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Soda breads are hearty Irish staples - wholemeal flour with large flakes of bran and wheat germ, or white flour or a mixture leavened with baking soda and moistened with buttermilk. The acid in the buttermilk reacts with the baking soda, which is an alkali, creating bubbles of carbon dioxide which rise the bread. Soda breads have the heft of a yeast bread but are made in minutes and the dough can be shaped into scones or a round loaf, depending on the occasion. Originally it would have been baked in a bastible (pot oven) over the open fire.
» Whole-Wheat Irish Soda Bread | <urn:uuid:d67dad7a-660d-46a0-831f-5d85cf46cc0b> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.eatingwell.com/recipes_menus/collections/healthy_irish_recipes?quicktabs_1=3?quicktabs_1=3 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368708142388/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516124222-00022-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.94543 | 134 | 1.867188 | 2 |
Anse Cafard Slave Memorial
- Type: Monuments and Memorials, Sightseeing
- Time to Spend: Less than 1 hour
|About these ratings|
High on a hill in southwest Martinique are 20 white stone effigies, silently facing Diamond Beach and the Caribbean Sea. They commemorate an 1830 catastrophe when a slave ship failed to properly anchor in Anse Cafard and careened into Martinique's Diamond Rock Mountain, killing many of the passengers and sailors as well as the slaves who were chained to the cargo hold. The chilling statues at this memorial are a popular stop and photo-op for many, and although the monument has suffered some wear and tear, you too won't be disappointed with the overall effect.
An IgoUgo.com user says the memorial epitomizes Martinique with its ocean backdrop and unique context: "To me, it also epitomizes exactly what a memorial should be -- simple and moving, both in and of itself and in the context of its surroundings," he continues. "It's an absolute must-see for any visitor to the island, history buff or not."
You can visit the Anse Cafard Slave Memorial at all hours of the day, any day of the week. | <urn:uuid:2a71d9b7-cdc1-4a48-8278-94cdbfd18e09> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://travel.usnews.com/Martinique/Things_To_Do/Anse_Cafard_Slave_Memorial_61116/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368706499548/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516121459-00037-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.945589 | 253 | 2.515625 | 3 |
Preston - The Hollands don't always have time to get together and cut down their own Christmas tree. They still joke about the year Mike Holland, a Navy submarine officer, didn't get one until Christmas Eve. At Walmart.
"It was not in the best of shape," he recalled.
But this year the family made the trip from Gales Ferry to Maple Lane Farms in Preston on a quiet weekday afternoon.
"It's good to get out with the family," Holland said, trekking through the fields with his wife and three daughters, reviewing the trees with a critical eye.
Some were too skinny. Others, too sparse. But the family quickly settled on a nicely shaped fir, taking turns with the saw before hauling it home.
"A lot of it's tradition, the family tradition of coming out to cut your own," said farm owner Allyn Brown III. "We have the same families ... we've seen the kids grow up from infants. Now they're bringing their kids."
On the weekends at the farm, tree-hunters eat cookies, sip hot chocolate or cider and warm up by a wood stove.
But Brown said customers also come to the farm to get a tree that's as fresh as possible, as opposed to those sold at stores, which may have been cut down a month earlier.
Brown has been growing and selling Christmas trees since the mid-1970s. It was his first crop, ideal for the rocky land and fairly easy to maintain.
"You plant it once and it's set for eight years," he said.
Brown now grows strawberries, blueberries, raspberries, apples and pumpkins in addition to raising oyster-shell mushrooms and black currants to make juice.
But the tree-growing business hasn't changed much. Despite a dry summer, Brown said, the wet spring made this year a good growing season. The trees have good color.
The farm now grows only fir trees - Fraser, balsam, Canaan and concolor - because they have the best needle retention, Brown said.
"We got away from the spruces, which tend to not hold their needles well," he said.
The balsams are known for their traditional Christmas tree scent, while the Fraser has less of a scent but good needle retention and firmer branches. The concolor has a citrus odor, while the Canaan has a little longer needle than a balsam and stiffer branches.
Brown said there are "a lot of myths out there" about how to make a tree last, but he recommends sticking to the basics.
"Basically it's very simple:…Keep it watered," he said.
If the water runs out, the tree will seal up and won't take up water again. Adding warm water can help, but "we don't advocate anything like adding aspirin or sugar."
"Nothing," Brown said, "has ever been proven to really help." | <urn:uuid:e46248ee-57e1-4f6a-b8bc-377827ecccf3> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://theday.com/article/20101211/NWS01/312119827/0/media05 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368708142388/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516124222-00015-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.98082 | 606 | 1.59375 | 2 |
Google is updating its Android operating system to fix an issue that is believed to have left millions of smartphones and tablets vulnerable to personal data leaks.
"We recently started rolling out a fix which addresses a potential security flaw that could, under certain circumstances, allow a third party access to data available in calendar and contacts," a Google spokesman said in a statement. "This fix requires no action from users and will roll out globally over the next few days."
According researchers at Germany's University of Ulm, the Android phones had a flaw that could allow hackers to steal a user's personal data.
"The implications of this vulnerability reach from disclosure to loss of personal information for the Calendar data," Ulm researchers Bastian K?nings, Jens Nickels and Florian Schaub wrote in their report.
The flaw affected 99.7% of all Android smartphones and was not limited to Google Calendar and contacts, "but is theoretically feasible with all Google services," the University of Ulm said.
Among the weaknesses mentioned in the report was ClientLogin, which is Android's system to authenticate apps.
More information on the Android flaw is available here | <urn:uuid:1ba47f65-0be4-4752-869d-d5808c8cefc0> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.cdrinfo.com/Sections/News/Details.aspx?NewsId=30280 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368706153698/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516120913-00031-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.949635 | 234 | 1.679688 | 2 |
Milena Pavlovic Barili [gallery d]
Milena Pavlovic Barili was a Serbian painter and poet. She was born in Pozarevac, Serbia, 1909. Her father was an influential Italian composer and writer, while her mother was a school teacher. Milena graduated at the Royal School of Arts in Belgrade, Serbia, in 1926. and Munich Art Academy in 1928.
Milena Pavlovic Barili left Serbia in the early 1930s. She lived in Spain, Rome, Paris and London. In Europe she socialised with the likes of Andre Breton and Jean Cocteau, and befriended with Giorgio de Chirico whose paintings had great influence on her work. In 1939. she left Europe and went to United States. She lived in New York and worked as a designer for different fashion magazines. She died in New York in a a horse riding accident in 1945.
Work of Milena Pavlovic Barili can be seen in the context of the so-called “return to order”, which was a predominant stream in European art of twenties and thirties. Lazar Trifunovic considers her art belongs to Surrealism. Miodrag B. Protic finds three different periods in her career: “Munich period” (1928-1932), “antique period” (1932-1936) and “Renaissance period” (1936-1945). Her painting is, similarly to her poetry, magical and enigmatic, with a few motifs that are constantly being repeated in her paintings: broken vase, lamp, female portraits (or her self-portrait). Inspiration for her style can be found in stylization typical for fashion magazines (where she worked as a designer), in painting of old Spanish masters – Velásquez, Goya, Bosh. Most of all she was influenced by Giorgio de Chirico.
Many of her works are included in permanent collections in Rome, New York, the Belgrade Museum of Contemporary Art and her hometown of Požarevac. The house in which she was born has been converted into a museum honoring her work.
Milena Pavlović-BariliFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaMilena Pavlović-Barili (alt. Barilli) (Ser...
Rođena u Požarevcu 1909.god. kao jedino dete požarevačke učiteljice Danice Pavlović i italijanskog ko...
Gallery of Milena Pavlovic Barili The true temple of art housed in the birthplace of the great painte...
The true temple of art housed in the birthplace of the great painter, allows visitors to learn about ...
Narodni muzej u Požarevcu
Narodni muzej u Požarevcu
U pešačkoj zoni u centru Požarevca, na Starom korzou, otvorena je Gradska galerija - novi izložbeni p...
Europe is generally agreed to be the birthplace of western culture, including such legendary innovations as the democratic nation-state, football and tomato sauce.
The word Europe comes from the Greek goddess Europa, who was kidnapped by Zeus and plunked down on the island of Crete. Europa gradually changed from referring to mainland Greece until it extended finally to include Norway and Russia.
Don't be confused that Europe is called a continent without looking like an island, the way the other continents do. It's okay. The Ural mountains have steadily been there to divide Europe from Asia for the last 250 million years. Russia technically inhabits "Eurasia".
Europe is presently uniting into one political and economic zone with a common currency called the Euro. The European Union originated in 1993 and is now composed of 27 member states. Its headquarters is in Brussels, Belgium.
Do not confuse the EU with the Council of Europe, which has 47 member states and dates to 1949. These two bodies share the same flag, national anthem, and mission of integrating Europe. The headquarters of the Council are located in Strasbourg, France, and it is most famous for its European Court of Human Rights.
In spite of these two bodies, there is still no single Constitution or set of laws applying to all the countries of Europe. Debate rages over the role of the EU in regards to national sovereignty. As of January 2009, the Lisbon Treaty is the closest thing to a European Constitution, yet it has not been approved by all the EU states.
Text by Steve Smith. | <urn:uuid:84214152-a74a-4dd2-8150-182657768d16> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.360cities.net/en/image/milena-pavlovic-barili-d | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368701459211/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516105059-00074-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.956876 | 980 | 2.25 | 2 |
Originally Posted by potemkin_city_limits
Does it actually matter which number you use to measure the leg opening? The fact that 9" flat = 18" around means that either number works.
To answer your weird and pointless question, when I take a pair of pants in to my tailor I tell her I want the hem to be 7.75" which she is free to either keep as 7.75" or delve into the extremely complex mathematical equivalent by simply multiplying by 2.
the issue which spawned his question was the op's statement that his leg opening was one inch too wide.
Whether we are talking about the flat across measurement or the actual circumference makes a big different when talking about how many inches too big it is.
Saying you want a 7.75 inch leg opening is obviously interpreted as the flat across measurement, but if you told your tailor to remove one inch, it is important to be on the same page about whether that inch will be taken from the circumference of the flat measurement.
Next time, give the question some thought before making an ass of yourself. | <urn:uuid:68adc54a-608e-4a28-8f37-10b7b9473364> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.styleforum.net/t/250370/i-just-walked-out-of-my-tailors-without-any-pants-on/15 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368703682988/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516112802-00065-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.973841 | 223 | 1.671875 | 2 |
Although appendicitis is more common in younger age groups, it is still an important cause of abdominal pain in the elderly. Perhaps due to a diminished inflammatory response, the elderly can present with less impressive symptoms and physical signs, longer duration of symptoms, and decreased leukocytosis compared to younger patients. Perforation is thus more common, occurring in as many as 50% of patients over age 65. These patients may have cardiac, pulmonary, and renal conditions resulting in considerable morbidity and mortality from perforation. In one series, the mortality from perforated appendicitis in patients over age 80 was 21%.These factors argue that right lower quadrant pain in elderly patients must be aggressively investigated. Due to the multiple other possible causes of abdominal pain in this patient population (including malignancy, diverticulitis, and perforated peptic ulcer disease), prompt CT scan is advocated when the diagnosis is in question. | <urn:uuid:630167da-ee65-4fc7-9fde-1db8a4bd3a36> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.appendicitisreview.com/content/elderly/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368711005985/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516133005-00057-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.949867 | 191 | 2.25 | 2 |
Europe gained the leadership in world culture, not by its material wealth,
but by its pre-eminence in the things of the mind in science and
literature and ideas. It created the ideals which the rest of the world
followed. If modern democracy were to involve giving up this mission and
abandoning spiritual leadership for material satisfaction, then it would
justly mean the decline of Western culture.
But as we have seen, democracy is by no means essentially materialistic;
the democratic movement was founded on idealism, and if it is losing its
ideals that is not the fault of the people as a whole. One of the most
acute critics of modern tendencies, M. Lucien Romier, has written as follows:
The modern masses are not closed to ideas, but they
want them and understand them only within the limits of their own experience
and their own most constant and vital preoccupations. The problem is
not to level all thought down to mass tendencies, but to answer the
questions put by the masses. If the pure scientist or the philosopher
who is capable of originality and leadership refuses to answer
then some slave of the crowd, some low journalist or venal politician,
anxious for popularity and profit, will answer instead.
This is the vital problem of democracy, the problem of spiritual leadership.
We need men who are something more than cunning manipulators of the political
and economic machine, men who stand not for success or material efficiency,
but for the old Christian ideals of faith, hope and charity.
And it is not only religious people who feel this. Even a thorough sceptic
and modernist like Bertrand Russell is just as convinced as we are that
if modern society goes on putting power and economic efficiency above
spiritual values, it will end in disaster. This is what he says:
Our world has a heritage of culture and beauty, but
unfortunately we have been handing on this heritage only to the less
active and important members of each generation. The government of the
world (by which I do not mean its ministerial posts, but its key positions
of power) has been allowed to fall into the hands of men ignorant of
the past, without tenderness to what is traditional, without understanding
of what they are destroying.
And consequently the new society that is arising, based on pure economic
and scientific technology, is a society that is
incompatible with the pursuit of truth, with love,
with art, with spontaneous delight with every ideal that men have cherished
with the sole exception of ascetic renunciation.
It is impossible to state the issue more clearly. The society that exists
for wealth and power alone may attain a kind of greatness, but it is the
greatness of despotism, not that of a democracy.
Christopher Dawson (b. 1889)
from The Modern Dilemma (1932)
quoted in Return to Tradition: A Directive
Anthology pp. 311f
ed. Francis Beauchesne Thornton | <urn:uuid:63af15d5-322b-42b1-85c7-895a0c84e51b> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://theviewfromthecore.com/20020617/prose.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368696383156/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516092623-00042-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.95558 | 633 | 2.109375 | 2 |
The History of the Sign: The Post-war Years
With characteristic resilience, Hollywood soon managed a successful transition to the small screen. TV companies flocked westward and snatched up old studios and lots, and by 1950 more sound stages were producing television than movies.
Around this same time, the Hollywood Sign was undergoing a major transition of its own.
In 1949, the Hollywood Chamber of Commerce finally came to the rescue of the ailing Sign, removing the letters that spelled “LAND” and repairing the rest, including the recently toppled “H.”
As the century hit the halfway mark, a leaner, cleaner Sign was reintroduced in its now-iconic form. | <urn:uuid:fcb95604-3755-43ff-a4f2-944409c2498c> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.hollywoodsign.org/the-history-of-the-sign/the-postwar-years/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368702810651/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516111330-00020-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.968112 | 142 | 2.96875 | 3 |
Monday, February 25, 2008
The Wikipedia Vandalism History of Sergey Brin
Sergey Brin’s entry on Wikipedia
dates back to 2002. Checking the Wikipedia history function, you can retrieve any state the page was in. Including its modest start with nothing but the words “One of the founders of Google internet search engine.”
Checking the history, you can also see all the temporary vandalized states of the entry. The history of Brin article vandalism, editorializing or other non-Wikipedia-approved approaches includes (with vandal writing often removed as swiftly as it’s introduced):
- “is he lucky or smart or both?”
- “As Google is nearing its IPO, Sergey is bound to become a billionaire soon. That is yet another testimony that with good brains, good attitude and hard work, the sky is the limit for a young man in the Internet economy.”
- “Died in Moscow, Russia, Sergey Brin received his Bachelor of Science in computer science and mathematics from ...”
- “He is sexy.”
- “Sergey Brin and Lari Page haves Gold Stars in e-Alley of Glori in Internet ...”
Vandals are often not logged in to Wikipedia, so only their IP address shows. Sometimes, vandalism is sneaked in as seemingly subtle edit. Using the version comparison functionality of Wikipedia, you can however still quickly locate the edit. Try to find the vandalism in this paragraph:
- “The defining moment for Sergey, however, was when he met future co-president of Google, Larry Page. Sergey was assigned to show Larry around the university on a weekend tour. Reportedly, they did not get on well to begin with, arguing about every topic they discussed and even throwing a number of pies at each other. However, they soon found a common interest: retrieving relevant information about pies from large data sets.
As another example, the sentence “Sergey was assigned to show Larry around the university on a weekend tour” was briefly changed to “Sergey was assigned to show Larry around his bedroom on a weekend tour.” Other edits are a little less subtle, like the following one:
- “In July of 2006, Sergey revealed that he is homosexual and dating with Jimmy Wales.”
Not all edits which get reverted are pure trolling. Some people just get carried away and become too subjective. In the following passage, statements which were added and then removed are shown in bold:
- “The paper has since gone on to become the tenth most accessed scientific paper at Stanford University, an achievement in itself!”
- “Although Sergey Brin himself graduated from the University of Maryland, College Park, his company Google Inc. has a track record for hiring only ivy league or other elite school graduates. Some criticize Brin for not staying true to his state-school roots and recognizing the talent that can be found within state institutions.“
A lot of edits which are then undone by other editors are also just additions of URLs, like repeated tries to add “www.mysergeybrin.com” as the “homepage” of Sergey Brin. Sometimes, people also just confuse the entry with the Wikipedia talk page, where discussions should be moved. The entry “not right bub” below a paragraph was created at 0:22 on March 8, 2007, enjoying its time in the spotlight for roughly an hour before it was removed.
For some time in 2007, the entry was also protected, judging from certain Wikipedian comments. Not long after the protection was removed, the request “To all who love Sergey Brin – stop blocking him Please. MySergeyBrin.com” appeared, and was trashed 2 minutes later. The following entry appeared on Wikipedia a little longer, at around 46 minutes:
- “after larry and brin invented google they sold it to a better company names addictinggames.com and changes go a new web called froogle ... now google company gave all there money to a person named aweriucghdasfg now everyone died after that”
>> More posts
This site unofficially covers Google™ and more with some rights reserved. Join our forum! | <urn:uuid:84f86335-d6f5-4ced-aa76-5c002ff7f69e> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://blogoscoped.com/archive/2008-02-25-n67.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368703682988/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516112802-00051-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.970031 | 898 | 2.515625 | 3 |
Space - Read Alone Information Book
Last updated 29 January 2013, created 06 May 2010, viewed 30,407
One of a set of TESiboard ( http://tesiboard.co.uk ), non-fiction, interactive information books. This specific book contains information about space. There are two differentiated versions; the ‘Read Alone’ is written with more detail and minimal sound support. (Also see Listen and Read version.) Th More…e links in the text navigate to other pages containing related items. Click on the 'eye' to see a pop-up of a feature with its definition. | <urn:uuid:60d8c26f-bf2c-4040-8b4f-bc8cad05c0a8> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.tes.co.uk/teaching-resource/Space-Read-Alone-Information-Book-6042921/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368706153698/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516120913-00012-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.908006 | 125 | 2.03125 | 2 |
Council members in Wayne are beginning to choose sides in a debate that may lead to a loosening of strict chicken regulations.
On Wednesday night, Councilman Joseph Schweighardt, who said he had three hens growing up in Clifton, came out strong against more lenient regulations, which have been endorsed by the township administration and Environmental Commission, on Wednesday night regarding backyard chickens.
The township administration proposed a zoning change in December that would allow chickens on smaller lots, but the Township Council did not vote on the changes. The council approved the zoning changes sans chickens Wednesday.
Schweighardt said chickens can cause bad odors and could affect human health because of several diseases and health conditions humans could catch from close contact with birds. Schwieghardt said he wanted to see chickens limited to farms or larger pieces of property in Wayne.
Currently, 25 chicken hens are allowed on lots of at least 2 acres.
Councilwoman Lonni Miller Ryan, who is in favor of creating a more lax standard, said she was concerned with the smell of manure that at least one resident – Victor Alfieri — wants to use in compost for his gardens. Alfieri said specific chicken feeds are designed to neutralize odors, but Ryan fears the ingredients are not standard in all feeds.
The eggs from hens are a critical piece of a diet for people who are concerned with the source of their food. Erica Evans, the president of North Jersey Locavores has this to say in a e-mailed statement last week:
“Having backyard chicken flocks is just as important as growing your own produce! The whole point of the eat local movement is to do just that: eat local. That includes everything from produce to protein. So, backyard chickens are of utmost importance. Eggs from pasture-raised chickens are healthier for you with the proper ratio of omega-3s to omega-6s, they taste better, and you get the freshest eggs from your own small backyard flock everyday. Doesn’t get more local than that.”
With resistance to backyard flocks beginning to mount advocates for hens are also making themselves heard.
“We all need to start thinking about sustainability,” Councilman Al Sadowski said Thursday. “And I think something like (raising chicken hens) can work as long as the right controls are in place.” | <urn:uuid:910dfa5f-6dbe-488b-8325-9987fb2e2281> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://blog.northjersey.com/passaicposts/page/2/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368711005985/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516133005-00025-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.967082 | 492 | 2.015625 | 2 |
Thunderstorms, some severe, this afternoon through this evening; storms can bring downpours, large hail, damaging winds and a tornado Details >
May 19, 2013; 3:55 PM ET Thunderstorms, some severe, tomorrow afternoon through tomorrow evening; storms can bring downpours, large hail, damaging winds and a tornado
More than 20 tornadoes were reported by the National Weather Service with hundreds of hail and wind reports Sunday afternoon through Sunday night.
Short-Range Weather forecast overview for the South Central United States
AccuWeather.com Meteorologists are tracking severe thunderstorms which are developing across the Plains. | <urn:uuid:d2cd3481-9cee-453e-a013-2c2e4c45802e> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.accuweather.com/en/us/eureka-ks/67045/weather-forecast/333159 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368698924319/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516100844-00016-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.928431 | 126 | 1.695313 | 2 |
Fri June 8, 2012
What Happens When Two Galaxies Collide?
Originally published on Fri June 8, 2012 12:57 pm
IRA FLATOW, HOST:
This is SCIENCE FRIDAY. I'm Ira Flatow. If you look up in the sky at night, especially later this year, you can spot the Andromeda Galaxy, it's a small cloudy smudge in space. It's our galaxy, the Milky Way's closest galactic neighbor, about two and a half million light years away.
But if you keep watching it, yeah, go ahead, over time, keep watching it night after night, ooh, it's headed straight to us, but you're going to have to watch it for a long time because - you have to crane your neck for about four billion years before it smacks right into the Milky Way.
So how is this collision going to change our galaxy and the solar system that we live in for that matter? Will there be life on Earth four billion years from now? Here to talk about it is my guest, Roeland van der Marel. He is an astronomer at the Space Telescope Science Institute in Baltimore, Maryland, and research appears in the latest issue of the Astrophysical Journal. Welcome to SCIENCE FRIDAY.
ROELAND VAN DER MAREL: Good afternoon, Ira.
FLATOW: Is this going to be a violent collision?
MAREL: Yeah, as these things go, it probably will be. Our Milky Way and the Andromeda Galaxy are roughly equally big. Both have lots of stars in them. Each galaxy has, you know, over, you know, 100 billion stars in them. These galaxies are going to run into each other, and this is going to totally reshape them.
So in that sense it's going to be very violent. It's not going to be violent in the sense that individual stars will run into each other because these galaxies have a lot of empty space in them, and most of the individual stars will actually pass by each other.
So our sun will survive, but our galaxy as a whole will be totally reshaped.
FLATOW: So we actually have a picture on our website, at sciencefriday.com, of what it might look like. It's a NASA drawing. Now, aren't there black holes at the centers of galaxies? I mean, don't we know one's at the Milky Way's? Is there one in Andromeda also?
MAREL: Yeah, we actually know fairly certain that both of these galaxies have a black hole in their center. That's not particularly unusual. We think many or maybe all galaxies have such a super-massive black hole in their center. The one in the center of our Milky Way is about a million times as massive as our sun. The one in the center of Andromeda is about 10 million times as massive as our sun.
When these galaxies run into each other, ultimately the black holes will slowly spiral in towards each other, and they will merge, and this will be a particularly interesting event. It'll lead to the formation of one bigger black hole, and it'll also produce what is known as gravitational radiation, gravitational waves, which astronomers have yet to detect, and physicists, but we are fairly certain exists based on Einstein's Theory of Relativity.
FLATOW: And how fast is the Andromeda headed toward us?
MAREL: Well, we've known for about 100 years that it's coming closer to us at a rate of about 250,000 miles an hour. Andromeda was actually the first galaxy in the universe for which it was possible to measure its relative motion, and interestingly, it was found to come towards us.
We live in an expanding universe, and almost all other galaxies are moving away from us. And the reason it's moving towards us is that the Milky Way and Andromeda are particularly close and particularly massive, so even though they started out expanding away from each other when the universe was young, they've actually pulled on each other hard enough that they're falling back together.
Now, what astronomers didn't know is what the sideways motion is of Andromeda with respect to us. So the velocity, you really need to know in three dimensions. The fact that the distance is getting shorter with time doesn't necessarily mean Andromeda is heading straight for us. There might be a sideways component to the motion, and that's what we've now been able to measure for the very first time.
FLATOW: That it's not going to slip by, it's going to hit us head-on.
MAREL: Indeed. Astronomers have certainly speculated it might be hitting us head-on, but this was never known. If the velocity had had a significant sideways component, it would have been a more elliptical orbit, and the galaxies would have missed each other and not directly collided. As it turns out from our measurement, we find that to within the accuracy with which we can measure this, Andromeda is actually heading straight in our direction.
So what that means is that, you know, there will be either very close passage or a completely direct hit some four billion years from now. And then six billion years from now, the galaxies will merge together to form one new galaxy, which will have a very different shape than the galaxies currently have.
FLATOW: And what shape might that be?
MAREL: Well, so today, our Milky Way is a flat, rotating system, sort of like a Frisbee. It's spinning, and the reason the Milky Way appears to us on the sky as a luminous band of light is that we sort of see a luminous system from the side. It's a flat system, we see it from the side, it appears to us as a band.
Our galaxy is also a spiral galaxy, and all of this is very similar to Andromeda. Andromeda is also a spiral galaxy, it's a flat, spinning disk. When these galaxies hit each other, the stars will really be jostled about, and their orbits will be randomized. So this creates a new galaxy, which has a more three-dimensional shape.
It'll be what we call an elliptical galaxy, and the individual stars will not simply be rotating around in circles anymore. They will be on a wide range of possible orbits, many quite elliptical. So this galaxy will look fairly different than the galaxies look today.
FLATOW: A little more chaotic?
MAREL: Well, actually on the sky, we know of other elliptical galaxies in the universe around us, and we actually think this is one mechanism for forming such galaxies. On the sky, these things look fairly smooth. It just looks like a smooth sort of clump of light, sort of American football-shaped.
So they don't look chaotic. The orbits certainly are more chaotic. Our Milky Way is sort of like a bigger version of our solar system. Things are just going around nicely in circles, everything goes in the same direction. So in that sense it's very ordered. An elliptical galaxy, you know, some stars rotate one way, other stars rotate another way. Some stars are in very elliptical orbits. So there's a much bigger variety of things.
But if you look at it from the outside, it actually looks much smoother than a spiral galaxy does, which looks fairly patchy and has these spiral patterns.
FLATOW: Let's go to Gary(ph) in Washington. Hi, Gary, welcome to SCIENCE FRIDAY.
GARY: Hi, I'm calling from the District of Columbia, and I wanted to know: Is it not true that the Milky Way galaxy, as currently constructed, is a product of a collision between two galaxies that previously occurred? And I wanted to know if the guest could talk about our local group and the Andromeda Supercluster.
MAREL: Sure, so our local universe is dominated by two big galaxies, that's our Milky Way and Andromeda. There are many smaller galaxies. So our local group has about 50 smaller galaxies. One or two of those are about 10 percent the mass of these two big galaxies. Most of them are less than one percent. So most of them, sort of, in terms of gravity, don't contribute much. But, you know, they're there.
What happens, we think, how - one of the interesting questions in astronomy today is how galaxies form. And astronomers have come to realize that the way galaxies form is by, you know, slowly growing, by merging with each other and getting bigger.
Now what usually happens is that you have a big galaxy that runs into a smaller galaxy. So we actually know that our Milky Way is currently in the process of creating one or two of these smaller galaxies, and we see this happening around us. The same is happening to Andromeda. It has some evidence that it's been, you know, eating or swallowing one or two smaller galaxies.
But when that happens, it doesn't really drastically reshape the galaxy. So our Milky Way has had such events before, but since the smaller galaxies it's swallowing up don't weigh as much, it doesn't really change the structure very much.
We actually know that our Milky Way has never in its lifetime run into something that was really the same size as itself because if that had happened, the spiral disk of our galaxy wouldn't exist anymore. If you run into another galaxy that's about as big as you are, it tends to destroy the disk of the galaxy, and it tends to make you more three-dimensional, as I described.
So from the fact that we don't see this today, we know that the galaxy has never had a major run-in. We know it's had several minor run-ins, but this is going to be the first time in the lifetime of our galaxy that it's really going to have, you know, such a major collision.
We do know that this happens to other galaxies in the universe around us. We see this happening to other galaxies sometimes. But, you know, this is going to be us. It's going to be our galaxy. It's going to be, you know, our sun, our planet. So this is really special in that sense.
FLATOW: Jerry(ph) in Mitchell, South Dakota. Hi, Jerry.
JERRY: Yeah, if that galaxy is coming at us at 250,000 miles an hour, why don't it just go right straight through and keep on going? Is there that much gravity that it can stop it going 250,000 miles an hour?
FLATOW: Good question.
MAREL: Yeah, interestingly there is. So it's going very fast, 250,000 miles an hour, that's the distance of the moon in one hour. On the other end, the Andromeda Galaxy is quite far away. It's two and a half million light years away. That's why it's going to take four billion years to get here.
As I mentioned, galaxies have a lot of empty space in them. So you're actually correct. When these galaxies hit each other, the individual stars will just keep going, and initially the galaxies will just come out on the other side and keep flying.
However, there is a process known as dynamical friction, which will slow them down sufficiently that they then fall back together, and when that happens, they completely merge.
FLATOW: What happens to the dark matter that's inside these galaxies?
MAREL: Well, so the dark matter, basically the same things happen as for the stars. So these galaxies consist of stars, that's how we see them. But we actually know that, at some level, the stars are just the tip of the iceberg. The stars only make up about 10 percent of the mass of each system, and 90 percent of the mass is in this matter called dark matter.
The dark matter is distributed in a more, you know, spherical distribution. When these galaxies hit each other, it's not only the stars that ultimately merge to form a new galaxy, the dark matter of these galaxies will also form, merge together. So you'll end up with an elliptical galaxy, which has, you know, a big halo of dark matter around it.
FLATOW: Let's go to John(ph) in Wilson, Wyoming. Hi, John.
JOHN: Yeah, I'm wondering if in 3.9 billion years, the Andromeda Galaxy is going to take over the night sky, make a spectacular sky or even be visible in the daytime.
FLATOW: Good question, yeah.
MAREL: That is a good question. When we publicized these results, we actually disseminated some animations of what the night sky might look like when this happens. And what we think will happen is that first, as Andromeda gets closer to us, it'll start, you know, look bigger on the sky.
When the galaxies actually get very close together, our Milky Way will start getting distorted, but moreover the gas in both galaxies will start getting compressed, and this actually triggers the formation of new stars.
So when this hits, or very close passage happens, about four billion years from now, we expect that, you know, the sky will light up with new regions of bright star formation. Over time, though, this will die out because the gas tends to get expelled from the galaxies as supernovae go off that blow out the gas. So over time, there won't be new star formation, but in four billion years from now, the sky will look truly spectacular if anyone is still around to see it.
And if you look around a little bit on the Internet for the results of this work, you might actually find the very nice visualizations that we've put out to support this.
FLATOW: We have that on our website, at sciencefriday.com, if you want to see a nice view of the sky. Quick question, the sun will still be shining here at that time?
MAREL: Yes, at the time Andromeda arrives, our sun will still be, you know, a regular star, shining happily. Our sun was born about five billion years ago, and it has nuclear fuel left for about another six billion years. At that point, things will change drastically, but when Andromeda arrives here, our sun will still be very similar to what it is today.
FLATOW: All right, Dr. van der Marel, thank you very much.
MAREL: Thank you, Ira.
FLATOW: Roeland van der Marel is an astronomer at the Space Telescope Science Institute in Baltimore. We're going to take a break, and we're going to still talk about dark energy, not only dark matter, and some spooky things still happening with that. So stay with us. We'll be right back after this break.
(SOUNDBITE OF MUSIC)
FLATOW: I'm Ira Flatow. This is SCIENCE FRIDAY from NPR. Transcript provided by NPR, Copyright National Public Radio. | <urn:uuid:005c0302-e502-42a2-a656-a4396ffbebda> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.kmuw.org/post/what-happens-when-two-galaxies-collide | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368699273641/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516101433-00008-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.967099 | 3,127 | 3.203125 | 3 |
By Ana Campoy
How green, really, is corn ethanol? It depends how you count.
It’s anything but an academic question—it could determine, in part, how America fuels its cars in the future.
The Environmental Protection Agency dealt a big blow to the ethanol industry earlier this year when it decreed that the corn-based fuel doesn’t have a much better carbon footprint than gasoline made with crude oil.
Ethanol producers have since regrouped and are striking back by taking a page from the EPA’s playbook.
The EPA, charged by the U.S. Congress with calculating carbon pollution from fuels, maintains that the ethanol industry is responsible for more than just the emissions generated from producing ethanol and burning it in vehicles.
Ethanol could have another environmental impact. That is, by taking corn out of the global food supply, ethanol producers are indirectly inducing people in other places, such as the Amazon rainforest, to clear forests to plant more crops to replace the lost corn. The kids call it “indirect land-use changes.”
Now the ethanol industry is saying oil-based gasoline has its own indirect effects in places like Canada’s oil sands, where oil companies burn through massive amounts of energy to extract and refine gunky oil.
In a recent report, the Renewable Fuels Association, ethanol’s main industry trade group, argues that the corn-based fuel’s environmental credentials should be measured against gasoline made with that kind of oil, not with the lighter and more easily refined crude grades, which are becoming scarcer. That comparison makes ethanol look a lot greener.
“If you’re going to be counting the angels on the head of a pin with ethanol at least take a cursory look at the impacts of petroleum,” says Bob Dinneen, president and chief executive of the group.
The issue is far from settled—the EPA is waiting for public comment before making its final determination – but discussions around it raise questions about how to extricate the real carbon footprint of a fuel from a complex web of interconnections across continents. Where do you begin? Where do you finish?
Do you, for example, count the carbon footprint of the tire on the tractor that harvests the corn field, which is probably made with synthetic materials whose origins can be traced to natural gas or oil, and which may have been transported to the U.S. from the Middle East in a ship powered by oil-based fuel?
No, say emission-counting experts, which usually abide by ISO standards when conducting a life-cycle assessment, the practice of sizing the environmental impact of a product. How about the fuel to power the tractor? Yes.
Still, there is enough unresolved wiggle room for companies to find the methodology that shows their products in the best light. For example, what portion of the emissions generated by producing ethanol should be assigned to the leftovers of the process, which are used as cow feed? The more you chalk up to the feed, the better ethanol looks, says Roland Geyer, a life-cycle assessment expert at University of California, Santa Barbara.
This is the kind of minutiae the government will have to resolve if it wants to cut this particular Gordian knot.
“There’s no way around it because we are entering into a world of different power trains—pure gasoline, pure battery, electric plug-in hybrids, fuel cells,” says Mr. Geyer. Without proper accounting, “we just can’t just compare.”
Maybe it would be easier to just count angels dancing on the head of a pin. | <urn:uuid:42deba80-e815-4684-a238-be858f68a333> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://blogs.wsj.com/environmentalcapital/2009/08/04/is-corn-ethanol-cleaner-than-crude-oil/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368711005985/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516133005-00017-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.947614 | 764 | 3.15625 | 3 |
The Secret Mistakes - Learning From Them
It can be hard to let your child make mistakes. As a parent, you are there to protect them from harm while they learn and grow into healthy adults who can protect themselves. It goes against all your instincts therefore to simply stand back and let your child fail. Still, one of the most important skills of parenthood is to learn what mistakes are harmful and should be prevented and what mistakes are, well, not.
Children often learn by doing, just like the rest of us, and a part of that is failing. In adults we call it trial and error. It is important, therefore, to let your child make mistakes, even fail, so they can learn from mistakes. It’s the quickest way for your child to learn to succeed.
When your child is learning and doing, they are bound to make mistakes. This is why mealtimes with your toddler are so messy. They are learning to eat solid food, but it takes some real work to make the necessary skills come together in the right combination to achieve a successful bite of food. The mistakes often litter the eating area by the time your child’s meal is done. These kinds of mistakes are wholly without consequences for your child. No matter how many times they fail, you will ensure that they get enough food to eat. The rest is up to them. Imagine what would happen if you tried to keep your child from failing to take a proper bite forever though.
You would have to feed them yourself forever. Of course that’s if they would let you, curious toddlers are anxious to do these kinds of things for themselves so you might simply end up with a battle royal on your hands. Either way, anyone can see that it is in your child’s best interests for you to allow them to make mistakes while feeding themselves. Not only that, its in your best interests as well. This is the kind of good mistake that you do not need to begrudge your child.
There are times when you should step in to prevent the mistake your child is about to make as well. In these cases, such as when your child reaches to touch a hot stove, the lesson is no doubt valuable, but the consequences of that lesson are too high. You should always be prepared to monitor your child’s behavior and prevent them from making those mistakes that will cause real harm. These are the bad mistakes, as opposed to the ones that irritate, upset, or disappoint your child.
Bad mistakes involve lessons that your child is not ready to learn without the assistance of an intermediary. In the case of the stove, for example, you can help your child learn the lesson without harming themselves by holding their hand near enough to feel the heat and explaining the danger in no uncertain terms. Just remember not to be too cautious when it comes to mistakes, children always learn faster and better when their lessons are hands on in nature.
Easy 30 Minute Meals
Not just entrees, these are complete meals that take 30 minutes from the kitchen to the table ... without sacrificing great taste! | <urn:uuid:edb93a19-3259-4633-90f6-1a7bbe6d1a99> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.momswhothink.com/behavior/learning-from-mistakes.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368706153698/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516120913-00055-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.966146 | 633 | 2.421875 | 2 |
The Professor Is In: Q&A with Jim Lawler
Seidenberg Professor of Information Technology Jim Lawler, PhD, has a lot of hidden talents up his sleeves. Known for his generosity and kindness, as well as having a passion for helping others, Professor Lawler enriches the lives of Pace students and young adults with developmental and intellectual disabilities through the use of technology in his Community Empowerment through Information Systems Course (CIS 102W). Lawler is encouraging both students and young people in the community to work together, and helps build both relationships and rewarding experiences.
In 2010, Professor Lawler was the recipient of a national Jefferson Award for Community Service, and was specifically noted for his involvement with AHRC NYC, a nonprofit organization in Lower Manhattan dedicated to serving individuals with developmental and intellectual disabilities.
What was your favorite class as a student? Least favorite?
My favorite class as a college student was marketing, and my least favorite class was statistics.
What was one thing or person that made you passionate about your current career?
From my corporate experience at Merrill Lynch from 1976 to1998 in managing an internal learning organization, I learned that helping others in the learning of computer technology had an immediate impact on personal performance, which was a consideration that motivated me to begin a concurrent career as an Adjunct Professor at Pace from 1983 to 2001 and as a Professor from 2002 to the present at the Seidenberg School.
What quality do you most value in your students?
The quality that I value most in my students is self-motivation to succeed, which is a quality that I require of students that are in my extra-curricular programs of service that are helping teenagers and young adults with disabilities at the University.
What’s your advice to students to make the most out of their time in college?
I would encourage undergraduate students to be engaged in different extra-curricular programs not only in their fields of study but also in other fields in the schools of the University, from which they would develop a network of faculty and students that would be helpful to them when they graduate from the University, and I would encourage them to be engaged in community organization projects in helping others less fortunate than themselves. Education is not only learning but also engagement in the life of a university. Few students leverage the advantages of extra-curricular programs at a university.
If you had to do it all over again and took another path, what profession would you like to attempt? What profession would you not like to do?
If I had to do it over again, I would prefer to be a professor upon graduation from university, and not be a corporate executive, which was my official profession until I joined Pace as a non-adjunct professor in 2002. Though the compensation as an executive of Merrill Lynch was exceptionally great, the experience of helping others, as I am helping students and those not as fortunate in society, is greater than in a corporate organization. The impact on others is greater in a university.
What is your favorite book/TV show?
My favorite books are generally 20th century history, and my favorite TV is the history and military channels, though my favorites in entertainment are the Met operas of Wagner and the plays of Shakespeare at the Brooklyn Academy of Music and the Lantern Theater (Philadelphia).
What would you do if you had an extra hour every day?
If I had an extra hour every day, I would read even more history.
What is your favorite journey/experience?
My favorite journey was to Antarctic and Patagonia in South America in 2006, where I met millions of penguins, and my favorite exotic journeys were to India in 2008, where I met in person the actress Aishwarya Rai, and to Oman in 2004, where I met the Sultan.
What is your favorite saying/words to live by?
“Three Glories of Speech: Brevity, Steadiness and Wisdom”—from the precepts of King Cormac as recorded in the Irish ”Book of Leinster.”
If you could have any five people, living or dead, imagined or real, as guests at a dinner party, who would you choose?
I would choose Andrew Jackson, Abraham Lincoln, Harry Truman, Richard Nixon and Ronald Reagan—my favorite presidents.
Interview by Pace student Helen Arase ‘14 | <urn:uuid:effbc417-e0e8-4e2a-ad4b-a78115a79ebb> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://opportunitas.blogs.pace.edu/2012/04/the-professor-is-in-qa-with-jim-lawler/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368704392896/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516113952-00027-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.974209 | 894 | 1.609375 | 2 |
Unified Communications or Random Acts of Collaboration?
Depending on how advanced you are along the roadmap to a Unified Communications and Collaboration utopia, you're more than likely to have come across 'Random Acts of Collaboration', whether you know it or not.
So what are they?
Given that your workers are now far more aware of the technologies available to them through the ever increasing power and quality of voice and video applications in a domestic environment, workers who understand the value of collaborative interactions start to bring them into a business environment.
These are generally point solutions brought in by individuals to address a specific and tactical requirement that is not supported by the business or there is just not that type of application available from an Enterprise perspective.
There are many examples of these applications – MSN / Yahoo Messenger / Google Talk from an instant messaging perspective, to the all-pervasive Skype for Instant Messaging and Video.
While these tactical solutions provide a fix for the immediate challenge, what most businesses find is that each group adopts a specific product or application, the majority of which are incompatible with each other and end up deployed in a restricted, localised manner.
So not only do you have segregated user groups, users have no broader intelligence around other colleagues who may be able to add value to the conversation.
There is also the other major consideration that there is no governance or audit trail for any of these interactions, which are business related and may involve partners and customers either directly, or indirectly through relevant information traversing these unofficial channels.
The Opportunity of Unifying 'Random Acts of Collaboration'
Generally workers who have taken these matters into their own hands have done so purely to enhance their productivity and to collaborate more effectively, intelligently and thoroughly with their immediate team.
Imagine the possibilities if these productivity increases were applied to the business as a whole: giving everyone access to the same set of tools, empowering them to get the right people together to deal with the challenge at hand in a smart, fast, convenient and multi-media experience that allows content and context to be shared and discussed easily, no matter the location of the participants.
That's why you need to remove random collaboration from your business and replace it with a strategic Unified Communication and Collaboration solution.
With over 12 years' expertise in designing and managing the deployment of Unified Communications and Collaboration technologies and core infrastructure, Daniel has played a key role in developing Sabio's Unified Communications proposition and leading the company's drive to embed UC capabilities at the heart of Sabio's communications and contact centre solutions | <urn:uuid:b64172de-5b32-4890-9eb0-537a0f84988a> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.sabio.co.uk/blog/unified-communications/unified-communications-or-random-acts-of-collaboration.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368707435344/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516123035-00058-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.939672 | 519 | 1.617188 | 2 |
An explanation of our name and the history behind it.
In the early 1900's, Greenville's Boggs Street (where our ground level back entrance is located) was called Chicora Street. Directly behind our building, the land from Camperdown to River Street was the Chicora College campus. Chicora College is now part of Queens College in Charlotte, NC. Chicora is an old Native American word that means "Land of Healing Breeze". The Chicora tribe were coastal Native Americans, their territory extended from the Savannah River to Cape Fear. They were some of the first Native Americans encountered by early explorers. In 1995, the General Assembly of South Carolina declared April 20th Chicora Indian Day.
Chicora Alley opened in September of 2003. Our quarters provide a cozy setting where you can enjoy a lively blend of Caribbean Reggae and Southern Jazz to Rock n' Roll and Bluegrass. Live entertainment and specials every night of the week. A place where the cuisine is a fusion of exotic island and good ol' southern home cookin'.
The owners, two local brothers, Ben and Adam "Bert" Dixon, have traveled their way across the country adopting regional delicacies on the way. Then they returned to their roots in Mom's kitchen - where they fused all that they had learned.
Welcome to Chicora Alley, where the food and the atmosphere are as fresh as a healing breeze. We hope to leave you better than when you arrived. | <urn:uuid:d8924e13-ec5a-40a3-b6fd-0c28754a177b> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.chicoraalley.com/about.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368705953421/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516120553-00050-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.962361 | 300 | 1.703125 | 2 |
James Flaherty, M.D., FACS, surgical oncologist [July 14 2011]
Most of us, when we eat or drink, don't really think about swallowing. We just do it. But for some people with esophageal cancer, swallowing even liquids can become difficult or impossible.
With esophageal cancer, cancer cells form in the tissues of the esophagus, the muscular tube that moves food and liquid from our throats to our stomachs. According to the American Cancer Society, men are more likely to have esophageal cancer, with almost 80 percent of it diagnosed between ages 55 and 85. Risk factors include tobacco and alcohol use, obesity, and esophageal inflammatory conditions, most commonly gastroesophageal reflux.
Treatment for esophageal cancer depends on the stage of cancer and other factors, but for many patients, surgery is performed to remove the cancerous part of the esophagus. The surgeon will then connect the healthy part of the esophagus to the stomach, using part of the stomach to create a new tube for swallowing.
Thanks to surgical advances, some surgeons can now perform minimally invasive surgery to remove and reconstruct the esophagus in certain patients. During a procedure called a minimally invasive esophagogastrectomy (MIE), the surgeon makes several 5 mm to 1 cm incisions to the right chest, the upper abdomen and lower neck.
Traditional, open esophagogastrectomy surgery requires a large incision on the side of the chest and another one down the middle of the abdomen. Either procedure is available for patients with cancer up to stage 3.
While not appropriate for all patients, MIE can offer significantly reduced recovery and post-surgical discomfort. Compared to traditional surgery, inpatient hospital stay with MIE is seven to 10 days vs. 10 to 14 days for the open procedure. Recovery time with MIE is two to four weeks vs. up to two to four months.
Whether a patient has an MIE or the traditional surgical procedure, when esophageal cancer is detected early, survival rate after an esophagogastrectomy is about 80 percent at five years. For stages 2 and 3, chemotherapy and radiation therapy often precede surgery and survival at five years ranges from 40 to 60 percent.
James Flaherty, M.D., FACS, specializes in surgical oncology, specifically esophageal cancer surgery, at The Hospital of Central Connecticut. For information on HCC physicians, please contact our free Need-A-Physician referral service by phone, 1-800-321-6244 or online.
Learn more about cancer care at HCC | <urn:uuid:125ae6e2-69c4-4fd7-ac3f-681ff0d41012> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://thocc.org/whatsnew/expert-articles_details.aspx?ExpertArticleID=68 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368701852492/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516105732-00059-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.926416 | 554 | 3.171875 | 3 |
The quickest way to teach yourself all these principles I've been talking about is to copy drawings that use them. A lot of 1940s comic books were drawn by professional animation artists who knew their principles well. They would especially knock themselves out on the covers.
These all have
lines of action
construction - perspective
and on top of all that - interesting and tricky camera angles
If you copy these drawings, do it step by step from the basic elements first and then on down level by level to the final details. (Like how I broke down Tom) Don't start with the wrinkles, stripes, spots, textures etc. Do those last - and keep them small and not sticking out too much from the silhouettes.
Ignore the clothes when you first break down these drawings. Draw Goofy's head right through his neck and into his torso in a continuous smooth line of action. Then on top of that, wrap the clothes around his construction. Same with Mickey.
These animal balloons look complex at first, but they aren't if you ignore the details and draw the solid forms first. Then wrap the details, layer by layer onto the forms.
This won't be easy at first, but the more you do it, the sooner it will all make sense and you will start to gain skill and confidence.
Then you can crap on the folks who refuse to learn anything traditionally and still can't draw anything remotely professional or appealing. They will be so jealous of you. And you'll get the better job. | <urn:uuid:f4367029-370b-4bb7-8d34-cb0993f53ad2> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://johnkstuff.blogspot.com/2009/01/good-art-to-copy-from-comic-covers.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368704392896/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516113952-00031-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.961443 | 310 | 2.015625 | 2 |
Individual differences |
Methods | Statistics | Clinical | Educational | Industrial | Professional items | World psychology |
- Periodically does not exercise control over consumption of food
- Eats an unusually large amount of food at one time -- more than a normal person would eat in the same amount of time.
- Eats much more quickly during binge episodes than during normal eating episodes
- Eats until physically uncomfortable
- Eats large amounts of food even when they are not really hungry
- Usually eats alone during binge eating episodes, in order to avoid discovery of the disorder
- Often eats alone during periods of normal eating, owing to feelings of embarrassment about food
- Feels disgusted, depressed, or guilty after binge eating
Relationship to other eating disorders Edit
Binge eating symptoms are also present in bulimia nervosa. The formal diagnosis criteria are similar in that subjects must binge at least twice per week for a minimum period of three months. Unlike in bulimia, those with BED do not purge, fast or engage in strenuous exercise after binge eating. Additionally, bulimics are typically of normal weight or slightly overweight, whereas those with binge eating disorder are typically overweight or obese.
Binge eating disorder is similar to, but it is distinct from, compulsive overeating. Those with BED do not have a compulsion to overeat and do not spend a great deal of time fantasizing about food. On the contrary, some people with binge eating disorder have very negative feelings about food. As with other eating disorders, binge eating is an "expressive disorder" — a disorder that is an expression of deeper psychological problems. Some researchers believe BED is a milder form, or subset of bulimia nervosa, while others argue that it is its own distinct disorder. Currently, the DSM-IV categorizes it under Eating disorder not otherwise specified (EDNOS), an indication that more research is needed.
Occurrence and risk factors Edit
About 2 percent of all adults in the United States (as many as 4 million Americans) have binge eating disorder. About 10 to 15 percent of people who are mildly obese and who try to lose weight on their own or through commercial weight-loss programs have binge eating disorder. The disorder is even more common in people who are severely obese.
Binge eating disorder is a little more common in women than in men; three women for every two men have it. The disorder is found in all ethno-cultural and racial populations.
People who are obese and have binge eating disorder often became overweight at a younger age than those without the disorder. They might also lose and gain back weight more often.
No one knows for sure what causes binge eating disorder. As many as half of all people with binge eating disorder have been depressed in the past. Whether depression causes binge eating disorder or whether binge eating disorder causes depression is not known for sure.
Emotional cues such as anger, sadness, boredom, and anxiety can trigger binge eating. Impulsive behavior and certain other emotional problems can be more common in people with binge eating disorder. However, many people also claim that binging occurs regardless of their mood.
It is also unclear if dieting and binge eating are related. Some studies show that about half of all people with binge eating disorder had binge episodes before they started to diet.
Researchers also are looking into how brain chemicals and metabolism affect binge eating disorder, although this study is in its early stages.
People with binge eating disorder can get sick due to a lack of proper nutrition. Binging episodes usually include foods that are high in sugar and/or salt, but low in healthier nutrients.
People with binge eating disorder are usually very upset by their binge eating and may become very depressed.
People who are obese and also have binge eating disorder are at risk for type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, high blood cholesterol, levels, gallbladder disease, heart disease, certain types of cancer.
Most people with binge eating disorder have tried to control it on their own, but have not been able to control it for very long. Some people miss work, school, or social activities to binge eat. Persons who are obese with binge eating disorder often feel bad about themselves and may avoid social gatherings.
Most people who binge eat, whether they are obese or not, feel ashamed and try to hide their problem. Often they become so good at hiding it that even close friends and family members don't know they binge eat.
People who are not overweight should avoid dieting because it sometimes makes their binge eating worse. Dieting here means skipping meals, not eating enough food each day, or avoiding certain kinds of food (such as carbohydrates or fats). Many people with binge eating disorder are obese and have health problems because of their weight. People with binge eating disorder who are obese may find it harder to stay in a weight-loss program. They also may lose less weight than other people, and may regain weight more quickly due to a slowing of the metabolism. (This can be worse when they also have problems like depression, trouble controlling their behavior, and problems dealing with other people.) These people may need treatment for binge eating disorder before they try to lose weight. Dieting is usually not successful for those with BED, as they will usually gain back all of the weight lost, and sometimes more. Those with BED have more difficulty adhering to traditional weight-loss treatment.
People with binge eating disorder, whether or not they want to lose weight, should get help from a health professional including physicians, nutritionists, psychiatrist, psychologists, or clinical social workers for their eating behavior. Even those who are not overweight are usually upset by their binge eating, and treatment can help them. There are several different ways to treat binge eating disorder. Cognitive-behavioral therapy teaches people how to keep track of their eating and change their unhealthy eating habits. It also teaches them how to change the way they act in tough situations. Interpersonal psychotherapy helps people look at their relationships with friends and family and make changes in problem areas. Drug therapy, such as antidepressants, may be helpful for some people.
Researchers are still trying to find the treatment that is the most helpful in controlling binge eating disorder. The methods mentioned here seem to be equally helpful. For people who are overweight, a weight-loss program that also offers treatment for eating disorders might be the best choice.
A small (40 people) 10 week double-blind clinical trial was reported in the Journal of Clinical Psychiatry on the effectiveness of Atomoxetine (a prescription ADHD medicine) for treating Binge-Eating Disorder. The results of the trial was that Atomoxetine was "associated with a significantly greater rate of reduction in binge-eating episode frequency, weight, [and] body mass index." The average daily dose given was 106 mg/day. The authors conclude that Atomoxetine is effective for short term treatment of Binge-Eating Disorder .
- Fairburn, C.G. (1995). Overcoming Binge Eating. New York: Guilford Press. This book discusses who binges and why, how bingeing differs from overeating, and how a binge eater can gain control. It presents a step-by-step program for overcoming binge eating.
- Grilo, C.M. (1998). "The Assessment and Treatment of Binge Eating Disorder." Journal of Practical Psychiatry and Behavioral Health 4 pp. 191–201. This article, written for health professionals, reviews the literature on binge eating disorder with a particular focus on its assessment and treatment. Implications for practice and future research are discussed.
- Gormally J, Black S, Daston S, Rardin D. (1982) The assessment of binge eating severity among obese persons. Addictive Behaviors Vol.7 47-55
- Siegel, M.; Brisman, J.; & Weinshel, M. (1997). Surviving an Eating Disorder: New Perspectives and Strategies for Family and Friends. New York: HarperCollins. This book discusses family therapy, psychopharmacology, hospitalization policies, insurance coverage, and support services for binge eating disorder patients and their families.
- Stunkard, A.J. (1959). "Eating Patterns and Obesity." Psychiatric Quarterly 33 pp. 284–295. This classic paper provides one of the first descriptions of binge eating in obese individuals.
- Yanovski, S.Z. (1993). "Binge Eating Disorder: Current Knowledge and Future Directions." Obesity Research 1 (4) pp. 306–323. This review of existing research on binge eating disorder, geared to health professionals, describes treatment methods, discusses their effectiveness, and recommends that doctors treating obese patients be aware of the disorder.
- National Institute of Health page on binge eating disorder
- Mental Health Matters: Binge Eating Disorder
- Psych Forums: Binge Eating Forum
- This article is taken from the public domain NIH Publication No. 99-3589, updated February 2001.
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By Nick Schwellenbach
Last week, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) issued an emergency airworthiness directive requiring emergency inspections of 175 older model Boeing 737 airplanes, after a six-foot hole that was torn in the ceiling of a Southwest Airlines 737 carrying 118 passengers led to an emergency landing earlier this month. Metal fatigue and cracking led to the hole. Boeing has said it did not expect these problems at this relatively early stage in the 737 Classic’s lifespan (737 Classics are -300/-400/-500 series of the plane). Cracks were found in other 737 Classics since the incident.
In reaction to the discovery of cracks in 737 Classics and the FAA directive, Boeing has said its newer 737s—the 737 Next Generation (the -600/-700/-800/-900 series of the 737)—have a significantly different fuselage and therefore do not need to be subjected to emergency inspections. But Boeing has argued otherwise in a high-profile whistleblower lawsuit. In March, weeks before the Southwest incident, Boeing said that the 737 Next Generation fuselage is “unchanged” from the 737 Classic.
So which is it, Boeing? Is the fuselage of the 737 Next Generation “significantly different” from the 737 Classic as one of your executives told the Wall Street Journal last week? Or is it “unchanged”?
Boeing can’t have it both ways. Either (1) the fuselage is different and they may need to produce documents to whistleblowers seeking the documents in their lawsuit, or (2) the fuselage is unchanged and the FAA needs to seriously consider subjecting not just the 737 Classics, but the 737 Next Generations to emergency inspections.
The whistleblowers—Taylor Smith, Jeannine Prewitt, and James Ailes, all former Boeing employees—pointed out Boeing’s contradictions in a court brief last Friday. Their attorney cited a Boeing motion from March 10, 2011 in their case, which said (note: the “relators” are the whistleblowers):
Relators do not specifically identify what documents they think Boeing is withholding from production. It appears that the Relators’ “informed belief” that unidentified documents have been withheld is based upon their misimpression that the 737 NG fuselage was significantly modified from the 737 Classic and therefore entirely certified anew. The documents Boeing has produced to Relators clearly state the opposite. The 737 NG fuselage is considered to be “existing” and “unchanged” from the 737 Classic.
“Since [the Southwest] incident and the issuance of the FAA Directive, Boeing is now telling the world—that is, everyone except this Court—that the fuselage of the Next Generation was significantly redesigned from that of the Classic,” the whistleblowers’ lawyer Corlin Pratt said in their brief.
Repeatedly since the Southwest incident in early April, Boeing employees have publicly said the 737 Next Generation fuselage is different and there is no need to do emergency inspections on it.
The Boeing executive emphasized that the company's engineers and safety experts "remain completely confident" that younger versions of Boeing 737 jets have a "significantly different and much improved" skin-fastening design, and therefore don't face any danger of premature cracking.
Mr. Richter said that the newest generations of 737s – starting with the 600 series that entered service in 1998 and were known as the Next-Generation 737s – incorporated significant design changes intended to reduce the chance of lap joint cracking. The changes reduce the amount of bending.
We’ve sent Boeing an email requesting comment and will update this post if they respond.
UPDATE: Boeing spokesman Marc Birtel emailed us a response, however, he did not answer our questions about the seeming inconsistency between Boeing's positions. He did not reply to our follow-up question specifically asking him to address POGO's earlier questions. His full response is as follows:
This is an old story and has been circulating for several years. The case remains in litigation and is proceeding through the court system in the normal course. The False Claims Act lawsuit, filed by three former Boeing employees alleging that faulty parts were incorporated into Boeing military and commercial aircraft, is without merit. The Department of Defense evaluated these allegations and determined the allegations had no merit and the Department of Justice declined twice to intervene in this lawsuit. The Federal Aviation Administration conducted an evaluation and concluded there was no concern with the Ducommun parts on Boeing aircraft.
Boeing has a multi-tiered quality control process that includes production and maintenance inspections that have been demonstrated through decades of use to be an effective method to maintain quality and safety.
Nick Schwellenbach is POGO's Director of Investigations. Follow Nick on Twitter.
Image by Flickr user girl_onthe_les, used under Creative Commons License. | <urn:uuid:0013584a-7225-4e1f-a9de-d011d87bc8bc> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://pogoblog.typepad.com/pogo/2011/04/is-boeing-trying-to-have-it-both-ways-on-the-737-next-generation.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368696383156/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516092623-00014-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.956568 | 998 | 1.617188 | 2 |
From 1936-52, the "Flight of the Bumblebee" signaled another episode of the Green Hornet. The popular juvenile did an amazing amount of buzzing! Created by team of producer George Trendle and director James Jewell, The Green Hornet has some of the same pace as the western Masked Man.
The Green Hornet's saved the life of Kato somewhere during his travels in the Far East and Kato became a loyal friend. Kato's ethnicity throughout the show's run is ambiguously Asian—ranging from Japanese, to Filipino, to Korean, to Chinese. Kato was a fierce fighter, skilled driver, and all around best pal.
Movie serials in 1940s made The Green Hornet all the more popular on radio. Al Hodge played Britt from '36-'43, with Raymond Hayashi (changed to Ray Toyo after WW II began) creating Kato. The Sentinal staff reporters worked on the facts along with Reid. Lenore 'Casey' Case was played by Lenore Allman. Bob Lowry does the reportorially-challanged stooge, Michael Axford. A young Mike Wallace (of early interview TV and 60 Minutes fame) was one of the young announcers!
The Green Hornet is a super-hero something like Superman, Blue
Beetle, and Batman. Both Clark Kent and Britt Reid are journalists (Britt actually owns the Daily Sentinel). Comparisons are often made between the crime fighting duo Batman and Robin to The Green Hornet and Kato. Britt Reid is like Batman in that they ordinary mortals (faking playboy-types), allowing Kato, his chauffeur, to be Robin-like. Both The Green Hornet and Batman drive cool cars. Britt Reed's sleek, super powered "Black Beauty" is certainly a match for the Batmobile. This resemblance was given a nod in the television version of Batman when The Green Hornet and Kato made two memorable cameos.
The Green Hornet made a brief appearance on television with martial arts master Bruce Lee as Kato and Van Williams as the Green Hornet. Bruce Lee shot into cult martial art films stardom, unfortunately the Green Hornet television show was canceled after just one season.
For more adventure, see alsoDick | <urn:uuid:6bf49f43-8b67-4766-a996-0994b0202332> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.otrcat.com/green-hornet-p-1346.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368705953421/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516120553-00066-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.953953 | 467 | 1.53125 | 2 |
African American women musicians
Jan 26, 2009 — Hazel Scott — a classically trained jazz pianist and singer — was the first African-American woman to have her own television show. But her outspoken nature may have cost Scott her rightful place in history. Karen Chilton chronicles Scott's life and career in a new book. Chilton and Scott's son, Adam Clayton Powell III, speak with Tony Cox. | <urn:uuid:8885b611-fa6a-4af6-807a-ff2cdd7319c3> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.northcountrypublicradio.org/news/nprnews.php?id[138230428]=African%20American%20women%20musicians | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368696383156/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516092623-00076-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.969468 | 83 | 1.734375 | 2 |
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The more efficient your teaching technique the better your students’ comprehension level. This is just one of the benefits of mind mapping and encouraging students to work together as they learn new things. | <urn:uuid:a7cbd18b-bca1-48cc-b4b1-4921ef75ac20> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://edudemic.com/author/mindomoed/?filter_type=user_added | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368698207393/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516095647-00061-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.917372 | 179 | 2.234375 | 2 |
We've already linked to the current Norwood News on-line, but this story about a youth group organizing for the old Fordham Library to be converted into a facility for youth programs and community space has not been pPost Options osted on our site yet. So, we thought we'd post it here.
Youth Want Old Fordham Library for Community Space
By Annie Shreffler
Members of Sistas and Brothas United (SBU), a grassroots local youth group affiliated with the Northwest Bronx Community and Clergy Coalition, have their sights set on the old Fordham library as a new community center.
The group rallied at Our Lady of Refuge church on
SBU currently runs all of its programming out of the Coalition’s building on the Grand Concourse, where space is limited. The bottom line is that the group needs more space and the vacant library building would be an ideal place to grow.
Elisabeth Ortega, a former
“Having a place to do art will build unity and have people take ownership in this,” Ortega said.
Jose Cabrera, a senior at the High School for Teaching and the Professions on the
The Reverend Leo W. Curry of
“Some type of senior program could be held there,” Curry said. “I would endorse [the youth group’s plan]; it might be good to mix all the ages in one building.”
Jessica Mejia, a freshman at
Last year, when SBU originally tried to acquire access to the library for its new school, the Leadership Institute, plans were scrapped after an environmental study ordered by the School Construction Authority found the library contaminated with Tetrachloroethelyne (PERC), a manufactured chemical used for dry cleaning and as a metal degreaser.
A spokesperson for the New York Public Library (NYPL) confirmed the study’s findings and said they submitted a request to the state Department of Environmental Conservation (DEC) in May to clean up the building’s contaminants and make it safe for use.
The NYPL expects a response from the DEC this summer so work can begin in the fall. No estimated date of completion can be set before they receive a response. When the clean-up is completed, NYPL said it will cut ties with the building.
“Once approved environmental work is completed, our intent is to give the building back to the city and the Department of City Administrative Services (DCAS),” the spokesperson said.
During the Saturday morning rally, SBU and Coalition activists joined with politicians, including Assemblyman Jose Rivera and City Council Members Joel Rivera (the majority leader and Jose’s son) and Robert Jackson (head of the Council’s Education
Committee), on a march from Our Lady of Refuge to the library. Wielding a megaphone, the younger Rivera led a series of chants, as the procession implored residents to join them. The rally culminated with a series of speeches in front of the library.
The elder Rivera, who is being honored as the Coalition’s “Ally of the Year,” agreed to arrange a meeting with DCAS to discuss SBU’s ideas and establish a timeline for a possible project. SBU members said they hoped the rally will persuade politicians to prevent the city from making other plans for the location.
(Photo caption: Council Majority Leader Joel Rivera led activists on a march from Our Lady of Refuge Church to the old Fordham Library building. Local youth want the contaminated library to be cleaned up and turned into a community center Photo by David Greene). | <urn:uuid:397e81ef-aca7-4b42-b433-c8042c145e18> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.bronxnewsnetwork.org/2007/06/youth-want-old-library-for-community.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368699273641/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516101433-00037-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.950684 | 751 | 1.90625 | 2 |
Some people who give up eating meat and poultry continue to eat fish
in the belief that it is a healthy food and that fishing is less
cruel and environmentally destructive than farming. Nothing could be
from the truth.
There is no question that fish caught for food suffer. Numerous
scientific reports have examined the question of whether fish feel
pain and all recent
investigations have supported the conclusion that they do. In July
2004 the European Food Safety Authority issued a report on slaughter
they examined the killing of farmed fish. They concluded that “many
existing commercial killing methods expose fish to substantial suffering
over a long period of time.” They also noted that “asphyxia/asphyxia
in ice . . . and bleeding out/exsanguination are not humane methods for
killing fish.” Asphyxia – being starved of oxygen - is the
method by which wild, trawled fish are killed. It is a horrible death – far
worse, indeed, than that faced by most land animals.
Commercial fishing of the oceans has decimated both fish stocks
and the aquatic environment. Herring, cod, hake, redfish and mackerel
are the fish species that are most commonly exploited commercially
across the world - some of which are close to becoming extinct as
a result of overfishing. There are several methods used for commercial
Trawlers, some the size of football fields, work non-stop across the oceans'
fishing grounds, backwards and forwards in a never-ending process which scoops
up huge quantities of fish and destroys the sea bed and the creatures that
live there. Nets like huge tapering bags are used, and the mouth of the bag
can be 224 ft. wide! It is kept open by huge, metal-bound trawl (otter) boards
that can weigh tons. They are dragged across the ocean floor and crush and
grind to destruction anything in their path.
A variant is the beam trawl, where a long metal beam is fixed to
the underside of the net's opening. Floatation devices keep the mouth
of the net open and dangling from the beam are 'tickler' chains,
which drag along the bottom forcing almost every creature from its
hiding place into the mouth of the net.
Between 60 and 80 million tons of fish are caught from the seas
of the world each year by trawling. The total for all methods is
about 100 million tons. Fish that are too small, non-target species
or species with no commercial value are discarded. This can include
almost every creature from the sea or sea bed - sea urchins, brittle
stars, crabs, dolphins, seals and sea-birds.
As shrimp nets are dragged through the water, they catch every living
creature in their path - trapping both shrimp and unwanted fish and
sea turtles. Sea turtles caught in shrimp nets are held under water
until they drown. Thousands of endangered sea turtles are killed
in this way every year.
The ecological balance of the oceans is disturbed when the catch
rate exceeds the natural reproduction rate. This is overfishing.
All 17 of the world's major fisheries have either reached or exceeded
their limits. The North Sea is cleared of a quarter of its fish every
Drift nets hang like curtains from the surface of the sea. Constructed from
thin but strong monofilament nylon, they are virtually invisible to all sea
life. They can be up to an incredible 30 miles long. The target fish are
often tuna, but as dolphins tend to congregate where tuna swim, they too
die in large numbers. Rays, sharks, sea birds and small whales all become
entangled in these ghostly nets.
It is not uncommon for nets to become detached in rough weather
and float away to kill large numbers of animals and birds. When weighed
down with dead bodies they sink to the bottom but once the carcasses
have rotted, they float back to the surface and continue their destruction.
Thousands of dolphins, porpoises, small whales, sea lions and walruses
are killed by drift nets each year.
After years of campaigning, drift nets were banned by the EU from
1 January 2002 in the Atlantic and Mediterranean. Sadly, the Baltic
Sea was exempted after lobbying by Demmark, Sweden and Finland who
continue to use this destructive fishing technique with their 350
Purse Seine Netting
A purse seine net is suspended from the surface, the bottom of it many fathoms
below the surface. The boat pays out the net in a complete circle so the
effect is like that of a tube of netting hanging down, surrounding the target
shoal of fish. A kind of drawstring at the bottom of the net is pulled tight
so the net represents a purse with an open top but a closed bottom. The top
is then also closed and the net hauled inboard. Again, tuna are the main
target, but again, dolphins also get trapped and drown.
Many birds, including razor-bills, cormorants, and puffins, feed mainly on
sand eels, sprats and small herrings, all of which are heavily exploited
by fishermen. In 1994, overfishing in the North Sea was believed to have
caused about 100,000 birds to starve and the problem seems to be worsening.
Commercial fishermen often blame the low numbers of fish on local
wildlife and demand ‘culling’ to solve the problem. As
a result, seals have been killed in their thousands - 51,000 in Russia
and 250,000 in Canada in 1996 and there are similar demands being
made in Britain. In February 1999, a proposal was presented to the
US Congress by the National Marine Fisheries Service to allow fishermen
and ‘resource’ managers to shoot Pacific harbour seals
and Californian sea lions along the coasts of California, Oregon
and Washington to protect the dwindling stocks of salmon and steelhead
and to reduce competition for fish between these pinnipeds and humans.
Fish - a healthy option?
Fish is often claimed to be a healthy food but the flesh of fish often stores
dangerous contaminants, such as PCBs, dioxins, heavy metals and even radioactive
materials. PCBs and dioxins are suspected of causing cancer, nervous system
disorders and foetal damage. Toxic metals in fish like cadmium, mercury,
lead and arsenic can cause health problems ranging from kidney damage and
mental retardation to cancer. They can be especially dangerous to unborn
children. Fortunately, the healthful substances found in fish can be obtained
from plant sources which contain no risk of contamination. For more information
Overfishing and the subsequent collapse of many commercial
fisheries has led to an increase in fish farming. The increase
in the number
of fish farms has adversely affected wild fish populations. Many
fish farms are found in coastal regions of the world. In the
Scottish lochs, where many of the UK’s fish farms are found,
there is a slow exchange rate of water, lochs containing fish
have unnaturally higher nutrient levels and eutrophic conditions
which inevitably lead to more frequent algal blooms.
There has been a dramatic rise in the amount of factory farmed
salmon produced in Scotland. There are 340 salmon farms in Scotland,
in 1980 the amount of salmon produced was 800 tonnes, in 2000 it
was 127,000 tonnes. Salmon are carnivorous, a large proportion of
the oceanic catch is caught to feed them - it takes 5 tons of fish
caught from the sea to produce one ton of factory farmed salmon.
Inland factory-farmed fish are kept in shallow concrete troughs.
The intensive crowding – as many as five fish per square foot – spreads
infection and parasites, so factory fish farmers use antibiotics
to get more fish fatter faster.
Parasites commonly found on factory farmed fish are also infecting
wild populations - wild fish would never come into contact with more
than a few lice during their lifetime. Increasing numbers of fish
farms has led to increasing numbers of lice in waters which effectively
eat fish alive.
Besides antibiotics, growth promoting drugs and disinfectants,
other chemicals used in fish farming include the pigment Canthaxanthin,
used to turn the fish's flesh from its natural grey to pink. Canthaxanthin
is banned as an additive in food but fed to fish which are bred to
be eaten. It is banned in the USA because it is believed to be carcinogenic.
According to the executive director of the Marine Aquatic Association,
farmed salmon are pale because they are denied their natural carotenoid-rich
As well as altering the natural balance of coastal waters, fish farms attract
fish-eating wildlife. So the fish farmers often try to protect their stocks
by killing the wildlife, including seals, otters, guillemots, herons, dolphins,
porpoises and basking sharks.
On March 4, 1998, a federal law in the US took effect that allows
fish farmers in 13 states to kill unlimited numbers of cormorants
to protect their profits. The US Fish & Wildlife Service estimates
that 92,000 of these birds will be killed by fish farmers each year—about
5 to 10 per cent of the North American population.
Seabird numbers plummet as a result of overfishing, while the catch
is fed to carnivorous fish and herbivorous livestock as high protein
Northern Hemisphere fish farms are commonly found in the same coastal areas
as those polluted by industry, human sewage and agriculture. It is inevitable
that fish will take in some of the toxins and concentrate them.
Fish farms also cause their own pollution. One ton of farmed trout
produces pollution equal to the untreated sewage of 200-300 people.
It has been estimated that the amount of pollution in Scotland due
to ammonia output from fish farming is comparable to sewage produced
by 9.4 million people. Faeces and food pellets are concentrated around
the netted underwater cage, but the bulk accumulates beneath the
cages. This toxic build-up causes de-oxygenation and can adversely
affect local wildlife communities. Eutrophication can occur as the
water is enriched with nitrates, phosphates and nitrogenous waste
Unfortunately, fish farming is now a global phenomenon for expensive
creatures such as prawns and yellow tails. The coastal areas chosen
for the farms are usually mangrove swamps, seen as useless areas
ripe for exploitation. In fact they provide the most productive and
important habitat in the oceans. Ninety per cent of marine fish rely
upon the amazing diversity provided by the mangroves, particularly
for spawning. Over 2,000 species of fish, crustaceans and plants
Mangroves act as buffers, they prevent flooding, stop erosion and
are the nursery of ocean life - and they are being ripped up faster
than anyone can count. Indonesia, the Philippines, Malaysia, Thailand,
Ecuador, Panama - clearance is rampant everywhere. The subtropical
regions of the world have lost 70 per cent of all mangrove swamps
since 1960, largely to fish farming. The construction of fish farms
has led to the decline in wild populations of fish and shell fish
in particular. Mangroves are destroyed as more farms are built, however
farms rely upon wild larvae to stock them, but numbers are dwindling
because they are destroying the very habitat from which they originate.
After a few years the farms have to be moved, cutting down yet more
mangroves. Desolation is left behind. | <urn:uuid:a32dab85-8074-4f26-be3e-cdd50e140072> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://viva.org.uk/campaigns/fish/index.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368708766848/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516125246-00002-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.942649 | 2,476 | 3.15625 | 3 |
Jewish refugees from Iraq (Photo: Pavel Wolberg)
There is no end in sight to the relentless stream of Haaretz critiques of the Israeli government's campaign for justice for Jewish refugees: Dimitry Shumsky
( 19 October) argues against the concept of an exchange of
refugee populations. The
Palestinians were not guilty of the expulsion of Jews in other Arab
countries, he claims, because they were not part of a unitary Arab state. My comments appear below.
"Let's consider the following hypothetical scenario: At the end of World War I the Allied Powers decide to offer national self-determination to the Arab entity of the Ottoman Empire, and give their blessing to the founding of a single, broad Arab state in the region. Immediately upon establishment, this new state halts Jewish immigration to the Land of Israel and begins a relentless persecution of the local Zionism movement, claiming that it threatens to rip the historic land from the Islamic nation.
"Following waves of illegal Jewish immigration, supported by those in the international community who reject self-determination for the Arabs at the expense of the Jews, the Zionist yishuv rebels against the Arab rulers. In the wake of a protracted war of independence, the Jews defeat the foreign ruler and carve out a Jewish national homeland alongside the Arab one.
"In the course of this war, the Arabs living in the Land of Israel flee to the safer regions of the Arab state, while the Jewish inhabitants of the Arab state flee to the Jewish territory. After the war these demographic trends are completed and formalized in a population transfer agreement, along the lines of the Greek-Turkish one in the 1920s.
"If the national struggle for the Land of Israel/Palestine in the last century unfolded according to this scenario, the comparison between the issue of Palestinian refugees and Jewish refugees from the Arab lands, which Israel's National Security Council is trying to create, would have been entirely acceptable. With all due respect to the pain experienced by the Palestinians, it is entirely possible to have envisioned a parallel refugee situation in which Jews from the Arab entity returned to the Jewish national homeland, while Arabs living in the Land of Israel returned to the Arab state.
"Luckily for Zionism, a sovereign Arab state did not arise in place of the Ottoman Empire. Instead the Arab territories were severed by the Western powers into separate countries in a process that strengthened tribe loyalties and deepened the cultural alienation among different Arab populations, creating or shaping new Arab national identities based on local territory.
"Despite shared language and religion, there is more that separates the Arabs of Palestine from the Arabs of Morocco, Egypt or Iraq than unites them, just like for hundreds of years there was more that separated Bavarian Germans from Saxon Germans, or Tyrolean Italians from Neapolitan than united them.
"In this context, it’s understandable that the Palestinians -- who did not reject the justified Israeli demands that Arab countries compensate Jewish refugees -- do not accept the comparison between Jewish refugees from Arab lands and Palestinian refugees from the Land of Israel/ Palestine.
"Despite absorption difficulties and exclusion at the hands of the Ashkenazi establishment, the immigrant-refugees from Arab states ended up in their national and political homeland. In contrast, the Palestinian refugees have continued their refugee existence in Arab states, both because of rejection by the residents of those states, whose ethnic identities and interests have nothing in common with the Palestinians, and because of their own ongoing connection with their homeland.
"That being the case, it is best not to blur the reality. In the eyes of Palestinians, Palestine, not other Arab states, is their national homeland – and not just in a symbolic way. It is incumbent upon Israel to recognize that reality, just as it is incumbent upon the Palestinians to recognize the parallel reality that the entire Land of Israel will remain, in the eyes of Jews, their national homeland – and not just symbolically. "
Arab states began acting in concert from 1945, with the formation of the Arab League. Even before the Palestinian exodus, the Political Committee of the Arab
League hatched a plan for the official victimisation of Jewish citizens
in Arab states, identified as citizens of the ‘Jewish minority of
Palestine’. Before the mass exodus of Palestinians, It drafted a law in December 1947 freezing bank accounts, confiscating assets and stripping Jews of citizenship.
As well as persecuting Jews, the Arab League is responsible for the
non-resettlement of Palestinian refugees in their own countries: a 1949
law denying Palestinian refugees the right to citizenship has yet to
be repealed. The issue has nothing to do with 'ethnic identities and
interests different to Palestinian' ones, but is a matter of elementary
human and civil rights.
The pro-Nazi Palestinian leader, Haj Amin al-Husseini, together with some
500 Palestinians and Syrians, incited Jew-hatred leading to the Farhud pogrom
against the Jews of Iraq in 1941. He sought Nazi license to
exterminate Jews in Arab countries as well as Palestine “ in the same
way as the problem was resolved in the Axis Countries".
The Palestinian leadership cannot be
absolved from responsibility for the exodus of Jews from Arab lands that
followed within 10 years.
The Mufti dragged the other Arab states into war against the nascent Jewish state in 1948. Thousands of Palestinian Jews fled areas conquered by the Arab legion -
Jerusalem and the West Bank.
It must also be said that the Arab side were the first to link the two
sets of refugees by proposing the exchange of Palestinian refugees for
Iraqi Jews – an exchange they were later to renege on.
Shumsky argues unconvincingly that what separates the Arabs of Palestine from the Arabs of Morocco for instance, is greater than what unites them. Yet
the PLO national charter states Palestine is an indivisible part of the
Arab homeland, and the Palestinian people are an integral part of the
To quote Ahmed Tibi’s immortal words: "how many homelands do you need"? There are 21 Arab states;
Jordan already has a majority of Palestinans. The Palestinians have
consistently refused all offers to partition the land west of the
What divides Israeli Jews
of Moroccan origin and German origin is a good deal greater than what
divides Arabs of Morocco and Iraq – differences of language, culture and
mentality - yet Shumsky insists that all Jewish immigrants belong to
the Jewish homeland. | <urn:uuid:b6dc28a3-3440-490c-bbf2-f86afa905a03> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://jewishrefugees.blogspot.com/2012/10/how-many-homelands-do-palestinians-need.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368704132298/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516113532-00035-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.937579 | 1,341 | 2.15625 | 2 |
No. Paul was advocating kicking him out of the Church, not killing him.
The fact that it means to kick the person out of the Church is clarified in verse 12: (Emphasis added.)
12 What business is it of mine to judge those outside the church? Are
you not to judge those inside? 13 God will judge those outside. “Expel
the wicked person from among you.”
The way I understand it is this: The idea is to not turn a blind eye to sin, but to confront it and deal with it, particularly within the body of the Church. To turn a blind eye to sin does nothing but encourage it. To confront it and make it clear that it is not to be tolerated within the Church is better, because it forces the sinner to either acknowledge the sin and repent, or leave the Church, where they will not pollute it further.
A person cannot repent if they are put to death, so this clearly cannot be stating that we are to put the sinner to death.
There is a nice version of this verse here that clarifies the meaning of the original Greek word that is translated as "the flesh". Due to language difference and cultural differences, the original meaning often gets lost in translation.
1 Corinthians 5:5 In contexts like this, the Greek word for flesh
(sarx) refers to the sinful state of human beings, often presented as
a power in opposition to the Spirit. | <urn:uuid:aa60397f-63af-468d-a950-c32859a2ea60> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://christianity.stackexchange.com/questions/3498/was-paul-advocating-killing-a-man-because-of-sexual-immorality/3500 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368703682988/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516112802-00010-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.956444 | 302 | 1.742188 | 2 |
The annual Munich Security Conference, which took place last
weekend, usually yields one or two memorable speeches, which help
set the international stage for the year or years to come. In 2007,
Russian President Putin set a tone of confrontation by
belligerently attacking the United States for its overbearing
foreign policy, primarily in Iraq. And in the early days of the
George W. Bush presidency, Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld made
history -- and many enemies in Europe - by referring to Germany and
France as "old Europe." (By implication, that made the East and
Central Europeans "new Europe," a role they have much relished.)
What is said at Munich is often a good indicator of things to
This year, Vice President Joe Biden provided a highly memorable
moment, delivering a particularly mealy-mouthed exposition of U.S.
foreign policy, the most memorable phrase of which related to the
U.S.-Russian relationship. About the country that only last summer
invaded a sovereign nation in its neighborhood, Georgia, and which
repeatedly threatens its neighbors with cutting off their energy
supplies and other more aggressive measures, Mr. Biden said, "The
last few years have seen a dangerous drift in relations between
Russia and the members of our Alliance - it is time to reset the
button and revisit the many areas where we can and should work
Now, Mr. Biden is famous for his - shall we say - colorful off
the cuff remarks, but this was a prepared speech delivered on
behalf of the new administration in Washington. So this bizarre
statement was likely not a slip of the tongue, at least not
entirely. Mr. Biden probably did not mean "reset the button," which
makes little sense, but "hit the reset button," which would mean
wiping the slate clean in computereese. Doing so would in effect
grant Russia its ill-gotten gains in Georgia. He also invited
Russia to integrate more closely into NATO structures. In his press
conference Monday night, President Obama himself invited Russia to
work with the United States to pressure Iran to come to the
negotiating table, a statement that would be funny were it not so
Equally troubling in Mr. Biden's speech was the absence of
commitment to missile defense in Europe, the so-called "third site"
for which a radar is to be installed in the Czech Republic and 10
interceptors in Poland. It appears that the Obama administration is
ready to do a deal with the Russian government on nuclear arms
reduction, possibly in exchange for abandoning U.S. missile
defense, all of which is deeply troubling.
In all, Mr. Biden spoke as though peace had broken out, a
favorite illusion of Europeans. Russian aggressiveness was swept
under the rug. Iran was offered an out-stretched hand to enter into
negotiations over their nuclear program in a new spirit of "mutual
respect" that would offer the Iranian mullahs incentives whenever
they are ready to talk about giving up their nuclear weapons. Well,
now that sweetness and light have broken out, the Iranian regime
will surely put away their nuclear plans, right?
And despite the fact that the Obama administration is talking
tough on Afghanistan, which Mr. Biden called its top foreign policy
issue, the global war on terror does seem to be over from the U.S.
perspective. The struggle against Islamist radicals and terrorists
is no longer central to U.S. foreign policy. Instead Mr. Biden
invited U.S. allies in Europe and the Muslim world to work with the
United States against "a small number of extremists." This is a
radical departure from the monumental efforts made by the Bush
administration to keep Americans safe from terrorist attacks, and
will no doubt be greeted joyfully in Al Qaeda circles.
As a matter of fact, Mr. Biden effectively offered to hit the
reset button of U.S. foreign policy on a great range of
international issues. In many respects, the speech signaled a
complete break with the Bush era and did so to the great delight of
the European audience. Things had gotten off to a rocky start
between European leaders and the Obama administration as the "buy
America" provisions of the trillion dollar economic stimulus
package affronted Europeans as a violation of international trade
agreements. Mr. Biden's mandate was to get the Europeans to simmer
down, and by the end of his platitudinous oration, he had them
eating out of his hand. Unfortunately.
Helle Dale is
director of the Douglas and Sarah Allison Center for Foreign Policy
Studies at the Heritage Foundation.
First Appeared in the Washington Times
The annual Munich Security Conference, which took place last weekend, usually yields one or two memorable speeches, which help set the international stage for the year or years to come. In 2007, Russian President Putin set a tone of confrontation by belligerently attacking the United States for its overbearing foreign policy, primarily in Iraq. And in the early days of the George W. Bush presidency, Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld made history - and many enemies in Europe - by referring to Germany and France as "old Europe." (By implication, that made the East and Central Europeans "new Europe," a role they have much relished.) What is said at Munich is often a good indicator of things to come.
American Leadership Initiative of the Leadership for America Campaign
Helle C. Dale
Senior Fellow for Public Diplomacy
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© 2013, The Heritage Foundation Conservative policy research since 1973 | <urn:uuid:728b236c-9daf-4a89-8341-5dbec41226b0> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.heritage.org/research/commentary/2009/02/another-munich-surrender | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368698207393/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516095647-00012-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.953167 | 1,452 | 1.648438 | 2 |
- Microsfere is a French NGO, created on the basis of Law 1901. It's creation date is October 3 2007, with registration number W691069155, in the prefecture of Rhone-Alpes, France.
- The photographic material has been kindly provided by the photographers indicated in the title of each photograph. In addition, the bird and butterfly photographs on the graphics banner have been kindly provided by Ravinder Seghal.
- Our warmest thanks to Christine Archambault, for her invaluable help with the french translations.
- Microsfere is not responsible for the content of the external links. | <urn:uuid:fd9420b8-5b90-4e62-91d7-337bf4524096> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.microsfere.org/en/legal-mentions.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368709037764/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516125717-00042-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.920725 | 128 | 1.796875 | 2 |
The Penguins Are Three Weeks Old
Today these chicks are three weeks old. They are almost as tall as the adults. They need a huge amount of food and in a few days these chicks will be left to themselves in the nest as both parents will need to forage for food to meets their growing needs. At this point they are big enough to fend off the Skua attacks, although some Skuas will attack them anyway. This year chicks are fat because the open water is not far and parental trips to find food take sometimes only a day. This makes for a plentiful supply of food and a busy colony with much coming and going. With open water coming closer to us, we expect to see whales off the shore soon.
Go to the Next Postcard
Postcards from the Field: Antarctica | <urn:uuid:f1d5eff3-16f0-4e71-9b97-08509b0bbe45> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.windows2universe.org/people/postcards/jean_pennycook_12_29_0.html&edu=high | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368710006682/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516131326-00041-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.979133 | 162 | 2.453125 | 2 |
Toronto’s Underpass Park turns an urban blight into a delightful playground
Explore This Story
It’s pretty easy to build new parks and public spaces in a city with lots of unencumbered land. But that’s just not Toronto. This city is already built out, and up.
That’s why Toronto’s newest park is such an exciting creation. It’s in the emerging West Don Lands neighbourhood, directly underneath the Don Valley Parkway overpasses to downtown. As such, Underpass Park isn’t just a welcome new recreation space, it’s an act of reclamation. It brings forgotten, derelict space back into public use.
An urban blight that was a welcome sight to graffiti taggers and few others now offers creative playground and climbing structures for kids and benches for their weary parents and grandparents. There are courts for a game of pickup basketball and a skateboard park where teens can test their moves on the decks and rails. It’s all protected from sun and rain by the overpass above.
The next phase of the park heads west, where the sun does manage to make an appearance through the maze of concrete ramps, and so there will be trees and space for community gardens for the area’s new residents.
But even with the addition of some greenery, this will never be the sort of park where people will go and forget they’re in the middle of Canada’s largest city. The urban structure of the city is what makes this park possible.
The park’s final phase is scheduled to be complete next spring, but if Waterfront Toronto has its way, it will never really be finished. The park’s open areas are designed to be flexible, providing space for a farmers’ market or a temporary café or whatever the area’s residents decide they want. Public spaces that change to accommodate a community’s needs — what a great idea.
The DVP overpasses divide the West Don Lands neighbourhood that will be home to thousands of new residents in much the same way that the Gardiner Expressway cuts the city off from the lake. But Underpass Park effectively turns what could have been a dreary passageway into a destination itself.
Torontonians will always love the few big open green spaces that we have but this new park reminds us that we shouldn’t overlook the innovative things that can be done with less traditional spaces.
- Updated Mayor Rob Ford breaks his silence, says he does not use crack cocaine
- Canadian trucker hit Washington bridge that collapsed
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- NEW LIVE: Blue Jays vs. Orioles
- Updated Canada ranked third-worst among affluent nations for paid vacation
- NEW Flea market philosopher sells his collection, imparts wisdom in a mall basement
- Beer price hike at Rogers Centre a tipping point for concession workers
- Fresh Air Fund: Camp helped create a hero | <urn:uuid:632cec72-6aaa-4d7c-9bec-fa6fe52442e3> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.thestar.com/opinion/editorials/2012/07/29/torontos_underpass_park_turns_an_urban_blight_into_a_delightful_playground.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368705195219/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516115315-00026-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.923319 | 614 | 1.539063 | 2 |
Employers recognize that substance abuse in the workplace can often lead to absenteeism, tardiness, sick leave, increased safety risks, and overall lower productivity. As a result, in an effort to ensure a safe and responsible work environment, many establish a written disciplinary policy towards alcohol and drug use. An alcohol and drug policy typically includes a comprehensive description of prohibited behavior, a notice of the penalties for violating the policy, and options for rehabilitation and recovery. Employees are also notified of the substances covered and the means used to monitor compliance. Usually, employers look for visible signs like impaired performance, erratic behavior, or slurred speech when approaching an employee who's suspected of substance abuse. Sometimes, companies may administer drug tests, especially if the work that's being done is high risk or dangerous. Drug tests may be performed either at the time of hire, during employment, or both. Employers may also conduct random drug tests without prior notice to ensure the accuracy of the results. However, many state and federal courts have ruled that random testing programs in public workplaces must be based on individualized suspicion. Furthermore, the employee's identity and test results should remain confidential. If you test positive to a drug or alcohol test or violate any terms of your company's drug and alcohol use policy, employers may take remedial action by requiring that you undergo mandatory substance abuse counseling. You may also be subject to suspension or termination. Furthermore, remember that most states deny unemployment and workers' compensation benefits to employees who are discharged for a positive drug or alcohol test result or employees who are injured as a result of abusing drugs or alcohol. | <urn:uuid:d38d64f4-8af2-4621-a819-efed5935421b> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.utv44.com/mostpopular/story/Alcohol-or-drug-use/6E6x1zt6nU6nFhNwDIji3Q.cspx | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368708142388/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516124222-00012-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.948559 | 322 | 1.75 | 2 |
PIERO DI COSIMO
(b. 1462, Firenze, d. 1521, Firenze)
Florentine painter, a pupil of Cosimo Rosselli, whose Christian name he adopted as a patronym. There are no signed, documented, or dated works by him, and reconstruction of his oeuvre depends on the account given in Vasari's Lives. It is one of Vasari's most entertaining biographies, for he portrays Piero as a highly eccentric character who lived on hard-boiled eggs, "which he cooked while he was boiling his glue, to save the firing".
Piero helped Cosimo Rosselli in decorating the Sistine Chapel. Following this debut, his career progressed slowly, bur his style changed. He was influenced by Leonardo and by Luca Signorelli and Filippino Lippi. He excelled at painting animals with a sympathy rare in his age.
The paintings for which he is best known are appropriately idiosyncratic - fanciful mythological inventions, inhabited by fauns, centaurs, and primitive men. There is sometimes a spirit of low comedy about these delightful works, but in the so-called Death of Procris (National Gallery, London) he created a poignant scene of the utmost pathos and tenderness. He was a marvellous painter of animals and the dog in this picture, depicted with a mournful dignity, is one of his most memorable creations.
Piero also painted portraits, the finest of which is that of Simonetta Vespucci (Musée Condé, Chantilly), in which she is depicted as Cleopatra with the asp around her neck. His religious works are somewhat more conventional, although still distinctive. One of his outstanding religious works is the Immaculate Conception (Uffizi, Florence), which seems to have been the compositional model for the Madonna of the Harpies by his pupil Andrea del Sarto. | <urn:uuid:c2a30052-cb07-4f1e-86be-4094fec95c3e> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.wga.hu/bio/p/piero_co/biograph.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368697380733/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516094300-00033-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.978961 | 410 | 2.453125 | 2 |
Queries and Answers: Caring for Fragile Books
Joyce asked, “I have a very old genealogy book that is falling apart. How can I preserve it? Someone suggested laminating the pages.”
Gosh…lamination is one of the deadliest sins of preserving items. It literally destroys materials. The combination of poor quality plastic, heat and adhesive speed deterioration. As for caring for a crumbling book, library suppliers sell an acid and lignin free enclosures like these sold by Hollinger Corp. Your local library will have product catalogs that contain other types of protective enclosures. Just make sure you buy something acid and lignin free. | <urn:uuid:11d98420-5f37-4df9-94bb-64669562658d> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.maureentaylor.com/book-preservation/queries-and-answers-caring-for-fragile-books/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368705195219/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516115315-00009-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.916495 | 139 | 2.453125 | 2 |
In 2006 two Texas plants and one in Illinois slaughtered nearly 105,000 horses for human food, mainly for European and Asian consumers. The 109th Congress voted to limit the use of FY2006 appropriated funds for such slaughter, but it continued, funded by industry user fees. In 2007, court action effectively closed the Texas plants, and a new state ban in Illinois closed its plant. Debate revolves around the acceptability of horse slaughter, and how to care for and/or humanely dispose of horses if they no longer went for human food. In the 110th Congress, the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2008 (H.R. 2764) bans appropriated funds and user fees for inspection of horses for human food. Pending H.R. 503 and S. 311 also would ban horse slaughter.
Nearly 105,000 horses were slaughtered for human food in 2006, all in two Texas plants and a third in Illinois, according to the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA). Virtually all was for export; the largest markets were France, Belgium, Switzerland, Italy, Japan, and Mexico. The United States exported more than 17,000 metric tons of horse meat valued at about $65 million in 2006. Most of these horses are raised for other purposes, like riding, but are no longer wanted by owners. Dealers collect them for the foreign-owned plants from auctions, boarding facilities, and elsewhere. Although U.S. horse slaughter had been rising since 2002, it remained below levels of the 1980s, when more than 300,000 were processed annually in at least 16 federally inspected plants.
The U.N. Food and Agriculture Organization estimates that Canada and Mexico respectively slaughtered a total of 88,000 and 626,000 head for horsemeat in 2005; a portion of these were shipped from the United States. (According to USDA, the United States in 2005 exported more than 21,000 live horses to Canada and more than 11,000 to Mexico. Many are believed to have been destined for slaughter for food.)
Federal laws neither ban the use of equines for food nor set on-farm care standards. Protection usually is subject to varying state and local laws. Some of these laws may set care standards, although more are likely to be anti-cruelty measures. However, U.S. horse slaughter plants were long subject to the Federal Meat Inspection Act (FMIA) of 1906, as amended (21 U.S.C. 601 et seq.), which requires USDA to inspect all cattle, sheep, swine, goats, and equines slaughtered and processed into products for human food. This act, administered by USDA’s Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS), aims to ensure that meat and meat products from these animals are safe, wholesome, and properly labeled. FSIS safety inspection is mandatory, and most costs must be covered by appropriated funds, except for overtime and holiday periods. Meat inspectors also are charged with enforcing the Humane Slaughter Act (7 U.S.C. 1901 et seq.), requiring that livestock (but not poultry) be rendered unconscious prior to slaughter.
Plants also can request that graders from USDA’s Agricultural Marketing Service (AMS) be placed in their plants to assign official grades to their products based on quality traits and yield. Plants pay user fees for this inspection service, which is voluntary and conducted under authority of the Agricultural Marketing Act (AMA) of 1946 as amended (7 U.S.C. §§1621 et seq.). The 1946 AMA is also the authority FSIS uses to provide voluntary food safety inspections of animals and products not specifically covered by either the Federal Meat Inspection Act or the Poultry Products Inspection Act.
Horses often had to be shipped long distances to reach the few plants that, until 2007, were slaughtering them. Horse practitioners and welfare groups gained passage of language in the 1996 farm bill (P.L. 104-127, Title IX-A, Commercial Transportation of Equine for Slaughter, 7 U.S.C. note) that authorizes the Secretary of Agriculture to issue guidelines for regulating such transport, subject to available appropriations. USDA’s Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) developed the guidelines with the cooperation of horse groups, and they became effective February 5, 2002.1
Several states — including Texas — have laws aimed at preventing the slaughter of horses for human food. A federal lawsuit filed by the owners of the two Texas slaughter plants, Beltex Corporation and Dallas Crown, Inc., sought to clarify that the Texas state law banning the sale of horsemeat, first passed in 1949, was not enforceable and that they should not be prosecuted. The U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Texas in Forth Worth had earlier agreed with the plants’ owners that the law had been repealed, was preempted by the FMIA, and violated the dormant Commerce Clause of the U.S. Constitution. However, on January 19, 2007, a panel of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit rejected all three arguments, declaring the Texas law to be in force and clearing the way for the state attorney general to prosecute the plant owners if they continued to operate. The two plants have ceased slaughtering for human food, and state legislation (H.B. 2476; S.B. 1742) to legalize operations did not pass during the 2007 session.
Elsewhere, the Illinois legislature in May 2007 passed a law banning horse slaughter. The Illinois plant (owned by Cavel International) was able to operate until September 2007, when the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit ruled that the state law does not violate the interstate and foreign commerce clauses of the U.S. Constitution.
Recent Federal Legislation
FY2006 USDA Appropriation
During debate on Department of Agriculture FY2006 appropriation (H.R. 2744), the House on June 8, 2005, approved, 269 to 158, a Sweeney amendment to prohibit funds provided in the measure to pay for the ante- mortem inspection of horses under the meat inspection act. On September 20, 2005, the Senate adopted an identical floor amendment by Senator Ensign, by a 69 to 28 vote. The final conference report (H.Rept. 109-255), signed as P.L. 109-97 on November 10, 2005, retained this amendment, but delayed the effective date for 120 days.
Because the FMIA has long required FSIS inspection of equines (like other designated livestock species) before the meat may enter commerce, the amendment’s supporters presumed that the plants could no longer process them for human food. However, the final House-Senate report states: “It is the understanding of the conferees that the Department is obliged under existing statutes to provide for the inspection of meat intended for human consumption (domestic and exported). The conferees recognize that the funding limitation in § 794 prohibits the use of appropriations only for payment of salaries or expenses of personnel to inspect horses.”
Subsequently, the three plants, on November 23, 2005, petitioned Department of Agriculture for voluntary ante-mortem inspection under the 1946 AMA, with the ante-mortem portion funded by user fees. The plants and other horse slaughter supporters noted that the relatively narrow wording of the Sweeney-Ensign language only prohibits use of funds for ante-mortem horse inspection under the FMIA, not for other, post-slaughter inspection activities. They also cited the conference report language, which states that USDA still is obliged to conduct inspections.
On February 8, 2006, USDA-FSIS cited the AMA authority to publish such an interim rule. FSIS amended existing regulations that apply to “exotic species” (bison, deer, etc.), adding a new subpart that applies to horses starting March 10, 2006. Under the new rule, USDA uses many of the same FMIA guidelines for ante-mortem horse inspection. Also, post-mortem horse inspection could continue under the FMIA, using appropriated funds.2 Congressional supporters of the original Sweeney/Ensign amendment objected to the rule, declaring that it circumvented their clear intent to halt horse slaughter.
FY2008 USDA Appropriation
The version of the FY2008 USDA appropriation (H.R. 3161, § 738) passed by the House in late July 2007 would continue a prohibition against using appropriated funds to inspect horses prior to slaughter for human food. Furthermore, the measure would prohibit the USDA-FSIS rule (see above) that has provided for the collection of user fees as well. The committee-reported Senate version (S. 1859) did not include the ban. In lieu of a freestanding FY2008 bill, Congress included USDA funding as Division A of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2008 (H.R. 2764), which was signed by the President on December 26, 2007. This consolidated act (§ 741) includes the House language to ban appropriated funds and user fees for horse inspection.
Horse Protection Act
Representative Schakowsky and Senator Landrieu have introduced bills into the 110th Congress (H.R. 503, S. 311) to prohibit permanently the movement and slaughter of horses for human food. These measures, which mirror proposals (H.R. 503; S. 1915) in the 109th Congress by Representative Sweeney and Senator Ensign, would amend the Horse Protection Act (15 U.S.C. §1821 et seq.), which currently makes it a crime to exhibit or transport for the purpose of exhibition any “sore” horse (i.e., one whose feet have been injured to alter its gait). The Schakowsky and Landrieu bills would prohibit the “shipping, transporting, moving, delivering, receiving, possessing, purchasing, selling, or donation of any horse or other equine to be slaughtered for human consumption.” The bills would permit USDA to detain for examination and evidence any horse for which it has probable cause that the animal will be slaughtered for food. Violators would be subject to specified criminal and civil penalties and prison terms. The bills would increase the authorization of appropriations for administering the act from $500,000 to $5 million annually.
In the 109th Congress, the full House had approved H.R. 503 by a 263-146 vote on September 7, 2006, turning aside opposition, and major changes made earlier, by the House Agriculture Committee. Senate action on S. 1915 did not occur. In the 108th Congress, proposed bills (H.R. 857 and S. 2352) to halt horse slaughter differed in detail from the more recent measures. For example, these earlier bills did not amend the Horse Protection Act. H.R. 857 and S. 2352 also explicitly would have required officials to work with animal welfare societies and animal control departments to place confiscated horses temporarily with a nonprofit animal rescue facility, required the owner of a confiscated horse to post a bond sufficient to provide for 60 days of care, and required the Secretary to make grants to specified animal rescue facilities willing to accept confiscated horses.
Wild Horses and Burros
A somewhat related issue revolves around provisions of the Wild Free-Roaming Horses and Burros Act of 1971 (16 U.S.C. §1331 et seq.), which seeks to protect wild horses and burros on federal lands. At issue has been whether, and under what conditions, such horses could be acquired and eventually sold for slaughter. An explanation of this issue can be found in CRS Report RS22347, Wild Horse and Burro Issues, by Carol Hardy Vincent.
Most U.S. and Canadian consumers view horses as performance and companion animals rather than food. Horse protection and animal welfare groups contend that Americans overwhelmingly favor an end to horse slaughter for human food, a practice such groups have called cruel and unnecessary. According to these groups, horses are transported long distances often in deplorable conditions in poorly equipped trucks and trailers, where they are exposed to bad weather and often inadequate rest, food, and water.
However, a veterinary journal article counters: “Market demand for horsemeat for human consumption is almost certain to continue and may grow in the foreseeable future. It is therefore proper and necessary that we continue to work with national and international groups to provide humane care for horses intended for slaughter and maintain as much consensus and practicality on these issues as possible.” 3
One concern expressed by opponents of a ban on horse slaughter is that “rescued” horses are more likely to become neglected and abused by owners who lack the knowledge, financial resources, and/or interest to care for them. At the same time, the existing U.S. horse infrastructure cannot absorb the large numbers of animals that would be confiscated or otherwise diverted from slaughter as a result of a slaughter prohibition, opponents of such a ban believe. The American Horse Protection Association (AHPA) is opposed to the slaughter of horses for food but did not endorse the slaughter ban bills in the 108th Congress. AHPA, which maintains a list of U.S. and foreign horse sanctuaries, had observed that not all sanctuaries may have the means or business skills to take in large numbers of horses, and that no nationwide standard-setting or oversight system exists for them.4 A Texas rescue group stated: “Some equine rescues are large organizations with a system of checks that keep everyone honest. Others may be small one or two person operations. There are no national oversight organizations that can verify the honesty of a nonprofit equine rescue.” 5
The National Horse Protection Coalition (NHPC) asserted that sanctuary associations have accreditation programs and “strict guidelines” for the sanctuaries, and that state and local animal welfare laws exist to ensure humane animal care. Others counter that such guidelines, if they exist, have not been endorsed or overseen by any nationally recognized authority, and that most state and local laws are anti-cruelty measures, not proactive care standards.
Some, including the Humane Society of the United States (HSUS), have observed that equine shelters are less well-established than cat and dog shelters, which often are associated with local governments and humane societies. Citing the “extreme costs” and staff time needed to shelter horses, HSUS warned of needing to be aware of “distinctions between sheltering horses and sheltering other companion animals.” 6 The American Association of Equine Practitioners (AAEP) estimated that the cost of a horse’s basic care approximates $1,825 annually, exclusive of veterinary and farrier care. A more recent study estimated the annual cost of caring for an unwanted horse at $2,340.7
NHPC has argued: “Not every horse currently going to slaughter will be rescued by one of these non-profit organizations, but many horses will be kept longer, will be sold directly to a new owner ... or will be humanely euthanized by a licensed veterinarian,” among other alternatives. Euthanasia methods — primarily chemical injection and in some emergency situations, gunshots — are considered by the NHPC and others to be more humane than slaughter, which generally involves stunning with a captive bolt to make the animal unconscious before it is killed and bled. Euthanasia averages from $50 to $150 per horse, a “tiny fraction of the cost of keeping a horse as a companion or work animal,” NHPC has stated in response to arguments about the high expense of dealing with a horse diverted from slaughter.8
Opponents of a slaughter ban contend that disposing of many additional horses each year could create environmental problems, such as soil and groundwater contamination. Ban supporters counter that hundreds of thousands of U.S. horses die naturally or are euthanized each year, and are now safely disposed of. Many are not buried but sent to rendering plants, where their remains are used in industrial products and animal feeds. Renderers already handle millions of cattle and hogs that die before slaughter; another 90,000 horses easily could be absorbed into the existing system, ban supporters maintain.9
As the 110th Congress begins its second session, one aspect of the debate that could re-emerge is whether the unwanted horses that had been sent to U.S. packing plants are now simply moving into Canada and Mexico to be slaughtered there — and if so, what if anything should be done to halt the practice. Supporters of H.R. 503 and S. 311 continue to seek passage of this legislation, which, they believe, would ban such transport.
- Other federal laws protect horses used in research, and ban “soring” for shows. See CRS Report 94-731 A, Brief Summaries of Federal Animal Protection Statutes, by Henry Cohen.
- USDA’s rule estimated that the new fees would amount to between $68,000 to $102,000 during FY2006. Total salary costs for the six federal inspectors who staff the three horse processing plants are about $400,000 per year; this excludes some expenses such as lab fees and the costs of relief inspectors. Source: May 16, 2006 telephone communication with FSIS budget official.
- Reece and others, “Equine Slaughter Transport — Update on Research and Regulations,” Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, April 15, 2000.
- Personal communication, May 4, 2004, AHPA.
- Habitat for Horses, Inc., Texas, at .
- HSUS, Animal Sheltering, May-June 2000 issue.
- “The Unintended Consequences of a Ban on the Humane Slaughter (Processing) of Horses in the United States,” for the Animal Welfare Council, May 15, 2006. The study set the total U.S. horse population at 9.2 million. See .
- Former NHPC website, accessed in May 2004. In early 2008, the NHPC was redirecting its website visitors to the National Horse Protection League at .
- One expert estimated that almost 200,000 deceased horses must be disposed of annually; about a third are processed for human food. Source: Messer, Nat T. IV, DVM. “The Plight of the Unwanted Horse: Scope of the Problem,” at an April 19, 2005, Washington, D.C. workshop.
Disclaimer: This article is taken wholly from, or contains information that was originally published by, the Congressional Research Service. Topic editors and authors for the Encyclopedia of Earth may have edited its content or added new information. The use of information from the Congressional Research Service should not be construed as support for or endorsement by that organization for any new information added by EoE personnel, or for any editing of the original content. | <urn:uuid:6113c393-02cc-4643-a595-00e219cb9cc8> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.eoearth.org/article/Horse_Slaughter_Prevention_Bills_and_Issues | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368701852492/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516105732-00012-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.953651 | 3,849 | 3.015625 | 3 |
This book provides a data-based approach to present and future developments in the Muslim world. This is an unusual approach to this topic that highlights important underlying forces in current and projected future economic and social behaviour that range from prices of gasoline to terrorism and related activities. In the context of the rich histories of Muslim cultures, the effects of rapid changes in economic and social trends are examined, as well as the effect of Western policies which have often exacerbated underlying tensions in these fast-growing populations, extending to the trouble and hostilities that are currently being manifested in proposed interpretations by al-Qaeda and similar organizations. This volume also suggests an approach that deals with the high illiteracy rates and inadequate education facilities in many Muslim countries.It is a new volume in the established "ISETE" series. It focuses on the economics of the Muslim world, including hot topics such as terrorism and oil-prices.
W.W. Cooper is the Foster Parker Professor of Finance and Management in the Red McCombs School of Business and the Nadya Kozmetsky Scott Fellow of the IC2 Institute of the University of Texas at Austin. Author or coauthor of more than 500 scientific-professional articles and 27 books or monographs, he holds honorary D.Sc. degrees from Ohio State and Carnegie Mellon Universities in the U.S. and the degree of Doctor Honoris Causa at the University of Alicante in Spain. A fellow of the Econometric and other societies, he is in the Accounting Hall of Fame and the International Operational Research Hall of Fame maintained by the International Federation of Operational Research Societies. Piyu Yue is a Principal Investigator in the IC2 Institute of the University of Texas at Austin. A Ph.D. in Economics she was formerly a member of the staff of the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis and is the author of several books. | <urn:uuid:6c33824d-77c7-4bbc-9bd7-b0a197ced890> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://books.emeraldinsight.com/display.asp?K=9780444532435&sf1=contributor&st1=William%20w/2%20W%20w/2%20Cooper&cur=EUR&sort=sort_date/d&m=1&dc=1 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368698924319/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516100844-00065-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.954372 | 376 | 1.914063 | 2 |
The Obama administration defended its frayed relationship with Pakistan and neighboring Afghanistan on Capitol Hill, Thursday.
Testifying before the House Foreign Affairs Committee, Secretary of State Hillary Clinton said it isn't always easy working with the war-torn countries, but walking away would undermine America's national security interests.
Those remarks were intended to calm lawmakers upset about Afghan President Hamid Karzai's claim that his country would fight alongside Pakistan if it were ever in a theoretical war against the U.S.
Ten years after the Taliban were sent packing, thousands of American troops are still in Afghanistan.
"Now more than ever, President Karzai's insult to America tells me that it's time for our country to stop pouring our limited taxpayer dollars and losing precious American lives in a country where we aren't even welcome," Sen. Joe Manchin, D-W.Va., a member of the Senate Armed Services Committee, said this week.
"And even worse, where they have the gall to threaten to side against us," he added.
Meanwhile, Clinton also called the plight of Christians and other religious minorities in Pakistan deeply distressing, noting that some are treated "brutally."
"This is one of our biggest problems in the world right now, is there needs to be a greater acceptance of religious tolerance," she told lawmakers.
Clinton, who just returned from the region, said one of the negative consequences to the Arab Spring revolutions, is a growing tide of religious intolerance. | <urn:uuid:bdeffaba-0fb9-45b6-869f-b06c9a172611> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.cbn.com/cbnnews/world/2011/October/Irate-Lawmakers-Question-US-Pakistan-Afghan-Ties/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368697974692/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516095254-00033-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.972637 | 299 | 2.140625 | 2 |
· Medical Health Appraisal: (Physical Examination) of students in Levels Pre K, 2nd, and 4th grades, and all new entrants. Parents who prefer to have their children examined by their private physician are requested to contact the school nurse for the necessary health form prior to physicals set up by the school. Only physicals completed within the past year will be accepted.
· Annual Screening Procedures: The following are annual screening procedures:
*Vision *Pediculosis (Head Lice)
*Hearing *Color Perception
*Height and Weight *Scoliosis (Levels 4 & 5)
· Accident and Emergency Treatment: Any
accidents or injuries during the school day
will be assessed by the Health Office.
· Emergencies at School: We have a
well-qualified team who responds to both
medical and non-medical emergencies. When
you are in the building and you hear that
“Plan A is in effect”, the team will be
responding. Please keep all hallways clear
until you hear, “Plan A is no longer in effect”
over the PA system. | <urn:uuid:b4371a56-f1bb-438c-9c15-19ce2613113d> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.hamburgschools.org/domain/629 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368705953421/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516120553-00044-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.949652 | 239 | 1.695313 | 2 |
Visiting the Sacramento Peak Facilities
The National Solar Observatory at Sacramento Peak welcomes visitors during the daytime. For a list of daytime facilities, read the site directions. The Observatory offers various kinds of tours, including a virtual tour that you can take right now.
The observatory lies in the Lincoln National Forest in the Sacramento Mountains, near Cloudcroft, New Mexico, which offer hiking trails, views of the Tularosa Basin (including White Sands National Monument) and (winter) snow fun. If you are thinking about visiting us, please read the road directions.
Sunspot Astronomy and Visitors Center
The Sunspot Astronomy and Visitor Center first opened its doors in July 1997. It is the result of a collaboration between NSO/Sacramento Peak (our observatory), Apache Point Observatory (our next-door neighbors), and the USDA Forest Service. | <urn:uuid:b1709664-4a85-4356-9c60-50e5a776a751> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://nsosp.nso.edu/pr | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368705953421/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516120553-00039-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.913056 | 175 | 2.21875 | 2 |
Last modified: 2011-02-25 by alex danes
Keywords: romania | bihor | bihar | transylvania | erdely | crisana | partium |
Links: FOTW homepage | search | disclaimer and copyright | write us | mirrors
2:3, submitted by Zoltan Horvath, 6 February 2011
Bihor county (Hungarian: Bihar) is situated in the north-western part of Romania, in the historic province of Crişana. The county is mainly the river Criş basine with the rivers Crişul Repede, Crişul Negru and Barcău the main rivers.
There are the Apuseni Mountains with heights up to 1800 m in the east side of the county. The heights decrease westwards, passing through the hills an ending in the Romanian Western Plain - the eastern side of the Pannonian plain. It constitutes the Biharia Euroregion together with Hajd˙-Bihar County in Hungary.
Its flag is red and blue (red stripe is wider than blue one, proportion of stripes approx. 3:2), and CoA is placed in the center of the flag. Flag ratio is 2:3.
Image of flag
More information on Bihor county (including image of its CoA) on Wikipedia.
Zoltan Horvath, 6 February 2011 | <urn:uuid:89b6ba6a-87fb-4895-88f7-2aec9245e563> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.fotw.us/flags/ro-bh.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368699273641/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516101433-00054-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.906893 | 295 | 2.546875 | 3 |
With Lisa Jackson’s recent resignation announcement and upcoming departure from the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and a host of agricultural and energy issues hanging in the wind until her successor is named by President Obama, 2013 promises to be an important year for agriculture states such as Georgia. With the agriculture and energy industries likely to be impacted by issues from ozone and dust rules to the Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS), now more than ever, consumers and businesses across the nation will need to consider what states, such as Georgia, are doing to further their energy policies and contribute to energy supply on a national level.
For instance, Georgia’s Governor, Nathan Deal, was one of the eight governors who recently petitioned EPA with a request to waive the RFS due to economic harm stemming from this year’s severe drought. The RFS, which was enacted in its current form in 2007, mandates that a minimum quantity of ethanol be blended into gasoline each year – utilizing about 25 percent of U.S. corn for ethanol production. But this year, due to the extreme drought in much of the country, some counts have the amount of corn diverted towards fuel at 40 percent.
In a recent letter, Governor Deal stated that “In addition to the direct economic harm from the drought within the border of our state, Georgia is heavily dependent on grain produced in other states to support its poultry and livestock industries. Severe economic harm is therefore being caused by the applicable volume requirements of the RFS, and a waiver of this requirement is fully justified...” Unfortunately, this waiver request was recently denied, lending a blow to many pork and poultry farmers, cattle ranchers, food manufacturers, and food service providers – which all trickles down to consumers through higher costs.
Despite the recent denial of Governor Deal’s petition, continued discussion on this issue will prove crucial in working out future policy solutions. One such opportunity within the state came from a recent event in December when the Southeast Energy Alliance, a chapter of the Consumer Energy Alliance, hosted the 2012 Southeast Ag-Energy Summit in Atlanta. This summit brought together regional Agriculture Commissioners, Farm Bureaus, Agribusiness Councils, elected officials, energy consumer groups and producers for a discussion about the importance of affordable, reliable energy to the agricultural community, the challenges presented by renewable fuel and electricity, and upcoming legislative priorities for the region.
One of the panels focused its attention on the challenges and opportunities resulting from the RFS. Panelists Charles Hall of the North Carolina Soybean Growers Association and Michael Formica of the National Pork Producers Council both discussed the need for a serious discussion about the viability of the mandate and its impacts on US energy policy and the economic health of the nation. However, regardless of industry, panelists agreed that policymakers should take an honest look at how the program was established, its goals and how best to reform the program so that they are achieved.
In fact, many in the industry are already planning for another round of waiver requests in 2013 – highlighting the need for a creative solution to this RFS dilemma.
With a number of agriculture and energy issues currently before the nation and the state of Georgia, such as the RFS, it is clear that 2013 will be an important year for our policymakers to work together to ensure that the U.S. can produce energy in a safe, responsible manner. As President Obama nominates a new head of the EPA, we look forward to working together with the new Administrator to help ensure a more effective EPA and a brighter future for America's energy consumers.
Director, Southeast Energy Alliance | <urn:uuid:fe835dea-1ad6-4fa2-ab53-b50d2e8e5990> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://buckhead.patch.com/blog_posts/an-important-year-for-agriculture-states-like-georgia | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368700264179/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516103104-00071-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.950058 | 731 | 2.0625 | 2 |
There is no problem during the day, but your child still wets his bed every night! It's natural for him to do this until he is 3 to 4 years old, though. It doesn't just happen to your child, other children may have the same experience.
Bedwetting happens when the pee leaks from the body because there is an imbalance between the pee volume produced at night and the bladder capacity. The amount of pee produced at night is determined by the body's antidiuretic hormones1 level. The bladder capacity is determined by biological development, so the difference varies with individuals.
Even if you've completed your child's toilet training for daytime, it may still take a while before he completely stops wetting the bed. Do equip yourself with accurate knowledge about this matter so you can monitor your child in a relaxed manner!
After finally training their children to come off diapers during the day, some mothers observe that their children are still peeing in the night. Nevertheless, they let them go without diapers at night as well, thinking it should be alright, only to wake up to wet bedsheets and a sense of disappointment. Please think of your child's toilet routine during the day and the night as separate issues. Unlike daytime toilet training, where much of the success depends on how the child is able to display signs to answer nature's call, peeing at night is largely a biological issue.
Bedwetting is not due to the mother's failure or the child's lack of effort. Wait patiently for your child's body to attain the right stage of development. Most children naturally stop wetting their beds by the time they reach 5 years or older.
Bedwetting before age 5 is often due to biological reasons like a deficient secretion of the antidiuretic hormones1 or small capacity of the bladder, amongst others. You could even say it's a natural phenomenon. Hormone secretion development varies greatly with individuals, and some children wet their beds every night until they are 4 or 5! Even so, the day will come when the bedwetting naturally stops.
On the other hand, "nocturnal enuresis" is a medical condition that occurs when for some reason, there is a deficient secretion of the antidiuretic hormones1, or when psychological reasons are causing disturbance in the affected child's sleep rhythm. If your child continues to wet his bed every night after age 5, it may be wise to consult a pediatrician.
- 1 - Antidiuretic hormones
- The hormones are released from a part of the brain called the pituitary gland, and it regulates pee volume. When your child is fast asleep, a large amount is released, signalling the kidneys to work at thickening the pee being produced, thus reducing the volume. As the child's sleep rhythm progresses into a grown-up's, he will start producing a huge amount of antidiuretic hormones during the night. As a result, his pee volume decreases when he is sleeping at night. | <urn:uuid:b4effdc6-6315-45f0-a438-251a231dce7d> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://web.kao.com/sg/merries/babycare/bedwetting/01.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368702810651/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516111330-00019-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.955206 | 612 | 2.609375 | 3 |
1. A Civil War Correspondent in New Orleans: The Journals and Reports of Albert Gaius Hills of the Boston Journal edited by Gary L. Dyson (McFarland, 2012).
Boston Journal reporter Hills provides readers with in depth reportage (his official work plus his personal journals) associated with the 1862 New Orleans Campaign, from the planning stage through the city's capture and occupation. Hill's naval engagement sketches are also reproduced in the book. With so little New Orleans material published, this is nice to see.
2. The Wilmington & Weldon Railroad in the Civil War by James C. Burke (McFarland, 2012).
The W&WRR was one of the most important logistical arteries in the Confederacy, increasing in importance, especially to the Army of Northern Virginia, as the war dragged on and port after port fell to Union forces. Burke's book looks good in terms of historical depth, with much in the way of supplemental data offered in the form of graphs and tables. | <urn:uuid:20787bf7-7175-4502-8eb9-458c236ac9ca> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://cwba.blogspot.com/2013/01/booknotes-ii-january-13.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368701459211/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516105059-00009-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.934613 | 203 | 2.625 | 3 |
Updated 02/26/2013 07:49 AM
Controversy over play in North Syracuse School District
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NORTH SYRACUSE, N.Y. -- In addition to the budget, one parent voiced her concerns about a play taking place at the North Syracuse School District.
Letrice Titus says in casting for “The Wiz,” no African American students were chosen for lead or supporting roles. The original production, created in 1978, is based on the Wizard of Oz and had an all black cast.
Titus says her child and other students who are just as talented as the others were put in the ensemble.
"There was no collaboration, there was no effort, there was no intention on making the cast diverse," Titus said.
"I'm definitely going to listen to what my students have to say and then we'll engage in further conversations about what we can do differently to address some of the concerns," Superintendent Kim Dyce Faucette said.
An alumni spoke at the meeting, defending the program, saying casting has always been based on talent. | <urn:uuid:1cb6db35-6c68-4c2e-a61e-cc90ef923cf9> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://binghamton.ynn.com/content/top_stories/642552/controversy-over-play-in-north-syracuse-school-district/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368707435344/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516123035-00055-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.976585 | 250 | 2.125 | 2 |
We designed a special version of the famous Claddagh Ring as the logo for this tribute.
For at least 300 years, the Irish have been wearing the Claddagh Ring. As everyone knows, the hands on the ring represent friendship, the crown represents loyalty and the heart represents love.
Today, the Claddagh also symbolizes for us the unbreakable bonds between Ireland and America, and especially the great city of New York.
We have learned, too, that many of those who died on September 11th were wearing Claddagh rings.
It is believed the original was designed by Richard Joyce, of Claddagh, County Galway. He was captured by North African pirates, sold into slavery in Tunis, and trained as a master goldsmith. When he was finally released and returned to Ireland, he discovered his true love had waited patiently for him.
Wed love you to take one of these logos and place it as a link to our tribute on your website. | <urn:uuid:2f655d8a-1fff-4725-81d7-d2c62a015364> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.irishtribute.com/viewer.adp@article=1532175.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368699273641/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516101433-00009-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.988361 | 201 | 1.765625 | 2 |
A tiny laser on a camera mounted on the arm points towards the object and scans it, much like a computer scanner. But the image - in this case, a picture of the shuttle's docking hatch - is three-dimensional.
"You can see each one of these dots is literally a pulse of light going there and back," said Mr. Ower, director of research and development at MacDonald, Dettwiler and Associates Ltd. in Brampton. "So you can see the 3D features of that docking system."
But just over a year ago, it looked like this new technology would fall into American hands. MDA announced on Jan. 8, 2008 that it would sell its information systems division which includes the Canadarm, its RADARSAT weather satellite series, some rover research and associated technologies.
Today, space industry observers say that the $1.3-billion near-sale - blocked by then-Industry Minister Jim Prentice in May 2008 - forced the Canadian government to re-evaluate its priorities beyond the atmosphere, especially since space exploration often plays a role in sovereignty and defence discussions.
MDA said it could not generate enough business in the U.S. from its position in Canada, which is why it offered up the technology to Minnesota-based Alliant Techsystems Inc.
"We have been frustrated in that area," added Steve Oldham, vice-president of business development for MDA Space Missions, in a separate phone interview.
"The U.S. space market is larger, but the U.S. has a strong philosophy of buying space within American space companies, so it's hard for a Canadian company to compete."
It's a problem the Aerospace Industries Association of Canada has highlighted repeatedly in the months following the near sale. Now with a new administration in place in the United States, executive vice-president Ron Kane said he's hoping to see more progress.
"We certainly have advocated on the need for both governments to come to the table to address the problems, but we're not aware of a precise timeline," he added.
Within six months of the collapsed sale, Mr. Prentice appointed former Canadian astronaut Steve MacLean to head the Canadian Space Agency, which had struggled through a string of short-term presidents for years.
The U.S. has a strong philosophy of buying space within American space companies, so it's hard for a Canadian company to compete. - Steve Oldham, vice-president of business development, MDA Space Missions
Mr. MacLean began work on a long-term space plan, and in late January the government injected $110 million in funding over three years on top of the CSA's budget of $350 million, which has been frozen for several years.
Mr. Oldham argued it was the near-sale of MDA that made the government wake up and pay attention. Industry Canada, however, sees it differently.
"The importance of Canada's space program has long been recognized by the government," wrote spokesperson Stefanie Power in an e-mail.
The agency refused to answer questions in a telephone interview.
As for concerns that MDA wouldn't be able to sell its wares in the U.S., "The space sector is ... very adept at identifying opportunities to commercialize its expertise and sell to foreign markets," she added.
MDA is pursuing a "plan B" and said it is looking at additional, confidential contracts with U.S. companies; Mr. Oldham added the company is doing "relatively well" right now.
Fellow space firm COM DEV said any additional government money is welcome, but pointed out the funds are temporary and not far-reaching enough.
"There has been a lot of discussion in the government about coming up with a new long-term space plan for the space agency, but any possibility that may happen this year was sidelined by the emergency of the stimulus budget," said Ron Holdway, COM DEV's senior director of government relations in Canada.
"The space agency will carry on with its existing budget ... (and) the earliest that we would see a long-term space plan would be 2010."
The space plan has already been delayed, since initial promises said it would come through in late 2008. However, CSA spokesperson Julie Simard laughed when told about Mr. Holdway's hypothesis.
"He's got information that I don't have," she said. | <urn:uuid:c49d92a3-a246-48a3-9883-f85bf19ca6c4> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.obj.ca/Technology/2009-02-18/article-303870/2009:-A-space-oddity/1 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368710006682/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516131326-00041-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.97318 | 907 | 2.140625 | 2 |
- Infowars - http://www.infowars.com -
‘Disturbing’ study reveals most of us would torture others if ordered to
UK Daily Mail
Friday, Dec 19, 2008
Most of us would torture others if ordered to do so, a study has found.
Scientists revealed that 70 per cent of volunteers, when encouraged by authority figures, continued to administer electric shocks – or at least thought they were doing so – even after an actor claimed they were painful.
Researchers at Santa Clara University in California said the experiment can only partly explain the widely reported prisoner abuse at the U.S.-run Abu Ghraib prison in Iraq or events during World War II.
Jerry Burger said: ‘What we found is validation of the same argument – if you put people into certain situations, they will act in surprising, and maybe often even disturbing, ways.
(ARTICLE CONTINUES BELOW)
Burger was copying an experiment published in 1961 by Yale University professor Stanley Milgram, in which volunteers were asked to deliver electric ‘shocks’ to other people if they answered certain questions incorrectly.
Milgram found that, after hearing an actor cry out in pain at 150 volts, 82.5 per cent of participants continued administering shocks, most to the maximum 450 volts.
The experiment surprised psychologists and no one has has tried to replicate it because of the distress suffered by many of the volunteers who believed they were shocking another person.
‘When you hear the man scream and say, "let me out, I can’t stand it," that is the point when the real stress that people criticised Milgram for kicked in,’ Burger said.
Article printed from Infowars: http://www.infowars.com
URL to article: http://www.infowars.com/disturbing-study-reveals-most-of-us-would-torture-others-if-ordered-to/
Copyright © 2013 Infowars. All rights reserved. | <urn:uuid:ead099e4-528c-4884-8318-ef03e1310588> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.infowars.com/disturbing-study-reveals-most-of-us-would-torture-others-if-ordered-to/print/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368702448584/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516110728-00013-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.95673 | 422 | 1.578125 | 2 |
Fun and Games
At the Web sites below, you can play fun Bible games and learn more about Jesus and the church. Please remember to get your parent’s permission before playing the games. Have fun!
DCWASA For Kids
DCWASA For Kids offers cartoons, activities, lessons, and workbooks for students to learn about water and ways to conserve our most important natural resource.
EPA Safe Water Trivia
EPA Safe Water Trivia see how much you know about the wonders of water.
Children's Water Education Council
Children's Water Education Council offers activities with an environmental theme. | <urn:uuid:20939ed4-f42e-43bf-85ee-21b7c71c5f62> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://sbm.osb.org/ministries/programs_for_girls/fun_and_games/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368705195219/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516115315-00062-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.926655 | 125 | 2.203125 | 2 |
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Getting started is easier than you think. Simple and small movements can get you started on a regular exercise routine. You don’t need to join a gym to start moving. Choose an activity you enjoy. Start slowly and set small goals. Work activity into your daily life. Talk to your healthcare provider before starting an activity program. You may need to have a checkup before you begin.
If you’re not used to being active, start with gentle movements while you watch TV. Raise your arms and legs while seated. Then repeat for 5–10 minutes. With time, add some slow walking. Even taking a flight of stairs instead of the elevator can lift you to healthier heights. These types of brief activities are great ways to get started. They can help lower your blood sugar level, strengthen your heart, and improve your energy.
Your goal, especially at first, is to keep your activity simple. Slowly work up to 30 minutes of activity a day. But you don’t need to do it all at once. You can be active in three 10-minute sessions a day. You can also combine being active with the other things you need to do. For instance, stand up from your desk and walk around often when at work. Or, go for a walk around the mall before you shop.
Why make activity hard on yourself? Choose things that you like to do and that fit into your schedule. Here are some tips:
Get off the bus a stop or two early and walk the rest of the way.
Run small shopping errands on your bike.
Go for a 10-minute walk after each meal.
Park your car in the space farthest from where you’re going.
Get a pedometer that records the number of steps you take. Make a goal for the number of steps you take each day. Increase your goal a little each week.
Be sure to warm up before you start and cool down when you’re done.
Carry or wear identification that says that you have diabetes.
Eat 1–2 hours before you exercise, if instructed.
Check your blood sugar before and after you exercise, if instructed. Check your blood sugar if you feel symptoms.
Carry fast-acting sugar with you in case you have low blood sugar.
Wear socks and well-fitting shoes.
Think about the weather in your area. At times, you may need to choose indoor rather than outdoor activities.
Mix fitness with fun. The more fun you have, the more likely you are to stick to your plan. You can have a better blood sugar level along with an active, fun day. Try these hints:
Choose an exercise that you enjoy and can do easily.
Join a social club that goes for walks or does other physical activities.
Go bird watching or do something else that gets you outdoors.
Put on some music and dance.
Involve your family or friends in your physical activity. | <urn:uuid:97ef1935-2c8f-4631-91a2-3ac869643bc7> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.einstein.edu/einsteinhealthtopic/?languagecode=es&healthTopicId=21856&healthTopicName=Lab+Tests&articleId=84706&articleTypeId=3 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368705953421/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516120553-00015-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.945461 | 632 | 2.109375 | 2 |
With recession now confirmed, analysts are beginning to mumble the “d” word. Hint: it rhymes with recession.
The news continues to get worse after the government finally put the “official” stamp on the current recession. The Labor Department has announced that 533,000 jobs were lost in November, the biggest monthly cut in 34 years—with analysts fearing that the 11-month trend of increasing job losses will deepen even further.
US employers axed 533,000 jobs in November, the biggest monthly cut in 34 years, the US Labor Department said.
In a dramatic indication of the worsening situation in the economy, the US jobless rate rose to a 15-year high of 6.7% from 6.5% in October.
Since these latest figures were compiled, further jobs losses have been announced, including big cuts at AT&T.
Recent weak economic data has fuelled fears that the world’s biggest economy is set for a deep, long downturn. | <urn:uuid:953e4095-2f63-4272-a901-36ffd6978f63> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.truthdig.com/eartotheground/item/20081205_unemployment_sinks_even_further/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368711005985/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516133005-00041-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.95949 | 207 | 1.851563 | 2 |
If the subject of getting a dog or cat has come up in your household, it might be the right time to get off the fence and adopt one.
The Dakin Pioneer Valley Humane Society adoption and education center, which took up residence on Union Street in Springfield earlier this month, expects thousands of homeless animals to enter its shelter this year. In an effort to find homes for the animals, the center is offering an incentive it hopes will tip the balance in the debate over whether or not to adopt a dog or cat.
Dakin plans to open a clinic in October that will spay or neuter 7,000 pets a year as part of a campaign to end euthanasia of dogs, cats and other pets by 2012.
The new sterilization clinic will take animals from a 90-mile radius, with an emphasis on pitbulls, kittens and feral cats. No fee schedule has been established, but Dakin officials stress the services will be affordable and accessible.
Dakin is particularly worried about the fate of cats and kittens, noting that they're relinquished at an alarming and lethal rate. Of the 11,000 homeless animals entering its animal shelters, more than half were euthanized.
"There are just too many animals looking for homes and not enough homes to go around," said Candice H. Lash, Dakin's director of community relations.
The decision of the Leverett-based animal charity to expand into Hampden County, taking over the offices and shelter building by the Massachusetts Society for the Prevention for Cruelty to Animals, has been a cause for relief for the region's animal lovers.
The MSPCA closed in March due to financial problems, leaving a huge gap in animal care and adoption services in the region. Dakin bought the 11-year-old MSPCA building earlier this year for $1.2 million.
We commend Dakin for making a commitment to reduce the number of homeless animals. Now it's up to the good people of Western Massachusetts to help the center achieve its goal. There's a dog or cat out there in need of a loving home. If you've thought about adopting one, it's time to just do it. | <urn:uuid:aae07853-c55b-456c-827c-c469b85f8d14> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.masslive.com/opinion/index.ssf/2009/08/considering_a_pet_its_time_to.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368705559639/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516115919-00000-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.957145 | 445 | 2.015625 | 2 |
We’ve taken a bit of an interest in the relationship between football and pioneering tech recently, with the launch of Quick Feet — the proven ball skills training programme that helps players develop tiki-taka type skills.
After the latest goal-line furore in a high profile match, it seems FIFA may finally be bowing to pressure to implement its own tech. Juan Mata’s ‘ghost goal’ for Chelsea against Spurs wasn’t even close to crossing the line, a melee of bodies clearly affecting the judgement of the referee and his assistant.
FIFA is currently testing two systems. Hawk-Eye — it uses six cameras to triangulate and track the ball in flight. It’s television-friendly, offering fans at home and in the stadium a visual replay of the decision — just like the tennis. Though because of the camera-based tech installation costs will be high and you can’t see if it’s buried under the keeper. The other option is GoalRef (a joint Danish and German system) that uses a magnetic signal, so there’s no need for the ball to be in sight for a decision to be made. A signal is instantly relayed to the referee when the ball has crossed the line — and actually faster than the assistant referee could flag for a goal.
This, however, would not be great for TV — there’s no visual engagement with the crowd. It is far cheaper to install than Hawk-Eye, though, a mass production version is already standing by and all you have to install are the sensor strips which are placed inside the skin of the ball and also posts and under the crossbar. Bizarrely, though perhaps unsurprisingly, FIFA seems intent on choosing one system to govern all such decisions across the game.
I’d ask – why not use both? GoalRef is the clear choice for games from the grassroots up and Hawk-Eye can offer TV and big stadiums a visual pay-off, as well as the correct decision. This debate could be set to take another turn in the coming months. | <urn:uuid:449bc45d-d792-4cdc-9759-fa2e5c936ee9> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.bastion.co.uk/blog/uncategorized/hawk-eye-vs-goalref-why-fifa-should-choose-both/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368702448584/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516110728-00070-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.95844 | 431 | 1.726563 | 2 |
March 18, 2009
The Clean Clothes Campaign (CCC) has launched a new campaign focusing on the policies and practices of large global discount retailers including the five largest: Walmart, Tesco, Carrefour, Aldi, and Lidl. The new Better Bargain Campaign targets the purchasing practices of the giant retailers given the profound and ever-increasing power that they wield in the garment retail market.
As part of the campaign the CCC has released the "Cashing In" report on the five largest global discount retailers. The report highlights poor working conditions at suplier garment factories and takes the companies to task for failing to address these problems. | <urn:uuid:16480d18-58c5-4626-8043-e426576693a3> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://en.maquilasolidarity.org/node/867?SESS89c5db41a82abcd7da7c9ac60e04ca5f=kd7ak0u5vt4s6g4s49p4bpbvr7 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368709037764/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516125717-00014-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.936978 | 133 | 1.640625 | 2 |
Easily meet and connect with others
Your calendar is likely packed with meetings and conferences this winter. At these events, a good mentor, business partner or new friend could be sitting right next to you. While networking at conferences can be intimidating, especially as a young producer, the benefits are endless.
"One reason that everybody goes to a conference is for the networking opportunities," says Thom Singer, professional speaker and author of The ABCs of Conferences. "You want to make sure you go into a conference ready to network."
Preparation is key. Diane Johnson, executive director of the Livestock Publications Council and event planner, says you should read up on the conference and attendees before you arrive. "Knowing who is attending before you get to any event gives you an advantage by helping you be efficient with your time."
Once you’re there, make yourself available to mix and mingle, even if you are intimidated. "It’s natural to stress a little when going to an event, especially when solo," says Johnson. "Go in with confidence, a big smile and a friendly attitude."
Anna Runyan, career coach and founder of ClassyCareerGirl.com, says that as you meet people you should be ready to answer the question, So what do you do? "Have an elevator speech rehearsed and ready so that you shine and everyone you meet remembers you," she says.
Also have a few open-ended questions in mind to ask others. Singer suggests, Why did you come to this conference? "After you ask a few questions, listen! Don’t just wait for your turn to talk about yourself," he says. A common networking mistake is talking too much about you.
If you get into a conversation that you wish you hadn’t, there are a few acceptable ways to exit. Singer says to wait a few minutes, then politely say, "It has been a pleasure to talk with you. I want to get around and meet more people. I hope our paths cross again."
For the people you meet and want to stay in touch with, have your business card ready. "If you have a connection, you want to be able to easily trade information," Singer says. A common mistake, though, is opening a conversation with a business card. "The card exchange should come at the end of the conversation."
Own the Follow-up. Johnson suggests that shortly after an event, within a week, you send a simple follow-up e-mail to those you met. "Make the subject line clear and identifying to you, and make a reference to the event." Also make sure your electronic signature is part of the e-mail and includes all of your contact information.
When it comes to connecting on social media, Singer says to be selective. He has a coffee, meal and beer rule. "Meeting someone for four minutes doesn’t count as a real connection. You need to have shared an experience," he says. If you shared a coffee, meal or beer, you at least have the foundation for a relationship, he notes. "If you add everyone you meet to social media, it makes your social media a phone book, not a relationship network."
What was your name again?
- Once you start working the crowd and making connections at an event, it is easy to become overwhelmed and forget the names of the people you just met. Anna Runyan, founder of ClassyCareerGirl.com, provides these tips to remember names.
- Repetition helps. Repeat the other person’s name back after they say it: "It’s nice to meet you, [first name]."
- If you forget, it’s OK. Don’t be afraid to ask again.
Make plans to attend the Tomorrow’s Top Producer event, Jan. 29 in Chicago, Ill. To learn more and register, call (877) 482-7203 or visit www.TopProducerSeminar.com.
- January 2013 | <urn:uuid:bb75b350-4fbb-4f96-b499-4ac391a91717> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.agweb.com/topproducer/article/networking_101/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368703298047/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516112138-00029-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.968908 | 833 | 1.695313 | 2 |
Core dumps are often used to diagnose or debug errors in Linux or UNIX programs. Core dumps can serve as useful debugging aids for sys admins to find out why Application like Lighttpd, Apache, PHP-CGI or any other program crashed. Many vendors and open source project author requests a core file to troubleshoot a program. A core file is generated when an application program abnormally terminates due to bug, operating system security protection schema, or program simply try to write beyond the area of memory it has allocated, and so on. This article explains how to turn on core file support and track down bugs in programs.
Canonical the makers of Ubuntu about to introduce a new desktop notification system proposal. New changes should improve the usability of the Linux desktop including desktop notification system for both GNOME and KDE. From the Mark Shuttleworth blog:
The key proposals we are making are that:
* There should be no actions on notifications.
* Notifications should not be displayed synchronously, but may be queued. Our implementation of the notification display daemon will display only one notification at a time, others may do it differently.
That’s pretty much it. There are some subtleties and variations, but these are the key changes we are proposing, and which we will explore in a netbook device with a partner, as well as in the general Ubuntu 9.04 release, schedule gods being willing.
I think new changes looks more like Growl system used in Mac OS X. You can read more about proposal including mockup video that shows new notification system here.
An updated autofs package that fixes a bug is now available under RHEL 4.x server and desktop systems.
Q. My sendmail service is running under Linux and whenever I try to telnet it from other LAN IP, it gives connection refuse error. If I connect it from localhost it accept connection. I can only send mail from my server only. How do I force sendmail to accept mail from other hosts/LAN ips? A. [...] | <urn:uuid:f8f15c6b-54cf-471e-846f-1d2e947e196f> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/tag/daemon | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368705195219/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516115315-00022-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.910038 | 420 | 2.171875 | 2 |
Toddler Approved hosts a monthly virtual book club and this month's book is The Easter Egg by Jan Brett. I was fortunate enough to get a copy from the library, but I think I will be adding it to our collection soon.
The Easter Egg by Jan Brett is wonderfully written and beautifully illustrated, as most of her books are. It fit right into our bird theme unit study we have been doing. Our go along craft for this book was to make "Printmaking Easter eggs". This is a process I've seen here and there, but Let's Explore has a great tutorial here.
Suppliesoil cloth mat or something similar
masking tape or painters tape
tempera or acrylic paint
foam paint brush
white cardstock paper
- Using masking tape, outline the shape of an egg on the oil cloth. If you prefer, you could make a square then use egg shaped cardstock paper.
- Paint inside the taped outline. Try not to get any on the tape or your edges will be smudged.
- Use qtips to make a design in the paint.
- Press the cardstock onto the paint/design and press all over.
- Swiftly lift the cardstock off and allow to dry.
- Wipe any excess paint off the oil cloth and start again!
Don't use too much paint or your design will smear.
Don't use too many colors or your eggs will be brown.
Wipe your excess paint off your surface sooner than later. | <urn:uuid:3c64017d-fd19-449b-a4f2-3dc4086539fa> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://littlewondersdays.blogspot.com/2012/03/printmaking-easter-eggs.html?showComment=1332186566078 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368703682988/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516112802-00003-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.934313 | 312 | 2.6875 | 3 |
0In the InformIT XML Reference Guide: DOM and Perl Perl was originally designed as a lnaguage for sorting through text, so it’s not surprising that it is a good fit for XML. In fact, there are multiple ways to handle XML using Perl, so in this section we’re going to look at manipulating DOM “objects” [...]
0Lately I’ve been giving serious thought to releasing a free eBook version of XML Primer Plus, so this paper by Cory Doctorow on the true nature of eBooks caught my attention. Plus, he’s released the paper under a Creative Commons license, so in the interest of making his words even more immortal, I’m going to [...]
0Robert Cringely was right on 12 of his 15 predictions for 2003, and now offers his predictions for 2004.
0Now updated on developerWorks: Integrating applications with Web services using WebSphere Studio V5.1.1: “This tutorial looks at making your application Web-services ready using WebSphere Studio’s tools to wrap an existing application as a Web service, announce it using a UDDI directory, and to discover and use Web services within your applications. It also looks at [...]
0In the InformIT XML Reference Guide: .NET and XMLReader In the world of XML, it’s natural to think of XML in terms of two contexts: DOM and SAX. DOM is flexible, in that it provides the ability to navigate around the document tree and make changes, but SAX is fast, in that it doesn’t load [...] | <urn:uuid:8f30d51a-e6f2-4bec-b056-eb74c2b6b28d> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://nicholaschase.com/2004/02/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368699273641/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516101433-00014-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.905159 | 334 | 1.664063 | 2 |
Strength-Train with Yoga
Many people think yoga is essentially a stretching regimen. It is that, and much more. For example, if you happen to be seeking stronger muscles, yoga can help provide that, as well. Yoga also helps you relax and focus, and if you do yoga gently, it can improve your joint motion.
Examples of yoga postures that will strengthen your muscles include:
The "downward facing dog" posture, which strengthens your arms and legs
The "half moon" pose, which strengthens your legs and ankles
The "plank pose," which strengthens your arms, wrists, and back
The "locust pose," which strengthens the back of your torso, legs, and arms
How yoga strengthens
How do you strengthen your muscles with yoga? Simply by getting into a yoga posture and holding it. When you start a stretch, your teacher may instruct you to focus intently on the muscle that opposes the ones you are stretching.
Contracting your muscle signals its opposing muscles to stretch without resistance. Every muscle has opposing muscles. When you contract your biceps while stretching, for example, your triceps have to release. When you contract your triceps, your biceps release.
Most yoga traditions give ample rest breaks between poses. But power yoga—in many cases, simply another name for Ashtanga yoga—emphasizes both strength and flexibility through a challenging nonstop series of postures that include flowing connective movements between each posture.
Power yoga can be a real workout. Many people who attend power yoga classes are weight lifters, runners, bicyclists, football players, and other athletes who come for injury prevention or, at times, as part of a comprehensive injury rehabilitation program. When does someone start power yoga? If you're new to yoga, begin with less intense forms so you can develop flexibility and skills in a less intense class.
Strength-training with yoga helps you get fit for life. It helps you deal with stress, allows you to pick up your child, to control your dog, to carry groceries, to work in your garden. It also can help to prevent or ease back pain and muscle or joint injury, and give you self-reliance and self-esteem.
Yet, one of the most important benefits of any yoga routine isn't physical—it's the quieting of the mind.
The bottom line is learning to pay attention. You fine-tune your attention, beginning with the body, and then moving to the mind. As you get deeper into your practice over the years, you start to see the mental and spiritual benefits. | <urn:uuid:3ca7e50c-5581-4515-912d-5cffb0cdacf9> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://healthcare.utah.edu/healthlibrary/library/wellness/fitness/doc.php?type=1&id=2387 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368700958435/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516104238-00051-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.955526 | 532 | 2.65625 | 3 |
Whovians will tell you Patrick Troughton was the first Doctor to fully develop the character of the Doctor that we’re all familiar with today, making him flighty and mischievous, after William Hartnell’s stern, patrician Time Lord. But a quick examination of his astonishing resume serves to suggest that this is probably because character is something he excelled at, having played a part in practically every British drama in television, and carved out a respectable film career to boot.
Let’s start with a doozy. Did you know Patrick Troughton was the first man to play Robin Hood on the television? Well he was, in a six-part BBC adaptation of the old folk tales in 1953, although you’d struggle to recognise him under that blond beard:
He also appeared in The Adventures of Robin Hood, a more lavish production of the same stories, only two years later, only in a different role. The lead had gone to the larger, musclier Richard Greene. Not that he missed out on other starring roles, he also was the voice of Winston in a BBC radio adaptation of George Orwell’s 1984, but it was as a character actor that he really made his name, bringing a touch of flinty charm to every role.
Here he is as Phineas the blind man in Jason and the Argonauts (1963)
And the about-to-be-skewered Father Brennan in The Omen (1976)
And the prostrate Sir James Tyrrel, opposite Laurence Olivier’s Richard III in 1955:
And here’s a really early appearance, playing Bill Brough in 1951′s The Franchise Affair (Patrick appears around the 1:30 mark)
And the elder Archon in the Space: 1999 episode The Dorcons, showing that sci-fi had lost none of its appeal once he had regenerated into other work (1:45-ish):
Oh, and a rare delight here, two Doctors playing opposite one another, in a 1980 episode of All Creatures Great and Small, the TV series that gave Peter Davison his big break:
And here he is in the second role in which he enchanted children all over the UK, Cole Hawlings in a 1984 BBC adaptation of John Masefield’s book The Box of Delights:
Yes, it really is a bloody eerie title sequence.
And that’s not counting all of the times he appeared in (DEEP BREATH) The Count of Monte Cristo, Ivanhoe, Dial 999, Danger Man, Maigret, Compact, The Third Man, Crane, Detective, Sherlock Holmes, No Hiding Place, The Saint, Armchair Theatre, The Wednesday Play, Adam Adamant Lives!, Paul Temple, Dr. Finlay’s Casebook, Doomwatch, The Persuaders!, A Family at War, Coronation Street, Softly, Softly, Taskforce, Colditz, Play for Today, Z-Cars, Special Branch, Sutherland’s Law, The Sweeney, Jason King, Survivors, Crown Court, Angels, Warship, Van der Valk, Space: 1999, The Onedin Line, Only When I Laugh, Nanny, Minder, and the first episode of Inspector Morse.
Frankly, other actors would NEED a time machine to fit that lot in. | <urn:uuid:82faf46d-6070-444d-a8c6-6df3f09ae39e> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.bbcamerica.com/anglophenia/2012/04/life-outside-the-tardis-patrick-troughton/comment-page-1/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368710006682/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516131326-00042-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.926416 | 698 | 1.546875 | 2 |
I've studied mathematics and found the subject very interesting, but after getting into programming and coding stuff, I feel like I've forgotten most of the advanced stuff that I've studied. I know some of you might find this outrageous, but in my case its the truth. Now I want to repent and make up for that mistake by re-learning, but theres just one problem I don't know where to start.
List of Topics based on answers to the current question and this Math Classes
- Discrete mathematics
- Elementary Algebra
- Modular Arithmetic
- computational number theory | <urn:uuid:99116d1e-54f1-44cc-ae88-b28963b8d7fc> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://programmers.stackexchange.com/questions/3086/which-are-the-topics-in-mathematics-that-a-developer-should-absolutely-know/6638 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368704713110/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516114513-00035-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.97875 | 120 | 1.726563 | 2 |
Shortly after America's founding, New Jersey's Passaic River became a cradle of the nation's fledgling manufacturing industry. For that, it has paid dearly.
The 90-mile river faces one of the toughest environmental cleanup efforts in the country. Layers of pollutants sit at the bottom of the lower end of the river. It's predicted to take years to rid the Passaic of dangerous chemicals — and it will cost billions.
How did this happen?
I grew up in Livingston, N.J., in the 1960s. In the suburbs where I lived, the river didn't seem so ugly. The factories and damns were downstream. As an adult, I had the urge to find out how an innocent river became a poisoned waterway.
The Pristine Passaic
On a damp Sunday afternoon, I embarked on river journey with guide Wheeler Antabanez, who has posted YouTube videos of his canoe trips on the Passaic and has written about it in the magazine Weird NJ.
In the upper portions of the Passaic, the river passes through the hills of historic Morris County. It could be northern New England, with remnants of America's colonial past in view. After a while, the Passaic weaves through horse country in Bernardsville, where Jackie Kennedy once rode her ponies.
But even here, signs of human development interrupt the idyll. Parking lots and roads contribute to erosion and poisoning of the river. Dangling pipes from storm drains funnel runoff into its tributaries. A few more miles and the river sneaks behind strip malls and homes. The Passaic seems more purposeful now, clearly defined in its deeper channel and taking on salt, oil, lawn chemicals.
We get on the river farther downstream, at the Great Swamp Wildlife Preserve, created in the 1960s after locals rallied to protect the wetland from becoming a paved-over jetport. As Antabanez and I paddle in the Great Swamp, we find ourselves gliding through channels wide enough to take seriously. And for a moment, I glimpse what the earliest settlers and Native Americans must have seen — what today seems almost impossible: a spot where the Passaic River is charming.
The Great Fall(s)
The charm doesn't last long. Emerging from the preserve, the river enters the heart of suburbia. These are the places I knew growing up. Soon, the world of industry and commerce closes in on the Passaic. Old U.S. highways cross over it; trucks roar down the interstates.
The Passaic takes the long route from where it begins. If you followed the water, you'd have to travel some 90 miles. But if you hopped from start to finish in a straight line, you'd be going only 30 miles. Mountains block the Passaic, but it finds a devious path around them eventually.
And when it does, it drops suddenly.
No canoe is going to get us over the Great Falls of the Passaic, at least not in one piece. The Passaic cuts through the Watchung Mountains and drops more than 70 feet into a narrow cataract between walls of rock. The falls are surprising, beautiful and powerful.
It was that power that led directly to the river's degradation. In 1791, Treasury Secretary Alexander Hamilton supported a plan to harness the falls to run factories. The Society for Establishing Useful Manufactures was Hamilton's attempt to turn America from a farming society into an industrial one.
Antabanez and I disembark to wander around where this all happened: the city of Paterson.
The Makings Of A 'Toilet' River
Paterson was the Silicon Valley of the 1800s. Lots of entrepreneurs thrived there. The nation came to depend on Paterson for locomotives, silk and cotton. The first Colt revolvers were made there. John Holland perfected the first motorized submarines in the Passaic River at Paterson.
All of this manufacturing and industry created an attitude in New Jersey that it was OK to dump waste into the Passaic. That worked for decades, because a river can flush away a certain small portion of sewage and gunk. But that works only so long.
While Paterson was polluting the Passaic from midway along the river, New Jersey's largest city, Newark, was doing the same from the final miles of the river.
In between the two cities, the river has absorbed two centuries of human waste, debris, industrial junk.
For a long time, the river followed what writer Mary Bruno says is the magic of "the solution to pollution is dilution." Bruno has an unpublished tome about the river called From Paradise to Superfund Site. She grew up along the lower river and used her skills as a writer and scientist to dig deeply into the step-by-step degradation process that ruined the Passaic.
Bruno says the Passaic gradually became incapable of naturally cleansing what humans threw into it. The result was what she calls the making of "a toilet." Like many other people, Bruno grew up with warnings from adults to stay away from the Passaic.
There's an official ban on eating fish from the lower 17 miles of the river. And most everybody I talked to was even afraid of touching the water.
The members of the Nereid Rowing Club — in the Passaic River town of Rutherford, below Paterson — use the river every day to practice racing. High school teams do so, too. But everyone is sure to keep his mouth closed.
The Best Intentions Can Run Amok
We get back on the river itself on a bigger boat at Newark. Capt. Billy Sheehan is part of a national group called The Riverkeepers. He's out to reclaim the Passaic and its neighboring river, the Hackensack.
We take a cruise up and down the Passaic from where it enters Newark Bay to the downtown section of the city. Today, Newark's pollution comes in forms Alexander Hamilton couldn't have dreamed of: paint plants, meat-rendering factories and a plant that made the defoliant Agent Orange.
Some pollution experts say if you scrape away one layer of poison in the river, you find another. Deadly dioxin covers a layer of mercury. Dig deeper and you find polychlorinated biphenyls — PCBs — which were once used as coolants and insulating fluids.
The job is enormous. It's not even clear that disturbing some of the garbage wouldn't be worse than letting it stay buried under dirt and sand and water. The work goes on, but it can last decades — or might never be done.
My river journey revealed a truth about dreamers. I learned that the best intentions can run amok, given enough time. Hamilton had the extraordinary vision to see the potential of harnessing water power. But even this brilliant Founding Father had only limited foresight. | <urn:uuid:bb74a8d9-2347-4d68-8ad9-ff581f65a4c9> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://minnesota.publicradio.org/features/npr.php?id=131167397 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368696382584/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516092622-00039-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.957993 | 1,412 | 2.71875 | 3 |
Zabaione, Zabaglione, Zabajone or Sabayon. However you choose to call it, the fact remains, that this has got to be one of the most delicate, frothy Italian desserts around. Pronounced tsah-bahl-YOH-nay, this dessert comes in several variations. There is a frozen version or a lighter version with whipped egg whites, or even flavored versions with chocolate or honey. This version however is the authentic one, the way I learned how to make it, while training at the Sheraton pastry kitchen.
Zabaione is a simple Italian dessert made with egg yolks, sugar and marsala wine and often served warm. These are the three main ingredients that make up a traditional zabaione. At times cream or mascarpone cheese might be added to give it a thicker, creamier consistency. Zabaione is basically a light custard type dish, made by whipping the egg yolks to incorporate large volumes of air, over a warm water bath. The classic version of the zabaione uses raw eggs, however nowadays it is preferred to prepare the dessert over a water bath or a double boiler.
Legend has it that this dessert was created by accident sometime in the 17th Century, when a chef from Turin accidentally tipped a bottle of sweet wine into an egg custard. Today, Sicilian Marsala wine has become the sweet wine of choice when preparing zabaione. Although it is similar to a custard, officially it is a caudle, which in the 16th century used to be a warm drink consisting of wine mixed with sugar, eggs, bread and spices.
It is difficult to define zabaione as it can be used for so many things. Serving it on its own, zabaione is a gorgeous light, but incredibly rich and delectable cream. Together with seasonal fruit it makes an exquisite dessert. Zabaione can also be used to fill tarts and pies or in the summer it can be used to make ice-cream.
There are several different recipes for this dessert. You'll find some with additional flavorings others will use an entirely different method. This recipe is the basic and easiest method of making zabaione. If you have not made this dessert before, you won't be able to go wrong with this recipe.
Tips & Tricks For A Perfect Zabaione
- In big hotel/restaurant kitchens zabaione is often made in copper bowls. These bowls provide a chemical reaction between the copper and eggs, which increases the stability and structure of the foam. If you do not have a copper bowl at home, use a stainless-steel bowl instead. It still makes a terrific and creamy zabaione.
- Whisking is the main motion here. I recommend a simple balloon whisk either out out of stainless-steel or one made of silicone like I use. It's a simple utensil but I swear it's one of my most precious pieces in the kitchen For making zabaione it provides for the perfect fluffy consistency of the cream.
- Instead of a double boiler, use a heatproof bowl over a saucepan filled with simmering water. Make sure the water does not touch the bottom of the bowl, otherwise this may cause the eggs to scramble.
- For beginners it is advisable to keep the water to a bare simmer. This will take a little longer whisking the zabaione to a creamy froth, but it is also safer as you'll avoid scrambling the eggs at a higher heat.
- Whisk constantly in a rotating figure-8 pattern. Make sure you make contact with all the inner surfaces of the bowl. In this case, speed is not important but actually making contact with the surfaces is vital.
My zabaione is dressed for Fall! I serve it with heavenly brandied plums dripping with gorgeous red-purple sweet syrup. The cinnamon flavored plums complements the creamy and sweet zabaione so well that you'd think they were always meant to be.
Plums are the current featured fruit in my Food Guide. You'll find several helpful and useful tips on storing, selecting and preparing these juicy fruits.
Printable version of recipe here.
The brandied plums
10-15 soft ripe plums, halved, pitted and then quartered
2 tablespoons Muscovado sugar
3-4 tablespoons brandy
1 cinnamon stick
4 large organic eggs yolks
1/4 cup sugar
1/2 cup sweet Sicilian Marsala
The brandied plums
Place a small skillet over a medium heat. Add the plums, sugar, cinnamon stick and brandy and about 2 teaspoons water. Bring to a boil, then reduce to a simmer and cook for about 5 minutes until the fruit softens and begin to release their juices. Remove from heat and spoon into 4 individual glasses or serving bowls. Chill in the refrigerator.The Zabaione
Fill a saucepan halfway with water and bring to a gentle simmer. Regulate the heat as required to maintain a gentle and constant simmer as you prepare the zabaione.
Place the egg yolks in a round-bottomed stainless-steel (or copper) bowl, which rests comfortably when placed on top of the saucepan.
Whisk the egg yolks with a balloon whisk until they turn pale yellow. Add the sugar , then the Marsala and continue to whisk until incorporated.
Rest the bowl on top of the saucepan, making sure that the water does not touch the underside of the bowl. Constantly whisk the mixture using the figure-8 pattern, until it is foamy and has tripled in volume. The mixture will eventually become soft and creamy - approx. 15 minutes. The consistency is just right when the mixture forms thick ribbons when the whisk is lifted.
Be sure to whisk the entire inner surface of the bowl, clearing the bottom of the bowl with the whisk so that the eggs do not stick to the bottom.
If the mixture starts to separate just remove from heat and transfer to the countertop, whisking all the while.
Zabaione should have the texture of lightly whipped cream. It should be light in texture, yet thick enough to coat a spoon.
Immediately pour the zabaione over the plums. Garnish with a few sugared plums and a sprig of mint. Serve immediately.
Pure bliss! This is such an elegant and delicate dessert, which really creates a WOW! effect. The light sweet cream combines so well with the fruity sweetness of the plums, it's almost ethereal. As the warm creamy zabaione meets the cool brandied plums, heaven is created - in your mouth. I love making zabaione when I have spontaneous drop-in guests, then after a light dinner of bread, a variety of cheeses and salad, I will whisk up this simple zabaione with a fruity compote or caramelized fruit using what ever I have. Pears, apples, berries all make great accompaniments to zabaoine.
Dear Abby is celebrating World Egg Day and she asked us to come on over with a dish showing how versatile, delicious and fun eggs are. Abby you know you can count on me for dessert ;-)!
Have a great weekend folks! If you'd like to do a little food reading, besides several posts you might find here ;-) check out my latest article for FoodieView: Greeting Fall with Root Vegetables & Pumpkins!
You might like these recipes using eggs from WFLH:
|Bostini Cream Pie|
|Poached Eggs with asparagus and sauce hollandaise|
|Wasabi Egg Rolls|
From around the blogs:
Daily Tiffin Reading Tip:
- Meditation by Dee
All photographs and written content on What's For Lunch, Honey? © 2006-2008 Meeta Khurana unless otherwise indicated. | All rights reserved | Please Ask First | <urn:uuid:06af40a4-1d71-46bd-8977-ce45a1298c20> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.whatsforlunchhoney.net/2008/10/cooking-school-zabaione-with-brandied.html?showComment=1223149560000 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368710006682/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516131326-00020-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.926444 | 1,652 | 2.03125 | 2 |
KICAT is an online catalog of the Institute's collections; it covers historical and contemporary sex research literature. The catalog also includes rare books, sex magazines, manuscripts and papers, conference proceedings, pulp fiction, erotic pamphlets, newsletters and vertical files, sound recordings, films, videos and DVDs of sexual contents.
Many of the collection holdings are described by an in-house developed subject headings and organized by a modified Dewey Decimal classification system. Users can use standard search terms or simply use keyword searches. Please contact the User Services for further assistance for special collections such as photography, art, archives and films.
In KICAT, you can find print and audiovisual materials that document sexual behaviors, sexual customs and sexual knowledge in English, German, French, and many other languages. KICAT also includes:
KICAT does not yet include all materials in the library. If you've searched through KICAT and can't find what you're looking for, please contact User Services.
Since the library is a private organization, use of its materials is restricted. For information about who can use the library, please read our guide to Using the Library.« Back to Finding Materials at the Library
© 1996-, The Kinsey Institute for Research in Sex, Gender, and Reproduction, Inc.® | <urn:uuid:1b6d9454-66b7-41f4-8460-e0aff465a234> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.indiana.edu/~kinsey/library/kicat-guide.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368709037764/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516125717-00001-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.913693 | 270 | 1.734375 | 2 |
The Roadmap to Redesign (R2R):
Building on lessons learned in the Program in Course Redesign, the Roadmap to Redesign project demonstrated how college and universities can redesign their instructional approaches using technology to achieve cost savings as well as quality enhancements.
Redesign projects focused on large-enrollment, introductory courses, which had the potential of impacting significant student numbers and generating substantial savings, in four disciplines: precalculus mathematics, psychology, Spanish and statistics.
The following links include contact information, one-page abstracts and progress reports for each project:
For further information, please contact Patricia Bartscherer, Program Manager, email@example.com. | <urn:uuid:0c509f71-7f14-4943-85d3-38441afdb1d2> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.thencat.org/R2R/R2R_RedProj.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368705195219/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516115315-00039-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.910968 | 145 | 1.984375 | 2 |
Notice: Because this year Canada Day, July 1, falls on a Sunday, when the government is normally shut down anyway, government offices will be closed on Monday to compensate.
I don’t know who or what a Canada is or why we should celebrate him, her or it. Nevertheless, someone in the government bought a cheap calendar off the Internet that lists something called Canada Day on July 1. Then again, it might just have been the calendar-maker’s idea of a practical joke.
To be on the safe side, the government decided to take the day off in case the holiday might be important to someone and because government officials will take any excuse they can find to take yet another day off.
The same calendar also listed something called Independence Day on July 4th. This obviously was a joke because no man (or woman) is an island, so whom among us is truly independent? Joke or not, the government will still be closed on July 4th. Like I said, they’ll any excuse to take another day off. | <urn:uuid:83cb9139-1cee-4283-bc17-de880526126a> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://shalampax.com/blog/2012/06/29/canada-day/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368696383156/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516092623-00010-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.972399 | 217 | 1.875 | 2 |
Yury Nikulin was the great movie artist and clown in soviet time. He was like a a breath of fresh air...
"I always believed that those circus people who compel others to burst out laughing are the most important ones"- Yury Nikulin.
Hehad the title the 'National Artist of the USSR' and in this case it's true.
Fondest memory: His monument stays near the old Moscow circus on Tsvetnoy Boulevard, where he was a General Manager and Artistic Director 1982 - 1997.
During last decade shape of Moscow has been changed significantly.
My tips regarding the tallest buildings in Europe and Russia are getting old very rapidly. So, I even do not want to update it so often.
Just enjoy pictures.
The names of Minin and Pojarsky are connected with the fight against the Polish invaders that wanted to capture the Russian throne in the beginning of the 17th century.
The two men were at the head of the irregular army, and after their death Moscow citizens decided to pay homage to them by erecting a monument.
Money was brought from all over Russia, and in 1818 the memorial with the inscription "To citizen Minin and Prince Pojarsky from a grateful Russia" was unveiled.
Fondest memory: Today the monument is situated near St. Basil's Cathedral, but before it was placed in the center of Red Square and the raised arm pointing to the Kremlin seemed to tell us: "We saved the heart of the city from the enemy". At present the sense of the gesture is lost.
The Moscow triumphal arch, erected in wood in 1814 and in marble in 1827 to a design by Osip Bove. In 1966 the decision was made about reconstruction of the Triumphal Arch at a new location. It was relocated and reconstructed on Poklonnaya Gora in 1968.
The base of the monument is formed by a single-spanned arch with six pairs of 12-meter-high cast-iron pillars, arranged around two arched supports.
Fondest memory: It's the most grandiose Moscow monument in honor of the victories of Russian people in the Patriotic war of 1812 .
The Moscow International Business Centre (MIBC), often referred to as Moscow City, is a newly built commercial district in Moscow.
First plannings of it started in 1992 and if money allows the project should be finished by 2012.
The district consists of about 25 new buildings such as offices, hotels, apartments, restaurants, shops and entertainment centres. Most of these are skyscrapers of more than 100 m in height.
The district is even home to Europe's two tallest buildings: The 302 metre tall City of Capitals Moscow Tower (2009) and the 269 metre tall Naberezhnaya Tower (2007).
The Moscow International Business Centre (MIBC) is situated on the Krasnopresnenskaya embankment of the river Moskva, approximately 4 km west of Red Square. The nearest metro stop is "Mezhdunarodnaya" on the light blue line.
The so called Stalin's Seven Sisters are a group of neoclassic Stalin-era buildings which were built in the 1950's and nowadays still dominate the skyline of Moscow.
The Seven Sisters are the Hotel Leningradskaya, the Hotel Ukraina, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the Ministry of Transport, the Moscow State University (MGU) and the Block of Flats on Kotelnicheskaya enbankment and on Krasnaya Presnya.
There were even plans for an eighth sister, but the Palace of Soviets was never built.
Please also read my "Things to do tips" for more detailed information about some of the buildings.
Moscow has 8 main train stations, which are all connected to the metro. Most of them are located on the circle metro line (brown line).
Only near the metro station "Komsomolskaya" you find three trains stations: Yaroslavskiy Vokzal for trains to Siberia, Leningradskiy Vokzal for trains to St. Petersburg and Kazanskiy Station for trains to Central Asia.
The other train stations are Belorusskiy, Rizhskiy, Kievskiy, Kurskiy and Paveletskiy Vokzal.
Most of the train stations are well worth a visit both from the outside and the inside.
My favourite train station in Moscow is Kazanskiy Vokzal. For more information about this station, please have a look at my "Of the beaten Path" tips".
Favorite thing: This monument's purpose is unknown to me. It sure is ugly though. One thing that is nice about it is that you can see it from a long way away. At its base is the Art Museo area of Park Statue, which is a can't miss.
Favorite thing: Propriété des comtes Cheremetiev construite entre 1791 et 1798 par les architectes et ouvriers qui, en fait, étaient les cerfs de cette très riche famille. Qu'on ne s'y trompe pas, ce palais est entièrement en bois recouvert de plâtre tout comme à Kouskovo. Ce palais est le résultat d'un mécénat de la famille, il y abrite peintures et sculptures mais son rôle premier fut le théâtre.
Favorite thing: Michail Lomonosov's monument is in the front of Journalistic Department of Moscow University. He was a famous Russian scientist, poet and artist (Russian Da Vinchi), the founder of the 1st Moscow University (1775), and that's why he is sitting or standing close to many University buildings.
Radisson Royal Hotel Moscow Moscow
5 Reviews and 126 Opinions The Radisson Royal Hotel is a 5-star hotel. There isn't much walking distance to the hotel and it is...
Marriott Moscow Royal Moscow
6 Reviews and 186 Opinions The hotel has a great location, all the central attractions are very close. But the hotel is not...
Swissotel Krasnye Holmy Moscow
2 Reviews and 225 Opinions Moscow's newest hotel with all the amenities Wonderful breakfast champagne & caviar. Very... | <urn:uuid:74ce6110-057e-45ce-9e83-58b0b8a322af> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.virtualtourist.com/travel/Europe/Russia/Gorod_Moskva/Moscow-592480/General_Tips-Moscow-Monuments_Buildings-BR-1.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368697380733/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516094300-00014-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.923554 | 1,340 | 1.945313 | 2 |
CENTER FOR FRICTION STIR PROCESSING (CFSP)
Wichita State University is a research site for the National Science Foundation Center for Friction Stir Processing. The WSU research site is headquartered in the Advanced Joining & Processing Lab.
The CFSP is a multi-institutional Industry/University Cooperative Research Center (I/UCRC) started in October 2004. The center brings together the premier friction stir processing (FSP) academic institutions in the United States and focuses on addressing the needs of aerospace, aeronautic, energy, military and commercial industries in developing friction stir processing.
CFSP Mission: To advance, develop and promote research into the principles and technology of Friction Stir Processing science and engineering through research, development, education, and technology exchange among academic, industry and government entities. It is also the mission of the center to increase the quantity and quality of the professionals prepared to work in the area; to involve the faculty of the University(s) in research in areas of common interest to Sponsors and the University(s); and to perform research which will allow global Friction Stir Processing facilities to be competitive in the world economy.
In order to become a CFSP research site, Wichita State was required to obtain at least five industry and/or government sponsors who would contribute at least $150,000 in yearly membership fees. These sponsors include Bombardier, the Federal Aviation Administration, Hawker Beechcraft, General Motors, Embraer, Cessna Aircraft Company and Spirit AeroSystems. | <urn:uuid:657248d0-3a25-4edd-9559-4f4cd6aeeb04> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.niar.wichita.edu/coe/cfsp.asp | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368703298047/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516112138-00056-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.920172 | 314 | 2.0625 | 2 |
Tallahassee, Florida -About two thousand people showed up Saturday for the 2012 Big Bend Heart Walk.
The three mile walk around Tom Brown Park raises money to fight Heart Disease and stroke.
According to the Centers for Disease Control, Heart Disease and stroke are the number one and number four killers of Americans.
The CDC says about one in every three deaths are a result of Heart Disease or Stroke.
"Just simply walking every day, a mile or two a day is one of the best things you can do to make yourself healthier. You can also adopt healthier eating habits, low fats, things like that," says John Detelich who helped organize the walk.
The walk hopes to raise about $200,000 to fight the disease. | <urn:uuid:b8f2b58a-39ec-4a7d-8ddf-f1f5fe781ebe> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.wctv.tv/news/floridanews/headlines/2012-Heart-Walk-at-Tom-Brown-Park-172959081.html?site=full | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368699273641/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516101433-00019-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.921546 | 154 | 2.015625 | 2 |
Found: A Gluten-Free Pancake That Really Stacks
Up By Erin
Peabody January 16, 2007
Sweet potatoes shouldn't be just for holiday cooking. At least that's
the finding of food scientists with the Agricultural Research Service (ARS) in New Orleans, La.
In their search for a light, fluffy pancake that's acceptable and safe
for those who've had to banish wheat from their diets, ARS chemists
Daigle found that a flour made from rice and sweet potatoes is a superior
substitute. Both scientists work at the ARS
Regional Research Center in New Orleans.
Individuals diagnosed with celiac disease, which may be as prevalent
as one in 200 in the global population, are unable to digest gluten. For them,
gluten proteins found in wheat, rye and barleygrains used in numerous
American foodstuffs, from breads and cookies to noodles and beertrigger
an autoimmune response that can lead to serious health problems.
Shih's rice- and sweet potato-based pancakes are not only suitable for
those suffering from celiac disease and wheat allergies, they're also standouts
in terms of their antioxidant content, with 56 percent more beta carotene than
traditional wheat-based pancakes. The body uses beta carotene to make vitamin
A, an important immune booster and possible cancer preventer.
Shih and Daigle, whose findings were published in the Journal of
Food Quality, experimented with different amounts of sweet potato
flour. Then they scrutinized the pancakes' textural and nutritional properties.
They evaluated the cakes' hardness, cohesiveness, springiness and
chewinessattributes that figure greatly when it comes to flipping, and
noshing on, the perfectly textured flapjack.
In the world of gluten-free foods, textural qualities are especially
important. Since gluten proteins provide dough and batter an essential
visco-elasticity, baked goods made without them run the risk of being flat,
brittle and jaw-achingly dense.
In the end, Shih and Daigle found that the ideal pancake contained 20
to 40 percent sweet potato flourinformation that food companies
specializing in high-quality, gluten-free products should readily gobble
ARS is the U.S. Department of
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- 1 Post By Tdol
Can i get band 8 for this essay in general ielts
Hi All, I will be taking the IELETS exam in a month and i have been taking some practice exams. I'm aiming for a band 8 score anything below this score is unacceptable for me. This is my first time taking the exam and i would like to get a score of 8 on the first try due to available funding and time restrictions. After taking several practice exams i receive an average of 33/40 mark on the listening and reading parts. I'm not too worried about the speaking part of the exam i know it will be a walk in the park. However, the writing portion of the exam i'm very worried about as there is no way of my finding out my level of writing since i don't know anyone proficient enough to check my work. Therefore, i would like to post some of the essays that i have been writing for people in this forum to give their opinion. Constructive critisizm welcomed !
First i would like to post the first essay i've written, I think i may of strayed off the topic, but id like to hear your opinion.
Using a computer every day can have more negative than positive effects on children. Do you agree or disagree?
Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience.
Computers have come a long way since its first inception decades ago. The introduction of the internet has made computers a necessity for both businesses and homes. Today the average family has at least three computers/laptops in their home. The use of computers have raised the living standard world wide. However, recent research proves that negative effects of the increase of computer use by children are starting to outweigh the positive effects.
Recent studies warn parents about the dangers of excessive use of computers by children. Experts say overuse of computers by children can have irreversible effects on their social lives. Doctors say humans social skills are mostly influenced during the early years of life, specifically during the ages of 9 to 15. Expert psychologists stress that during this period it is imperative that all children spend the majority of their time socializing specifically in face to face interaction.
Further studies also warn of the health effects caused by the children’s excessive use of computers. Health experts say children must spend one third of their daily life actively engaged in physical activity and recreation. Failure to meet the body’s physical requirements will have negative effects both physically and mentally. Physical activity strengthens the immune system as well as internal and external body organs. Exercise also allows the heart to pump blood to the brain at a rapid pace, keeping the children in good form mentally.
During my early teenage years I used to spend many hours in front of a computer, with very little social and physical activities. This has caused fatigue, eye pain (due to long hours of eye exposure to monitor) and stress. These side effects quickly disappeared when I started spending less time on the computer and more time playing sports and face to face interaction.
As most people spend a major part of their adult life at work, job satisfaction is an important element of individual wellbeing.
What factors contribute to job satisfaction?
How realistic is the expectation of job satisfaction for all workers?
The majority of a person’s adult life is spent on the job; this makes job satisfaction an important element of the person’s wellbeing. The wellbeing and satisfaction of an employee is top priority for both employees and employers. Employers understand a healthy and happy employee equates to more creativity and productivity. There are many factors that contribute to jobs satisfaction; however the two major factors that are at upmost importance are narrowed down to supportive boss/workers, and a comfortable working environment.
Perhaps the most important factor to job satisfaction is a comfortable working environment. Most human resource managers would rate employee training to be the most important and most expensive process for an organization. They would also rate employee retention to be most important for a healthy and successful business. The majority of workers who quit their jobs say bad working condition is the main factor behind their decision. This forces businesses to use time and resources in order to provide their employees with a very comfortable working environment.
The second most important factor to a happy employee is a supportive boss or co workers. People tend to work extra hard when rewarded. Most employees would say a compliment from a manager or a fellow employee is enough to keep them satisfied.
In fact, a manager who was forced to replace holiday bonus with holiday cards due to spending cuts said he did not see a decline in employee satisfaction. He adds that a holiday thank you card was enough to raise employee moral and keep them in high spirits.
While expectation of job satisfaction for all workers may be difficult, it is still realistic. If the above mentioned points are met by the employer, there is a high probability that this will satisfy all the employees.
Re: Can i get band 8 for this essay in general ielts
For me, there are too many basic mistakes for these to get an 8:
Your writing's good, but you need to get the basic errors out to get such a high mark IMO. Kicking a piece of writing off with a concord error like this does not leap off the page as an 8. Computers have come a long way since its first inception decades ago.
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LA CRESCENT, Minnesota (WXOW) -- The Seven Rivers Sudden Cardiac Arrest Association presented the Church of the Crucifixion in La Crescent with an Automated External Defibrillator (AED) on Wednesday.
The AED is an easy to use, portable device designed to give a life saving shock to the heart.
According to the SCAA, if a cardiac arrest victim is defibrillated within the first minute of collapse, their chance for survival is close to 90%.
If more than 10 minutes pass before defibrillation, the chance of survival drops to less than 5%.
Through fundraisers, the SCAA has been able to donate three AED's locally in the past two years as well as nine units to the La Crosse County Sheriff Department.
Wednesday marks the start of National CPR and AED Awareness Week, which runs June 1st-7th.
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Santa's Village Santa Claus Dundee
Growing Up Santa Claus
It all started in 1966 at the age of four in Havana, Illinois when Santa asked his mother to help him make a Santa Claus Outfit. They took an old red flannel shirt of his father to use as a coat, a pair of red pajamas, black goulashes, and a white handkerchief safety pinned to a Santa hat as whiskers.
Later that day, Santa used a pillow case as a toy sack filled with candy canes and snuck out of the house to visit neighbors. Crossing the street he approached the home of a family friend and entered the house to their surprise. Taking it all in stride, they were happy to have a visit from "Santa". Then immediately phoned his mother.
The four year old made numerous visits that Christmas to friends and family. His father, who was a hospital administrator, allowed him to visit the hospital and pass out greetings to patients. That tradition continued until 1988 when his father retired.
The next year his father took over a new hospital in Watseka, Illinois. Santa entered school that year and started a string of classroom parties that stretched to his high school graduation in 1981. By the fifth grade he was asked to do pre-schools and area nursing homes. His reputation as Santa had grown by the time he entered high school in 1977. The Watseka Area Chamber of Commerce asked if he would be interested in doing their Santa house promotion in downtown. At the age of fourteen he was in his first parade and for the next eight years he played Santa for the chamber.
Shortly after leaving college in 1985, Santa was hired by Instant Photo Corporation of America in Deerfield, Illinois. His job was to train Santas and set up holiday promotions in the Chicago area. Working major department stores, corporate events, and shopping malls he added valuable experience to his character development. One of Instant Photo's accounts in 1985 and 1986 was Santa's Village. This was the start of his year round Santa career. In 1989 he formed his own company and was contracted to be the resident Santa at Santa's Village in Dundee, Illinois.
Santa Claus Visits For...
Santa went on to a career that includes nationally televised parades, commercials, and appearances in some of the nation's largest markets.
Available in the Off-Season For...
Private or Civic Organizations
Christmas in July
Santa's Career Profile
Appeared in 25 parades, including nationally televised parades in Chicago, Illinois and Houston, Texas.
Emceed the Christmas Tree Lighting Ceremonies in Chicago and Houston.
Appears in character on TV shows, billboards, commercials, and magazine covers.
The year-round Santa Claus at Santa's Village Theme Park in Dundee, Illinois. 2006 marked his 20th year of association with the Park.
Appears as Santa at some of the nation's largest department stores and shopping malls.
A guest at some of the top corporate holiday events and parties.
Given the title of "Chicago's Very Own" by WGN-TV and the City of Chicago in 1993.
A technical advisor on the recent remake of "Miracle on 34th Street" for 20th Century Fox.
Part of the team that received the 1994 Brass Ring Award for Theme Park Commercials by the International Association of Amusement Parks and Attractions (IAAPA).
Received the "Hats Off 2 Houston" Award in 1997 from KPRC-TV in Houston.
37 Television Appearances
8 Magazine Covers
5 Print Ad Campaigns
Conducted or lectured at 14 Santa Claus Schools
North Central College of Naperville, Illinois
What people have said about Santa Claus Phil
Phil Wenz is Santa Claus and one of Chicago’s very own.”
WGN-TV Channel Nine, Chicago, IL
“No one can pull The Santa Act better.”
Chicago Tribune, Chicago, IL
“The Master Santa!”
Daily Herald, Arlington Heights, IL
“We got tons of compliments. They just loved him.”
Terri Kaminski, Brach’s Holiday Parade, Chicago, IL
“Phil Wenz is the most authentic Santa in the Chicago area.”
The News Sun, Waukegan, IL
“Don’t tell the kids, but we’ve got the real Santa for our parade, Phillip Wenz of Chicago.”
Houston Chronicle, Houston, TX
“We are proud to have you as our Santa for our parade.”
Virginia Calton Ballard, Bank United Thanksgiving Day Parade, Houston, TX
“Wenz has turned Santa into his life’s work.”
Naperville Sun, Naperville, IL
“The official Santa to the City of Houston.”
Susan Christensen, City of Houston Tree Lighting
“You really must be Santa Claus.”
Debby Winans, Chicago Christmas Parade Association
“This Santa is the real thing.”
Niles Spectator, Niles, IL
“As far as we are concerned, he IS Santa.”
Golfmill Shopping Center Association, Niles, IL
“He’s as close to Santa as you can get.”
Ron Zaccard, Springhill Mall, Dundee, IL
“The nation’s foremost practitioner and student of the Claus arts.”
Eric Zorn, Tribune Media Service, Chicago, IL
“A man who needs only one introduction. Santa Claus.”
Jim Shean, Chicago’s Mayors Office of Special Events
Santa's Village takes great pride in presenting the book that commemorates the Dundee Santa's Village in Illinois. It's written by the last Santa Claus of the Santa's Village parks, and his historical knowledge of all the parks will delight you with insidghts and memories alike. Get your copy of Santa's Village here.
Images of America
PHILLIP L. WENZ
Since 1959, Santa’s Village in Dundee, has entertained millions. The park was born of a man who as a child had no real Christmas. Glenn Holland grew up in California during the Great Depression. His parents died by the time he was 18 years old, leaving him to care for his younger sister. As a father, he tried to give his own children the type of Christmas that he only knew in his dreams. In the early 1950s, struck with inspiration, Holland sat at his kitchen table one day and started to sketch his idea for a Christmas fairyland where all the magic of the holiday would come to life: Santa’s Village. Holland and general contractor Putnam Henck built three Santa’s Villages, two in California and one in Dundee.
Phillip L. Wenz is the Dundee Park’s resident Santa Claus and official historian. Besides his duties at Santa’s Village, Wenz has been seen in numerous televised parades and national holiday events. Utilizing his personal collection of pictures, memorabilia, and rare park photographs, readers can once again reminisce about the fun of Santa’s Village throughout the years. It is all here, the Christmas Tree Ride, the twirling Snowballs, Santa’s House, and the Frozen North Pole.
The Images of America series celebrates the history of neighborhoods, towns, and cities across the country. Using archival photographs, each title presents the distinctive stories from the past that shape the character of the community today. Arcadia is proud to play a part in the preservation of local heritage, making history available to all.
Sponors of Santa's Village:
Christmas Kids - a delightful website full of historical information about Christmas. | <urn:uuid:8db64272-d387-4f15-91e8-ab1068e0a992> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.santasvillage.net/santas.village.santa.claus.phillip.wenz.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368697380733/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516094300-00052-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.951684 | 1,621 | 1.609375 | 2 |
Monday, January 12, 2009
I found a spear in Golden Gate Park!
Yes, you read that correctly; I found a spear -- or, to be more specific, a rocky spear point -- in the park not too long ago, while running through the park on a rare, sunny day. GGP -- long before it was turned into a pleasure garden -- was just one more section of scrubby plants and sand dunes marching out toward the Pacific Ocean. Human habitation has a long history in what is now San Francisco -- reaching back to at least 3,000 years B.C. But this doesn't (necessarily) mean that the relic that I found -- and duly turned over to the de Young Museum, which transferred the item to the California Academy of Sciences, after I provided specific coordinates of where I found this 'surface relic -- is the real deal. Sometimes it takes careful examination to determine whether something like this is authentic or merely a discarded tsoschke from a gift shop somewhere. Stay tuned to this blog --- and I'll give you more answers within the week. | <urn:uuid:b8d76f4d-9f04-43d6-905a-05b8ca075cd0> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.cactuseaters.blogspot.com/2009/01/i-found-spear-in-golden-gate-park.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368703298047/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516112138-00059-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.939036 | 221 | 1.742188 | 2 |
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discussed in biography
...American cultural colonialism and as an example of a clumsy attempt to imitate Jane Austen’s investigation of the ironic discrepancy between illusion and reality. His second novel, The Spy (1821), was based on another British model, Sir Walter Scott’s “Waverley” novels, stories of adventure and romance set in 17th- and 18th-century Scotland. But in ...
What made you want to look up "The Spy"? Please share what surprised you most... | <urn:uuid:b1776391-527d-447b-ae71-106d04ac1eb3> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/561562/The-Spy | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368708142388/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516124222-00042-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.94277 | 142 | 2.375 | 2 |
The platform independent interface for image buffers.
Image buffers depend on the platform (see Images and Backgrounds in Dw), but have this general, platform independent interface. The purpose of an image buffer is
storing the image data,
handling scaled versions of this buffer, and
The latter must be done independently from the window.
Image buffers are created by calling dw::core::Platform::createImgbuf.
Storing Image Data
dw::core::Imgbuf supports five image types, which are listed in the table below. The representation defines, how the colors are stored within the data, which is passed to dw::core::Imgbuf::copyRow.
The last two types need a colormap, which is set by dw::core::Imgbuf::setCMap, which must be called before dw::core::Imgbuf::copyRow. This function expects the colors as 32 bit unsigned integers, which have the format 0xrrbbgg (for indexed images), or 0xaarrggbb (for indexed alpha), respectively.
The buffer with the original size, which was created by dw::core::Platform::createImgbuf, is called root buffer. Imgbuf provides the ability to scale buffers. Generally, both root buffers, as well as scaled buffers, may be shared, memory management is done by reference counters.
Via dw::core::Imgbuf::getScaledBuf, you can retrieve a scaled buffer. Generally, something like this must work always, in an efficient way:
int width, heigt,
oldBuf = curBuf;
oldBuf may both be a root buffer, or a scaled buffer.
The root buffer keeps a list of all children, and all methods operating on the image data (dw::core::Imgbuf::copyRow and dw::core::Imgbuf::setCMap) are delegated to the scaled buffers, when processed, and inherited, when a new scaled buffer is created. This means, that they must only be performed for the root buffer.
A possible implementation could be (dw::fltk::FltkImgbuf does it this way):
If the method is called with an already scaled image buffer, this is delegated to the root buffer.
If the given size is the original size, the root buffer is returned, with an increased reference counter.
Otherwise, if this buffer has already been scaled to the given size, return this scaled buffer, with an increased reference counter.
Otherwise, return a new scaled buffer with reference counter 1.
Special care is to be taken, when the root buffer is not used anymore, i.e. after dw::core::Imgbuf::unref the reference counter is 0, but there are still scaled buffers. Since all methods operating on the image data (dw::core::Imgbuf::copyRow and dw::core::Imgbuf::setCMap) are called for the root buffer, the root buffer is still needed, and so must not be deleted at this point. This is, how dw::fltk::FltkImgbuf solves this problem:
In the following example:
the root buffer is not deleted, when dw::core::Imgbuf::unref is called, since a scaled buffer is left. After calling dw::core::Imgbuf::unref for the scaled buffer, it is deleted, and after it, the root buffer.
dw::core::Imgbuf provides no methods for drawing, instead, this is done by the views (implementation of dw::core::View).
There are two situations, when drawing is necessary:
To react on expose events, the function dw::core::View::drawImage should be used, with the following parameters:
of course, the image buffer,
where the root of the image would be displayed (as xRoot and yRoot), and
the region within the image, which should be displayed (x, y, width, height).
When a row has been copied, it has to be drawn. To determine the area, which has to be drawn, the dw::core::Imgbuf::getRowArea should be used. The result can then passed to dw::core::View::drawImage.
- See Also
- Images and Backgrounds in Dw | <urn:uuid:ea2b0f87-d0b8-4793-9c14-e0b40642bbfe> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.dillo.org/dw/html/classdw_1_1core_1_1Imgbuf.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368705559639/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516115919-00062-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.906186 | 911 | 2.53125 | 3 |
June 28, 2012
Historian John Steele Gordon makes a compelling point about todays Supreme Court ruling in the Obama health care case:
Never before, that I know of, has a federal tax been placed on inactivity. If you buy something, you pay a sales tax. If you earn income, you pay an income tax. If you do business as a corporation, you pay an excise tax. Now, if you dont buy health insurance, you pay a tax on not doing so. What else then can be taxed? Not exercising? Not eating broccoli? Not agreeing with the president?
This seems a proper interpretation of what Chief Justice Roberts wrote in the decision itself. Consider some of his opinions most compelling paragraphs:
… the mandate is not a legal command to buy insurance. Rather, it makes going without insurance just another thing the Government taxes, like buying gasoline or earning income. And if the mandate is in effect just a tax hike on certain taxpayers who do not have health insurance, it may be within Congresss constitutional power to tax.
The Affordable Care Acts requirement that certain individuals pay a financial penalty for not obtaining health insurance may reasonably be characterized as a tax. Because the Constitution permits such a tax, it is not our role to forbid it, or to pass upon its wisdom or fairness.
… it is reasonable to construe what Congress has done as increasing taxes on those who have a certain amount of income, but choose to go without health insurance. Such legislation is within Congresss power to tax.
Where does Roberts find the linchpin of his argument that the mandate is simply a constitutionally justified form of taxation? He explains:
Under the mandate, if an individual does not maintain health insurance, the only consequence is that he must make an additional payment to the IRS when he pays his taxes … That, according to the Government, means the mandate can be regarded as establishing a conditionnot owning health insurancethat triggers a taxthe required payment to the IRS. Under that theory, the mandate is not a legal command to buy insurance. Rather, it makes going without insurance just another thing the Government taxes, like buying gasoline or earning income. And if the mandate is in effect just a tax hike on certain taxpayers who do not have health insurance, it may be within Congresss constitutional power to tax.
Sure, redefine the meaning of terms like mandate and tax, and the phrase under that theory becomes like the accelerator on a juggernaut. The only consequence a phrase so pregnant and looming its sort of like the old line, Other than that, how did you enjoy the play, Mrs. Lincoln? Accepting that only consequence is like saying we should welcome incoming nuclear ordnance. It just makes a big noise, right?
In summary, heres how Mr. Roberts logic seems to operate:
(1) The mandate is, in fact, a tax.
(2) It is a tax on something people choose not to do, as noted by Gordon above.
(3) Congress has the constitutional authority to tax people at least those whose income Congress decides is adequately high - for something they elect not to do.
This is a phenomenal moment in constitutional interpretation: Now Congress has the power to tax a specific kind of volitional inactivity. This is amazing coming from a self-professed originalist like Mr. Roberts.
Those who believe the Constitution actually means what it says know that the taxing power of Congress extends only to those things (the Enumerated Powers) over which the legislative branch of the federal government has authority. How does something people decide not to do conceivably find its way into the Constitutions limited and specific list of federal duties?
As Gordon observes, the extension of this argument is both unlimited and frightening. If I choose not to exercise, will Congress force me to pay higher taxes because Im not doing enough to sustain my health? If I dont fly in airplanes, will I be taxed for failing to do my part for the American aeronautical industry? If I dont wear brightly-colored shirts, will I be taxed because I am insufficiently supportive of the U.S. vegetable dye industry?
However absurd such scenarios might now seem, their plausibility is strengthened by a Court that has decided that Congress possesses the constitutional authority to tax choices that involve conscientious disengagement from a particular form of conduct.
Abraham Lincoln once noted that we cannot escape history. Indeed. And when the history of this court and of our time generally is written, the new federal power - delivered with a whats the big deal? tone in the Chief Justices opinion - will be an inescapable chapter in the story of libertys diminution. | <urn:uuid:bc543292-efb0-4b3d-a1e9-08eb2c6731d9> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.frcblog.com/2012/06/on-being-taxed-for-just-standing-there-the-roberts-opinion-on-the-obama-health-care-law/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368697380733/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516094300-00026-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.955912 | 952 | 2.15625 | 2 |
Please don’t get me wrong—whatever skills I possess in this department today have come to me only through the bitter pain of seemingly countless public speaking events or classroom training sessions where I vainly attempted to fake my way through questions to which I did not know the answers—much to the detriment of both me and my students.
I strongly believe that the ability to deal maturely with questions to which a speaker does not know the answer is one of the hallmarks of a gifted orator. In today’s installment of MTA I will pass along some of the wisdom imparted to me by my teachers that has kept me in good stead over the past decade.
He begins by pointing you to Clarence Dang’s Blog post, “How to Dodge Questions”, an interesting perspective on responding to questions you would rather not answer directly.
I’ve talked a lot about different methods of responding to comments, including mean spirited comments, and I really enjoyed Tim’s comments and recommendations on how to respond to comments and questions from an audience.
One of my favorite “tools” when I’m facing questions during one of my lectures or public speaking events is called “redirection”. I have also used it in my blog’s comments. Tim gives a great example on this:
Question redirection is a super trick that should be a part of every expert instructor’s toolkit. Personally, it has saved my butt on many, many occasions. Here is how it works:
Student 1 (Jon): Tim, who won the Kentucky Derby in 1970?
Tim: Jon, you just provided the class with a wonderful learning experience. Who here knows who won the Kentucky Derby in 1970?
Student 2 (Janice): I’m positive it was Dust Commander.
Tim: Thanks, Janice. There’s your answer, Jon. See what a wealth of information we have in our class?
What’s great about the question redirection method is that it:
* Allows for peer-to-peer interaction among audience/class members
* Allows the teacher to maintain his her or her credibility
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Human immunodeficiency virus, or HIV, is a virus that attacks the immune system. Without treatment, HIV can lead to AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome). People with AIDS have a hard time fighting off infections, which can be potentially life-threatening. There's no cure for HIV, but it can take years10 or morefor AIDS to develop, even without treatment. And with treatment (there are many types of drugs that fight HIV), people with HIV can remain symptom-free for much longer.
FRIDAY, May 17 (HealthDay News) — Liver transplants to treat a common type of liver cancer are a viable option for people infected with HIV, according to new research. The Italian study, published May 10 in the journal The Oncologist, found that the AIDS-causing virus doesn’t affect survival rates and cancer recurrence after transplants among HIV [...]
New guidelines from the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force call for virtually every adult to be routinely screened for HIV, the virus that causes AIDS. The updated recommendations, which are published in the April 30 issue of the journal Annals of Internal Medicine, suggest that pregnant women and all people aged 15 to 65 be screened for HIV.
MONDAY, April 29 (HealthDay News) — Danish scientists testing a novel HIV treatment in human trials contend that they’re confident their strategy will result in a cure for the AIDS-causing virus, according to news reports. The technique — already tested successfully in lab experiments — involves freeing the HIV virus from DNA cells, where it [...]
MONDAY, April 22 (HealthDay News) — Long-term use of powerful drug cocktails known as highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) may help protect the hearts of children and teens infected with HIV, a new study reports. HAART is a form of antiretroviral therapy that is widely used to treat people with HIV, the virus that causes AIDS. [...]
TUESDAY, April 16 (HealthDay News) — A new study reveals that circumcision affects the type of bacteria that live on the penis, which could explain why circumcised men have a 50 percent to 60 percent reduced risk of being infected by HIV, the virus that causes AIDS. Circumcision also lowers the risk of infection with other [...]
RecipesTry these healthy recipes | <urn:uuid:a12a1309-b7fd-4370-83fc-8c1274f0f4d2> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.health.com/health/hiv | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368705195219/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516115315-00002-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.948698 | 483 | 3.4375 | 3 |
Brought to us By VT
Eat Clean for Less
10 ways to stretch your organic food dollars
BY Karen Edwards
Does it feel like your weekly grocery bills are approaching the national debt?
Food prices are definitely on the rise, but this is no time to stop buying organic.
Deborah Madison, chef and author of Seasonal Fruit Desserts, refuses to compromise.
“Buying organic remains incredibly important to me,” she says.
“I know the damage that’s done through conventional farming and genetically modified crops, and it’s considerable.”
Michael Stebner, executive chef of the sustainable-food restaurant True Food Kitchen, agrees that organic shouldn’t be considered a luxury:
“There is this negative stigma to organic food prices, but you’re buying quality.”
Still, if price is an obstacle, there are ways to cut costs without compromising on quality.
Here, chefs and other food experts offer their best strategies.
1. Know the “Dirty Dozen.”
When money is tight, says Stebner, focus on the “necessary organics,”
those fruits and vegetables on the Environmental Working Group’s “Dirty Dozen” list (or the latest list, released in June, see below).
“In general, if it has a skin you don’t eat, it’s OK to buy nonorganic to stretch your dollars,” he notes.
2. Rethink the center aisles.
The conventional healthful-shopping advice is to favor the perimeter of the store, where fresh fruits and veggies reside.
But the center aisles also can be a great source of organic bargains, says Linda Watson, author of Wildly Affordable Organic.
“Here’s where you’ll find organic dried beans, rice, tea, and flour for bread, and all of it is affordable,” she explains.
Seek out store-brand organic products, which tend to be less expensive than those found in the natural-foods section,
says Teri Gault, founder of thegrocery game.com and author of Shop Smart, Save More.
Cindi Avila, a vegetarian chef who has competed on the Food Network’s Chopped, recommends browsing the international food aisle.
“Much of the food here is organic, natural, and inexpensive,” she says. “And when you’re not seeing the same ingredients,
it forces you to think outside the box and come up with different menus.”
3. Use coupons.
“Yes, they do make coupons for organic groceries,” says Paige Wolf, author of Spit That Out!
Log on to mambosprouts.com, organicdeals.com, and recyclebank.com for the latest deals.
“Whole Foods has its own coupon book, which you can clip online at wholefoodsmarket.com/coupons,” she adds.
And don’t be afraid to ask for a bargain, advises Domenica Catelli, a recurring judge on Iron Chef America and owner of Catelli’s restaurant in Geyserville, Calif. “If you know of a lower price on an item, ask the store to match it,” she says.
“Not all stores will do it, but it doesn’t hurt to ask.”
4. Step outside the supermarket.
Farm stands or farmers’ markets, where you can buy local produce in season (and often in bulk), can be a real value, says Mark Kastel, cofounder of the Cornucopia Institute. Foods tend to be cheapest at their seasonal peaks, and just-picked quality will inspire you to eat it all up.
5. Choose sturdy, multipurpose veggies.
If you’re throwing away parts of your food, you’re throwing away money. That’s why buying produce, such as pumpkin, where both the flesh and seeds are edible is a good bargain, says Tracy Wilczek, MS, RD, LD, a dietitian with Florida’s Pritikin Longevity Center and Spa.
Broccoli is another economical option, says Madison: “Everyone eats the tops, but if you peel the stems you can use them in soups and salads.”
“Sturdy” vegetables, such as carrots, cabbage, and cauliflower, are also smart buys.
“Other vegetables wilt right away, but these will last a while,” says Watson.
6. Edit your spice rack.
Dried herbs keep their potency for about six months, so it doesn’t make sense to keep spice racks loaded with full jars, says Wilczek: “If you’re using dried herbs, be picky. Buy only what you’ll really use.” Natural-foods stores and some supermarkets offer organic herbs and spices in bulk, so you can measure out what you need and pay by the ounce. (Tip: when discarding expired jarred spices, clean the jars and reuse for your bulk buys.)
7. Grow it yourself.
When it comes to fresh herbs, grow your own, advises Catelli, who keeps a couple of herb pots on her windowsill.
Next time a recipe calls for fresh rosemary, skip the $2.50 clamshell pack in the produce aisle and head for the store’s flower department.
Invest $4 on a small rosemary plant, and you’ll have a steady supply of the herb for years to come.
“Why buy herbs when they’re so easy to grow?” asks Madison.
Thinking beyond herbs, Mark Simmons, a caterer and contestant on season four of Top Chef, says the best plants for first-time gardeners are disease-resistant, high-yield veggies, such as tomatoes, bell peppers, eggplant, peas, and bush beans. He also recommends spinach, kale, and Swiss chard. “These greens will produce all season long,” he says.
8. Fatten your freezer.
When it comes to stretching food dollars, the freezer can be your best friend, says Kastel:
“Buy fresh fruits and vegetables in season, eat what you can, and freeze the rest.”
Frozen organic fruits and vegetables (again, seek out store brands) can also be a bargain when fresh produce goes out of seasonplus, they’re convenient, says Wilczek: “The produce has been cleaned and is ready for use.”
Gilda Mulero, a natural-foods chef and cooking instructor, offers another tip: throw freezer leftovers into a blender and whip up a smoothie.
“I freeze spinach, chard, beets, strawberries, and blueberries and make a smoothie out of it with coconut water.
It’s my power smoothie,” she says.
9. Can it!
Buying produce in bulk and canning it is a way to save cash, as well as extend the summer growing season.
“Food co-operatives and extension offices are offering more canning classes, and they’re filling up,” says Kastel.
“It’s part of a new self-sufficiency mind-set.”
Suvir Saran, executive chef and partner of New York’s D’avi Restaurant and a contestant on this past spring’s Top Chef Masters, suggests another way to preserve local produce when it’s in season: prepare chutneys and relishes.
Because of their acidic content, they can sit on a shelf unopened for up to a year if appropriately processed and canned.
10. Hone your knife skills.
Mulero says learning to use a knife is one of the first skills she teaches students.
“The cut-up fruits and vegetables in the market are usually three times the price and three times less quality,” she notes.
Rarely are they organic, and precut produce doesn’t last as long in your fridge. Better to trim, chop, and dice yourself.
The New Dirty Dozen
According to the Environmental Working Group’s latest findings (just released in June), these are the 12 most pesticide-laden conventionally grown fruits and vegetables, followed by the 15 lowest in pesticide residue. This year, apples move from the No. 4 position to No. 1 on the Dirty Dozen; mushrooms make their first appearance on the Clean 15. Shop accordingly.
Dirty Dozen (buy these organic)
6. Nectarines (imported)
7. Grapes (imported)
8. Sweet bell peppers
10. Blueberries (domestic)
12. Kale/collard greens
Clean 15 (least contaminated)
2. Sweet corn
6. Sweet peas
9. Cantaloupe (domestic)
13. Sweet potatoes | <urn:uuid:43c0d52e-b6b1-4bd8-9ffe-83ddc55474fd> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://attractingwellness.net/2012/07/15/eat-clean-for-less/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368696381249/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516092621-00011-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.907308 | 1,935 | 1.984375 | 2 |
More funding is needed to avert a humanitarian disaster in Africa's Sahel region where up to 14 million people are suffering from food shortages, the international Red Cross said on Tuesday.
The emerging crisis in the desert area is underfunded because early warnings are going unheeded, the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC) said.
The UN estimates that as many as 23 million people could be hit by the food crisis in Niger, Chad, Mali, Burkina Faso, Mauritania and Senegal, spurred by poor harvests last year.
The Sahel belt is particularly sensitive to drought and famine. In 2010 some 10 million people were affected by a severe food crisis.
"IFRC is urging donors to come to the aid of the Sahel but also to invest in longer term resilience to break the cycle of chronic food shortages in the region," a statement said.
Momodou Lamin Fye, who represents the IFRC in the Sahel, has just returned from Mauritania.
"I saw for myself how severe the situation is," he told a journalists' briefing.
"It could quickly develop into a humanitarian disaster if the world does not start paying attention to the plight," he said.
The UN World Food Programme said it will host a meeting of humanitarian agencies and donor governments on Wednesday to address the need to increase aid.
"The time to act is now," said WFP executive director Josette Sheeran in a statement.
"This gathering comes at a critical moment as humanitarian agencies are gearing up their responses in an effort to prevent a crisis becoming a disaster."© ANP/AFP | <urn:uuid:ce5680d4-bedd-4e2d-b7f5-711ebbff95a4> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.rnw.nl/africa/bulletin/red-cross-urges-aid-avoid-sahel-disaster | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368708142388/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516124222-00009-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.960872 | 337 | 2.515625 | 3 |
||SPD642 - Academic Instruction M/S
||For the correct edition of the textbook assigned to a specific class, go to: http://www.nutextdirect.com
|Course Description: This course covers identifying and teaching academic content for students with severe disabilities across the educational placement continuum, including instruction in the general curriculum, use of Universal Design principles, and a functional skills approach. The course presents methods for determining functional skills, curriculum selection, development and adaptation to approximate the general education curriculum using the California curriculum frameworks and State standards. Assessment in all areas of academic instruction is emphasized.
|Course Learning Outcomes:
- integrate and apply knowledge of the characteristics, including the learning characteristics of students with moderate/severe disabilities
- derive a target set of instructional objectives for a student between the ages of 3 and 22 by conducting an ecological inventory
- identify how the principle of partial participation would be included in teaching functional academics
- contrast a top-down analysis with a developmental or bottom-up analysis
- perform a performance discrepancy analysis
- derive individualized functional instructional objectives, considering the child’s current age and potential future targets.
- write comprehensive lesson plans connected to grade level standards in Reading/Language Arts, Math, Science, Health, and the Arts (Art, Music, or Drama)
- implement a teacher (candidate)-made curricular material to teach a skill in the area of Reading/Language Arts or Math, to a student with moderate/severe disabilities.
- create a lesson plan incorporating the principles of Universal Design to teach a lesson to general education students and students with moderate/severe disabilities in an inclusive setting.
|Specified Program Learning Outcomes:
Specialization in Moderate/Severe
- Analyze students' verbal and non-verbal communication abilities to develop needed augmentative, alternative or signed systems including assistive technology, to enhance communication, social interaction, academic performance and skill development.
- Analyze the implications of the characteristics of students with Moderate/Severe/Profound disabilities for service delivery impacting assessments, IEP development, instruction, and program options.
- Analyze the movement, mobility, sensory, and specialized health care needs to access school and community to the fullest extent using appropriate techniques, procedures, materials, assistive technology, and adaptive equipment.
- Evaluate a variety of assessments and procedures to maximize students' participation in standards and evidence-based, academic/life skills/wellness curriculum within IEP goals and objectives across school/community settings.
· Complete assigned readings in text and participate in class discussions and activities.
· Completion of a project of a student, delineating an ecological inventory and performance discrepancy. The performance discrepancy and prioritize the instructional objectives for this student.
· Unit of Instruction consisting of 5 lesson plans to teach Academics to students with Moderate/Severe disabilities. Lessons will be based on CA grade level content standards. At least one lesson in this unit of instruction will incorporate the principles of Universal Design to teach a lesson to general education students and students with moderate/severe disabilities in an inclusive setting. (This Unit of Instruction will be combined with the 5 lessons from the Unit of Instruction created in SPD 19 – Life Skills and Transition course and placed in the candidate’s portfolio as a signature assignment.)
· Implementation and assessment of a teacher (candidate)-made curricular material to teach an instructional objective in Reading/Language Arts or Math derived from the completed ecological inventory and performance discrepancy.
Students with Disabilities:
Students seeking special accommodations due to a disability must submit an application with supporting documentation, as explained under this subject heading in the General Catalog. Instructors are required to provide such accommodations if they receive written notification from the University.
Writing Across the Curriculum:
Students are expected to demonstrate writing skills in describing, analyzing and evaluating ideas and experiences. Written reports and research papers must follow specific standards regarding citations of an author's work within the text and references at the end of the paper. Students are encouraged to use the services of the University's Writing Center when preparing materials.
The following website provides information on APA, MLA, and other writing and citation styles that may be required for term papers and the like: http://www.nu.edu/LIBRARY/ReferenceTools/citations.html
National University Library:
National University Library supports academic rigor and student academic success by providing access to scholarly books and journals both electronically and in hard copy. Print materials may be accessed at the Library in San Diego or through document delivery for online and regional students. Librarians are available to provide training, reference assistance, and mentoring at the San Diego Library and virtually for online or regional students. Please take advantage of Library resources:
Contact the Library:
- (858) 541-7900 (direct line)
- 1-866-NU ACCESS x7900 (toll free)
Use the Library Training Tools (on the Library Homepage) for additional help
- Recorded class presentations
- Tutorials & Guides (APA/MLA, Peer-Review, and more)
Plagiarism is the presentation of someone else's ideas or work as one's own. Students must give credit for any information that is not either the result of original research or common knowledge. If a student borrows ideas or information from another author, he/she must acknowledge the author in the body of the text and on the reference page. Students found plagiarizing are subject to the penalties outlined in the Policies and Procedures section of the University Catalog, which may include a failing grade for the work in question or for the entire course. The following is one of many websites that provide helpful information concerning plagiarism for both students and faculty: http://www.indiana.edu/~wts/pamphlets/plagiarism.shtml
Ethical behavior in the classroom is required of every student. The course will identify ethical policies and practices relevant to course topics.
Students are expected to be competent in using current technology appropriate for this discipline. Such technology may include word processing, spreadsheet, and presentation software. Use of the internet and e-mail may also be required.
Learning to work with and value diversity is essential in every class. Students are expected to exhibit an appreciation for multinational and gender diversity in the classroom.
As a diverse community of learners, students must strive to work together in a setting of civility, tolerance, and respect for each other and for the instructor. Rules of classroom behavior (which apply to online as well as onsite courses) include but are not limited to the following:
- Conflicting opinions among members of a class are to be respected and responded to in a professional manner.
- Side conversations or other distracting behaviors are not to be engaged in during lectures, class discussions or presentations
- There are to be no offensive comments, language, or gestures | <urn:uuid:0ad49868-73f0-48b0-be1b-d3d613f0b1ae> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.nu.edu/OurPrograms/SchoolOfEducation/SpecialEducation/Courses/SPD642Syllabus.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368696383156/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516092623-00006-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.906385 | 1,415 | 3.171875 | 3 |
Do you know what causes the “knots” or muscle spasms in your upper back and shoulders? Would you be surprised if I told you it is most often muscles?
A knot is a contraction or spasm in a muscle.
The most common cause is over-work. That means that you are over-working some of your muscles while others don’t get used enough.
When you were a child, you used all of your 600+ muscles. Then you grew up. As adults, most of use use fewer than 100 muscles on a daily basis. Not good.
Not good at all.
Some of your muscles are getting short from being used all the time. Some are getting stretched because they aren’t used enough. They get weak and cannot hold their own against the stronger, shorter muscles.
To protect themselves when they are being stretched too far muscles can go into a contraction (that means they get short, too, but it is a different type of contraction than the muscles that you use all the time.) That protects the stretched, weak muscles from injury (being ripped) but it gives you a “pain in the back.”
Most pain of this sort happens in the back near the spine or on the outer side of the back under the arm. Or both.
It’s a clue. Pain is always a clue.
It means that your muscles are unhappy about something. And when your muscles are unhappy your job is to figure out why and make a correction. You might even have to make several corrections to get rid of your “knotty” problem.
Knots in your back and shoulders can come from poor posture. If you are collapsing forward or have a “forward head” it puts a lot of pressure on the muscles of your upper back. So does a rounded back.
It can also come from having weak back muscles. I suspect that carrying babies or other heavy things on your hip causes lots of knots in backs. And of course there are other causes. Even using a computer mouse in an incorrect position can be a cause.
The good news is that most of the causes of those miserable knots involve muscles and muscles are treatable!
And now I’d like to invite you to discover how to heal the pain (<– click here) in your upper back naturally.
It doesn’t matter whether you call them knots, muscles spasms or contractions, the fact is they hurt. You can claim your free report “Five Steps To Get Rid Of Those Miserable Knots In Your Back” now.
I’m Kathryn Merrow, The Pain Relief Coach, and I look forward to helping you get rid of the muscle pain in your upper back naturally. | <urn:uuid:13d56c23-81c9-48de-88d1-673cb941f6b9> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.simplebackpainrelief.com/upper-back-pain/get-rid-of-knots-in-your-back-and-shoulders-naturally/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368699273641/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516101433-00030-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.953566 | 574 | 2.484375 | 2 |
In the UK, GPS is called "satnav," or "satellite navigation system" (makes sense). Some GPS systems tell drivers of large trucks to drive through tiny towns with medieval streets. When the trucks get stuck trying to navigate unnavigable areas, especially in small towns, freakish disasters result.
Here in the US, unnavigable small town streets are less a worry than are GPS units that direct people along shortcut routes to total disaster. Just recently, two different couples were lost in western Oregon due to GPS unit disasters. Each followed GPS directions to a point where they lost their satellite signal - in frozen winter conditions.
But look at this tech blog post, which essentially makes fun of the people who are dumb enough to follow their GPS down a dirt logging road in a blizzard. It seems to lack any consideration that yes - there are people who ARE that dumb, but who might receive other warnings or have time to think twice if they were using old-fashioned road maps for navigation. Even idiots know that those dotted, spidery lines don't mean big, two-lane highways, they mean goat paths out in the wilderness. Anybody who doesn't know that is probably too dumb to live, anyway. In addition to those wandering haplessly and helplessly in the wilderness, other have blindly followed their GPS' lead into muddy open fields, rivers, and over train tracks, where they were promptly threatened by oncoming locomotives. This couple took their 11-month old daughter on a near-death ride following a precarious route mapped over the Oregon mountains.
It sounds ridiculous, but the answer for all of these problems is common sense. Don't follow GPS blindly. Use it as a help and support - but always have a paper backup, always carry basic survival supplies, and never drive into an unfamiliar road in a 2-wheel drive car and hope that you can "make it." | <urn:uuid:4d51061e-e22d-4bb2-95b2-42b0b9e43d3e> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.asterling.com/driving/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368696382584/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516092622-00051-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.977088 | 389 | 2.21875 | 2 |
Experience the Original Heritage Lavender Farms
that have made Sequim famous for 17 years!
over 17 years the world has flocked to the Sequim-Dungeness Valley for
the joys of lavender…and the original Sequim lavender farms that started it all! The Sequim Lavender Farm Faire – “The Faire”
– connects you to all of the historic and world famous farms that you
have visited or heard about and that have made Sequim an international
The Sequim Lavender Farm Faire is your “go to” location for the summer… the original Heritage Lavender Farm Tour is the life-enhancing event that will inspire and amaze you, and Lavender Arts and Crafts Faire in the Park is the free, gorgeous family friendly all-day park venue.
The Story of Sequim Lavender
The Sequim lavender movement began in 1995 when a group of passionate farmers sought to restore the agricultural heritage of the fertile Sequim valley. Today, the Sequim Lavender Farmers Association grows and supports the production of premium quality lavender on family owned farms. These dedicated farmers are working toward a common goal of preserving and promoting lavender in the Sequim-Dungeness Valley and making Sequim the worldwide destination for lavender lovers.
Why Charge For The Lavender Farm Tour?
The Faire is our annual fundraising event... a festival at each farm on tour every summer to raise dollars for our programs, the community, the industry-wide lavender conference, and to help us meet our mission of promoting, educating, and inspiring the importance of lavender and all its benefits, and giving back to the community. And, revenue from ticket/button sales helps offset the high costs of producing this extraordinary event and taking care of thousands of visitors from around the world.
Giving Back to the Community
We are deeply connected to the communities in which we live and work. At Lavender in the Park we feature Community Lavender Links, a program for the promotion and health of our nonprofit community. We give free booth space to more than 15 nonprofit organizations so all the money they raise goes directly to their programs.
Sequim Lavender Weekend
Thanks to the sponsorship and support of the City of Sequim, Sequim Lavender Weekend
is a community-wide celebration with multiple events celebrating this
amazing plant. Access all the lavender events and transportation options
at www.sequimlavenderweekend.com, or
at any of the information booths. In addition to the information
booths, marketing, and coordination of signage, the City of Sequim is
also providing a free In-City Shuttle Service, linking all of the
events and major parking lots. Thanks to the City of Sequim for helping
all of us create a greater celebration for all to enjoy.
Ciscoe Morris Returns to the Opening Ceremonies!
The official opening of the Sequim Lavender Farm Faire takes place on Friday July 19 at 11:30 a.m. at the Faire’s Lavender in the Park at Carrie Blake/Reuse Demonstration Park. The opening features the rousing and patriotic sounds of the 133rd Army Band, based at Camp Murray. Northwest favorite media personality and master gardener Cisco Morris returns
to anoint us all with lavender “buds” and his great energy and
knowledge. We will honor our veterans and our community with a program
of patriotic and band standards—and, of course, a shower of lavender
buds on everyone. | <urn:uuid:2f854c0e-a47d-499b-95ad-3b5722826ca2> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://sequimlavenderfarmersassociation.com/Farm_Faire_Welcome.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368699881956/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516102441-00017-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.902727 | 736 | 1.679688 | 2 |
"GABRIEL": Geo-Aware BRoadcasting for In-Vehicle Entertainment and Localizability
We have retrofitted a vehicle with location-aware advisories/announcements, delivered via wireless headphones for passengers and "nearphones" or bone-conduction headphones for the driver. Our prototype differs from other projects exploring spatialization of the aural information: besides the commonly used landmarks to trigger audio streams delivery, our prototype uses geo-located virtual sources to synthesize spatial soundscapes. Intended as a "proof of concept" and testbed for future research, our development features multilingual tourist information, navigation instructions, and traffic advisories rendered simultaneously.
Click to purchase paper or login as an AES member. If your company or school subscribes to the E-Library then switch to the institutional version. If you are not an AES member and would like to subscribe to the E-Library then Join the AES!
This paper costs $20 for non-members, $5 for AES members and is free for E-Library subscribers. | <urn:uuid:5ce1cedc-5881-4d71-bb56-5cb40f97715b> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.aes.org/e-lib/browse.cfm?elib=15556 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368710006682/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516131326-00062-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.911775 | 217 | 1.6875 | 2 |
Culture & Language
- The John Adams Institute A non-profit organization to promote the exchange of culture between the United States and the Netherlands
- Ministry of Culture
Information in English on Dutch cultural policy.
NEWCOMER TO HOLLAND?
The American Women's Club of Amsterdam (AWCA) is a non-profit, volunteer organization providing friendship and support for American women, as well as non-American women with close ties to the United States, who are living in the Netherlands. The AWCA helps in facilitating the integration into the Dutch community.
Founded in 1927, the AWCA now has Members from the Amsterdam, 't Gooi, Haarlem, Amstelveen areas. Newcomers are always welcome to attend! Gatherings of various kinds are held in each of our four regional areas, making it easier for Members to get involved in their local communities. As an AWCA Member, you will receive our monthly magazine, Tulip Talk, and have the opportunity to take part in classes and lectures, community service projects, newcomer activities, cultural events, tours, day and evening social events, and of course, the expected cup of coffee and friendly laughter.
At our monthly General Meetings, featured speakers present topics of political, economic, or cultural relevance. We are a dynamic group of women, always open to fresh ideas. We invite you to join us at a General Meeting and find your place in the AWCA! . | <urn:uuid:88b0fcdd-a59c-4b0a-8766-4b6c21176c66> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.awca.nl/joomla25/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=60&Itemid=70 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368703298047/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516112138-00045-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.940409 | 298 | 1.75 | 2 |
A handy feature while editing files within Visual Studio is to open up a Windows Explorer window for the folder that contains the selected file (perhaps to rename a set of files, or to change the attributes etc). This feature has been within the Visual Studio IDE for a few revisions. The easiest way to access it is to open a file in the editor, then right click on the file’s tab and select the “Open Containing Folder” menu option.
One problem with this feature is that it requires the file to be opened within the editor in order to be able to right click on its tab. For forms and other project files with complex editor behaviour it can be a timely exercise waiting for the file to load into the editor just to be able to right click on it.
A handy solution to this problem within Visual Studio 2008 is an add-on called the “PowerCommands for Visual Studio 2008“. This extension, written by Microsoft, adds a set of additional functionality to various context menus within the IDE. The two most relevant to this discussion are the “Open Command Prompt” and “Open Containing Folder” options available while right clicking files within the Solution Explorer window (as seen in the screenshot to the right). This saves needing to load the file within the editor in order to access this option and is a great productivity boost. For more details check out the Visual Studio Extensibility (VSX) team blog. The PowerCommands extension is worth installing for just this feature, but also introduces a range of additional ones you will soon not be able to live without.
Going even further
IDE productivity fanatics and keyboard power users may be interested in the following additional things which may further maximise the use of this feature:
- You could follow the “How to: Work with Shortcut key Combinations” article on MSDN in order to bind the feature to a keyboard shortcut. The command is “File.OpenContainingFolder”.
- You could add this feature as a menu item within the Tools menu by following the instructions recently given on the .NET Tip of The Day blog. I for one didn’t think about using Visual Studio environment variables such as $(ItemPath) within this dialog.
If you like these kinds of IDE productivity tips, you might like to subscribe to Sara Ford’s blog. | <urn:uuid:87995a17-0daa-4735-92e6-6c117f3f00a3> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.christec.co.nz/blog/archives/266 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368697380733/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516094300-00033-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.904027 | 488 | 2.484375 | 2 |
Michael Stanton (SCS00) and his wife, Mariann, thought they were doing everything they could to treat their son’s seizures — until they found 4-year-old Danny’s lifeless body in his bed in December 2009.
Shortly after they buried their son, the Stantons launched the Danny Did Foundation to raise awareness of Sudden Unexplained Death in Epilepsy and promote the development and use of seizure detection and prediction devices.
An Evanston police officer, Stanton and his wife live in Chicago’s Edgebrook neighborhood with their three children, Mary Grace, Johnny and Tommy. They have worked tirelessly with doctors and neurologists to gain Food and Drug Administration approval for seizure detection devices. The foundation has also subsidized the Emfit Movement Monitor, a seizure activity alarm, for nearly 100 families across the country.
“I attribute the success of the foundation to Danny and the power of his personality,” Stanton says.
The Danny Did Foundation will be the primary beneficiary for the 2013 Dance Marathon (see the video announcement).
Tell us what you think. E-mail comments or questions to the editors at firstname.lastname@example.org.
Ever wonder about those strange designations we use throughout Northwestern to identify alumni of the various schools of the University? See the complete list. | <urn:uuid:2d64b8b6-daf2-4165-8337-0f3b20626ea7> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.northwestern.edu/magazine/summer2012/alumnilife/michael-stanton-remembering-danny_print.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368703682988/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516112802-00018-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.964255 | 270 | 1.625 | 2 |
In 1972, she was elected to the United States House of Representatives, becoming the first black woman from a Southern state to serve in the House. She received extensive support from former President Lyndon Johnson, who helped her secure a position on the House Judiciary Committee. In 1974, she made an influential, televised speech before the House Judiciary Committee supporting the impeachment of President Richard Nixon.
Jordan was mentioned as a possible running mate to Jimmy Carter in 1976, and that year she became the first African-American woman to deliver the keynote address at the Democratic National Convention. Her speech in New York that summer was ranked 5th in "Top 100 American Speeches of the 20th century" list and was considered by many historians to have been the best convention keynote speech in modern history. Despite not being a candidate Jordan received one delegate vote (0.03%) for president at the convention.
Jordan retired from politics in 1979 and became an adjunct professor teaching ethics at the University of Texas at Austin Lyndon B. Johnson School of Public Affairs. She again was a keynote speaker at the Democratic National Convention in 1992.
In 1995, Jordan chaired a Congressional commission that advocated increased restriction of immigration, called for all U.S. residents to carry a national identity card and increased penalties on employers that violated U.S. immigration regulations. Then-President Clinton endorsed the Jordan Commission's... [continues]
Cite This Essay
(2010, 11). Barbara Jordan: The First African-American Woman State Senator. StudyMode.com. Retrieved 11, 2010, from http://www.studymode.com/essays/Barbara-Jordan-The-First-African-American-Woman-496242.html
"Barbara Jordan: The First African-American Woman State Senator" StudyMode.com. 11 2010. 11 2010 <http://www.studymode.com/essays/Barbara-Jordan-The-First-African-American-Woman-496242.html>.
"Barbara Jordan: The First African-American Woman State Senator." StudyMode.com. 11, 2010. Accessed 11, 2010. http://www.studymode.com/essays/Barbara-Jordan-The-First-African-American-Woman-496242.html. | <urn:uuid:1ed67020-28a3-4cad-9707-2701975554ff> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.studymode.com/essays/Barbara-Jordan-The-First-African-American-Woman-496242.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368701852492/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516105732-00000-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.928604 | 465 | 3.140625 | 3 |
Updated on 27 September 2012
Dr Pawan Kumar Dhar, the founding editor-in-chief of Springer's System and Synthetic Biology and director of the Center for Biodesign, Symbiosis, India, is a renowned bio-informatician and systems biologist. Dr Dhar is the inventor of Cellware and is know for artificially making proteins from non-coding DNA
DNA sends the coded message to RNA for the onward transmission of message to proteins. For a long time people thought that once the ‘DNA tap' is open, the message will flow out uniformly. Not any longer. Some of the recent experiments have demonstrated that the transmission of DNA's message to RNAs and proteins looks more like perfume spray, with the intensity of gene and protein expression being highly fluctuating. Technically we know this as genetic noise. In parallel, molecular biology experiments have shown that cellular edits in the form of addition, deletion or replacement of genes frequently result in unexpected cellular behaviors.
It is interesting that the information travels at least six magnitude in size from H-atom to the whole cell level. Understanding such a system that shows spatial, temporal and contextual complexity optimized for millions of years is clearly non-trivial. Is there an alternate way to understand how biological systems function?
In the summer of 2004, people at MIT took an audacious step towards exploring the possibility of engineering organisms by organizing the first conference of Synthetic Biology. The questions that formed the basis of this new approach were simple. Can we compose organisms from scratch? Can we perform precise network edits and biologically engineer organisms towards predetermined behaviors? If yes, what are the key requirements, the best case scenarios and boundary conditions of compiling organisms?
Synthetic Biology is defined as a controllable construction of biological systems from scratch. The intended meaning of "synthetic" is not chemical, as the term might tend to indicate. Several alternative terms like constructive biology, biological technology, biodesign, biosystems engineering have appeared to emphasize construction of biological systems part-by-part.
Some of the key features of the synthetic biology approach, include abstraction of biological systems into parts, devices and circuits; building an inventory of well characterized parts; making a bio-truth table; developing data extraction and data exchange standards; identifying the rules of composition; inventing technologies for rapid synthesis and rapid assembly of parts; and developing a BioCAD platform. | <urn:uuid:237a5c04-c4ff-4823-adad-b14b9d3949d8> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.biospectrumasia.com/biospectrum/opinion/22509/designing-organisms-science-synthetic-biology | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368706499548/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516121459-00018-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.93011 | 492 | 2.78125 | 3 |
We wrote last month about Alphagov, the Cabinet Office’s prototype, more usable, central Government website. It made extensive use of ScraperWiki.
In total 56 scrapers were used. You can find them tagged “alphagov” on the ScraperWiki website. There are a few more not yet in use, making 66 in total. They were written by 14 different developers from both inside and outside the Alphagov team – more on that process another day.
The bulk of scrapers were there to migrate and combine content, like transcripts of ministerial speeches and details of government consultations. These were then imported into sections of alpha.gov.uk - speeches are here, and the consultations here.
This is the first time, that I know of, that the Government has organised a cross-government view of speeches and consultations. (Although third parties like TellThemWhatYouThink have covered similar ground before). This is vital to citizens who don’t fall into particular departmental categories, but want to track things based on topics that matter to them.
The rest of the scrapers were there to turn content into datasets. You need a dataset to make something more usable.
It seems strange at first for a Government to scrape its own websites. It isn’t though. It lets them move quickly (agile!), and concentrate first on the important part – making the experience for citizens as good as possible.
And now, thanks to Alphagov using ScraperWiki, you can download and use all the data yourself – or repurpose the scraping scripts for something else.
Let us know if you do something with it! | <urn:uuid:41887f8e-9f61-45e5-b4a0-3d0efda1ab24> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://blog.scraperwiki.com/2011/06/13/why-the-government-scraped-itself/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368698924319/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516100844-00072-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.959906 | 342 | 2.15625 | 2 |
characterized by changes in the brain
which result in a compulsive desire to use a drug. A combination of many factors including genetics, environment and behavior influence a person's addiction risk, making it an incredibly complicated disease. The new science of addiction considers all of these factors - from biology to family - to unravel the complexities of the addicted brain.
The reward pathway is responsible for driving our feelings of motivation, reward and behavior.
Drugs work over time to change the reward pathway and affect the entire brain, resulting in addiction.
What it means to be "hard-wired." Shown above, a cell from a meth-addicted brain (right) differs in structure from a normal brain cell (left). Taking meth causes long-lasting brain cell changes.
Genetic susceptibility to addiction is the result of the interaction of many genes.
Ninety percent of smokers start at or before age 18. The vast majority of adults who are addicted to nicotine began smoking during adolescence.
If you use drugs when you are an adolescent, you are more likely to develop lifetime addiction. An individual's social environment also influences addiction risk.
A Peruvian woman sells coca leaves (from which cocaine is derived). Coca is chewed as a mild daily stimulant and smoked in religious ceremonies. Should certain cultures be permitted to use an illegal drug? If so, how is that use regulated?
Addiction impacts society with many ethical, legal and social issues.
Links to information about the topics discussed here and more.
Supported by a Science Education Drug Abuse Partnership Award (SEDAPA),
from The National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health. The contents provided here are solely the responsibility
of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of NCRR or NIH.
Grant Number: 1 R25 DA 15461 | <urn:uuid:0e5d7ad5-1b1d-428a-9ec5-6ae6d49b9e76> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/CONTENT/ADDICTION/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368711005985/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516133005-00054-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.91482 | 374 | 3.265625 | 3 |
"Junk DNA" is a very popular subject among anti-evolution commentators. At the Discovery Institute (DI) and Reasons To Believe (RTB), as well as other creationist outlets, you can find ample discussion of "junk DNA" and why it matters to Christians who don't like evolution.
I've mentioned this topic several times myself, because I believe that the misuse of science by creationists is seldom more in evidence than when opponents of evolution confront genetics and genomics. As I've noted before, common descent provides a superior explanation for the extraordinary facts gleaned through comparative genomics (i.e., the examination and comparison of genome structure, overall and in detail, among different types of organisms), and there is no competing scientific explanation. As I see it, a knowledgeable Christian person considering these data has exactly two rational alternatives: 1) acknowledge the explanatory power of common ancestry and accept its reality; or 2) acknowledge the appearance of common ancestry but deny its reality. Any other choice is indicative of ignorance or of some form of intellectual dishonesty; I have advocated the use of the concept of folk science to account for the tendency of some apologists (e.g., the "scholars" at Reasons To Believe) to misrepresent science in defense of their preconceived interpretive framework.
Regarding so-called "junk DNA," the claims of the DI and RTB are quite similar, and I will consider them together here.
My assertion in these next 3 posts on "junk DNA" is this in a nutshell: the writing of the DI and RTB on the subject of "junk DNA" is a melange of half-truths, non sequiturs, quote-mined proof texts and outright fabrications that adds up to one of the clearest examples of folk science that I can imagine. My conclusion is that one would be very unwise to consult these sources for knowledge about developmental or evolutionary genetics, and that the architects of this deception are engaged in scholarly misconduct if not outright dishonesty.
When these apologists write about "junk DNA," they commit sins of commission and omission. I've identified 3 significant themes in this edifice of folk science, and the 3 posts will deal with each in turn.
- Creationists insist that "junk DNA" is functional and therefore that evolutionary claims regarding its origin are mistaken.
- Creationists systematically ignore fact and theory regarding the nature of vast numbers of non-coding genetic elements, which make up the bulk of the genetic material that is referred to as "junk DNA." Specifically, these apologists ignore (and sometimes deny) the fact that millions of chunks of DNA in the human genome alone are known to be mobile genetic elements.
- Creationists distort the nature of ongoing research and debate concerning the evolutionary roles and fates of various "junk DNA" elements.
Creationists of various stripes commonly claim that because evolutionary biologists automatically assumed that non-coding DNA lacked function, little or no research on the subject occurred for decades. That claim is doubly false: biologists have always adopted various stances on the functional roles of non-coding DNA, and consequently research into its function has proceeded apace.
Enormous numbers of DNA elements that make up the bulk of the human genome -- and most of its non-coding "junk" segments -- have been identified and are being actively investigated by molecular biologists. These elements are anything but mysterious: they are so-called mobile genetic elements of various kinds, with well-known properties. Their properties, and their use in scores of analyses of evolutionary relationships, are systematically omitted from creationist writings on the subject.
The proteins that enable animals to smell are called olfactory receptors (ORs). The human genome contains about 800 OR genes, but more than half of them have been inactivated by mutation, yielding what are called pseudogenes. These "fossil genes" are found in precisely the same locations within the genome as are the fully-functional versions in other mammals (i.e., mice). Analysis of these genes and their properties has led to the construction of a highly coherent explanatory framework that accounts for the existence of these pseudogenes and the evolution of smell in vertebrates. Looking for a creationist approach to these data? The word 'olfactory' appears nowhere on RTB's website; at the DI, you'll find it in lots of articles...about stem cells.
So, stay tuned, or if you just can't wait go to Genomicron, a superb blog about nothing but genomes and evolution. | <urn:uuid:1d3721d0-732a-46d6-9ab0-8d51b6f28496> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://sfmatheson.blogspot.com/2007/12/talking-trash-about-junk-dna.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368705953421/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516120553-00052-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.945295 | 938 | 1.664063 | 2 |
Born in the Puervian highlands, Francisco Huaynate has always been exposed to the richness of textile arts. This village is known for the vividness of its tapestries, where scenes from highland Peru reveal themselves with subtlety...
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Francisco Huaynate Paucar
Born in the Puervian highlands, Francisco Huaynate has always been exposed to the richness of textile arts. This village is known for the vividness of its tapestries, where scenes from highland Peru reveal themselves with subtlety and warmth. Together with his wife Alejandra, Francisco has opened a small workshop where, with the help of their children, they produce stellar examples of the imaginative yet traditional art of the region.
"I've been dedicated to textile arts since my adolescence, although before I made this decision I was surrounded by tapestries as a native of the Peruvian highlands. My textile art recreates motifs from my own perspective and in them I express the culture of my country and village, reflecting the everyday customs and situations that reflect our feelings and beliefs. With my family, we constitute a workshop where my wife Alejandra helps with the designs and finishing touches; our children also help us. In our work we employ sheep's wool, cotton, synthetic threads and various dyes. As tools we use the loom, machine of artisanal weaving, teasel and shuttle. Before we begin weaving we make the design on paper.
"We are proud to be from Peru and to develop our art with modesty - to deliver to the public the result of a job done with love and dedication. We also do made-to-order pieces according to the design they give us. In each work I apply at least fifteen colors. With my wife we proposed a challenge to ourselves: to open up a path in textile art so as to have a business with our own designs. And after years we can say we've achieved this. We are jealous of our work, but when we see that somebody really wishes to learn we teach them." | <urn:uuid:ed875507-2c1a-476b-9e29-7f6877629354> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.novica.com/itemdetail/index.cfm?pid=178352 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368702810651/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516111330-00002-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.966504 | 423 | 1.5 | 2 |
Season of Memoirs
Rejoice. Suddenly three memoirs (Abdul Kalam’s Turning Points, Arjun Singh’s A Grain of Sand and Kuldip Nayar’s Beyond the Lines) are upon us. While journalists like Kuldip Nayar and Khushwant Singh provide the first rough draft of history, prime ministers and presidents in our otherwise argumentative republic shy away from performing this fundamental task. If I am not mistaken, Abdul Kalam is the first president to have written an autobiography. With prime ministers, after Nehru, I.K. Gujral is the only one to have put pen to paper. Why this reticence? In the US and UK, among the first things a departing president or prime minister does is get down to memoir writing. Not only do they earn huge sums of money, they also provide crucial material for historians, scholars and ordinary folk to help understand the past.
In India, a great lacuna exists. The players’ version is missing while the observers’ account (like Kuldip Nayar’s) is available. Thus, what is left behind is incomplete. The responsibility of those holding high public office is not just to do their job but also to record for posterity their years in power. Naturally, there will be competing versions. Happily, that only adds to the richness of material in the public domain.
On more than one occasion, I asked K.R. Narayanan whether he was going to write about his time in Rashtrapati Bhavan. He told me he had his notes ready. So, what held him back? He said if he wrote his memoirs, he would upset some people, and he did not wish to cause offence.
A criticism often levelled at us as a nation is that we have no sense of history, no perspective on the past. How can we? When the people who could help the writing of history remain silent.
Ravages of Time
What is it about Time magazine which makes us go weak in the knees? The extraordinary wall-to-wall coverage in the Indian media of what is seen as the definitive judgement on Manmohan Singh is decidedly over the top. Could it be that we are so much in awe of what foreigners think of us—especially if those foreigners happen to be American—that we automatically assume every word printed in the magazine about our PM is written on stone? I am an admirer of Time. How can I not be when Outlook has “slavishly” followed its formula? Neither do I have any quarrel with the thrust and tone of ‘The Underachiever’ narrative. I am just uncomfortable with the underlying assumption that once Time has spoken, all other voices are superfluous, if not irrelevant.
For at least half a year, we local hacks have offered various versions of the Underachiever theme. Many of us have been considerably harsher in our critique—not merely ‘The Underachiever’ but ‘The Failure’. So, the question to ask is: does the verdict only gather resonance and credibility if it is delivered by the inheritors of Henry R. Luce?
I am half-way through the publishing sensation of the year. It has outsold the Potter books, Da Vinci Code, John Grisham... critics, booksellers, trend-spotters and analysts cannot figure out why rookie author E.L. James’s Fifty Shades of Grey, or ‘Mommy Porn’ as it is being commonly labelled , is such a rage. When I went to Bahri’s at Khan Market, they had just two copies left. Mommy Porn is flying off the shelves, with women being the chief consumers.
It’s a silly novel. The carnal activity between the two protagonists, Christian Grey and Anastasia Steele, is detailed and graphic but well short of explicit. Therefore, it certainly is not selling due to its erotic content. Then why? Ironically, the book turns conventional wisdom—women want equality in bed or better still, want to be on top—on its head. Women, according to James, yearn to be at the bottom, preferably tied up in chains and occasionally flogged. The principal female character in the novel signs a contract drafted by the man in which the woman is referred to as the ‘Submissive’ and the man ‘Dominant’. The document says: “The fundamental terms of this contract is to allow the Submissive to explore her sensuality according to the commands of the Dominant.”
Fifty Shades of Grey is anti-feminist and anti-equality, wherein lies the source of its appeal. Mummies in their mid-30s and early 40s are by all accounts lapping up this reactionary piece of literature. Of course, I am reading it in the interests of professional duty!
The great Irish journalist, Claud Cockburn, won a prize when he submitted for the most boring newspaper headline of the year: ‘Small earthquake in Chile, not many dead’. My candidate for the same prize would be, ‘Paes and Bhupathi break up’. Their soap opera is well past its sell-by date.
An old school chum, now in Canada, rang to ask if I was the same Vinod Mehta who was such a dunce in class
Vinod Mehta is editorial chairman, Outlook, and its founding editor-in-chief; E-mail your diarist: vmehta AT outlookindia.com
In his Delhi Diary (Jul 23), Vinod Mehta bemoans the absence of Indian prime ministers and presidents writing their memoirs, thus enabling the public, and historians, to understand their time better. I think in the world’s largest democracy everyone seems to enjoy the right to free speech except PMs and presidents.
M.H. Rao, Hyderabad
Do we have politicians who’d write an honest autobiography? Would the Indian public accept the truth? In India, an honest biography, like Joseph Lelyveld’s book on Gandhi, would attract needless opprobrium, and mostly by fools who might not even read it.
Paddy Singh, Salisbury, UK
I recall the first president to write his autobiography was Rajendra Prasad. Written in Hindi, its name escapes my often failing memory (I am 99-plus).
Vishwanath Tandon, on e-mail
The memoirs we see in modern times are written to ring the cash registers. Or, they are written to vilify others or glorify themselves. P.V. Narasimha Rao also wrote an autobiography, layering it generously with fiction, and branded it as a novel.
B.V. Gopal Rao, Warangal
Looking at the sensation ‘mommy porn’ has created, it’s time someone created comix with Dominatrix and Submissivix!
Srinivas Shastri, Bangalore
Sorry .... meant "The Queen and her poodles" (his was a freudian slip on the keyboard:-)).
Kya boss ..... just saw the Outlook ad for the revenge of the "emerging" superpower .... Obama "The Underachiever". Next is what "The Queen and his poodles".
Do we really have any politicians who would wrtite an honest autography? Would the Indian public ( the literates apart ) accept the truth therein? An honest autobiography by Gandhi's friend has been banned - I refer to Joseph Lelyveld's book that was banned by the government, by 'holier than thou' idiots who never even read it. Why? Gandhi never claimed that he was the perfect man, nor did he call for worship becoming of a God. Secondly, if an autobiography was written, would it be an honest one? No. Autogbiographies and are more in part to justify something, not really the truth in India. If Sonia were to write one, what would she have to say about Quatrochi? Either nothing or claim he was hounded. And biographies? Again most of them are written by sychophants.
"An old school chum, now in Canada, rang to ask if I was the same Vinod Mehta who was such a dunce in class". What did you say,Mr.Mehta? LOL.
"Everybody's life story is most interesting provided it is told with sincerity", I think it is said by Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan..
But all those memoirs now we see in modern times are written to ring cash registers of the authors. If that were not the case, they are written to vilify others or to glorify themselves. P.V.Narasimha Rao also wrote his autobiography with layers of fiction and branding it himself as a novel , though making it obvious that it was his own story.
It is not our Indian tradition to write an epitaph on a tomb stone and also to write an autobiography narrating it with bunches of lies and making it very boring "fiction". A common mans' story when truthfully put down on paper would be as much interesting, readable and even influencing as much as any of sex deva, glamour star or politician’s life story.
TIME is under compulsion. Like a fox at boiling oil , American capitalists are waiting for India’s retail sector to open up to them. Since MM Singh is not dancing to their tune, TIME had to accomplish its job. That is it. Most seriously everything is business, journalism is not excluded and nobody expects journalism to exclude business.
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The Nevada team has created environmental stress sensors by using rd29A and DREB1C promoters to express red fluorescent protein and other bio-fluorescent markers. When induced by environmental stress, plants carrying these genes can easily be detected by the farmer walking through his field or by a plane flying over acres of farmland. Promoter elements are short and easy to work with. They also allow for modification and specialization. DREB1C and rd29A both have multiple binding motifs in their promoter regions allowing for variation in expression levels and the particular stresses that induce them. 35S is a constitutive promoter that can be valuable for control groups in stress and other plant response research.
Fluorescent Plant Image Taken From: http://www.edinformatics.com/inventions_inventors/genetic_engineering.htm | <urn:uuid:d43704a4-d1f5-4b5c-bedc-0271924e3c79> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://2010.igem.org/Team:Nevada/promoters | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368699273641/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516101433-00011-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.937213 | 172 | 3.546875 | 4 |
Plans to store the nation's high-level reactor waste in Utah are officially dead.
The consortium of utility companies behind the idea has asked the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission to scrap its license for a 100-acre parking lot for radioactive waste containers on the Skull Valley Goshute Reservation in Tooele County.
Private Fuel Storage "has notified us in writing it would like the license terminated," David McIntyre, an NRC spokesman, said Friday.
The request signals the end of a long, often bitter struggle that pitted the consortium and the Skull Valley Band of Goshutes against the Utah government and a majority of its citizens.
The idea gained momentum nationally as a solution for around 44,000 tons of high-level nuclear waste piled up at more than 100 U.S. reactor sites as the federal government failed to deliver on its promise to provide a permanent disposal site. The Goshutes were looking to the $3 billion project to solve economic development problems for the tiny, revenue-starved tribe.
Utahns of all political stripes and stations worked shoulder to shoulder to kill the project.
Sen. Orrin Hatch, one of the project's most energetic opponents, said Friday he is grateful PFS abandoned the plan once and for all and he credited the state's unified front against it.
"Storing this waste on the Goshute land so close to Utahns and the Utah Test and Training Range just didn't make sense," the Republican senator said, alluding to one of the state's strongest arguments against the site, which would have been a couple of miles from the area, about 45 miles from Salt Lake City, used for testing bombs and training fighter pilots.
Hatch and then-Sen. Bob Bennett attacked the plan by persuading some of the member companies to pull out of the consortium. They also voted to have the U.S. Energy Department proceed with the Yucca Mountain nuclear waste repository in Nevada so the waste wouldn't need temporary storage.
Attorneys for the tribe and its utility company partners did not respond Friday to phone calls seeking comment. Lee Bergen, the Albuquerque-based lawyer who represents the Skull Valley Band, said: "The tribe will issue a press release within the next few days."
Rep. Rob Bishop, R-Utah, sponsored successful legislation creating federally protected wilderness that blocked a rail spur needed to ship the waste from a rail line near Interstate 80 to the reservation.
Informed by a Tribune reporter Friday that the license was being dropped, Bishop called the news "an early Christmas present for the residents of Utah and the U.S. military."
"It was an ill-conceived location from the very start and [a] fatally flawed project from its inception," he said in a statement. "This wasn't a done deal until the termination of the license and I am pleased that we have been able to bring final resolution to a long-fought battle."
In 2006, a few months after the NRC approved the license, decisions by the U.S. Interior Department appeared to stop the project. The U.S. Bureau of Indian Affairs refused to sign off on the lease agreement between the Goshutes and PFS. And the U.S. Bureau of Land Management refused a right-of-way needed for offloading the waste and hauling it to the reservation.
An appeals court threw out the Interior Department rulings two years ago and gave the project a new chance at life.
Rep. Jim Matheson said he's been wary ever since. He noted that President Barack Obama's Blue Ribbon Commission on America's Nuclear Future recommended a year ago that an interim storage site should be built to consolidate the nation's waste while a permanent site is sought and built.
"There's only one place in America that's already licensed for that," the Utah Democrat noted. "As long as that [NRC] license was hanging out there, it was a concern to me." Gov. Gary Herbert in a statement Friday said, "I applaud this decision and remain committed to protecting the health and safety of the people of Utah."
Mary Allen, a former member of the tribe's executive committee noted that tribal members are circulating a petition to recall the current leaders and said she wasn't sure if the Goshutes are equipped now to deal with a project of this magnitude.
"I'm glad," she said of its demise. "We have concerns about our leadership."
Attorneys for the consortium notified the NRC on Dec. 13 that they would soon seek to have their license canceled, and they emailed the request Thursday, said McIntyre. The NRC office that issued the license, plus the agency's lawyers, still have to review and approve the termination.
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