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At the age of six, Ranade was sent to a Marathi school in Kolhapur, and in 1851, when he was nine, he was transferred to an English school. Ranade completed his schooling at the Elphinstone Institute, Bombay. His academic performance was so good that within a year he was admitted into the prestigious Elphinstone College, Bombay. Ranade was a scholar. He spent hours reading with utmost concentration, not stopping to relax or socialize.Ranade was among the 21 students who appeared in the Matriculation Examination held in Bombay in 1859. He achieved distinctions in all his degree courses, commencing with B.A. Honors in 1862, M.A. in 1864 and LL.B. and LL.B. Honors in 1864 and 1865 respectively. Almost throughout his academic career he was a scholarship-holder. Ranade became a proponent of the Vidhava-vivaha Uttejaka Mandali (Society for the Encouragement of Widow-remarriage) founded in 1845 by English and Sanskrit scholar, Vishnushastri Pandit. Ranade was also actively involved with the Prathna Samaj, which was similar to the Brahmo Samaj movement in Bengal. Ranade gave the Samaj his best in forwarding social reforms like inter-dining and inter- marriage, widow re-marriage, upliftment of women and the depressed classes. Ranade helped found the Indian National Social Conference to function like the social wing of the Indian National Congress. The Conference aimed at educating women, prevent child marriage and oppose the dowry system. In 1881 he was given the position of Special Sub-Judge in Poona which gave him the opportunity to come closer to the poor farmers and assist in settling land related disputes. While in the Legislative Council, Ranade wrote the "Rise and Fall of the Maratha Power" with Chatrapati Shivaji as the key figure. The same year he published an "Introduction to the Satara Rajas" and "The Peshwa Diaries." Ranade studied the economies of Switzerland, France, Italy and Belgium and made comparisons with the Indian economy. He felt the fragile state of the economy was because of the over-dependence on agriculture -an occupation that suffered from drawbacks like floods, droughts, famines, heavy taxation and inadequate irrigation facilities and relief measures during famines. Ranade stressed on the development of indigenous small industries. He forwarded the idea for the establishment of agricultural banks by the Government, to give loans directly to the peasants. From 1893 to 1900, Ranade served on the bench of the Bombay High Court where he took several steps to the liberalize the Hindu Law with regard to women's rights. Ranade died on January 16, 1901 of now common ailment angina pectoris.	<urn:uuid:24ce0ef5-de83-432a-a636-3ac87df7048f>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.whereincity.com/india/great-indians/freedom-fighters/mahadeo-govind.php	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368698924319/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516100844-00013-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.978461	584	2.890625	3
Click Image to Enlarge Although the 2008 car sales of most every vehicle manufacturer were anemic at best and more typically devastated, it should not go without mention that Rolls-Royce Motor Cars had a banner year. In ’08 the company sold—world-wide—1,212 vehicles, which is a 20% increase from the 1,010 it retailed in ’07. Now while you might think to yourself that a typical auto plant might run 60 jobs per hour and that the 1,212 vehicles could be handled within three eight-hour days, note well that at Goodwood things are done a bit differently. More carefully. Slowly. Deliberately. And presumably, profitably. That is, the Phantom saloon and the Phantom Extended Wheelbase models accounted for more than half of the sales. The price of the former is $359,000 and the latter $426,000—not including tax and delivery charge. By the way: North America, the place where ordinary car sales were so sick, accounted for 38% of Rolls sales, the single biggest market.	<urn:uuid:ddf6abcf-fde3-4308-a461-785c776b12f6>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.autofieldguide.com/articles/rolls-on-a-roll	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368701459211/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516105059-00005-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.973791	221	1.6875	2
Jenna L Henry has not received any gifts yet Atheism and a general lack of conformity to major religions has a tendency to be viewed poorly in the public eye. I know from networking and just the usual socializing that those that fit that demographic, as a rule, are unhappy with that notion. When you are struggling with money in life, it is churches and ministries that offer hope with food banks and shelters. Secular people are just as capable of organizing a food drive or applying for grants to build shelters, or starting community projects to occupy the free time of budding youth. I can not take responsibility for the idea: all that I know is that there is a Secular Humanist Ministry in Morgantown. Churches and ministries do good, or, sometimes, what they are taught is good that is not, necessarily. I think we can start a creative, gentle, humanist revolution by requesting government and state funding as well as sponsorship for community enrichment programs. The first step is to band together in this endeavor, not just atheists but those who can accept others of any faith and work next to them to support a better world: Ministries all over the world, dedicated to lowering crime, eliminating hunger and pollution, and educating the masses on morality, logic and reason. If the missionaries sent to Africa had been secular, perhaps the spread of disease could have been severely reduced. But first, lets start at home and show our nation's people (whatever that nation may be) that a particular religion, or any religion at all is not necessary to live in harmony on our planet. The following video is from the Urban Farming Guys, you can't tell from the video but they are religiously affiliated and the grants they offer are for MINISTRIES ONLY. As an environmental studies major, it is a core requirement that I take a soil science class, in this class, I discovered this video which outlines the necessity of preserving the land capable of being cultivated, which is why sustainable living practices are so essential. For a better in depth look for what I am trying to achieve with my sustainable urban farming project, here is a video about Cleveland Botanical Garden's Green Corp program, which runs 6 learning farms in Cleveland and employs 60 teens, yeilding around 15,000 lbs. of produce per growing season. Lastly, I would just like to say that my ultimate goal is to improve the quality of life in our country and the planet. It is the age of information and I seek to further that with the secular ministry I have planned. Pamphlets will be constructed that outline issues such as pollution and global warming, the harms of big business, biology, psychology and neuroscience to help understand the way people's interests and habits vary, astronomy and evolution, etc. Each pamphlet will be simply worded and contain a suggested reading list with the address to the local library. I believe with eyes for a positive change we can make the world a better, friendly place to live. Join me. (=	<urn:uuid:9913dead-2070-4a6f-a6b1-432118741597>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.atheistnexus.org/profile/JennaLHenry?xg_source=activity	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368706890813/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516122130-00020-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.965658	614	1.554688	2
Taking high school students from an online class to Panama for a month to help teach computer literacy may sound ambitious, but it became a reality for Lisa Quinn and her students. Quinn created the Millennium Ambassador Program that brings 8-12th-grade students from the Pennsylvania Leadership Charter School, a state-wide, public K-12 cyber charter school, to Panama for a once-in-a-lifetime cross-cultural exchange. They lived among the indigenous Ngobe Bugle Indians. Before the Millennium Ambassador Program, these tribes, who retain many of their centuries-old customs and practices, had never been exposed to a computer, a camera or even a toothbrush. Because of this exchange program, students from West Chester, Pennsylvania are able to immerse themselves in a very different culture, to learn Spanish and to teach computer skills to the Indian students. because they are able to complete and submit all other school assignments via the internet, they are able to spend a full month studying in Panama and getting to know the Ngobe Bugle Indians. After an initial student trip in May of 2006, Quinn and her students researched how they might be able to help the indigenous students in Panama. Quinn located a vocational school which had just gotten electricity, secured 17 reconditioned computers and made arrangements to ship the computers to Panama. Her students then set up a computer lab where they could train the Panamanian students. In November, more than 50 Pennsylvania students were nominated for the trip, and 22 were accepted. While on the trip, the students completed high school cyber assignments via the internet, had three hours of Spanish lessons per day, and spent seven days living among the Ngobe Bugle Indians. When the students observed that these children had no shoes, not enough teachers in their school, and no clean drinking water, they formed a plan to create a website which could sell Ngobe crafts. The proceeds from the sales will go toward hiring teachers for these children. While on the trip, the students reported on their own studies, producing weekly blogs and a multimedia classroom chat to keep their family and friends informed about their adventures. Related Tools & Resources A history teacher makes learning fun with podcasts and student-written blogs. Thomas Gregory wants his students to understand their place in history. Site offers a biography of writer and poet Maya Angelou as well as more than 25 video clips of her speaking on issues including literature and the civil rights movement. From Santa Claus to the Christmass tree, this is an enchanting look at some of the most beloved holiday traditions. Using primary sources, reenactments, and expert analysis, this program explains the premises for moving west and dissects the myths of the 19th century American frontier.	<urn:uuid:669b1b36-6bf0-46bf-ba39-47ca8524c2e3>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.ciconline.org/Resource/global-development	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368703682988/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516112802-00033-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.969643	553	2.984375	3
The Kazakh Steppe 09 July 2010 \| Downloads - document Conserving the World's largest Steppe Region The Dry Steppe Region The steppe grasslands of Eurasia were once among the most extensive in the world, stretching from eastern Romania, Moldova and Ukraine in eastern Europe (often referred to as the Pontic steppe) east through Kazakhstan and western Russia). Together, the Pontic and Kazakh steppes, often collectively referred to as the Pontian steppe, comprise about 24% of the world’s temperate grasslands. They eventually link to the vast grasslands of eastern Asia extending to Mongolia, China and Siberian Russia, together creating the largest complex of temperate grasslands on earth. The remaining extent and ecological condition of these grasslands varies considerably by region. Today in eastern Europe, for example, only 3–5 % remain in a natural or near natural state, with only 0.2% protected. In contrast, the eastward extension of these steppes into Kazakhstan reveals lower levels of disturbance, where as much as 36% remain in a semi-natural or natural state. Although current levels of protection in this region are also very low, the steppes of Kazakhstan have the potential to offer significant opportunities for increased conservation and protection. The Kazakh steppe, also known as the Kirghiz steppe, is itself one of the largest dry steppe regions on the planet, covering approximately 804,500 square kilometres and extending more than 2,200 kilometres from north of the Caspian Sea east to the Altai Mountains. These grasslands lie at the southern end of the Ural Mountains, the traditional dividing line between Europe and Asia. This steppe ecosystem is actually comprised of five different ecological zones, including forest steppe, meadow steppe, dry steppe, desertified steppe and steppe semi-desert, collectively occupying about 59% of the area of Kazakhstan. Prior to the 1950’s, the Kazakh steppe was a contiguous intact grassland used extensively by nomadic Kazakh people for grazing their animals. Through the 1950’s, when Kazakhstan was still part of the Soviet Union, approximately 40% of the steppe was ploughed for intensive agriculture. While the remaining 60% continued to be used for grazing domestic livestock, the nomadic patterns of the Kazakh were largely interrupted through the collectivisation of Kazakh livestock into state managed farms. Within less than a decade, drought and wind erosion reduced much of these ploughed lands to desert-like conditions. Considerable reforms took place in agricultural land use practices and conditions improved through the 1970’s and 1980’s. During the post-Soviet 1990’s, agriculture decreased significantly and many ploughed fields were abandoned. Also, nomadic mobility virtually ceased. Much of the original steppe is now a mosaic of agricultural lands, with both active and abandoned fields, and the remaining unploughed steppe. As a result of 40 years of agricultural experiment,	<urn:uuid:074e3507-9b56-4616-b2ec-6da7c1a4f5b4>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.iucn.org/about/union/secretariat/offices/europe/resources/publications/?5640/Kazakh-Action-Plan-for-Grasslands	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368696382584/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516092622-00050-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.943182	615	3.71875	4
MAX BOOT ON THE CONSUMATE WARRIOR MARCEL BIGEARD 1916- JUNE 19TH, 2010 RIP The Consummate Warrior Marcel Bigeard, 1916-2010 by Max Boot The Weekly Standard July 5 â€“ July 12, 2010, Vol. 15, No. 40 In English-speaking countries, the French armed forces have become a joke. Literally. Entire websites are devoted to one-liners like: â€œHow many gears do French tanks have? Six: five reverse and one forward.â€ This is a gross slander of a nation that, back in the days of Louis XIV and Napoleon, was synonymous with military excellence. Those skills, that courage, that panache did not suddenly disappear in the 20th century, notwithstanding Franceâ€™s string of humiliating defeats. There is no better reminder of that than the career of General Marcel Bigeard, who died on June 18 at age 94. Born in 1916 to a railway worker, he left school at 14 to work in a bank. Called up when war came in 1939, he was a lowly warrant officer when captured on the Maginot Line in 1940. The following year, after two failed attempts, he escaped from a German prison camp and made his way to French West Africa to join the Free French forces. In August 1944 (using the call sign Bruno, which became his lifelong moniker), he parachuted back into France to work with the Resistance and help the invading Allied armies. In the process, he earned the Legion of Honor and Britainâ€™s Distinguished Service Order. Once World War II was over, the French army turned its attention to imperial wars, starting in Indochina where the Viet-Minh under Ho Chi Minh were trying to expel the colonial power. Captain Bigeard arrived in Saigon in 1945. By 1952, he was on his third tour, a major, and newly installed commander of the 6th Colonial Parachute Battalion (â€œBataillon Bigeardâ€). By then everyone in Indochina, wrote French journalist Jules Roy, â€œknew his high forehead, his fair crew-cut hair, his bird-of-prey profile, his touchy independenceâ€â€”and the extraordinary combat record that would one day earn him four-star rank without benefit of a St. Cyr education. He was famous for his fitness and his austerityâ€”both qualities which stood out in an army that valued its luxuries; French troops were issued a wine and cheese ration even in the field and were accompanied by mobile brothels. Bigeardâ€™s visitors, noted American diplomat Howard Simpson, could expect â€œa thin slice of ham and one small, isolated boiled potatoâ€ washed down with â€œsteaming teaâ€ rather than the multicourse banquets accompanied by wine and brandy that were de rigueur in most French messes. Bigeard, who had nothing but contempt for office-bound superiors, preferred to fight lean, â€œÃ la Viet.â€ The paras were the elite of the French army, a quick-reaction force that went wherever the fighting was the heaviest. In 1952, Bigeard and his men were dropped into the village of Tu-LÃª in the northern highlands to stop a Viet-Minh offensive and allow the evacuation of French garrisons in the region. The battalion was soon encircled by an entire enemy division. Outnumbered ten to one, they fought their way out through dense jungle, walking nonstop for days and carrying the wounded. Entire companies were wiped out en route but Bigeard and a small group of survivors managed to elude the enemy. The peacocky personification of paratrooper panache, Bigeard entered battle without a personal weapon and always led from the front. â€œIf itâ€™s possible, itâ€™s done,â€ he said. And if itâ€™s impossible? That â€œwill be doneâ€ too. On November 20, 1953, he and his men (half of them Vietnamese) were part of the paratroop force dropped into a remote valley of northwestern Vietnam at a place called Dien Bien Phu. They chased off the local Viet-Minh troops and established a French stronghold. Three weeks later they left for other fights. They did not return until March 16, 1954, by which time the garrison had been cut off by the Viet-Minh, which had positioned artillery on the surrounding slopes. Bigeard and his men parachuted into this â€œjungle Verdunâ€ and continued fighting until the end. They fought brilliantly and heroically but to little avail. The defenders were ground down by relentless artillery fire and frontal assaults that were driven home by the Viet-Minh with total disregard for losses. The end came on May 7, 1954, when the French commander, Christian de Castries, decided to surrender. The Viet-Minh were only a few hundred yards from his command post, and he had lost nearly half his troops killed, wounded, or missing. Of Bigeardâ€™s 800 men, only 40 were still alive. More than 10,000 men were taken alive at Dien Bien Phu, many wounded; of that number fewer than 4,000 survived a death march and four months in Communist camps where undernourishment, lack of medical care, and brutal brainwashing were the norm. Bigeard, by now a lieutenant-colonel, was one of the most fit upon his release, thanks to his rigorous program of calisthenics. Far from broken, he was determined to do better â€œnext time.â€ He got his chance soon enough in Algeria, where another independence movement was getting under way. Bigeardâ€™s role was immortalized in the 1966 movie The Battle of Algiers; he was one of the models for the dashing Colonel Mathieu who broke the National Liberation Front (FLN) campaign of terrorism in the colonial capital. (Bigeard was also the model for Colonel Raspeguy in Jean Larte-guyâ€™s bestselling novels The Centurions and The Praetorians .) By the time he arrived in Algiers, Bigeard had proven his combat worth yet again leading his 3rd Regiment of Colonial Parachutists in the mountainous bled (countryside). These were unmotivated reservists whom he quickly whipped into shape. Their effectiveness was heightened by their then-novel use of helicopters. During one of their battles, on June 16, 1956, Bigeard was shot just above the heart. Evacuation by helicopter and airplane saved his life. A few months later, on September 5, 1956, while jogging alone and unarmed in a seaside town in Algeria during his recuperation, Bigeard was shot twice more at point-blank range by three young Arabs. Again he just barely survived, but he was in fine fighting form by the time he led his paras into Algiers in their distinctive â€œleopardâ€ camouflage uniforms and the high-peaked â€œlizardâ€ forage caps designed by Bigeard himself. Bigeard and his regiment were given the most daunting task. They were assigned to the Casbah, the Arab quarter, where amid 100,000 inhabitants lurked the leaders of the FLN who were sending out their operativesâ€”often pretty young women who could pass for Europeansâ€”to place bombs in the cafes and gathering spots favored by the pied-noirs, the settlers. The paras confronted this threat in a brutal and effective manner. They cordoned off the Casbah with barbed wire. A curfew was imposed and orders given to fire on anyone caught outside. The bodies were left in the streets until the following morning to impress upon the inhabitants that they had met a force â€œeven more extreme than the FLN.â€ Inside the Casbah the paras conducted a census and created a map showing who lived in which house. A preliminary list of targets was then drawn up using police files. In early January 1957, the strike teams fanned out into the Casbah, breaking down doors, and dragging suspects in for vicious questioning. A favorite interrogation technique was known as the gÃ©gÃ¨ne: electrical wires running from a small generator were clipped to a detaineeâ€™s privates and the electrical current increased until he talked. Waterboarding was also commonplace. Once a suspect had been â€œbroken,â€ any compatriots he named were quickly rounded up and given the same treatment. Afterwards many of the detainees were summarily dispatched under such euphemisms as â€œkilled while trying to escapeâ€ or â€œcommitted suicide.â€ In all, during the Battle of Algiers, 24,000 Muslims were arrested and 4,000 disappeared. In recent years, the myth has become prevalent that torture doesnâ€™t work, that suspects simply tell their interrogators whatever they want to hear. In fact, while torture may be morally reprehensible, there is little doubt that, at least in Algeria, it was tactically effective. By forcing captured terrorists to identify their confederates, the paras were able to dismantle the FLN structure inside Algiers within a matter of months. By the fall of 1957 the last FLN leaders in the city had been either captured or killed. Bigeard was by no means the worst offender in the use of torture. After his men arrested Larbi Ben Mâ€™hidi, a top FLN leader, Bigeard refused to torture him. Instead over the course of two weeks the two men developed a personal rapport, one warrior to another. Bigeard supposedly said to him: â€œArenâ€™t you ashamed to place bombs in the baskets of your women?â€ Ben Mâ€™hidi replied: â€œGive me your planes. Iâ€™ll give you my baskets.â€ General Jacques Massu, the commander of 10th Parachute Division, finally got tired of this ongoing dialogue, and he sent a more ruthless officer, Major Paul Aussaresses, to do the foul deed. When Aussaresses took the FLN chief out of Bigeardâ€™s custody, he was amazed to see Bigeardâ€™s paratroopers presenting arms to send off the FLN leader with full military honors. â€œIt was Bigeard in effect paying his respects to a man who had become his friend,â€ Aussaresses wrote. Ben Mâ€™hidi was driven to an outlying farm where he was hanged â€œto make it look like suicide.â€ But, even if he was soft with Ben Mâ€™hidi, Bigeard was no innocent. Rumor had it that his troops flew suspects over the Mediterranean and dropped them out of airplanes to drown; the victims were called Shrimp Bigeard. Many years later Bigeard admitted that torture had been a â€œnecessary evil.â€ Necessary or not, French brutality backfired by turning most people in Algeria, the world, and finally in France itself against the war effort. Under growing international pressure, President Charles de Gaulle granted Algeria independence in 1962. By then Bigeard was long gone. He had no part in the last-ditch effort to maintain AlgÃ©rie FranÃ§aise that was mounted by French army veterans who formed the terrorist group known as the OAS (Secret Army Organization). Bigeard moved on to commands in Africa where he almost died once again thanks to his favorite method of arriving to inspect a unitâ€”he would parachute and land with his arm in a salute. â€œThis nearly ended in disaster,â€ wrote historian Alistair Horne of an incident which occurred in 1972, â€œwhen Bigeard, by now nearing sixty and a senior general, was dropped into a shark-infested sea by mistake during a visit to troops in Madagascar. He broke an arm but was saved by his faithful staff who had parachuted into the sea with him.â€ After retirement in 1974 he was deputy defense minister and elected to the French national assembly, but this dashing cavalier was unsuited for the grubby compromises of politics. His final years were marred by the controversy over the use of torture in Algeriaâ€”an issue that rose to prominence again in 2000-01 when Aussaresses published an unrepentant memoir. But, whatever moral qualms one might express about his conduct, Bigeardâ€™s legacy as an indomitable fighter remains intact. He was one of the great soldiers of the 20th century. Think of Bruno Bigeard the next time you hear a joke whose subtext is that French soldiers are cowards or incompetents. Max Boot is a contributing editor to The Weekly Standard and a senior fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations. He is writing a history of guerrilla warfare and terrorism, on which this article is based, for W.W. Norton. Available online at: http://bit.ly/9mCeBl and in the attached word document. Comments are closed.	<urn:uuid:97c75a24-0d23-4c89-a58c-f5a38d6d483f>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.ruthfullyyours.com/2010/06/28/max-boot-on-the-consumate-warrior-marcel-bigeard-1916-june-19th-2010-rip/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368703682988/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516112802-00038-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.980394	2,840	1.976563	2
You are here : Ziaraat.com/Kufa/Hazrat Muslim-bin-Aqeel(a.s.)/About Imam Hussain(a.s.)'s caravan left Madina on 28th of Rajab, 60 A.H. and reached Makkah on the 4th of Shabaan. Imam(a.s.) had not yet made up his mind on where to go. For the time being he decided to stay in Meakkah at least until the month of Zil-Hajj and perform the pilgrimage. The people of Kufa in Iraq heard of what had happened in Madina. Kufa was an important Shiah centre. The Shiahs there had long suffered under Muawiya. They feared even greater sufferings under Yazid. They felt that slowly Islam would be totally destroyed by the greed for power and glory of these two men. They were anxious to preserve the teachings of the Holy Prophet(pbuh&hf). They needed an Imam who would teach the tafseer of the Holy Quran and relate to them the true sayings, ahaadees, of the Holy Prophet(pbuh&hf). They held a meeting in the house of Sulayman bin Surad, a companion of the Holy Prophet(pbuh&hf), and decided to write a letter to Imam Hussain(a.s.) to invite him. Hazrat Salman(a.r.) said in this meeting "You should be aware that Moawiya has died and Imam Hussain(a.s.) has declined the baiyat (allegiance) of Yazid and he has gone to Makkah. You are his and his father's Shiahs. If you strongly believe that you will not falter in helping him and fighting his enemies then I invite you to write him a letter but if you feel weakness and fear then for God's sake, do not betray a person and endanger his life". In this letter they wrote: "This letter is to Hussain ibn-e-Ali(a.s.) from Sulayman bin Sard, Mussayab bin Najiyah, Rafaah bin Shaddad, Habib ibn-e-Mazahir and other friends among the Muslims and Momineen of Kufa." This was followed by the information of Moawiya's death and Yazid's becoming caliph. Then they wrote "We invite you to come to Kufa as we have no Imam to guide us. Through you, Allah will unite us on the path of truth. The Governor of Damascus Noman bin Basheer is in the Dar-al-Amarah but we do not participate in Salat-il-Juma with him neither we pray salt-il-Eid with him. If we know that you are coming then we will force him to get out of here and go back to Syria." Abdullah bin Sabie Hamdani and Abdullah bin Daal took this letter to Makkah and gave it to Imam Hussain(a.s.). This was the first letter that reached Imam Hussain(a.s.) on the 10th of Ramzan. In another couple of days, 53 petitions and letters were sent to Imam Hussain(a.s.) by different people through special emissaries including Qais ibne Musheer as-Saydawi, Abdur Rehman bin Abdullah bin Kadan and Ammara bin Abaid Salobi. These were followed up by hundreds of other letters and many special emissaries from the people of Kufa to Imam Hussain(a.s.). The Governor in Kufa was a man called Nu'amaan bin Basheer. Although he was a follower of Muawiya and Yazid, he was not by nature a cruel man. The people of Kufa believed that Imam(a.s.) would be safe in Kufa. When Imaam Hussain(a.s.) received so many petitions and messages from Kufa he decided to send his cousin Hazrat Muslim bin Aqeel(a.s.) as his emissary to Kufa to study the situation there and report to Imam(a.s.). Imam Hussain(a.s.) would go only if there would be no danger to the people of Kufa or to Imam(a.s.) or any of his companions or family. He wrote a letter to the people of Kufa and gave it to Hazrat Muslim(a.s.). In this letter Imam(a.s.) said, "I am sending my cousin and one of the most trusted ones from my family, Muslim ibne Aqeel, to report to me about your affairs. If his report agrees with what you have written I will soon be with you. You must be clear of the fact that the Imam is the one who follows the book of Allah only, and serves Allah in all matters and affairs with justice, honesty and truth and submits to the command of Allah." Who was Muslim ibne Aqeel(a.s.)? He was the son of Aqeel ibne Abu Taalib(a.s.) - the real brother of Imam Ali(a.s.). He was a famous warrior. He married Ruqayya binte Imam Ali(a.s.) - Imam Hussain(a.s.)'s sister through another mother. We know of his four children - Abdullah aged about 15 years, Muhammad who was about ten years old, Ibraheem who was eight and young Ruqayya who was just five or six. All these children had travelled with their parents and were in Makkah. As Hazrat Muslim(a.s.) was preparing for the journey, Imam Hussain(a.s.) went to him and said: "Muslim, the whole world knows that you are one of the bravest warriors. It is just possible that seeing you in Kufa some people may think that our intention is to fight Yazid. Take your two sons Muhammad and Ibraheem with you. When they see you with such young children, they will know that our intentions are peaceful". Hazrat Muslim(a.s.) and his two sons said good-bye to all and left Makkah. Their journey through the desert in the heat of summer was very difficult. They arrived in Kufa towards the end of Ze'Qaad. They were received extremely warmly by the people of Kufa. At the time of his arrival, Sulayman bin Surad was not present in Kufa, therefore, Hazrat Muslim(a.s.) stayed in the house of Mukhtar bin Abi Abaida Saqafi. The news of his arrival spread like wild fire in Kufa and people started visiting him in groups. Very soon more than 18,000 people appeared before Hazrat Muslim(a.s.) and pledged their allegiance to Imam Hussain(a.s.) as their Imam (Tareekh-e-Tabri, Vol.6-Page 211). It is important to note here that this figure reflects the number of people who pledger allegiance at that time but they were not all true followers and die hard supporters of Imam Hussain(a.s.). Kufa had been ruled by Ziyad and Aal-e-Ziyad for 20 years during which they committed unmatched atrocities on the followers of Ahl-e-Bait(a.s.) and any one known to be sympathetic to Imam Ali(a.s.) was victimized and killed. Under these circumstances, it is correct to conclude that true followers of Imam Ali(a.s.) in that crowd were only a handful and the others had joined them only because they were fedup with the rule of Moawiya and were not in favour of Yazid becoming the next caliph. Hazrat Muslim(a.s.) reported to Imam Hussain(a.s.) through Abis ibne Shabib that most of the people in Kufa were ready to receive him as their Imam and advised that Imam(a.s.) should proceed to Kufa (Tareekh-e-Tabri, Vol.6, Page211). Amongst the people of Kufa there were many spies employed by Yazid to report to him directly. When Yazid heard from them of the invitations to Imam Hussain(a.s.) and the arrival in Kufa of Hazrat Muslim(a.s.) he was filled with fury. He sent a message to his Governor in Basrah, Ubaydullah ibne Ziyad, to go to Kufa and take over the position of Nu'amaan ibne Basheer. Ibne Ziyad was also told to arrest Hazrat Muslim(a.s.) and kill him and do all that was necessary to suppress the Shiahs in Kufa. Ibne Ziyad was a cruel, unjust and shrewed man. He kept his journey from Basra to Kufa a secret and just before entering Kufa he covered his face with a black scart so that he could not be recognized. He had a few horsemen in front of him and a few behing him as he entered Kufa. The people of Kufa had been waiting for the arrival of Imam Hussain(a.s.) anxiously and they presumed that the Imam had arrived. Soon people started gathering around him and singing welcoming songs. Ine Ziyad kept observing the people and memorizing faces as the crowd grew and soon it was difficult for his convoy to proceed swiftly. One of his guards, Muslim bin Amr Bahili, shouted "Clear the way, this is the Amir Ubaidullah ibne Ziyad". Hearing this, people started running away quickly and when ibne Ziyad reached the Dar-al-Amara only a handful people had been left. Ibne Ziyad arrived in Kufa on the evening of 2nd Zil-Hajj. On the following day he went to the mosque and addressed the people of Kufa. He first announced his appointment as Yazid's governor. He then threatened any one who was engaged in any activity against the government with immediate death, and ordered them to surrender Hazrat Muslim(a.s.) to him. Ibne Ziyad sealed Kufa in such a way that no one could go in or out of the city without the governor's permission. Since several people knew that he was staying with Mukhtar Saqafi, Hazrat Muslim(a.s.) decided to move from there as a measure of precaucion and protection. At the invitation of Hani ibn-e-Urwah(a.r.), another leading member of the Shiah community, he moved to Hani's house. This was done secretly and except for a few people no one knew where Hazrat Muslim(a.s.) was. Through a spy, Maaqal, who pretended to be a Shiah, Ibne Ziyad found out where Hazrat Muslim(a.s.) was. Since ibne Ziyad had prior relations with Hani(a.r.), he called him by trick to his palace and got him arrested and thrown into prison. Hazrat Muslaim(a.s.) got the news of Hanis arrest and not wishing to further endanger the lives of his friends, Hazrat Muslim(a.s.) and his two sons left Hani's house. He left the children with Qadhi Shurayb, a judge, and went into the desert to try and get back to Imam Hussain(a.s.) to warn him not to go to Kufa. This was the 7th of Zil-Hajj. That whole day and the following day Hazrat Muslim(a.s.) tried to get out of the city. He found all the exists sealed and guarded by Ibne Ziyad Soldiers. On the 8th, late in the evening, tired, hungry and exhausted, Hazrat Muslim(a.s.) knocked at the door of a house on the outskirts of the city. A lady opened the door. Hazrat Muslim(a.s.) requested for a little water to quench his thirst. The lady gave him water. When she learnt who he was, she invited him in and offered him shelter for the night. This lady was called Tau'aa. She gave Hazrat Muslim(a.s.) some food and water and took him to a room where he might spend the night. Late that night Tau'aa's son came home. When he learnt that the man Ibne Ziyad was looking for was in his mother's house, he felt that he would be rewarded by the governor if he got Hazrat Muslim(a.s.) arrested. Unknown to his mother he slipped out in the darkness of the night and gave the information to a captain in ibne Ziyad army. Early the next morning, five hundred soldiers under the leadership of Mohammad bin Ashas surrounded the house of Tau'aa and demanded Hazrat Muslim(a.s.)'s surrender. Hazrat Muslim(a.s.) came out holding his sword. Three times he drove the enemy away and killed 150 men. Twice Ibne Ziyad had to send in reinforcements. While Hazrat Muslim was fighting, some soldiers went up the rooftops and began throwing stones and lighted torches at him. Others dug a trench in the path of Hazrat Muslim(a.s.) and covered it with grass. Ibne Ziyad told him commanders to trick Hazrat Muslim(a.s.) otherwise it would not be possible to capture him. Although badly wounded and totally exhausted, Hazrat Muslim(a.s.) kept on fighting. As a trick, soldiers of ibne Ziyad offered peace and protection to Hazrat Muslim(a.s.) but he rejected the offer. He was deeply wounded in this tough fight and finally fell into the trench. More than fifty soldiers pounced upon him and chained him. He was dragged to the court of Ibne Ziyad. Ibne Ziyad told Hazrat Muslim(a.s.) that he would be killed and asked him if he had any last wishes. Hazrat Muslim(a.s.) said: "I owe a debt which should be discharged by selling off my sword and armour. Secondly I want my body to be given a proper burial. Thirdly I want a message sent to Imam Hussain(a.s.) advising him not to come to Kufa." Ibne Ziyad agreed to the first request but refused to do anything about the second and third requests. He then ordered Hazrat Muslim(a.s.) to be taken to the roof of the palace to be executed and his body thrown to the ground. Hazrat Muslim(a.s.) was calm and composed as he was dragged up the steps. He was reciting "Allahu Akber" until the last moment. Then there was an absolute silence followed by a thud as the head of Hazrat Muslim(a.s.) was chopped and his body fell to the ground. This was on 9th of Zil-Hajj. Immediately after Hazrat Muslim(a.s.) was martyred, Hani ibn-e-Urwah(a.r.) as well was dragged to the roof top and executed.	<urn:uuid:4e8945c0-067a-45fc-a0d4-5631a6e2e527>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.ziaraat.com/kufmus01.php	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368702448584/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516110728-00066-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.981335	3,216	1.875	2
Simply begin typing or use the editing tools above to add to this article. Once you are finished and click submit, your modifications will be sent to our editors for review. characteristics of guava ...in two forms: one has fruits with a bright yellow skin, and the other’s fruits have a purplish red skin. Other guavas include the cás of Costa Rica (P. friedrichsthalianum) and the guisaro (P. molle), both with highly acidic fruits, and the Brazilian guava (P. guineense). The so-called pineapple guava is the feijoa. What made you want to look up "guisaro"? Please share what surprised you most...	<urn:uuid:8a3a2599-bd99-4866-b467-9f1d0af54917>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/248974/guisaro	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368697974692/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516095254-00067-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.907993	153	2.921875	3
Local volunteers are packing shoe boxes with gifts to send to children around the world for Operation Christmas Child. All this week, volunteers at Calvary Chapel of Fresno are hard at work, sorting, organizing and packing shoe boxes with items like toys, school supplies and hygiene products to send to less fortunate children in other countries. Local churches, schools and civic groups are taking part in the effort. Organizer Jerry Cooksey with Operation Christmas Child said, "It's all done strictly volunteer. I sometimes have 35 people helping out in a day. And we have collected as many as 12,000 shoe boxes in one day." Last year, over 20,000 shoe boxes were filled locally, to send to children in places like Sudan, Thailand, and Cambodia. The effort is part of a worldwide program organized by Samaritan's Purse International Relief. Click the related link to learn more about Operation Christmas Child.	<urn:uuid:0db7ff81-8f41-4541-931f-2d6e56eab9e8>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.cbs47.tv/news/local/story/Sending-Christmas-joy-around-the-world/sxinUrsHDE6Fxg1H5mxviw.cspx?rss=153	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368698207393/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516095647-00066-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.959459	187	1.53125	2
Courses 2009 - 2010 LAW E560 Contemporary Muslim Legal Systems Seminar Credits: 2-6, Variable In the Muslim world today, many governments are trying to establish legal systems that ensure economic development and the protection of human rights while ensuring that their law continues to reflect ‘Islamic norms.’ This seminar provides a forum in which students with some background in Islamic law can engage in sustained research and writing on this phenomenon. After reading literature analyzing this phenomenon, students will write a major research paper on a topic of their choosing. Among other subjects, students in the past have used the class to test assumptions about nation-building, legal transplantation, economic harmonization, the rule of law, Islamic law or human rights in the Muslim world. Pre-requisite: LAW B 556 Islamic Law or instructor’s permission. Not offered this academic year.	<urn:uuid:89c0f581-4de4-4233-bb07-736bfcc702fb>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.law.washington.edu/CourseCatalog/Course.aspx?YR=2009&ID=E560	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368702810651/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516111330-00011-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.9128	177	1.75	2
Electronics & Computer Engineering with Wesley Videos on YouTube are streamed through Adobe Flash player. If you’re having trouble playing videos or viewing videos’ closed captioning on YouTube, install the latest version of the Flash player. If the instruction above didn’t resolve the issue, refer to Google’s YouTube Videos Won’t Play page for additional troubleshooting suggestions.Trouble with closed captioning? Electronics and Computer Engineering Technology with an emphasis on robotics and automation might sound intimidating, but for Pennsylvania College of Technology student Wesley Ray, the major is a perfect fit. Wes has a bright future thanks to his studies and his decision as a high school student to enroll in Penn College NOW, which allowed him to earn college credit! More information on Penn College NOW can be found at http://www.pct.edu/k12/penncollegenow/ Additional information on Wesley's major is at http://www.pct.edu/schools/iet/electronics/	<urn:uuid:a7588040-1369-4fdb-89cf-3eab10967458>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.pct.edu/videos/detail.aspx?v=z46AGGrg5Ks&title=0	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368706153698/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516120913-00020-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.935116	210	1.867188	2
Tiger Leaping Gorge is one of the most spectacular places I ever went in China. Winchester's description of a book about adventurers going to Yunnan and Tibet to get to the Yangtze's source really got my attention. I ran to my computer to get Riding the Dragon's Back off of Amazon (where I was able to purchase the book for $.01 plus shipping). Riding the Dragon's Back: The Race to Raft the Upper Yangtze by Richard Bangs and Christian Kallen is a unique China book. Neither Bangs nor Christian are China experts or scholars. Instead, they are adventurers. Specifically, world-class white water rafting guides. Their perspective - one that comes from having rafted the greatest rivers in North America, Africa, and Asia - makes for a wonderful reading experience. The book is broken into a few different sections: The first section is a general history of the Yangtze. The second is the history of the first Chinese expedition to tackle the river. The third is the narrative about the cocky American explorer, Ken Warren's, expedition. And the fourth is the story of the two author's attempt at conquering the Yangtze at the Tiger Leaping Gorge section of the river. Trying to raft the upper reaches of the Yangtze is crazy. There is a reason no human had ever done it up until the mid-1980s; Tibet, Yunnan, and Sichuan Provinces, where the Yangtze's waters begin to flow, are some of the most dangerous and formidable places on earth. The Yangtze's source begins in the Himalayas of Tibet, the roof of the world. Altitude sickness ravages humans who are strong enough to reach such heights. The world's deepest gorge and countless impassable rapids have been carved into the earth by the river over the course of millenia. Adding onto all of these natural difficulties, the lack of economic development and medical infrastructure on these upper reaches make the Upper Yangtze one of the most inhospitable places on the planet. With China's "reform and opening" in the post-Mao era came a desire from both explorers abroad and those within China to conquer the river from its untamed source. The man most obsessed with floating the Yangtze was Ken Warren. Warren, an adventurer from the United States, tried for years to get the Chinese authorities to allow him into the country to raft the Yangtze. By the mid-1980s he finally started making some headway. As word got out about foreigners planning on being the first to raft the Yangtze, a nationalist fervor swept over China. Several teams of young Chinese men volunteered, for the sake of China's pride, to be the first to raft the mighty river. This race to be the first down the Yangtze is a major part of Bangs and Kallen's book. The drive to "win" was intense. The Chinese, given a head-start from governmental bureaucratic red tape keeping the foreigners out, were the first to push off from the source down the river. What the Chinese team lacked in rafting experience, it made up for with sheer courage. Or maybe stupidity is a more appropriate word. As the Chinese team approached the most trying parts of the river, it resorted to pure ridiculousness. Check out this raft that some of the team attempted to ride down the rapids: Photo from shangri-la-river-expeditions.com The team members are in the middle of all that UFO-looking contraption! The men inside the boat were not steering the raft in any sense. They were simply going down blind, much like going over the Niagara Falls in a barrel. Unfortunately, three Chinese team members died riding that death-trap through Tiger Leaping Gorge. Undeterred by death, the collection of Chinese teams continued to push on. Stuck at the furious rapids of Tiger Leaping Gorge not sure how to continue, the following passage from page 139 really shows the determination of the Chinese teams going down on these expeditions: Two weeks slowly passed. Nearly every member of the two teams hiked down the high, narrow trail, viewed the rapids, and returned to Qiaotou discouraged. Fifteen percent, or at most twenty, were the estimated chances for success. One in five was not good odds, and some rafters considered the effort suicidal. But several of the Chinese argued that they must go through Tiger's Leap Gorge - to do otherwise would be fraud, for to run the Yangtze one must run Hutiaoxia. Some pointed out that the Americans led by Ken Warren were coming down the river after them; they would surely run the narrow gorge even if the Chinese did not - and they were getting closer every day.You'll have to get this book to find out what happens next as the capsule is loaded with humans. On September 3, a new enclosed capsule arrived for the Luoyang team, a smaller but hopefully more secure model, just seven feet in diameter and four feet high. It was only big enough for two people, lying on their sides, but it was equipped with an air-filled pillar to allow the passengers to breathe in the raging waters. The team immediately took it to the first drop, Upper Hutiao Shoal, with its huge pyramid rock fronting a sixty-foot drop in two main pitches. The next day, to test the capsule, they put a dog inside, attached an oxygen mask to the animal's muzzle, lashed the capsule shut, and sent it over the falls. The capsule bobbed in the quickening water, then accelerated and careened over the white chasm into the maelstrom below. A few minutes later it flushed into an eddy, and the rafters eagerly clambered over the rocks to fish it out of the water. The craft had been badly damaged in the falls; the door had been wrenched open, and the dog was gone. No one had thought to put a life jacket on the animal, and it was never seen again. Surprisingly, when the rafters reviewed the videotape of the run, they perceived good news: the drop had only taken a few seconds, the boat had floated through it all, had not even been caught in any of the several large reversals. Perhaps if one made sure the door was secure, and tucked oneself in the the corner of the capsule and held on tight - the dog did not have the benefit of two hands and the awareness of what lay ahead - the odds of survival might rise to a more reasonable 50 percent. The seriousness of purpose the Chinese had for their effort is measured by the incident: their experiment had killed their involuntary subject, yet they regarded it as a success and decided to try again - with humans this time. As great as the section on the Chinese teams was, the highlights of the book are the accounts of the American teams. The leader of the first US team, Ken Warren, is half John Wayne, half Leslie Nielsen from Naked Gun movies. He's a brave buffoon. Reading about Warren's exploits - such as overriding doctors who deemed his crew members too sick to raft and bringing multiple cans of hair mousse with him on the death-defying expedition - is just awesome. The authors - Bangs and Kallen - portray Warren as a real mad man. They used extensive interviews with the American team to research what they wrote. Warren refused to speak with the authors, so the only perspective is that from the team he led. The caricature that makes it onto the page is unforgettable. Reading about Warren in Riding the Dragon's Back is one of the most fascinating character studies in failed leadership I've ever seen. Warren's tales alone make this book worth reading. Shifting away from piecing together stories from the accounts of others, the two authors for the last section of the book tell of their own expedition that they went on to raft the Yangtze. It is great to finish the book on their own first-hand experiences from the river. Some truly beautiful passages fill the pages of this last section. In addition to painting beautiful landscapes for the reader, the authors share the gambit of emotions that overcame them as they experience the thrill of a lifetime: rafting the Yangtze River at Tiger Leaping Gorge. The stories of testosterone-fueled butting of heads, interacting with local communities, and real fears of death make this a delightful read. Riding the Dragon's Back was even better than what I was expecting. Winchester was spot on with his recommendation of this book. I haven't read any other books like it. Its mix of adventure with a commendable attempt at bringing the reader into Chinese history and culture make it a book I highly recommend picking up yourself.	<urn:uuid:c4311b4f-4781-49f9-ab58-621d953fafbe>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.markschinablog.blogspot.com/2011_09_01_archive.html	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368696383156/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516092623-00063-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.970258	1,813	1.867188	2
Emergency crews scrambled into action Monday when a tanker ship struck a Bay Bridge tower, but visions of catastrophe turned to relief after the damage was quickly assessed and news spread that a disaster had been averted. It was the kind of response that local, state and federal officials wished they had five years ago when the container ship Cosco Busan slammed into a bridge tower, spilling 53,000 gallons of fuel oil into the bay. "We all responded assuming this was going to be another episode of what we saw with the last spill," said Kelly Huston, the spokesman for the California Emergency Management Agency, the official agency in charge of oil spills. "There was some confusion in the last one, and we've had incidents where the coordination wasn't as good. Since then there have been a lot of changes." There are still a lot of questions that need to be answered about the 11:20 a.m. crash of the Overseas Reymar, but officials and observers said the emergency response went much more smoothly than the chaotic response in 2007. That spill, which occurred in the morning, created an uproar because officials misjudged the severity of the oil spill and did not respond adequately. They announced that only 140 gallons of oil had spilled, and it wasn't until nightfall that various agencies and local authorities equipped to help clean the oil were told of the true nature of the spill: More than 50,000 gallons of oil was in the bay. By the time the cleanup organizations, agencies and wildlife conservation groups responded, strong bay currents had dispersed the sludge. Some 26 miles of shoreline in Marin and San Mateo counties was coated with oil, and an estimated 6,849 birds and thousands more fish were killed. The pilot, Capt. John Cota of Petaluma, was blamed for setting sail in heavy fog, for failing to inform the ship's captain of his navigation plan and misreading the ship's radar and navigation charts. On Monday, it wasn't clear what caused the Overseas Reymar to swipe the easternmost tower of the bridge's western span, but pilot error is being considered. The 751-foot-long, 105-foot-wide tanker scraped the bridge, but no oil spilled, emergency officials said. The fender around the bridge tower was crushed, but there was no structural damage to the span. Alexia Retallack, the spokeswoman for the California Department of Fish and Wildlife Office of Spill Prevention and Response, said it was exactly the type of emergency that state oil spill prevention workers have been training for since the Cosco Busan disaster. The difference between the Cosco Busan and the latest strike, Retallack said, "was the speed of communication and the closing of loops." "We stood people up in the command post, we had vessels on the water, booms were right there and ready as needed," she said. "There was no hesitation." Ships that are carrying oil as cargo or fuel are required to immediately notify the various agencies, including emergency management and the Coast Guard, whenever there is a problem. Retallack said the agency has spent the past few years clarifying those protocols, informing ship operators and conducting drills and trainings on who should be contacted and when. Since Cosco Busan, spill prevention and response workers have also expanded the communications network, bringing in city and county government workers and making sure someone from each agency is ready to show up at the command post during emergencies. Emergency response handbooks have been provided to local yacht owners and marinas, Retallack said. The state has also been providing grants to local governments to acquire booms and other oil spill prevention equipment, she said. "The goal is to put all those entities together and work toward a common goal and protect the bay," Retallack said. "It's the level of participation and interest that has been accelerating since Cosco Busan. We've had participation across all levels of government. That has allowed us to build stronger plans and protocols." Still, a ship doesn't crash into the Bay Bridge unless something went wrong. Deb Self, executive director of San Francisco Baykeeper, said it took some two hours for the California Emergency Management Agency to send out a flash report to the various agencies not involved in the initial response. "Seems a little long," said Self, whose group was one of the only nonprofits that participated in the Cosco Busan spill incident review. "However, the Coast Guard and Office of Spill Prevention and Response were both out there pretty quickly, and I know San Francisco got notified." Huston said flash reports go out only after all the responding agencies are notified and emergency workers are en route, so the two-hour time frame was not out of the ordinary. "The flash report is a courtesy we do to notify those people who aren't in the first line of notification, like a news release," he said. "I thought the response was very good."	<urn:uuid:9a917cf3-4642-4ac3-867c-d8d009c96e5c>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.sfgate.com/science/article/Response-to-ship-crash-better-than-2007-4173643.php	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368700958435/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516104238-00052-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.980028	1,022	1.640625	2
\|Home > Floripedia > French Colony: Destroyed\| French Colony: DestroyedA History of Florida Menendez. Though Philip II. had for a while lost interest in the settlement of Florida, he had no idea of really giving up any part of his lands in the New World. In 1565 he sent Don Pedro Menendez de Aviles, a brave soldier, but a very cruel one, to conquer and colonize Florida. While Menendez was making ready to sail, news came of the Huguenot colony, and of Ribault's preparation to go to its aid. Great was the anger among the Spaniards, and as many as Menendez could take with him eagerly joined his expedition. At midsummer the vessels set sail, and they made a quiet voyage across the Atlantic. A storm scattered the fleet, however, and when Porto Rico was reached, only about a third of his forces were with Menendez. The Landing. In too great haste to await the rest, he sailed to Florida. He sighted the coast on the day consecrated to St. Augustine, August 28, and he gave the name of that holy man to the place where he landed. He learned all the Indians could tell him of the French, then sailed about the coast to make certain where they were. Some distance to the north he sighted four vessels of Ribault. These had arrived a few days before, but were too large to cross the bar at the mouth of the river. St. Augustine Founded. The French demanded of Menendez who he was and why he came. He replied in no gentle words that he was Menendez of Spain with orders from his king to kill and behead all Protestants in the regions about. He then said he would spare the Frenchmen who were Catholics. As Ribault's men had no wish to be killed and beheaded, and were not prepared to give battle, they cut their cables, and though long pursued by the Spaniards, escaped to the open sea. Whom did Philip next send to Florida? When? What added zeal to this expedition? Tell of the voyage. Why was the first settlement called St. Augustine? What was the first thing Menendez did after landing? What was his reply to the inquiries of the French? The Spaniards returned to St. Augustine. They went on shore, and, on September, took formal possession of the land for the king of Spain. After religious services, the foundation of St. Augustine, the oldest town in the United States, was laid. An Indian village had occupied the site, and the chief made a present of his dwelling to the Spaniards. Around this dwelling defenses were hastily made of earth and fagots—the Spaniards learning with great surprise that no stones were to be found. Then eighty cannon were put in place, and so the hurriedly built fort was strengthened. Ribault's Vessels Wrecked. The French at Fort Caroline hardly knew whether to make their defenses stronger and wait for the enemies to make the attack, or to embark on their vessels and seek the Spaniards. The latter plan was decided upon, and Ribault left only a small garrison at the fort with the women and children and the sick. It was the season of storms. Hardly had Ribault left the harbor when a terrible gale arose. The French ships were all wrecked upon the coast, some in ore than a hundred miles south of Fort Caroline. Most of the men escaped to the shore, but were too far from the fort to make their way there. Tell of the founding of St. Augustine. What had the place been? How did the French seek to protect Fort Caroline? Massacre at Fort Caroline. Menendez made ready to attack Fort Caroline, now practically without defense. Swamps, lakes, creeks, and thick forests lay between the fort and St. Augustine; but through all and in the pouring rain Menendez led his men. The fight could not last long. He made a furious attack. There was a frightful massacre. Although toward the last Menendez ordered the women and children, the crippled and aged, to be spared, it was not till after many even of these had been killed. A few of the garrison escaped to the woods. Some of these went back and gave themselves up to the mercy of the Spaniards. They were instantly put to death. The others, after great suffering, reached the seacoast. There they were taken on board two small French vessels that had remained in the harbor when the rest went out. So they escaped. Massacre at Matanzas. Having destroyed Fort Caroline, Menendez went in search of the Frenchmen, who, the Indians told him, had been shipwrecked on the coast. Two hundred of these unfortunate men were found at Matanzas Inlet, with no means of crossing to the other side. Menendez arranged his men so that their number seemed greater than it really was. The shipwrecked men asked permission to pass the inlet and go to their friends when told of the destruction at Fort Caroline. Then, when told of the destruction of thefort, they asked to be sent home, as France and Spain the fort, they asked to he must were at peace. But Menendez would only say they must trust to his mercy, and it seemed there was nothing for them to do. Boats were sent over for them, and, ten at a time, they were brought across the inlet. They expected to be taken to St. Augustine as prisoners, but before sundown all except eight, who said they were Catholics, had been put to death. With what result? Relate the story of the massacres. After a few hours, Menendez learned that Ribault was at Matanzas making a raft to cross on. He hurried back, and bade Ribault and his companions to submit to his mercy as he had bade the two hundred to do. Two hundred of these felt that they could never trust him, and somehow slipped away into the woods. A few of these were later captured by the Spaniards, yet some lived to return to France. But Ribault with one hundred and fifty of his men, as the two hundred had been, were taken by tens across the inlet, then were bound and massacred. A few musicians and mechanics were spared, and those who said they were Catholics—less than twenty in all. The noble Ribault met his death calmly and fearlessly. In a clear voice he sang a psalm. Then he said that in twenty years, more or less, he must make his final account to God and Menendez might do with him as he would. So with calm and pious courage that strengthened his comrades to the last, his life ended. How many were murdered by Menendez at Matanzas Inlet? Who were spared? Excerpt from Part One, Chapter Six, "How the French Colony was Destroyed" A History of Florida, 1904. Next Section; Table of Contents. \|Home > Floripedia > French Colony: Destroyed\| Florida: A Social Studies Resource for Students and Teachers Produced by the Florida Center for Instructional Technology, College of Education, University of South Florida © 2005.	<urn:uuid:411582a9-56ff-4230-a493-e42061b831e0>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://fcit.coedu.usf.edu/florida/docs/f/frenchcol2.htm	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368697974692/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516095254-00010-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.990865	1,495	3.328125	3
What they are: Antidepressants are medications designed to correct abnormalities in the activity of brain chemicals known as neurotransmitters, which affect mood and behavior. Examples include: Elavil (chemical name: amitryptiline), Pamelor (chemical name: nortriptyline), Norpramin (chemical name: desipramine), Cymbalta (chemical name: duloxetine) What they're used for: Antidepressants are used to treat the pain of neuropathy (nerve damage), which can cause a sensation of tingling or burning. If your doctor prescribes an antidepressant for neuropathic pain, it does not mean you are depressed. How they're taken: Antidepressants are taken by mouth. Possible side effects include: Antidepressants are not right for everyone who experiences pain, so be sure to talk with your doctor about your unique situation, symptoms, and needs.	<urn:uuid:faba1c27-7fd1-4d06-8029-6cadeba9acda>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.breastcancer.org/treatment/pain/meds/coanalgesics/antidepressants	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368696381249/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516092621-00031-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.933763	195	3.203125	3
Three-quarters of shoppers waited until the last minute for their back-to-school shopping, according to the survey. He expects to see the same during the holidays. "Advertising earlier and earlier was a desperation move trying to get people to buy things early before they went to another retailer to buy it," he said. "But (shoppers are) waiting longer and longer for better sales and more coupons." There's also evidence that shoppers tend to be distracted before a presidential race, which slows down sales. In 2008, traffic fell 3.7 percent in the week leading up to the presidential election and 6.3 percent during the week, according to ShopperTrak data. Sales also declined in the weeks leading up to the 2004 elections. ShopperTrak's Martin said people tend to be more focused on political issues than on purchases. They're also likely to have a tighter grip on their wallets when the election outcome is up in the air, because of uncertainty over how the policies in the new White House will affect household finances. The slowdown likely won't hang around once the elections are over. Retail ads are expected to make a fast and furious return, because of the mere two weeks available for stores to advertise their Black Friday door buster sales. Black Friday, the day after Thanksgiving, marks the start of the holiday shopping season each year. Stores consider it the most important time of the year, because they can make up to 40 percent of their annual sales in the November-December period. This year, retailers are jittery, since expectations are that sales may not be that robust. The National Retail Federation has predicted that holiday sales this year will rise by 4.1 percent this year, a slower pace compared to the 5.6 percent increase last year.	<urn:uuid:27d0e2a8-3052-4add-8265-bdfba8a1dfe0>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.wyff4.com/news/money/Election-pushes-back-holiday-ads/-/9323996/16960126/-/item/1/-/kh9xi6z/-/index.html	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368700958435/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516104238-00019-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.97407	364	1.523438	2
By Mary Bottari and Brendan Fischer Yesterday, as General Motors and Walgreens announced they were quitting the controversial American Legislative Exchange Council, ALEC members were meeting at a "five diamond" hotel in Salt Lake City to discuss how tobacco can cure smoking. ALEC brings together corporate lobbyists and right-wing politicians behind closed doors to craft, amend and vote on ALEC "model" bills, which are then introduced in statehouses across the land stripped of their ALEC origin. According to an agenda obtained by the Center for Media and Democracy (CMD), "Can Tobacco Cure Smoking?" is the title of a workshop yesterday morning led by the tobacco industry-backed Dr. Brad Rodu, who is trained as a dentist but has the title "Chair of Tobacco Harm Reduction Research" at the University of Louisville, a program that the Wall Street Journal found was primarily funded by U.S. Smokeless Tobacco Co., an ALEC member and manufacturer of smokeless tobacco brands like Copenhagen and Skoal. He is also a Senior Fellow at the Heartland Institute, the Illinois-based think tank that attracted attention earlier this year for making billboards that likened those who believe in man-made climate change to mass murderers and terrorists. Rodu's research supports the idea that smokers should replace cigarettes with smokeless chewing tobacco or "snus" moist tobacco packets -- a "free market" solution to reducing smoking that would allow tobacco companies to continue profiting off of addiction. The Food & Drug Administration and health advocates have strongly opposed substituting cigarettes with smokeless tobacco because "chew" and "snus" still cause cancer and other serious diseases, and suggesting that smokeless tobacco is a safe alternative would likely lead to a rise in overall tobacco use. The risk is even more significant because tobacco companies market the product to young people with "winter chill" flavors and bright candy-colored packaging. Additionally, because of the low salt content, snus users don't need to spit, making it nearly impossible to tell if a high schooler is chewing snus or Bazooka Joe bubble gum. As CMD has reported, in May of 2011 ALEC member Sen. Alberta Darling (R-WI) quietly inserted an amendment into the state budget that was virtually identical to the tobacco industry-supported ALEC model bill "Resolution on the Enhancement of Economic Neutrality, Commercial Efficiency, and Fairness in the Taxation of Moist Smokeless Tobacco (MST) Products." The provision would change the way tobacco is taxed from a per-unit basis or a percentage of cost to a weight-based tax, which would effectively lower the price of snus and smokeless tobacco products manufactured by the big tobacco companies. The provision successfully passed after ALEC sent a letter to Wisconsin legislators supporting the amendment, but it was too extreme even for Governor Scott Walker, who vetoed it. Although ALEC has shed 30 corporate members in recent months as the organization has come under increasing public scrutiny for its backing of extreme voter suppression bills, unconstitutional anti-immigrant laws and Florida-style "Stand Your Ground" legislation, the tobacco industry has remained faithful. Reynolds American is a "President"-level sponsor of ALEC's 2012 conference (which in 2010 cost $100,000) and Altria/Philip Morris is a "Chairman" level sponsor (which in 2010 cost $50,000). Additionally, former tobacco industry lobbyist W. Preston Baldwin III is the Chairman of ALEC's Private Enterprise Board, Reynolds America lobbyist David Powers is the Board's treasurer, and Altria lobbyist Daniel Smith is part of the Board's Executive Committee. Additionally, Philip Morris lobbyist Brandie Davis, the Private Sector Co-Chair of the ALEC International Relations Task Force, has been named a "Private Sector Member of the Year" for 2012. ALEC recently hired the Edelman PR firm, the preferred spinmeisters of global tobacco corporation, to polish its image and stem the corporate flight from the organization. Also paying hundreds of thousands of dollars to sponsor the ALEC meeting -- including the "Can Tobacco Make You Healthier?" panel -- are companies that claim to be in business to make sick people well, such as pharmaceutical companies Bayer, GlaxoSmithKline and Alkermes, and pharmaceutical trade group PhRMA, each of which are "Chairman"-level sponsors of this year's meeting. The "Chairman" level cost $50,000 in 2010, meaning these companies may have spent $200,000 or more to sponsor the meeting. Bayer and GlaxoSmithKline also have representatives on the ALEC Private Enterprise Board, where they sit alongside representatives from the tobacco industry. Other health-related companies sponsoring this year's meeting are insurance company State Farm at the $25,000 "Vice-Chairman" level, and at the $10,000 "Director" level, pharmaceutical company Boehringer Ingelheim and hospital operator Intermountain Healthcare. Despite public pressure, Big Pharma has stood with Big Tobacco, firmly behind ALEC. The "Can Tobacco Cure Smoking?" workshop is one of around a dozen that state legislators are attending at ALEC's 39th Annual Meeting, which runs July 25th through 28th at Salt Lake's swank Grand America Hotel, the only AAA Five Diamond hotel in the city. Other workshops include "Municipal Pension Reform" and "Using Non-Addictive Medication in Alternatives to Incarceration," and one titled "Regulation Without Representation" warning of how the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) "has taken on an ardent regulatory agenda that threatens the representative nature of our government." The Commerce, Insurance, and Economic Development Task Force, for example, will discuss topics like "the resurgence of 'right to work,'" getting rid of licensing restrictions for certain professions, and eliminating federal restrictions on states charging toll fees on roads. The Communications and Information Technology Task Force will discuss "the high cost to taxpayers from municipal broadband" and the Energy, Environment, and Agriculture Task Force "will cover the EPA's regulation of carbon dioxide" as well as consider model bills like the Animal Property Protection Act and the Intrastate Coal and Use Act. Legislators will also attend corporate-sponsored parties and receptions, including an "invitation only" cigar reception, from 9 p.m. to midnight tonight, hosted by one of ALEC's major tobacco firms. It is not yet known if snus will be on the menu.	<urn:uuid:4eb2ca0b-d268-4a00-ba07-f6c8dd6b339e>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.huffingtonpost.com/mary-bottari/alec-conference-2012_b_1705979.html	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368707435344/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516123035-00053-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.94662	1,301	1.703125	2
This document 200040 has been modified as per Budget Revision 1 (see below). Since the onset of conflict in Iraq, the Syrian Arab Republic continues to host the largest population of Iraqi refugees, most of whom have settled in the capital Damascus. Many of these refugees have been made vulnerable by the extended duration of their displacement and the erosion of their means of subsistence. As refugees in Syria are not permitted to work, own property or obtain licenses to operate businesses, they are fully dependent on external support, including remittances and humanitarian assistance. This external support is frequently insufficient to cover basic living expenses, such as the cost of food, rent and health care; the plight of the refugees has also been further compounded by the global economic crisis, which has driven up food and fuel prices and reduced remittances. This situation is forcing an increasing number of refugees to seek unofficial employment, and exposing them to situations that raise protection concerns. The 2010 elections in Iraq have further renewed uncertainty amongst the refugees about the likelihood of an early return home. WFP currently provides food assistance to Iraqi refugees in Syria through Regional EMOP 10717, which will end on 30 April 2010. This proposed new phase of the EMOP, EMOP Syria 200040, “Assistance to Iraqi Refugees in Syria”, has been designed on the basis of the findings and recommendations of a UN Joint Assessment Mission (JAM) in June 2009, a Response Analysis Project (RAP) mission conducted by WFP headquarters in July 2009 and a review of lessons learnt from the current EMOP 10717. Both the JAM and the RAP confirmed the need to continue food assistance to all categories of registered refugees, to diversify the food basket and to adjust the ration size. The EMOP Syria 200040 aims to save lives and protect the livelihoods of Iraqi and non-Iraqi refugees (WFP Strategic Objective 1), by providing adequate food assistance to the most vulnerable refugee groups. It also aims to strengthen the capacity of government entities to implement emergency operations (WFP Strategic Objective 5) through partnerships in the implementation of the EVS, with its possible integration in the national safety nets programme at a later stage. The EMOP is for a duration of 12 months and will cover a caseload of 150,000 beneficiaries. It will be implemented in partnership and cooperation with UNHCR, the State Planning Commission (SPC), the Syrian Arab Red Crescent (SARC) and (for the EVS) the General Establishment for Storage and Marketing of Agricultural and Animal Products (GESMAAP). Under the EMOP, WFP will expand food assistance to include all refugee groups identified as vulnerable, including previously excluded groups: Iraqi refugees who arrived before 2003, single and able-bodied yet still vulnerable Iraqi males between 18 and 50 years of age (as recommended by the JAM), approximately 1,000 Palestinians from Iraq and a small group of non-Iraqi refugees. The EMOP will provide assistance through both in-kind food distribution and vouchers. WFP Syria has been piloting and testing an Electronic Voucher System (EVS) since October 2009, which has since been expanded to cover a total of 2,000 households as of January 2010. Under the EVS, beneficiaries will be able to select their food rations from a list of seven items and 11 varieties at any time and at the closest available point of sale, up to a predetermined voucher value. The in-kind food basket has also been adjusted to provide a more diversified ration in quantities and varieties of commodities that better meet the needs of beneficiaries, as established during the RAP consultative process with stakeholders. The operation is designed to maintain daily nutritional requirements and dietary needs during the different climatic seasons by including animal protein and an increased oil ration during the winter months. UNHCR's complementary food items will be integrated into WFP's food basket, which will provide a 2,085 kcal average ration. Given the legal context, self-reliance activities cannot be promoted as a recovery strategy. A phasing out of assistance to the targeted population will only be possible once the political and security situation in Iraq improves and the refugees can return home and/or when viable, legal livelihood opportunities can be pursued in Syria. Since the onset of the conflict in Iraq in 2003, Syria continues to host the largest Iraqi refugee population in the region....	<urn:uuid:23808409-3ee4-4dce-ad4c-4c505cf77cdd>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.wfp.org/content/assistance-iraqi-refugees-syria	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368705559639/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516115919-00021-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.95826	886	2	2
A report by MLB.com’s Ken Gurnick suggests that an unidentified bidder has reportedly raised the thought of selling the naming rights to Dodger Stadium, an establishment that will be celebrating it’s 50th birthday this season. Why the idea? Well the investment bank that is marketing this bankruptcy sale has listed naming rights for the stadium among the varying value creation opportunities. The thought has presented itself before, but was ignored because current owner Frank McCourt felt that the fans would simply ignore any changes. How true is this fact? More true than most might speculate. As many know Dodger Stadium lies on an area in Sulfir Canyon known as Chavez Ravine, a name stamped to the area after a 19th century Los Angeles Councilman named Julian Chavez. It was the home to many Mexican-Americans in the 1940s because of housing discrimination taking place in other parts of Los Angeles. But with each passing year came the realization of Chavez Ravine being a prime spot for real estate. That was when a plan was developed by Richard Neutra and Robert Alexander to construct a new city to be known as Elysian Park Heights. The project was set to include two dozen 13-story buildings and more than 160 two-story townhouses, plus renovated playgrounds and schools. In 1953, all support was lost when the city elected Norris Poulson to be it’s next mayor. The housing projects were just memories. The properties were sold back to the City of Los Angeles from the Federal Housing Authority, who was to oversee the building of the community. The sole clause in the sale was that the land would be used strictly for public purpose. The purpose would eventually become known as Dodgers baseball in Los Angeles beginning with the team’s migration from Brooklyn in 1958. On June 3rd of that year the team inherited 352 acres from the City of Los Angeles and rapidly begun construction on Dodger Stadium. For fifty years this has been the home of the Dodgers. But for three seasons, the Anaheim Angels called Dodger Stadium home, referring to the park as “Chavez Ravine Stadium” in observance of the land and refusing to acknowledge the tenants of the stadium. It was at Dodger Stadium that Sandy Koufax threw his Perfect Game, where Kirk Gibson did the impossible (as Vin Scully perfectly described it) and hit a walk-off home run against Dennis Eckersley and the Oakland A’s in the 1988 World Series, where Fernando Valenzuela would create the first “mania” known as “Fernandomania” (subsequent trends would include Nomomania and most recently Linsanity), where Eric Gagne mowed down teams en route to 84 consecutive saves, where Steve Finley sunk the Giants with a walk-off home run to clinch a playoff spot, where Russell Martin, Jeff Kent, J.D. Drew and Marlon Anderson connected on four consecutive home runs, and many more spectacular moments that simply do not do the stadium justice.	<urn:uuid:34b9e50b-bfc6-4286-aa12-6484199df5a0>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.dodgersnation.com/everything-lies-in-the-identity-of-a-team/2012/03/22	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368702810651/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516111330-00036-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.972764	620	1.609375	2
The administration is eyeing unilateral steps on gun control, but analysts said there are few things President Obama can do on his own because gun control is one area where Congress has jealously guarded its power to make the laws. The Food and Drug Administration is requiring makers of Ambien and similar sleeping pills to lower the dosage of their drugs, based on studies suggesting that patients face higher risks of injury because of morning drowsiness. Lawmakers are making public emails that show that Wal-Mart Stores Inc.'s CEO found out in 2005 that the retailer was handing out bribes in Mexico. Vice President Joseph R. Biden on Wednesday floated the possibility that President Obama will take unilateral action to impose gun control in the wake of the last month's Connecticut school shooting. Target Corp. is pledging to match prices of select online rivals year-round, a move that underscores how physical and online retailing are being meshed together. Here is my question to conservatives in 2013: In the discussion over the treatment of workers who help enrich U.S. corporations, why is the outrage largely limited to liberals and labor activists? A last-minute surge in spending may have saved Christmas for stores. The girl started playing basketball against her older brother on a raggedy curbside hoop in front of their house. The brother, 16, always won. The sister, 10, always ran inside and cried in her mother's arms. How is it possible that the government can spend almost twice as much as it takes in without having high inflation?	<urn:uuid:92ab9687-a973-414a-88f4-1b7e7599d3c6>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.washingtontimes.com/topics/wal-mart/3816/t/stories/?page=3	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368703682988/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516112802-00041-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.96675	312	1.921875	2
Chester is a city in the northwestern English county of Cheshire. It has about 350,000 inhabitants. Chester- Saturday Wk 7 The Queen’s Jubilee is being celebrated all through the long long weekend throughout the UK (Saturday- Tuesday). Today our day trip was to Chester which was about a 2hr drive away. Chester was originally surrounded by Roman city walls. The shopping area was very busy and decked out in patriotic ... Posted in The Fledgling Flies by rebeccalaura	<urn:uuid:16e9c85d-3cf9-494a-a35e-e084e35580ae>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.travellerspoint.com/guesthouses-pt-ci-269.html	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368700958435/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516104238-00040-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.986258	108	1.71875	2
Experiencing the Exodus in All Generations In order to make the covenant eternal, all Jews must come to understand that they themselves were taken out of slavery in Egypt This week's Torah portion, Ki Tavo, focuses on the reaffirmation of the covenant between God and the Israelites. The Israelite people are told that when they bring the first fruits of the land and themaasro (wheat offerings), they are to recite short speeches confirming their relationship to God and the land of Israel (Deuteronomy 26:1-15). Next, Moses reminds the Israelites of their unique identity as God's chosen people, and he directs them upon entering the land of Israel to write the words of the Torah on large rocks, which will then be placed on Mount Ayval. The people are then to stand on Mount Gerizim to bless those who keep God's laws and on Mount Ayval to curse those who violate God's commandments. A long list of blessings and a much longer list of curses follow. The portion concludes with Moses explaining to the people that it is only they, the second generation since the Exodus, who have the perspective to fully appreciate the Exodus story. The covenant, as it is described in Ki Tavo, is not an agreement made in the past. Instead, time collapses so that each member of the Jewish people has seemingly lived through all the formative experiences of the nation. Throughout the generations, each person who brings the offering of the first fruits declares, "The Egyptians treated us badly and afflicted us . . .we called out to God and God heard our voices . . .God took us out of Egypt with a strong hand . . .and brought us to this land, a land flowing with milk and honey. And now I have brought the first fruits of the land which God has given me."	<urn:uuid:ea4aabd1-3d8f-4b0e-8558-165d3d1846fe>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.beliefnet.com/Faiths/Judaism/2000/09/Experiencing-The-Exodus-In-All-Generations.aspx	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368700264179/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516103104-00049-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.959243	374	3.3125	3
PATTERN OF PRESENTATION OF PATIENTS WITH LEUKAEMIA IN THE NIGER DELTA REGION OF NIGERIA Aim: To determine the pattern of clinical presentation and haematological parameters of leukaemias, which had not been documented in this part of Niger Delta region of Nigeria, noted for its petrochemical industries and gas flare sites. Method: All cases of leukaemia that presented to the University of Benin Teaching Hospital, a major referral center in the region from April 1993 to March 2003 were reviewed. Demographic and clinical information including duration of illness before presentation were obtained by oral interview. Diagnosis was established based on the morphological features obtained from well-stained (leishman) peripheral blood smears and bone marrow aspirates. Haematological parameters were done using Automated Coulter Counter.	<urn:uuid:a5894640-3f10-46d5-8229-c82e68d7c024>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.uniben.edu/abstracts/pattern-presentation-patients-leukaemia-niger-delta-region-nigeria	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368704713110/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516114513-00011-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.939101	176	2.09375	2
In 1986, when Buenos Aires native Isidoro Gravier decided it was time to find a better future for his family, he moved to Madrid, thinking he could settle comfortably into the established Jewish community there. But it was not so easy. “The people were very friendly and supportive,” he recalled, “but the culture felt alien to us, and the attitudes were alien to us.” At the time, Gravier could not have imagined how dramatically the situation would change. Today, using the recipes of his 87-year-old mother-in-law, who is the daughter of Russian immigrants, Gravier operates a catering business specializing in Ashkenazic fare like latkes and blintzes — in Spain, the birthplace of Sephardic Jewry. Gravier and his family are part of a growing Ashkenazic community in Madrid, a city that now boasts Yiddish-language workshops, book fairs celebrating the works of Sholom Aleichem and, most recently, a Jewish theater club. Spain — legendary as the country that expelled and killed its Jews in 1492 — may not seem the obvious place for a Ashkenazic Jewish community. But roughly 15% of Spain’s 30,000 Jewish residents today are of Central and Eastern European descent, and that percentage is climbing. More than 250 Jewish families — overwhelmingly Ashkenazic — have come to Spain from Argentina in the last six months alone, according to Argentinian rabbi Adrian Herbst. A continuous flow is expected as social and economic conditions worsen in Buenos Aires, which is still home to 180,000 Jews. “Those who come from Latin America — Argentina, Uruguay and Venezuela — usually don’t speak English, so they don’t want to go to the States. They don’t speak Hebrew so they don’t want to go to Israel — and, besides, for them Israel would be like trading one crisis for another,” Herbst said. “Where else should they go?” Though Spain may seem like a reasonable answer, its largely Sephardic and Orthodox community poses unique challenges for many recent immigrants. “Even in the synagogue we felt uncomfortable,” said Gravier’s wife, Lidia Sigal, looking back on her initial impressions in 1986. She noted that the Sephardic and Orthodox traditions in Madrid were “nothing like what we were accustomed to in Buenos Aires.” “Most of the Jews who just arrived from Argentina are used to a real synagogue for Friday night services, sending their kids to youth groups and Hebrew school and maybe even studying something themselves during the week,” Herbst said. “When they get to Spain, they miss that. They don’t tend to be very religious, but they enjoy being part of a community. When they realize they don’t fit in, some feel like leaving the country. But if we develop an Ashkenazi community, not only will they want to stay, but Spain could become a natural destination for Jews from all over Latin America.” To that end, Herbst traveled to Madrid last month to help its Conservative synagogue, Bet El, deal with the recent influx of Argentine immigrants. The congregation is fast outgrowing the modest apartment, crammed with people sitting in bridge chairs, that serves as makeshift sanctuary and meeting place. Holidays are standing-room only and this past Yom Kippur services had to be moved to a hotel to accommodate the 200 attendees. In addition to finding a new space for the synagogue, a main priority is hiring a permanent rabbi. Until now, Sabbath, Rosh Hashana and Yom Kippur services have been conducted by a good-natured accountant who once studied at a seminary in Argentina but was never ordained. “He does it as a hobby,” Herbst said. “He doesn’t have time to offer spiritual guidance during the week; he’s busy working.” While the historic community was wiped out some 500 years ago, the modern Jewish presence in Spain goes back more than a century. As early as 1917, more than 1,000 Jews were living in Madrid. They prayed in a rented apartment on Príncipe Street until the Spanish Civil War, when they were forced to go underground. “Some Yom Kippur celebrations ended up in the police station,” said Isaac Querub Caro, former president of the officially recognized Jewish Community of Madrid. Scholars are still divided on the extent to which Franco’s fascist regime helped Jews during Hitler’s time. According to Caro, officials offered them refuge “as long as they were on their way to somewhere else.” The first significant wave of Jewish immigrants arrived in 1956, following Morocco’s independence from French and Spanish colonial rule. The official reason, popular in political circles here, is that Jews sought better schools and economic opportunities for their children; the unofficial reason is that they feared repression by the new Arab government. The Six-Day War in 1967 provoked a similar exodus of North African immigrants, Sephardic Jews who spoke Haketia, a version of Ladino that combines Arabic, French and Hebrew with 14th-century Spanish, the language of their ancestors. When a law guaranteeing religious freedom was finally passed in 1968, the Orthodox Sephardic community in Madrid received permission to build Spain’s first new synagogue since the Inquisition, in the heart of the capital on Balmes Street. Spanish King Juan Carlos even made a highly publicized visit there in 1992, acknowledging the grave mistake made by King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella 500 years earlier. The Conservative Ashkenazic community of Bet El has a long way to go to reach the level of organization achieved by the Sephardim of Balmes Street. But it is on its way. Last October, the organization Masorti-Olami of the World Council of Conservative Synagogues sent two “consultants” to help. Rebecca and Eytan Hammerman have spent the last eight months setting up weekly Hebrew classes, youth groups and, once a month, Saturday morning services, all with an Ashkenazic flavor. “These are people who came from a huge Jewish community, where you walk down the street and feel the Jewish culture in the air, like in New York,” Rebecca Hammerman said, speaking of the Argentine immigrants. “Here that’s not the case. They don’t have contact with Jews in their daily life. And in Balmes Street, they haven’t felt that comfortable. We need to create a place where they belong.” The organizers are counting on ordinary folks like Claudia Filozof to make things change. Filozof, a doctor, left Buenos Aires with her husband, mother and two teenage children less than a year ago. After finding a job, renting an apartment in Madrid and settling the kids in new schools, she was ready for the next step: getting back into step with the rhythms of Jewish life. First Filozof visited the synagogue on Balmes Street, but “didn’t feel anything,” she said. “It was like going to a Greek ceremony.” After a while, she found out about the Conservative services at Bet El’s shabby apartment. “It felt like family,” she recalled. Back in Argentina, Filozof’s family was not especially observant, and the kids hardly ever went to Friday night services. But here, suddenly swimming in strange waters, the teens don’t skip a week. The eldest boy is especially sensitive to anti-Israeli sentiments of his classmates at the public high school and has sought out any Jewish youth activities available. This Passover, the family joined 200 other Argentinian Jews for a mega-Seder at a local restaurant. “There was dancing and kosher food and lots of little kids running around all over the place,” Filozof gushed in her melodious Argentine Spanish. “We all ended up singing ‘Halleluyah.’”	<urn:uuid:48ecb55e-a7ed-4806-8b5e-ea53408c9934>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://forward.com/articles/8812/ashkenazim-storm-sepharad/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368697380733/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516094300-00059-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.968926	1,698	2.140625	2
10:58 am Jun. 28, 20121 The Supreme Court has upheld the vast majority of President Obama's health care plan, with Chief Justice John Roberts joining the liberal wing of the court to declare the individual mandate a constitutionally permissible tax. I spoke briefly with Michael Graetz, a professor of tax law at Columbia Law School, who said he wasn't particularly surprised by the outcome, which was actually predicated on a rejection of the administration's characterization of its own health care plan. "The taxing power is historically quite broad," he said. Graetz explained the decision this way: "The basic story of course is that there is a mandate, and the penalty for not complying with a mandate is the tax. So you think of it as you either pay the tax, or you buy health insurance. "So it's sort of a pay-or-play scheme, is the way the majority has interpreted it. And the taxing power certainly would allow that. I mean we pay taxes for Social Security. Taxes are mandated. They're not voluntary. And the Congress put this in the tax law, in the internal revenue code, so it's not shocking this is what they did." In declaring the mandate a tax, Roberts broke with President Obama, who had publicly insisted the law didn't constitute a tax. Roberts declared that Congress could not force citizens to buy health insurance under the Commerce Clause—agreeing with the four conservative justices on that point—but that the Commerce Clause ultimately didn't matter, because the mandate fell under Congress's power to levy taxes. Graetz said it wasn't a matter of Roberts', or any of the justices' ideology; it's simply that tax law has always been broadly interpreted. "Look it's clear that if you structure something like Social Security, that you have to pay in and you get certain benefits, it's a tax," he said. "Or Medicare, part A, the hospital insurance. We all pay in and then at a certain age, we're eligible for the benefits. "That's clearly constitutional. No one says that's not constitutional. That was upheld long ago. The only question is whether because they didn't call it a tax, that would mean it wasn't a tax," he said. "Obviously Justice Roberts didn't think what the president called it had any legal effect."	<urn:uuid:76fd6c1c-c539-4425-a639-c248ddae5776>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.capitalnewyork.com/article/politics/2012/06/6091206/how-john-roberts-saved-obamacare-ignoring-obamas-tax-argument?politics-bucket-image	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368706890813/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516122130-00017-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.982502	480	1.523438	2
This was the first piece I had published on Comment is Free six years ago. It was prompted by ENOs staging of John Adams' opera Nixon in China. Last night, Adams conducted a semi-staged version of the opera at the Royal Albert Hall. It was a breathtaking performance, garnering this review from Tim Ashley in The Guardian. While the opera, if anything, improves with age, its subject matter, politics and international relations go from bad to worse, just as I suggested back in 2006. English National Opera's revival of John Adams' Nixon in China is visually and musically stunning and, like all good opera, shot through with political intrigue. Its relentless mockery of Henry Kissinger has obvious appeal, but more interesting is the opera's surprisingly sympathetic portrait of Nixon himself. Could there be another side to Nixon, one neglected by historians, or did the librettist take a few liberties with historical truth in pursuit of a good story? Nixon is remembered chiefly for having to resign the presidency after authorising and then lying about criminal acts ahead of the 1972 election campaign. He also escalated the Vietnam war - bombing Cambodia and Laos - before bringing it to an ignominious end. And it was under his stewardship that Allende's democratically elected government in Chile was overthrown with US support. According to the received wisdom, Nixon was a right-wing Republican of the worst kind: deceitful, conceited and utterly paranoid in respect of perceived threats to American hegemony on the world stage. Nothing much has changed then: for Nixon three decades ago, read Bush today. Except that a closer look at Nixon's record - especially on the domestic front - reveals some quite astounding differences; differences which illustrate just how far to the right politics has shifted in recent years. If Nixon were running for office today on his 1968 platform, he would be way to the left of the Democratic Party. Consider his record: he was the architect of détente and initiated the first round of talks on strategic arms limitation. Notwithstanding his folly in south-east Asia, it was Nixon who began the process of making the world safe from nuclear weapons. He established the Environmental Protection Agency - the same agency whose efforts are now undermined at every opportunity by the Bush administration, which refuses to allow the fate of the planet to interfere with America's economic prosperity. He introduced Supplemental Security Income, a programme of support for blind, disabled and elderly people funded not from social security payments but from general taxation. The type of programme that is now targeted by those determined to cut government spending on society's most vulnerable. Nixon also launched the Minority Business Development Agency, which provides support and advice to minority-owned businesses. He was responsible for the Philadelphia Plan, the first government-sanctioned affirmative action programme, which set targets for greater employment of African Americans by the construction industry. Now, few aspiring statesmen would risk advocating such a radical scheme for addressing inequalities across the racial divide. Then there was the Occupational Health and Safety Administration. Similar efforts to improve workplace safety today are routinely opposed by employers perceiving yet another bureaucratic challenge to business profitability. Perhaps most remarkably, when the oil crisis hit in 1973, Nixon persuaded the nation to drive more slowly in order to save fuel. He introduced a 55 mph national speed limit, which remained in place until 1995. He also persuaded Americans to exchange their gas-guzzling automobiles for more modest and fuel-efficient cars. The environmental crisis today is far more serious than the oil crisis of the 1970s, but would any President now dare suggest that Americans give up their equally oil-greedy SUVs for the greater good? In the 1970s, Americans were easily persuaded that in the face of a collective crisis, the proper response was personal sacrifice. Nixon was able to bring about this cultural change not because he was an exceptionally moral or inspiring leader - he was nothing of the sort - but because the political context in which he operated was quite different from today's. It was a context in which politicians could make a difference when it mattered, and were sufficiently confident to offer moral leadership on difficult issues. It was a time when most people believed very strongly that there was such a thing as society. It was also a time when politicians could force through increases in government spending on socially valuable public initiatives without risking the global competitive advantage of their national economies. Ironically, it was Nixon's legacy that finally ended a period of unprecedented political commitment to the possibility of a more inclusive society. He unwittingly began the process of dismantling the postwar economic settlement, which had delivered a quarter century of steady growth, low inflation and full employment. In January 1971 Nixon declared, "Now I am a Keynesian". In fact, just like his predecessor, Lyndon Johnson, he had been a Keynesian throughout his presidency. But as well as using deficit spending to reduce unemployment, he also used it to fund the spiralling costs of the Vietnam War. In the run up to the 1972 election, with the economy struggling under an unsustainable burden of debt and with inflation out of control, he even attempted price controls. But it was too late: the United States could no longer fulfil its obligations as global financial underwriter within the terms of 1944 Bretton Woods agreement, and Nixon let the dollar float free. Thus began a chain of events, which led inexorably, though not inevitably, to the rise of the quite different economic philosophy that directs the global economy today. As well as tying the hands of politicians in respect of ensuring essential public services are properly funded and enabling them to promote a degree of social equity, the economic changes of the last three decades have severed the link between democracy, which is still conducted at the level of nation states, and the economy, which is now a single global entity beyond the control of national governments. The significance of these changes and their impact on democracy are glossed over by politicians and rarely questioned in the media. There is great dishonesty about the reasons for the failure of the postwar economic settlement. We are encouraged to believe that the changes of the last three decades were the result of an inevitable process of natural economic evolution, rather than the intentioned policy decisions of a group of politicians and economists driven by the idea that never again should moral and social concerns be allowed to interfere with the capacity of the wealthy elite to make themselves even wealthier. What would Richard Milhous Nixon have made of it all? He was a deeply complex and flawed individual. He was responsible for untold suffering in south-east Asia and Latin America, but as the operatic recounting of his historic meeting with Mao Tse Tung makes clear, part of him believed in the possibility of a more just and equal world, and, on the evidence of his domestic record, he was prepared to upset the super rich in his struggle to bring it about. Regrettably, the same can be said of few politicians today.	<urn:uuid:85cba7dc-8887-4bfd-98d7-1b011c5484cd>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.markbraund.com/mark_braund/blog_index.html	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368703682988/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516112802-00044-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.978104	1,396	1.890625	2
Sharing our Expertise Engineering Change for Better Lives From Space to Africa Boeing Volunteer's Engineering Skills Bring Life-Giving Water to Rural Hospital Engineering Can Be a Truly Universal Endeavor The same skills that Boeing's Shah Selbe uses to maneuver satellites in space also helped him deliver clean water to a health clinic in southeast Africa. Selbe serves as co-lead for a volunteer project in the African nation of Malawi, working out of El Segundo, Calif., on water issues that have touched the lives of people halfway across the globe. "The results of our first year of partnership with The Boeing Company have been astounding," said Dr. Bernard Amadei, Founder of Engineers Without Borders-USA. "Grants from Boeing have made a direct impact on communities throughout Africa and South America and the support we've seen in our local chapters from Boeing employees is commendable. We cannot begin to imagine what incredible things EWB-USA and The Boeing Company can achieve by continuing our work together, but the possibilities are very exciting." The success of the effort, coordinated through Engineers Without Border-USA (EWB-USA), led Boeing to honor the propulsion systems engineer with the 2009 Boeing Exceptional Volunteer Service Award. Selbe joined EWB's Malawi Project team to help resolve crucial water treatment and transport issues for the Malamulo Hospital Campus. EWB-USA focuses on engineering and environmental solutions to improve the health of vulnerable populations and provide needed access to clean water, sanitation and renewable energy sources. The hospital is home to the country's leading HIV/AIDS prevention program but its water system was inadequate and inconsistent, and many of the potential sources of water are contaminated. The goal of the five-year project is to bring inexpensive clean water to the entire hospital campus — starting by identifying water sources, repairing piping and constructing a complete rainwater catchment system. "As a liquid propulsion subsystem engineer working on how communications satellites move around once they're in geosynchronous orbit, I deal with technical issues regarding liquids and pressure changes," Selbe said. "So what I did on this project, including drafting of the technical documentation, is similar to what I do at work." For the project to be a success, it also required Selbe to develop and employ some unexpected skills, ranging from training and communication to negotiation to project and resource management. "We even helped them create a multi-year plan so they can project their water needs, and how to meet them, well into the future," Selbe said. "I really enjoy what I do at Boeing — making satellites move in space is pretty cool," Selbe said. "But this EWB project was rewarding in a whole different way. We're working to make sure that the Malamulo hospital can continue its work for people living with HIV/AIDS, and also to deliver a reliable source of clean drinking water for children who go to school on the campus. How cool is that?" Selbe's volunteer work may also touch lives in other parts of the globe. He hopes that the rainwater catchment system he designed for a rural area in Malawi will soon be adapted for use in other EWB-USA projects in Tanzania and South America. Boeing is a principal partner with EWB-USA supporting projects around the world that utilize the talents of students, professors, professionals and local community members to implement simple, sustainable engineering solutions for communities that need them most. The partnership also provides opportunities for Boeing employees to engage in skills-based volunteerism, lending their professional skills (both engineering and non-engineering) and talents to improve communities worldwide. "Boeing’s strength is its people, who are among the brightest in the world and who continually challenge themselves to find pioneering solutions to complex aerospace problems. So it is a natural step to work with EWB-USA to help solve critical community problems and create a better world," said John Tracy, senior vice president of Engineering, Operations & Technology and an EWB-USA executive sponsor.	<urn:uuid:f2db270e-7247-47bd-a162-7ea48418f45e>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.boeing.com/companyoffices/aboutus/community/2009_report/ewb.html	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368706153698/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516120913-00005-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.953774	824	2.53125	3
Goats are ruminant animals. Their digestive tracts (which are similar to those of cattle, sheep and deer) consist of the mouth, oesophagus (the oesophagus is a muscular tube in the chest that connects the mouth and throat to the stomach), four stomach compartments, small intestine and large intestine. Like other ruminant animals, goats have no upper teeth. Goats depend on the dental pad in front of the hard palate, lower incisor teeth, lips and tongue to take food into their mouths. The Four Chambered Stomach Explained! Rumen: This is the largest of the four stomach compartments of ruminant animals. The capacity of the rumen of goats ranges from 3 to 6 gallons depending on the type of feed. This compartment, also known as the ‘paunch’, contains many microorganisms (bacteria and protozoa) that supply enzymes to breakdown fibre and other food that the goat eats. The conversion of the cellulose of feeds to volatile fatty acids (acetic, propionic, and butyric acids) is the result of microbiological activities in the rumen. These volatile fatty acids are absorbed through the rumen wall and provide up to 80 percent of the total energy requirements of the animal. Microbial digestion in the rumen is the basic reason why ruminant animals effectively utilize fibrous feeds and are maintained primarily on roughages. Rumen microorganisms also convert components of the feed to useful products such as the essential amino acids, the B complex vitamins, and vitamin K. Finally, the microorganisms themselves are digested further in the digestive tract. Reticulum: This compartment, also known as the ‘hardware stomach’ or ‘honeycomb’, is located just below the entrance of the oesophagus into the stomach. The reticulum is part of the rumen separated only by an overflow connection, the ‘rumino-reticular fold’. The capacity of the reticulum of goats ranges from 1 – 2 litres. Omasum: This compartment, also known as the ‘manyplies’, consists of many folds or layers of tissue that grind up feed ingesta and remove some of the water from the feed. The capacity of the omasum in goats is approximately 1 litre. Abomasum: This compartment is more often considered the ‘true stomach’ of ruminant animals. It functions similarly to human stomachs. It contains hydrochloric acid and digestive enzymes that breakdown food particles before they enter the small intestine. The capacity of the abomasum of goats is approximately 4 litres. As partially digested feed enters the small intestine, enzymes produced and secreted by the pancreas and small intestinal mucosa further breakdown feed nutrients into simple compounds that are absorbed into the bloodstream. Undigested feed and unabsorbed nutrients leaving the small intestine pass into the large intestine. The functions of the large intestine include absorption of water and further digestion of feed materials by the microorganisms present in this area. The 30 meter long intestinal canal of goats has a capacity to hold 12 litres. When a goat kid is born, the rumen is small and the abomasum is the largest of the four stomach compartments. The rumen of a goat kid represents about 30 percent of the total stomach area, while the abomasum represents about 70 percent. Hence, digestion in the goat kid is like that of a monogastric animal. In the suckling goat kid, closure of the oesophageal groove ensures that milk is channeled directly to the abomasum, instead of entering the rumen, reticulum, and omasum. When the suckling goat kid starts to eat vegetation (first or second week of life), the rumen, reticulum and omasum gradually develop in size and function. Goats are very particular about what they eat, they will not consume food of poor quality or food that is dirty or has been trampled on, unless you have have been putting them on a starvation diet. Goats require the best quality grass, green stuffs and concentrates. However goats will eat a wide range of food, preferring more fibrous food to lush grass. Goats will eat young thistles and brambles, as well as twigs, they also like bark from trees. Goats are inquisitive and will nibble and investigate most items, however, they are selective about what they actually eat.	<urn:uuid:b7ff6d43-ea73-4e8a-936f-38023350f453>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://thekebun.wordpress.com/2008/10/08/the-goat-digestive-system/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368698924319/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516100844-00049-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.941073	936	3.734375	4
An X-ray demands full transparency from its subject, which is why British photographer Nick Veasey uses X-ray imaging to reveal the inner beauty — or utter emptiness — of familiar objects. “When you take away the superficial surface that you’re used to looking at, and explore it from the inside out, you realize how beautiful things can be,” says Veasey. To accompany this week’s cover story by Steven Brill, TIME commissioned Veasey to take X-ray images of medical supplies, including acetaminophen bottles, IV bags and syringes. Using low-dose radiation from one of his three X-ray machines, Veasey turned the supplies into pellucid still lifes. “With X-rays, normally there is something within that you can’t see, but everyone knows what a Band-Aid is made of. At first I thought, how on earth can you make a bandage or gauze interesting?” says Veasey. “But I am really pleased with how they came out…They’re just simple, and very often the best things are simple.” Veasey works from a purpose-built studio on his property that serves as his X-ray bunker. To contain the radiation from his machines, the building’s walls are built seven blocks thick, each block weighing about 50 lbs. in heavy concrete. Inside, Veasey has three X-ray machines with varying degrees of radiation that he uses based on his subject’s density. His objects are laid on the lead floor or against a lead wall, with film underneath. Each image comes out the exact size of the object X-rayed, making Veasey’s other projects of massive tractors and airplanes quite challenging, and requiring the assembly of multiple exposures. Once the image is taken, Veasey processes the film, scans it into a computer and retouches it in Photoshop. “An X-ray is an honest interpretation of how things are made. It shows things for what they are, and how well they’re made or not. If it’s a piece of crap, it shows you it’s a piece of crap. If it’s beautiful, it shows you it’s beautiful,” says Veasey. “I love the fact that very often the most everyday objects take on another level of importance. We are all so busy and so frantic that we don’t take the time to appreciate the stuff that surrounds us.” By exposing what’s below the surface of his subjects, Veasey challenges the viewer to rethink society’s obsession with image, and find beauty in the mundane — even in a Band-Aid. See more of Veasey’s work here. Alexandra Sifferlin is a writer and producer for TIME Healthland.	<urn:uuid:a9e903eb-b3f9-472e-ada8-2230658b063e>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://lightbox.time.com/2013/02/20/peeking-inside-health-care-nick-veaseys-medical-x-rays/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368703298047/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516112138-00054-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.953684	612	2.296875	2
San Francisco Municipal Railway (1984-current) Built 1893 by Carter Brothers The current standard paint scheme for Powell Street cable cars honors the very first paint design, displayed on Powell cable car No. 1. It is a simplified version of the historic 1888 livery resurrected in 1973 to celebrate the centennial of the world’s first cable car line on Clay Street. Richard Panse photo. While the cable car tracks, carbarn and powerhouse were being completely rebuilt between 1982-84, Muni repaired and repainted all the cable cars, and decided to replace the green and cream Muni livery adopted in the 1940s (already gone from buses) with a simpler version of the car No. 1 livery. Today, Powell Street cable cars 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, 12, 14, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 27, and 28 wear this livery. (The details at the bottom of this page pertain to cable car No. 2. Specific histories of each cable car can be found on the cable car roster page.)	<urn:uuid:1e67c71f-a3c7-4fa1-91d3-ce6c5abfd5f4>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.streetcar.org/cablecars/2/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368701459211/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516105059-00028-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.920865	236	2.0625	2
08 Sep 2010 British companies clog inboxes with spamA study conducted by Spam Rating has found British companies are jamming up consumers' inboxes with unsolicited spam emails. To conduct its research, Spam Rating signed up for for email alerts from 10,000 businesses and tracked what was sent over a 12-month period. It was found 75 percent of the 150,000 messages received were unsolicited. Thirty percent of the unwanted messages came from third-parties. Spam Rating co-founder Andy Yates said the third-party messages "led to a deluge of malicious emails promoting scams or using phishing techniques to gather user data." The best method to ward off viruses and malware is to update internet security software, according to experts. There is nothing illegal about the messages Spam Rating received, but they could still create backlash. Companies that fail to fully report email policies can damage customers' trust, Yates said. Many British office workers already deal with enough unnecessary email that spam only adds to their annoyance. A recent study conducted by OnePoll for Salesforce.com found 70 percent of employees in Britain say they are bombarded by office messages that are of no interest to them.	<urn:uuid:cdcdaa1b-336c-4434-9ea4-7b3dbf3f20f7>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.bitdefender.com/security/british-companies-clog-inboxes-with-spam.html	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368703682988/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516112802-00007-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.971859	245	2.109375	2
Please join me for an informative walking tour of the damage done to my hometown ofScottsdale,Ariz., from Hurricane Fannie Mae, a hurricane that has caused more damage to housing across the land than hurricanes Katrina and Irene combined. Trust me: You’ll enjoy the tour. The hurricane is named after Fannie Mae because the government-sponsored enterprise had precipitated much of the damage to the nation’s housing by establishing the practice of securitizing mortgages; that is, bundling them into bonds for sale in worldwide bond markets. The practice severed the personal relationship between mortgagees and mortgagers that had existed previously and had kept borrowers and lenders from becoming greedy imbeciles. Adding to the force of Hurricane Fannie Mae were the easy money policies of the Federal Reserve, the lowering of mortgage standards by the federal government, the greed of buyers who bought homes they couldn’t afford, the greed of lenders who wrote what were essentially unsecured mortgages, and the mania brought about by the hokum spread by the government, academia, media, and the real estate and financial industries that housing never decreased in price and was a great investment for everyone. Now for the tour: A couple of blocks from my small townhouse is a ritzy, leafy neighborhood of one-acre lots and million-dollar-plus homes, some of which are zoned as horse properties. One of the lots is vacant and devoid of any evidence that a large, brick ranch house had once stood there. The perfectly good house had been torn down in the middle of the housing bubble. Soon after, construction began on a replacement house, a 13,000 sq. ft. McMansion. One day during the housing bust, after framing and plywood sheeting had been completed on the house, construction abruptly stopped. Construction workers suddenly departed, taking their equipment and locking the gate behind them on the temporary cyclone fence that surrounded the property. No doubt, the builder went broke. The half-finished house sat for two years, slowly deteriorating in the elements and becoming an eyesore in the upper-income neighborhood. A couple of months ago it was sold and razed in preparation for a smaller home to be built in its place. The lot is once again vacant and devoid of any evidence that homes had stood there. I don’t know the exact amount of money that has evaporated on this one lot, but it has to be a staggering figure, probably in the range of what it would cost to send three kids to Ivy League universities for four years. Capital that could have gone to education or been invested in new businesses is–poof!–gone with the wind, to borrow the title of Margaret Mitchell’s masterpiece. Multiply the evaporated money by a million and you’ll come close to the total cost of Hurricane Fannie Mae. Next door to the vacant lot is a sprawling ranch home, circa 1975, that is for sale and in the process of being foreclosed–or at least it shows all the signs of being foreclosed. The lawn has turned to dirt, the shrubbery is untrimmed, a broken lantern has fallen on its side, sprinkler heads are broken, a step ladder leans against a tree, and children’s toys litter the yard. But those aren’t the most telling signs of foreclosure. The most telling signs are the expensive SUVs in the driveway. They probably cost $150,000 in total when purchased new, and, as vehicles do, they’ve quickly depreciated in value and are worth about half as much now. The expensive vehicles indicate that high-fliers bought the house and quickly found themselves over their heads in debt when the housing bubble burst and the economy collapsed. In their case, their heads are probably in their butts, so it wouldn’t have taken a lot of debt to pull them underwater. More than likely, the buttheads are living rent-free at the house, because once borrowers stop making mortgage payments, it takes months or years to evict them. A couple of blocks from this house and across a major thoroughfare is the wealthiest town inArizona,ParadiseValley. About a third of the homes on a nearby street in the town had been torn down during the housing bubble to make way for McMansions. Due to the bubble bursting, construction never began on several of the lots, and construction stopped abruptly on two unfinished homes. Only now, years later, has work continued on the unfinished homes. This is a sign that the market is at, or near, the bottom. Prices have fallen nearly 50% and are now where they were in 2003, which is the year that prices had begun climbing 50%. You didn’t have to be a genius to know that if home prices had increased for no sound economic reason, they would eventually fall after the bubble burst to what they had been. Yet most experts in economics and real estate didn’t know this and still held out the false hope that prices wouldn’t drop that far. In the meantime, three nearby restaurants have closed, along with scores of high-end retail shops. Vacant space also abounds at nearby Class A office buildings, including one building where, ironically, a remaining tenant is JP Morgan, one of the culprits behind the housing crisis. Each time I walk down the Paradise Valley street, I wonder if recent home buyers have given any thought to what the air-conditioning bills are going to be for their gargantuan homes if electric rates skyrocket as expected in the coming years. Will these homes become white elephants? And do the residents stop to ponder why so much American capital goes into housing instead of manufacturing plants and other investments necessary for a vibrant economy? Well, our walk ends here. Did you enjoy it and learn anything about the American culture and economy? Mencken’s Ghost is the nom de plume of an Arizona writer who can be reached at firstname.lastname@example.org.	<urn:uuid:74fba9b4-cd0b-4896-b5e1-987344a22465>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://menckensghost.com/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368703682988/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516112802-00002-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.974705	1,248	1.804688	2
The Wall Street Journal reports that I’m not the only one downloading an obscene number of iPhone applications: In the month since Apple opened an online software clearinghouse called the App Store, users have downloaded more than 60 million programs for the iPhone, Chief Executive Steve Jobs said in an interview at Apple's headquarters. While most of those applications were free, Apple sold an average of $1 million a day in applications for a total of about $30 million in sales over the month, Mr. Jobs said. If sales stay at the current pace, Apple stands to reap at least $360 million a year in new revenue from the App Store, Mr. Jobs said. "This thing's going to crest a half a billion, soon," he added. "Who knows, maybe it will be a $1 billion marketplace at some point in time." "I've never seen anything like this in my career for software," he said. So. What does this remind me of? That Microsoft recently reported its Xbox Live Marketplace had generated $240 million since going online in 2005, $180 million of that in the past 12 months. Put in perspective, by simply opening up the iPhone, Apple has a created a market that’s dramatically bigger than something Microsoft has been nursing for over three years. Now, to be fair, I’ve also bought a ton of content (mostly XBLA games) on Xbox Live Marketplace. But I’m a gamer. The smart phone market is demonstrably bigger than the video game market and it encompasses virtually every person on earth. It’s a good business to be in. I’m also reminded of Microsoft’s claims of 18,000 software titles for Windows Mobile. This is just a guess, but the number of paid Windows Mobile apps has to be in the single digits. Who the heck is paying for Windows Mobile software? And how good is it? Regarding business models, Apple is positioning the Apps Store as it does the iTunes Store: It doesn’t really make money, but it’s a value-add for their high-volume, high-markup hardware products: Apple isn't likely to derive much in the way of direct profit from the business, Mr. Jobs acknowledged. It is keeping only 30% of the proceeds from application sales -- about enough to cover expenses from credit-card transactions and other costs of running the online store -- while the programs' creators keep 70%. Instead, Mr. Jobs is betting applications will sell more iPhones and wireless-enabled iPod touch devices, enhancing the appeal of the products in the same way music sold through Apple's iTunes has made iPods more desirable. "Phone differentiation used to be about radios and antennas and things like that," Mr. Jobs said. "We think, going forward, the phone of the future will be differentiated by software." Exactly. This type of thinking, not technology, is at the heart of the iPhone’s success, and my own interest in the product: Flaws be damned, the thing is a game changer.	<urn:uuid:b05c10c8-89a1-4ca1-b939-95452a0e745e>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://winsupersite.com/print/blog/supersite-blog-39/news2/iphone-software-sales-take-off-138245	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368698207393/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516095647-00071-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.949944	634	1.601563	2
UCCC Main & West Campus are both ACCREDITED Child Care Centres! In order to receive accreditation, high standards that enhance the quality of care must be met. Here are a few examples that show a service is offering quality care and meeting the standards: * The program has an open door policy and welcomes families to visit. * Children are cared for by adults who are trained in early childhood education. * Children can choose from a variety of open-ended play experiences that support varying skill levels and interests. * The service promotes literacy. * Rules, limits, and consequences are geared to the children's level of development and explained to children in language they understand. Accreditation improves quality by: * helping services and families to work together towards common goals * setting standards of quality care and strengthening best practices within the profession * recognizing services for providing superior programming * increasing visibility and credibility of the early childhood profession and giving child care workers / early childhood educators the tools they need to provide high quality programs and services * supporting on-going improvement through re-accreditation every three years Accreditation differs from licensing because it is a voluntary program which aims to improve quality of care. Licensing is required by law and is intended to meet all health and safety standards. Licensing sets the basic minimum standards. Accreditation sets standards of high quality and recognizes achievement and excellence. Its purpose is to achieve a high standard of practice. The Accreditation of Early Learning and Care Services (AELCS) evaluates child care centers against standards that were developed together with Alberta Children's Services / Alberta Human Services Dept and the child care sector. AELCS grants accreditation status to those agencies/ services that meet standards for high quality child care. The accreditation program helps parents identify and choose high quality child care programs for their children. Information about your child's program will be more accessible. Children learn and grow best in programs that provide quality care and activities. Accreditation recognizes quality.	<urn:uuid:e40c412a-d6e5-4668-8954-994a357f2e6c>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.ucalgary.ca/uccc/node/46	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368697380733/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516094300-00051-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.951209	407	2.265625	2
The beef check-off program stirred the emotions of many in the livestock industry. It also stirred Madisonville High School's Future Farmers of America to debate the topic as part of their yearly competition. "Madison County, being such a big farm and ranch county in the state of Texas, we knew we would be affected greatly by the decision, so that's why we chose that topic," said Lindsey Gilmore, one of the team members. "As a part of our presentation, we tried to come up with a creative way of presenting the arguments in favor of and against the beef check-off program," said Jarrod Reese. Quite the meaty issue for seven teens to tackle, but in the vein of a courtroom debate, Madisonville's FFA sliced through the competition at the district, area and state levels, carving through dozens of schools. For four of the seven now at Texas A&M, it also consumed a lot of their time. "We had just left for college, and we had to go back every Sunday," said Wes Bailey. "Every now and then, we'd go back on Saturday and Sunday. It wasn't too bad. The gas prices got really high. We had to start carpooling a lot." "Our sophomore year, we made it to state, and we got sixth," said Gilmore. "We thought that was the best we could ever do. And this year, when we got first at state, we were really excited." "Getting to nationals and then winning first place at nationals was almost like a dream state that we were looking up to," Reese said. But last week in Louisville, Kentucky, the Agricultural Issues team served up a winning presentation, bringing first place back to their small town. "They're all just really proud of us and what we've done," said Victoria Jackson. "They put it in the paper. We have a little radio station there and it's all over the radio. And if I go back there, there will be tons of people coming up to me telling me how proud they are of me." For a town their size, a win like theirs is rare, but deserved for a job well done. Christina Taylor, Randi Standley and Landon Reed are the other three members of that winning team.	<urn:uuid:eb319c21-2ea8-4ac5-97a6-3ac3ee29a23b>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.kbtx.com/home/headlines/1940267.html?site=mobile	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368705559639/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516115919-00014-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.98556	471	1.539063	2
(Photo: REUTERS / Robert Galbraith) The company logo is shown at the headquarters of Oracle Corporation in Redwood City, California February 2, 2010. Now that the initial public offering of Facebook (Nasdaq: FB), the No. 1 social networking site, has lost 32 percent of its value, technology giants including International Business Machines Corp. (NYSE: IBM), Oracle (Nasdaq: ORCL) and Google (Nasdaq: GOOG) are on a shopping spree. Since Facebook's May 17 IPO that raised $16 billion for the Menlo Park, Calif.-based company, the trio has acquired at least six companies for at least $3 billion. In another era, it's likely management of Concept Excellence, Vitrue Technology and Meebo and the others might have preferred their own IPOs. Instead, they sold their respective companies to Oracle and Google rather than take the Facebook route. - FOLLOW IBTIMES Here are three reasons why they likely chose this: Technology execution risk. These companies have created their own platforms, products and technology and won customers. Even if they aren't profitable yet, they have accomplished the "technology execution risk" that attracts a bigger buyer seeking to plug a gap, said Aftab Jain, national technology practice leader for BDO, that big accounting firm. A buyer like Salesforce.com in San Francisco is willing to pay $745 million for a marketing software developer like Buddy Media of New York because it wants to compete better. That company already enabled Virgin Mobile Live to attract new customers on Facebook, which gives a buyer a leg up over the competition. IBM acquired Tealeaf Technology of San Francisco because it had analytical software for online purchases. To be sure, Tealeaf itself was a spinoff of rival SAP AG (NYSE: SAP) of Germany, Europe's biggest software company and a rival of both IBM and Oracle! Facebook's debacle was the worst but not the first. Facebook, with a reported 901 million members, ginned up demand for its shares. Surely it's the only technology IPO that ever had an Oscar-winning movie made about it. Also, there are still many answers as to why initial trading in Facebook shares on Nasdaq was so fouled up on May 18, when the first trades came in at $42.05 and then the computerized system essentially froze for 30 minutes. But last year saw two eagerly anticipated IPOs of companies with big consumer bases that also got into hot water with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission: Groupon (Nasdaq: GRPN) and Zynga (Nasdaq: ZNGA). Both companies languished for months in registration because the SEC had questions about their accounting and strategies. Indeed, Groupon in March had to admit a "material weakness" in its 2011 financials, although last month was able to report its first profit as a public company. Shareholders of Chicago-based Groupon are surely annoyed. Their loss is already 63 percent. And Zynga shareholders? Their loss since the December IPO is only 40 percent. Rather than put up with this - as well as potential class-action lawsuits - it's easier for managements and venture capital investors to bail out when deep-pocketed buyers call. There's a buyer's market. Even companies that have warned about slowing orders in Europe like Cisco Systems (Nasdaq: CSCO), the No. 1 provider of Internet equipment, have said they have the cash and desire to buy companies that fill strategic gaps. That accounts for the recent activity. Cisco, of San Jose, Calif., reported cash and investments exceeding $49 billion in its most recent quarter. IBM, of Armonk, N.Y., reported holding about $12.3 billion. Oracle had nearly $30 billion and Google had $49.3 billion. These deep wallets may ensure a busy 2012 for mergers and acquisitions in technology, if a very slow one for IPOs. This article is copyrighted by International Business Times, the business news leader	<urn:uuid:1e288d9a-53bb-42b7-813c-31212e943953>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.ibtimes.co.uk/articles/349157/20120606/facebook-ipo-disaster-lose-ibm-google-oracle.htm	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368696383156/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516092623-00054-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.9629	844	1.695313	2
Marlowe Arnold: Picture books take a look at separation anxiety Published 4/26/2009 at 12:00 a.m. 0 comments Drool confides in the chicken and says that maybe her parents left her because they don't want her anymore. Marlowe Arnold: Two new children's books celebrate nature, Easter Published 4/12/2009 at 12:00 a.m. 0 comments Easter joy and the awakening of nature are celebrated in these two new poetic picture books. Marlow Arnold: Biographies feature dramatic illustrations Published 3/22/2009 at 12:00 a.m. 0 comments Why not have "biography breaks"? Picture-book biographies by Deborah Kogan Ray are good starting points. She chooses to write about people who have a sense of integrity. Marlowe Arnold: Kid's picture books celebrate start of spring Published 3/5/2009 at 4:08 p.m. 0 comments With spring arriving March 20, it's time to plant seeds and to hatch eggs. These concepts of renewal can be simply dramatized in picture books for children. - Newer Stories - Older Stories	<urn:uuid:16c560ec-d4e0-4a29-827f-1a20e10b0ae8>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.tcpalm.com/news/lifestyles/columnists/marlowe-arnold/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368705195219/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516115315-00035-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.927872	244	1.820313	2
Floods which hit parts of North Korea in recent weeks killed 169 people and left 400 missing, the state news agency said Saturday, sharply updating earlier casualty figures. It said the floods and torrential rain between late June and the end of July also made 212,200 people homeless and washed away or inundated 65,280 hectares (161,310 acres) of cropland. United Nations agencies have visited the worst-hit areas to assess aid needs and the World Food Programme (WFP) is sending an initial shipment of emergency food aid. The country suffered a famine in the 1990s that killed hundreds of thousands and still struggles to feed its people even in normal times. UN agencies estimated last autumn that three million people would need food aid this year even before this summer's deluge. More than 8,600 houses were destroyed and another 43,770 swamped, and more than 1,400 schools, hospitals and factories collapsed, the news agency said. Official media had previously reported 119 deaths, with 84,000 people made homeless and 45,370 hectares of farmland damaged. The WFP said its initial assistance would provide victims with an initial ration of 400 grams (14 ounces) of maize a day for 14 days, after the UN assessment mission found considerable damage to maize, soybean and rice fields. The mission has said immediate food aid is needed for residents of the worst-hit counties, such as Anju and Songchon in South Pyongan province and Chonnae in Kangwon province. It also stressed that tens of thousands of families urgently need clean drinking water to prevent disease. Wells had been contaminated by overflowing latrines, creating a high risk of a diarrhoea outbreak, while floods had damaged water sources and pumping stations. Citing government figures, the UN mission said about 50,000 families would need purification tablets or other help to secure clean water. The UN children's fund UNICEF has ordered 10 million tablets along with other materials. Drugs and IV fluids were also badly needed. The assessment mission said Thursday a hospital in Chonnae county had already seen a fourfold rise in diarrhoea cases. "In general, unless... needs are addressed, rapid increase in diarrhoea, skin infection and respiratory infections could occur," it said in a report. Outdated and inefficient agricultural practices, along with a shortage of fertiliser and diversion of food to the military, have contributed to the annual food shortages. The mountainous North is also short of arable land. But widespread deforestation, partly to clear land for crops, has made the impoverished nation increasingly prone to serious flooding which ends up washing away the harvest. In February the United States reached a deal to offer the North 240,000 tonnes of food in return for a freeze on nuclear and missile tests. But the plan was scrapped after Pyongyang's failed rocket launch in April, seen by the US and its allies as an attempted ballistic missile test.	<urn:uuid:c2cd3ae3-8ef1-4ad7-8efb-1d43e9b233e8>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.irdiplomacy.ir/en/page/1905100/N.+Korea+says+floods+killed+169%2C+left+400+missing+.html	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368696382584/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516092622-00035-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.968752	610	2.359375	2
Nowadays, when musicians and technicians are talking about reverb, Convolution Reverb is considered to have the best sound - it's more realistic. At the same time, Algorithm Reverb is viewed as more alive and dynamic, with better playability.Combining the advantages of both has remained a dream - until now. Sound Magic brings this dream into the real world. By converting the True Stereo IRs of specific spaces to Algorithms, Sound Magic is the first to accomplish this impossible mission. Opening a whole new doorway for digital reverb, we present Neo Reverb. A new way always needs revolutionary ideas. In order to have the same realistic sound as Convolution Reverb, Neo Reverb has a new model which we have named the Ba gua Model. This new model is different from the famous Schroeder/Moore Model, adding the ability to generate millions of early reflections, and then holding thousands of delay lines for at least 15 seconds. (A typical Algorithm Reverb only utilizes hundreds of early reflections, which has proven, well, satisfactory at best.) This huge difference puts a lot of pressure on your CPU and RAM. Further, in order to avoid the static sound of most convolution reverbs, you need to modulate these millions of Early Reflections in real time. That's even more of a challenge for your typical computer setup. To overcome this issue, Sound Magic uses ASM (assembly language) in its core. ASM is the native language of your CPU and it's far more efficient than common C++. By doing so, Neo Reverb keeps your CPU usage around 20%, while giving you 200 times the reverb calculations of a typical algorithm reverb. Another great obstacle to making software reverb sound as good as hardware reverb is that of efficiently using the cache. Remember that a reverb has to hold thousands of delay lines for a few seconds. This fills up the cache quickly and it's easy to run out of resources. Today's CPUs typically have only an 8MB cache fast enough (usually L2/L3 Cache of the CPU) to do this hard job, but the FPGA inside those hardware reverbs have at least 128MB - or even 256MB. Sound Magic has developed an innovative Cache Compress and Reallocate Technology that will efficiently compress the data in the cache in real time, making the 8MB cache have the efficiency of 200MB. Neo Reverb can easily hold thousands of delay lines for 15 seconds which produces a really smooth reverb tail. Another breakthrough technology that Neo Reverb uses is the Cascade True Stereo technology, which emulates the natural blending process when sound resonates in a huge hall. In a real space, such as a concert hall, the left and right channel sounds are blended together, but it is a continuous process, not a one time blend. Traditional True Stereo tends to blend them immediately but Sound Magic Cascade True Stereo technology makes this blending an ongoing process in real time, creating a beautiful spatial sound. Neo Reverb features around 40 controls allowing you to tweak the sounds. Neo Reverb gives you the realistic sound of a Convolution Reverb AND the playability and aliveness of an Algorithm Reverb. You also get over 100 converted Algorithm IRs (called REF Files) which cover different types of space, such as Hall, Room, Plate, Chamber, Concert Hall, etc. And, in order to be friendlier to its end users, Sound Magic contains a detailed help hint system inside Neo Reverb, along with a very detailed and in-depth manual. - Internal 64-bit floating point precision. - All-Purposed Reverb contains 8 Algorithms for different spaces, including, Hall, Concert Hall, Room, Plate, Chamber, Ambience, Space and etc. - Innovative Hybrid Convolution and Algorithm Reverb Engine. - Innovative Cascade True Stereo technology. - Powerful modulation system helps to achieve a dynamic sound. - Over 40 in depth controls on the Reverb. - Over 130 algorithm IRs in 6 different categories for your uses. - Innovative Dual Cores Controls let users compare different settings quicker. - Support up to 32-bit/384kHz resolution.	<urn:uuid:4fc66f71-1f5b-47ec-9294-ad009132b32d>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.kvraudio.com/product/neo-reverb-by-sound-magic	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368702810651/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516111330-00046-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.923271	875	1.898438	2
Linked by Kroc on Thu 30th Aug 2007 13:03 UTC I hear often that when something new appears that "competition is good". The primary reasons competition is seen as good, are: it drives down prices; it gives consumers more choice; it pushes technology forward, quicker. Competition is not good because: competition is why consumers have to choose between HD-DVD and BluRay; competition is why DRM exists; and more. In this article, each of the supposed benefits of competition will be looked at in more detail.	<urn:uuid:ab2bd7d0-2a61-4b7a-a503-0ff00b0a9f29>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.osnews.com/comments/18538	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368697974692/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516095254-00061-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.980657	109	1.960938	2
Homeback to the overview Janssen's medicine for Hepatitis C wins Galenus Prize17/04/2012 Beerse, April 17th 2012 -- Janssen as received its fifth Galenus Prize in recognition of the medicinal value and enormous success of INCIVO® (telaprevir), a medicinal product for the treatment of Hepatitis C. The Galenus Prize was initiated thirty years ago. It is awarded annually to the company with the most outstanding (bio)pharmaceutical innovation of the year. Throughout the world, Hepatitis C is an insidious killer disease Hepatitis C is a disease that occurs throughout the world. An estimated 170 million people have been contaminated globally, and an annual increase of 3 to 4 million infections has been recorded. INCIVO® is a Directly Acting Antiviral (DAA) protease inhibitor. The product has been registered for the treatment of the chronic Hepatitis C virus (HCV) of Genotype 1 in adults, in combination with peginterferon alfa and ribavirin. HCV is an infectious disease transmitted via blood which affects the liver. A chronic form of HCV can lead to liver cancer and other serious and life-threatening liver diseases. In addition to the standard treatment of HCV with peginterferon alfa and ribavirin, the active substance telaprevir halves the current total duration of treatment among most patients who have not been treated previously, and among patients with a recurrent form. The introduction of INCIVO® has meant that chronic HCV patients with Genotype 1 have now been given a better chance of being cured. INCIVO® (telaprevir) was approved by the European Commission on September 20th 2011. Belgian development and production The success of INCIVO® is partly due to the use of spray-dry technology as the production method. Janssen was looking for innovative, cross-sector methods in order to obtain a better solution of the active substance telaprevir. Inspired by a method from the food industry, the company managed to modify the atomization drying process into a successful production method which can be used by pharmaceutical companies. By means of a spray-dryer, a solution can be converted very efficiently into a compact powder without any valuable pharmacological properties being lost in the process. As a pioneer of this pharmaceutical procedure, Janssen considerably increases patient comfort by drastically reducing the number of tablets to be taken. The Janssen site in Geel, equipped with this spray-dry technology, guarantees production for the global market. Janssen hopes that it will be possible to use drying by means of atomization for the production of an increasing number of medicines in the future. Sonja Willems, Managing Director of Janssen Benelux, said during the award of the prize: “Our medicine INCIVO® beautifully illustrates the unique Belgian roots of our company. The global production, the global research, the preclinical development and the logistics for the international clinical studies were all led and carried out at our research campus in Beerse." Janssen Benelux forms part of Johnson & Johnson, a business which is active throughout the world, with the broadest package in healthcare products. We concentrate on resolving the most important medical needs of our time. This includes oncology (e.g. prostate cancer and multiple myeloma), immunology (e.g. psoriasis), neurosciences (e.g. schizophrenia, dementia and pain control), infectious diseases (e.g. HIV/AIDS, Hepatitis C and tuberculosis) and cardiovascular and metabolic diseases (e.g. diabetes). Driven by our commitment to patients, we develop sustainable, integrated healthcare solutions by working side by side with care providers. Person to contact Stefan Gijssels – Vice President of Communication & Public Affairs Tel. : 0473/71.04.25	<urn:uuid:b8af7305-037d-4921-bf21-0ae15215de11>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://en.janssenpharmaceutica.be/news-media/press/galenus-prize-2012	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368705953421/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516120553-00064-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.929318	821	1.5625	2
Writing in yesterday’s WSJ, education historian Diane Ravitch laments that Republicans have abandoned their earlier defense of federalism and limited government in education, embracing vast and expanding powers for Washington over the nation’s schools. In particular, she faults the No Child Left Behind act for demanding public school improvements that have not been forthcoming and for imposing “corrective” measures that will not correct the problem. Though I depart from Ravitch on most education policy matters – and not just on conclusions but also methodology – she is right in both of the above observations. Over the past decade, many Republicans have championed new federal powers in education that have no basis in the U.S. Constitution, no plausible empirical justification, and no evidence of success. NCLB demands higher achievement without creating the market freedoms and incentives that would actually allow it – asking, in other words, for the impossible. With the current resurgence of public interest in limited government, Republicans have an excellent opportunity to rekindle their commitment to the limited federal role in education laid out by the U.S. Constitution. Phasing out NCLB would be a good place to start.	<urn:uuid:b37b8fe2-22b3-42d7-8097-87aaacbed70f>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.cato.org/blog/tags/nclb?page=3	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368700264179/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516103104-00068-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.94379	237	1.992188	2
Russia seeks bigger role in U.N. arms inspections March 6, 1998 U.N. inspectors go to work Friday in Baghdad Web posted at: 9:49 a.m. EST (1449 GMT) UNITED NATIONS (CNN) -- Russia again is urging U.N. Secretary-General Kofi Annan to name a Russian to a top post in the United Nations Special Commission, or UNSCOM, which performs arms inspections in Iraq. Last November, a similar Russian proposal was dismissed by the group. Such a move would significantly increase Moscow's influence over efforts to determine whether Iraq has complied with U.N. orders to destroy long-range missiles and weapons of mass The proposal was made Wednesday in a letter to Annan from Russia's U.N. ambassador, Sergey Lavrov, who suggested that Annan appoint a Russian as UNSCOM's second deputy chairman. UNSCOM is headed by Richard Butler, an Australian. He has one deputy chairman -- American Charles Duelfer. Annan has the authority to name senior officials of the commission without seeking the approval of the Security There was no official reaction from the U.N. but an official there told CNN that discussions on the idea "are under way." One source said Annan already had decided to make the appointment, but the timing of the announcement was politically sensitive because of the possible adverse reaction from Washington. The United States has long resisted any changes in the inspection program which would undermine UNSCOM's independence and integrity. Diplomats who oppose the idea also say it will add unnecessary bureaucracy to the U.N.'s weapons monitoring system. Iraq has claimed the commission is dominated by the United States and Britain, and that they have manipulated the inspection program to extend U.N. economic sanctions imposed on Iraq after it invaded Kuwait in 1990. Correspondent Richard Roth contributed to this report.	<urn:uuid:fb7b85a6-1ba4-41fc-9e22-0043dc2ac36c>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.cnn.com/WORLD/9803/06/iraq.russia.u.n/index.html?_s=PM:WORLD	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368704132298/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516113532-00020-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.935634	418	1.71875	2
Last modified: 2008-03-29 by ivan sache Keywords: molenbeek-saint-jean \| sint-jans-molenbeek \| meulebiek \| Links: FOTW homepage \| search \| disclaimer and copyright \| write us \| mirrors Municipal flag of Molenbeek-Saint-Jean / Sint-Jans-Molenbeek - Image by Arnaud Leroy, 1 July 2006 The municipality of Molenbeek-Saint-Jean (French) / Sint-Jans-Molenbeek (Dutch) (locally knownas Molenbeek; in local dialect, Meulebiek; 81,632 inhabitants on 1 January 2007; 589 ha) is one of the 19 municipalities forming the bilingual region of Brussels-Capital. Molenbeek, known under this name since c. 985, is watered by the Molenbeek brook (in Dutch, "the mills' brook"), which gave its name to the village nearby. In the Middle Ages, the St. Gertrude source, a miraculous well said to cure epilepsy, attracted in the village up to 60,000 pilgrims per year. Molenbeek was incorporated to Brussels from the XIIIth century to 1785; in 1578, the suppression of the village church caused the decline of the parish, which lost a part of its territory transferred to Brussels, and remained rural up to the end of the XVIIIth century. In the XIXth century, Molenbeek became an industrial citownty, mostly after the opening of the Canal of Charleroi; several factories and houses were built along the canal between Brussels and Molenbeek. The place became known as "Little Manchester". In the XXth century, the industrial activity moved northwards to the Canal of Willebroek and Molenbeek declined once again. The French Community purchased the site of La Fonderie and transformed the old factories into the Museum of the Social and Industrial History. Molenbeek was once famous for the RWDM (Racing White Daring Molenbeek) football club, which won the national championship in 1975 with only two defeats. In 1977, the RWDM was defeated by Athletic Bilbao in the semifinal of the UEFA Cup, after having previously defeated Schalke 04 and Feyenoord Rotterdam. In 2002, the club went bankrupt, was relegated to the Third League and eventually suppressed. A new RWDM started in the Fourth Provincial League three years ago and will play next season in the First Provincial League, following a merging with the club of The name of the club recalls the three founding clubs: - Racing Club of Brussels, founded in 1890 in Koekelberg, winner of the national championship in 1897, 1900, 1901, 1902, 1903 and 1908 and of the first Cup of Belgium in 1912 - White Star, founded in 1909 in Ixelles, whose main player in the 1930-1940s was Arsène Vaillant, later comentator for the RTBF - Daring, founded in 1895 in Koekelberg, winner of the national championship in 1912, 1914, 1921, 1936 and 1938. On 10 February 1935, during one of the most famous matches of Belgian football, Daring defeated US Saint-Gilles, which had won 60 matches since their last defeat. Racing and White Star merged in 1963 to form Racing White, which merged with Daring to form RWDM in 1973. Ivan Sache, 15 May 2006 The municipal flag of Molenbeek, as shown in La Tribune de Bruxelles, # 170, is vertically divided blue-white and therefore exactly similar to the flag of the neighbours and football rivals of Saint-Gilles. The colours are taken from the municipal coat of arms. According to Armoiries communales en Belgique. Communes wallonnes, bruxelloises et germanophones, the arms of Molenbeek are "Azure a saint John or". The saint portrayed on the arms is the patron saint of Molenbeek, St. John the Baptist. The arms were adopted by the Municipal Council on 26 March 1838, confirmed by Royal Decree on 16 May 1839 and published in the Belgian official gazette #378 (1839). Jan Mertens, Pascal Vagnat & Ivan Sache, 15 May 2006	<urn:uuid:3bc182a3-c7ef-4506-9685-40b5abac9185>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.crwflags.com/FOTW/flags/be-bxlmo.html	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368697974692/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516095254-00041-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.933168	958	2.125	2
The U.S. Air Force approved a resumption of flight operations by the Lockheed Martin F-22 Raptor, ending a four-month standdown ordered after pilots experienced symptoms of hypoxia. The suspected source of the problem, the aircraft’s onboard oxygen generation system (Obogs), remains under study. The U.S. Air Force’s F-22 Raptor fleet remains grounded into a fourth month as the Air Force Scientific Advisory Board conducts a study of the F-22 and other aircraft using onboard oxygen generation systems (Obogs). In recent months FAA Administrator Babbitt has promoted specific tailored hypoxia training, along with high-altitude handling, for commercial and private pilots who want to fly at high altitude. Indeed, FAA Title 14 of the Code of Federal Regulations (14CFR) establishes mandatory requirements for high-altitude training using military altitude chambers at 15 U.S. More than 60 percent of business jet pilots do not use oxygen masks when required to by FAA regulations, according to a survey conducted by corporate pilot Chris Shaver for his master’s thesis at Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University. Sunday marked the 10th anniversary of the Payne Stewart accident, in which the 42-year-old professional golfer and five others aboard a chartered Learjet 35 lost their lives after the jet suffered a loss of pressurization during a flight from Orlando, Fla., to Dallas. All aboard the Learjet fell unconscious from the effects of hypoxia about 15 minutes after departing Orlando International Airport. October 25 marks the 10th anniversary of an event that shocked the worlds of aviation and golf when one of the game’s greats–Payne Stewart–lost his life after the Learjet in which he was traveling suffered a loss of pressurization during a flight from Orlando to Dallas. The National Transportation Safety Board has dispatched investigators to examine a Southwest Airlines jet after it made an emergency landing in West Virginia yesterday after a hole opened in the body of the airplane and the cabin lost pressure. Altitude chamber training is now being offered by MedAire at Arizona State University. The Tempe, Ariz.-based medical emergency response firm said the stand-alone, five- to six-hour course–available on demand–costs $995 per person and covers physiology, hypoxia, oxygen systems, altitude sickness and the physical effects of flight and decompression. For aviators and their passengers, oxygen means life at the high altitudes traversed by modern aircraft. True high-altitude passenger flight wasn’t really practicable until large-cabin pressurization was introduced during the halcyon days of aeronautical development surrounding World War II, most notably aboard the Boeing 307 Stratoliner and Lockheed Constellation transports and Boeing B-29 bomber. A proposed AD calls for inspections of the front and aft surfaces of the pressure dome on Pilatus PC-12s for cracking and other damage that would have to be repaired. The proposal is based on 19 reports of nicks and scratches on pressure domes on the turboprop single caused by drill or rivet tools. The FAA said the damage could lead to rapid decompression. The AD would apply to 280 U.S.-registered PC-12s.	<urn:uuid:c93d7f84-6f51-4dd1-af87-4a574ed3029b>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://ainonline.com/taxonomy/term/506883	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368704392896/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516113952-00061-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.931056	676	2.421875	2
\|Send News. Want a reply? Read this. More in the FAQ. News Forum - All Forums - Mobile - PDA - RSS Headlines Twitter\| A tweet by Minecraft creator Markus 'Notch' Persson relates an exchange with Microsoft about Windows 8 and the indie sandbox game: "Got an email from microsoft, wanting to help 'certify' minecraft for win 8. I told them to stop trying to ruin the pc as an open platform." He follows this expressing his distaste for the process and the new OS: "I'd rather have minecraft not run on win 8 at all than to play along. Maybe we can convince a few people not to switch to win 8 that way.." Thanks Computer and Video Games. Copyright © 1996-2013 Stephen Heaslip. All rights reserved. All trademarks are properties of their respective owners. News CGI copyright © 1999-2013 James "furn" Furness & All rights reserved. Chatbear v1.4.0/blue++: Page generated 18 May 2013, 13:59.	<urn:uuid:eada1618-c7f5-4eba-890d-fdadc9004bd6>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.bluesnews.com/cgi-bin/board.pl?action=postmessage&boardid=1&threadid=135534&id=795535&start=80	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368696382584/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516092622-00002-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.912048	221	1.507813	2
Five Islands of French Polynesia NASA GSFC Landsat/LDCM EPO Team French Polynesia is made up of six island groups located in the middle of the Pacific Ocean to the East of Australia and the West of South America. French Polynesia was officially united in 1889 with the establishment of the French Protectorate. Today it is a constituent country of the French Republic. French Polynesia is made up of approximately 130 islands and has a population of approximately 267,000 people. Shown here are five islands/atolls of French Polynesia. These islands are part of French Polynesia’s Tuamotu Archipelago—the largest chain of atolls in the world. Ferdinand Magellan discovered the archipelago in 1521. Since then, its sudden shallows have been the cause of countless shipwrecks. In this image, both sand and bare ground appear tan, small patches of vegetation on the outer rings of the atolls appear green. Deep ocean is dark blue while shallower waters inside the atolls are lighter shades of blue. The lagoon waters of Niau appear greenish; this may be due to the hypersaline water of the completely enclosed lagoon. Clouds are white. This Landsat 7 image was acquired May 14, 2000. It is a false color pan-sharpened image using ETM+ bands 3, 2, 1 and the panchromatic band. These islands fall on Landsat WRS-2 Path52 Row 71.	<urn:uuid:0cba4f5a-4255-47bd-8749-30967e56117b>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://visibleearth.nasa.gov/view.php?id=76759	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368696381249/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516092621-00061-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.929341	307	3.484375	3
- Study at Deakin - Campus life - Industry and community - About Deakin 27 April 2009 Deakin University has appointed a specialist emergency physician, Clinical Associate Professor Tim Baker, as the Director for the new Centre for Rural Emergency Medicine (CREM). A joint initiative between the State Government, Alcoa of Australia and the Deakin Medical School, CREM will contribute to the coordination and delivery of effective emergency medical management in western Victoria and provide national leadership in emergency medicine research. It will operate through the Deakin Medical School’s new Greater Green Triangle Clinical School based at Warrnambool’s South West Healthcare (SWH) and Portland District Health (PDH), and through a network of regional doctors. The Centre has received financial support from Alcoa, the Victorian Government and both health services. Associate Professor Baker said he was looking forward to working with healthcare providers in Warrnambool and western Victoria to respond to the emergency medical needs of rural and regional communities. “This is a crucial time to be involved in rural emergency medicine,” Associate Professor Baker said. “There is an emerging difference between the emergency treatment outcomes for country patients and those in the city for a number of conditions, including cardiac emergencies. "What we need to ensure is that country people have timely access to all the proven services available in the city, and have the same chance of a good outcome, no matter where they are in Victoria. “Through CREM we will explore the challenges in getting good outcomes for emergencies in rural and regional hospitals and work towards a robust and successful system here that we can export to the rest of rural Victoria and Australia." Professor Brendan Crotty, the Head of the Deakin Medical School, said he was delighted with Associate Professor Baker’s appointment. “The establishment of CREM is a result of the Medical School working with Alcoa, the State Government and the two regional health services, South West Healthcare (Warrnambool) and Portland District Health. For the south west, CREM is the first tangible benefit from the new Deakin Medical School and I think we can all look forward to significant improvements in emergency care in the region,” he said. Victorian Health Minister Daniel Andrews said the Brumby Government was pleased that the Centre was able to select someone of Associate Professor Baker’s stature and experience to south west Victoria. “Under Associate Professor Baker the Centre will play a key role in the provision of emergency medical services and undertake research and training in emergency medicine in rural settings. “It is important that our front line emergency staff in rural areas have access to contemporary education to ensure the best level of care,” Mr Andrews said. As well as heading up CREM, Associate Professor Baker will work in the emergency departments of SWH Warrnambool and PDH and will contribute to the Deakin Medical School teaching program. He hopes his broad experience will help the junior medical staff and the Deakin medical students who will train in western Victoria from next year. "I have worked in emergency medicine for 15 years. My work has taken me to hospitals in remote Central Australia, in Gippsland where I grew up and to every continent, including hospitals in Kenya and Peru,” Associate Professor Baker said. SWH Chief Executive Officer John Krygger said the establishment of CREM and the appointment of Associate Professor Tim Baker was a significant coup for the region. “We are delighted that we have been able to recruit an emergency physician with the experience and expertise of Tim Baker who has both clinical and research strengths. The appointment is also a strong tangible benefit of our relationship with Deakin University and highlights our commitment to providing best practice emergency care,” he said. Alcoa of Australia’s General Manager Victorian Operations Arnaud Soirat said Alcoa’s partnership with Deakin is a central plank in its efforts to create sustainable communities. “Strengthening our communities is a part of core business at Alcoa and has never been more important as we face such challenging times. “Strong rural health services are an essential part of a sustainable community and this partnership with Deakin is very important to help achieve this. We welcome Dr Baker and all he can bring to the role.” Deakin Media Relations 03 52272776, 0418 361 890	<urn:uuid:30808aac-4358-487f-a517-8b229a13b872>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.deakin.edu.au/news/2009/270409timbaker.php	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368700264179/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516103104-00042-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.955159	915	1.640625	2
While researching Maoist and Leninist ideology online, I found myself at your webpage and reading the delightful ideas of revolution. However, I don't share your same type of thinking in Maoism. The political party, in our century and those past, has either been the people's greatest enemy, or our greatest traitor. Liberal governments prohibit torture in their constitutions, and then fly prisoners to other countries to expose them to burns, hot iron, and other inventions of the Inquisition. [1] A shoplifter of a $2 loaf of bread serves more time in prison than a CEO responsible for stealing millions from the public. America and Europe engaging in wars that actually make the civilian populations less safe. [2] And everywhere, there is the rule of Capitalism. At one point, the land beckoned humanity, told us to come to it, to pull wealth out of it, and to make it our own -- but today, it simply says "No Trespassing. Violators will be prosecuted." This is the situation of our factories, our mines, our farms, and our entire world. No longer do men and women work these lands, because someone who owns them doesn't see enough profit in it. Instead, they starve in the street, waving a sign that says "Will Work For Food." This is the language of our modern era: right next to empty fields, there are those begging to farm and create their own sustenance. This has been the tragedy committed by all Liberal, Authoritarian, Fascist, and Monarchical governments. But when we look at the political parties that have tried to oppose this, the record is even more dismal. The Labour Party of Britain threw their laborers into the Capitalist war. [3] During World War 1, the Socialist Parties of France and Germany were supportive of their own governments. [4] It was worker-of-the-world slaughtering worker-of-the-world! In the 90's, the Hungarian Socialist Party took public assets and privatized them [5] -- once again, the reds are looking out for the cause of Capitalism. In the 1970's, Portuguese Communist and Socialist Parties worked together to rewrite the nation's constitution, which urged the state to "socialize the means of production and abolish the exploitation of man by man." [6] After a few years, though, Conservatives gained power and completely scrapped the "ideological language," -- language which existed only as an abstract, unworkable concept; it was not something that they even attempted to bring into reality. [7] And then look at Authoritarian Parties of Socialism, from the Chinese Communist Party, to the one in Cuba, or Russia, or Vietnam, or Laos. We should be very aware that these places are the worker's hell. The right to organize, to form unions and strike, is completely prohibited. And those who do, in spite of the laws, are executed, imprisoned, and given harsh sentencing. According to Marx, I have been alienated by the means of production by not being able to work it. [8] But in his governmental systems, I have become even more alienated -- I can't unionize, I can't strike, I can't speak, I can't read, or write, or think. And now I'm told that this is freedom. Whether it was Mao or Xiaoping, Lenin or Stalin, these political parties have always hunted and abused the people. Why would the Bolshevik Party, under Lenin's rule, abolish the right for Jews to use the Hebrew language? [9] Why would the Chinese Communist Party, under Mao's rule, burn books and prohibit certain styles of music? [10] It is an absolutely maddening system. In every way, the good, common people have been disarmed by a government that seeks to become their new Capitalist class. I do not look to Maoism as a solution; it is just another attempt to use "the right ideas" in enforcing government. If you are genuinely interested in the workers, the common people, and our struggle for liberty, then look to the past where we have succeeded. Workers in Barcelona, 1919, went on strike and achieved the first National Eight Hour Day. [11] Strikes in Syria overthrew French rule there in the 1930's. [12] Similar activity of unions in Algeria accomplished the same goal by the 1960's. [13] Polish trade unions went on strike and eventually achieved self-governing autonomy in 1989 from the Soviets. [14] And much earlier, in 1917, even the General Strikes of St. Petersburg convinced the military to defect to the side of the revolution [15] -- it was striking that brought down the Tzar, and Lenin's coup against the worker-managed society that brought up a new one. Massive unrest and General Strikes against governments and Capitalism in Bolivia, [16] New Guinea, [17] India, [18] Korea, [19] and every spot of the globe. This is what has brought governments crashing to the ground; this is what has bent the Capitalist at their knee. The workers' union, and the General Strike. This is the tool that has achieved our liberty in the past, and it will be the tool the achieves it in the future. There is a piece of yours I read: "We need to sum up a century of revolutionary strategies and attempts, victories and defeats instead of the conventional wisdom and facile verdicts that paralyze our movements." Well, there is a quote that fits political parties perfectly: "If you do what you've always done, you'll get what you've always gotten." (Anthony Robbins) [20] If we know what has worked, and what certainly doesn't, why would we waste any more time on Mao or similar butchers of the people? Their revolutionary party never changed anything -- it only brought about a new, Capitalist class that continued to exploit and oppress the people. Of course Mao banned unions and worker organizations -- he fears us, because he's one the greatest Capitalists of history, and we're the only thing that could've stopped him. One quote of yours was interesting: "To take this road, we need a fearless, open-eyed debate, discussion and engagement. We need fresh analyses of the rapid changes shaping the world around us." I am ready to engage in any discussion on creating liberty -- that is, real, true freedom, that allows you to work the ground and be the possessor of what you've created, that makes every person their own governor and liberator -- we need Anarchy. Please, we should discuss Anarcho-Syndicalism as a revolutionary path for creating a society managed by the workers, without the state or the capitalist. I patiently await your reply... *1. TruthOut.Org, "The CIA's Torture Flight Travel Agent," TruthOut Page.	<urn:uuid:29e10ae8-834b-4e68-8e66-2b6add801d4a>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://punkerslut.com/critiques/kasama/openletter.html	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368707435344/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516123035-00060-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.967904	1,404	1.8125	2
Six Nations Solidarity Action: “Native protesters cause highway chaos” June 11, 2009 The Hamilton Spectator [Ontario] A protest march by Six Nations natives snarled traffic along some of greater Hamilton’s busiest highways today. Several dozen natives on foot and in cars proceeded along the Red Hill Valley Parkway, Linc and Highway 403 to Brantford to protest the arming of border guards on the Akwesasne reserve in eastern Ontario. The Six Nations group of up to about a dozen on foot, followed by a small convoy of cars, walked onto the southbound Red Hill Valley Parkway shortly after 8 a.m. with half a dozen Hamilton police cruisers, a motorcycle cop and one marked OPP cruiser behind. Hamilton police, who patrol the Red Hill and the Linc, say they were informed of the protest last night and decided it was in the best interest of everyone to allow it to happen. “We took a balanced approach, working with them and the community,” said media officer Sergeant Terri-Lynn Collings. “We wanted to make sure that, if it was going to take place, that it was done safely.” Police escorted the natives up the fast lane of the parkway from Queenston Road, along the Linc, then west on 403 to Brantford, throwing traffic into chaos. At times, traffic was backed up for kilometres. Native spokesperson Jessie Anthony said women from Six Nations organized the protest yesterday after receiving a call for support from the Akwesasne reserve. “We knew this was going to be a rolling blockade march to support what’s going on in Akwesasne.” Spokesperson Dawn Smith said the Red Hill Valley falls within the Haldimand Tract. “We chose to start at Queenston because it encompassed all the major highways that run along our territory.” “It was because of the way the highways connect,” Anthony said. “It was more a decision on how many people we could reach to make them aware of the situation that’s going on in Akwesasne.” The native marchers would not say if Hamilton is now on their radar for land-dispute protests. “When we do this, we don’t pick an area and say ‘OK, we’re going to go and bother Hamilton or Brantford,’” Smith said. “It depends on the situation, what is being developed and how it is going to affect our next seven generations,” Smith said. The natives said Hamilton police expressed concerns about the march until they learned that protesters did not plan to block the highway completely. Anthony said the arming of Canadian border guards on the reserve was tantamount to an armed occupation. The natives also protested the closing of a bridge that connects the American and Canadian sides of the reserve.	<urn:uuid:b89f7f05-8f04-4397-86ad-2419583951a6>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://confrontation.wordpress.com/2009/06/16/six-nations-solidarity-action-%E2%80%9Cnative-protesters-cause-highway-chaos%E2%80%9D/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368696382584/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516092622-00075-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.957687	623	1.5	2
Three-quarters of the world's population have access to a mobile phone, a six-fold increase since 2000, a report by the World Bank said. The 1 billion global mobile phone subscriptions in 2000 have grown to more than 6 billion, of which almost 5 billion are in developing countries, a World Bank release reported. With multiple subscription ownership increasing, active mobile subscriptions are likely to soon total more than the global human population, the report said. The rapid growth of Internet-enabled smartphone ownership is changing how owners use their phones, the World Bank said, with more than 30 billion mobile apps being downloaded in 2011. "In developing countries, citizens are increasingly using mobile phones to create new livelihoods and enhance their lifestyles, while governments are using them to improve service delivery and citizen feedback mechanisms," the report titled "Information and Communications for Development 2012: Maximizing Mobile" said. The report analyzed the growth and evolution of mobile telephony and the rise of data-based services, including apps, to handheld devices. "The mobile revolution is right at the start of its growth curve: mobile devices are becoming cheaper and more powerful while networks are doubling in bandwidth roughly every 18 months and expanding into rural areas," Tim Kelly, a information policy specialist at the World Bank and one of the report's authors, said. Most Popular Stories - Consumer Spending Will Offset Sequester: Economists - Gas Prices Expected to Stay High - Hispanic Grads Pass Their Peers in College Enrollment - AT&T Seeks to Fill 120 Jobs in South Carolina - California Considers Oil Tax to Fund Schools - Yahoo to Pay $1.1 Billion for Tumblr - Dude! California Beach Parking Plan Making Waves - Boise Terror Suspect Pleads Not Guilty - Ford's Supplier Diversity Program Turns 35 - Lawsuits Against Employers Reach Record Highs	<urn:uuid:c2528505-61e5-4fe7-884f-5e5ae5a2bcaa>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.hispanicbusiness.com/2012/7/24/34_of_all_people_have_a.htm	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368699273641/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516101433-00053-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.91825	381	2.140625	2
User:Anthony Salvagno/Notebook/Research/2010/02/02/Jasper PCR Trial Try (6.1) I have changed the program to run at 55C and I used the NEB Taq buffer which has 1.5mM MgCl2 in it (or whatever I use I can't remember). This image stinks for several reasons: 1. Smeary gel (because of protein) 2. Didn't run straight. You can see this in the ladder alone. 3. Still hasn't run well. Maybe this is what happens? What does Cy3 or Cy5 do to DNA primer annealing. Maybe it somehow inhibits binding cause it is a huge protein. I just got new Taq (Platinum Taq from Invitrogen) and hopefully it is just a case of contamination and this will magically work. I believe in magic, don't you? I increased extension time for this reaction to 1 min. And I added MgCl2 because of using a different PCR buffer. I have made the concentration 1.5mM. Steve Koch 22:55, 2 February 2010 (EST): Definitely possible that labels can decrease the melting temperature, good thought. Also: is 1.5 mM sort of low? - Another idea: Can you quickly process the gel images: make them B/W, invert them (so that bands are dark on white background). THen post the original image and the processed to make it MUCH easier to see? Thanks!	<urn:uuid:10dd706d-070d-43b0-8bdf-1dc58d826a70>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://openwetware.org/wiki/User:Anthony_Salvagno/Notebook/Research/2010/02/02/Jasper_PCR_Trial_Try_(6.1)	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368706499548/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516121459-00050-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.921506	314	1.601563	2
Primary Sources: Statement of Arrest Statement of Arrest by Marcus Garvey I believe that true justice is to be found in the conscience of the people, and when one is deprived of it by the machinations and designs of the corrupt, there can be no better tribunal of appeal than that of public opinion, which gives voice to conscience and that is why I now appeal to the conscience of the American people for justice. I believe that all races have their peculiar characteristics, the Jew fights the Jew, the Irish fights the Irish, the Italian fights the Italian, and so we have the Negro fighting the Negro. As a Negro schooled in the academy of adversity, with the majority of my race, I have ever had a whole-souled desire to work for the race's uplift. Recently out of slavery, we have had but a meagre chance to rise to the higher heights of human development as a people. At Emancipation we were flung upon the civilized world without a program. Unlike the Irish and the Jew we had not national aspiration of our own. We were left to the tender mercies of philanthropies and humanitarians who helped us to the best of their ability. In the Negro's struggle to get somewhere every member of the race took a selfish course all his own. There was no group program or group interest. The only cause that held us together as a people was RELIGION. During the days of slavery Religion was the only consolation of the Negro, and then it was given to him by his masters. Immediately after the Emancipation, when the Negro was thrown back upon his own resources, the illiterate race preacher took charge of us, and with the eye of selfishness he exploited the zeal of the religious. Our emotions were worked upon by our illiterate preacher-leaders of the early days. The masses of us having found new employment for which we received pay, were able to contribute to the partial upkeep of our own church life, thus making it profitable for the preachers of our race to exploit us in the name of God, without giving us a program by which we could redeem ourselves. After the illiterate preacher-leader, came the illiterate race-politician who also had no program for the higher temporal development of the race. He, like the preacher, and had his selfish plans of using and feeding upon the emotions of the people. These two illiterate parasites, who extracted all that was worth while from the people traveled hand in hand until we reached the first mile stone of higher intelligence, then the illiterate preacher and politician had to give way to a more intelligent class, who, unfortunately, with only a few exceptions, scattered here and there, followed and are still following in the footsteps of the old preachers and politicians to plunder and exploit the masses, because they had no vision. And now I come to source of my troubles, in fighting the battles of the masses. I come to the people in the role of the reformer and say to the, "Awake! the day is upon you , go forth in the name of the race and build yourselves a nation, redeem your country Africa, the land from whence you came and prove yourselves men worthy of the recognition of others." This is the offence I have committed against the selfish Negro preachers and politicians who have for more than half a century waxed fat at the expense of the people. The shout goes up, "We cannot allow Garvey to preach his reformation and expose us to the people. The people will become too wise. We will lose our standing among them and they will not support us. We must "get" Garvey. We must discredit him before the people. We cannot do it ourselves, because we have no power. We will frame him up; we will lay traps for him; we will state all manner of charges against him to various departments of government so that the government will prosecute him for us." Such have been the ravings, machinations and designs of a certain class of Negro politicians and preachers against me because of my reform work of three and a half years among my people that has over four million followers. Jews, Irish and Reformers of all races have had their troubles and trials with their own people, so I am satisfied to bear the persecution of my own that they might be free. I trust no one from the people would believe that I could be so mean as to defraud a fellow Negro, either directly or indirectly. I have an ideal that is far above money, and that is to see my people really free. Others of my race oppose me because they fear my influences among the people, and they judge me from their own corrupt, selfish consciences. There is an old adage that says, "A thief does not like to see another man carrying a bag," and thus the dishonest ones of our preachers and politicians believing that I am of their stamp, try to embarrass me by framing me up with the law. I have had to dismiss from the employ of the Association, and caused the arrest of many dishonest preachers and politicians, and now their fraternities are out for revenge. Poor misguided mortals! How can they, when the conscience and soul of a man cannot be incriminated from without? The Negro Ministry needs purging and with the help of God and the people, we shall in a short while, show to the world a new race by the purification of those who lead. I desire to say that I have a great amount of confidence in several of the preachers and politicians of my race today, but the great majority need purging, because among them we have gamblers, thieves, rogues, vagabonds and these are the ones who are fighting me at this time. Excerpt from Amy Jacques-Garvey, ed. Philosophy & Opinions of Marcus Garvey. New York: Athenaeum, 1969.	<urn:uuid:d53e2d8e-323f-4fe6-97db-05103fa4b9bd>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/garvey/filmmore/ps_arrest.html	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368705559639/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516115919-00016-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.982055	1,219	2.28125	2
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE: September 30, 1997 CONTACT: Paige Darden COMMERCE DEPARTMENT GRANTS BRING ADVANCED TELECOMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGIES TO UNDERSERVED AREAS "The winners of these grants are the pioneers of the Information Age -- they are discovering creative ways to use the Information Superhighway to create educational opportunities for learners of all ages, boost local economies, transform government services, provide greater access to medical care, and fight crime." Vice President Al Gore Washington, DC -- Vice President Al Gore and Commerce Secretary William Daley today announced the awarding of $20.9 million in federal matching grants to help bring the benefits of the Information Age to all Americans, particularly those living in rural and underserved inner city areas. Fifty-five public institutions in 38 states and the District of Columbia have been selected to receive the grants. The grant program, the Telecommunications and Information Infrastructure Assistance Program (TIIAP), provides seed funding to non-profit organizations and state and local government entities for innovative projects that demonstrate the benefits of telecommunications and information technology and helps extend their reach to underserved communities. This year's funds will be matched by $25 million in non-Federal funds resulting in a total investment of $45.9 million in our nation's information infrastructure. TIIAP is administered by the National Telecommunications and Information Administration (NTIA). "The grants we are announcing today will provide online worker training and job opportunity information in economically depressed areas, help detect child abuse and prevent child fatalities, and develop a telemedicine system for emergency medical services for accident victims in rural areas, " said Vice President Gore. "They are all examples of how the Information Superhighway can make a difference in our lives." "We started this unique, extremely competitive program in 1994 as part of our vision to have an advanced National Information Infrastructure that reaches all Americans," said Commerce Secretary Daley. "TIIAP is helping us realize that vision by serving as a catalyst. It is bringing together the public and private sectors to figure out how to realize the potential that the Internet and other new telecommunications technologies Projects for funding were selected, in part, for their ability to serve as models that can be replicated across the country. "We are setting up small laboratories all over the country; we are learning how technology can help to overcome geographic and financial barriers, improve public safety, and enhance organizations' abilities to serve their communities," said Larry Irving, Assistant Secretary for Communications and Information and administrator of NTIA. "This year, alone, there were more than 900 applicants requesting over $350 million in funding. The response to the program proves that there is a tremendous need at the state and local level to figure out how advancements in telecommunications technologies can be used to improve people's daily lives and strengthen their communities, particularly those that are in the greatest danger of being left behind in the Information Age, said Irving. "The TIIAP award recipients are leading the way for communities all across the country," added Irving. The grants were awarded in five categories; some examples from this year's awards include: Education, Culture and Lifelong Learning: a Jackson, Mississippi project will put technology into the children's wing of a hospital to allow children who are chronically ill to communicate with their teachers, classmates, friends, and family; Public and Community Services: a Philadelphia, Pennsylvania grant will link 125 family-centered, non-profits and government agencies to help people transition from welfare to work, and access job training opportunities; Health: a Knoxville, Tennessee grant will use technology to provide initial care for trauma patients by putting technology to work in ambulances, rural emergency departments, and a Level I Trauma Center; the grant is expected to particularly help save the lives of people involved in rural highway accidents; Public Safety: a Chicago, Illinois grant hopes to reduce the number of crimes committed by youths by linking the juvenile court system with social service agencies to help ensure that the youths get the service that is ordered by the court; and Community-Wide Networking: a Spokane, Washington grant will enhance a local community network to spur economic development by creating on-line career centers with innovations such as virtual job shadowing. The TIIAP program has awarded grants annually since 1994. With the addition of this year's grants, TIIAP has awarded a total of 332 grants in all 50 states, the District of Columbia, and the U.S. Virgin Islands. These awards amount to over $100 million and have been matched by more than $150 million in non-Federal funds. Information about TIIAP, including descriptions of the grants the program has awarded and information about how to apply for 1998 funds, is available on the NTIA Home Page at http://www.ntia.doc.gov. The Commerce Department's NTIA, in addition to administering the TIIAP grant program, serves as the principal adviser to the President, Vice President, and Secretary of Commerce on domestic and international communications and information issues. On October 28, 1997, NTIA will hold a one-day conference, Networks for People: TIIAP at Work, at the Department of Commerce in Washington, DC to share lessons that have been learned by past award recipients. The 1997 TIIAP award recipients and several grant recipients from past years will be in attendance. The conference is free and is open to the public. It will provide an opportunity to learn how organizations are using telecommunications technologies to improve the lives of people in their communities. For more information or to RSVP to attend the conference, please call TIIAP at 202-482-2048. Information and on-line registration for the conference is available at http://www.ntia.doc.gov. NOTE TO REPORTERS: To arrange an interview with Assistant Secretary of Commerce Larry Irving, please call Paige Darden, NTIA Office of Public Affairs, at 202-482-7002. The NTIA Office of Public Affairs will also, upon request, fax a listing of the 1997 grants or a fact sheet on a particular grant (contains name and phone number for grant contact person) and any other background information needed. This material is also available on NTIA's home page at http://www.ntia.doc.gov.	<urn:uuid:4b580873-5b35-4d3c-8f59-89d067fefe5f>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.ntia.doc.gov/legacy/ntiahome/press/97TIIAP.htm	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368698924319/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516100844-00057-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.928275	1,326	2.140625	2
In an earlier era, Americans had fewer television options and it was easier for one person to develop into a national broadcast news icon. For much of the 1960s, 1970s and early 1980s, Walter Cronkite was such a person. With his avuncular and amiable style, Cronkite proved to be a reassuring presence on CBS News during a tumultuous period both at home and abroad. He was nicknamed Uncle Walter and polls showed him to be the most trusted man in America. Cronkite, who left the anchor chair in 1981 and died in 2009, hadn't been the subject of a full-scale biography until Rice University history professor Douglas Brinkley began working on one several years ago. It was worth the wait. Brinkley's Cronkite is a thorough examination of its subject's life and times. It is a respectful, though not fawning, work that will be of great interest to scholarly and general readers who want to learn more about a seminal period of political and media history. Brinkley (who is not related to Cronkite rival and former ABC and NBC anchor David Brinkley) sees his subject as a "defiant monument of what happened when a great news broadcaster had the sound, centrist judgment of the nation at heart. Cronkite wasn't like ordinary TV narcissists and braggarts. He didn't broadcast what the folks wanted. Cronkite instead wanted what the people wanted to be considered serious news." Cronkite began his career as a newspaper and wire reporter. However, as the public relied more on broadcast news, he shifted to radio and eventually television. Though originally eclipsed by others, including CBS legend Edward R. Murrow, Cronkite prevailed because his calm persona resonated with the public. In addition, he came across as a persistent, though not obnoxious, interviewer. That style made him especially effective during moments of tragedy and triumph, such as the JFK assassination and the various space launches. Some of the best parts of Cronkite are descriptions of the behind-the-scenes in-fighting at CBS. Cronkite's battles royale with Murrow and Dan Rather were legendary within the industry, and while Brinkley tells the stories from Cronkite's perspective, it's not all one-sided. And although there are plenty of quotes from Murrow and Rather and their allies, the reader comes away thinking that both of them (especially Rather) were petty and insecure. Brinkley is more critical of Cronkite on an issue that fixates modern press criticism: the politics and detectable biases of the man. Uncle Walter usually played it down the middle, but he let his opinions come through on some subjects, such as the space program and civil rights, both of which he supported, and he displayed little, if any skepticism, about the Vietnam War until 1968. All three of these stances put him squarely on the side of the Democratic administrations of John F. Kennedy and Lyndon Baines Johnson. "Although Cronkite later cringed at the allegation, he was in fact behaving in 1964 like a rubber-stamp sycophant for LBJ -- and it should be added, as a reliable spokesman for NASA, with top-secret clearance credentials, and as an ardent foe of the Soviet Union since being based in Moscow under Stalin for the United Press, with a myopic cold war worldview," Brinkley writes. After he left the anchor position (he was largely put out to pasture by CBS), Cronkite became more outspoken. He opined often in support of liberal causes, including the decriminalization of marijuana and opposing the U.S. invasion of Iraq. Some of his utterances tarnished his image as a reliable centrist, but because of the reservoir of goodwill he had developed and his advancing age, Cronkite was given a great deal of leeway. Brinkley, whose previous books have dealt with subjects ranging from civil rights icon Rosa Parks to President Theodore Roosevelt's environmental policies, has seemingly read everything written by and about Cronkite. In addition, he conducted extensive interviews with many of his subject's friends and foes. The result is that readers have to sift through a vast array of information. While much of the book is fascinating and engaging, Brinkley occasionally gets too bogged down in minutiae and some of the stories are a bit repetitive. On balance, however, in Brinkley, Cronkite has a biographer worthy of his stature. One unforeseen hazard of this book is that while readers are immersed in it, many will be frustrated by the excessive verbal food fights that are the hallmarks of contemporary broadcast journalism. They may find themselves longing for a return to the calming civility of Uncle Walter's era.	<urn:uuid:ff3e08cd-c22f-4f01-a190-44f3843f355b>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.realclearbooks.com/articles/2012/06/08/seeing_uncle_walter_every_night_16.html	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368703682988/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516112802-00024-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.977047	978	2.1875	2
There has been a great deal of interest in the recent exhibition and book “Norman Rockwell: Behind the Camera,” which explores Rockwell’s use of reference photography. NPR radio story here. Author and curator Ron Schick points out that “his first extensive use of photography came with a 1935 commission to illustrate a new edition of Tom Sawyer.” But until now the earliest known surviving photographic evidence doesn’t go back much before 1939, when Rockwell moved to Arlington, Vermont, Mr. Schick told me in a phone conversation. The bulk of the earlier documentary records and photos were presumably lost in the 1943 Arlington studio fire. A newspaper article has just surfaced which reveals what appears to be the earliest known reference photo commissioned by Rockwell. The painting (an alternate version from the one published in the Tom Sawyer edition) shows Huck Finn presenting the dead cat to Tom Sawyer. The photograph was taken by Richard Wyrley Birch, a photographer who has not yet been mentioned in any of the books on Rockwell’s process. In the 1974 article, Mr. Birch recounts working for Rockwell as photographer, model, and model scout. According to Birch, when Rockwell was living in New Rochelle he was “having trouble finding a photographer.” Learning that Birch could handle a camera, the artist commissioned him to help on the Tom Sawyer project. Mr. Birch claims that “almost all his art work from the beginning has been done from photographs.” When Birch delivered the reference shots, made with the benefit of reflectors and lit like a movie shot, “Rockwell flipped. He’d had no pictures like this before. The detail was beautiful. I was his man from then on.” Mr. Birch worked with Rockwell for about six years photographing “everything from beautiful young girls and children to aging and wrinkled men and women and from chickens and horses to cats and dogs,” until Rockwell moved to Vermont in 1939. Although Rockwell agonized over his decision to use reference photography, he made no secret of it, at least not after 1940. And as I mentioned in an earlier post, he made extensive changes from the photo reference. But this new evidence pushes back the earliest surviving photo by almost five years, confirming the 1935 date. It also implies that Rockwell may have been using photos at least a few years before that time. If anyone can put me in touch with Alison Wyrley Birch or Mr. Birch’s descendants, please send me an email (jgurneyart (at) yahoo.com). “Richard Wyrley Birch of Kent Once Was The Photographer Behind the Artist’s Brush” by Alison Wyrley Birch. Sunday Republican of Waterbury, CT. November 17, 1974	<urn:uuid:f5c4b960-6f43-4474-a1ee-68cb1a4f5d88>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://gurneyjourney.blogspot.jp/2009/12/rockwells-earliest-reference-photo.html?showComment=1260198501992	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368708142388/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516124222-00055-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.960539	582	2.484375	2
We're generally looking for donated hardware and support services that could be used to provide the infrastructure that supports Tor's operations, including website mirrors, database servers, build systems and legacy hardware for supporting packages on older Operating Systems; such as OS X 10.2, OS X 10.3, Windows XP, Windows 7, IRIX, Redhat, CentOS, Fedora, Debian, etc. A number of service providers have an abundance of bandwidth capacity, but need hardware in order to donate it to us. By donating hardware, you're joining our many sponsors in providing online privacy and anonymity. If you want Tor to work on your architecture or hardware, a fine way to do this is to donate the hardware and operating system to us. Contact us at email@example.com for more details. The Tor Project is organized and operated exclusively for scientific, charitable and educational purposes within the meaning of section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code, including (a) to develop, improve and distribute free, publicly available tools and programs that promote free speech, free expression, civic engagement and privacy rights online; (b) to conduct scientific research regarding, and to promote the use of and knowledge about, such tools, programs and related issues around the world; (c) to educate the general public around the world about privacy rights and anonymity issues connected to Internet use; and (d) to carry out and conduct such other activities related to the stated mission.	<urn:uuid:2c17e848-0706-42f9-9699-fef2a46b224f>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://tor.taiga-san.net/donate/donate-hardware.html.en	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368709037764/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516125717-00043-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.923334	297	1.773438	2
Homestead survival shtf Homestead survival shtf A Victory Garden is not a new phenomenon. These Gardens first became popular in WWII. They were simple gardens with vegetables fruit and herbs. The Victory garden was generally a private residential garden but some also sprang up ion public parks. They were mostly to ease the pressure on the public food supply during the time of war. These Victory garden are becoming increasingly popular with the Preppers and Survival groups. One big difference in Victory Garden now is that the main reason behind them is not to ease the pressure of the food supply but to ensure your own food supply. With everything going on now it’s easy to see what might be just up the road. So how do you plan for your family’s needs when it comes to food? You plan on not relying on grocery stores or FEMA handouts! I’m not talking about going out and investing in acres of land to plant but a simple Victory Garden. Your Victory Garden can be a large or small depending on your needs. There are a lot of people Urban Gardening now which is great! A Victory Garden can provide fresh food when you can’t go and buy it. It can become a great asset if you look to barter for items. Having the skills and the seeds on hand to have a Victory Garden is like having Home insurance, you hope to never need it but if the need arises you sure are glad you had it. Now if you are looking just to store seeds the most important thing to do like I mentioned in my Survival Seeds post is to make sure you have heirloom seeds. GMO plants and seeds are not reusable! There are several great methods to use in your Victory Garden. The no-till Garden Method This method means you don’t take hours of prepping the soil and tilling it. Most green leafy vegetation can be grown in very little dirt. Get creative with this method! You can use containers. Victory Garden in containers are great, think about if you need to bug out you can simply gather up your plants that are in container and load them into the car and take your Victory Garden with you! Now the first thing when setting up your Victory garden is to think about how much you want or need to grow. Now you can choose to grow just enough for your family or you can grow more and possibly have food you can trade and barter with. Now you need to evaluate your location. This means decide if you have enough room to make your garden worth the effort. Make sure the land you choose gets enough sun and take into consideration of whether you need to build a fence to keep critters out. The next step for your Victory Garden is prepping the area you choose. This means clearing any rocks or plants from the area. This step if done right will save you a lot of headache later. Make sure to get all the weeds while you have the area cleared! The next step is to amend your soil. I can almost guarantee that your soil needs a boost. This can be as easy as getting some organic soil and mixing it in or gather grass clipping or compost material and layer it into the soil. Now that the ground is ready to plant in you need to choose your seeds. This is a very important part. Make sure to choose heirloom seeds as you will be able to let a few of the plant go to seed and collect them to replant. Check out my post on Survival Seeds for more information on seeds. Now you need to take into consideration of what you want to plant. Each plant has different needs and different seasons. You will need to read up on your specific location and seasons and pick the best plants to grow. Remember with Heirloom Seeds in your Victory Garden you will be able to grow a much larger variety and not have to buy seeds next year to replant. Now just plant your seeds, follow the directions on the seed packs and ta da you have a Victory Garden. Just employ he basic gardening techniques you would use for a traditional garden and use Heirloom seeds for your Survival Victory garden! Growing herbs is a very simple thing to do. They are very easy to grown and they take up virtually no space compared to vegetables and other nutritious things. Growing Herbs will keep you supplied with great herbs to flavor your food and also most herbs have a medicinal value as well. If you have checked out the price of dried herbs lately at the store you will know they are not cheap. If you plan on growing herbs yourself you will be able to dried the herbs and save a ton. From my experience growing hers most of them grow like a weed. They are very sturdy and hard to kill, which is good if you forget them for a day or two. Not only will growing herbs save you money but they will provide you will a great way to flavor your survival food and make eating rice and beans much more bearable. Here are a list of the most essential herbs to grow and their uses. That being said whenever you are planning to use plants as medicine you must research exactly how to administer the herbs which can be a number of ways, tinctures or oils, but each herb is different. You will need to know the does and use caution. Growing herbs can be a very rewarding experience. You will find that growing herbs will provide you will a huge amount of ways to have fun with what you have grown. Growing herbs can also be a great way to “stock up” on medicine if you need to for survival. Growing herbs will help you create a pharmacy in your backyard in case the shtf as well as a rewarding way to flavor your food! Homesteading is as easy as making soap. Making soap is one of the basic essentials to begin self-sufficient and starting to Homestead. Think about this scenario. Grocery stores are closed, infrastructure as we know it is gone. There is no way to “buy” soap or cleaning products. How long before you start stinking worse than the compost pile? Not long without a shower and you start building up some grimy bacteria on yourself and your clothes. So what the solution to this cleanliness and sanitary situation? Making soap, your own homestead soap! I know a lot of people are discouraged from making soap and Homestead soap because of the lye and the fact that its work to make something that you can just go to Walgreens and pick up for a few bucks. Trust me this is a skill that could really come in handy in the future while you Homesteading. Also check out some great Homesteading ideas in the LDS Preparedness Manual. Making soap is a very easy process. There are three ways to make soap. For Homesteading the cold process is most common with artisan soap makers and is one the easiest methods but it does take weeks for the soap to be ready. Whereas the semi boiled process is almost instant soap making. As for Lye. It is quite easy to make your own lye water. First you need to burn some hard wood for making soap. Save the ashes. This is what most families did when making soap, they would save the ashes from the fires and when soap time came around they would bring the ashes out and use them. So once you have the ashes you need to soak them in distilled water and collect the run off. There are a few different creative ideas for this procedure if you look on YouTube and such you will find some great inventive ideas for homesteading soap making. In the olden days of Homesteading making soap the easiest way to tell if the lye water was concentrated enough was with an egg. You would put an egg in the water and if it sank down then you would need to run the water through the ashes again but if it floated you were ready to make soap with you lye water. CAUTION: Lye is extremely caustic it will burn eyes and skin so be very careful when making or handling lye! So now what do you do after you have the lye? Well at this point you would add your actual liquefied fats. The lye water is carefully added to the liquidized fat. You will need to stir this mixture continuously until little until it thickens up and you start to see droplets “trace” the top of the mixture. This is when most people add their colorings and pretty smells to the soap. This is the really fun part, you can get really creative here and add oatmeal to your soap for a bit of abrasive cleaning power or add other tropical scents like mango or romantic smells like rose soap. After adding what extras you want you then pour the soap mixture into soap molds. You need to let the molds sit and after a week or more when it dries out you have soap your very own handmade Homestead soap! This being said I have not been able to find any tried and true soap recipes using this homemade lye water. This is probably due to the fact that it’s really hard to determine the actual concentration of the lye in the water. Most recipes I have found for making soap call for store bought lye crystals which is also great for Homestead Soap making! Here are some videos that show you what other people are doing and how they make their soap. Also check out my other post on how to save money by making your own Laundry Detergent! Enjoy these great Homesteading Making Soap Videos! This is a great “modern” was of making soap! Heres a great idea for making your own Homestead lye! Here is the traditional way for making lye for Homestead soap!	<urn:uuid:2632c7e1-3726-4aba-9e48-011946a571f6>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.shtfsurvival.com/category/homestead/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368704392896/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516113952-00065-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.96454	2,019	1.890625	2
Maybe your child snores a lot. Maybe your child gets a lot of ear infections or has a lot of sore throats. Maybe your child needs to have his tonsils removed. If so, chances are your child also needs the adenoids removed. Let's talk about adenoid removal, or adenoidectomy. So, why do the adenoids need to be removed? The adenoids are glands, located between the airway your child breathes into through their nose, and the back of your child's throat. Like your child's tonsils, the adenoids can often become swollen. When this happens, your child's airway can become blocked, and he may have trouble breathing through his nose. Your child may even stop breathing at times during sleep. Typically, your child's doctor will use a special mirror to see if the adenoids are swollen. Your child may also need an X-ray. Often a child's swollen adenoids have been a problem for a while. The doctor may have tried to treat the chronic swelling with prescription medications, and if they are still causing problems, perhaps now it's time to remove them. So, let's go over what happens during an adenoidectomy. Your child will be given general anesthesia. He'll be unconscious and unable to feel pain. The surgeon will prop your child's mouth open with a small instrument, then remove the adenoid glands, and probably remove the tonsils as well. Your child will probably go home the same day as surgery. Complete recovery takes about one to two weeks. There might be some bleeding in your child's throat or mouth, so you'll want to encourage him to spit the blood out instead of swallowing it. Have him gently gargle often with baking soda mixed with water. Soft foods and cool drinks will make his throat feel better too. Adenoidectomy is one of the most common reasons children have surgery. But surgery doesn't have to be all bad. Your child can look forward to a steady diet of pudding, ice cream, and other soft and fun foods, until he feels better. And hopefully your child can look forward to fewer sore throats, ear infections, and more normal breathing, in the future.	<urn:uuid:3f81e032-dab8-46eb-9581-545b7145f83e>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.advocatehealth.com/eureka/body_noFAD.cfm?id=19&action=detail&AEArticleID=000064&AEProductID=Adam2004_117&AEProjectTypeIDURL=APT_57	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368700958435/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516104238-00001-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.970186	460	2.953125	3
"No advance in wealth, no softening of manners, no reform or revolution has ever brought human equality a millimeter nearer." What I want to know, is why sexism consists exlusively under the purview of women. When they grandly proclaim that to be a women is hard and to be a man is easy, where is the consideration that they demand for themselves? Men are to treat them as equals, I hear you say. Then I ask, what would be considered equality under these conditions? Are men to treat women how they treat other women, as they treat men, as men treat women, as men treat men, or as something brand new, something that goes beyond the sexes, biology, nature and frankly, sense? Ironically, it's the only possibility as we are all, so different and so alike. It's a series of self-aware paradoxes that the majority of people tweeting seems to become utterly oblivious of in their rampaging serial-contrarian complaints. Not only is a state of non-sexism impossible for it is in our genetic code to view the other gender differently, but if such a state is desired, a non-state, so to speak, where all is equal and all is considered and forgotten at once in the brashest form of double-think, then how can we ever achieve it if we go to such lenghts, as seen in these posts, to seperate the two genders as to make one the scape-goat for the state of the other? We all look at sexism with a frown on our face, for whatever reason we individually feel that it somehow incriminates or incapacitates us, but show me a society, a world, where women and men were treated the very same and I'll show you a world without sentient thought. Sexism seems to be defined as differential behaviour of the two sexes when one takes umbrage and catergorically decides to interpret it as an inherent fault of the other gender. Sexist in itself, the paradoxes are endless. The thing is that you'd have to be sexless in order not to be sexist for it's all so very subjective, and we are all different due to so many different factors, one of them being sex. So then it's sexist to reform your way of thinking in order to better encompass the other gender and how you treat them for that invites the implication that you think you have to treat them in a softer, more pandering manner for they cannot handle what you have to hand out, thus a sexist notion. It's sexist to ignore them and act in a brusque, stereotypical fashion without consideration of the difference in gender, for to ignore the need of the other, to see them as equally able to take and receive as you might implies that the sensibilities of others are beyond your capacity of understanding and that you so will not go to greater lengths in order to understand what might offend or please the other gender, thus a sexist notion. And it is uniformly sexist to claim that the other gender is beholden, and yes even responsible, for your useless complaints, a sexist notion. We are different, but we've managed to survive together, for very obvious reasons, for quite some time now. What these women and men seem to fail to understand is that both sides need to give ground, and that said ground will only be given unwillingly, and that finally if achieved, it will accomplish nothing for it's in how we differentiate that the spark of interest, attraction and thus, life itself lies.	<urn:uuid:a7b994e7-04eb-4a17-a5e3-60996e3cfd1f>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.giantbomb.com/profile/do_the_manta_ray/forums/?page=5	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368696381249/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516092621-00025-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.973924	721	1.554688	2
On Feb. 14, President Obama will release his fiscal budget. It’ll be big. But even that alternate universe tells only part of the story of Washington’s reach in the economy today. In fact, it’s precisely half the story. An eye-opening report by Nicole and Mark Crain for the Small Business Administration finds that regulations cost some $1.75 trillion annually. For perspective, that’s half the level of 2010 spending of $3.5 trillion. For more perspective, the federal budget itself didn’t hit regulation’s current height until 1999. Over 3,000 federal regulations pour out of 60-plus departments, agencies, and commissions annually, many of which impact small businesses disproportionately. Numerous hundreds of regulations yet to come from the new financial reform and ObamaCare legislation herald new suffering for small businesses and threaten job creation. Regulations are the off-budget, hidden costs of government. The federal budget leaves them alone. But at long last they’re getting some new scrutiny. Rep. Darrell Issa’s (R-CA) Committee on Oversight and Government Reform is holding a hearing called “Regulatory Impediments to Job Creation” in the wake of his recent public request to businesses, trade groups and think tanks for identifying “ regulations that have negatively impacted job growth.” The congressman made made those submissions available online and they make for 1,947 pages and 104 megabytes of reading. It’s natural that spending receive primary emphasis; but the game has changed and it’s increasingly apparent that spending and regulation both, not just spending, require fundamental overhaul that tightly harnesses the congressional and agency overreach into our private and commercial lives. Real reform will require an unprecedented relinquishing of power by agencies and legislators that I still think neither appreciates. Indeed, the tendency to overspend and run up deficits will increase the pressure to regulate instead. That’s why administrative tinkering, like cost-benefit analysis “requirements” that leave assessment of benefits up to the very agencies imposing the costs and benefiting from mission creep, can’t solve today’s crisis of excessive government. In addition to cutting taxes and reducing the paperwork that paralyzes business and job creation, it’s imperative as a starting point to inventory all the legislation and regulations that impact a small business as it grows, and systematically set about rolling it all back. Obama’s recent executive order on regulations described getting rid of outdated or “just plain dumb” rules, but represents no real war on red tape. We need one, though; hiring more workers and gaining more customers should not incur penalties in the form of onerous new laws and rules. The means to restore congressional accountability over unelected agency bureaucrats, if Congress really wants to do it, exists in the form of the Regulations from the Executive In Need of Scrutiny (REINS) Act, recently re-introduced by Rep. Geoff Davis (R-KY) in the House, and by Sen. Rand Paul (R-KY) just this week in the Senate. Requiring a congressional vote on all agencies’ major rules (those expected to cost over $100 million) and controversial future business regulations–before they become binding–is one of the keys to rational governance. Delegation of lawmaking power to unelected agencies is officially out of control; Examples include EPA’s endangerment finding, unauthorized imposition of “net neutrality” by the FCC, energy efficiency rules, new regulations arising from the recent massive health care and financial legislation, and more. Regulations should not accumulate endlessly in this manner. New major ones should be approved by Congress, and all of them should sunset or expire unless renewed by Congress. Legislation to that effect should be a priority for the new Congress, given the U.S. economy at this point in history. Congress shouldn’t stop there; going further, to achieve real regulatory reform, hearings like the one Rep. Issa is holding this week can also explore and enact the following steps among others: Put simply, Congress can comprehensively and systematically wall off further government interference with the small businesses and enterprises that are America’s engines of job and wealth creation. And it should do it. Markers like the REINS Act and the Issa effort provide the opportunity. Global competitors are likely to liberalize if we don’t. It can’t be said enough; the approach needed is an extensive campaign to “Liberate to Stimulate.” Congress need not tell the grass to grow, it just needs to take the rock off the top of it.	<urn:uuid:e08af08c-4fcc-4512-9c64-cdaee6cea4a1>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.forbes.com/sites/waynecrews/2011/02/08/regulation-destabilization-time-for-reform-washington/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368699273641/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516101433-00071-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.939959	966	1.945313	2
ADMINISTRATION OF THE GOVERNMENT (Chapters 1 through 182) EXECUTIVE AND ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICERS OF THE COMMONWEALTH Section 10. As used in this chapter, the following words shall, unless the context requires otherwise, have the following meanings:— “Community college” shall mean any of the following institutions of higher education: Berkshire Community College, Bristol Community College, Bunker Hill Community College, Cape Cod Community College, Greenfield Community College, Holyoke Community College, Massachusetts Bay Community College, Massasoit Community College, Middlesex Community College, Mount Wachusett Community College, Northern Essex Community College, North Shore Community College, Quinsigamond Community College, Roxbury Community College, and Springfield Technical Community College, and any other community college established after November first, nineteen hundred and eighty-nine; or, if any such community college shall be abolished, any institution succeeding to the principal functions thereof. “Community college affiliate” any organization or association, in any form, the activities of which are a part of the activities of such community college and are subject to regulation by the trustees of such community college or any research foundation, teaching hospital and associated clinics or other research or educational organization the operation of which in conjunction with such community college is approved by the trustees of such community college as furthering the purposes of the community college. “HEFA” shall mean the Health and Educational Facilities Authority, established by section four of chapter six hundred and fourteen of the acts of nineteen hundred and sixty-eight, or, if said Health and Educational Facilities Authority shall be abolished, the board, body, or commission succeeding to the principal functions thereof or to which the powers given by said chapter six hundred and fourteen shall be given into law. “Project” in the case of a participating institution for higher education, a structure or structures suitable for use as a dormitory or other multi-unit housing facility for students, faculty, officers or employees, a dining hall, student union, administration building, academic building, library, laboratory, research facility, classroom, athletic facility, health care facility, maintenance, storage or utility facility and other structures or facilities related to any of the foregoing or required or useful for the instruction of students or the conducting of research or the operation of an institution for higher education, including parking and other facilities or structures essential or convenient for the orderly conduct of such institution for higher education, and shall also include landscaping, site preparation, furniture, equipment and machinery and other similar items necessary or convenient for the operation of a particular facility or structure in the manner for which its use is intended and shall further include any furnishings, equipment, machinery and other similar items necessary or convenient for the operation of an institution of higher education, whether or not such items are related to a particular facility or structure financed by HEFA, but shall not include such items as books, fuel, supplies or other items the cost of which are customarily deemed to result in a current operating charge, and shall not include any facility used or to be used for sectarian instruction or as a place of religious worship nor any facility which is used or to be used primarily in connection with any part of the program of a school or department of divinity for any religious denomination. Project may include any combination of one or more of the foregoing undertaken jointly by one or more participating institutions with each other or with other parties.	<urn:uuid:7e15e861-5b31-4cc2-96c1-be904be42ef9>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://malegislature.gov/Laws/GeneralLaws/PartI/TitleII/Chapter15A/Section10/Print	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368699273641/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516101433-00028-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.931987	702	1.75	2
Calcifying fibrous pseudotumor is a rare benign soft-tissue lesion composed of fibrous tissue with abundant hyalinized collagen and dystrophic and often psammomatous calcifications. The cause of the disease is unclear but, usually, complete resection of the well-circumscribed tumor is sufficient to avoid recurrence of the disease. Here, we report an unusual case of this rare tumor that presented as two lobulated lesions in the calf muscle. The patient was a 17-year-old Japanese girl who noted a hard mass in her left calf. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed two well-demarcated lobular masses in the soleus muscle, and the tumor was significantly enhanced by contrast medium. Preoperative differential diagnoses included soft-part tumors composed of fibrous tissue. However, making a definite diagnosis was impossible because a lobulated shape is rare for fibrous tumors. Biopsy demonstrated that the mass was a benign tumor composed of collagen-rich, hyalinized fibrosclerotic tissue. We performed marginal resection of the two nodules, including the fibrous tissue that connected them. Immunohistochemistry was positive for factor XIIIa and negative for anaplastic lymphoma kinase-1. These findings were helpful to distinguish calcifying fibrous pseudotumor from inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor. There was no sign of recurrence at 30 months after surgery. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of bilobular calcifying fibrous pseudotumor that developed in an extremity. As described in the previous literature, simple excision was sufficient for the treatment of calcifying fibrous pseudotumor with two lobules.	<urn:uuid:7d6bbb94-123d-4f10-a397-ae71dd0f2eed>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://pubmedcentralcanada.ca/pmcc/articles/PMC3201930/?lang=en-ca	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368709037764/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516125717-00001-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.953273	351	1.875	2
Co-founder of the non-profit, Community Water Solutions, Katy Clopek, will introduce you to their Fellows program that works to bring safe drinking water to rural villages in Ghana, West Africa. The program is organized around two Winter Term and Summer sessions. The Community Water Solutions Fellowship Program is a three‐week water education and leadership training experience in the northern region of Ghana. The purpose of the fellowship is to teach individuals about the global water crisis and inspire them to become leaders in the field of international development. Visit their blog: http://communitywatersolutions.wordpress.com/ to read about other Middlebury students who participated during this past January term (2011). You must be logged in to post a comment.	<urn:uuid:c75eb49a-2f7e-4804-8d25-906012cf6a65>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://sites.middlebury.edu/eiablog/2011/02/02/information-session-fellowship-opportunity-in-ghana/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368710006682/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516131326-00052-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.953785	149	1.976563	2
(c) Pocumtuck Valley Memorial Association, Deerfield MA. All rights reserved. Contact us for information about using this image. This picture in the Greenfield Daily Recorder-Gazette portrays the popular view that the New Deal brought about a dramatic expansion of the role of the federal government. Before the depression most programs were administered at the state and local level. Although the New Deal did not completely change this, its national programs influenced the lives of many more Americans. This was particularly true of the work relief programs. The graphic in the Recorder shows a number of these work programs. In the left hand corner is the Blue Eagle, symbol of the NRA. The mural style, a panorama with a number of scenes blending into one another, is typical of the mural style of the era. Many public buildings displayed such murals, often painted by artists who themselves were employed by New Deal work relief programs.	<urn:uuid:5d2e53e6-61b4-4a45-95a7-1abad4553748>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.americancenturies.mass.edu/collection/itempage.jsp?itemid=19208	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368705953421/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516120553-00045-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.947543	187	3.203125	3
A popular specialty in the field of orthopedics is sports medicine. Although injuries during sports are inevitable, the American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons and the American Orthopedic Society for Sports Medicine have stressed the importance of preventing sports injuries to prolong the career of athletes. The first recommendation in preventing injury is warming up before performing any exercise or sports, as cold muscles are more vulnerable to injury. Training for proper physical fitness techniques including stretching is crucial to prevent injury. As stress can lead to tense muscles, which are more prone to injury, mental fitness through meditation and yoga techniques are helpful. Overexertion is a common cause of sports injury, therefore knowing one’s constraints and heeding the body’s signals of fatigue and tiredness are important. Sportsperson’s should make full use of any available protective gear (i.e. helmets, pads, guards) to prevent injury. Increasing the intensity, time, or type of activity too quickly can often lead to injury. The ten percent rule is a guideline recommending that you should not increase his/her activity by more then ten percent per week. The intensity and length of workout should be increased gradually to avoid injury.	<urn:uuid:9c07f86e-bbb6-4fca-acb6-71a9184acf1d>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.marketresearch.com/Life-Sciences-c1594/Pharmaceuticals-c89/Orthopedics-c562/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368708766848/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516125246-00075-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.947529	244	3.5	4
Thanks to the Global Warming of another Goreaster, the Nemo Blizzard Blankets New England with more than two feet of snow… From 24.9″ of snow and wind gusts of 76 mph at Logan Airport in Boston to 31.9″ of snow in Portland, Maine. For Music Monday, The Global Warming Song by Ray Stevens For your reading and laughing pleasure, you may also like these related posts… - Climate Change Starts With Al Gore - Al Gore’s Proof of Global Warming - Geek Compliant Wedding Rings - Kermit’s Green ANALyzation - The Good Vibrations of Frito Slay Snacks - Software and Hardware experts (1) According to the Weather Channel, Winter Storm Nemo was named after Greek mythology, not the Pixar-Disney movie “Finding Nemo.” In Homer’s Odyssey, Odysseus blinds Cyclops and Odysseus asks him who does he blame for the attack. Cyclops replies, Nemo which means “Nobody” in Latin. On Feb 8th, 2013, Massachusetts Governor Deval Patrick declared a state of emergency at 12:00 p.m. and banned vehicles from all public roads after 4:00 p.m. The last time the State stood still with a driving ban was during the Blizzard of 78, February 6th and 7th, 1978. (2) In accordance with Title 17 U.S.C. Section 107, the Photo of Robert Burck, aka the “Naked Cowboy,” was modified for the Fair Use of comical commentary. We believe this constitutes a ‘fair use’ of any such copyrighted material as provided for in section 107 of the US Copyright Law.	<urn:uuid:70438a10-aaa2-4e42-bf0b-20f5426e49af>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://moneypennydd.wordpress.com/tag/global-warming/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368701459211/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516105059-00075-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.922361	368	1.65625	2
A sudden and complete failure; an utter failure of any kind; a breakdown. Extreme depression or sudden failing of all the vital powers, as the result of disease, injury, or nervous disturbance. A sudden, dramatic drop in economic activity, market prices, or a company's condition. see also panic, downturn, crash, recession, depression. a sudden large decline of business or the prices of stocks (especially one that causes additional failures) collapse due to fatigue, an illness, or a sudden attack loss of strength, state of depression The state after a civilization has crashed Collapse is a sudden and often unannounced loss of postural tone (going weak), often but not necessarily accompanied by loss of consciousness.	<urn:uuid:68a1b35c-0cab-41fe-954b-4f4e50d92a95>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.metaglossary.com/meanings/307076/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368704132298/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516113532-00006-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.92696	150	2.34375	2
Bernanke's Pet Peeve: The Gold Standard Tea Party Economist by Gary North: Lost Faith: Young and Old Reject the Two Political Parties Bernanke journeyed across town to give a 4-part seminar to 30 undergraduates at George Washington University. This was clearly a public relations stunt. Why would the head of the world's most powerful central bank lecture to 30 undergraduates? This was not quite the equivalent of George W. Bush reading "My Pet Goat" to third graders, but it was close. Think of it as "My Pet Peeve." His first speech was an overview of central banking. He used PowerPoint to create slides. The presentation had 49 slides. lecture listener, had he known of this in advance, would have headed toward the exit. Here is the man whose verbal skills produce narcolepsy in normal people who have slept at least 10 hours. To this he added 49 slides. This violated Guy Kawasaki's 10-20-30 rule: 10 slides, 20 minutes, 30-point font. The slides are here. In his speech, he introduced some of the classic arguments of the fiat money advocates. Warren Buffett has invoked it: dug out of the ground in Africa, or someplace. "Then we melt it down, dig another hole, bury it again and pay people to stand around guarding it. It has no utility. Anyone watching from Mars would be scratching their head. This was Buffett's reply to his father's policy of defending the gold standard in Congress in the late 1940s. His father had far greater understanding of the gold standard than he does. of all those itching Martian heads apparently bothers Bernanke, too. So, he repeated the argument. unfortunately, gold standards are far from perfect monetary systems. One small problem which is not on the slides but I'll just mention is that there's an awful big waste of resources. I mean, what you have to do to have a gold standard is you have to go to South Africa or some place and dig up tons of gold and move it to New York and put it in the basement of the Federal Reserve Bank in New York, and, that's a lot of effort and work and it's a, you know, it's a Milton Friedman used to emphasize that that was a very serious cost of a gold standard that all this gold was being dug up and then put back into another hole. So there is some cost to having a gold standard. There is "some cost" to having a gold standard. This means that we must pay for services rendered. Will wonders never cease! There are costs in this life! I'm telling you, this fellow Bernanke is on the cutting edge of economic science. It's a shame that he did not have a slide for this, even though that would have meant 50 slides. Back in 1969, dealt with this argument. Bernanke was 15 at the time. He must have missed it. I begin with his first statement: "Now, unfortunately, gold standards are far from perfect monetary systems." So, let me assure you, is central live in an imperfect universe. We are not perfect creatures, possessing omniscience, omnipotence, and perfect moral natures. We therefore find ourselves in a world in which some people will choose actions which will benefit them in the short run, but which may harm others in the long run. The gold miner, by diluting the purchasing power of the monetary unit, achieves short-run benefits. Those on fixed incomes are faced with a restricted supply of goods available for purchase at the older, less inflated, price levels. This is a fact Professor Mises has defended gold as the great foundation of our liberties precisely because it is so difficult to mine. It is not a perfect mechanism, but its effects are far less deleterious than the power of a monopolistic state or licensed banking system to create money by fiat. The effects of gold are far more predictable, because they are more regular; geology acts as a greater barrier to inflation than can any man-made institutional arrangement. The booms will be smaller, the busts will be less devastating, and the redistribution involved in all inflation (or deflation, for that matter) can be more easily planned for. niggardly; that is a blessing for us in the area of monetary policy, assuming we limit ourselves to a monetary system tied to specie metals. We would not need gold if, and only if, we could be guaranteed that the government or banks would not tamper with the supply of money in order to gain their own short-run benefits. So long as that temptation exists, gold (or silver, or platinum) will alone serve as a protection against policies of mass inflation. . . . will be recalled, is useful only for exchange, and this is especially true of paper money (gold, at least, can be made into wedding rings, earrings, nose rings, and so forth). If there is no reason to mistrust the American government, the paper bills will probably be used by professional importers and exporters to facilitate the exchange of goods. The paper will circulate, and no one bothers with the gold. It just sits around in the vaults, gathering dust. So long as the governments of the world refuse to print more paper bills than they have gold to redeem them, their gold stays put. It would be wrong to say that gold has no economic function, however. It does, and the fact that we must forfeit storage space and payment for security systems testifies to that valuable function. It keeps governments from tampering with their domestic monetary systems. I used paper money as my example. Of course, digital money is what we have today. Still, a major function of gold in the vault is that it tells us if the monetary authorities are cheating. Once the gold standard is renounced, we know the monetary authorities are cheating. forthright about this. He defended cheating. there are some other more serious financial and economic concerns that practical experience showed were part of a gold standard. One of them was the effect of a gold standard on the money supply. Since the gold standard determines the money supply, there's not much scope for the central bank to use monetary policy just to stabilize As the Head Cheater in Charge, the Prince of Greenness himself, he proclaimed the wisdom of legalized counterfeiting. Why? Because the gold standard produces high interest rates. And in particular, under a gold standard, typically the money supply goes up and interest rates go down in periods of strong economic activity. So that's the reverse of what a central bank would normally do today. The money supply goes up under a gold standard? When did that happen, and for how long? When did this happen when it was not followed by a run on the nation's gold supply? That is what the gold standard does. It gives holders of fiat money the power to force the central bank or treasury to cease inflating. The run on gold forces the monetary authorities to stop inflating. Then he offered this reason for not establishing a gold standard. are other concerns also with the gold standard. Now, one of the things that a gold standard does is it creates a system of fixed exchange rates between the currencies of countries that are on the gold standard. So for example, in 1900, the value of a dollar was about 20 dollars per ounce of gold. At the same time, the British set their gold standard in saying, roughly, roughly 4 pounds, 4 British pounds per ounce of gold. So 20 dollars equals 1 ounce of gold, 4 pounds equals 1 ounce of gold, so 20 dollars equals 4 pounds. So what that's saying is basically that a pound is 5 dollars. So essentially, if both countries are on the gold standard, the ratio of prices between the two exchange rates is fixed. There's no variability as we see today when the Euro can go up and the Euro can go down. Now, again, some people would argue that's beneficial, but there is at least one problem which is that if there are shocks or changes in the money supply in one country and perhaps even a bad set of policies, other countries that are tied to the currency of that country will also experience some of the effects of that. that a bad policy in one nation forces the other nation to mimic the bad policy. This is Bernanke's version of Gresham's Law: bad policies drive out good policies. How is it that a bad policy on a free market is so successful in spreading to other free markets? The traditional defense of free markets is that good policies prevail. Wise monetary policies triumph. But Bernanke does not believe this. Under a gold standard, such benign results turn malign. How, he did not say. What is wrong with his argument? This. A bad economic policy in one nation produces inflows or outflows of gold. If a nation inflates, holders of its currency demand payment in gold. The gold flows out of the central bank or treasury. Soon, the authorities must change the policy. might be a policy of monetary deflation. The nation's goods become cheaper. Residents in other nations turn in gold at the fixed rate and buy the deflationary nation's currency. Why? To buy the nation's cheaper goods. This raises the monetary base (gold) and reverses the monetary deflation. cause and effect. The fixed currency exchange rate system is not fixed by law under a gold standard. The currency exchange rates fluctuate in terms of domestic monetary policies and the currency speculators' expectations. What is fixed is the price of gold as denominated in each domestic currency. rates can and does fluctuate. But if one nation's policies deviate from another nation's policies, gold flows in or flows out. Good policies drive out bad policies, as is true under a free market. This is because Bernanke has this backwards. He is a Keynesian. He has economic cause and effect backwards across the board, not just in monetary theory. exchange rate system was not a factor in the era of the international gold standard, 1815-1914. There were no exchange rate agreements. Fixed exchange rates set by governments began in 1922 at the Genoa Conference, where governments agreed to the phony gold standard known as the gold exchange standard. Here, fixed currency exchange rates by government agreement were substituted for gold coin redemption on demand, which had prevailed prior to World War I. rates among currencies have never existed. What existed from 1815 to 1914 was a system of fixed exchange rates between a national currency and the price of gold in that currency. The moderately fluctuating currency rates were an effect of the legally fixed exchange rate between gold and each national currency. not understand the difference between legally fixed exchange rates among currencies and fixed exchange rates between a specific currency and gold, That is to say, he does not understand the 19th-century inconceivable. But Keynesians do not understand prices and markets, so I suppose it should not be surprising that Bernanke does not understand the traditional gold standard that he adamantly rejects. TO THE PEOPLE NOT! do not like their judgments called into question by the rabble "rabble" being defined as people who hold a nation's currency. These people may decide that central bankers are following policies that put their money at risk. So, they demand gold. This is an outrage. It must be stopped. another issue with the gold standard has to do with speculative attack. Now normally, a central bank with a gold standard only keeps a fraction of the gold necessary to back the entire money supply. Indeed, the Bank of England was famous for keeping, as Keynes called it, a thin film of gold. The British Central Bank only kept a small amount of gold, and they relied on their credibility to stand by the gold standard under all circumstances to so that nobody ever challenged them about that issue. But if for whatever reason, if markets lose confidence in your willingness and your commitment to maintaining that gold standard relationship, you can get a speculative attack. This is what happened in 1931 to the British. In 1931, for a lot of good reasons, speculators lost confidence that the British pound would stand gold, so just like a run on the bank, they all brought their pounds to the Bank of England and said, "Give me gold." And it didn't take very long before the Bank of England was out of gold cause they didn't have all the gold they needed to support the money supply and then, there was essentially they've essentially had to leave the gold standard, so there was a lot of financial volatility created by this attack on the gold standard. He did not mention that George Soros did this to the British pound and Malaysia's currency, and this was long after the gold standard was scrapped. Currency speculators "pays their money and takes their chances." They can break government monetary policies when central bankers tell really big lies. They can make fortunes, Soros has. So, the complaint against the gold standard in this regard is a smoke screen. he conceded to gold's defenders what they have always said. finally, just one last word on the gold standard, one of the strengths that people cite for the gold standard is that it creates a stable value for the currency. It creates a stable inflation, and that's true over very long periods. But over shorter periods, maybe up to 5 or 10 years, you can actually have a lot of inflation, rising prices, or deflation, falling prices, in a gold standard. And the reason is that in a gold standard, the amount of money in the economy varies according to things like gold strikes. So for example, if United States, if gold was discovered in California and the amount of gold in the economy goes up, that will cause an inflation, whereas if the economy is growing faster and there's a shortage of gold, that will cause a deflation. So over shorter periods of time, you frequently had both inflations and deflations. Over very long periods of time, decades, prices were quite stable. The only case he offered was California, 1848-52. This has not happened since fact, a gold standard, when accompanied by rising output, produces falling prices: "More goods chasing a fixed quantity of money." That is what happened in late 19th-century America. has a pet peeve. It has to do with power specifically, his. He does not like it when common people have the power to tell him and his Ph.D.-holding peers that they don't know what they are doing. The common man can veto Bernanke and his peers by cashing in dollars for gold. He resents this. supply should be supplied by the free market, under the laws of contract. The government should not be in the money business. End the FED. North [send him mail] is the author of Mises on Money. Visit http://www.garynorth.com. He is also the author of a free 20-volume series, An Economic Commentary on the Bible. 2012 Gary North Best of Gary North	<urn:uuid:8f6836f5-be8a-468f-a6a5-0f20171b8c8a>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://lewrockwell.com/north/north1134.html	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368707435344/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516123035-00045-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.951246	3,350	1.585938	2
When it comes to sharing links through Twitter, what makes them click? Dan Zarella from HubSpot set out to answer that question, analyzing over 200,000 link-containing tweets, and measuring several characteristics that appear to influence click through. Dan’s findings are presented infographically (WordPress tells me this is not a word, but I don’t care), which we will here break down tip-by-tip, along with some real-world examples. 1. Write tweets between 120 and 130 characters long If you’re anything like me, your problem is trying to fit your message into a measly 140 characters. It’s reassuring that longer tweets don’t underperform shorter ones. But why would longer tweets get higher click through? It could be that longer tweets have more context around the link. We’re not into random clicking for the fun of it. Short tweets can be vague, for example: Does that mean never tweet short? No way. If you can evoke curiosity with a few words, do it.	<urn:uuid:56e07aef-208a-4b28-9e2f-ddee7b9ef0fd>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://gabrielcatalano.com/category/getelastic-com/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368702810651/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516111330-00073-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.92751	222	1.765625	2
Geography and population Azerbaijan (40°30' North, 47°30' East), located on the southeastern slopes of the Caucasus mountains, has a total area of 86,600 km2. It is bordered in the east by the Caspian Sea, in the south by Iran, in the southwest by Turkey, in the west by Armenia, in the northwest by Georgia and in the north by the Russian Federation. The Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic of Azerbaijan in the southwest is separated from the rest of the country by Armenia. About 43% of the area of Azerbaijan is situated above 1,000 meters above sea level. Five main physiographic regions can be distinguished: - The Greater Caucasus mountain range in the north, extending from the Black Sea in the west to the Caspian Sea in the east over the northern part of Georgia and Azerbaijan and the southern part of the Russian Federation; - The Lesser Caucasus mountain range, south of the Greater Caucasus mountain range, covering the south of Georgia and Azerbaijan and the north of Armenia; - The lowlands around the Kura and Araks rivers; - The Talish mountains with the adjoining Lankaran lowland in the southeast along the border with Iran; - The Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic in the southwest. The cultivable area is estimated at about 4.32 million hectares (ha), which is 50% of the total area of the country. Almost all the land is shared between the sovkhoz (state farms) and the kolkhoz (collective farms). In 1993, the cultivated area was 1.80 million ha, or 42% of the cultivable area, of which 1.54 million ha were annual crops and 0.26 million ha permanent crops. The total population is 7.6 million (1996), of which 44% is rural. The average population density is 88 inhabitants/km2. In 1996, agriculture employed 30% of the economically active population. Women make up about 36% of the rural labor force. The rural female labor force accounts for 48.5% of the total female labor force. The share of agriculture in gross domestic product (GDP) dropped from 39% in 1990 to 31% in 1995, due to the prevailing situation in the rural areas. Climate and water resources The climate in Azerbaijan is continental. Arid weather with average summer temperatures above 22°C is observed in the lowlands. In the mountain regions, temperatures can be below 0°C in winter and in Nakhchivan severe frost may occur. Humid tropical weather is observed in the coastal zone near the Caspian Sea, mainly in the Lankaran lowlands in the southeast. The average precipitation is estimated at 541 mm/year. River basins and surface water resources Four major river basins can be distinguished, two of which are international: - The basin of the Kura and Araks rivers. It is by far the largest basin in the country. The Kura River rises in the Kars upland in northeast Turkey. It then flows into Georgia and crosses the border to Azerbaijan in the northwest. The total length of the Kura River system is 1,515 kilometer (km), of which 900 km is located within Azerbaijan. The total annual inflow from Georgia is estimated at 11.910 km3. The Araks River also rises in the northeast of Turkey. After forming the border between Turkey and Armenia, Turkey and Azerbaijan, Iran and Azerbaijan, Iran and Armenia, and Iran and Azerbaijan again, it flows into Azerbaijan in the east of the country. About 100 km downstream of the border it flows into the Kura River, which continues to flow southeast towards the Caspian Sea. The total annual inflow of the main Araks River is estimated at 6.724 km3. The total annual inflow of the tributaries of the Kura and Araks rivers coming from Armenia is estimated at 2.346 km3. The total inflow into Azerbaijan is thus estimated at 20.980 km3/year (does not include the areas located in the occupied zone and the zone declared neutral in May 1994). - The Samur River basin. It is located in the northeast of the country. The Samur River rises in the Russian Federation and then forms the border between the Russian Federation and Azerbaijan with an annual discharge estimated at 2.36 km3, half of which is considered to be available for Azerbaijan. Before flowing into the Caspian Sea, the river divides into several branches. - The coastal river basins in the northeast between the Samur and Kura river basins. - The coastal river basins in the Lankaran region in the southeast, south of the Kura River basin. The internally generated surface water resources are estimated at 5.955 km3/year. The total renewable surface water resources (RSWR), including incoming and bordering flows, are estimated at 28.115 km3/year. For the Kura and Araks rivers, which are shared between Turkey, Georgia, Armenia, Iran and Azerbaijan, discussions are underway on water sharing between the countries. The internal renewable groundwater resources are estimated at 6.51 km3/year, of which 4.35 km3/year are common to surface water. The groundwater resources are famed for their quality as mineral drinking water and are also used for medical purposes. The Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic is especially rich in mineral groundwater. The total number of artesian wells is estimated at about 7,000 with a total discharge of about 2.1 million m3/year. Lakes and dams The total reservoir capacity of large dams (larger than 100 million m3 each) is estimated at 21.35 km3. The four largest reservoirs are the Minghachevir and Shamkir on the Kura River, the Nakhchivan on the Araks River, and the Sarsangh on the Terter River. The total capacity of smaller reservoirs for irrigation purposes is estimated at 100 million m3. Water withdrawal and wastewater In 1995, the total water withdrawal for agricultural, domestic and industrial purposes was 16.53 km3, of which over 70% was used for agricultural uses and almost 25% for industrial purposes (Figure 1). On the Apsheron peninsula, where the capital Baku is located, the share of industrial water withdrawal is 70%. In 1975, the total water withdrawal was 12.14 km3, of which 77% was used for for agricultural uses and 19% for industrial purposes (Figure 2). The annual production of wastewater is about 571 million m3. Most wastewater is produced by industries like the cotton cleaning, cotton oil production, fish-curing and grape processing industries. It is estimated that 18% of the produced wastewater is treated, which is about 103 million m3/year or 280,000 m3/day. Irrigation and drainage development Based on soil and water resources, the irrigation potential is estimated at 1.72 million ha. In the last century, irrigation was concentrated alongside the rivers. At the beginning of this century, the construction of large irrigation canals started. In 1913, 582,000 ha were irrigated. The most intensive development took place after the Second World War. In 1975, the area equipped for irrigation was 1.17 million ha. In 1995, it was 1.45 million ha, which is 84% of the irrigation potential (Figure 3). The total length of all irrigation canals is 65,900 km, of which only 2,400 km, or 3.6%, are concrete canals (Figure 4). Irrigation efficiency at national level is estimated at 55%. The largest canals are the Upper Garabakh, the Upper Shirvan and the Samur-Apsheron canals, all earthen. The Upper Gabarakh canal runs southeast from the Mingachevir reservoir to the Araks River. Its length is about 174 km and its capacity 113.5 m3/s. About 85,000 ha are irrigated from this canal. The Upper Shirvan canal also starts from the Mingachevir reservoir and runs east to the Akhsu River. Its length is about 126 km and its capacity 78 m3/s. About 91,100 ha are irrigated from this canal. Almost 90% of the irrigation is surface irrigation, mainly furrow and borderstrip irrigation (Figure 5). Sprinkler irrigation and micro-irrigation are mainly used on perennial plantations and vineyards. Surface water is used on 93% of the area, mainly from reservoirs and through direct pumping in rivers and canals (Figure 6). About 96,700 ha are irrigated by groundwater through more than 5,000 wells. The power irrigated area is estimated at 511,000 ha. Over 80% of the schemes are larger than 20,000 ha (Figure 7). Most schemes are state-owned. Farmer-owned irrigation started to appear in 1992 and represented 1% of the area in 1996. Information on areas of irrigated crops refers only to part of the total area equipped for irrigation, as no information is available for the part of the country that is located in the disputed zone occupied by Armenia and in the zone declared neutral since May 1986. The main irrigated crops are wheat, cotton and barley, with average yields of 1.64, 1.30 and 1.68 t/ha respectively (Figure 9). Salinity and drainage development Out of the 1.45 million ha equipped for irrigation, 615,000 ha are subject to various degrees of salinity: 60 000 ha are salinized to a high degree, 124,000 ha to a medium degree, and 431,000 ha to a slight degree. The total length of the drainage network is 31,000 km, covering almost 600,000 ha in 1995, all in the areas equipped for irrigation (Figure 10). It is estimated that 350,000 ha of drained land need major rehabilitation. The main institutions involved in water resources management, all state institutions, are: - The Committee of Land Improvement and Water Economy, in charge of land improvement activities and the operation and maintenance (O&M) of the infrastructure; - `Azervodstroy', in charge of the construction of infrastructure; - `Azselkhozvodosnabzheniye', in charge of agricultural water supply; - `Azkomunpromvod' and the Committee of Domestic-Municipal Services, in charge of domestic water supply and the O&M of the sewage system; - The Committee of Ecology and Nature Use, in charge of the monitoring of salinization and water resources pollution. In July 1996, a land reform law was adopted by the National Assembly (Milli Majlis). This law establishes private property rights to land. The land is to be transferred to all rural inhabitants free of charge. It can then be sold freely, exchanged, transferred by right of succession, leased or used as mortgage. A land improvement and irrigation law has also been adopted. This law establishes the legal basis of activities on land improvement and irrigation under the new landownership conditions and provides for the transition to paid water use. Trends in water resources management The rehabilitation of irrigation and drainage systems to ensure the sustainability of the irrigation subsector is a priority for the near future. Major policy changes in landownership and irrigation management are expected to play an important role in improving irrigation performance. Erosion control is seen as another major issue. According to the data of the Ecological Committee, almost 43% of the country is subject to erosion. Effective measures to combat water erosion are the creation of a field protecting wood belt, as well as wood belts along the banks of large rivers, canals and reservoirs. International issues of critical importance are the sharing and joint management of the Kura and Araks rivers and of the Caspian Sea to prevent further pollution and ensure sustainable development of their resources. - Water profile of Azerbaijan, Food and Agriculture Organization. - World Factbook: Azerbaijan, Central Intelligence Agency. - Aliyev, R.O. 1991. Hydraulic and land improvement constructions in conditions of pre-mountain plains. G.G. Morozovsckaya. - Aliyev, A., Mirzakhanov, A., Mamedov, S., Mamedov, A. 1986. Draft of the scheme of development and accommodation of land improvement and water economy of the Azerbaijan Republic up to 2005. - Badalova, S., Samedov, R., Safarov, H., Muradova, K. 1996. Land survey of the Azerbaijan Republic. - Listengarten, V.A. 1987. Groundwater resources information. T.D. Kostin. - Mamedov, R.G. and Ibadzade, Y.A. 1988. Water economy of Azerbaijan and development prospects. Sh. Rasizade. - Ministry of Water Economy. 1985. Technical certification of the irrigated and water managed systems. Disclaimer: This article is taken wholly from, or contains information that was originally published by, the Food and Agriculture Organization. Topic editors and authors for the Encyclopedia of Earth may have edited its content or added new information. The use of information from the Food and Agriculture Organization should not be construed as support for or endorsement by that organization for any new information added by EoE personnel, or for any editing of the original content.	<urn:uuid:9a9c1e5f-4571-4eb7-84eb-4636145d6f65>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.eoearth.org/article/Water_profile_of_Azerbaijan	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368703298047/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516112138-00071-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.94184	2,786	3.515625	4
Heathrow to trial RFID tags No more lost luggage? In September, Heathrow Airport will become the largest in Europe to trial RFID-based tags for tracking passenger luggage, comparing accuracy and read rates against their existing barcode-based systems. Radio Frequency Identification tags are a throw-away technology which can be embedded in the labels attached to luggage on check-in, and then read from a distance of a metre or so (depending on the technology) as the luggage makes its way around the world - sometimes even to the same destination as the passenger. Using RFID is more expensive than printed labels, but savings should come from being able to automatically read the labels as the bags pass by, and update the information stored on the tag without recourse to a central database. The International Air Transport Association reckons RFID will save airlines £400m a year, though some of that will be offset by the higher costs. Heathrow won't be drawn on those costs as yet. The details of technologies and suppliers won't be public until the official launch of the trial in September. ®	<urn:uuid:cdb5991c-8143-4547-a983-5e40afc6f9dc>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.theregister.co.uk/2007/07/06/heathrow_rfid/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368705953421/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516120553-00049-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.936906	226	1.921875	2
MAKING A SENSE OF SUSTAINABILITY THROUGH INFORMATION MANAGEMENT BEHAVIOUR Gangadharappa, N. R., Jirli, Basavaprabhu Jirli and Ibrahim, S. Sustainability has recently become buzzword for agricultural programme in education, extension, research and government policies. The sustainable agriculture is defined broadly enough to include all the concepts like biological, ecological, alternative, regenerative and low input concepts to some degree and also addresses a specific set of criteria. The thrust on Indian agriculture in the post green revolution period was in enhancing agricultural productivity through sustainable practices. In order to achieve this, Government of India implemented a national level programme for the development of rainfed areas through watershed approach. Consequently the role of agricultural extension has in recent years taken a greater importance in the transfer of technologies and their adoption by the farming community. If the agricultural research is to yield technology appropriate to the farmers then information must reach from the user to the researcher as well as from researcher to the user. Specifically, the purpose of the research is served only when it reaches the real user for which it is ultimately aimed at. So the key role of information dissemination is left with the extension system and many a time the system fail to cope up with the situation. So a study was aimed to disclose the stand of extension system with respect to the management of information regarding the different dimensions of sustainability in a watershed area. Since the final conclusion regarding the efforts taken by the ‘information disseminators’ can be attained by looking into the information utilization pattern of the ultimate users, the research objectives was framed in that direction also.	<urn:uuid:ac3115df-9c33-40d2-9064-372ec9b50012>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://agropedia.iitk.ac.in/openaccess/?q=content/making-sense-sustainability-through-information-management-behaviour	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368698207393/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516095647-00067-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.932229	338	2.125	2
Learn something new every day More Info... by email There are several differences between foundation and concealer, most particularly in usage. Depending on the variety, the colors of foundation and concealer may also vary. The overall pigmentation and consistency of these two types of makeup is also different, as is the packaging. Both foundation and concealer are meant to create the image of a flawless complexion. Foundation, however, is applied all over the face in a tone that matches the skin exactly. While it can cover minor spots, it typically is not meant for correcting severe discoloration, very noticeable scaring, or acne. Concealer is meant to be applied sparingly directly over blemishes or flaws to hide them; it is essentially meant to cover up things that a foundation cannot. Depending on one’s skin type, both foundation and concealer can be used together or alone. Concealer is not supposed to be applied all over the face in the same way as foundation. The color of foundation and concealer also varies. Foundation typically comes in a range of different flesh tone colors. While it can come in cooler or warmer tones for minor color correction, it is still meant to blend invisibly into the skin. While concealer also comes in a variety of skin colors, it also available in bases of red, pink, blue, and green. These specialized concealers help to cancel out opposite tones in the skin. If a foundation came in these colors, it would typically create a rather unnatural finished look; as concealer is only applied to tiny parts of the face, however it can still look natural. Another one of the primary differences between foundation and concealer is the pigmentation of the two products. The former is typically less pigmented than the latter. Even when the two products are the same shade, layers upon layers of foundation would be needed to achieve the same color payoff as one layer of concealer. Both foundation and concealer can come in liquid, cream, or powder form. When in the same form, however, concealer is significantly thicker than foundation. As foundation is meant for the entire face, it needs to be easily bendable. Concealer only needs to be able to blend slightly in a small area during application; therefore it is usually noticeably thicker. Foundation comes in a tube, bottle, compact, or a tin with loose powder. In most instances, only one shade of foundation is included in each of these. Concealer, however, typically comes in a stick, pen, small tin, or palette. In higher end stores, concealer is usually sold with several different shades and color correcting pigments in one package, thereby providing an all-in-one product for various areas of the face and significantly more options than a single foundation.	<urn:uuid:8c482b32-800f-4ce1-a3fc-4c53828d8d24>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-the-difference-between-foundation-and-concealer.htm	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368704132298/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516113532-00042-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.957491	567	2.140625	2
Rosh Hashana is usually the time when Jews gather to repent and to plan for ways to do good next year. But the way Satanist Churches have upside down crosses and black masses that are said backward, Reform take everything Judaism does and run it through backward. While Rabbis at Jewish synagogues were probably thinking of how to get more children involved in Jewish education, Rabbi Jonathan Romain of the Maidenhead Synagogue did his own Black Mass and came on a Rosh Hashana (or is that Ahanhsah Hsor) commitment to waging a relentless war on Jewish education. On Monday the Jewish New Year begins. Unlike the secular new year — largely a boisterous time characterised by revelry and champagne — Rosh Hashannah is a very serious and sober occasion. Jews spend the day in synagogue, even the lapsed ones who do not normally attend services. We reflect on our conduct during the past 12 months and make resolutions to repeat the good things we did, remedy the hurts we caused and set goals for the coming year. Here lies my problem. My resolution this year may make sense to some, but will be seen as heresy to others, especially fellow rabbis (and many vicars and imams). I resolve to speak out against faith schools, Isn’t that wonderful. It’s about time a Rabbi had the courage to condemn Jewish education and call for tearing down the Yeshivas. Johnny Romain (Lettuce?) may go down as the greatest Jewish thinker since that guy who sacrificed a pig on the altar in the temple 2000 years ago or so. The problem with faith schools is not their purpose but their consequences. They may be designed to inculcate religious values, but they result in religious ghettos, which can destabilise the social health of the country at large. Even those faith schools that genuinely try to reach out to the wider community and teach good citizenship still segregate Jewish, Muslim or Catholic children from each other and bring them up in what amounts to an educational apartheid system. Rabbit Jonathan Romain has got a point. No denying that. But his “modest proposal” doesn’t go nearly far enough. Why draw the line at faith school apartheid, when house of worship apartheid goes on. Why should we segregate Jews, Muslims and Catholics in Synagogue Apartheid. We all know having different religions is socially destabilizing, it creates ghettos, perpetuates divisions and makes Jeebus cry. I know, he told me so personally while I was studying a picture of his mother hugging Michael Jackson on a tree stump! Eliminating Faith Schools doesn’t go nearly far enough. We have to work harder to eliminate religious differences than simply denying our children a Jewish education. No, we have to tear down Synagogue Apartheid too. Down with the Yeshiva, Down with the Synagogue, Down with Judaism. Let’s all be one religion. Skin color will still be a problem, but we can all dye our faces purple. Also no more single sex bathrooms. Bathroom Apartheid must end. Because there’s no such thing as legitimate separations, are there. Anything separate is apartheid. Down with Apartheid! Of course we’re going to have to get rid of Rabbis too. We’ll need a new title that encompasses a universal religious leader, with Rabbi Jonathan Romain as our model. How about Spiritual Wanker of No Faith? I want my children to sit next to a Sikh in class, play football in the break with a Methodist, do homework with a Hindu and walk to the bus stop with a Muslim before returning to their Jewish home. I’ve kept my mouth shut before, but now Rabbi Jonathan Romain is just shamelessly plagiarizing Dr. Doolittle If I could talk to the Methodist, and maybe a Sikh or two and curse at him in fluent Hindu Share a dirty joke with a Buddhist, Kick a football at a Muslim Before returning to our intermarried, atheist, completely secular, don’t ask us about our religion… Jewish home! Hey kids, for 50 points, can anyone tell me why Reform Judaism is dying out? Can’t be the lack of a Jewish education. Oh wait. I’m not sure if watching the Reform post-Judaism movement commit suicide in such a public way is sad or funny. Sadly it’s probably a little of both. For a while now the movement has talked about embracing Jewish education. Oops apparently that’s Apartheid. However good some faith schools are individually, collectively they are a recipe for social disaster. Leaders of all faiths should put aside religious self-interest and make national cohesion a higher priority. At the same time, MPs who can see political advantage in supporting local sectarian demands should have the courage to ignore calls for religious preferences and work towards the greater good of communal integration. Assimilation today! Assimilation tomorrow! Assimilation forever! I recommend that Johnny Lettuce begin his “Tear down the Schools” crusade with the Muslims. Then after they fish all 14 pieces of him out of the river, we can bury him in 14 different religious cemeteries to accommodate his commitment to ecumenism uber alles. And in case you’re wondering, Rabbi Jonathan Romain’s Saturnalia resolution next year will to speak out against Faith Synagogues. Update: Rabbi Romain is a member of ACCORD, a group created by a member of the Anti-Religious British Humanist Association (atheist), which campaigns against religious schools. The goal is to destroy religious education. ACCORD calls for schools with mandatory infterfaith student bodies and staff and to… “Follow an objective, fair and balanced syllabus for education about religious and non-religious beliefs – whether determined by their local authority or by any future national syllabus or curriculum for RE” So Rabbi Lettucehead’s fun version of Judaism would be taught by whatever the British government decides is a “fair and balanced” approach to balancing Judaism and every other religion, and atheism too. And of course nothing as dirty and ugly as prayers “Provide their pupils with inclusive, inspiring and stimulating assemblies in place of compulsory acts of worship.” So yes this is exactly about destroying religious education backed by the rhyme scheme of Dr. Doolitle. It’s possible for children to learn to coexist with others, without backing a heavy handed government scheme to enforce its version of education, while banning all others. And now let’s look at the membership of ACCORD There’s the The British Humanist Association, The Campaign for State Education, The Lesbian and Gay Christian Movement and The Socialist Education Association. They seem to have left out Joseph Stalin, but that’s about it.	<urn:uuid:235f88e8-5492-4994-bdfc-6539f0312fd5>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://samuraimohel.wordpress.com/category/fake-rabbis/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368696383156/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516092623-00000-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.948555	1,438	1.640625	2
A spectacular 27-foot-long scroll, decorated with gold and silver wood-block designs of ivy, grasses and wisteria, and brushed with classical Japanese love poems in graceful calligraphy, is the newest addition to the collections of East Asian Art in the Philadelphia Museum of Art. Created by Hon'ami Koetsu, a central figure in Japanese arts at the turn of the 17th century, the scroll is devoted to Love Poems from the Shinkokin wakashu Imperial Anthology (c. 1610). Koetsu's scroll will be seen by U.S. audiences in The Arts of Hon'ami Koetsu, Japanese Renaissance Master, the first-ever comprehensive survey of the artist's work outside Japan, which will be on view at the Museum from July 29 through October 29, 2000. This important acquisition was made possible through the generosity of the East Asian Art Committee. The effort was launched with a generous contribution from Committee member William B. Hollis, Jr., and was enthusiastically supported by the Committee, under the leadership of its chairperson, Mrs. Howard H. Lewis. The acquisition of the Hon'ami Koetsu scroll celebrates the Museum's forthcoming 125th anniversary, in the year 2001. A committee of Museum Trustees and staff, chaired by Harvey S. Shipley Miller, is charged with seeking spectacular gifts of works of art for this occasion. Hon'ami Koetsu (1558-1637) has been likened to Leonardo da Vinci -- "a versatile genius in whom all the arts and refinements of his day seemed to find their confluence." In modern parlance, Koetsu could be described as an "art director" par excellence. He collaborated with other outstanding artists of his day to breathe new life into traditional formats such as handscrolls and lacquers. Koetsu revolutionized the visual effects of classical poetry scrolls, working with the artist Tawaraya Sotatsu to produce striking designs, over which Koetsu brushed his distinctively bold calligraphy. The Museum's newly acquired scroll features 12 poems written in Koetsu's calligraphy over Sotatsu's gold and silver design of seasonal foliage, which is stamped on sections of paper dyed varying colors made and mounted as a handscroll by Kamishi Soji, a master papermaker. Koetsu often worked with Soji, and the latter's rectangular seal appears on the paper's backing. Now some 27 feet in length, the scroll may have originally been longer, but suffered fire damage at an unknown date. Its careful restoration, undertaken in Japan in the 1980s, deliberately retained the signs of damage, and thus emphasized the beauty of age and wear, rather than deny or disguise the work's history. This is beautifully evident in the section of the scroll decorated with mehishiba grasses, where brown smoke stains could be read as fireflies. Owing to the delicate nature of works on paper, the new scroll will not be on permanent exhibition at the Museum. American audiences will have the rare opportunity to see Koetsu's scroll, together with other outstanding examples of his work, in The Arts of Hon'ami Koetsu, Japanese Renaissance Master, an exhibition of more than sixty objects, ranging from calligraphy and printed books to ceramics and lacquerwork. Dr. Felice Fischer, The Luther W. Brady Curator of Japanese Art and Acting Curator of East Asian Art at the Philadelphia Museum of Art, initiated the project and has overseen its development, in cooperation with the Agency for Cultural Affairs, Government of Japan, and The Japan Foundation. The exhibition is supported in part by generous grants from the E. Rhodes and Leona B. Carpenter Foundation, The Henry Luce Foundation, Inc., and The Pew Charitable Trusts. Initial funding of the exhibition was provided by the Luther W. Brady, Jr., Endowment for Japanese Art Research Support. Koetsu's interest in calligraphy led him to design beautiful lacquer boxes to hold the essential tools of East Asian writing: brush and inkstone. One such lacquer box, with a characteristically bold motif of a single deer on a striking gold and black background, and featuring Koetsu's original use of lead inlay and a domed lid, is in the permanent collection of the Philadelphia Museum of Art and will alo be featured in the upcoming exhibition. The Philadelphia Museum of Art's extensive collections of East Asian Art date to the American public's fascination with all things "Oriental" evident at the Philadelphia Centennial Exposition of 1876, and were formalized as a curatorial department in 1917. The Galleries feature an evolving array of installations, drawn from the Museum's rich collections, that illustrate and explore the many facets of Chinese, Japanese, Korean, Southeast Asian, Persian and Turkish art. Exquisitely painted scrolls and screens, decorative arts and modern design, as well as evocative period structures such as a Ceremonial Teahouse, present the achievements of Japanese artists from the 12th through 20th centuries. Fine examples of Japanese art are illustrated and described in A Handbook of the Collections, which was first published in English by the Museum in 1995, and recently issued in Japanese.	<urn:uuid:8800f4a1-723c-4cd7-b8d2-293cded9bc3e>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.philamuseum.org/press/releases/1999/90.html	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368703298047/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516112138-00073-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.956267	1,059	2.28125	2
Posts Tagged Masih ad-Dajjal In later Jewish eschatology and legend, a king who will arise at the end of time against the Messiah, and will be conquered by him after having brought much distress upon Israel. Parasha Ve’zot Haberacha, Devarim 34 says “and the affliction of generation after generation, and the punishment of Armalgos the wicked…” In ancient Jewish literature, the Anti-Christ (Greek term) or False/Psuedo Messiah (Aramaic term) was called "Armilus". "Armilus (Hebrew: ארמילוס)" is a Hebrew version of "Romulus", put in future form, to indicate that he would rule from Rome. Targum Yonathan translates Isaiah / Yesha’yah 11:4 into Aramaic with the following paraphrase: "and with the speech of his lips he [Messiah] will slay the wicked Armilus. " In the Midrash Pirkei-Ha-Mashiach (8th century CE) the False Messiah is called, "Satan Armilus, whom the Gentiles call Antichrist" It is interesting that main line judaism disagree with believers on the [...]Read full story » Sorry, but you are looking for something that is not here.	<urn:uuid:ab0dbf45-a683-4202-969e-6739850092ee>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://bethaderech.com/tag/masih-ad-dajjal/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368703298047/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516112138-00035-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.931788	281	2.234375	2
HOW JEEP WORKS JEEP is a database of individuals who require emergency evacuation assistance during disasters. The database is maintained by FRES and activated prior to an impending disaster. To be eligible for this program, you must be so disabled or frail that you are unable to leave your residence without emergency assistance. You must apply ahead of time to be included. The information you provide will be reviewed to see if you meet the eligibility requirements, and will be kept confidential. If you are approved, you will be assigned to an appropriate shelter. Services provided will be based on need and availability. WHAT DOES JEEP DO FOR ME? If your application is approved, you will be informed about: • Which services you may be eligible to receive. • Your responsibility in having a personal emergency evacuation plan. • What you will need to bring to a shelter, e.g. your walker, wheelchair etc. • If you are assigned transportation, how transportation will be provided to you. • The need to listen to the radio or watch TV for information regarding evacuation to shelters and times that transportation will start. HOW DO I APPLY FOR JEEP? If you are interested, you can get a JEEP application by calling the Department of Fire, Rescue and Emergency Services at 852-4900 or the Office of Handicapped Services at 853-8333 (voice), 853-5658 (TTY). When an application is reviewed, JEEP’s program managers will determine which services you will need. Your determination will be based on your medical and transportation needs as well as your lack of other evacuation options. If you need assistance filling out the form, try to find someone who can help you. If you do not have anyone to help you please contact the Office of Handicapped Services at the above listed numbers. WHAT IF I AM DEPENDENT ON LIFE SUPPORT? Now is a good time to check with your electric provider to make sure you are on their electric life support listing. If you are dependent on electric life support and do not live in an area being evacuated, you should stay put and listen to the radio or watch TV for instructions because you may also need to be evacuated later as the situation develops. WHERE WOULD I GO DURING AN EMERGENCY EVACUATION? Depending on your medical needs you will be taken to one of three types of shelters, a Medical Management Facility, a Special Needs Shelter or a General Population Shelter. Medical Management Facilities are intended for seriously ill people who, under normal conditions, would require hospitalization. Special needs shelters are for the well-being of medically dependent people who do not require hospitalization. Special needs shelters should not be utilized by healthy, able-bodied persons. Such persons should go to a General Population Shelter. General Population Shelters are managed by the Suffolk County Chapter of the American Red Cross. They are intended for those who are not eligible for a Medical Management Facility or Special Needs Shelter. There will be some people who apply to the JEEP who will be eligible for transport to a General Population Shelter. CAN I BRING SOMEONE TO ASSIST ME AT A SPECIAL NEEDS SHELTER? If you require emergency evacuation assistance and you have a caregiver available to assist you, they should come to and remain at the Special Needs Shelter with you. Only one person may come with you to a shelter. HOW DO I GET TO A SHELTER? People with special needs who have no other way to get out can have transportation to a shelter coordinated by JEEP. Transportation is limited to type and availability. During an emergency, it’s important for you to arrange for your own transportation, if possible. NOTE: Users of self contained, self administered oxygen can be transported on public vehicles such as buses. WHAT IF I DO NOT ENROLL IN JEEP? If you do not plan ahead, last minute evacuation may be impossible. JEEP members will have priority over anyone who is not in the program. Enrolling in JEEP however, does not mean you will be evacuated in all emergencies. If you do not live in an emergency area that had been advised to evacuate, you should remain safely secured at home and listen to the radio or watch TV for further information. WHAT IF I LIVE IN A NURSING HOME? Hospitals, nursing homes, adult homes and assisted living facilities are responsible for the safe evacuation of their patients/residents in an emergency. WHAT IF MY CONDITION OR ADDRESS CHANGES? If your name is in the registry, you will be mailed an application each year to update your records. It is your responsibility to notify JEEP of any changes in your status, including disability, medical, address and phone numbers.	<urn:uuid:8d0b2696-12fb-47c1-9d61-32770c323de0>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://scoem.suffolkcountyny.gov/OEM/JointEmergencyEvacuationProgram.aspx	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368704132298/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516113532-00008-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.944898	984	1.609375	2
This recipe is an adaptation of one in The Key to Chinese Cooking by Irene Kuo. The trick to soup dumplings, seemingly miraculous shots of savory, meaty broth encased in steamed dough, is both simple and clever. They're made using a collagen-rich pork stock that gels as it cools; the jelly can then be sliced and mixed with ground pork and aromatics and used as filling. The soup reliquefies as the dumplings steam, ready to be slurped out upon serving. —Margo True, from "Secret Soup" (April 2004) Shaped like ancient gold Chinese coins, dumplings came to symbolize wealth, and families ate them to ensure prosperity. Meant to be eaten cold, this Sichuan dish, like much of the cooking of that northern province, is quite spicy. This menu for Chinese New Year brings together the diverse flavors and textures of Chinese cuisine. Does Not Apply	<urn:uuid:b104db69-04a9-4265-951f-966f0aa04930>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.saveur.com/solrSearchResults.jsp?q=&p=0&fq=Topic%3ARecipe&fq=Cuisine%3AChinese&fq=Main%5C+Ingredient%3AVegetables&fq=Technique%3ASteam	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368696383156/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516092623-00021-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.931176	200	1.828125	2
Maryland’s requirement that residents show a “good and substantial reason” to get a handgun permit is unconstitutional, according to a federal judge’s opinion filed Monday. States can channel the way their residents exercise their Second Amendment right to bear arms, but because Maryland’s goal was to minimize the number of firearms carried outside homes by limiting the privilege to those who could demonstrate “good reason,” it had turned into a rationing system, infringing upon residents’ rights, U.S. District Judge Benson Everett Legg wrote. “A citizen may not be required to offer a `good and substantial reason’ why he should be permitted to exercise his rights,” he wrote. “The right’s existence is all the reason he needs.” Plaintiff Raymond Woollard obtained a handgun permit after fighting with an intruder in his Hampstead home in 2002, but was denied a renewal in 2009 because he could not show he had been subject to “threats occurring beyond his residence.” Woollard appealed, but was rejected by the review board, which found he hadn’t demonstrated a “good and substantial reason” to carry a handgun as a reasonable precaution. The suit filed in 2010 claimed that Maryland didn’t have a reason to deny the renewal and wrongly put the burden on Woollard to show why he still needed to carry a gun. The Second Amendment Foundation sponsored the suit, and Woollard's lawyer was Second Amendment vindicator Alan Gura, who also won the Heller and McDonald suits at the Supreme Court that established our right to own commonly used weapons for self-defense in the home, against both federal and state encroachment. By moving the Second Amendment argument here beyond the home, this case promises to help expand Second Amendment rights even beyond the Heller and McDonald standard. UPDATE: Thanks commenter Chris Brennan: The full decision.	<urn:uuid:ff8d4f10-a4cf-4263-95ef-95027cceb8b3>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://reason.com/blog/2012/03/05/maryland-handgun-permit-restrictions-fou	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368696383156/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516092623-00057-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.971282	399	1.625	2
\|Advertising\|Jobs 転職\|Shukan ST\|JT Weekly\|Book Club\|JT Women\|Study in Japan\|Times Coupon\|Subscribe 新聞購読申込\| \|Home > News\| \|Home > News\| Monday, May 5, 2008 Nobel Peace Prize winner hits moves to change Article 9 By JUN HONGO, AKEMI NAKAMURA CHIBA — Altering the war-renouncing Article 9 of the Constitution could threaten the safety of Asian people and trigger a regional arms race, Nobel laureate Mairead Corrigan-Maguire told a symposium Sunday. Speaking at the Global Article 9 Conference to Abolish War held in Makuhari Messe in the city of Chiba, the winner of the 1976 Nobel Peace Prize expressed distress over recent moves to revise the Constitution. "Many of us are concerned to know that there are those, both in the government and the wider Japanese society, who wish to endanger such peaceful policies and abandon Article 9 and Japan's peace Constitution," Corrigan-Maguire told the packed convention center. "All peace-loving people must unite to oppose such a backward step," said the 64-year-old, who was awarded the Nobel for her efforts in promoting a peaceful resolution to the Northern Ireland dispute. The three-day international conference kicked off a day after the 61st anniversary of the enforcement of the Constitution. It was organized by nongovernmental groups, including Japan-based Peace Boat. Organizers said the meeting will provide an opportunity to discuss the significance of the constitutional article that endorses demilitarization and what people can do to promote its spirit. While it stipulates that Japan renounces war as a sovereign right and that it will not maintain land, sea and air forces, the ruling Liberal Democratic Party has been keen to make amendments. The LDP-led ruling coalition passed a national referendum law last year establishing procedures to revise the Constitution. "The war in Iraq has shown that even the strongest, biggest army in the world can not keep peace in a single city. It proves that aggression never instates peace," Tatsuya Yoshioka, director of Peace Boat and a representative of the event's organizing committee, said during the opening remarks. "Article 9 is a treasure of all mankind. It must be protected," he said. The conference's organizing committee and more than 100 supporters adopted a declaration urging governments around the world to reduce arms, work on peacemaking and abolish war. The declaration said Article 9 can work as an international peacemaking mechanism and that other countries can introduce similar ideas into their constitutions. It also called for starting a global movement to promote the spirit of Article 9. Cora Weiss, president of the Hague Appeal for Peace, said it is important that people in Japan try to keep the original intention of Article 9 because lawmakers' interpretations can take out its "heart." "That is what I hope we will campaign against and try to keep the true intention, the original intention of Article 9 and not allow interpretation to meet our military appetite," she said. The event is being supported by more than 70 groups, and 100 peace activists and legal experts from more than 43 countries. The organizing committee said approximately 10,000 people attended the opening-day sessions.	<urn:uuid:3ab3ab5c-868d-43ea-bcd8-71b415613354>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://info.japantimes.co.jp/text/nn20080505a3.html	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368702448584/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516110728-00059-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.943443	703	1.914063	2
88 results found More children - and adults - than ever are being diagnosed with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder yet many may instead be suffering from sleep deprivation. Lyn Barrington assumed that her cough was just a chest infection. Finally, 15 months later, she was diagnosed with terminal lung cancer even though she has never smoked. When Anna and Dominic Robbins struggled to conceive, they assumed that the problem was a gynaecological one, but a childhood football injury had left Dominic allergic to his own sperm. Fred Emery thought having a defibrillator would help. But his condition deteriorated and doctors suggested that it was time to turn off this life-line. When Tottenham Hotspur’s Gareth Bale suffered an ankle injury this month he turned to a controversial blood-spinning treatment, available on the NHS, to get himself back on his feet. The NHS funds only around 400 penile implants a year — and the chance of receiving one varies widely depending on where you live. Susan Welch underwent a course of chemotherapy and Herceptin, a drug that targets certain types of breast cancer cells. As life-changing drug Xolair is declared not 'cost-effective' by the NHS watchdog, one mother makes an urgent plea. Shannon Deakin had been taking Dianette for around four weeks before she died from an undiagnosed deep vein thrombosis. It is Britain’s third most common cancer, with 40,000 new diagnoses a year. The disease also claims 16,000 lives a year. The new technique, called dCELL Dermis, involves applying a specially treated mesh of human skin to an ulcer. Experts warn too many patients are given catheters unnecessarily because it’s easier for hospital staff or they do it through out-of-date nursing habits. A pioneering technique for repairing broken ribs is dramatically reducing recovery times - so that patients can return to normal life within days. Researchers have discovered that oestrogen — which is naturally present in both men and women — plays a key role in wound healing. Around three million women are affected by prolapse, which causes incontinence. Milithra Wickramarachchi underwent a new robotic procedure. While in 1992 the over 40s had just 2,066 IVF treatments, by 2010 that number had soared to 10,979. With 50,000 men having a vasectomy every year in Britain, there is clearly a market for male family planning and scientists are trying to find new options. One of the first patients to benefit from the pioneering procedure is Stephan Spiriak (pictured) a 55-year-old semi-retired electrician from Edgware, North London. The gadget, called a PICO machine, consists of a large disposable dressing connected via a plastic tube to a battery device. Dawn Green, pictured, is one of an increasing number of cancer patients previously considered too sick to treat, who are being given this controversial treatment. Subscribe to our RSS feed for these results Published by Associated Newspapers Ltd Part of the Daily Mail, The Mail on Sunday & Metro Media Group	<urn:uuid:06126bd5-a695-453d-a9c2-f2936e42ac52>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.dailymail.co.uk/home/search.html?s=&authornamef=Rachel+Ellis	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368711005985/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516133005-00075-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.962389	653	1.960938	2
Salmon – A superfood that fills in the gapsAug 7th, 2012 \| By admin \| Category: Getting Ready Salmon is a species of fish that is commonly eaten for its nutritional properties. The fish live in both fresh and salt water, depending on where the salmon is in its development. Preparation methods for salmon vary, as some prefer barbequing, baking, or even sauteing their fish. Vitamin D is obtained mainly through sunlight exposure, although some foods contain significant levels. Salmon has one of the highest vitamin D levels of all foods, containing 360IU in one three and a half ounce serving. Three quarters of American teens and adults are deficient in vitamin D, which is concerning because vitamin D plays such a crucial role in our health. Bone health is very dependent on vitamin D levels, with diseases like rickets, osteoporosis (weak bones), and osteomalacia (bone pain) correlated with vitamin D intake. Vitamin D is also important for the heart and blood vessels. The immune system works much more effectively when the body has sufficient vitamin D levels, helping the body fight off illnesses and autoimmune diseases like cancer. Besides vitamin D, salmon contains vitamins A and B as well as minerals like iron, calcium, selenium, and phosphorus. Salmon is one of the best sources of omega-3 fatty acids, which is a nutrient that most Americans could use more of. An ideal ratio of omega-6 fatty acids to omega-3 fatty acids is about 2:1 or 1:1. Because of the high processed food and vegetable oil consumption rates, many developed world citizens have a ratio that contains much higher levels of omega-6 fatty acids. Omega-3 fatty acids keep the arteries and veins flexible, and increase the strength of cardiac muscles. They also contribute to the prevention of macular degeneration, dryness in the eyes, loss of vision, and eye fatigue. Perhaps their best known attribute, omega-3 fatty acids increase the efficiency of the brain and improve memory. Salmon is a delicious food to include in breakfast, lunch, dinner, or even as a snack or appetizer. The nutritional value of salmon is excellent on the whole, but what really sets salmon apart as a nutritional powerhouse is the high vitamin D and omega-3 fatty acid levels. Salmon – A superfood that fills in the gaps Independent News on Natural Health and the World	<urn:uuid:e59af1e1-0490-42c4-8d65-4252ebfbaf67>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.bearflagtrading.com/2012/08/salmon-a-superfood-that-fills-in-the-gaps/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368700958435/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516104238-00004-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.936789	494	2.859375	3
A plethora of embedded systems ranging from motor control to smart-energy applications need connectivity, and the ever-present power line may provide the most convenient media for such connectivity. Moreover, power-line communications (PLC) will likely prove vital to the smart home. However, power-line communications require robust digital signal processing (DSP) and an analog front end (AFE) that can tolerate the harsh signaling environment of the AC line. Still, DSP-enabled microcontrollers (MCUs) combined with an AFE can handle the application. Let us examine one possible MCU/AFE combination relative to a smart home, a design and development tool, and some alternative power-line-communication ICs. The illustration supplied by Texas Instruments (TI) in Figure 1 provides an excellent summary of a smart home. Elements including lighting, the HVAC system, appliances, and entertainment devices all connected to a home-automation network. Wireless technology such as ZigBee may enable some of the network links, but a power-line network is the obvious choice for products such as appliances. Moreover, communications between the utility and a smart meter are most easily served by PLC. The wireless and power-line networks are easily connected via a bridge. Figure 1: In a smart home, power-line networks combine with wireless schemes such as ZigBee to link appliances, HVAC systems, and other network elements to a smart meter and the smart grid. The smart-home concept includes elements that are primarily conveniences or luxuries, but also elements paramount to reducing power consumption and dodging a potential global energy crisis. Consumers would surely enjoy the convenience of programmable lighting control or the ability to remotely raise the thermostat on the hot tub. Those same control capabilities can slash energy use by ensuring that devices get powered off and by working with utility demand-management strategies. Clearly the smart home concept is compelling, but there is an important cost angle as well. If the premium associated with adding communications capabilities to appliances and other home goods isn't affordable, the technology will not move forward. That cost angle is why it's significant that relatively-low-cost MCUs can handle the task at hand. Analog front end To illustrate the design challenge, let's have a look at TI's approach to PLC. TI recently introduced the AFE031 AFE, and suggests pairing that IC with a C2000-family DSP-enabled MCU. The block diagram in Figure 2 depicts the internal architecture of the AFE031. The IC includes a power amplifier (PA) to drive a signal at levels to 1.5 A on to the power line. The integrated receiver can detect signals as low as 20 µV. Generally, the modulation scheme and communication protocol used in a power-line-network connection are implemented in software. A software implementation allows flexibility in terms of the choice of modulation and protocol schemes, and the convenience of easy updates as PLC standards evolve for such schemes. The AFE031 IC can be used in a variety of modulation schemes including spread frequency shift key (S-FSK) and orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) modulation, which have gained favor in power-line networks. Figure 2: The TI AFE031 analog front end IC integrates a power amplifier to drive PLC signals and a programmable gain amplifier with sensitivity to 20 µV in the receive chain. The TI C2000 family (C2000 power line modem dev kit) includes a number of MCU lines capable of meeting the power-line-modem processing requirements. These products are also sometimes called digital signal controllers (DSC) due to the math capabilities integrated on the MCUs. In fact, the TI MCUs we will discuss evolved from the company's dedicated DSP-centric processors that are sometimes confusingly referred to as digital signal processors and ambiguously shortened to DSPs. At the low end, the TMS320F280X Piccolo MCU family includes devices that can operate over clock frequencies ranging from 40 to 80 MHz. In a Piccolo-based design, the MCU would likely be completely dedicated to the modem processing and would most often rely on a separate processor for the application tasks. Moving a step up, the TMS320F283X Delfino MCU family includes 100 to 300 MHz devices. The Delfino MCUs could in some cases handle both application processing and the PLC modem functionality, depending on the application. However, from a software development perspective, it might be simpler to use two separate processors, especially if there are real-time elements to the application that might conflict with the real-time modem tasks. TI's latest C2000 product is the TMS320F28M35X Concerto MCU family. Concerto is a dual-core architecture that combines a C28X core and a general-purpose RISC processor core based on the ARM Cortex-M3 architecture. In essence, Concerto combines an application processor and DSP engine that can handle the PLC modem task. Over the range of currently-available family members, the C28x core supports clock speeds from 60 to 150 MHz, and the RISC core supports clock speeds from 60 to 100 MHz. Regardless of processor choice, TI offers a software stack that streamlines the design of a PLC system. The plcSUITE relies on a layered architecture and is supplied with an open-source license. The package includes both physical (PHY) and medium access control (MAC) layers, as well as protocol stacks such as 6LoWPAN (IPv6 over Low power Wireless Personal Area Network). A typical power-line modem would use the architecture depicted in the block diagram in Figure 3. The MCU drives signals onto the power line using a PWM peripheral integrated on the device. The PWM signal connects directly to the input of the PA. The receive chain relies on the programmable gain amplifier in the AFE that supplies an input to an A/D converter integrated on the MCU. Figure 3: In a typical PLC modem, an MCU PWM peripheral drives the power amplifier in the AFE while an A/D converter digitizes the received signal. Design teams that want to experiment with power-line communications or get a jumpstart on a new project can turn to the C2000 Power Line Modem Developer's Kit. The kit is based on a Piccolo MCU, and TI includes two complete power-line modems. The kit also includes the plcSUITE software. The kit utilizes TI's controlCARD scheme that the company has relied on in many development kits to host an MCU. You can separately buy the TMS320F28X evaluation kit that is a general-purpose Piccolo evaluation tool based on a controlCARD. Additionally, you can buy just the TMS320F28X controlCARD, which can be useful for building prototypes or small-volume products. Of course there are many other approaches to designing power-line modems and different IC manufacturers partition the problem in different ways. STMicroelectronics, for example offers the ST7538X and ST7540X power-line transceivers that can be used to support most any power-line communication scheme. The company also offers the ST757X power-line SoC that integrates both the AFE and the modem capability, but is designed specifically for S-FSK applications. NXP Semiconductors offers the TDA5051 IC that it calls a Home Automation Modem. The NXP IC uses an amplitude shift keying (ASK) modulation scheme. Cypress Semiconductor supports PLC with both a fixed-function IC, and with one member of its PSoC (programmable system on chip) family that includes programmable analog and digital blocks integrated on chip. The standalone CY8CPLC10 and the PSoC-based CY8CPLC20 PLC ICs both support FSK modulation. Communications functionality is increasingly requisite, even in everyday devices such as appliances. Wireless technology is always an option, but for anything that connects to line power, you should certainly consider PLC. In general, power-line communications has been considered a difficult challenge. However, technology that supports the application, including DSP-enabled MCUs, has made the technology affordable and reliable. PLC will almost assuredly be needed in the smart home, but one should consider the power-line option in any new embedded application requiring connectivity. Powered By Electronic Products Editorial Consortium Discover the benefits of becoming a My Digi-Key registered user. • Enjoy faster, easier ordering with your information preloaded. • View your order status, web order history • Use our BOM Manager tool • Import a text file into a RoHS query	<urn:uuid:9619049e-90b4-403e-8417-14a063f1f226>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.digikey.com/us/en/techzone/microcontroller/resources/articles/combine-an-mcu-and-analog-front-end.html	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368704392896/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516113952-00074-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.914743	1,822	2.6875	3
Canada and U.S. singled out at summit over drugs, Cuba Canada and the United States are finding themselves at odds with Latin American countries on two thorny issues — the war on drugs and the exclusion of Cuba — at a summit of hemispheric leaders in Colombia. The event's host, Colombian President Juan Manuel Santos, delivered a frank speech Saturday to the assembled heads of state and government in which he said it would be "unacceptable" to hold another Summit of the Americas without Cuba. The communist country was suspended from the Organization of American States, the main organizing body for the summits, in 1962. Canada and the United States are the only two countries in the organization that have not lobbied to invite to Cuba to the events. "The isolation, the embargo, the indifference, the looking the other way don't work," Santos said in the coastal resort city of Cartagena. "It's an anachronism that keeps us anchored in a Cold War era that was overcome decades ago." Three Latin American leaders are threatening not to sign Sunday's summit declaration unless Canada and the United States agree to allow Cuba to attend the next one, the CBC's Terry Milewski reported from the summit. Divided over drugs The Colombian president also said that the war on drugs isn't working and that he would like to see a debate on decriminalizing them. Violence related to the drug trade has pushed murder rates in Central America and the Caribbean to the highest in the world. But Canadian Prime Minister Stephen Harper's office has said he won't entertain any policy changes that would lift the prohibition of illicit drugs, while U.S. President Barack Obama repeated at the summit on Saturday that the White House believes "legalization is not the answer." Saturday's focus on Cuba and drug enforcement policy clashed with Harper's agenda at the summit, which was to sell Canada as an attractive destination to do business. The prime minister went looking for investment dollars from across the region during a speech Saturday to assembled leaders, where he boasted of Canada's economic stability and strong resource industry. Harper also told a forum of CEOs his government's budget promises to speed up the regulatory process to develop major natural resource projects is a key reason they should invest. "We cannot allow valid concerns about environmental protection to be used as an excuse to trap worthwhile projects in reviews without end," Harper said. "What matters is that the relevant facts are fully considered. That need not take years." Harper further touted Canada’s banks as "the soundest in the world" according to the World Economic Forum. Canadian exports have been flagging over the past several years, and Canadian manufacturing has felt the blow with an estimated 500,000 lost jobs. At the same time, South American countries have seen strong economic growth and are an appealing destination for potential trade and investment. Latin American leaders have been working to take advantage, having recently founded the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States, which includes all of the hemisphere's countries except Canada and the United States.	<urn:uuid:8d0a5741-457d-436b-9dae-a6fece61a25b>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://freemarc.ca/group/endprohibition/canada-and-us-singled-out-summit-over-drugs-cuba	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368698207393/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516095647-00054-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.963599	624	2.03125	2
The coup d’état in Honduras, promoted by the far right-wing of the United States –which in Central America was maintaining the structure set up by Bush – and backed by the Department of State, was evolving poorly on account of the energetic resistance by the people.The criminal venture, condemned unanimously by world opinion and international bodies, could not be sustained. The memory of atrocities committed during recent decades by the tyrannies that United States organized, instructed and armed in our hemisphere was still fresh. The efforts of the empire were set in motion during the Clinton administration and in the following years in the plan to impose the FTA on all the countries of Latin America via the so-called Summits of the Americas. The intention of committing the hemisphere to a free trade agreement fell through. The economies in other parts of the world grew at a good clip and the dollar lost its exclusive hegemony as the privileged currency. The brutal world financial crisis complicated the situation. Under those circumstances, the military coup was produced in Honduras, one of the poorest countries in the hemisphere. In the wake of two weeks of growing popular struggle, the United States maneuvered to gain time. The Department of State appointed Oscar Arias, president of Costa Rica, to the task of helping along the military coup in Honduras, besieged by the vigorous but peaceful pressure exerted by the people. Never had such a similar event in Latin America received such a response. In US calculations, the fact that Arias held the title of Nobel laureate for peace held some weight. The real Oscar Arias story indicates that the man we are dealing with is a neo-liberal politician, talented and with a gift for words, extremely calculating and a faithful ally of the United States. From the first years of the triumph of the Cuban Revolution, the government of the United States used Costa Rica and apportioned it resources to present it as a showcase of the social advances that could be achieved under capitalism. That Central American country was used as an imperialist base for the piratical attacks against Cuba. Thousands of Cuban technicians and university graduates were stolen away from our people who were already being submitted to a cruel blockade, in order to provide their services in Costa Rica. Relations between Costa Rica and Cuba have been restored in recent times; it was one of the two last countries in the hemisphere to do so, something that is of satisfaction for us, but in spite of that I must express what I am thinking at this historic moment for our America. Arias, originally from the wealthy and leading class in Costa Rica, studied law and economics at a university in his country and later studied and graduated as master in political sciences from the English University of Essex where he finally graduated as Doctor of Political Sciences. Having such academic laurels, President José Figueres Ferrer of the National Liberation Party appointed him as advisor in 1970, at the age of 30, and shortly after he was appointed Minister of Planning, a position ratified by the next president Daniel Oduber. In 1978, he enters Congress as Deputy for that party. He ascends to secretary general in 1979 and is president for the first time in 1986. Years before the triumph of the Cuban Revolution, an armed movement of the national bourgeoisie of Costa Rica, under the leadership of José Figueres Ferrer, father of President Figueres Olsen, had eliminated the small coup-perpetrating army of that country and his struggle gained the sympathies of the Cubans. When we were fighting in the Sierra Maestra against the Batista tyranny, we received some weapons and ammunition from the Liberation Party created by Figueres Ferrer, but he was too much of a friend to the Yankees and he soon broke with us. It cannot be forgotten that the OAS meeting in San José Costa Rica gave rise to the First Declaration of Havana in 1960. All of Central America suffered for more than 150 years and, since the days of the filibusterer William Walker who made himself president of Nicaragua in 1856, is still suffering the problem of United States interventionism which has been a constant, even though the heroic people of Nicaragua have now attained an independence that they are ready to defend right up to their last breath. Any support from Costa Rica is unheard of since it was achieved, even though there was a government in that country which, on the eve of the victory in 1979, saw fit to show solidarity with the Sandinista National Liberation Front. When Nicaragua was being drained of its life blood in Reagan’s dirty war, Guatemala and El Salvador had also paid a high price in human lives due to the US interventionist policy that provided money, weapons, schools and indoctrination to the repressive troops. Daniel told us about how the Yankees finally promoted formulae that put an end to the revolutionary resistance of Guatemala and El Salvador. On many occasions, Daniel had bitterly commented to me that Arias, following US instructions, had excluded Nicaragua from the peace negotiations. He only met with the governments of El Salvador, Honduras and Guatemala to impose treaties on Nicaragua. Therefore he was expressing great gratitude to Vinicio Cerezo. He also told me that the first treaty signed in the convent of Esquipulas, Guatemala on August 7, 1987, after two days of intense conversations among the five Central American presidents. I have never publicly spoken about that. But this time, while commemorating the 30th anniversary of the Sandinista victory on July 19, 1979, Daniel explained it all with impressive clarity, as he did with all subjects throughout his speech that was heard by hundreds of thousands of people and broadcast on radio and television. I use his exact words: “The Yankees appointed him as mediator. We have deep sympathies with the people of Costa Rica, but I cannot forget, in those tough years the president of Costa Rica called together the Central American presidents and he didn’t invite us…” “But the other Central American presidents were more sensible and they told him: There can be no peace plan here if Nicaragua isn’t present. In the name of historical truth, the president had the fortitude to break the isolation the Yankees had imposed on Central America – where they had forbidden the presidents to talk with the president of Nicaragua and they wanted a military solution, they wanted to finish Nicaragua off, finish off its revolution, with a war – , the man who took that courageous step was President Vinicius Cerezo of Guatemala. That is the true story.” Right away he added: “The Yankees came running to find President Oscar Arias, because they already know him! They want to find a way to gain some time, so that the perpetrators of the coup begin to make demands that are unacceptable. Who has ever heard of a coup negotiating with the people from whom it is ripping away their constitutional rights? Those rights cannot be negotiated; one simply has to reinstate President Manuel Zelaya, just as the ALBA, Rio Group, SICA, OAS and United Nations treaties stated. “We want peaceful solutions in our countries. The battle being fought by the people of Honduras at this time is a non-violent battle, in order to avoid more pain than that which has already been inflicted on Honduras”, concluded Daniel, verbatim. Because of the dirty war ordered by Reagan and which in part – he told me – was funded by drugs sent to the United States, more than 60,000 persons lost their lives and 5,800 more were made invalid. Reagan’s dirty war gave rise to the destruction and abandonment of 300 schools and 25 health centres; 150 teachers were murdered. The toll rose to tens of billions of dollars. Nicaragua only had 3.5 million inhabitants, it stopped receiving the fuel that the USSR was sending them and the economy became unsustainable. It called elections and even had them earlier, and it respected what the people decided, those people who had lost all hope for holding on to the gains of the Revolution. Nearly 17 years later, the Sandinistas returned to the government in victory; just two days ago they were celebrating the 30th anniversary of the first victory. On Saturday, July 18th, the Nobel Laureate proposed 7 points of the personal peace initiative that was detracting from the authority of the UN and OAS decisions and was tantamount to an act of renunciation by Manuel Zelaya that took away sympathies and weakened poplar support. The constitutional president sent what he described as an ultimatum for the coup, which his representatives were to present, announcing at the same time his return to Honduras on Sunday, July 19th via any department of that country. Around noon on that Sunday, a giant Sandinista demonstration takes place, with historical denunciations of US policy. They were truths that could be nothing other than tremendously significant. The worst of the matter is that the United States was running into resistance for its sweetening maneuver from the coup government. It would still need to be pinpointed at what moment the Department of State sends their strong message to Micheletti, and whether the military chiefs were warned about the positions of the US government. What is real is that for whoever would be closely following the events, Micheletti was against peace on Monday. His representative in San José, Carlos López Contreras, had declared that the Arias proposal could not be discussed because the first point, the one dealing with Zelaya’s reinstatement, was not negotiable. The civilian government of the coup had taken its role seriously and did not even realize that Zelaya, divested of his authority, would not represent any risk to the oligarchy and would suffer a politically hard blow if he accepted the proposal made by the president of Costa Rica. That very same Sunday the 19th, when Arias is asking for another 72 hours to explain his position, Mrs. Clinton is speaking on the phone with Micheletti and sustains what the spokesperson Philip Crowley describes as a “tough phone call”. Some day we shall know what she said to him, but it would be enough just to see Micheletti’s face when he spoke at a meeting of his government on Monday July 20th: he really looked like a kid in kindergarten who had been scolded by his teacher. I was able to see the images and hear the speeches at the meeting on Telesur. Other images broadcast were those of the OAS representatives making their speeches in the heart of that institution, committing themselves to await the last word of the Nobel Laureate on Wednesday. Did they or didn’t they know what Mrs.Clinton had said to Micheletti? Maybe they did, maybe they didn’t. Perhaps some of them, not all of them, knew. Men, institutions and concepts had turned into instruments of the high-handed and arrogant policy of Washington. Never had a speech in the heart of the OAS shone with such dignity as the brief but brave words at that meeting spoken by Roy Chaderton, the Venezuelan ambassador. Tomorrow the stony image of Oscar Arias will appear, explaining that they have drawn up such and such a solution to avoid violence. I think that even Arias himself has fallen into the great trap set up by the Department of State. Let’s see what he does tomorrow. Nevertheless, the people of Honduras are the ones who will have the last word. Representatives of the social organizations and the new forces are not the instruments of anyone, inside or outside the country. They know the needs and suffering of the people, their awareness and their mettle have multiplied; many citizens who were indolent have joined the cause; the very members of the traditional parties who are honest and who believe in freedom, justice and human dignity will judge their leaders on the position they will adopt at this historical moment. We still do not know what the attitude of the military will be when faced with the Yankee ultimata, and what messages will get to the officers; there is only one patriotic and honourable point of reference: loyalty to the people who have heroically stood up to the tear gas bombs, the blows and the shooting. Without anybody being able to be sure about what the final whim of the empire will be, whether Zelaya returns legally or illegally as a result of the final decisions adopted, without a doubt Hondurans will give him a grand welcome because it will be a measure of the victory that they have already won with their struggles. Let nobody doubt that only the Honduran people will be able to build their own history! Fidel Castro Ruz July 21, 2009	<urn:uuid:71d378fa-fe51-4506-b0ca-f0dee3a2ac2e>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://monthlyreview.org/castro/2009/07/21/the-30th-sandinista-anniversary-and-the-san-jos-proposal/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368703682988/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516112802-00075-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.978647	2,578	2.359375	2
Jane Jacobs, Anthony Downs, and Ian Lockwood do a pretty good job of describing the fallacies of using congestion, gridlock, and level of service arguments as discussion-ending rationales for either maintaining excess auto lanes, adding new lanes, or refusing to give up lanes for other modes. Entire highways have been torn down and replaced by at-grade, multi-modal boulevards, or in some cases streams and trails, and neither gridlock, cannibalism, nor communism ensued. Temporary highway lane closures show similar effects – traffic does not act like water. It acts like people – adaptable to changing environments. Without going on a rant about traffic engineering concepts, I will say that basing design decisions on efficiency (moving as many cars as quickly as possible) lessens the importance of other variables, such as: - Land use (see excessively wide roads around Druid Hill Park) - Neighborhood circulation patterns (see how Seton Hill was turned into an on-ramp for MLK Jr. Blvd) - Quality of life (talk to someone who lives on St. Paul St. in Charles Village) - Access (see 6 unnecessary traffic lanes around Preston Gardens) Drivers will speed if they’re on a road designed to maximize throughput for cars. This is basic human psychology – design a road that feels safe at 40 mph, and drivers will travel that speed despite the speed limit. Complete streets, road-diets, or even just the presence of bike lanes can slow traffic and reduces fatalities. By reducing the number of unneeded traffic lanes, we’re also giving people travel options instead of maintaining a decades old status quo created when congestion reduction was thought of as the primary goal of good street design. My Hit List: - The 695 Belt Way – Not in the city, but my blog knows no bounds. It’s crazy there isn’t a bus route that connects major suburban centers on the beltway. Perfect place for Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) dedicated lanes. Having sleek new hybrid buses zoom by stopped beltway traffic at 5pm will do more to market transit than all the Facebook “friends” in the world. See the BRT system in Curitiba, Brazil. While some systems have not met expectations in the U.S., this can be partly attributed to some jurisdictions lacking the political will to convert traffic lanes into bus-only lanes. - Wabash Ave. – I didn’t think of this one until Greg brought it up in Part I. 6 lanes? Really? For when you really need to get from Cold Spring Lane to Northern Parkway at the speed of sound. Take a lane and it could be a separated walking/biking path for the neighborhoods in NW Baltimore. The path would also connect to two metro stations. - Swann Drive on the south side of Druid Hill Park – Way too wide and way too fast. An impediment to the revitalization of Reservoir Hill. Who the hell wants to cross 8 lanes of traffic with their kid trying to get to a park? - Major streets: Boston St. and Charles St. – Well, not take lanes really, but eliminate peak hour parking restrictions to make the streets more neighborhood and people friendly. See my peak hour parking restriction rant here. Pratt east of President St. could also stand to lose the peak hour parking restrictions. - Local streets: Lanvale in Greenmount West and Oldham St. in Greektown – way too wide for what they’re used for. Both should be narrowed with bumpouts, widened sidewalks, planting strips, outdoor seating areas, and bike lanes. - Preston Gardens – 4 lanes on St. Paul turn into 6 adjacent to the park, making it more of a traffic median instead of a public space. A lane on both upper and lower St. Paul should be taken adjacent to Preston Gardens in order to widen the park, improve pedestrian access from Mt. Vernon and Mercy Hospital, and slow traffic down. - Hanover St. Bridge – A major connection between South Baltimore and Middle Branch neighborhoods, the middle reversible lane is not needed and is often empty during peak hours. Remove the middle lane and put in two bike lanes. Maybe widen the sidewalks. The views from the bridge would be better from outside a car. - Thames Street in Fells Point – A gap in the waterfront promenade. The sidewalk width should be doubled and a separated bike lane added. Traffic lanes are not sacred nor are they static. They should be assessed regularly to see if they could be put to better use, taking into account a neighborhood’s vision and changing land uses. An interesting analysis of the safety implications of livable streetscape treatments and wide roads can be found in Eric Dumbaugh’s thesis from Georgia Tech, subsequently published in the Journal of the American Planning Association. At the most fundamental level, the major tension in the design of urban roadways does not appear to be a matter of balancing safety and livability objectives. There is little evidence to support the claim that “livable” streetscape treatments are less safe than their more conventional counterparts, and the weight of the evidence suggests that they can possibly enhance a roadway’s safety performance. Instead, the more basic problem appears to be that safety and livability objectives are often in direct conflict with the overarching objective of mobility, and its proxy—speed. (Dumbaugh, 2005). The spaces between the buildings are just as important as the buildings themselves. What good is a lifeless street filled with rushing traffic?	<urn:uuid:e979e9d5-7f52-4198-aaa0-31f6b9a85110>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://carfreebaltimore.com/?tag=eric-dumbaugh	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368710006682/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516131326-00047-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.944159	1,144	2.359375	2
“We’re looking forward to welcoming our youngest students to school in the coming year,” said Dawna Ogden, kindergarten program coordinator for the Washoe County School District. “The new online registration process will make it easier for parents to begin the registration process for their child. We are always still available to help whenever parents have questions to ensure that students and parents are ready for school and get off to a positive start.” Students must be 5 years old by Sept. 30 to register for kindergarten, and 6 years old by that date to register for first grade. In order to register for first grade in Nevada, a student must have completed an approved kindergarten program. Parents of kindergarteners and first-graders who have not yet attended school will need to bring the child’s original birth certificate, immunization record, proof of residence and Social Security number (optional). Families that do not have access to a computer to complete the first part of the registration process may use a computer at their child’s school. Contact the elementary school nearest you for more information. For instructions and detailed information about registering your child for school, visit www.washoecountyschools.org/schools/register.	<urn:uuid:06803656-893c-48d8-89c9-25c79c7dc69c>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://dailysparkstribune.com/view/full_story/18425202/article-Kindergarten-signups-to-start-Monday?instance=home_news_bullets	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368696381249/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516092621-00023-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.935389	257	2.015625	2
By Bridget Weizer Granger Whether you’re managing the production of videos, events or interactive media, your mission should be the same: to meet communication objectives in inspiring ways, on time and on budget. According to Mike Yearling, owner of the Yearling Media Group, great creative and outstanding talent are critical, but behind every success there’s typically something deeper at play: the production process itself. Yearling notes, “Show me a project that aligns the warring siblings of quality, cost and speed, and I’ll bet there is a production process behind it loaded with wisdom.” Through the years, Yearling has come to define ”wisdom” as the ability to avoid the following seven deadly sins of producing: - Not asking the right questions up front. “I’m always struck by how many downstream production issues can be avoided by just asking the right questions before the spending begins,” Yearling noted. - Not squashing creative ambiguities early one. In discussing creative, words are never enough. He advises using images or reviewing past projects as frames of reference. - Basing your budget or timeline on a Utopian dream. “If you know executives will make a lot of changes, plan for it,” said Yearling. “Nice surprise, if it doesn’t happen!” - Not getting work in front of key decision makes early. Better to avoid a complete project reversal days before the project is due. - Spending 80 percent of your budget on the first draft or cut. Rather than build the whole house at once, show rooms along the way. - Not seeing the forest while gazing at the trees. “Approach your communication initiatives as a comprehensive annual program, and not a bunch of separate projects,” noted Yearling. - Not learning from your mistakes. Before rushing off to the next project, take a moment to reflect frankly on this one first. “Your next project will love you for it,” he added.	<urn:uuid:3da9e3f6-6469-4901-89d2-d52210fc546a>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://blog.columbusama.org/?tag=media	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368696383156/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516092623-00061-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.921425	429	1.539063	2
This is the first 1,000 characters of 4653 words (18.61 pages) in the essay titled Colorado River Geographers can tell you that the one thing that most rivers and their adjacent flood plains in the world have in common is that they have rich histories associated with human settlement and development. This especially true in arid regions which are very dependent upon water. Two excellent examples are the Nile and the Tigris-Euphrates rivers which show use the relationship between rivers and concentrations of people. However, the Colorado River is not such a good example along most segments of its course. There is no continuous transportation system that parallels the rivers course, and settlements are clustered. The rugged terrain and entrenched river channels are the major reasons for sparse human settlement. We ask ourselves, did the Colorado River help or hinder settlement in the Western United States? As settlers began to move westward, the Southwest was considered to be a place to avoid. Few considered it a place to traverse, to spread Login to view the complete paper (register below) To view the complete essay NOW: You can view download the complete version of this essay for only $12.00. This is the final price of the essay - there is no extra hidden or fees and no price per page charges. Your purchase is 100% secure. Click on the Paypal icon below and you will have the essay instantaneously. You can view download the complete version of this essay and ALL 40,000 ESSAYS for only $17.95 per month. You will be bill monthly until you cancel your subscription. Your purchase is 100% secure. Click on one of the buttons below and you will have the essay instantaneously. CCBill is the designated E-ticket Supplier and Access Management Provider for FreeEssays.tv Search for Free Essays and Term Papers List of Essays and Term Papers Copyright © 2004- Free Essays.tv. All rights reserved. Cancel Subscription	<urn:uuid:6c05217d-5e9c-4e8c-9c99-5b4ccb7edf14>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.freeessays.tv/a2686.htm	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368699881956/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516102441-00073-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.909782	420	3.109375	3
It’s mid-week (Wednesday). DesignInquiry Montréal is picking up speed. We look at the exoskeletal spiral staircases of Montréal's terraced houses courtesy of a presentation by Amery Calvelli. DI framer Emily Luce examines design’s role in 16th Century geopolitics via point blankets – the iconic wool trade blanket once exchanged for prized animal furs and currently used as a corporate branding by The Bay. Luce casts a clear gaze on the trading patterns of early Québeçois voyageurs’ with First Nations. Her discussion about early design and power-plays segues into present-day politics of the ‘City of Design’. Luce a faculty member of the University of Lethbridge Fine Arts and new Media Department asks us “What happens when you take money and power out of the equation?” and “What does it mean to be a design citizen?” She points out that, “Even UNESCO can't designate just one City of Design. It requires multiple perspectives to more accurately represent the whole picture.” Christopher Moore, Luce’s co-framer, sees the group contributing to a long term project to about how the Cities of Design around the world relate. “I want to bring many people from several viewpoints together to understand my research into the larger study of the UNESCO City of Design…” he explains. The City of Design designation is the central theme of all our research interests. Luce further explains how the group is coalescing, “…each researcher's work contributes to the larger picture of the design city. The kaleidoscopic research effect can produce a variety of finished forms that we can share with larger, more diverse audiences than we ever imagined.” I find it inspiring to be in Montréal where a bounty of meaningful design is sustained by supportive infrastructure. In the last few years I’ve lived in smaller places with little public evidence of design thinking. I believe that is the reality for many communities in Canada. In that context, cultural planning initiatives such as a Creative Cities designation can produce tangible social results. Within cultural planning economic development is typically a parallel goal to help creative industries grow. There are places where this is an asset because it allows artists and designers to practice in the places they live in. Williams Lake, BC collects a small percentage of tax dollars for a ‘Central Cariboo Arts and Culture Function’, the city is using the money to create an artist run centre. In other communities cultural tourism is an alternative to economic development through exploitive resource development. It’s a struggle to create these systems of support from the ground up. Serious designers relocate to the largest cities to have a viable practice. Do these cultural migrations make the City of Design an example of the culturally ‘rich’ getting ‘richer’? What would happen if the same kind of global recognition was given to Dawson City, a town of 1300 people and home to a the Klondike Institute of Art and Culture, the Berton House Writers’ Retreat, several live music venues, art galleries and an international short film festival? Montréal has experienced decades of change including economic downturns, a mass exodus and cultural hegemony along with periods of unrestrained exuberance. The latter is evident as our group travels by Métro to Ile Ste-Hélène to visit Buckminster Fuller’s contribution to Expo 67. Biosphére is a spacey geodesic dome-shaped museum dedicated to the environment. 23 opinionated designers are hushed while gazing up at the lattice-work of the perfect half sphere. It hovers above us like a parked planet. Outside the museum is a demonstration house with a living wall and a ZENN car displayed outside. ZENN is an acronym for – Zero Emissions No Noise. Manufactured in Saint-Jérôme, Quebec (40 kms away). The ZENN is the only car made in Canada. Check out Rick Mercer’s ZENN bit Most of the group heads off to visit 1976 Olympic stadium. There is a sports illustrator in the group Tim Vyner who is sharing his interest in art and large athletic events. His prolific renderings capture moments of time etched into millions of memories. Five of us splinter off for a BIXI ride. Our single file expedition pedals breezily across the Pont de la Concorde. We are modern day voyageurs looking to trade insights for sight-seeing. We sail past Moshe Safdie’s Habitat '67, riding beside the rolling river until we hug the Lachine canal. Sweaty, spandexed commuters pass us intently focused on the clearly marked bike trail. We turn into the heart of the city. Our small procession weaves along Boulevard de Maisonneuve during rush our traffic. As we follow the line of slow moving cars we pass several BIXI docking stations where users can return bikes. Each station is marked by a solar panel mounted on a slim pole – this powers the tracking devices in the bikes. Residents can check the number of bikes at each station online. I notice the docking stations are missing the maps that are usually mounted in a large frame at every station. The blank signs yawn at me like an unblinking eye. BIXI (‘BIke taXI*) is a system designed by Montréaler Michel Dallaire. It fulfills many of the defining points of the City of Design: it utilizes the built environment and shows how local designers can take advantage of urban conditions (from April to November). The BIXI system has become a key component of the City of Montréal’s Transportation Plan and Sustainable Development Plan 2010-2015 which includes actions like; Reduce automobile dependency; Calm traffic; and Help Montréal businesses adopt best practices for sustainable development. We drop off our bikes at one of these map-less docking stations and plunk on a patio to try regional beers with Christine Zoltok, a designer with Communauto a local car sharing organization. Zoltok explains Communauto’s alternative transportation philosophy, “One of the major concepts we promote here is the "transport cocktail" as a transportation solution - that is, a mixture of alternative transportation methods that include public transport, biking, train, carsharing, ridesharing and walking. So all of the players try to work together to cross promote our respective transport systems, and to get people using them together.” I think the ability to design systems to reduce dependency on liquid hydro-carbon fuels is a trait of the sustainable design city. Later that night I claim a towering roll of paper left in the recycling bin and spread it on the floor of my room. In block printing I carefully write out one of the cycling stories I’ve been collecting from DI participants and trim the poster to about the size of the sign holders mounted on BIXI docking stations. By the time I hit rue Ste-Catherine it’s 3am. My heart races as I walk along the street still noisy with traffic and stop at the BIXI docking station at rue Guy. Swiftly, I peel the backing off the double-sided tape I’ve fixed to the back of my sign. With an expansive sweep of my hand I flatten it to the blank sign frame watching over the docking station. I step back and admire the soundbyte of Josh’s cycle story and my hand-made lettering: “I remember we used to play dodge ball on our bikes. I remember getting an old plank of wood we used to have in the yard. I took it an tied it to the top tube with rope and figured if I rode fast enough I would take off like and airplane.” I take a photo. My breath returns to normal and I head back towards the residence. It’s my way of connecting adult riders to the pleasure of riding a bike, instead of hammering out active transportation messages with policy recommendations, pollution analysis, asthma statistics and spouting the brutal politics of fuel extraction. Research about climate protection through behaviour change repeatedly finds that people do not change out of guilt or fear. For example, those who take action to conserve energy generally do so for reasons unconnected to the environment (e.g., to save money). Armed with that knowledge I am playing with the emotional response to childhood joys. This advertising campaign is small but heart-felt. After an afternoon of pedaling around Montréal and learning about its sustainable transportation systems I’m coasting on the possibilities of the Sustainable City of Design.	<urn:uuid:9af9635d-16c0-489b-8b6f-0bc2bbc4ab52>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.design21sdn.com/people/2498/posts/17497	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368696381249/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516092621-00066-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.923902	1,807	1.984375	2
Hamas-linked CAIR is in this press release following the same playbook as the Imam Feisal Abdul Rauf, who goes around saying that the problem isn't Islam, but extremists of all faiths. This little epigram sounds as if it is wise and even axiomatic, but when one stops to think that Muslim "extremists" have perpetrated nearly 20,000 jihad terror attacks since 9/11, while Jewish and Christian extremists have perpetrated none, the agenda begins to be revealed. The equating here of the murderers and the filmmakers is intended to result in censorship laws making it impossible for material critical of Islam to be produced. That's the goal: Sharia laws forbidding criticism of Islam imported into the U.S., rendering us mute and hence defenseless before the advancing jihad. In his prepared statement, CAIR National Executive Director Nihad Awad said: "We condemn the disgraceful killings of the American diplomats in Libya in the strongest terms possible. We also condemn the attack on our nation's diplomatic facilities in Libya and Egypt. The actions of the attackers are totally inexcusable and un-Islamic. "We agree with Secretary Clinton, who said that 'violence like this is no way to honor religion or faith.' The extremists who carried out these attacks deserve punishment, and the extremists who produced and promoted an intentionally inflammatory film deserve condemnation. "Islamic traditions include a number of instances in which the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) had the opportunity to retaliate against those who abused him, but refrained from doing so.... Awad doesn't mention it, but actually, violent attacks against those who are thought to have insulted revered figures of Islam is very much a part of Islam. Islam mandates death for non-Muslim subjects of the Islamic state who mention "something impermissible about Allah, the Prophet (Allah bless him and give him peace), or Islam" ('Umdat al-Salik, o11.10). Such laws go back to passages in the Hadith and Sira in which Muhammad orders the murders of people who have insulted him, including Abu ‘Afak, who was over one hundred years old, and the poetess ‘Asma bint Marwan. Abu ‘Afak was killed in his sleep, in response to Muhammad's question, “Who will avenge me on this scoundrel?” Similarly, Muhammad on another occasion cried out, “Will no one rid me of this daughter of Marwan?” One of his followers, ‘Umayr ibn ‘Adi, went to her house that night, where he found her sleeping next to her children. The youngest, a nursing babe, was in her arms. But that didn’t stop ‘Umayr from murdering her and the baby as well. Muhammad commended him: “You have done a great service to Allah and His Messenger, ‘Umayr!” (Ibn Ishaq, 674-676) Then there was Ka'b bin Al-Ashraf. Muhammad asked: "Who is willing to kill Ka'b bin Al-Ashraf who has hurt Allah and His Apostle?" One of the Muslims, Muhammad bin Maslama answered, "O Allah's Apostle! Would you like that I kill him?" When Muhammad said that he would, Muhammad bin Maslama said, "Then allow me to say a (false) thing (i.e. to deceive Kab)." Muhammad responded: "You may say it." Muhammad bin Maslama duly lied to Ka'b, luring him into his trap, and murdered him. (Sahih Bukhari, volume 5, book 59, number 369)	<urn:uuid:a7d2f7ee-1998-4ce8-bb71-684970203fa5>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.jihadwatch.org/2012/09/hamas-linked-cair-the-extremists-who-carried-out-these-attacks-deserve-punishment-and-the-extremists.html	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368703682988/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516112802-00041-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.961389	762	1.695313	2
How to Pray the Liturgy of the Hours In the Roman Catholic Church priests are required by canon law to pray the entire Liturgy of the Hours each day while deacons are required to pray the morning and evening hours. The practice among religious communities varies according to their rules and constitutions. The Second Vatican Council also exhorted the Christian laity to take up the practice, and as a result, many lay people have begun reciting portions of the Liturgy of the Hours. Current Roman Catholic usage focuses on three major hours and from two to four minor hours: - The Officium lectionis or Office of Readings (formerly Matins ), major hour - Lauds or Morning prayer, major hour - Daytime prayer, which can be one or all of: * Terce or Mid-Morning Prayer * Sext or Midday Prayer * Non or Mid-Afternoon Prayer - Vespers or Evening Prayer, major hour - Compline or Night Prayer All hours, including the minor hours start with the verse Ps 69/70 v.2 (whereas as did all offices before the Council except Matins and Compline) “God come to my assistance, Lord make haste to help me”, followed by the doxology. The verse is omitted if the hour begins with the Invitatory (Lauds or Office of Reading). The Invitatory is the introduction to the first hour said on the current day, whether it be the Office of Readings or Morning Prayer. The opening is followed by a hymn. The hymn is followed by psalmody. The psalmody is followed by a scripture reading. The reading is called a chapter (capitula) if it is short, or a lesson (lectio) if it is long. The reading is followed by a versicle. The hour is closed by an oration followed by a concluding versicle. Other components are included depending on the exact type of hour being celebrated. In each office, the psalms and canticle are framed by antiphons, and each concludes with the traditional Catholic doxology. The major hours consist of the Office of Readings, Morning (or Lauds) and Evening Prayer (or Vespers). The Office of Readings consists of: - opening versicle or invitatory - a hymn - one or two long psalms divided into three parts - a long passage from scripture, usually arranged so that in any one week, all the readings come from the same text - a long hagiographical passage, such as an account of a saint’s martyrdom, or a theological treatise commenting on some aspect of the scriptural reading, or a passage from the documents of the Second Vatican Council - on nights preceding Sundays and feast days, the office may be expanded to a vigil by inserting three Old Testament canticles and a reading from the gospels - the hymn Te Deum (on Sundays, solemnities, and feasts, except in Lent) - the concluding prayer - a short concluding verse (especially when prayed in groups) The character of Morning Prayer is that of praise; of Evening Prayer, that of thanksgiving. Both follow a similar format: - opening versicle or (for morning prayer) the invitatory - a hymn, composed by the Church - two psalms, or parts of psalms with a scriptural canticle. At Morning Prayer, this consists of a psalm of praise, a canticle from the Old Testament, followed by another psalm. At Evenning Prayer this consists of two psalms, or one psalm divided into two parts, and a scriptural canticle taken from the New Testament. - a short passage from scripture - a responsory, typically a verse of scripture, but sometimes liturgical poetry - a canticle taken from the Gospel of Luke: the Canticle of Zechariah (Benedictus) for morning prayer, and the Canticle of Mary (Magnificat) for evening prayer - intercessions, composed by the Church - the Lord’s Prayer - the concluding prayer, composed by the Church - a blessing given by the priest or deacon leading Morning or Evening Prayer, or in the absence of clergy and in individual recitation, a short concluding versicle. An Invitatory precedes the canonical hours of the day beginning with the versicle “Lord, open my lips. And my mouth will proclaim your praise” (Ps 50/51 v.17), and continuing with an antiphon and the Invitatory Psalm, usually Psalm 94/95 . All psalms and canticles are accompanied by antiphons. Unless the Invitatory is used, each Hour begins with the versicle “God, come to my assistance. Lord, make haste to help me” (Ps 69/70 v.2), followed by a hymn. Each Hour concludes with a prayer followed by a short versicle and response. Matins or the Office of Readings is the longest hour. Before Pope St. Pius X’s reform, it involved the recitation of 18 psalms on Sundays and 12 on ferial days. Pope Pius X reduced this to 9 psalms or portions of psalms, still arranged in three “nocturns”, each set of three psalms followed by three short readings, usually three consecutive sections from the same text. Pope Paul VI’s reform reduced the number of psalms or portions of psalms to three, and the readings to two, but lengthened these. On feast days the Te Deum is sung or recited before the concluding prayer. After St. Pius X’s reform, Lauds was reduced to four psalms or portions of psalms and an Old Testament canticle, putting an end to the custom of adding the last three psalms of the Psalter (148-150) at the end of Lauds every day. The number of psalms or portions of psalms is now reduced to two, together with one Old Testament canticle chosen from a wider range than before. After these there is a short reading and response and the singing or recitation of the Benedictus. Vespers has a very similar structure, differing in that Pius X assigned to it five psalms (now reduced to 2 psalms and a New Testament canticle) and the Magnificat took the place of the Benedictus. On some days in Pius X’s arrangement, but now always, there follow Preces or intercessions. In the present arrangement, the Lord’s Prayer is also recited before the concluding prayer. Terce, Sext and None have an identical structure, each with three psalms or portions of psalms. These are followed by a short reading from Scripture, once referred to as a “little chapter” (capitulum) , and by a versicle and response. The Lesser Litany (Kyrie and the Lord’s Prayer) of Pius X’s arrangement have now been omitted. Prime and Compline also were of similar structure, though different from Terce, Sext and None.	<urn:uuid:98482298-c543-4d5d-9e1d-9ab090882f17>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://divineoffice.org/liturgy-of-the-hours/how-to-pray-the-liturgy-of-the-hours/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368696382584/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516092622-00023-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.929784	1,542	3.046875	3
Pumpkin patch, corn maze await public and hordes of students Monday, October 4, 2010 Fall is officially here. The pumpkins have been picked, the corn maze has been meticulously prepared over the past months and the mums are in full bloom at Fischer Pumpkin Patch and Corn Maze. When the corn was just a mere 18 inches tall a company from Utah came in and used GPS locating systems to plot out the design that Kim, Jay and Jena Fischer had decided on for the year. After the company sprays the corn with a chemical that kills the corn in the shape, Kim is charged with keeping the weeds and growth down to keep the shape of the maze. The design this year includes the Missouri Corn Growers Association wording, as Jay became a member of the association this year, a combine and the St. Louis Arch. The maze is about 10 acres in size and takes up to an hour and a half to get through, Kim said. The farm, including just over 20 acres of pumpkins and gourds, is open to the public through mid-November, weather permitting. At the start of October, more than 600 school children were already scheduled to make trips to the farm. “I love having the kids come out and watch them find pumpkins and go through the corn maze,” Kim said. In the 10 years since the pumpkin patch first opened, the seasonal operations have grown to include more staff and attractions. The corn maze was added a few years ago, there are livestock and a corn box for the children along with a multitude of photo opportunities and a hay ride. School and other groups are encouraged to schedule trips during the week. The farm is open to the public from 4-9 p.m. on Friday and from noon-9 p.m. on Saturday and noon-6 p.m. on Sunday. Pumpkins range in price from 50 cents to $15. The corn maze is $6 per person and hay ride $2 per person. Children 2 and younger are free. Fischer Pumpkin Patch and Corn Maze can be found by taking the Jefferson City Airport exit, making a right past TNT (formerly Hoods) then make a left onto Mokane Road and go about 1.5 miles. The farm is located on the left. Kim can be reached at (573) 636-0450 or (573) 694-7670.	<urn:uuid:f62a0592-79bd-40aa-8afa-e6d43a8059e8>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.newstribune.com/news/2010/oct/04/pumpkin-patch-corn-maze-await-public-and-hordes-st/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368710006682/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516131326-00052-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.97097	502	1.664063	2
Theodore Roosevelt (18581919). Through the Brazilian Wilderness. 1914. which two disks, one red and one white, were placed a metre apart. He selected a place which commanded as long vistas as possible up-stream and down, and which therefore might be at the angle of a bend; landed; cut away the branches which obstructed the view; and set up the sighting-poleincidentally encountering maribundi wasps and swarms of biting and singing ants. Lyra, from his station up-stream, with his telemetre established the distance, while Colonel Rondon with the compass took the direction, and made the records. Then they moved on to the point Kermit had left, and Kermit established a new point within their sight. The first half-days work was slow. The general course of the stream was a trifle east of north, but at short intervals it bent and curved literally toward every point of the compass. Kermit landed nearly a hundred times, and we made but nine and a third kilometres. My canoe ran ahead of the surveying canoes. The height of the water made the going easy, for most of the snags and fallen trees were well beneath the surface. Now and then, however, the swift water hurried us toward ripples that marked ugly spikes of sunken timber, or toward uprooted trees that stretched almost across the stream. Then the muscles stood out on the backs and arms of the paddlers as stroke on stroke they urged us away from and past the obstacle. If the leaning or fallen trees were the thorny, slender-stemmed boritana palms, which love the wet, they were often, although plunged beneath the river, in full and vigorous growth, their stems curving upward, and their frond-crowned tops shaken by the rushing water. It was interesting	<urn:uuid:2a0594fa-f765-44d7-8bc3-09b6ad12a17d>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.bartleby.com/174/pages/page251.html	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368704713110/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516114513-00073-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.979116	381	2.6875	3
Officials in both countries say WhatsApp Inc. is going through its users' address books and copying every single phone number before transmitting them to the Mountain View, California-based company's servers. Many communications services ask for access to their customer's address books to help connect them with friends. But under Canadian and Dutch law, personal information belonging to nonusers must be destroyed once it's no longer being used. Canada's Office of the Privacy Commissioner and the Dutch Data Protection Authority also criticized WhatsApp for weak security and sloppy encryption. Emails and Twitter messages sent to WhatsApp weren't immediately returned.	<urn:uuid:84648c9a-f5f4-4702-83a2-fa150ac84ea7>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.montereyherald.com/state/ci_22471730/canada-holland-whatsapp-violates-privacy-norms	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368698924319/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516100844-00038-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.959483	119	2	2
Someone on instructables has posted DIY instructions on how to create a 'Breath Powered USB Charger'. It actually works on the movement of your chest when breathing, and not exhaled air. Using some parts scavenged from an old CD-ROM drive, a simple electronic circuit, and a few rubber bands you will soon be huffing and puffing your way to fully-charged pseudo-useful electronic gadget nirvana.You strap this thing around your chest, and the system uses the slight chest expansion while breathing to get some gears turning, and eventually, a small charge generated. If you wear one to work tell people it's responsible for keeping a "very serious condition" from killing you. Then they'll bring you all sorts of "get well" cookies/flowers/balloons. You take these, discard the cards, and give them to your girlfriend back home. Tell her you love her (even if you don't), and hope for sex. Breath Powered USB Charger and Sex Generator. Breath Powered USB Charger [instructables]	<urn:uuid:64f8afb0-22de-4770-830b-489140869401>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.geekologie.com/2007/11/huff-and-puff-breath-powered-u.php	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368697974692/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516095254-00055-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.931471	219	1.609375	2
I continue to be astounded at the creativity, intelligence and sheer tenacity of individuals who self-identify as “mad” or “crazy.” (I’ve explored the word “crazy” and its reclamation in an earlier post.) Witness the current dialogue around creating a Mad Pride flag. I recently became aware of this exchange, and of the Mad Pride movement, through an excellent blog post by Richard-Yves Sitoski, Designing the Mad Pride Flag. A little background In an effort to familiarize myself with the Mad Pride phenomenon, I read Dr. John Grohol’s post, Mad Pride Movement Meets in Toronto. I’m attracted to the aspects of Mad Pride that speak to restoring human rights and personal dignity, and to its goals of removing stigma and celebrating our authentic selves. However, there appears to be a strong contingent of this movement who vilify the psychiatric and pharmapsychology paradigms outright. “…we all have one thing that unites us: the need to be acknowledged, respected and listened to by those in the medical community and indeed by anyone in a position of power.” ~ Richard-Yves Sitoski On this aspect, I tend to agree with Dr. Grohol that it’s not helpful to indulge in “us” versus “them” arguments. Like Grohol, I’d prefer to think of it as us AND them, as we work together to make lives better on an individual basis. We’re all different; not just physiologically, but in terms of our values and beliefs. Our individual rights to choose the path that’s best for us should be upheld, with the caveat that others must not be harmed by our personal choices. Go to the source(s) Regardless of the variety of viewpoints represented within the Mad Pride movement, my interest was immediately piqued by the thoughtful, creative and respectful approach demonstrated by those undertaking the task to create a flag to represent the Mad Pride movement in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. To give but one example, here’s Sitoski’s explanation of the thought process around how many stripes to use in the flag’s design: The number of stripes was an issue. Should we base it on the international ICD 10 classification of 10+1 categories? Or the DSM-IV’s 17-and-change? Either would have been unwieldy. And wrong. We’re not who we are because of some pseudo-empirical 3rd-party system of categories and rubrics. We simply are. A conversation with the designer Tomorrow, in Waving the Pride Flag, Part II, I’ll share my conversation with flag designer Saraƒin, who heads the flag-creation campaign. Saraƒin invites anyone who’s interested to join in the process. You can send your comments, input, or even your own design ideas to: email@example.com Don’t miss tomorrow’s post where we’ll learn more about the ideas behind Mad Pride and its ingenious flag creator! This post currently has You can read the comments or leave your own thoughts. Last reviewed: 17 Nov 2011	<urn:uuid:41fd590b-4dd6-4204-bbbb-253c325aa471>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://blogs.psychcentral.com/adhd-zoe/2011/11/waving-the-mad-pride-flag-part-i/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368696381249/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516092621-00069-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.922263	690	2	2
Northwest Voices \| Letters to the Editor Horse slaughter banned in Snohomish County Honor the majestic creatures The Seattle Times article “Snohomish County Council bans slaughter of horses for food” [NWWednesday, Dec. 19] was interesting, yet I felt like it didn't really tell the whole story. The quotes in the article left me with no respect for Jack Field, Wayne Lindahl and everyone else who is involved in that cruel industry. One comment that really ticked me off was Field's comment that decision makers should not allow "emotion to cloud science and good judgment on this issue. You mention horses and people think of these great majestic animals with their mane and tail blowing in the wind.” Yes, people do think of majestic creatures when they think of horses because that’s what horses are. But no one involved in the horse-slaughter industry has given the horses any of the respect they deserve. Field mentions that these majestic creatures are different from the horses that are slaughtered, but those horses are majestic, too. —Isabel Martinez, Seattle	<urn:uuid:cbca9ffa-bba6-46c8-98c9-980c3761f544>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://seattletimes.com/html/northwestvoices/2020061228_horseslaughter6lets.html	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368706153698/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516120913-00002-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.957534	231	1.828125	2
05.04.2007Verdict in "Charlie Hebdo" Satirical Newspaper CaseWhen in Doubt, Choose Freedom of SpeechThe majority of the French press breathed a great sigh of relief when Philippe Val, editor of satirical weekly newspaper "Charlie Hebdo", was acquitted after being brought to trial for reprinting the controversial Muhammad caricatures. Bernard Schmid reports from Paris French Muslims had sued "Charlie Hebdo" for reprinting the "Mohammed cartoons". The ensuing lawsuit saw a quasi-philosophical debate on the freedom of the press A great deal was hanging upon a verdict that was eagerly awaited by the French media. Most newspapers and magazines after all had nailed their colours to the mast in support of Charlie Hebdo. For many journalists, therefore, the judgement of March 22 was one to be viewed with satisfaction – Philippe Val's acquittal having amounted to a successful defence of the principle of the "right to satire". This was an issue for the left-wing liberal daily Libération, for example, which in a leader article in February 2006 had given its own reasons for not publishing the Muhammad caricatures, claiming that some of these were tasteless and insulting to Muslims. At the same time, however, the editorial also stressed the importance of defending the right to freedom of expression. Tendency towards self-censorship On the other hand, "Plantu", probably France's best-known cartoonist, who has worked for the liberal evening paper Le Monde for decades, took up a minority position on the issue. In contrast to the attitude of most of the papers, he does not see the freedom of the press as having been strengthened by the verdict. For him, it's much more a case of regretting that the trial had to take place at all. With the debate on the caricatures having "wrongly" given Muslims the feeling that they were collectively under attack, this verdict would now be perceived as a "new affront". He fears that it may in the future lead to an increasing tendency towards self-censorship in the minds of journalists, even when there are not necessarily any legal consequences to be feared. Several Muslim organisations had brought charges against the editorship of Charlie Hebdo. Through the reprinting of the caricatures it was claimed, the newspaper had collectively stigmatised Muslims in France as well as in other countries simply "because of their adherence to a particular religion". Defamation of this kind is a punishable offence under several articles of French media law ("law of 29th July 1881 on freedom of the press"). Offenders in such cases of defamation of groups on the basis of their "belonging to or not belonging to a particular ethnic group, nation, race or religion" face a possible penalty of up to one year's imprisonment or a fine of up to 45,000 euros. It was the reprinting of the caricature by Kurt Westergaard, which had formerly appeared in the Danish newspaper Jyllands Posten which caused the greatest furore. It shows the prophet Muhammad with turban in the form of a bomb – complete with burning fuse. This, according to the complainants, suggested that all Muslims were potential terrorists. The Prophet "overwhelmed by fundamentalists" Charlie Hebdo defended its position by making reference to its basic principles, which although anti-clerical, also emphasised the need to fight against racism. Given that the paper's own title page from February 8th 2006, depicted a Prophet who, according to the accompanying caption has been, "overwhelmed by fundamentalists" and is complaining bitterly about being loved by "fools", there could, they argued, be no doubt "as to how the publication was meant to be interpreted." Philippe Val's acquittal was seen by many as a successful defence of the principle of the "right to satire" The abuse of the Islamic religion by political groups which claim to be acting in its name was what was being criticised – there was no intention to defame the world's 1.2 billion Muslims. There was in any case little doubt that the verdict would find in the accused's favour, given that the prosecutor, representing the French public prosecutor's office, had also recommended acquittal following the two-day trial. From the start, the hearing had taken a course that made a conviction seem an extremely unlikely outcome. Age-old European image Nevertheless, one of the three incriminating caricatures in particular was to remain a source of controversial debate. The above-mentioned sketch featuring the bomb turban and its suggestion of a link between Islam as religion and current terrorism. Several of the prominent public figures who had been invited as defence witnesses by the Charlie Hebdo journalists or by their lawyer also appeared to be rather reticent when it came to giving their opinions on this caricature. The francophone Tunisian philosopher and Islam expert Abdelwahab Meddeb, for example, who confesses to being an atheist, or at least agnostic, declared that the caricature might indeed be construed as insulting for some people. This kind of representation of the Prophet of Islam was one, he said, that went back to an age-old European image of the Muslim religion as a fanatical, warlike and cruel rival to the West. The meaning of the context But in order to engage with Islam in a meaningful way, it was necessary to acquire a thorough knowledge of the religion; it must not be superficially judged. Meddeb, though, was also careful to make it clear that he defended the right of Charlie Hebdo's editors to print the cartoons, because by doing so they were acting in the interests of freedom of speech and public debate. The judges had similar points to make in their summing up. In their reasons for the judgement, they first acknowledged that "this drawing – viewed in isolation – could be taken as a general affront to the followers of this religious faith" or as something that characterised them as potentially dangerous. However the caricature "could not be treated as something detached from the context of its publication." The Paris court ruled that, in the context of the accompanying articles and of the tradition of the satirical paper, there had been "no deliberate intention of directly and gratuitously offending the Muslim community". © Qantara.de 2007 Translated from the German by Ron Walker	<urn:uuid:2cb6a63d-1abb-44a2-997c-5fb66f1a525f>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://en.qantara.de/When-in-Doubt-Choose-Freedom-of-Speech/6477c157/index.html	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368704392896/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516113952-00072-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.978086	1,293	2.203125	2