these “faith healers” raised a dead person? Does God now place a limit on certain powers? Why will the tongue-speaker not come out in the open and convince unbelievers that their action conforms to the genuine New Testament gift—especially in light of the fact that tongue-speaking was for the purpose of convincing unbelievers (1 Corinthians 14:22)?
But then, if John knew what he was talking about, no need for miracles exists today (John 20:30-31). The Bible declares itself to be all sufficient and capable of providing man with every spiritual need (2 Timothy 3:16-17). The divine purpose for which miracles existed (i.e., to authenticate the divine origin of the spoken Word—Mark 16:20; Hebrews 2:4) has long since been served. All of which leads to this conclusion: the “wonders” being offered today are nothing more than “lying wonders” (2 Thessalonians 2:9, emp. added), i.e., counterfeit, false, and deceptive (pseudous—Arndt and Gingrich, 1957, p. 900).
Arndt, William and F.W. Gingrich (1957), A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature (Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press).
Miller, Dave (2003), “Modern-Day Miracles, Tongue-speaking, and Holy Spirit Baptism: A Refutation (Extended Version),” [On-line], URL: http://www.apologeticspress.org/articles/2569. | <urn:uuid:8e074cc8-e325-44a7-aa1f-3713b02efea2> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.apologeticspress.com/APContent.aspx?category=11&article=947&topic=78 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368703298047/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516112138-00073-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.934549 | 828 | 1.65625 | 2 |
Canada Leads USA in Real Estate Recovery
Canadian home prices in January were up 7.5% from a year earlier, according to the Teranet-National Bank National Composite House Price Index (see top chart above), which was released today. January was the fourth consecutive month in which prices increased from a year earlier, after 10 consecutive months of 12-month deflation. The turnaround is due to nine straight monthly increases in the countrywide index (see bottom chart above) that followed eight straight monthly decreases. Compared to the previous peak in August 2008, home prices in Canada have increased by 1.6%, to set a new record high level in January.
To get an idea how home prices in Canada compare to the U.S. since 2001, the chart below tells the story. Home prices in both countries increased by about 80% since 2001, but peaked much earlier in the U.S. (early 2006) than in Canada (mid-2008), and U.S. home prices fell by much more from the peak (-30%) compared to the drop in Canada (-9%). Home prices have now completely recovered in Canada, whereas it might be many years before home prices in the U.S. return to the 2006 level. | <urn:uuid:3606a517-664d-4f6a-a58e-301daf3a4d9e> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://mjperry.blogspot.com/2010/03/canada-leads-usa-in-real-estate.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368702448584/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516110728-00025-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.975817 | 250 | 1.546875 | 2 |
View Full Version : anti-alias text rendering?
08-13-2005, 05:59 PM
is there a way to anti-alias text using the "text-rendering:" or some other attribute? This text can't be transformed into an image, so I need for it to look as clean as possible.
08-13-2005, 06:14 PM
There is no css property "text-rendering:" that I know of or listed on my favorite site for css properties. 'Anti-alias' (in this context) is a vague term meaning, generally 'to remove a previously assigned name'. Could you be more specific? What properties does your text have that you want it to lose? How did it get them (show style or attributes)? When do you want it to lose them (show portion of code where you want this to happen)?
08-13-2005, 07:29 PM
'Anti-alias' (in this context) is a vague term meaning, generally 'to remove a previously assigned name'.In this context, I think the OP is referring to the process of anti-aliasing; smoothing the edges of glyphs.
To the OP: there is no way (for the moment, at least) to smooth text using CSS.
08-13-2005, 09:18 PM
That makes tremendous sense. Well, isn't text generally pretty smooth in a modern browser, depending upon font? Both Mozilla and IE on a windows platform render fonts extremely smoothly. That takes in the vast majority of visual clients you will encounter. For Mac, there are alternative font names that work well in Safari and FF on that platform. Unix and other 'nix systems are a challenge to me as I simply am not familiar with them. What OS and browser are you using?
08-14-2005, 01:19 AM
Yeah, what I meant by anti-aliasing was smoothing the font. As of now, all of our headlines, titles, etc, are in bold, 14pt arial, which is very smooth across all browsers. However, we are experimenting with "impact" font, and while it looks good, it is much too jaggy. It isn't really a huge deal if this can't easily be done, but if we can to text anti-aliasing through CSS, then that would be great.
Here is the page if you guys want to take a look at it: http://www.projectcoe.com/pc/index.html
08-15-2005, 01:03 PM
Yeah, what I meant by anti-aliasing was smoothing the font. [...] It isn't really a huge deal if this can't easily be done, but if we can to text anti-aliasing through CSS, then that would be great.As I wrote, it's not possible at the moment. Anti-aliasing might have been added to CSS 3 (I haven't checked), but most browser vendors will probably be concentrating on finishing support for CSS 2 (or 2.1) so such a feature will be of little use as it won't be implemented anywhere.
Powered by vBulletin® Version 4.2.0 Copyright © 2013 vBulletin Solutions, Inc. All rights reserved. | <urn:uuid:e3dd855b-661f-4f54-bbb8-44fa82ea5267> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.dynamicdrive.com/forums/archive/index.php/t-4374.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368706499548/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516121459-00036-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.940517 | 681 | 1.71875 | 2 |
If you believe someone has discriminated against you in any of the areas protected by law, you or your representative may contact our nearest office for assistance. Contact may be made by telephone, in person, by US mail or by email. If you contact us by US mail or email, please include your name, address, and a telephone number where you can be reached during the day. A civil rights representative will answer your questions and advise you on filing a complaint or offer you other alternatives, as appropriate, to address your concern.
To File A Complaint
If you seek to file a complaint, a civil rights representative will conduct a detailed interview to decide whether your situation meets the jurisdictional requirements defined by law. You will be asked many questions, and your ability to provide the answers will make the process much easier. Please have the following information available:
- Name and address of the employer, school, agency or public place or service about which you want to complain. Information about the total number of employees the employer has and the type of work done.
- Dates of any incidents you want to complain about that occurred within the past 180 days.
- Names of any persons who discriminated against you, if you know their names. Describe them if you do not know their names.
- Names, addresses and telephone numbers of any witnesses to incidents you want to complain about. If you do not know the names or contact information of witnesses, provide the best information you have about how they might be located.
- Copies of any work policies which you feel were unequally applied.
- Copies of any memos or disciplines you want to complain about.
- Information about any other actions you have taken regarding the cited incidents.
- Names of people, if you know of any, who did the same thing you did and were not treated the way you were. Be prepared to describe their circumstances including approximate dates, persons who treated these people differently from you, and names of persons who could verify the circumstances.
- Name and contact information for your union representative, if applicable. Name and address of union local, if applicable.
- The status of a grievance, if you have filed one.
If it is determined that your situation falls within the jurisdiction of the Michigan Department of Civil Rights, the civil rights representative will, with your help, draft a complaint. You will be asked to sign the complaint, and swear or affirm before a Notary Public that the statement in the complaint is true to the best of your knowledge or belief. You will be given a copy of the complaint and a letter explaining what will happen next, and advising you of your rights under the Elliott-Larsen and/or Persons With Disabilities Civil Rights Act, and your responsibility to keep the Michigan Department of Civil Rights informed of your whereabouts and current on matters relating to your complaint.
A Complaint Is Not A Lawsuit
The Michigan Department of Civil Rights is an administrative agency representing the interest of the state. During the investigation of a complaint, the Department represents neither the claimant nor the responding party--it represents the best interest of the people of Michigan. Therefore, neither is a complaint a lawsuit for the claimant, nor are lawyers provided during the filing or investigative process.
If You Have Questions
If you have questions about this information, you may contact the Service Center for clarification by telephone, fax or email:
Phone: (313) 456-3700
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WATS: (800) 482-3604
TTY: (877) 878-8464 | <urn:uuid:756d9a58-6cb1-43d0-a549-04a2becf830c> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.michigan.gov/mdcr/0,1607,7-138-42240_43561-153171--,00.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368711005985/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516133005-00075-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.937954 | 734 | 2.03125 | 2 |
Is human evolution finally over?
February 4, 2002 | Source: The Observer
A group of biologists believe a Western lifestyle now protects humanity from the forces that used to shape Homo sapiens — virtually everybody’s genes are making it to the next generation, not only those who are best adapted to their environments.
In addition, human populations are now being constantly mixed, again producing a blending that blocks evolutionary change.
Peter Ward, of the University of Washington, in his book, Future Evolution, argues that modern Western life protects people from the effects of evolution. “I don’t think we are going to see any changes — apart from ones we deliberately introduce ourselves, when we start to bio-engineer people, by introducing genes into their bodies, so they live longer or are stronger and healthier.”
However, other scientists believe evolutionary pressures are still operating. For example, the biologist Christopher Wills, of the University of California, San Diego, argues that ideas are now driving our evolution. “There is a premium on sharpness of mind and the ability to accumulate money. Such people tend to have more children and have a better chance of survival,” he says.
If people start to live to 150, and are capable of producing children for more than 100 of those years, the effects could be dramatic, he says. “People will start to produce dozens of children in their lifetimes, and that will certainly start to skew our evolution. These people will also have more chance to accumulate wealth as well. So we will have created a new race of fecund, productive individuals and that could have dramatic consequences.
“However, that will only come about when we directly intervene in our own evolution, using cloning and gene therapy. Without that, nothing will happen.”
News tip: darrylc | <urn:uuid:721d4135-fdf3-4784-90ef-890a4b3204e2> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.kurzweilai.net/is-human-evolution-finally-over | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368706153698/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516120913-00006-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.957403 | 377 | 2.8125 | 3 |
Insanity, craziness, or madness, is a spectrum of behaviors characterized by certain abnormal mental or behavioral patterns. Insanity may manifest in people as violations of societal norms, including becoming a danger to themselves and others, though not all such acts are considered insanity. In modern usage insanity is most commonly encountered as an informal unscientific term denoting mental instability, or in the narrow legal context of the insanity defense.
- Have I need of mad men, that ye have brought this fellow to play the mad man in my presence?
- Achish king of Gath, Bible, Samuel I, 21:15
- All schizophrenia patients are mad, and none are sane. Their behaviour is incomprehensible. It tells us nothing about what they do in the rest of their lives, gives no insight into the human condition and has no lesson for sane people except how sane they are. There's nothing profound about it. Schizophrenics aren't clever or wise or witty — they may make some very odd remarks but that's because they're mad, and there's nothing to be got out of what they say. When they laugh at things the rest of us don't think are funny, like the death of a parent, they're not being penetrating, and on other occasions they're not wryly amused at at the simplicity and stupidity of the psychiatrist, however well justified that might be in many cases. They're laughing because they're mad, too mad to be able to tell what's funny any more. The rewards for being sane may not be very many but knowing what's funny is one of them. And that's an end of the matter.
- Kingsley Amis, Stanley and the Women, p. 147.
- Love: A temporary insanity curable by marriage or by removal of the patient from the influences under which he incurred the disorder. This disease is prevalent only among civilized races living under artificial conditions; barbarous nations breathing pure air and eating simple food enjoy immunity from its ravages. It is sometimes fatal, but more frequently to the physician than to the patient.
- Insanity is relative. It depends on who has who locked in what cage.
- I'm seventeen and I'm crazy. My uncle says the two always go together. When people ask your age, he said, always say seventeen and insane.
- Insanity is repeating the same mistakes and expecting different results.
- From Narcotics Anonymous circa 1980; in print in an 1981 "approval version" of the Narcotics Anonymous "Basic Text" – see that page for details.
- This and variations on it have also been variously attributed to Benjamin Franklin, Albert Einstein, Rita Mae Brown, and an old Chinese proverb, but this is the earliest known appearance and probable origin.
- When life itself seems lunatic, who knows where madness lies? Perhaps to be too practical is madness. To surrender dreams — this may be madness. To seek treasure where there is only trash. Too much sanity may be madness — and maddest of all: to see life as it is, and not as it should be!
- Miguel de Cervantes, "Man of La Mancha".
- In women, courage is often mistaken for insanity.
- Doctor in Iron Jawed Angels.
- You are right, Mr. Bond.
That is just what I am, a maniac.
All the greatest men are maniacs.
They are possessed by a mania that drives them towards their goal.
The great scientists, the philosophers, the religious leaders — all maniacs.
- The days of visitation are come, the days of recompence are come; Israel shall know it: the prophet is a fool, the spiritual man is mad
- Hosea 9:7
- If we are all insane, then all insanity becomes a matter of degree. If your insanity leads you to carve up women like Jack the Ripper or the Cleveland Torso Murderer, we clap you away in the funny farm (except neither of those two amateur-night surgeons were ever caught, heh-heh-heh); if, on the other hand, your insanity leads you only to talk to yourself when you're under stress or to pick your nose on your morning bus, then you are left alone to go about your business...although it's doubtful that you will ever be invited to the best parties.
- Mental illness is in the eye of the beholder.
- "Prot" in "K-PAX" (1995).
- There is a thin line between genius and insanity. I have erased this line.
- Oscar Levant, as quoted in Celebrity Register : An Irreverent Compendium of American Quotable Notables (1959) by Cleveland Amory ; also paraphrased as "There is a fine line between genius and insanity. I have erased this line".
- I'm standing on the edge of some crazy cliff. What I have to do, I have to catch everybody if they start to go over the cliff— I mean if they're running and they don't look where they're going I have to come out from somewhere and catch them. That's all I'd do all day. I'd just be the catcher in the rye and all. I know it's crazy, but that's the only thing I'd really like to be. I know it's crazy.
Hoyt's New Cyclopedia Of Practical Quotations
- Quotes reported in Hoyt's New Cyclopedia Of Practical Quotations (1922), p. 396-97.
- Like men condemned to thunderbolts,
Who, ere the blow, become mere dolts.
- Samuel Butler, Hudibras, Part III (1678), Canto II, line 565.
- Much madness is divinest sense
To a discerning eye;
Much sense the starkest madness.
'Tis the majority
In this, as all, prevails
Assent, and you are sane;
Demur,—you're straightway dangerous,
And handled with a chain.
- Emily Dickinson, Poems, XI. (Ed. 1891).
- For those whom God to ruin has designed
He fits for fate, and first destroys their mind.
- John Dryden, Fables, The Hind and the Panther (1687), Part III, line 2,387.
- There is a pleasure, sure,
In being mad, which none but madmen know!
- John Dryden, Spanish Friar, Act II, Stanza 1.
- The alleged power to charm down insanity, or ferocity in beasts, is a power behind the eye.
- Ralph Waldo Emerson, Essays, Conduct of Life. Of Behaviour.
- At dæmon, homini quum struit aliquid malum,
Pervertit illi primitus mentem suam.
- But the devil when he purports any evil against man, first perverts his mind.
- Euripides, fragment 25. Barnes Ed. Attributed to Athenagorus. Also ed. pub. at Padua, 1743–53, Volume X, p. 268. The Translator. P. Carmeli, gives the Italian as: Quondo vogliono gli Dei far perire alcuno, gli tiglie la mente.
- But when Fate destines one to ruin it begins by blinding the eyes of his understanding.
- James Fraser, Short History of the Hindostan Emperors of the Moghol Race (1742), p. 57. See also story of the Christian Broker. Arabian Nights. Lane's translation. Ed. 1859, Volume I, p. 307.
- Mad as a March hare.
- James Halliwell-Phillipps, Archaic Diet, Volume II. Art. "March Hare." Heywood—Proverbs, Part II, Chapter V. Skelton—Replycacion Agaynst Certayne Yong Scolers, etc, line 35.
- Doceo insanire omnes.
- I teach that all men are mad.
- Horace, Satires, II. 3. 81.
- Nimirum insanus paucis videatur, eo quod
Maxima pars hominum morbo jactatur eodem.
- He appears mad indeed but to a few, because the majority is infected with the same disease.
- Horace, Satires, II. �. 120.
- Quisnam igitur sanus? Qui non stultus.
- Who then is sane? He who is not a fool.
- Horace, Satires, II. 3. 158.
- O major tandem parcas, insane, minori.
- Oh! thou who art greatly mad, deign to spare me who am less mad.
- Horace, Satires, II. 3. 326.
- I demens! et sævas curre per Alpes,
Ut pueris placeas et declamatio fias.
- Go, madman! rush over the wildest Alps, that you may please children and be made the subject of declamation.
- Juvenal, Satires, X, 166.
- O, hark! what mean those yells and cries?
His chain some furious madman breaks;
He comes—I see his glaring eyes;
Now, now, my dungeon grate he shakes.
Help! Help! He's gone!—O fearful woe,
Such screams to hear, such sights to see!
My brain, my brain,—I know, I know
I am not mad but soon shall be.
- Matthew Gregory Lewis ("Monk Lewis"), The Maniac.
- Id commune malum; semel insanivimus omnes.
- It is a common calamity; at some one time we have all been mad.
- Baptista Mantuanus, Eclogue I.
- My dear Sir, take any road, you can't go amiss. The whole state is one vast insane asylum.
- James L. Petigru, on being asked the way to the Charleston, South Carolina Insane Asylum (1860).
- Hei mihi, insanire me ajunt, ultro cum ipsi insaniunt.
- They call me mad, while they are all mad themselves.
- Plautus, Menæchmi, V, 2, 90.
- Nullum magnum ingenium sine mixtura dementiæ fuit.
- There has never been any great genius without a spice of madness.
- Seneca, De Animi Tranquillitate, XV. 10.
- Quid est dementius quam bilem in homines collectam in res effundere.
- What is more insane than to vent on senseless things the anger that is felt towards men?
- Seneca, De Ira, II. 26.
- Madam, I swear I use no art at all.
That he is mad, 'tis true, 'tis true 'tis pity;
And pity 'tis 'tis true.
- Though this be madness, yet there is method in 't
- It shall be so:
Madness in great ones must not unwatch'd go.
- I am not mad; I would to heaven I were!
For then, 'tis like I should forget myself.
- We are not ourselves
When nature, being oppress'd, commands the mind
To suffer with the body.
- Were such things here as we do speak about?
Or have we eaten on the insane root
That takes the reason prisoner?
- You will never run mad, niece;
No, not till a hot January.
- Fetter strong madness in a silken thread.
- Quem Jupiter vult perdere, dementat primus.
- Whom Jupiter would destroy he first drives mad.
- Sophocles, Antigone, Johnson's ed. (1758), line 632. Sophocles quotes it as a saying. The passage in Antigone is explained by Tricinius as "The gods lead to error him whom they intend to make miserable." Quoted by Athenagoras in Legat, p. 106. Oxon Ed. Found in a fragment of Æschylus preserved by Plutarch—De Audiend. Poet, p. 63. Oxon ed. See also Constantinus Manasses. Fragments, Book VIII, line 40. Ed. by Boissonade. (1819). Duport's Gnomologia Homerica, p. 282. (1660). Oracula Sibylliana, Book VIII, line 14. Leutsch and Schneidewin—Corpus Paræmiographorum Græcorum, Volume I, p. 444. Sextus Empiricus is given as the first writer to present the whole of the adage as cited by Plutarch. ("Concerning such whom God is slow to punish.") Hesiod—Scutum Herculis. V. 89. Note by Robinson gives it to Plato. See also Stobæus—Germ, II. de Malitia.
- Insanus omnis furere credit ceteros.
- Every madman thinks all other men mad.
- Syrus, Maxims.
- Mad as a hatter.
- William Makepeace Thackeray, Pendennis, Chapter X.
Legal insanity
- A human creature deprived of reason, and disordered in his senses, is still an animal, or instrument possessing strength and ability to commit violence; but he is no more so than a mere mechanical machine, which, when put in motion, performs its powerful operations on all that comes in its way, without consciousness of its own effects, or responsibility for them. In like manner, the man under the influence of real madness, has properly no will, but does what he is not conscious or; sensible he is doing, and therefore cannot be made answerable for any consequences.
- Lord Eskgrove, Kinloch's Case (1795), 55 How. St. Tr. 1000; reported in The Dictionary of Legal Quotations (1904), p. 105.
- Hamlet, being charged with " coinage of the brain" answers:
- "It is not madness
- That I have uttered; bring me to the test,
And I the matter will re-word; which madness
Would gambol from."
- Madness, then, varies and fluctuates: it cannot "re-word"—if the poet's observation be well founded; and though the Court would not at all rely upon it as an authority, yet it knows from the information of a most eminent physician that this test of madness, suggested by this passage, was found, by experiment in a recent case, to be strictly applicable, and discovered the lurking disease.
- Sir John Nicholl, Groom v. Thomas (1829), 2 Hagg. Ecc. Rep. 452, 453; reported in The Dictionary of Legal Quotations (1904), p. 104-05. The reference goes on to say:
The Court was understood to allude to the case referred to in a note to p. 242, of the 10th number of the new series of the Quarterly Journal of Sciences and the Arts, London, 1829. "If the tests of insanity are matters of law, the practice of allowing experts to testify what they are should be discontinued; if they are matters of fact, the Judge should no longer testify without being sworn as a witness and showing himself qualified to testify as an expert."—Doe, J., State v. Pike, 49 New Hamp. Eep. 399 ; 6 Amer. Eep. 584.
- Is not this insanity plea becoming rather common? Is it not so common that the reader confidently expects to see it offered in every criminal case that comes before the courts? [...] Really, what we want now, is not laws against crime, but a law against insanity.
- Because the insanity defense is a key part of our criminal-justice system, which is founded on the belief that people normally choose whether or not to obey the law. Certain people, we have said historically, cannot make that choice, however, either because they are too young or because of severe mental retardation or mental illness. The insanity defense exists in practically every civilized country. It is not some kind of aberration, as some seem to be suggesting in the wake of the Hinckley verdict.
- Elyce Zenoff Ferster, answering an interview question in U.S. News & World Report, Volume 93 (1982), p. 15; reported in Alan F. Pater, Jason R. Pater, What They Said in 1982: The Yearbook of World Opinion (1983). | <urn:uuid:fe60bc5c-5859-42e3-9dcd-c35a9c6bec1a> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Insane | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368700264179/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516103104-00004-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.914201 | 3,559 | 2.8125 | 3 |
INCARNATE 1) endowed with a body, esp. a human body; in bodily form.
Joh 1:1 In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God;
Joh 10:30 I and the Father are one.'
God was "incarnate" in His Son Jesus in a body of flesh.
1Co 15:40 and there are heavenly bodies, and earthly bodies; but one is the glory of the heavenly, and another that of the earthly;
1Co 15:41 one glory of sun, and another glory of moon, and another glory of stars, for star from star doth differ in glory.
1Co 15:42 So also is the rising again of the dead: it is sown in corruption, it is raised in incorruption;
1Co 15:43 it is sown in dishonour, it is raised in glory; it is sown in weakness, it is raised in power;
1Co 15:44 it is sown a natural body, it is raised a spiritual body; there is a natural body, and there is a spiritual body;
1Co 15:45 so also it hath been written, `The first man Adam became a living creature,' the last Adam is for a life-giving spirit,
1Co 15:46 but that which is spiritual is not first, but that which was natural, afterwards that which is spiritual.When we are changed, is it is not a "re-incarnation" we will not be incarnate.
John 4:24 "God is Spirit."
We will not be reincarnated, for as far as I can tell that means we will have a human body(which from what I can tell is a "soul" and a soul is a living, breathing creature, something that can die, and that we wont do, for we will be deathless.
1Co 15:51 lo, I tell you a secret; we indeed shall not all sleep, and we all shall be changed;
1Co 15:52 in a moment, in the twinkling of an eye, in the last trumpet, for it shall sound, and the dead shall be raised incorruptible, and we--we shall be changed:
1Co 15:53 for it behoveth this corruptible to put on incorruption, and this mortal to put on immortality;
1Co 15:54 and when this corruptible may have put on incorruption, and this mortal may have put on immortality, then shall be brought to pass the word that hath been written, `The Death was swallowed up--to victory;
1Co 15:55 where, O Death, thy sting? where, O Hades, thy victory?'
1Co 15:56 and the sting of the death is the sin, and the power of the sin the law;
1Co 15:57 and to God--thanks, to Him who is giving us the victory through our Lord Jesus Christ;
GOD IS SPIRIT
and that is what we will be SPIRIT.
AND THAT AINT REINCARNATION, reincarnation is a faithless teaching of men without hope. | <urn:uuid:efbee837-8e9e-493e-80ae-37eeeae8f7d7> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://tentmaker.org/forum/christian-life/reincarnation-a-devil's-lie-is-it-acceptable-from-a-christian-point-of-view/msg116785/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368703298047/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516112138-00028-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.950554 | 665 | 2.015625 | 2 |
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Osteoarthritis is an ongoing problem. But it doesn’t have to keep you from leading an active life. You can help control symptoms by exercising and watching your weight. Using special tools also helps make life easier. Be sure to see your doctor as requested for checkups and lab work.
Gentle exercise can help lessen your pain. Keep the following in mind when you work out:
Choose exercises that improve joint motion and make your muscles stronger. Your doctor or a physical therapist may suggest a few.
Try low-impact sports, such as walking, biking, or doing exercises in a warm pool.
Don’t push yourself too hard at first. Slowly build up your endurance over time.
When pain and stiffness increase, cut back on your workout.
If you weigh more than you should, your weight-bearing joints are under extra pressure. This makes your symptoms worse. To reduce pain and stiffness, try shedding a few of those extra pounds. The tips below may help:
Start a weight-loss program with the help of your doctor.
Ask your friends and family for support.
Join a weight-loss group.
Even simple tasks can be hard to do when your joints hurt. The special tools and aids listed here can make things easier by reducing strain and protecting your joints. Ask your health care provider where to find these and other helpful tools:
Long-handled reachers or grabbers
Jar openers and button threaders
Splints for your wrists or other joints
Large grips for pencils, garden tools, and other hand-held objects | <urn:uuid:3300a6af-4d31-4f81-a8a0-0d62dbc1cf76> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.einstein.edu/einsteinhealthtopic/?languagecode=es&healthTopicId=-1&healthTopicName=Videos&articleId=83576&articleTypeId=3 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368699881956/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516102441-00036-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.937209 | 350 | 2.078125 | 2 |
Posts Tagged Lets Visit Oslo!!!!
Oslo is the capital and most populous city as well as scientific, cultural and governmental center of Norway. It is a global city having varied tourists’ attractions. Guided tours of Oslo are available providing an opportunity to learn more and more about this wonderful city. Do you also want to know about this marvelous city? Yes! Then read this post to have an idea about the beauty and elegance of this place.
Vigeland Sculpture Park
Vigeland Sculpture Park is located two miles to the north-west of central Oslo and it is one of the most popular and favorite attraction in Norway. More than one million people visit this park every year. Here in this park, you will find more than 212 sculptures of different sizes which are sculpted in bronze and granite. These sculptures were actually created by famous and renowned Norwegian artist named Gustav Vigeland. The most famous sight in this park is Monolith.
Nobel Peace Center
Nobel Peace Center opened in June, 2005 and therefore it is a comparatively new addition to Oslo’s attractions. It rejoices the contribution of winners of this prestigious award. This center is featured with a fascinating exhibition that gives explanation about Alfred Bernhard Nobel who used his wealth to create Nobel institution.
The Oslo Fjord
If you ever visit Norway, don’t miss to visit magnificent and natural beauty of Norwegian fjords. It is a popular and world-famous cruise destination and makes the most breathtaking and stunning scenery in the world. I would recommend you to grab a boat or ferry from Oslo to visit fjords. While visiting fjords, you can stop at many beautiful and worth-seeing islands which you should never miss. If you pay a visit to fjords in summer, you can relax and take rest on one of the many glorious and splendid beaches. If you have some interest in visiting a cultural and historical sight, then I will strongly recommend you to visit ruins of an old cloister that is located on the island.
Tryvann Vinterpark/ Holmenkollen Ski Jump
The Hollmenkollen Ski Jump is a famous ski arena all over the world. It has a tall observation tower from where you can view beautiful scenes of city. It also houses a museum tracing history of skiing over the past 4000 years. The best time to enjoy Holmenkollen Ski Jump is during winter season as different championships are held at this time of year.
Oslo Opera House
A recently opened attraction in Oslo is the Oslo Opera House that was opened in 2008 and a visit to this opera house must be included in your list while visiting Oslo. It is featured with 1100 rooms and spread over an area of 38000 square meters. Greatest attractions in this opera house are ballet performances which are quite enjoyable and should never be missed at any cost.
These were some of the most famous attractions of Oslo. Visit these places and have a memorable time. | <urn:uuid:9dc64f67-a73d-402d-9b85-2415af8bb852> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://mojotravel.wordpress.com/tag/lets-visit-oslo/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368698207393/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516095647-00041-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.970272 | 606 | 1.617188 | 2 |
GDP doesn’t accurately reflect the true impact — positive and negative — that mining has on our collective wellbeing
The challenge is to make it both.
No question, the riches are there. A recent report from the Conference Board of Canada touts how mining in the North is expected to nearly double by 2020, both in terms of the value of minerals and metals we retrieve and the number of jobs created.
Mining in the North is expected to grow at a compound annual growth rate of 7.5 per cent, compared to an average of just 2.2 per cent annually for the Canadian economy as a whole.
But Scott Vaughan, federal commissioner of the environment and sustainable development, is worried about what will be sacrificed in the rush to make withdrawals. Environmental oversight is sorely lacking, he concluded in a report tabled this week to Parliament. There are also big information and infrastructure gaps.
“We know that there’s a boom in natural resources,” he said. “I think what we need now, given the gaps, given the problems we found, is a boom in environmental protection.”
In the North, real mining gross domestic product (2002 dollars) was $4.4 billion in 2011, and is expected to grow to $8.5 billion by 2020, according to the conference board.
It’s an impressive figure, but like all values attached to GDP, it’s also misleading. It accounts only for the one-way flow of minerals out of the ground and into marketplace. It ignores any of the health or environmental costs incurred over the next seven years, or the long-term economic implications of emptying yet another resource-filled bank account.
As Natural Capitalism author Paul Hawken said during a speech this week in Toronto, “Our current economic system steals from the future, sells it in the present, and calls it GDP.”
Many of Canada’s major mining companies are, to be fair, making an effort to reduce their environmental footprints. They’ve seen the writing on the wall for more than a decade. With social media acting as a kind of global watchdog, ducking responsibility is becoming riskier business.
Organizations and programs have sprouted up to support efforts, including the Mining Association of Canada’s Toward Sustainable Mining initiative, which established principles for environmental performance, and the Green Mining Initiative, which has a similar mandate but is led by Natural Resources Canada.
Then there’s the relatively new Clean Mining Alliance, which was founded to promote and share information about new clean technologies that can help mining companies operate more efficiently, make less of a mess, and more effectively clean up the messes they do make.
“Notoriously conservative mining companies and their shareholders are starting to realize that the capital expenses of new clean technologies can be offset by reduced operating costs and the potential for new revenues,” according to Dallas Kachan, managing partner of Kachan & Co. and executive director of the alliance.
In his start-of-year outlook for 2013, Kachan predicted there would be a much higher adoption of clean technologies in the mining sector, particularly in areas such as water purification, remediation of tailings, advanced mineral separation and products that reduce the use of water and power.
Of course, simply using renewable energy such as geothermal or storage-backed wind can help lower pollution and carbon emissions at mining sites, which are often so remote that renewables become a more cost-effective option than, say, running dirty diesel generators. It helps, and we need much more of it, but it’s not nearly enough.
What’s also needed, Hawken said during his talk, is a “whole different pallet” of technologies that don’t just reduce the impacts of industrial operations, but fundamentally change how industries operate.
He pointed to the amazing advancements taking place in a new discipline known as biological mining. The idea here is that there are molecules and bacteria found in nature – including the human body – that are designed to selectively grab specific minerals, heavy metals and other toxins.
Hawken described a time when we’ll use these molecules and bacteria to “mine” and concentrate the residual but highly demanded minerals from, for example, the tailing ponds of old mining sites. Instead of digging up new stuff, we can find it in the pollution we’ve already left behind.
The approach offers remediation and revenue-generation at the same time. Toronto-based BacTech Environmental is an example of a company playing in this emerging space.
“We can now run the industrial age backwards by doing what nature does,” said Hawken, adding later, “The breakthroughs are ubiquitous and they’re coming at us fast.”
Can they reach us fast enough, and at a cost low enough to motivate? Will the federal government and mining sector – which prefers to stay clear of risk – wake up and realize that leadership on this front is becoming an issue of long-term survival?
We may be on the path to doubling mining GDP in the North. But we’re also emptying the bank account, and incurring charges we don’t yet recognize but, sooner or later, will have to pay.
Tyler Hamilton, author of Mad Like Tesla, writes weekly about green energy and clean technologies. | <urn:uuid:40c75950-1445-4214-adeb-3325aa2fa34d> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.cleanbreak.ca/2013/02/15/gdp-doesnt-accurately-reflect-the-true-impact-positive-and-negative-that-mining-has-on-our-collective-wellbeing/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368707435344/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516123035-00030-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.951798 | 1,117 | 2.5625 | 3 |
Monitors on the traffic-choked Marylebone Road were showing readings breaching European Union limits on ozone and pollutant particles linked to respiratory and other health problems.
Professor Warren Lenney, of the British Lung Foundation, said air pollution posed a big risk to young children because it can damage their lungs, restricting their airways and making them more prone to asthma. The professor said: ‘We should be breathing normal healthy air with no soot, ozone or toxic nitrogen dioxide because all those things come into your airways and they produce inflammation.
'This then scars the lung tissue which results in smaller airways and can cause asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and lung cancer.
‘The smog that we are seeing this weekend is as bad as in Dickens’s time in Victorian England.
‘Then, it would have been really bad in November due to all the industrial smoke, but today it is somewhat worse due to the car exhaust fumes.
Pollution in towns and cities including London, Oxford, Sheffield, Liverpool and Leeds was as much as double safe levels, according to official data.
The pollution poses a particular risk to asthmatics, the elderly and heart patients, who are being advised to be vigilant to any change in their conditions and to seek medical help if they experience difficulties.
Research has found that particulate matter causes between 12,000 and 24,000 premature deaths a year in Britain. In 2007 scientists at the University of Southern California found that children who lived within 500 yards of a main road had stunted lung development.
Yesterday 39 sites in the UK exceeded the limit for PM10s. The pollution has been exacerbated by the number of people driving. An estimated 18 million vehicles will travel over this weekend and next.
Simon Birkett, of the Campaign for Clean Air in London, said: “It is a scandal the so-called 'greenest government’ is still virtually silent on the long-term impacts of air pollution on health.”
Time to remember once again the naïve enthusiasm with which the last CEO of the London Cycling Campaign welcomed the prospect of a cycling prime minister and a cycling mayor.
And don’t forget the car dependency and the obesity. | <urn:uuid:861088d4-dbc4-492b-9b73-b046de5be582> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://crapwalthamforest.blogspot.com/2011/04/car-sickness-makes-you-sick.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368697974692/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516095254-00034-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.954192 | 458 | 2.3125 | 2 |
Download: pdf (5 pages; 101 Kb)
Abstract: Plaut and Booth (2000, Psychological Review, 107, 786-823) developed a distributed connectionist model of written word comprehension, and evaluated it against empirical findings on individual and developmental differences in semantic priming in visual lexical decision. Borowsky and Besner (2006, Psychological Review) raised a number of challenges for this model. First, the model was not shown to be capable of accurately distinguishing words from orthographically matched nonwords. Second, its use of a semantic measure for performing lexical decision appears inconsistent with evidence of normal lexical decision in brain-damaged patients with semantic impairments. Third, the explanation offered for additive and interactive effects in the model appears incompatible with certain aspects of existing empirical findings on the joint effects word frequency, priming context, and stimulus quality. In this reply, we demonstrate with additional modeling that none of these issues is problematic for the model.
Copyright Notice: The documents distributed here have been provided as a means to ensure timely dissemination of scholarly and technical work on a noncommercial basis. Copyright and all rights therein are maintained by the authors or by other copyright holders, notwithstanding that they have offered their works here electronically. It is understood that all persons copying this information will adhere to the terms and constraints invoked by each author's copyright. These works may not be reposted without the explicit permission of the copyright holder. | <urn:uuid:9b73b4fe-f3a4-4444-a1bd-db8947c77f90> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.cnbc.cmu.edu/~plaut/papers/abstracts/PlautBooth06PR.replyToBB06.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368704132298/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516113532-00035-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.927737 | 290 | 1.671875 | 2 |
Cardinal Bertone: Pope Bringing Encouragement to Mexico
Secretary of State Says His Message Will Be Especially for the Young
| 1412 hits
By Anita Bourdin
ROME, MARCH 21, 2012 (Zenit.org).- Benedict XVI will be in Mexico this Friday through Monday, before going on to Cuba. While there, he wants to encourage Mexicans, especially young people, observed Cardinal Tarcisio Bertone, the Holy Father's Secretary of State.
Cardinal Bertone was interviewed by Mexican television Televisa and by El Sol de México newspaper. The text of his talk was published by Vatican Radio.
The Pope will be taking “a message of encouragement, especially to young people, so that they will not allow themselves to be discouraged, to be enticed by easy goals of gain or social climbing, but instead, that they be committed to building a supportive society, an honest society, a society where each one has his place, his recognition -- a message of love and of great encouragement and, hence, of optimism,” he said.
Regarding the challenges facing Mexico’s society, the Italian cardinal suggested that the Pope might appeal for an end to violence, for the protection of human life, and for the promotion of the family.
Benedict XVI is well aware of the situation in a country marked by the challenges “of violence, of corruption, of drug trafficking,” which implies the commitment by everyone,”of both social and religious forces, to “re-found” Mexico on the Christian values imprinted in its DNA: peaceful coexistence, fraternity, solidarity and honesty.
He described Mexicans’ faith as “solid, not superficial,” and observed that, to surmount the challenges of the moment, “there is need of help from above, greater rootedness in the faith, more prayer and greater personal commitment.”
In regard to the project on religious liberty, Cardinal Bertone said that “if the right to religious liberty is firm, the other rights are also protected. If the right to religious liberty collapses, given that it is fundamental, the other rights also vacillate.” | <urn:uuid:771b9926-23e2-4f8d-9d24-ab3c4f755677> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.zenit.org/en/articles/cardinal-bertone-pope-bringing-encouragement-to-mexico | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368697974692/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516095254-00047-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.949429 | 454 | 1.640625 | 2 |
I support the Vienna Declaration because a global HIV epidemic exists among drug users, and current approaches to tackling this massive health crisis have failed.
As a former UN Special Envoy for HIV/AIDS in Africa, I have seen firsthand the devastation – personal, social, and economic – that this disease can cause. Drug users now account for a third of all HIV infections outside of sub-Saharan Africa; their devastation is compounded by perverse, punitive, destructive government policies.
We have the tools — we call them, collectively, “harm reduction” — to stop the spread of this epidemic. A combination of human rights and scientific evidence must be used to bring governments to their senses.
All people – whether they use drugs or not – should have access to life-saving treatment and health services. As things now stand, governments across the world continue to incarcerate drug users, and the cycle of stigma, HIV infection, and mass inequity goes on. The end result is a global HIV epidemic among drug users that is spiraling out of control.
Please join with me in signing and supporting the Vienna Declaration.
Stephen Lewis is the former Special Envoy to UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan and Co-Director of AIDS-Free World, an international AIDS advocacy organization based in the United States. | <urn:uuid:a0e7a626-c077-40b3-a322-91be3f3fb1bd> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.viennadeclaration.com/2010/08/the-evidence-is-in-inaction-is-out/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368698924319/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516100844-00039-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.925987 | 264 | 2.015625 | 2 |
The first full scale biography of Wallis Simpson to be written by a woman, exploring the mind of one of the most glamorous and reviled figures of the Twentieth Century, a character who played prominently in the blockbuster film The King’s Speech.
This is the story of the American divorcee notorious for allegedly seducing a British king off his throne. “That woman,” so called by Queen Elizabeth, The Queen Mother, was born Bessie Wallis Warfield in 1896 in Baltimore. Neither beautiful nor brilliant, she endured an impoverished childhood, which fostered in her a burning desire to rise above her circumstances.
Acclaimed biographer Anne Sebba offers an eye-opening account of one of the most talked about women of her generation. It explores the obsessive nature of Simpson’s relationship with Prince Edward, the suggestion that she may have had a Disorder of Sexual Development, and new evidence showing she may never have wanted to marry Edward at all.
Since her death, Simpson has become a symbol of female empowerment as well as a style icon. But her psychology remains an enigma. Drawing from interviews and newly discovered letters, That Woman shines a light on this captivating and complex woman, an object of fascination that has only grown with the years.
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Read the full excerpt
‘That Woman,’ by Anne Sebba - NYTimes.comThis new book looks at the life of Wallis Simpson, for whom Edward VIII abdicated.- The New York Times
Anne Sebba on Duchess of Windsor, Scotty Bowers on Himself - NYTimes.comAnne Sebba looks at the Duchess of Windsor in a new biography; Scotty Bowers’s memoir reveals Hollywood’s sexual secrets.- The New York Times
“That Woman: The Life of Wallis Simpson, Duchess of Windsor” by Anne Sebba - The Washington PostHow did Wallis Simpson get a king to abdicate his throne?- The Washington Post
ANNE SEBBA is a biographer, lecturer, and former Reuters foreign correspondent who has written eight books and is a member of the Society of Authors Executive Committee. She lives in London. | <urn:uuid:a4287d2f-d2e8-417b-80e8-67304498a1c7> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://us.macmillan.com/thatwoman/AnneSebba | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368701852492/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516105732-00052-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.942502 | 463 | 2.65625 | 3 |
Analysis: Shareholder Demands To Shape Modern Agriculture
Author: Laura MacInnis
A worker's gloves lie on a tool at a romaine lettuce farm outside San Luis, Arizona November 9, 2010.
Photo: Eric Thayer
Increasing investor demand for agricultural land and the funneling of big money into farms is raising questions about whether small, family-sized operations can survive.
Enthusiasm about agricultural commodities has spilled into rural real estate as rich people, private equity funds and some government entities snap up farmland as a way to secure food supplies and hedge themselves against inflation.
An estimated 45 million hectares of large-scale farmland deals were announced in 2009 alone, according to a World Bank report released in September.
Agriculture financiers say their clients are most keen on industrial-size production of corn, wheat, soybeans, cotton and other traded goods, whose value has shot up alongside concerns about strains on the world's food chain.
The result is a trend toward bigger land parcels and a more shareholder-responsive farming culture, which has put intense profit pressure on smaller producers.
"It is a dance, a bit, to find out how to keep the smaller farmers in business," said Mary McNairy of International Farming Corp., a North Carolina investment firm which buys land for wealthy individuals, family offices and sovereign wealth funds.
"Consolidation is happening, and there is really no way to successfully generate the profits we are promising our investors without buying larger tracts of land," she said.
Henry Wilkes, chief executive of London-based InvestAg Savills, said urban bankers' foray into agriculture was creating new demands for farmers, who could previously care for their crops and bring products to market in their own way.
"Clearly farming will become far more corporate. They will have to adapt to that," he said, warning that investors also need to be clear on their game plan for selling or disposing of farmland that they buy with a short-term view.
"You are moving away from the traditional farmers who had been holding the land for several generations to an investment fund that may hold it for seven to 10 years. And none of them have really exited yet," Wilkes said.
Giles Mettetal, director of agri-business at the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, said there were already a number of "mega farms" being developed in central and eastern Europe, including one 1 million hectare property.
"That is about the size of Denmark."
Neophyte investors in agriculture need to tread carefully, Mettetal said.
"The big challenge will be for these global investments to be transparent and to respect the environment in which they operate. Otherwise the risk is very high."
The World Bank and U.N. agencies have drafted principles for "responsible agricultural investment" in response to fears that China, Gulf Arab states and other countries would buy up foreign farms and worsen hunger in poor areas.
Several of the farming fund managers gathered in Geneva for the Global InvestAg conference, organized by SoyaTech, said that sovereign wealth funds were currently barely visible in the farm sector, though that is expected to change in the years ahead.
The investors also stressed that it made good business sense to tread lightly in farming, engage fully with local communities and use sustainable farming principles.
"My equity is the soil. I will preserve that soil at all costs," said Mark McLornan, chief executive of Argentine farm investment firm Agro Terra.
(Editing by Jane Baird) | <urn:uuid:bb353b6b-5d2b-4576-a203-4d5f8934b6a1> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://planetark.org/enviro-news/item/60207 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368699881956/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516102441-00055-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.964429 | 722 | 2.1875 | 2 |
What shall I write for my essay (or science journal article, may it be)? I look at my blank word document and begin to type. I have my subject! My word document! No, it is the written language, which can capture ideas and thoughts. And my computer, which stores my writing and allows me to edit. More broadly, my subject is innovation, the creation of a new idea or method. The written language, weapons, mathematics, and printing are among the greatest innovations of all time. They have stood through periods of war and of peace and prevailed timelessly as inevitable components of society.
Innovations can come many ways and from many sources; they may come accidentally or through necessity. Companies innovate by improving products and services to meet society’s demands and keep up with competitors. For those in business, innovation is critical to maintaining revenue and keeping customers satisfied. Scientists and engineers also innovate, whether in searching for a novel cure for a disease or creating a new gadget that will ease the flow of everyday life. Creative new products are constantly being designed. Here are some examples.
The Surge Protector
But not just any surge protector. In light of today’s conservation efforts, Belkin, a consumer electronics corporation, has created a surge protector that goes beyond merely protecting devices from voltage spikes: Belkin’s surge protector saves energy and money as well. Belkin innovators knew that even when electronic devices are powered off, they still suck precious energy. After scratching their heads for some time, they invented a surge protector with the extra feature of cutting off power from select electronic devices in order to eliminate waste of standby energy. Belkin’s surge protector meets the need to conserve while serving the surge protector’s traditional role.
Insulin and Diabetes
For people with diabetes, insulin providing devices are an integral part of daily life. Insulin must be inserted in the bloodstream in order to maintain stable blood glucose levels. The primitive needle and syringe method was one of the first ways this was accomplished. However, scientists soon recognized the need for a discreet yet effective insulin-delivering pump. After all, poking yourself with a needle to monitor glucose level, and then poking yourself a few more times to actually get insulin in your body isn’t the most pleasant thing to deliberately do every day. Thanks to their efforts, there are now customizable external insulin pumps that deliver insulin based on a daily routine and can sense changes in blood glucose levels. This greatly improves the quality of life for diabetics. Current research shows an in-development intranasal spray may also show some promise.
Those Nasty Mosquitoes
Innovation doesn’t always come from the big companies and scientists. Anyone can innovate. For an elementary school science fair project in Taiwan, one student and his teacher devised a method to capture mosquitoes. By using an empty soda bottle, paper, tape, water, yeast, and cane sugar, the student was able to make a trap that caught 1,400 mosquitoes over the course of a few weeks. No more mosquito problem.
As you might have realized, innovation can come from anyone, and it can be practical or just cool. Visit http://www.journys.org/innovation-blog to find out more about innovation and Innovation Club meetings at Torrey Pines High School. Our world is always in need of innovators. | <urn:uuid:c39b7c41-cb01-4b3f-89d6-9a1b005cab5e> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.journys.org/articles/few-words-innovation-0 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368698207393/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516095647-00056-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.945098 | 695 | 2.328125 | 2 |
> You may wish that was what they did, but reality is that "open(filename, O_TRUNC | O_CREAT, 0666)" thing.
Which is exactly what ext4 already works around. In line with reality.
> Harsh, I know. And in the end, even the _good_ applications will decide that it's not worth the performance penalty of doing an fsync(). In git, for example, where we generally try to be very very very careful, 'fsync()' on the object files is turned off by default.
Ah, thinking of doing fsync() after all, are we?
> Why? Because turning it on results in unacceptable behavior on ext3.
And then, the real reality:
> Now, admittedly, the git design means that a lost new DB file isn't deadly, just potentially very very annoying and confusing - you may have to roll back and re-do your operation by hand, and you have to know enough to be able to do it in the first place.
Meaning, make your apps in such a way that an odd crash here and there cannot take out the whole thing. | <urn:uuid:5b862732-c9e9-4302-b410-1ebd58e706b9> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://lwn.net/Articles/326567/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368702810651/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516111330-00072-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.967682 | 242 | 1.53125 | 2 |
Think that pricey private college is out of reach for your budget? Think again.
A growing number of private colleges are awarding most -- or even all -- of their students scholarships that bring tuition close to public college levels. Ripon College in Wisconsin, for example, gives nearly all of its students enough grants to make its price tag competitive with that of public universities. And a few private colleges, such as Seton Hall, have started to offer to match the price of public colleges for good students.
Of course, there's no way to determine which schools will give you enough scholarship money to make their school more affordable than the next one (you're best bet is to estimate the cost using our calculator), but we can tell you which schools offer mid-priced educations ($5,000 to $15,000 in tuition and fees per year) for all students who get accepted.
The average public university charges in-state residents about $8,200 a year in tuition and fees for the 2011-12 academic year, according to the College Board.
Some flagship state universities in the Rocky Mountain region and in the South charge their residents less than $6,000 a year.
Unfortunately, some of the most populous states, such as Pennsylvania, California and New Jersey, also have the most expensive public universities.
Penn State, for example, has the dubious distinction of having the highest public tuition, with the average tuition and fee bill exceeding $17,000 in 2011-12. After adding in living costs in expensive communities like Berkeley, the total cost of attendance at the flagship University of California campuses exceeded $30,000 in 2011-12.
But most of these expensive states also offer less expensive four-year public universities. The California State University campuses, for example, generally charged less than $7,000 a year in tuition during the 2011-12 academic year, and have a total cost of attendance typically less than $25,000.
Private colleges that promise to match public university costs:
California Lutheran University. This Thousand Oaks, Calif., college promises to match the cost of attending some of the University of California campuses for students who have been admitted to a competing UC and CLU.
Northland College. This Wisconsin college promises to match public school costs for students with at least a B average from families earning up to $150,000.
Seton Hall University. This New Jersey college promises to match the cost of Rutgers (which charged tuition and fees of about $13,000 in 2011-12) for early applicants with excellent test scores who are in the top 10% of their class.
International colleges: Some overseas schools, including the highly ranked University of Hong Kong, and many Canadian colleges, charge Americans about $15,000 a year for tuition.
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Today's featured rates: | <urn:uuid:8f71d0c4-9684-42e1-855b-e3062a78ebe8> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://money.cnn.com/101/college-101/midpriced-colleges.moneymag/index.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368703682988/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516112802-00005-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.946081 | 706 | 1.671875 | 2 |
One of the largest bodies of minimum wage workers in Nevada is casino employees. At the current minimum wage rate, they're pulling in less than $11,000 a year without tips. If Question 6 is passed, minimum wage workers would earn $2000 more a year.
"An extra $1 an hour is going to be money in their pockets that they'll spend in this community and enrich our whole town and whole state," says Bob Fulkerson with the Progressive Leadership Alliance of Nevada. They're a partner with the Coalition to Give Nevada a Raise and were the initial sponsors of the ballot initiative.
The opposition argues that a wage boost would weaken the economy. According to voters' sample ballots, the argument states "This constitutional amendment would actually increase poverty in Nevada, rather than fight it. Suffering the most would be single mothers with little education, and other unskilled workers who are just entering the job market." That's because they say employers will not be able to afford as many workers and pay for their training.
"You look at the twelve states that have a higher minimum wage than the national average. In 8 of the 12 states, job growth, economic growth in those states has been higher than the national average. So the idea that this hurts the economy does not wash with historical experience," says Fulkerson.
Question 6 also includes a provision that makes employers who provide health care exempt from the dollar increase.
Question 6 will have to be passed this November and again in 2006 in order to be written into law. It would then take effect in 2007. | <urn:uuid:682d78eb-3fd7-42c0-b0f7-f355aea558bd> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.kolotv.com/home/headlines/1130596.html?site=full | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368696383156/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516092623-00043-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.977621 | 318 | 2.015625 | 2 |
WASHINGTON - The Bush administration wants to allow ocean farming for shellfish, salmon and saltwater species in federal waters for the first time, hoping to grab a greater share of the $70 billion aquaculture market.
A plan being announced Monday by Commerce Secretary Carlos Gutierrez would let companies operate fish farms three miles to 200 miles offshore, but without some of the rules on size, season and harvest methods that apply to other commercial fishermen.
Fish farms already operate on inland and coastal waters as far as three miles into the ocean, which fall under state jurisdiction.
An earlier administration plan won little support in Congress last year. Senate Democrats cited potential risks with pollution and genetic mixing of farmed and wild fish.
Sound off on the important issues at
Last month, Sen. Lisa Murkowski, R-Alaska, proposed blocking aquaculture in federal waters until Congress can study how it might affect Alaska's wild salmon, halibut, sablefish and crab.
Environmental concerns have arisen about wastewater generated by such operations. Gutierrez, however, said the administration's proposal had safeguards and would permit states to ban fish farming up to 12 miles off their coast.
"We believe we can do it in a way that is environmentally sound, that makes sense for our economy. And given that we are importing so much farm-raised fish, we might as well do it ourselves," Gutierrez told The Associated Press.
The plan, to be presented at the International Boston Seafood Show, would help the $1 billion U.S. aquaculture industry roughly double over the next few decades, he said.
Globally, the $70 billion aquaculture business accounts for almost half the seafood consumed in the world today as wild fish stocks decline.
About 70 percent of all the seafood eaten in the United States comes from overseas, contributing "a trade deficit of about $9 billion in fish," Gutierrez said. Almost half is farm-raised.
Farming of saltwater species such as salmon and shrimp is common in countries such as Thailand, Canada, China and Scotland. Much of their catch is sold in the United States.
Until now, the U.S. industry has focused mainly on catfish, tilapia and other freshwater fish. Some ocean farms raise shellfish such as mussels, clams and oysters, as well as shrimp and salmon.
"We can do it a lot better than anyone else," Gutierrez told the AP. "We believe that the power of the marketplace will be what determines the success here."
Only three years ago the Environmental Protection Agency begin regulating the more than 200 fish farms that generate wastewater poured directly into U.S. waterways.
Fish farming companies also must consult with the Food and Drug Administration, the National Marine Fisheries Service, the Agriculture Department and other federal and state environmental agencies.
But the United States lacks regulations for aquaculture in federal marine waters that extend three miles to 200 miles offshore, where U.S. jurisdiction ends.
The administration wants Congress to pass legislation that would let the Commerce Department issue 20-year permits to companies that raise fish in deep ocean waters. The permits would exempt companies from regulations that apply to other commercial fishermen and are intended to restrict size, season and harvest methods.
The administration's proposal would:
Authorize $4 million for the program, starting in October 2008.
Require companies to post bonds or other financial guarantees that they will remove the farms when operations end.
Impose fines of up to $250,000 a day per violation and criminal penalties of up to five years in prison and $500,000 in fines, or $1 million for a group.
Gutierrez said the government "can be pretty objective" about regulating the aquaculture despite seeking to promote it. "This ties in very well with reducing overfishing," he said. "This is very much the future, and we need to get to work to be able to have an adequate supply of fish."
Some marine experts, however, say fish farming adds to overfishing because most farms involve carnivorous fish that are fed more fish protein than the farms produce. They say the farms release pesticides, antibiotics and other chemicals, and cause genetic contamination of wild fish.
"The growth of aquaculture is questionable, as we are using the wild fish to grind up to feed the farmed fish," said Charles Clover, author of "The End Of The Line," a book on overfishing.
"It promotes overfishing for forage fish, and it's putting the farmed fish out with the wild fish - you don't really want the diseases to get into the wild population," he said.
Juneau Empire ©2013. All Rights Reserved. | <urn:uuid:29c61833-ca67-4f0b-b5aa-77148ecd5f0a> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://juneauempire.com/stories/031307/sta_20070313005.shtml | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368700264179/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516103104-00042-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.957292 | 967 | 2.328125 | 2 |
We humans are a competitive bunch. From time immemorial we’ve found every reason known to man to beat and bludgeon each other in the name of tribes, regions, countries, religions, even political parties, and we don’t seem the least bit inclined to stop. It’s somehow burned into our DNA to set up stakes and draw lines meant to keep us separate and superior, except, of course, when imperialism raises its uppity head and pushes one group beyond the lines of another to prove “survival of the fittest.” This may have worked for the Huns, it had much to do with the assemblage now known as the United States, but when it comes to contemporary culture and the discourse between human beings currently inhabiting our planet, all this line-drawing, head-bludgeoning, chest-puffing aggrandizement is literally beating the hell out of us.
I’m not just talking about the combatants in the Middle East, tribal Africa, Communist China or drug-lorded Mexico. I’m talking about the more mundane crowd right here in our own back yards: the cable pundits, Tea Partiers, talk radio shouters, neighborhood politicians, party opinion leaders, religious zealots, and Americans who seem to think some are more “real” than others. It’s an eclectic group that’s narrowly focused, blindly competitive and deeply bereft of empathy.
Empathy is defined as the capacity to recognize and share feelings that are being experienced by another person, a necessary component to the ability to feel compassion. Empathy and compassion… they may not be the only things that there’s just too little of, but they’re surely at the top of the list.
For a moment, let’s focus on the more personal aspect of human relations, those exchanges and reactions that exist between people. One on one. The way we treat each other. The way we consider (or don’t) each other’s viewpoints. The way we fight our battles, leave our comments, debate our issues, get our points across. In our hyper-competitive society, where we are groomed from day one to “be the best,” “knock the opponent down,” “win the prize,” “be right,” “get to the top,” often at the expense of anyone or anything in our way, the capacity for empathy is highly devalued. Boys who exhibit it are considered pussies. Girls who exude too much are relegated to the girl-track, not tough enough to compete with the boys. Woman with empathy have lots of friends and run a hell of a PTA but don’t expect anyone to nominate them for Chairman of the Board. Men… well, men aren’t even supposed to consider empathy a part of their emotional palette, much less feel it. It’s an emotion not particularly admired in these contentious times, and we, as a society, are suffering for its lack.
There are those who think anyone in need of compassion or help is a freeloader, those who call a government that feels some obligation to its needy socialist, and those who think anyone who is different in any way, shape, form, color, creed, belief system or political party is simply wrong, less. Less of a “real American.” Less of a patriot. Less of a God-fearer.
read full news from www.huffingtonpost.com | <urn:uuid:c6b21023-22c5-44b2-983c-67f7253040d5> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.allword-news.co.uk/2011/03/24/what-the-world-needs-now-is-empathy/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368703682988/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516112802-00069-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.960604 | 745 | 1.8125 | 2 |
Moon, Mars, and Meteors
The first meteor shower of the year is at its best the next couple of nights. Unfortunately, the gibbous Moon will overpower all but the brightest of its "shooting stars." But the Moon puts on quite a show of its own -- it teams up with the planet Mars. They rise in mid evening, with bright orange Mars not far to the left of the Moon.
The meteor shower is known as the Quadrantids. It's named for the extinct constellation Quadrans Muralis, which honored an old astronomical instrument known as the wall quadrant. The meteors appear to "rain" into Earth's atmosphere from that direction -- below the feet of present-day Hercules.
During a good year, you might see several dozen shooting stars an hour at the shower's peak -- a rate that's better than most showers.
But this is a poor year for a couple of reasons. The Moon is the main drawback, but the timing is bad, too. From the United States, the shower hits its peak in the middle of the day tomorrow -- not exactly prime time for meteor watching. And the Quadrantids don't linger like some showers do -- there's a big spike during the peak hours, but not much before or after.
If you want to give it a go, the best time to look is in the wee hours of tomorrow morning, when our portion of Earth turns most directly into the meteor stream. And if even if you don't see any meteors, there's a nice consolation prize that's in view most of the night: the Moon and the planet Mars.
Script by Damond Benningfield, Copyright 2009
For more skywatching tips, astronomy news, and much more, read StarDate magazine. | <urn:uuid:c86aaaa7-ebe2-40ba-b5e9-1da52f9f3890> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://stardate.org/radio/program/2010-01-02 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368707435344/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516123035-00041-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.943395 | 363 | 3.234375 | 3 |
An important part of your college application will be the letters of recommendation from your teachers. Each school is different – some will ask teachers to write an actual letter. Others, like those that use the Common Application, will ask the teacher to fill out a form with specific short answer questions. These won’t necessarily make or break your entrance into a certain school, but it is within your power to make sure you get the best recommendations possible. It doesn’t have to be stressful – teachers are used to writing these and will often be glad you asked.
A lot of students feel lost in this section of their application because they don’t know which teacher to ask to write their letter. It really, truly helps to make a list. A long list. A list of every teacher you have had during your high school career. Once you have created this list, go over it a few times and think about the teachers you enjoyed most. Were there any with whom you had a great connection? Are there any that stand out just by looking at this list? If there are, start with those teachers.
While having teachers that taught you in your junior and senior years is a plus, there is no reason to rule out a teacher you had as a freshman if you really clicked. If you had a teacher for more than one class or multiple years, this is a great opportunity for them to write about how you’ve grown as a student.
It’s important to remember that your teacher is not writing a letter about how smart you are or how perfect your grades were – or weren’t! They are giving the school more information about you in an academic context. Whether you are worried that your bad grades and low test scores will hurt your chances of college acceptance, or that you lack extra-cirricular activities and zest on your transcript: talk to a teacher who knows you more as a person and will vouch for your character.
It is totally valid to discuss the letter of recommendation with your chosen teacher and ask them to be honest. This is your future! You can ask, “Do you feel comfortable recommending me to this school?” If they do, great. Remind them of your application deadline! If they don’t, they will tell you. Don’t get discouraged! Ask a teacher who believes in you. You deserve it.
Here are a few more pointers from Cappex that you might want to consider when thinking about teacher recommendations! | <urn:uuid:907dc28b-cc02-4764-bf3b-a45a45c1884a> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.cappex.com/blog/high-school-juniors/finding-a-teacher-to-write-your-recommendation-letter/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368710006682/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516131326-00063-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.975132 | 512 | 2.1875 | 2 |
The Timeline Of The Middle Ages By Nelly
Created by nellys on Sep 17, 2008
Last updated: 11/16/09 at 04:02 PM
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In Wittenberg Martin Luther posted his 95 theses on the door of the Catholic Church. Martin Luther was concerned about certain practices in the Catholic Church such as the selling of indulgences to free the soul from torture. Martin Luther wrote them because he wanted to correct what he saw in the churchs mistakes.
The Sistine Chapel was located in the Vatican City, in Rome. It took a bit over 4 years to paint. It is and was one of Romes most popular chapels maily because of its interior design.
John Calvin was born in the 16th century. He was born in Nyon, Switzerland, he studied at the University of Paris where he studied theology. He started Calvinsm which was an approach to the Christian life which drawed attention to the rule of God over all things.
Columbus departed on his first voyage from the port of Palos in southern Spain, on August 3, in command of three ships: the Niña, the Pinta and the Santa Maria.
Copernicus studying the night sky was how astronomy was invented. If he hadnt started those studies then right now people wouldnt know how to read the night sky.
Raphael was born on April 6th in Urbino, Italy.
The workshop was located in Florence, Italy. It was the centre of the intellectual currents in Florence. It was where he tought himslef and learnt the things that made him a very smart man. Like he learnt humanities, engineering and how to paint there.
The inventor of the Printing Press was Johannes Gutenberg. The Printing Press was a machine that transfers lettering or images by contact with various forms of inked surface onto paper or similar material fed into it in various ways The device is used for printing many copies of a text on paper.
Gutenberg was born in the 15 century in Mainz, Germany.
The Plague began because these fleas which had a disease clinged onto rats in the Roman Empire and then the ras carried the disease. Since back then rats were common to see on the streets people were in close contact with them so the fleas went onto them and people got the disease. This time during the Empire was called the "Black Death".
The Crusades ended because the Pope lost the support of the Lords, who had the power of the wars. Their wars were not successfull in the long run and so it ended with a Peace Declaration.
The Crusades were battles that were fought to defend religion.
That rule that the Pope can be judged by no one was apart of the Canon Law and since the Pope was the Bishop of the First See there was no one that had the authority to judge him. Therefore no one had the legal right to determine whether or not the Pope had been excluded himself from the Church.
William The Conqueror was crowned and during his reign he faught in the Battle of Hastings, he saw change in the English Laws and also he made changes to English vocabulary.
William The Conqueror led the Norman side and King Harold II ruled the English side. It took place on the 14th of October. The Battle began when King Edward III died and left no heir in charge, so the council eventually decided that and adult in the council was going to be crowned. Two adults werent happy, Harald Hardrada of Scandinavia and William The Conqueror of Normady so they joined forces,planned and attacked a battle against England to change the King. England was out numbered and weakened by Willliam.
The Church split into two when Pope Leo IX and Patriach Michael I they were excluded from the church. There were 5 leaders of the church and one of them was the Pope and he tried to control all the other Metropolitans and they didnt accept so the churchs split up.
Charlemagne did amazing things for his empire. He helped them survive through many wars. That is why when he died his empire was very sad. Everyone loved him but the relationship between him and his daughters was awful. He did not want them to marry so they had many affaires with different men. And then one of the daughters had a child even though she wasnt married so when their father died they were banished from the court by their brother.
Charlemagne led his empire through countless amount of wars during his reign. He launched a 30-year campaign that conquered and Christianized the unreligious Saxons in the north.
The Fall Of Rome happened because the Romans had trade decline, there was less loyalty to their leaders and also the wealthy and emperors were not following the rules of the taxes. The nature also brought the plague and drought to the Roman Empire. | <urn:uuid:39492b6c-cb59-431f-9c97-2a7cb714c61e> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.dipity.com/nellys/Fall_Of_Rome_Timeline/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368709037764/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516125717-00021-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.992326 | 1,008 | 3.140625 | 3 |
Obama also raised the maximum credit for families with three or more children from 40% to 45% of a household's earnings (up to a maximum amount), and that rate is slated to go back to 40% in 2013. This decrease could amount to a loss of more than $600 for families with at least three children who had previously claimed this credit, said Williams.
4. American Opportunity Tax Credit
Introduced as part of Obama's stimulus plan, the American Opportunity Tax Credit aims to help lower-income families pay for college. It replaced the Hope Credit and allows qualifying families to claim up to $2,500 each year for four years.
Obama made the credit 40% refundable, meaning a family that qualifies for the full $2,500 can receive $1,000 of the credit in cash and the rest must be applied toward their tax liability. That refundable $1,000 is especially important for low-income families, since they often don't have big enough tax bills to apply a non-refundable credit. Often, the refundable amount is the only portion they receive.
But the American Opportunity Tax Credit is scheduled to disappear at the end of this year and revert back to the Hope Credit. At that point, the maximum credit will drop to $1,800. Also, families will only be able to claim the credit for two years and it will no longer be refundable.
"Because the Hope Credit is not at all refundable, that's potentially $1,000 dollars out of the pocket of a college student, and when you're trying to go to college, $1,000 is a lot of money," said Williams. | <urn:uuid:8be29941-dc03-4152-94af-5931369d3e8e> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.kcra.com/news/money/4-tax-breaks-for-parents-on-the-chopping-block/-/11797182/16942600/-/item/2/-/gutlj/-/index.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368699273641/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516101433-00016-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.972621 | 339 | 2.140625 | 2 |
PSY617A Family Systems
Lead Faculty: Dr. Brenda Lee Shook
Part one of a two-part sequence. A comprehensive examination of the family as a social institution and how it shapes the course of human development. The student is exposed to models and systems of family development, the multifaceted dynamics of intrafamily relationships, and interactions of the family with various elements of the sociocultural environment. Attention is also focused on family interaction patterns, including communication processes, power relationships, open and closed family systems, parent-child relationships, and conflict resolution processes.
- Demonstrate an understanding of family systems conceptualization of problems and approaches to therapy.
- Articulate how various systems approaches conceptualize problems.
- Articulate the historical development general systems theory.
- Outline the contributions of major personalities within the field (both historical and current).
- Demonstrate knowledge of family life cycle as it applies to family dynamics and presenting problem.
- Articulate psychopathology from a systems perspective.
- Demonstrate ability to analyze family interactions systemically, the interaction between family system problems and strengths and individual family members’ problems and strengths, and the role of the family in helping family members with developmental, acute, and chronic problems
- Demonstrate ability to think critically about the implications of these theories for assessing and working with vulnerable populations
- Construct family genograms for their own families as well as families of multiple case presentations. | <urn:uuid:a828be7b-8386-4205-91bc-e75723562dc8> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.nu.edu/OurPrograms/CollegeOfLettersAndSciences/Psychology/Courses/PSY617A.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368697974692/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516095254-00023-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.937349 | 296 | 2.609375 | 3 |
You may not be aware but the FamilySearch Research Wiki contains information about genealogical societies and family organizations. For example, if you do a search on the word "society" not only do you get a list of societies by geographical area, but you can also find pages created by individual societies and family organizations. There are literally thousands of societies listed on the Research Wiki.
You can find an organization or society in your geographical area or even a surname group with your surname. If you belong to a society or organization, such as a family organization, you are encouraged to set up a Wiki page about your organization and link it to your website, if you have one. If you do not have a website, the Wiki can be a place to put your organization or group online. Bear in mind that the Research Wiki is not a place to post personal or family histories. You might want to look at a few society pages for examples. If you find that your society or organization is listed in the Wiki but there is no page, then you or someone from your society or organization can certainly add the page into the Wiki.
If you are looking for information about genealogical societies and organizations, as the Wiki grows, it will become (and already is) the go-to place for this type of information. | <urn:uuid:04a40552-a913-443f-a564-2dc7ceb3506f> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://genealogysstar.blogspot.com/2011/11/societies-and-family-organizations-on.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368698207393/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516095647-00046-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.93718 | 265 | 1.953125 | 2 |
Prior to the U.S. entering WWII, a small coterie of British spies in Washington, D.C., was formed. They called themselves the Baker Street Irregulars after the band of street urchins who were the eyes and ears of Sherlock Holmes in some Arthur Conan Doyle stories. This group constituted the very beginning of what would become M16, the British version of the CIA, and they helped support the fledgling American intelligence service, known at the time as the OSS. Among them were writers Raold Dahl, Ian Fleming, and the flamboyant Canadian industrialist turned professional saboteur William Stephenson, known by the code name “Intrepid,” upon whom Fleming would later base his fictional M16 agent James Bond. Richly detailed and carefully researched, Conant’s narrative uses never-before-seen wartime letters, diaries and interviews to create a fascinating, lively account of deceit, double dealing and moral ambiguityall in the name of victory.
“A thoroughly engrossing story, one Conant tells exceptionally well. [starred review]”
“A fascinating glimpse of the intrigue and spying inside the British-American alliance in wartime Washington.” | <urn:uuid:ad17f58b-c8a3-473c-85ae-02d6d2364ff7> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.highbridgeaudio.com/irregulars.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368696381249/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516092621-00004-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.93778 | 250 | 1.75 | 2 |
This site is
dedicated to showcasing vintage postcards of Cincinnati and the surrounding communities.
I am also adding many photographs that relate to, and increase knowledge of,
these postcards. My areas of interest consist of all communities inside the I-275 circle freeway,
plus many communities that are located just on the outside of this
corridor. In addition to Kentucky, I-275 also goes thru Indiana so you will
also see some cards from Lawrenceburg, Indiana. You will not see many cards of Northern Kentucky
here because they are already available on, what I consider, one of the best
postcard sites on the web. You will find a link at the bottom of this
page. As most of these
cards are from my own collection I am continually adding new ones so, if it has
been awhile since you looked at a section, you may want to check them out again. The ages of these cards range from
the early 1880's up to the present time. Everything is pretty basic, you click on the image to
bring up a larger view and use your back arrow to return.
The postcard view is now highly sought after by many institutions and individuals, as it serves as a historical record of the past. Be it the view of a town main street, the local church, school, roadside attraction or the countryside, the postcard mirrors the way our parents, grand-parents and even ourselves, once lived. Captured in these small hand held images are views of people in the dress of the day, often at work, at play, at school or at church, offering us a nostalgic look back in time.
People from the city spent their summers in the country, and others who traveled or went "visiting", all sent postcards back home. In almost every home could be found sitting on the living room table an album of these cards that were eagerly looked at whenever visitors would drop by. Even those that lived in towns and cities would send postcards to each other for in the early 1900's the postcard was the e-mail of the day.
Real photo postcards, in many cases, were taken by family members to preserve the families history for future generations. In many other instances real photo postcards were taken by professional photographers showing the results of disasters occurring where they lived. They also photographed important events, festivities, parades, and anything else that they felt future generations would want to see. The very popular Kodak camera in the early days had a small door on the back that could be opened, and using a metal stylus supplied, the photographer would pull a small white strip of tape off the image they had just taken and they would than be able to write a small message stating what the picture showed. Unfortunately many people using these cameras were not informed of this capability and thus many real photos we see today are not identified. The Personal Brownie Camera allowed only one copy of an image while the Kodak 1A camera allowed 6 or 12 copies to be made. These copies could be used as "contact" negatives to make more copies but the quality of the image was reduced. After WWII large volume rotary photo processing machines made RPPC images available in the 1000s per run.
There was literally nothing that could not be found on a postcard, with the possible exception of pornographic content, and I would not bet against that possibility. You have to understand that a great many cards were not stamped and mailed but were placed inside envelopes and mailed thus preserving the image from possible damage from canceling machines, it also allowed the sender to mail several cards using only one stamp. This practice also kept prying eyes from seeing what was on the card. This is why you will see postcards with messages on them but no stamp or Post Office cancellations.
Every card is a glimpse into places and eras long gone, yet these images have been preserved thanks to these little pieces of paper stock. Every card you see today is because someone, somewhere felt that it was special enough to be saved as a keepsake.
Up until 1952 it only cost 1 cent to send a postcard and the mail was delivered very quickly. In large cities mail was delivered 3 or more times a day! In many smaller towns, it was delivered twice a day.
Every once in awhile I get a real photo postcard that has not been identified except for some writing on the back that says Cincinnati. This ,of course, means very little as proof that it is, in fact, a Cincinnati card. Someone who is interested in selling the card can write anything they want on a card just to get rid of it. I have added a page for these cards in the hope that someone with more knowledge and information than I will be able to identify them. Any help would be greatly appreciated. A link to the page is HERE.
NORTHERN KY. VIEWS: A well laid out site with thousands of postcards and photographs. Covers many counties of Northern Kentucky.
NEWPORT POSTCARDS: Send an electronic card of some of Newport's postcards.
CINCINNATI LIBRARY: When you arrive click on the GREATER CINCINNATI MEMORY PROJECT LINK.
CINCINNATI TRANSIT: Loads of information about transportation related subjects of the area.
CINCINNATI RAILROADS: Extremely well laid out site on the railroads of Cincinnati.
CINCINNATI FIRE DEPT: Very informative site containing just about anything you would want to know about Cincinnati's finest.
KY'S KENTON COUNTY LIBRARY : 7,000 images some of them postcards. Another 8,000 to be added soon with +30,000 total eventually.
I usually have no objection to anyone using my scans as long as they use them for non-profit purposes, (and is not excessive) but please ask first. If you use them on another web site, at least give me the courtesy of mentioning this site. The Webmaster for this site is Don Prout. | <urn:uuid:1b9d8978-53cc-47c0-ac50-6a87696168b0> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://cincinnativiews.net/index.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368702448584/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516110728-00074-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.974199 | 1,242 | 1.515625 | 2 |
Have you heard of moringa tea? When I first learned of this tea, I couldn't believe how many health benefits it contains.
Among the many health and dietary benefits of moringa include promotion of a healthy circulatory system. It is an anti-inflammatory; it acts like an antioxidant; promotes energy, normal functioning of the liver and kidneys, and healthy cholesterol levels; nourishes the eyes and brain; increases natural defenses of the immune system; feeds the skin; helps with digestion; increases metabolism; strengthens cells; increases feelings of general wellness; and supports normal sugar levels.
Although we would typically use moringa as a tea, the leaves are so high in nutrients like A, C, calcium, potassium and protein that it is used to combat malnutrition in impoverished nations.
moringa is especially promising as a food source in the tropics because the tree is in full leaf at the end of the dry season when other foods are typically scarce.
Bangladesh uses a part of the moringa tree called drumsticks in curry dishes and dals. India, Cambodia, the Philippines and many other countries grow these special trees that provide a remarkable source of nutrition. moringa tea boosts energy for long periods of time and does not contain caffeine.
The leaves and flowers of the moringa tree are prepared in various ways and added to soups, omelets, salads, stir frys, curries and juices. moringa leaves are cooked and used like spinach.
Amino acids are required by
Essential amino acids cannot be made by the body and must be obtained from your diet. Most of these essential amino acids come from dairy or red meat.
As many parts of the world are lacking in these foods and vegans do not consume them at all, a tea that supplies these essential nutrients is a viable solution. moringa tea has 90-plus verifiable nutrients including vitamins B, D and E, antioxidants, many minerals and fiber, and is one of the highest naturally occurring sources of chlorophyll.
As we age, inflammtion becomes more prevalent. moringa tea contains 36 anti-inflammatories. Two weeks ago, this column discussed anti-aging suggestions. One of the best ways to slow the aging process is to take nutrients with powerful anti-inflammatory activity. Clinical studies have shown moringa produces anti-aging properties in humans.
moringa has been shown to minimize the symptoms of asthma by supporting the respiratory system. Other noted benefits of this amazing tea include helping in the recovery of muscles and tissues after a workout, reducing anxiety and depression, and regulating sleep in people who suffer from insomnia.
Besides the nutritional benefits, moringa can be used as a source of biofuel, can be used as a cooking oil and used in cosmetics and personal care products. As of this time, there doesn't appear to be any side effects of moringa and it can be safely enjoyed by children and adults.
Moringa tea can be easily found online. The only down side I have found is that it has a slight grassy taste. If this is offensive to you, add it to a tea that you like and the grassy taste will not be noticeable.
Dr. Linda Johnson is a naturopathic doctor based in Alamogordo. Contact her at 434-6400 or via email at firstname.lastname@example.org. | <urn:uuid:db66878c-04e4-4e92-a6f9-b4e349644a12> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.alamogordonews.com/alamogordo-columnists/ci_21324000/moringa-tea-promotes-good-health | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368702810651/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516111330-00033-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.943722 | 698 | 2.75 | 3 |
January 7, 2013 — Crisis pregnancy centers -- aided by new strategies, state funding and legislative support -- are playing an increasingly influential role in the movement to restrict abortion-rights, the New York Times reports.
CPCs are not women's health clinics, according to the Times. Rather, the centers -- which are primarily run by conservative Christians -- offer services such as no-cost pregnancy tests and ultrasounds, advice about adoption, Bible study, parenting classes and sometimes temporary housing. Abortion-rights advocates have long claimed that strategies employed by CPCs are deceptive and manipulative. Medical and other experts note that some dispense misinformation about abortion's risks, including its alleged correlation to breast cancer and mental health.
Nonetheless, CPCs in recent years have steadily expanded, now numbering about 2,500, compared with 1,800 abortion providers. As they multiply, clinics are adding on-call or on-site health care personnel, while also employing "sophisticated strategies" to attract women, according to the Times.
For instance, CPCs are utilizing Internet search optimization services to bolster the centers' visibility when individuals search online for abortion care. Some have stopped calling themselves "crisis pregnancy centers" because of the belief that the term "crisis" makes women feel like victims. Other CPCs have set up mobile units or locations near abortion clinics.
National pregnancy center organizations also have attempted to appeal to black and Hispanic women. Heartbeat International's Urban Initiative Web page reads, "O that the murderous effect of abortion in the Black and Latino communities, destroying tens of thousands at the hands of white abortionists, would explode with the same reprehensible reputation as lynching."
State Funding, Legislative Support
Currently, 13 states offer some type of direct financing to CPCs. For example, 27 offer "Choose Life" license plates, with the proceeds going directly to the centers. In 2011, Texas increased financing for the centers, reduced funding for family planning services by two-thirds and passed a measure requiring that abortion clinics provide women considering abortion with the names of centers 24 hours prior to performing an abortion. In South Dakota, a 2011 law, which Planned Parenthood is currently challenging, requires a woman to visit a CPC before an abortion.
Ordinances in Austin, Baltimore, New York City and San Francisco have sought to ensure that CPCs do not mislead women about the services they provide or their position on abortion. However, with the exception of San Francisco's, all laws have been blocked by courts or weakened after the centers claimed free speech violations. Lawsuits against "Choose Life" license plates also have largely floundered, with one court in North Carolina ruling that alternative views must be offered as well (Belluck, New York Times, 1/4).
Repro Health Watch — an exciting new edition of the Women’s Health Policy Report — compiles and distributes media coverage of proposed and enacted state laws and ballot initiatives affecting women's access to comprehensive reproductive health care, as well as litigation in response to those provisions. | <urn:uuid:4962080e-ed89-4fce-bed4-ff6518b01f6f> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.nationalpartnership.org/site/News2?page=NewsArticle&id=37318&security=3161&news_iv_ctrl=3242 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368703682988/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516112802-00071-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.943509 | 613 | 1.921875 | 2 |
The Adams–Onís Treaty 1819, also known as the Transcontinental Treaty or the Purchase of Florida, or the Florida Treaty, was a treaty between the United States and Spain in 1819 that gave Florida to the U.S. and set out a boundary between the U.S. and New Spain (now Mexico). It settled a standing border dispute between the two countries and was considered a triumph of American diplomacy. It came in the midst of increasing tensions related to Spain's territorial boundaries in North America vs. the United States and United Kingdom in the aftermath of the American Revolution; and also, during a period of weakening in Spanish power.
In addition to ceding Florida to the United States, the treaty settled (as between Spain and the national Government of the US) a boundary dispute along the Sabine River in Texas; it firmly established the boundary of U.S. territory and claims through the Rocky Mountains and west to the Pacific Ocean, in exchange for the U.S. paying residents' claims against the Spanish government up to a total of $5,000,000 and relinquishing the US claims on parts of Spanish Texas west of the Sabine River and other Spanish areas, under the terms of the Louisiana Purchase.
This latter territorial “settlement” was never accepted by American Southerners in general or Louisianans in particular. They later migrated from Louisiana territory and crossed into Spanish Texas (later the Mexican State of Texas)--firm in the belief that the original Louisiana Territory (which had been purchased nearly two decades earlier from France) included substantial tracts of land in what is now Colorado and New Mexico. They thought the western and northern borders of Texas should include what is now the eastern third of all New Mexico and the southeastern third of Colorado.
Spain's colonies
Spain had long rejected repeated American efforts to purchase Florida. But by 1818, Spain was facing a troubling colonial situation where the cession of Florida made sense. Spain had been exhausted by the Peninsular War in Europe and needed to rebuild its credibility and presence in its colonies. Revolutionaries in Central and South America were beginning to demand independence. Spain was unwilling to invest further in Florida, encroached on by American settlers, and it worried about the border between New Spain (a large area including today's Mexico, Central America, and other regions) and the United States. With almost no military or government presence in Florida, Spain was not able to restrain the Seminole warriors who routinely crossed the border and raided American villages and farms.
By 1819 Spain was forced to negotiate, as it was losing its hold on its American empire, with its western colonies primed to revolt. While fighting escaped African-American slaves, outlaws, and Native Americans in U.S.-controlled Georgia during the First Seminole War, Andrew Jackson had pursued them into Spanish Florida. He attacked and captured Spanish forts in Florida that he thought were assisting the raids into American territory (and made the US stronger in the area.)
To stop the Seminole Indians based in East Florida from raiding Georgia settlements and offering havens for runaway slaves, U.S. Army led increasingly frequent incursions into Spanish territory. This included the 1817–1818 campaign by Andrew Jackson that became known as the First Seminole War, after which the US effectively controlled East Florida. Secretary of State John Quincy Adams said the US had to take control because Florida had become "a derelict open to the occupancy of every enemy, civilized or savage, of the United States, and serving no other earthly purpose than as a post of annoyance to them.". Spain asked for British intervention, but London declined to assist Spain in the negotiations. Some of President James Monroe's cabinet demanded Jackson's immediate dismissal for invading Florida, but Adams realized that his success had given the U.S. a favorable diplomatic position. Adams was able to negotiate very favorable terms.
Florida had become a burden to Spain, which could not afford to send settlers or garrisons. Madrid decided to cede the territory to the United States through the Adams–Onís Treaty.
Spain and the United States had disagreed over the boundaries of the territory of the Louisiana Purchase of 1803. Spain considered it to comprise only the west bank of the Mississippi River and the city of New Orleans. The United States claimed that the land they bought extended to the Summit of the Rocky Mountains. Eventually the U.S. conceded to claim only as far west as the Sabine River, but Spain insisted upon the Arroyo Hondo boundary; the disputed region was known as Neutral Ground.
Details of the treaty
The treaty was signed at Washington, February 22, 1819, by John Quincy Adams, secretary of state, and Luis de Onís, Spanish minister. Ratification was postponed for two years, because Spain wanted to use the treaty as an incentive to keep the United States from giving diplomatic support to the revolutionaries in South America. As soon as the treaty was signed, the U.S. Senate ratified unanimously; because of Spain's stalling, a new ratification was necessary and this time there were objections. Henry Clay and other Western spokesmen demanded that Spain also give up Texas. This proposal was defeated by the Senate, which ratified the treaty a second time on February 19, 1821. Ratifications were exchanged three days later and the treaty was proclaimed on February 22, 1821, two years after the signing.
The Treaty closed the first era of United States expansion by providing for the cession of East Florida, the abandonment of the controversy over West Florida (a portion of which had been seized by the United States), and defining a boundary with the Spanish province of Mexico that clearly made Texas a part of Mexico, thus ending the vagueness of the boundary of the Louisiana Purchase. Spain also ceded to the United States its claims to the Oregon Country.
The U.S. did not pay Spain for Florida but did agree to pay the legal claims of American citizens against Spain, to a maximum of $5 million. Pinckney's Treaty of 1795 between the U.S. and Spain was to remain in force. Spanish goods received certain tariff privileges in Florida ports.
The Adams–Onís Treaty settled the dispute by defining borders more precisely, roughly granting Florida and Louisiana to the U.S. while giving to Spain everything west of Louisiana from Texas to California. The new boundary was to be the Sabine River north from the Gulf of Mexico to the 32nd parallel north, then due north to the Red River, west along the Red River to the 100th meridian west, due north to the Arkansas River, west to its headwaters, north to the 42nd parallel north, and finally west along that parallel to the Pacific Ocean. Informally this has been called the "Step Boundary", although the step-like shape of the boundary was not apparent for several decades—the source of the Arkansas, believed to be near the 42nd parallel, was not known until John C. Frémont located it in the 1840s, hundreds of miles south of the 42nd parallel.
The claims of Spain on the Oregon Country dated to the papal bull of 1493, which had granted to Spain the rights to colonize the western coast of North America, and to the explorer Vasco Núñez de Balboa in 1513, who claimed all the "South Sea" (the entire Pacific Ocean) and the lands adjoining the Pacific Ocean for the Spanish Crown. To solidify these 250-year-old claims, in the late 18th century Spain established a military and trading outpost in today's British Columbia and performed "acts of sovereignty" in Alaska. As a result of the Adams–Onís Treaty, the United States acquired the claims of Spain to the Oregon Country north of the 42nd parallel.
For the United States, this treaty (and the Treaty of 1818 with Britain agreeing to joint occupancy of Oregon Country) meant that its claimed territory now extended far west from the Mississippi to the Pacific Ocean. For Spain, it meant that it kept its colonies in Texas and also kept a buffer zone between its colonies in California and New Mexico and the U.S. territories. Historians consider the treaty to be a great achievement for the U.S., as time validated Adams's vision that it would allow the U.S. to open trade with the Orient across the Pacific.
Washington set up a commission, 1821 to 1824, that handled American claims against Spain. Many notable lawyers, including Daniel Webster and William Wirt, represented claimants before the commission. During its term, the commission examined 1,859 claims arising from over 720 spoliation incidents, and distributed the $5 million in a basically fair manner. The treaty reduced tensions with Spain (and after 1821 Mexico), and allowed budget cutters in Congress to reduce the army budget and reject the plans to modernize and expand the army proposed by Secretary of War John C. Calhoun.
The treaty was honored by both sides, although inaccurate maps from the treaty meant that the boundary between Texas and Oklahoma remained unclear for most of the 19th century. The American boundary was expanded in 1848 by the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo with Mexico.
Later developments
The treaty was ratified by Spain in 1820, and by the United States in 1821 (during the time that Spain and Mexico were engaged in the prolonged Mexican War of Independence). Spain finally recognized the independence of Mexico with the Treaty of Córdoba signed on August 24, 1821. While Mexico was not initially a party to the treaty, in 1831 Mexico ratified the treaty.
By the mid-1830s, a controversy developed regarding the border with Texas, during which the United States demonstrated that the Sabine and Neches rivers had been switched on maps, moving the frontier in favor of Mexico. As a consequence, the eastern boundary of Texas was not firmly established until the independence of the Republic of Texas in 1836. It was not agreed upon by the United States and Mexico until the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo in 1848, which concluded the Mexican-American War. The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo formalized the cession by Mexico of Alta California and today's American Southwest, except for the territory of the later Gadsden Purchase of 1854.
Another dispute occurred after Texas joined the Union. The treaty stated that the boundary between the French claims on the north and the Spanish claims on the south was Rio Roxo de Natchitoches (Red River) until it reached the 100th meridian, as noted on the John Melish map of 1818. But, the 100th meridian on the Melish map was marked some 90 miles east of the true 100th meridian, and the Red River forked about 50 miles east of the 100th meridian. Texas claimed the land south of the North Fork, and the United States claimed the land north of the South Fork (later called the Prairie Dog Town Fork Red River). In 1860 Texas organized the area as Greer County. The matter was not settled until a United States Supreme Court ruling in 1896 upheld federal claims to the territory, after which it was added to the Oklahoma Territory.
See also
- formally titled the "Treaty of Amity, Settlement, and Limits Between the United States of America and His Catholic Majesty"
- Britannica Online entry "Transcontinental Treaty
- [http://nosracines.ca/page.aspx?id=786038&qryID=fdd28732-abe2-4ce9-98e4-195d198530be A History of British Columbia, p. 90, E.O.S. Scholefield, British Columbia Historical Association, Vancouver, British Columbia 1913]
- William E. Weeks, John Quincy Adams and American Global Empire (Lexington: University Press of Kentucky, 2002), 170-175.
- Weeks (2002)
- Alexander Deconde, A History of American Foreign Policy (1963) p. 127
- Weeks (2002)
- Hämäläinen, Pekka (2008), The Comanche Empire, New Haven: Yale University Press, p. 156, ISBN 978-0-300-12654-9.
- Deconde, History of American Foreign Policy, p 128
- The U.S. commission established to adjudicate claims considered some 1800 claims and agreed that they were worth $5,454,545.13. Since the treaty limited the payment of claims to $5 million, the commission reduced the amount paid out proportionately by 8⅓ percent.
- Brooks (1939)
- Howard Jones, Crucible of Power: A History of American Foreign Relations to 1913 (2009), p. 112
- Cash, Peter Arnold (1999), "The Adams-Onís Treaty Claims Commission: Spoliation and Diplomacy, 1795-1824", DAI (PhD dissertation U. of Memphis 1998) 59 (9): 3611–A. DA9905078 Fulltext: ProQuest Dissertations & Theses.
- The Border: Adams-Onís Treaty, PBS
- Brooks (1939) ch 6
This article incorporates material from the Citizendium article "Adams–Onís Treaty", which is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License but not under the GFDL.
Further reading
- Bailey, Hugh C. (1956), "Alabama's Political Leaders and the Acquisition of Florida", Florida Historical Quarterly 35 (1): 17–29, ISSN 0015-4113.
- Bemis, Samuel Flagg (1949), John Quincy Adams and the Foundations of American Foreign Policy, New York: A. A. Knopf, the standard history.
- Brooks, Philip Coolidge. Diplomacy and the borderlands: the Adams-Onís treaty of 1819 (1939)
- Weeks, William E. (1992), John Quincy Adams and American Global Empire, Lexington: University Press of Kentucky, ISBN 0-8131-9058-4. | <urn:uuid:8b968228-048f-456d-8254-3479a237ded1> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adams-Onis_Treaty | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368706890813/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516122130-00015-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.960241 | 2,894 | 3.890625 | 4 |
Kids for peace.
This seems like a novel concept, especially since it’s the kids that grow up that cause the wars, the violence, and the destruction.
What happens between 8 and 18, or 12 and 22 that makes people believe that the only way to solve a problem is to destroy, hurt, or decimate?
I asked a 3 year old why they wante4d to hurt someone and they said, I don’t ever want to hurt someone. I asked a 5 year old to tell me why they wanted to hurt someone and they told me because they hurt him. I asked a 14 year old why they wanted to hurt someone and they told me because they hurt him. I asked a 20 year old why they wanted to hurt someone and they told me because they hurt him and they deserved it. (An interesting increase in violence. The person who is getting hurt deserved the violence because of what they did. Suddenly, the 20 year old is dooling out consequences much like a parent. Wait…didn’t they just become an “adult”..probably not a coincidence.) I asked a 38 year old why they wanted to hurt someone and they told me because they needed to be taught that this isn’t ok. (Still as a role of parent and teacher now.) I asked a 50 year old why they wanted to hurt someone and they told me because they weren’t going to let them get away with this. (Now there’s the fear that this act of negativity won’t go unpunished, a nd that is a big fear that makes people take matters into their own hands.) I asked a 70,82,88,and 91 year old why they wanted to hurt someone that hurt themk and they told me: they don’t. They explained that violence isn’t the answer. So it seems we come full circle….at the beggingin and end of life, we don’t think violence is necessary at all.
Pablo Picasso, the great artist, walked through a kindergarten art display and stood in amazement. When someone asked the great master what he thought he said, “I’ve tried all my life to draw and create art exactly like they do.”
This is a major comment to the innocence and beauty of a child’s mind. They see the world as a very simple place.
There are things you shouldn’t do:hit, hurt, steal, be mean.
There are things that you should do: be kind, congratulate, be happy, have fun.
The adults come over and tell them that the world is much more complicated than that….is it?
This website is dedicated to kids ending violence, isn’t that what we are all wanting?
Chad Herman - Motivatingforpositivechange.com | <urn:uuid:f7365d3c-f02e-4bc8-bd3a-76a3216eaf0b> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://largo.patch.com/blog_posts/kids-striving-for-peace | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368706890813/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516122130-00010-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.974882 | 594 | 2.078125 | 2 |
Hazrat Azad Rasool
Shaykh Ahmed Abdur Rashid’s teacher, Hazrat Rasool, 1921-2006 (may Allah protect his secrets) received the consent from his Shaykh, Maulana Mohammad Saeed Khan (may Allah’s blessings be upon him),to established the Institute for Search of Truth in New Delhi to serve the needs of Westerners who wish to pursue the Sufic path.
The Institute emphasizes the teachings and practices of the Naqshbandiyya-Mujaddadiyya Order. Branches of the Institute (under the name “School of Sufi Teaching”) are currently active in the United Kingdom, the United States, Australia, Poland, and other countries.
Hazrat’s is the author of Turning Toward the Heart: Awakening to the Sufi Way(Forty Questions and Answers). He also published several tracts in Urdu, including two booklets on the lives of earlier Shaykhs of his line: The Biography of Shaykh ul-Tariqat Hazrat Hamid Hasan Al-Alawi and The Biography of Hazrat Syyed Abdul Bari Shah, both by Hazrat’s Shaykh, Shaykh ul-Tariqat Hazrat Mohammed Saeed Khan. | <urn:uuid:45ced986-cc52-4920-8938-c24785921eb3> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://circlegroup.org/about-us/hazrat-azad-rasool/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368704713110/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516114513-00049-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.913647 | 269 | 1.539063 | 2 |
BATEMAN, REGINALD JOHN GODFREY, professor and army officer; b. 12 Oct. 1883 in Listowel (Republic of Ireland), son of Dr Godfrey Bateman and Frances Emily —; d. unmarried 3 Sept. 1918 near Dury, France.
Reginald Bateman received a ba from Trinity College, Dublin, in 1906, having received awards in English, French, and modern history. In 1909 he was hired at the University of Saskatchewan in Saskatoon as its first professor of English, and one of the first four professors at the new university. He enlisted as a private in the 28th Infantry Battalion on 26 Oct. 1914, and after eleven months in training he served six months in the area around Ypres (Ieper), Belgium. He then was invited by Walter Charles Murray*, president of the University of Saskatchewan, to take command of the Saskatchewan Company of the 196th (Western Universities) Infantry Battalion, spent the summer and fall of 1916 in Canada, wrote his officer’s exams, and became a major. Once in England the 196th was broken up. Bateman reverted from major to lieutenant so that he could see action again, and was posted to the 46th Infantry Battalion, arriving at the front in June 1917. In the advance on Lens in August he was wounded at Aconite Trench but he returned to the front that winter. He was an acting captain when he was killed on 3 Sept. 1918 near Dury, during the assault on the Drocourt-Quéant Line, by a shell dropping at the entrance to battalion headquarters.
In 1922 the University of Saskatchewan brought out a memorial volume in Bateman’s honour, Reginald Bateman, teacher and soldier. The volume makes clear the kind of man and mind that went to war in 1914. He was an idealist as a teacher. “It is by Art and Art alone,” he believed, “that Humanity progresses; progress in Science or in mere knowledge does not necessarily mean progress in any of those things in which Man stands supreme above the rest of creation, those spiritual qualities which raise him to the level of the Divine.” The students he valued were those who could move in such rarefied air. Of all those he might teach (Bateman taught 220 students in 1914), if a teacher inspired “even a single individual with a true desire for culture, his existence for that year is fully justified.”
Bateman went to war as an idealist too. On 25 Oct. 1914 he addressed the Young Men’s Christian Association at the university in a speech that was more extreme than any other pro-war speech delivered to Saskatoon from platform or pulpit in the war years. War, he said, “is the one supreme, the only entirely adequate test of a nation’s spiritual quality,” and by punishing “national depravity” war is “the chief stimulus in the progress of mankind.” What is true of the nation is true of individuals: “Is it not far better that they should feel a thrill of patriotism at the rude touch of war, and die striking a blow for freedom, than that they should live to a dishonoured old age, seeking beggarly gain?” War alone, said Bateman, keeps fully alive such virtues as courage, self-sacrifice, and honour, while a world without war would be “enjoyed by a spineless and emasculated race of beings.”
Bateman followed his own beliefs and twice chose a lower rank so that he could go to war, once in 1917 but also in the winter of 1914–15. He had taken the officers’ training course at Winnipeg, passed one examination, but refused to take the final because he would have had to resign from the 28th. “He preferred to . . . not lose his chance of getting to the front at the earliest possible date.”
When Bateman returned to Saskatoon after his first tour of duty at the front, he was a different man, his idealism tempered by reality. He spoke well of the enemy, and summed up trench life as “days of unendurable monotony and moments of indescribable fear.” He added two other aspects of war to that statement – the picturesque (he describes a night in the trenches) and the comic, where the breaking of a rum jar was a greater calamity to the men than their trench being shelled, and he listened happily to creative cursing. He had heard a ration party going to the front at night, “wading through mud, plunging into holes, falling over broken trench mats, and I have heard with great pleasure the flow of language; it was immense, nothing like it is to be heard from any other troops in the world’s history.” The idealistic professor had found the common touch, though with his customary hyperbole.
He was apparently well thought of as an officer. That he should command the University of Saskatchewan company was “a very strong desire” of students. The authors of The suicide battalion say that he was “considered one of the most popular officers in the 46th.” He was much honoured at the university, by the book but also by a scholarship in his name and by the Bateman professorship of English.
Reginald Bateman was in his life and writings a serious man. He had another side to him. While sitting his officer’s examinations at Winnipeg so that he could take command of the Saskatchewan Company, Bateman received a new uniform. “I have just received my uniform. It is a trifle loud. It is downstairs but I can still hear it calling me. I have posted a picket over it to prevent its escape, until the cleaning man arrives to take it in charge. I think it will go quietly.”
Reginald Bateman, teacher and soldier: a memorial volume of selections from his lectures and other writings was published in London in 1922. Bateman’s lecture notes are preserved in the Bateman fonds at the Univ. of Sask. Arch. (Saskatoon), MG 5.
NA, RG 150, Acc. 1992–93/166. Univ. of Sask. Arch., RG 1, ser.1 (presidential papers, W. C. Murray), 18, file B.8 (applications and appointments); 60, file B.124 (Western Universities Battalion: organization). “Memorial service for Capt. Reginald J. G. Bateman,” 13 Oct. 1918 (copy in the contributor’s possession). J. L. McWilliams and R. J. Steel, The suicide battalion (Edmonton, 1978). | <urn:uuid:c5086a23-4a5a-4578-aa14-722087127de6> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.biographi.ca/009004-119.01-e.php?id_nbr=7190 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368706153698/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516120913-00017-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.978619 | 1,409 | 2.328125 | 2 |
A York MPP has released data on gas-and-dash facts to help boost support for pre-payment at gasoline stations in light of a Shell employee’s death in the community in September.
Eglinton-Lawrence MPP Mike Colle released data on pre-payment statistics in other parts of Canada and the United States, along with the number of gas-and-dash thefts in Toronto and GTA. According to statistics released by Colle, pre-payment has virtually eliminated gas-and-dash thefts in British Columbia, and Saskatchewan is also looking into pre-payment.
Many U.S. municipalities have passed ordinances enacting pre-payment laws, and 27 states have passed legislation authorizing suspension of driver’s licences for people convicted of stealing gas. In September, Colle introduced a private member’s bill, “Jayesh’s Law”, to help curb gas thefts days after Jayesh Prajapati, 44, was hit and dragged at the Shell station at Marlee and Roselawn avenues Sept. 15 by a driver who allegedly fled after filling up $112.85 in gas and not paying.
The bill calls for pre-payment of gas before pumping and the suspension of driver’s licences for those convicted of gas theft. “Our office is trying to track down how many incidents have occurred across Toronto and surrounding areas,” Colle said. “It’s a bigger problem than just the number reported. Halton doesn’t keep a record at all and the OPP just started. The message we are trying to get across to people is it’s a very dangerous act and endangers the life of the attendant or people pumping gas. We are trying to remind people how wide-spread this criminal activity is and to keep an eye out for this type of thing. We want to keep gas-and-dash in the public’s eye. These people get away with murder.”
Colle said it takes about a year to get laws changed and he’s not giving up his fight to make gas pre-payment mandatory.
“I’m not letting go of this thing,” he said. “We owe it to the families of these workers who serve us. Gas stations shouldn’t be high-risk places of work.”
Police are looking for Max Edwin Tutiven, 39, of Toronto, who is wanted for second-degree murder in Prajapati’s death.
Reported gas theft incidents in the GTA in 2012 to date:
• Toronto - 1,087 (to September).
• York Region - 916 (to December)
• Peel Region - 507 (from December 2011).
• Durham Region - 211 (to December).
• Halton Region - statistics not available.
- Statistics provided by the individual police service to Eglinton-Lawrence MPP Mike Colle | <urn:uuid:aeb4d0fb-a180-4858-9df6-53f13d474b81> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.insidetoronto.com/news-story/1487532-gas-and-dash-data-supports-need-for-pre-payment-law-colle/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368696381249/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516092621-00054-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.951955 | 612 | 1.578125 | 2 |
This will be in addition to the investigations by both state and federal mining officials.
The heart of the investigation will be — and should be — why a mine with so many past violations regarding venting methane gas and allowing combustible coal dust to accumulate was allowed to remain open. Since new regulations were put into place following the Sago mine disaster in 2006, Massey Energy Co. — which operates Upper Big Branch — repeatedly has appealed citations, thus allowing mines to stay open.
While MSHA officials say Upper Big Branch had reduced its number of citations by 60 percent, officials noted the mine should have received a warning letter in October concerning its potential pattern of safety violations. However, a computer program that screens for these patterns failed to include eight citations that would have triggered the warning.
It is not at all uncommon for state and federal mine inspectors to hand out citations for failures to abide by safety regulations. Many times the infractions are relatively minor and are corrected expeditiously. However, the number of serious violations at Upper Big Branch is disturbing.
At both the state and federal levels, the Upper Big Branch mine’s record on methane gas violations should be investigated. The question that needs to be answered is simple: Did the company’s lapses contribute to the explosion that killed the 29 miners?
Coal mines are more dangerous than most workplaces. For that reason, extraordinary steps are taken to minimize the hazards miners face. While it is impossible to make coal mines completely free of accidents, safety inspectors need the authority to ensure mines are operating as safely as possible. Many thought this would be the legacy of Sago.
‘‘Right now, we need to make sure that the rules are being complied with,’’ Gov. Manchin told The Associated Press. ‘‘I can’t sit back and assume anymore.’’
(Distributed) The Associated Press | <urn:uuid:4b4297aa-a9c3-4d80-8a52-f105a7e6500a> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.loganbanner.com/view/full_story/7155755/article-Upper-Big-Branch-mine-explosion-investigation | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368701459211/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516105059-00007-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.971682 | 391 | 2.671875 | 3 |
Edward Ball is the author of Slaves in the Family, which won the National Book Award for Nonfiction in 1998. Mr. Ball’s latest book is the subject of this review-by-proxy (I haven’t read it myself, so I’ll be sharing what others have said).
The new book, The Genetic Strand: Exploring a Family History Through DNA, is reported to “intrigue America’s many amateur genealogists and also serve as a cautionary tale.” The book follows Ball’s journey through his family’s genetic genealogy after he discovers locks of hair in an old family desk.
Megan Smolenyak reviewed the book over a week ago at Megan’s Roots World with “The Genetic Strand: Slightly Disappointing.” Megan’s review brings up a number of points, including Ball’s failure to provide some essential information (like his family tree). One of the most interesting critiques, which was also criticized by a review in the New York Post, surrounds the following paragraph:
“Genealogy, a search for family history, is practiced by millions of middle-aged and middle class Americans, for whom it has traditionally been a way to snatch a bit of glory or a helping of a fantasy from the past. It is, after all, the little activities, visiting libraries and surfing Web sites, that allow one to acquire “good genes.” Most people who do family research are white, and most of them look for ancestors with the goal to unearth the whitest, most moneyed forebears they can. That is one definition of good genes.”
That is quite an assertion to make, and one that I have a very difficult time believing. I recommend reading Megan’s review (here), the New York Post review (here), Entertainment Weekly’s review (here), and the Genealogue’s take (here). Megan even suggests another book about genetic genealogy which she found to be very enjoyable. I guess I some reading to do! | <urn:uuid:a1cc2726-a0c3-4b0a-a842-5b9bf6b09328> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.thegeneticgenealogist.com/2007/11/16/a-genetic-genealogy-book-review/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368711005985/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516133005-00070-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.948978 | 436 | 1.898438 | 2 |
May 8, 2012 Though they evolved separately over millions of years in different worlds of darkness, bats and toothed whales use surprisingly similar acoustic behavior to locate, track, and capture prey using echolocation, the biological equivalent of sonar. Now a team of Danish researchers has shown that the acoustic behavior of these two types of animals while hunting is eerily similar. The findings were made possible by a new type of whale tag that allows scientists, for the first time, to track whales' foraging behavior in the wild.
The researchers will present their results at the Acoustics 2012 meeting in Hong Kong, May 13-18, a joint meeting of the Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Acoustical Society of China, Western Pacific Acoustics Conference, and the Hong Kong Institute of Acoustics.
Bats and toothed whales (which include dolphins and porpoises) had many opportunities to evolve echolocation techniques that differ from each other, since their nearest common ancestor was incapable of echolocation. Nevertheless -- as scientists have known for years -- bats and toothed whales rely on the same range of ultrasonic frequencies, between 15 to 200 kilohertz, to hunt their prey. (For comparison, the human hearing range is between 20 hertz to 20 kilohertz.) This overlap in frequencies is surprising because sound travels about five times faster in water than in air, giving toothed whales an order of magnitude more time than bats to make a choice about whether to intercept a potential meal.
Now, thanks to new technology that records what a whale hears as well as how it moves in the wild, Peter Teglberg Madsen of Aarhus University in Denmark and Annemarie Surlykke of the University of Southern Denmark have uncovered more similarities in the animals' acoustic tactics.
Bats increase the number of calls per second (what researchers call a "buzz rate") while in pursuit of prey. Whales were thought to maintain a steady rate of calls or clicks no matter how far they were from a target. But the new research shows that wild whales also increase their rate of calls or clicks during a kill -- and that whales' buzz rates are nearly identical to that of bats, at about 500 calls or clicks per second.
"On a purely physical basis, you would predict that whales and bats would operate at different [echolocation] rates and frequencies," Madsen says. "But instead, they operate at the same rates and frequencies." The similarities support the idea that the acoustic behavior of bats and whales may be defined by the auditory processing limitations of the mammalian brain.
Until now, Madsen continues, "it was not known how [a whale] would coordinate its acoustic behavior" in the wild to intercept its prey.
To track whales' hunting behavior in the wild, researchers relied on a new device called the DTAG, which was developed by electrical engineer Mark Johnson at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution in Woods Hole, Mass. The DTAG attaches to a whale's skin via suction cup and records ultrasonic frequencies (allowing scientists to analyze what a whale hears) as well as inertia and pressure readings (which allow scientists to reconstruct a whale's movements in the water in three dimensions).
By making it possible for scientists to track whales' foraging behavior in more detail, the new tags will also help conservationists to assess environmental impacts on whales' behavior, Madsen says.
Other social bookmarking and sharing tools:
Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead. | <urn:uuid:cddf1b98-22f1-4d64-8a85-68682b842796> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120508151958.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368700958435/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516104238-00062-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.950357 | 734 | 4.03125 | 4 |
What would it have been like to share a garage back in the day with Steve Jobs (News - Alert) and Steve Wozniak? Soon, a group of cleantech pathfinders and rising stars will share a multi-use space in New York City, receiving services and support to help them grow their start-up companies. (And no, this is not a reality show.)
On January 23, the New York City Economic Development Corporation (NYCEDC) unveiled a Request for Proposals seeking an organization to implement and operate the NYC Clean Technology Entrepreneur Center. To help further diversify New York City's economy, NYCEDC will partner with an operator to facilitate the growth of the clean technology and energy sectors by assisting entrepreneurs and companies with the challenges they face in starting and growing early-stage businesses in New York City.
The center will concentrate resources and provide a focal point for the industry by creating a multi-use space combining business acceleration, product demonstration and educational programming tailored to the industry’s unique needs.
"The NYC Clean Technology Entrepreneur Center represents another important step forward for the [New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg (News - Alert)] Administration's efforts to diversify the city's economy," said NYCEDC President Seth W. Pinsky, in a statement. "Once complete, this center will build upon exciting advances in clean technology—assisting entrepreneurs and businesses to overcome the challenges they will inevitably face and ensuring that this emerging sector continues to grow and thrive in New York in the future."
While clean technology has historically been dominated by capital-intensive, manufacturing-led segments, technology and market trends are creating a new segment of the market. Green 2.0 represents digitally-enabled products and services that use information, data and technology to address environmental, energy and resource constraints. Leveraging the City's leadership in software, finance, analytics and media, the center will support the growth of next-generation clean technology businesses, helping make New York City a leader within this fast growing segment.
NYCEDC is seeking an operator that has an existing entrepreneurship network, as well as proven business development success. While the location of the center will be identified and leased by the operator, it is envisioned that it will have approximately 10,000 square feet of space devoted to:
§ Business acceleration: Providing affordable, flexible workspace and mentorship to emerging companies
§ Demonstration: Testing and showcasing products and services (in an adjacent space)
§ Education: Offering programming for accelerator users and the broader community (again, in a co-located or adjacent space).
Sites located in proximity to potential customers, investors and other members of the clean technology community are preferred. Additional criteria include flexibility of space, accessibility to transportation options, and cost and suitability of lease terms. Green building characteristics such as energy efficiency and/or LEED certifications are welcome.
The NYC Clean Technology Entrepreneur Center is a component of Green NYC 2025, NYCEDC’s ongoing initiative to identify opportunities in the rapidly emerging green sector, as well as the challenges the city faces for future growth.
For a copy of the RFP, click here. Responses are due on Friday, February 22, 2013, with selection expected in spring 2013. | <urn:uuid:e9c5b397-00b2-4d02-ab6f-155aa9deae5b> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://green.tmcnet.com/topics/green/articles/2013/01/24/324183-new-york-city-seeks-operator-mentor-kibitzer-cleantech.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368699273641/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516101433-00067-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.932381 | 668 | 1.625 | 2 |
"Really fine characters and a good plot"
Edgar Allan Poe is unable to feed his family on the
wages he makes as a journalist/editor in Philadelphia. He
relocates, with his family, to New York City where writing
opportunities are much better. When he sees a handbill for
the P.T. Barnum's American Circus, Edgar turns irate
because he knows that at least one falsehood exists on the
handbill he was given. He confronts Barnum, but obtains
nothing but blarney from the glib talker.
Barnum is very impressed with Poe and visits the writer
in his home when the media blames Barnum's American circus
for causing a murder to happen. Poe who has solved murders
before (SEE NEVERMORE) agrees to investigate. When the
victim's missing arm is mailed to Poe's home, he concludes
he is on the correct path and if he can stay alive long
enough he will solve the case.
Poe is clearly the star of this book as he uses his
belief in his superior brain power to slice and dice
everyone using self-deprecation so nobody will be
offended. THE HUMBUG is a serious historical mystery
though Barnum lightens up the atmosphere with his unique
brand of showmanship. Though a nineteenth century who-done-
it, mystery lovers of all sub-genre persuasions will enjoy
Harold Schecter's tale.
Reviewed by PNR Group Member
Posted September 27, 2001 | <urn:uuid:ea0b596d-ba5b-4869-bab5-7b2d8ad44cac> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.paranormalromance.org/reviews/review.php?id=1682 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368705953421/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516120553-00029-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.955021 | 322 | 1.71875 | 2 |
News Releases > CHILDHOOD IMMUNIZATIONS WILL REMAIN UNINTERRUPTED
CONTACT: Amy Bukarica
July 1, 2011
INDIANAPOLIS—Children around the state will be allowed to continue receiving immunizations from their local health department whether they are covered by insurance or not, the Indiana State Department of Health announced Friday.
Earlier this year, the State Health Department provided local health departments with guidelines for the use of publicly funded vaccines, advising them to provide those vaccines only to underinsured and uninsured individuals beginning July 1, 2011. The guidelines were intended to help assure that publicly funded vaccines remained available for uninsured individuals throughout the year and to comply with the strict guidelines for the use of publicly funded vaccines set forth by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
The State Health Department announced Friday that it will delay those guidelines from July 1, 2011 to January 1, 2012. The delay is intended to help local health departments with the summer “back-to-school” immunization push so children will be able to meet school entry requirements.
“In many counties, local health departments are the primary provider of all immunizations regardless of an individual’s insurance status,” said State Health Commissioner Gregory Larkin, M.D. “This delay ensures that a process will be in place which allows ready access to immunizations for all individuals while assuring appropriate use of funding sources.”
The CDC provides Indiana with $90 million annually to provide free vaccinations to children through age 18 who are Medicaid-eligible, Alaska Native, American Indian, uninsured, or who have private insurance that does not cover vaccinations (underinsured). The State has a supplemental fund of $11 million to cover vaccinations for underinsured children, an account which had dwindled down to $120 at the end of the last fiscal year.
Beginning in November, the State Health Department will provide implementation instructions to local health departments to assist with appropriate use of publicly funded and privately purchased vaccine supplies.
“We are currently reviewing various solutions that will support the dedicated efforts of local health departments to deliver immunizations across the communities they support, including both uninsured and insured individuals,” said Dr. Larkin.
State funds will continue to cover the cost of vaccinations for insured children until January of 2012.
For information on how to contact your local health department, please visit the Indiana State Department of Health at http://www.state.in.us/isdh/24822.htm. | <urn:uuid:cea6ab3c-9dac-4599-b912-e9da651d2340> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.allencountyhealth.com/news/content/news_releases.html?ID=news_releases1309868580 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368699273641/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516101433-00072-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.9459 | 514 | 1.710938 | 2 |
If you’re crazy about history and you’re looking for a degree that allows you the flexibility to focus on the areas of history you’re most passionate about, then Michigan Tech is a smart choice! Known for its strength in the history of technology, the program has a comprehensive supporting liberal arts foundation and offers research opportunities that will grant you the freedom to focus on a wide variety of topics.
What You Need to Know About This Program
- The history curriculum is very flexible and adaptable to your needs and interests. You can focus your studies on particular fields such as European history, American history, industrial archaeology and history, or the history of technology.
- The small size of the program allows for personal attention and advising. Department faculty are always willing to undertake independent study projects with students.
- All history majors can participate in the field school, where undergraduates work alongside faculty and graduate students.
- You can get involved with Michigan Tech’s innovative Enterprise program by participating in teams with projects focusing on the restoration and renovation of historic buildings.
Studying history at a technological university might sound crazy, but when you see the degree requirements—especially in terms of the number of electives—you’ll find that the program resembles those at many liberal arts colleges. Bonus: the technological focus will give you an advantage in your future career.
Graduates of the history program have gone on to professional careers in teaching, law, ministry, business, governmental administration, journalism, archival and museum work, and historical preservation. | <urn:uuid:def119dd-e7c8-4ba2-8cb1-4ec1e5f8c451> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.mtu.edu/admissions/programs/majors/history/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368704713110/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516114513-00012-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.926272 | 316 | 2.046875 | 2 |
Bought to you by Mother & Baby
While your mother might have been told that they were an inevitable result of being pregnant, there's a lot you can do to prevent varicose veins.
What causes them?
Varicose veins are swollen veins just beneath the skin, and they're usually found on the legs. The veins in your legs have special valves that help blood return up your legs, back to your heart. If these valves become weakened, blood starts to collect in them, they become larger than normal and end up looking like a tangle of blue wires on your leg.
Other ways of detecting varicose veins may include thread or spider veins, discoloured skin, aching or restless legs and swollen ankles. Some people find the skin over the veins becomes itchy, too. Varicose veins often become more common with age, when the walls of your veins can lose their elasticity making them balloon out.
Who's at risk?
Varicose veins are an inherited trait, so if one of your parents has them, it's worth taking extra care of your legs. Another big risk factor is pregnancy. This is because pregnancy hormones, particularly progesterone, make the walls of your blood vessels relax so that blood is more likely to collect in the veins in your legs. The extra weight caused by your growing baby and the increased blood volume you gain during pregnancy don't help much either.
If varicose veins should develop during pregnancy, they should not be considered for surgical treatment until after the baby has been born. If you have large varicose veins, surgery to remove the veins may be needed. This is sometimes known as 'stripping'.
With small varicose veins, a few self-help remedies may be all you need to ease the discomfort. Remedies include: | <urn:uuid:14c2aded-80a2-445a-8d42-3b8860e85f5a> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://health.ninemsn.com.au/pregnancy/trimesters/1066912/beat-varicose-veins | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368703298047/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516112138-00027-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.969728 | 374 | 2.671875 | 3 |
Address: Trebnje 8210 Trebnje
Phone: ++386 7 304 40 01
The church dedicated to the Assumption of Mary is situated in the centre of Trebnje and has a copper bell tower, which can be recognised from afar due to its green colour. The current Late Gothic church with three naves and six octagonal pillars from 1443 is built on the site of an older church. It is decorated with a late Baroque presbytery with a fresco of the Assumption of Mary by the Slovenian painter Matevž Langus and built into the hall is a Roman relief of three busts.
In 2012, for the 5th anniversary of the death of the honorary citizen of the Municipality of Trebnje, the Archbishop and Metropolitan of Ljubjana, Dr Alojzij Šuštar, a monument to Dr Alojzij Šuštar was revealed on the south side of the Assumption of Mary Church. He was born in 1920 in the village of Grmada at Trebnje and worked all his life for the improvement of relations between the church and state. With his international reputation he contributed greatly to the acknowledgement of the independence of the Republic of Slovenia.
Compiled and edited by Alja Rabzelj.
Translated by Barbara Markelc. | <urn:uuid:82497cdf-3e2b-4144-8b45-bafda9990aaf> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.slovenia.info/en/sakralna-dediscina/Parish-Church-of-the-Assumption-of-Mary.htm?sakralna_dediscina=3282&lng=2 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368702810651/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516111330-00026-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.965567 | 277 | 1.625 | 2 |
Mitigation: the built environment and climate change
Provided by Brian Edwards: Emeritus Professor of Architecture Edinburgh College of Art and Associate Professor of Sustainable Architecture, Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts.
A distinction can be made between ‘mitigation’ and ‘adaptation’. The first deals with the impact the built environment has upon climate change and the second (adaptation) with how we need to change our design practices to adapt to a warming world. Mitigation is necessary because roughly a half of man-made carbon emissions result from buildings and when you include transport to reach them, the figure approaches 75%.
Heating, lighting, cooling and ventilation of buildings accounts for around 40% of global carbon emissions. The embodied energy needed to construct buildings accounts for another 5-10%. So architecture is critical to the carbon debate. Since carbon emissions are measured in CO2, and since this is the main greenhouse gas leading to global warming, architects carry a particular responsibility.
Mechanisms of climate change. (Click image to enlarge)
Greenhouse gases consist mainly of carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4). Carbon dioxide is the result of burning carbon based fuels (oil, gas, coal, timber) whilst methane occurs mainly as a result of decomposition. Architects are implicated in methane to a lesser degree but methane is waste generated and waste is often the result of poor construction and habitation.
The term ‘greenhouse gases’ refers to a cocktail of human emissions which sit in the upper atmosphere. Some are stable and long-lived such as CO2, others are more transient such as methane. Methane has a half life of seven years but is about seventy times more potent than carbon dioxide. Fortunately it only represents a small proportion of greenhouse gases; the bulk by far being CO2. The ring of green gases prevents radiant energy from the Sun being redirected back into space after striking the Earth- hence it works like glass or plastic in a greenhouse. Predictions vary but global temperatures are expected to rise by between 1.8 and 4 degrees centigrade over the current century.
Carbon is the current focus because it can measured, traded (through the Emissions Trading Scheme) and regulated (through Kyoto agreements). In fact, societal debate is moving from an energy one to a carbon one. This is because we are generating an increasing amount of energy from the Sun, wind and geothermal sources. Energy is not the problem but carbon is.
Potential climate change impacts. (Click image to enlarge)
Politicians are currently trying to limit global temperature rise by 2 degrees. This is because climate scientists predict an escalation in the rise above this level as a result of the expansion of oceans coupled with deforestation and increased desertification. There are natural cycles of climate change but man’s contribution to destabilizing natural systems through burning ever more carbon based fuels is high up on inter-governmental agendas.
One of the key drivers of debate and policy is the UN. It convened important conferences such as at Rio (1992) and Kyoto (1997). Besides setting binding targets for CO2 emissions, the UN helped coin and define the term ‘Sustainable Development’. Although the USA and China remain outside present agreements, there are signs that their investment in alternative energy technologies may achieve more than international laws. The EU is also active in legislating for energy standards and has introduced a Europe wide scheme of energy labeling extending from washing machines to cars and buildings. | <urn:uuid:5fa11b5b-ca02-4db3-89b6-ce47a52724a5> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.architecture.com/SustainabilityHub/Designstrategies/Introduction/1-0-3-Mitigationthebuiltenvironmentandclimatechange.aspx | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368705195219/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516115315-00057-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.94583 | 708 | 3.296875 | 3 |
|Uploaded:||January 27, 2011|
|Updated:||January 27, 2011|
Before I submit anymore “for kids” tutorials, I wanted to make a lesson that would be a good concept to draw for Valentine’s Day which is approaching very soon. This submission is going to show you "how to draw a heart tattoo", step by step. I think you will enjoy this heart design because it is being carried by a pair of beautiful wings that are slender, but full. It’s going to be a fairly easy tutorial to follow and replicate because all you are doing is drawing out a heart, and then sketching in some wings. The sleek design of this tattoo is perfect for a woman that is looking to get a nice inking job on her ankle, shoulder, wrist, or even somewhere on the chest. I personally wouldn’t get anything tattooed on my chest because for a woman, it is an area that is extremely painful. That and the foot area. Someday soon I will be filling a request on a tattoo design that has to do with religion. I don’t want to say what it is because I know for a fact that almost everyone will love the idea. Anyways, have fun with this tutorial that is going to show you with ease, "how to draw a tattoo heart". It’s a nice change from the kids’ stuff that I have been putting up lately, and don’t worry I’m almost done with the themed phase. Peace out people and have fun! | <urn:uuid:0877ab82-8b64-4d38-b369-b71a6fb3ac2a> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.dragoart.com/tuts/7304/1/1/how-to-draw-a-heart-tattoo.htm?cmID=1 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368701459211/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516105059-00017-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.961119 | 322 | 1.554688 | 2 |
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|Title: ||Biodegradation of DDT and DDE|
|Author: ||Walter, Monika|
|Degree: ||Master of Agricultural Science|
|Institution: ||Lincoln University|
|Date: ||1992 |
|Item Type: ||Thesis|
|Abstract: ||Soil borne DDT residues contaminate New Zealand milk and meat products imposing a serious threat of export restrictions on these goods. Various approaches to rapidly reduce DDT and DDE contamination in soil were investigated. It also was intended to design a bioassay to measure bioavailability of DDT residues.
Supplementing a Waimakiriri sandy loam and a Tempelton silt loam, which were contaminated with DDT residues, with 18 different organic amendments resulted in high reduction of DDT (up to 100%) in both soils. Soils were kept in the dark at 25°C for a period of 98 days. DDT primarily was converted to DDD which was subjected to further degradation in the Waimakiriri sandy loam only.
The amount of DDE did not decline in the Tempelton silt loam, but in the Waimakiriri sandy loam 25% and 27% of initial DDE disappeared over 98 days in soil enriched with saw dust + glucose and wheat straw + glucose, respectively.
An unsterilized Taitapu silt loam, which was amended with a range of wheat straw concentrations, was inoculated with DDT or DDE and a spore suspension of the American white rot fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium. Up to 80% of DDT and 45% of DDE dissappeared from' the soil during the incubation period of 98 days at 30°C in the dark. In soil enriched with spores of P. chrysosporium significantly more DDT and DDE declined during incubation than in soil without the fungus.
Whether in absence or presence of P. chrysosporium DDT decreased linearly with respect to the amount of straw present. DDE decline occurred under the presence of straw only, and if the straw concentration was ≥5% the concentration of DDE decreased first order with respect to the amount of straw amended. DDE decline was further significantly influenced by moisture level of the soil-straw matrix. More DDE was degraded at a WHC of 60% than at a WHC of 30%.
Nutrient nitrogen deficient medium, which was supplemented with DDT or DDE, was inoculated with mycelial plugs of P. chrysoporium or P. cordylines, a white rot fungus native to New Zealand. Significantly more DDT and DDE decreased in liquid medium containing P. cordy lines than in medium inoculated with P. chrysosporium. In flasks containing the New Zealand fungus approximately 90% of initial DDT and 45% of initial DDE decreased during 35 days of incubation in the dark at 30°C.
The bioavailability of DDT, DDD and DDE was measured using Spirodela oligorrhiza plants as a test organism. It was found that the plants were not sensitive enough to detect DDT residues at a level they occur in nature.|
|Supervisor: ||Noonan, Michael|
|Persistent URL (URI): ||http://hdl.handle.net/10182/3182|
|Access Rights: ||Digital thesis can be viewed by current staff and students of Lincoln University only. Print copy available for reading in Lincoln University Library. May be available through inter-library loan.|
|Appears in Collections:||Theses and Dissertations with Restricted Access|
Department of Soil and Physical Sciences
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If you believe that copyright is being infringed by material available in this archive, contact us and we will investigate. | <urn:uuid:2b986d34-c727-4185-b360-2ea448df99e3> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://researcharchive.lincoln.ac.nz/dspace/handle/10182/3182 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368696382584/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516092622-00035-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.936315 | 911 | 1.648438 | 2 |
Happy Birthday Glenn Gould!
Glenn Gould liked to say that the music he played had a life that was independent and non-material. It existed, as it were, without his hands, on which he nevertheless lavished the most intense and exhaustive care and training imaginable. This was by no means the only paradox to be found in his thinking, but it was a persistent one, and very concrete; he claimed never to play a piece on the piano without having first memorized it completely. He even said that he could play and rehearse a piece without touching the keyboard. He memorized it by playing it with his hands, but mentally. It is difficult to understand how the memory of a work can be created without any tactile relationship having been established, if we do not acknowledge, like Gould, that music is above all a mental and spiritual entity, and that it is closer to a mathematical theorem than to the body in action, than to hands in contact with the instrument.
- Excerpted from Partita for Glenn Gould by Georges Leroux | <urn:uuid:4b6a7001-0d70-4cd1-82ac-68704ee84872> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://mqup.tumblr.com/post/32262080923/happy-birthday-glenn-gould | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368698207393/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516095647-00072-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.987486 | 213 | 1.695313 | 2 |
Human Health Effects Associated with the Commercial Use of Grunerite Asbestos (Amosite): Patterson, NJ; Tyler, TX; Uxbridge, UK
Asbestos does not refer to a single type of mineral, but to a family of six individual minerals that share common structural properties. The most common form of asbestos used in commerce was chrysotile. It is known as serpentine asbestos because of its short, curly fibers. The other five types of asbestos—crocidolite, amosite, anthophyllite, tremolite, and actinolite—are known as amphibole fibers and are characterized by long, rigid, needle-like fibers. The amphibole fibers are considered the most carcinogenic of the asbestos family, but all fiber-types are dangerous and are documented causes of malignant mesothelioma and lung cancer.
Amosite, known officially as grunerite asbestos, was one of the major amphibole fibers used commercially. It is considered among the most dangerous of the amphiboles, although its mechanisms of actions are not fully understood. In fact, scientists are still identifying the precise physiological effects that asbestos exposure has on the human body. Researchers from the National Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health in Israel have recently summarized the available literature on amosite in an effort to better understand its carcinogenic properties.
There have been three epidemiological studies on populations exposed to amosite in the workplace. The first study looked at a factory in Patterson, NJ. This factory closed in 1954 and then moved to Tyler, TX. The second study looked at the cohort of workers employed by the Tyler factory. The last study looked at amosite and chrysotile factory in Uxbridge, United Kingdom.
Record indicate that the Patterson, NJ factory only used amosite asbestos, so it makes an excellent study on the health effects of amosite exposure. A total of 820 workers were employed at the facility between 1941 and 1954 (the year the factory closed). It was an older, mainly white workforce. Through 1989, when the last study on Patterson was completed, 740 of the 820 employers had died and of those, 17 had mesothelioma. Previous studies reported at least 111 deaths attributable to lung cancer and 31 from asbestosis, but the 1989 study that listed mesothelioma deaths at 17 did not report on these other diseases. There were 8 cases of pleural mesothelioma and 9 cases of peritoneal mesothelioma. The average latency period of the disease was 31 years for both, but the mean duration of employment was quite different: 25.6 months for pleural mesothelioma and 43.8 months for peritoneal mesothelioma. Interestingly, the pleural group survived, on average, 12 months after diagnosis, while the peritoneal group only averaged 8 months. This is notable because peritoneal mesothelioma often presents with a slightly better prognosis.
The concentration of asbestos in the air was never definitely measured in Patterson, although estimates exist that place the levels between 14–75 f/ml. As a point of reference, current US regulations regarding asbestos concentration demand a figure of less than .1 f/mL.
After the Patterson factory closed, it was moved to a location in Tyler, TX, where the same equipment was reinstalled and used again. The cohort of workers studied here was employed between 1954 and 1972, when the plant closed for good. Unlike the Patterson location, air quality was measured and the levels varied between 15.9 f/ML and 91.4 f/ML for different parts of the factory. To put the latter number into prospective, with concentrations that high, a worker who only spent six months in that part of the factory would have a cumulative lifetime exposure level of greater than 45 f/mL years, which is 11-times higher than the 4 f/mL years figure for someone who worked forty-years at the current legal levels.
For workers of the Tyler, TX facility, 6 were diagnosed with mesothelioma, 35 with lung cancer and only three with asbestosis.
The last of the studies focused on a factory in Uxbridge in the United Kingdom. The factory was operational between 1947 and 1979. Between 1947 and 1972 the factory processed both amosite and chrysotile. Starting in 1972, the factory processed amosite only. The air quality of the Uxbridge factory got better over time. Although no studies were completed in the 1950s, exposure levels were estimated at over 100 f/mL. In 1964, efforts were made to reduce the dust that workers were exposed to and by the late 1960s, air studies returned a value of 30 f/mL for asbestos concentration. This was reduced to 2 f/mL by the early 1970s.
A total of 4820 workers were studied here. There were 5 mesotheliomas, of which 4 were pleural and 1 was peritoneal. There were also 57 cases of lung cancer and 9 of asbestosis.
The preceding descriptions indicate the malignant potential of grunerite asbestos. While asbestos exposure is always potentially harmful, certain forms of the mineral, such as amosite, are certainly more harmful than others. The studies summarized in this article clearly show that asbestos is too dangerous a substance for anyone to use. | <urn:uuid:d88236bd-13a8-4c3c-9b49-d134f1e6f48d> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.mesotheliomahelp.net/blog/2008/01/human-health-effects-associated-with | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368709037764/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516125717-00005-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.971928 | 1,096 | 3.015625 | 3 |
SOME PREJUDICES ARE MORE EQUAL THAN OTHERS
By Philip Jenkins
For readers of Catalyst, expressions of anti-Catholic bigotry scarcely come as a surprise. Over the years, we have come to expect that media treatments of the Church, its clergy and its faithful will be negative, if not highly offensive, and Catholic organizations try to confront the worst manifestations of prejudice. When such controversies erupt, the defenders of the various shows or productions commonly invoke a free speech defense. These productions are just legitimate commentary, we hear, so offended Catholics should just lighten up, and learn not to be hyper-sensitive. Sometimes, defenders just deny that the allegedly anti-Catholic works are anything like as hostile as they initially seem to be. All these arguments, though, miss one central point, namely that similarly controversial attacks would be tolerated against literally no other group, whether that group is religious, political or ethnic.
The issue should not be whether film X or art exhibit Y is deliberately intending to affront Catholics. We should rather ask whether comparable expressions would be allowed if they caused outrage or offense to any other group, whether or not that degree of offense seems reasonable or understandable to outsiders. If the answer is yes, that our society will indeed tolerate controversial or offensive presentations of other groups—of Muslims and Jews, African-Americans and Latinos, Asian-Americans and Native Americans, gays and lesbians— then Catholics should not protest that they are being singled out for unfair treatment. If, however, controversy is out of bounds for these other groups—as it assuredly is—then we certainly should not lighten up, and the Catholic League is going to be in business for a very long time to come.
It is easy to illustrate the degree of public sensitivity to images or displays that affect other social or religious groups—but how many of us realize how far the law has gone in accommodating the presumed privilege against offense? Witness the legal attempts over the last two decades to regulate so-called “hate speech.” American courts have never accepted that speech should be wholly unrestricted, but since the 1980s, a variety of activists have pressed for expanded laws or codes that would limit or suppress speech directed against particular groups, against women, racial minorities and homosexuals. The most ambitious of these speech codes were implemented on college campuses. Though many such codes have been struck down by the courts, a substantial section of liberal opinion believes that stringent laws should restrict the right to criticize minorities and other interest groups.
But if these provisions had been upheld in the courts, what would they have meant for recent Catholic controversies? One typical university code defines hate speech “as any verbal speech, harassment, and/or printed statements which can provoke mental and/or emotional anguish for any member of the University community.” Nothing in the code demands evidence that the offended person is a normal, average character not over-sensitive to insult. According to the speech codes, the fact of “causing anguish” is sufficient. Since the various codes placed so much emphasis on the likelihood of causing offense, rather than the intent of the act or speech involved, the codes might well have criminalized art exhibits like, oh, just to take a fantastic example, a photograph of a crucifix submerged in a jar of urine.
The element of “causing offense” is central to speech codes. At the University of Michigan a proposed code would have prohibited “any behavior, verbal or physical, that stigmatizes or victimizes an individual on the basis of race, ethnicity, religion, sex, sexual orientation, creed, national origin, ancestry, age, marital status, handicap, or Vietnam-era veteran status.” “Stigmatization and victimization” are defined entirely by the subjective feelings of the groups who felt threatened. In 1992, the US Supreme Court upheld a local statute that prohibited the display of a symbol that one knows or has reason to know “arouses anger, alarm or resentment in others on the basis of race, color, creed, religion or gender.” The implied reference is to a swastika or a burning cross, but as it is written, the criterion is that the symbol causes “anger, alarm or resentment” to some unspecified person. These were precisely the reactions of many Catholic believers who saw or read about the “Piss Christ” photograph, or the controversial displays at the Brooklyn Museum of Art.
Other recent laws have taken full account of religious sensibilities, at least where non-Catholics are concerned. Take for instance the treatment of Native American religions, and the presentation of displays that (rightly) outrage Native peoples. In years gone by, museums nonchalantly displayed Indian skeletons in a way that would be unconscionable for any community, but which was all the more offensive for Native peoples, with their keen sensitivity to the treatment of the dead. In 1990, Congress passed NAGPRA, the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act, which revolutionized the operation of American museums and galleries by requiring that all Indian remains and cultural artifacts should be repatriated to their tribal owners. As a matter of federal criminal law, NAGPRA established the principle that artistic and historical interests must be subordinate to the religious and cultural sensibilities of minority communities.
Even so, museums and cultural institutions have gone far beyond the letter of this strict law. They have systematically withdrawn or destroyed displays that might cause the slightest offense to Indian peoples, including such once-familiar displays as photographs of skeletons or grave-goods. In South-Western museums today, one commonly sees such images replaced with apologetic signs, which explain gaps in the exhibits in terms of new cultural sensitivities. Usually, museums state simply that the authorities of a given tribe have objected to an exhibit because it considers it hurtful or embarrassing, without even giving the grounds for this opinion, yet that is enough to warrant removal. When disputes arise, the viewpoint of the minority group must be treated as authoritative. Just imagine an even milder version of this legal principle being applied to starkly offensive images like those at the Brooklyn Museum of Art. If Native religion deserves respect and restraint on the part of commentators—as it assuredly does—why doesn’t Catholicism merit similar safeguards?
Beyond the legal realm, time and again we see that media outlets exercise a powerful self-censorship that suppresses controversial or offensive images, whether or not that “offense” is intended: and again, this restraint applies to every group, except Catholics. Over the years, the film industry has learned to suppress images or themes that affect an ever-growing number of protected categories. The caution about African-Americans is understandable, given the racist horrors in films of bygone years, but the present degree of sensitivity is astounding. Recall last year’s film “Barbershop,” in which Black characters exchange disrespectful remarks about such heroic figures as Rosa Parks and Martin Luther King, and more questionable characters like O. J. Simpson and Jesse Jackson. Though this was clearly not a racist attack, the outcry was ferocious: some things simply cannot be said in public. Jesse Jackson and Al Sharpton led an intense campaign to delete these touchy references.
And other social groups have learned these lessons about self-censorship. Asian-Americans and Latinos have both made it clear that the once-familiar stereotypes will no longer be tolerated, and Hollywood takes their complaints to heart. By the early 1990s, too, gay groups had achieved a similar immunity. When, in 1998, the film “The Siege” offered a (prescient) view of New York City under assault by Arab terrorists, the producers thought it politic to work closely with Arab-American and Muslim groups in order to minimize charges of stereotyping and negative portrayals. Activists thought that any film depicting how “Arab terrorists methodically lay waste to Manhattan” was not only clearly fantastic in its own right, but also “reinforces historically damaging stereotypes.” As everyone knew, Hollywood had a public responsibility not to encourage such labeling.
Yet no such qualms affect the making of films or television series that might offend America’s sixty million Catholics. Any suggestion that the makers of such films should consult with Catholic authorities or interest groups would be dismissed as promoting censorship, and a grossly inappropriate religious interference with artistic self-expression. The fuss over whether a film like “Dogma” or “Stigmata” is intentionally anti-Catholic misses the point. The question is not why American studios release films that will annoy and offend Catholics, but why they do not more regularly deal with subject matter that would be equally uncomfortable or objectionable to other traditions or interest groups. If they did so, American films might be much more interesting, in addition to demonstrating a new consistency.
If works of art are to offend, they should do so on an equal opportunity basis. If we have to tolerate such atrocities as “Sister Mary Ignatius Explains It All For You”—recently revived as a Showtime special—then why should we not have merry satires poking fun at secular icons like Matthew Shepard or Martin Luther King? If, on the other hand, it is ugly and unacceptable even to contemplate an imaginary production of “Matthew Explains It All,” poking fun at victims of gay-bashing, then why should we put up with Sister Mary? Some consistency, please.
Let me end with a suggestion. By all means, let the Catholic League continue to report offensive depictions of Catholics and their church. But to put these in perspective, always remember to record these many other controversies, in which other groups succeed in enforcing their right to be free from offense. Only then can Catholic-bashing be seen for what it is, America’s last acceptable prejudice.
Philip Jenkins is Distinguished Professor of History and Religious Studies at Pennsylvania State University. To order his new book, The New Anti-Catholicism: The Last Acceptable Prejudice, contact the Catholic League at (212) 371-3191 or at 450 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10123. | <urn:uuid:4e52fea3-2860-4a2b-ac75-3d17ede47f6e> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.catholicleague.org/some-prejudices-are-more-equal-than-others-2/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368705559639/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516115919-00004-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.949051 | 2,078 | 2.296875 | 2 |
As we left school we were very excited and a little bit worried. We had a real adventure on the bus as it broke down at Harthill. However, the new bus arrived very quickly and after the teachers had transferred all the bags again, we were off!
We stopped at Luss for lunch. It was a beautiful place to stop and some of us took the opportunity to read in a picturesque place and appreciate the stunning landscape while we ate. However, the local wildlife obviously wanted to join in with the picnic as the ‘biggest swan we had ever seen’ wandered around. Our sandwiches were obviously too appealing to resist – we made a sharp exit!
When we arrived we were introduced to our instructors, shown around the centre and then made to make our own beds…..from scratch!! Most of us managed this :0)
We then went out for a walk around the grounds in our Activity Groups and learned about Redwood Trees, Monkey Puzzle trees, a U shaped valley and ways in which we could and should look after our planet. We were all ready for our chocolate cake and juice at 5pm.
After a short game of football and further exploring the grounds we had Macaroni, chips, peas and salad followed by melon and yoghurt.
We then began writing our diaries to help us earn the Adventure section of our JASS award before heading out for our Night Walk. We are SUPER excited about that!
And later on…
Our Night Walk was as amazing as we thought it would be. We walked along the paths beside the centre and were surprised how quickly our eyes got used to the dark; some of us wished we had carrots for tea instead of peas! It was a different story when we went into the woods. We had to rely on our team mates, listen for instructions and trust the people ahead of us. We all got very muddy and had a few bumps, falls and lost shoes on the way – but we are proud of our communication skills and by the fact that some of us overcame our first challenge of the week.
Miss Brown and Miss MacKenzie would like to report that EVERYONE is in bed and sleeping and it’s not even 11 o’clock!! Woo Hoo!
P.S. We have tried to put some pictures up…but the computer says NO! We will look into another way of doing this tomorrow. Night Night! | <urn:uuid:7d447fd7-b9b8-4d05-bbee-d5b791834543> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://edubuzz.org/windygoul/2013/03/05/benmore-day-1/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368703682988/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516112802-00005-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.988418 | 495 | 1.828125 | 2 |
So starts the story of the meeting between US President Obama and Chinese President Hu Jintao at nuclear summit in Seoul. Several Chinese media, both online and offline, used the two-line conversation as the headline of what happened in Seoul yesterday.
According to these news articles, the Presidents of the world’s two biggest competing powers greeted each other like buddies at the nuclear summit in Seoul yesterday. But is that all? These newspapers and websites don’t intentionally put on such a headline for nothing – they can easily go with the standard and dull “President Obama and President Hu Jintao meet in Seoul blah blah blah”. And apparently, netizens get the joke.
Most believe that there is a political undertone in Obama’s question such as the recent political blockbuster involving Bo Xilai. Some think that the headlines are being sarcastic. Some others, most interestingly, speculate that the lines are secret codes between Obama and Hu to exchange key information.
Comments from Sina Weibo:
安安和老爸: “Everyone does it….puns.”
面具下的THC: “What a great question…so much undertone.”
纯洁幽: “Is it just me? Or the conversation sounds weird?”
天下阿歪: “‘Hey, bro, You become darker and slimer. Too tired from troubles in North Korea, Iran and Syria?’”
领导走基层: “He meant, ‘How is Bo Xilai?’”
张兴魁: “Why do I feel that Obama is implying something else?”
锦官城小散户: “I think what Obama really wants to ask is the impact of Bo Xilai’s case.”
我很正经的说: “What Obama meant was ‘Are you OK with all the troubles we created for China?’”
秋水老爹: “They are definitely implying something else.”
jnuqsl述清: “It sounds like Obama is taking pleasure in China’s current misfortunes. Of course, he didn’t mean ‘home’, he meant ‘country’.”
陈萧军的视界: “How is it going at home? Obama is really wicked. Things are bad at home.”
富森刘松: “Things are good at home. No more red songs. No more fights against gangs. House prices are down. Gas prices are up. Everything is good. How’s it going in the US?”
非常-草根: “How are things going in Middle East? How are things going in North Korea? How are things going in Afghanistan?”
夏摩西: “How’s it going at home? Do we think too much or do they mean too much?”
melo-life: “Does Obama know that things are really bad at home now?”
西门吹不到雪: “So foreigners know how to use puns, too?”
游游云: “Hu answered as if he didn’t understand the real meaning of Obama’s question.” | <urn:uuid:c815210b-7f65-4724-8103-919c82190675> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://offbeatchina.com/obama-how-are-things-going-at-home-hu-pretty-good | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368711005985/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516133005-00037-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.956822 | 792 | 1.710938 | 2 |
Safe driving over the holidays
Safety on UVU campus
As the student population grows here at UVU, so do the number of vehicles on campus. I’m sure you are aware of how difficult it is becoming to find a good place to park. With the increased number of vehicles on campus, our traffic problems are on the rise. Please drive slowly and be aware of who is walking or driving around you, especially while driving in UVU parking lots. You never know when you will have to make a sudden stop. There has been an increase in complaints of vehicles failing to stop for pedestrians. Please remember, if a person is in a crosswalk, you must stop for him or her. If you’re a pedestrian, please use a crosswalk. It may take a few extra steps to use a crosswalk; however, this is where drivers expect pedestrians to cross. If you cross outside of a crosswalk, there is a higher chance of being struck by a vehicle. If you are hit by a car because of failing to use the crosswalk, you could be held liable.
Safety while traveling home
With the holidays here, many of you will be traveling home to be with family. Please be cautious, as this is a time of year when there is an increase in highway accidents and fatalities. Please remember to get plenty of rest before a long road trip. Fatigue is a major factor in traffic accidents. You know when you are getting tired — don’t ignore it. You should immediately pull over and at least get out of the car and move around. Getting the blood moving in your body can reduce the symptoms of fatigue. Also, eating a large meal before traveling can make you feel tired.
While traveling long distances try not to become a victim. There are many predators on the roadways that are looking for people that make good victims. The majority of victims are people that are traveling alone. Suspects wait for those people to exit the roadway to get fuel or snacks and use the restrooms. The best way to prevent this is to have a travel buddy, someone going to the same area as you are (not a hitchhiker). In optimum circumstances you can share expenses and the driving. If you are not able to have a travel buddy, always stop at places where there are a lot of people. Schedule your stops at busy stores, such as Wal-Mart. Wal-Mart encourages travelers to use their parking lot as a place to rest; you will probably see many RV’s and other travelers as well. Wal-Marts are usually located close to freeways or major highways. Don’t go to the rear of buildings! If you stop at a rest area to use the restroom or just to get out and stretch, you should be fine. It is not recommended that you sleep at a rest stop during the night.
Make sure your vehicle is in shape to make the journey. Check tire tread and air pressure, and have a good spare tire as well as the tools to change a flat. Check to be sure that your windshield wiper blades function properly, top off your fluids and check belts. It is always a good idea to have your vehicle serviced before a trip, as most of these items should be checked. Be sure to have some kind of an emergency pack. Include a flashlight, water, snacks, a small first aid kit and an emergency blanket. If your vehicle should break down or if you get stuck, stay with the vehicle. In a search situation it’s easier to locate a vehicle than it is a single person. Please stay in your vehicle until help arrives.
Hopefully this message will help to keep you safe and make your trip more enjoyable.
From all of us here at UVU Police: have a safe and happy holiday. | <urn:uuid:89ee5c8b-b7fd-43a4-8232-59d8c6470556> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://blogs.uvu.edu/blog/2011/11/safe-driving-over-the-holidays/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368697380733/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516094300-00051-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.966048 | 776 | 2.125 | 2 |
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Frank Smithuis, MD
"Impatience is the most important thing"
January 30, 2004
Frank Smithuis, MD, is the country manager and medical coordinator for Doctors Without Borders/Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) in Myanmar, the country formerly known as Burma. He highlights how MSF teams are working in this isolated country to provide urgently needed care to fight HIV/AIDS, malaria, and tuberculosis.
Why is MSF in Myanmar?
MSF wants to work for the most vulnerable, disadvantaged groups in a country. This is why we are working with people in Rakhine State, particularly the Rakhine Muslims who are in a very difficult situation. They don't have citizenship, so they are not free to travel. They have less access to health services than people do in other areas in the country. The project there is mainly for malaria - we treat more than 100,000 malaria cases per year. But recently we have also started some clinics for patients with sexually transmitted diseases and for people with HIV/AIDS.
How high is the HIV rate in this country?
Actually, we don't know because there are no good statistics about HIV prevalence here. The government has done some surveillance in about 30 towns. They have some data from population groups like pregnant women, military recruits, and also sex workers and drug users. From that you can calculate some rates. The authorities have always said that it is around 20,000 to 25,000 cases in the country. Recently they have increased the estimate to 180,000. I am afraid it is much higher.
What is the general health situation like?
Health services are seriously under funded. The budget is less than $5 million for 50 million people. The international donor community does not want to give funding for the health system in Myanmar for political reasons. The West clearly does not favor the current government and has therefore decided not to give substantial foreign aid to the country.
Does MSF have a problem getting enough money for the projects?
Not really. That is the great advantage of being financially independent. Now the donor community is - after 10 years of ignoring the HIV epidemic - giving more because its members realize that HIV in Myanmar is a serious problem and that they have to do something - that you cannot wait for your political agenda to be fulfilled. Whichever government is in charge of this country, HIV will be a serious problem.
Besides HIV, what are the other main health problems?
Linked to HIV is tuberculosis (TB), a common co-infection. Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) also help facilitate the spread of HIV. Another problem is malaria. We started malaria programs in the country about nine years ago. MSF has done quite some research on it. We studied the anti-malarial drugs chloroquine and fansidar, which were being used, and found very high rates of resistance - 65 to 85 percent. UNICEF and WHO were using or supplying these drugs and continued to supply these drugs even after we gave them the study results. After the study, we suggested changing the protocol to artesiminin-mefloquine, which is highly effective. We were allowed to do so after some hesitation on the part of the authorities. Several years later, the government changed its protocol as well.
What are your biggest successes?
I think there are several successes, like the malaria program. In the country we treat probably 150,000 malaria patients per year, 100,000 of them in Rakhine state. I think that is significant. We give treatment that is about 95 percent to 100 percent successful. We have done research that has contributed to the change of the national policy, and we are still doing research for cheaper medicines with fewer side effects.
The second success is more difficult to measure. It is the treatment of STDs and HIV/AIDS. In the beginning, these topics were very taboo. It was very difficult to work with high-risk groups. It was hard to get treatment for people living with HIV/AIDS. That has changed. While it is not perfect, we have set up health services for sex workers. In some areas we have seen a serious decrease in gonorrhea. In a jade mine area where we have several clinics, the amount of gonorrhea has decreased so much that when I wanted to do a study about drug sensitivity, I could not find enough patients. I like to believe that the thousands of patients we have treated for STDs and the hundreds of thousands of condoms we have distributed, have contributed to this.
We started home-based care for the severely ill who cannot come to the clinic. In the beginning I was very worried about how to keep people's disease status confidential. Well, I can assure you that you can't keep AIDS confidential in a home-based care program. Everybody knows within a minute that the person has AIDS and that you come to visit because he has AIDS. But because we shake the patient's hand, we do a physical exam, we touch him, we listen with the stethoscope, we look in his throat, the program actually made the people in the house and in the surrounding houses less fearful of people with AIDS. We also started an ARV treatment program with the government, which I believe has sped up ARV treatment in Myanmar.
So you mean the government will provide ARV treatment?
Yes, because recently the Global Fund agreed to give money for HIV/AIDS in Myanmar, so if that money comes through then the government will use some of that money for ARV treatment.
What are the next challenges?
To speed things up. Every country has to go through a process. First, you ignore that you have a problem. Then you come up with some ineffective or even counter-productive solutions, like putting all the sick on an island or wanting to test everybody by force or arresting all the sex workers, etc. But finally there comes a realization that this doesn't work. That you have to start prevention programs like offering condoms and providing sexual health services to sex workers instead of arresting and repressing them. That you should promote voluntary testing instead of forced testing and should start caring for and treating people with AIDS instead of isolating and discriminating against them. Sometimes this process is terribly slow and can cost hundreds of thousands of people their lives.
So patience is the most important thing here?
No, impatience is the most important thing - to keep things and people moving. | <urn:uuid:17ec8588-17ed-422a-82ac-e569955acbb2> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.doctorswithoutborders.org/news/article.cfm?id=1306&cat=voice-from-the-field&ref=news-index | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368700958435/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516104238-00000-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.975881 | 1,350 | 1.960938 | 2 |
The Spanish Civil Guard has intercepted a boat operated by a US company amid a row over treasure from a shipwreck.
Odyssey says the ship was seized in international waters
The guard had been ordered by a Spanish judge to seize the vessel as soon as it left the British colony of Gibraltar.
Gibraltar officials and Odyssey Marine Exploration, which owns the ship, said Spain had boarded the ship illegally as it was in international waters.
In May, Odyssey said it had found $500m (£253m) in coins from a 17th Century wreck somewhere in the Atlantic Ocean.
Madrid suspects the sunken galleon may either have been Spanish or have gone down in Spanish waters.
The salvaged booty, which included half a million silver coins and hundreds of gold objects, has already been flown back to the US.
'Threat of force'
After leaving Gibraltar, the Ocean Alert was picked up at about 0700 GMT on Thursday off Europa Point and sent to the Spanish port of Algeciras to be searched, the Civil Guard said.
RULES OF THE WAVES
Seas and oceans governed by UN Laws of the Sea
Ownership of sunken property in international waters governed by the law of salvage and the law of finds
Law of salvage: If property is owned, those finding it are entitled to compensation for their salvage efforts
Law of finds: Salvor is entitled to all reclaimed property if it is proved to be abandoned
Spain insists it retains rights to all its sunken treasure
Odyssey intends its haul to be dealt with under US federal law, where previous judgements have sometimes granted exclusive rights to salvors
The guard was investigating a possible "offence against Spanish historic heritage", it said in a statement.
Odyssey said the boarding was illegal and said the Civil Guard threatened to use force if Ocean Alert's captain did not follow orders. It said Spain had earlier promised the ship would be searched at sea.
"At this point, Odyssey is assuming that the action on the part of the Guardia Civil is a miscommunication between Spanish authorities," the Florida-based company said in a statement.
A spokesman for the governor of Gibraltar said the ship was in international waters at the time it was seized.
A lawyer for Odyssey, Allen von Spiegelfeld, told Reuters news agency that Spain had not sought permission to board Ocean Alert from officials in Panama, where it is registered.
"The owners of the vessel have contacted the Panamanian maritime authorities protesting the seizure on international waters," Mr von Spiegelfeld said.
Spain has launched legal action over the treasure and the wreck.
Spain's Civil Guard is searching the Panama-registered ship
Some experts believe the wreck to be the Merchant Royal, an English ship carrying stolen Spanish treasure which sank in 1641.
US coin expert Dr Lane Brunner has said there is evidence the shipwreck was found off England's Cornish coast.
Odyssey has kept the location of its find secret, citing security and legal reasons. | <urn:uuid:d1f270ac-bc01-4822-89a9-65ef96529e6a> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/6896645.stm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368705953421/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516120553-00050-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.971385 | 623 | 1.765625 | 2 |
Diving the Cape Peninsula and False Bay/Dale Brook
This is the closest site for road access from most of the city on the east side of the peninsula, and is also accessible by rail (Dale Brook station).
This site is well known in the scientific literature for a large variety of species, and it has been a sanctuary zone for a long time, but is seldom dived by sport divers. It is ideal as a snorkel site due to the shallow depth and large variety of reef life, and is a very pleasant scuba dive in calm conditions.
S34°07.436’ E018°27.154’ (Subway under railway line)
The site is off the rocks just south of the tidal pool.
This site is in a Marine Protected Area (2009). A permit is required.
The site is named after the locality "Dale Brook", as is a road and the railway station.
Maximum depth is approximately 6m. This is over the sand and some way out. The end of the reef can be seen from the shore if conditions are good, as this is where the kelp ends.
Low and fairly flat sandstone reef. Reef is steep sided and flat bottomed, mostly bedrock with occasional boulders. Fairly free of sand in the inshore areas, but sand bottomed further out. Beyond the reef the sand starts fairly abruptly, with a few outlying outcrops, and is consistently fine and fairly white, with small wave ripples and lots of vent holes. The outer reef may be coated with fine sand, which is easily lifted due to the small grain size.
Geology: Rock is hard light brown Ordovician sandstone, either of the Peninsula formation, or possibly the underlying Graafwater formation. Strike is about parallel to the shoreline (roughly NE-SW), dip a few degrees to the south east. The layers not very thick, mostly in the order of 1/2 to 1m. Jointing is predominantly perpendicular to shoreline.
The site is exposed to south easterly wind and waves. The site is usually at it's best during winter but there may also be occasional opportunities at other times of the year.
Keep a lookout for times when it is calm or the wind is north westerly with minimal swell. The site is shallow and any swell will cause a surge, though the kelp will have a moderating influence.
Avoid diving this site if there is a south east wind forecast, as the chop may make it tricky to get out safely.
Parking at tarred parking lot just beyond the changing rooms at the side of the Main Road (M4), next to the railway line. There is a subway under the railway line leading to the beach. Public toilets and changing rooms are accessed from the subway. There is a fresh water shower at the beach and a large tidal pool.
Get in
Normally done as a shore dive. Entry and exit is from the flat rock shelf south of the storm-water outfall. Details will depend on the tide, but there is a lone boulder which may be convenient for final preparations.
Access is fairly easy in conditions you would want to dive. If the surf looks too big, there will be strong surge and poor visibility.
[add listing] See
Marine life
The reef is very rich in variety, even shallow and close to the shore. It is surprisingly colourful, and well illuminated due to shallow depth and lack of suspended matter. There are quite a lot of kelp fronds surging back and forth, but the stipes make useful handholds to steady yourself in the surge. It ia also a site where a lot of marine life can be observed in the rock pools at low tide
The site is suitable for macro photography.
Wade out over the rocks to water deep enough to swim and start the dive when deep enough to avoid the worst of the wave action. Work your way slowly out deeper towards the sand, then along reef edge for a while before turning back and returning over the reef, mostly in the gullies.
Stay safe
No special hazards other than sea conditions, and the possibility of an encounter with a great white shark.
No special skills required. This is an excellent site for novice snorkellers, and should be good for night dives if the sea is very flat. It is also an area where a lot of marine life can be observed in the rock pools at low tide
Reasonable fitness is required for shore entries. Some familiarity with surf entries is recommended.
No special equipment recommended. A light may be useful for looking under overhangs, but there are not many deep ones. | <urn:uuid:90c2d5d9-351b-4045-bf3e-e27a76a9e0c6> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://wikitravel.org/en/Diving_the_Cape_Peninsula_and_False_Bay/Dale_Brook | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368711005985/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516133005-00041-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.947444 | 966 | 2.15625 | 2 |
Whether they are Olympic hopefuls or members of collegiate or high school teams, athletes strive to perform at their highest levels. They are dedicated to proper training and good nutrition, and they don't want anything to jeopardize their performance.
With the growing popularity of dietary supplements, athletes participating in organized sports at any level may have concerns about the potential presence of banned substances in supplements. Many reports have been published about athletes who took over-the-counter supplements, only to find out later that the products contained a substance not allowed by their sport.
Max Jaben, an American-born Israeli swimmer, is all too familiar with the consequences of banned substances in supplements. He was the youngest male to compete in the 2000 U.S. Olympic Team Trials. He was also a member of the 2002 USA National Junior Team, and he competed in the 2004 U.S. Olympic Trials.
In 2007, Jaben joined the Israeli national swimming team and qualified to participate in the 2008 Olympics. However, shortly before he was scheduled to compete, drug tests detected the steroid boldenone in his system, and he was banned from swimming competitively for two years.
At the time of the incident, Jaben was 22 years old. He was seeing many other athletes using supplements, and he thought they would be helpful for his training. He said, "I understood the risk involved in taking supplements, but never thought it would happen to me. I scanned product labels for banned substances, but put too much trust in the supplement companies."
To this day, Jaben has no idea how he might have been exposed to boldenone. In an effort to identify the source, he had samples of the supplements he had been taking tested by a laboratory. None of the supplements tested positive for boldenone, which occurs naturally in some people. (The World Anti-Doping Agency has since developed
a test to differentiate between natural and synthetic boldenone.)
Because of his experience, Jaben cautions other athletes to be very careful about the products they consume. Today, in addition to following a healthy diet, he carefully reads product labels and only uses supplements that have been tested and certified by the NSF Certified for Sport® program. He says, "Certification takes all of the hard work out of shopping for supplements. If you look for products certified by NSF for Sport®, you are all set."
Jaben now owns Swim Fit LA, which offers swimming lessons by world-class professionals to swimmers of all ages and skill levels.
It can be challenging to obtain the right information to make educated choices about which dietary supplement products to use. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration requires prescription and over-the-counter drugs to be tested and proven safe and effective before they can be sold. However, FDA regulations do not apply to dietary supplements unless they contain a new dietary ingredient.
Coaches, athletes and retail store personnel may not have sufficient information about dietary supplement products. Reading labels is important, but it doesn't always provide a complete picture of a product's contents. So where can athletes turn? They can look for supplements that have been tested and certified by an independent accredited laboratory.
Certification from an independent accredited third-party helps confirm that products contain only the ingredients and quantities shown on their labels, without potentially harmful levels of impurities. One such program, NSF Certified for Sport®, certifies that what is on the label is in the bottle and that the product does not contain undeclared ingredients or unsafe levels of contaminants. NCF is unique because it also screens for more than 170 banned or prohibited substances such as narcotics, steroids, stimulants, hormones and other related substances along with diuretics and other masking agents.
Athletes at all levels can buy certified supplements with confidence, knowing that products they're taking do not contain any harmful ingredients. Certified supplements must meet a rigorous set of standards that include comprehensive lab testing and extensive evaluation of the manufacturing process to ensure contaminated substances or hidden ingredients are not added to a product.
These standards and certification requirements are so stringent that many major sports organizations refer to them. For example, NSF International's Certified for Sport® program is recognized by the National Football League, the NFL Players Association, Major League Baseball and the MLB Players Association.
More information and news on supplement safety can be found on The United States Anti-Doping Agency (USADA) website for athletes (www.usada.org/supplement411). NSF International is currently the only independent third-party testing and certification organization that meets the stringent requirements of USADA's Supplement 411 program. For a list of NSF Certified for Sport® supplements and to learn more about supplement testing, visit www.nsfsport.com or contact the NSF Consumer Affairs Office, toll-free at 1-800-673-8010.
You can also download a mobile app (for iPhone, iPad and Android) to find dietary supplements and sports nutrition products that have earned NSF Certified for Sport® certification at www.nsfsport.com/sport_app.asp. | <urn:uuid:25b6188b-4b99-4231-80c4-85f3f4b3c732> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.stack.com/2012/08/13/play-it-safe-with-certified-dietary-supplements/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368702810651/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516111330-00042-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.966585 | 1,044 | 2.15625 | 2 |
How about something from the 20th century, the 18th century and the 1st century in the same photo? If you travel to places like Segovia, Spain, that’s not hard to come by.
The Roman aqueduct that dominates that photo is the oldest structure seen here, though it is in amazingly good shape – especially since only gravity holds this structure up. That’s right, there’s no cement!
So the question is: If the aqueduct is made of carefully carved and aligned stacked stone, how do the build the arches? In other words, since the last stone in the arch to go in is the one at the stop (the keystone) how do they keep the other stones in place before placing it? | <urn:uuid:ff5c6b00-6ecd-46d0-a22a-dc8e6f31e26c> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.scottshephard.com/tag/romans/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368696383156/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516092623-00050-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.963305 | 159 | 3.140625 | 3 |
For more trusted health
news and information,
visit CBS Seattle's
PITTSBURGH (KDKA) – Could the answer to staying slim and sharp be as simple as sleep?
Two recent studies address this.
A study from the University of Colorado had eight men and women, with an average age 22, sleep in a lab for two weeks.
They gained almost two pounds over five nights when they were limited to five hours sleep. They did eat more, but hunger hormones responded as expected and didn’t explain this.
When participants were allowed nine hours, they ate less.
“If you’re gaining weight, I would recommend a person have a sleep study performed, especially if they’ve gained more than 10 percent of their body weight,” says Dr. Andrew Perez, a sleep specialist at St. Clair Hospital. “Diagnosing someone with sleep apnea, or sleep disorder, you might be able to help them sleep better and that might help them maintain their body weight back to the ideal.”
In a different study from Washington University, 145 volunteers with normal thinking and memory, ages 45 to 75, kept sleep diaries for two weeks. Researchers had already analyzed their spinal fluid for markers of amyloid plaques in the brain, which are abnormalities associated with Alzheimer’s disease. Those with markers had poorer sleep efficiency compared to those without — that is, just as much time in bed, but less time asleep.
This leads to the question: “Is the Alzheimer’s disease impacting the sleep, or is the sleep causing the progression of Alzheimer’s?” Perez asked. “Which came first, sort of, the chicken or the egg?”
Sleep experts recommend seven to eight hours of sleep as ideal. If you’re having weight gain or thinking problems with no other explanation, a sleep study may add something to your evaluation. | <urn:uuid:5e548f85-ddce-4f45-ac35-61efe531c1be> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://seattle.cbslocal.com/2013/03/14/researchers-say-sleep-could-be-the-answer-to-weight-loss/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368699273641/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516101433-00033-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.965764 | 401 | 2.796875 | 3 |
Chester County, as one of the original PA counties, is a fascinating place where many of the events that shaped our nation took place. William Penn arrived aboard 'The Welcome' in 1682, from when we may date the beginnings of Chester County. And while many other faiths eventually were part of Chester County, its origins are firmly based in the Quaker faith.
William Penn established the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania with a land grant from the King of England, given in lieu of a large amount of money Penn's father had loaned to the King. After Penn Sr's death, William Penn chose land in the New World over money as a way of creating a haven for followers of the Quaker faith, of which Penn was one. Because the Quaker faith forbad violence in any form, the Friends were prevented from paying tax to a ruling body that kept a standing army . . . and because of this they were often persecuted by both government and neighbors alike. Many Quakers had moved from England to Ireland in an attempt to find somewhere safe to live and somewhere they could practice their religion in peace, but they found the same persecution present in Ireland as there had been in England and Wales. So Penn used his large land grant to create a colony where the tenets of the Quaker faith were followed and, at the request of the King, named it for his father - 'Pennsylvania'.
Before the arrival of the Quakers and the inception of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, there had been few Europeans in the area, and those were individuals rather than any concerted effort at settlement. In 1637 a group of settlers had arrived on the Delaware River and established the colony of New Sweden. New Sweden had periodic problems with the Dutch in New Amsterdam, but despite all obstacles, the colony managed to prosper along the banks of the Delaware River, which they used as their highway. They were a hearty people who very much impressed William Penn, and after the arrival of the Quakers in 1683, the Swedes were extremely helpful to the new settlers, most of whom had never experienced the harsh winters they found in the New World. The Swedes also had very good relations with the local Native Americans, and served as interpreters between them and the English speaking Quakers. The Swedish population was gradually assimilated into the Quaker commonwealth, seemingly with little problem, and today these early Swedish settlers account for millions of American descendents.
I don't pretend this to be a history of Chester County - for that books would be required. I only hope it gives you a small idea of a few of the interesting aspects of Chester County history and to encourage you to 'read up' on the geographic area and her peoples.
There are many, many other avenues to explore . . . the immigration of the Scots Irish and their importance in the American Revolutionary War, the large numbers of Welsh that had such an impact on the place naming in the county, the Revolutionary War battles that took place there, so instrumental in the formation of America . . . and so much more.
If you have thoughts or suggestions on something you'd like to see on the site, or information you'd like to share, you may reach me, Sandra, firstname.lastname@example.org, I will add the caveat that we are unable to warehouse your personal research, but if you have any questions about what sorts of things we can add to the site, just contact me.
I'm also happy to announce that we now have our own webmaster, Jane, and if there is a technical concern, please contact her email@example.com.
I have also created a genealogical list for those of us researching the area. The list encompasses the area of the original Pennsylvania established by William Penn (thus the name, Old Chester), and we're pretty 'loose' about the exact area, as many of our ancestors overlapped into what is now in Maryland and Delaware, plus other portions of Pennsylvania, with Philadelphia thrown in for good measure. Many of our list members have data that covers the whole area and are more than happy to lend a hand. So, consider joining us. The address to use to be added to the list is PA-OLD-CHESTER-Lfirstname.lastname@example.org . Send an email to the address and place the one word, subscribe, as the subject. You will be notified if you are successful in subscribing. Make sure you try out the Search Engine to help you explore our website.
My own research in Chester County has been completely fascinating to me, who knew nothing about my Chester roots until I became interested in tracing my ancestors. It was a whole new world, and one that I hope you, too, will experience. I am always interested in hearing your thoughts and, while I am unable to do personal research for individuals, OR PERSONALLY ANSWER QUERIES, I have included, elsewhere on the site, a lookup list that contains many different resources that we volunteers will be happy to help you with . . . however I do ask that you first carefully read the instructions before placing your queries.
For those researching the Chester area, the first internet 'stop' you make should be The Chester County Records and Archives site. It has a large amount of accessible records online, and it tells you exactly what is available at the county level...click on Genealogical, in the left hand column of options. Get there by clicking HERE | <urn:uuid:f3619625-d95a-49c4-9631-4015e298786d> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://chester.pa-roots.com/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368698207393/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516095647-00050-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.973948 | 1,109 | 3.3125 | 3 |
Buongiorno! Wrapping up our grand tour of Italy at Disabled Travelers, today we’re going to visit Vatican City! The Vatican is the home of the Catholic Church and is located in the heart of Rome. Barely over 100 acres, it is an independent city-state ruled by the Bishop of Rome – the Pope. Though it’s a small place, its many legendary religious sites mean that it usually requires a few days to “take in”, just like Rome itself. That’s why we’re giving it a special entry in our ongoing Italy access guide.
St. Peter’s Basilica is the site of the Christmas Eve midnight mass, one of the most important rites on the calendar. Though portions of the Basilica date back as far as the 1500s, it is remarkably accessible. The independent website SaintPetersBasilica.org offers detailed information on access to the Basilica along with other disabled travel resources, including contact info for wheelchair taxis. Wheelchairs rented in Rome can also be used in the Vatican: check out my earlier Rome post for info. For a strong overview of how to maximize your time in the city, look at this article from TripAdvisor. Slow Travel has one more great travelogue to share with us, this one from Vatican, which has a lot of firsthand, insider information not offered anywhere else.
The Museums of the Vatican have a collective website that also includes a mobility impaired access page. The site also provides a map of the recommended tour route for visitors requiring a wheelchair accessible experience. For those visiting the Museums, wheelchairs are provided free of charge and may be rented on the day of the visit by calling ahead or visiting the “special permits” desk in the entrance hall. For visits to the Lateran Apostolic Palace, call-aheads are required a day in advance. Unfortunately, the Papal Gardens are not accessible.
For coin and stamp collectors, take heart that the Vatican Philatelic and Numismatic Office, which issues special commemorative coins and stamps, is located on accessible grounds near the entrance hall and post office of the Museums and has an English language website. The central Vatican City State website has a monuments page you can use to find out more about the various important sites around the city.
Perhaps not surprisingly, there are many tour operators who work in and around the Vatican, sometimes exclusively, sometimes in conjunction with larger Italian itineraries. Nancy Aiello Tours has tours in Rome, Florence, Venice, and “skip the line” wheelchair accessible tours of Vatican attractions. My Vatican Tours offers private tours with wheelchair access but does not welcome wheeled guests on group tours, sadly. Another option is Vatican Tours Online. If you plan to set things up yourself, TickitItaly is useful for booking your museum and attraction tickets.
For handicapped travelers, a good thing to know is that the Vatican does not require wheelchair users or mature visitors to wait in line – they are simply moved ahead as quickly as possible. However, some places will require wheeled guests to use alternative passageways, which is one reason it is relatively hard to get into a Vatican group tour as a disabled traveler. Also be aware that, unless standards have changed recently, each wheelchair user may not be accompanied by more than two people.
Well, that about wraps it up for the Disabled Travelers tour of Italy. Now, granted, there are other terrific sites in the country that we haven’t checked on specifically – Sicily, Piedmont, and many more. But the general resources provided in the earlier posts will go a long way toward setting up a great accessible holiday in these areas. And I’ll be back with an update if there are any noteworthy changes or new discoveries!
Until next time, adventure on! | <urn:uuid:26335b43-f779-4f62-a7b6-07973183f196> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.disabledtravelers.com/blog/2010/02/11/accessible-travel-in-italy-part-3-wheelchair-travel-in-vatican-city/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368696383156/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516092623-00004-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.935771 | 787 | 1.875 | 2 |
Yet, for all the palpable anger on the streets these days, times have never been better for the urban cyclist. In June, Mayor Nutter issued an executive order compelling the city to give equal treatment to bikers, drivers, and pedestrians, redressing an imbalance that has existed virtually since the first Model T rolled off the assembly line.
In short order, his transportation czar, Rina Cutler, launched a bold experiment to put policy into practice. With a few cans of white paint, her staff reconfigured the traffic stripes on Pine and Spruce Streets to transfer a car lane's worth of asphalt to the bicycle. If the new bike lanes pass a city review in December, the city will create more permanent versions, perhaps with colored asphalt, when the two streets undergo their scheduled resurfacing next summer.
To anyone who travels on two wheels, it's already clear that the new bike zone has solved a major headache: getting crosstown in Center City during business hours. The generous lanes, separated from cars by a hatched buffer, provide the missing link in Philadelphia's growing downtown bike circuit, connecting the successful Schuylkill Banks trail to the brand-new, 1.3-mile Delaware River bike path that opened this month between Lombard Street and Pier 70.
Already, bike traffic on the two city streets has more than doubled, according to the Bicycle Coalition of Greater Philadelphia. Just as important, the reallocation of space has brought a welcome order to every form of ambulation. Now that drivers, bikers, and walkers have clearly defined boundaries, they appear to be interacting better on those streets. That can't help but make bikers safer.
For all that, resistance to the new bike lanes remains intense. Some motorists are convinced that any gain for the bicycle is a loss for the car. Exactly one day after the bike lanes debuted, Daily News columnist Stu Bykofsky gave voice to their resentment when he denounced the city's decision to sacrifice "precious space" to two-wheeled vehicles.
"I like bicycles," he explained. "It's bicyclists I hate."
In making his case, Bykofsky offered up the usual litany of accusations against cyclists: They ride on sidewalks. They ignore stop signs and red lights. They weave through traffic.
He's right that some bicyclists ignore the rules. In Pennsylvania, bikes are considered slow-moving vehicles, much like horse-drawn carriages and tractors, and need to follow traffic laws. Sadly, a bicyclist may have been responsible for last week's death of pedestrian Andre Steed near 16th and Locust Streets, a hit-and-run as unconscionable as any involving a car.
But let's remember that drivers don't always behave perfectly either. And those disorderly Goliaths are far more likely to kill you when they break the rules. Yet no one would ever suggest that cars don't deserve space on the city streets because a small percentage of motorists flout the traffic laws.
One of the most common complaints Cutler has heard about the new bike lanes is that they've slowed traffic to a "snail's pace" on Pine and Spruce Streets. Her retort: "Traffic has always moved at a snail's pace."
Actually, calming traffic is a good thing, improving the quality of life for residential neighborhoods and pedestrians alike. Philadelphia has allowed too many downtown streets to evolve into raceways. Besides, the extra driving time on the two streets is minimal: If the traveling speed across Center City is reduced from 30 to 20 miles per hour, that adds just two minutes to the two-mile trip.
Still, it's no surprise that some motorists would perceive themselves as the injured party in the city's decision to reallocate its street space. The same psychology causes people to clamor for more highways and parking garages, even though they know deep down that cities with easy driving and parking are cities that no one cares to visit.
There remain some bugs to work out before Cutler's transportation staff makes the bike lanes permanent. Many drivers see the new zone as a convenient place for short-term, and sometimes, long-term, parking. During a recent trip, it seemed there was at least one vehicle blocking the lane on every block. Contractors' trucks seemed to dominate. The city also allows churchgoers to park in the bike lanes on Sundays, rendering them useless.
Cutler suggests educational advertising could help, followed by stricter police enforcement. That includes getting tough with wayward bicyclists, especially those who ride on the sidewalks.
No less an authority than David Byrne, the former Talking Heads front man, makes a good point in his new book on urban cycling, Bicycle Diaries. "If bikers want to be treated better by motorists and pedestrians then they have to obey the traffic laws."
So next time a motorist stops you at a red light, tell him that's exactly what you're doing.
Contact architecture critic Inga Saffron at 215-854-2213 or firstname.lastname@example.org. | <urn:uuid:cae0f92c-d735-4fa2-aa68-4790507b0cf2> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://articles.philly.com/2009-10-30/news/24987724_1_bike-lanes-new-bike-taxi-driver | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368710006682/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516131326-00018-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.96477 | 1,043 | 1.820313 | 2 |
Science & Medicine
[LESS INFO] 74 VIEWS | ADDED 03:30:00 04/15/09
The world's climate is changing and California is now being affected in both dramatic and subtle ways. Get an in-depth look at the science behind climate change as we explore the environmental changes taking place throughout the state.
[LESS INFO] 70 VIEWS | ADDED 03:30:00 04/08/09
Call them demolition derby astrophysicists: NASA scientists in Mountain View are building a spaceship they will deliberately crash into the moon later this year, sending up a 40-mile high cloud of debris. Their goal? To find water, in the form of ice, which could one day support a moon base.
[LESS INFO] 46 VIEWS | ADDED 03:30:00 03/25/09
Everyone knows that eight planets orbit the Sun. But thousands of other objects, including icy comets and football field-sized asteroids, are also zooming around our solar system. And some of them could be on a collision course with Earth. QUEST explores how these Near Earth Objects are being tracked and what scientists are saying should be done to prevent a deadly impact.
[LESS INFO] 53 VIEWS | ADDED 03:30:00 03/18/09
The Hindenburg wasn't the only air ship to end in a catastrophic crash. In 1935, the USS Macon went down in 1000 feet of water off the coast of Monterey, California. Now, as scientists study the recently-discovered wreckage, dirigibles are returning to the Bay Area and are poised to rule the skies once again. But these aren’t the same dirigibles - these are new and improved.
[LESS INFO] 30 VIEWS | ADDED 03:30:00 03/18/09
Ever wonder how to make krill shakes, squid tacos or fishy sausages to tempt the taste buds of a 400-pound mola mola? The chefs at the Monterey Bay Aquarium prepare such meals daily to feed thousands of species, from otters to octopi to sharks. Find out what it takes to come up with nutritious and tasty meals for diners with wild appetites.
[LESS INFO] 49 VIEWS | ADDED 03:30:00 03/18/09
Photographer Laura Watt has lived in the Bay Area for most of her life but it was not until she started sailing in San Francisco Bay at age 35 that she began to appreciate the patterns, textures and colors of the precious water that surrounds us all. Self-described as "trawler trash," she lives aboard her boat in San Rafael's Loch Lomand Marina, granting her a front row seat to the dynamic body of water that she captures so well in her moody, intimate images.
[LESS INFO] 81 VIEWS | ADDED 03:30:00 03/03/09
As the Bay Area has become more urban, many wild animals have disappeared. But not mountain lions. These large cats live surprisingly close to us, and yet they're not as dangerous as many believe. Now, researchers in the mountains north of Santa Cruz are using new technology to learn more about these elusive animals.
[LESS INFO] 48 VIEWS | ADDED 03:30:00 02/12/09
Melting glaciers, rising temperatures and droughts - all are impacts of global warming. What receives much less attention is the toll that climate change is taking on the health of our oceans. The sea, it turns out, absorbs carbon dioxide emissions, which are causing it to become more acidic. Changing pH levels threaten the entire marine food chain from coral reefs to salmon.
[LESS INFO] 37 VIEWS | ADDED 03:30:00 02/11/09
It's been 150 years since Charles Darwin published On the Origin of Species. Yet his ideas remain as central to scientific exploration as ever. QUEST follows researchers who are still unlocking the mysteries of evolution, like entomologist David Kavanaugh, who predicted that a new beetle species would be found on the Trinity Alps. Find out if his prediction came true...
[LESS INFO] 58 VIEWS | ADDED 03:30:00 11/26/08
Humans and dogs have been partners for thousands of years. Now our canine friends are joining the fight against cancer. Researchers are training dogs to to smell cancer in the breath samples of human patients. And by studying cancers in dogs, we may discover new treatments for cancer in human and canine cancer patients.
[LESS INFO] 52 VIEWS | ADDED 03:30:00 11/26/08
If you're looking to buy an all-electric car you can drive on the freeway, your options are limited. $100,000 will buy you an electric sports car from Tesla. But an affordable all-electric vehicle remains elusive, due to the difficulty in making a battery that is powerful, long-lasting, and cheap. QUEST visits a local battery laboratory and investigates the odds of a breakthrough.
[LESS INFO] 33 VIEWS | ADDED 03:30:00 11/19/08
Solar and wind power may get the headlines when it comes to renewable energy. But another type of clean power is heating up in the hills just north of Sonoma wine country. Geothermal power uses heat from deep inside the Earth to generate electricity. The Geysers, the world's largest power-producing geothermal field, has been providing electricity for roughly 850,000 Northern California households, and is set to expand even further. | <urn:uuid:901b0419-48a5-4d91-9b78-7a821f86ff90> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.channels.com/feeds/show/3337/Animal-Chefs?page=10 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368711005985/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516133005-00049-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.932358 | 1,144 | 2.484375 | 2 |
Is ExxonMobil Greedier than the Government?
We’re doing some behinds the scenes research on what works in infographics. The point of these is to convey a slice of important data in graphical form so it’s a quick read and easy to digest. But what about the title? What influence does that have on your reading of the data? Did this title catch your eye?
What if we had changed our blog title to: Infographics: A Look at the Subtleties of Messaging. Let’s consider that the subtitle for this post.
Recently, we posted the “Should Taxes be MORE than Company Profits” graphic. The leading question in the title is less emotion-invoking than the “greedy” title above. But the goal is the same…to get people to stop and think about how much of business earnings should be given to the government vs invested back in operations (jobs, equipment, new facilities) and dividends (gotta keep the stockholders happy to have access to capital for future needs).
Of course, how we pose the leading question has a lot to do with what people we’re trying to reach. The above title is asked fairly matter-of-factly, even though we added a little emphasis to MORE. But it’s not positioned to be an activist’s spin tool.
The “greedy” title, and the subject of this blog post, “Is ExxonMobil Greedier Than the Government?” refers to the same graphic, same data, but notice how your reaction changes when we introduce a word like greedy.
Hmmm, maybe I’ve found a new calling in life — to expose the spin in politics and hopefully desensitize the public to its effects. | <urn:uuid:edc83b9d-61fa-41da-835f-7a4edb05e097> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://blog.telesian.com/exxonmobil-greedier-than-the-government/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368708766848/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516125246-00028-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.933478 | 376 | 1.648438 | 2 |
Sunday, March 3, 2013
After the deadly police chase and shooting in Cleveland in November, that city's police department this month announced it will be testing 32 body cameras to be worn by officers on duty.
As the cameras become more common, area police departments are looking at bringing them to their officers.
Before Mentor Police Chief Kevin Knight was sworn in last month, the department discussed acquiring body cameras, but ultimately decided on upgrading the video system in the cruisers, Knight said.
"We can still go to it as an option if we want to," he said.
Initially, officers tend not to like the idea of wearing a camera, but it helps them more than hurts them, the chief said.
In speaking with FBI agents who have worn body cameras, it's been discovered that in most cases, the footage exonerates officers of any wrong doing, Knight said.
Kirtland Police Chief Wayne C. Baumgart agreed that body cameras are beneficial to both officers and the public.
The cameras can provide reliable court evidence and can record things out of the range of the dashboard cameras, Baumgart said.
"It has only proven to be a benefit to the officers," the chief said.
The biggest problem with the cameras is the cost that many departments just cannot afford. The Kirtland department is struggling to find funding just for updated police cruisers, Baumgart said.
To work around this issue, he said he has heard of officers who want to have body cameras for their own protection, so they buy one on their own.
He has even seen stun guns that feature a built in camera.
"The quality might not be as good, but it could still be helpful," he said.
Baumgart also said the cameras could greatly limit an officer's discretion. Because they know everything they do is being recorded, officers may tend to follow strict protocol instead of using their own experience in how to best handle incidents.
While he was police chief in Euclid, Baumgart helped bring dashcams to the force. Those cameras exonerated officers against about nine out of 10 complaints during his tenure, he said.
Baumgart told a memorable story from when the dashcams were fairly new. A lawyer was representing a client who had filed a lawsuit against an officer. The lawyer requested to see the dashcam video of the incident, hoping it would support his client's case. The video clearly showed the officer was not at fault, Baumgart said.
"He just came out shaking his head," the chief said.
Baumgart has heard similar complaints from officers about the prospect of body cameras as Knight has, but he does not see why it would change an officer's behavior.
"Officers should be doing the professional thing anyway," Baumgart said.
"Everyone has a camera now on their phones, so what's another camera going to do?" | <urn:uuid:83a9c6a5-21f5-47dd-8e62-38207020d7b9> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.news-herald.com/articles/2013/03/03/news/nh6606083.prt | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368711005985/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516133005-00050-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.985934 | 597 | 1.648438 | 2 |
Business Ethics: Bus- 309
April 27, 2012
Describe how typical the attitudes that Sheehy reports appear to be in work environments you have experienced.
According to Sheehy the attitudes in his work environment seems to be very typical and work experience were different. Sheehy portrayed the attitude of his employees are, as a whole generation of frightening new work ethics. The employees portray a unscrupulous attitude and behavior, some even dragged their tasks or put it on hold, some didn’t recognize the job as a real job that one could be happy and satisfied with but just a way to make some extra cash. Their customer service skills meant getting rid of the customer as fast as possible and make the quality and service of the business very poor (pg. 164-165).
Sheehy employees and my work experience were very different; my co-workers were into what they were doing and enjoyed their job as well as the tasks. They valued the fact that they had a job, versus no job, no money to feed or take care of their family. Everyone also worked together to get the job done professionally and if someone was behind or needed help, another co-worker would pitch in to help them out and never complained about it or the person being slow or not knowing what they were doing and they did not have to ask to do this. Although, most were minorities, no one acted like they were different or try to put each other down because they were different. We all treated each other with respect and courtesy, we were as one and we came together as one, as a working group. Working together turned out to be the best for the workers the employers and it worked out for the best for us and the business as well.
Explain the implications of the work ethic Sheehy describes for the future of Americans business.
The implications of the work... [continues]
Cite This Essay
(2012, 04). Case 4.4 a New Work Ethiic. StudyMode.com. Retrieved 04, 2012, from http://www.studymode.com/essays/Case-4-4-A-New-Work-Ethiic-985054.html
"Case 4.4 a New Work Ethiic" StudyMode.com. 04 2012. 04 2012 <http://www.studymode.com/essays/Case-4-4-A-New-Work-Ethiic-985054.html>.
"Case 4.4 a New Work Ethiic." StudyMode.com. 04, 2012. Accessed 04, 2012. http://www.studymode.com/essays/Case-4-4-A-New-Work-Ethiic-985054.html. | <urn:uuid:9dc52f3d-10e4-47ad-8b2c-9414b0446556> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.studymode.com/essays/Case-4-4-A-New-Work-Ethiic-985054.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368700264179/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516103104-00038-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.980113 | 575 | 2.1875 | 2 |
|The 4th Social Informatics SIG Research Symposium: People, Information and Technology: The Social Analysis of Computing|
Half Day Workshop, Saturday, Oct. 25, 2008, 8:30am-12:30pm (separate fee)
Sponsor: SIG SI
Co-sponsor: SIGs: SIG USE, SIG Digital Library, SIG CRIT, with support from the Rob Kling Center for Social Informatics, Indiana University
The symposium will have three objectives:
To disseminate state of the art research-in-progress between and among the various ASIST SIGs whose work touches on social aspects of information and communication technologies (ICT).
To help each other develop and strengthen this research in a friendly symposium environment.
To continue the successful social networking among symposium participants from previous workshops, and to draw in new colleagues.
While information and communication technologies (ICT) were once seen as a discrete sub-interest within the our field, theoretical and empirical studies of ICT, people, and information, particularly in the worlds of work and sociality, now pervade most interest groups within ASIST. ICT are increasingly a part of the core goals, stubborn problems, and research streams across the subfields of Library and Information Science. In keeping with the theme of the conference, the relationships of mutual shaping between people and information, as mediated by technology, have been objects of study within social informatics for years; the assumption of the fundamental importance of mutual shaping is well accepted among social informatics researchers. According to Horton, Davenport, and Wood-Harper (2005; 52) “the impetus for researchers to consider both social and technical aspects as mutually constitutive as a means of understanding technology introduction and use had a growing audience.”
Starting with a broad conceptualization of ICT that emphasizes technologies in tandem with the data, information or cultural resources they store, transport and display, this symposium will highlight research focusing on the social realities of ICT based information systems (broadly defined) and their roles in the transformative relationships between people and information in order to better understand the following types of questions:
How are the design, implementation, use, disuse, and ongoing reconfiguration of information and ICTs influenced by social groups, organizations, politics, and culture? How do information and ICTs shape those creating, implementing and using them?
What are the roles of information and information systems in ongoing social change at various levels of social analysis such as groups, organizational units, political entities or cultural systems?
What are the complex reciprocal relationships among information, information systems and the people, social groups and environments that surround and pervade them?
What are the variations in meanings or interpretations of information systems across social groups?
What are the moral or ethnical consequences of ICT system development and use?
The symposium organizers encourage all scholars, both beginning and established, interested in social aspects of information systems (broadly defined) to share their research in progress by submitting an extended abstract of their work and attending the symposium.
iii) Proposed program: The symposium participation call for abstracts will be sent to all SIG chairs in order to maximize cross SIG participation. In addition, officers of SIG-SI, SIG-USE and SIG-CRIT have already made commitments to encourage participation, submit work, organize the abstract submission process, and help manage the actual event.
Submissions will be in the form of short papers of no more than 2,000 words including sources and appendixes. All submissions will be peer reviewed. This year, the symposium will accept fewer submissions but provide a longer period of time for each participant to present his or her work. All accepted papers will be posted on the dLIST institutional repository for library and information science.
The symposium will involve the presentation of a series of papers, two discussants who will comment on the papers, and a keynote address by a senior scholar who will discuss the main theme of the symposium, a critical appraisal of the transformative relationships between people and information, as mediated by technology.
Receive a $10 discount, if you take this SIG SI course and Future Directions: Information Behavior in Design & the Making of Relevant Research (1:00-6:00pm) | <urn:uuid:e486719c-8675-4c6b-ac98-7c291186f82f> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.asis.org/Conferences/AM08/SIGSI.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368702810651/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516111330-00044-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.919501 | 878 | 1.84375 | 2 |
What price in the name of safety, to paraphrase a familiar cliche. Well, apparently it’s gonna cost plenty if you’re an automaker.
The Insurance Institute for Highway Safety plans to release results of its latest vehicular crash tests later this week. The private, non-profit organization is keenly watched by both automakers and the car-buying public. While no IIHS results and recommendations are legally binding on automakers, its Top Safety Picks are valued as much as, if not more, as the star safety rating system by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration.
The IIHS’ new test involves front end crashes. Unlike previous tests, which measure impact of a vehicle going at 40 mpg against a barrier with 40 percent overlap, the new one involves a barrier with 25 percent overlap. Such “small overlap” crashes account for 25 percent of the 100,000 fatal front-crash accidents per year. In such accidents, the fragile steering wheel is absorbed the impact instead of the vehicle’s crash cell.
The IIHS has tested 11 mid-sized vehicles for this new test. IIHS Institute President Adrian Lund believes automakers will make alterations to their vehicles’ front ends once the results are released. Automakers who apparently have seen the results have already expressed concerns with such alternations. Honda and Mercedes-Benz, for example, can see such new front ends affecting their vehicles drivability and performance. Vehicle costs could rise as well, something the IIHS acknowledges. States Lund, “There’s no free lunch. Yes, it’s going to cost some money to change the vehicles. Probably, in the early designs, it may add some additional weight to vehicles as well. We suspect that, over time, automakers will be designing from scratch to do well in this and then they will be more efficient about how they build it.”
Source: Automotive News (Subscription required) | <urn:uuid:01142760-490c-4dd0-a8e4-4ff9200a3a9b> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://blogs.automotive.com/why-upcoming-iihs-test-results-may-raise-future-car-prices-106499.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368701852492/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516105732-00008-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.947873 | 400 | 1.875 | 2 |
|Written by Sally Fallon and Mary G. Enig, PhD|
|Monday, 31 December 2001 20:49|
Any effort to ensure optimal nutrition of your baby must begin long before he or she is conceived. The wisdom of primitive peoples is vastly superior to our own in this regard, in that a common practice among isolated groups is the feeding of special foods to both men and women for a period of time before conception occurs. Dr. Weston Price's studies revealed that these foods—including organ meats, fish heads, fish eggs, shell fish, insects and animal fats—were rich in fat-soluble vitamins A and D as well as macro and trace minerals. Couples planning to have children should eat liberally of organic liver and other organ meats, fish eggs and other seafood, eggs and the best quality butter, cream and fermented milk products they can obtain for at least six months before conception. A daily cod liver oil supplement is also advised. (See note on cod liver oil, page 616.) Organic meats, vegetables, grains and legumes should round out the diet, with a special emphasis on the leafy green vegetables rich in folic acid, which is necessary for the prevention of birth defects like spinal bifida.
A good rule for pregnant women is liver once a week, at least two eggs per day and 1 teaspoon cod liver oil daily. A daily ration of superfoods, such as evening primrose oil, bee pollen, mineral powder, wheat germ oil and acerola, will provide optimal amounts of nutrients for your unborn child. Beet kvass (page 608) and kombucha (page 596), with their liver cleansing properties, are useful in preventing future morning sickness—as are foods rich in vitamin B6, such as raw fish and raw meat (pages 231-242).
A cleansing fast, undertaken six months or more before conception, is a good idea; but during the six months before conception and nine months of pregnancy it is vital to consume nutrient-dense foods. Every attempt should be made to enhance the digestibility of the diet through meat broths and the inclusion of lacto-fermented grains, beverages and condiments. All empty calories and harmful substances should be eliminated—sugar, white flour, hydrogenated and rancid vegetable oils, excess of polyunsaturated oils, tobacco, caffeine and alcohol. Oral contraceptives should be avoided during this preparatory period as these deplete many nutrients, particularly zinc, the "intelligence mineral."
The importance of breast-feeding your baby, especially during his first few months, cannot be overemphasized. Breast milk is perfectly designed for your baby's physical and mental development. Breast-fed babies tend to be more robust, more intelligent and freer from allergies and other complaints, especially intestinal difficulties, than those on formula. In addition, colostrum produced by the mammary glands during the first few days of a baby's life helps guard him against colds, flu, polio, staph infections and viruses.
It must be emphasized, however, that the quality of mother's milk depends greatly on her diet. Sufficient animal products will ensure proper amounts of vitamin B12, A and D as well as all-important minerals like zinc in her milk. Lactating women should continue with a diet that emphasizes liver, eggs and cod liver oil. Whole milk products and stock made from bones will ensure that her baby receives adequate calcium.
Pesticides and other toxins will be present in mother's milk if they are present in the diet, so all care should be taken to consume organic foods of both plant and animal origin during pregnancy and lactation. Organic foods also provide more omega-3 fatty acids needed for baby's optimal development. Hydrogenated fats should be strictly avoided as these result in reduced fat content in mother's milk. Trans fats accumulate in mother's milk and can lead to decreased visual acuity and learning difficulties in the infant.
Breast-feeding should ideally be continued for six months to a year. If mother's milk is not adequate or of good quality, or if the mother is unable to breast feed for whatever reason, a homemade baby formula, rather than a commercial formula, can be used. Commercial infant formulas are highly fabricated concoctions composed of milk or soy powders produced by high-temperature processes that overdenature proteins and add many carcinogens. Milk-based formulas often cause allergies while soy-based formulas contain mineral-blocking phytic acid, growth inhibitors and plant forms of estrogen compounds that can have adverse effects on the hormonal development in the infant. Soy-based formulas are also devoid of cholesterol, needed for the development of the brain and nervous system.
Fortunately, it is possible to compose a formula that closely resembles mother's milk. Whenever possible this formula should be based on raw organic milk, from cows certified free of tuberculosis and brucellosis. The milk should come from cows that eat food appropriate to cows, which is green grass in the warm months and hay and root vegetables in the winter, not soy or cottonseed meal. Ideally, the milk should come from Jersey or Guernsey cows, rather than Holsteins, so that it has a high butterfat content. This may be purchased at the farm in some states. Of course, such milk should be produced under the cleanest possible conditions and stored in sterilized containers. But the milk should be unheated. Properly produced raw milk does not pose a danger to your baby, in spite of what numerous public health propagandists may assert. Raw milk contains enzymes and antibodies that make it less susceptible to bacterial contamination than pasteurized milk, while many toxins that cause diarrhea and other ailments survive the pasteurization process. Your nose will tell you if raw milk is contaminated or spoiled—but pasteurized milk may be seriously contaminated with no telltale warning odor. Raw milk is easier for your baby to digest than pasteurized and less likely to cause cramps, constipation and allergies. If it is not possible for you to obtain certified raw milk, begin with the best quality pasteurized whole milk you can find, milk that is not homogenized, and culture it for 12 hours with piima culture or kefir grains to restore enzymes lost through pasteurization (pages 83 and 88). Or, you may prepare a milk-free formula made from organic liver. Organic liver should also be added to formula made from goat milk, as goat milk is deficient in iron, folic acid and vitamin B12.
Both our milk-based and meat-based formulas have been designed to provide maximum possible correspondence with the various components of human milk. Our milk-based formula takes account of the fact that human milk is richer in whey, lactose, vitamin C, niacin, manganese and long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids compared to cows milk but leaner in casein (milk protein). The addition of gelatin to cow's milk formula will make it more digestible for the infant. The liver-based formula also mimics the nutrient profile of mother's milk. Use only truly expeller-expressed oils (see Sources) in the formula recipes, otherwise they may lack vitamin E.
A wise supplement for all babies—whether breast fed or bottle fed—is an egg yolk per day, beginning at four months. Egg yolk supplies cholesterol needed for mental development as well as important sulphur-containing amino acids. Egg yolks from pasture-fed hens or hens raised on flax meal, fish meal or insects are also rich in the omega-3 long-chain fatty acids found in mother's milk but which may be lacking in cow's milk. These fatty acids are essential for the development of the brain. Parents who institute the practice of feeding egg yolk to baby will be rewarded with children who speak and take directions at an early age. The white, which contains difficult-to-digest proteins, should not be given before the age of one year. Small amounts of grated, raw organic liver may be added occasionally to the egg yolk after six months. This imitates the practice of African mothers who chew liver before giving it to their infants as their first food. Liver is rich in iron, the one mineral that tends to be low in mother's milk possibly because iron competes with zinc for absorption.
An unfortunate practice in industrial societies is the feeding of cereal grains to infants. Babies produce only small amounts of amylase, needed for the digestion of grains, and are not fully equipped to handle cereals, especially wheat, before the age of one year. (Some experts prohibit all grains before the age of two.) Baby's small intestine mostly produces one enzyme for carbohydrates—lactase, for the digestion of lactose. (Raw milk also contains lactase.) Many doctors have warned that feeding cereal grains too early can lead to grain allergies later on. Baby's earliest solid foods should be animal foods as his digestive system, although immature, is better equipped to supply enzymes for digestion of fats and proteins rather than carbohydrates.
Carbohydrate in the form of fresh, mashed banana can be added after the age of six months as bananas are rich in amylase enzymes and, thus, are easily digested by most infants. Some preindustrial societies give a gruel of cereal grains, soaked 24 hours, to babies one year or older. Soaking in an acidic medium neutralizes phytates and begins the breakdown of carbohydrates, thus allowing children to obtain optimum nourishment from grains. It also provides lactic acid to the intestinal tract to facilitate mineral uptake.
At the age of about ten months, meats, fruits and vegetables may be introduced, one at a time so that any adverse reactions may be observed. Carbohydrate foods, such as potatoes, carrots, turnips, etc., should be mashed with butter. (Don't overdo on the orange vegetables as baby's immature liver may have difficulty converting carotenoids to vitamin A. If your baby's skin develops a yellowish color, a sign that he is not making the conversion, discontinue orange vegetables for a time.) Lacto-fermented taro or other roots (page 102) make an excellent carbohydrate food for babies. It is wise to feed babies a little buttermilk or yoghurt from time to time to familiarize them with the sour taste. Above all, do not deprive your baby of animal fats—he needs them for optimum physical growth and mental development. Mother's milk contains over 50% of its calories as fat, much of it saturated fat, and children need these kinds of fats throughout their growing years.
It is unwise to give baby fruit juices, especially apple juice, which provide only simple carbohydrates and will often spoil an infant's appetite for more nutritious foods. Sorbitol, a sugar-alcohol in apple juice, is difficult to digest. Studies have linked failure to thrive in children with diets high in apple juice. High -fructose foods are especially dangerous for growing children.
Remember that babies should be chubby and children should be sturdy and strong, not slim. Babies need body fat to achieve optimum growth. The fat around their ankles, knees, elbows and wrists is growth fat that ensures adequate nourishment to the growth plates at the ends of the bones. Fat babies grow up into sturdy, well-formed adults, neither too tall nor too short and either slender or stocky depending on genetic heritage.
Keep your baby away from processed junk foods as long as possible—but do not think that you can do this indefinitely. Unless you lock your child in a closet—or live in a closed community of like-minded parents—he will come in contact with junk foods sooner or later. His best protection is the optimal diet that you have given him during his infancy and your loving example and training in later years.
Copyright: From: Nourishing Traditions: The Cookbook that Challenges Politically Correct Nutrition and the Diet Dictocrats by Sally Fallon and Mary G. Enid, PhD. © 1999. All Rights Reserved. To order contact www.newtrendspublishing.com.
About the Authors
written by Chris Thompson, Aug 05 2012
Liver, Low-rated comment [Show]
Breastfeeding is ideal
written by Clinton Wasylishen, Apr 26 2011
The words used were Ideally 6-12 months to breastfeed NOT "Do Not feed after 12 months". I've most women stop breast feeding after 3months!
written by Jeannie, Dec 19 2010
This advice is HARMFUL, Low-rated comment [Show]
..., Low-rated comment [Show]
written by Emily, Sep 18 2010
written by oaklee, Jul 28 2010
The Healthy Home Economist
written by Sarah, WAPF Tampa/St. Pete Chapter Leader, Apr 16 2010
|Last Updated on Monday, 09 April 2012 12:39| | <urn:uuid:4876024c-7f88-4d64-8aed-8ea20f7d0432> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.westonaprice.org/childrens-health/feeding-babies | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368698207393/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516095647-00004-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.940009 | 2,680 | 2.25 | 2 |
Streaming media content providers face a variety of adversaries. At the large scale at which they operate, they can justify defense in breadth: different techniques against different adversaries. Existing analysis techniques awkwardly handle questions about a distribution of adversaries against an evolving series of protocols. Contemporary streaming-media protocols eschew full-stream DRM in favor of token-based authentication at the start of each connection. Very recent protocols from several vendors package content in chunks of a few seconds each, rather than a stream continuing for an entire film or live event. Practical attackers work by copy and paste of these authentication tokens, sharing URLs to pay-per-view content in chat rooms or web forums. Others use ``deep links'' to chunks or lists of chunks to view freely available media in ways that violate the wishes of the providers. Accidental behaviors of so-called transparent proxies similarly violate the goals of the providers. We formalize these attacker descriptions in terms of an adversary who can only comprehend some tags in a tagged-concatenation Strand Spaces model. We use this model to show how current streaming protections work and fail, and suggest directions for new streaming media protocols.
MITRE Tech Report 2007 (PDF)
The design of a trusted system based on the Trusted Computing Group's Trusted Platform Module (TPM) was analyzed to understand the role and trust relationships of the TPM, firmware, and software modules involved. The objective was to confirm that the measurements stored and reported by the TPM can successfully discriminate a normal boot sequence, which leaves trusted system software in control, from an insecure one, where some trusted modules might have been replaced by malicious ones. The principal tool used in the analysis was the SMV symbolic model checker.
MITRE Tech Report 2007 (PDF)
Attestation is the activity of making a claim about properties of a target by supplying evidence to an appraiser. An open-ended framework for attestation is desirable for safe support to sensitive or highvalue activities on heterogeneous networks.
We identify five central principles to guide development of attestation systems. We argue that (i) attestation must be able to deliver temporally fresh evidence; (ii) comprehensive information about the target should be accessible; (iii) the target, or its owner, should be able to constrain disclosure of information about the target; (iv) attestation claims should have explicit semantics to allow decisions to depend on several claims; and (v) the underlying attestation mechanism must be trustworthy.
We propose an architecture for attestation that is guided by these principles, as well as an implementation that adheres to this architecture. Virtualized platforms, which are increasingly well supported on stock hardware, provide a natural basis for our attestation architecture.
MITRE Tech Report 2006 (PDF)
A compositional approach to protocol design and analysis is recognized as advantageous. We wish to perform design decomposition in a way that permits independent design and verification of components, and preserves security and correctness goals when the components are recombined. There are many different ways in which composition can be interpreted and implemented. Our version of composition applies to the design of secure protocols. Our objective is to extend verification techniques based on abstract encryption models to protocols that incorporate or implement encapsulated services.
MITRE Tech Report 2006 (PDF)
MITRE has developed Polgen, a tool for human-guided semi-automated policy generation. We initially designed Polgen for use by security administrators confronting unfamiliar programs and obliged to integrate them into existing policy. However, SE Linux adoption will come about when application authors can also at least bootstrap the policy generation process. Polgen works by processing traces of the dynamic behavior of a target program. By observing information flow patterns such as Pipeline, Interpreter, or Proxy in that behavior, Polgen creates new types when appropriate and generates policy based on the patterns it has detected. Because the dynamic behavior is insufficient to fully inform security policy, Polgen presents a wizard-style interface for human interaction. We call the interaction “guided automatic policy generation.” This paper highlights the needs for type generation support, Polgen's pattern recognition capability, and our future plans for human-guided automation. The primary challenges are the introduction of new types, and the use of the M4 macro language as the primary vehicle for abstraction.
Trust in Global Computing 2005 (postproceedings, LNCS 3705) (PDF)
A programming language for cryptographic protocols eases design and implementation of application-specific protocols for tasks such as electronic commerce and distributed access control. The language provides and minimal expressiveness useful for defining new protocols. We give the language a semantics via strand spaces, so that the designer can prove that a new protocol meets the security goals. This semantics also motivates a compilation strategy, yielding protocol implementations faithful to their verified behavior.
We also aim to clarify the relation between the abstract models used in protocol verification and the actual behavior of protocols as implemented.
European Symposium on Programming 2004 (PDF)
Baccalaureate Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2000 (PDF)
The Free Haven Project is a distributed anonymous data haven: a way of anonymously storing and retrieving files. It's designed to encourage free speech in places where that's currently difficult, and to remove the repercussions for being associated with unpopular ideas. The messaging component of Freehaven evolved into the Tor anonymizing overlay network.
This is a demonstration of how easy it is to write software for Linux, X11, and Gnome using the Glade interface generator, and then to package it for Debian. I'd written a moderate amount of software before, but had not worked with any of these environments; this program took me about two hours from conception to final packaging. Most of that was fiddling with interface possibilities. It happens that Dieroller is a useful demo: some friends and I use it when playing games which otherwise require rolling buckets of dice.
Coins is a Palm Pilot application to flip a bunch of coins in a row, until it gets a certain number of heads. This is a common mechanic in some LARPs, and I always seem to drop the coins and have them skid off into corners. It's much nicer to hit a few buttons and go back to talking to people while the program clicks away.
A simple tool to generate random treasure for monsters in a D3D game. The treasure table is not complete, but I welcome additions and will add them to the tool. Requires Python to run.
This is a collection of perl and postscript code to generate pretty wall-poster schedules. I picked it up from somebody at MIT and modified it further; I think the color code came from Richard Tibbetts. It's of limited usefulness for somebody whose schedule isn't as fixed as most college students.
zchosen, zr and zrandom are Perl scripts which select a short phrase from a flat database for use as a signature. They're not useful in their current forms outside of the MIT Zephyr environment, but zchosen in particular has some neat ideas which could easily be adapted to e-mail signatures: it looks at the text of your message, and tries to pick the most relevant signature, based on words in common which are otherwise rare. Zchosen was originally written by Roger Dingledine, and zr and zrandom are based on dozens of examples — these might be cribbed from zsig randomizers by Jay Muchnij and Joe Foley, but I'm no longer certain.
These are the configuration files for my setup of Zsh, Emacs, Gnus, X11, and Ratpoison (an X11 Windowmanager).
The human mind is meant to solve problems. That's how we learn and grow. Games are fun: our brains reward us for training. Easy games are less fun. Hard games are more fun. Narrow games are less fun. Broad games, encompassing many skills, are more fun. Games which develop tactics, resource allocation, creativity, and public speaking are no longer uncommon. The glass-bead game is not yet written, but here follow notes and resources for some of my favorites.
The glass-bead game does not yet exist, but the sprawling, weeks-long games of the MIT Assassins' Guild are one approximation. I have contributed to five:
Summer 2003, with Kat Allen and Andy Menard
That is not a misspelling. This is a game in the tradition of the Guild's "Antartic Base" games, focusing on teams of Space Marines sent to pacify and reconstruct a Vespid world.
Five runs, Spring–Fall 2000, with Ariel Segall and Charles "Ricky" Leiserson, Jr.
Hive is a one-night game for about twenty players set in the Tattoine cantina made famous in George Lucas' Star Wars.
January–April 2000, with Ariel Segall
Gathering was meant to run for only a month, with a few dozen players. It eventually continued for 100 days, involving nearly thirty people. We learned a great deal about the embedded narrative structures necessary to push a game to conflict and closure. In other words, it far overran its slot because the characters reached a stable state of simmering cold conflict.
Spring 1997, with Jim Waldrop
Assault was an experiment in the comparative tactics of offense and defense. The run-time experience is the first time I understood the O-O-D-A loop concept.
February 1997, with Debbie Rhoads, Mike "Hex" Moore, Jim "Fnord" Waldrop, Larry "Larry" DeLucas, and Camilla Fox.
Showdown is a ten-day game for 60 persons. A team of six wrote it in two months. This is considered unusual. Running it certainly cost each of us a point or more of GPA, many hours of sleep, and more than a few points of sanity.
Lots of college students play "Killer", "Assassin", or similar. At MIT, those are called "Circles of Death". My own variant rules for Circles are one node of the bushy tree of evolution of such games. | <urn:uuid:8684bea2-94b4-4962-9e66-95a88050e598> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.evenmere.org/users/bts/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368705559639/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516115919-00041-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.930645 | 2,083 | 1.796875 | 2 |
This super-simple story with bold, cartoon-style illustrations features just two characters, the Easter Bunny and a skunk, and one joke: The overly enthusiastic skunk can’t control his excitement, leading repeatedly to unpleasantly odiferous results.
The Easter Bunny clearly explains the process for dyeing Easter eggs, with a few numbered steps and easy instructions in speech balloons. The skunk releases his stench at each step until the Easter Bunny sends him outside. After pleading to be reinstated as the Easter Bunny’s assistant, the skunk is allowed to help deliver the finished eggs, but the bunny has protected himself with a clothespin on his nose. The story isn't much; all the fun is in Thomas’ cleverly rendered facial expressions, body language and Saturday-morning-cartoon pacing. The simple plot and bold, heavily outlined illustrations, as well as the stinky-funny humor will appeal to kids in the early elementary grades as well as to older children with limited reading ability. The directions for making Easter eggs are repeated in numbered format on the last spread.
An amusing approach to a popular springtime craft, presented with a spray of not-so-subtle humor. (Picture book. 4-10) | <urn:uuid:9ca2d7f2-2c55-464e-b04b-7c8865d399ea> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.kirkusreviews.com/book-reviews/jan-thomas/easter-bunnys-assistant/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368702448584/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516110728-00005-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.961648 | 257 | 2.90625 | 3 |
Since 1995, the Boston Schoolyard Initiative (BSI) has been transforming Boston's schoolyards from barren asphalt lots into dynamic centers for recreation, learning and community life. School-by-school, neighborhood-by-neighborhood, BSI has reached children, families, community members and teachers with vibrant outdoor spaces for increased physical activity and creative new approaches to using the schoolyard for teaching and learning. We accomplish our work through a public-private partnership between the City of Boston, Boston Public Schools and the Boston Schoolyard Funders Collaborative. The Commmunity Ecionomic Development Assistance Corporation serves as our fiscal sponsor.
BSI’s impact on Boston’s neighborhoods has been profound:
- 84 schoolyards revitalized
- 25,000 school children reached
- 130 acres of asphalt reclaimed
Principals report that BSI schoolyards lead to increased physical activity (100%); improved student behavior (63.2%) and improved relationships with parents and community (73.7%).*
The BSI model continues to evolve. New outdoor classroom designs, included in every schoolyard renovation, bring teaching outdoors and nature to the schoolyard. Green practices, including green roofs on tool shed and recycled rubber surfaces are now often a part of schoolyard design and construction. And BSI teaching resources and professional development help teachers revitalize instruction and motivate students to learn. BSI-designed Science in the Schoolyard and Outdoor Writers Workshop training are reaching teachers and whole faculties, creating teams of teachers within schools and across the district who incorporate the schoolyard into teaching and learning.
*BPS principal survey, 2009 | <urn:uuid:b84e6755-eb4a-40c1-b8a2-645988d78aa8> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://schoolyards.org/about.over.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368709037764/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516125717-00067-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.955592 | 352 | 2.203125 | 2 |
The Oxford English Dictionary has 368 words with first citations from 1956. In that year, pencil-necked geeks working in computer science came up with both microcomputers and Fortran, while their counterparts in materials science invented Lexan and Scotchgard; comitology took paper-pushing to new heights; the glitterati of New York, sporting Tony Curtises, could accept their Obies; and Tylenol started to be dispensed over the counter.
Events of 1956:
- January: Writers H. L. Mencken and A. A. Milne die.
- February: Spies Guy Burgess and Donald Maclean resurface in the Soviet Union after having been missing for five years; Elvis Presley makes the charts for the first time with Heartbreak Hotel; Nikita Khrushchev condemns the cult of personality that had developed around Stalin; baseball manager Connie Mack dies.
- March: Morocco and Tunisia declare their independence from France; Soviet troops suppress demonstrations in Georgia over Khrushchev’s repudiation of Stalin; My Fair Lady opens on Broadway; the Dow-Jones Industrial Average closes above 500 for the first time.
- April: The CBS soap opera As the World Turns debuts; Grace Kelly marries Rainier III of Monaco; boxer Rocky Marciano retires with an undefeated record.
- May: The United Methodist Church in the United States admits women to the clergy; the first Eurovision Song Contest takes place, with Lys Assia’s Refrain taking the top prize.
- June: General Electric introduces an alarm clock with a snooze feature; Elvis Presley’s hip movements on The Milton Berle Show scandalize audiences; U. S. President Eisenhower signs legislation creating the Interstate Highway System.
- July: Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus perform under a tent for the last time; Dean Martin and Jerry Lewis end their comedy act after a decade of performances; the S. S. Andrea Doria sinks off Nantucket after colliding with the S. S. Stockholm.
- August: The DuMont television network ceases broadcasts; artist Jackson Pollock, actor Béla Lugosi, and sex researcher Alfred Kinsey die.
- September: Elvis Presley appears on The Ed Sullivan Show; the submarine transatlantic telephone cable carries its first phone calls.
- October: N. Y. Yankee Don Larsen, with Yogi Berra catching, pitches the only perfect game in World Series history; Hungary attempts to overthrow its pro-Soviet government and the revolution is crushed by the Red Army; The Huntley-Brinkley Report debuts on NBC-TV; Israel invades the Sinai, with the assistance of British and French air forces; the United States begins construction of the permanent Amundsen-Scott base at the South Pole.
- November: Allen Ginsberg’s Howl and Other Poems is published; the Suez crisis ends with foreign troops withdrawing from the Sinai; the Soviets reestablish control of Hungary; Roger Vadim’s film And God Created Woman propels Brigitte Bardot to international stardom; band leader Tommy Dorsey dies.
- December: Fidel Castro returns to Cuba and begins guerilla warfare against the government; the game show To Tell the Truth debuts on CBS-TV.
The words of 1956:
1984, n. Within seven years of its publication, people were using the title of George Orwell’s novel as a noun denoting a totalitarian surveillance-state.
aikido, n. The Japanese martial art battled its way into English in 1956. [Languagehat has antedated this one to 1955.]
Bayesian, adj. and n. The work of eighteenth-century mathematician Thomas Bayes languished in obscurity until the latter half of the twentieth century when statisticians, now using computers that could take advantage of it, realized the power of his theorem.
botel, n. I thought this name for a hotel catering to boat owners would turn out to be a nonce expression, but the OED has a number of citations from the 1950s and 60s, leading me to think that botels were more common than I thought.
comitology, n. Comitology is the study of committees. I’m not entirely certain whether or not the word is intended as a joke. The first citation in the OED is by C. Northcote Parkinson, who gave us 1955’s Parkinson’s Law.
computer science, n. I would have expected this one a few years earlier.
data center, n. Another computer word coined in the 50s.
decaf, n. and adj. The clipping of decaffeinated coffee appears in 1956 as the name Nestle’s Decaf is trademarked.
Dom Pérignon, n. The name of the champagne also gets its U. S. trademark in 1956. [Languagehat has antedated this one to 1940.]
feta, n. The Greek cheese made from sheep or goat milk is recorded in English use.
Fortran, n. An acronym for formula translation, this computer language makes its debut.
F-word, n. The word this euphemism represents starts appearing in print at about the same time the F-word is coined. Whether this is ironic or causal is an exercise left to the reader.
glitterati, n. The dumbing-down of culture. Where once we had literati, now we have glitterati.
hinky, adj. Hinky is African-American and U. S. police slang for “nervous, suspect, questionable.”
holster, v. I’ve heard this verb in numerous Western movies, but the first citation in the OED is from Ed McBain’s (a. k. a., Evan Hunter’s) 1956 crime novel Cop Hater, the first book in his 87th Precinct series. The noun, of course, is much older, dating to the seventeenth century.
Indy, n.2 This clipping of Indianapolis 500 was first applied to that famous race in 1956.
Lexan, n. The name of the clear plastic was trademarked in 1956.
limbo, n.3 The name for the Caribbean dance is first recorded in 1956. Where the name comes from is something of a mystery.
margherita, adj. (and n.) The name of the pizza topping appears on English menus in this year. It was created in 1889 and named for Margherita of Savoy, then queen of Italy. The tomato, cheese, and basil represent the colors of the Italian flag.
materials science, n. The study of the structure, properties, and utility of substances gets a name.
microcomputer, n. We call this a PC nowadays. The OED’s first citation of microcomputer is from a 1956 Isaac Asimov short story.
mogul, n.2 This skiing term comes from the dialectal Austrian Mugel meaning “small hill.” It’s related to Mockel, found in wider circulation in southern Germany, Austria, and Switzerland, meaning “chunk, lump.”
nadger, n. This humorous term first appears on BBC Radio’s The Goon Show in 1956. Like the earlier lurgy, it also refers to a non-specific disease. By the late 1960s, the plural form, nadgers, was in use to mean “testicles.”
Obie, n. New York City’s The Village Voice started handing out Obie Awards in this year. The award is for off-Broadway theatrical productions, hence the name, which is modeled on television’s Emmy Award.
on-ramp, n. Off ramps had been around since 1939, but the OED doesn’t record their counterparts until 1956.
origami, n. The Japanese word, literally “folding paper,” makes its way across the Pacific. [Languagehat has antedated this one to 1920.]
paper-pushing, adj. I guess you could say this was a form of origami too, only not as elegant. The term paper-pusher arises in 1942, but the activity isn’t named until the next decade.
particle board, n. The construction material gets its name.
pencil-necked, adj. (also pencil-neck, adj.) Those engaged in paper-pushing were often thusly described.
rockabilly, n. The name for the musical genre, which arose in the wake of Elvis Presley’s chart success, first appears on the pages of Billboard magazine in 1956.
Scotchgard, n. The preparation for making fabric stain-resistant was trademarked in this year.
shit-eating, adj. Most often found in the phrase shit-eating grin, this one also makes its debut.
sonogram, n. A sonogram is a graphical representation of sound.
spec, n.3 I would have thought this clipping of specification would have arisen in manufacturing, but the earliest citation is actually from science fiction.
Szechuan, n. The spicy style of Chinese cooking, named for the province in which it arose, makes its Western debut.
tax-and-spend, adj. and n. Conservatives have been accusing liberals of this practice for a long time.
Tony Curtis, n. The actor gave his name to the hair style he made famous.
treeware, n. Originally, treeware referred to anything made from wood. In the 1990s, it was adopted into computing slang referring to anything printed on paper.
Tylenol, n. This name for acetaminophen (paracetamol) was trademarked in 1956. Tylenol is a case where the brand name is older than the generic; both acetaminophen and paracetamol are 1957 words.
underwhelm, v. I’m surprised this jocular play on overwhelm didn’t occur to anyone prior to 1956. But this entry is from the 1989 OED second edition, so perhaps antedates will be found.
vancomycin, n. The name for the antibiotic of last resort is coined in 1956. The drug was first isolated in 1953. The first vancomycin-resistant bacterial strains emerged in 1987.
weaponized, adj. Originally, the adjective weaponized referred to making a nuclear device small and hardy enough for battlefield use, but the adjective was later extended to refer to enriching fissionable material to the point it could sustain a nuclear chain reaction or to making biological agents appropriate for dispersal as a weapon.
wham-bam | wham-bang, adv. (and int.), adj. and n. The first citation in the OED is from Billie Holiday’s 1956 autobiography, Lady Sings the Blues, in which she uses wham-bang to refer to turning tricks as a child prostitute. The word is frequently found in the phrase wham, bam, thank you ma’am.
These words are taken from the Oxford English Dictionary, based on that dictionary’s earliest citation for that word. Of course, that does not necessarily mean the word was coined in the given year; it only means that is the earliest date the big dictionary has for the word. In many cases, these words can and have been antedated. My selection is not scientific or systematic; it is based on what I think is interesting; sometimes they are words that appear earlier or later than I would have thought; others have a particular historical affiliation for that year or represent some historical trend; and others are just odd words. I’m avoiding back-formations and variations on existing words. Again, be warned that the coining of a word does not necessarily coincide with the invention of a concept. Often, there will be older words that express the same sense.
Copyright 1997-2013, by David Wilton | <urn:uuid:b21b15ac-6262-4e54-9bba-a203b5d859f8> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.wordorigins.org/index.php/site/comments/1956_words/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368706890813/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516122130-00076-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.935066 | 2,512 | 2.1875 | 2 |
The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) is conscious of the extreme volatility in the rupee and has a variety of tools to guard against such fluctuations, a deputy governor said, just days after the RBI took measures to bolster foreign currency inflows.
However, a widening current account deficit and a negative balance of payments amid rising imports are still worries for the RBI, Subir Gokarn said, which could limit the central bank's ability to defend the local currency.
"The ultimate determinant on what the exchange rate is going to be, is going to be how much capital comes in, in a way that finances the current account deficit and also the extent to which we reduce the current account deficit because that's really the fundamental driver of the currency," s aid Gokarn, addressing industry members in the southern city of Hyderabad.
The rupee on Friday fell to 53.92 to the dollar - its lowest in 2012. It gained on Monday and posted its biggest%age rise in six weeks after the government postponed controversial rules on foreign taxation by a year.
India's balance of payments (BoP) slipped into negative territory for the first time in three years in the December quarter as dollar inflows shrunk and imports soared.
Unhappy foreign investors, high crude oil prices and India's need to import 80% of its oil could cause the BoP to worsen further.
On Monday, India delayed by a year the rollout of measures to crack down on tax evasion, mollifying overseas investors rattled by uncertainty over proposals that had spurred an exodus of funds and battered the rupee.
The rupee has fallen 7.5% since March and the RBI is believed to have stepped into the market to defend the currency on several days last week, according to traders. It was trading down at 53.13 to the dollar on Tuesday.
"Capital flows have dwindled. Demand on current account remains very strong and so the pressure is there," he said.
"So now you can't be putting yourself in a situation of greater and greater vulnerability by running into what is perceived by investors as a situation of inadequate capacity to meet external obligation and that's high risk."
Foreign institutional investors (FIIs) turned net sellers in April, though they were net buyers so far in the calendar year. FIIs sold about $927 million of debt and equity last month.
Gokarn also said the existing tight cash conditions did not seem short-lived, prompting the central bank to announce an unexpected bond purchase programme through open market operation (OMO) this week.
"We have seen over the last few days that the borrowings are now over a lakh crore (one trillion rupees), and since we have already established some sort of a benchmark on what is the comfort zone, we thought this pressure is not just going to be very short-lived. So we decided to do an OMO," Gokarn said.
A lack of government spending and the central bank's dollar sales in the forex market to stem the rupee's fall have kept the liquidity deficit in the banking system at more than double the RBI's comfort zone despite a cumulative cut of 125 basis points in banks' reserve requirements this year. | <urn:uuid:fcdc5319-692c-4e47-a246-085c72c059fd> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.business-standard.com/article/economy-policy/have-tools-to-guard-against-fx-volatility-rbi-112050803007_1.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368696381249/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516092621-00007-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.973341 | 655 | 1.914063 | 2 |
Food shortages during World War II required citizens and governments to get creative, changing the gastronomical landscape in surprising ways. Many ingredients that the British were accustomed to were unavailable. Enter the carrot.
According to my new favorite museum, the Carrot Museum, carrots were plentiful, but the English weren’t very familiar with the root. Wrote the New York Times in 1942: ”England has a goodly store of carrots. But carrots are not the staple items of the average English diet. The problem…is to sell the carrots to the English public.”
So the British government embarked on a propaganda campaign designed to increase dependence on carrots. It linked carrot consumption to patriotism, disseminated recipes, and made bold claims about the carrot’s ability to improve your eyesight (useful considering they were often in blackout conditions).
Here’s a recipe for Carrot Fudge:
You will need:
- 4 tablespoons of finely grated carrot
- 1 gelatine leaf
- orange essence or orange squash
- a saucepan and a flat dish
Put the carrots in a pan and cook them gently in just enough water to keep them covered, for ten minutes. Add a little orange essence, or orange squash to flavour the carrot. Melt a leaf of gelatine and add it to the mixture. Cook the mixture again for a few minutes, stirring all the time. Spoon it into a flat dish and leave it to set in a cool place for several hours. When the “fudge” feels firm, cut it into chunks and get eating!
Disney created characters in an effort to help:
The government even used carrots as part of an effort to misinform their enemies:
…Britain’s Air Ministry spread the word that a diet of carrots helped pilots see Nazi bombers attacking at night. That was a lie intended to cover the real matter of what was underpinning the Royal Air Force’s successes: the latest, highly efficient on board, Airborne Interception Radar, also known as AI.
When the Luftwaffe’s bombing assault switched to night raids after the unsuccessful daylight campaign, British Intelligence didn’t want the Germans to find out about the superior new technology helping protect the nation, so they created a rumour to afford a somewhat plausible-sounding explanation for the sudden increase in bombers being shot down… The Royal Air Force bragged that the great accuracy of British fighter pilots at night was a result of them being fed enormous quantities of carrots and the Germans bought it because their folk wisdom included the same myth.
But here’s the most fascinating part.
It turns out that, exactly because of the rationing, British people of all classes ate healthier.
…many poor people had been too poor to feed themselves properly, but with virtually no unemployment and the introduction of rationing, with its fixed prices, they ate better than in the past.
Meanwhile, among the better off, rationing reduced the intake of unhealthy foods. There were very few sweets available and people ate more vegetables and fewer fatty foods. As a result “…infant mortality declined and life expectancy increased.”
I love carrots. I’m eating them right now.
To close, here are some kids eating carrots on a stick:
Via Retronaut. For more on life during World War II, see our posts on staying off the phones and carpool propaganda (“When You Ride ALONE, You Ride With Hitler!”) and our coverage of life in Japanese Internment Camps, women in high-tech jobs, the demonization of prostitutes, and the German love/hate relationship with jazz. | <urn:uuid:cc4c30e1-da1b-4e7d-83cb-542dc33b6e34> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://thesocietypages.org/socimages/2012/07/17/carrot-war-hero/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368708142388/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516124222-00062-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.950725 | 759 | 3.484375 | 3 |
Welcome to the Fijian Art Research Project
Fijian Art: political power, sacred value, social transformation and collecting since the 18th century is an Arts and Humanities Research Council (AHRC) sponsored research project that is being jointly hosted by the Sainsbury Research Unit (SRU) at the University of East Anglia and the Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology (MAA) at the University of Cambridge. The collaborative 3-year project, set to run from May 2011 to April 2014, aims to unlock the potential of the outstanding collections of Fijian art, material culture and associated photographs and archives held in museums in the United Kingdom and abroad. The bulk of these Fijian collections have never been displayed, nor have they ever been thoroughly researched or documented.
Fijian artworks are visually impressive and beautifully made; they include sculptures in wood and ivory, shell and ivory regalia, ritual equipment, weapons, pottery and large decorated textiles. Central to pre-Christian and post-conversion religious practices, and often heavily Tongan-influenced, many of these objects played an active role in British-Fijian relations because of their voyaging, missionary and colonial ties, resulting in significant collections being held in UK museums. The project’s most extensive collections-based research will be conducted at the MAA in Cambridge, which holds probably the most important collection of Fijian objects, outside of Fiji, in the world.
By collaborating with other museums, in particular the project’s nine official project partners, the dynamic diversity of Fijian art since the 18th century will be systematically researched, analysed, documented and identified. Other museums housing Fijian material will also participate in the project, as will the National Archives. These collaborative partnerships will allow Fijian collections to be made more accessible and also enhance existing museum records via expert identification and analysis.
Among the main objectives of the project is to contribute to significant knowledge-transfer by disseminating research results to the broadest range of academic and public audiences. This objective will be achieved through exhibitions, catalogues, publications, outreach programmes and conferences. The project's outputs will enable UK and overseas museums to display and interpret their Fijian material for the benefit of multiple stakeholders, including the British-Fijian communities in the United Kingdom as well as the global Fijian population.
Project members in Norwich made collections research visits last week to Exeter, Torquay and Glasgow.
On 11 April 2013, project members participated in a Tourism Fiji event held at the Fiji High Commission London.
For more information on and to interact with the project, please visit our facebook page | <urn:uuid:b46b22a5-37d2-48cf-8a75-f5e9605e9f85> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.fijianart.sru.uea.ac.uk/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368700958435/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516104238-00024-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.941257 | 546 | 2.140625 | 2 |
Brute force, or as trainer Tom Benge says, “cubic inches” can make a big difference in a fight. But if your assailant is more versed in martial arts than you or the fight is blade- or projectile-based, you may be making a trip to the E.R. or worse. However, if your assailant can’s see you, he or she will have a much more difficult time harming you, especially if you don’t remain in the same place.
In 1991, when asked of U.S. strategy against Iraqi surface-to-air missile sites in Operation Desert Storm, General Colin Powell said, “First we’re going to blind them and then we’re going to kill them.” Not long afterward our Stealth FA-17s literally blinded the missile acquisition radars, allowing the planes to send smart bombs down enemy radar beams to destroy every installation.
Dr. John Matthews, founder of SureFire LLC, is a pioneer in what today we refer to as blinding white light. In the mid-1990s, Dr. Matthews teamed up with U.S. Navy SEAL trainer Ken Good at the Navy’s Special Warfare School in San Diego, California. There the school was conducted on board an old ship where there were NO lights below deck. Ken Good told Dr. Matthews that his lights were great, but not bright enough. When Matthews asked Good how bright he wanted a light to be, Good asked him if he could make one that would “shine into the eyes and come out the ears.”
That was the beginning of the high intensity white fighting lights Sure-Fire is famous for today.
Not Just Flashlights!
You can buy a flashlight at your local “stop-n-rob,” but they don’t sell fighting lights (tactical lights). Sure, you can check your oil with a fighting light, but that’s not what it was designed for and you’ll be wasting some of the hi-tech energy stored in the light. These lights are not meant to be left ON, but pulsated. What’s that, you ask?
In 1999, SureFire’s V.P. of engineering sent me a prototype of what is now the SureFire M3 Tactical Light. With an output of 150 lumens, this light takes three 123 lithium batteries and has a long run time if left constant on. But like most such lights, it will get hot enough to start a fire if placed next to a combustible. These lights are designed to be pulsed by activating them one or two seconds to see what you need to see. I took that prototype M3 on a week-long bear hunt in Canada, where it was often pitch dark when I was picked up from my tree stand. One night, after sitting around the campfire with other hunters, I decided to turn in, but my tent was about 200 feet away. As I started down the path, I held my SureFire light up and pressed its rear end cap to activate it for a second. This allowed me to not only see what lay ahead on the patch, but I could see my tent. After a couple more flashes of the light, one of the hunters yelled, “Hey, what kind of a light is THAT?” I told him it was a special one and it was. The batteries in that light lasted almost a year and I still use it on a regular basis.
Pulsing for Keeps
While in the dark, some trainers teach to keep your light on all the time, as “the light is your eyes.” This is fine if you are searching for a lost person who doesn’t want to hurt you and you have enough spare batteries to last the mission. It’s usually OK when the action is over and a suspect is being secured and then searched. However, your light is also your adversary’s eyes. He or she knows exactly where you are at all times and can use the beam to plan an ambush or other trap, or use your light to plan an escape route. Worst of all, your light being on constantly may bring bullets your way. If you pulse your light, an assailant will be confused as to your location, direction and how many of you there are. Pulsing the light helps defeat any plan he might want to make and it also builds stress within him and diminishes his ability to think clearly.
How to Pulse Your Light
First, you need a light with a pressure switch on its rear end, and virtually all hand-held tactical lights are set up this way. Pulsing your light is best done by holding your light like a knife with your thumb on the rear end pressure switch cap (only lights with a rear end switch should be used). The light CAN be used while holding it in one place close to your body, but this is not recommended, as even a split second of light can attract bullets. So hold the light in a different position each time it is pulsed while waving your arm in an arc. Just as good is to also move it laterally
away from the direction you are headed while keeping the light on for one second.
Pieing, the Quick-Peek and Going Dynamic
Pulsing your light in the dark works both outdoors and indoors, but on the inside when you approach a doorway you have several options. First, I believe you should “pie” the doorway. If it is alongside a hallway, you should start from the direction you are coming, attempting to see as much as possible by pieing the corner ahead of you as you move to see into the center of the room. Again, this is in pitch dark, so you have the advantage of controlling all light. You can pass by the doorway while pulsing your light on for a second and waving it in the opposite direction. This will require you to transition your pistol and light to opposite hands if you’re a right hander and the door is on your right. But it lets you move past the danger zone and see what you need to see of the center of the room. Once past the opening you can pie the opposite corner.
For several years, BlackHawk Products Group has been training the “quick-peek” technique. In the above doorway scenario, the officer simply gets close to the door jam and peeks around the corner in the dark while flashing the light for a split second and moving it into the room to arms length as the pressure switch is released, and as he or she instantly retreats back out. This allows one to see anyone hiding in the corner. If no one is there, the technique can be duplicated around the other side of the door. But this time the officer goes low, since if an armed assailant were waiting, he would be ready and expect to see the light at the same level.
In hundreds of demonstrations where another officer role-plays the part of the assailant using the index finger as a gun, and even knowing what is going to happen, he or she cannot yell “bang” before the quick-peek is completed. Yes, it works. If there is someone hiding, the officer can take a better position and order the suspect to surrender, deploy a flash-bang, or take other action without having to further expose him or herself. If the suspect moves, he has had to give up his position and seek another that may or may not be as advantageous. Here’s the good news. The quick-peek works equally well under lighted conditions and you can still use your light to temporarily blind the suspect. In fact, you can use any tactical light of at least 60 lumens to produce a sensory overload (blinding light) at high noon on a sunny day. The quick-peek will usually be used after pieing. I call it “PQP.” Pie the doorway or corners and then quick-peek.
Trainer Bill Murphy, of SureFire and Gunsite, teaches a two-officer entry reminiscent of the “Israeli Partial,” where after pieing most of a room, two officers go high/low to peek around both corners at once, lighted pistols pointed in opposite directions to clear the walls on either side of a doorway to the nearest corners. Once clear, the standing officer helps guide his partner with his support hand on his or her shoulder to enter and continue.
OK, it’s still dark and let’s say that you’re searching a building such as a school and you come to an intersection of two hallways. You’ve pulsed your way down the hallway and now you pie each corner as best you can and the continuing hallway across from you is clear. You get a rough count of how many steps it will take you to cross to the other hallway and dash across in the dark, finding your way to one of the two walls there. Now you can pie the sides of the hallway from which you just crossed and quick-peek the entire hallway. The same technique can be used in a dark room if a quick-peek has revealed something like a hostage situation, but it is dangerous and requires extensive practice. It is far better to order surrender or negotiate and control, as best you can. Going dynamic in lighted conditions would require moving immediately after deploying a flash-bang or other distraction.
Mirrors are excellent tools to enable you to see around corners, whether lateral or vertical, such as attics, basements,
stairways or crawl spaces. Pocket mirrors are easy to carry, but require the user to not only be close to a corner but also to expose his or her hand while holding it. If a suspect does not know you are there, you may not be at a disadvantage. Larger mirrors on extension poles can be carried in a patrol car for use on slow, methodical searches. Various companies offer a broad selection of these, some with built-in lights or holders for the light of your choice. When reflected into an angled mirror, the light can illuminate a suspect hiding in a darkened corner. Many of these “tactical mirrors” are heavy and nearly all are expensive.
A good place to get a mirror is by ordering it from a septic tank service company, as such mirrors are used to locate pipes in these tanks. They are virtually unbreakable, light weight and of various sizes with extension poles of various lengths. These mirrors can also be used in conjunction with a hand-held light or a simple device can be created to hold the light on. Just as important is that they are relatively inexpensive as compared with most “tactical mirrors” offered by “experts” in this business. In addition to SureFire, high quality lights are offered by BlackHawk,
Streamlight, Insight Tactical, Pentagon, Laser Devices and others.
One of the most advanced tactical light systems comes in two forms from First-Light USA. These are the Liberator and the Tomahawk, both of which have all the features of the above mentioned lights. These lights are easier to use than traditional lights, as they leave your support hand free to perform other functions while wearing the light. This is because these lights are worn ON the hand and not merely held by it. The Tomahawk is actually worn on the middle finger, yet these lights provide plenty of blinding white light. They are revolutionizing hand-held tactical lights and the Liberator has been adopted by the ICE for K-9 duty.
The Grip Pod
The best system for using a tactical light on a carbine is the Grip Pod with its new M1913-type rail. To this rail I mount a SureFire G2 light in a Vltor D-Ring mount. With the light positioned forward, I can retain almost a complete grip while activating the light rear end pressure switch with my support thumb. My support hand can also easily hold a First-Light Liberator or Tomahawk for use in wanding and I can use either light to pulse. If longer shots are called for, I can immediately deploy the bipod.
What about laser sights? Personally, I think lasers offer a terrific advantage in a number of areas. First, lasers allow you to point your weapon at your target with a good degree of accuracy in any low light condition. Point of impact depends on where your laser is mounted and for what distance it is sighted in. For CQB, I think sighting in at about 15 yards is a good place to start, but that depends on your CQB envelope. Whatever distance you sight your laser for, you must know where your bullet’s point of impact is at various other distances. But precision shots cannot reliably be made at distances more than a yard or two from your sight-in distance.
Using Your Laser
Whether your laser is mounted on a rifle or a pistol, a two-hand hold is obviously most effective. For the most rapid target acquisition, a laser-equipped firearm should NOT be brought up to normal sighting height but should be kept slightly below eye level, for several reasons. First, your iron sights will likely interfere with seeing your laser dot. Second, keeping the weapon below eye line will allow you to retain excellent peripheral vision. While the laser can be used with the weapon held lower than point-shoulder, the angle of triangulation between eyes, laser and target increases and the rapidity of target acquisition, for most, decreases. If you don’t see your laser dot when bringing your weapon up, simply bring it all the way up and use your sights.
As with pulsating light, the sight of a red or green laser dot increases stress in an adversary and has caused many to surrender early on. If the laser is activated as part of a light system it can be pulsed with the light. Some lasers pulsate by themselves, but all tactical lasers are weapon-mounted rather than being hand held, because they are indeed sights. Drawbacks of lasers include the fact that they are NOT eye safe. They can also be confusing if more than one laser is being used and if they reflect on mirrors or other glass, but this can also be used to confuse any suspects hiding by bounding the laser dot into another area. Either way, such problems can be minimized with training. Excellent laser sights are available from Crimson Trace, Insight Tactical, Laser Devices, LaserMax, SureFire and others.
As mentioned, some lasers are part of a white light system, such as those usually found on pistols, but they can be used on rifles too. A hazard here is that the weapon becomes the light/laser’s handle and when used to search, the weapon and the laser are likely to be pointed at things one would otherwise try to avoid, like one’s partner or a non-combatant. In such cases, if it is the only source of light, the weapon should be pointed at a low ready while searching. What I prefer in this case is a light/laser system that allows only the laser to be activated. I can then keep the weapon pointed low and use another light in my support hand independent of the gun. For this I have found useful a hand-held light suspended on a lanyard around my neck long enough for my arm to extend to wand the light. If I have to drop the light in order to perform some function, I can simply grab the lanyard and run my hand down to the light again.
”Why should your weapon have to be the handle for your light?”
Perhaps the best solution is the above mentioned Liberator or Tomahawk tactical lights from First-Light USA. Using either of these lights mounted on my hand or finger, my support hand is free to perform all functions. These lights can also be used effectively and safely with the support hand contacting the weapon while the strong hand holds the gun at low ready. If needed, the weapon can instantly be brought up to cover or fight with the support hand and the light automatically brought into play with it. The secret here is that the support hand and light are not controlled by the weapon. Think about it; why should your weapon have to be the handle for your light?
This has been a crash course in using tactical lights, lasers and weapons outlining a number of options and tools that continue to be a part of this evolutionary process. Although it is by no means the last word, think of it as a smorgasbord. Try a taste of everything and take a helping of the things that seem to work for you. Study all the web sites listed and check out all the tools offered by the various companies specializing in the tools mentioned. Network with other agencies, pass on what you have learned and practice the techniques every chance you get on those “routine” calls.
BlackHawk Products Group
Crimson Trace Holdings, LLC
First-Light USA, LLC
Grip Pod, Inc.
Laser Devices, Inc.
Vltor Weapon Systems, Inc.
WARNING AND DISCLAIMER: Any content in this publication, including technical data, reports of any activities, information, events and circumstances under controlled situations and under supervised control have not been tested nor approved nor were under the control of Soldier of Fortune Magazine. Reports are transmitted from independent sources to which SOF has neither supervision nor control. The data is transmitted for reporting events by the author. Soldier of Fortune Magazine, its agents, officers, consultants nor any other individual or entity reject any and all responsibility for any reporting in this publication. Any reports in this publication do not provide detail for comprehensive safety techniques, training techniques, training precautions that are absolutely essential for any covered or similar activity. The reader MUST not attempt any reported activity, technique or use of equipment based upon any reports in this publication. Comprehensive training, guidance and supervision is always necessary when engaging in any activity of which any report in this publication mentions or gives any reference to. The views of the authors do not represent the views of the Soldier of Fortune Magazine. | <urn:uuid:97e9bc3b-08ea-437c-8dbe-c4a357e71035> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.sofmag.com/print/2010/02/fighting-with-light | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368699881956/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516102441-00018-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.95346 | 3,738 | 1.765625 | 2 |
The Boston Globe and the Celebration.
The Boston Globe intends to keep up its reputation of giving, with the largest staff of Harvard graduates in America, more readable Harvard news than any other paper. It will be the paper that students will buy in large quantities to send away. On each day the Globe will contain full accounts of the exercises of the day before, with suitable illustrations. The literary exercises, both of graduates and undergraduates, will be fully reported by expert shorthand writers, including speeches at the alumni dinner. On Sunday morning, many columns of the Sunday Globe will be given to portraying the past and present of Harvard. Quaint historical facts, recollections and descriptions of illustrations of Harvard in 1726, 1790, 1830 and to-day; recollections of the 200th celebration, and many other things to make a most interesting souvenir of the celebration that will be of value for preservation by students and alumni and friends of the college. | <urn:uuid:4e7af2a5-4981-4143-81d4-b1e71841fe1c> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.thecrimson.com/article/1886/11/6/the-boston-globe-and-the-celebration/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368700264179/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516103104-00046-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.945275 | 190 | 2.109375 | 2 |
The average American serviceman is 20 years old, and a high school or college graduate.
“He can use his body like a weapon, and his weapon is part of his body. ... They are warriors, economists and diplomats,” Lt. Col. Marc Cummins said.
Veterans Day program, Cummins highlighted the important role soldiers have played in American history, and the lessons he has learned from his own military career. Cummins began serving after his freshman year at the University of Kentucky. Cummins was a member of the ROTC, a program he now directs, but was led to enlist and go through basic training.
“It was the beginning of a calling to service,” Cummins said.
Although his family did not have a military history — his only connection was a great-grandfather who served in the Norwegian military — Cummins said he could not shake the feeling that he was supposed to enlist.
After completing basic training at Fort Leonard Wood, Mo., Cummins said he was a “changed person.” His first lesson learned in the military — nothing in life worth doing is easy.
Other lessons include the importance of planning, something Cummins said he discovered when flying an Apache helicopter to the no-fly zone in Korea.
“Our direction will trump our intentions every time,”¿Cummins said. “The Army taught me if I plan with meticulous detail. ... it will yield fruitful results.”
He also highlighted the need for proper training, and dedication to service.
“We don’t rise to greatness, we fall to the level of our training,” Cummins said.
Veterans from all branches of the service were present for the program, and each was honored during a military service medley presented by the George Rogers Clark High School JROTC. The students also led the presentation and retiring of the colors.
Local Marine Corps League member Chuck Witt read an original poem, “At the War Memorial.”
Tom Hunter, father of Sgt. James Hunter, who was killed in Iraq in 2010, played “Taps” as Marine Corps League members presented a flag in honor of prisoners of war and those missing in action.
“Simply put, they (soldiers) are remarkable, and I’m humbled and blessed to be able to serve next to our nation’s finest,” Cummins said.
Veterans Day programs continued today with a flag-folding demonstration at the Generations Center. The Golden Corral will serve dinner to veterans tonight from 4 to 9.
Several local schools hosted programs last week, including Providence Elementary, Strode Station Elementary, Hannah McClure Elementary, George Rogers Clark High School and Clark Middle School.
The Conkwright Middle School program featured the unveiling of a sign designating Interstate 64 Exit 96 interchange bridge as the Purple Heart Memorial Bridge. | <urn:uuid:984e900c-e0f8-4d6b-9f24-80a4b397be04> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.courant.com/topic/cky-annual-ceremony-honors-area-veterans-20121112,0,826727.story | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368702448584/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516110728-00073-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.973934 | 605 | 2.109375 | 2 |