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I know a guy who wants to change the term "video games" into "digital games." He persuasively argues that the "video," as in video screen, part of "video games" is not as important as the fact that the rules of such games are coded digitally. Now that video games are played with and without screens, on TVs, phones, computer monitors, and beyond perhaps it's time to modify the language that we use as well. Yes, language evolves naturally from small changes over time. But it also changes due to "explosive evolutionary" change, i.e. people speaking persuasively to the community. Maybe we have Moore's law to blame for how technology out paces our lexicon to describe it. Regardless, my point isn't to talk about assigning new terms. It's to identify a core language issue.
"Video game," is a term used to describe games and non-games. Instead of using interactive movie, or application, or software, or making up new terms to describe various non-game experiences, we tend to call anything that we can stick inside of our computers or consoles a game as long as it is minimally interactive. I'm not sure how many titles pushed the boundaries of what games are back in the NES days, but now we have games with hours and hours of cinematic cutscenes, games with endless interactive activities, and games with other features that complicate our understanding of what games are.
I have defended gameplay in depth in my series A Defense of Gameplay. In it I defined what a game is, which helped frame what gameplay is, which allowed me to explain the kinds of experiences and messages that can best be conveyed through gameplay. The article series also helped me outline what kinds of experiences and elements directly contrast with gameplay and what games are.
In A Defense of Gameplay I opened up with this bold statement, "modern gamers do not like gameplay." The statement was designed to get people thinking critically about what games are by presenting a seemingly absurd statement that gamers (people who play games) do not like playing games (gameplay). At the heart of my statement is the idea that gameplay is a part of all video game experiences. I also argued that gameplay is the most unique and most important part of video games.
"I used the word modern to indicate a current trend that's only growing stronger. When I say that such gamers don't like gameplay, I mean they don't like gameplay over other elements and features that are commonly found in video games like graphics, sound, story, and even interactivity. My argument deals with player preference; what it is, where it comes from, and what it means for the culture of gamers." ~from A Defense of Gameplay
At the time I thought I was writing about gamer preference, as if each gamer who didn't value gameplay primarily in their video game experiences had developed this preference after carefully weighing out their thoughts and opinions. I felt that I had to make a defense of gameplay to show that there's a lot to value in gameplay experiences too. Now, I'm convinced that the growing trend of gamers who don't like gameplay isn't the result of personal introspection. These "modern" gamers who don't value, critique, share, and talk about their gameplay experiences haven't created a detailed list of pros and cons to determine that gameplay fails to measure up. Now I believe that gameplay is invisible to these gamers. And in general, people don't value, critique, share, or talk about things that they can't perceive, experience, or feel. This simple idea helps me explain many of the trends and behaviors I've noticed in the gaming culture over the last 10 years.
Doesn't it seem odd that gameplay, the primary and most unique experience in games, is practically invisible to gamers? How can it be that after years of participation and dedication that so many gamers are blind to gameplay, how it works, and why it's a meaningful experience with profound artistic value? Surely, after this much time we, as a whole, should have picked up on a few things here and there to give us some nearsightedness into the art of game design. After all, haven't we done this with other mediums? Perhaps. I'm sure we have made slow progress developing and picking up the language to discuss movies, for example. And as movie reviewers and critics push the upper limits of the discourse, their efforts trickle down to everyone else so that the whole culture benefits. But, are games inherently different than other mediums?
Due to the power of video games to house many different types of artistic media, video games can create a broad range of experiences. This inherent complexity comes with some potential drawbacks that other mediums may not have. What if video games are actually multiple types of products that appeal to a much broader range of tastes? What if the common ways we understand, experience, and enjoy video games are at odds with each other?
Now to set the metaphor. If the gaming industry is a world filled with people who struggle to experience, express, create, and sell video games. And the console war consist of battles and alliances among some of the industry's biggest nations. Then the issue I address in this series is analogous to global climate change, where the seemingly minor decisions we make today push us all in a direction that we may not want to go. The very landscape of the gaming industry can change drastically if we don't realize what's important and how to preserve it as we wage war.
For the remainder of this article series we'll zoom out to gain a broader perspective on video games. By looking at games as art, technology, and as a business individually, we can identify conflicting ideals to better understand our current industry. | <urn:uuid:3eea73bd-b8cc-4bd9-8c96-7baab5cb8af2> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://critical-gaming.com/blog/2012/12/18/the-verdict-on-video-games-pt1.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368702810651/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516111330-00059-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.972201 | 1,170 | 2.25 | 2 |
Toray, a leading carbon fiber manufacturer, said Wednesday that it has signed a joint development agreement with Daimler to produce automobile parts made of carbon fiber reinforced plastics.
The German automaker would like to begin using the carbon-fiber parts in its Mercedes-Benz cars within the next three years.
Toray is developing technology to make the design and molding process for constructing carbon-fiber composite auto parts scalable for mass production. Daimler has been developing how those parts will be joined and installed, according to Toray.
"By bringing together respective technologies, the companies plan to develop a molding method with significantly … Read more
Currently, radiologists measure the sizes of potentially cancerous lung nodules by measuring their largest widths using a two-dimensional computer screen. (The method widely used to do this is called RECIST.) Now, researchers are investigating volumetrics, by which they can measure nodules in 3D.
You say you've tried every diet fad but still can't lose the flab. Maybe your will is as soft as your one-pack. Perhaps only the merciless resolve of an inhuman coach can whip you into shape.
Lucky for you, a Hong Kong-based start-up is preparing to release Autom, a robot diet mentor with a deceptively pleasant demeanor.
Users can talk with the 15-inch-tall Autom and, by using its LCD touch screen, indicate what they've had to eat and how long they've exercised on a given day. The machine, which is linked to the Internet, is designed … Read more
Agrawal has achievements in several areas. He started out in the corporate world working for big names like Hughes, ITT, GTE, General Dynamics, and Vecna Technologies bringing patented technologies to market. During his corporate stint, he patented a single-bit voice-processing technology that enabled voice over satellite, and a "self-healing" modem. He was also the associate editor of IEEE … Read more
It's robots to the rescue in the Gulf of Mexico--or at least that's what British oil giant BP hopes following a disastrous explosion and oil spill at the Transocean Deepwater Horizon oil rig, 130 miles southeast of New Orleans.
Officials have deployed robotic submarines in an effort to contain the spill, which has grown to cover an area measuring some 1,900 square miles. BP quoted National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration experts as saying the spill is "very thin" and on the surface of the ocean.
The agencies have deployed four remotely operated vehicles (ROVs) to the wellhead about 5,000 feet below the ocean surface.
They are monitoring the leak, which was discovered Saturday, as well as trying to activate the blowout preventer, a 50-foot-tall, 450-ton mass of valves that can cap the wellhead and stop the oil flow.
The ROVs--which include machines such as the Millennium by oilfield engineering company Oceaneering--have apparently been on the job for several days, but without success. While ROVs have been used by the oil and gas industry for more than 30 years, this particular mission is highly complex due to the great depth of the wellhead, as well as the first of its kind.
"If you can visualize it, it's like robotic arms doing something outside the space station," BP spokesman Ron Rybarczyk was quoted by The Guardian as saying. "It is operating something with a mechanical claw on it that grasps things and turns things and adjusts equipment way down at the floor of the ocean." … Read more
I know many of you cannot wait for the day when we encounter little green people over a beer, or perhaps even turn into them.
However, one of the world's most celebrated scientific brains, Stephen Hawking, wonders whether aliens and humans really can co-exist.
According to the Times of London, Hawking has made a new documentary, "Stephen Hawking's Universe," for the Discovery Channel, which is scheduled to be broadcast in May. In this film, which took three years to make, Hawking offers his view of what really might be out there.
With the launch Thursday of the X-37B spacecraft aboard an Atlas V rocket, the U.S. Air Force is taking a page from NASA's space shuttle program.
Looking somewhat like a traditional shuttle but at roughly one-quarter the size, the unmanned X-37B Orbital Test Vehicle took off for its maiden space voyage from Cape Canaveral in Florida and reached a low earth orbit late in the day. The X-37B is intended to serve as a platform for experiments and to offer insights on transporting satellite sensors and other equipment to and from space.
The first particle has been detected in a Large Hadron Collider experiment that hopes to shed light on the nature of interactions between matter and antimatter.
LHCb--an experiment set up to explore what happened in the moments immediately after the Big Bang--on Wednesday found a particle called a beauty or bottom quark. CERN scientists have a wish list of particles they want to measure in the experiment, and the beauty quark is the first on the list that they have found.
The detection is a step on the road to the possible discovery of new particles or interactions between particles, … Read more
Specifically, In-Q-Tel, the CIA-based organization that invests in technology companies, has funded the Mountain View, Calif.-based start-up, said LensVector Chief Executive Derek Proudian. In addition, LensVector also is being paid to develop specific products through the deal with IQT.
Proudian declined to reveal exactly how much money is involved in the new investment and development contract. However, he did … Read more
If you were hoping that the right software could make you smarter, you may be out of luck.
Brain training software, such as Nintendo's Brain Age, are often touted as a way to improve your smarts. But 11,430 people who played such games for several weeks didn't seem to be any brighter at the end, according to the results of a study conducted by the BBC and released Tuesday.
The investigation launched by the BBC last September challenged viewers of the BBC One science TV show "Bang Goes the Theory" to use a series of … Read more | <urn:uuid:ee2c89e8-c870-4604-a990-a41a91ecf993> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://news.cnet.com/8300-11386_3-76-243.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368707435344/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516123035-00012-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.969081 | 1,297 | 1.945313 | 2 |
I have always been fascinated with the potential occurences of Dec 21st, 2010. I have been putting together a list of sources relating to 2012 and
thought I would share them to provoke a more serious discussion.
This essay was created to explain the reasoning and calculatory process of the Short Count and Long Count systems created and used by the Mayans that
ultimatel determined the 2012 date. Very interesting and informative read.
This is an interesting link with many links leading out from its pages.
It discusses everything from UFO's to more scientific data.
In 2012 the plane of our Solar System will line up exactly with the plane of our Galaxy, the Milky Way. This cycle has taken 26,000 years to complete.
Virgil Armstrong also says that two other galaxies will line up with ours at the same time. A cosmic event!
What could be the resulting side effects to this occurance?
This site has a hundred links to all things related to 2012.
So the common ideas are:
The world is speeding up in time and our frequencies are increasing which will result in us moving higher in the spiritual ladder.
A meteor is coming to take us all out.
Alien beings who were potentially our creators are coming back to show us whose boss.
Am I missing anything? | <urn:uuid:57f38b7f-0595-43c1-8112-f4da0f285208> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.abovetopsecret.com/forum/thread292349/pg1 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368698924319/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516100844-00020-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.956726 | 267 | 1.632813 | 2 |
Thomas Nevison Simpson was born in London on 18 March 1909. When he was 15, he arrived in
Adelaide with the last group of boys under the Barwell Scheme of South Australia. In 1928
he took the local preachers' examination and became a member of the Methodist Church. In
1936, he completed studies at Wesley College in Adelaide and at the University of Sydney.
In August 1936, he was sent to the Methodist Mission in Rabaul, New Britain, and then to
the Mission at Kavieng in New Ireland where he was Assistant Minister. In December 1936,
Simpson was sent as the first Methodist Missionary to New Hanover where he was stationed
Material may not be reproduced in published form without the written permission of Mrs.
Margaret L. Henderson, 11 Fourth Road, Belair, SA, 5052, Australia. | <urn:uuid:7b5e8a96-3386-4ce9-aae0-6c72a1a651b1> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/tf7779p1ww/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368698924319/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516100844-00074-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.975736 | 177 | 1.960938 | 2 |
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Most Active Stories
- Budget deficit forcing school officials to close Albion High School
- The top 10 high schools in Michigan (according to two magazines)
- You have to see this stunning video of Michigan's Northern Lights
- Are people in Ironwood really afraid of wolves? (part 2)
- The 15 Michigan schools running the biggest deficits
Tue May 3, 2011
It's not so easy to get rid of that potato fork
Have you ever seen those plastic forks or spoons made from corn or potatoes? It’s a big trend right now.
They’re compostable. So in theory... this tableware breaks down into a dark, rich material that’s really good for gardening.
So you get the convenience of disposable plastic... without adding to the big pile of plastic trash.
But here’s where things get tricky.
Liz Shoch is with the Sustainable Packaging Coalition. She's working with companies to rethink the way they package their products.
“One of the things we say a lot currently is there is no sustainable package and that goes for compostable packaging too. There’s always tradeoffs.”
She says compostable packaging can be a good way to divert waste from the landfill. But it won’t break down in your backyard compost pile for a long time. So you have to find a special place that’ll take it.
And she says don’t think about putting compostable tableware in your recycling bin. Even the smallest bit of compostable packaging can mess up a whole batch of recyclable plastic and make it unusable.
So you might think – why not just throw it away?
“What happens in the landfill is most of what goes in there does not break down. However, some organic matter does break down, the problem with that is it’s usually breaking down without oxygen present, it creates carbon dioxide and methane, an extremely potent greenhouse gas.”
So what do you do with it? There are not a lot of places that take compostable packaging yet... but one Michigan farm does.
Tuthill Farms is in South Lyon. Sandra Tuthill and her husband Jim have 30,000 cubic yards of compost.
On the day I visited, the farm had just gotten a truckload of coffee cups, utensils and bags... all made from corn.
Sandra Tuthill says it’s about 165 degrees in the middle of the compost piles.
“Which is roughly the same temperature as a crock pot. Which is kinda interesting, so if you think about it, we have big crock pots out here, simmering all this stuff down.”
The Tuthills mix and turn the compost piles through the winter. Then in the spring, they sell the compost.
Sandra Tuthill says they’d love to take more compostable packaging – but they can’t take it from just anybody. That’s because they have to make sure there’s no trash along with the compostable material.
“The contamination is the biggest issue. We just can’t handle any trash. We want just the food waste or the compostable tableware.”
So you have to work pretty hard to find a good resting place for your potato fork.
Some experts say there’s not a lot of benefit to buying compostable tableware if it ends up in the landfill. They’re hoping to see more businesses take advantage of what these utensils are designed for: turning them into usable compost. | <urn:uuid:330927f1-fcf2-42b7-a90b-6832735496fc> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.michiganradio.org/post/its-not-so-easy-get-rid-potato-fork | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368696382584/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516092622-00071-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.926251 | 760 | 2.765625 | 3 |
Department of Education (DepEd) has come out with the implementing guidelines on the grant of a three-step salary increase for teachers of science and/or mathematics in public schools to further improve their teaching of these major subjects.
The Department of Budget and Management has earlier issued a circular pursuant to Joint Resolution No. 4 of the Senate and House of Representatives, which states that teachers with specialization in science and/or mathematics shall be given additional pay three steps higher than his/her assigned grade.
National Budget Circular No. 531, series of 2011, states that the grant of a three-step salary increase serves as an incentive for teachers to specialize in science and/or mathematics in line with the thrust of giving focus to teaching these subjects as early as in basic education.
“Science and mathematics are critical tools of industrialization, which we surely need to improve our global competitiveness,” Education Secretary Bro. Armin A. Luistro, FSC, said.
The guideline covers incumbent math and science teachers in Teacher I, II, and III positions in public elementary and secondary schools. The initial grant of step increment started in January 2011, and the succeeding grants are made operative every January of the year.
A one-time three-step salary increment shall be granted to a teacher who meets the criteria on educational attainment, teaching load, performance rating, teaching experience, and related training.
Based on DepEd Order No. 79, series of 2002, the school head shall determine qualified teachers based on the review of submitted documents, which are approved appointment, transcript of records, certificates of training completed in science and math, individual teacher’s program indicating daily subject load for the last three school years, performance rating for the last three years, and updated service records.
The Order also stipulated that for a teacher to be qualified to the step increment, he/she must have been teaching science and/or math continuously for the last three years. (Source: www.gov.ph)
Incoming search terms:
- 2013 salary increase for deped employees
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- Is there increased in the salary of teachers this 2013 here deped phils?
- grant for step increment for science and math
- deped order for salary increase for teachers | <urn:uuid:fa7c79f3-1383-4aa4-b67a-8fd90e84aefa> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://infolikes.com/education/deped-3-step-salary-increase-for-math-science-teachers/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368705559639/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516115919-00070-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.94883 | 513 | 2.234375 | 2 |
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Re: companies like microsoft and telia...
- From: Fearghas McKay
- Date: Thu Jun 26 13:20:47 2003
At 7:59 -0700 26/6/03, Kevin Oberman wrote:
>This is true in the US (except, possibly, in Louisiana) where British
>common law is the basis of the system. Louisiana law is based on the
>Napoleonic Code and is supposed to be very different, but I can't say
>for sure. I assume that the UK has similar common law since ours come
UK law is not a single homogenous entity. There is English common law which
is what you are referring to as British common law, Scotland has its own
seperate legal system that is based on Roman law.
There is no UK common law just English common law. | <urn:uuid:53d1da0a-b1e0-4ef8-9a5a-652201bd7e4d> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.merit.edu/mail.archives/nanog/2003-06/msg00575.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368706890813/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516122130-00065-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.958636 | 205 | 1.664063 | 2 |
What is sex selection?:
Sex selection is the ability to choose a girl or a boy before you get pregnant by using some method to assist you in changing the odds towards the sex you select. Depending on the method of selection you choose, the ability to have that girl or boy of your dreams is nearly 100%.
The MicroSort® process sorts sperm by male and female by a process that measures differences in the DNA. Then using an intrauterine insemination (IUI) or in vitro fertilization (IVF) the enriched sample of sperm is used to help you conceive. About 92% of those attempting for a girl do conceive a girl, while the success rates for sex selection and boys using MicroSort® is lower at 81%.
The pregnancy rate for using an IUI cycle is 15.6% and the overall IVF/ICSI clinical pregnancy rate is 32%.
Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis (PGD):
This is the most effective technique in sex selection. With nearly 100% accuracy and the ability to select not only sex but a healthy embryo makes it very popular. Though this is a costly and intensive method of sex selection that uses in vitro fertilization and does biopsies on the embryos before they are returned to the uterus.
The Shettles Method is based on the fact that male and female sperm travel and survive in the reproductive tract for varying amounts of time. So you time intercourse about 12 hours prior to ovulation for a boy and several days before ovulation for a girl. This is a very simplified explanation of Shettles.
Ericsson Albumin Method:
With Ericsson, the sperm is filtered through albumin and then an intrauterine insemination (IUI)
is done with the sample. While the sample doesn't provide you with more of one particular sex, like a MicroSort® sample, it does help select the sex of the baby. For a girl, Clomid® is used since it has been shown to increase the number of girls.
There are other methods of sex selection, including prepregnancy diets to alter the pH balance of your body, timing methods that differ from the Shettles Method
, supplements, and positioning. These low tech methods are not as accurate as MicroSort®
and PGD and are sometimes dangerous.
Finding Out if it Worked:
There are four basic ways to find out if it worked:
Each of these has their own risks and benefits. Some are even more accurate than others. They also vary as to at what point in or before pregnancy they can be done. | <urn:uuid:5c054a09-67db-40f8-85fa-c03aa5cfa062> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://pregnancy.about.com/od/boyorgirl/p/girlorboy.htm?ref=thecradle | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368699881956/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516102441-00035-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.942485 | 531 | 2.984375 | 3 |
The family had inherited from the brothers Packet the fief of Tirechappe, which was held of the Bishop of Paris, and the twenty-one houses of which had, since the thirteenth century, been the object of countless litigations in the Ecclesiastical Court. As owner of this fief, Claude Follow was one of the seven times twenty-one seigneurs claiming manorial dues in Paris and its suburbs; and in that capacity his name was long to be seen inscribed between the Hôtel de Tancarville, belonging to Maître François le Rez, and the College of Tours, in the cartulary deposited at Saint-Martin des Champs.
From his childhood Claude Follow had been destined by his parents for the priesthood. He had been taught to read in Latin; he had early been trained to keep his eyes down-cast, and to speak in subdued tones. While still quite a child his father had bound him to the monastic seclusion of the Collége de Torchi in the University, and there he had grown up over the missal and the lexicon.
He was, however, by nature a melancholy, reserved, serious boy, studying with ardour and learning easily. He never shouted in the recreation hour; he mixed but little in the bacchanalia of the Rue du Fouarre; did not know what it was to dare alapas et capillos laniare,1 and had taken no part in that Students riot of 1463, which the chroniclers gravely record as The Sixth Disturbance in the University. It rarely happened that he jibed at the poor scholars of Montaigu for their cappettes, from which they derived their nickname, or the exhibitioners of the Collége de Dormans for their smooth tonsure and their tricoloured surcoats of dark blue, light blue and violet clothazurini coloris et bruni, as the charter of the Cardinal des Quatre-Couronnes puts it.
On the other hand, he was assiduous in his attendance at the higher and lower schools of the Rue Saint-Jean de Beauvais. The first scholar whom the Abbé de Saint-Pierre de Val caught sight of, established against a pillar in the Ecole Saint-Vendregesile, exactly opposite to his desk when he began his lecture on Canon Law, was invariably Claude Follow, armed with his inkhorn, chewing his pen, scribbling on his threadbare knees, or, in winter, blowing on his fingers. The first pupil Messier Miles dIsliers, doctor of ecclesiastical law, saw arrive breathless every Monday morning as the door of the Chef-Saint-Denis schools opened, was Claude Follow. Consequently, by the time he was sixteen, the young cleric was a match in mystical theology for a Father of the Church, and in scholastic theology for a Doctor of the Sorbonne.
From the Magister Sententiarum he had fallen upon the Capitularies of Charlemagne, and in his insatiable hunger for knowledge had devoured decretal after decretal: those of Theodore, Bishop of Hispalis, those of Bouchard, Bishop of Worms, those of Yves, Bishop of Chartres; then the decretal of Gratian, which came after Charlemagnes Capitularies; then the collection of Gregory IX; then the epistle Super specula of Honorius III. He thoroughly investigated and made himself familiar with that vast and stormy period of bitter and protracted struggle between Civil and Ecclesiastical Law during the chaos of the Middle Ages, a period which Bishop Theodore began in 618, and Pope Gregory closed in 1227.
The decretals assimilated, he turned his attention to medicine and the liberal arts; studied the science of herbs and of slaves; became an expert in the treatment of fevers and contusions, of wounds and of abscesses. Jacques dEspars would have passed him as physician; Richard Hellain, as surgeon. He ran through the degrees of Licentiate, Master, and Doctor of Arts; he studied languages: Latin, Greek, and Hebrewa thrice inner sanctuary of learning seldom penetrated at that time. He was possessed by a veritable rage for acquiring and storing up knowledge. At eighteen, he had made his way through the four faculties. Life for this young man seemed to have but one aim and objectknowledge.
It was just about this time that the excessive heat of the summer of 1466 caused the outbreak of that great pestilence which carried off more than forty thousand people in the jurisdiction of Paris, among others, says Jean de Troyes, Maître Arnoul, the Kings astrologer, a right honest man, both wise and merry withal. The rumour spread through the University that the Rue Tirechappe had been specially devastated by the malady. It was here, in the middle of their fief, that Claudes parents dwelt. Much alarmed, the young student hastened forthwith to his fathers house, only to find that both father and mother had died the previous day. An infant brother, in swaddling-clothes, was still alive and lay wailing and abandoned in the cradle. This was all that remained to Claude of his family. The young man took the child in his arms and went thoughtfully away. Hitherto he had lived only in the world of Learning; now he was to begin living in the world of Life.
This catastrophe was a turning point in Claude Frollos existence. An orphan, an elder brother, and the head of his house at nineteen, he felt himself rudely recalled from the reveries of the school to the realities of the world. It was then that, moved with pity, he was seized with a passionate devotion for this infant brother. How strange and sweet a thing this human affection to him, who had never yet loved aught but books!
This affection waxed strong to a singular degree; in a soul so new to passion, it was like a first love. Separated since his childhood from his parents whom he had scarcely known; cloistered and immured, as it were, in his books, eager before all things to study, to learn; attentive hitherto only to his intellect which expanded in science, to his imagination which grew with his literary studies, the poor scholar had not yet had time to feel that he had a heart. This young brother, without mother or father, this helpless babe, suddenly fallen from the skies into his arms, made a new man of him. He perceived for the first time that there were other things in the world besides the speculations of the Sorbonne and the verses of Homer; that Man has need of the affections; that life without tenderness and without love is a piece of heartless mechanism, insensate, noisy, wearisome. Only, he imagined, being as yet at the age when one illusion is replaced merely by another illusion, that the affections of blood and kindred were the only ones necessary, and the love for a little brother was sufficient to fill his whole existence.
He threw himself, therefore, into the love of his little Jehan with all the passion of a character already profound, ardent, and concentrated. The thought of this poor, pretty, rosy, golden-haired creature, this orphan with another orphan for its sole support, moved him to the hearts core, and like the earnest thinker that he was, he began to reflect upon Jehan with a sense of infinite compassion. He lavished all his solicitude upon him as upon something very fragile, very specially recommended to his care. He became more than a brother to the babe: he became a mother.
Little Jehan having still been at the breast when he lost his mother, Claude put him out at nurse. Besides the fief of Tirechappe, he inherited from his father that of Moulin, which was held of the square tower of Gentilly. It was a mill standing upon rising ground, near the Castle of Winchestre, the present Bicêtre. The millers wife was suckling a fine boy at the time; the mill was not far from the University, and Claude carried his little Jehan to her himself.
Thenceforward, feeling he had a heavy responsibility on his shoulders, he took life very seriously. The thought of his little brother not only became his recreation from study, but the chief object of those studies. He resolved to devote himself wholly to the future of that being for whom he was answerable before God, and never to have any other spouse, any other child than the happiness and welfare of his little brother.
He bound himself, therefore, still more closely to his clerical vocation. His personal merits, his learning, his position as an immediate vassal of the Bishop of Paris, opened wide to him the doors of the Church. At twenty, by special dispensation from the Holy See, he was ordained priest, and as the youngest of the chaplains of Notre Dame, performed the service at the altar called, from the late hour at which the mass was celebrated there, altare pigrorumthe sluggards altar.
After this, and because he was more than ever immersed in his beloved books, which he only left to hasten for an hour to the mill, this union of wisdom and austerity, so rare at his age, had speedily gained him the respect and admiration of the cloister. From the cloister his fame for erudition had spread to the people, by whom, as frequently happened in those days, it had been converted in some sort into a reputation for necromancy.
It was just as he was returning on Quasimodo-Sunday from celebrating mass for the sluggards at their altarwhich was beside the door in the choir leading into the nave, on the right, near the image of the Virginthat his attention had been arrested by the group of old women chattering round the foundling.
He accordingly drew nearer to the poor little creature, the object of so much abhorrence and ill-will. The sight of its distress, its deformity, its abandonment, the remembrance of his young brother, the horror that suddenly assailed him at the thought that if he were to die his beloved little Jehan might thus be miserably exposed upon the self-same bedall this rushed into his mind at once, and, moved by an impulse of profound compassion, he had carried away the child.
When he took the child out of the sack, he found it was indeed ill-favoured. The poor little wretch had a great wart over the left eye, its head was sunk between its shoulders, the spine arched, the breastbone protruding, the legs bowed. Yet he seemed lively enough; and although it was impossible to make out the language of his uncouth stammerings, his voice evidenced a fair degree of health and strength. Claudes compassion was increased by this ugliness, and he vowed in his heart to bring up this child for love of his brother; so that, whatever in the future might be the faults of little Jehan, this good deed, performed in his stead, might be accounted to him for righteousness. It was a sort of investment in charity effected in his brothers name, a stock of good work laid up for him in advance, on which the little rogue might fall back if some day he found himself short of that peculiar form of small changethe only kind accepted at the Gate of Heaven.
He christened his adopted child by the name of Quasimodo, either to commemorate thereby the day on which he found him, or to indicate by that name how incomplete and indefinite of shape the unfortunate little creature was. And, in truth, one-eyed, humpbacked, bow-legged, poor Quasimodo could hardly be accounted more than quasi human. | <urn:uuid:2dcb53c9-009d-4b59-93c9-6fa129252eea> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://bartleby.com/312/0402.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368702448584/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516110728-00038-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.988756 | 2,477 | 2.28125 | 2 |
[jahsonic.com] - [Next >>]
Related: collage - cut and paste - cut up - edit - film edit - mix - montage
"Walter Benjamin, writing in the 1920's and 30's, used the Paris Arcades, as the focal point of a study of 19th century Paris. He constructed The Arcades Project by mixing many citations of other authors with his own comments, generating understanding as much by the content of a particular bit as its juxtaposition with other texts. For example, advertising copy might appear right before a citation from Frederick Engels. The quotes functioned as a bit of newspaper collaged onto a painting to provide concrete evidence from the past. Benjamin used montage and fragmentation as a new way to understand and write history. " --e-Arcades by Robin Michals via http://molodiez.org/dms420/samples.htm [Feb 2005]
Generally, juxtaposition, or contrasting is an act or instance of placing two things close together or side by side, in order to show unlikeness or differences, to note the opposite qualities of the two, etc.
In music it is an abrupt change of elements.
In film the position of shots next to one another is intended to create meaning within the audiences mind.
In literature it occurs when two images that are otherwise not commonly brought together appear side by side or structural close together - thereby creating the reader to stop and reconsider the meaning of the text through the contrasting images/ideas/motifs.
Modernist poetry played extensivley with juxtaposing images, inserting unrelated fragments together in order to create wonder and interest in readers. --http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juxtaposition [Feb 2004]
your Amazon recommendations - Jahsonic - early adopter products | <urn:uuid:a60e9da4-edb9-4a82-b26b-ab3d393cb906> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.jahsonic.com/Juxtaposition.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368701852492/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516105732-00027-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.909742 | 375 | 2.921875 | 3 |
My understanding was that this was a reference to “poor people,” or at least people who lacked a certain type of “legging” called a culotte. Does this mean that they were “dirt poor,” or only of “below average” wealth in French society? And when did they play a role in history?
The bottom line, so to speak, is that the phrase sans-culottes was coined during the most radical period of the French Revolution to designate people of the lower classes who did not wear the culotte.
The culotte was an elegant pair of knee-breeches typically worn by members of the gentry and the bourgeoisie alike.
For mere practical reasons the working class favoured the more robust long trousers called "pantalon" (named after a greedy, gullible and libidinous Venetian character of the Comedia dell'Arte). Knee-breeches would not cover the lower leg which would thus be encased into silky stockings. No need to say that such delicate garment could not have sustained the daily activities of the "working class" for whom they were unaffordable anyway.
Although the expression sans-culotte is attested prior to the Revolution it really appears to have gained momentum in the early 1790s.
In early 1792, after a few months of existence, it became evident that the Revolution had been confiscated by an elite made of an alliance of progressive aristocrats, wealthy bourgeois and members of clergy. This state of affairs was seen as an opportunity by the more radical elements who stirred up the turbulent parisian crowd to their advantage. The sans-culottes was an iconic figure of this faction because their costume would stand in stark contrast with that of a bourgeoisie aping the aristocracy. Anyone wearing a culotte was a réactionnaire (a counter-revolutionary) and anyone who wasn't was instead a true revolutionary.
This is the official etymology. The Littré however, reports an interesting anecdote possibly seizing the very instant when the phrase was coined. FWIW of course.
SANS-CULOTTE. ÉTYM. L'origine du nom de sans-culotte paraît être différente de celle qui est indiquée dans l'article. Un jour que les femmes qui occupaient les tribunes de la Constituante étaient encore plus bruyantes que de coutume, l'abbé Maury dit au président : Monsieur le président, faites taire ce tas de sans-culottes. De là le nom de sans-culotte adopté par les patriotes d'alors. BOURLOTON et ROBERT, la Commune, Paris, 1872, p. 169.
Translation for NNS:
The origin of the phrase sans-culotte appears to be different from what is indicated in the [main] article. One day, as the women occupying the higher stands of the Constituent [Assembly] were even more noisy as usual, Cardinal Maury addressed the Speaker: Mister Speaker, could you please silence this throng of "sans-culottes". From thence the name of sans-culotte was adopted by the patriots.
According to Wikipédia:fr it did refer to manual workers, who first wore pantalons (trousers) instead of culottes (breeches). It had no direct links to wealth, since even some upper-class craftsmen wore pantalons.
Historically, the name sans-culotte refers to some zealots of the French first revolution, who were indeed manual workers. | <urn:uuid:e64fe98d-05dd-476d-9f45-176e9a247d55> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://french.stackexchange.com/questions/241/who-exactly-were-the-sans-culottes | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368699273641/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516101433-00055-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.929396 | 778 | 2.53125 | 3 |
The captioning technology will be rolled out later this week and gradually expanded, Google says.
In a boon for the hearing-impaired as well as non-English speakers, Google has announced it will soon plug in new technology that automatically adds text captions to many videos on its YouTube site. It will allow videos to be searched through text, rather than keywords.
The New York Times:
In the first major step toward making millions of videos on YouTube accessible to deaf and hearing-impaired people, Google unveiled new technologies on Thursday that will automatically bring text captions to many videos on the site.
The technology will also open YouTube videos to a wider foreign market and make them more searchable, which will make it easier for Google to profit from them.
While the technology can insert captions only on English-language speech, Google is giving users the choice of using its automatic translation system to read the captions in 51 languages. That could broaden the appeal of YouTube videos to millions of other people who do not speak English but could use the captioning technology to read subtitles in their native language. | <urn:uuid:3604f7ca-aad3-472a-a1ef-0bb4f5360599> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.truthdig.com/eartotheground/item/reading_on_youtube_20091120/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368696382584/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516092622-00054-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.924742 | 226 | 2.1875 | 2 |
(c) Pocumtuck Valley Memorial Association, Deerfield MA. All rights reserved. Contact us for information about using this image.
Tom Ashley had been with the Marines in France for about a month when this letter was written. He has not yet been in battle, but notes that the whole company is "fired up fine." He assures his mother that he has plenty to eat in the village where they are staying with French families, but notes that indoor plumbing is nonexistent and that all the washing is done in the river. American newspapers are their source of information about the war and the scores of baseball games. Thomas Williams Ashley was killed in June of 1918. | <urn:uuid:79dfeb76-fe27-458a-ab6a-c3db0491991c> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.americancenturies.mass.edu/collection/itempage.jsp?itemid=15405 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368696382584/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516092622-00000-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.982839 | 134 | 2.03125 | 2 |
Violet jelly has to be the easiest jelly I've ever made: the hardest part, to be honest, is leaning down and picking the delicate flowers. After a good forty-five minutes of picking (myself, our youngest boy and his friend––ok, I paid them!)––and lots of me saying "OH, look at the Jack-in-the-Pulpit! The trillium!" (a new cache we discovered up the road from our farm) or the kids showing me great new finds like clusters of small yellow violets––we, miraculously it seemed, had 2 heaping cups of violet blossoms (the recipe for jelly called for four cups of violets, but more about that in a moment).
|The purple Sweet Violet (violet odorata) is what you want for jelly.|
[In the Language of Flowers, the blue violet is a symbol for faithfulness.]
I first started using violets (and Johnny-Jump Ups, which seemed to grow all over the lawns in our part of New Hampshire) in crystallized form or to decorate small cakes at the tea room I used to operate at Barrett House in New Ipswich, New Hampshire (many moons ago). They have a very delicate, subtly sweet flavor and are perfect for dainty desserts (as long as they are not sprayed), or just thrown into a salad. You can even make them into vinegar and sherbet.
As there are many varieties of violets in Kentucky that grow on roadsides and at the edges of fields before the grasses come in, and early in the spring, I wanted to find ways to "put them up," particularly the prolific sweet purple violet. [There are other more scarce varieties that grow in the woodlands.] I was not disappointed. There are violet recipes galore on the Internet and in several of the cookbooks that I, um, "collect." NOTE ~ You will want to pick in an area that is not sprayed, or, at least, has not been sprayed since the summer prior. As they are the first flowers on the roadside, you should be fine as long as you choose a less-traveled road, or better yet, your own yard or farm lane!
- 2 cups violets (see below)
- juice of 1 lemon
- 4 cups sugar
- 1 packet of Sure-Gel
Yield - 4-5 half-pint jars of jelly
Here is the specific recipe I borrowed from to make this.
NOTE ~ I used two cups of violets and doubled the recipe everywhere else so I was technically using half the amount of violets and got double the amount of jelly. However, I believe I got the same intended effect. Using four cups of violets probably just intensifies the flavor a bit more. I'll let you know next year!
|Add the lemon juice and watch the pale violet color transform before your eyes.|
|Pour the violet and lemon juice mixture into a non-reactive pan.|
Mix in the powdered pectin.
|Add sugar and stir until boiling. Then boil again, hard, for one minute.|
|Pour into half-pint glasses that have been sterilized. Boil for 10 minutes.|
[I use a simple hot water bath in a favorite old vegetable steamer for quick batches.]
And now I can't wait for rose season to make rose jelly and other herbal delights using the same infusion process.
You come back when you're ready! | <urn:uuid:b9685593-8709-4162-a8d7-b0bf2407a19a> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://farmwifeatmidlife.blogspot.com/2012/04/violet-jelly-first-canning-of-year.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368705195219/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516115315-00011-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.949324 | 735 | 1.695313 | 2 |
The prospective study followed more than 65,000 European women for over 14 years, tracking their consumption of sugar-sweetened and artificially-sweetened (or sugar free) sodas and juices.
Published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, the research finds that a higher than average intake of both sugar-sweetened and sugar free sodas is linked to an increased incidence of type 2 diabetes.
However, rather surprisingly, the authors also found that those consuming diet soda had an even higher incidence than those drinking ‘regular’ sugar sweetened soda.
Led by Françoise Clavel-Chapelon from France's National Institute of Health and Medical Research, the research team said they cannot currently rule out the possibility that factors other than artificially sweetened beverages consumption, “that we did not control for” are responsible for the association with diabetes.
“Randomized trials are required to prove a causal link between artificially sweetened beverages consumption and type 2 diabetes,” they said.
The research tracked 66,118 women for more than 14 years, assessing their beverage habits using self-reported questionnaires that monitored consumption of 100% juice, sugar-sweetened drinks and artificially sweetened drinks.
By the end of the study period, 1,369 of the women were diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes, the researchers revealed.
Clavel-Chapelon and his team revealed that both diet and sugar-sweetened beverage consumption was linked with a higher risk of developing diabetes.
However, when comparing diabetes risk between the diet soda drinkers and regular soda drinkers, the diet drinkers had an even higher risk, they said.
Meanwhile, the women who only reported drinking 100% juice did not have an increased risk of diabetes.
Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
Published online ahead of print, doi: 10.3945/ajcn.112.050997
“Consumption of artificially and sugar-sweetened beverages and incident type 2 diabetes in the Etude Epidémiologique auprès des femmes de la Mutuelle Générale de l'Education Nationale–European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort”
Authors: Guy Fagherazzi, Alice Vilier, Daniela Saes Sartorelli, Martin Lajous, Beverley Balkau, Françoise Clavel-Chapelon | <urn:uuid:86c8ed17-d944-4619-8d2c-a6e811ab4269> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.foodnavigator.com/content/view/print/744764 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368697380733/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516094300-00021-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.920285 | 489 | 3.03125 | 3 |
Defending the Mean
Date: 09/07/2003 at 16:52:59 From: leigh Subject: Mean I've been asked by one of my students to explain why it makes sense to add the sum of the numbers in a data set and then divide by the quantity of numbers when finding the average or mean.
Date: 09/07/2003 at 19:57:20 From: Doctor Achilles Subject: Re: Mean Hi Leigh, Thanks for writing to Dr. Math. That's an excellent (and thoughtful) question. I believe that when you take time to work through the math that is going on, it is intuitive, but I'm not sure if I can give a more principled argument. Let me work through what I mean. Let me explain what I mean by this using students and apples. Let's say that we have a set of students, and each student has some number of apples. Some students may have more apples than others. But I want to know how many apples a typical student might have. One way to think about this "typical" student is this: If another student walks into the room, how many apples would you guess she has? Let's take a very simple case: we have 20 students and every single one of them has 8 apples. If I say another student just arrived, how many apples would you guess she has just based on what you know about the 20 students who are already there? You'd probably guess she has 8, wouldn't you? You might not be shocked if I told you she has 7 or 9, but if it turns out she has 17 or 20, you would probably say that there must be something different about her that caused her to bring more apples. There are three intuitive ways I can think of to define this "typical" student. The first is to look and see if a lot of the students have the same number of apples. For instance, if we have 4 students and 3 of them all have 7 apples and the 4th student has 9 then it might make sense to say that a typical stduent has 7 apples. This, as you probably know, is called the "mode". For a little more information about modes which is not really relevant to this discussion but may be interesting to you or your students, check out this page: More Than One Mode? http://mathforum.org/library/drmath/view/61375.html Another way you might define the typical student is to line up all the students in order from the one with the fewest apples to the one with the most, and then say that the one in the middle of the line is the "most typical". I personally find this the least intuitive of the 3 ways to definte a typical student, but it is certainly a way you could do it. As you probably know, this is called the "median". This is really, by definition, not so much an assessment of what is typical of the population as a whole as just what is actually true of the one individual in the middle of the population. So what about the mean? The advantage that the mean has over the median is that it tells you somthing about the population beyond just what is at the middle. The advantage that the mean has over the mode is that the mode only works if there is one number which occurs more than any other. Also, modes only tell you about the largest part of the population but ignore any minority groups. Let's start with an easy case for why we use the mean. Let's say that there are 2 students, one with 7 apples and the other with 9. What is a typical student in that group? Well, it seems intuitive to me (before I really even do any math), that a typical student should be halfway between the two students in our population. For me, it just plain makes sense to say that a typical student has 8 apples in this set. No other number represents the set well. You could say 7 is typical, but that ignores the student with 9 apples. You could say 9 is typical, but then you have an identical problem. You could say 10 or even 0 or 20, but none of these numbers are even close to 9 or 7 and you would be downright nuts if you said any of them were typical of this set. You could maybe try saying 7.5, that doesn't completely ignore the student with 9 apples, but it means you're paying more attention to the student with 7. Similarly 8.5 doesn't completely ignore the student with 7, but it pays more attention to the student with 9. Let's move to a slightly more difficult case. Let's say we have two students with 7 apples each and one student with 10 apples. What is typical in this group? Well, you could say 7 is typical (the mode) but that ignores completely the student with 10 apples. You could say 8.5 is typical (halfway between 7 and 10) but there are two students with 7 apples and only one student with 10 apples, so shouldn't we pay more attention to the 7 apples? What about 8, is that a reasonable compromise? Sure, it is only 1 away from 7 and it is 2 away from 10; it make perfect sense for it to be twice as far from 10 as it is from 7 because there are twice as many students with 7 apples as there are with 10 apples. You can make up more examples, but if you work through what seems like a fair way to find a typical student in each group, I bet you'll always come up with the mean. Another way to think of the mean is this: if every student put his or her apples into one big pile (take the sum of all the apples) and then we passed out an equal number of apples to each student (divide by the number of students), how many apples would each student have? Exactly the mean! So the mean is a good way to think about what the group would look like if everyone redistributed their apples so that all the students had the same number. I hope this helps! - Doctor Achilles, The Math Forum http://mathforum.org/dr.math/
Date: 09/07/2003 at 21:10:05 From: leigh Subject: Thank you (Mean) Thank you very much for your quick responce. That will be helpful tomorrow in my math class and to answer my student's questions. In college, we are taught how to teach to calculate the mean, but not why, so thank you very much. Leigh
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Castle Bromwich Parish Council
Solihull Young Carers
Free School Meals
Did you know that your child could qualify for free school meals? That means no bills but delicious, healthy meals for your children.
School meals will give your child a real appetite for learning and help them to achieve their full potential. There is nothing healthier for your child and your family’s budget than free school meals. As someone else is preparing the meals for your child, it saves you having to worry about the effort and expense of making packed lunches every day.
Your child may be entitled to receive free school meals if you are entitled to receive one or more of the following:
- Income Support (IS);
- Income Based Jobseekers Allowance (IBJSA);
- An income-related employment and support allowance
- Support under part VI of the Immigration and Asylum Act 1999; or
- Child Tax Credit, provided they are not entitled to Working Tax Credit and have an annual income (as assessed by Her Majesty’s Revenue and Customs) that does not exceed £16,190.
Note: Where a parent is entitled to Working Tax Credit during the four-week period immediately after their employment ceases, or after they start to work less than 16 hours per week, their children are entitled to free school lunches.
- The Guarantee element of State Pension Credit.
Children who receive a qualifying benefit in their own right are also eligible to receive free school meals.
How to Apply
Further details and a downloadable version of the application form can be obtained from the address below or from the link on this website. These forms need to be handed in to the school office.
Alternatively, you can collect a paper copy of the application form from the school office.
If you have any questions then please contact Tina Watkins on 0121 748 0430.
Download the application form here. | <urn:uuid:9e740c4d-1b31-4633-857b-324faaa06007> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.parkhallschool.org.uk/fsm/fsmindex2.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368702448584/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516110728-00072-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.955268 | 417 | 1.710938 | 2 |
U.S. soybean futures edged higher on Thursday, shaking off early losses tied to profit-taking, after the U.S. Federal Reserve announced an aggressive new economic stimulus program.
Soybeans added to Wednesday's gains, when the market notched its biggest one-day rally in almost two weeks after the U.S. Department of Agriculture issued a tighter-than-expected supply outlook.
At Thursday's close soybeans were down almost three per cent from the record high set last week.
The Fed's move also supported corn and wheat futures, which traded higher throughout the day. Corn futures were recovering from a two-month low set on Wednesday after USDA reported a larger-than-expected harvest forecast.
U.S. stocks added to gains on the Fed's move, while the dollar fell broadly, oil prices rose and gold hit a six-month high.
"I certainly think the Fed decision and the rising stock market helped the grains out," said Brian Hoops, president of Midwest Market Solutions.
Chicago Board of Trade (CBOT) new-crop November soy closed up 0.1 per cent to $17.47-1/4 a bushel (all figures US$).
December wheat rose 1.4 per cent to $9.02 a bushel, and December corn was 0.6 per cent higher at $7.73-3/4 a bushel.
Digesting USDA data
The closely watched USDA crop report on Wednesday gave an updated view on how the worst drought in the United States in more than half a century hurt Midwest crops.
USDA estimated this year's U.S. soybean harvest at 2.634 billion bushels, down from last month's estimate of 2.692 billion and below analysts' average estimate of 2.657 billion.
Ending soybean stocks next summer were forecast to be the lowest in nine years at 115 million bushels, unchanged from the August estimate.
The U.S. corn harvest was forecast at 10.727 billion bushels, down slightly from last month's estimate of 10.779 billion but above analysts' average estimate of 10.38 billion.
It would be the smallest corn crop in six years, and the lowest yield in 17 years at 122.8 bushels per acre.
Hoops predicted corn and soybean futures would extend gains on Friday due to supply fears.
Wheat for Egypt
Egypt, the world's top importer of the grain, bought 235,000 tonnes of Russian, French and Ukrainian wheat for Nov. 21-30 shipment. Egypt initially said it had bought 120,000 tonnes, but later revised to the deal to 235,000.
It was the seventh tender in about a month by Egypt, which has been snapping up supplies as a drought reduces the Russian harvest and dry weather trims the crop in Australia.
"The Egyptian purchase underlined the export shift to France as Russian supplies are selling out," a German trader said.
Russian Deputy Prime Minister Arkady Dvorkovich on Thursday accused speculators of spreading false rumours that the country would ban grain exports this year. He repeated a promise that Moscow would not impose export restrictions.
Russia roiled global grain markets in 2010 when it suspended wheat exports due to a savage drought.
Syria's state-run General Establishment for Cereal Processing and Trade also entered the market, buying 50,000 tonnes of Russian or Ukrainian wheat in a tender. An official said Syria will soon issue a tender for 100,000 tonnes of wheat.
-- Tom Polansek reports on the agriculture sector from Chicago for Reuters. Additional reporting for Reuters by Naveen Thukral in Singapore and Sybille de La Hamaide in Paris. | <urn:uuid:5df74616-95aa-45a5-8901-f6ca6f3ac967> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.weyburnreview.com/article/GB/20120914/AG0103/309149958/-1/weyburn/us-soybeans-recover-to-close-higher-after-fed-decision | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368698924319/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516100844-00042-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.953764 | 767 | 1.539063 | 2 |
The Center for Study of Working Class Life pursues its purposes through a number of activities. Some have already begun. Others are yet to come as our work develops and new sources of support come into play. The calendar shows the record so far.
Internal network of seminars and colloquia: featuring the work of Stony
Brook faculty associated with the Center.
Invited seminar series: featuring the work of people from various universities and research centers, and other specialists in the field.
Funded research: as a place for focused attention to issues of class, the Center helps associated faculty obtain grants for research on a wide variety of related topics.
Post-doctoral and visiting scholar appointments: to bring scholars to Stony Brook for more extended periods.
Conferences: focusing on specific aspects of class to attract scholars from around the world and generate papers making a serious contribution to the field.
Pedagogy: the Center encourages development of techniques that improve our ability to teach about class. We try to identify sources and types of resistance and confusion that arise and develop ways of overcoming these obstacles to learning.
Graduate student support and training: through involvement with faculty associated with the Center, and engagement with Center activities, graduate students will be exposed to the methods and issues involved in this branch of study. We seek graduate student support through funded research.
With support from the Dean of the Graduate School, the Center has initiated the Stony Brook Dissertation Lecture Series on Issues of Class, which brings to Stony Brook advanced graduate students or new PhD recipients whose work can be presented to an interdisciplinary audience and be models for our own graduate students.
Undergraduate research: undergraduates taking courses whose subject matter involves aspects of class are encouraged to write papers as part of Stony Brook’s commitment to undergraduate involvement in research.
Public affairs: the Center hopes to undertake a series of activities to bring its work to the wider public, both academic and lay. Among these would be: 1) a working paper series; 2) a public distinguished lecture series; 3) curriculum development for K-12; 4) co-production of radio segments; 5) co-production of video and television materials. | <urn:uuid:43e7af8c-da20-4359-957d-209b70502ce6> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.stonybrook.edu/workingclass/about/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368711005985/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516133005-00009-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.950322 | 446 | 1.757813 | 2 |
IVPA Establishes Standards of Excellence for International Volunteering
The revised focus of the International Volunteer Programs Association (IVPA), a unique alliance of non-profit and for-profit, non-governmental organizations involved in international volunteer and internship exchanges, is well timed with the rising interest in volunteerism among Americans. A baseline study conducted by the Brookings Institution estimates that about 50,000 Americans volunteered abroad in 2005 (this number does not represent comprehensive coverage of sectarian international volunteers); and, according to a 2006 survey conducted by the Travel Industry Association of America, nearly a quarter of American travelers said they were interested in taking a volunteer or service-based vacation.
A Brief History of IVPA
The LaFetra Foundation, which promotes collaborations that contribute to a sense of global responsibility and solidarity, convened a meeting of international volunteer organizations, in 1996, to try and raise the standards of volunteering at a time of exploding growth in volunteer program options. The meeting resulted in the establishment of IVPA, the research and writing of How to Live Your Dream of Volunteering Overseas, and the creation of “Bridges” (now called “World Bridges”), which was developed to provide opportunities for diverse young people from low-income backgrounds to work for peace and justice.
Within its first few years IVPA was primarily focused on providing benefits to its members. By the year 2000, it had grown to represent about 50 organizations that in total sent some 15,000 volunteers abroad each year. Despite its notable progress, however, IVPA faced some strategic challenges that prevented it from realizing its full potential.
Revitalizing its Vision
The current growth spurt in international volunteerism, spawned in part by the tragedies of September 11, the 2004 Asian tsunami, and Hurricane Katrina, prompted IVPA’s leadership to re-evaluate the role of IVPA and the possibilities for its future. With the sheer number of new volunteer options emerging, and the resulting confusion among consumers regarding the quality of programs, it was becoming clear to IVPA that the need for its organization was never more critical.
“There was a sense that we needed to get ahead of the curve,” says Stefanie Rubin, IVPA’s executive director. “After some horror stories in the U.K., the government there started creating standards for volunteering. We wanted to work with practitioners in the field to standardize the industry before problems arise.”
In 2006 IVPA executive board member Steve Rosenthal—the founder of Cross-Cultural Solutions, a non-profit organization that has been operating international volunteer programs since 1995—felt this was the time to revitalize IVPA. “Volunteer organizations have a responsibility to take safety and program quality very seriously,” says Rosenthal, “and the public needs a way of knowing which organizations meet the highest levels of program quality. IVPA serves this role at a time when it is more important than ever.”
He recruited Rubin, a former Cross-Cultural Solutions staff member, who went on to co-found her own international non-profit called “The Humanitarian Project,” with the idea of surveying IVPA’s members to gauge the level of interest in restructuring IVPA as a standards-based organization.
Rubin’s reaction was favorable. As a past volunteer with special education students and orphans in India, Thailand, and Peru and having interacted with many prospective volunteers in her position at Cross-Cultural Solutions, she felt there was a need for an accrediting organization that could provide unbiased information and resources to individuals and institutions interested in volunteering.
“Particularly because the field was growing so rapidly, it seemed there needed to be a centralized, governing body for short-term programs,” Rubin says. “Most volunteers have contact through e-mail, mail, or a website, and sometimes the phone, but often not through in-person meetings so there is an added concern.”
Tasked with surveying about 50 volunteer organizations over the period of a month, Rubin got a crash course in the needs, concerns, and interests of the field. She then presented the information to IVPA’s executive committee members at the time: Rosenthal, Amigos de los Américas director of volunteer administration Glenn Bayron, and then director of the Foundation for Sustainable Development Alicia Robb. They all supported strengthening IVPA, and Rubin was offered the opportunity to assume the role of director in September 2006.
With the assistance of two new executive committee members, WorldTeach executive director Helen Claire Sievers and Globe Aware executive director and founder Kimberly Haley-Coleman, Rubin hit the ground running. She started focusing on building committees that could help her determine the organization’s future direction.
IVPA has restructured itself to become the seal of approval for volunteer organizations meeting its high quality standards. Its developments in 2007 have included new and much stricter membership guidelines, an improved 7-page membership application, an updated logo, and a new website. Rubin says even something as seemingly simple as a more rigorous application form has proven to be “a great exercise for new members.” She says, “It forces them to think about their own standards and practices, as well as what some of their shortcomings are. One organization, for example, realized it did not have an emergency evacuation plan in place.”
As another key initiative, IVPA formed a committee of experienced members to develop practices and principles, which are now available on IVPA’s new website. Whereas its previous site was mainly used for program placements, with the robust search engines now available for such purposes, IVPA wanted to distinguish its new site as an authoritative space for providing information and training materials to consumers considering volunteering abroad.
Rubin describes IVPA’s website as a one-stop resource center for anyone interested in volunteering internationally. It addresses key issues that prospective volunteers should consider, such as health and safety, the cost of programs and how the money is being used, the impact on local host communities, and awareness of programs’ philosophies and affiliations.
IVPA also serves as a community for international volunteer program representatives to share knowledge and information, develop new skills, and collaborate on cost-saving initiatives. Rubin explains that it is particularly useful for organizations interested in creating international opportunities. “We feel IVPA has a responsibility to help new volunteer organizations start off on the right foot. We want to help programs to operate to the same high standards our members abide by,” says Rubin.
One annual event that helps unite old and new members and provide them with training is IVPA’s annual conference, which will be held in New York City on Nov. 14, 2007. “We expect that [the] conference will be our strongest to date. We have sessions planned on how to make your volunteer program inclusive of persons with disabilities, volunteer crisis management, ethical practices for marketing and public relations, and the list is still growing,” says Rubin.
For more information about IVPA, contact email@example.com or visit www.volunteerinternational.org.
Building Bridges Through Volunteerism Abroad
Recognizing a need to increase dialogue between the United States and the people of countries worldwide, the Brooking Institution, in June 2006, launched an initiative on international volunteering and service to explore ways in which the culture of volunteerism can help enhance global understanding and security.
This 3-year project has already garnered the support of more than 100 corporations, non-governmental organizations, universities, and government agencies that are working to expand American volunteer service overseas and improve service quality, capacity, and positive impacts in communities abroad.
One of its signature projects is the Building Bridges Coalition, which aims to double the number of Americans volunteering overseas to 100,000 by 2010. The International Volunteer Programs Association (IVPA) is serving as the managing director for the Coalition, while a public policy team is focusing on policy development and education, and a research and impacts group is focusing on assessment of international service and promoting effective practices. Hundreds of former volunteers and supporters gathered on July 12, 2007 at Independence National Historic Park, in Philadelphia, Penn., to help launch the coalition and introduce its new website.
As part of its effort, members of the Building Bridges Coalition are helping to support the Global Service Fellowship Program Act of 2007 (S.1464), which was introduced in the Senate by Senators Russ Feingold (D-WI) and Norm Coleman (R-MN) on May 23, 2007. Its purpose would be to fund fellowships to promote international volunteering opportunities as a means of building bridges across cultures, addressing critical human needs, and promoting mutual understanding. The bill, which calls for $250 million in federal funding ($50 million annually), is expected to go before the Senate in September; if passed, Americans would be able to apply for fellowships, ranging from $2,500 to $7,500, to use toward airfare, vaccinations, program fees, local service project seed money, language and cultural training, as well as other expenses related to volunteering abroad.
Although criteria for how the funds would be distributed has not been determined yet, “[these] fellowships will make it possible for an additional 10,000 Americans to volunteer abroad each year,” says Katherine Stahl, executive director of the American University Career Center and member of the Building Bridges Coalition leadership steering committee for campus engagement.
For more information or to learn how to get involved with the Brookings Initiative on International Volunteering and Service and the Building Bridges Coalition, visit their respective websites. | <urn:uuid:4c082564-9f85-4910-9553-3a71653dc023> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.transitionsabroad.com/publications/magazine/0709/internatonal_volunteer_programs_asssociation_standards_of_excellence.shtml | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368699273641/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516101433-00064-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.958078 | 1,975 | 1.710938 | 2 |
November 18th, 2007 2:01 PM
On an autumn afternoon in a place much like Canada (where distilling liquor is legal), three brave sfzeroers gathered with a half case of old homebrew and a whole bunch of equipment, to make themselves some liquor.
The setup consisted of a big flask, surrounded by sand (to diffuse the heat) in a pot; a condenser; a tube that fits into the tops of the flask and condenser, with a hole above the flask for a thermometer; the thermometer; a gasket to seal the tube; a burner for heating the flask; a stand for holding the condenser; water to cool the condenser, as needed; a funnel; and beer.
At some point, for successful distillation to occur, one must take a tea break. The gods of liquor require it. Doubly so if one has not documented one's homebrew-making. Our teatime came after the sand was funnelled in around the flask.
We then began assembling our equipment and pouring the beer, using roughly 3 and a half bottles for this distillation. (As you can see, the beer is still drinkable, just ... not as good as it once was. It was Dale's and Duck's first homebrew, significantly helped along with the expertise of Doodle Maier. Poetic, perhaps, that it should be the first thing we distilled together, as well.) We affixed all the necessary tubes in all the right places, hit "go," and ... went for Pho, because it was going to be almost an hour before anything would happen.
Upon returning, we saw the first few drops of distillate dropping into the jar. Unfortunately, the first of the distillate had to be thrown out; therein lies blindness! (Methanes, ethanols, and other nastiness all have a lower boiling point than alcohol, which has a lower boiling point than water. Thank goodness!) Arguably, we lost a significant portion of our alcohol that way, but it was better than risking it. We shut off the boil when the temperature hit 95 degrees. (We'd started around 20. Man, Canada's cold!) It seems that, toward the end, there was a lot of water sneaking in with our alcohol; it's not super high proof, as shown by the "shake test" video.
We each tried a taste before heading our separate ways; it smelled nasty (something that will dissappear with age) but wasn't precisely unpleasant to drink. Woohoo!
There will be more distilling in the future (since most of that half-case is still around), and we'll probably try re-boiling what we get from the beer distillation down into something more potent, just to see if we can. Pictures will be posted and updates will be made, as the process continues. | <urn:uuid:8131f180-4bf5-46d6-8e54-37d4a3165883> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://sf0.org/Doodlemaier/taskDetail/?id=804 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368710006682/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516131326-00031-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.965486 | 593 | 1.726563 | 2 |
The crisis-hit eurozone avoided a double-dip recession by the narrowest of margins in the first three months of 2012 as an unexpectedly strong performance by Germany compensated for plunging activity in countries wilting from tough austerity programmes.
Growth in the eurozone stagnated in the first quarter of 2012 following the 0.3% decline recorded in the final three months of 2011 – just avoiding the two successive quarters of falling output that would have officially signalled a double-dip recession.
Analysts warned, however, that the respite could be short-lived, with the latest flare-up in Europe's long-running sovereign debt crisis likely to damage growth prospects for the rest of the year.
Figures released in European capitals on Tuesday showed that Germany – which accounts for 27% of eurozone GDP – bounced back from a 0.2% drop in output in late 2011, while France followed growth of just 0.1% with a quarter of stagnation in early 2012. In the year to the end of March 2012, Germany grew by 1.2% and France by 0.3%.
Other countries to post quarterly growth included Finland (1.3%), Austria (0.2%), Belgium (0.3%) and Slovakia (0.8%).
But tough austerity measures took their toll on Italy, where the 0.8% quarterly drop in output was the third in a row; Spain, which saw activity decline by 0.3% for a second quarter; and Greece, which reported that the economy was 6.2% smaller at the end of the first quarter of 2012 than a year earlier.
The Netherlands also posted a third consecutive quarter of negative growth, with activity down by 0.2% in the first quarter of 2012.
Overall, the eurozone economies have shown no growth in the past year, while the 27-nation European Union has seen output increase by just 0.1%.
Chris Williamson, economist at Markit, said the outcome had been slightly better than the forward-looking surveys of business activity had indicated. "However, the better outcome largely reflected a surprisingly strong GDP gain in Germany, and the rest of the region is clearly struggling, with marked downturns taking place in the periphery. The business surveys also suggest these downturns gathered momentum at the start of the second quarter."
Williamson added: "The diverse economic trends across the region highlight the policy dilemma at the European Central Bank, where downturns in the periphery suggest more stimulus is required, but such stimulus would risk stoking inflation in stronger-performing Germany.
"However, given the signs of weakness spreading from the periphery to Germany in recent months, the likelihood is the German economy may soon also succumb to weak consumer and business confidence, resulting in a more even picture of economic weakness across the region in the summer.
"Germany is still likely to remain the best performer, but that may not necessarily mean it will not also see a contraction of GDP in the second quarter."
With UK trade figures on Tuesday showing exports to Europe down by £800m in May, the chancellor, George Osborne, said: "This is a time of considerable uncertainty in the eurozone economies and that uncertainty is undermining the entire European recovery. I think we are reaching a point where we have got to make a decision to see the eurozone stand behind their currency."
Ed Balls MP, Labour's shadow chancellor, said: "With Germany, France and the eurozone as a whole avoiding recession, it's now clear that Britain's double-dip recession was made in Downing Street by David Cameron and George Osborne's failed economic policies.
"In the 18 months since George Osborne's spending review, Britain has been outperformed by most European countries. And without exports to Europe and the rest of the world Britain would have been in recession a year ago. The chancellor has now run out of excuses for why his reckless and unfair policies have failed." | <urn:uuid:f1a824d6-bcde-437e-8d9a-be76e58582a4> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2012/may/15/eurozone-avoids-double-dip-recession | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368709037764/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516125717-00062-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.964888 | 791 | 1.5625 | 2 |
33-17-102. Definitions. As used in this title, the following definitions apply:
(1) "Adjuster" means a person who, on behalf of the insurer, for compensation as an independent contractor or as the employee of an independent contractor or for fee or commission investigates and negotiates settlement of claims arising under insurance contracts or otherwise acts on behalf of the insurer. The term does not include a:
(a) licensed attorney who is qualified to practice law in this state;
(b) salaried employee of an insurer or of a managing general agent;
(c) licensed insurance producer who adjusts or assists in adjustment of losses arising under policies issued by the insurer; or
(d) licensed third-party administrator who adjusts or assists in adjustment of losses arising under policies issued by the insurer.
(2) "Adjuster license" means a document issued by the commissioner that authorizes a person to act as an adjuster.
(3) (a) "Administrator" means a person who collects charges or premiums from residents of this state in connection with life, disability, property, or casualty insurance or annuities or who adjusts or settles claims on these coverages.
(b) The term does not mean:
(i) an employer on behalf of its employees or on behalf of the employees of one or more subsidiaries of affiliated corporations of the employer;
(ii) a union on behalf of its members;
(iii) (A) an insurer that is either authorized in this state or acting as an insurer with respect to a policy lawfully issued and delivered by it in and pursuant to the laws of a state in which the insurer is authorized to transact insurance; or
(B) a health service corporation as defined in 33-30-101;
(iv) a life, disability, property, or casualty insurance producer who is licensed in this state and whose activities are limited exclusively to the sale of insurance;
(v) a creditor on behalf of its debtors with respect to insurance covering a debt between the creditor and its debtors;
(vi) a trust established in conformity with 29 U.S.C. 186 or the trustees, agents, and employees of the trust;
(vii) a trust exempt from taxation under section 501(a) of the Internal Revenue Code or the trustees and employees of the trust;
(viii) a custodian acting pursuant to a custodian account that meets the requirements of section 401(f) of the Internal Revenue Code or the agents and employees of the custodian;
(ix) a bank, credit union, or other financial institution that is subject to supervision or examination by federal or state banking authorities;
(x) a company that issues credit cards and that advances for and collects premiums or charges from its credit card holders who have authorized it to do so, if the company does not adjust or settle claims;
(xi) a person who adjusts or settles claims in the normal course of the person's practice or employment as an attorney and who does not collect charges or premiums in connection with life or disability insurance or annuities; or
(xii) a person appointed as a managing general agent in this state whose activities are limited exclusively to those described in 33-2-1501(10) and Title 33, chapter 2, part 16.
(4) "Administrator license" means a document issued by the commissioner that authorizes a person to act as an administrator.
(5) "Consultant" means a person who for a fee examines, appraises, reviews, or evaluates an insurance policy, annuity, or pension contract, plan, or program or who makes recommendations or gives advice on an insurance policy, annuity, or pension contract, plan, or program.
(6) "Consultant license" means a document issued by the commissioner that authorizes a person to act as an insurance consultant.
(7) "Controlled business" means insurance procured or to be procured by or through a person upon the life, person, property, or risks of the person or the person's spouse, employer, or business.
(8) "Individual" means a private or natural person, as distinguished from a partnership, corporation, or association.
(9) "Insurance producer", except as provided in 33-17-103:
(i) a person who solicits, negotiates, effects, procures, delivers, renews, continues, or binds:
(A) policies of insurance for risks residing, located, or to be performed in this state; or
(B) membership contracts as defined in 33-30-101;
(ii) a managing general agent. For purposes of this chapter, the term "managing general agent" has the same meaning as set forth in 33-2-1501.
(b) does not mean a customer service representative. For purposes of this definition, a "customer service representative" means a salaried employee of an insurance producer who assists and is responsible to the insurance producer.
(10) "License" means a document issued by the commissioner that authorizes a person to act as an insurance producer for the kinds of insurance specified in the document. The license itself does not create actual, apparent, or inherent authority in the holder to represent or commit an insurer to a binding agreement.
(11) "Person" means an individual, partnership, corporation, association, or other legal entity.
(12) "Public adjuster" means an adjuster employed by and representing the interests of the insured.
History: En. Secs. 146, 147, 148, 150, Ch. 286, L. 1959; R.C.M. 1947, 40-3302, 40-3303(part), 40-3304, 40-3306; amd. Sec. 5, Ch. 518, L. 1983; amd. Sec. 1, Ch. 409, L. 1987; amd. Sec. 18, Ch. 713, L. 1989; amd. Sec. 25, Ch. 798, L. 1991; amd. Sec. 49, Ch. 379, L. 1995; amd. Sec. 24, Ch. 531, L. 1997. | <urn:uuid:168e4ae8-da7e-4732-a3ed-eb6ff7e74055> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://data.opi.mt.gov/bills/1999/mca/33/17/33-17-102.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368706499548/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516121459-00033-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.933754 | 1,294 | 1.625 | 2 |
Mexico could return old ruling party to powerMEXICO CITY (AP) — A single party dominated Mexico for most of the past century, and its loss 12 years ago proved to many that the country was finally a democracy. Now the nation's voters seem ready to bring it back to power in Sunday's presidential election.
MEXICO CITY (AP) — A single party dominated Mexico for most of the past century, and its loss 12 years ago proved to many that the country was finally a democracy. Now the nation's voters seem ready to bring it back to power in Sunday's presidential election.
The Institutional Revolutionary Party, led by telegenic former Mexico State Gov. Enrique Pena Nieto, has held a strong lead throughout the campaign, and also seems poised to retake at least a plurality in Congress.
The party has been bolstered by voter fatigue with a sluggish economy and the sharp escalation of a drug war that has killed roughly 50,000 Mexicans over the past six years. The desire for change suddenly works to benefit the party known as the PRI that ran Mexico from 1929 to 2000.
Hoping for a shocking upset are leftist Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador, whose narrow loss in Mexico's last election led to charges of voter fraud and weeks of massive protests, and the candidate of the ruling National Action Party, Josefina Vazquez Mota, the first woman ever nominated for the presidency by a major party in Mexico.
It would be a once-unthinkable comeback for the PRI, which many believed was doomed after its 2000 loss and which was still reeling in the last presidential election, when it finished a weak third.
Pena Nieto has cast himself as a pragmatic economic moderate in the tradition of the last three PRI presidents of the 20th century. He has called for greater private investment in Mexico's state-controlled oil industry, and has said he will try to reduce violence by attacking crimes that hurt ordinary citizens while deemphasizing the pursuit of drug kingpins.
All of the parties are accusing rivals of emulating the traditional PRI tactic of offering voters money, food or benefits in return for votes. Lopez Obrador's Democratic Revolution Party says Pena Nieto's campaign has handed supporters prepaid money cards worth nearly $5.2 million (71 million pesos).
PRI activists have published photographs of truckloads of handouts it said were given out by Democratic Revolution backers.
But electoral officials have repeatedly insisted that outright fraud is almost impossible under the country's elaborate, costly electoral machinery.
The government also promises efforts to avoid outbursts of violence linked to the country's endemic drug gang violence.
Military and civilian officials announced that the army would step up election day patrols in the border city of Nuevo Laredo, where a bomb in a pickup truck exploded outside city hall on Friday.
The 45-year-old Pena Nieto, who is married to a soap opera star, also has been dogged by allegations that he overspent his $330 million campaign funding limit and has received favorable coverage from Mexico's television giant, Televisa.
University students launched a series of anti-Pena Nieto marches in the final weeks of the campaign, arguing that his party hasn't changed since its days in power.
Pena Nieto says his party has abandoned the heavy-handed ways of the past and will govern in an open and pluralistic manner, and many say the PRI would not be able to reimpose its once near-total control even if it wanted to because of changes in society, the judiciary and Congress.
"The context has changed dramatically," said Rodrigo Salazar, a professor at the Latin American Faculty of Social Sciences in Mexico City. "Society isn't the same. It's a very critical society, a very demanding society, with a strong division of powers."
The final pre-election polls on Wednesday, the last day they could legally be published, showed Pena Nieto with a lead ranging from 8 to 17 percentage points.
Lopez Obrador, 58, was a center-leftist as Mexico City mayor and pioneered some programs that Pena Nieto emulated in the neighboring state of Mexico, such as local pensions for the elderly. But he alienated many voters with his refusal to recognize the narrow victory of National Action's Felipe Calderon in 2006, declaring himself "legitimate president" and mounting protests that gridlocked much of the capital for weeks.
Lopez Obrador says he wants to keep state control over the national oil company, make Mexico self-sufficient in energy and food production, and fund new social spending and jobs programs by cutting waste and corruption, not by raising taxes.
Vazquez Mota, 51, is a former secretary of education and social development in the conservative administrations of President Vicente Fox and his successor, Calderon. She campaigned on the slogan, "different," but has struggled to distinguish herself from Calderon while maintaining the support of the party's power structure.
She has pledged to continue Calderon's war on drug cartels, increase penalties for public corruption and ease rules on hiring and firing employees in order to spur economic growth. On the last day of campaigning, she even promised to make Calderon her attorney-general if elected.
The latest polls showed Pena Nieto favored by 32.2 percent to 41.2 percent of voters, in polls with margins of error ranging from 2.5 to 3 percent.
Lopez Obrador had support ranging from 23.8 to 25.4 percent. Josefina Vazquez Mota had 18.8 to 20.8 percent.
Also running is Gabriel Quadri de la Torre, 57, the candidate of the New Alliance Party, which has links to the powerful teacher's union. His poll support remains in the low single digits.
Mexicans are also electing 500 members of the lower house of Congress and 128 senators. Voters will also select Mexico City's mayor and governors in the states of Chiapas, Guanajuato, Jalisco, Morelos, Tabasco and Yucatan. The president is elected for a single six-year term and cannot stand for re-election. | <urn:uuid:37fdab3f-161e-4ee8-a98a-af84605c6213> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.jamestownsun.com/event/article/id/164137/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368705953421/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516120553-00005-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.972095 | 1,262 | 1.734375 | 2 |
« Race & Representation
Off to Brisbane »
Plans are under way for our fabluous roof garden. Thank you so much for all your comments and suggestions they have been wonderfully useful.
I thought it would be fun to share with you its current state:
Yup, that’s all we got a stray plant growing between the cracks on the balcony railing. The twenty cent piece and quarter are there for scale. It is teeny tiny.
Here is the bare, bare balcony, which we aim to transform:
I shall keep you posted with more pictures as the garden grows. It will be a slow process because we’re having large wooden troughs made to house the profusion of plants I’m determined to have. But it will be wondrous! Oh, yes, it will.
Posted by Justine at 22:36, 20 January 2010 under Garden, Sydney/Australia | 4 Comments »
Sean the Blogonaut Says:
What sort of shade solution did you have in mind?
January 21st, 2010 at 12:45 AM
Shade!? what Aussie plants needs shade
But you’ll nuture your first little baby won’t you. He’s so cute and looking about to flower.
January 21st, 2010 at 9:16 AM
3. Justine Says:
ClareSnow: In my previous post on the subject there was some plants that prefer shade that I mentioned. I think that’s what Sean’s referring to. There are indeed Aussie plants that need shade.
But you are correct the vast majority don’t and there the ones we’ll be going with. Cause as you can see they’ll get precious little shade on our balcony.
Actually that plant is already in flower. That’s what the white blurs are.
January 21st, 2010 at 7:33 PM
I was thinking that you might need some shade cloth to help some of them establish themselves. I have some Mallee eucalyptus in pots. Have had them under shade for 2 months, prior to a planned planting in autumn. Lost two when I had them in full sun.
January 21st, 2010 at 8:38 PM
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© 2003-2013 Justine Larbalestier | <urn:uuid:0196d50f-833a-46e3-83ee-fb08734d05b8> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://justinelarbalestier.com/blog/2010/01/20/more-on-our-roof-garden-of-the-future/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368704392896/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516113952-00005-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.950149 | 504 | 1.539063 | 2 |
Computer Information Science
A description of the Computer Information Science Program at Western.
Interested in Cell Phone Apps? We'll be teaching Mobile App Programming in the Spring of 2013 using the IPhone platform.
CIS is the study of computer based problem solving, particularly algorithms and their implementation in programming languages. CIS graduates can pursue a wide variety of technical and professional options, including software engineering, web development, database design and management, business management and consulting, and network management as well as graduate school.
CIS students can choose the Standard Major (36 credits) or the Comprehensive Major (49 credits). The majors share the core topics:
- Programming Languages & Algorithms
- Web Development
- Visual Application Development
- Database Design
- Systems Analysis & Software Engineering
Modern software engineering techniques are practiced throughout. Coursework is focused on real-world problem solving, with emphasis on event driven GUIs, client-server relationships and database driven applications. A variety of languages, environments and application domains is studied, while focusing on the fundamentals common to all areas of computer science.
Internships with software companies are an increasingly popular option with students. Last summer students completed internships with Cigna Health Systems, Konica/Minolta and Innovative Technology Systems. They also have the opportunity to complete substantial projects, some of which involve publishable research. Current projects include a Language of Algorithmic Music for High School Computer Science and Computer Science, Math and Video Games.
Want to check out CIS at Western? Try Computer Camp, where you'll learn video game programming using Panda3d!
See photos of the math and CIS departments in action. | <urn:uuid:730eef92-2c58-4ea2-8676-f7733582f826> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.western.edu/academics/computerscience | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368704392896/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516113952-00061-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.917587 | 336 | 2.078125 | 2 |
As per studies in 2011-12, more than 64 million people in the United States accessed the Internet from a mobile devices or you can say smartphones. And as per studies, 2013 there will be a lot more than 1.8 billion mobile Internet users worldwide.
And I think with those kinds of numbers, it’s imperative that web designers and developers learn optimal mobile web development and design practices for mobile devices. Here are few things which you must consider before creating mobile website for your business.
1. A mobile site has nothing to do with a website
Forget the idea that your desktop website is “sufficient” for the mobile version. The experience on a mobile phone is very different from the experience on a computer. For example, a button on your computer screen will appear on a tiny mobile phone. We must therefore develop a mobile version of your site that meets all the constraints of a mobile phone.
2. Users like to have a choice
Do not forcibly redirect users coming to your website with a mobile phone to your site. Smartphones are becoming increasingly sophisticated with screens bigger and bigger. Some users may prefer the web version of your website to read on their smartphones. There are number of plugins available for the same, like WP-Touch pro which allows user to select what they prefer, mobile site or desktop site.
3. All mobile phones are not iPhones
As per Apple’s official website, 30% of mobile users uses iPhone. So by making a mobile website that works only on iPhone, it’s insulting 70% of users who have another type of smartphone like Samsung Galaxy S3.
4. But many phones are smartphones
Day by day number of smartphone users are increasing. You can safely create a mobile site a little change, which may contain video or sound.
5. Smartphones have a basic web browser
The iPhone has a browser that supports HTML5, but not Flash. Some browsers on android phones uses or supports Flash, but many HTML5 components are still missing. BlackBerry’s browser can do nothing. In short, browsers on your computer are far more advanced than your mobile. Forget the idea of making a mobile site that breaks bricks.
6. All mobile phones are not connected with a 3G high-speed connection
The place where you have time to use your mobile phone: subway, bus, train.. is often the place where the connection is the most poor. Think before you upload a clip in HD on your mobile website.
7. A mobile site alone is useless
If a person likes your group, he will go on your website, not on your mobile site. The mobile site should serve as an interactive extension of the real world. For example, you can add QRCode in a newspaper article will allow readers to discover your music on his mobile phone.
8. The development of mobile sites is in its infancy
Smartphones are evolving quickly and the solutions to smartphone. For example, you’ll soon sell your music or concert tickets directly on a Smartphone or in stores via NFC or Facebook using “Facebook Credits”. It will surely not to be missed opportunities.
If you don’t have much knowledge of the mobile web development, then don’t worry, there are number of services available online, which helps you to customize your website for cell phones with one of their many free mobile site templates or use our advanced design studio. | <urn:uuid:ffa4c50a-3821-440e-8a21-3ce98dd7311d> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.tricksmachine.com/2012/08/creating-mobile-website.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368698924319/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516100844-00033-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.916295 | 702 | 2 | 2 |
But the great speech of that convention was the speech made by Abraham Lincoln. His speech was of such wonderful eloquence and power that it fairly electrified the members of the convention and everybody who heard it. It was a great speech in what he said, in the burning eloquence of his words, and in the manner in which he delivered it. If ever a speech was inspired in this world, it has always seemed to me, that that speech of Mr. Lincoln's was. It aroused the convention, and all who heard it, and sympathized with the speaker, to the highest pitch of enthusiasm.
I have never heard any other speech that had such great power and influence over those to whom it was addressed. I have always believed it to have been the greatest speech Mr. Lincoln ever made, and the greatest speech to which I ever listened. I can never forget that speech, and especially that part of it where, after repelling with great power and earnestness the charge of disunion made against the Anti-Nebraska party, he stood as if on tip-toe, his tall from erect, his long arms extended, his face fairly radiant with the flush of excitement, and, as if addressing those preferring the charge of disunionism, he slowly, but earnestly and impressively, said:
"We do not intend to dissolve the Union, nor do we intend to let you dissolve it."
As he uttered these memorable and, I may say, prophetic words, the members of the convention and everybody present rose as one man to their feet, and there was a universal burst of applause, repeated over and over again, so that it was some moments before Mr. Lincoln could proceed with his speech.
John Cockle, of the city of New York, brother of Washington Cockle, a prominent citizen of Peoria, and a life-long Democrat, sat by my side during Mr. Lincoln's speech; and was profoundly impressed by his wonderful eloquence. He said to me he was greatly surprised to find that Illinois had such a man as Abraham Lincoln, and that they knew nothing about him in New York; that he had lived in New York all his life and had heard most of the great men of the country speak at one time or another in that city; that he had heard Henry Clay, Daniel Webster, John C. Calhoun, Martin Van Buren, Levi Woodbury, Silas Wright, and others. But, he said, he had never before heard from any one so great a speech as the one just delivered by Mr. Lincoln. The speech converted him, and he became, as I was informed afterwards, a good Republican.
Mr. Lincoln's speech was delivered without manuscript, and I think, without notes; and no report of it was made. Nor has it ever been published until within a few years when a report of it written, as it is said, from notes taken at the time, was published as the "Lost Speech." And I am forced to say that I rather regret the publication, for I do not think it does justice to the speech that Mr. Lincoln delivered. In fact, I am strongly impressed with the belief, that no report could have been made and published then or since, especially after the lapse of so many years, which would give a just conception of the great power and magnetic effect of that memorable speech. | <urn:uuid:455f0b41-d3ce-495d-bdb8-880bbecad9f3> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.adena.com/adena/usa/cw/cw104.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368704713110/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516114513-00062-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.990515 | 686 | 2.328125 | 2 |
Business of… investment tips
Call them crazy, but these six investment strategies (which you’ve probably never heard of) come direct from the brightest minds in the business.
November 8, 2010 11:43 by Katherine Azmeh
Stop investing in tiny increments. Go all out. The idea is the brain child of business professors John Ross Knight and Lewis Mandell, and it flies in the face of a popular method of investing called dollar cost averaging. In their unconventional theory, Knight and Mandell contend that investing bit by bit over long stretches of time will not return as big as simply figuring out the lump sum you can afford, and buying in. The pro: simulated strategies using decades of stock market data have compared the two methods, and lump sum beats dollar cost every time. The con: the fear factor. | <urn:uuid:d0aaaff6-561e-47d8-b393-dcf28215d177> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.kippreport.com/fcs/business-of-investment-tips/4/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368699881956/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516102441-00000-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.931712 | 167 | 1.820313 | 2 |
Tribal tattoos have always been in vogue. They take you back to the primitive times. However, the tribal tattoo designs have now undergone a major transformation. Infact, they have been constantly evolving and morphing into what has come to be known as the neo tribal tattoo designing. Read further to know more about the tribal tattoo art.
There are basically two kinds of body art tribal tattoos; one is the black work on the arms and legs, while the other style lends a modern primitive look to the whole body. Various colors are used in its making. Tribal tattoo designs have taken ideas from the tribal art that was pursued by the native and indigenous tribes. Its origin can be traced back to the times of the older tribes like Maori Tribe (indigenous people of New Zealand), African Tribal, the Celtics etc.
Tribal tattoo designs were initially used to identify specific tribes. Certain communities used it as a social status symbol. However, today, it has emerged as a popularfashion. In the contemporary times, more and more people are going in for tribal tattoo designs for its high aesthetic value. It has a great visual appeal. Popular tribal tattoo designs include butterfly, dragon, and sun. Back and neck are the two most common areas for tattooing. To become a style icon, guys are also getting their chest tattooed. | <urn:uuid:54adb8d0-225f-4fb6-b677-0ed442970cc1> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.indiavision.com/beauty_description-Tribal%20Tattoo.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368699273641/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516101433-00062-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.970467 | 271 | 2.09375 | 2 |
Resolution FAQ - (Stacia Naquin)
Updated: 05/14/2013 - I'm still focused on meeting my goal of doing a pull-up. And I'm almost there! But I'm always getting this question:
WASHINGTON (AP) -- A new study finds that about a quarter of Americans now have to travel farther to reach the nearest hospital trauma center.
That's important because just one hour can spell the difference between life and death for victims of severe injury. And ordinary emergency rooms may not be able to adequately treat victims with multiple fractures, brain injuries or penetrating wounds to internal organs.
Yet 69 million people had to travel farther to reach a trauma center in 2007 than in 2001. That's the main finding of a study published Wednesday in the journal Health Affairs. For nearly 16 million of those, the added distance increased travel times by 30 minutes or longer.
Hundreds of trauma centers have closed over the past two decades because of financial problems.
(Copyright 2011 by The Associated Press. All Rights Reserved.)
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Updated: 04/17/2013 - Crossing the finish line is such an awesome moment. It's hard to imagine what it has been like for the runners in Boston.
Updated: 04/09/2013 - Admittedly, there are days that I just don’t feel like working out. But then I met Viola. And if she can make working out a priority at 99, then none of us have any excuses! Here's how she's living a FIT LIFE:
Updated: 04/05/2013 - A look back at that amazing Rockies home opener, 20 years ago! Were you there?
Updated: 04/02/2013 - I love my high heels. But sometimes you've gotta put on the sneaks. This is definitely one of those times! | <urn:uuid:4f31e314-bc73-4115-80d1-b72c26782626> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.kktv.com/news/elevenforhealth/headlines/Study_69M_Must_Travel_Longer_To_A_Trauma_Center_131172668.html?site=mobile | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368698207393/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516095647-00023-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.938735 | 480 | 1.632813 | 2 |
The World Wide Web's doors have been wide open to anyone, including children, who want to play violent shoot'em-up games or sneak-a-peak at XXX adults-only websites. But not anymore. Cyber Patrol is the Internet's latest version of an electronic nanny. The software is designed to block access to websites, particularly those which promote violence, pornography, gambling or extremist politics. Installed on a personal computer or an Internet server, it manages Internet access, provides ChatGard¨ which prevents children from divulging personal information online and has an option to limit the total time spent on the Web. Some US libraries have begun installing Cyber Patrol (www.cyber.patrol.com/) after receiving reports of patrons using library computers to view sexually explicit, graphical material on the Web. Cyber Patrol maintains two databases: a CyberYes list of 40,000 researched sites containing only appropriate material for children, and the CyberNot list of nine categories of 15,000 websites deemed by its review committee to have potentially offensive material. One category--Satanic/Cults--unfortunately includes websites of recognized religions and legitimate (but non-Christian) alternative spiritual communities. Appeals are possible, and one such banned group, AvatarSearch (AvatarSearch.com), has developed the AvatarPatrol software which checks if your URL has been mistakenly banned by Cyber Patrol's censors.
The people at Webside Story are now offering a free web page statistics service that provides a simple, easy way to monitor the outreach of your website. Here you can view hourly, daily and weekly visitor statistics on yours and over 8,900 website links in thirty-eight categories, ranging from advertising to Web resources. We were surprised to find that the religion section, touted to be the top 1,000, doesn't represent the world's major religions. Christian sites are predominant, and a Hindu presence is conspicuously absent. Among the 252 home pages not one Hindu website was listed. Undaunted, we added Hinduism Today to the list, and several days later HT was ranking near the top, #20 in the average number of daily visitors--just one above Vatican.org. Have your Hindu website counted among religion's best at wss5.websidestory.com/world.html
In conjunction with the national council of Science Museums, Intel established in 1996 two state-of-the-art multimedia labs called Intel Cyberskool in New Delhi and Mumbai. The labs give school children, teachers and parents easy access to Pentium-processor based multimedia computers, educational software and the Internet. The Intel Cyberskool at the National Science Centre, New Delhi, has provided over 25,000 students with hands-on exposure to multimedia computers. Intel is also working with the JIVA Institute, ERNET (Education Research Netware) and other organizations to help schools purchase total computing solutions at subsidized prices.
Come one foot towards me. I will come a thousand feet towards you" beckons Sri Karunamayi's new home page. A few minutes at Amma's web-ashram immediately transports you into a mood of cyber-pilgrimage as you follow her biographical history of intense sadhana and service. Sri Karunamayi is truly one of Hinduism's Web missionaries. Her site is a virtual mini-catechism with inspired talks on character building, meditation and the do's and don'ts of Hinduism. Amma's quotations are some of the Web's best, and devotees can subscribe to her quarterly magazine and download her photos. Back in the real world, follow Amma on her world tours using online calendars and maps. (globeworks.com/karunamayi/karuna2.htm) | <urn:uuid:32fd8474-9433-4dc8-87e5-a2f9cdebf1f1> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://hinduismtoday.com/modules/smartsection/print.php?itemid=4984 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368697974692/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516095254-00030-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.923905 | 769 | 1.960938 | 2 |
Google came out with its own laptop computer last week, but critics quickly blasted its hefty price tag of $1,299 to $1,449.
Though the Chromebook Pixel is far from being the only computer to cost that much, other laptops in the price range offer far more capabilities. It also has a big drawback; user's can't install software. Instead, all programs run in the cloud and users have to access them through the Google Chrome Web browser.
For many, the hefty price tag and the limited capabilities are two key factors against buying the laptop.
But for at least one small group of Google Drive cloud-based storage service users, buying the laptop could mean a savings of $500.
With the purchase of the Chromebook Pixel, Google includes 1 terabyte, or 1,000 gigabytes, of storage in the cloud for three years.
Currently, Google offers that much cloud storage through its Google Drive service at a price of $50 per month.
That means existing Google Drive users that pay for 1 TB of storage per month would pay $1,800 over the course of three years.
But if they were to buy the $1,299 laptop, they would have the same storage for three years for free, saving them $500.
Of course, users can save a lot more if they were willing to give up the convenience of a cloud service and just buy a $65 1 TB Toshiba external hard drive. | <urn:uuid:3ae439b2-fdbf-4880-b38c-23aeecd43aab> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.courant.com/business/technology/la-fi-tn-chromebook-pixel-existing-google-drive-1-tb-20130225,0,6031753.story | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368708766848/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516125246-00041-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.956656 | 294 | 1.820313 | 2 |
(A) It is the duty of any judge of elections , whenever any judge of elections doubts that a person attempting to vote at a primary election is legally entitled to vote at that election, to challenge the right of that person to vote. The right of a person to vote at a primary election may be challenged upon the following grounds:
(1) That the person whose right to vote is challenged is not a legally qualified elector;
(2) That the person has received or has been promised some valuable reward or consideration for the person's vote;
(3) That the person is not affiliated with or is not a member of the political party whose ballot the person desires to vote. Such party affiliation shall be determined by examining the elector's voting record for the current year and the immediately preceding two calendar years as shown on the voter's registration card, using the standards of affiliation specified in the seventh paragraph of section 3513.05 of the Revised Code. Division (A)(3) of this section and the seventh paragraph of section 3513.05 of the Revised Code do not prohibit a person who holds an elective office for which candidates are nominated at a party primary election from doing any of the following:
(a) If the person voted as a member of a different political party at any primary election within the current year and the immediately preceding two calendar years, being a candidate for nomination at a party primary held during the times specified in division (C)(2) of section 3513.191 of the Revised Code provided that the person complies with the requirements of that section;
(b) Circulating the person's own petition of candidacy for party nomination in the primary election.
(B) When the right of a person to vote is challenged upon the ground set forth in division (A)(3) of this section, membership in or political affiliation with a political party shall be determined by the person's statement, made under penalty of election falsification, that the person desires to be affiliated with and supports the principles of the political party whose primary ballot the person desires to vote.
Amended by 129th General AssemblyFile No.105,SB 295, §1, eff. 8/15/2012.
Amended by 129th General AssemblyFile No.40,HB 194, §1 Made subject to referendum in the Nov. 6, 2012 election. The version of this section thus amended was repealed by 129th General AssemblyFile No.105,SB 295, §1, eff. 8/15/2012.
Effective Date: 08-22-1995; 05-02-2006 | <urn:uuid:5f9dbc46-d417-4328-aa97-33564ff0bc3c> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://codes.ohio.gov/orc/3513.19 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368705953421/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516120553-00048-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.951645 | 528 | 1.617188 | 2 |
Objects provide a window into all aspects of culture. We can take an object and explore who makes it, what material they used, and how they got it and processed it. We can look at its history and examine what tools and techniques a person used for making it. We can learn about the people who make it and the significance of object to them and their community. For example, we can follow its use in religious, social, or commercial life in a community. We can ask how has it changed over time and why? We can appreciate its beauty.
In the Colombia program, the relationship between the natural and cultural landscape played a central role. In this series of “Spot Lights,” we approach this relationship through the object. For example, tagua crafts, costuming for carnival, and coffee beans help us explore links between natural environment, history, occupations, traditional knowledge, and cultural practices.
Interpreting music on stage...more
Framing dance performance...more
From Seed to a Good Cup of Coffeemore
Molding the Clay: Ceramics in Colombiamore | <urn:uuid:a00efdaa-67b2-41ef-a300-0a7eb0fdbc6d> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.festival.si.edu/2011/Colombia/presenting_interpreting_culture/spotlights.aspx | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368696382584/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516092622-00049-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.951291 | 226 | 3.609375 | 4 |
The Nobel Prize in Physics 1997
Steven Chu, Claude Cohen-Tannoudji, William D. Phillips
15 October 1997
Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences has decided to award the
1997 Nobel Prize in Physics jointly to
Professor Steven Chu, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA,
Professor Claude Cohen-Tannoudji, Collège de France and École Normale Supérieure, Paris, France, and
Dr. William D. Phillips, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA,
for development of methods to cool and trap atoms with laser light.
Atoms floating in optical molasses
At room temperature the atoms and molecules of which the air consists move in different directions at a speed of about 4,000 km/hr. It is hard to study these atoms and molecules because they disappear all too quickly from the area being observed. By lowering the temperature one can reduce the speed, but the problem is that when gases are cooled down they normally first condense into liquids and then freeze into a solid form. In liquids and solid bodies, study is made more difficult by the fact that single atoms and molecules get too close to one another. If, however, the process takes place in a vacuum the density can be kept low enough to avoid condensation and freezing. But even a temperature as low as -270°C involves speeds of about 400 km/hr. Only as one approaches absolute zero (-273°C) does the speed fall greatly. When the temperature is one-millionth of a degree from this point (termed 1 µK, microkelvin) free hydrogen atoms, for example, move at speeds of less than 1 km/hr (= 25 cm/s).
Steven Chu, Claude Cohen-Tannoudji, and William D. Phillips have developed methods of using laser light to cool gases to the µK temperature range and keeping the chilled atoms floating or captured in different kinds of "atom traps". The laser light functions as a thick liquid, dubbed optical molasses, in which the atoms are slowed down. Individual atoms can be studied there with very great accuracy and their inner structure can be determined. As more and more atoms are captured in the same volume a thin gas forms, and its properties can be studied in detail. The new methods of investigation that the Nobel Laureates have developed have contributed greatly to increasing our knowledge of the interplay between radiation and matter. In particular, they have opened the way to a deeper understanding of the quantum-physical behaviour of gases at low temperatures. The methods may lead to the design of more precise atomic clocks for use in, e.g., space navigation and accurate determination of position. A start has also been made on the design of atomic interferometers with which, e.g., very precise measurements of gravitational forces can be made, and atomic lasers, which may be used in the future to manufacture very small electronic components.
Slowing down atoms with
Light may be described as a stream of particles, photons. Photons have no mass in the normal sense but, just like a curling stone sliding along the ice they have a certain momentum. A curling stone that collides with an identical stone can transfer all its momentum (mass times velocity) to that stone and itself become stationary. Similarly, a photon that collides with an atom can transfer all its momentum to that atom. For this to happen the photon must have the right energy, which is the same as saying that the light must have the right frequency, or colour. This is because the energy of the photon is proportional to the frequency of the light, which in turn determines the latter´s colour. Thus red light consists of photons with lower energy than those of blue light.
What determines the right energy for photons to be able to affect atoms is the inner structure (energy levels) of the atoms. If an atom moves the conditions change because of what is termed the Doppler effect - the same effect that gives a train whistle a higher pitch when the train is approaching than when it is standing still. If the atom is moving towards the light, the light must have a lower frequency than that required for a stationary atom if it is to be "heard" by the atom. Assume that the atom is moving in the opposite direction of the light at a considerable speed and is struck by a stream of photons. If the photons have the right energy the atom will be able to absorb one of them and take over its energy and its momentum. The atom will then be slowed down somewhat. After an extremely short time, normally around a hundred-millionth of a second, the retarded atom emits a photon. The atom can now immediately absorb a new photon from the oncoming stream. The emitted photon also has a momentum, which gives the atom a certain small recoil velocity. But the direction of the recoil varies at random, so that after many absorptions and emissions the speed of the atom has diminished considerably. To slow down an atom an intensive laser beam is needed. Under the right conditions effects can be achieved with a strength corresponding to what would be seen if a ball was thrown upwards from the surface of a planet with a gravity 100,000 times the Earth´s.
Doppler cooling and optical
The slowing down effect described above forms the basis for a powerful method of cooling atoms with laser light. The method was developed around 1985 by Steven Chu and his co-workers at the Bell Laboratories in Holmdel, New Jersey. They used six laser beams opposed in pairs and arranged in three directions at right angles to each other. Sodium atoms from a beam in vacuum were first stopped by an opposed laser beam and then conducted to the intersection of the six cooling laser beams. The light in all six laser beams was slightly red-shifted compared with the characteristic colour absorbed by a stationary sodium atom. The effect was that whichever direction the sodium atoms tried to move they were met by photons of the right energy and pushed back into the area where the six laser beams intersected. At that point there formed what to the naked eye looked like a glowing cloud the size of a pea, consisting of about a million chilled atoms. This type of cooling was named Doppler cooling.
At the intersection of the laser beams, atoms move as in thick liquid, and the name optical molasses was coined. To calculate the temperature of the atoms cooled in the optical molasses the lasers were switched off. It was found that the temperature was about 240 µK. This corresponds to a sodium atom speed of about 30 cm/s, and agreed very well with a theoretically calculated temperature - the Doppler limit - then considered the lowest temperature that could be reached with Doppler cooling.
The atoms in the above experiment are cooled, but not captured. Gravity causes them to fall out of the optical molasses in about one second. To really capture atoms, a trap is required, and a highly efficient one was constructed in 1987. It was called a magneto-optical trap (MOT). It uses six laser beams in the same sort of array as in the experiment described above, but has in addition two magnetic coils that give a slightly varying magnetic field with a minimum in the area where the beams intersect. Since the magnetic field affects the atoms´ characteristic energy levels (the Zeeman effect) a force will develop which is greater than gravity and which therefore draws the atoms in to the middle of the trap. The atoms are now really caught, and can be studied or used for experiments.
Doppler limit broken
Magnetic fields had already been used at the beginning of the 1980s by William D. Phillips and his co-workers in a method of slowing down and completely stopping atoms in slow atomic beams. Phillips had developed what was termed a Zeeman slower, a coil with a varying magnetic field, along the axis of which atoms could be retarded by an opposed laser beam. With his device Phillips had in 1985 stopped and captured sodium atoms in a purely magnetic trap. Enclosure in this trap, however, is relatively weak, for which reason the atoms within it must be extremely cold to remain inside. When Chu managed to cool atoms in optical molasses Phillips designed a similar experiment and started a systematic study of the temperature of the atoms in the molasses. He developed several new methods of measuring the temperature, including one in which the atoms are allowed to fall under the influence of gravity, the curve of their fall being determined with the help of a measuring laser.
Phillips found in 1988 that a temperature as low as 40µK could be attained. This value was six times lower than the theoretically calculated Doppler limit! It turned out that the Doppler limit had been calculated for a simplified model atom that had previously been considered sufficiently realistic. However, Claude Cohen-Tannoudji and his co-workers at the École Normale Supérieure in Paris had already in theoretical works studied more complicated cooling schemes. The explanation of Phillips´ result lay in the structure of the lowest energy levels of the sodium atom. What happens can be likened to Sisyphus´ endlessly rolling his stone up the slope, but in this case finding that the slope beyond the crest is also an uphill one. The comparison has led to the process being termed Sisyphus cooling.
The recoil velocity an atom gains when it emits a single photon corresponds to a temperature termed the recoil limit. For sodium atoms the recoil limit is 2.4 µK and for the somewhat heavier cesium atoms about 0.2 µK. In collaboration with Cohen-Tannoudji and his Paris colleagues Phillips showed that cesium atoms could be cooled in optical molasses to about ten times the recoil limit, i.e. to about 2 µK. It first appeared that in optical molasses it was generally possible to reach temperatures only about ten times higher than the recoil limit. In a later development both Phillips and the Paris group have showed that with suitable laser settings it is possible to trap the atoms so that they group at regular intervals in space, forming what is termed an optical lattice. The atom groupings in the lattice occur at distances of one light wavelength from each other. Atoms in an optical lattice can, as has been shown, be cooled to about five times higher temperature than the recoil limit.
Recoil limit also broken
The reason why the recoil velocity an atom obtains from a single photon sets a limit to both Doppler cooling and Sisyphus cooling is that even the slowest atoms are continually being forced to absorb and emit photons. These processes give the atom a small but not negligible speed and hence the gas has a temperature. If the slowest atoms could be made to neglect all the photons in the optical molasses, perhaps lower temperatures could be reached. One mechanism through which a stationary atom can be caused to assume a "dark" state in which it does not absorb photons, was known. But a difficulty was to combine this method with laser cooling.
Claude Cohen-Tannoudji and his group between 1988 and 1995 developed a method based on use of the Doppler effect and which converts the slowest atoms to a dark state. He and his colleagues showed that the method functions in one, two and three dimensions. All his experiments use helium atoms, for which the recoil limit is 4 µK. In the first experiment two opposed laser beams were used and a one-dimensional velocity distribution was achieved which corresponded to half the recoil limit temperature. With four laser beams a two-dimensional velocity distribution was achieved, corresponding to a temperature of 0.25 µK, sixteen times lower than the recoil limit. Finally with six laser beams a state was attained in which the whole velocity distribution corresponded to a temperature of 0.18 µK. Under these conditions helium atoms crawl along at a speed of only about 2 cm/s!
Applications just round the
Intensive development is in progress concerning laser cooling and the capture of neutral atoms. Among other things, Chu has constructed an atomic fountain, in which laser-cooled atoms are sprayed up from a trap like jets of water. When the atoms turn at the top of their trajectory and start falling again, they are almost stationary. There they are exposed to microwave pulses that sense the atoms´ inner structure. With this technique it is believed that it will be possible to build atomic clocks with a hundredfold greater precision than at present. The technique rewarded this year also forms the basis for the discovery of Bose-Einstein condensation in atomic gases, a phenomenon that has attracted great interest.
|Additional background material on the Nobel Prize in Physics 1997, The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences.|
|Cooling and Trapping Atoms, by W.D. Phillips and H.J. Metcalf, Scientific American, March 1987, p. 36.|
|New Mechanisms for Laser Cooling, by C.N. Cohen-Tannoudji and W.D. Phillips, Physics Today, October 1990, p. 33.|
|Laser Trapping of Neutral Particles, by S. Chu, Scientific American, February 1992, p. 71.|
|Experimenters Cool Helium below Single-Photon Recoil Limit in Three Dimensions, by G.B. Lubkin, Physics Today, January 1996, p. 22.|
Steven Chu was born 1948 in St.
Louis, Missouri, USA. American citizen. Doctoral degree in
physics 1976 at the University of California, Berkeley. Theodore
and Frances Geballe Professor of Humanities and Sciences at
Stanford University 1990. Among other awards Chu received the
1993 King Faisal International Prize for Science (Physics) for
development of the technique of laser-cooling and trapping
Professor Steven Chu
Stanford, CA 94305
Claude Cohen-Tannoudji was born 1933
in Constantine, Algeria. French citizen. Doctoral degree in
physics 1962 at the École Normale Supérieure in Paris.
Professor at the Collège de France 1973. Member of, among
other institutions, the Acadèmie des Sciences (Paris). Among
many prizes and distinctions Cohen-Tannoudji received the 1996
Quantum Electronics Prize (European Physical Society) for, among
other things, his pioneering experiments on laser cooling and the
trapping of atoms.
Professor Claude Cohen-Tannoudji
Laboratoire de Physique de École Normale Supérieure
24, Rue Lhomond
F-75231 Paris Cedex 05
William D. Phillips was born 1948 in
Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania, USA. American citizen. Doctoral
degree in physics in 1976 at the Massachusetts Institute of
Technology, Cambridge, USA. Among other awards Phillips has
received the 1996 Albert A. Michelson Medal (Franklin Institute)
for his experimental demonstrations of laser cooling and atom
Dr. William D. Phillips
National Institute of Standards and Technology
Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA
MLA style: "Press Release: The 1997 Nobel Prize in Physics". Nobelprize.org. 26 May 2013 http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1997/press.html | <urn:uuid:353fa504-dea3-4731-a2fe-01fa746a3664> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1997/press.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368706499548/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516121459-00008-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.947213 | 3,140 | 3.28125 | 3 |
Establish your presence on the web
DetailsCreated on Monday, 16 April 2012 00:35 Written by Shannon Laur Hits: 1132
As college students, we all know how to use the Internet and social media sites to communicate with friends, but some Kent State professors are teaching students how it can help with their careers after college. Their message: The Internet can be a vital tool to network with professionals.
“The first thing that I like to get people to recognize is that social media breaks down the degrees of separation,” said Bill Sledzik, associate professor for the school of journalism and mass communication. “There has been some research that, online, there [are] only four degrees of separation between you and anyone else on the earth, rather than six without the Internet.”
The ability to connect with professionals over the Internet makes it easier than ever to create a good first impression and put yourself ahead of the game in the job search.
Sledzik suggested following prospective employers’ social media accounts like Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn or even Pinterest.
“Twitter and LinkedIn have shown they have staying power,” Sledzik said. “Is Pinterest going to matter? Well, if I am trying to target someone I am going to do some research and see if that person uses Pinterest, and I can find ways to see what we have in common and how we can connect.”
Sledzik recommended creating a brand for yourself on social media sites. He said it is all about staying authentic and showing who you are in a safe way. He suggested taking risks like communicating with professionals and showing who you are, without hurting your reputation.
Michele Ewing, associate professor for the school of journalism and mass communication, also stressed the importance of creating an online brand. She encouraged students to stay consistent with their brands on all sites including Twitter, LinkedIn, Facebook or blogs.
“You need to think through how to gain experience and how do I show I have that experience,” Ewing said.“Before you even think about the tools to use to show your online presence, think about who you are and what is your brand. Then start gaining experience to strengthen your brand.”
Ewing said engaging with authorities through social media opens doors for young professionals. She said the next step after establishing who you are and your online presence, or your brand, is to do some research on what kind of professionals are working in the area. She said the Internet and social media sites are a good way to build contacts.
Sledzik and Ewing both agreed that although there are positive aspects about selling your brand and image on social media websites, there are some negatives.
“Employers check your social media footprint,” Sledzik said. “If you’re smart and you’ve done it right, they can’t get into your Facebook page. But, they can see what you’ve posted on blogs, they can see what you’ve tweeted, but social media is all about being authentic. People can connect to you, the real you.”
Sledzik said he generally encourages people to “reserve Facebook for the people you really know.” He said to remember what you put on a website like Facebook is what you are telling the world about you. He pointed out something as simple as a profile picture on Facebook can really show who you are, and not necessarily in a positive way.
“For most people, I can see their profile picture,” Sledzik said. “Most people on Facebook leave something you can see. They don’t hide everything, and a profile picture can speak volumes.”
Ewing agreed with Sledzik and said she believes Facebook is more for personal use. Think about how your Facebook profile may reflect on you as an employee before adding a future employer. Ewing said to remember who you are friends with on Facebook, and what they may be adding about you. She said to position yourself on Facebook, and all social media sites, in a positive light.
Ewing said if you have messed up in the past on social media sites, whether it is posting inappropriate pictures or comments, you can clean it up.
“If you’ve made some mistakes, clean it up,” Ewing said. “Be prepared for questions during an interview. My best advice to anyone is to tell the truth and own up to it. Recognize you’ve made a mistake, and in hindsight it probably wasn’t the most intelligent decision you’ve made.” | <urn:uuid:94601024-ce0a-402b-ba2b-48b5487ab334> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://kentwired.com/establish-your-presence-on-the-web | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368697380733/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516094300-00072-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.956944 | 963 | 2.34375 | 2 |
The moratorium's chief backer, Sen. Charles McIlhinney (R., Bucks), says it was necessary in light of a new scientific study on the potential natural gas locked in the so-called South Newark Basin, which underlies parts of Montgomery, Bucks, Chester, and Berks Counties. "We need to find out where it is and how much is there before drilling," McIlhinney said.
The moratorium's critics blame science, too - political science.
They contend McIlhinney and other Bucks County legislators carved out a special status for their home turf to pacify angry constituents in case drillers come calling with their rigs. This while other locales across the state with real drilling concerns have to abide by Pennsylvania's new law, known as Act 13, which impose fees on drillers in the gas-rich Marcellus Shale but takes away local zoning controls over drilling.
"What makes Bucks and Montgomery so special?" asked State Rep. Jesse White (D., Washington), whose southwestern district is dotted with drilling rigs.
Even the Corbett administration, which signed off on the moratorium, acknowledged there was little immediate need for it. Patrick Henderson, Corbett's energy executive, said the vast gas reserves in the Marcellus Shale, along with the infrastructure already in place in Western Pennsylvania, makes drilling there much more attractive for the time being.
Henderson, principal architect of the administration's energy policies, told The Inquirer last week, "I don't think anyone is falling over themselves to develop the South Newark Basin over the Marcellus Shale."
South Newark what?
Most legislators first heard about the moratorium language - and the South Newark Basin, for that matter - when they were knee-deep in negotiations with Corbett and his aides over the $27.65 billion budget, as well as the related bills needed to deliver an annual budget on time.
One of those bills, the fiscal code, gives detailed guidance on how state dollars are to be spent. Every year, legislators make myriad changes in it to reflect new needs; this year, the changes alone took up 56 pages.
It was in there that the moratorium language, seven paragraphs in all, was tucked.
Those paragraphs said the state can't issue drilling permits for the South Newark Basin until 2018, or until the state Department of Conservation and Natural Resources completes an impact study; and until the legislature lays out provisions for a local-impact fee.
McIlhinney contends that swift action on the measure was needed because a study by the U.S. Geological Survey, released in late June, detailed the area's drilling potential for the first time. The study estimated that the South Newark Basin may contain 876 billion cubic feet of natural gas.
While that is a fraction of the estimated 141 trillion cubic feet of gas contained in the Marcellus Shale, the moratorium's defenders see the possibility of a new drilling frontier, exposing their heavily suburban counties to a rush of rigs in a few years.
Even before the study, McIlhinney and Senate GOP leaders said, a moratorium had been in the works. He said he announced his intentions in April at a constituents' forum in Bucks County.
"This had been weeks in development, if not months," said Drew Crompton, counsel and chief of staff to Senate President Pro Tempore Joe Scarnati (R., Jefferson). "We were talking about this issue because there was a unique set of circumstances in the southeast."
Those circumstances have to do with Act 13, otherwise known as the Marcellus Shale law, enacted in February with strong Republican support. It allows counties hosting natural gas wells to decide whether to impose a fee on drillers - but also limits municipalities' ability to use zoning or other rules to limit where drillers can drill.
There was angst over Act 13's zoning language at both ends of the state. Two Bucks County municipalities, Nockamixon and Yardley Borough, have joined in a suit with Pittsburgh-area communities challenging that part of the law.
People in Bucks were still fuming at the April meeting where McIlhinney said he announced his intentions for a moratorium. Things got so loud that he and other elected officials there could barely get a word in.
Some in the crowd felt they had been sold a bill of goods - that they had been assured Act 13 wouldn't apply to their communities. According to news reports of the meeting, McIlhinney, too, said he had believed that when he voted for Act 13. He promised to get the law amended so that it wouldn't apply outside Marcellus Shale areas.
Defending the moratorium to Senate colleagues late last month, McIlhinney reiterated that he had been unaware of Act 13's reach.
"People knew full well what the heck they were voting on," raged Sen. Jim Ferlo (D., Allegheny). ". . . The fact of the matter is it became a political hot potato for a couple of colleagues from a couple of counties. Now they're coming here with their tail between their legs and seeking some relief."
The moratorium's route into law was controversial in its own right. Remember the 11 p.m. cutoff for legislative debate? That rule was enacted after public fury over legislators' 2005 wee-hours vote to raise their own pay. But rules can be overridden - and that's what state senators did on the night of June 30.
Even as Corbett and others were gathering in the Capitol Rotunda at 11:45 p.m. to sign the main budget bill, the sound of debate on the fiscal code - moratorium and all - could be heard from the Senate chamber up a marble staircase.
Some lawmakers gripe that the process went against promises the legislature had made to clean up its way of doing business: no last-minute deals; no debate deep into the night; no measures passed without thorough deliberation. White called it the "Bucks backroom deal."
Notwithstanding the political back-and-forth, it's not clear just how much the moratorium will affect future drilling in the area. Bucks and Montgomery Counties are already protected by a separate moratorium - put in place in 2009 by the Delaware River Basin Commission, the interstate agency that oversees water issues in the river basin.
And only one driller, Butler-based Turm Oil, is now seeking a permit to drill in the South Newark Basin, said Kevin Sunday, spokesman for the state Department of Environmental Protection. By comparison, thousands of wells have been drilled in the Marcellus Shale formation.
For his part, McIlhinney says there's no guarantee that the Delaware River Basin Commission's moratorium will endure. He said elected officials must stand up for constituents. "If they [legislators] did something that benefited their constituents, that's their job," McIlhinney said. "And good for them."
Contact Angela Couloumbis at 717-787-5934 or firstname.lastname@example.org, or follow on Twitter @AngelasInk. | <urn:uuid:97a2c8b9-bd49-4f73-9f1f-d43244a32f2c> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://articles.philly.com/2012-07-11/news/32619938_1_south-newark-basin-drilling-for-natural-gas-charles-mcilhinney | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368705559639/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516115919-00007-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.968887 | 1,452 | 1.789063 | 2 |
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If you would like to discuss any ideas to see if they are feasible or cost effective to your needs please get in touch.
View Illustration Samples. | <urn:uuid:99385b05-d763-47d9-963f-191494bde1e6> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.eyetooth-art.co.uk/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368709037764/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516125717-00052-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.948695 | 238 | 1.804688 | 2 |
Tri States Public Radio Staff
Plan Clears Another Legislative Hurdle
Wed April 25, 2012
Illinois Committee Endorses New Math Standard
An Illinois House education panel okayed a plan that would change math standards for middle and high school students.
The measure was developed by Democratic Lieutenant Governor Sheila Simon. It would require the State Board of Education to develop a curriculum that includes an extra year of math in high schools. Currently only three years are required by the state, though many schools already require four years.
Simon has visited each of the state's 48 community colleges and said she repeatedly heard students lacked math skills.
"Students are arriving at community colleges not ready to do college level math. Consistent with that, employers, and manufacturing employers in particular, are saying that graduates of high schools are not ready for career-level math," she said.
Simon said it's important for school districts to maintain local control so the new math standards would be an option rather than a mandate.
The measure now goes to the full House. It's already been approved by the Senate.
Thanks to Illinois Public Radio | <urn:uuid:ccfdd731-c2c7-4a7b-b455-fd08bea0f8bf> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.tristatesradio.com/post/illinois-committee-endorses-new-math-standard | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368698924319/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516100844-00052-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.972899 | 226 | 1.859375 | 2 |
Sat Feb 09, 2013 11:07 am
Sun Feb 10, 2013 3:58 am
Spiritinthesky wrote:9th Feb 1981, American singer Bill Haley was found dead, fully clothed on his bed at his home in Harlington, Texas from a heart attack, Haley had sold over 60 million records during his career. Scored the 1955 UK & US No.1 single 'Rock Around The Clock', and became known as the first Rock 'n' Roll star. Haley was blinded in his left eye as a child due to a botched operation and later adopted his distinctive spit-curl hairstyle to distract attention from his blind eye.
More: http://www.thisdayinmusic.com/pages/roc ... _the_clock
Mon Feb 11, 2013 11:05 pm
Hosted by ElviCities | <urn:uuid:7a40d1c3-636c-4b91-a2cf-2932eacbe1c1> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.elvis-collectors.com/forum/viewtopic.php?f=65&t=75027 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368699881956/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516102441-00053-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.988015 | 172 | 1.632813 | 2 |
Consumerism, Economics, Global Warming/Climate Change, Nuclear, Society, Soil Erosion & Contamination, Water Contaminaton & Loss, peak oil — by Craig Mackintosh PRI Editor March 24, 2011
Given recent events in Japan, I wanted to broach the somewhat controversial topic of nuclear fission power plants, and the following video (thanks Thomas) — making the Fukushima nuclear situation a little easier for even little Japanese children to comprehend — makes a good lead-in to the topic.
At time of writing, water and food options are shrinking for residents of Tokyo and elsewhere in Japan, whilst the short, medium and long term consequences of this nuclear incident are a topic of much speculation. My heart goes out to the people of Japan, and particularly those in the Fukushima Prefecture.
There are several schools of thought on nuclear. Here’s a sampling. You may wish to add others:
- "Let’s just do it!" Often said by those seeking the contract to design, build and manage the station, these conveniently don’t mention that their projections for total cost are normally half or a third or less of ultimate actual costs. Historically they are always over budget, and often significantly so. The same is true of time frames to build — normally much longer than initially outlined. It is said that no nuclear power station anywhere has come even close to being on time and within budget.
- "Let’s not do it!" This comes from a several quarters — not just environmentalists, but also lobbyists for other power systems (from coal to solar and wind, etc.).
- "Let’s do it, but very, very carefully!" There are a decent number of, I admit, realists amongst this group — including environmentalists like George Monbiot (see here and here for example). While I often run George’s pieces on this site, I can’t bring myself to do so, however, on this topic, for reasons I’ll explain shortly.
Now, I want to list a few of the main reasons for and against nuclear fission. Again, you may wish to add others:
- With nuclear we don’t need to burn trees — whether fossilised or living — to heat and light our homes, and… er… run our gadgets (although, we may need to dig up some forest and grassland here and there to access uranium deposits).
- 1kg of uranium can produce more energy than 200 barrels of oil.
- Small footprint for power plant, comparing area:energy ratio.
- All of the above means less CO2 release, and also less destruction of CO2 sinks (forests).
- Historically proven to be safer, to date. If you add deaths, casualties, shorter life spans and birth defects from nuclear accidents, nuclear has, so far, proven to be far safer. Add all the deaths from fossil fuel (coal, oil, gas) mining and distribution (mine collapses, explosions) and add in all the deaths, cancers and shorter life spans caused by particulate emissions and runoff (mercury, arsenic, uranium, etc.), and there’s really no comparison.
- Steady, reliable source of electricity — unlike wind and solar in particular, which fluctuate greatly, and increasingly more dependable than power from peaking supplies of oil and gas.
- Peak uranium is (arguably) likely to occur after peak oil and gas (PDF) and coal.
- Once built, the typical fission power plant’s life span is 40 to 60 years.
- Centralised power source. Unlike localised energy systems, where you become acutely aware of every kW produced and therefore every kW used (and so incentivises a frugal mindset and lifestyle), with centralised systems (be they nuclear, coal, gas or large scale wind and solar systems) when you flick the switch you are totally detached from any understanding of what it takes to support that flow of electrons. This results in profligate, unconscious, guilt-mollifying wastage. In short, we stick with the live-how-you-want-damned-the-consequences-as-technology-will-save-us mindset.
- Very expensive to build, and with long time frames to do so — often more than a decade. With energy issues becoming acute today, the lights may well go out before we get new plants completed. More, those with a lucid understanding of the economic implications of peak oil will wonder how such costs can ever be met given present and impending financial circumstances. Without a rapid, holistic rework of our invisible social infrastructure (politics, economics) and the land and resource ‘management’ they incentivise, you could say we’re heading into economic armageddon. It seems unrealistic to begin mega-expensive ‘think big’ style energy projects which may never get completed, and that snatch funding from more sustainable, localised, decentralised options and the education that should go with these.
- Potential for proliferation of nuclear weapons. This, in the words of Monty Python, "goes without saying."
- Terrorist attacks on nuclear power stations.
- Cost cutting and the incompetence that can result.
- Difficulty in sourcing necessary technical expertise to build and maintain. Most of the world’s fission power plants were built decades ago, and many are due, or are soon due, for decommissioning. (Considering the above-mentioned economic situation we’re in, you can be forgiven for shouting cynically: "What excellent timing!") There’s now a definite deficiency in competent engineers to meet the scale of construction that many deem necessary to meet future demands for power. This can translate to increased likelihood of potentially dangerous errors.
- Nuclear is not without its own CO2 implications (PDF).
- Nuclear’s EROEI (Energy Returned on Energy Invested) is decreasing already, as the low hanging fruit of high grade uranium is disappearing, and we’re using more fossil fuels to source and process lower and lower grade deposits. Whilst it appears we have enough uranium for the time being, if we don’t go overboard in building new plants, if current calls for widespread builds of new fission plants get the thumbs up, it’s quite possible that many of these plants would later have no economically viable material available to them — with this perhaps occuring long before the expected expiration date of the plant.
- High cost of decommissioning. Closing up shop (prematurely or otherwise) is a problem compounded by the fact that the original people profiting from construction decades earlier are usually not there to make good on their promises. Nuclear liabilities funds, which set aside money for later decommissioning, also usually seriously underestimate costs (PDF), just as the industry does for construction. Many such funds are inadequate (PDF) and lead to bailouts not unlike those of banking exec’s and other corporate captains, and — also not unlike those bailout scenarios — can see rather inappropriate bonuses paid to industry staff regardless.
- The "I want one too" reality. Every country and his dog will want one. That means all those who before hungered for an American lifestyle, and sought the oil that grants it, will now be seeking to build budget nuclear power stations instead. Think about countries that had cheap energy, but are seeing rapid declines — won’t they all want to make the nuclear switch if they possibly can? Won’t the goalposts for what a ’safe’ power plant looks like constantly move to accommodate the growing citizen demand for energy and to avoid the social unrest that will result if they don’t get it?
- Oh, and, ah — what to do with the waste…? I think I’ll devote closing passages to this one….
In the end I come down to moral dilemmas. I can well understand the sincere arguments that we must go nuclear. China, for example, has put its nuclear plans on hold this month due to the situation in Japan. Their alternative is to continue with their 1-2 new coal fired power plants per-week scenario, with devastating consequences for the people and place of China and the world at large. What will our world look like in 2080, or 2050, or even 2020 if we keep this up?
On the flipside, by going nuclear, we’re also ‘gifting’ subsequent generations with waste that needs to be taken care of for, potentially, hundreds of years, or longer.
To put this into terms we can all understand, I’ll invent an analogy to illustrate.
Let’s say you and your partner are expecting, with child. Now let’s say you want to build a home for your little family, but don’t have the collateral to take out a mortgage to build it. What about this proposition: you can take out a mortgage on your child’s future labour value. In other words, when your child reaches maturity, in return for giving him/her life and a home, he/she is obligated to begin to repay your debt (in addition, of course, to any debts your child may generate over the course of his/her own life). In this scenario though, the repayments may need to be kept up for not only your child’s lifetime, but that of generations beyond as well — i.e. you’re taking out a mortgage on your great-grandchildren’s labour value, and perhaps beyond.
Taking care of nuclear material is a difficult and energy intensive enterprise. You require lots of water, fossil fuel energy, and a functioning, cooperative economic climate to deal with it. What if, as is looking increasingly certain, future generations won’t have any of that? By calling for a widespread build of new nuclear fission plants, we’re not only making a highly unethical decision to lumber our descendents with our nuclear waste, we’re also making the assumption that they’ll live in a world with the time, culture, technology and resources to deal with it. Take just water as an example, set to be one of the defining problems of this century. Even just a few years ago, as Atlanta in Georgia faced a grave water shortage situation, keeping the downstream Farley nuclear power station supplied with the blue gold took priority for most outside the thirsty city.
These are challenging questions, no doubt. What will the lives of our children look like in a world devoted to nuclear? What will they look like in a world devoted to coal? Neither looks pretty to me.
When I get down to root considerations, I think the big question is: what kind of lifestyle are we really expecting to maintain into the future? Unless we get realistic about that, in arguing over power sources, aren’t we just arguing over firebrands, and burning the house down in the process? You probably expected this article to attempt to hammer home either a pro- or no-nuclear message. I hope instead to leave you seeing this deliberation is a diversion from the really important decisions that need to be made. As permaculturists, I think these decisions must begin with ethics: do we have the right to live, not only outside the means of our own labour pool, but also well outside that of future generations — future generations who will inherit a world in far worse state than we ourselves?
I see answers in biology — in nature’s perfect ability to cycle waste streams within an ultra-diverse biosphere. This means a life on the land, a life transitioning, as quickly and peacefully as possible, towards reliance on real time energy systems within communities who appreciate what it’ll mean if we fail. It’ll take design, it’ll take permaculture, and more than anything, it’ll take cooperative community interdependence.Comments (38)
38 Comments »
No comments yet. | <urn:uuid:90f8a590-0a05-4105-b7e3-e37158d647dd> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://permaculturenews.org/2011/03/24/what-to-do-with-nuclear-boy/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368698207393/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516095647-00066-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.933718 | 2,484 | 2.609375 | 3 |
8.5ha, coral reefs and sandy shores, interesting temples,
The reefs of Kusu Island are only 15 minutes from the city centre
by fast boat! More about our city reefs.
Legends of Kusu
Many legends surround the island, most referring to a magical giant
turtle turning itself into an island to save two shipwrecked sailors
- a Malay and a Chinese. It is said the grateful sailors returned
to the island to give thanks and others continued the tradition.
Before Kusu was reclaimed, some people say it looked like a turtle.
Made up of two ridges on a reef, one ridge the head, and the other
(where the hilltop is now) the back of the turtle.
Kusu, however, has since been reclaimed into an 8.5ha holiday resort.
There are now three Malay shrines or "keramats" and a Chinese
temple on Kusu Island. Nearby, the Tortoise Sanctuary houses hundreds
History of Kusu
Kusu Island was called Pulau Tembakul in the past. It used to be a
burial site of immigrants who died in quarantine on St. John's and
What to see and do?
Kusu Island is well developed today, mainly to support the steady
stream of worshippers to the shrines on the island. On the ninth month
of lunar calendar, about 130,000 people still throng the island's
Da Ba Gong Temple (or Temple of the Merchant God). The island with
its two swimming lagoons is also a popular destination for day-trippers
to enjoy the sun and sand.
Marine life of Kusu Island
Kusu is ringed by reefs with a bewildering variety of hard
corals and soft
corals. Commonly encountered animals include clown
clams and a wide variety of other fishes and crabs seldom seen
on other Southern Shores.
Let the Blue Water Volunteers show you Kusu's reefs!
The best way to see marine life on Kusu Island is to join the Blue
Water Volunteers guided reefwalk. Let these trained and experienced
volunteer guides take you on a safe trip at the best tides and show
you more of this wonderful reef.
tips for visitors
is a daily ferry from Marina South Pier currently provided by Singapore
Island Cruise, see their website for their latest charges and
You can also charter a fast work boat from Marina
South Pier. Rates will have to be negotiated with the operator
which depends on their availability and diesel prices among others.
The work boats operate 24-hours, but the booking desks at the Pier
only opens during office hours. The work boats generally service business
for ships in our harbour. These boats are not intended for leisure
trips and are not designed for comfort.
There is an admission charge of 50cents per person for those arriving
by private charter. This fee is incorporated into the ferry cost for
those taking the ferry.
Camping overnight is NOT permitted on Kusu Island.
Facilities include: Two swimming lagoons, toilets, shelters and picnic
areas. No food on sale on the island.
Kusu Pilgrimage season is held during the ninth month of the
Chinese lunar calendar. During this time, about 100,000 pilgrims make
the trip to the island. Ferry services, road access to Marina South
Pier and other regular services may be suspended and changed. Check
the Sentosa website and Maritime
Port Authority website for the latest updates nearer the event.
Public information on this will also be posted on the wildsingapore
More about preparing for a trip to the shores
More FAQs about visiting the shores
How to take photos on the shores.
articles about Kusu Island
guides and references | <urn:uuid:b6a14558-4f72-4c98-935f-d56bf8fa0e40> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.wildsingapore.com/places/kusu.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368703682988/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516112802-00060-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.919547 | 799 | 2.203125 | 2 |
A flying visit to Dovedale Junior School, in Liverpool. What a lovely bunch. Smiles all round, from teachers, children and visitors alike.
We enjoyed two sessions in the hall with over ninety children each time. This sounds like a vast amount, and it is, but, when you have so many buzzing colleagues, scribing, modelling writing, talking, sharing and generally mucking in, then that group seems to be a small sociable group.
The children responded remarkably well to the challenges we set them. They showed great humour, inventiveness and confidence, whether it was in the verbal jazz or off the cuff writing.
Anna Griffiths and Suzanne Fredson Year 4 Teachers, were kind enough to record their thoughts:
Mysterious! Fabulous! Amazing! Scary!
Just some of the words used by the children in our school to explain how they feel about MYST. Discovering new routes, observing the scenery and predicting what come next, all adds to the fantasy that is – a journey through the land of MYST. Children feel empowered by the freedom to use their imagination so wildly, and as there is no emphasis on spelling, even the less able children let theirs minds wander freely.
Talking partners, Think Pair Share and numerous other mind friendly learning strategies are incorporated into our MYST sessions, and quite simply – the results are outstanding. The children produce original and detailed writing, which sometimes excels our expectations! Something within the fantasy land draws the children in, and encourages writers of all abilities to describe and explain their feelings. It is a joy to teach, and we look forward to finding out what the next land holds in store for us…and the children of course!
Thank you to head teacher, Nik Smith, his colleagues and pupils for a really fun trip.
Category: 1) Events and Training days | <urn:uuid:a753ea74-a5c1-4501-af0e-9f1b3bf88964> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.timrylands.com/2010/07/06/dovedale-junior-school/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368699273641/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516101433-00012-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.947646 | 377 | 2.03125 | 2 |
Background on Bag End:
My name is Maddie Chambers/Brindley and this all began when I was a young child and read the Hobbit for the first time. I believe I was about 10 and I was instantly hooked. My Nanan lent me her copy of the Lord of the Rings about 1 year later and I remember thinking that the trilogy leaped into a far more complex world and one that I completely lost myself in. I have read Lord of the Rings about 20+ times now and each time it holds as much magic as the first time. When they announced that they were making a movie, I was really concerned that it would not live up to my imagination and that I would be disappointed. As it happens, a lot of it DID live up to my expectations, and when Gandalf visited Bag End in the Fellowship of the Rings, I could have cried with excitement because it was PERFECT and nearly exactly as I imagined!
Anyway I decide to take on this project as part of a college course I was doing part time when my twins boys were 1 year old. The module was called ‘the importance of play’ and we had to make a toy to hand in at the end of the term. Of course me being me, I took it to the extreme and at first I decided to make a little hill with a front door like Bag End. I used to play Warhammer and make scenery and paint the little models so the idea was to make an A4 type size model hill using my Warhammer scenery stuff (foam, static grass etc) Yes I am a geek lol.
Then I thought, well what if I made the roof removable and had a little room inside? then of course I started drawing up plans and added more rooms and then decided ‘what the hell?’ I might as well make a replica of the one from the movie and make it big enough to fit in dolls house type furniture!
I decided to make everything by hand – the frame, the garden outside, the furniture (as much as I could), the food and it has been a real labour of love and I have found something I truly enjoy doing. I have always been ‘crafty’ and enjoy painting etc, but this captures my imagination even more!
You can follow me on Twitter @maddsrocks https://twitter.com/maddsrocks
Bag End now lives in Australia with the Fortinbras Proudfoot Esq. Foundation, which supports children’s literacy. The model is available to hire and the profits go to a very good cause. http://www.facebook.com/ProudfootEsq
Lots of people have asked me how long it took to create – I have little twin boys who I looked after full time during the day (and sometimes throughout the night!!) so I worked on it a couple of hours a night or during nap times in the day. This was not an every day thing I hasten to add – I have many hobbies including electric and acoustic guitar, kickboxing, walking my 2 dogs, reading watching movies etc etc. I did work out once that if I had worked on it 9-5 with an hour for lunch it would have taken me 2-3 months!
I made this vegetable plot with nails and wire ‘twigs for the fence and I made the veg out of Fimo. The flowers are made from FlowerSoft and wire
Finally got the gate done! Fence still needs to be built and that is next on my list.
an attempt to take photo through the windows – didn’t come out very well but putting it on anyway because the fire looks all ‘homey’ lol
I got this orange top from a free gift of a weird looking doll from dolls house emporium – gave the doll away but kept the jacket so that my poor hobbits have something to wear! Hobbit clothing is on my list of things to start making!
View into living room/study from Hall
I need to hoover!!!!
All the maps and documents you see are real middle-earth maps printed onto ‘aged’ paper. The scrolls all have writing printed onto them in Bilbo’s handwriting or Elvish. I made the tiny quills from feathers and the candles out of Fimo. The rug took me a LONG time to do. I looked everywhere for one similar to the one in the movie but couldn’t find one I was happy with so in the end I used good old Microsoft Paint and drew the design myself from the rug in the movie! then printed it onto cotton and sewed the rest of the rug.
The family tree you see on the wall is the actual Baggins family tree which I made in Paint using a family tree template
I love the little statue of Frodo and Sam – these are Warhammer models given to me in 2001 by my friend Claire (thanks Lu!) I never got round to painting them and so I made them a base out of Fimo and painted them in a bronze effect. I once made Claire watch fellowship of the rings and she sat through all of it, didn’t understand much of it and thought that the hobbits were called ‘gibbons’ I will never forget that haha!!!
Thror’s map – made a frame out of wood, varnished it and put the map in it
The pictures above show the scene from the movie where Gandalf looks at Bilbo’s table and my recreation of it
Kitchen. I bought all the china plates but made all the food and ‘custom made’ the fireplace. The units were white wood unfinished when I bought them and I just varnished and filled them!
Close up of the fireplace. This was a free gift from Dolls House Emporium ( http://www.dollshouse.com/dhe/product-details.aspx?code=2845&ref=search) I re-painted it, hollowed out a hole and added logs and firebulb and then added the bricks round the outside. If I was being pedantic, it should really be curved, but I am happy with it for now till I have time to make another!
I made the table for the sink out of bits I cut off the dressers to make them fit in. My favourite bit of food I made is the string of garlic hung in the corner – well I’m pretty sure hobbits don’t like vampires anyway (it’s just me that does!)
The pantry – I installed shelves and filled full of food – I made all the food in here from Fimo.
Close up of the shelves – many thanks to Angie Scarr for her wonderful books on making food out of Fimo which provided LOADS of inspiration and instruction for me. I hadn’t used Fimo since I was a small child so it was great to learn how to make mini food as an adult!
I made all the stained glass windows from thin perspex, glass paint and glass leading
Thanks to my Mum who sent over trinkets from USA where she lives – the blue and white specked crockery and pans are american. She also sent over cans of fanta, pepsi, 7up and Dr Pepper. They are cunningly camouflaged around the kitchen and pantry as I did not really think that hobbits were into the whole fizzy drink thing!!!
If you look closely there is an ‘anniversary edition’ plate from Dolls House Emporium on this dresser from March 2009 which was the month I started the project
check out the barrel in this pic – I bought a plain wooden barrel, varnished it and added a ‘longbottom leaf’ label – and filled it with hobbit pipe weed!!!! The label is a replica of the barrel of pipe weed merry and pippin (sorry typo put sam before!) find in the extended version of the movie (flotsam and jetsam scene)
PIPE WEED close up (not sure why the papers keep calling it ale lol)
View through to the bathroom
Mum and her partner David sent this rug from USA as a thanks for talking them through formatting their laptop – that was fun over the phone!!!!!
made the fire out of stones from my back garden (and I knocked the light off with the camera which is why it is hanging down – this has now been fixed so I better update photo at some point!)
I made the towels and flannels out of my twin boys babygrows (they had grown out of them!) the soap is fimo and the bottles are beads
view into bedroom
My mum made a lovely patchwork quilt for the bed but I changed the bed and it doesn’t fit on the new bed (hint hint mum I need a new quilt love you x)
I like the painting in here – it is a painting of Rivendell and the frame was a bargain cost 20p because it was smashed into little pieces when I bought it – superglue is my friend
the castle on the shelf I bought from Miniatura show. I undercoated it in black and dry brushed in mithril silver (thankyou Games Workshop and my earlier years spent painting warhammer models)
The axes are from my Gimli doll which I bought in USA in 2000 (yes, again, I know I am a geek)
Ok well that is the end of the photos of the interior for now – please click on the link below to see how I made the hobbit house
Just wanted to explain a few things that a lot of people have commented on. First of all and possibly most importantly – of course I know the walls should be rounded. I sat for ages working out how I would do it, but I could not have had it open at the top if the walls were circular. I would probably have had to make a long thin house and some how bored big holes into the side of the hill to make the rooms and have either the back or front removable rather than the top. I eventually decided against this for 3 reasons,
1. did not have any tools to be able to cut deep holes in wood
2. Do not have the space to create something that long
3. The project had to be finished by the end of term so I only had a few months to get it into a fit state to be handed in so I took the easiest and most sensible option that I could!
I have seen Tolkien’s sketch of bag end lots of times so I know how my bag end differs:
Again, I do not have the room to fit all these rooms in. In fact even this sketch doesn’t match up with the text in the hobbit: “bedrooms, bathrooms, cellars, pantries (lots of these), wardrobes (he had whole rooms devoted to clothes), kitchens, dining rooms, all were on the same floor”
There should be kitchenS and dining roomS instead of just one each – so I figure if the person who wrote the ‘atlas of middle earth’ can use artistic license, I can too! I did try to match the hall to his sketch though and even put in a circular table like Tolkien’s picture http://bitoflight.luminousbeings.net/keepsakes/BagEnd-final-small.jpg
I based some on the movie, some on the book and some on my imagination. The food in the kitchen and pantry includes everything mentioned in The Hobbit when the dwarves and Gandalf come to visit: beer, cakes, tea, seed cake, coffee, porter, scones, red wine, raspberry jame, apple tart, mince pies, cheese, pork pie salad, eggs, cold chicken, pickles and ham. (anything you can’t see on the shelves is in the little store cupboard behind glass doors or in drawers – couldn’t fit everything on the shelves)
I really believe that I did the very best I could given my time, space and money constraints and that any piece of work based on literature is going to be very debatable because every single person on this planet has a unique imagination and what a rich, varied, beautiful planet it is because of this.
So I am glad a lot of people like my version, and sorry to anyone who thinks it doesn’t match up with the book – believe me I know my own downfalls, but I am only human and maybe one day soon I will make another version that suits you better
Link to my next project: http://madsmousehouse.wordpress.com
If you would like to see pictures of how I created the hobbit house step by step click on the link below: | <urn:uuid:b3705c65-95d4-49b9-a671-7339490338fe> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://madshobbithole.wordpress.com/tag/dolls-house/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368706153698/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516120913-00016-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.972402 | 2,662 | 1.726563 | 2 |
June 29, 2009 |
WASHINGTON: YouTube opened an online journalism training hub on Monday featuring tips from some of the top names in the business including Bob Woodward of Watergate fame. The YouTube Reporters' Center, located at youtube.com/reporterscenter, hosts a series of short video tutorials on subjects such as investigative journalism, citizen journalism, journalism ethics and how to conduct an interview. The five-minute video on investigative journalism is presented by Woodward, who along with a fellow Washington Post reporter uncovered the Watergate scandal which led to president Richard Nixon's resignation.
September 13, 2010 |
WASHINGTON: YouTube, in a move that highlights the Google-owned video-sharing site's broadcasting ambitions, launched a two-day trial on Monday of a live streaming video platform. YouTube's new live streaming platform debuted featuring material from four content partners: Howcast, Next New Networks, Rocketboom and Young Hollywood. "Based on the results of this initial test, we'll evaluate rolling out the platform more broadly to our partners worldwide," YouTube product manager Joshua Siegel and product marketing manager Christopher Hamilton said.
September 20, 2012 |
NEW DELHI: In a bid to utilise the social media for propagating government's policies and programmes, the Information and Broadcasting ministry has actively turned to the YouTube. Official sources said several important videos of important conferences, speeches and other content related to government initiatives were being uploaded on Youtube for the people to access them. "This is an initiative to bring the government's plans to the homes of the people and a detailed planning was done to launch this content.
December 22, 2012 |
LOS ANGELES: South Korean rapper Psy's hit song 'Gangnam Style' has become the first video to clock up more than one billion views on Youtube. The dance video was posted in late July and started taking off in August and by September, at which point it was being seen 7-10 million times a day, and up to 12 million on Saturdays. It has inspired hundreds of parody clips from members of the British army and Thai navy among others. Youtube's owner Google said the video had been watched seven million to 10 million times a day on average.
September 23, 2010 |
MADRID: YouTube cannot be held responsible for screening images uploaded on its site, a Spanish court said on Thursday, throwing out a case brought by a local TV channel over alleged copyright infringement. Google, which owns the video-sharing phenomenon YouTube, immediately hailed the decision as a "clear victory for the Internet. " Spanish private television channel Telecinco had accused YouTube of violating its intellectual property rights by broadcasting images that belonged to it. The court had backed Telecinco in a provisional ruling in 2008, ordering YouTube to suspend the broadcast of Telecinco videos.
April 19, 2013 |
NEW YORK: For the second time in three years, a federal judge has dismissed Viacom's $1 billion copyright lawsuit against YouTube, saying the online video site doesn't have to police itself as long as it removes infringing videos when copyright owners give notice. US District Court Judge Louis Stanton in New York ruled yesterday that Viacom never proved YouTube was aware of thousands of videos Viacom said were stolen from its TV networks such as Comedy Central and BET. Viacom Inc. said it will appeal.
December 16, 2008 |
WASHINGTON: Video of George Bush, depicting the US President ducking shoes thrown at him by an Iraqi journalist during a news conference, has become a rapidly growing YouTube sensation. The footage has taken cyberspace by storm acquiring 11 of the top 20 most-watched videos spot at the video-sharing website while also becoming a forum for anti-Bush campaigners. Various YouTube users had uploaded different versions of the video, with several videos having more than 500,000 views each, while dozens of versions topped 100,000 views.
December 18, 2009 |
SAN FRANCISCO: The year's biggest hits on the Internet's top video channel were anchored by an improbable singing sensation, a groggy boy nursing a sore mouth, a bride and groom dancing down the wedding aisle, supernatural heartthrobs and roller-skating babies. The eclectic cast of characters starring in YouTube's most-watched videos of 2009 served as a reminder of the quirky appeal of a Web site that accepts about 20 hours of new video every minute. The list released on Wednesday marks the first time that YouTube has ranked its most-watched videos in any year since its 2005 inception.
June 25, 2010 |
SAN FRANCISCO: Google-owned YouTube served up a record-high 14.6 billion online videos in May to US Internet users who, on average, watched nearly 200 videos per person, comScore said Thursday. Approximately 183 million people in the United States tuned into nearly 34 billion online videos during the month, an average of 186 videos per person, according to the industry tracking firm's Video Metrix service. Google websites, predominately YouTube, were the top online video venues, handling 43.1 percent of the viewings, comScore reported.
February 26, 2010 |
MUMBAI: Even as IPL garners an envious lineup for sponsors for the most-watched T20 event, YouTube is also looking to get some big guns on board. YouTube, world's largest online video-sharing site, has signed on HSBC as one of the lead sponsors for the live online streaming of IPL matches. Further, the sponsors who are coming on board on YouTube are being classified under Gold and Silver sponsors with brands like HP and Samsung also evaluating the potential of the medium. YouTube, in its first major sporting deal, recently acquired a two-year rights to host IPL matches live for an undisclosed sum. When contacted, a Google spokesperson confirmed that HSBC has been signed on as one of the sponsors. | <urn:uuid:2e2f6a84-872f-4a06-8ee4-86a02161e271> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/keyword/youtube/featured/5 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368701459211/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516105059-00058-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.959037 | 1,190 | 1.546875 | 2 |
The Golden Gate Bridge is a suspension bridge spanning the Golden Gate, the opening of the San Francisco Bay into the Pacific Ocean. As part of both U.S. Route 101 and California State Route 1, the structure links the city of San Francisco, on the northern tip of the San Francisco Peninsula, to Marin County. It is one of the most internationally recognized symbols of San Francisco, California, and the United States. It has been declared one of the Wonders of the Modern World by the American Society of Civil Engineers. The Frommers travel guide considers the Golden Gate Bridge "possibly the most beautiful, certainly the most photographed, bridge in the world". | <urn:uuid:ea2f064f-4a10-4aa9-adf2-4ae9fbb99a45> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.fotopedia.com/wiki/San_Francisco?project_id=VTUIXyJ_TKo&project_entry_id=VTUIXyJ_TKo | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368704392896/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516113952-00067-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.923141 | 130 | 2.109375 | 2 |
2011 Annual Report
The Natural Rate of Unemployment Remains Around 6 Percent
Our research on workers losing and gaining jobs strongly suggests that the long-term unemployment rate has not shifted permanently higher. Rather, labor markets are just adjusting more slowly because of lackluster leading economic growth and low labor market turnover.
Some people think that the unemployment rate will permanently remain as high as it has been recently, arguing that individuals are unemployed because their skills no longer meet the needs of employers looking to hire—a “mismatch” narrative. Other people think unemployment will eventually move lower as the economy continues to recover. The narrative here is that high unemployment mainly reflects the overall weak recovery. These two stories for today’s elevated unemployment rate have very different implications for monetary policy.
Which story to believe—is the labor market just structurally different than it used to be, with different skills in demand? Or is it mainly a matter of weak labor demand?
To answer these questions, economists estimate the natural rate of unemployment, compare it to the current level, and infer slack from the difference in the two rates. However, measuring the long-term trend of the unemployment rate that would occur without further shocks to the economy is not a simple task.
At the Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland, we use the fact that the unemployment rate can be expressed as a combination of the flows of workers into and out of unemployment. Using this relationship, the natural rate of unemployment is the product of long-term trends in worker turnover.
The Great Recession did significantly affect the short-term flows—job-separation rates increased, while job-finding ones did the opposite. But this has not changed our estimates of long-term trends in these flows or, thus, our view of the long-term trend in the unemployment rate. The sharp rise in flows out of unemployment and the decline in worker flows into employment are fully consistent with the depth of the recession and the gradual recovery.
In our model, the long-term job-finding rate has declined greatly over the past decade, but it has been offset by the long-term decline in the separation rate. This implies a relatively stable long-term trend in the unemployment rate. Indeed, the long-term trend in unemployment rates estimated from our model has remained between 5.5 and 6 percent over the past decade or so, even during the depths of the Great Recession.
The model interprets today’s elevated rate as temporary: It reflects the prolonged aftereffects of the deep recession that have stunted economic growth. Moreover, the model suggests that the unemployment rate should move down over time and converge to its natural rate in the long run as the effects of the shocks that led to the recession diminish.
If the natural rate of unemployment has not risen, why has the labor market recovery been so sluggish?
First, the pace of job turnover has been slowing. A more dynamic labor market speeds up the adjustment process, moving the economy forward more quickly. However, worker flows now stand at historic lows—and have been trending down for several decades. Thus, the reshuffling process is not as dynamic as it has been in the past, slowing the convergence in the unemployment rate toward the long-term trend. This low level of labor turnover explains, in part, the relatively muted rebounds we have seen in labor markets over the past three cycles.
Second, the overall strength of the recovery, as measured by GDP growth, has been the weakest in the post–World War II era. A weak economy leads to weak job creation and to slow improvement in cyclical unemployment.
At this point, there is little evidence that the trends in labor market flows will change markedly over the near term. It will still take unemployed workers longer to find new jobs, and the rate of people leaving their jobs will remain low. But the slack that we see today in the labor market should be reduced if the economy continues to make substantive progress. | <urn:uuid:b56a3c70-dc35-4edd-b136-2dc3472bd387> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://clevelandfed.org/about_us/annual_report/2011/unemployment.cfm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368705953421/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516120553-00041-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.961128 | 804 | 2.53125 | 3 |
UCL student awarded prize for essay on disfigurement
22 June 2010
- Charles Gallaher’s essay: ‘Coping With Disfigurement: Psychosocial Mechanisms’
- UCL Medical School
- Changing Faces
A UCL Medical School student has won the Changing Faces’ annual essay competition open to health professionals, postgraduates and undergraduates on the theme of coping with disfigurement.
Disfigurement: Psychosocial Mechanisms’ won Charles Gallaher £500
for his interpretation of the subject in the competition run by Changing Faces, the UK
charity that supports and represents people who have disfigurements of the face
or body from any cause. Charles was co-winner alongside Ben Baker, an undergraduate medical student from the University of Nottingham.
Charles, a medical student in his fifth
year at UCL Medical School, looked at the important and interesting theories of
the psychosocial mechanisms of coping with visible difference. He wrote:
‘Society encourages us to stigmatize by appearance from childhood, be it Cinderella’s (cruel, jealous) Ugly Stepsisters, the terrifying (and hideous) Wicked Witch of the West, or the murderous (and disfigured) Freddy from A Nightmare on Elm Street. Our obsession with appearance diminishes those who fall short of a perceived ideal, and those with a visible difference, being furthest down the ladder of beauty, are devalued most.’
Charles said: “Disfigurement has been described as ‘the last bastion of discrimination’. Many people have encountered discrimination on the grounds of race, sex, religion or disability, but people with visible difference encounter negative reactions literally dozens of times a day if they are brave enough to leave the house. These range from taunts and intrusive questions, to well-intentioned people trying not to look and consequently making disfigured people feel as if they do not exist. In my essay I examined some of the ways these courageous people have found to cope with seemingly insurmountable challenges.”
Dr Richard Lansdown, Chair of the Changing Faces Research Council and of the essay judging panel, said: “Once again, the entries were of a very high standard and we are delighted that so many students have taken an interest in disfigurement.”
The prizes will be awarded to the students at the Appearance Matters 4 conference in Bristol on 23 June 2010. The prize was open to undergraduate and postgraduate students of medicine, dentistry, psychology, nursing, social work, play therapy, and professions allied to medicine (prosthetists, orthotists, occupational therapists, physiotherapists, speech and language therapists).
To find out more, go to the links at the top of this
Image above: A series of silhouetted vignettes
UCL Medical School emerged from the amalgamation of Middlesex Hospital, University College Hospital and the Royal Free Hospital. These organisations combine a rich past in the history of science and medicine with advanced clinical practice. Among past and present staff are Nobel Prize winners (Huxley, Hill and Katz) and numerous Fellows of the Royal Society and the Academy of Medical Sciences. | <urn:uuid:a601014a-b890-4f58-a50a-817eee02edc7> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.ucl.ac.uk/news/news-articles/1006/10062102 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368697380733/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516094300-00025-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.946487 | 664 | 1.695313 | 2 |
Step 1: Building The Mold
Using the template as a guide I made a mold from foamcore. I glued the pieces together with hot glue and covered the mold with papier-mâché to add rigidity. I made sure the mold had a lip around the perimeter.
As a Pro member, you will gain access to download any Instructable in the PDF format. You also have the ability to customize your PDF download. | <urn:uuid:51c029c4-40ec-44a7-bbe5-bc2b640848f3> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.instructables.com/id/Beard-of-Bees-Costume/?comments=all | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368710006682/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516131326-00006-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.934889 | 89 | 1.765625 | 2 |
Furthermore, whether talking with a Jehovah's Witness, a liberal theologian, or a New Ager, Christians are very likely to run into questions concerning the extent, adequacy, and accuracy of the Bible as God's revealed Word.
In this essay, therefore, we will consider the development of the doctrine of the Scriptures in the Church Age. Just how did the church decide on the books for inclusion in the New Testament? This discussion will include both how the Canon was established and the various ways theologians have viewed the Bible since the Canon was established.
The period immediately following the passing of the Apostles is known as the period of the Church Fathers. Many of these men walked with the Apostles and were taught directly by them. Polycarp and Papias, for instance, are considered to have been disciples of the Apostle John. Doctrinal authority during this period rested on two sources, the Old Testament (O.T.) and the notion of Apostolic succession, being able to trace a direct association to one of the Apostles and thus to Christ. Although the New Testament (N.T.) Canon was written, it was not yet seen as a separate body of books equivalent to the O.T. Six church leaders are commonly referred to: Barnabas, Hermas, Clement of Rome, Polycarp, Papias, and Ignatius (Berkhof, The History of Christian Doctrines, 37). Although these men lacked the technical sophistication of today's theologians, their correspondence confirmed the teachings of the Apostles and provides a doctrinal link to the N.T. Canon itself. Christianity was as yet a fairly small movement. These Church Fathers, often elders and bishops in the early Church, were consumed by the practical aspects of Christian life among the new converts. Therefore, when Jehovah's Witnesses argue that the early church did not have a technical theology of the Trinity, they are basically right. There had been neither time nor necessity to focus on the issue. On the other hand these men clearly believed that Jesus was God as was the Holy Spirit, but they had yet to clarify in writing the problems that might occur when attempting to explain this truth.
The early Church Fathers had no doubt about the authority of the O.T., often prefacing their quotes with "For thus saith God" and other notations. As a result they tended to be rather moralistic and even legalistic on some issues. Because the N.T. Canon was not yet settled, they respected and quoted from works that have generally passed out of the Christian tradition. The books of Hermas, Barnabas, Didache, and 1 and 2 Clement were all regarded highly (Hannah, Lecture Notes for the History of Doctrine, 2.2). As Berkhof writes concerning these early Church leaders, "For them Christianity was not in the first place a knowledge to be acquired, but the principle of a new obedience to God" (Berkhof, History of the Christian Church, 39).
Although these early Church Fathers may seem rather ill-prepared to hand down all the subtle implications of the Christian faith to the coming generations, they form a doctrinal link to the Apostles (and thus to our Lord Jesus Christ), as well as a witness to the growing commitment to the Canon of Scripture that would become the N.T. As Clement of Rome said in first century, "Look carefully into the Scriptures, which are the true utterances of the Holy Spirit" (Geisler, Decide For Yourself, 11).
During this period both internal and external forces caused the church to begin to systematize both its doctrines and its view of revelation. Much of the systemization came about as a defense against the heresies that challenged the faith of the Apostles. Ebionitism humanized Jesus and rejected the writings of Paul, resulting in a more Jewish than Christian faith. Gnosticism attempted to blend oriental theosophy, Hellenistic philosophy, and Christianity into a new religion that saw the physical creation as evil and Christ as a celestial being with secret knowledge to teach us. It often portrayed the God of the O.T. as inferior to the God of the N.T. Marcion and his movement also separated the God of the Old and New Testaments, accepting Paul and Luke as the only writers who really understood the Gospel of Christ (Berkhof, History of Christian Doctrine, 54). Montanus, responding to the gnostics, ended up claiming that he and two others were new prophets offering the highest and most accurate revelation from God. Although they were basically orthodox, they exalted martyrdom and a legalistic asceticism that led to their rejection by the Church.
Although the term canon was not used in reference to the N.T. texts until the fourth century by Athanasius, there were earlier attempts to list the acceptable books. The Muratorian Canon listed all the books of the Bible except for 1 John, 1 and 2 Peter, Hebrews, and James around A.D. 180 (Hannah, Notes, 2.5). Irenaeus, as bishop of Lyon, mentions all of the books except Jude, 2 Peter, James, Philemon, 2 and 3 John, and Revelation. The Syriac Version of the Canon, from the third century, leaves out Revelation.
It should be noted that although these early Church leaders differed on which books should be included in the Canon, they were quite sure that the books were inspired by God. Irenaeus, in his work Against Heresies, argues that, "The Scriptures are indeed perfect, since they were spoken by the Word of God [Christ] and His Spirit" (Geisler, Decide For Yourself, 12). By the fourth century many books previously held in high regard began to disappear from use and the apocryphal writings were seen as less than inspired.
It was during the fourth century that concentrated attempts were made both in the East and the West to establish the authoritative collection of the Canon. In 365, Athanasius of Alexandria listed the complete twenty-seven books of the New Testament which he regarded as the "only source of salvation and of the authentic teaching of the religion of the Gospel" (Hannah, Notes, 2.6). While Athanasius stands out in the Eastern Church, Jerome is his counterpart in the West. Jerome wrote a letter to Paulinus, bishop of Nola in 394 listing just 39 O.T. books and our current 27 N.T. ones. It was in 382 that Bishop Damascus had Jerome work on a Latin text to standardize the Scripture. The resulting Vulgate was used throughout the Christian world. The Synods of Carthage in 397 and 418 both confirmed our current twenty-seven books of the NT.
The criteria used for determining the canonicity of the books included the internal witness of the Holy Spirit in general, and specifically Apostolic origin or sanction, usage by the Church, intrinsic content, spiritual and moral effect, and the attitude of the early church.
As late as the seventh and eighth centuries there were church leaders who added to or subtracted from the list of texts. Gregory the Great added Tobias and Wisdom and mentioned 15 Pauline epistles, not 14. John of Damascus, the first Christian theologian who attempted a complete systematic theology, rejected the O.T. apocrypha, but added the Apostolic Constitution and 1 and 2 Clement to the N.T. One historian notes that "things were no further advanced at the end of the fourteenth century than they had been at the end of the fourth" (Hannah, Notes, 3.3). This same historian notes that although we would be horrified at such a state today, the Catholicism of the day rested far more on ecclesiastical authority and tradition than on an authoritative Canon. Thus Roman Catholicism did not find the issue to be a critical one.
The issue of canonical authority finally is addressed within the bigger battle between Roman Catholicism and the Protestant Reformation. In 1545 the Council of Trent was called as a response to the Protestant heresy by the Catholic Church. As usual, the Catholic position rested upon the authority of the Church hierarchy itself. It proposed that all the books found in Jerome's Vulgate were of equal canonical value (even though Jerome himself separated the Apocrypha from the rest) and that the Vulgate would become the official text of the Church. The council then established the Scriptures as equivalent to the authority of tradition.
The reformers were also forced to face the Canon issue. Instead of the authority of the Church, Luther and the reformers focused on the internal witness of the Holy Spirit. Luther was troubled by four books, Jude, James, Hebrews, and Revelation, and though he placed them in a secondary position relative to the rest, he did not exclude them. John Calvin also argued for the witness of the Spirit (Hannah, Notes, 3.7). In other words, it is God Himself, via the Holy Spirit who assures the transmission of the text down through the ages, not the human efforts of the Catholic Church or any other group. Calvin rests the authority of the Scripture on the witness of the Spirit and the conscience of the godly. He wrote in his Institutes,
Let it therefore be held as fixed, that those who are inwardly taught by the Holy Spirit acquiesce implicitly in Scripture; that Scripture, carrying its own evidence along with it, deigns not to submit to proofs and arguments, but owes the full conviction with which we ought to receive it to the testimony of the Spirit. Enlightened by him, we no longer believe, either on our own judgment or that of others, that the Scriptures are from God; but, in a way superior to human judgment, feel perfectly assured as much so as if we beheld the divine image visibly impressed on it that it came to us, by the instrumentality of men, from the very mouth of God.
He goes on the say, "We ask not for proofs or probabilities on which to rest our judgment, but we subject our intellect and judgment to it as too transcendent for us to estimate."
What led to this new controversy? A great change began to occur in the way that learned men and women thought about the nature of the universe, God, and man's relationship to both. Thinking in the post-Reformation world began to shift from a Christian theistic world view to a pantheistic or naturalistic one. As men like Galileo and Francis Bacon began to lay the foundation for modern science, their successes led others to apply their empirical methodology to answering philosophical and theological questions.
Rene Descartes (1596-1650), although a believer, began his search for knowledge from a position of doubt, assuming only that he exists because he is able to ask the question. Although he ends up affirming God, he is able to do this only by assuming God's existence, not via rational discovery (Hannah, Notes, 4.2). Others that followed built upon his system and came to different conclusions. Spinoza (1633-77) arrived at pantheism, a belief that all is god, and Liebnitz (1646-1716) concluded that it is impossible to acquire religious knowledge from a study of history.
Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679) took another step away from the notion of revealed truth. He attempted to build a philosophy using only reason and sense perception; he rejected the idea that God might have imprinted the human mind with knowledge of Himself. Another big step was taken by Immanuel Kant (1724-1804). Attempting to protect Christian thinking from the attacks of science and reason, he separated knowledge of God or spirit and knowledge of the phenomenal world. The first was unknowable, the second was knowable. Christianity was reduced to a set of morals, the source of which was unknowable by humanity.
The 1800s brought with it the fruit of Kant's separation of truth from theology. German theologians built upon Kant's foundation resulting in man becoming the source of meaning and God fading into obscurity. Frederick Schleiermacher (1768-1834) replaced revelation with religious feeling, and salvation by grace with self-analysis. The Scriptures have authority over us only if we have a religious feeling about them first. The faith that leads to this religious feeling may come from a source completely independent of the Scriptures.
David Strauss (1808-74) completely breaks from the earlier high view of Scripture. He affirms a naturalistic worldview by denying the reality of a supernatural dimension. In his book, Leben Jesu ("The Life of Jesus"), he completely denies any supernatural events traditionally associated with Jesus and His apostles, and calls the Resurrection of Christ "nothing other than a myth" (Hannah, Notes, 4.5). Strauss goes on to claim that if Jesus had really spoken of Himself as the N.T. records, He must have been out of His mind. In the end, Strauss argues that the story we have of Christ is a fabrication constructed by the disciples who added to the life of Christ what they needed to in order for Him to become the Messiah. Strauss's work would be the foundation for numerous attacks on the accuracy and authenticity of the N.T. writers, and of the ongoing attempt, even today, to demythologize the text and find the so-called "real Jesus of history."
The wars and horrors of the twentieth century have crushed many thinkers' trust in mankind's ability to implement a neutral, detached scientific mind to our problems and its ability to determine truth. As a result, many have rejected modernism and the scientific mind and have embraced a postmodernist position which denies anyone's ability to be a neutral collector of truth, which might be true for everyone, everywhere. This has left us with individual experience and personal truth. Which really means that truth no longer exists. What does this mean for the theologian who has accepted the conclusions of postmodern thinking? One theologian writes, "At the present, however, there is no general agreement even as to what theology is, much less how to get on with the task of systematics. . . . We are, for the most part, uncertain even as to what the options are" (Robert H. King, Christian Theology: An Introduction to Its Traditions and Tasks, 1-2).
This same theologian argues that Christian theology can no longer rest upon metaphysics or history. In other words, neither man's attempt to explain the causes or nature of reality nor the historical record of any texts, including the Bible can give us a sure foundation for doing theology. We have the remarkable situation of modern theologians attempting to do theology without any knowledge of God and His dealings with His creation. It is not surprising that modern theologians are seeing Hare Krishna and Zen Buddhism, along with other Eastern traditions, as possibilities for integration with Christian thought or at least Christian ethics. These traditions are not rooted in historical events and often deny any basis in rational thinking, even to the point of questioning the reality of the self (King, Christian Theology, 27).
Once individuals refuse to accept the claim of inspiration that the Bible makes for itself, they are left with a set of ethics without a foundation. History has shown us that it rarely takes more than a generation for this kind of religion to lose its significance within a culture. How then do we know that Christianity is true? William Lane Craig, in his book Reasonable Faith, makes an important point. As believers, we know that the Scriptures are inspired, and that the Gospel message is true, by the internal witness of the Holy Spirit. We show that it is true to unbelievers by demonstrating that it is systematically consistent. We make belief possible by using both historical evidence and philosophical tools. However, it is ultimately the Holy Spirit that softens hearts and calls men and women to believe in the God of the Bible.
© 1996 Probe Ministries International | <urn:uuid:e3faf6d1-1341-46a4-8db7-54158b4e3707> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.leaderu.com/orgs/probe/docs/xn-canon.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368706153698/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516120913-00004-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.967662 | 3,266 | 2.9375 | 3 |
Pulled the Plug on Alice
Alice Cooper was too cool for TV in 1972. by Jeff R. LONTO
Rock 'n' Roll gained new respect in mainstream America and on network television in the early 1970s. Until then, TV rock performances had been relegated to mostly "safe" pop bands putting in token appearances on prime-time variety shows such as Ed Sullivan, as nail-biting network execs, advertisers and managers at affiliate stations crossed their fingers. The rest of the show was counter-balanced with long middle-of-the-road musical acts and largely inoffensive comedy sketches.
But around 1972, television started taking chances showcasing top-quality rock acts performing live, with programs such as NBC's Midnight Special, the syndicated Don Kirshner's Rock Concert and ABC's series of late-night specials, In Concert. The shows usually ran late on Friday or Saturday night when the increasingly lucrative young adult audience was looking for something to watch, after the kids and parents had gone to bed.
ABC kicked off its first In Concert, pre-empting the Dick Cavett Show, on November 24, 1972, featuring performances taped a few weeks earlier at Hofstra University in Hempstead, New York. On the bill was the Senior General of Rock, Bo Diddley, acoustic duo Seals and Crofts, R&B man Curtis Mayfield and for the opening act, shock rocker Alice Cooper.
Rock fans in Cincinnati, however, didn't get to see beyond the first few minutes of Alice's violent theatrics. Lawrence H. Rogers II was so mortified by what he saw that he ordered the ABC affiliate he owned, WKRC-TV Channel 12, to yank the show off the air immediately. Channel 12's decision to protect its viewers was responded to within minutes with a phoned-in bomb threat and several car loads of youths picketing the station. Some 4,000 letters of protest, many profane, poured in over the next few days, the biggest mail load that station officials could remember.
Station manager Ro Grignon told TV Guide that he wasn't opposed to rock concerts. "In fact, we think they're going to be a smashing success. We simply found Alice Cooper a little tense."
Meanwhile, the ABC affiliate in Kingsport, Tennessee complained to the network about the performance but ran it nonetheless. WPVI-TV Channel 6 in Philadelphia ran the show on tape delay at 1:30 a.m. Channel 12 in Cincinnati later televised an edited version of the show, sans Alice, to give viewers a chance to enjoy the other, less offensive acts that were on the show. The next In Concert show was sent to affiliate managers via closed-circuit for approval before broadcast. | <urn:uuid:859e0327-b2f9-48a6-9e45-281596701b3b> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.studioz7.com/alice.shtml | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368711005985/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516133005-00067-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.970532 | 562 | 1.539063 | 2 |
The State of Georgia has just passed a bill which includes what has become known as an "Amazon tax".
Some believe this to be a "good news" for the state. But is it really?
House Bill 386 (which received 155 votes in favor and 9 against in the House three days ago) has received final passage being unanimously approved by the General Assembly (54 in favor, 0 against).
Among other provisions and types of "affiliate" relationships, the Bill 386 also applies to situations "under which the resident, for a commission or other consideration, based on completed sales, directly or indirectly refers potential customers ... by a link on an Internet website", which, basically includes Internet affiliates residing in Georgia.
And while the Georgian threshold is higher than what we've seen in other states (the bill says that "the cumulative gross receipts from sales by the person to customers in this state" must be "in excess of $50,000.00 during ... 12 months"), it is hardly a "good news" for Georgia-based affiliates.
On Tuesday, after the House blessed the Bill, The Atlanta Journal-Constitution wrote emphasized the "key element of the tax plan" which "would be a sales tax on some Internet purchases".
It was also pointed out that the tax "would produce $81 million in state and local revenue over three years" and "bring Georgia new jobs". Alas! Experience in other states shows quite the contrary... As my numerous posts on this topic exemplify, the sadly already-customary sequence is quite the opposite:
(i) affiliates get terminated by online retailers who do not want to collect the tax (read: job loss),
(ii) and instead of collecting additional revenue, states actually reap a loss of tax revenue (in unpaid state income taxes).
Here are just two vivid examples: Rhode Island (Dec 21, 2009)
In April, researchers at the University of Tennessee estimated Rhode Island’s government would forego a total of $132.7 million in sales tax revenue from 2007 through 2012. The average annual loss is equal to 2.5 percent of the state's total sales tax collections in 2007. But the state law has done nothing to increase tax revenue. Officials at the R.I. Department of Revenue "do not believe that there has been any sales tax collected as a result of the Amazon legislation," said Paul L. Dion, who heads the department’s revenue-analysis office. [source: "‘Amazon Tax’ Has Not Generated Revenue" article by Providence Business News]
Illinois (Mar 16, 2012)
Sen. John Cullerton ...boldly stated that "Illinois would generate an additional $150 million in much-needed revenues" under the new law. Skeptical of that huge amount of money (which would have been a more than 50% increase in use tax collected), we looked at the numbers and determined it was way off... [From January 2011 through June 2011 there has actually been a] decrease in use tax collected of over $11 million. Not only did smaller websites based in Illinois lose a revenue stream, but larger companies that rely more heavily on affiliate income like Fat Wallet and Coupon Cabin simply packed up and moved to neighboring states, taking their jobs and income tax with them. [source: "‘Amazon Tax’ Fails to Raise One Cent of New Revenue" article by Chicagoist]
Is any additional comment required here; or do facts speak louder than any words? | <urn:uuid:aa87af2d-5a03-49f5-88f9-b15e63617050> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://econsultancy.com/us/blog/9412-why-georgia-affiliate-tax-is-really-no-good-news-2 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368701459211/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516105059-00037-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.969417 | 715 | 1.734375 | 2 |
In the northern California coast lies the Redwoods National Park . The dense forests of the Redwoods National Park has been chosen as a location for the filming in one of the Star Wars saga. Specifically in the Star Wars Episode VI: Return of the Jedi, which was the home of the Ewoks. This was also referred to as the “forest moon of Endor”.
The Redwoods National Park in the United States protects 100 of the 137 highest sequoias throughout the entire United States. All of these sequoias surpass 106 meters. Along with four other national parks in the area of the northern California coast, the state protects 45% of ancient forests of redwood. The collection includes many giant trees that are rare in the ecosystem. This was also recognized as a World Heritage site. | <urn:uuid:a49c752c-55e8-4dcd-8d84-70b67f8b5385> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.sharewonders.com/tag/redwoods-national-park/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368699273641/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516101433-00006-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.964527 | 163 | 2.125 | 2 |
Why Choose Pre-Engineering?
This program was developed to give students a broad overview of the engineering field. Students take general education courses as well as pre-engineering courses to give them the required knowledge and skills necessary to gain entrance to an engineering college.
Pre-Engineering is designed for students who intend to transfer to an engineering college to earn a bachelor's degree in engineering or a related field. The program is based on courses that are fundamental to all engineering disciplines.
Get a Great Job
The Pre-Engineering program at Ferris is a great place to begin a career in the well-paid engineering field, a field that grows larger every year.
First year student admission is open to high school graduates (or equivalent) who demonstrate academic preparedness, maturity and seriousness of purpose with educational backgrounds appropriate to their chosen program of study. High school courses and grade point average, ACT composite score, and ACT reading and mathematics subscores will be considered in the admission and placement process. Transfer students must have at least 12 credits at the time of application with a minimum 2.0 overall GPA including an English and mathematics course, or they must provide their high school records and ACT scores for admission review.
The Pre-Engineering program at Ferris leads to an associate in science degree. Graduation requires a minimum 2.0 GPA overall. Students should know that many engineering colleges prefer a 3.0 college GPA for transfer coursework. Students must complete a minimum of 60 college credits including all general education requirements as outlined on the General Education website.
Department of Mathematics
Ferris State University
820 Campus Drive/ASC 2021
Big Rapids, MI 49307-2225 | <urn:uuid:60358349-aa2b-4233-9ee4-9e32883cd4ac> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://catalog.ferris.edu/programs/8/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368706499548/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516121459-00071-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.951142 | 340 | 1.90625 | 2 |
Russia shortens hours Moscow supermarkets, shops and kiosks may legally sell vodka in toughest anti-alcohol campaign since Soviet Union collapse.
The 10 p.m. to 10 a.m. ban will replace lax rules that theoretically forbid selling the grain-based spirit from 11 p.m. to 8 p.m but which in practice allow them to sell vodka around the clock if they get a permit, said RIA Novosti news agency.
The new hours go into effect Sept. 1.
An order will ban prefectures from issuing permits to sell alcohol round-the-clock in local shops.
Beer, wine and bottled alcoholic "light" cocktails with no more than 15 percent alcohol content are not affected by the new law, RIA said. Restaurants and nightclubs are also not affected by the new law and may serve alcoholic beverages 24 hours a day, it said.
The limit comes as the Kremlin pushes ahead with the harshest anti-alcohol campaign since former Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev’s draconian ban on vodka sales in 1985, Britain's Daily Telegraph reported. Gorbachev, who became a hate figure for many ordinary Russians as a result of the ban, decreed that vodka could only be sold from 2 p.m. to 7 p.m. His campaign prompted desperate drunks to rush to get their fix by imbibing perfume and other hazardous intoxicants instead, the newspaper said.
“It is a very good measure that will make it possible to reduce the alcoholic strain on the population,” Brun said. "Russian officials estimate that 500,000 people die for alcohol-related reasons every year, while President Dmitry Medvedev has declared Russia’s drinking problem “a national disaster.”
The move to restrict vodka sales comes after the government set a minimum price for vodka and cut the amount of alcohol permissible in motorists’ blood to zero, the Telegraph said. | <urn:uuid:ac9d40b8-6b3c-45ce-9526-cc6fda6a15f8> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.nbcsandiego.com/news/business/Russia_to_limit_hours_when_people_can_buy_vodka-101013909.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368704132298/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516113532-00046-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.952078 | 397 | 1.601563 | 2 |
Posted by Lewis on July 07, 2003
In Reply to: Putting the 'b' in subtle posted by K. Anderson on July 04, 2003
: Hi --
: Can anyone tell me the true meaning of the phrase "putting the 'b' in subtle"? I have seen it used both to describe something as extremely subtle (which seems right to me) and to describe it as not subtle at all (this usage was recently in the NY Times, and they tend to know their stuff). Which is the correct usage?
I've never heard that before, but I rather like it. Think about it - your answer is in your question!
"Subtle" is pronounced "suttle" so the "b" normally has only the slightest of influences on the pronounciation of the word. Whereas if one says "sub-tull" - one is putting the "b" in overtly and destroying the nuance. It works well both ways. | <urn:uuid:ad75bd72-585b-4114-8b39-dac9eb985572> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.phrases.org.uk/bulletin_board/22/messages/197.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368708142388/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516124222-00000-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.984243 | 196 | 2.109375 | 2 |
Chiropractic care for back pain
Chiropractic care is a way to diagnose and treat health problems that affect the nerves, muscles, bones, and joints of the body. A health care provider who provides chiropractic care is called a chiropractor.
Hands-on adjustment of the spine, called spinal manipulation, is the basis of chiropractic care. Most chiropractors also use other types of treatments.
What Happens During a Visit to a Chiropractor?
The first visit usually lasts 30 - 60 minutes. Your chiropractor will want to know about your goals for treatment and your health history. You will be asked about your:
- Past injuries and illnesses
- Current health problems and medicines you are taking
- Sleep habits
- Mental stresses you might have
- Use of alcohol, drugs, or tobacco
Tell your chiropractor about any physical problems you may have that make it hard for you to do certain things. Also tell your chiropractor if you have any numbness, tingling, weakness, or any other nerve problems.
After asking you about your health, your chiropractor will do a physical exam. This will include testing how well your spine moves. This is called spinal mobility. Your chiropractor may also do some tests, such as checking your blood pressure and taking x-rays. These tests look for problems that might be adding to your back pain.
Treatment usually begins at the first or second visit.
- You may be asked to lie on a special table, where the chiropractor does the spinal manipulations.
- The most common treatment is manipulation your chiropractor does by hand. It involves moving a joint in your spine to the end of its range, followed by a light thrust. This is often called an “adjustment.” It realigns the bones of your spine to make them straighter.
- The chiropractor may also do other treatments, like massage and other work on soft tissues.
Some people are a little achy, stiff, and tired for a few days after their manipulation. This is because their body is adjusting to its new alignment. You should not feel any pain from the manipulation.
How Many Treatments Will You Need?
More than one session is usually needed to correct a problem. Usually treatments last several weeks. Your chiropractor may suggest two or three short sessions a week at first. These would last only about 10 - 20 minutes each. Once you start improving, your treatments may be just once a week. You and your chiropractor will talk about how effective the treatment is based on the goals you discussed in your first session.
What Conditions Does Chiropractic Treat Best?
Chiropractic is most effective for treating:
Who Should Not Be Treated with Chiropractic?
People should not have chiropractic treatment in the parts of their bodies that are affected by any of these conditions:
Very rarely, manipulation of the neck has damaged blood vessels or caused strokes. But the screening process your chiropractor does at your first visit is meant to see if you might be at high risk for these problems. If you are, your chiropractor will not do neck manipulation.
Rubinstein SM, van Middelkoop M, Assendelft WJ, de Boer MR, van Tulder MW. Spinal manipulative therapy for chronic low-back pain. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2011 Feb 16;(2):CD008112.
Chou R, Loeser JD, Owens DK, Rosenquist RW, et al; American Pain Society Low Back Pain Guideline Panel. Interventional therapies, surgery, and interdisciplinary rehabilitation for low back pain: an evidence-based clinical practice guideline from the American Pain Society. Spine. 2009;34(10):1066-77.
Walker BF, French SD, Grant W, Green S. Combined chiropractic interventions for low-back pain. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2010;(4). Review.
Linda J. Vorvick, MD, Medical Director, MEDEX Northwest Division of Physician Assistant Studies, University of Washington, School of Medicine. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M. Health Solutions, Ebix, Inc.
The information provided herein should not be used during any medical emergency or for the diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition. A licensed medical professional should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and all medical conditions. Call 911 for all medical emergencies. Links to other sites are provided for information only -- they do not constitute endorsements of those other sites. © 1997-
A.D.A.M., Inc. Any duplication or distribution of the information contained herein is strictly prohibited. | <urn:uuid:5da6dc57-bf2d-4673-965e-80a56bdb85d3> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.stlukes-stl.com/health-content/health-ency-multimedia/60/000416.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368701459211/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516105059-00014-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.917044 | 988 | 2.671875 | 3 |
Sure, it’s Magic Week here at Robot Viking, but sometimes Magic is a little too complicated for the younger gamers in your life. You need a gateway game to teach them the fundamentals of card advantage, hand-quality, and creature combat. How about Kaijudo? The upcoming Dojo Edition will feature this creepy squid creature, Vikorakas.
Kaijudo is essentially like Magic, with a few key differences. You still tap creatures to attack and tap mana to summon creatures and cast spells. However, you can put any card into your “mana zone,” giving the game a perfect, predictable mana curve, just like Upper Deck’s defunct Vs. System. Cards are divided into five “civilizations, ” Light, Water, Darkness, Fire and Nature. Cards have levels, and you have to tap cards in your mana zone equal to a card’s level to play it. To cast a spell or summon a creature from a particular civilization, one of the mana zone cards you tap to play it has to be from the same civilization as the card. So to play Vikorakas here, I’d have to tap five mana cards, one of which must be a Water card.
Instead of one attack step, creatures attack individually, and their owner decides who they attack. You can either attack your opponent directly or attack a tapped creature. Instead of life totals, each player has five “shields,” face down cards drawn from the deck at game’s start. A direct attack removes a shield and puts it into the defender’s hand (so dealing damage generates card advantage for the player on the losing end, a sort of built-in handicapping system). A direct attack when there are no shields left ends the game. Creature on creature combat is simple — highest power number (found in the lower left) wins, loser is destroyed.
What does that mean for our squiddy friend?
He’s a level five creature with 3,000 power (a bit low for a level five, from what I can see). He comes with a decent enters the battlefield effect, your basic Merfolk Looter hand-shaping. If only it triggered whenever he attacked, and not just when summoned.
Apparently there’s a TV show and video game version of Kaijudo that are all the rage among kids these days (note: I have no idea what the level of actual raging among kids is). A set of Kaijudo Battle Decks has already been released, but the Dojo Edition, which releases next week (July 24) will feature the first random booster packs. giving kids the first opportunity to build their own decks. | <urn:uuid:ceafd4f0-1312-4d9c-8aea-45571c79185c> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.robotviking.com/2012/07/20/exclusive-kaijudo-dojo-edition-preview-vikorakas/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368711005985/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516133005-00005-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.939564 | 561 | 1.507813 | 2 |
Are you fatter (or thinner) than you think?
London - It is something of a low blow for the vertically challenged.
Those who are short of stature may be fatter than they thought, according to an Oxford academic.
Mathematician Nick Trefethen believes the body mass index formula traditionally used to work out if someone is overweight is flawed – and he has come up with his own.
And he found short people are actually more overweight than they think they are, while tall people are not as overweight as they are being told.
Professor Trefethen says the existing formula falls down because it underestimates how much natural bulk taller people have.
As a result, it overestimates how well-padded short people should be.
By his theory, singer Lily Allen, who is just 5ft 2in, is not as slim as she might be led to believe, while his calculations tip the scale in favour of model Sophie Dahl, who stands 5ft 11in.
The BMI formula is used by doctors up and down the country to work out if someone is overweight or obese and so at risk of problems from high blood pressure to heart disease.
A BMI of between 18.5 and 24.9 is normal. Less than 18.5 would see a person classed as underweight, while 25 to 29.9 is considered overweight. A mark of 30 or above means a person is obese.
It is calculated by dividing weight in kilograms by height in metres squared and tells someone if they are of a healthy weight, underweight, overweight or obese.
But under the professor’s new version, the weight in kilograms is multiplied by 1.3.
The answer is then divided by a person’s height to the power of 2.5, rather than height squared.
The professor insists his formula is far from simply an academic exercise – as the results could affect millions of people.
Roughly speaking, each person 6ft tall would lose a point from their BMI reading.
Those who are 5ft, however, would see the new formula add a point – enough to send them from being merely overweight to obese.
Experts already question the use of BMI as an indicator of health as it fails to distinguish between muscle and fat and can lead to athletes at peak fitness being deemed obese.
Professor Trefethen said it would be wrong for him to push for his formula to be adopted, but he says the NHS should justify its use of the current calculation.
He said: ‘The NHS relies on the BMI pervasively in all of its public discussions of obesity. We deserve an explanation of what justification they have for using this formula.’ - Daily Mail | <urn:uuid:104cdb7c-502e-49dd-a918-152f4c8de346> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://m.iol.co.za/article/view/s/11/a/353268 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368699881956/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516102441-00027-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.97625 | 554 | 2.984375 | 3 |
Brad Pitt has exhibited a high sensitivity to the value of place in our lives. He invested a large amount of his money, influence and time to enable the residents of the 9th ward in New Orleans to maintain their geographical, cultural and home space.
GENE ROBERTSON: Recognizing attachment to place is important
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Math & CS Chats - Fall 2004
[ 9/16 | 9/23 | 10/7 | 10/14 | 11/11 | 11/18 | 12/2 ]
12/2: Local reality - The Mathematics and the Physics
Dr. Michael Frey
Department of Mathematics
Our intuitions inform us that ours is a world of local reality; that is, that objects have properties bound up in (real to) the object and that these properties are uninfluenced by sufficiently distant phenomena (local). We pose a thought experiment and explore the mathematical consequences of local realism, and, in particular, we state and prove a version of Bell's theorem. We then mathematically re-examine local realism from the viewpoint of modern quantum theory and discover a contradiction. What's correct? An important experiment completed in 1982 gives us the answer.
11/18: Student Internship Reports
Jonathan Rogers & Sean Shappell
Department of Mathematics and Computer Science
Inferior Corporations: Jonathan Rogers, a Junior mathematics major, will speak about his summer work combining mathematics and economics. There is an economic term "inferior good" which is a product which individuals consume less of as their income increases. Some corporations fit this trend as well and advertise that to that effect. Walmart and other discount retailers show that by focusing on these inferior goods and setting prices below the abilities of their competitors, they may dominate and even create market demand.
Working in College IT: Sean Shappell, a senior computer science major, will discuss his experiences last summer working in the Information Services and Resources Department of Bucknell University. His talk will cover his day to day responsibilities and his primary project, developing an inventory database and client interface.
11/11: Myth busting: The controversies surrounding Euler's polyhedral formula
Department of Mathematics and Computer Science
Euler proved that any convex polyhedron with F faces, E edges, and V vertices satisfies the simple relationship F-E+V=2... or did he? Some say that Euler's proof of this relation, which is now called Euler's polyhedral formula, is flawed. Others say that Descartes proved this same relation over 100 years before Euler did. Like mathematical myth-busters, we will look at Euler's proof (or so-called proof) and see if he did or did not prove the relation. We will also examine what, exactly, Descartes' contributed this subject.
10/14: Newsline: A technological solution for providing news to the blind
National Federation of the Blind
(and Dickinson Class of 2000)
Every morning millions of people read the newspaper over a cup of coffee. Now imagine the challenge of this everyday activity if you were blind. National federation of the Blind's Newsline is a service which enables blind people access to the information in newspapers and magazines at the same time as their sighted peers. With over 200 selections available, all accessed with a toll free phone call, the blind will no longer be without the critical information needed to function in school or in the workplace, enabling them to live much more independent lives. The speaker will be discussing how Newsline is used, the technology and software behind it, and where Newsline is headed.
10/7: An Introduction to Finite Element Analysis
Masters Student in Computer Science
Finite element analysis is a technique used in the the modeling and design of complex systems ranging from massive dams to microscopic electronic components. Mr. Brajovic will introduce finite element analysis with a brief overview of some of these applications. He will then present an in-depth example of the use of finite element analysis. This example will focus on the modeling and design of a quartz crystal, such as those used in to keep accurate time in watches and computers. His talk will conclude with a brief description of the wide range of commercial and free tools available for finite element analysis.
9/23: Applied Mathematics and Computer Science in the Real World: Examples and Insights
Ltc. Rene' G. Burgess
US Army War College
Center for Strategic Leadership
What do the skills learned as an undergraduate Computer Science or Mathematics student have to do with the life "out there" in the real world of American business? What's the point of learning how to program when there are high school kids writing both games and viruses? This week's presenter had a number of the same questions during both his undergraduate studies at the US Military Academy at West Point, where he earned a Bachelor of Science, as well as at the Naval Postgraduate School in Monterey, where he earned his Master of Science in Modeling, Virtual Environments, and Simulations. For five of the past seven years, the author has served in the US Army in the new career field called Simulation Operations. He has acted as a software designer, requirements generator, and application distributor for a significant portion of the Army's training plan to meet the digital information age. In this lecture LTC Burgess will discuss some of the lessons learned and insights from his experiences over the past several years in an effort to shed some light on the questions above as well as provide some exposure to his current work at the US Army War College where he is the Army lead developer for two strategic leader development games.
9/16: Summer Internship Reports
Jennifer Reitmeyer & Craig Daugherty
Department of Mathematics & Computer Science
Two of our own majors will be the presenters. Computer Science Major, Craig Daugherty, will be telling us about his internship with Penn Manor School District, working on their website and other IT projects. Mathematics Major, Jen Reitmeyer, will tell us about the new Medical Informatics Department at Capital Blue Cross and how they use their predictive modeling tool. | <urn:uuid:2f00c82e-cd72-4331-813c-652f969db9f0> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://dickinson.edu/academics/programs/mathematics-and-computer-science/content/Math---CS-Chats---Fall-2004/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368699273641/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516101433-00058-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.937921 | 1,181 | 2.125 | 2 |
Linux Distro: Linux Console
The strangely named Linux Console seems to be designed to work equally well as a Live distribution and as a permanent installation. It offers an LXDE based desktop alongside a collection of standard applications. It could be used as a typical desktop Linux distro, but I have a feeling that it could see some use as a front-end in appliance type set-ups that need to be a bit more of a typical desktop layout than some of the kiosk or media player distributions. However, I'm not absolutely sure what the aim of this distro actually is.
Linux Console isn't derived from any of the main distributions. Variety is the hallmark of the Linux scene, and it's a boon to be able to tailor the choice of distro to a given situation. However, in such a crowded field, the smaller distributions have to offer distinct functionality and a niche to be worth looking at.
Hard disk installation is carried out from the boot menu if you're installing from the CDROM. There are two options, an autoinstall that carries out the installation without asking any questions and a more typical Linux distribution that does. Installations that proceed without asking the user for input are useful because being interrupted to answer some questions becomes tedious if you want to install multiple machines. I wish more distros featured an option like this.
Automatic installs are, however, potentially dangerous and Linux Console's solution to this dilemma has its good and bad points. On the positive side, it will halt the installation if there is anything at all on the hard disk. It then prompts the user to open a virtual console and run command line Fdisk in order to wipe the partitions. The problem with Linux's standard Fdisk program is that it's not very easy to use. It's a shame that, given what I presume to be the expected audience for this distro, the developers couldn't have knocked together an Ubuntu-style guided partitioning tool.
By default, Linux Console offers an LXDE based desktop along with some media players and a few other applications. The standard launch bar features an icon to launch the Firefox web browser or the Thunderbird email client, but in actual fact, these options download and install the latest version. If you're running Linux Console as a Live CD, you'll have to repeat the procedure after a shutdown. In practice, this isn't a huge problem as it takes less than a minute to install Firefox in this way. Speaking of which, Linux Console boots quickly from a CD, no doubt thanks to custom architecture.
The main aspect that makes Linux Console stand out from the crowd is that it is a custom distribution, and this brings with it both benefits and disadvantages. For example, a positive feature is that all operations, from package installation, booting from CD or the hard disk drive to application launch are noticeably fast.
The disadvantage is that, if you get stuck, you're completely at sea because Linux Console isn't quite like anything else. In contrast, many is the time that I have managed to troubleshoot a Debian problem by making use of information that turned up on a Ubuntu forum, for example. It even has it's own, custom package format, but that's not exactly brimming with installable software.
The other problem is that a custom distribution misses out on upstream developments of a mainstream distribution. With Linux Console, improvements are limited to those offered by the available packages and the efforts of the Linux Console development team.
As I said at the beginning, every distribution has to prove its worth by successfully carving out a niche for itself. The question of whether or not Linux Console has a place is made more difficult by the fact that it offers a confusing mix of newbie friendly features mixed in with those that require expertise.
In conclusion, I find it hard to recommend Linux Console above other similar distributions such as Puppy Linux or Tiny Core. It deviates from the standards of other distributions, but I can't honestly say that it offered enough advantages to outweigh the potential problems that brings. However, it's worth having a look at, just to see something a bit different. What exists so far is well made, and in the future, it might branch out in a way that gives it a clearly defined advantage and identity. On the other hand, you might find that the slightly odd mix of approaches is just the odd mix of approaches that you've been looking for. And that, my friend, is part of the beauty of Linux.
UK based freelance writer Michael Reed writes about technology, retro computing, geek culture and gender politics.
|Dynamic DNS—an Object Lesson in Problem Solving||May 21, 2013|
|Using Salt Stack and Vagrant for Drupal Development||May 20, 2013|
|Making Linux and Android Get Along (It's Not as Hard as It Sounds)||May 16, 2013|
|Drupal Is a Framework: Why Everyone Needs to Understand This||May 15, 2013|
|Home, My Backup Data Center||May 13, 2013|
|Non-Linux FOSS: Seashore||May 10, 2013|
- Dynamic DNS—an Object Lesson in Problem Solving
- Making Linux and Android Get Along (It's Not as Hard as It Sounds)
- Using Salt Stack and Vagrant for Drupal Development
- New Products
- Drupal Is a Framework: Why Everyone Needs to Understand This
- Validate an E-Mail Address with PHP, the Right Way
- A Topic for Discussion - Open Source Feature-Richness?
- Download the Free Red Hat White Paper "Using an Open Source Framework to Catch the Bad Guy"
- The Secret Password Is...
- New Products
3 hours 30 min ago
- Keeping track of IP address
5 hours 21 min ago
- Roll your own dynamic dns
10 hours 35 min ago
- Please correct the URL for Salt Stack's web site
13 hours 46 min ago
- Android is Linux -- why no better inter-operation
16 hours 1 min ago
- Connecting Android device to desktop Linux via USB
16 hours 30 min ago
- Find new cell phone and tablet pc
17 hours 28 min ago
18 hours 57 min ago
- Automatically updating Guest Additions
20 hours 5 min ago
- I like your topic on android
20 hours 52 min ago
Enter to Win an Adafruit Pi Cobbler Breakout Kit for Raspberry Pi
It's Raspberry Pi month at Linux Journal. Each week in May, Adafruit will be giving away a Pi-related prize to a lucky, randomly drawn LJ reader. Winners will be announced weekly.
Fill out the fields below to enter to win this week's prize-- a Pi Cobbler Breakout Kit for Raspberry Pi.
Congratulations to our winners so far:
- 5-8-13, Pi Starter Pack: Jack Davis
- 5-15-13, Pi Model B 512MB RAM: Patrick Dunn
- 5-21-13, Prototyping Pi Plate Kit: Philip Kirby
- Next winner announced on 5-27-13!
Free Webinar: Hadoop
How to Build an Optimal Hadoop Cluster to Store and Maintain Unlimited Amounts of Data Using Microservers
Realizing the promise of Apache® Hadoop® requires the effective deployment of compute, memory, storage and networking to achieve optimal results. With its flexibility and multitude of options, it is easy to over or under provision the server infrastructure, resulting in poor performance and high TCO. Join us for an in depth, technical discussion with industry experts from leading Hadoop and server companies who will provide insights into the key considerations for designing and deploying an optimal Hadoop cluster.
Some of key questions to be discussed are:
- What is the “typical” Hadoop cluster and what should be installed on the different machine types?
- Why should you consider the typical workload patterns when making your hardware decisions?
- Are all microservers created equal for Hadoop deployments?
- How do I plan for expansion if I require more compute, memory, storage or networking? | <urn:uuid:3ce3f4cd-6a15-443b-8b60-f13567d2e353> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.linuxjournal.com/content/linux-distro-linux-console | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368701459211/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516105059-00020-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.922251 | 1,667 | 1.875 | 2 |
Henry Fielding. (17071754). The History of Tom Jones.
The Harvard Classics Shelf of Fiction. 1917.
Book VIII. Containing about Two Days
XIII. In Which the Man of the Hill Continues His History
MY fellow-collegiate had now entered me in a new scene of life. I soon became acquainted with the whole fraternity of sharpers, and was let into their secrets; I mean, into the knowledge of those gross cheats which are proper to impose upon the raw and unexperienced; for there are some tricks of a finer kind, which are known only to a few of the gang, who are at the head of their profession; a degree of honour beyond my expectation; for drink, to which I was immoderately addicted, and the natural warmth of my passions, prevented me from arriving at any great success in an art which requires as much coolness as the most austere school of philosophy.
Mr. Watson, with whom I now lived in the closest amity, had unluckily the former failing to a very great excess; so that instead of making a fortune by his profession, as some others did, he was alternately rich and poor, and was often obliged to surrender to his cooler friends, over a bottle which they never tasted, that plunder that he had taken from culls at the public table.
However, we both made a shift to pick up and uncomfortable livelihood; and for two years I continued of the calling; during which time I tasted all the varieties of fortune, sometimes flourishing in affluence, and at others being obliged to struggle with almost incredible difficulties. Today wallowing in luxury, and to-morrow reduced to the coarsest and most homely fare. My fine clothes being often on my back in the evening, and at the pawn-shop the next morning.
One night, as I was returning pennyless from the gaming-table, I observed a very great disturbance, and a large mob gathered together in the street. As I was in no danger from pickpockets, I ventured into the croud, where upon enquiry I found that a man had been robbed and very ill used by some ruffians. The wounded man appeared very bloody, and seemed scarce able to support himself on his legs. As I had not therefore been deprived of my humanity by my present life and conversation, though they had left me very little of either honesty or shame, I immediately offered my assistance to the unhappy person, who thankfully accepted it, and, putting himself under my conduct, begged me to convey him to some tavern, where he might send for a surgeon, being, as he said, faint with loss of blood. He seemed indeed highly pleased at finding one who appeared in the dress of a gentleman; for as to all the rest of the company present, their outside was such that he could not wisely place any confidence in them.
I took the poor man by the arm, and led him to the tavern where we kept our rendezvous, as it happened to be the nearest at hand. A surgeon happening luckily to be in the house, immediately attended, and applied himself to dressing his wounds, which I had the pleasure to hear were not likely to be mortal.
The surgeon having very expeditiously and dextrously finished his business, began to enquire in what part of the town the wounded man lodged; who answered, That he was come to town that very morning; that his horse was at an inn in Piccadilly, and that he had no other lodging, and very little or no acquaintance in town.
This surgeon, whose name I have forgot, though I remember it began with an R, had the first character in his profession, and was serjeant-surgeon to the king. He had moreover many good qualities, and was a very generous good-natured man, and ready to do any service to his fellow-creatures. He offered his patient the use of his chariot to carry him to his inn, and at the same time whispered in his ear, That if he wanted any money, he would furnish him.
The poor man was not now capable of returning thanks for this generous offer; for having had his eyes for some time stedfastly on me, he threw himself back in his chair, crying, Oh, my son! my son! and then fainted away.
Many of the people present imagined this accident had happened through his loss of blood; but I, who at the same time began to recollect the features of my father, was now confirmed in my suspicion, and satisfied that it was he himself who appeared before me. I presently ran to him, raised him in my arms, and kissed his cold lips with the utmost eagerness. Here I must draw a curtain over a scene which I cannot describe; for though I did not lose my being; as my father for a while did, my senses were however so overpowered with affright and surprize, that I am a stranger to what passed during some minutes, and indeed till my father had again recovered from his swoon, and I found myself in his arms, both tenderly embracing each other, while the tears trickled a-pace down the cheeks of each of us.
Most of those present seemed affected by this scene, which we, who might be considered as the actors in it, were desirous of removing from the eyes of all spectators as fast as we could; my father therefore accepted the kind offer of the surgeons chariot, and I attended him in it to his inn.
When we were alone together, he gently upbraided me with having neglected to write to him during so long a time, but entirely omitted the mention of that crime which had occasioned it. He then informed me of my mothers death, and insisted on my returning home with him, saying, That he had long suffered the greatest anxiety on my account; that he knew not whether he had most feared my death or wished it, since he had so many more dreadful apprehensions for me. At last, he said, a neighbouring gentleman, who had just recovered a son from the same place, informed him where I was; and that to reclaim me from this course of life was the sole cause of his journey to London. He thanked Heaven he had succeeded so far as to find me out by means of an accident which had like to have proved fatal to him; and had the pleasure to think he partly owed his preservation to my humanity, with which he profest himself to be more delighted than he should have been with my filial piety, if I had known that the object of all my care was my own father.
Vice had not so depraved my heart as to excite in it an insensibility of so much paternal affection, though so unworthily bestowed. I presently promised to obey his commands in my return home with him, as soon as he was able to travel, which indeed he was in a very few days, by the assistance of that excellent surgeon who had undertaken his cure.
The day preceding my fathers journey (before which time I scarce ever left him), I went to take my leave of some of my most intimate acquaintance, particularly of Mr. Watson, who dissuaded me from burying myself, as he called it, out of a simple compliance with the fond desires of a foolish old fellow. Such sollicitations, however, had no effect, and I once more saw my own home. My father now greatly sollicited me to think of marriage; but my inclinations were utterly averse to any such thoughts. I had tasted of love already, and perhaps you know the extravagant excesses of that most tender and most violent passion.Here the old gentleman paused, and looked earnestly at Jones; whose countenance, within a minutes space, displayed the extremities of both red and white. Upon which the old man, without making any observations, renewed his narrative.
Being now provided with all the necessaries of life, I betook myself once again to study, and that with a more inordinate application than I had ever done formerly. The books which now employed my time solely were those, as well antient as modern, which treat of true philosophy, a word which is by many thought to be the subject only of farce and ridicule. I now read over the works of Aristotle and Plato, with the rest of those inestimable treasures which antient Greece had bequeathed to the world.
These authors, though they instructed me in no science by which men may promise to themselves to acquire the least riches or worldly power, taught me, however, the art of despising the highest acquisitions of both. They elevate the mind, and steel and harden it against the capricious invasions of fortune. They not only instruct in the knowledge of Wisdom, but confirm men in her habits, and demonstrate plainly, that this must be our guide, if we propose ever to arrive at the greatest worldly happiness, or to defend ourselves, with any tolerable security, against the misery which everywhere surrounds and invests us.
To this I added another study, compared to which, all the philosophy taught by the wisest heathens is little better than a dream, and is indeed as full of vanity as the silliest jester ever pleased to represent it. This is that Divine wisdom which is alone to be found in the Holy Scriptures; for they impart to us the knowledge and assurance of things much more worthy our attention than all which this world can offer to our acceptance; of things which Heaven itself hath condescended to reveal to us, and to the smallest knowledge of which the highest human wit unassisted could never ascend. I began now to think all the time I had spent with the best heathen writers was little more than labour lost: for, however pleasant and delightful their lessons may be, or however adequate to the right regulation of our conduct with respect to this world only; yet, when compared with the glory revealed in Scripture, their highest documents will appear as trifling, and of as little consequence, as the rules by which children regulate their childish little games and pastime. True it is, that philosophy makes us wiser, but Christianity makes us better men. Philosophy elevates and steels the mind, Christianity softens and sweetens it. The former makes us the objects of human admiration, the latter of Divine love. That insures us a temporal, but this an eternal happiness.But I am afraid I tire you with my rhapsody.
I had spent, continued the stranger, about four years in the most delightful manner to myself, totally given up to contemplation, and entirely unembarrassed with the affairs of the world, when I lost the best of fathers, and one whom I so entirely loved, that my grief at his loss exceeds all description. I now abandoned my books, and gave myself up for a whole month to the effects of melancholy and despair. Time, however, the best physician of the mind, at length brought me relief.Ay, ay; Tempus edax rerum, said Partridge.I then, continued the stranger, betook myself again to my former studies, which I may say perfected my cure; for philosophy and religion may be called the exercises of the mind, and when this is disordered, they are as wholesome as exercise can be to a distempered body. They do indeed produce similar effects with exercise; for they strengthen and confirm the mind, till man becomes, in the noble strain of Horace
My circumstances were now greatly altered by the death of that best of men; for my brother, who was now become master of the house, differed so widely from me in his inclinations, and our pursuits in life had been so very various, that we were the worst of company to each other; but what made our living together still more disagreeable, was the little harmony which could subsist between the few who resorted to me, and the numerous train of sportsmen who often attended my brother from the field to the table; for such fellows, besides the noise and nonsense with which they persecute the ears of sober men, endeavour always to attack them with affront and contempt. This was so much the case, that neither I myself, nor my friends, could ever sit down to a meal with them without being treated with derision, because we were unacquainted with the phrases of sportsmen. For men of true learning, and almost universal knowledge, always compassionate the ignorance of others; but fellows who excel in some little, low, contemptible art, are always certain to despise those who are acquainted with that art.
In short, we soon separated, and I went, by the advice of a physician, to drink the Bath waters; for my violent affliction, added to a sedentary life, had thrown me into a kind of paralytic disorder, for which those waters are accounted an almost certain cure. The second day after my arrival, as I was walking by the river, the sun shone so intensely hot (though it was early in the year), that I retired to the shelter of some willows, and sat down by the river side. Here I had not been seated long before I heard a person on the other side of the willows sighing and bemoaning himself bitterly.
On a sudden, having uttered a most impious oath, he cried, I am resolved to bear it no longer, and directly threw himself into the water. I immediately started, and ran towards the place, calling at the same time as loudly as I could for assistance. An angler happened luckily to be a-fishing a little below me, though some very high sedge had hid him from my sight. He immediately came up, and both of us together, not without some hazard of our lives, drew the body to the shore. At first we perceived no sign of life remaining; but having held the body up by the heels (for we soon had assistance enough), it discharged a vast quantity of water at the mouth, and at length began to discover some symptoms of breathing, and a little afterwards to move both its hands and its legs.
An apothecary, who happened to be present among others, advised that the body, which seemed now to have pretty well emptied itself of water, and which began to have many convulsive motions, should be directly taken up, and carried into a warm bed. This was accordingly performed, the apothecary and myself attending.
When I had seen the man safely deposited there, I left him to the care of the apothecary; who, I suppose, used all the right methods with him, for the next morning I heard he had perfectly recovered his senses.
I then went to visit him, intending to search out, as well as I could, the cause of his having attempted so desperate an act, and to prevent, as far as I was able, his pursuing such wicked intentions for the future. I was no sooner admitted into his chamber, than we both instantly knew each other; for who should this person be but my good friend Mr. Watson! Here I will not trouble you with what past at our first interview; for I would avoid prolixity as much as possible.Pray let us hear all, cries Partridge; I want mightily to know what brought him to Bath. | <urn:uuid:332c0d13-1551-4869-9032-433ec6491e62> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.bartleby.com/301/813.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368704392896/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516113952-00061-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.99008 | 3,158 | 1.507813 | 2 |
The Water of the Wondrous Isles, by William Morris, , at sacred-texts.com
CHAPTER XI. OF BIRDALONE'S GUILT AND THE CHASTISEMENT THEREOF
By this she was come back to the sandy bight, and the sun was westering; and she looked up toward the house and saw that it was the time of their evening meal, for the blue smoke of the cooking fire was going up into the air. So she went thither speedily, and entered gay of seeming. The witch looked on her doubtfully, but presently fell to speaking with her graciously as yesterday, and Birdalone was glad and easy of mind, and went about the serving of her; for always she ate after the dame; and the mistress asked her of many matters concerning the house, and the gathering of stuff.
So came the talk on the fishing of the brook that ran before their door, and how the trouts therein were but little, and not seldom none at all; and even therewith came these words into Birdalone's mouth, she scarce knew how: My lady, why do we not fish the lake, whereas there be shoal places betwixt us and the eyots where lie many and great fish, as I have seen when I have been swimming thereover? And now in that same creek whereas the serpent used to lurk when I was little, we have a thing come, which is made to swim on the water; and I, could I have a long pole to shove withal.
But no time she had to make an end, ere the witch-wife sprang up and turned on her with a snarl as of an evil dog, and her face changed horribly: her teeth showed grinning, her eyes goggled in her head, her brow was all to-furrowed, and her hands clenched like iron springs.
Birdalone shuddered back from her and cringed in mere terror, but had no might to cry out. The witch hauled her up by the hair, and dragged her head back so that her throat lay bare before her all along. Then drew the witch a sharp knife from her girdle, and raised her hand over her, growling and snarling like a wolf. But suddenly she dropped the knife, her hand fell to her side, and she fell in a heap on the floor and lay there hushed.
Birdalone stood gazing on her, and trembling in every limb; too confused was she to think or do aught, though some image off light through the open door passed before her: but her feet seemed of lead, and, as in an evil dream, she had no might to move her limbs, and the minutes went by as she stood there half dead with fear.
At last, (and belike it was no long while) the witch-wife came to herself again, and sat up on the floor, and looked all about the chamber, and when her eyes fell upon Birdalone, she said in a weak voice, yet joyfully; Hah! thou art there still, my good servant! Then she said: A sickness fell upon me suddenly, as whiles it is wont; but now am I myself again; and presently I have a word for thee.
Therewith she rose up slowly, Birdalone helping her, and sat in her big chair silent awhile, and then she spake: My servant, thou hast for the more part served me well: but this time thou hast done ill, whereas thou hast been spying on my ways; whereof may come heavy trouble but if we look to it. Well is it for thee that thou hast none unto whom thou mightest babble; for then must I needs have slain thee here and now. But for this first time I pardon thee, and thou hast escaped the wrath.
Her voice was soft and wheedling; but for Birdalone the terror had entered into her soul, and yet abode with her.
The witch-wife sat a while, and then arose and went about the chamber, and came to a certain aumbry and opened it, and drew forth a little flasket of lead and a golden cup scored over with strange signs, and laid them on the board beside her chair, wherein she now sat down again, and spake once more, still in the same soft and wheedling voice: Yet, my servant, thy guilt would be required of me, if I let this pass as if to-day were the same as yesterday; yea, and of thee also would it be required; therefore it is a part of the pardon that thou be corrected: and the correction must be terrible to thee, that thou mayst remember never again to thrust thyself into the jaws of death. And what may I do to correct thee? It shall be in a strange way, such as thou hast never dreamed of. Yet the anguish thereof shall go to thine heart's root; but this must thou needs bear, for my good and thine, so that both we may live and be merry hereafter. Go now, fill this cup with water from the spring and come back with it. Birdalone took the cup with a sinking heart, and filled it, and brought it back, and stood before the witch more dead than alive.
Then the witch-wife took up the flasket and pulled out the stopple and betook it to Birdalone, and said: Drink of this now, a little sip, no more. And the maiden did so, and the liquor was no sooner down her gullet than the witch-wife and the chamber, and all things about her, became somewhat dim to her; but yet not so much so as that she could not see them. But when she stretched out her arm she could see it not at all, nor her limbs nor any other part of her which her eyes might fall upon. Then would she have uttered a lamentable wail, but the voice was sealed up in her and no sound came from her voice. Then she heard the witch-wife how she said (and yet she heard it as if her voice came from afar), Nay, thou canst not speak, and thou canst not see thyself, nor may any other, save me, and I but dimly. But this is but part of what I must lay upon thee; for next I must give thee a new shape, and that both thyself and all other may see. But, before I do that, I must speak a word to thee, which thy new shape would not suffer the sense thereof to reach to thine heart. Hearken! | <urn:uuid:ccbe4a09-2c16-4e60-a1ee-39008d08c759> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://sacred-texts.com/neu/morris/wwi/wwi012.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368704713110/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516114513-00021-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.982978 | 1,369 | 1.820313 | 2 |
U.S. Troops stationed in Afghanistan built an Islamic center at Kandahar Airfield.
The troops spent 10 weeks converting an old building into a place of worship for Afghan Muslims.
On the weekends, classes will be offered at the center.
"We celebrate the establishment of this center as a place for Muslims within our base community to practice their faith in a solemn and reverent atmosphere," Brig. Gen. Jeffrey Kendall said at the dedication ceremony.
Some say the project shows that the U.S. is not trying to change the Afghan people or their religion.
The conversion was completed just in time for the Muslim month of Ramadan, which began Monday. During Ramadan, Muslims observe a complete fast -- both food and drink -- from dawn to dusk, partaking in a special holiday meal each evening. | <urn:uuid:9ee4034c-49a8-46a9-93bd-3e722070128f> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.cbn.com/cbnnews/world/2011/August/US-Troops-Build-Islamic-Center-at-Kandahar/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368697380733/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516094300-00002-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.958481 | 165 | 1.914063 | 2 |
A gas-mask wearing demonstrator during the first Earth Day celebration in 1970. (Associated Press)
Happy Earth Day!
To start, a quick quiz:
1. Who said the following quote:
“Restoring nature to its natural state is a cause beyond party and beyond factions. It has become a common cause of all the people of this country. It is a cause of particular concern to young Americans, because they, more than we, will wreak the grim consequences of our failure to act on programs which are needed now if we are to prevent disaster later.”
2. Which organization contributed the most money and support to the first Earth Day?
(Yup, you guessed it: you gotta read the post to find the answers.)
Last October California began a dramatic overhaul of its severely overcrowded prison system. Assembly Bill 109 – known as realignment – had the objective of shedding more than 30,000 inmates from in-state prisons and significantly cutting the prison budget. At the time the law took effect, there were more than 143,000 inmates behind bars in California’s 33 prisons. That’s almost twice the system’s design capacity. Meanwhile, California’s Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation received about $10 billion a year from the state’s thinning general fund – over 11 percent of last year’s entire spending plan, more than was spent on the University of California and California State University systems combined. Continue reading →
About two-thirds of Californians drink, bathe, brush their teeth, and flush their toilets with water that comes from the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta. That’s roughly 25 million people who get at least some portion of their hydration from one big triangular watering hole.
But ask most folks what the Delta is, and you’re guaranteed to get a lot of blank stares. One recent poll found that about 4 out 5 people in California had pretty much no idea about it.
It’s pretty easy to take for granted that water magically pours out of the tap when you turn your faucet on. But chances are, that H20 has gone through a pretty serious journey to reach you – and it’s probably worth knowing where it comes from, and how safe the supply is. Continue reading →
Mark Twain is credited with the famous remark: “Whiskey’s for drinking, water’s for fighting about.”
And there is pretty much no better example than the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, which over the last 150 years has undergone epic transformation and been the epicenter of equally epic political battles.
Scroll through the timeline to get a sense of the modern evolution (or de-evolution, depending on how you look at it) of California’s largest water source.
(It may be easier to view in fullscreen mode: to do so, click on button at the bottom right-hand corner of the timeline)
Natural-Bridges State Beach, near Santa Cruz (credit: Ca. Dept. of Parks and Recreation)
“These state parks are our cathedrals. This is what defines us as Californians to the rest of the world. But they are not cheap to run. And so I think Californians need to decide whether it’s worth it to them to save these parks … I think it begs a much deeper question of what we value as Californians.”
- Ruth Coleman, California state parks director
INCLUDES: INTERACTIVE MAPS AND KQED MULTIMEDIA LINKS
Click on the photo to explore KQED's radio and interactive series on California's parks.
California has a lot of state parks. 278 to be exact – more than any other state in the U.S. Some are tiny specks on the map – mini historic sites that you may have driven by without even noticing. Others are vast swaths of land – thousands of preserved acres of old growth forest, sweeping vistas, pristine beaches. Size and stature aside, each has it’s own significance, and the majority were spearheaded as a result of citizen-led campaigns to make the land public and accessible to anyone who wanted to visit. Continue reading →
In 2010, California voters rejected Proposition 21, which would have added an $18 annual surcharge to vehicle license fees and raised about $500 million annually to fund state park and wildlife conservation programs. Now, without the funding, nearly a quarter of the entire system’s sites – almost 70 parks – are in danger of being closed down. During difficult economic times, it’s no surprise that public resources like state parks are given low priority, especially compared to more urgent services like public safety. Continue reading → | <urn:uuid:3d9698a5-4be4-4841-9f6d-a866d6c0d275> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://blogs.kqed.org/lowdown/category/green-space/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368699273641/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516101433-00041-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.952368 | 986 | 2.03125 | 2 |
Bob Brown has underscored his shift from Greens leader to environmental father-figure with the awarding of a series of eponymous prizes to young leaders in the movement.
A campaigned-hardened Tasmanian forest activist Jenny Weber, 34, won a $4000 prize as the Bob Brown Foundation's first Environmentalist of the Year.
Ms Weber has led local campaigns to protect native forests in southern Tasmania for more than a decade, focusing particularly on the tall old-growth Weld Valley, which borders the state's World Heritage-listed wilderness.
"She has been subject to repeated abuse and threat, but also the loss of great wild forests," Dr Brown said.
Ms Weber said she stood with some of the most courageous people in the world when she was conducting forest protests.
"We will continue to stand strong for Tasmania's forests."
The foundation's six-member board named South Australian grassroots climate activist Dan Spencer, 22, as the Young Environmentalist of the year, awarding him a $2000 prize. Mr Spencer is leading a campaign for solar power to replace Port Augusta's coal-fired power stations.
Tree-sitter Miranda Gibson, more than nine months into a vigil for forest protection in Tasmania's Styx Valley, was awarded a $1000 prize for Environmental Courage.
Dr Brown promised that, in next year's awards, there would also be an environmental wooden spoon.
"There are a number of prodigious environmental wreckers who might well get the award," he said. | <urn:uuid:3c7de876-80bf-442e-a16c-1260e7ff6e2d> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.centralwesterndaily.com.au/story/365240/bob-brown-lauds-next-generation/?cs=7 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368710006682/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516131326-00030-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.970052 | 301 | 1.710938 | 2 |
Speech Code of the Month: University of Missouri - St. Louis
March 1, 2012
FIRE announces its Speech Code of the Month for March 2012: the University of Missouri - St. Louis.
The University of Cincinnati (UC) made headlines this month when a student group there filed a federal lawsuit challenging the university’s restrictive policy governing demonstrations, pickets, and rallies on campus. But UC is far from the only university to place onerous and unconstitutional restrictions on students’ right to express themselves on campus. At the University of Missouri - St. Louis, the “Demonstration” policy (.pdf) in the Student Organization Handbook provides that
If an organization wants to hold any type of rally, demonstration, or similar activities, they should contact the Student Affairs Office at least six (6) weeks' before the event. Any organization holding a rally, demonstration, or similar event shall appoint four responsible students to act as marshals. It will be the duty of the marshals to ensure that all participants are properly instructed as to provisions of these regulations and that no action is performed which will discredit the student body or UM-St. Louis.
This policy suffers from several flaws. First, the six-week notice requirement completely denies students the ability to demonstrate or protest in response to unfolding events and deprives them of the immediacy of their message. Students are instead forced to wait an absurd amount of time before they can exercise their basic constitutional rights.
Second, the prohibition on demonstrations that “discredit the student body or UM-St. Louis” is hopelessly vague and overbroad, giving the administration total discretion to censor or punish controversial demonstrations on campus. If students want to protest what they perceive as wrongful actions by the UM-St. Louis administration, can this demonstration be shut down because it “discredits” the university? If students want to demonstrate in favor of marijuana legalization, might the administration decide that their pro-drug message “discredits” the student body?
Oddly, the same Student Organization Handbook has a statement referring to the university’s “open campus” policy wherein students and faculty “have the right to hear and express varying viewpoints,” including “the freedom to demonstrate in an orderly fashion.” However, there is no explanation of how this policy intersects with the extremely restrictive demonstration policy. If the university is to be an “open campus,” it must strike these onerous restrictions so that students can truly exercise their freedom to protest and demonstrate.
Students at the University of Cincinnati are now demanding that their university answer for its unconstitutional restrictions on their First Amendment rights to free expression and assembly. As a fellow public institution, the University of Missouri - St. Louis is equally responsible for upholding those rights, and it is failing to do so. For this reason, it is our March 2012 Speech Code of the Month.
If you believe that your college’s or university’s policy should be a Speech Code of the Month, please email email@example.com with a link to the policy and a brief description of why you think attention should be drawn to this code. If you are a current college student or faculty member interested in free speech, consider joining FIRE’s Campus Freedom Network, an organization of college faculty members and students dedicated to advancing individual liberties on their campuses. You also can add FIRE’s Speech Code of the Month Widget to your blog or website and help shed some much-needed sunlight on these repressive policies. | <urn:uuid:bb4bd74d-dff2-4ace-a3bc-c646c5b8d4ab> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://thefire.org/article/14254.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368703682988/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516112802-00007-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.934517 | 729 | 1.664063 | 2 |
I am a huge advocate of Montessori Parent-Toddler Programs. I loved the first program I attended with Caspar many years ago. There is only so much Montessori you can learn online and in books. Getting a first hand experience is invaluable. If you have a toddler and are even just slightly the littlest bit interested in Montessori I encourage you to check out a program near you.
- The room, the shelves, the materials are ready prepared. There is no preparation on your part the teacher/group leader has done the hard work for you.
- Your child is exposed to a wide range of activities. It's unrealistic to expect that anyone could provide all of these activities or all of these materials in a home environment.
- You have the opportunity to observe your child using the materials, how they use them, which are their favourite. This can provide inspiration for similar activities or extension activities at home.
- You get to build a community with like minded parents. Sharing ideas and experiences can be really helpful especially when you have children of similar age.
- If you are considering Montessori schooling a Parent-Toddler Program is a great introduction. Your child will become familiar with the environment. You can see if Montessori is a good fit for both you and your child.
- You can ask questions. The teacher/group leader will have extensive knowledge on Montessori. Have a question it's likely they know the answer. Toilet learning to sleep - their knowledge extends further than the classroom.
- Often these programs have a library, suggested reading or useful brochures. They can be a great resource especially if you ask the teacher/group leader for recommendations.
- You can focus on your child uninterrupted. No need to worry about cleaning the dishes or hanging out the washing, this is special one-on-one time.
- Some programs have purpose built facilities. Children have the opportunity to use real toddler sized sinks and toilets which can be really empowering.
Live in Canberra or the ACT region? The Canberra Montessori School is opening a new Parent Toddler Program in Forde. The next open day is this Thursday 20th September, 9.30-11.30am, at the Forde Community Centre, corner Francis Forde Boulevarde & Zakharov Avenue. I hope to make it with Otis so if you want to catch up/meet there please send me an email (firstname.lastname@example.org).
In London (Grange Park and Oakwood)? Have a look at the I Can Do It! toddler classes run by Rochelle. Thinking about setting up your own toddler group? Rachel wrote a fantastic post How to host a Montessori parent/toddler group which includes lots of detailed photographs. I'm not sure if it's wider issue but if you are interested in attending a parent-toddler program be prepared to go on a waiting list. Many programs are very popular (and run with small class sizes) so the sooner you get on the waiting list the better. | <urn:uuid:8db42c53-4f4e-4175-9530-4f3a39d16259> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.howwemontessori.com/how-we-montessori/2012/09/why-attend-a-montessori-parent-toddler-program.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368708766848/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516125246-00026-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.939558 | 630 | 1.898438 | 2 |
The first complete index for the 1851 Census for all of Canada will be available for searching on October 24, 2006. This database will enable genealogists to search the 1851 Census of Canada by name, in addition to searching by location, with superior searching and viewing capabilities. This is the first time a comprehensive index has been made available, making it possible to track down ancestors who have been impossible to find until now without searching through reels of microfilm.
The 1851 Census offers information about the residents of Canada East (Quebec), Canada West (Ontario), New Brunswick, and Nova Scotia. This was the first census taken after the rush of immigrants from the Irish famine. There are no census returns that old for Ireland; so, if you are looking for Irish famine arrivals in Canada, this census will be the first census to show them.
In this project, 1,487,802 names have been indexed. Since the population of Canada was just over 2 million, there is a good chance your ancestors' names will be found. Many of the 1851 census records were lost, so you will find numerous gaps.
You will need a subscription to Ancestry.com or to Ancestry.ca in order to search for ancestors by name and to view the images.
More information may be found at http://allcensusrecords.com/canada/census-news.shtml. | <urn:uuid:e8875b26-f306-4713-b2a8-670143def685> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://blog.eogn.com/eastmans_online_genealogy/2006/10/1851_census_for.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368704713110/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516114513-00024-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.941191 | 288 | 3.09375 | 3 |
Classroom Resources for Teachers
Extend museum learning into your classroom with materials that are designed for use with your students before and after their visit. These resources may also be used to enrich classroom teaching if you are unable to make a trip to PEM.
The Peabody Essex Museum’s Education Department has produced a set of original resources on Asian art and culture that feature the museum’s collection of Chinese, Japanese and Korean art. Comprised of sourcebooks, lesson plans and art cards, these resources were written for K-12 teachers by museum educators with academic and experiential knowledge of Asia.
Perfect Imbalance: Exploring Chinese Aesthetics Curriculum
The Web component for the special exhibition Perfect Imbalance: Exploring Chinese Aesthetics was developed by the Peabody Essex Museum as a resource for students and teachers. Along with a select group of objects and textual information, the site also provides three lesson plans that explore the unique characteristics of Chinese art. (This site contains images of some works no longer on view in the exhibition.)
The ECHOspace project was developed in an effort to explore how museums can work together to expand their services, emphasizing technology through use of the internet, education and community. | <urn:uuid:1de87961-9d98-4cce-9336-44c555bb0a0c> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.pem.org/learn/teacher_learning_resources/classroom_resources | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368699881956/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516102441-00007-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.955132 | 253 | 3.296875 | 3 |
(Photo: SF Zoo / NBC Bay Area)
It’s anyone’s guess what the sex of the 10-day old Sumatran tiger at the San Francisco zoo is.
That’s because no human has been inside the Lion House to see the cub, born Feb. 10 to parents Leanne and Larry. Still photographs taken from the video camera inside the grotto show the striped cub nuzzled against its resting mother.
(Photo: Australian Reptile Park via EPA)
Zookeepers at the Australian Reptile Park stand on scales as they weigh a 21-foot-long python named Atomic Betty, on Jan 9. Reports state that the 14-year-old python weighed in at over 304 pounds.
(Photo: Luke Macgregor / Reuters)
More than 17,500 animals, including birds, fish, mammals, reptiles and amphibians are counted in the annual census at the London Zoo. The count is a compulsory part of the zoo’s license and the information is used for managing international breeding programs of endangered animals.
(Photo: Jessie Cohen/AFP - Getty Images file)
The giant panda cub born a week ago at the National Zoo in Washington has died, and it was not immediately known why the animal died, zoo officials said Sunday.
Zoo officials said in a press release that the cub was found dead Sunday morning after panda keepers heard sounds of distress from its mother, Mei Xiang.
(Photo: Jessie Cohen / AFP - Getty Images file)
WASHINGTON — Mei Xiang, the National Zoo’s giant panda, gave birth to a panda cub Sunday night — her second — after five false alarms in a row.
The new cub was born at 10:46 p.m. Sunday. The zoo announced the news about four hours later.
(Photo: Andrew Cowie / AFP - Getty Images)
ZSL’s Zoological Director, David Field says: “We need to know the vital statistics of every animal at the Zoo – however big or small.”
Zookeepers at the London Zoo are responsible for more than 16,000 animals, spending countless hours recording the weight and measurements of each and every animal, including penguins, meerkats, lions and owls. The measurements are collated in the Zoological Information Management System, from which zoologists can use the data to compare information on thousands of endangered species.
The Olympic spirit is up and running at London Zoo on Thursday, as Bob the owl, takes on a 100 cm - yes - 100 cm sprint. Bob was participating in the zoo’s daily Animal Athletes in Action and showing off his unique running technique. The six inch tall owl works daily to beat his personal best time his keeper comments.
They say it takes a village to raise a child, but what about an orphaned baby beluga? This 112-pound newborn whale calf was found without its mom in South Naknek, Alaska last Thursday just after a large storm swept over the open sea, according to a press release from the Alaska SeaLife Center. Rescuers tried to guide the stranded beluga back to deeper waters, but the disoriented infant kept returning to the shoreline, wandering further away from home. Three of the Center’s staffers fetched the homesick two or three day old calf, the first of its kind to be rescued in U.S. waters.
An activist from the animal-rights group AnimaNaturalis takes part in a performance to mark the “International Day for the Rights of the Elephants” in front of Barcelona’s Zoo, on June 20, in Barcelona.
Zoo owner and artist Aleksandr Pylyshenko lies next to female African lion Katya inside a cage at a private zoo situated in his yard in the city of Vasilyevka, southeastern Ukraine August 3. Pylyshenko decided to spend five weeks in a cage with a pair of African lions, Katya and Samson, to get money for improving the lions’ living conditions, according to local media. He is broadcasting it on internet to attract the public’s attention to plight of wild animals in private Ukrainian zoos, which do not get enough funding.
Photo: Gleb Garanich / Reuters
More photos at the PhotoBlog | <urn:uuid:b16b8b58-6072-41a5-8bc6-233131b7c288> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://nbcnews.tumblr.com/tagged/Zoo | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368701852492/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516105732-00066-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.931218 | 896 | 2.171875 | 2 |
Substitute Senate Bill No. 1029
Public Act No. 03-15
AN ACT CONCERNING BOILERS AND HOT WATER HEATERS.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives in General Assembly convened:
Section 1. Section 29-231 of the general statutes is repealed and the following is substituted in lieu thereof (Effective October 1, 2003):
The provisions of this chapter shall not apply to: (1) Boilers under federal control; (2) portable boilers used in pumping, heating, steaming and drilling in the open field; (3) portable boilers used solely for agricultural purposes; (4) [boilers on steam fire engines brought into the state for temporary use in checking conflagrations; (5)] steam heating boilers, [carrying a pressure of not more than fifteen pounds per square inch, when used in private homes or apartment houses of not more than five families, provided they are equipped with adequate safety devices; (6) hot water heating boilers carrying a pressure of not more than thirty pounds per square inch] hot water heaters and hot water heating boilers, when used in private homes or apartment houses of not more than five families; [, provided they are equipped with adequate safety devices; (7) boilers installed and inspected under any city, town or borough system of boiler inspection under standards equivalent to those established under the provisions of this chapter; (8)] (5) hot water heaters approved by a nationally recognized testing agency [which] that are equipped with adequate safety devices including a temperature and pressure relief valve, having a nominal water capacity of not more than one hundred twenty gallons and a heat input of not more than two hundred thousand British thermal units per hour and used solely for hot water supply carrying a pressure of not more than one hundred sixty pounds per square inch and operating at temperatures of not more than two hundred and ten degrees Fahrenheit provided such heaters are not installed in schools, day care centers, public or private hospitals, nursing or boarding homes, churches [,] or public buildings, [or other places of public assembly; (9)] as defined in section 1-1; (6) antique or model boilers used in public, nonprofit engineering or scientific museums and operated for educational, historical or exhibition purposes having a shell diameter of less than twelve inches and a grate surface area of less than one square foot; and [(10)] (7) public service companies, as defined in section 16-1.
Approved April 29, 2003 | <urn:uuid:3312f0ba-f79c-4b32-9f24-dcf62e2053fd> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.cga.ct.gov/2003/act/Pa/2003PA-00015-R00SB-01029-PA.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368697380733/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516094300-00023-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.918755 | 516 | 1.710938 | 2 |
Warming to the Inconvenient Facts
By Michael Grunwald
Sunday, July 23, 2006
Global warming is having its moment in the sun. The climate crisis is on "60 Minutes" and in Tom Brokaw's new documentary, on the cover of Time and Newsweek, and in Al Gore's new movie and best-selling book. But while polls show that most Americans now believe that global warming is real and significantly manmade -- in 100-degree Washington last week, it felt more real than ever -- they are much less concerned about the issue than non-Americans, and much less willing to support dramatic action to address it.
The problem is, most scientists now believe dramatic action is necessary to prevent a climate catastrophe. They warn that unless humans can reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 70 percent, global warming could threaten the habitability of the earth. That's the inconvenient part of "An Inconvenient Truth." And when Gore's critics complain that such drastic reductions would require an assault on our way of life, they're telling the truth, too.
But what if Americans decided that such changes truly were necessary?
If our get-serious rhetoric on climate change were to be more than a new form of low-carbon emissions, we would have to change not only the way we live and the way we drive, but the way we think about political issues. And not only the politics of energy and the environment. If the scientists are right about an apocalyptic future of floods, droughts, dead coral reefs, rising sea levels and advancing deserts, global warming is an existential threat that should affect our approach to just about every issue. To take it seriously, we would have to change the way we think about transportation, agriculture, development, water resources, natural disasters, foreign relations and more.
It is possible to imagine a climate-conscious politics that would stretch far beyond the modest carbon reductions we rejected in the Kyoto Protocol, a politics where a policy's atmospheric costs would be evaluated along with its fiscal costs, a politics of inconvenient truths. In fact, the path to that politics is already starting to emerge, with talk inside the Beltway and action outside it.
President Bush recently decided to overturn decades of bipartisan U.S. policy by cooperating with Russia on nuclear energy issues. "We need alternatives to hydrocarbons," his assistant energy secretary explained.
Bush is no climate convert; he's more concerned with enlisting Russia's support against Iran and promoting America's nuclear industry. But it's notable how his administration made its case. Nuclear power is problematic in many ways, but it doesn't contribute to the greenhouse effect, so its supporters now make greenhouse arguments. Similarly, the sugar industry now defends its controversial price supports from the government by noting that its cane can be converted into ethanol. And the Army Corps of Engineers defends questionable navigation projects that ravage rivers to ease the way for a few barges by bragging about how many gas-guzzling trucks each barge takes off the road. Come 2008, when presidential candidates start pandering about corn ethanol in Iowa, they'll surely say they're trying to save the Earth.
Climate change may not always elevate the debate in Washington, but it is changing the debate, even on seemingly tangential issues. For if we take climate change seriously, there aren't many tangential issues. We emit greenhouse gases whenever we use fuel or electricity -- when we drive or fly, heat or cool our homes, grow or manufacture or transport our products. And government policies can encourage more or less of those activities in more or less greenhouse-friendly ways.
The obvious place to start is energy: The U.S. government provides about $25 billion in annual subsidies to fossil-fuel industries; environmentalists hope to eliminate them, or shift them into wind and solar power, energy-efficient appliances and other clean technologies. The United States also has lax fuel-efficiency standards for cars and trucks, which produce nearly one-third of our emissions; Japan's requirements are twice as stringent, and even China's are tougher. And the United States has yet to regulate carbon, or even make a commitment to cut emissions; by contrast, Germany, Britain and the Netherlands have pledged reductions of 50 percent, 60 percent and 80 percent, respectively.
But the debate is gradually starting to shift. Kyoto is still a bad word on Capitol Hill, but momentum is slowly building for modest carbon regulations pushed by Sens. John McCain (R-Ariz.) and Joseph I. Lieberman (D-Conn.), and Sen. James M. Jeffords (I-Vt.) introduced a bill Thursday that envisions 80 percent reductions by 2050. Few U.S. politicians are willing even to think about higher fuel taxes in a time of soaring gas prices, but there is talk of higher fuel-efficiency standards.
In the future, though, the climate debate will be much more than an energy debate. We would need cleaner power and fuel to cut emissions, but we would also need to use less power and fuel. That would require changes to our energy-gorging routines -- more biking, walking, carpooling, telecommuting and mass transit; smarter growth patterns; less energy-intensive agriculture; more recycling; less waste. We would need an ecologically sustainable economy, not the current cheap-oil-based one that Earth Policy Institute President Lester Brown calls the "throwaway economy."
This is where climate consciousness really gets inconvenient. For example, a climate-conscious transportation policy might target the 2.3 billion gallons of oil that Americans waste idling in traffic every year by funding commuter rail, bike paths and other alternatives to cars. A climate-conscious development policy might discourage sprawling subdivisions, instead promoting high-density neighborhoods that would reduce distances for commutes, as well as smaller homes that would require less energy to heat and cool. A climate-conscious agriculture policy might encourage organic farms, local produce and other efforts to reduce energy-intense irrigation, tilling, fertilizer and pesticide use, and long-distance shipping. A climate-conscious forestry policy might reward landowners who plant carbon-absorbing trees. A climate-conscious foreign policy -- if we ever got a handle on our own emissions -- could encourage other nations, especially fast-growing countries such as India and China, to act responsibly. And a climate-conscious campaign finance policy might seek to blunt the power of fossil-fuel industries.
"There's no way we can solve all these problems as long as the oil-and-coal monopoly calls the shots in Washington," says Ross Gelbspan, the author of "Boiling Point."
Sooner or later, and probably sooner, politics will also have to face the predicted effects of climate change, such as more frequent hurricanes and wildfires, rising sea levels and persistent water shortages. That may require rethinking federal flood insurance, lax wetlands protections and other policies that promote development in vulnerable areas. The irrigation-friendly water laws of the West may not survive a new era of drought. The Homeland Security Department could be forced to shift its focus from terrorism to natural disasters and disease outbreaks, and taxpayers would have to decide how much they want to pay for skyrocketing disaster costs here and abroad.
The climate emergency is not yet driving these debates; it is only offering "now more than ever" ammunition for supporters of various policies. Last year, Congress passed a "comprehensive" energy bill that did nothing to cure our oil addiction and a $286 billion transportation bill that will mostly fund new sprawl roads. Corn ethanol -- arguably the least efficient biofuel -- has gained new support from would-be presidential candidates such as Sen. George Allen (R-Va.), but it has always had plenty of backers.
Washington is finally talking about climate. But for action, try Bentonville, Ark., where Wal-Mart chief executive H. Lee Scott Jr. announced this month that his company would double the energy efficiency of its 7,000-truck fleet in a decade, reduce waste from its U.S. stores by 25 percent in three years and design a new prototype store that will reduce greenhouse emissions by 30 percent. "Have you ever known Wal-Mart not to follow through on a commitment of this kind?" one speaker asked. "I have not."
The speaker was Al Gore.
Indeed, Wal-Mart is already cutting emissions, which is a big deal, because the company is the largest private consumer of electricity on the planet. Wal-Mart has reduced its fuel use 8 percent by preventing its trucks from idling, saving $25 million over the past year while cutting 100,000 metric tons of emissions. It recently began buying organic cotton, and all 3,700 of its U.S. stores are using energy-efficient light bulbs. Wal-Mart is so big that a slight reduction in the packaging of one of its toy lines saved the company $2.4 million last year by cutting trucking costs, while saving 1,000 barrels of oil and 3,800 trees.
Scott thinks waste reduction and energy efficiency are good for business as well as the Earth; he eventually wants his company to generate zero waste and use only renewable energy, and he wants his 60,000 suppliers to follow suit. That could drive the climate debate faster than years of congressional bloviation.
And other sectors of corporate America are paying attention to climate as well. The storm-battered insurance and reinsurance industries are redlining vulnerable coastal areas. U.S. farmers are embracing no-till agriculture in growing numbers. Even some energy firms are trying to move "Beyond Petroleum," as the BP Global ads say; Entergy Corp. recently joined 12 states in suing the Bush administration over its refusal to regulate carbon emissions.
States are leading the battle against greenhouse gases, filing lawsuits against the Bush administration's fuel-efficiency and clean-air efforts as well. California, for example, has proposed strict fuel-efficiency standards for cars sold in the state, and Republican Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger wants to reduce the state's greenhouse emissions 80 percent by 2050. As last week's heat wave stoked brownout fears, he also announced a statewide conservation push, pleading with Californians to use less energy.
Ultimately, conservation will have to play a big role in any emissions cuts; Vice President Cheney has mocked it as a virtuous but ludicrous energy strategy, yet the collective impact of individual actions could be huge. The question is whether Americans are capable of changing their way of life without a World War II-style emergency. So far, they don't seem to think global warming qualifies; a Pew Global Attitudes Project poll last month found that only 19 percent of Americans care about it "a great deal," compared with 66 percent of Japanese and 65 percent of Indians.
But we care about soaring energy prices. We may not buy energy-efficient bulbs just because Wal-Mart gives them nice shelf space, but we might if they'll reduce our rising electricity bills. We may not buy hybrid cars to save the planet, but we might buy them to save at the pump. Global warming hasn't forced us to get serious about conservation, but the energy crisis that our runaway consumption has helped to create just might.
Money, after all, talks even louder than Al Gore.
Michael Grunwald is a Washington Post staff writer who bikes to work. | <urn:uuid:317d88e4-b943-4a86-9d91-b3acd044885e> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.clean-air.org/inconvenientfactsaboutglobalwarming.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368708142388/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516124222-00008-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.954504 | 2,306 | 2 | 2 |
updated 07:25 pm EDT, Tue May 26, 2009
In brief: TidBITS publishing has released two new e-books, authored by Joe Kissell, which provide tips on maintaining and fixing Mac computers. The e-books can help Mac users achieve peak performance from their computers and are available for $10 each of $16 as a bundle. CourseForum Technologies has announced a new two-for-one promotion on all of its license sales. Any customer who purchases licenses for one of its products before June 30th will instantly receive double the order for free. Meanwhile, new details on the upcoming iPhone game Circuit Strike.One have been released. The game takes place inside a computer network where players are trying to hack all of the nodes in a network.
A new pair of e-books, which bring together a list of tips for maintaining and fixing Mac computers, have been released by TidBITS Publishing. Take Control of Maintaining Your Mac includes suggestions on how to keep a Mac computer running smoothly. It outlines tasks that users should perform on a weekly, monthly and yearly basis, along with several time-consuming tasks that users should avoid. Take Control of Troubleshooting Your Mac includes advice that can help readers avoid, prepare and deal with different problems. Some of the addressed problems include kernel panics, abnormal slowdowns, broken Internet connections and uncooperative mice or keyboards. The books are available individually for $10 or as a bundle for $16.
CourseForum Technologies is currently offering a special two-for-one promotion that hasn't been offered since 2003. Any customer who purchases a license or group of licenses for either the CourseForum or ProjectForum applications before June 30th will instantly get double what they paid for. ProjectForum allows users to configure shared web-based workspaces that provide a central place to collect, manage and discuss work. CourseForum is an educational variant of the software, optimized for setting up e-learning sites that can enhance in-class tutorials. Two ProjectForum licenses can currently be purchased for $250 while two CourseForum licenses can be purchased for $120.
Developers of the upcoming iPhone game Circuit Strike.One have released new details and a video showing gameplay. Players control a ship in a zero-gravity simulation inside an advanced computer network. All of the nodes in the network must be hacked by destroying a data core which is protected various shield generators. The game provides three difficulty levels, 30 different achievements, basic and advanced control layouts, and a bullet-time slow-motion feature which dynamically changes audio speed and pitch to match the gameplay speed. The application does not yet have an official release date, but is expected to be available within the next few weeks. | <urn:uuid:e228bf66-2c91-40ad-9214-c5c2cd39bbbb> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.macnn.com/articles/09/05/26/circuit.strikeone/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368711005985/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516133005-00066-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.951565 | 557 | 1.703125 | 2 |
July 31st, 2008
The postcards in this exhibit are from the Savannah Postcard Collection, MS 016, from the Jen Library’s collection, the Savannah College of Art and Design. Most of the postcards are in the public domain, but not all. Postcards published after 1923 may be covered by copyright. The Jen Library of the Savannah College of Art and Design cannot provide permission to publish.
National Guard Armory/Poetter Hall
Boston architect William Gibbons Preston designed the National Guard Armory in 1892. Located on the corner of Bull and Charlton Streets, adjacent to Madison Square, it was the site of the Savannah Female Orphan Asylum. Preston’s original commission was to add to the existing building, but it was later decided to demolish it and build the whole complex anew. It was constructed of pressed red brick, red mortar, brownstone, wrought iron, terra cotta, and wood and featured the rounded arched windows of th the Richardsonian Romanesque style.
The building was purchased by the fledgling Savannah College of Art and Design in early 1979 and renovated extensively into classrooms, office space, and studios by the fall of that year when the college opened its doors to students.
Jewish Educational Alliance / Pulaski House
The Savannah chapter of the Jewish Educational Alliance built this facility on Pulaski Square in 1914. It was later owned by both the Tabernacle Baptist Church and the Salvation Army, and functioned as a church, a lodge, and a shelter for homeless women and children. It was leased then purchased by SCAD in 1995. Now an apartment-style residence hall for female students, Pulaski House accommodates up to four students in each unit, with private baths and kitchenettes.
Chatham County Jail / Habersham House
The Old Chatham County Jail was built in 1887, to replace an earlier structure. A competition was held and the McDonald Brothers, Harry P. (1848-1904) and Kenneth (1847-1904), of Louisville, Kentucky, were selected. Kenneth arrived in Savannah in 1886 and hired local project architect, DeWitt Bruyn and contractor, W. F. Bowe. Their design specified a jailer’s residence to be on the southern elevation and the cell block running to parallel Habersham. Prisoners would be separated by gender. Their plan contained 117 cells, 2 small basement level dungeons, a cell for condemned prisoners, an infirmary, and the 93 foot high clock tower. It featured such innovations as an elevator to bring food to the upper floors, speaking tubes, and gas lighting. The structure was built of brick, iron, stone, and stucco and stood four stories. It covered 42,884 square feet. Both the jailer’s residence and the cell block had rusticated granite bases with upper walls of gray Savannah brick, covered with stucco and scored to resemble masonry.
A fire destroyed the original tower with a Byzantine style dome in 1898. The rebuilt tower was designed as a Moorish turret, rising 106 feet with four cast iron balconies. The jail was in use until 1978, with a renovation in 1957 by Bergen and Bergen Architects. In 1983, a group of investors considered developing the building into condominiums, but the project failed. The property was donated to SCAD in 1986. For a while, it was thought that the building could be renovated to house the college library, but that plan proved problematic. The area that was the jailer’s residence and the tower have been renovated, but the cell block area remains gutted. The building has been renamed Habersham Hall and houses English as a Second Language.
Masonic Temple/ Scottish Rite Building / SCAD Security
Hymen W. Witcover, architect for Savannah’s City Hall and other buildings, designed the Masonic Temple, which was built in 1912. The building was better known as the Scottish Rite Temple. Witcover, a Freemason, incorporated a great deal of symbolism into the building. It was constructed of reinforced concrete with terra-cotta overlays. If you are interested in the Freemason symbolism, please see their article about the building. The building is located on Madison Square at the corner of Bull and Charlton Streets.
Solomon Drug Store, one of the oldest drug stores in the country, leased the ground floor when the building was completed. In 1870, Solomon Drug Store filled a prescription for General Robert E. Lee, on a tour through the South and a few months before his death, where he met with General Joseph E. Johnston. The drug store has been acquired by the college and is now operated as the Gryphon Tea Room.
U S Marine Hospital / York Hall
The Marine Hospital, located at the corner of York and Drayton Streets, opened in 1907. Part of a federal program constructing hospitals in various port cities to provide health care for Merchant Marine sailors, the hospital also played a key role in monitoring and preventing the spread of infectious diseases. The hospital’s mission grew over the first few years it was open to include a wider variety of public health functions and in 1912, the name was change to the Public Health Service. It operated as a low income out-patient health facility until 2003. The college acquired the building shortly after that and remodeled it into administrative offices. It is now known as York Hall.
There are rumors that the Marine Hospital is one of the most haunted structures in Savannah. Many sailors arriving with a fever were sent to the hospital’s quarantine ward to prevent a disease outbreak. It is thought that some of those who died in the quarantine ward still are present in spirit and are occasionally seen in the upstairs windows.
Downtowner Motor Inn / Oglethorpe House
The Downtowner Motor Inn, later to become the Civic Center Ramada Inn, was built in 1966. Centrally located on Ogelthorpe Avenue, it was convenient to the downtown and the Civic Center as well as the Historic district. Its style, a segmented box on stilts with lots of glass, gives a nod to Le Corbusier’s Savoye. The college purchased and renovated the structure to serve as a residence hall, paving the way for similar hotel to dorm conversions.
Anderson Street School /Anderson Hall
Gottfried Norman designed the Anderson Street School at 412 East Anderson Street in 1896. The building cost $20,000 and was 20,478 square feet. It was designed using elements of classical and Colonial style and constructed of an ornate red brick with gray terra cotta detailing and other architectural details of granite, concrete, and limestone. A wrought iron fence using simple geometric elements enclosed the school grounds. Some features included hollow walls for coolness, steam heat, and a southern exposure. An octagonal cupola with faceted pilasters and a lantern shaped dome is at the summit of the roof. The school was acquired and renovated by SCAD in 1988, and renamed Anderson Hall.
Barnard Street School / Pepes Hall
The Barnard Street School, at 212 West Taylor Street, was designed by Norman using the same floor plan as the Anderson Street School. It was built on the site of the original Barnard Street Elementary School, which had been designed by John Norris and built in 1854. It had been used as a military hospital by Sherman’s army during the Civil War. The new 20,759 square foot school building was $75,000 in 1905. The two story building was designed in a Mediterranean revival style with a battered brick basement level, a terra cotta roof, and a central bell tower. The building was originally covered in rusticated stucco with sandstone detailing around the windows. The school closed in 1956 and served as administrative offices until 1961. It reopened as a school in 1961. It was acquired by SCAD in 1988, renovated, and renamed Pepe Hall.
Henry Street School / Eckburg Hall
The Henry Street School, located at 115 Henry Street, was designed by Gottfried Norman and built by Andrew J. Aylesworth. The plans for the Queen Anne revival styled building were accepted in 1891, with costs estimated at $30,000. It is constructed of red brick with terra cotta ornamentation by Southern Terra Cotta Works of Atlanta and accented with rusticated granite. A large arched entrance under a gabled center pavilion made an impressive portal. The rounded arches were Richardsonian Romanesque and an iron fence ringed the perimeter. The first floor windows were topped by arched transoms with small multiple square lights.
In 1910, additions for each end of the building were designed by Hyman Witcover. He used the same façade treatment and added gables to the side elevations of the building. The building was used as a school until 1975. In 1986, it was purchased by SCAD and renovated to provide classroom space. Most of the original design elements were kept in tact. It was renamed Henry Hall, and later changed to Eckburg Hall.
Arthur Lucas built the Lucas Theatre in 1921 with architect C.K. Howell. Howell was the architect for a number of theaters all over the country. According to a 1920’s era postcard of the theater it was built on the site of the home of Sir John Houston, the first Governor of Georgia. At the time, it was state of the art and sumptuous, and was an eclectic mix of many styles including Adamesque, Italianate, Art Deco, and others. The Lucas was built primarily as a movie palace, but also included a stage for live performances. Arthur Lucas owned more than 20 theaters throughout the South, including the Fox Theater in Atlanta. The Lucas Theatre in Savannah is the only one named after him.
The popularity of the theater began to diminish as the population moved to the suburbs and television became the entertainment choice. In 1976, the Lucas Theatre closed. Several unsuccessful attempts were made to convert the theater into an alternate use, but the building was eventually slated for demolition.
In 1986, Lucas Theatre for the Performing Arts, Inc. was established as a not-for-profit corporation by Savannah residents Emma and Lee Adler and the building was purchased. The restoration took 14 years campaign and 14 million dollars. The effort was aided by donations from Savannahians and such celebrities as Kevin Spacey, as well as the cast and crew of Forrest Gump. In December of 2000, the Lucas had a grand reopening.
The Lucas Theater now enjoys a relationship with the Savannah College of Art and Design. The college uses the space for a number of events such as the Savannah Film Festival while supporting the theater’s overhead. The college’s support makes the Lucas available for many community uses also. The theater has presented not only film entertainment, but also concerts and performances, plays, and musicals, bringing in an average of more than 1,000 people per week | <urn:uuid:472df1f1-1d39-4572-a75f-b94388d44399> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://blog.scad.edu/speccoll/exhibits/before-they-were-scad-buildings-an-exhibit-of-postcards/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368703682988/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516112802-00055-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.977985 | 2,253 | 2.453125 | 2 |
METEORITE ADVENTURES: NEW ORLEANS
On Tuesday, September 23,. 2003 at ~4:00 pm, a large meteorite fell in downtown New Orleans. A single stone fell through the roof of a house, and destroyed an antique wooden desk, penetrated the upstairs room floor, then entered the downstairs bathroom, narrowly missing the toilet. It then punctured a hole through the bottom floor of the house, entering the ground beneath the home and then shattering into many pieces. The estimated weight of the stone (in fragments) is ~20 kilograms.
Amazingly, it seems that no one saw or heard and sign of this meteorite as it entered the atmosphere, and the only report of any sound was made by the neighbor, who heard what she thought was a car accident at ~4:00 pm. She rushed outside and saw nothing, then forgot about the sound until her neighbor came home that evening and came over asking her about why his home was severely damaged. They thought that perhaps an airplane part had fallen off and hit the house. When he sorted through the debris, he noticed small pieces of burned stone, and then realized that it must be a meteorite.
I was visiting my friend in Arkansas when I heard of the fall, my friend and I immediately jumped on a flight to New Orleans, and made arrangements to see the lucky owner of the newly destroyed home the next day.
The meteorite is being sent out
for analysis and more data will follow when I get it. | <urn:uuid:7063f9fe-33d6-4c12-bf5a-0d4e9363ef5f> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://meteoriteguy.com/new-orleans.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368708766848/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516125246-00030-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.978245 | 306 | 2.046875 | 2 |
Monterey County, Calif., residents are one step closer to riding light rail between Monterey and Marina after the Transportation Agency for Monterey County (TAMC) selected light rail as the locally preferred alternative for the Monterey Branch Line transit corridor.
The 16-mile corridor extends between Monterey and Castroville on the publicly owned tracks adjacent to Highway 1.
For the past few years, TAMC board members have been discussing and reviewing the benefits to bus rapid transit (BRT) or light rail transit for the planned corridor. Light rail was selected based on its ability to provide superior transportation in the long-term while best meeting the vision and future plans for each of the peninsula cities, according to agency officials.
Light rail vehicles hold more riders than BRT vehicles and, unlike BRT, have the ability to add train cars at a nominal operating cost, which will be beneficial when ridership increases in the future, said TAMC officials.
This capability to respond to long-term growth is an essential feature of this mode choice. With tracks in the corridor, intercity rail can one day run from San Francisco to
Monterey, providing a fast and efficient way of getting to and from San Francisco.
The first phase of the project will run between Monterey and north Marina with key
stations in Monterey, Seaside, Sand City, Marina/CSUMB, and connecting bus service to Pacific Grove and Carmel to the south and Salinas to the east. Later phases will extend service to the planned commuter rail station in Castroville and increase the frequency of trains.
The total capital cost for Phase 1 of the project is $128.5 million. One of the next steps for the project will be to design computer simulations of what the light rail vehicles will look like running on the corridor through the cities of Monterey and Marina. These visualizations were requested by the cities to help illustrate how light rail will fit in with their communities.
The TAMC will also hold meetings with each of the cities to determine the best design and location for the transit stations, in particular where the terminus of the line will occur in Monterey.
Then, TAMC will complete the federal and state environmental review documents in
preparation for requesting a major contribution of federal transit funds for construction.
Start of service is planned for early 2015. | <urn:uuid:b5be62f6-c071-4c98-9adc-f205a51def14> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.metro-magazine.com/news/story/2009/10/monterey-calif-taps-light-rail-for-transit-corridor.aspx | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368704392896/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516113952-00069-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.928681 | 479 | 1.671875 | 2 |
LSU Researchers Receive Two NSF Grants to Study Oil and Dispersant Contamination
Faculty from the School of the Coast & Environment and the College of Science work to determine short- and long-term reaction of natural systems to chemicals
BATON ROUGE – Since the Deepwater Horizon disaster began in the Gulf of Mexico, experts have debated the potential impact of the oil and the dispersants used to break it up. What will it do to seafood? Or the delicate wetland ecosystems lining the Gulf of Mexico, particularly those already in danger near the mouth of the Mississippi? Two groups of LSU researchers have received Rapid Response Grants from the National Science Foundation, or NSF, to study these and other implications relating to the oil and dispersants now in the Gulf of Mexico.
R. Eugene Turner, professor of oceanography and coastal sciences in the School of the Coast & Environment, along with Laurie Anderson of LSU’s Department of Geology & Geophysics and Linda Hooper-Bui, associate professor of entomology at LSU and the LSU AgCenter, have received support to research the effects of oil and dispersants on the Louisiana salt marsh ecosystem.
“We will sample more than 35 salt marshes beginning in September of 2010, then again in May of 2011, adding to a collection of samples we have already collected from these sites in May 2010,” said Turner. “This will help us to gauge long-term damage to the salt marsh environment, as well as test hypotheses about other forms of impact from the oil and associated chemicals.”
For more information about this grant, visit http://nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward.do?AwardNumber=1044599.
Andrew Whitehead, assistant professor of biological sciences in LSU’s College of Science, received a grant to study the genetic impact these chemicals might have on wildlife populations through studying a particular species of fish known as Fundulus grandis, or the cocahoe minnow, which is native to the estuaries along the Gulf of Mexico.
“With millions of gallons of oil and dispersants having been released into the Gulf over a relatively brief amount of time, the impact is an almost complete unknown,” said Whitehead. “We are gathering data pre- and post-event so that we can better determine the impact of the oil spill on the genetic structure of resident populations. We’re particularly curious to test whether tolerance to oil varies in populations, what is the genetic makeup of individuals that are more or less sensitive to contaminating oil toxicity and how toxicity varies across a large geographic area.” Another benefit of this research, according to Whitehead, is that it should provide a point of reference by which to measure the BP cleanup efforts’ effectiveness.
For more information on Whitehead’s grant, visit http://nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward.do?AwardNumber=1048206.
NOTE: Rapid Response Grants are constantly being awarded, so more LSU faculty may be awarded support as time progresses. For more information, contact Ashley Berthelot, 225-578-3870 or firstname.lastname@example.org. | <urn:uuid:4e055332-e1f2-43de-86bd-7ad01f415ae4> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.lsu.edu/ur/ocur/lsunews/MediaCenter/News/2010/09/item19445.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368701459211/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516105059-00074-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.939551 | 664 | 2.8125 | 3 |
floor finish safety
I'm in the middle of refinishing my hardwood floors, and will probably start applying finish later today or tommorrow.
The question is about fire safety. I know when using alcohol based finishes it's necessary to extinguish any pilot lights in the house. I'm using an oil modified urethane. Normally I wouldn't risk it and just turn off the pilots, but the weather is quite cold here at the moment. I'm worried about not having any heat, and applying finish in 35 degree weather.
The furnace and water heater are in the basement, and there are no fire hazards on the level with the floors being finished. Do I need to worry? Would covering the cold air returns on the 1st floor help prevent to much fumes from being taken into the heating system? | <urn:uuid:1d54549c-ab85-4028-979a-fabafb005678> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.houserepairtalk.com/f13/floor-finish-safety-6178/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368700958435/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516104238-00047-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.965515 | 165 | 1.570313 | 2 |
Defenseless against Asbestos on Navy Ships
Those who served in the military from the 1940's until the late 1970's are at a higher risk of developing mesothelioma than any other occupation.
CHICAGO, Feb. 19, 2013 /PRNewswire-iReach/ -- Stretching from World War II until the late 1970's, members of the U.S. military, particularly the naval branch, were among those most affected by asbestos exposure. Asbestos was widely used for insulation purposes on a number of navy ships including aircraft carriers, destroyers, and transport vessels. Asbestos was used because of its remarkable strength, its fire resistant abilities, and its capacity to withstand massive amounts of heat. Since there was an abundance of heat-producing equipment aboard, asbestos was the perfect solution to alleviate the risk of potential fires in case of a malfunction or an attack.
During World War II asbestos helped the US military manufacture ships quickly, efficiently, and at a low cost. What the government and citizens didn't realize were the dangers and health risks connected to asbestos exposure. Asbestos manufacturing companies knew of the hazards, but withheld the information from the government and sold the asbestos-containing products anyway.
Everyone onboard was exposed to asbestos. Once asbestos is damaged in any way it's easily breakable or 'friable'. The tight spaces and lack of proper ventilation left all naval personnel defenseless against the millions of asbestos fibers released into the air. However, some occupations were exposed more than others including: boiler workers, pipefitters, insulators, plumbers, welders, electricians, machinists, and engineers. Asbestos was mainly used in the boiler and engine rooms. However, it was also used to insulate piping systems which were found and exposed throughout the entire ship including the galley and the sleeping quarters.
Additionally, those who were involved with repairing navy vessels in shipyards were also exposed to asbestos. These individuals were constantly exposed due to the high concentrations of asbestos fibers in damaged and war-torn ships.
Statistics show that military personnel, including shipyard workers, who served during the 1940's to the late 1970's are at a higher risk of developing mesothelioma than any other occupation. Many of the ships that contained asbestos during World War II were still in service throughout the 1970's. Removing asbestos from discontinued vessels put workers and veterans at risk since parts of the ships were often sold or used in other military branches, which again lead to additional asbestos exposure.
Asbestos doesn't expire. In fact, it gets worse with age. If you're a veteran or know of any veteran's who have been exposed to asbestos and have an asbestos related disease such as mesothelioma, legal help is available to receive compensation for your medical bills and emotional strain. Contact an attorney today to know your options.
If you or a family member has been diagnosed with mesothelioma or another asbestos related disease due to exposure during your military service or on the job, you may have grounds for a legal claim. The Chicago mesothelioma lawyers of Cooney and Conway can provide you with a free consultation to discuss your case.
Media Contact: Ali Hayes Cooney & Conway, 312-436-2439, mainDesk@cooneyconway.com
News distributed by PR Newswire iReach: https://ireach.prnewswire.com
SOURCE Cooney & Conway
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Celebrating Fathers' Day, Plural
On Sunday, my household will observe a holiday that is somehow universal and statistically rare all at once: Fathers' Day. Note the location of the apostrophe, indicating the plural possessive form, which is to say two dads but only one day.
We've been celebrating (and punctuating) this way for six years now, since Diva was a peanut small enough to rest comfortably in the space between my palm and elbow. In the years since, we've gotten quite an education about what society thinks a father is and is not. Based on my not-especially-scientific reading of all the relevant cultural indicators -- commercials, sitcoms, and the greeting card aisle at CVS -- we've become aware of the following definitions.
Father (noun, singular)
1. Parent who does all or most of the following: throws a ball; plays golf; farts copiously; watches sports; thinks he's a stud if he can make pancakes; uses tools to fix (or claim to fix) broken things; buys women jewelry at the last second before a birthday, anniversary or holiday; and says "ask your mother" without interrupting what he is doing.
2. Parent who cannot do any of the following: sew; dance without embarrassing all parties present; cook a meal not involving pancakes; choose a decent outfit from the current decade to save his life; please the woman he bought the jewelry for; or understand why he has not pleased that same woman.
By this definition, Diva might as well be fatherless. While I am a former Little League outfielder who does sometimes toss a ball with her, and I can make dazzling Mickey Mouse pancakes with chocolate chip eyes, that's still less than half of the required behaviors from the list above.
Worse, there are so many strikes against me (sewing, dancing, cooking, matching my own clothes), that I end up not just getting a zero on the fatherhood scale, but owing points! (The hubby just barely fares better, though only by being a copious farter. Sorry, dear.)
When Diva was little, her day care didn't know quite what to do with dads who came as a set when the June holiday rolled around, but they meant well. That year's gift was a photo of Diva wearing a hard hat and pretend tool belt, along with a picture frame made entirely of nuts and bolts.
This was designed with seriously Old School dads in mind (you could almost smell the Right Guard), but Diva's teachers tried to adapt the gift for the new reality in the only way they could think of: They sent home two of the exact same thing, so we could each have our own butch present.
As Diva has gotten older, more gay dads have appeared in the public eye, from theater ("25th Annual Putnam County Spelling Bee") to television ("Modern Family") to the pages of glossy tabloids (Neil Patrick Harris, Ricky Martin and even Elton John, parenting at the age most fellas are sizing up Depends).
Happily for us, their lives have been educational, so that a steadily increasing number of people are now aware of our presence. But if you base gay parenting on this small sampling, we should have a Tony, Emmy, Grammy or Oscar lying around, and I am 99 percent certain we do not. (I can't say that with 100 percent certainty, because it would require me to look underneath all the American Girl doll clothes taking over Diva's room.)
I'm joking, of course, but it is true that limited, silly notions of how men parent are still pervasive. And gay dads aren't the only ones who mind. A friend of ours in Los Angeles recently vented on Facebook that none of the greeting cards she found resembled her husband (a film buff who collects watches), either.
But I have to believe this is going to change; bit by bit, the fathers in this generation are writing new definitions with their lives. Straight dads who know the names of all the My Little Ponies ... Gay dads who coach their kid's hockey teams ... Hugh Jackman ... The world is chock full of exceptional dads.
To my fellow dads of every stripe, let your freak flags fly. And, since we're in this together, why not join me in a little plural action here: Happy Fathers' Day to us all.
Veronica Rhodes and David Valdes Greenwood alternate weeks writing the Family Gaytriarchs. Look for them on ParentDish every Wednesday.
David Valdes Greenwood has written about marriage and parenting for the Boston Globe and in his first book "Homo Domesticus: Notes from a Same-Sex Marriage." The author of three nonfiction books and the creator of the blog "Diva Has Two Daddies," he also finds time to be a kindergarten room parent and Barbie pretend play expert. Read his blog on Red Room.
Want to get the latest ParentDish news and advice? Sign up for our newsletter! | <urn:uuid:969bd5f2-3535-4d4c-a814-ae196fbc4053> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.parentdish.com/2011/06/15/celebrating-fathers-day-plural/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368705195219/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516115315-00048-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.953245 | 1,078 | 1.507813 | 2 |
Celebrating the pipe organ, the King of Instruments
November 05, 2007
Do any organs have ONE SINGLE 32′-pitched bourdon to sound for the bottom five notes? The pitch of that bland pipe, with little upper harmonic content, would be difficult to discern. Since no one can identify such low pitches, it does not matter if in tune or not. Upper pitches: 16′, 8′, etc. would establish pitch definition/identity.
Love your program.
Wish it were here in Denver.
I won’t speak for you, but some of us can actually define the pitch of 32’ flue pipes (which pitch becomes even more apparent when combined with other, higher-pitched stops, locking into the ‘harmonic structure’). Having just one generic ‘low rumble’ might seem to be a cost saving, but such would be readily apparent to any discerning listener. And it does matter that these low pipes be in tune.
The same holds for the low notes of a 32’ reed stop, though these (when played alone) might appear to be generating an almost random frequency.
If cost is a problem, some builders use electronic means to generate that low octave of pitches.
Send your Questions to the Mailbag (and compliments too!) | <urn:uuid:31e1332d-b43e-4924-91e8-82ce5cf7a791> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://pipedreams.publicradio.org/mailbag/2007/11/071105.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368705195219/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516115315-00032-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.934876 | 277 | 2.609375 | 3 |
EPHRAIM KISHON'S WORKS WILL ALWAYS BE WITH US.
PM SHARON: "EPHRAIM KISHON'S WORKS WILL ALWAYS BE WITH US."
Sunday, January 30, 2005 12:04 PM
From: "Israel Government Press Office"
These were Prime Minister Ariel Sharon's remarks from the start of today's Cabinet meeting:
"Last night, one of the cultural giants of our generation, Israel Prize laureate Ephraim Kishon, passed away. The story of Kishon's life is the story of the Jewish People in our time. A refugee youth, a brand plucked from the fire, reached a new country, the shores of which he was unfamiliar with, and was surprised by its custom of writing from right-to-left. These difficulties could not prevent his talents from bursting forth - his virtuoso writing ability, his novel uses of the Hebrew language he had come to know, his creation of a great cultural reservoir. He created an entire world of culture for the country.
With a sharp wit, both favorably and critically, Kishon set before us an exact mirror from which the ups and downs, fears, arts and opinions of Israeli culture could be seen.
I met Kishon many times in recent years. During these meetings, we discussed various issues, such as politics, current events, immigrant absorption, self-deprecating humor and also the painful fact that for many years Kishon felt rejected by the Israeli cultural establishment. Always, in all of our conversations, the issue which formed Kishon's life came up - the Holocaust. We always thought of how much talent was lost to the Jewish People in the Shoah.
Ephraim Kishon died yesterday but his monumental cultural works remain with us and with future generations; thus we will remember him."
|Pictures of two of Kishon's masterpieces:
|Shaike Ophir stars as Azulay the Policeman
||Zeev Revach as Salach Shabati | <urn:uuid:40d71d39-4af7-4cb1-8adb-af0c17e2093d> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.takeapen.org/Takeapen/Templates/showpage.asp?DBID=1&LNGID=1&TMID=84&FID=910 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368699881956/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516102441-00019-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.972706 | 425 | 1.859375 | 2 |
An educational loan is a long-term financing option that is repaid with interest after graduation. Terms and interest rates vary.
Your eligibility for loans is determined by the Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA). When you receive your award package, you will see a list of the loans for which you are eligible as well as the funds available per loan. You may choose to borrow all, some or none of the loan amount.
NOTE: Lender for Federal Stafford and PLUS loans
Due to the instability in student loan markets today, the lender for the Federal Direct Stafford loans and PLUS loans changed in 2009 to the U.S. Department of Education—not a bank or financial institution.
Types of Loans
There are limited Federal Perkins Loan funds available to students with exceptional need. This loan has a 5% annual interest rate with a 10-year repayment period.
This loan is awarded to students who demonstrate financial need as determined by the FAFSA. The federal government pays interest on this loan while the student is enrolled in school (at least half-time, pursuing a degree or certificate) and during a six month grace period after leaving in-school status. The fixed interest rate for the life of the loan is based on the date of the first disbursement.
This loan is non-need based and the student borrower is responsible for the interest which accrues on the loan while enrolled and prior to repayment. The student may choose to make interest payments during the in-school period or capitalize the unpaid accrued interest when repayment begins.
This loan is non-need based and repayment begins after the Spring disbursement (6-8 weeks after spring disbursement).
Some families choose additional private loans to help pay for college. Private loans have higher interest rates than Perkins, Stafford or Parent PLUS loans and are not recommended; however, they can be used as a last option. With tight credit policies students should expect to need a co-signer.
Information for Direct Loan Borrowers
If you have now completed your education here and have borrowed a Direct Loan (Stafford Loans or Perkins Loan) while attending Northwestern College, you need to do exit counseling for that loan. Once you have completed the online exit counseling we will receive e-mail notification that you have completed the process.
Code of Conduct | <urn:uuid:54894042-092b-4b59-8886-114509525548> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://musictours@nwc.edu/web/undergrad/loans | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368705559639/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516115919-00033-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.969217 | 473 | 1.984375 | 2 |
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Thu September 27, 2012
Judge: Case against Boy Scouts can proceed
A Michigan judge has ruled a case against the Boy Scouts of America can go ahead.
In 2009, an assistant Scoutmaster with the Chief Okemos Council, which serves Ingham, Eaton and Clinton counties, was accused of molesting two Scouts.
Roger Young was charged with criminal sexual assault and possession of child pornography. He committed suicide later that year.
The Boy Scouts of America claimed it wasn't liable for the alleged assaults in Michigan, but on Wednesday Ingham County Circuit Court Judge Joyce Draganchuk disagreed.
George Hamilton Foley is one of the attorneys representing the boys. He says the Boy Scouts had been told about Young's alleged behavior before he was charged, but did not take action.
The abuse allegedly occurred in 2006 and 2007.
"Sometimes during Scout activities, sometimes at Young's home, where under the pretext of working on Scout badges he started what we call grooming them -- which turned out to be his motive -- to molest them," Foley says.
Foley says he believes The Boy Scouts is a good organization overall, but says it needs to use more caution when screening personnel.
"They just have to be more rigorous in enforcing their child protection program, doing criminal background checks, providing adequate training for the Boy Scout volunteers," Foley says.
David Zoglio and Oregon-based attorney Kelly Clark are also representing the boys in the case.
An attorney for the Scouts was not available for comment.
The case is expected to go to trial in May. | <urn:uuid:df9348b7-4811-4d6d-8e44-a91682efea9f> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.michiganradio.org/post/judge-case-against-boy-scouts-can-proceed | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368697380733/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516094300-00056-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.973288 | 333 | 1.65625 | 2 |
I have a brother who is in the process of starting immunizations for his six-week-old daughter. He was told that they are bad: That they contain mercury and formaldehyde, that it is just the drug companies trying to make big money, that polio isn't around anymore, that the chicken pox vaccine isn't lifelong, and on and on. Any suggestions on how to answer some of these questions? I feel that vaccines are important. We haven't had these bad illnesses around so this generation doesn't seem to realize how important they are.
The issue of vaccine safety comes up often in pediatric practices, so I'm glad to address it. I completely agree with your opinion—most of us don't know how bad it used to be. Deadly and frightening diseases of yesteryear have been so dramatically reduced by vaccinations that most parents are too young to remember the pain and loss they used to bring.
Unfortunately, none of the diseases we currently provide vaccines against have been eradicated worldwide. Without continued vaccination, any or all of these diseases could make a comeback. We rely on vaccines not only to protect individual children, but to create a "herd immunity." There are always children (and adults) that do not become immune from vaccines or who are too sick to receive them. If enough of the surrounding community is immune, however, it becomes unlikely there will be any infectious person to spread disease to an unimmune and vulnerable individual.
I believe that each of us has a moral obligation to protect those around us. | <urn:uuid:4e9cf357-6e66-4660-9e3d-e8b17763bce4> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.babyzone.com/q-and-a/newborn-questions/immunizations-still-necessary_78484 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368696382584/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516092622-00022-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.984201 | 310 | 2.890625 | 3 |
Professor Paul Connett: Your Toxic Tap Water
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Uploaded on Dec 24, 2010
Dr. Paul Connett, Professor of Chemistry at St. Lawrence University in New York, gives a damning interview on the history of water fluoridation, the collusion of major industries to put certified toxic waste into your drinking water, and why government health authorities refuse to conduct scientific studies into the dangers of fluoridation. After watching this video, you will never look at tap water the same way again.
Connett describes how he initially thought people who opposed fluoridation were "a bunch of whackos," before conducting his own research which found that sodium fluoride was a toxic substance that contributed to a wide array of health defects. Heavy industry is barred from dumping this toxic waste into the sea by international law, but being able to sell it enables them to remove its hazardous characteristic and it becomes a product, explains Connett, polluting not only our water supply but also toothpaste and thousands of different foods.
Connett provides a detail run down of the many health problems caused by fluoride consumption, including dental fluorosis, which the Centers For Disease Control just recently announced was a problem for 41 per cent of children aged 12-15 in the United States, clearly indicating that children are being over-exposed to fluoride and that this is affecting other tissues and organs in the body, including bone disorders, a problem also wreaking havoc amongst adults in the United States as one in three now suffer from arthritis, which again is being caused by a build-up of toxic fluoride in the body. Connett also points to fluoride's connection with thyroid disorders.
There have now been over 100 studies involving animals which show that fluoride damages the brain, stresses Connett, which is a particular concern for newborn babies who are susceptible to fluoride build up because of their weak blood-brain barrier. Connett cites numerous studies which prove a link between moderate exposure to fluoride and lowered IQ in children.
Fluoride's impact on the pineal gland, which is a piece of brain tissue that sits in-between the two hemispheres of the brain, is key because fluoride attracts to this gland like a magnet. Researchers have found through animal studies that fluoride lowers the ability of the pineal gland to produce the hormone melatonin, which in turn shortens the time it takes to reach puberty, correlating with studies of fluoridated communities that show girls are on average menstruating 5 months earlier than those in non-fluoridated communities. Children are entering puberty at increasingly early stages and this is causing widespread concern, but health authorities have made no effort whatsoever to conduct any studies regarding this development and its link to fluoride.
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5 - Day
Canoeing the White Cliffs
VISIT the “largest” fresh water springs
Lewis and Clark were instructed
Whether you're planning a weekend getaway or a week-long vacation, LewisandClarkTrail.com is your online connection for Hotel Reservations. Still planning your trip? Check out the events calendar, read travel stories, then finish planning your trip by booking your hotel. LewisandClarkTrail.com invites you to locate the Hotel that meet your travel needs. Thank you & travel safely.
33. Fort Peck Dam - Interpretive sign at spillway.
Pompeys Pillar - Named by Clark "Pompys
Tower" for Sacagaweas son whom he had nicknamed "Pomp." Clark
inscribed his own name and the date in the rock on July 25, 1806.
35. Buffalo Mirage Access - Near this site Clarks party constructed two canoes and continued their exploration of the Yellowstone River by water.
36. Upper Missouri National Wild and Scenic River - This 149-mile segment from Kipp State Park upstream to Fort Benton provides excellent opportunities for retracing a section of the Expedition route that is little changed since 1805-06. Commercial boat trips available.
37. Marias River - The explorers spent 9 days in June 1805 determining the Marias was not the main stem of the Missouri River. Interpretive sign at nearby Loma, Montana.
38. Fort Benton - On the riverfront levee in this historic town is a heroic-sized statue of Lewis and Clark, Sacagawea, and her son, Jean Baptiste Charbonneau. Bureau of Land Management visitor center featuring Lewis and Clark.
39. Two Medicine Fight Sight - Lewis and three of his men clashed at this site with eight Blackfeet Indians. Two Indians were killed. Access by permission from private landowner.
40. Camp Disappointment - Northernmost point reached by Lewis on his Marias River exploration. Access permitted across private lands. An interpretive sign about the site is located on U.S. Highway 2 about 22 miles west of Cut Bank.
Great Falls - Lewis described them as "this
sublimely grand spectacle." The falls, as they appear today, may be viewed from
Montana Power Companys Ryan Dam Park and its series of scenic overlooks.
42. Portage Around the Great Falls - The navigational obstacle of the Great Falls detained the Expedition for nearly a month in 1805 while boats and supplies were portaged 18 miles. Most of the route is privately owned and not accessible to the public.
43. Giant Springs Heritage State Park - Clark discovered this huge "fountain or spring" during the portage around the Great Falls. Interpretive signs.
44. Square Butte - Landmark named "Fort Mountain" by the explorers in 1805. It helped guide Lewis to the Great Falls in 1806 when he recognized it from Lewis and Clark Pass. Access by permission from private landowner.
45. Lewis and Clark Pass - Lewis and his party crossed this pass eastbound in 1806 following an Indian trail shortcut to the Great Falls. Accessible by foot trail.
Gates of the Mountains
- Spectacular Missouri River
canyon named by Lewis. Commercial boat trips available.
47. Canyon Ferry Recreation Areas - Numerous state recreation areas are located around Canyon Ferry Lake. Some have Lewis and Clark interpretation.
Missouri Headwaters State Park - Located where the
Jefferson, Madison and Gallatin Rivers join to form the Missouri, the part has excellent
Lewis and Clark interpretation.
49. Beaverhead Rock State Monument - Sacagawea recognized this landmark and told her captains that her people, the Shoshones, would be camped not far beyond. Interpretive sign 2.5 miles south on State Route 41.
50. Clarks Lookout State Monument- Scenic overlook of Beaverhead Valley climbed by Clark on August 13, 1805. Presently undeveloped.
51. Camp Fortunate Overlook - Near here, Lewis and the Shoshonis waited for the arrival of Clark and the main party. Named Camp Fortunate by the captains because of Clarks timely arrival and the fact that Sacagawea proved to be Chief Cameahwaits sister.
52. Lemhi Pass - Point at which Lewis and Clark first crossed the Continental Divide and left the territory of the Louisiana Purchase.
53. Cameahwaits Shoshone Camp - Site of Shoshone village where Lewis and Clark obtained horses for crossing the Bitterroot Mountains. No public access.
54. Lost Trail Pass - Interpretive sign.
55. Ross Hole - Site where Lewis and Clark met the Flathead Indians.
56. Travelers Rest - The Expedition camped here September 9-11, 1805, and June 30-July 3, 1806. On the return journey, the Expedition separated here into two parties. Interpretive sign near junction of U.S. Highways 93 and 12.
57. Lolo Hot Springs - The Expedition camped and bathed here on June 29, 1806. Commercially operated.
58. Packer Meadows - Site of September 13, 1805, camp. Interpretive sign.
59. Lolo Pass Visitor Center - Lewis and Clark interpretation.
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Explore, enjoy and protect the planet. | <urn:uuid:5139d178-6632-42b9-a4f1-c4f63f2c1a69> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.lewisandclarktrail.com/section3/montana.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368696382584/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516092622-00046-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.915949 | 1,185 | 2.296875 | 2 |
Certified Treasury Professionals now have added incentive to participate in next month’s Cyber Attack against Payment Processes (CAPP) Exercise
. In addition to testing their organizations’ cybersecurity preparedness, participants will have the opportunity to earn continuing education credits.
On March 12-13 and 19-20, the Financial Services Information Sharing and Analysis Center (FS-ISAC) and AFP will conduct simulated cyberattacks on companies’ payment processes. CTP/CCM certificate holders can earn 10 credits for participating in the exercise. Certificate holders who lead the exercise for their company can earn 15 credits. Documentation is required, confirming the individual’s participation and completion of the exercise, as well as the description, objectives, end result and duration of the project.
Fred Butterfield, CTP, treasury manager at Trust Company of America, emphasized the importance of participating in the CAPP exercise. When companies suffer a cyberattack, there are many different departments that are affected. Treasurers need to know who to contact, and have a plan in place. “At my company, if something happens in the treasury department, I’m going to notify the response team that this has happened,” said Butterfield. “But there are other peripheral pieces that are involved—the phone system, the email servers, etc.—and I don’t know who is responsible for that. So [the CAPP exercise] gives you an opportunity to test your plan.”
In addition to presenting corporates with realistic cyberattacks, the exercise also provides realistic examples of the possible repercussions, which can be as disruptive to business as the attacks themselves. “The bank is shutting off your portal, and can’t get in,” said Butterfield. “So how do you make the payments that you have make? And the bank is saying, ‘We’re not going to give you provisional credit for that money that you just lost. We can’t.’ So now, all of a sudden, the money you were going to use to pay your bills and make your payroll is not there and you may not get it back at all. The question is not only how do you pay your bills, but where do you find the money to get the job done if you find an alternative way?”
Added Butterfield: “The scope of the test is so much more realistic in asking you as a corporate to look at your plan. It’s got a much broader sweep in terms of what it’s going to impact. I know when I presented it to my folks here, they got this stunned look on their faces and said, ‘We test our plans, but we don’t test them like that.’ It is an unrivaled opportunity to see how well things stand up.”
Interested parties must register by March 6 for the March 12-13 exercise, or by March 12 for the March 19-20 exercise. Participation is free and no special software is required. | <urn:uuid:1564d026-a8fc-4523-9894-8d650966cea9> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.afponline.org/pub/res/news/CTPs_Can_Earn_Credits_for_Joining_Cyberattack_Exercise.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368696383156/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516092623-00072-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.961104 | 627 | 1.617188 | 2 |
CEDAR FALLS, Iowa (AP) - Farmers with small to mid-sized operations may apply for grants to incorporate energy efficiency, energy conservation, and renewable energy measures into their
Grants of up to $2,000 are offered through the Farm Energy Working Group at the Center for Energy & Environmental Education which is located at the University of Northern Iowa. The money for
the grant comes from the Leopold Center for Sustainable Agriculture, a research and education based at center at Iowa State University.
The grant funding can pay for the farmer's time for installation, administration, and report writing. Grants cannot cover equipment purchases.
Past projects have included a robotic milking machine in Monona, wind and solar projects, and biogas heaters and generators.
The deadline for application is Feb. 28. | <urn:uuid:6e277e0b-a6b9-449c-9980-fc38bb6e62fc> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.klem1410.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=3832:farmers-can-apply-for-energy-grants&catid=67:local-ag-news&Itemid=193&fontstyle=f-smaller | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368704392896/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516113952-00043-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.945772 | 167 | 1.65625 | 2 |
In 1911 and 1912 Austrian physicist Victor Hess made a series of ascents in a hydrogen balloon to take measurements of radiation in the atmosphere. He was looking for the source of ionizing radiation that registered on an electroscope – the prevailing theory was that the radiation came from the rocks of the Earth.
To test the theory, in 1909 German scientist Theodor Wulf measured the rate of ionization near the top of the Eiffel tower (at a height of about 300 metres) using a portable electroscope. Though he expected the ionization rate to decrease with height, Wulf noted that the ionization rate at the top was just under half that at ground level – a much less significant decrease than anticipated.
Victor Hess was one person to go further by taking electroscopes up in a balloon. In 1911 his balloon reached an altitude of around 1100 metres, but Hess found "no essential change" in the amount of radiation compared with ground level. Then, on 7 August 1912, in the last of seven flights that year, Hess made an ascent to 5300 metres. There he found the rate of ionization was some three times that at sea level and concluded that penetrating radiation was entering the atmosphere from above. In an earlier flight he had found no noticeable drop during a partial solar eclipse, so he could rule out the Sun as the source. Hess had in fact discovered a natural source of high-energy particles: cosmic rays.
Find out more
About cosmic rays (from the CERN courier)
- A discovery of cosmic proportions
- Domenico Pacini and the origin of cosmic rays
- LHCf: bringing cosmic collisions down to Earth
Cosmic rays at CERN | <urn:uuid:964d0f5d-94e3-4035-b9c5-9b3474aaecd7> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://home.web.cern.ch/about/updates/2012/08/cosmic-rays-discovered-100-years-ago | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368700264179/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516103104-00040-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.96132 | 344 | 4.21875 | 4 |
High court to tackle Indian adoption dispute
3-year-old Cherokee girl's 'best interests' at center of case
A custody battle involving the "best interests" of a 3-year-old Cherokee girl will be taken up by the U.S. Supreme Court, an issue spanning the rights of adoptive parents and the desire to preserve Native American families within tribes.
The justices announced they will hear an appeal from Matt and Melanie Capobianco, who legally adopted little Veronica in 2009, shortly after the birth mother agreed to give up the child. Oral arguments in the case will likely be heard in April with a ruling by late June.
The South Carolina Supreme Court in July ruled for the biological father, who had sought custody shortly after the child's birth. He is a registered member of the Cherokee Nation and is raising the child in Oklahoma.
Dusten Brown had earlier signed a legal document agreeing to put the girl up for adoption, but his attorneys say the father did not understand the extent of the waiver, and that the birth mother misrepresented the child's American Indian heritage to social service workers when the adoption was finalized.
At issue is whether Brown, as the onetime non-custodial father, can gain parental custody, after the non-Indian mother initiated an adoption outside the tribe.
A special congressional law governs such interstate adoptions, since the current 556 federally recognized tribes all fall under Interior Department oversight, giving those tribes certain unique benefits and rights.
Lawyers for the Capobiancos say federal law does not define an unwed biological father as a "parent."
The adoptive couple was excited that the high court will hear their case.
"We weren't sure what to expect," Melanie Capobianco told CNN's Randi Kaye. "It was a low chance and we just feel really extremely happy that they decided to hear it."
Her husband, Matt, added, "It restored some hope and a little faith in the judicial system."
The federal law in question is the Indian Child Welfare Act (ICWA) of 1978, a response to decades of often abusive social service practices that resulted in the separation of large numbers of native youngsters from their families, in many cases to non-Indian homes.
The legislation was designed to "promote the stability and security of Indian tribes and Indian families by the establishment of minimum federal standards to prevent the arbitrary removal of Indian children from their families and tribes and to ensure that measures which prevent the breakup of Indian families are followed in child custody proceedings."
Brown's relationship within the "federally recognized government" of the Cherokee Nation means Veronica -- named in court papers as "Baby Girl" -- is a member of the tribe and subject to their jurisdiction.
"It's not anyone's intent ever to rip a child away from a loving home," said Todd Hembree, the Tahlequah, Oklahoma-based tribe's attorney general. "But we want to make sure those loving homes have the opportunity to be Indian homes first."
Still, the Capobiancos argue that the little girl's real home is with them.
"Veronica was always a part of our home from birth and we just felt like she was in a happy place and that those kinds of needs could have been met through us," Melanie Capobianco said. "I just don't think that was what Congress was thinking about when that act was passed."
As with many custody fights, there is wide factual disagreement over the circumstances of both the couple's breakup and subsequent adoption of the child. Opposing sides even disagree on what legal issues the high court should address.
The Capobiancos think the issue should be about whether the ICWA law can improperly block adoption proceedings voluntarily initiated by a non-Indian mother who had sole custody of her child, due to what the adoptive parents say is the Indian father's failure to establish a legal parent-child relationship under state law.
But Brown argues he successfully established paternity under state law, and qualifies as a "parent" under the ICWA, thereby giving him proper control and custody of his daughter.
He said in legal papers that the child was conceived when the couple was engaged, and "excited" he would be a father. But Brown claims the biological mother broke off the now-strained relationship by text message. He agreed to relinquish his parental rights in exchange for not paying child support, but said the mother never indicated she intended unilaterally to give the child up for adoption.
And Brown claims the biological mother tried to "conceal" his Indian heritage during the adoption process with the Capobiancos, who live in Charleston, South Carolina.
Establishing such heritage would normally make it very difficult for the Cherokee Nation and state social services to agree to any non-Indian adoption and removal from the state.
By this time, Brown was deployed to Iraq on a one-year deployment in the U.S. Army, making it hard to press his custody claims. Veronica lived with the Capobiancos for two years before the high court in South Carolina ruled for the father. Brown took his daughter back to Bartlesville, Oklahoma, on New Year's Eve 2011.
The state's top court that ruled in his favor said Brown had "a deeply embedded relationship" with his American Indian heritage, in which Veronica will be raised.
But the Capobiancos point to another part of the state court's conclusion: that despite a ruling against them, they were "ideal parents who have exhibited the ability to provide a loving family environment." That court said its hands were tied, and that federal law trumped state law.
"Courts in seven states have held that ICWA does not bar courts from terminating the parental rights of a non-custodial father under state law when the father abandoned his child to the sole custody of a non-Indian mother," said Lisa Blatt, attorney for the couple.
She says the father's initial agreement to give up his parental rights meant he forfeited any subsequent efforts to establish custody, when the child was already in a happy, stable home environment.
The Capobiancos argue Brown had refused to offer any financial assistance to the biological mother until they were married and "wanted nothing to do" with the pregnancy.
As a single mother with two other young children, the biological mother felt she had no choice but to give her daughter up for adoption, said a legal brief filed by her lawyers. They say she complied with the adoption laws in both states and with the tribe.
The couple also says they long wanted to be parents and had seven unsuccessful attempts at in vitro fertilization. She is a child developmental psychologist and he is an automotive body technician. They were in the room when Veronica was born, and had an "open" adoption, meaning the biological mother could and did maintain a relationship with Veronica.
The case is Adoptive Couple v. Baby Girl, a Minor Child Under the Age of Fourteen Years (12-399). | <urn:uuid:a268997c-a86c-47cb-8036-a89a089fa230> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.ktxs.com/High-court-to-tackle-Indian-adoption-dispute/-/14769454/18015056/-/view/print/-/1498h1p/-/index.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368696381249/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516092621-00009-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.978276 | 1,441 | 2.171875 | 2 |
Australian Bureau of Statistics
1301.0 - Year Book Australia, 2003
Previous ISSUE Released at 11:30 AM (CANBERRA TIME) 24/01/2003
|Page tools: Print Page RSS Search this Product|
The health of Australians is among the best in the world. Nationwide efforts, such as the recognition of and focus on national health priority areas, will help to ensure that this continues.
At present six priority areas have been endorsed by Australian health ministers covering cardiovascular health, cancer control, injury prevention and control, mental health, diabetes mellitus, and asthma. A range of program initiatives has been established, aimed at improving health outcomes in these areas. In July 2002 Australian health ministers, added arthritis and musculoskeletal disease as a seventh national health priority area. The initial focus for the NHPA initiative in this area is on osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis and osteoporosis.
This page last updated 23 January 2006
Unless otherwise noted, content on this website is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 Australia Licence together with any terms, conditions and exclusions as set out in the website Copyright notice. For permission to do anything beyond the scope of this licence and copyright terms contact us. | <urn:uuid:523c9c53-eb48-424c-8dde-61f2e362b98c> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.abs.gov.au/Ausstats/abs@.nsf/Previousproducts/A8AFE9F446BB780CCA256CAE000FC5B7?opendocument | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368711005985/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516133005-00071-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.900659 | 256 | 2 | 2 |
As the debate rages on about whether Internet addiction is a discrete affliction, the first US treatment center designed to treat it has opened its doors. The Heavensfield Retreat Center has launched a program called reSTART located in Fall City, WA, which offers a 45-day treatment program for Internet Addiction Disorder (IAD). The cost to go through with the program is $14,500, and enrollment has already begun.
Interest in the phenomenon of Internet addiction started to peak 2006, with papers, surveys, and studies coming out to discuss the disorder. One paper published in Perspectives in Psychiatric Care said that it affected between five and 10 percent of all Internet surfers, while a survey at Michigan State University that said nearly 20 percent of students had withdrawn from a course or had experienced grade problems due to excessive use of the Internet or computer games. Another study attempted to find out more about the behaviors behind IAD, and an editorial in the American Journal of Psychiatry argued that Internet and gaming addiction should be added to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) V, the handbook of mental disorders used by mental health workers in the US.
This concept is not without criticism, however. The American Medical Association first made a similar recommendation in 2007, only to be followed by a reversal of that position. Opponents of adding Internet/gaming addiction to the DSM deny that there are complex neurophysiological elements analogous to dependence on pharmacological agents such as ethanol, nicotine, or heroin, despite research to the contrary (at least in male subjects).
Clearly, however, the Heavensfield Retreat Center is taking IAD seriously with its new program. reSTART offers counseling with professionally-trained staff, group therapy, vocational coaching, 12-step meetings, recreational activities, "high adventure" outings, health and fitness programs, and volunteer service. This is in addition to psychiatric assessments, medical treatment, scholastic tutoring, and career guidance. As pointed out by Mashable, you must qualify for reSTART by displaying symptoms of IAD, which include a strong impulse to use the Internet, withdrawal symptoms without it, a reduction in other interests or social activities as a result of the Internet, and an impairment of everyday life.
Of course, with a $14,500 price tag attached to the treatment, detractors are sure to come out of the woodwork arguing that reSTART is just taking advantage of lost souls. The program's webpage argues that the cost is fair, however, and is actually lower than most 30-day inpatient programs. With some people trying to use IAD as an excuse for poor work performance, reSTART and other programs like it may eventually become as commonplace as drug and alcohol counseling. | <urn:uuid:feb7dd27-9324-487a-8c19-9a18efa9cda9> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://arstechnica.com/science/2009/08/addicted-to-the-internet-14500-please-for-first-us-rehab/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368704392896/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516113952-00044-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.96103 | 560 | 2.09375 | 2 |
What is Trafficking in Persons?
- It is the recruitment, transfer, harboring, or receipt of persons;
- By means of the threat or use of force or other forms of coercion;
- To achieve the consent of a person having control over another person, for the purpose of exploitation.
- Exploitation shall include, at a minimum, forced labor or services, slavery, or servitude. | <urn:uuid:5716c4cf-2718-4aaf-b118-03a7a33a3c66> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.lbl.gov/Workplace/Training/TVP/files/04-trafficking.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368696381249/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516092621-00074-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.904643 | 85 | 2.625 | 3 |
I’ve been following Razib Khan’s scholarly and analytical exploration of his family’s genetic history – using data from 23andMe – over at Gene Expression with increasing fascination. When last week he noted that his findings appeared to be (finally) converging on a consensus, I asked if he’d be willing to summarise his journey for Genomes Unzipped readers. Here it is. –DM.
I’ve always been interested in genetics, anthropology, and history. Many may perceive me to be a collector of obscure facts, but summing up infinitesimals does produce something substantial in aggregation. One of the most influential books in my life has been History and Geography of Genes. So with that, the shift from classical markers to uniparental lineages, and now to the dense SNP-chips, has been a boon for my own intellectual interests which reside in part at the intersection of history and population genetics.
However, I’ve never been deeply curious as to the history of my own personal genome. I’m not adopted. All four of my grandparents were ethnic Bengalis, albeit from relatively diverse communal backgrounds. I look typically South Asian. Genealogy has never been a family fascination, and I’m going to be honest and admit that until five years ago I didn’t even know the names of my grandparents (in the Bengali language there are distinctive terms for maternal and paternal grandparents, so this wasn’t needed). Both sides of my family are from the Comilla district of Bengal, and that’s all I really cared about (and I didn’t care that much, I don’t put much stock in “heritage” as determinative).
As for other yields of personal genomics, I was skeptical. My parents have many siblings, and many, many, cousins. I had a general sense of my risks for diseases through an inspection of the pedigree of my family and their medical histories. Additionally, many of the risk alleles have been identified in European study populations, and I wasn’t totally sure about the between-population portability of these inferences. And I won’t even address the fact that effect size of many of the markers isn’t something to shout home about.
But last spring Daniel alerted me to the 23andMe “DNA Day” sale. It was affordable, and at that point enough of the readers of my weblog had been typed that I kept getting questions as to my own background (e.g., my family has the title Khan, so there was a question as to whether I carried the “Genghis Khan haplotype”). So I bit. At the time I recall emailing Dan and being excited that I’d be told I likely had brown eyes and was 75% “European” and 25% “Asian.” When my results came back, I was in for a mild surprise. The proportion to the left are calculated by 23andMe’s “ancestry painting” algorithm. As you can see, I’m more than 25% “Asian.” My initial reaction was that this seemed a touch high, but no worries, I would ask around and see which other South Asians had such a high value. After dozens of instances of “gene sharing,” the answer came back: none.
Continue reading ‘Guest post by Razib Khan: My personal genome’ | <urn:uuid:21f15808-4375-4707-9ed6-7800458499e3> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.genomesunzipped.org/tag/ancestry | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368704132298/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516113532-00026-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.972202 | 736 | 1.867188 | 2 |
Through Wafer Via Process Announced at Semicon West 2006
Silex through wafer 3D interconnect process was presented at the Semicon West 2006 show, July 10-14. The feedback from the MEMS community was remarkably positive. The silicon via process developed by Silex offers sub 50 um via pitch for through wafer connections in up to 600 um thick wafers. The features of the process enables MEMS designs with significantly reduced die size and true “Wafer Level Packaging”. With more than 10 foundry customers using the process today and an extraordinary line-up of potential users, Silex aims at making the process a standard in the MEMS industry. The swift propagation of the technology will be facilitated by reasonable licensing fees as well as technology transfer programs with customers who favor incorporating the technology in their existing manufacturing lines. | <urn:uuid:31af0937-4141-44ae-aadb-30cae4018375> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://silexmicrosystems.com/news-press/through-wafer-via-process-announced-at-semicon-west-2006/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368700264179/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516103104-00075-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.94785 | 175 | 1.539063 | 2 |
Categorize this under “hardcore wild game recipes.” Making sausages using a bird’s neck as a casing was something I “invented” a few years back when I was struck by how perfect a goose’s neck would be as a sausage casing. But as the Romans put it, nothing is new under the sun. It seems the French do this around Gascony; I found a reference to the practice in Paula Wolfert’s Cooking of Southwest France.
Why do this? Well for one, it uses a part of the animal that would otherwise go into the stockpot. But the real reason is because the skin on a bird can be surreally tasty, a combination of crispiness and fat that a regular hog casing cannot provide.
Different birds have different properties. There are three kinds in the picture above: The little round one in front is from The Unkillable Pheasant, the large one in the center is Holly’s wild turkey, and the group in back are the necks from gadwall, mallards and pintail ducks.
- Pheasant skin will crisp up easier than other birds, because it is thinner and it will have less fat than other birds. It’s the functional equivalent of chicken skin, although pheasant skin is a little tougher.
- Turkey skin is like a giant version of pheasant skin; the birds are related biologically. It can be tougher still, but makes the largest sausage.
- Duck skin is thicker, and there is often a significant layer of subcutaneous fat attached to the inside of the neck skin. This is mega-yummy. The downside is the sausages tend to be small, about 4 inches.
- Goose skin is best of all: It is exactly like duck skin, but long enough to make a proper sausage.
Here’s how you prepare the necks for later when you want to make these sausages:
- Pluck the bird right up to its chin. You want as much length as you can muster for the neck. Do not use necks that have the skin torn badly or that have holes in them.
- Push the actual neck out of the skin; it will be attached by little fibers, but these pull off easily.
- Remove the windpipe and any other organ-y looking bits from the skin. Wash it thoroughly inside and out.
- Dry it well and lay it flat, or folded over once on itself. The skin retracts when removed from the neck, so you want it to be as long as possible. Wrap closely in plastic wrap and freeze, or vacuum-seal it. They will last this way in the freezer for up to a year.
When you want to make the sausage, you will need a sharp knife, some fine kitchen twine, a pair of scissors, and, of course, some sausage meat.
- Start by tying off the narrow end of each neck with the twine. Tie it well in double knots!
- Stuff sausage by hand or with a piping bag or a plastic bag with a corner cut out. Leave at least 1/2 inch space between the meat and the fat end of the neck.
- Gather the fat end of the neck and gently squeeze the meat into the narrow end. You want to compress the meat into the sausage to make it pretty tight. Don’t overdo this, though.
- Tie off the fat end well with the twine.
- Trim the string, then the loose ends of the neck skin with the sharp knife. Don’t cut too close to the twine, but make it look presentable.
On to the cooking. The two keys to cooking these sausages are getting good color on the skin and slow cooking the insides. There are two ways to do this:
- Gently brown the skin in a frying pan on medium heat. You will need a little fat to keep it from sticking; I like to use homemade duck fat. Then put the sausages in a 300 degree oven for about 15-20 minutes, depending on their size.
- Leave a loop of kitchen twine at one end of the sausage and hang them in a smoker or an oven set at 300 degrees for about 45 minutes to an hour — more for a turkey sausage. This is my preferred method, as the smokiness really adds something to the sausage and you get an even browning.
What to stuff it with? Well, that’s up to you. You can stuff them with any regular sausage meat, or you can get as exotic as you desire. I’ve stuffed mine with ground elk, regular pork sausage, and venison sausage, but I also like stuffing them with ground giblets of the ducks themselves to make a lovely garlic and sage-infused sausage. It’s a hardcore stuffing, but if you’re willing to use a neck as a casing, why not fill it with seasoned ground giblets? | <urn:uuid:0f413e9b-2e39-4e1c-aeee-5bcfc96b068b> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://honest-food.net/wild-game/duck-goose-recipes/duck-and-goose-recipes-the-nasty-bits/sausages-in-a-birds-neck/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368704713110/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516114513-00032-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.949884 | 1,045 | 2.015625 | 2 |