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"Surely the isles shall wait for me, and the ships of Tarshish first, to bring thy sons from far, their silver and their gold with them, unto the name of the LORD thy God, and to the Holy One of Israel, because he hath glorified thee" (Is. 60:9).
Three years ago in 2008, the world witnessed an invisible but significant milestone. In our mobile, ever-changing world, more people officially live in urban areas than rural areas. The 20th Century experienced a tenfold increase in the population of urban areas across the world, while the world's mission force has stayed relatively static the past several decades at approximately 200,000 total missionaries. In general, our mission force while devoted has not matched the dynamism of the world's urbanization which means that in many areas there are fewer missionaries reaching a larger population. By 2030, the urban population will double again driven by the massive growth of developing nations. By 2030, 81% of people living in developing nations will be in urban areas. The world is not the same as it was in the 19th Century when our missionary heroes were facing the perils and challenges of undeveloped, tribal cultures.
Modern missions as we know it today developed in the 19th Century in a rural world. While we do not expect a diminishing of the way we have always done missions, there is a rise in missionary forms that involve the intersection of business and missions. This is not coincidental. The people that the Lord has commanded us to disciple and make disciples of are different from those that our heroes were burdened with. And, the urbanization of the world's population does involve in some way economic development and business. This fact has given rise the last twenty years in a major way, to various forms of Marketplace Ministries, Business as Missions, Tentmaking, and other combinations of economy and missions. Not that the intersection of business and ministry would not have been useful in the 19th Century, but the changing dynamics of the world's population has forced a re-evaluation. It is harder than ever to raise money on deputation and more countries than ever are considered Restricted Access. However, many of the working definitions that we have operated with related to the intersection of business and missions are simply inadequate. Tentmaking, which is an allusion to Paul's trade in Acts 18 in Corinth and usually refers to using some skill or trade as a conduit to spread the Gospel, has been referenced to for decades but not fully understood. As English of Global Opportunities is quoted:
"We cannot settle for defining Tentmaking by simply describing Tentmaking as it exists today. We lose too much. We are simply not talking about the same thing Paul did. If we are to recapture the power that Paul engaged through Tentmaking, we must realign our paradigm with his. As we do, we will release enormous resources and power for world evangelism."
The definition for which missions and church leaders have used to describe Tentmaking for teaching and practice has not been adequate and actually mutes the strategy's impact in reaching the unreached. So, the question is, What is Tentmaking, and why did Paul use this strategy? How is our application of Tentmaking different from Paul's? What is wrong with the way we use it today? How is it important in reaching a more urban population?
Over the next two weeks, we will be working through the Biblical references to Paul's skill and the application of his trade of making and mending tents to missions. Currently, the most common application for Tentmaking involves in some manner a missionary that is self-supporting and/or a missionary posing as another identity in a foreign field. We also apply Tentmaking most often to Restricted Access Countries, and in some cases, individuals imply falsely that Tentmaking is only to be utilized if other missionary methods break down. In this study, we will work through a definition based around place, application, identity, disadvantages, and advantages and relate all back to the contextualization of scriptural references to Paul's trade and ministry. Paul worked as a Tentmaker in Ephesus and according to the silversmith, "(N)ot only in Ephesus but in almost all of Asia this Paul has persuaded and turned away a great many people..." (Acts 19:26). How is what the Holy Spirit did through Paul in Ephesus related to Tentmaking? Our prayer is that by moving through a Biblical definition of Tentmaking we will understand that the strategy does not simply apply to men and women devoted to overseas missions, but what each of us do daily in the workplace at home and abroad. The discussion will be on our social networks, but we do ask you to sign up for the newsletter so we can send the study directly to your inbox. Each installment of the study will be approximately 1000 words. Check back tomorrow for the next installment of our series on Biblical Tentmaking, and please do not hesitate to provide your well thought out comments on this series. If you have any questions, please present them. There is a lot of research that went into this series that was not presented in this format because of space. Your questions may draw some of this research from us! Lastly, please share with anyone that may have interest.
Join the discussion on Facebook, Twitter and on the Worldwide Tentmaker Blog below.
Patrick Johnstone and Jason Mandryk, Operation World-21st Century Edition; Revised Edition (Gabriel Resources 21st Century Edition: 2001)
United Nations Population Fund, State of World Population, 2007, Accessed Oct., 2011, as seen at http://www.unfpa.org/swp/2007/english/introduction.html
C. Neal Johnson, Business as Missions: A Comprehensive Guide to Theory and Practice. (Intervarsity Press: Downers Grove, Il., 2009) p. 127 | <urn:uuid:4bf26f4d-44de-4abe-901b-5ccf594afc02> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.worldwidetentmakers.com/education/newsletters/228-biblical-tentmaking-series-introduction | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368699273641/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516101433-00058-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.961171 | 1,206 | 2.109375 | 2 |
Branson, Missouri Facts
Branson is located at 3638'16" North, 9315'18" West (36.637706, -93.254965).
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 42.3 km (16.3 mi). 41.9 km (16.2 mi) of it is land and 0.4 km (0.2 mi) of it is water. The total area is 0.98% water.
Branson is located on the shore of Lake Taneycomo and is also close to Table Rock Lake and Bull Shoals Lake. All three lakes are formed by dams along the White River.
As of the census2 of 2000, there are 6,050 people, 2,701 households, and 1,661 families residing in the city. The population density is 144.4/km (374.0/mi). There are 3,366 housing units at an average density of 80.3/km (208.1/mi). The racial makeup of the city is 94.50% White, 0.84% African American, 0.86% Native American, 0.71% Asian, 0.03% Pacific Islander, 1.47% from other races, and 1.59% from two or more races. 4.26% of the population are Hispanic or Latino of any race.
There are 2,701 households out of which 24.3% have children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.9% are married couples living together, 9.4% have a female householder with no husband present, and 38.5% are non-families. 31.9% of all households are made up of individuals and 14.1% have someone living alone who is 65 years of age or older. The average household size is 2.21 and the average family size is 2.76.
In the city the population is spread out with 20.3% under the age of 18, 8.2% from 18 to 24, 24.4% from 25 to 44, 27.0% from 45 to 64, and 20.2% who are 65 years of age or older. The median age is 43 years. For every 100 females there are 86.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there are 83.2 males.
The median income for a household in the city is $31,997, and the median income for a family is $43,145. Males have a median income of $31,769 versus $21,223 for females. The per capita income for the city is $20,461. 12.1% of the population and 9.7% of families are below the poverty line. Out of the total population, 15.6% of those under the age of 18 and 17.0% of those 65 and older are living below the poverty line.
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Copyright © 2010 Branson Tourism Center. All Rights Reserved. | <urn:uuid:961a6654-43e6-481b-9d0f-a19458410144> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.bransontourismcenter.com/bransonarticle74.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368700264179/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516103104-00042-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.947157 | 760 | 2.421875 | 2 |
In recent years, interior retail lighting has become as scientific as product selection and point-of-purchase displays, and stringent energy codes are leading manufacturers back into the laboratory to meet the challenges.
If merchandise is critical, then for some retailers, presentation is paramount. The majority of merchandise at retailer Pier 1 Imports originates from Pacific Rim countries where bright colors dominate the textiles and materials of the cultures. Punching up those colors in a retail environment led the company to a bright white light that would replicate a home’s sunroom.
Pier 1’s three-tiered formula for store lighting features primary illumination from a series of 75-watt compact fluorescent spotlights, increasing overall area brightness and reducing costs. In retrofits, the average 10,000-square-foot store was able to reduce its spotlight count from 350 to about 250.
For other retailers, consumer-demanded light has been the answer to achieving a better bottom line. In today’s green age, the combination of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and occupancy sensors are good business for global Goliath Wal-Mart, where most refrigerator and freezer cases only provide light when you need it—in the buying zone.
These and similar modifications are being implemented in part to cut costs, but also to comply with one of our nation’s key energy initiatives: conservation. Lighting is still the largest energy expense for retailers. According to the U.S. Department of Energy, lighting currently accounts for 37 percent of total energy in our country’s retail buildings.
“I think the most significant changes in commercial lighting overall have to do with code constraints, and that is driving a lot of development,” said Barbara Cianci Horton of New York-based Horton Lees Brodgen Lighting Design Inc.
Mandatory energy codes in most jurisdictions are based on recognized reference standards American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) 90.1-2001/2004/2007 and 2003 International Energy Conservation Code (IECC), which incorporates ASHRAE 90.1 as an alternative compliance path. States also have developed energy codes, such as California’s Title 24. In January 2008, ASHRAE published 90.1-2007, enabling states to adopt it or an amended version of it as their energy code.
"Regarding lighting, ASHRAE 90.1-2007 clarifies the standard’s intent and enacts several refinements but otherwise doesn’t revise the lighting power density (watts per square foot) limits from the 2004 versions, which itself was 20 to 25 percent more stringent than the 1991/2001 versions,” said Craig DiLouie of the Lighting Controls Association
Horton said while the code is mandating lower light levels, it takes time for clients to adapt.
“It’s like the tail wagging the dog. We design in these lower light levels to comply with code, but out on the job, customers don’t think they have enough light. We don’t educate them or the contractors. It’s not that there’s not enough light, it’s that they’re not used to these lower levels,” Horton said.
In addition to lighting code changes, last year, President George W. Bush signed House Resolution 6, the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007. The law, which regulates a wide range of efficiency requirements, targets energy-hogging lamps. Generally, under the new law, various lamp categories must use 25 to 30 percent less energy than that emitted by today’s products by 2012 and 2014. The phase-in will start with 100-watt bulbs in January of 2012 and end with 40-watt bulbs in January 2014. By 2020, all bulbs must be 70 percent more efficient.
Necessity is the mother of invention
Susan Anderson, manager of energy relations at Osram Sylvania, Danvers, Mass. reported that significant trends in ceramic metal halide replacing halogen are emerging in retail and lighting applications to address code changes. Two examples are low-wattage ceramic metal halide lamps and energy-efficient electronic ballasts.
“Not only do the metal halide systems yield energy savings, but the lamps also last much longer with average rated lives of 12,000 hours. The quality of light emitted by these lamps over their lives is excellent, making them an appropriate choice for the retailer that plans to occupy the space for several years,” Anderson said.
The next trend Horton sees is new lamp technologies. Horton agrees with Anderson that ceramic metal halide fixtures will offer more utility.
“Now we can get a ceramic metal halide 20-watt lamp with less power than a compact fluorescent and a smaller aperture with a nicer look, longer life and great color,” Horton said.
From a retail point of view, Horton said the fixtures offer value with numerous benefits.
“But the contractor has to be aware that he can’t go by the old price-per-square-foot formula because these fixtures are two times the cost of fluorescents,” Horton said, adding that she also predicts significant advances in LEDs—not only in individual lamp technology, but their use as a combined fixture.
Reduced-wattage, energy-saving T8 lamps also are starting to make an impact in commercial environments, Anderson said.
“With the lower watts-per-square-foot allowances, the reduced-wattage T8 lamps, which are compatible with both instant-start and programmed rapid-start electronic ballasts, provide an easy solution to meet the new standards.”
As codes and lighting technologies advance, it is up to electrical contractors to keep pace with emerging applications. Until recently, lighted commercial refrigerator and freezer cases used linear fluorescents. In many other applications, these fluorescent lamps deliver energy efficiencies. However, according to studies performed by the Lighting Research Center (LRC), fluorescent lamps in this application exhibit a reduced lighting output of up to 25 percent and provide uneven lighting due to cold temperatures, the lack of optics to direct the light and poor configuration and mounting location within the cases.
As a strategy to help achieve aggressive environmental goals, Wal-Mart has retrofitted cold cases with LED lighting and occupancy sensors from Watt Stopper/Legrand, Santa Clara, Calif., in more than 600 stores since 2007.
“Unlike fluorescent lights, LEDs can be switched on and off in cold temperatures without any loss of life expectancy. In fact, turning them off will increase their lifespan,” said Ralph Williams, P.E, Wal-Mart senior engineer.
Wal-Mart officials report the overall savings realized by changing from the previous uncontrolled T8 fluorescent lighting system to occupancy-sensor controlled LED lighting was 92 percent, and the time delay for the sensors was set to the minimum of 30 seconds to further maximize energy savings.
Another solution is a high-efficiency load-shedding ballast technology developed by scientists and manufactured and marketed by Osram Sylvania. It was honored earlier this year with a Technical Innovation Award at LightFair International 2008.
Jim Frey, Osram Sylvania ballast product marketing manager, said PowerSHED is currently used as a method to reduce loads by dimming the lighting in a building when peak electric demand is high or when the available supply is tight. When the ballast receives the power line carrier signal, it can immediately shed up to 30 percent of its load.
“Demand response service providers provide utility customers a way to ‘sell back’ their unused demand to reduce their electric bill. Many utilities use incentives (materials and labor) to encourage installation of demand response equipment. Typically, a utility customer can use these rebates and electricity bill reductions to pay off the investment in less than three years using the simple payback model,” Frey said.
Frey said that in demonstration projects preceding the PowerSHED introduction, the LRC found that reducing the lighting output by one third does not significantly affect lamp life, and 90 percent of the occupants accepted even higher light-level reductions when told that it was being done to reduce peak demand.
Aggressive mandatory wattage limits for lighting density levels in track lighting applications by ASHRAE 90.1-2004 and Title 24, forced mall-based retailer Pacific Sunwear (PacSun) to retool its store lighting program in the last two years.
The flexibility afforded by track lighting allowed the retailer to modify its displays based on responsiveness to the changing lifestyles of today’s teens, but Title 24’s 45-watt per linear foot calculation totaled more than 35,000 watts per store. PacSun stores were designed using high-efficiency ceramic metal halide fixtures, and each store was projected to consume only 7,000 watts per store and 8.75 watts per linear foot of track.
Lighting control manufacturer Lighting Control & Design, Glendale, Calif., developed a sub-branch current limiting electrical panel that calculates lighting density by the actual load size for each track rather than linear track distance.
“The sub-branch current limiting electrical panel as proposed by LC&D met California’s Title 24 requirements and was able to reduce the wattage calculation to 8,000 watts, a reduction of over 75 percent, and retained the lighting flexibility that PacSun needed to accommodate frequent store changeovers, ” said Cory Meier of Ericksen, Ellison & Associates, PacSun’s electrical engineering firm in St. Paul, Minn.
The sub-branch current limiting panel is UL listed to be placed in-line between the branch circuit breaker and the track-mounted lighting. It is approved by the California Energy Commission and meets the latest proposed requirements of ASHRAE 90.1-2004, which is expected to be issued by ASHRAE in the form of an addendum to section 9.1.14 of the code.
MCCLUNG, owner of Woodland Communications, is a construction writer from Iowa. She can be reached via e-mail at firstname.lastname@example.org. | <urn:uuid:d1350d24-a5f1-431a-83ec-f79b8d9c7fde> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.ecmag.com/section/lighting/necessity | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368706153698/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516120913-00039-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.934305 | 2,112 | 2.40625 | 2 |
(CNN) -- A blast of Arctic air Tuesday morning has much of the nation -- from the Great Lakes to Oregon and down to Texas -- in its cold, icy grip.
Snow covers a golf course in Summerlin, Nevada, near Las Vegas, on Monday.
The temperature at International Falls, Minnesota, was 26 below zero at 8 a.m. Tuesday, the National Weather Service said.
To the south in Minneapolis, below-zero temperatures were leaving roadways covered in black ice, sending drivers spinning into numerous accidents, CNN affiliate KARE-TV reported Tuesday.
Black ice, nearly invisible on roads, can form when car exhaust freezes on snow-covered pavement in sub-zero conditions, KARE said. Twin Cities drivers could find a little hope in the day's forecast high -- 4 degrees above zero by the afternoon.
Temperatures hovering as low as 23 below zero have parts of Montana frozen in their tracks, according to CNN affiliate KFBB-TV.
The forecast high Tuesday for Great Falls: 5 degrees.
WFAA-TV in Dallas, Texas, predicts the temperature will barely get above freezing, to 36 degrees, on Tuesday. A winter weather advisory is in effect for northern Texas.
In Las Vegas, Nevada, residents saw a rare snow accumulation.
Snow-covered grounds were a treat for iReporter Rena Moretti, who's lived in Las Vegas on and off for about 10 years.
"It's unbelievable. If it snows it never sticks. I've never seen it like that," she said. Watch snow delight skiers but frustrate motorists in Nevada »
In Denver, Colorado, where the temperature was minus 4, KMGH warned residents to expect more snow, with 2 to 3 feet expected in some parts of the Rocky Mountains. Watch ice cause havoc on Colorado roads »
While the snow is forecast to end Tuesday, the cold air mass should stick around all week. The station also warned commuters that driving would be a mess Tuesday morning.
"We've had people that have been trying to make it here ... either have been too intoxicated or just too cold and just fallen down and haven't been able to make it," says Siena Francis House worker and guest Jerry Rayburn.
According to the National Weather Service, the entire state of Iowa could be in for heavy snowfall Tuesday. Chicago, Illinois, no stranger to cold weather, is expecting a high of 22 degrees with snow, according to WGN.
Meanwhile, on a frontal boundary, West Virginia and western Tennessee are on the alert for possible freezing rain, the weather service reports. And KATV in Little Rock, Arkansas, said freezing rain and sleet were moving across the state.
In New England, socked by a powerful ice storm last week, temperatures were warming back up into in the 40s and 50s, WCVB in Boston, Massachusetts, reported.
But electricity may not be restored to some customers until the weekend, the station reported.
One town, Lunenberg, Massachusetts, said school students would be getting an extended Christmas break, with classes not resuming until the new year, WCVB reported. Debris-clogged roads were blamed.
"They're passable for vehicles and emergency vehicles, but they're not passable for buses. That represents a danger, so, we can't get the kids safely to school, even if we were able to open school," School Superintendent Loxi Joe Calmes said, accoding to WCVB.
Meanwhile, a cold, wet storm blew into Southern California. Twenty-four-hour rainfall totals were 1.44 inches at Los Angeles International Airport, almost 1 inch in Palm Springs, and an inch in San Diego, the weather service reported Tuesday morning. iReporters share their weather observations
Where is it not so cold? It was 69 degrees in Miami, Florida, early Tuesday morning, according to WFOR.
The price for the warm weather -- possible thunderstorms, says the National Weather Service.
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Statistics for occurrence #1 of “Jay” in chapter 1.1 of Southern Historical Society Papers, Volume 30.:
...me of political union that had broad consequences of which they little dreamed. If they had dreamed of them, the chances are the fabric would never have been completed. That Madison, Hamilton and Jay were equally blind to consequences does not follow. They probably designed a nation. If they did, however, they were too wise to take the public fully into their confidence; and, today, no impart...
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Even though the government says the economy has turned the corner and things are slowly getting better, Catholic Charities agencies nationwide reported more people seeking assistance over the summer.
For instance, agencies saw a growing number of requests for assistance from the working poor (up 81 percent), families (up 71 percent), seniors (up 48 percent) immigrants (up 48 percent) and homeless people (up 45 percent), according to Catholic Charities USA’s Snapshot Survey covering the third quarter of 2010.
“The number of moderate income families continues to increase,” Linda McKamie of Catholic Charities of Corpus Christi, Texas, was quoted as saying in the most recent survey. “A group that in the past was not in need of the type of assistance we provide started to access our pantry and financial assistance — these families report a lost of financial assets due to the loss or lack of employment.”
A big concern facing local agencies is the loss of state funding for poverty programs. With less money coming in under government contracts, programs that provide employment training, child care, pregnancy counseling, emergency shelter to domestic violence victims, housing support, health services and food distribution have implemented significant cutbacks.
Local agencies don’t expect the trend to get better any time soon as many states face large deficits because of a loss in income tax revenues.
The economic challenges have led Catholic Charities agencies to look at ways to trim costs, consolidate services and raise additional money in new ways, all in the hope of continuing to serve as many people as possible, the most recent survey said.
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Today the US Census Bureau announced that the nation’s poverty rate remained at 15% in 2011 after increasing each of the previous three year. President Obama and Mitt Romney both responded via online video messages.
Census numbers show that over 46 million people in America now live below the poverty line, including 16.1 million children. In 2011, the median household income fell 1.5% to $50,054. Poverty rates for blacks, 27.6%, and Hispanics, 25.3%, were twice as high as the rate for whites.
Obama’s poverty video cites the Biblical mandate to help the least fortunate. “The Bible calls on us to be our brother’s keeper and our sister’s keeper, and I believe that as a public servant, I must do my part to answer that call,” the President says in the video. His message is pointed: America “can’t ask the poor, the sick, or those with disabilities to sacrifice even more, or ask the middle-class to pay more, just so we can offer massive new tax cuts to those who’ve been blessed with the most. It’s not just bad economics, it’s morally wrong.”
Romney’s video outlines his economic plan, too. “If we’re going to help lift our brothers and sisters out of poverty we must restore our economy and reduce the debt,” he says. “I support means testing, where more money goes to those in need, and a little less goes to those who are able to support themselves.”
Christian leaders—including Jim Wallis, president of Sojourners, an organization of Christian activists, National Association of Evangelicals President Leith Anderson, Sister Simone Campbell, and Samuel Rodriguez, president of the National Hispanic Christian Leadership Conference —formed a group called “Circle of Protection” last year to combat poverty, pledging their efforts for “fiscal responsibility and shared sacrifice” and for resisting “budget cuts that undermine the lives, dignity, and rights of poor and vulnerable people.” Obama’s and Romney’s videos are available on Sojourner’s website.
“Record rates of poverty are unconscionable in this nation,” Wallis says. “I hope it makes a big difference in the public debate this election cycle.” | <urn:uuid:554c1194-18d3-49e9-8037-4841106a396d> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://swampland.time.com/2012/09/12/obama-romney-respond-to-new-poverty-data/?xid=rss-topstories | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368708766848/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516125246-00021-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.947854 | 503 | 2.15625 | 2 |
Nanoparticles, Adaptation, and Network Medicine: An Integrative Theoretical Framework for Homeopathy
The manufacturing process of homeopathic remedies involves trituration (mechanical grinding) and/or succussion (vigorous pounding of solutions in glass containers against a hard surface). These processes can generate nanoparticles of specific remedy source substances (e.g. metals or plant materials) as well as non-specific nanoparticles of lactose and silica. This paper summarizes the implications of the recent advances in research into the use of nanoparticles in medicine in general, as well as the discovery of nanoparticles in homeopathic remedies for research and clinical applications.
A central challenge for homeopathic researchers is to identify and test a plausible model for what homeopathic remedies are and how they work.
Advances in this area are needed both to address political pressure from skeptics and to improve the quality and consistency of clinical outcomes for patients treated with homeopathy. Recent research findings from multiple disciplines now converge to provide a much-needed integrative theoretical framework for homeopathy. The breakthrough discovery is that homeopathic metal and plant remedies contain crude types of nanoparticles, that is, small forms of their source material.
The remedy nanoparticles are objectively demonstrable using sensitive types of electron microscopy to characterize their structure and properties.
Additional nano-structures in remedies would arise from trituration of lactose and/or serial dilutions and succussions in ethanol-water solutions within glass containers, generating silica nanoparticles and crystals.
Dr Iris Bell
Dr Iris Bell explores the implications of the discovery of nanoparticles in homeopathic remedies for both research and clinical applications. In a short overview of this exciting field, the author looks at how nanoparticles are created during manufacture of homeopathic medicines, the nature of these particles, plus recent advances in research into the use of nanoparticles in medicine in general. [Read more] | <urn:uuid:a92c505c-aad0-4b1f-a1c6-6a58afaa78b1> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.similima.com/nanoparticles-an-integrative-framework-for-homeopathy | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368697974692/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516095254-00071-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.903238 | 390 | 2.484375 | 2 |
This a valentine game for preschoolers. It is simple and easy to set up. It can be competitive or non-competitive. It can be played by a single child or you can have multiple game boards for a group. This little Valentine’s Day game will teach your little person basic math concepts too.
Get ready to play:
- Make a game board by drawing a heart on a piece of construction paper. There are also free heart printables all over the internet that work well too.
- You need a die or number cards ~ If you have a child that is younger, you may want them to have dots so that they have a visual to count.
- Gather a bunch of foam hearts ~ these were purchased at Walmart.
- Place a handful of foam hearts on to the game board
- Roll the die (or draw a number card)
- Remove that number of hearts off of the board.
- The game is over when there are no more little hearts on the board.
- This game can be played in a group with each child having their own heart
- The game can be played individually as well
- The “game board” can be slipped into a page protector so that it can be used again and again
Have fun celebrating the season of love and kindess while counting together.
We are tickled pink to be linked to these delightful sites: | <urn:uuid:63771664-f7fb-4e83-afb3-46c02f05a3be> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://creativeconnectionsforkids.com/2013/01/how-many-hearts-a-valentines-game/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368696383156/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516092623-00070-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.954543 | 290 | 2.234375 | 2 |
Cash transfers conditional on certain behaviors, intended to provide access to social services, have been introduced in several developing countries. The effectiveness of these strategies in different contexts has not previously been the subject of a systematic review.
To assess the effectiveness of conditional monetary transfers in improving access to and use of health services, as well as improving health outcomes, in low- and middle-income countries.
Relevant publications were identified via electronic medical and social science databases from inception to April 2006 (PubMED, EMBASE, POPLINE, CAB Direct, Healthcare Management Information Consortium, WHOLIS (World Health Organization Library Database), African Healthline, International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS), Eldis, British Library for Development Studies (BLDS), ID21, Journal Storage (Jstor), Inter-Science, ScienceDirect, Internet Documents in Economics Access Service (Research Papers in Economics) (IDEAS[Repec]), Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature (LILACS), MEDCARIB, Virtual Library in Health (ADOLEC), Pan American Health Organization (PAHO), FRANCIS, The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, the Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effectiveness, and the Effective Practice and Organization of Care Group (EPOC) Register. Reference lists of relevant papers and “gray” literature resources were also searched.
To be included, a paper had to meet study design criteria (randomized controlled trial, interrupted time series analysis, and controlled before and after study) and include a measure of at least 1 of the following outcomes: health care utilization, health expenditure, or health outcomes. Twenty-eight papers were retrieved for assessment and 10 were included in this review.
Methodological details and outcomes were extracted by 2 reviewers who independently assessed the quality of the papers.
Overall, the evidence suggests that conditional cash transfer programs are effective in increasing the use of preventive services and sometimes improving health status.
Further research is needed to clarify the cost effectiveness of conditional cash transfer programs and better understand which components play a critical role. The potential success and desirability of such programs in low-income settings, with more limited health system capacity, also deserves more investigation. | <urn:uuid:a85702d9-5d8b-4a3c-886a-7f88ec4b5270> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://jama.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleid=209295 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368702448584/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516110728-00033-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.936746 | 450 | 2.09375 | 2 |
Finding an apartment is ridiculously hard in France. David and I have been searching for a few months now and everything is either too expensive, too small or too far away from public transportation. He only has a CDD (short-term work contract) and I’m unemployed. We were approved for Loca-Pass, but some landlords won’t accept it because they prefer a human co-signer (preferably a family member) instead of a business. Most apartments are rented through agencies instead of directly through the landlords, and they charge a few hundred euros for their “services.” We have a few friends who want to leave their apartments, but the problem is that they need to find new apartments too before they can move.
France has a problem with housing (not just affordable housing, but housing in general). I heard a few months ago on the news that there is a shortage of one million housing units. This does not mean that one million people are looking for housing. This means that there is no housing for one million families or couples or anyone else who could live together in an apartment or house.
The average rent for a one-bedroom apartment where I live runs more than 650 € ($873) a month, with no or few utilities included. I have no idea how single people survive here. That’s about the same price as my friend’s one-bedroom apartment in LA. In comparison, my one-bedroom apartment in Michigan was only $500 a month (372 €). | <urn:uuid:a2ae8fdd-9a18-4f51-9fec-4cd1e26d5810> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://ielanguages.com/blog/appart/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368701459211/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516105059-00042-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.980336 | 314 | 1.5625 | 2 |
Located in the south-eastern part of Rajasthan, Bhilwara district is characterised by an undulating topography, most of which falls under the revenue wasteland and grazing land categories. Changing land use patterns in the recent past have resulted in the loss of vegetative cover and over-exploitation of groundwater, putting under stress the viability of the rain fed farming-animal husbandry linked livelihoods. Working in a watershed concept in rain fed areas such as these not only entails the enhancement of biomass and water availability, but also takes into account a long-term perspective and works towards bringing about a balance in the appropriation of natural resources and production needs. In the given context, adopting a unique approach to implementing the (MG)NREGA offers new dimensions in the implementation of watershed development by involving Government, Panchayats, Peoples' representatives, local communities, corporate and development agencies under various innovative PPCP arrangements.
The project aims to facilitate ecological restoration activities by leveraging the opportunities in the (MG) NREGA and further graduating to the landscape level by augmenting collaborative arrangements in tandem with multiple actors for an integrated development process. Soil and moisture conservation measures specific to the land type and condition, revegetation measures on the identified commons under various secure or tenurial arrangements and strengthening systems of collective management and governance over land and water over contiguous areas in order to draw on the advantages of their ecological and social structures would go a long way in reinforcing the inter linkages in the ecosystem and boosting agriculture and livestock based livelihoods in the region. Implementation of the activities under the (MG)NREGS would impact the livelihoods of the rural communities both in terms of short term gains through wage earnings from various activities, and addressing the land and water scenario of the entire project area in the long run. The efforts would also help instil an awareness in the community towards their right to work, financial transparency, simplicity in procedures and the significance of their own vision and perspective in the overall program.
Working with Government of Rajasthan MG(NREGS) through shared arrangements with ITC Sunehra Kal is helping expand the project base to suit the interests of various partner agencies and complementing the watershed/landscape approach.
Government of Rajasthan
ITC Sunehra Kal | <urn:uuid:8234ce02-2b35-43c6-9ee7-6c5c777d2981> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://fes.org.in/includeAll.php?pId=My01MS0z&bhilprj&img=bhilwara | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368708142388/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516124222-00071-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.933493 | 469 | 2.359375 | 2 |
Dept: Office for National Statistics
Page 1 of 1 | 1 results
Release date: 08 January 2004 at
Theme: People and Places | Department: Office for National Statistics | Coverage: Wales
Geographic breakdown: Country
| Designation: National Statistics
Summary: Focus on Wales paints a picture of the people of Wales. It includes information on their characteristics, sense of national identity, ethnic diversity and Welsh language skills, as well as looking at the Welsh-born living elsewhere in the United Kingdom. | <urn:uuid:8f4b2f6a-22fa-41ef-b6b5-b6600beaa1a8> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.statistics.gov.uk/hub/release-calendar/index.html?newquery=*&lday=&lmonth=&lyear=&uday=&umonth=&uyear=&theme=&source-agency=Office+for+National+Statistics&coverage=Wales&designation=&geographic-breakdown=Country&title=&pagetype=calendar-entry&sortBy=releaseDate&sortDirection=EITHER | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368698207393/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516095647-00029-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.918452 | 103 | 2.484375 | 2 |
One year on from Cyclone Aila, people are still struggling to survive
(May 25th 2010) The international community must pledge financial support to rebuild the lives of those affected by Cyclone Aila, which hit Bangladesh a year ago, say Oxfam. With the threat of an impending monsoon, communities are still waiting for damaged embankments to be rebuilt so that they can return to their homes.
When Cyclone Aila swept across areas of southern Bangladesh and eastern India on 25 May 2009, it caused widespread damage and affected around three million people. In southern Bangladesh, the cyclone caused a tidal surge which broke through poorly maintained coastal embankments. In south western districts, especially in Satkhira and Kulna, people living in the coastal villages were forced to flee to raised embankments as houses and crops became submerged under water.
Gareth Price Jones, the Country Director of Oxfam in Bangladesh said, “It is unfortunate to see that the international community did not fulfil their pledge to provide $1.15 billion to rehabilitate cyclone Aila victims.
Today in the Shatkhira and Khulna districts only 45 kilometers of the 729km of damaged embankments have been reconstructed so far. People cannot return to their homesteads, as different points of breached embankments have not yet been repaired, due to inadequate resources and a lack of action.*
Over the last year Oxfam has continued to lobby the local and national government to take immediate steps to reconstruct damaged embankments to protect communities and their land from saline water.
While more than 100,000 people have fled to other parts of the country since the cyclone struck, some 125,000 people are still living in makeshift shelters on the embankments, struggling with basic needs such as shelter, clean drinking water and food.*
"One year after cyclone Aila and I am still living on the embankments. Nothing has changed in my life, things have got worse. I need pure drinking water, a house and the means to make a living,” said Shorbanu Khatun, a resident of Shatkhira.
More than three million people have been suffering due to a lack of clean drinking water since the cyclone. Only 5-7 percent of the population in the area are living where tube-wells have been installed. The average distance for others to fetch drinking water is about 1.5 miles.*
Oxfam has so far provided 12,000 families with 1.5 millions liters of safe drinking water as well as over 9000 families with shelter. It has also provided sanitation and a means of making a living to many families.
Around 60 percent of government schools in the affected areas are still inaccessible due to water logging or due to the lack of infrastructure. Many children cannot attend school, especially girls due to inadequate sanitation facilities.
With an impending monsoon the situation can only worsen unless the international community makes immediate arrangements to help people to cope and have access to food, shelter, safe drinking water and sanitation. Further delay will only increase the suffering of those affected.
Oxfam is also lobbying the Bangladesh government and international community for longer-term initiatives to rebuild the affected areas and help communities be better prepared for future disasters.
* According to the latest assessment by an alliance of INGOs involved in the response to cyclone Aila.
Photo gallery: One year after Cyclone Aila
Photo of the wk: Young Ahmed holds the keys to 1 of 48 new wash blocks, Zaatari camp #Jordan http://t.co/qOs5BOPh63 #Syria #refugees19 hours 25 min ago
1000s homeless again, searching for safety as violence erupts again in eastern #DRC http://t.co/C3cLwXNit3 $1bn WorldBank aid pledge20 hours 45 min ago
UN Disaster Risk Reduction Conference: Good, but needs to go further http://t.co/Hm54O1EsXT #GPDRR13 #drr @UNDP @unisdr @odi_development21 hours 50 min ago
European #taxhavens are 2/3 of the $150 billion tax loss problem http://t.co/jax7i3jVsd #G8 #taxdodging #transparency23 hours 30 min ago
Thx @Food_Tank! Proud 2b in 40 Orgs Shaking Up the Food System list @IFADnews @millenniuminst @OneAcreFund @ONECampaign @rocunited @FAOnews1 day 1 hour ago
RT @oxfamgb: Good news of £30m extra funding from @DFID_UK for #Syria. Still need more aid from others & big push for a peace. http://t.co/…1 day 1 hour ago
US pushes Europe to amend arms #embargo on Syrian rebels http://t.co/B8KYe8VNQn #SyriaCrisis @StateDept @WilliamJHague @eu_eeas @OxfamEU1 day 2 hours ago
+80,000 ppl have been killed & several million displaced since the #SyriaCrisis began; #EU must extend arms embargo http://t.co/JlpzH9egf71 day 2 hours ago
RT @Katie_Nguyen1: Another arresting headline from @katymigiro 'Chips for sex: Oxfam explores the lives of #Kenya’s hungry millions' http:…1 day 3 hours ago
RT @liviafirth: 1 empowered woman can spark a positive change for her whole community @Oxfam @thecircle_oxfam #SparksthatFly @eco_age1 day 3 hours ago
RT @Karl_Schembri: #Syria children nxt to newly installed water tap outside 1 of 48 new wash blocks by @Oxfam in #Zaatari Camp, #Jordan htt…1 day 4 hours ago
The #ArmsTreaty can create a safer future for millions, but first it needs signatures. Urge the US to sign! http://t.co/4YUsIawus71 day 5 hours ago
#EU foreign ministers must bite the bullet & extend the arms #embargo on #Syria http://t.co/rL80yARiSt #SyriaCrisis #ArmsTreaty1 day 12 hours ago
RT @OxfamIreland: Ireland pledges €2.5 million in aid to Mali to contribute to reconstruction http://t.co/wvUzsRsHoD via @IrishTimes #Mal…1 day 19 hours ago
As @UN Disaster Risk Reduction Conference ends, worth checking #GPDRR13 for great tweets from @unisdr @UNOCHA @Federation et al1 day 20 hours ago | <urn:uuid:ca129b7e-0363-46fe-8f4a-f00f0b722317> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.oxfam.org/en/grow/pressroom/pressrelease/2010-05-25/one-year-cyclone-aila-people-still-struggling-survive | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368705953421/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516120553-00065-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.903022 | 1,424 | 2.625 | 3 |
HISTORY OF FLIGHT Use your browsers 'back' function to return to synopsisReturn to Query Page
On March 1, 2008, about 0836 eastern standard time, a Velocity XL RG, N244CU, and a Vans RV-8, N128RV, registered to private owners, operating as 14 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Part 91 personal flights, collided on the ground following landing on runway 15 at the Arthur Dunn Air Park (X21), Titusville, Florida. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed and no flight plan was filed for either airplane. Both airplanes were destroyed by impact and post crash fires. The Certificated commercial pilot received serious injuries and the pilot rated passenger was killed in the Velocity. The Airline Transport Pilot and private rated passenger in the RV8 were also killed. The Velocity flight originated from Sebastian Municipal Airport (X26), Sebastian, Florida, about 0810. The RV-8 originated from Spruce Creek Airport (7FL6), in Daytona Beach, Florida, about 0805.
According to witnesses, the purpose of the arriving flights was for the participation in the Experimental Aircraft Association's (EAA) monthly pancake breakfast. There were several witnesses that had arrived at the airport, in airplanes, just prior to the accident. The witnesses stated that a flight of 4 RV-8's announced their intentions of landing in formation on runway 15. Witnesses recalled hearing the Velocity announce its intentions for a straight in approach to runway 15; he arrived on final just behind the 4th RV-8, and according to the witnesses he was to close to the 4th RV-8 to land as a separate airplane. Following uneventful landings the 4 RV-8's were exiting the runway at intersection B, to the left. The lead RV-8, N128RV had entered the intersection and was midway between runway 15 and the parallel taxiway when it was struck from the left side by the Velocity. The three remaining RV-8’s were still on the runway when the accident occurred.
Witnesses stated that the Velocity had landed on runway 15 following the flight of 4 RV-8's and ran off the runway on the left side, entering a grassy area separating the runway and taxiway. The Velocity continued in the grass and witnesses stated that they observed the Velocity collide with the RV-8 while in a left turn and with full engine power. Both airplanes exploded into a fire ball.
The extent of the velocity pilot's injuries precluded any interviews by the National Transportation Safety Board as of the time of this report.
The pilot of the Velocity, age 63, a Swiss National, held a private pilot (Foreign Based) certificate for airplane single engine land and glider, issued on February 3, 2000, and a second-class medical certificate issued on January 14, 2002, with no restrictions. The pilot also held a Switzerland pilot certificate which had been revalidated until June 9, 2008. Additionally, the pilot held a Swiss Class II Medical Certificate valid until June 26, 2008. The pilot reported on his most recent medical certificate that he had accumulated 1,728 total civilian flight hours. The pilot's logbook was not recovered.
The pilot rated passenger of the Velocity, age 80, held an private pilot certificate for airplane single engine land, a certified flight instructor certificate for airplane single land, instrument airplane, issued on June 13, 2000, and a third-class medical certificate issued on January 29, 2007, with a restriction that he must wear corrective lenses. The pilot reported on his most recent medical certificate that he had accumulated 1,068 total civilian flight hours. The pilot's logbook was not recovered.
The pilot of the RV-8, age 71, held an airline transport pilot (ATP) certificate for airplane multiengine land, commercial pilot certificate for airplane single engine land, a certified flight instructor certificate for airplane single and multiengine land, instrument airplane, issued on February 28, 1992, and a denied medical certificate issued on February 21, 2006. The pilot reported on his most recent medical certificate that he had accumulated 20,000 total civilian flight hours. The pilot's logbook was not recovered.
The pilot rated passenger of the RV-8, age 72, held an ATP certificate for airplane multiengine land, commercial pilot certificate for airplane single engine land and glider, a certified flight instructor certificate for airplane single engine land and glider, instrument airplane, issued on March 25, 1967, and a second-class medical certificate issued on December 6, 2007, with a limitation that he must wear corrective lenses. The pilot reported on his most recent medical certificate that he had accumulated 28,000 total civilian flight hours. The pilot's logbook was not recovered.
The four-seat, low-wing, retractable-gear, Ulrich Christen Velocity XL RG, experimental amateur built airplane, was certificated on September 13, 2001, and received its airworthiness certificate on December 21, 2002. It was powered by a Lycoming IO-540-SER, 300-horsepower engine, and equipped with a Constant Speed MT Propeller. The airplane logbooks were consumed in the post-impact fire.
The two-seat, low-wing, fixed-gear, William E. Hess, RV-8 experimental amateur built, was certificated on October 11, 2000, and received its airworthiness certificate on October 24, 2002. It was powered by a Lycoming O-360-SER, 180-horsepower engine, and equipped with a Hartzel propeller. The airplane logbooks were consumed in the post-impact fire.
The 0853 surface weather observation at Executive Airport (ORL), Orlando, Florida,, was: wind 090 degrees at 3 knots, visibility 10 miles, clear sky, temperature 64 degrees Fahrenheit, dew point temperature 52 degrees Fahrenheit, and an altimeter setting of 30.33 inches of mercury.
Arthur Dunn Air Park (X21) was located in Titusville, Florida. Runway 15/33 was 2,961 feet long and 70 feet wide. The runway was paved with asphalt and was in good condition. Runway 15 was the active runway at the time of the accident.
Examination of the RV 8 revealed that the Velocity struck the RV 8 from its left side; the Velocity passed through the RV 8 then continued to its final resting place.
On scene examination of the RV-8 found it in a grassy area adjacent to intersection B. The wreckage was on a heading of 280-degrees. The fuselage, cabin and left wing were consumed by the post impact fire. Flight control continuity was established to all flight controls leading to the cockpit area. Examination of the engine found no evidence of any mechanical failure or malfunction.
On scene examination of the Velocity found it inverted 330 feet beyond the RV-8 coming to rest on a heading of 330-degrees. The fuselage, right wing and cockpit were consumed by the post impact fire. Examination of the engine found no evidence of preimpact mechanical failure or malfunction.
The Velocity's first touched down point was observed about 550 feet from the arrival end of runway 15 near the left edge. The left main landing gear departed the runway's hard surface about 733 feet from the arrival end of the runway and at 786 feet the left main gear returned to the runway's hard surface. After passing taxiway D, at 1,295 feet, the nose gear departed the left side of the runway and at 1,385 feet, the right main gear departed the left side of the runway. Both mains remained in the grass until impact with the RV8. Braking action was noted from the left main gear at 2,310 feet and the nose gear was observed in the grass at 2,331 feet and the right main gear braking action was noted at 2,367. The impact point with the RV 8 was measured at 2,391 feet from the arrival end of runway 15.
MEDICAL AND PATHOLOGICAL INFORMATION
An autopsy was performed on the pilot of the RV8 on March 2, 2008, by the Office of the Medical Examiner, District 18, Brevard County, Rockledge, Florida. The autopsy finding reported the cause of death as blunt force injuries of head and chest.
Forensic toxicology was performed on specimens from the pilot of the RV8 by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Bioaeronautical Sciences Research Laboratory, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. The toxicology report stated that there was no Carbon Monoxide or Cyanide detected in the blood and no ethanol detected in the urine. However, there was Diphenhydramine detected in the urine but not in the blood. | <urn:uuid:f2a15e8c-6113-4730-a13a-b5f252f077bb> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.ntsb.gov/aviationquery/brief2.aspx?ev_id=20080305X00265&ntsbno=MIA08FA070A&akey=1 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368704132298/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516113532-00065-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.963762 | 1,768 | 2.34375 | 2 |
Trade center death toll drops below 4,000
NEW YORK (CNN) -- The death toll from the destruction of the World Trade Center has dropped significantly, according to numbers released Wednesday by Mayor Rudy Giuliani. He said authorities have come up with a new way of reporting the numbers.
A total of 3,682 people are either confirmed dead or missing and presumed dead, the mayor said.
"This is as close to accurate as I think we're going to be able to get for some time," he said. Giuliani said 2,283 death certificates have been issued by the medical examiner or the court. Many of those death certificates are for people whose remains have not been recovered or identified.
"That leaves the missing persons on the list at 1,399," Giuliani said Tuesday. Authorities believe most of the missing are probably dead.
But the mayor cautioned that the number of missing could still decline if more people are accounted for, especially by other countries.
Estimates of the missing and dead in the days after the attacks had at one point exceeded 6,500, but by the end of October had dropped to around 4,600. The higher numbers were most likely the result of double-counting from different lists that had been compiled.
Giuliani said the higher numbers also were the result of other countries reporting more people missing than proved to be the case.
Getting a firm grip on the death toll has been complicated by the devastation at the site.
Giuliani said about $40 million has been distributed from the Twin Towers Fund, set up to help families who lost loved ones in the September 11 attacks. About $105 million has been raised for the fund.
NY Thanksgiving parade to commemorate Sept. 11
November 21, 2001
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|Back to the top| | <urn:uuid:7ad6e67c-e5c3-4706-9692-f9e76e5bd72e> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://edition.cnn.com/2001/US/11/21/rec.wtc.deaths/index.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368710006682/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516131326-00069-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.978107 | 397 | 1.726563 | 2 |
Vertical drainage may improve soil salinity and moisture
Abdul Karim Yusufzai, Regional Water Quality Control Board, San Francisco Bay Region
Mark E. Grismer, UC Davis
California Agriculture 49(2):12-15. DOI: 10.3733/ca.v049n02p12.
A. K. Yusufzai is Associate Engineering Geologist, Regional Water Quality Control Board, San Francisco Bay Region; M. E. Grismer is Associate Professor, Hydrologic Science, UC Davis.
Existing drainage systems in many clay fields of the Imperial Valley have failed to improve soil salinity and to provide moisture conditions favorable to crop growth. In some fields, these problems are exacerbated by saline artesian water from a shallow sand aquifer. This pilot-scale field study in the Imperial Valley indicates that vertical drainage is more effective than traditional tile systems in reducing artesian water levels and the overlying clay soil moisture, and should over time also reduce the salinity of these soils. The cost of a widely spaced drainage well system appears comparable to “splitting” existing drainlines.
Drainage systems are commonly used in arid irrigated regions to promote crop growth by controlling water-table depth, root zone salinity and soil aeration. The Imperial Valley is extensively drained with both open ditches and lateral (tile) drainage systems that are designed to provide relief from shallow water tables. As a result of low permeability, the lateral drainage systems are relatively ineffective in many of the heavy clay soils that make up over 40% of the irrigated valley (California Agriculture, May-June 1988). Improving such drainage systems may be unfeasible because of the high costs associated with narrowly spaced drainlines. Nevertheless, during the past 3 decades growers in parts of the valley have “split” the original drain spacing in the clay soils in an effort to improve their efficacy, with little documentation that any improvement was achieved.
In our previous work in the area, we found that the poor performance of lateral drainage systems may be exacerbated by shallow fine-sand aquifers, which are a source of artesian water into the clay. Lateral drainage systems were not designed for these conditions, although several drainage studies from the 1940s and 1950s describe the widespread occurrence of the finesand aquifer. This artesian water results in relatively high soil moisture in the clay soil profile, and in progressive salinization of the root zone.
Although they have been only briefly considered as an alternative in the Imperial Valley, vertical drainage systems have been successfully installed in other semiarid to arid regions such as the Patterson area of Stanislaus County, the Salt River Valley of Arizona, and parts of the Red River Valley of North Dakota. This report evaluates the potential for and feasibility of developing a shallow vertical or well drainage system for the clay soils overlying fine-sand aquifers in the Imperial Valley as a means of reclaiming or improving these soils for crop production. We also compare the costs associated with lateral and well drainage systems and consider some of the benefits and drawbacks associated with each system.
The Imperial Valley is a highly stratified alluvial valley with an arid climate characterized by an average annual rainfall of approximately 3 inches, high summer temperatures, low relative humidity and abundant sunshine. The near-surface layers to depths of 300 feet alternate between sands, silts and clays that interfinger and are cross-bedded in formation. Soil boring by the USGS near the city of El Centro indicates that the silty clay and clay surface soils of the area are underlain by sands at depths ranging from 13 to 55 feet of land surface and thicknesses of no more than 180 feet. Development of this sand aquifer as a potential domestic or industrial source of water is limited by the relatively high salinity of the groundwater (5 to 10 times that of available Colorado River water) and the lack of need for additional water supplies. However, it was found that the transmissibility of the sand aquifer is moderately high, on the order of 100 to 10,000 gallons per day per foot (gpd/ft), and that production wells could easily yield in excess of 100 gallons per minute (gpm). Similarly, in a detailed study at the UC Desert Research and Extension Center (DREC), referred to locally as the Meloland area, we found a fine-sand aquifer underlying the clay soil at depths of less than 6 feet of land surface, with a thickness in excess of 20 feet and a transmissibility of roughly 1,500 gpd/ft. The salinity of the shallow groundwater ranged from 5 to 6 dS/m (deciSiemens per meter equivalent to the old unit of millimhos per centimeter).
In both cases the transmissibility of the sand aquifer, although not exceptionally large, is sufficient to develop vertical drainage systems. However, the groundwater quality is relatively poor. With careful management this groundwater could be applied to salttolerant crops, or blended with Colorado River water, but eventually the pumped groundwater would require disposal via the surface drainage canals to the Salton Sea.
This study was prompted in part by the fact that soil salinity in a clay field (area 70 of the UC DREC) has remained practically invariant over the past 30 years of record despite continuous lateral drainage at a depth of 6 feet and several leaching studies involving continuous and intermittent ponding and excess irrigations. The soil profile salinity reaches a maximum value at a depth of roughly 5 feet, corresponding to the pressure head (water elevation) of the artesian aquifer. Because we had a considerable data set for this site and we found it to be representative of many areas in the valley, we used the characteristics of this site as our base conditions with which to compare the performance of different vertical and lateral drainage systems.
In many clay fields of the Imperial Valley, vertical drainage systems may be more effective than existing lateral drainage systems. This pilot vertical drainage system was less expensive to install and its net annual cost was comparable to traditional tile drainage systems.
The design objective of both lateral and vertical drainage systems is to improve root-zone soil aeration and salinity through control of the water-table depth in the soil. The performance of these systems is typically evaluated in terms of the extent to which control of the water table at a desirable depth for crop production is achieved. Unfortunately, the criterion of water-table depth may not adequately describe the performance of the drainage system in terms of salinity control (California Agriculture, November-December 1990).
From the salinity control perspective, it is appropriate to gauge the performance of the drainage system in terms of the efficiency with which the system extracts root zone drainage, where root zone drainage is that fraction of the applied water not used by the crop or lost by evaporation. This efficiency depends on several factors related to the hydrogeologic setting of a lateral drainage system, such as drain depth and spacing, soil permeability and aquifer depth. The drainage efficiency of lateral drainage systems can be very low, with the larger fraction of the root zone drainage bypassing the drainlines. In a vertical drainage system, the extraction wells control the shallow groundwater system in such a fashion as to capture the root zone drainage, as well as some regional groundwater flows. Despite the differences in performance, both lateral and vertical drainage systems design involves the use of basic ground-water flow equations to determine the minimum spacing of drain lines or drainage wells necessary to maintain the water table at a desirable depth while capturing root zone drainage.
Assuming the soil profile characteristics of the UC DREC site as representative of a 640-acre (1 square mile) field, we determined lateral and vertical drain spacings from applicable spacing formulae and groundwater flow models, respectively. Taking the design water-table depth of at least 4 feet and a lateral depth of 6 feet, and ignoring upward flow to the drain-lines from the artesian aquifer, lateral drain spacings from the formulae of Donnan, Hooghoudt and Ernst yielded lateral spacings of 40 to 160 feet. The Imperial Irrigation District has historically recommended a lateral spacing of approximately 100 feet for valley soils, but has more recently suggested that a 50-foot lateral spacing for the clay soils would be more effective.
TABLE 1. Lateral drainage system costs for collector drains at 68-foot spacing and 6-foot depth on a 640-acre field
TABLE 2. Vertical drainage system costs for wells at 985-foot spacing (36 wells) and 30-foot depth on a 640-acre field
Although similar in concept to the lateral system design, vertical or well drainage-system design involves more complex equations or computer modeling and the choice of either different well-field layout patterns of a simple grid or the more efficient triangular pattern, which is potentially more difficult to install. Because of the variable thickness and large area of the shallow, fine-sand aquifer in the Imperial Valley, we chose a vertical drainage system design based on the “skimming well” concept used on islands for the extraction of fresh water above sea water, in a triangular pattern layout. This design involves a number of relatively shallow wells connected by a disposal pipe network, as compared to the more widely spaced individual high-production wells commonly used for vertical drainage. Based on computer simulation studies for the finesand aquifer at the UC DREC, the possible well spacings ranged from 600 to 1,400 feet at well depths of less than 50 feet and flow rates of up to 250 gpm per well.
In both the lateral and vertical drain scenarios, the costs associated with system installation increase with decreasing spacing, and the design problem becomes one of selecting a system with adequate performance in terms of water table and salinity control for the least cost.
The costs of a relief, or lateral, drainage system are primarily associated with installation of the drainlines and the number of control structures, such as manholes and sumps. For a 1-square-mile field, the least expensive lateral drain layout includes a series of parallel collector lines, at an appropriate spacing, draining into submains that drain into a telescoping collector drain that increases in diameter as the number of submains draining into it increases. Control structures for maintenance are often located at the junction of the submain and collector drains. The collector drain flows enter drain sumps, eventually discharging into district drainage canals. For the purposes of this analysis, we obtained 1992 cost figures from local contractors and from the Imperial Irrigation District. Table 1 summarizes costs for the lateral drainage system with a 68-foot spacing, and figure 1 illustrates how drainage system costs depend on drain spacing.
The costs of the well drainage systems are primarily associated with the pump and well installation, the pipe network necessary to remove pumped drainage from the field and the energy costs associated with pumping. The well field layout is in a triangular pattern in the 1-square-mile field, with rows of individual wells that either discharge into a PVC collection pipe that eventually enters a mainline pipe discharging to a district canal, or discharge directly to a canal from the field. Each well would be pumped by a dedicated submersible pump in order to minimize maintenance problems and surface obstructions. Because there is only limited well drilling in the Imperial Valley and local contractors don't exist, we used well drilling cost figures from contractors in Yolo County and parts of the San Joaquin Valley. We assumed that if drainage well installation projects were to develop in the Imperial Valley, a drilling contractor business would be established, with rates similar to those in other alluvial valleys. Moreover, we found that after penetrating the clay layer, a simple tractor-mounted spray jet nozzle was adequate to install the wells. We also noted that the rather shallow depths of the proposed well systems may allow more rapid installation, by drive-point methods or by a modified jetting apparatus, at much lower costs than are assumed here. Typically, as the well spacing increases a greater pumping rate (gpm) is required to maintain the minimum water-table depth. Table 2 summarizes costs for the vertical drainage system with a 985-foot spacing, and figure 2 illustrates how vertical drainage system costs depend on well spacing.
The drainage system costs shown in figures 1 and 2 indicate that the vertical drainage system costs are less than those of lateral drainage systems for drainline spacings less than approximately 65 feet (the maximum recommended spacing for clay soils). The primary difference between the two types of systems in terms of annual costs is that the vertical system is considerably less expensive to install but has greater operating costs associated with energy (electrical power) and maintenance. From the initial investment perspective, the vertical drainage system is competitive; however, in many fields of the valley, lateral drainage systems already exist and the cost of “splitting” the existing drainlines would be similar to that of installing drainlines at the 126-foot spacing, or approximately $95 per acre. At this cost, only the most widely spaced well system (1,400-foot spacing and 50-foot depth) may be competitive. The difference in performance of the two types of system may be the deciding factor.
Fig. 1. Lateral drainage system costs
It should be noted that these cost comparisons assume that the grower would obtain external financing for the drainage project. Use of internal funds would require a smaller rate of return, which would favor the lateral drainage systems.
In order to evaluate the practicality of vertical drainage, and in an effort to improve soil moisture and salinity conditions in the clay soils at the UC DREC, we installed a pilot-scale drainage well system in area 70 to evaluate vertical drainage feasibility in the field. The well system consists of eight 2-inch-diameter wells skimming water at depths of 15 to 18 feet and pumping at a rate of 1 to 2 gpm per well. The well field has lowered the artesian water level below the clay soil to distances in excess of 120 feet away, as well as reducing soil moisture in the clay. The system is roughly equivalent to a single 6-inch-diameter well pumping at 10 to 15 gpm and draining 3 to 4 acres of land. As a result of increased water movement through the clay, we anticipate reduction in soil salinity. So far, after 12 months of continuous pumping, small declines in salinity have been observed. After some difficulties associated with the initial installation of the well system, the system has operated smoothly with only regular maintenance (2 hours) of the pump and fittings every 6 weeks. Such maintenance would not be required for the submersible pumps used in the cost estimates given here.
The limitations of the pilot-scale system are the relatively small-diameter wells and shallow depths. However, the system performance exceeds that of the existing lateral drainage system (initially installed in 1963 and replaced in 1988) in terms of reducing soil moisture in the clay and, in due time, the soil salinity. The primary drawbacks of the pilot-scale system, or of any of the proposed vertical drainage systems, are the need for electrical power in the field and the land required for the wells and disposal pipe network. These inconveniences can be reduced by selecting the largest well spacing appropriate for the hydrogeologic conditions of the field and by burying the disposal pipe and wiring network in the field. In addition, the vertical drainage system would require regular maintenance that the lateral systems do not require.
Fig. 2. Vertical drainage system costs
In many clay fields of the Imperial Valley, vertical drainage systems may be more effective than existing lateral drainage systems. We evaluated the economic feasibility of the vertical systems by comparing their costs with those of the lateral systems. Based on projected costs for both drainage systems at installation, vertical drainage systems are much less expensive to install and have a net annual cost that is comparable to that of the traditional tile drainage systems. Computer simulation and pilot-scale field studies indicate that the vertical drainage system is more effective than the traditional tile systems in reducing artesian water levels and the overlying clay soil moisture, and should over time also reduce the salinity of these soils. Finally, it appears that a widely spaced drainage well system is similar in cost to “splitting” the existing drainlines, and if a groundwater drilling business is established in the Imperial Valley, vertical drainage may become a cost-effective and desirable alternative for improving saline clay soils in the valley. | <urn:uuid:2e398e4b-acab-4777-bbe2-cc5d9ebbc4df> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://ucanr.org/repository/CAO/landingpage.cfm?article=ca.v049n02p12&fulltext=yes | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368696381249/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516092621-00056-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.935312 | 3,359 | 3.125 | 3 |
Gigahertz wrote:Hi HTS members, I'm 25 and am close to finishing my bachelors in Computer Science. Do you think it's important to have hacking skills If I plan to be a software developer? If it's important to know, I'd rather not be ignorant about it but should I even know about this stuff in the first place? Thanks!
Users browsing this forum: No registered users and 0 guests | <urn:uuid:24a9a365-a9b2-4db6-8f79-f60dab38e5f5> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.hackthissite.org/forums/viewtopic.php?p=46901 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368698924319/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516100844-00022-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.957635 | 88 | 1.515625 | 2 |
Public Art Directory
According to Green, "One of the appealing aspects of this project was the abundance of glass throughout. My initial response was to see the space filled with natural light and very open. Simultaneously, the proposed area seemed also to be a kind of transitional space between two destinations. One of my main objectives in creating a site-specific artwork was that it enhanced the qualities already apparent from the initial design concept.
Achieving the desired effect lay in using etched glass as a medium. Being primarily an artist working two dimensionally I perceived the glass walls as a drawing surface. The design illustrates travelers passing through culturally different areas of the world. One of the most satisfying points of this entire project was watching the effect of sunlight on the glass and the shadows that are cast. Both visually and conceptually the effects truly extend the artwork."
In addition to the large panels of etched glass, the project also includes 15 small wall niche “windowsâ€, made of clear glass with a brightly colored interlayer, illuminated with fiber optic lighting and diffuser glass.
George Bush Intercontinental Airport-2800 North Terminal Road
Houston, TX 77032 | <urn:uuid:442dc016-7fa7-4e19-8542-fbc6081c4b5d> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.artshound.com/public_art/detail/33 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368701459211/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516105059-00008-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.948136 | 238 | 1.59375 | 2 |
This time the recommended read is a quick look on modern polar travel with some background information and links to trip reports and expedition homepages. With the summer getting closer, you can cool down with stories from the coldest places on Earth.
Despite the modern technology, polar travels are still very challenging endeavors, at least if you want to do them “properly”. Now days when planes and helicopters provide relatively easy access to the most remote places on Earth there are certain rules concerning what can be called a true polar expedition. But even though the technology has developed from days of the polar pioneers, the conditions are still equally or even more challenging than they were hundreds years ago. On this season all the expeditions to the North Pole had to be canceled because of bad weather making flights to the area impossible. Earlier this month three expeditions canceled their attempts and today Ben Saunders, who was trying to make a world record time to reach the Pole, announced in Twitter to cancel his attempt because of timetables stretching too thin:
“Ongoing blizzard at N coast of Ellesmere Island = no flights this year. Time to go home and have a cup of tea. Will update the site tonight” by polarben at Twitter. Ben Saunders has some cool videos of the preparations in Resolute Bay so check them out from the expedition homepage (recommended videos).
Geographic North Pole
Hauling sleds in pack ice. Image by Poppis Suomela.
The Geographic North Pole is a coordinate point in the middle of ever-changing sea ice of the Arctic ocean and the commonly accepted rules define that a journey to the Pole should start from land (not from sea or sea ice) and of course reach the 90 degrees North. Nowadays most expeditions to the Pole start from the Canadian Arctic by flying with ski equipped charter plane from village of Resolute Bay to the Ward Hunt Island in the far North and skiing from there some 800km to the Pole. This is a challenging journey through packed ice, open water leads and extreme cold. And as a bonus the currents and winds may drive the ice floes away from the Pole adding the challenge even more. The extraction from the Pole is usually done with helicopters via temporary Russian station called Barneo. Barneo si a science and expedition camp that is annually built on drifting sea ice in a massive airborne operation. The station remains active for a month or so and is then dismantled. This year the Russians haven’t yet been able to start building the station because of, yeah you guessed right, bad weather. The other way to get back home from the Pole would be charter flight to Canada. The only problem is that is costs six figure sum…
Crossing open water on the way to the North Pole. Image by Poppis Suomela.
In 2006 The expedition of the Airborne Ranger Club of Finland reached the North Pole after a very challenging journey. The expedition homepages are still online and include a lot of background information and diary and can be found from www.pohjoisnapa.fi (recommended read). Truly recommended read. IT is fascinating and exciting story (though I killed some of the suspense by telling that they got to the Pole…)!
Geographic South Pole
Skiing in sastrugi (rock hard snow drift formations). Image by Poppis Suomela.
The Geographic South Pole on the other hand lies in a middle of huge ice sheet of the Antarctica. It is equally hard to reach and even getting to the starting point is extremely expensive as there are no permanent settlements (well, many research stations are manned the year round) and everything, including plane-fuel, have to be flown to the continent. Most often it is agreed that a journey to South Pole should start from the edge of the landmass of the Antarctica. This doesn’t mean the true coast as the ice sheet expands well over the underlying continent. The stricter definition says that the journey should start from the edge of the ice further away from the Pole. Vast majority of the expedition fly from Punta Arenas Chile to Patriot Hills summer vamp in Antarctica, take a short charter flight from there to the Hercules Inlet ant start the over 1000 kilometer ski over the ice plateau to the South Pole. The Amundsen-Scott base lies in the immediate proximity of the South Pole and during the summertime there are regular flights from the Pole but those aren’t cheap either as the fuel to fly out has to be first flown in to the Pole…
In 2008 Kari “Poppis” Suomela and Pasi Ikonen became the first Finnish expeditions to reach the South Pole unassisted and unsupported. At the same time Poppis became 11th person in the world to ski to the Geographic North and South Poles unassisted and unsupported. The expedition website with diary can be found from here: www.thepole.fi (recommended read).
Poppis is also a reporter and nature photographer and he has written books about both expeditions. The books are great with amazing photos. You can order them (in Finnish, Swedish or English) straight from the man himself by clicking here. There are also some free sample pages to take a look at.
What is unsupported and unassisted?
The purest form of polar travel is considered being unassisted and unsupported. This mean using only human power (no motors, no dogs, no wind assistance) and being totally self-sufficient for duration of the journey (not receiving any outside help or supplies). Being self-sufficient is quite understandable as there are no supply points en-route and charter flights for supplies cost a truck load of money. On the other hand being self-sufficient is very challenging and many expeditions rely on resupplies on the way. Both Expeditions linked above were unassisted and unsupported, pure human-powered polar traveling.
Some might say that it is cheating to fly out from the Poles. There is a certain point in the claim but on the other hand, expeditions almost always fly to and from their starting and ending points so it is more a matter of definitions. Only a few phenomenal expeditions have done unassisted and unsupported full crossings of the Arctic Sea (Gjeldnes & larsen, 2000) and the Antarctic continent (Skog & Waters, 2010 – over 1800km and 70 days!). There has also been one unassisted and unsupported return-trip to the North Pole (Weber & Malakhow, 1995) but dispite attempts, no one has ever managed to ski unassisted and unsupported to the South Pole and back. That would be well over 2000km of skiing!
For more information about “the rules” of polar travel, expeditions and historical statistics, see Explorersweb. | <urn:uuid:80f988da-7242-4dc1-a5d2-183ea3123ee3> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://korpijaakko.wordpress.com/tag/polar-travel/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368702810651/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516111330-00035-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.946626 | 1,399 | 2.234375 | 2 |
|First Parish Universalist Church
790 Washington Street, P. O. Box 284, Stoughton, Massachusetts 02072
|Worship: 10:30 AM
Children's Chapel: 10:30 AM
Church School: 10:45 AM
A Look At Kosovo
Rev. Jeffrey Symynkywicz, April 19, 1999
Serbs may be the only people whose national day-- June 28-- commemorates a military defeat.
On June 28, in the year 1389--and the fact that an event which occurred more than 600 years ago still figures so prominently in a contemporary geo-political issue gives you some idea of just how deeply-seated and complicated this subject is-- on June 28, 1389, the Serbs under Prince Lazar were defeated by the Ottoman Turks at Kosovo Polje-- "the field of the Blackbirds"-- just west of what is the Albanian capital, Pristina, today.
To this very day, Serbian school children can still recite from memory the epic poem of the sad tale of Prince Lazar:
Od svetinye, od Yerusalima,
I on nosti titsu lastavistu...
There flies a gray bird, a falcon,
This is no falcon, no gray bird,
The Tzar chose a heavenly kingdom,
[And Lazar was defeated, his empire crushed. So, near the end of this great epic, there are these words:
is a Serb and of Serbian birth,
is the heart of Old Serbia. It is the Serb Jerusalem, the Serb Holy Land-- watered, as
they like to say, with the blood of generation upon generation of Serbs.
And Kosovo is also a province of the former (and present) Yugoslavia, which is (or was until recently) 90% Albanian-- people with a legitimate right to cultural autonomy and political self-determination.
The crisis in Kosovo did not begin with NATO trying to bomb Serbia back to the peace table. The general mindset goes deep in Serb history; the particular ethnic divide in Kosovo that has led to the current crisis extends back at least to the establishment of Socialist Yugoslavia by Tito following the Second World War.
Marshall Tito was first and foremost, a Yugoslav-- fiercely resistant both top foreign domination and to the strains of nationalism in any of the Yugoslav republics (including his own native republic, Croatia, where he squelched all nationalist revivals ruthlessly). But as a Croat, Tito was especially resistant to any stirrings of Serb nationalism and dreams of a "greater Serbia" within the new socialist Yugoslavia he sought to build. (And we may all be forgiven, in the light of what has transpired in Yugoslavia since Tito's death in 1980, to conclude that maybe he wasn't so bad-- relatively speaking at least-- after all.)
When Tito forged the new Yugoslav Federation following World War Two, one of his guiding principles was to limit the influence of Serbia, the largest and most populous Yugoslav Republic. One way he sought to do this was by creating within the Republic of Serbia two autonomous provinces-- the multi-ethnic province of Vojvodina in the north (of which no one, it seems, has heard), and the Albanian-dominated province of Kosovo in the south, bordering on the independent nation of Albania.
These provinces-- Vojvodina and Kosovo-- were given a great deal of autonomy in handling many of their own internal affairs-- as much, really, as any of the constituent republics of Yugoslavia had. Indeed, in the eyes of most observers, Vojvodina and Kosovo were autonomous republic, in all but name (because Tito realized that even he didn't dare sever the historic "holy land" of Kosovo from the body of Serbia proper).
But in 1974, a constitutional commission presented the final constitution of the Tito era-- a long rambling document of more than 84 pages and more than 200 articles (the longest constitution of any country in the world). This document was a struggling, awkward attempt to formulate the kind of Yugoslavia that would survive after Tito's death, and in it, self-government for the autonomous provinces was increased still further. Kosovo was given its own legislature, university, supreme court, police force, and militia-- all Albanian dominated. The province was given its own seat on the collective presidency established to rule Yugoslavia after Tito's death, and a staunch Albanian national, Fadil Hoxha, was designated to the post.
Rather than serving to assimilate Kosovo in a united Yugoslavia, greater self-government for the province served only to fan the flames of Albanian nationalism. Emboldened by their increased autonomy, many Kosovo Albanians began openly to criticize the authorities in Belgrade. Many began to push vehemently for Kosovo's designation as a full republic in its own right-- completely independent of Serbia. Many even began to demand that Kosovo be allowed to annex itself to neighboring Albania, then under the iron rule of the Stalinist dictator Enver Hoxha.
There is ample evidence that the situation for the Serb minority in Kosovo was far from ideal. Some Albanians exploited their position as the overwhelming majority in the province to harass their Serb neighbors, to try to seek revenge for their own historical grievances. The government and the civil service in the province soon came to be completely dominated by Albanians, with little place for ethnic Serbs in the better positions. Many Serbs decided to leave Kosovo altogether, and moved to Belgrade (or to parts of Bosnia and Croatia, where there presence would serve, later, to inflame ethnic tensions in those areas). Of course, this only magnified the reality that, by the 1980s, Kosovo was overwhelmingly (around 90%) composed of ethnic Albanians.
As the Yugoslav Federation crumbled following Tito's death in 1980, Serbs and Albanians within Kosovo faced each other across a deep divide of fear. The Albanians feared that the increasingly nationalistic Serb leaders in Belgrade might move against them again and might even order full-scale genocide. The Serbs in Kosovo lived in constant fear that the Albanian majority might rise in armed rebellion, and take revenge against them for years of persecution.
And underneath these tensions, we must remember that in Yugoslavia-- especially in Serbia-- there is the deep memory of the living hell the country experienced during the Second World War. In Serbia, one out of three males between the ages of 15 and 55 was either killed or wounded during the war. In Croatia, the nationalist leader Ante Pavlevic, head of the pro-Fascist Ustashe, had boasted "One-third we will kill, one-third will be driven out of Croatia, one-third will be converted to Catholicism," when asked how he would deal with Croatia's Serb population.
Thousands of Croatian Jews were murdered, or sent to concentration camps in Poland. Serb villages were burned to the ground. In Croatia's larger cities, many Serbs were simply slaughtered as they walked on the streets. The total number of Serbs killed in Croatia during the war is generally placed at somewhere between 500,000 and 700,000, including several hundred thousand alone at the Jasenovac concentration camp near the Bosnian border. Soon, even some high ranking Nazi officials were complaining to Pavelic that the bloodshed in Croatia and Bosnia had gone too far.
And of the Serbs who were not killed-- who were "merely" driven from their homes in Croatia and Bosnia "back" into Serbia-- where were many of them finally settled?
In the underpopulated areas of southern Serbia, of course. In Kosovo, of course.
Thus, even though it might be tempting to demonize the Serbs in the present situation (and I am not in any way seeking to mitigate or explain away all of the evil that has been done in the name of "greater Serbia"-- first in Croatia, then in Bosnia, now in Kosovo), we do not have to scratch too deep beneath the surface-- no further back than a single generation really-- to glimpse some of the reasons for Serb paranoia, and the justifiable historical grievance which many Serbs hold.
History is seldom easy, and is sometimes downright cruel. And it is difficult to imagine a less helpful figure being thrown into this ethnic nightmare than the Serb leader Slobodan Milosevic.
Milosevic was born in 1941 in Montenegro (one is reminded that Hitler was born in Austria and Stalin in Georgia). His father was a Serbian Orthodox priest (who later committed suicide, as did Milosevic's mother). Early on, however, young Slobodan turned his back on the church and became a dedicated member of the Communist party's youth organization. Under its auspices, he attended college and then law school. Upon receiving his law degree in 1964, he went to work for several government organizations in Belgrade, including the utility company Tehnogas, and eventually became director of the largest bank in the capital, Beobanka.
Gradually, Milosevic rose within the ranks of the Serbian branch of the League of Communists. In 1984, with the support of Ivan Stambolic, head of the Serbian party, he was elected chair of the Belgrade party committee, where he served as Stambolic's most trusted lieutenant. In April 1987, Stambolic asked Milosevic to travel to Kosovo, to ascertain the true situation in the troubled province.
On April 24, Milosevic held a large meeting in Pristina. Only Serbs were invited, and all were given the opportunity to express their feelings about the situation in Kosovo. For several hours, Milosevic sat and listened as, one after another, Serb men and women spoke of the indignity, harassment, and even physical violence they had experienced at the hands of their Albanian neighbors. Some spoke of being beaten. Others said that their homes had been broken into and their property stolen. Still others told even more horrendous tales of rape and physical abuse. Milosevic vowed that something would be done to correct the situation.
Outside the meeting hall, a large crowd of Serb nationalists had gathered. There were numerous fights between Serbs and Albanians, and some Serbs started pelting the Kosovo police (all Albanians, remember) with stones. The atmosphere was tense, and Milosevic seized the moment. He stepped into the middle of the Serb nationalist mob, and, as they cheered him on, declared that the time of fear and terror was over. It was time for Serbia to reassert control and guarantee the safety of Serb citizens. "No one will ever beat you again," Milosevic proclaimed.
On his return to Belgrade, Milosevic used the sad situation in Kosovo as the excuse for having Stambolic removed from power. The time had come, Milosevic proclaimed, to put an end to Albanian "terrorism".
On November 17, 1988, Milosevic launched a purge of the Kosovo branch of the ruling League of Communists, replacing its Albanian leaders with Serb nationalists. That same day, 3,000 coal miners in town on Trepca went on strike, and called upon other Kosovo Albanians to join them. By early 1989, unrest had spread to the capital Pristina, where students marched in the streets and declared a general strike. Other Albanian youths threw rocks at police cars and broke the windows in government offices. Some stepped up the harassment of their Serbian neighbors.
Milosevic saw that an opportunity to make good on his promise to the Kosovo Serbs was at hand. He declared the situation in the province out of control, and had the Serbian parliament declare a state of emergency, and suspend Kosovo's status as an autonomous province.
Milosevic managed to restore an uneasy calm to Kosovo. But only by crushing ruthlessly all Albanian hopes for self-determination, and only by letting the evil genie of nationalism out of the bottle into which it had been stuffed by Marshall Tito so many years before. The resurgence of nationalism in Serbia which the Kosovo crisis had engendered encouraged the reawakening of nationalist feelings in Croatia, Slovenia, and elsewhere in the Yugoslav Federation.
Serb nationalists throughout Yugoslavia-- in Croatia and in Bosnia-Herzegovina-- were encouraged by the vehemence Milosevic had shown against the Albanians in Kosovo. Many now spoke openly of the possibility of a creating a "greater Serbia" that would unite all Serbs living within the borders of Yugoslavia. This new Serb republic would include all lands in which Serbs were a majority of the population. Some of these lands lay inside Croatia; others were within Bosnia.
Perhaps authorities elsewhere in Yugoslavia were willing to look the other way as Serbia sought to reassert its control over the impoverished Albanians of Kosovo. But they certainly would not do so should Serbs attempt to annex lands within the boundaries of their own republics.
And when the Yugoslav federation ceased to function, this is precisely what happened. First in Croatia-- then, even more horrendously, in Bosnia-- assertions of national autonomy by the majority population led to counter assertions by the Serb minority, and then, to full-scale war. In Bosnia alone, more than a quarter million people were killed in almost four years of bloodletting.
All the while, as "ethnic cleansing" in Bosnia continued before the eyes of a horrified world, the Western powers stood back, and seemed paralyzed as they struggled to find answers. Finally, largely through U.S. intervention, the West managed to bring the sides together at Dayton to sign an uneasy peace treaty-- a treaty which is, somehow, still holding.
Now, in Kosovo, the West seemed determined to act before it was too late-- but in acting, in attacking Serbia, NATO may actually have inflamed the situation on the ground, and speeded up the evil process of ethnic cleansing and genocide against the Albanians of Kosovo.
In late December 1992, with just weeks remaining in his term of office, US President George Bush wrote a stern letter to Milosevic, saying that the United States would not tolerate any widening of the Yugoslav civil war into Kosovo. "In the event of conflict in Kosovo caused by Serb action," President Bush wrote, "the United States is prepared to employ military force against the Serbs in Kosovo and Serbia proper." The U.S. leader had drawn a "line in the sand" in Kosovo. Serb aggression there would not be allowed.
Recent actions by President Clinton seem the follow through on his predecessor's prescient ultimatum.
But sadly, the Serbs are drawing lines in the sand of their own. The dream of a greater Serbia which many Serbs imagined resulting from the breakup of Yugoslavia has been all but lost. Serb gains in Croatia have been turned back. The Serb claim to Sarajevo has been lost, and the Republika Srbska now exists as a phantom of itself within the still-unified, multi-ethnic republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
The Serbs, so often beleaguered-- with a national mindset, it would seem, based largely on resistance to outsider powers-- have vowed never to loose their hold on Kosovo.
And seldom are the choices in world politics easy-- but seldom are there so many bad choices as there are in the tragedy in Kosovo.
And one may be forgiven in wondering if, in some mad way, the petty tyrant Milosevic pictures himself as a sort of Prince Lazar for the new millennium. Perhaps he sees in this awful, compounded tragedy, a situation where he cannot lose: For in holding on to Kosovo, Milosevic becomes the savior of the Serbian holy land. And if he loses, and Kosovo goes its own way in me, he takes his place with Prince Lazar, a leader remembered because of the battle he lost.
But it is no heavenly kingdom Milosevic seeks. And in taking the Serb people down with him, he promises them only the nightmare of a living hell.
This is, obviously, a sermon weighted toward explaining how we got here, rather than where we go from here. I am more than willing to continue this discussion with any of you who might be interested in the church parlor, following today's worship service.
I have this morning tried to lay out some of the background of the current tragedy in Kosovo. That is, an area, where I have a little bit of expertise, however limited. However, when it comes to matters of public policy-- particularly, what the actions of our government and our armed forces should be in the face of this horrendous situation-- I have little more to offer than any of you. But I think it is important for us to come together when we can to share our ideas.
There are no easy answers to the situation in Kosovo. This is, indeed, a sermon without a final "amen". But there are things we can do to help. So now I would ask you all to give generously in support of humanitarian efforts to assist in this tragic situation. | <urn:uuid:19394238-3bba-4093-9cd8-423f31d16ab6> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.uustoughtonma.org/Sermons/Archives/19990419Kosovo.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368700958435/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516104238-00052-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.973903 | 3,524 | 2.359375 | 2 |
Congress pushes for farm program fixesWASHINGTON — The pressure is mounting in the nation’s capital to rewrite at least part of the farm bill this year as Congress considers a huge piece of legislation to create jobs and reduce the deficit.
By: Jerry Hagstrom, Special to Agweek
WASHINGTON — The pressure is mounting in the nation’s capital to rewrite at least part of the farm bill this year as Congress considers a huge piece of legislation to create jobs and reduce the deficit.
On Sept. 19, President Obama proposed the continuation of disaster aid programs that expire Sept. 30 and $33 billion in farm program cuts over 10 years by eliminating the direct payments program and reducing the budget for crop insurance and conservation. A day later, Senate Budget Committee Chairman Kent Conrad, D-N.D., said it would be better for the joint committee on deficit reduction to include his proposal to create a new farm program by merging the countercyclical subsidies, the average crop revenue election program known as ACRE and disaster aid programs.
Whether there is any movement on farm programs this fall depends on whether the 12-member supercommittee composed of an equal number of Democrats and Republicans from both houses can come up with a proposal to cut the deficit by $1.5 trillion over 10 years that the House and the Senate can pass and President Obama will agree to sign. If no package passes Congress by Dec. 23, a program of automatic cuts to domestic and military spending totaling $1.2 trillion over 10 years will go into effect in 2013.
Disaster aid programs for crop, forage, livestock, tree, honey and farm-raised fish producers expire on Sept. 30, but Obama said those programs should continue, particularly in light of the many disasters around the country.
But he also noted that the farm economy has been prosperous in recent years and proposed that the direct payments program be eliminated. Direct payments cost the government $4.8 billion per year, but the cost savings would be only $3 billion per year because the administration anticipates that many farmers would sign up for the ACRE program if they lose their direct payments.
Obama also said that even though Congress and the administration have cut payments to crop insurance companies, the government could save another $8.3 billion over 10 years by reducing crop insurance company profits and other payments and lowering the subsidy that the government provides to producers who get more than a 50 percent subsidy on their premiums by two basis points. Obama proposed to save another $2 billion over 10 years by cutting conservation programs, but that money is likely to come from savings to the Conservation Reserve Program, which idles land for environmental improvement and wildlife habitat. Participation in that program has been going down because commodity prices are high and landowners are less interested in getting rent from the government rather than keeping their land in production.
Many members of Congress and lobbyists, particularly those in the crop insurance industry, said the cuts to agriculture were too deep.
Conrad, who has been working on a farm bill proposal for several months, told Agweek that, while the agriculture economy is strong, the agriculture budget is “going to have to provide savings.” But he added that agriculture’s contribution should be “savings that are attached to policy that makes sense so you have an entire package that can hold together that can be implemented.”
Conrad noted that the agriculture committee has until Oct. 14 to make recommendations to the supercommittee and said he thought the committee should take up his bill and recommend it.
Agriculture Secretary Tom Vilsack also said recently that the disaster aid programs that expire Sept. 30 should be extended without a gap, and Conrad said he agreed. Vilsack told reporters that he did not understand how he could tell farmers that if they had a disaster before Oct. 1 that they would get benefits, but that after Oct. 1, there would be no aid.
Conrad praised Obama for including disaster aid in the jobs and deficit reduction package that the White House released Sept. 19, but said Obama’s proposed cut was too big and that it would be better to incorporate his proposal into the deficit reduction bill.
Combining several programs “will save money, be simpler to administer and pay significant economic dividends for taxpayers,” Conrad added.
Conrad has not released his proposal, but said he is now “vetting” it with both colleagues and farm leaders and getting “a positive reaction.” He said he does not have an “official” score for the proposal.
“Most people understand in this budget environment that agriculture has to be part of the solution, but the cuts should not be disproportionate,” Conrad said. “We have to keep in mind where we stand on the world stage. We have to keep in mind what are the essential elements that would allow us to be competitive in the world.”
Senate Agriculture Committee Chairman Debbie Stabenow, D-Mich., has not commented directly on Conrad’s plan although she previously has said that she appreciated the effort he was making in developing the proposal. Of Obama’s proposal, Stabenow said any decisions on cuts should be made by the agriculture committee and that farmers need both crop insurance and conservation programs.
House Agriculture Committee Chairman Frank Lucas, R-Okla., and Senate Agriculture ranking member Pat Roberts, R-Kan., were critical of the Obama proposal in a joint statement.
“The president’s policy priorities reveal a lack of knowledge of production agriculture and fail to recognize how wholesale changes to farm policy would impact the people who feed us,” the statement said.
“For example, cutting $8 billion from the crop insurance program puts the entire program at risk. We have heard again and again from producers that crop insurance is the best risk management tool available. In jeopardizing this program, the president turns a deaf ear to America’s farmers,” the statement said. “Meanwhile, SURE (the biggest disaster program) has not worked as intended for most crops, but the president proposes extending it,” the statement from Lucas and Roberts said. “The president only proposes a $2 billion cut, roughly 3 percent, to conservation despite his claim that conservation spending has increased 500 percent through the years. And, the president does nothing to address waste, fraud, abuse, and other integrity issues within nutrition programs, which account for 80 percent of USDA spending. Ultimately, cuts to agriculture must reflect its diversity across the country, respect the challenges producers face, and preserve the tools necessary for food production.”
Lucas has said, however, that he does not expect the supercommittee to cut food stamps and Roberts championed saving the program in the 1996 farm bill. Lobbyists say continuation of food stamps is vital to getting urban votes for the farm bill.
National Farmers Union President Roger Johnson, a former North Dakota agriculture commissioner, said he was pleased by Obama’s proposal to extend disaster aid, but “surprised and a little disappointed” at the depth of the cuts to farm programs. Although Farmers Union never has favored direct payments, Johnson has noted that its members in Southern states like the program. He said he found the crop insurance cuts “troubling.”
Ferd Hoefner, a lobbyist with the National Sustainable Agriculture Coalition, said he did not consider the $2 billion cut in conservation to be of much importance because the administration has proposed cuts to conservation programs each year. He said he wondered if the administration wants the $2 billion cut in addition to the cuts it has proposed in the appropriations process.
Hoefner, who contends that farm subsidies to large producers make it harder for small producers to stay in business, said that even though the administration proposed cutting direct payments, he was disappointed that the president did not fulfill a campaign promise to strive hard to impose stricter payment limits on farmers.
The cuts to crop insurance generated the strongest criticism. The White House noted that “crop insurance is a foundation of our farm safety net” and that 83 percent of majority commodity crop acres now are enrolled in the program. But the administration also noted that the cost of the program has risen to approximately $8 billion per year, with $2.3 billion going to private insurance companies to administer and underwrite the program and $5.7 billion going in premium subsidies to farmers.
The administration noted that the companies had agreed to accept $6 billion in cuts to administrative expenses and underwriting gains over 10 years in a renegotiation of the standard insurance agreement in 2010, but said, “there are additional opportunities for streamlining of the administrative costs of the program.”
A USDA-commissioned study found that when compared with other private companies, crop insurance companies’ rate of return on investment should be about 12 percent, the administration noted, but that it currently is expected to be 14 percent. The administration proposed lowering the rate of return to 12 percent, saving $2 billion over 10 years.
It also proposed capping the administrative expenses at $900 million over 10 years, saving $3.7 billion; slightly lowering the reimbursement for catastrophic coverage, saving $600 million, and shaving two basis points off the premiums on which the government pays more than 50 percent of the cost of the premium subsidy, saving $2 billion. Total savings from crop insurance would be $8.3 billion, the administration says.
Tom Zacharias, president of National Crop Insurance Services, a research group supporting the companies, spoke out against the proposal.
“The plan is devastating to those in agriculture, particularly in a year that has seen extremely volatile commodity prices and weather events — from droughts in Texas and Oklahoma to floods in the Northeast and Midwest,” Zacharias said. “The White House calls for further streamlining of the Federal Crop Insurance Program, which has already contributed more than $4 billion towards deficit reduction, and $12 billion overall in spending reductions since 2008. Congress needs to evaluate the economic impact of weakening the primary safety net on which farmers and our rural economy can rely.”
A coalition of crop industry companies and agents also said, “On behalf of crop insurance companies, agents and producers who have stated that federal crop insurance is the cornerstone of U.S. farm policy, we strongly oppose the administration’s reckless cuts to crop insurance. The administration’s proposal does not ‘modernize’ crop insurance or implement it ‘more efficiently,’ as it purports to do. To be clear, the administration proposal would end federal crop insurance. Given the bad economy, high unemployment, recent deep cuts and widespread natural disasters, the administration proposal is divorced from reality and is an attack on rural America.”
Congress and the administration made those cuts partly because farmers concluded that the companies and crop insurance agents were making a lot of money as commodity prices went up and crop insurance premiums and commissions followed.
National Corn Growers Association President Bart Schot’s statement was an indication that farmers still are more concerned about cuts to premium subsidies than cuts to the companies and agents.
“While NCGA agrees the fiscal challenges before us require even greater efficiency in the delivery of farm safety net programs, we are deeply concerned by proposals that would directly undermine a farmer’s ability to purchase adequate insurance coverage at a time of heightened volatility in commodity markets,” Schott said.
The prospects for the president’s overall proposal and the agriculture cuts are unclear on Capitol Hill. One lobbyist said that the size of the agriculture cuts ultimately may depend on whether the supercommittee decides to trim the deficit by the Obama administration’s proposed $3 trillion, or sticks to the $1.5 trillion, or cannot reach agreement and allows a sequestration program of $1.2 trillion in deficit reduction to take place over 10 years.
If the total amount to be saved is only $1.2 trillion to $1.5 trillion — 40 to 50 percent of the $3 trillion agriculture’s “fair share” would drop to $13 billion to $15 billion, much smaller than the $33 billion the administration has proposed, the lobbyist said. | <urn:uuid:5fc179d0-ab0b-46f9-a082-9a802fb835a4> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.agweek.com/event/article/id/19171/publisher_ID/80/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368699273641/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516101433-00034-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.96412 | 2,506 | 1.695313 | 2 |
Refentse Project ("Resilience in the face of adversity"): Post Rape Care
Refentse uses an integrated, nurse-driven delivery model of post-rape care that includes the following services: post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP), pregnancy testing, emergency contraception, sexually transmitted infection (STI) treatment, and voluntary counseling and testing (VCT). Refentse integrates clinicians, social workers, police officers, and representatives from the local prosecutor's office to strengthen relationships between the health and criminal justice sectors, and provide comprehensive post-rape care that goes beyond simply providing PEP. Referrals may be initiated at the health facility level to assist patients with police reports if desired. In addition, social workers are made available at the police station to counsel and refer patients to the hospital. The local prosecutor's office provides advice on legal matters.
A study using a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods was conducted from March 2003 to September 2007 to test the effectiveness of this post-rape care model, in Bohlabela District, rural Mpumalanga province, South Africa. It was based at Tintswalo Hospital, Acornhoek, a 450-bed district hospital that functions as a referral site for post-rape care.
- To create a referral system for sexual violence between the criminal justice system and the health care sector.
- To assess the referral system and its impact on improving the use of post-rape services, such as post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) and voluntary counseling and testing (VCT).
- To determine the services women currently use, the services women want and value, and to identify gaps in service provision for domestic violence.
- Post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP): Pregnancy testing
- Voluntary counseling and testing (VCT): Emergency contraception
- Sexually transmitted infection (STI) treatment: Legal and counseling services
- A community awareness campaign: A designated examining room for post-rape survivors
- HIV counseling and testing increased from 60% to 87%
- Drugs given for preventing sexually transmitted infections increased from 88%to 92%
- Completion of the 28 day course of PEP drugs increased from 20% to 58%
- The number of post-rape survivors seeking care increased from 8 to 13 per month
- A designated room for examination of post-rape survivors can help to coordinate care, increase privacy and decrease the time the patient spends at the health facility training in post-rape care.
- HIV counseling and testing services should be available 24 hours a day to serve rape survivors who present to the facility after service hours.
- A treatment protocol can systematize services, especially since many clinicians do not receive training in post-rape care.
- Because patients in rural settings have difficulties returning to the hospital, treatment and diagnostic procedures should be completed at the first visit whenever possible.
- Nurses can play an integral role in post-rape care, especially where doctors are scarce.
- School of Public Health
- University of the Witwatersrand
- The Population Council Frontiers in Reproductive Health Program | <urn:uuid:edc15aa2-69e8-4c2f-b4df-a52d4cd00267> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.aidstar-one.com/promising_practices_database/g3ps/refentse_project_resilience_face_adversity_post_rape_care | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368702448584/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516110728-00021-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.917626 | 642 | 2.171875 | 2 |
You are currently browsing the monthly archive for August 2011.
We all know that men and women are different.
One of the significant differences is what they need to hear to help them feel secure and valued in their relationships.
In his book, “WEIRD: Because Normal isn’t Working,” Craig Groeschel identifies this difference and outlines how husbands and wives can effectively encourage and build up their spouses.
In the interests of being gentlemanly, let’s start with ladies first.
In the 2011 Track and Field World Championships, there was a runner from South Africa who qualified for the semi-finals of the 400 metres by finishing third in his heat.
He then went on to qualify for the semi-finals of the 2012 London Olympics.
This doesn’t seem like such a great achievement until you learn that Oscar Pistorius had both of his legs amputated below the knee when he was a baby.
As a result, he runs with prosthetic “blades” that are attached to his legs, enabling him to run. His training and dedication has given him the capacity to compete with the best able-bodied athletes in the world.
When I first heard about this, I couldn’t help but be inspired.
Steve Jobs, the iconic CEO of Apple has sadly passed away after recently announcing that he was stepping down from his role.
During his time at the helm of Apple, he turned them into an incredibly successful brand with ubiquitous products like the iPod, iPhone, iPad and the range of Mac computers. Apple is now synonymous with cool and this is largely due to Steve’s leadership and vision.
How can Steve Jobs’ story inspire us today:
I’ve seen this story a few times over the past week and wanted to share it with you.
An old Cherokee took his grandson aside and told him, “My son, there’s a battle between two wolves inside us all. One represents anger, jealousy, greed, resentment, inferiority, dishonesty and selfishness. The other one represents joy, peace, love, hope, humility, kindness, compassion and truth.”
The boy gave this some thought and eventually asked, “Which one wins?”
“The one you feed.” responded the wise old Cherokee.
It’s one of the great proverbs of the Bible, “As iron sharpens iron, so one man sharpens another.” Proverbs 27:17
It describes the need to have people in our lives who make us better, who encourage us, mentor us and challenge our perspectives. The need to have people who teach us, lead us and positively influence us.
As I pondered this principle this week a few thoughts came to mind:
I came across this great technique for testing your mental strength a few weeks ago. It comes from Dr. Rob Bell (the sports psychologist, not the well-known pastor).
The challenge is simply to stand under a cold shower for 30 seconds.
Sounds easy doesn’t it?
We’re reaching the end of winter here in Melbourne, but I thought that I would give it a try anyway.
There’s pressure in being successful.
There’s stress in leading people, coming up with new ideas, working hard, balancing priorities and making a difference.
Sometimes, we become aware of that pressure and try to avoid it.
Instead of aspiring to be our best, we choose to underachieve.
But there’s stress there as well.
For my recent 40th birthday, my beautiful wife bought me an Amazon Kindle.
For those who don’t know, a Kindle is an ebook reader. It’s part of a range of electronic devices that are rapidly replacing old-school books.
I was first introduced to this device by my boss, Brenda, who has been an advocate for them ever since she got hers a few months ago.
Intrigued, and not sure what else to get for my birthday, I researched the numerous ebook readers on the market and decided upon the Kindle.
A couple of weeks later and I’m rapt with my decision.
Here are 10 reasons why:
Once upon a time, there was a cobbler who was very busy.
He lived in a large village and was the only cobbler in town, so he was responsible for repairing the boots of everybody else.
However, he didn’t have time to repair his own boots.
This wasn’t a problem at first, but over time, his boots began to deteriorate and fall apart.
One of the biggest mistakes that I’ve seen in interviews is when candidates use “we” instead of “I” too often.
For example, “We did this,” rather than, “This was my contribution to the team’s results.”
It can be a challenge sometimes, but whilst it’s nice to spread the credit, you are being assessed on your abilities, not the abilities of the team or organisation that you’ve worked with in the past. | <urn:uuid:344190f0-a5eb-42f8-80fa-f9ba09be4aab> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://betterlifecoachingblog.com/2011/08/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368709037764/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516125717-00015-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.973442 | 1,079 | 1.585938 | 2 |
Uruguay says Yes to Water Sovereignty
referendum result - 60% reject water privatization
On the historical day October 31 st , 62,75% of the Uruguayan people supported the Constitutional Reform in Defense of Water, adding water as a human right to the Constitution and setting the basis for its exclusive public, participative and sustainable management.
This referendum resource was promoted by the National Commission in Defense of Water and Life (CNDAV) . The commission was created in 2002 as an answer to the signing of a Letter of Intent between the Uruguayan government and the International Monetary Fund (IMF), which committed to extend the privatization of potable water and sanitation services to the entire country.
Privatizations started in Maldonado department, firstly with the presence of French multinational company Suez Lyonnese Des Aux followed by Spanish company Aguas de Bilbao.
As in most of water privatizations performed last year, these processes have had negative consequences.
From the social point of view, wide sectors were prevented access to potable water for not being able to afford the cost of the service, which considerably decreased its quality with respect to the services granted by water state company OSE.
The conditions of the service were of such low quality that quality control bodies in that matter recommended not to consume water because it didn't comply with minimum quality standards.
From an economic point of view, the “business” was really bad for the Uruguayan state. Not only did the companies failed to comply with the chronograms provided in the contracts, but they didn't pay what was established as well. Having to file for contractual reconsiderations before the state, which assumed the losses caused in each of the cases.
From an environmental point of view, Aguas de la Costa company (subsidiary of Suez) was responsible for drying Blanca Lagoon, which used to be used as potablilization source. Precisely for this cause, neighbors of Maldonado department filed a law suit against the company for environmental damages.
Water against everything
The victory of the water plebiscite was actually a social one. CNDAV is a wide group of social and political organizations which oppose a merchandising conception of water.
Among their founders are neighbors' organizations, FFOSE (water state company's trade union) and REDES-FOE (Friends of the Earth Uruguay). After its foundation, the commission became greater, including the majority left wing political party (Frente Amplio, winner of October 31st elections) and one nationalist party's sectors.
However, despite its political support, the water plebiscite was secondary within the politic and media agenda. In addition to this, privatizing companies, of water and other sectors (as bottling companies) as well as conservative business sectors (large estate owners, forestal and rice) carried out a strong politic and media lobby against the reform.
During the nine months previous to the campaign, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) started a public debate with the CNDAV, denying any imposition to the Uruguayan government and refusing the responsibility attributed to the content of 2002 Intentions Letter.
The work, which enabled the triumph of the Constitutional Reform , was based on the grassroots, which transmitted the spirit and content of the proposed articles.
The auspicious result of the plebiscite opens the doors for a water policy designed from a vision of this resource as a common good, to be publicly managed on social participation and sustainability criteria.
read about the background | <urn:uuid:feccab9a-7fe0-4dcf-97e3-6cb4d86af51e> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.foei.org/en/what-we-do/water/latest-news/uruguay.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368705195219/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516115315-00029-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.967763 | 731 | 1.96875 | 2 |
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Cape Town - Truant teachers were absent for close to 7.5 million days last year, according to Basic Education Minister Angie Motshekga.
“We have the highest rate of absenteeism in SADC (the Southern African Development Community). We're at 19 days (average per teacher) a year. It's huge. An average of 10 percent nationally,” she told reporters at Parliament on Tuesday.
It is understood that teacher absenteeism in other SADC countries is an average of nine days per teacher per year.
According to the department, there were 392,000 teachers employed at public schools around the country in 2012.
With each teacher, on average, being absent for 19 days last year, the total number of days absent multiplies out to 7 448 000.
Motshekga said there was “great concern” in her department about teacher accountability Ä arriving at school on time, and teaching for the full day.
Her department was looking at introducing an electronic clock-in system to replace manual attendance registers.
Responding to a question, she described the average of 19 days taken off by public school teachers as “pure absenteeism”, but said serious illness had also played a part in the high figure.
“Part of it is the burden of disease, where you find teachers over a period of time have not been to school, but in most instances it's just poor administration.”
This was the reason the department wanted to switch to an electronic clock-in system.
Motshekga said transport problems were also a reason many teachers were late, or absent from work. - Sapa | <urn:uuid:fff1c104-6219-4bbd-aa35-d7689db8bcec> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.iol.co.za/news/south-africa/sa-teachers-set-absentee-record-1.1477280 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368702448584/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516110728-00047-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.981541 | 357 | 1.890625 | 2 |
Alternative to Carbon Fiber for Flexible Composite Lay-ups
Reduce the itch and improve safety in your lab with help of this webinar on the use of Basalt in lay-ups in place of carbon fiber. Basalt braid, made of volcanic rock, is a safe and tough alternative to carbon fiber. It is used in a variety of industries because of its great characteristics. The webinar will discuss the benefit and construction of flexible sockets and AFOs using Basalt
Basalt is a safer, tougher, and less expensive material with more flexibility than carbon.
April 25th OR May 23rd @ 9am MST
1.5 CEU’s will be offered upon completion of test following webinar
OPGA Members NO COST
To register, go to:
Using expensive carbon makes the lab tech sad. | <urn:uuid:fefb8981-3aa5-42e9-80f6-77ae5dc6b7bc> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://coyotedesign.com/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368708766848/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516125246-00046-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.901846 | 172 | 2.296875 | 2 |
by Anton Shilov
08/21/2010 | 01:06 PM
According to a survey conducted by Nokia, battery life is the most important feature of cell phones. Apparently, customers of Nokia, the globe's largest maker of mobile phones, prefer battery life more than design as well as "smart" features of contemporary mobile phones.
Apparently, just under 38% of respondents said that they would be content with the most basic phone, just so long as it kept on working. As some people pointed out in the comments, it does not really matter what their phone can potentially do if it is "run out of juice". The majority of people are prepared to make some compromises for better specifications and features, though. Data-connectivity was the key ‘must-have’, with 25% of the vote. Access to email and the Web at all times, whether through the browser or through apps, is fast-becoming the norm. The days of talking about ‘going online’ will soon be over, because we’ll never be offline.
Around 17% of you would sacrifice battery life for multimedia features. There are not many phones nowadays that don’t do dual-service as a music player, and increasingly, people are using their phones to watch video on the move. Being able to create media, in the form of photos and videos, is another popular requirement.
13% of you would be content with a lower battery rating so long as your device had a large screen – mobile web, gaming and email all require a bigger screen. The least popular answer was size. Not that many people are concerned about carrying around larger devices – an interesting result since it is not long since the most fashionable phones were the smallest ones available. Now it seems that the tide has turned to "big and beautiful".
Let us help to understand your priorities when choosing mobile phones in the poll on front-page! | <urn:uuid:f279e61d-e645-4c9c-9d04-0a1f03d2afde> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.xbitlabs.com/news/mobile/print/20100821130608_Battery_Life_Most_Important_Feature_of_Mobile_Phones_Says_Nokia_s_Poll.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368702448584/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516110728-00023-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.968187 | 394 | 1.882813 | 2 |
The Peopling of British North America: An Introduction
by Bernard Bailyn
Knopf, 177 pp., $16.95
Voyagers to the West: A Passage in the Peopling of America on the Eve of the Revolution
by Bernard Bailyn, with the assistance of Barbara DeWolfe
Knopf, 668 pp., $30.00
By the middle of the eighteenth century the British appeared to be losing control of the American colonies. Too many people were multiplying too rapidly; they were dispersed over territory too vast for its British administrators to comprehend. During the years before independence the men who ran the empire tried desperately to make sense out of this explosive growth. Bernard Bailyn believes that historians of early America face a similar challenge. Their subject, once so clearly defined, has in recent years lost intellectual coherence. A flood of specialized new knowledge has called into question the organizing principles that once served colonial historians—the rise of American democracy or the celebration of material progress, for example—and, as Bailyn reminds us, history without a unifying structure is unintelligible.
Historians of early America have generally chosen to ignore the problem. The last scholar even to attempt to bring order to the period was Charles McLean Andrews, an indefatigable researcher who following his retirement from Yale produced the four-volume Colonial Period of American History (1934–1938). His central theme was the changing relation between the colonies and Great Britain, and he became the leading spokesman for what was known as the Imperial School of colonial history. Andrews dismissed as parochial an earlier generation’s obsession with the evolution of American culture, insisting instead that the colonies must be viewed from the perspective of Whitehall. They were, after all, for almost two centuries part of an expanding English world, linked economically and politically to the mother country by an elaborate institutional structure that broke down only on the eve of revolution.
Though Bailyn finds this Anglo-American perspective congenial, he has no desire to revive the Imperial School, at least not in the form originally advanced by Andrews and his students. A new interpretation of early American history, he realizes, must take into account all that has been written since World War II, a copious literature that has fundamentally changed the way we look at the past. The most impressive new work occurred in social history. Colonial historians, employing sophisticated quantitative methods and borrowing insights from the social sciences, concentrated on the experiences of ordinary men and women, small Chesapeake planters and New England farmers, the urban poor, slaves, indentured servants, and Native Americans.
Because this new history involved such large numbers of people, it had almost by definition to treat its subject in small units. This was a history of little communities, each lovingly and painfully reconstructed, and though it was obvious that these communities fit somehow into a larger Atlantic world, no one seemed inclined to put the pieces of the empire back together, to provide, in other words, a coherent structure for early American history.
Bailyn accepts this challenge. The project he envisions is truly Braudelian in scope, a multivolume work which when complete will provide “a large-scale narrative from the beginning of colonization to the advent of the industrial revolution.” Bailyn’s books will cover two centuries and take him “from …
Now, Voyager April 9, 1987 | <urn:uuid:d2945a0b-3f47-4dc1-ae81-91b19b9c191e> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.nybooks.com/articles/archives/1987/jan/29/new-world-symphony/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368705195219/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516115315-00031-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.950783 | 702 | 2.859375 | 3 |
Inauguration of CBC Television, Montreal, September 1952 (Photothèque de Radio-Canada)
Planning and preparation had taken years. In fact, the seeds of television in Canada had been planted more than a decade earlier.
The first Canadians to see television were attendees of the 1938 Canadian National Exhibition in Toronto. Thousands flocked to see flickering fuzzy images on a tiny black and white screen. It was radio with pictures. Canadians were anxious to see this marvel of communication in every home. But World War Two put a quick stop to any such frivolous thoughts. It wasn't until much later that Canada would get into the television game.
Not that Canadians weren't watching television. After the war came the prosperity of the 50's. People bought televisions and aimed their antennas toward the nearest American city. Canadians could pick up the signals leaking over from American border cities. Some saw this as yet another American cultural offensive. So in 1949, the Canadian government announced that the CBC would be given the task to create an English and French television network. It was to be financed by taxpayers.
The entire operation had to be built from scratch. In early 1952, the CBC began hiring hundreds of producers, directors and technicians. Mornings were spent in the classroom learning TV techniques and theory. Afternoons were spent doing hands-on activities in the new studios.
On September 6, 1952, CBC TV debuted in Montreal on CBFT. At 4 p.m., viewers tuned in and watched the movie Aladdin and his Lamp, followed by a cartoon, and then a French film, a news review and a bilingual variety show.
Two days later, CBC TV debuted in Toronto. Seconds before the cameras went live, a technician removed and cleaned the CBC logo slide. Producer Murray Chercover shouted at the technician, "Don't do that!" and the rattled crew member placed the slide back upside down as the network took to the airwaves. "I can't remember what we did, or if we shot the poor guy responsible," Norman Jewison, then a 25-year-old floor director, later recalled.
Each evening, when CBC television came on the air at 7:15 pm, viewers were greeted by a bald puppet named Uncle Chichimus. Each night Conway came up with a show called Let's See, a preview of the evening's entertainment.
One of the great challenges of the fledgling CBC TV was to compete with established American networks whose signals were creeping across the border.
In Toronto, on the very first day of broadcasting, programmers got a break that instantly gave CBC TV an edge over the Americans. And it came about because of a jail break by a notorious gang of bank robbers.
The Boyd Gang was infamous. They robbed banks, had shoot-outs with the police and had killed an officer. They had already broken out of jail once. They had been re-arrested and put in Toronto's Don Jail. But the day before CBC Television's Toronto debut, the Boyd gang escaped once again.
CBC Television covered the event in detail, following the story for days after the escape.
Eight days later, Edwin Alonzo Boyd was discovered hiding in a barn just north of Toronto. They went back to jail. And CBC Television was on the map.
But what was it like in that TV studio? Imagine, hundreds of technicians, producers, actors all new at their job. I think it's safe to say that nobody really knew quite what they were doing. It was quite chaotic. if you can get any impression of early television in Canada, it's that they were making it up as they went along.
Weatherman Percy Saltzman was on CBC Television in Toronto from the very beginning. He made $10 a night moonlighting for the CBC while keeping his job as a meteorologist at the Dominion Weather Service. He usually arrived at the studio at 6 pm after his day job to do his forecasts. Saltzman immediately understood the visual element of television. He invented the famous "chalk flip" which ended each of his forecasts.
Saltzman also had to figure out how to represent the weather visually. He filled a large map blackboard with lines and symbols. He came up with odd names and stories for weather patterns. Viewers loved it. He was hugely popular, soon appearing on as many as nine TV and radio shows a week.
And now 60 years on, have we fulfilled the dream of those pioneers? Could those early television pioneers have imagined where we are today? A television world of Steven and Chris, Rick Mercer, Don Cherry and the Doodlebops? I wonder what they would think... | <urn:uuid:f795acf3-3900-45b3-9b6e-af371b76b1c5> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.cbc.ca/rewind/sirius/2012/09/06/the-birth-of-television/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368709037764/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516125717-00057-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.986873 | 944 | 2.578125 | 3 |
Uganda Rising www.ugandarising.com
weitere Teile hier http://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLC701EF43BF79A813
Ausschnitt: Colonialism in 10 Minutes: The Scramble For Africa
The scramble for Africa never ended, it was renewed, renamed and redefined by the White supremacist power structure. The exploitation of Africa, its inhabitants, animals, flora and mineral resources has been carefully crafted, designed and implemented by western(White) governments and corporations. The scramble for Africa now includes other nations like China, India and Korea as well as Indonesia. The presence, influence and atrocities of Arabs against Africans can not be neglected in mentioning as well .It must be remembered that Arabs are not indigenous to Africa but are invaders who have material, strategic, military and other vested interests in Africa.
The legacy of slavery and colonialism that Africans were subjected to by Europeans and Arabs has not left Africa, but is heavily entrenched and etched into the African mind state and thus culture of Africans on the continent and in the diaspora. The ghost of slavery and colonialism will haunt Africans until Africans themselves stop believing and trusting foreigners and begin to be self reliant.
All the (Black) Governments of Africa have been co-opted by foreigners and their interests. These co-conspirators of the foreign powers that help oppress, rape and commit genocide against African peoples are the same type of peoples that allowed for slavery and colonialism to occur. A remedy for these types of people must be found.
All religions that are not indigenous to Africans have proved to be pitfalls and hurdles to true African liberation, the chief factor being that it was the oppressors of Africans that instilled these religious, moral, value and belief systems into Africans in order to oppress them in the first place. Oppression and persecution are hard but escapism through religion will not end the oppression, it merely anesthetizes the victim of oppression but the oppression still continues unabated.
The future for Africans at home and in the diaspora is bleak, genocide of Africans in the 21 century will rise to unimaginable levels. It is up to every single African alive to ensure that this does not become a reality. The African masses must fight off all despots and those who betray and compromise the African cause for personal advancement or acceptance by foreigners.
Even in this documentary the language used to describe the horrors and terrorism inflicted upon African people is sanitized and toned down. The western (white) media will not report the real facts or truths but have governmental constraints, agendas and biases.
Ignorance is not bliss, ignorance will get you oppressed, persecuted and killed. Time is running out my fellow Africans, oppression, persecution and genocide of our people will continue until we refuse to tolerant them, remember its liberation or death. | <urn:uuid:2a0ff132-fa16-41db-b102-a8301895fee8> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.erinnerungsforum.net/forum/politik-weltgeschehen/die-farbigen-revolutionen-ngosarab_springanonymouscanvasows/90/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368707435344/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516123035-00074-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.953924 | 582 | 1.804688 | 2 |
by Geoff Larcom, Published March 26, 2010
DETROIT — Students have long discovered the magic that goes into producing America’s Thanksgiving Parade® during Parade Studio tours. Now those tours will be educational, more interactive and, best of all, their teachers will get credit for them.
In partnership with The Parade Company, producers of Detroit’s most cherished holiday traditions, Eastern Michigan University’s College of Education created a new school curriculum for grades PreK-5 with activities to conduct before, during and after a studio trip. All activities are aligned with the Michigan Grade Level Core Expectations, and include references and resources to be used in the classroom. EMU Assistant Professor Brigid Beaubien developed curriculum packets to combine the functionality of learning with the fun of a parade. The packets can now be downloaded at theparade.org.
“We toured the studio and looked at what they did,” Beaubien said. “We created and tied lessons into the curriculum standards. The challenge was narrowing the lessons.”
In addition to learning fun facts about The Parade Company and America’s Thanksgiving Parade®, children can gain valuable lessons in math, English language arts, social studies and science through a variety of floats - from the inventions of Thomas Edison and Louis Latimer on the “Energy Innovators” float to the importance of conservation with the “It’s a Michigan Thing” float.
To introduce teachers to the new curriculum, The Parade Company and EMU will host the Fun in the Classroom Educator Open House 3:30-6:30 p.m. Thursday, April 15, at The Parade Company Studio located at 9500 Mt. Elliott, Studio A in Detroit. It will include raffles, prizes, tours and food. Call 313.923.8368 or e-mail firstname.lastname@example.org to RSVP.
“We are very excited to be a partner with EMU,” said Tony Michaels, president and CEO of The Parade Company. “It’s great to showcase our parade as not only a world-class national parade, but as educational, too.”
Founded in 1984, The Parade Company is a not-for-profit organization governed by the Michigan Thanksgiving Parade Foundation, whose board of directors is comprised of key civic and corporate leaders in the greater Detroit region. Celebrating 83 years, its mission is to create the best family events in metro Detroit. Its staff, board of directors and thousands of parade volunteers work year-round to bring a wide variety of events to the City of Detroit each year, including the Target Fireworks, River Days and America's Thanksgiving Parade®. | <urn:uuid:92d52a34-7c7d-47b8-9a66-d687b7bfbff9> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.emich.edu/univcomm/releases/release.php?id=1269633301 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368701852492/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516105732-00027-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.940285 | 564 | 1.882813 | 2 |
Usually despatched in 2 - 3 working days. (Available now to download.)
Miklós Spányi continues his traversal of the keyboard concertos of Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach, a series which in Gramophone has been called a ‘unique monument to one of the 18th century's most underrated composers’.
Spányi joins forces with the Hungarian period band Concerto Armonico, and together they offer us the first four works in a set of six, the Sei Concerti per il cembalo concertato.
Composed during the early 1770s, the Sei Concerti were among the few concertos that C.P.E. Bach didn’t write specifically for himself to play. Bach’s aim was to make the works appealing to both players and listeners
For these works, Miklós Spányi has chosen to perform the solo part on a harpsichord, a copy of an instrument from 1745 by the Antwerp builder Joannes Daniel Dulcken.
Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach: Keyboard Concerto in F major, Wq. 43/1, H. 471
I. Allegro di molto
Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach: Keyboard Concerto in D major, Wq. 43/2, H. 472
I. Allegro di molto - Andante - Allegro di molto - Andante - Allegro di molto
Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach: Keyboard Concerto in E flat major, Wq. 43/3, H. 473
Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach: Keyboard Concerto in C minor, Wq. 43/4, H. 474
I. Allegro assai
II. Poco adagio
III. Tempo di minuetto
IV. Allegro assai
“Playing a handsome-sounding copy of a mid-18th century Dulcken harpsichord, Spanyi is fastidiously responsive to Bach's chameleon changes of mood.”
“[Spanyi attaches] swell shutters to his instrument (don't worry, it's quite authentic!), thus making possible crescendos and diminuendos...The performances themselves are very good, with neat, crisp fingerwork from Spanyi expertly balanced with one-to-a-part orchestra which is clean and efficient” | <urn:uuid:35bfa0b5-3eaa-4ee2-b292-cee0ae4929b9> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.prestoclassical.co.uk/w/207951 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368699273641/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516101433-00035-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.909944 | 504 | 1.601563 | 2 |
Henry Ford used to say that his customers could order a Model T in any color, so long as it was black. Using similar logic, the federal immigrant-deportation program known as “Secure Communities,” which passed in 2008, gave states the unfettered choice of participating or not participating—unless a state chose not to participate. Then the program became mandatory. Today, we are seeing the terrible repercussions of this lopsided logic.
Secure Communities calls on local officials to provide information on arrestees who might be subject to federal immigration holds, called “detainers.” But on Tuesday, Chicago Mayor Rahm Emanuel supported an ordinance prohibiting local law enforcement from turning over to federal authorities immigrants who had no serious criminal records or outstanding warrants. In doing so he joined a growing list of state and local officials—including the governors of New York and Massachusetts—who are seeking to “opt out” of the program.
Why opt out? After all, on its face, Secure Communities, whose stated aim was to focus removal efforts on serious criminals, seemed like a program anyone could support.
Unfortunately, that mission statement had little to do with reality.
The reality was that the federal government collected information on enormous numbers of foreign-born U.S. residents, many of whom were here legally, and many of whom had not been, and never would be, convicted of a crime.
That’s not the program that the federal government promised. In fact, it’s not the program that Immigration and Customs Enforcement director John Morton seemed to be describing as recently as Tuesday when he testified before a House subcommittee.
Immigrants with no criminal record, who fall into no priority category for removal, should not become “targeted” for deportation simply because they made a right turn without signaling.
But dig down into the details and you find a program in which Homeland Security gets the fingerprints of virtually anyone arrested for anything, however trivial, which the department then screens for possible deportation.
Think I’m exaggerating? In his testimony on Tuesday, Morton discussed a major problem with Secure Communities—namely, that a program advertised as focusing on serious criminals was in fact deporting people who’d done nothing more serious than commit, say, a motor-vehicle offense. Or perhaps I should say “allegedly commit,” because their fingerprints were forwarded to Homeland Security before their motor-vehicle case could even be heard by a judge.
What was Morton’s solution to this problem? He announced a new policy in which, rather than making deportation mandatory for traffic offenses, “ICE will only consider issuing detainers for individuals arrested solely for minor traffic offenses who have not been previously convicted of other crimes and do not fall within any other ICE priority category.”
This policy turns reason on its head. It substitutes an exercise of discretion for what should be an exercise of sanity. Quite simply, immigrants with no criminal record, who fall into no priority category for removal, should not become “targeted” for deportation simply because they made a right turn without signaling.
Unfortunately, even the new and improved Secure Communities does not exempt minor traffic offenders from “targeting” by Homeland Security. That’s why whenever ICE tries to justify the program by citing statistics, the numbers are always inflated by aggregation. For instance, in his testimony on Tuesday, Morton boasted that 94 percent of those deported as a result of Secure Communities were convicted criminals, recent border crossers, or visa overstayers.
Visa overstayers? As in students who forget to get their visas renewed?
When you strip down the aggregated statistics and look at the reality of who gets deported, you learn—as a think tank at Syracuse University recently reported—that only about 14 percent of those deported by ICE actually are charged with criminal conduct. You have to add a lot of minor traffic violators and visa overstayers to inflate that figure to 94 percent.
No wonder that the mayor of Chicago and the governor of New York want out of the program. By casting its net so broadly in search of ever-bigger numbers, Secure Communities is the worst kind of public policy. A relatively small number of dangerous people get deported, while many other law-abiding immigrants live in fear of making that right-hand turn that will brand them, and their families, as high-priority “targets” of immigration authorities.
When I was district attorney, I saw another effect of such reckless immigration policies: too often, immigrants are reluctant to report crimes, or even come to court as witnesses, for fear that any contact with the criminal-justice system would bring them to the notice of immigration officials. The result is that criminals who prey on immigrants—truly evil offenders like human traffickers—know that fear of law enforcement is their great ally.
This is a terrible problem with a simple solution: the federal government should allow states and localities to opt out of Secure Communities. In his remarks on Tuesday, Rahm Emanuel delivered a message to law-abiding immigrants: “We want to welcome you to the city of Chicago.”
That message was a poignant one for me. My paternal grandfather, Henry Morgenthau Sr., and his three younger brothers arrived in New York from Mannheim, Germany, on June 4, 1866, when he was 10 years old. A little more than five years later, he was admitted to the City College of New York. He worked in a law firm to help support his parents and 11 siblings. He attended and graduated from Columbia Law School while teaching immigrants at night in high school. At that time, the doors were wide open for immigrants to obtain an education—the kind of message a lot of our families received in coming to America. It should not today be silenced by the mandatory application of a vastly overzealous law. | <urn:uuid:a90f9fc4-0758-479b-86da-ea9daabae589> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2012/07/13/chicago-mayor-rahm-emanuel-is-latest-to-reject-secure-communities-immigration-law.html?cid=INTERACTIVEONETRADE | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368711005985/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516133005-00010-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.972023 | 1,213 | 1.703125 | 2 |
Mindful Meditation Helps Rheumatoid Arthritis
Adults with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who participated regularly in a 6-month meditation program experienced less emotional distress and a higher quality of well-being than their counterparts who did not meditate, according to a small study published in the October 2007 issue of Arthritis & Rheumatism. This adds to the growing body of evidence that mind-body practices can help people with chronic diseases cope more effectively with the mental, physical and emotional issues that accompany their condition.
Clients with RA are vulnerable to psychological distress in addition to their physical ailments. By conservative estimates, according to this study, the risk of depression is twice as high for those with RA as it is for healthy adults. Investigators from the School of Medicine at the University of Maryland in Baltimore were interested in testing whether a meditation practice for patients with RA would relieve depression, reduce disease activity, lessen stress and improve well-being and mindfulness.
The scientists randomly assigned 63 adults with rheumatoid arthritis to one of two groups—a mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) group or a control group. The former group participated in the 8-week MBSR course developed by Jon Kabat-Zinn, PhD, at the University of Massachusetts Medical School, followed by a 4-month maintenance program. The mindfulness and meditation training included sitting meditation while observing the breath; sitting meditation with a focus on open awareness; contemplative walking; progressive body relaxation; yoga postures modified for arthritis; and an instructional CD. The investigators requested that subjects practice 6 days a week for 45 minutes daily and record the number of minutes spent practicing each day for the first 2 months.
After 2 months and 6 months, participants completed questionnaires that evaluated depression, stress, well-being and mindfulness. A physician exam assessed disease activity. After 2 months, neither group showed any significant differences. After 6 months, however, stress levels were 35% lower in the MBSR group than in those who did not meditate. No changes in disease activity occurred in either group.
The study authors proposed that a mindfulness meditation program could be valuable way of reducing psychological distress and improving well-being in people with RA. Limitations of the study included its small size and lack of an active control group.
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In this course you'll learn goal-focused intervals and over 50 dynamic exercises and drills to create extensive and intensive training formats.
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This continuing education quiz is an in-depth look at plyometric training. Plyometric exercises—jumping, bounding, hopping, arm pushing, and catching and throwing weighted objects such as machine balls—are movements that involve rapid eccentric and concentric muscle actions. | <urn:uuid:cbc85b9c-1154-4b02-9b25-9a6a3a43d875> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.ideafit.com/fitness-library/mindful-meditation-helps-rheumatoid-arthritis-1 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368708142388/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516124222-00050-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.912051 | 886 | 2 | 2 |
Are Humans Giving Animals Cancer?
"Tasmanian Devils are not the friendliest of animals," explains Kathy Belov as she tries to punch a skin sample from the ear of one of the famously ferocious marsupials. (This one is, fortunately, stuffed inside a burlap sack.) Belov, a geneticist at the University of Sydney, studies Devil Facial Tumor Disease, which has killed almost three quarters Tasmania's devil population. The unusual affliction, which rots the animals' faces off and causes them to starve to death, is the unintentional result of contact with humans: Early colonists' efforts to exterminate the creatures worked so well that they are now seriously inbred, making them vulnerable to this contagious cancer, which is spread by biting. Though the Tasmanian Devils' case is unique, conservationists are becoming increasingly concerned about other cancer outbreaks in disparate kinds of wildlife—and what role people played in causing them. Some more examples: | <urn:uuid:4eb65e9e-ad54-4005-b0fb-1b9eed4d1682> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.motherjones.com/blue-marble/2011/04/animals-cancer-tasmanian-devil | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368708142388/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516124222-00031-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.964753 | 195 | 3.28125 | 3 |
|Human Bite & HIV
Mar 2, 2003
Dear Dr. Ryan, I have posted my question almost over 12 times, I did not get any response. This is very serious. A transexual person with HIV+ bite me with his teeth on my thumb on Dec 25/02. My thumb's skin was broken very badly, it was bleeding. I did not see if he had any blood inside his mouth cos it was very dark.I did not have any sex with him. I went to the hospital right after and they gave me INDENVIR, AZT & 3TC for one week, though they told me to take for a month for better result. I stopped taking the medication after a week cos I was having kidney problems and having blood in my urine. Could you please for god sake tell me what are the chances for me to get HIV from the bite when I know that he is HIV+. Please kindly answer my question for god sake.....
| Response from Mr. Kull
It's understandable that you are concerned about this encounter, but I want to start off by saying that your exposure is not a likely route for HIV transmission. People are primarily infected through vaginal and anal sex.
The person who is doing the biting is at more risk for infection than the person being bitten. The person doing the biting may come into contact with infected blood, which is highly infectious, as a result of the activity. The person who is being bitten is likely to come into contact with saliva, which is not known to transmit HIV. So the risk of transmission through being bitten is theoretical only, and highly unlikely.
There is at lest one documented case of HIV transmission occuring through an uninfected person being bitten by an HIV infected person. It was clear that the person doing the biting had their own blood in their mouth. Blood is known to transmit HIV; saliva is not. This case could actually be considered blood-to-blood transmission and not transmission through the biting alone.
The best you can do at this point is get an antibody test three or more months after the exposure, just to be sure. Try not to work up your anxiety by trying to guess whether or not there was blood in his mouth; unless you have reason to believe there was, why not go with the more likely scenario (that there wasn't blood present)?
Sorry I couldn't get to your question sooner--hope this helps!
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New Straits Times
Sunday, 10 October 2010
WEDDINGS are planned years in advance and childbirths pushed back a day or two if possible, all just to work around a date that comes every hundred years.
There are conflicting views on whether doing something important today is going to be any different than any other day.
Although there are those who might disagree, master numerologist Marinah Ng Wai Leng believes it’s best to stay home than risk the dangers that 10.10.10 might bring.
“People will throw tantrums and there is sure to be a lot of aggression today. Hence, it’s very likely that this day could spark off unnecessary arguments among family, friends and even strangers."
“Some will face pressure while others will be forced to overcome obstacles. For instance, a car accident could turn into a very big fight because of raging tempers and harsh words."
“As a couple, things might be more sensitive than usual. For example, if a husband asks his wife to get him a glass of water, the request could be seen as rude and may start a feud. I’ve had couples who asked whether they should get married today but I advised them to find another date."
“Even opening a new shop may be a bad thing. There may also be houses that will burn down because of the strong fire element today. People have to be more careful when handling electrical goods and doing something with fire to avoid mishaps. They should also avoid going to nightclubs and bars because of the electrical items around."
“Overall, it’s not going to be a good day, so it’s best to confine yourself at home,” Ng warns.
But what about the babies who are born today? “If a child is born today, it’s not necessarily a bad thing. The future of the child also depends on good nurturing and upbringing. The time of delivery plays a big role. Just because a child is born today, it does not mean he or she is going to be bad. However, the person might be temperamental and straightforward.” Ng says any random day has the potential to be good or bad for different people.
“If we have low energy, bad things could happen anytime and anywhere. Anything can happen on any given day. But in life, you can avoid and overcome many things if you are a giver. That’s why donating blood and doing charity is important as these can overpower negativity.” Ng suggests that to get through this day, it’s best to wear blue and go swimming.
Feng shui expert Lillian Too believes that although the “triple one” in today’s date is powerful, people need to heed the war nings in the Chinese almanac.
“I have found that 111 is more powerful than 888 or 999. From a feng shui angle, 111 is a very lucky number. However, we must check the Chinese almanac to know whether this date is good or not. The Chinese almanac can tell a lot of things and that’s how we should really look at dates.” So, what does the Chinese almanac say about 10.10.10? Unfortunately, it’s mostly not good.
“Today is a bad day for everyone, except those born in the year of the snake like Prime Minister Datuk Seri Najib Razak.
“People should not travel, move locations or carry out any renovations today. But it’s a good day for cutting hair, seeing the doctor, signing contracts and gambling. It’s also good for those who are born today, ” says Too | <urn:uuid:84e576ff-6e4c-4360-86b6-617aa2700f8f> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://wofs.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=821:101010-good-day-or-bad&catid=22:miscellaneous&Itemid=38 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368708766848/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516125246-00033-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.962751 | 780 | 1.726563 | 2 |
Posts Tagged ‘first amendment’
You probably thought I was joking! I’m dead serious.
Well they have taken the next illogical step, mainly proposing a constitutional amendment to repeal the First Amendment. The amendment is being cosponsored by Donna Edwards (D-MD) and John Conyers (D-MI) among others.
Jammie has the links and the rest of the story. I told you before – these progressive Democrats really hate our country and our constitution. If you live in either of those states – let both Conyers and Edwards know that if they continue to push this thing – you will exercise your right to free speech and let everyone know what they are up to – and then you’ll exercise your right to vote their asses out next time around.
If this gets any traction – we all need to make sure we get on the horn with our representatives and senators and tell them they better not mess with our most fundamental of all rights – those contained in the First Amendment. You appeal the First Amendment and it opens the doors for the government to take over EVERY aspect of our lives.
For those of you who may have forgotten – here is EVERYTHING that is in The First Amendment
Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances.
These idiots are treading in some very dangerous waters here.
UPDATE - I’ve decided to go a little further here for my challenged progressive readers. First – here is the Citizens United SCOTUS Decision (opens up a .pdf). I have read the entire 183 page decision – I suggest you do as well. Justice Steven’s Dissenting Opinion is just as long as The Affirmative Decision. Justice Thomas also has a partial dissenting opinion at the tail end. The decision does not reverse 100 years of decided law. It only reversed one section of the entire BCRA of 2002 – all other prior decisions regarding campaign finance laws is still in place. The assumption that everyone is making is that the First Amendment applies ONLY to individuals. Read it again – “Congress shall make no law…abridging the freedom of speech…” Where exactly does it state that this applies only to individuals? The affirmative decision cites several cases where corporate speech has been protected – and – in all of the opinions of those cases – it was only suggested that such speech be carefully monitored – but at no time did it ever say it should be banned or abridged. The BCRA of 2002 did just that – it banned free speech.
As one reader pointed out – what Edwards and Conyers introduced is an Amendment – not a call for a complete repeal of the First Amendment – here is the wording of the introduced Amendment:
‘‘SECTION 1. The sovereign right of the people to govern being essential to a free democracy, Congress and the States may regulate the expenditure of funds for political speech by any corporation, limited liability company, or other corporate entity.
‘‘SECTION 2. Nothing contained in this Article shall be construed to abridge the freedom of the press.’’
Here are the VERY clear dangers of this Amendment:
1. It does indeed repeal the First Amendment except for the freedom of the press by omission of the remaining First Amendment language. It will be argued as such if this amendment ever gets ratified by the states. If you have ever read previous arguments and decisions coming out of the SCOTUS regarding challenges to any of the amendments – you know what I’m talking about. Omissions are just as important in law interpretation as are submissions.
2. Section 1 allows congress to pick and choose which corporations they want to ban from political speech. The use of “may” is exclusive. For this to be all inclusive of all corporations, LLCs or other corporate entities it NEEDS to say “shall.”
3. This Amendment will be struck down as well because SCOTUS just said Congress cannot pass such a law in the Citizen’s United decision.
4. The Main Stream Media is corporate owned today. At the time the First Amendment was written – it was unheard of or unthinkable that the “press” would become corporate entities. SCOTUS already protected Corporate speech. By specifically stating the corporate owned press is excluded from this amendment – it gives the corporate owned press the ability to become the conduit for those who Congress decides to exclude using section 1. The point I make here is for you liberals and progressives who aren’t thinking this through is this… I know how much you hate Fox. Here is the scenario – Citizen’s United produces a movie called “Obama” this time and gets banned again because of section 1. Now – because of section 2 – Fox news can air the Obama movie because they believe it is newsworthy and worth reporting. They can hide behind freedom of the press. Conversely, MoveOn.org creates a flyer critical of the next GOP candidate. They can’t publish it and distribute it before the election because of section 1. Well, the New York Times decides it is newsworthy and publishes it as an editorial piece. They too are protected because Section 2 excludes them and allows the publication to be protected under the freedom of the press clause.
Wonderful news – someone in SCOTUS decided to grow a pair and actually defend the constitution. That bastardized legislation known as the McCain-Feingold Act that restricted freedom of political speech has been struck down as unconstitutional!
Of course – Gestapo P-BO – the idiot that he is – came out strong against the decision.
With its ruling today, the Supreme Court has given a green light to a new stampede of special interest money in our politics. It is a major victory for big oil, Wall Street banks, health insurance companies and the other powerful interests that marshal their power every day in Washington to drown out the voices of everyday Americans. … We are going to talk with bipartisan congressional leaders to develop a forceful response to this decision.
Despite what P-BO and the rest of the liberal Dems have been saying – the fact remains that taxpayer funded abortions are covered under this monstrosity.
Before I get in to some of the details – I will put it on record that I am anti-abortion – as if some of you hadn’t already figured that out. I believe that all life is sacred – and especially the unborn that don’t have a voice.
HOWEVER – it is not my responsibility to tell another individual they can’t have an abortion. My anti-abortion position comes from my religious and moral belief. To me, abortion is outright murder. Unfortunately, the SCOTUS has legalized this form of murder. But, God is the real judge. Those who have abortions and kill their unborn children will have to confront Him one day to plea their case.
Having said that – let’s move on – from the link above:
A look at key issues in the health care debate:
THE ISSUE: Would new health care legislation allow abortions to be funded with tax money?
THE POLITICS: Abortion opponents say proposed government-sponsored health insurance plans would change federal policy by paying for abortions in many cases. For years, a restriction in the law that governs Medicaid — health insurance for the poor — has barred federal funding of abortions except in cases of rape, incest and danger to the mother’s life. The proposed legislation would permit government-sponsored health plans, open to non-Medicaid patients, to cover abortions. In seeking a political compromise, a House version would require publicly sponsored plans to pay for abortions with private funds from customers’ premiums, not tax dollars. Critics call the requirement meaningless. They say public and private sources of insurance funding would essentially go into, and come out of, one big pot.
WHAT IT MEANS: Women with private insurance plans that cover abortion might be able to switch to a less-expensive public plan without losing that coverage. Anti-abortion activists would feel they’ve lost an important battle, as taxpayer funds mingle with some insurance plans that, one way or another, pay for abortions.
So – here’s the deal-i-o, this bill has no way of keeping private money from taxpayer money – as stated above – ergo – we taxpayers will be funding abortions. For the 92% of us in this country that are religious – regardless of religious belief – we have a first amendment right to our belief. I know that Islam, Christianity, Hinduism, Buddhism, and Judaism all believe that abortion is immoral (I can’t say for the others, however, these alone represent a little more than 80% of the population – full breakdown is here). As such, it would be a violation of our first amendment rights for our taxpayer dollars to fund these abortions.
I said earlier that it is not my place to tell someone they can’t have an abortion. However, when MY tax dollars may potentially be funding those abortions – HELL YES I have a right and it is my place to tell you HELL NO you can’t have that abortion. You made the mistake – you either pay for it yourself or you have the child. I won’t pay for it.
Before you libbers jump all over me for that last statement – let’s look at the statistics – of the approximately 1.5 million abortions performed annually in the United States – only 7.2% of those are due to risk to maternal health (2.8%); risk to fetal health (3.3%), or other (includes incest and rape – 2.1%). The remaining 92.8% are mistakes and the woman is using abortion as a form of birth control:
Wants to postpone childbearing: 25.5% Wants no (more) children: 7.9% Cannot afford a baby: 21.3% Having a child will disrupt education or job: 10.8% Has relationship problem or partner does not want pregnancy: 14.1% Too young; parent(s) or other(s) object to pregnancy: 12.2%
I’m sorry – but these are not legitimate excuses for having an abortion. In every one of those cases those babies could have been put up for adoption to other families that so frightfully want children but are unable to. Abortions are selfish – and – I’m not going to pay for it. These provisions need to be stripped from any bill that even attempts to reform our health care system. | <urn:uuid:df6dc388-0a7a-4a93-b553-1a686db0509e> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://thebobofiles.com/?tag=first-amendment | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368708142388/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516124222-00005-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.956378 | 2,204 | 1.664063 | 2 |
New census data shows that Alabama has grown more slowly than the rest of the nation over the last two years.
Alabama's population grew by just 0.8 percent from July 1, 2000 to July 1, 2002, while the nation grew by 2.2 percent over that period. That's according to the figures released last week.
State economists say the state's slow growth rate likely is due to poor economic conditions.
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Sell almost anything locally. | <urn:uuid:b5bb8d19-f300-4cde-92b4-ef8dbd214224> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.wtvy.com/news/headlines/310246.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368706499548/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516121459-00011-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.950281 | 139 | 1.875 | 2 |
Educators discuss class size impact with State superintendent
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WINSTON-SALEM — The State Superintendent of Public Instruction met with teachers and parents in Winston-Salem on Monday to talk about classroom overcrowding.
The meeting was part of June Atkinson's statewide Class size matters tour. Educators discussed how budget issues can strain the relationships they have with their students.
"Parents like smaller classes, why? Because they know their children have a much better chance of getting the individual attention when a child is struggling with reading or a child doesn't understand," said Atkinson.
The high school graduation rate is the highest in state history at 77.9 percent. Atkinson says to help keep that number high, class size needs to be lower.
"Our classes are much more diverse as far as needs of our children and so consequently some of those needs may go unmet when you have to too many people in the class," said Atkinson.
The 2010 census shows North Carolina is ranked 45th in the nation for public school funding. High school teacher Cristofer Wiley said many teachers are constantly doing more with less which can affect the quality of education students receive.
"You don't get the opportunity to really know those students and know their lives," said Wiley. "You know they don't turn in their homework but you may not know that there's not a quiet place at home, that a family member is in the hospital."
For some teachers, it is important to build long-lasting relationships with their students.
"It's kind of a stewardship to make sure that you take care of that responsibility. It's a very real thing, we're not just passing the time and watching the clock tick," said Wiley.
Atkinson faces John Tedesco in the November election. Tedesco said students need more time with teachers and it is important to hire quality educators who can meet those needs. | <urn:uuid:8ddddd87-a626-4cb3-9e83-e8c7065552ea> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://triad.news14.com/content/school_news/661578/educators-discuss-class-size-impact-with-state-superintendent?ap=1&MP4 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368709037764/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516125717-00070-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.97751 | 415 | 2.140625 | 2 |
The UK was a different country seven years ago when London was selected as host city for the 2012 Olympics and Paralympics.
It is not surprising that, having gone back into recession following the banking crisis of 2008, attitudes to the Olympics have run the gamut from initial elation through cynicism at the promised benefits, despair at the G4S shambles to one of growing anticipation.
It is now clear, for example, that the threat of strike action on Thursday, the day before the opening ceremony, by UK Border Agency staff has put the PCS union on the wrong side of public opinion. The most commonly expressed view is that, however legitimate their concerns, this is not the time for a strike by the first British officials visitors meet when they arrive in the country. That seems to have been realised by the union's general secretary Mark Serwotka, who said yesterday that they are prepared to go to Acas and there is still time to avert a strike.
In the current economic climate, it is right that concerns about the £9 billion cost of the games are aired. David Cameron has put the economic benefit from staging the games in London at £13bn. That includes the immediate spending by visitors during the Olympics and Paralympics and contracts gained through international business meetings held in London. Some of this will be spin-off from Olympics-related contracts for which the games will act as a showcase but Government ministers and British companies are also gearing up for a "schmoozathon" effort to clinch international deals.
It is natural that Scots feel they will gain little or nothing from their contribution to the billions poured into the London games but Alex Salmond and Scottish ministers will rightly host events to promote Scottish business, increase exports and secure investment in Scotland.
How many initiatives begun or deals sealed in these circumstances would have happened anyway is impossible to know but the world's attention will be focused on Britain over the next few weeks and that provides an opportunity to promote Scotland, which, despite the return to recession, has world-class products ranging from food and drink to engineering and medical research. There is also considerable potential for additional tourism when Glasgow hosts the Commonwealth Games in 2014.
It is essential that Scotland assimilates the lessons of the glitches in the run-up to London 2012. There can be no excuse now for not ensuring the security operation recruits adequate numbers of people and trains them in good time or that the process of getting tickets is simpler. The high cost of holding international sporting events on this scale is justified by the legacy of high grade facilities for the host city. It has not always been achieved: Athens has seen little benefit but Atlanta provides a model for regeneration through new sporting facilities and a much-used large park. In London the new housing, business facilities and transport links are intended to attract people and jobs to a run-down area and that is the plan for Glasgow's east end, which already has new facilities, such as the Sir Chris Hoy velodrome.
Despite the debacle over security and the heavy-handed policing of sponsors' rights, the Olympic torch has been cheered round the British Isles by tens of thousands acknowledging the many ordinary people nominated for service to the community who have played their part in carrying the flame. In that Olympic spirit we can all look forward to Friday's opening ceremony and a festival of sporting achievement.
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Moderation is undertaken full-time 9am-6pm on weekdays, and on a part-time basis outwith those hours. Please be patient if your posts are not approved instantly. | <urn:uuid:b8f6a210-032c-417c-9921-88066ef051e7> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.heraldscotland.com/comment/herald-view/a-showcase-for-homegrown-talent.18224703 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368702448584/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516110728-00015-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.9663 | 792 | 1.828125 | 2 |
The Bethlehem Area School District has used up the four weather-emergency days built into the current school year calendar.
The state of Pennsylvania requires schools to be in session for 180 days unless a waiver is given by the governor.
At this point, Bethlehem Superintendent Joseph Roy said the district can still meet the 180-day requirement without extending the school year or eliminating other days off. But that could change if there are more days off needed for weather or emergencies.
"Our school district calendar lists four days as make-up days, if needed. Those days are: February 18th, March 28th, April 1st and June 6th," Roy said in an e-newsletter.
"If we must use more than the four designated make-up days, our practice is to add days beyond June 6th," he said. | <urn:uuid:d460bb22-f996-4db7-bac1-dbd2190c8857> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://blogs.mcall.com/valley610/2012/11/bethlehem-area-uses-four-weather-emergency-days-built-into-school-calendar.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368704132298/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516113532-00073-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.974421 | 170 | 1.679688 | 2 |
Posted: August 30, 2007, 12:00 a.m. PST
You’ve probably heard the expression, “You are what you eat.”
But perhaps just as important is the quality of water that is consumed. Water — clean, fresh and in ample supplies — is essential to nearly every process of your pet bird’s body.
“Water is probably the most important overlooked nutrient of any animal,” said Julie Burge, DVM, a private practice veterinarian in Missouri. “A bird can live a lot longer without food than it can without water.”
Provide your pet bird with fresh, clean water every day.
Approximately 75 percent of a bird’s body is made up of water. Each day, an adult bird needs to drink enough water to make up 5 percent of its body weight to replace the water lost from waste removal, respiration and evaporation.
Water performs a number of important functions. “The normal physiological processes that go on need water to occur,” explained North Carolina veterinarian Gregory Burkett, DVM. “The insides of cells are water, so if a bird doesn’t drink enough water, then the water that’s inside of those cells leaches out because the body needs to use it, and then the cells dry up like raisins and die.”
Water is also needed to flush out the parrot's body, remove excess minerals and other wastes, to transport nutrients throughout the body and to help regulate body temperature. Without enough water, the blood volume will drop and the kidneys, liver and heart will not function as efficiently as they should.
Clean Water Is Important
But for pet birds in particular, often the bigger issue is not so much being provided with enough water as it is making sure they have clean water. (Most pet owners make sure there’s water in the cage.) An owner may get busy and forget to change the bird’s water dishes in a couple days. Meanwhile the bird may have defecated in the water, taken a bath in it, shredded newspaper from the bottom of the cage and put that in the water, rinsed its beak in the bowl after eating, dunked pellets or crackers in the water to soften them, or perhaps a fly flew into the water dish and is now floating on top.
Any of the above-mentioned “debris” in a pet bird’s water dish can create an ideal breeding ground for bacteria. “Bacteria love to grow in filthy water,” Burge said. “Most birds will defecate or dunk food in their water dish. These organic materials feed the bacteria and cause them to grow even faster.”
Bacterial growth is measured in doubling time — the time it takes for bacteria to double in number. According to Burkett, doubling time for many bacteria is two to three hours. In practical terms, this means if you put a clean water dish in the cage at 8 a.m. and at 9 a.m. the bird takes a drink, any food material that was on its beak — any bacteria — gets in the water. “By noon, whatever amount of bacteria that’s in there has doubled, and that doubles again and doubles again so that by 5 p.m. there’s enough bacteria in there to make any bird sick,” Burkett said.
Probably the most common water-borne bacteria is Pseudomonas. Other types of bacteria, such as E.coli, Klebsiella, Giardia and Salmonella, can also grow in water. Any of these can cause diarrhea or other digestive tract disturbances, as well as more serious infections.
Whether or not a bird becomes ill from ingesting bacteria depends on the quantity that is taken in, noted Brian Speer, DVM, an avian veterinarian in California and co-author of Birds for Dummies (IDG Books, 1999). “We and our birds consume bacteria that could cause disease everyday,” he said. “But the reason it doesn’t make us sick is we’re taking in very limited numbers — we’re only drinking five or 10 organisms. But if we drink contaminated water, we may be drinking five billion organisms, and that probably would be too much for our immune system to handle.”
For instance, a normal amount of Salmonella exposure might be 10 organisms a day — something your parrot’s body can handle. But if Salmonella is proliferating in the water your pet bird drinks, it might take in 10 million organisms in one swig of water, and it would probably come down with a Salmonella infection as a result.
Oftentimes, it’s pretty obvious that your bird’s water dish is dirty: You can see the crud floating on top of the water. But even without any obvious debris, the water may very well be contaminated. The way you can tell, Burge said, is “if you rub your finger on the inside of the water dish and it feels slimy, that means bacteria is growing in there. Or, if you see discolored areas in a plastic dish, that’s probably bacteria as well.”
When providing water to your birds, you have two main options: bowls and crocks or water bottles. “Each of those sources of water — bottles, crocks, bowls, etc., can and do work fine,” Speer said. “Each also has some degree of inherent risks. Inattention on either side can lead to catastrophe.”
Kinds Of Water
In most situations, ordinary tap water is fine. “I don’t think every bird needs to have bottled water imported from France in his cage,” said Florida veterinarian Gregory Harrison, DVM. “If you feel comfortable drinking the water, then it’s probably OK for your bird.”
In most urban areas, the water goes through a treatment facility where bacteria, excess minerals, etc., are filtered out. That water will probably be safe for both you and your birds. On the other hand, if you live way out in the country and are drinking well water, sometimes that’s a problem.
Well water often has an excessive amount of minerals from the ground, and the water may be pretty hard as a result. “Hard water can be potentially harmful, because there can be a lot of iron and other hard minerals in it that can, over a long period of time, affect kidney function,” Burkett said.
The lead in hard water is especially a concern with lories, mynahs and toucans, according to Harrison. “Iron causes hemochromatosis (iron storage disease) in lories, toucans, mynahs. These birds need to be fed a low-iron diet — and they should be provided with water that’s low in iron too,” he said.
If you believe that your water is unacceptable, you might want to buy de-ionized water, filtered water or bottled water for your bird. Or, you could install an in-line water filter system, or have a filter put on your faucet to filter out excess minerals and bacteria.
One other issue relating to your bird’s water has to do with adding vitamin supplements to the water. Vitamin supplements in the water may provide necessary nutrients in the water container for bacterial growth to occur.
“Bacteria need the same nutrients that birds and every other living thing needs. So when you put vitamins in the water to ‘vitamize’ your bird’s nutrition, you do that to the bacteria too, and they grow even faster,” noted Sydney, Australia, veterinarian Fiona Park, BCSC, MACVSC (avian health).
Changing The Water
Whether your birds drink from a bowl or a bottle, veterinarians generally agree that water should be changed daily. “Don’t let the relative convenience of the water bottle give you an excuse to change it less frequently than you would a water dish,” Speer said. “Both water bowls and bottles should be cleaned out daily and refilled with fresh water.”
Even if a bird is using a water bottle — and therefore it’s not defecating in and “making soup” in its water — bacteria is still a concern if you let it go more than a couple days. Water does stagnate. “There’s bacteria everywhere, so it’s going to be in the water,” Burkett said. “But it’s in low enough numbers in fresh water that the bird’s immune system can deal with it. However, if you let the water in the bottle go for more than two or three days, it too can start doubling, and this water can become foul.”
Make it part of your daily routine to clean your bird’s water containers, and refill them with fresh water at a certain time every day. A good time to do it is in the morning before you leave for work. Don’t let yourself get so busy with work, errands, social activities, etc., that you let this important task slide.
Keep in mind, your bird can’t go over to the sink and wash the water bowl itself and get clean water. Your bird is relying on you to do this for it. “When birds live with us,” Park said, “we’re imposing the rules. And so we have the responsibility to provide them with the best care possible — and that includes an adequate supply of clean, healthy water.” | <urn:uuid:02df0ef7-81a5-4198-8717-0435eec6ab59> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.birdchannel.com/bird-diet-and-health/bird-care/birds-and-water-care.aspx | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368700958435/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516104238-00012-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.954639 | 2,047 | 3.203125 | 3 |
‘Real economic recovery won’t happen until Congress invests in building America’
Despite a modest uptick in jobs, the construction industry continued to lag far behind the rest of the economy in February, according to the latest U.S. Department of Labor data. The industry added 33,000 jobs in the previous month, but nearly 1.9 million men and women were still unable to find a job. More than one in five workers – 21.8 percent – were out of work.
Terry O’Sullivan, general president of the Laborers’ International Union of North America (LIUNA), made the following statement:
“It’s good to see the construction industry adding jobs, but the past three years have taught us that small gains can be wiped out as quickly as they appear. The reality is that until Congress invests in our roads, bridges and other pressing transportation needs, lasting recovery in the construction industry will not happen.
“As Congress continues to delay taking action, our highways continue to crumble and more bridges fall into disrepair. Inaction means that contractors aren’t hiring or buying equipment and, most importantly, it means that nearly 2 million men and women don’t know how they’ll pay for their groceries, their mortgage, or their medical bills.
“By failing to act, Congress is holding back our economy, our country’s global competitiveness and our working families. It’s time to get moving on legislation that will create millions of good jobs, ensure that our economy continues to recover, and leave behind lasting assets for taxpayers and future generations.”
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2012-07-12 John Hanger: The Truth About Gas Drilling & America’s Energy Choices – Webinar
July 12, 2012 (Thu) – 7:00 pm
Marcellus Drilling News – First Public Webinar, featuring former PA DEP Secretary John Hanger
How does natural gas in general, and shale gas in particular, stack up against America’s other major energy choices? Is fracking safe? Does fracking pollute groundwater? Do renewable energy sources stand a chance against fossil fuels? And just how much longer will the U.S. be dependent on fossil fuels?
Get the straight answers from John Hanger, former Secretary of the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection (DEP) from 2008 to 2011. John guided the DEP during some of the fastest growth in drilling PA has ever seen — because of the Marcellus Shale.
Prior to the DEP, John was Commissioner of the Pennsylvania Public Utility Commission. He is an expert on energy, the environment, green economy, electricity markets and utility regulation. He’s testified before Congress and state legislatures and has been interviewed countless times, appearing on major news networks including CBS, NBC, CNN, BBC, CBC and more.
John is a straight talker and will tell you the true facts about shale gas. He’ll even tell you about his love of alternative energy sources!
John will present first, followed by a question and answer period. Don’t miss this opportunity to ask a leading energy expert about the burning question on your mind.
Sign up below to attend. Only the first 500 to sign up and show up may attend, so don’t delay! | <urn:uuid:75ce9c0d-2f75-4cb1-acba-cc8b8e37924d> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://marcellusdrilling.com/2012/07/2012-07-12-john-hanger-the-truth-about-gas-drilling-americas-energy-choices-webinar/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368696381249/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516092621-00045-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.923243 | 345 | 1.734375 | 2 |
Written by Jason Gots in collaboration with Sevrin Anne Mason and Andy Schneeflock
Performed by Sevrin Anne Mason and Andy Schneeflock
Annie Varsseminn: A 30-something freelancer (among other things, she sells cute, crocheted monsters on Etsy) who is on Wall Street to perform a “positive intervention” on Facebook IPO day.
Dylan Faschenko: A 30 - something employee of Goldman Sachs.
Annie is holding a "positive intervention" on Facebook IPO Day
- She's on Wall Street, handing out Facebook 'like' icons on card stock
- Signs behind her read: "Friendship: A Better Social Network" and "Valued at: Priceless"
- She hands out 3 or 4 of them to passersby, saying things like "I like your tie!" - last one to Dylan
- Dylan watches, a wry smile on his face
- She holds up a scrabble board: "words with friends anyone?"
Dylan: Can I ask what you’re doing? What is this?
Annie: I'm taking this historic moment of the multbillion dollar Facebook IPO to make a point about where we are and where we're headed.
Dylan: Ah. And where ARE we? Where are we headed?
Annie: (Steps forward and onto stepstool for monologue – her statement of worldview)
We're buried in our smartphones. We're so busy texting and "liking" each other we've forgotten what friendship means.
(Dylan starts texting)
Facebook promotes narcissism. Status competition. How many friends do I have? How many likes did I get today?
Meanwhile we're getting crueler and colder toward one another. Kids are committing Real world suicide because of online bullying!
(She notices Dylan texting)
This is exactly what I'm talking about!
Dylan: Oh. Sorry. I just made 40,000 dollars.
Annie: Okay, Maybe you don't care about the human cost?
Let's talk about the bottom line.
(to audience) 95 billion dollars to Facebook and a handful of investors. How many jobs does it create? How does it reward all the energy people are putting into sharing their lives online? what does it produce? It's not even a real product!
Dylan: (furious) What does it produce? a hundred billion dollars in value! At a moment when the economy is flailing to get back on its feet. Do you have any idea what a hundred billion dollars means? It’s the GDP of Sudan! It means real change in the real world! Support for fledgling startups that will change our lives in ways we can barely imagine! New educational initiatives! Mark Zuckerberg just gave 100 milliion dollars to the Newark public school system. Tell me - what is it that YOU produce? Paper likes?
You produce nothing! And if you produce nothing – as far as I’m concerned – youare nothing.
Annie (almost crying): How dare you? You don't know me. You don't know anything about me!
Dylan: You know what? You're right. That was cruel. What is your name?
Annie: Annie Varsseminn.
Dylan: (playing nice, for real) Nice to meet you, Annie Varsseminn. What do you do?
Annie: (a bit defensive) Lots of things.
Dylan: Okay. What's one of them?
Annie: I crochet cute little monsters and sell them on Etsy. People seem to like them.
Dylan: That's very nice.... in 1700! In 2012 we have machines that can knit 100,000 little monsters in the time it takes you to produce one, and at a fraction of the cost so that little impoverished kids all over the world can enjoy them, instead of just a few trust fund hipsters in Oregon in hiding from the world of grownups!
And that's old news. We're way beyond that now. Facebook, which you want to dismantle, is able to organize micro financing charitable campaigns that can enable tens of thousands of people to come together and eliminate the poverty of entire communities at the click of a button!
It's called Progress! And it scares the hell out of you! You'd rather have us living in caves than face up to the responsibility of our human potential!
I have a Klout score of 45. And rising! That number is a real time measurement of the difference I make in the world. Do you even know what your Klout score is?
(to audience) What's your guess? What do you think her Klout score is? 20? Fifty bucks says it's 20! Any takers?
Dylan (to Annie): Annie Vasseminn... with an I?
Annie: There’s a silent R. V-A-R-S-S-E-M-I-N-N
Dylan: Okay... here's the moment of truth, Annie Varsseminn Here we go, everybody – Annie Varsseminn’s Klout score is...(triumphantly) 78!
(in denial) 78??
How is that even possible??
Annie: 78? (to audience) that's really high, right? Like Beyonce high? Woo HOO! 78! I have a Klout score of 78!!
Dylan:... I missed my daughter's spring pageant, live-tweeting the premiere of The Social Network just to raise my score a measly two points!
78?? Even Warren Buffett doesn't have a 78!!
Annie: Who's Warren Buffett?
Andy: (horrorstruck) AAARGH!!
(he sinks to his knees, a broken man)
Annie: Hey... are you all right? (embraces him) It's ok! These numbers don't mean anything! Some company makes up some dumb algorithm.... it's all about selling your data to advertisers...
Andy: (inconsolable, muttering to himself) ZuckerbergZuckerbergZuckerbergZuckerberg....
Annie: (a bit panicked, desperate) Hey-- hey! I'll tell you what! What if I "like" your posts or whatever on Facebook? Would that raise your Kraut score?
Dylan: (fragile, but seeing a ray of hope, slowly rising to his feet) KLOUT score... yes... YES! I think it would!
But you're not on Facebook.
Annie: ( who has been typing in her phone) Of course I’m on Facebook. Everyone's on Facebook. I'm liking your posts. Like! Like!
Dylan: (brightening) My score just went up a point!
Annie: See? See? I'm liking more of them!
Dylan: Hey... you know what? I misjudged you Annie Varsseminn. With a score like 78 you’re obviously doing something right! I'd love to pick your brain about social media strategy. Can I buy you a cup of coffee?
Annie: (delighted with the human connection a cup of coffee implies, and this opportunity to perform a compassionate act) I'd love that!
(they walk off, Annie still looking at Dylan's Facebook page on her phone .) Oh! You're into soccer! I'm a Manchester fan myself.... | <urn:uuid:74faaa4c-e81b-422d-8957-9ed33522f6b7> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://bigthink.com/videos/initial-public-offering-3-cameras-nil-big-thinks-wall-street-theater-of-ideas | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368698207393/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516095647-00025-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.925915 | 1,566 | 1.601563 | 2 |
When one takes the handy deduction of federal income taxes off of one’s state tax return, it makes a difference in the check that one writes to the Louisiana Department of Revenue.
And that’s going to be a bigger difference early next year, as it is almost inevitable that federal taxes go up to avoid a “fiscal cliff” that is a focus of concern in Washington.
But Louisiana’s little cliff will follow, as the state’s future tax revenue declines as federal taxes paid increases — and thus that deduction from taxable income on state forms increases.
Chief economist Greg Albrecht, of the Legislative Fiscal Office, and Jim Richardson, an LSU professor and member of the state’s Revenue Estimating Conference, briefed the Press Club of Baton Rouge on the little cliff.
Albrecht said that his back-of-the-envelope calculation is that — if the tax and budget cuts proposed by President Barack Obama become law — the impact on the state would be around $120 million. That’s not certain to happen, but facing deadlines for even more severe tax increases, Congress is likely to do something.
The little cliff starts affecting state revenue in spring 2014 — and that’s in addition to the chronic shortfalls and rounds of midyear budget cuts required by the chaotic mess that the state budget has fallen into under Gov. Bobby Jindal.
Worse, the little cliff cuts into income tax, one of the state’s more stable sources of revenue. Swings in sales taxes, which make up about a quarter of state tax income, and unpredictable rises or declines in corporate tax collections have made Louisiana a case study in how not to organize public finance.
The landmark 2002 tax reform known as the Stelly Plan was intended to address some of those stability issues in state finance, but Jindal and lawmakers in 2008 foolishly threw away its benefits by cutting state income taxes during an all-too-brief period of high state revenue after the storms of 2005 and 2008.
Other tax cuts and a profligate series of corporate tax breaks have only made the state’s budget situation worse.
Things have been a mess since, and the little cliff will only make it worse.
Copyright © 2011, Capital City Press LLC • 7290 Bluebonnet Blvd., Baton Rouge, LA 70810 • All Rights Reserved | <urn:uuid:b87a7a32-5ca0-4b03-ada8-fb79b143abea> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://theadvocate.com/csp/mediapool/sites/Advocate/assets/templates/FullStoryPrint.csp?cid=4714012&preview=y | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368704392896/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516113952-00048-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.949394 | 488 | 1.90625 | 2 |
Port Newark-Elizabeth Marine Terminal
- Not to be confused with Port Elizabeth, New Jersey
Port Newark-Elizabeth Marine Terminal is a major component of the Port of New York and New Jersey. Located on the Newark Bay it serves as the principal container ship facility for goods entering and leaving New York-Newark metropolitan area, and the northeastern quadrant of North America. It consists of two components – Port Newark and the Elizabeth Marine Terminal (sometimes called "Port Newark" and "Port Elizabeth" respectively) – which exist side-by-side and are run conjointly by the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey. The facility is located within the boundaries of the two cities of Newark and Elizabeth, New Jersey, just east of the New Jersey Turnpike and Newark Liberty International Airport.
The Port is the 22nd-busiest in the world today, but was number one as recently as 1985. It remains the largest container port in the eastern United States and the third-largest in the country.
Container goods typically arrive on container ships through the Narrows and the Kill Van Kull before entering Newark Bay, a shallow body of water that is dredged to accommodate the larger ships (some ships enter Newark Bay via the Arthur Kill). The port facility consists of two main dredged slips and multiple loading cranes. Metal containers are stacked in large arrays visible from the New Jersey Turnpike before being loaded onto rail cars and trucks.
In 2009, the major port operators at Port Newark-Elizabeth included Maher terminals, APM terminal (A. P. Moller-Maersk), and PNCT (Port Newark Container terminal).
Since 1998, the Port has seen a 65 percent increase in traffic. In 2003, the Port moved over $100 billion in goods. In 2006, it handled more than 20% of total U.S. imports from Germany, more than any other U.S. port.
Planned improvements
Plans are underway for billions of dollars in improvements, including larger cranes, bigger railyard facilities, deeper channels, and expanded wharves. New longshoremen are being hired as well.
The height of ships serving the port is limited by the Bayonne Bridge over Kill Van Kull, a limitation that will become more serious when the Panama Canal expansion project opens in 2014, allowing bigger ships to reach the port from Asia. The Port Authority recently announced plans to increase the height of the Bayonne Bridge's roadway to 215 feet, which will solve the problem. The project is expected to cost around $1 billion.
The western edge of Newark Bay was originally shallow tidal wetlands covering approximately 12 square miles (31 km2). In 1910s the City of Newark began excavating an angled shipping channel in the northeastern quadrant of the wetland which formed the basis of Port Newark. Work on the channel and terminal facilities on its north side accelerated during World War I, when the federal government took control of Port Newark. During the war there were close to 25,000 troops stationed at the Newark Bay Shipyard.
The Port Authority of New York and New Jersey was formed in 1921 and the Newark Bay Channels were authorized by the Rivers and Harbors Acts in 1922. Shipping operations languished after the war, and in 1927, the City of Newark started construction of Newark Airport (now known as Newark Liberty International Airport) on the northwest quadrant of the wetlands which lay between Port Newark and the edge of the developed city. Port Authority took over the operations of Port Newark and Newark Airport in 1948 and began modernizing and expanding both facilities southward.
The SS Ideal X, considered the first container ship, made her maiden voyage on April 26, 1956 carrying 58 containers from Port Newark to the Port of Houston. Sea-Land Service expanded its operations into the newly developed container terminal.
In 1958, the Port Authority dredged another shipping channel which straightened the course of Bound Brook, the tidal inlet forming the boundary between Newark and Elizabeth. Dredged materials was used to create new upland south of the new Elizabeth Channel, where the Port Authority constructed the Elizabeth Marine Terminal. The first shipping facility to open upon the Elizabeth Channel was the new 90-acre (36 ha) Sea-Land Container Terminal, which was the prototype for virtually every other container terminal constructed thereafter.
The building of the port facility antiquated most of the traditional waterfront port facilities in New York Harbor, leading to a steep decline in such areas as Manhattan, Hoboken, and Brooklyn. The automated nature of the facility requires far fewer workers and does not require the opening of containers before onward shipping.
In 2011 PANYNJ restructured the lease of major tenant, Port Newark Container Terminal (PNCT). The agreement calls for a 20-year extension of PNCT's existing lease through 2050, subject to PNCT's investment of the $500 million and an expansion from 180 to about 287 acres to accommodate the additional volume. It is expected to generate an annual increase in container volume from Mediterranean Shipping Company, the world's second-largest shipping company from 414,000 to 1.1 million containers by 2030. The deepening of the Kill van Kull, the raising of the Bayonne Bridge, and expansion of rail freight facilities are also elements of plans to accommodate anticipated larger volumes.
The facility is considered to be one of the most high-risk terrorist target sites in the United States. Other such sites in New Jersey include the Holland Tunnel and the PATH station at Exchange Place, both of which are in Jersey City, and the Lincoln Tunnel, which connects nearby Weehawken to Manhattan.
Port of New York and New Jersey facilities
Other seaport terminals of the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey include:
- Red Hook Marine Terminal on Upper New York Bay
- Howland Hook Marine Terminal on Arthur Kill at Newark Bay
- Port Jersey Marine Terminal on Upper New York Bay
See also
- List of ports in the United States
- List of North American ports
- List of world's busiest container ports
- Marine life of New York-New Jersey Harbor Estuary
- Gateway Region
- Chemical Coast
- Lipton, Eric (November 22, 2004). "New York Port Hums Again, With Asian Trade". The New York Times. Retrieved 2011-07-20.
- Foreign imports to USA ports, measured in kilograms, from Germany (from 'worldportsource.com'. Accessed 2008-02-14.)
- "Bayonne Bridge Navigational Clearance Program". The Port Authority of New York and New Jersey. Retrieved 16 December 2012.
- "TO MAKE NEWARK BAY A BIG PORT; The Jersey Meadow's Being Transformed Into a Busy Spot, with Docks and Reclaimed Land". The New York Times. 1915-06-27.
- French, Kenneth (February 24, 2002). Images of America:Railroads of Hoboken and Jersey City. Portsmouth, New Hampshire: Arcadia Publishing. pp. 25–29. ISBN 978-0-7385-0966-2. Retrieved November 21, 2009.
- of New York and New Jersey
- "The Port Authority of New York and New Jersey - Press Release".
- Strunsky, Steve (June 17, 2011), "Port Newark terminal lease deal to double volume", The Star-Ledger, retrieved 2011--7-28
- Gibson, Ginger (July 27, 2011), "Expansion of Port Newark Container Terminal will spur job growth, Gov. Christie says", The Star-Ledger, retrieved 2011--7-28
- Pope, Gennarose. (February 5, 2012). "Two most dangerous miles in the U.S.". The Union City Reporter.
- Port Newark in WW2
- Port Authority - Port Newark/Elizabeth Marine Terminal
- Port Newark Container Terminal | <urn:uuid:30497dde-ac68-4217-a3d9-36878f9a4103> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Port_Newark-Elizabeth_Marine_Terminal | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368703682988/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516112802-00024-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.909235 | 1,609 | 2.296875 | 2 |
Labyrinthitis is inflammation of the structures of the inner
It can be caused by a viral or, less commonly, a bacterial
infection. Bacterial labyrinthitis may begin after a middle ear infection. It may lead to a serious infection of the lining of the brain (meningitis).
Symptoms last a few days to a week. They include dizziness and a sensation
of spinning or whirling (vertigo) that may be severe enough to cause nausea or
vomiting. Labyrinthitis may cause hearing loss that is usually
Labyrinthitis usually goes away on its own. Antibiotics
will be prescribed if the cause is a bacterial infection. Other medicines,
such as those that reduce nausea and dizziness, may be needed for symptoms of
How this information was developed to help you make better health decisions. | <urn:uuid:4d922b18-7cd0-4b4a-921b-331ddf83f43d> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.healthlinkbc.ca/kb/content/definition/stl158116.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368710006682/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516131326-00016-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.913825 | 171 | 3.65625 | 4 |
News in Brief: Toxic Chemicals Found in Virtually All Pregnant Woman, Study Shows
Thursday 20 January 2011
by: Mike Ludwig, t r u t h o u t | News in Brief
Toxic Chemicals Found in Virtually All Pregnant Women, Study Shows
A new study published in a federal health journal shows that toxic chemicals can be detected in 99 to 100 percent of pregnant women in America, according to the Environment News Service. Researchers at the University of California, San Francisco, looked for 163 different toxic chemicals in the bodies of 268 pregnant women that represent a national sample of the population and consistently detected chemicals such as pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls, PCBs, perfluorinated compounds, phenols and polybrominated diphenyl ethers. In some cases, the scientists detected DDT, a dangerous pesticide banned since the 1970s. Some of the chemicals are used in common household items like plastics and nonstick cooking pans, but researchers say their compounded presence could threaten the health of the unborn.
Loughner Indicted for Attempted Assassination
A federal grand jury indicted 22-year-old Jared Loughner on three counts today, according to The Washington Post. Loughner is accused of killing six people on January 8 and injuring 13 more in an armed attack on Rep. Gabrielle Giffords (D-Arizona) in Tucson. Loughner was charged with attempting to assassinate Giffords and murdering two of her aides, and prosecutors say more charges will be filed.
House Republicans Plan to Challenge EPA's Carbon Rules
A document obtained by The Hill reveals that House Republicans are planning to challenge the Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) climate change regulations. In the document, Committee on Energy and Commerce Chairman Fred Upton (R-Michigan) outlines an agenda that would challenge the "EPA's regulatory chokehold" of Clean Air Act rules aimed at reducing carbon emissions that cause global warming. "We believe it critical that the Obama administration 'stop' imposing its new global warming regulatory regime, which will undermine economic growth and U.S. competitiveness for no significant benefit," the document says.
First Lady Teams Up With Walmart to Fight Childhood Obesity
First Lady Michelle Obama joined Walmart executives today to launch the Nutrition Charter, the mega-chain's new initiative to sell healthier food at lower prices, according to a White House statement. Walmart plans to lower prices on healthy foods like fruits and vegetables, reformulate packaged food to be healthier and provide consumers with information on healthy food options. First Lady Obama said that the charter would help Americans reach the goals set forth by her Let's Move program to fight childhood obesity.
Jobless Claims Drop, Raising Hopes for 2011
The Labor Department reports that fewer Americans filed unemployment claims during the week ending on January 15 than the first week in January, raising hopes that employers are beginning to hire more people in the new year. The number of Americans who filed for unemployment benefits fell 37,000 to a seasonally adjusted figure of 404,000. About 9.5 million Americans currently receive unemployment benefits.
This work by Truthout is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 United States License. | <urn:uuid:750dffca-5388-4f7d-b2a7-9ecfd6b947eb> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://archive.truthout.org/news-in-brief-toxic-chemicals-found-virtually-all-pregnant-woman-study-shows67010 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368701459211/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516105059-00035-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.928153 | 652 | 1.898438 | 2 |
ASSORTED MARKET MILESTONES FOR LATE 2005
The art-auction market roared into early November with its big sales of Impressionist, modern and contemporary art. In the almost two months since then, the auction houses have stayed busy, holding a dense calendar of sales of Latin American Art, American paintings, antiquities, Old Masters, Russian art and more. Herewith, a few of the notable records.
* A horse-drawn, wheeled wicker picnic hamper, commissioned from Asprey by the Metromedia mogul John W. Kluge so he could entertain friends during hunts on his huge Virginia estate, sold for $144,000, well above its presale high estimate of $30,000, at Christie's New York on Dec. 16, 2005. The sale of the "John W. Kluge Morven Collection," as it was called -- "Morven" being the businessman's $45-million, 7,000-plus acre estate, donated in 2001 to the University of Virginia -- totaled $3,247,782 and was 99 percent sold, with 523 of 526 lots finding buyers.
* The Wildenstein Collection Louis XIV ormolu-mounted and boulle brass-inlaid brown tortoiseshell bureau plat ca. 1710, attributed to André-Charles Boulle, sold for £2,920,000 ($5,180,080) (est. £1,500,000-£3,000,000) at Christie's London, Dec. 14-15, 2005. The buyer was third-generation furniture expert Christopher Payne. The two-day sale of the "Wildenstein Collection of Magnificent French Furniture, Objets d'Art and Tapestries" totaled $38,800,502, with 242 of 302 items, or 80 percent, finding buyers. The funds are earmarked for new facilities for the Wildenstein Institute in Paris.
Though a Wildenstein & Co. spokesman said that there was no connection, the sale of the collection has been linked in press reports to a Paris court decision earlier this year commanding the Wildenstein family -- Alec and Guy Wildenstein, sons of the late art dealer Daniel Wildenstein -- to give a share of the family's estimated $10 billion fortune to Daniel Wildenstein's 71-year-old widow, Sylvia. According to press reports, the French Cour d'Appel found that the Wildenstein sons persuaded the widow to sign away her inheritance after Daniel's death in 2001 by telling her that she would face huge tax bills and a possible criminal investigation. In fact, according to the court, Wildenstein pčre had made provisions for any tax liability.
* The Providence Athenaeum copy of John James Audubon's The Birds of America sold for $5,616,000 (est. $5,000,000-$7,000,000) to an anonymous U.S. collector at Christie's New York on Dec. 15, 2005. Buyers of top lots at the $10.6 million sale of printed books and manuscripts included W. Graham Arader III, who paid $156,000 for an 1849 monograph on hummingbirds, and Seth Kaller Inc., who paid $84,000 for an autograph letter by Thomas Jefferson.
* A 14-inch-tall Egyptian brown limestone statue of Ka-nefer and his family, Old Kingdom, Dynasty V, 2465-2323 B.C., complete with an inscription calling him "Overseer of the Craftsmen, Priest of Ptah," sold for $2,816,000 (est. $1,000,000-$1,500,000), a new record for an antiquity, at Christie's New York on Dec. 9, 2005. The buyer was dealer Michael Ward, who purchased the work for the Kimbell Art Museum in Fort Worth, Tx.
* Bartolomé Esteban Murillo's Christ the Man of Sorrows sold for £2,472,000 ($4,286,448) (est. £500,000 - £700,000), a new auction record for the 17th-century Spanish artist, at Christie's London, Dec. 8, 2005. The buyer was an anonymous British dealer. Christie's evening's auction in London of "Old Master Pictures" totalled £16,554,400 ($28,705,330), with 45 of 53 lots finding buyers, or 85 percent.
Top lot was Peter Paul Rubens' 20-inch-wide oil sketch, Meleager and Atalanta Hunting the Boar, which sold for £3,144,000. Other auction records were set for Naddo Ceccarelli (£1,240,000) and Nicolaes Maes (£792,000). Titian's Portrait of a Lady and her Daughter, which carried a presale estimate of £5,000,000-£8,000,000, went unsold.
* Mary Cassatt's Mother and Two Children (1906) sold for $4,272,000 (est. $3,000,000-$5,000,000), a new auction record for the artist, at Christie's New York on Dec. 1, 2005. The painting was sold by the Fogg Art Museum at Harvard University, which said the picture was rarely exhibited. Other auction records were set for John F. Kensett ($1,248,000) and John Marin ($1,248,000). The sale of "Important American Paintings, Drawings and Sculpture" totaled $31,757,600, with 110 of 147 lots finding buyers, or 75 percent.
* Sotheby's London sale of Russian art on Dec. 1, 2005, totaled £22,243,600 ($38,445,838), with 302 of 417 lots finding buyers, or 72.4 percent. The total is a record for a sale of Russian art. Top lot was Ilya Mashkov's Still Life with Flowers, which sold for £2,136,000, a record for the artist. Mashkov is a founding member of the Moscow-based avant-garde movement Bubnovy Valet, or "Jack of Diamonds"; the buyer was a Russian collector.
* Christie's sales of "Russian Pictures" and "Russian Works of Art" in London on Nov. 30, 2005, totaled £21,941,320 ($37,695,186), a record for the two combined categories. Approximately 30 percent of the buyers were from Russia, and new auction records were set for 19 artists. Top lot was Boris Mikhailovich Kustodiev's Odalisque (1919), which sold for a record £1,688,000 (est. £180,000-£220,000). Records were also set for Konstantin Andreevich Somov (£1,296,000), Isaak Il'Ich Levitan (£1,240,000), Robert Rafailovich Fal'k (£1,016,000) and Aleksandr Evgen'evich Iakovlev (£624,000).
* Gilbert Stuart's George Washington (The Constable-Hamilton Portrait) (1794) sold for $8,136,000 (est. $10,000,000-$15,000,000) at Sotheby's New York on Nov. 30, 2005. Scandalously, the historic painting was being sold by the New York Public Library, which hastened to sell off a total of 16 artworks from its collection, valued at an estimated $22 million-$31 million.
* Sotheby's sale in New York of Latin American Art on Nov. 16, 2005, totaled $15,507,000, with 145 of 188 lots finding buyers, or 77.1 percent. New auction records were set for eight artists, including Cândido Portinari ($940,000) and Jesús Rafael Soto ($419,200). A new record was also set for Los Carpinteros, the Cuban artist collaborative, when a group of eight watercolors sold for $42,000. The sale included four works from MALBA - Coleccion Constantini, Museo de Arte Latinoamericano de Buenos Aires, which totaled $2,516,800.
* Christie's sale in New York of Latin American paintings, Nov. 15-16, 2005, totaled $11,520,160, with 147 of 217 lots finding buyers, or 68 percent. Top lot was Matta's 10 x 32 foot Watchman, What of the Night? (1968), which was consigned by the Metropolitan Museum of Art and sold to an anonymous South American collector for $990,400 (est. $500,000-$700,000). The auction also set individual artist records for Cândido Portinari ($721,600), Mira Schendel ($284,800) and Jesús Rafael Soto ($262,400) -- though both the Portinari and Soto records were broken at Sotheby's the following day (see above).
* A carved Yoruba door by Olowe of Ise (ca. 1875-1936), probably carved for Ikéré palace, brought $216,000, at Sotheby's New York on Nov. 11, 2005. The auction totaled $2,233,460.
For complete, illustrated results, see Artnet's signature Fine Art Auction Report.
contact wrobinson @ artnet.com | <urn:uuid:c1eca896-9a18-4d79-87e6-75bece7c7160> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.artnet.com/magazineus/news/artmarketwatch/artmarketwatch12-22-05.asp | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368709037764/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516125717-00028-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.935448 | 1,978 | 1.632813 | 2 |
Interested in the Legal World? Jump in with Sinclair’s Paralegal Department
The American Bar Association defines a paralegal, or legal assistant, as “a person, qualified by education, training or work experience who is employed or retained by a lawyer, law office, corporation, governmental agency or other entity and who performs specifically delegated substantive legal work for which a lawyer is responsible.”
The paralegal program at Sinclair provides you with a wealth of knowledge to help you prepare to work in the legal community or even begin a pre-law educational path.
This program might be for you if:
- You enjoy conducting research, solving problems and communicating the results.
- You are interested in learning more about law and its practices.
- You would like to gain experience to prepare for law school.
- You want to work as a part of a legal team or just gain hands-on experience and networking opportunities.
Paralegals are valued members of the legal community. The Dayton Bar Association, Ohio Bar Association and the American Bar Association have recognized this fact by offering memberships in their associations to paralegals. The challenge of the paralegal career area is as broad as the law itself. The Sinclair Paralegal Program has been developed to provide training that can meet this challenge.
Paralegal - Associate of Applied Science
The Paralegal program educates students with practical assignments in a simulated law office environment. All student work models the professional, ethical and technology concepts they will use in the legal field. Student learning is supported by experienced paralegals who serve as team teachers. All paralegal students are required to complete an attorney-supervised internship for hands-on experience using their paralegal skills.
Classes are taught in a simulated law office environment that makes current practices and technology available to students. All full-time faculty in the Paralegal program are licensed attorneys. Legal research is conducted by students both online and in professional law libraries. All students produce a personal portfolio of their legal work and benefit from an internship experience under the supervision of a licensed attorney.
A grade point average of 2.0 is required to enter the Paralegal program. A grade of C is required in all PAR courses. An overall grade point average of at least 2.0 is required to continue in the program, and is required for graduation.
Interested in learning more about this degree program?
Already know the program that is right for you?
Make the most of your education by starting at Sinclair Community College. Our quality programs and low tuition make it a great place to start even if you intend to further your education beyond an associate degree or certificate. You would be surprised at the money you could save by completing your first two years of study at Sinclair—just take a look at our low tuition and see the savings for yourself. You can also learn more by visiting Sinclair’s Transfer Web site »
Articulation & Transfer Agreements
Sinclair works directly with many four-year schools in Ohio and beyond to ensure the college credit you earn will transfer easily to those schools. By developing articulation agreements, formal agreements between colleges detailing the recognition of college credit between the schools, you will know you are meeting the requirements needed at the four-year school of your choice. Learn more about articulation and transfer »
Sinclair Community College has worked to develop program-specific agreements to assist you in a more seamless process when transferring from a specific Sinclair degree program to a bachelor’s degree program in the same area of study.
Programs & Articulation Agreements
Paralegal, Associate of Applied Science
Articulation agreements are in place for transfer to:
- Ohio University (Criminal Justice)
- University of Cincinnati (Paralegal Studies)
Transferring Individual Classes
In addition to transferring with a degree, college credit for many courses, including some paralegal program requirements, are accepted at other colleges and universities. Learn more about course equivalency »
While at Sinclair, if you plan to complete any associate degree program, there are agreements in place to help you easily transfer into a variety of bachelor’s degree completion programs.
Your transfer opportunities
- Antioch University McGregor
- Franklin University
- Kaplan University
- Ohio Dominican University
- Ohio University
- Purdue University
- Strayer University
- Wilberforce University
- Wright State University
- and more…
Ohio Transfer Module
The Associate of Arts and the Associate of Science degree programs fulfill the requirements for the Ohio Transfer Module at other public colleges and universities. Students in applied associate degree programs may complete some individual transfer module courses within their degree program or continue beyond their program to complete the entire transfer module.
Upon completion of the Ohio Transfer Module, students will be able to enter most Ohio four-year colleges and universities as a junior with your general education requirements completed. Find out more about the Ohio Transfer Module…
Please Note: Sinclair continues to work with other colleges and universities to provide more opportunities through new articulation and transfer agreements. Please consult with an academic advisor for the most up-to-date information.
Sinclair Community College offers a wide variety of certificate and degree programs. With so many to choose from, we are sure that you can find a program that suits your needs. If you are interested in the paralegal program, you might also be interested in learning more about these programs at Sinclair: | <urn:uuid:e943bcfd-3f3b-4241-946d-24c0a74395b7> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.sinclair.edu/explore/paralegal/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368706499548/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516121459-00044-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.940891 | 1,117 | 1.867188 | 2 |
Do CFLs Save Whole-House Energy?
November 06, 2008
If CFLs decrease cooling loads compared to incandescents, but increase heating loads, do they save energy overall?
Energy-efficient compact fluorescent lamps (CFLs) are becoming more and more widely available in the marketplace. Using these energy-efficient lamps in homes reduces electrical energy use and power demand. However, it also affects space-heating and space-cooling energy use. The take-back effect—the interaction of lighting with other loads—alters the overall cost savings associated with lighting. During the heating season, CFL lighting reduces internal gains compared to incandescents and therefore increases the heating load. During the cooling season, CFL lighting reduces the cooling load. Do these effects offset each other? Is the net effect of using CFLs in place of incandescents positive or negative?
A number of field studies of commercial buildings show that replacing conventional lighting with energy-efficient lighting increases the heating load and reduces the cooling load. But residential use of lighting is a different story. In residential buildings, lighting is used selectively, depending on the occupants’ needs. To learn more about the net impact of CFL lighting in housing, Natural Resources Canada performed detailed field research on the effect of CFL lighting on a home’s overall energy use. We also sought to validate an internal-gains model associated with lighting energy use.
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The Home Energy Online articles are for personal use only and may not be printed for distribution. For permission to reprint, please send an e-mail to firstname.lastname@example.org. | <urn:uuid:37142e86-316e-4d7d-8d7a-093ec9f2c255> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.homeenergy.org/show/article/nav/archive/magazine/122/page/5/id/568 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368704392896/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516113952-00002-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.922237 | 368 | 2.703125 | 3 |
Obama Often Mention Republican Icons
President Barack Obama attempts to portray his rival Mitt Romney as extreme as he praise former Republican presidents, from Ronald Reagan to Abraham Lincoln and Dwight Eisenhower. He said that the formers presidents were good examples of how the two parties can work together for the good of the nation.
Election Day is just seven months away and the president hopes that he could convince voters that he is the moderate choice. He describes Romney as having too conservative policies that doesn’t click with most Americans.
President Barack Obama mentioned former President Reagan’s name four times in a speech before the Associated Press during the group’s annual meeting. He said that Reagan was never accused of being a tax and spend socialist and yet still recognized the need to increase tax rates as well as curb federal spending to solve the nation’s deficit problem. He concluded that the conservative hero couldn’t win a Republican primary today.
He then described Romney as an ideological extremist. But this is a curious strategy by Obama’s camp because the Republican frontrunner has been considered the moderate candidate in the GOP primaries. Romney doesn’t have the full support of the conservatives in the party.
President Obama’s team wants to make Romney the bad guy before the former Massachusetts governor has the chance to fully focus his campaign towards the general election in November. The president wants to get the attention of the moderates of both parties as well as the independent voters. These are the swing votes that can decide the winner of the race.
President Obama has mentioned Reagan more than 40 times in public events and speeches since 2009. But Eisenhower is his favorite Republican president because he was referenced more than 90 times. Lincoln is second with 80 mentions in public events covered by transcripts. | <urn:uuid:586e1ca9-96b3-4924-ad27-b3fdb5a309b6> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.dailypolitical.com/politics/obama-often-mention-republican-icons.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368700958435/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516104238-00016-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.980546 | 359 | 2 | 2 |
Lifetime Optimization for Wireless Sensor Networks With Correlated Data Gathering
Source: Vrije Universiteit Brussel
The nodes in wireless sensor networks often collect correlated measurements. Not taking into account this information redundancy is detrimental to the network lifetime, since communication is often the most energy consuming task for a sensor node. This paper tackles this issue by proposing an approach based on Distributed Source Coding (DSC), in which the rate assignments are adapted over time. The distinctive feature of the DSC technique is to make the compression independent of the routing. | <urn:uuid:da09d8bd-1f48-40de-8077-dee99d1b1797> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.techrepublic.com/whitepapers/lifetime-optimization-for-wireless-sensor-networks-with-correlated-data-gathering/3339283 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368696383156/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516092623-00032-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.917632 | 113 | 2.03125 | 2 |
As Officer Pomper has pointed out, “Don’t you love the irony? After many years of the City and community activist groups unsuccessfully attempting to prove that Seattle police officers are guilty of racially profiling its citizens (and non-citizens), the City offers proof that it’s the one racially profiling, and further, it even wants to pass laws and implement policies to support it. Amazing!”
The Race and Social Justice Initiative’s goal of total equity is ironic as Seattle is actually the fifth whitest city in America, and while Asians are its largest minority group, African-Americans are found at a lower percentage than in the country as a whole. Seattle also has one of the lowest crimes rates in the country, rates which rise higher in its minority neighborhoods.
Diminishing law enforcement to maintain statistical racial parity means that the police and prosecutors would have to ignore crime in minority neighborhoods, making those neighborhoods even more dangerous. The more law enforcement is under pressure to look away from minority neighborhoods, the more their residents suffer from crime. And arguably that is one of the reasons for the disparity in racial crime statistics.
If race and ethnicity become the determinants of whether a criminal is charged, then not only does Driving While White become a real offense, taking the place of Driving While Black, but minority communities lose out on law enforcement leading to more tragedies like Kiana’s.
“Social justice is not compatible with equal justice,” Officer Pomper warned. “In cities run by ideological progressives, there’s a new political machine in town. No longer content to be mainstream lefties who simply want to impose higher taxes on the productive and then spend the money on whomever is the victim class of the moment, they are now openly violating the Constitution with their push for social justice, which, as they practice it, works in direct opposition to equal justice.”
Unequal enforcement of the law has the net effect of making the law worthless and increasing crime. Such forms of social justice actually create inequity by turning a blind eye to conditions in minority neighborhoods that make aspiration into a much bigger challenge for its residents. And they also feed racial tensions, as the minority sees things worsening for them without being able to identify the cause, and the majority sees their neighbors as a privileged class who are being given a free pass.
Seattle’s liberalism may make it an outlier for some, but programs that take root in one city create pressure for other cities to adopt it as well. As the social justice statisticians take over law enforcement, we can expect that Driving While White will become a crime across America.
Pages: 1 2 | <urn:uuid:a2085357-1159-4696-9a0d-1a5c97868fe4> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://frontpagemag.com/2011/dgreenfield/driving-while-white/2/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368703298047/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516112138-00010-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.965435 | 547 | 1.78125 | 2 |
Titanic, Icebergs and a Warming Arctic
There’s a lot of media hype surrounding the 100th anniversary of the loss of the Titanic on April 15th 2012. It started so early, I was beginning to get tired of it – until I came across an article in the Vancouver Sun focussing on the fact that icebergs are still a danger in our high-tech age and that danger could increase rather than decrease as you might think at first, as the Arctic ice melts.
I was also fascinated to read that the iceberg that sank the Titanic probably came from the Semeq Kujalleq glacier (also known as Jakobshavn) near Ilulissat in Greenland. Ice blog fans may remember I visited the area in 2009 as part of the IPY media project on climate change at the poles. It is spectacularly beautiful, but the scientists – and indeed many locals – are concerned about the increasing speed with which the glacier is flowing down to the sea, where it breaks off into icebergs. Just recently there was a new report saying the Greenland ice sheet could start to melt irreversibly at a much lower global temperature rise than previously thought – maybe even at a 1.6°C.rise.
“The Titanic’s sinking in the Atlantic showed the need for an international patrol”, says the Vancouver Sun article. A hundred years later, the Arctic countries face an increase in shipping in the region and a likely increase in icebergs breaking off and floating around in the ocean. The US Coast Guard is currently holding a conference at the University of California’s Berkeley School of Law on “Leadership for the Arctic“. The Coast Guard is also planning its biggest ever Arctic deployment this summer. Easier access is posing a whole new safety challenge, not to mention increasing oil drilling in this sensitive region. (See also article in USA Today)
So if the Titanic disaster puts more focus on these issues – and the urgent need to reduce emissions and try to halt climate change before the face of the Arctic changes completely with massive implications for global sea level – bring on the 1912 costumes and ship replicas…
More on Greenland and the Arctic ice here:
DateApril 13, 2012 | 11:01 am | <urn:uuid:22856001-3aa6-4504-9e3d-6baa9f1a84f8> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://blogs.dw.de/ice/?p=11311 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368703298047/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516112138-00060-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.959644 | 463 | 2.6875 | 3 |
Nimmu and Missing Friend by Vishnuvarthanan Moorthy
Price: Free! 8550 words.
Language: English. Published on May 19, 2013. Fiction » Children’s books » Social Issues / Friendship.
Its a story about Nimmu, a sixth grade student in India, who moves to a village and struggles to settle there. As the days progresses, he wins new friends and establishes equations among them, and starting to enjoy his school life. Gopu Joins school in the middle of the year and he becomes Nimmu's best friend. How he earned Gopu as his best friend and why he is missing the friend is the story. | <urn:uuid:2c8e44d6-1c15-434f-b273-169657b0055e> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.smashwords.com/books/category/4488?covers=on | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368697974692/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516095254-00062-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.971403 | 141 | 3.328125 | 3 |
Oh, the dilemma of indecision. Many successful career women are confident making decisions at work and indecisive when it comes to making decisions about their love lives.
If you've succeeded in your professional life by making logic-based decisions, it's because you've been educated, trained and understand how to do your job proficiently. The opposite is true when it comes to love. Instead of a handbook, manual or training program on how to be successful in love, we learn through the School of Hard Knocks. And, if you're like me, you've gotten mixed results through this trial and error method.
More from YourTango: Why You Judge Your Partner & How To Stop It
For decades, I made logic-based decisions without success in love, which led me to second guess myself. But logic-based decisions make you second guess yourself which makes it difficult to feel confident. The less confident you are, the more you question yourself and the more indecisive you are.
Indecisiveness in love shows up in any number of ways, including the following: being consumed by unhealthy thoughts and asking your friends and family what you should do; spending too much time with men and in relationships that aren't right for you; feeling dissatisfied and unhappy; being afriad to make a mistake; second-guessing yourself; and questioning whether you'll ever have true love.
During times in my love life, I've experienced all of the above and more. In fact, my story illustrates the potential repercussions of indecision. You see, when I was 30 to 35 years old, indecision kept me in the wrong relationship. Six months after meeting my boyfriend in Kansas, a job promotion led me back to southern California. I didn't know what to do about our relationship so he decided to move with me. I was happy to be back where my family and good friends were.
More from YourTango: How to Create a Heart-Catching Online Dating Profile
Things between me and my boyfriend became worse over the next four years; he was so unhappy to be in southern California and I was stressed out about his unhappiness. My indecision started out as, 'Should I go out with my friends or stay home with him?'… and grew to 'I can't decide whether to leave or stay in this relationship. I feel guilty if I break up with him because he moved to be with me.' Finally, after waffling for four long years, I broke things off. Keep reading ...
More love advice from YourTango: | <urn:uuid:2c13f377-b905-4109-a9ee-4c7e676ab624> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.yourtango.com/experts/janet-ong-zimmerman/how-make-confident-decisions-love-expert | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368703682988/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516112802-00009-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.967139 | 521 | 1.554688 | 2 |
Please join us this Winter as we continue the Stanford Pioneers in Science series. These events offer the public an opportunity to learn about the scientific contributions and lives of Stanford faculty members who have been awarded Nobel Prizes, National Medals of Science or Technology, and MacArthur Fellowships.
Each event consists of a presentation about the professional accomplishments of the featured scientist, an interview with the scientist, and QA with the audience.
This series is your chance to engage with some of the most consequential thinkers of our day—people who have helped to shape the scientific, technological, and economic fabric of our modern world.
The Stanford Pioneers in Science Series for the 2009-2010 year is sponsored by Stanford's Continuing Studies Program and by the Stanford Historical Society.
Douglas Osheroff, J.G. Jackson and C.J. Wood Professor of Physics; Gerhard Casper University Fellow in Undergraduate Education
Douglas Osheroff began tinkering with the world of physics as a boy in the basement of his home in Aberdeen, Washington. At six, he disassembled his toys to get at their electric motors, later he blew a hole in two walls with a muzzle-loading rifle he built, and nearly blinded himself when a makeshift miner's lamp exploded. But by the time he was a senior in high school, he had constructed a 110 keV Xray machine, and everybody knew there was no stopping him. Osheroff went to CalTech as an undergraduate (where he enrolled in Richard Feynman's legendary two-year course on physics) and to Cornell as a graduate student, where in 1971 he and his colleagues discovered the superfluidity in helium-3. It was for this breakthrough that Osheroff shared the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1996.
Fascinated by the wonders of the low-temperature world, Osheroff decided to stay in solid state physics after receiving his PhD in 1973, and took a research position at Bell Labs during what he calls its “golden era.” Osheroff says, “I was drawn to low-temperature work because it was so counterintuitive. Who would ever expect a liquid to flow up and out of the top of a beaker?” During his fifteen years at Bell, Osheroff continued to probe the mysteries of the cold world, was awarded a MacArthur Fellowship in 1981, and was courted by numerous universities, finally accepting Stanford's offer to join the Physics department in 1987.
Osheroff is the recipient of numerous national and international awards, and is a member of the National Academy of Sciences and a Fellow of the American Physical Society and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.
Doug Osheroff's work will be introduced by his distinguished colleague, Alexander Fetter, Professor of Physics, Emeritus, and former Director of both the Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory and the Geballe Laboratory for Advanced Materials. | <urn:uuid:c410f59c-07e1-4003-902c-0515d4f91b36> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://events.stanford.edu/events/215/21525/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368703682988/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516112802-00031-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.972912 | 600 | 2.5625 | 3 |
An Architecture for a Socialist State
The Architecture of Socialism
With a few brief exceptions, post-independence Indian politics till the 1990s was dominated largely by the Congress party, each time with a representative of the Nehru-Gandhi family at the helm, who alone seemed to be able to guarantee a certain unity.
Principally backed by Nehru and his coterie of advisers, India with its five-year plans embarked on a socialist model of development that featured a top-heavy State with minimal delegation of power to the regions or to district-level representative bodies. This socialist-industrial model called for massive State-controlled investment in heavy industry and associated activities.
While this model of governance may possibly have been the only viable solution in a time when India was struggling to become a cohesive political unit, it was also subsequently criticized for encouraging and entrenching endemic corruption and propagating a multi-layered bureaucracy that continues to this day. The State, as the biggest actor in the country, controlled almost everything – including information flow, social development, and most importantly for our purposes, became also the biggest client for architectural and urban development projects. It is not surprising then that most significant large-scale construction from this era has been either directly sponsored by the government or by public corporations.
The Search for an Aesthetic
The Asian Games in 1982 provided a massive fillip to construction, especially in Delhi. The Pragati Maidan complex, built on the eve of the Games, provided a space for many innovative architectural experiments and cemented the careers of a whole generation of professionals. Built as an exhibition and entertainment space, Pragati Maidan continues to be one of the stellar attractions in Delhi. Within it, the Hall of Nations by Raj Rewal is a large column-free space that is characterized by its use of reinforced concrete in a structure that would normally be constructed of steel trusses, a decision influenced by the lack of expertise in steel construction as well as the prohibitive cost of steel at the time. While the use of concrete results in a massive structure that does have some brutal appeal, the quality of construction leaves something to be desired. For all that the building is one of the most imposing in Pragati Maidan and continues to host many high-quality exhibitions, both domestic and international.
Also constructed for the Games are a series of stadia, the most prominent being the Indraprastha Indoor Stadium by Sharat Das and the Talkatora stadium by Satish Grover. The Indraprastha Stadium is an imposing structure with bearing walls of concrete and roofing of steel trusses, marked by its rapid construction with movable shuttering on the bearing columns ensuring continuous activity on the site. It unfortunately suffers from a lack of maintenance, and the use of plastic covering on its roof on rainy days is sometimes visible.
For athletes visiting the capital, large-scale temporary housing was required. Raj Rewal designed for this purpose the Asiad Games Village, a cluster of interlocking housing units that takes its formal inspiration from the streetscape and scale of towns in Rajasthan, particularly Jaisalmer. Rewal claims to have used these spatial references to create a series of courts and ‘streets’ through the complex and even to use finishes and material that correspond to their original inspiration.
Asiad Village, New Delhi, Cluster Plan
Today the Games Village, or Khelgaon as it also called, houses commercial and office space, exhibition areas, as well as nightspots that are known as much for their fine cuisine as for their easygoing urban setting.
This experiment with ‘vernacular’ material and scales is continued elsewhere, in the Indian Institute of Management, Bangalore by Stein, Doshi and Bhalla, several buildings in Rajasthan (including the University of Jodhpur - Image below) by Uttam C. Jain, as well as a neo-Corbusian aesthetic in the Shriram Center and Akbar Hotel, both at Delhi, by Shivnath Prasad.
To sum up, most of the architectural production of any significance till the 1990s is marked by a certain commonality of factors: firstly sponsored or commissioned by the State and its organs, and secondly the search for an appropriate aesthetic fluctuates between two extremes – that of a completely ‘international’ vocabulary of Modernism (such as Prasad’s Akbar Hotel) and an attempt to reinterpret the vernacular on the other (exemplified by Correa’s Crafts Village).
However, most architectural production is a balancing act between these two poles – a form dictated by the exigencies of universal standards of space (stadia, exhibition spaces, and convention centers) and construction and aesthetics influenced by what is actually possible on the site.
Jodhpur University. Notice use of local material for finishes.
These mixes, when juggled elegantly and with flair, has resulted in elegant or in horribly clunky structures that have only got worse with time. It is perhaps best here not to point out examples – suffice it to say that many of the larger cities in India are littered with architectural horrors from this period that are a blot on the cityscape and serve to efface the many fine and sensitive examples time that co-exist side by side.
It is ironic that the same State that professed a social agenda has been responsible, in many cases, for an urban landscape that has done little to help minimize the inequality that vowed to eradicate. Fortunately this is an issue that is increasingly being debated in the work of younger professionals today.
Images from Bhatt, Vikram and Peter Scriver. Contemporary Indian Architecture: After the Masters. Ahmedabad: Mapin Publishing: 1990. | <urn:uuid:590bffa2-65e1-472e-b81e-010177424344> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.boloji.com/index.cfm?md=Content&sd=Articles&ArticleID=1028 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368698207393/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516095647-00007-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.964705 | 1,185 | 2.5625 | 3 |
No matter how you cut it, airline travel isn’t easy these days. Exacerbating that, too many passengers, flight attendants, and airlines have left their responsibility at the cabin door.
Like many frequent fliers, I’m fed up.
On American Airlines flight 767 from Dallas to London, Hussam Jaber, became drunk and unruly, didn’t obey flight crew orders, and jabbed at several flight attendants. The flight was diverted to Boston’s Logan Airport where he was arrested.
What was he thinking?
A few years back, on Air Canada Flight 662, a one-and-a-half hour flight from Montreal to Halifax, a drunk passenger was still swearing when arrested in Halifax. In the air he wouldn’t follow crew instructions and he removed one of the plastic coverings on the inside of the plane’s window.
Do you believe that?
Last year, James Allen Cameron, 50, of Anaheim was on a United Airlines flight from Hong Kong to LAX. He had been drinking and became belligerent, and verbally abusive. He hit an off duty pilot during the flight, then later punched a flight attendant on the chin.
He will likely be sentenced to five years in prison or more this fall.
During the last decade I have accumulated hundreds of thousands of miles in the air, and I have witnessed more than my share of unruly, abusive, drunk passengers.
I believe that each of those passengers, like the ones listed above, had the personal responsibility to behave in a reasonable and safe manner. They have themselves to blame for their illegal behavior, and any legal trouble they earned.
That being said, it appears that in the examples above, and in similar instances I’ve personally encountered, had the flight attendants scrutinized their passengers’ condition even a little bit, and were more reasonably serious about their (crew) responsibilities, they might have prevented the problems on their flights. They could have simply stopped serving alcoholic beverages to those already drunk.
When will the airlines and their flight crews take their responsibility seriously when serving alcoholic beverages? Perhaps it will happen when someone is killed by a passenger in a drunken rage? Sooner of later, if flight attendants don’t change their job behavior, it’s going to happen.
The FAA holds passengers responsible for their actions inflight. When will the FAA hold the airlines and their crews similarly responsible?
Kathy Lord-Jones of the Association of Professional Flight Attendants said, “Poor behavior should not be tolerated anywhere, but when it happens at 35,000 feet, the behavior jeopardizes the overall safety of that aircraft.”
She was referring to passengers, of course, and she’s right. Drunken passengers poor behavior shouldn’t be tolerated, but neither should the airlines behavior of serving passengers alcoholic beverages until they are drunk, and many times even after they are visibly drunk.
Most airlines today encourage their flight crews to file criminal and civil charges against passengers who abuse them. I think they should, but how about the FAA filing federal charges against flight crews who continue to serve obviously intoxicated passengers until they become abusive and endanger the safety of the aircraft?
To the best of my knowledge, it has never been done, because there is no FAA Dram Shop regulation which holds flight crews and the airlines responsible for their irresponsible serving of alcoholic beverages inflight. It’s about time for such regulation.
In Pennsylvania, we have a Dram Shop Law. Under it, a business or individual who gives alcohol to a visibly intoxicated person is legally responsible, along with the drunken person they served, for any damage that person might cause.
I have been on more than a few flights in recent years during which visibly intoxicated passengers were continued to be plied with drinks by the flight crew, even while these passengers began to act out. It wasn’t until they were essentially out of control, that the flight attendants cut them off.
Talk about way too late.
To me, while the passenger still bears personal responsibility for their actions, a flight crew who serves a passenger alcoholic beverages making them drunk or continues serving them while visibly intoxicated, deserves whatever abuse they get, and should be held equally accountable, both criminally and civilly for anything the passengers does while in that condition.
I’d be willing to bet if the FAA put a Dram Shop regulation into effect, drunken passengers would not be served inflight, and the incidents of drunken passengers’ criminal behavior, interfering with the operations of the flight crew and endangering the safety of the aircraft would virtually disappear.
If you agree, please write to me, your Senators and Representative and ask them to require the FAA hold flight crews responsible for their actions, for serving visibly intoxicated passengers alcoholic beverages, or better yet, pass a Federal Dram Shop law for commercial aviation. | <urn:uuid:1f2ae6a3-3fad-4cec-8d64-b58f0566e46b> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.consumertraveler.com/columns/dram-shop-law-for-the-airlines-needed-for-passenger-safety/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368701459211/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516105059-00014-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.974079 | 1,001 | 1.773438 | 2 |
Senator Lugar a moderate? Not by a long shot.
May 18, 2012 — Last week, six-term Republican Senator Richard G. Lugar was defeated in the Indiana primary by Richard Mourdock, the current state treasurer. During the campaign, Mourdock, who was backed by the Tea Party faction of the GOP, challenged Lugar’s record as a conservative, claiming in a political advertisement, “When Dick Lugar moved to Washington, he left behind his conservative Hoosier values.”
WHAT IS STORY REPAIR?
In this feature, we select a story that appeared in one or more major news outlets and try to show how a different set of inquiries or observations could have produced a more illuminating article.
This repair was prompted by a series of stories last week about six-term Indiana Senator Richard Lugar losing in the Republican primary to Richard Mourdock. Mourdock had challenged Lugar from the right. A common theme in the articles was that Senator Lugar had been a “moderate” in the Senate.
For example, one New York Times story declared Lugar to be a “collegial moderate who personified a gentler political era,” and another piece in The Times declared as a factual matter that Lugar was “a Republican so moderate that even [Democratic] leaders admitted that plenty of Democrats liked him.”
For us, the stories raised red flags about the ongoing problem of many journalists inside the Beltway chasing the Holy Grail of “bipartisanship,” “compromise,” and a “sensible center,” and allowing anything to the right of where most Democrats stand to be given the “moderate” label. It is a practice that has allowed ever-more conservative positions to be misclassified in that way.
It turns out, as this repair shows, that the label of moderate as applied to Senator Lugar is a figment of journalistic imagination.
Because there was so much to repair in connection with this fundamental mischaracterization, this repair does not attempt to treat other elements of the stories (such as the variety of reasons for Richard Mourdock’s victory or whether there are broader implications of the result).
In the wake of Lugar’s defeat, prominent Democrats, including President Barack Obama, Vice-President Joseph Biden, and Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid (D-Nev.) mourned his loss. Senator John Kerry (D-Mass.) praised Luger’s bipartisanship, saying that Lugar was “a class act and a gentleman.”
Over his 36-year term, there were, in fact, instances when Senator Lugar bucked his party. In the 1980s, for example, he was part of a Senate effort, opposed by most Republicans, to impose economic sanctions on apartheid South Africa. More recently, Lugar was one of only a handful of Senate Republicans who voted to confirm President Obama’s Supreme Court nominees Elena Kagan and Sonia Sotomayor. He co-sponsored the DREAM Act, a measure strongly opposed by most Republicans that is designed to provide a path to permanent residency for children of illegal immigrants.
But the fondness for Lugar from top Senate Democrats notwithstanding, even a cursory examination of his record demonstrates that Lugar stymied those Democrats time and time again, standing firmly in line with the majority of his Republican colleagues. In countless key votes — on issues ranging from fiscal policy to healthcare to women’s rights — Lugar’s stance was deeply and consistently conservative, as that term is conventionally used in the modern American political context.
Saying “no” to fiscal stimulus
In February 2009, the economy was in a precarious state, having shed 2.3 million jobs in the preceding three months. President Obama introduced the American Reinvestment and Recovery Act. The $787 billion plan — characterized as insufficiently robust by, among others, Obama economic advisor Christina Romer and progressive economists Joseph Stiglitz, Paul Krugman and Dean Baker — combined tax cuts and government spending on public works projects, education, health care, energy and technology to try to jumpstart the economy. Obama’s bill — funded at a level midway between those on his left demanding a much larger stimulus, between $1.25 trillion and $2 trillion, and those on his right rejecting stimulus altogether — passed the Senate by a vote of 61 to 37. Three Republicans joined Democrats in supporting the bill, but Lugar was among the overwhelming majority of Republicans voting “no.”
Saying “no” to extending unemployment benefits…unless Bush tax cuts extended, too
The Bush-era tax cuts were scheduled to expire automatically at the end of 2010. There was bipartisan agreement that tax cuts applicable to middle class families should be extended, but President Obama had promised that he would not let the tax cuts for the wealthy continue. Democrats proposed a tax cut extension for all except that portion of family income in excess of $250,000.
At the same time, two other measures were, according to Democrats, desperately needed: the first, prompted by the continuing crisis of high unemployment, was an extension of long-term unemployment benefits. The second was a cut in the payroll tax. Many considered these moves as at least modest elements of additional fiscal stimulus.
The GOP position was to refuse a vote on either an extension of unemployment or a reduction in the payroll tax unless Democrats relented and renewed tax cuts for the wealthy. Lugar joined his fellow Republicans in that filibuster, and was ultimately successful when President Obama gave in to GOP pressure.
Heidi Shierholz, a labor economist with the liberal Economic Policy Institute, said, “A decision to deny unemployment benefits to Americans who have lost their jobs through no fault of their own, or to block a payroll tax cut” — the latter being a proposal that Republicans have favored for years — “all to ensure that the wealthiest Americans keep receiving a disproportionate amount of tax relief, however you may characterize it on the merits, is surely not a ‘moderate’ stand.” | <urn:uuid:e3519c6c-3a94-4853-86cd-3618aa54ad49> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.remappingdebate.org/article/senator-lugar-moderate-not-long-shot-0 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368705559639/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516115919-00033-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.966125 | 1,270 | 1.695313 | 2 |
Since approximately 15 years extracorporeal shock wave treatment (ESWT) is successfully used for the treatment of non-healing fractures in special centers worldwide (Europe, Asia, Africa and off-label also in the USA). After extensive basic research and positively conducted clinical trials the executive committee of the 14th Congress of the International Society for Extracorporel Shockwave Treatment (ISMST) held in June in Kiel, Germany decided to recommend
ESWT for the treatment of long bone non-unions as therapy of “first choice”
Ludger Gerdesmeyer, President of ISMST: “Shockwave is as effective as surgical intervention in healing long bone non-unions, but non operative, bloodless and less burdening for patients, and - in the final analysis – saves money for the health care system.”
Shock wave therapy reduces suffering and recovery time
Applying shock wave therapy saves the patients not only from elaborate surgery (extensive dissection of the non-union, removing scar tissue through milling and chiseling as well as bone transplants, mostly from the pelvic bone), but also from long hospital stays and possible following complications. While after surgery 10 to 30% of the cases develop more or less serious complications, with shock wave treatment only minor side-effects, if any, were observed (superficial swellings and superficial hematomas with no clinical impact). The first randomized controlled trial* (RCT) comparing surgical therapy to shockwave treatment for pseudarthrosis of long bones published in the world leading U.S. Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery (JBJS) proved:
1. ESWT and surgery show practically the same success rates
2. Recovery was significantly accelerated in the patients receiving ESWT
3. Complications were significantly reduced in the patients receiving ESWT
The same outcome has a second study** recently published in JBJS by John Furia, a leading U.S. orthopedic surgeon and specialist for sports medicine: The investigation showed similar results comparing ESWT to surgery in patients suffering from a non-union of their fifth metatarsal bone (Jone´s fracture) occurring frequently in physically active patients and high profile athletes.
*Extracorporeal shock-wave therapy compared with surgery for hypertrophic long-bone nonunions
A. Cacchio, L. Giordano, O. Colafarina, J. D. Rompe, E. Tavernese, F. Ioppolo, S. Flamini, G.Spacca,and V. Santilli. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 91:2589–97, Nov 2009
**Shock Wave Therapy Compared with Intramedullary Screw Fixation for Nonunion of Proximal Fifth Metatarsal Metaphyseal-Diaphyseal Fractures
John P. Furia, Paul J. Juliano, Allison M. Wade, Wolfgang Schaden and Rainer Mittermayr
J Bone Joint Surg Am. 92:846-854. April 2010
Shock wave therapy is practically complication free and reduces healthcare costs
(by about 80 %)
Since December 1998, close to 3000 patients with non-unions were treated with shock wave therapy at the AUVA Trauma Center Meidling in Vienna, Austria where ESWT is recognized as therapy of “first choice” for non-unions since August, 2000. Approximately 80% of the patients, who were referred from more than 90 hospitals and clinics from all over Austria and its neighboring countries as well in some cases even from overseas, were completely cured by this non-invasive, practically side-effect free method.
By fastidious collection and evaluation of treatment data it could be shown that besides negligible side effects (superficial swellings and hematomas with no clinical impact) applying shock wave treatment for non-unions reduces costs the health care systems by about 80 %.
Ludger Gerdesmeyer: “It is hard to understand that only very few patients suffering from non healing fractures still do not get the option for such an effective treatment. Still hundreds of millions of Euros are wasted European wide by neglecting shockwave therapy.” | <urn:uuid:582133ea-baa3-4063-8163-4ef49c6f3665> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.storzmedical.com/en/news/104-ismst-world-leading-specialists-recommend-shock-wave-treatment-for-non-healing-long-bone-fractures-non-unionpseudarthrosis.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368698924319/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516100844-00071-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.930446 | 871 | 1.734375 | 2 |
- plastic 5-gallon bucket
- rust-proof paint
- piece of expanded metal that fits the bucket opening
- approximately 1/2 bag of large round gravel (or use existing gravel in bed)
- scrap piece of copper tubing
- submersible pump
- 2-inch piece of plastic tubing (used to connect copper tubing and pump)
- spade or digging shovel
- tubing cutter
- bubble level
Steps for installing a 5-gallon water feature
Bury the bucket. First things first, dig a hole deep enough to accommodate your 5-gallon bucket. Keep in mind that the top of the bucket should be at ground level. You will also want to make sure that your bucket is setting level in the hole.
Install pump and platform. Next, place the pump in the bucket and connect the copper tubing to the pump; using the small piece of plastic tubing.
You will have to cut the copper tubing to the correct length. Cut it long enough to reach slightly above the platform. After your pump is in place, install your expanded metal platform inside the bucket. You may want to paint your platform with rust-proof paint if it is not galvanized.
Test the pump. Fill the bucket with enough water to cover the pump. Plug your pump in and make any necessary adjustments. Remember that when the water level reaches the top of the copper tube, the force of the "fountain" will be reduced. When your pump is adjusted, fill the bucket to the correct level.
Backfill the hole and install the gravel. The final step is to backfill the area surrounding the bucket, and cover the platform and the surrounding area with gravel. Place several larger rocks around the top of the copper tubing. This will help to keep the "flow" of the fountain open.
NOTE: Remember you will have occasionally add water to your fountain to compensate for evaporation. | <urn:uuid:ba2758c2-beca-463c-bcf8-4c93b66b588a> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://fourstateshomepage.com/rsh-fulltext?nxd_id=21152&d=1 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368706499548/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516121459-00000-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.916267 | 394 | 2.203125 | 2 |
Another legislative session over, another ATV law on the booksby Tom Robertson, Minnesota Public Radio
There are more than a quarter-million all-terrain vehicles in Minnesota. Lawmakers have been haggling for years to figure out where those machines can and can't go on state lands. This past legislative session produced another set of new laws designed to reign in ATV use. But once again, not everyone is happy with the end result. Supporters say the new measures are a step forward. Critics say the laws will leave the state's forest lands vulnerable to damage.
Bemidji, Minn. — Contentious, might be the best word to describe ATV issues the past few years. Minnesota Sen. Satveer Chaudhary (DFL-Fridley) set out to change that. Chaudhary chairs the powerful Environment and Natural Resources Committee and was the architect of this year's newest ATV legislation. By most accounts, the senator was successful in bringing ATV and environmental groups together. Chaudhary says there was a new level of cooperation in St. Paul.
"I think we really achieved a good balance and a good compromise," said Chaudhary. "And most importantly, we created a new tone on the ATV issue from one that was really kind of warlike and hostile between environmental groups and ATV riding groups, to one where there was a dialogue where we seek solutions to actual problems."
The two sides agreed there needed to be a big change in ATV rules. To understand why, you need to go back to 2005, when legislators split the state in two. In the southern two-thirds of Minnesota, ATV riders can only go on trails that are posted with signs saying they're open. But the rules are different north of U.S. Highway 2, where nearly 75 percent of state forest land is located. In those forests, ATVs can go on any existing trail, unless it's posted closed.
That 2005 law created an unintended loophole. It meant that in northern forests, people could legally ride on almost any trail, even on renegade trails that were made illegally. The result in some forests was a spider web of new trails, all legal under the letter of the law.
This year's new law was intended to fix the problem with a simple requirement; that beginning in June 2009, a DNR-produced map will identify which trails are legal for riders. That requirement was agreed upon by the various interest groups, passed by the Legislature and signed by the governor.
It all seemed like a done deal. But days later DNR officials came forward with a problem. They pointed to hundreds of miles of trails that won't appear on the DNR's new map. They're called "access routes." Some cross over county or private land. These "access routes" connect to hunting land, logging sites or private property. For that reason, the DNR doesn't want to publicize the trails by putting them on a map.
Northern lawmakers pushed to keep those unmapped trails open. Rep. David Dill (DFL-Crane Lake) says local riders have used these lesser known trails for years. He says the new law allows that to continue.
"Basically, what we're talking about are established logging roads, or trails that access private land," said Dill. "Trails that are access routes to areas that have been logged, or cabins that exist on private land but need to go across state land, that have been traditionally used will, as well, be available for use."
Some environmental groups say the eleventh hour change is a step backward. Matt Norton is a forestry and wildlife advocate with the St. Paul-based Minnesota Center for Environmental Advocacy. Norton says the change will be confusing to riders and will make the original mapped trail requirement unenforceable.
"How are those things reconciled? Not too well," Norton said. "The first law says you have to stay on mapped trails and the second law says unless those trails that you're riding are not mapped. It's really sort of, it's not possible to make the two laws fit in a neat way. The second law essentially creates a loophole that swallows the first."
Leaders of Minnesota's largest rider's group say they didn't ask for the change, but they support it. ATV Association of Minnesota President Phill Morud says locals should be allowed continued access to traditional areas. He says he thinks most ATV riders will want to stick to mapped trails. Morud says the new laws need to be given a chance before throwing them out.
"Things have been moving pretty fast for the last quite a few years," said Morud. "Now that we have a little bit more civil tone, let's find out what works and protect the areas that need protecting and move forward from here."
The DNR still needs to finish the process of designating state forest trails that will be open to ATVs. Maps of those trail networks aren't expected for another two years. It's unclear now how many miles of unmapped trails will remain open to riders.
- All Things Considered, 06/21/2007, 5:24 p.m. | <urn:uuid:0d10c1a9-a9b6-45fc-aa5e-e3eac718a996> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://minnesota.publicradio.org/display/web/2007/06/19/atvupdate?refid=0 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368701852492/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516105732-00070-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.971271 | 1,070 | 1.757813 | 2 |
Chuck Colson's comments ("The Slaughter of the Innocents: Kosovo and Just War Theory," BreakPoint Commentary, March 31, 1999) are not persuasive. The concept of a "just war" is not meaningful. This phrase is an oxymoron. I do not find any such theory expressed in the gospels by Jesus. The closest I come to a "just war" is a definition based on passive resistance as advanced by Mahatma Gandhi and Martin Luther King, but war can never be "just" because innocents are always victims.
Colson makes the point that "First, the Just War Theory requires that war be declared by the proper authority and be waged to resist an attack. There has been no attack here. This war is being waged within a sovereign state." But who is the sovereign state in this case? Are we dealing with Kosovo, a province of Yugoslavia, or Kosova an emerging independent state? The British were sovereign in the American Colonies before the American Revolution. Using Colson's logic, Americans had no right to rebel and become independent. I disagree. Americans had every right to rebel against injustice, and the Kosovars have every right to do so today. All who love justice and fairness should be willing to help them.
How many wars have been "declared" since World War II? Was Vietnam ever a declared war? I think not. Neither did we declare war against Korea or Iraq or Afghanistan or Cambodia or Libya. In recent years America has taken military action against all of these countries without declaring war against any of them. The concept of declaring war is no longer meaningful. Today nations prefer to pretend ignorance and deny reality. I submit that the declaration of war has virtually disappeared as a practice, as has adherence to the Napoleonic Code in which soldiers are not allowed to engage civilians. The latter sadly disappeared with the World War II bombings of London and Dresden.
Ethnic sovereignty and human dignity are the paramount issues in this case, not Yugoslavian sovereignty as Colson suggests. Does an ethnic Albanian minority have a right to exist as a free people and without fear of violent attack from another ethnic group? Of course they do! Ethnic cleansing is a godless concept that should be abhorrent to all Christians. It should be the goal of America and its NATO allies to end ethnic cleansing. This is a noble cause that should be supported by all Christians. Our Lord surely hates ethnic cleansing and so should all believers. It is not a loving act for America to pretend that it's not happening and to look the other way. It is not enough just to pray for Kosova. Faith without action is dead. Christians should therefore seek strategies that reduce conflict as quickly as possible and minimize human suffering.
Colson suggests that NATO bombing has resulted in greater human suffering since they have caused Milosevic to intensify his attacks. He may be right in suggesting that Milosevic has accelerated ethnic cleansing in response to the bombing, but NATO is not responsible for Milosevic's behavior. Milosevic is responsible, just as the troops doing the actual killing are responsible. Milosevic is simply using the bombings as an excuse to undertake ethnic cleansing that was already planned. This argument is not a reason to avoid doing the right thing.
America faces three alternatives in the Balkans. It can: (A) ignore the situation and let them fight it out, (B) enter the war on a limited basis and hope to modify the outcome and minimize its losses, or (C) enter the war full scale and end it as quickly as possible. None of these alternatives are reasonable or desirable. None of them are good. Because of our adversaries and the hatred they hold against ethnic Albanians, we are forced to choose that alternative which appears least harmful in the face of much uncertainty.
Nothing is fair or just about any of these options, but we are obliged to support the best and most loving choice. Shall we not follow Christ's example? Nothing was fair or just about His crucifixion, yet He never wavered from doing His duty and submitted to death on the cross. Clearly He was not happy about it, but He did the best and most loving thing He could do.
Option A clearly limits American losses in the short term, but is not necessarily the best for Europe or America in the long term. It is not clear how far our adversary is willing to go. If unopposed, will he next attack Macedonia or Albania? I am not suggesting that the domino theory necessarily applies to the Balkans, but clearly some of the Balkan neighbors view it as a distinct possibility and the consequences should be considered. The world cannot tolerate another Hitler, and we should have learned long ago that reason does not prevail against madness.
President Clinton has apparently adopted Option B and America has entered the war on a limited basis. The problem with this approach is that it doesn't make military sense. Why, for example, were we sending three scouts without adequate protection to the border in Macedonia? Why were they exposed as they were? Why couldn't they immediately call for support and get it in time to prevent their capture? This situation apparently resulted from a limited military action that exposed some troops more than is prudent, and which tempted the enemy to undertake activities that would be precluded by either Options A or C.
The amount of human suffering accompanying Option B is not encouraging thus far, especially in light of recent Serbian actions to seal the Albanian border with Kosova. Clearly our enemy has no desire or interest in protecting ethnic Albanian civilians. Time will tell as the tragedy unfolds. Serbians may well accelerate ethnic cleansing by using Albanians as human shields for military targets. It is too bad we haven't already eliminated that possibility through the use of ground troops.
Option C should only be undertaken if America and its NATO allies are also willing to undertake long-term occupation and monitoring of the Balkans to establish a stable government and protect the innocents. While most unpalatable, this option may be the most humanitarian and loving, even in the present circumstances. It was the underlying principle that resulted in the rapid and successful conclusion of Desert Storm. It also worked under Reagan in Granada. Why has it been abandoned so quickly by the present administration, considering its recent success?
Scripture teaches that the "Just shall walk by faith," but we live in a world with little justice and even less faith. If our adversary, on the other hand, is mad with hatred and is made confident by our indecision and lack of faith, then our options are limited indeed. When a bully corners us, then our faith must be revealed by our actions. Unfortunately, bullies are not reasonable and have limited awareness. Most can only learn in the school of hard knocks. In the schoolyard we knew it was wrong to allow bullies to beat up little kids. We know it's wrong in Kosova today.
In response to Colson, Christ clearly teaches that we have a duty to help others, "If you have done it for the least of these, you have done it for me." An attack to carry out ethnic cleansing is an attack against all mankind. The bell tolls for each of us. It is immoral to ignore it or pretend that it's not happening. It should be the intent of America and its NATO allies to stop ethnic cleansing. The ruthless Serbian killings in Kosova justify intervention and its independence from Yugoslavia. France was willing to help America win its revolution. America should act decisively to help free Kosova today. In the process it will also help free itself by doing the right thing.
D. W. Tedder, Ph.D., P.E.
School of Chemical Engineering
Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta, Georgia | <urn:uuid:d2f21d36-4744-49c1-9434-ed162cb27f5b> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://leaderu.com/humanities/slaughter.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368704713110/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516114513-00033-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.966658 | 1,574 | 1.804688 | 2 |
October 3rd, 2008 – I use ProTools when I work in outside studios; it’s the industry standard. It’s a solid program to record and engineer music, and it’s great for cutting and manipulating audio. Whether it has a special sound, as some contend, is a matter of debate with me.
Perhaps you could say that it has a sound if you use the bundled hardware for all input and output duty. For serious studios, however, the AD and DA are separate from the ProTools hardware, and that hardware is only used to interface the AD/DA with the software (through ADAT usually), bypassing any chance of sound-colouring from the ProTools gear.
For my work as a composer, I’ve never found that ProTools helped me write music in the way that Logic does. Logic bundles samplers (with gigs of samples and loops), synthesizers, effects, and loads them with presets to help you on your way to compose. There aren’t any barriers to writing the music. That being said, its handling of audio infuriates me. Editing and recording audio is irritating at best and downright unusable at worst. That’s why when I record live instruments and vocals, I prefer to use ProTools. Unfortunately, samplers, synthesizers and good effects are not easily integrated into ProTools so I’ve never considered it for songwriting. That is, until now.
ProTools 8 now bundles software instruments and plug-ins as well as supports MIDI and music notation (via Sibelius style integration). These improvements, along with UI tweaking (hey, I’m a sucker for eye-candy), ProTools’ dominance in studios, and my disappointment with Logic Pro 8, may tempt me to switch my project studio environment over to the DigiDesign dark-side. I’ll wait to see what kind of instruments and effects are included before I totally make the switch. How about you? | <urn:uuid:ad62d62e-4730-47aa-89ea-269a2a469b21> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.keyofgrey.com/2008/10/protools-8-total-overhaulwill-it-sway-me/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368704392896/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516113952-00032-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.95623 | 412 | 1.632813 | 2 |
Awesome Australian Billionaire To Build Full-Sized Replica Of the Titanichttp://gizmodo.com/5906252/awesome-australian-billionaire-will-build-full+sized-replica-of-the-titanic
Just a few weeks after the 100th anniversary of the Titanic's only voyage, Australian billionaire Clive Palmer has commissioned a Chinese shipyard to build a historically accurate replica of the colossal boat.
In addition to the Chinese builder, Palmer has hired a historical research team to mind all the details of recreating the nine-deck, 840-room cruise ship. The Daily Mail reports that like the original, Titanic II will have four towering smokestacks, but this time around they'll be entirely cosmetic. Instead of coal, Titanic II will be powered by diesel engines.
Palmer says the ship will have gyms, spas and all the amenities people expect from luxury cruise ships. It'll also be outfitted with "21st-century technology"?presumably so that it doesn't sink on its 2016 maiden voyage.
At this time, Palmer says he has no idea how much the project will cost. We're taking bets on whether the bill will cost more than the political campaign Palmer also just announced.
Yes, Titanic II Is obviously a stunt designed to promote Palmer's political career. But if you're going to spend a lot of money to get elected, you might as well build something huge and awesome. [Daily Mail] | <urn:uuid:7deb86bb-c947-475b-a9b0-22cc6d1d7bba> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.zunescene.mobi/forums/index.php?topic=59886.0;prev_next=next | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368703298047/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516112138-00000-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.952632 | 309 | 1.835938 | 2 |
We will show how a large scale simulation approach, that has proven successful in researching dynamics of high-energy impact in engineering, can be used to validate results of forensic investigations of air traffic accidents. In our case study involving the tragic April 2010 crash of Polish Air Force One in Russia, we use the finite element methodology to enable comprehensive high fidelity simulations of certain events that reportedly might have occurred during the crash. Using only publicly available data as inputs, we analyze physics of a presumed collision of a wing of the aircraft and a birch tree, and
look into various scenarios of structural disintegration. Curiously, our results expose infeasibility of many findings published in the official investigation reports. The presentation will be preceded by a short introduction to the historical and political context of the crash. We argue for and emphasize the benefits of using a scientific method to explain complex events taking place in the physical world.
Host: Artur Dubrawski
Appointments: Stephanie Matvey (email@example.com)
Dr. Wieslaw K. Binienda, F. ASCE. currently serves as Professor and Chairman of the Department of Civil Engineering at the University of Akron. He received his Master of Science degree from the Warsaw Polytechnic and Ph.D. in Mechanical Engineering from Drexel University in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
His research interests include high energy impact simulation, fracture and damage of materials with emphasis on advanced composites, explicit and implicit finite element analysis, smart materials, structural design as well as optimization, characterization and constitutive equation development for ceramics, metals and polymer matrix composites.
He has authored or co-authored 55 journal papers, 21 NASA Technical Memoranda, and about 100 other publications. He successfully advised 15 PhD and 13 MS graduate students. He is a Principal Investigator or Co-PI of research projects in the amount of over $8.5M from federal agencies like NASA, NSF, state agencies such as EPIC, OAI, and the private
In 2004 Dr. Binienda received a prestigious NASA Award titled "Turning Goals Into Reality" for valuable contribution to the Jet Engine Containment Concepts and Blade-Out Simulation Team and Exceptional Progress Toward Aviation Safety.
In 2007 Dr. Binienda was honored with the ASCE Fellow in recognition for his outstanding research accomplishments. He is also a recipient of the Outstanding Researcher Award and the Louis A. Hill, Jr. Award of the University of Akron. Recently, he received two prestigious ASCE awards: Outstanding Professional Service Award in 2010 and Outstanding Professional Contribution Award in 2011. Polish-American Congress Illinois Division awarded him the Heritage Award in 2012. He was a distinguished keynote speaker at the ASCE Earth and Space Conference in March 2012 in Pasadena, CA. He also was invited as the keynote speaker at the Polish-French Symposium on Mechanics at the Polytechnic University in Warsaw in May 2012. Dr. Binienda was also invited by COMAC Corporation as an aviation expert for the ISATCA Conference in Beijing China, in September 2012, where he presented his analysis of the Tu-154M airplane crash in Smolensk.
In 2010 Dr. Binienda was elected as the Editor-in-Chief of the Journal of Aerospace Engineering. Dr. Binienda also serves as co-director of the Gas Turbine Testing Center at the University of Akron where he is responsible for impact, material and structural experiments. | <urn:uuid:5350516d-4a0f-4063-86d2-b514f614502b> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.ri.cmu.edu/event_detail.html?event_id=720&menu_id=425&event_type=seminars | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368698924319/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516100844-00028-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.942735 | 708 | 1.882813 | 2 |
Making best use of meetings
Meetings are a part of every stage of collective bargaining from meetings with the people you represent, meetings of the bargaining team during negotiations, and report-back meetings when the deal is done.
Effective meeting management shows respect for participants and acknowledges the value of people’s time. Importantly, good meetings support well-considered decision-making and steady progress in the bargaining process.
In negotiations each party will take notes but it is equally important in meetings outside of negotiations that good records are kept of progress.
What could I do for meetings outside the negotiation?
- Have an agenda – it is a good tool for keeping the meeting on track
- Cover what needs to be discussed and what needs to be done about it
- Provide information for participants to ensure they can make the necessary decisions
- Manage the meeting through a Chair
- Find ways to ensure everyone has a say
- Keep a record – simple formats work best
- Always return to clarify decisions before the end of the meeting
- create an agenda, including items from participants
- set ground rules and ensure they are upheld
- set timeframe for discussion and stick to it if possible
- agree on a decision-making process (consensus/majority vote)
- ensure you stick to the processes agreed
- decide a format for notes e.g. create headings: issue/discussion/agreement/timeframe/person responsible
- put a name, date and time on each notes page
- work with the Chair to ensure accurate recording
- check back with participants for clarity as you go
- disseminate minutes (if appropriate)
On the right hand side you will find links to useful information and resources to assist the running of effective meetings with your team during the bargaining process. | <urn:uuid:983e13a3-4a7a-42b8-b5b0-904b5695c266> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://dol.govt.nz/infozone/collectivebargaining/2-preparing-negotiation/meetings.asp | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368696383156/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516092623-00031-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.920451 | 368 | 2.484375 | 2 |
Description: Wise. Dara was a biblical descendant of Judah known for his wisdom.
An ancient descendant of Semitic people. Names are mainly used from the bible. They are mainly used by the Jewish and Christian communities, such as Izable and Abraham.
Gender: Darah is normally a girls name. | <urn:uuid:eac5a8df-0b85-4dc7-8468-11742310850b> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.gurgle.com/name/meaning/darah/4156 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368701459211/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516105059-00043-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.971821 | 63 | 2.546875 | 3 |
Desegregation: Key to Making Schools Work?
Guests on MSNBC's Up With Chris Hayes debated the advantages of desegregating schools in America. NYU professor Pedro Noguera brought up how schools in some communities are operating under de facto separate and unequal conditions when it comes to evaluating available resources and diverse student populations. The panel also discussed how students of all classes and colors typically thrive in racially mixed classrooms.
Watch Chris Hayes and his guests discuss this topic below:
Watch more at MSNBC. | <urn:uuid:ea7221ac-f611-4f38-adfb-c36db84f44ec> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.theroot.com/buzz/segregated-schools-still-us-issue | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368708142388/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516124222-00014-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.922037 | 103 | 2.5625 | 3 |
by Abdinur Mohamud
Sunday, February 03, 2013
Somalia is, on paper, a sovereign state. But for the past two decades, beset by endless civil strife, secessionism, and regionalism, it has been anything but. The international community has acted as a de-facto caretaker of Somali affairs in the absence of a credible central government, with troops from African states continuing to provide security assistance.
But this has begun to change. Last year, a new parliament was convened, ratifying a new constitution and electing Hassan Sheikh Mohamud as the first president of apermanent Somali government since the fall of the military government in 1991. And significantly, the recent visit to the United States by President Mohamud secured the much coveted recognition of the U.S. government.
With the official recognition of the Obama administration, many Somalis remainoptimistic that Somalia can be represented by a single national entity that has the confidence of its public and represents the interests of its constituents equally. Somali observers rejoiced on the utterance of the words “sovereign” and “Somalia” in the same sentence by outgoing U.S. Secretary of State Hilary Rodham Clinton.
On January 17, Clinton officially declared U.S. recognition of Somalia as a sovereign and equal partner. Restoring bilateral relations between the two states for the first time in two decades, Clinton flanked Mohamud and effectively turned a new page on U.S.-Somalia relations, leaving behind an ineffective “dual-track” policy that had threatened to balkanize Somalia along ethnic and regional lines. This swift policy change, resulting from steady political progress in Somalia, undeniably uplifted the dampened spirit of the Somali populace and is largely seen as a gesture of goodwill on the part of the United States. Backers of the Somali central government hope the gesture will be echoed by the United Kingdom, as well as former colonial powers.
An End to Business as Usual
With recognition comes responsibility for both the United States and Somalia. For the United States, dealings with Somalia cannot remain business as usual.
For the first time in 20 years, the U.S. government will now have to consult on all its affairs in Somalia with the legitimately elected and recognized Somali government, especially regarding America’s ongoing campaign against al-Shabaab. This means that the dreaded unmanned drones and spy warplanes that have hovered over Somali air space with impunity, as well as covert U.S. ground operations, must be brought to account and approved by the Somali government.
Only an agreement based on an honest accounting of U.S. operations in the country can safeguard the lives of innocent citizens and blunt the impact of ongoing night raids on the psyche of an already terrorized society. Other bilateral agreements may concern securing safe passage for international shipping vessels on the Somali coast, as well as collaboration on the re-development of coastal communities to resume their once prosperous fishing industries, thus eradicating piracy and other criminal activities from the area.
Lastly, the resumption of diplomatic exchange between Washington and Mogadishu should allow both the United States and Somalia to reclaim their respective abandoned properties in Mogadishu and Washington. This symbolic act will encourage the estimated 200,000 Somali-Americans living in the United States who aspire to travel, invest, and do business in both countries.
It should be abundantly clear that recognition from Western headquarters alone will not be sufficient to salvage Somalia from its prolonged failed state status. It must immediately be followed by credible and measurable progress on all fronts. These fronts include, first and foremost, progress in the security sector and the restoration of a viable national army, police, and coast guard to protect and safeguard national borders and coastal areas. Sovereign states, the Somali government must be reminded, are not protected by foreign armies.
Next, the government must initiate an ongoing dialogue with all Somalis, particularly with self-governing entities such as Somaliland and Puntland, with the possibility of exchanging high-level delegations to bring them closer together. Similarly, the Somali parliament needs to establish clear guidelines for the establishment of viable and ethnically diverse regions with full access to the sea. These regions should be limited in number, with the aim of developing diverse regions that are politically and economically viable.
In addition, Somali’s corrupt reputation should be countered with the adoption of strict ethics and good-government laws, a merit system to ensure the recruitment of qualified individuals who are fairly compensated, and the adjudication of all violations of ethical rules and standards in public service. President Mohamud should begin by requiring every member of his government to abide by the tenets of Somali constitution.
Finally, the Somali government must outgrow the capital city and its environs and become visible throughout the country. Fair and transparent guidelines establishing decentralized regional governments and local administrative authorities must be established to reduce claims and counter claims of local authorities. Rebuilding national infrastructure and institutions of good-governance will assure the international community that Somalia is indeed a sovereign entity in both word and in deed.
A Looming Threat to Sovereignty
Despite Somalia’s impressive strides, if there are no visible signs of progress in the areas described above, Somalia may slowly slip back into a failed-state status, regardless of who recognizes it. The threat to Somalia’s sovereignty looms large, and it mostly comes from within Somalia rather than from without. Expertscontinue to debate whether the U.S. recognition of Somalia will matter that much given the realities on the ground.
After 20 years of lawlessness, the proliferation of an unregulated private sectorthreatens the development of a viable public sector for the country. Successive Somali governments, including the current one, seem to be reluctant to establish strong rules and regulations for the blossoming private sector. The government appears unable or unwilling to counter the narrative promoted by the self-serving businesses and NGOs based in Nairobi that the Somali public sector is too dysfunctional to engage in meaningful business transactions.
Sprawling private-sector industries include but are not limited to the airline industry, telecommunications, banks and remittance organizations, universities, hospitals and health clinics, and local schools. A nascent yet flourishing real estate industry is tapping into the financial largesse of those returning from the Diaspora promising huge returns on investments thanks to the unregulated Somali economy.
The Somali government must not shy away from promoting the establishment of a strong public sector alongside a well regulated private sector if Somalia is to create an economy suitable for a functioning sovereign state.
The U.S. recognition of Somalia elevates Somalia’s potential to move away from its failed-state status of the past two decades, but Somalia must play the part of a sovereign state to affirm its sovereignty and territorial integrity. | <urn:uuid:015c66a8-25b8-4263-a47f-7152dbd2297b> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.hiiraan.com/op4/2013/feb/27967/affirming_somali_sovereignty.aspx | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368708142388/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516124222-00010-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.940582 | 1,390 | 2.25 | 2 |
What are the benefits of Joint Remedy Plus?
Boswellia Serrata has been used as a traditional herbal medicine in India and African countries for the treatment of a variety of diseases. The Boswellia Tree grows in India and the tree gum resins are extracted to make the herb Boswellia Serrata AKA Indian Frankincense. It is known as a beneficial herb in helping inflammation and joint health. Boswellia Serrata has also show benefit in the treatment of colitis, crohns and asthma. The Boswellia acids have been shown to block the synthesis of pro inflammatory 5-lipozygenase products. | <urn:uuid:52050b54-2a99-4a61-82ee-514fbf23bce7> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://earthwiseremedies.com/article/ingredient-spotlight-boswellia-serrata/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368704392896/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516113952-00047-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.938354 | 133 | 2 | 2 |
Once the recession ends, anyone who thinks everything will
simply go back to how it was before is foolishly naive.
It will take a long time to rebuild the world economy – and
it will be a different economy from the one that existed before 2007.
For one thing, it will be in different places. Factories and
businesses that remained in Europe and America out of sheer inertia have now closed.
When they are reopened, or replaced, entrepreneurs will have the opportunity to
consider the question of location from first principles.
Ignore the media caricature of greedy globalists setting up
sweatshops in the “Third World” solely out of a desire to keep wages low.
Technology has an increasing competitive advantage over old-fashioned mass
production. Entrepreneurs understand that skilled labour is more important than
cheap labour. Skilled labour is also increasingly mobile. As a result, the wage
differential is not as pronounced as it was, and is set to decrease even more
rapidly if developing countries recover better than the developed.
Entrepreneurs stuck in the “cheap labour” mindset will soon
find themselves relics of the past.
The real reasons why it may be better to locate a new or
rebuilt business in the Third World are also the reasons why the Third World
will come back faster and stronger then the West: -
labour. Westerners used to comfort themselves with the line that “Their
labour may be cheaper but our labour is the more skilled”. That is no longer
true. Most Asian countries, and even some African countries, have primary and
secondary education superior to that in many Western countries: they put
British and American schools, in particular, to shame. While few Third World
universities have the money for research that is available to the big names in
the West, they have invested in good vocational courses. As a result, workforces
in developing countries are often better educated, and therefore more skilled.
2 The “on costs”. It is not just a
question of wages. In the West there are also additional costs of labour that
do not go directly to the employees: payroll taxes, compulsory health and
pension contributions, etc.
3 The “costs of compliance”. Few
entrepreneurs object to necessary environmental protection or safety regulations,
but regulation in the West goes far beyond what it is reasonable. The costs of
complying with regulations are now a substantial factor.
4 The hassle factor. In addition to the
direct financial costs, the inconvenience of complying with well-meant but
intrusive employment laws is a major distraction from making a business work.
No one goes into business to waste their time complying with rules that achieve
nothing other than acting as a tax on the business, or contesting vexatious
litigation from a less than useful ex-employee who feels sore about being fired.
It’s not just the cost that’s demotivating, but the sheer aggro too.
5 The deficit dilemma. Western governments
kept borrowing while Third World states were forced to be frugal. As a result,
the former will come out of the recession burdened with huge deficits which
will put them at a competitive disadvantage to the latter. In particular,
businesses based in the USA and the UK will be paying higher taxes for many
years to come to fund the panic measures of the last few months.
As with businesses, so with nations: the end of this
recession will see the rising and falling of many. | <urn:uuid:79822ca5-9583-4bcb-a102-388c94296937> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.myobpod.com/blog/post/5-REASONS-TO-LOCATE-IN-THE-3RD-WORLD.aspx | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368703682988/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516112802-00003-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.948598 | 756 | 2.25 | 2 |
The Master of Education in Curriculum and Instruction: Reading with an Emphasis in Elementary Education is designed for licensed K-8 educators who want to focus on elementary literacy strategies in order to improve the reading abilities of their students. Some individuals who pursue this curriculum and instruction master‛s program are interested in becoming a reading coach or a reading intervention specialist.
Students in this program learn to apply theory and educational best practices to the delivery of curriculum, instruction and assessment in order to improve the reading abilities and reading comprehension of their students. The curriculum and instruction master‛s courses are aligned to the International Reading Association standards.
Students are provided with the foundation needed to diagnose and assess reading deficiencies and corrective reading strategies. Students will also learn how to develop and implement corrective reading plans and analyze the results. Past trends and the evolution of reading instruction are also explored. Other topics of focus include: foundational theory and research, children and young adult literature, developmental learning and assessments, corrective reading assessment, and instructional leadership and literacy coaching. In addition, there is a focus on elementary reading and writing and a study on the use of textbooks, trade books, literature and electronic texts that are relevant in every elementary content area. Students also learn how to use the various genres and delivery methods (paper and digital) to meet literacy goals.
An Elementary Practicum is included in this curriculum and instruction master‛s program, which provides an in-depth study of the International Reading Association (IRA) Standards by examining research-based approaches linking assessment and instruction for elementary teachers. Teachers learn to use a wide range of formal and informal assessment tools and methods to diagnose and assess reading and writing development, instruction and assessment.
Geared toward individuals who are already licensed as teachers, this curriculum and instruction master‛s program does not lead to licensure but may lead to career advancement. Program applicants must submit a copy of a current teaching license or provide evidence of a minimum of one year of teaching experience. In addition, it is essential for students to have access to a K-12 classroom to complete the program assignments.
* Please refer to the Academic Catalog for more information. Program subject to change. | <urn:uuid:5a1e44ba-a700-4d7d-9a06-0aa57f00c483> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.gcu.edu/degree-programs/master-of-education-in-curriculum-and-instruction-reading-with-emphasis-in-elementary-education | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368699273641/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516101433-00060-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.947847 | 441 | 2.828125 | 3 |
Written by PETA
On a hot Labor Day weekend, Los Angeles–area
residents showed their warm hearts by turning out in droves to speak out
against notorious elephant abuser Have Trunk Will Travel's (HTWT)
elephant rides at the L.A. County Fair. Then, as the first demonstration was wrapping
up, another wave of people came to
protest, so fairgoers were treated to back-to-back demonstrations.
Standing outside a busy entrance and screening
undercover footage that shows
HTWT trainers as they strike and shock elephants,
demonstrators received honks and waves of support from passing cars and handed
out almost 3,000 leaflets to interested fairgoers. Because of the overwhelmingly
positive response, chances are good that the elephants gave far fewer bullhook-prodded
And we're not about to ease the pressure
on HTWT or the L.A. County Fair—PETA has secured a demonstration spot near an
entry gate to the fair for the rest of the month. As long as HTWT is trying to
make a buck off elephant suffering, animal advocates will be out in force convincing
fairgoers that their money is better spent on the Ferris wheel.
It's not too late for you to tell the L.A. County Fair to send
cruelty to animals packing.
Written by Michelle Sherrow
you have a general question for PETA and would like a response, please e-mail Info@peta.org. If you need to report cruelty to
an animal, please click
here. If you are reporting an animal in imminent danger and know where to find the
animal and if the abuse is taking place right now, please call your local
police department. If the police are unresponsive, please call PETA
immediately at 757-622-7382 and press 2.
Follow PETA on Twitter!
Almost all of us grew up eating meat, wearing leather, and going to circuses and zoos. We never considered the impact of these actions on the animals involved. For whatever reason, you are now asking the question: Why should animals have rights? Read more. | <urn:uuid:78ea64da-ade7-4382-93d2-1d06f3be1cb9> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://origin.www.peta.org/b/thepetafiles/archive/2011/09/06/l-a-residents-unite-against-elephant-abuse.aspx | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368701459211/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516105059-00017-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.952552 | 453 | 1.554688 | 2 |
Melbourne Park tennis de Triomphe
ONE of the good things about musketeers, apart from all that swashbuckling, is that their numbers are so flexible. Traditionally, they are three, as in the Dumas novel, but, adapted to circumstances, they have been as few as two and as many as five or six. When they all are for one, it makes for a formidable force.
In tennis, this is important. French tennis musketeers tend to come in greater lots than can be made to fit into a book title. In the 1920s and '30s, there were four, and between them they won six Davis Cups in a row, six Wimbledons in a row, not to mention their home championship eight times consecutively.
Later, there were Noah and Leconte, later Forget and Pioline, then a quadruple: Grosjean, Clement, Santoro and Escude. Nicolas Escude was not a household name, but he did lead France to a famous Davis Cup win at Melbourne Park in 2001, on a grasscourt absurdly laid over the regular hardcourt.
The French have been consistently good at tennis, but also conspicuously lacking in spoils. Noah's victory at Roland Garros in 1983 was the last for a Frenchman in a major championship. There have been Davis Cup triumphs, but at long intervals.
Latterly, there has been a boom in French musketeers. At the end of last year, there were 13 Frenchmen in the top 100, 13 also in the main draw here. Only Spain, also with 13 in the top 100, could compare; Australia, with two, could not.
Six French men set out for the third round yesterday, and at least three made it. One Australian man, the last, set out, and went out beaten by a Frenchman.
There is no single apparent reason for his Gallic surge. Certainly, the Government invests heavily in tennis a British official estimated last year that his country's spending on tennis was 10 years behind France's but other countries spend lavishly, too. The French coterie are not from any one place, nor of one style, disposition or colour. Most were French-born, but the parents of Gael Monfils, for instance, come from Guadeloupe and Martinique in the West Indies.
Their ages range widely. Monfils is 22, Jo-Wilfried Tsonga 23 and Gilles Simon, the new rising star, 24, but three are in their 30s, including Clement, runner-up here to Andre Agassi in 2001, and Fabrice Santoro, at 36 the oldest man in the tournament. Clement took his bow yesterday, but creaky old Santoro lives on. The odd man out is Sebastien De Chaunac, a plodder who is 31, but has never won back-to-back matches on the senior circuit. He played James Blake last night.
The French share a cameraderie, most listing compatriots as their closest friends and influences. But inevitably in such a crowd, they get in one another's way. Richard Gasquet, long considered the Frenchman most likely, curtailed the Australian Open preparations of Tsonga in Brisbane and Simon in Sydney. Yesterday, Gasquet made that form good with a thumping of Denis Istommin, from Uzbekistan, on an outside court. The two most intriguing are Simon and Monfils. Simon emerged as a top-10 player unexpectedly last season, which included victories over Federer, Nadal and Djokovic; he is one of few players on the circuit with a winning record against Federer, and a recent victory over Rafael Nadal.
His nickname is Poussin, effectively "Shorty", which might explain why he was too long overlooked. Yesterday, in a half-empty Rod Laver arena, he gave Guccione a master-class. Repeatedly, inexorably, Guccione charged the net, only for the Frenchman to pass him with a rapier cross-court forehand or else lob him. It is a long way up and over Guccione, but Simon's touch was deft. Time and time again, it left the lanky Australian a figure of stone at the net, as much a spectator to his own demise as the woman beneath the sombrero in the second row. The Jankovic-like blemish on Simon's record is that although he is ranked No. 8 in the world, he has never proceeded beyond the third round of a major. Now he has a chance.
Monfils is familiar from others years, exotic, extravagant, but flaky. This year, he has a new guise; he still cuts a striking figure with his muscle shirt and flying dreadlocks, but he is playing a cut-down game, less eye-catching, but more reliable. To some extent, this would have been forced upon him yesterday by Stephan Koubek, an Austrian who once had pretensions himself, but at 32 is cast in the role of keeping the stars honest. Monfils might have lost one set, and did, but not three. En route to Melbourne, Monfils beat Nadal in Doha; he is a man on the move.
In one sense, Monfils characterises what fans dislike about the new French generation in that he has been leeched of flair. They remember the charismatic Noah, and Leconte, who once held up a match a Wimbledon so that he could lift a butterfly from the service line on his fingertip and deposit it in a courtside flowerbox. But those days are gone for all. Besides, there is about this wave enough "je ne sais quoi" to keep most happy.
Now things become tricky. Simon, Gasquet and Monfils are in the same quarter of the draw, which might be called the French quarter except that it is also Nadal's. Tsonga assailed by the veteran Ivan Ljubicic last night is in that half. More closely than they would have preferred, the Frenchmen are in this together; in the spirit of musketeers, all for one and one for all.
send photos, videos & tip-offs to 0406 THE AGE (0406 843 243), or us. | <urn:uuid:a82d3d1f-9a20-4c15-893a-e8b65b4779f6> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.theage.com.au/news/sport/tennis/melbourne-park-tennis-de-triomphe/2009/01/22/1232471497923.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368699273641/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516101433-00075-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.974908 | 1,309 | 1.796875 | 2 |
Sometimes all it takes is a single document, a single word, to provide the key to breaking down a brick wall that has stood firm to all assaults. This week I made progress on one of my very first brick walls that has haunted me since I started researching my family history. This wall was my 2nd great grandfather, the Conrad from Denmark.
My very first step into genealogy was through the Danish census database, the Dansk Demografisk Database (DDD) at http://www.ddd.dda.dk/. After finding my great grandfather Christian Andreas Conrad listed in St Croix I could not locate his father. I found his mother and grandmother, but his father never appeared in a census. I made no progress at all finding him until last October when I posted an article (I Found My Great-Great Grandfather) about the discovery of a reference to him in one of my great grandfather's siblings’ baptismal record (excerpt shown above). It simply said that his name was C. A. Conrad and gave his age which put his date of birth about 1802, and his occupation as a merchant. In Treasures from Mom’s House, I posted a picture of an older man which said on the back: A. C. Conrad. Since first and middle names were often flipped, and there were no other known candidates, I surmised that this was a picture of my 2nd great grandfather, and that his name was probably Christian Andreas Conrad, the same as his son.
Then nothing. I searched the Matriculs, the St. Croix land and house tax records. No reference to a Conrad that I have found so far. So he didn’t own property there. The house my great grandfather and his family lived in was owned by my 2nd great grandmother, passed to her by her father (Frederich Christian Andersen, another brick wall). I looked through the church records and found a few references, but they all just said “C. A. Conrad”. I found voter lists for 1854-1870 which sometimes recorded him as eligible to vote, but always as C. A. Conrad. I couldn’t figure out where he lived or where he was born or even be sure of his name.
I thought about the possibilities of him living elsewhere, maybe on St. Thomas, and his family living on St. Croix. So I searched the St Thomas censuses for 1850 and 1855 since he had several children during this time. No luck. I looked in towns and in the country, but could find no reference. While my previous finds told me he existed (no real surprise there), and gave me a couple of particulars, there was nothing to tell me how to move back at all.
Then this week I made a critical discovery. One of the sets of documents posted last week by Ancestry.com (New Virgin Islands Records on Ancestry.com) was a register of “Burgherbriefs”. A burgherbrief was sort of a combination citizenship/business license that was granted to some citizens of the islands. While I don’t fully understand the implications, someone with such a brief was a “Burgher”, entitled to operate a business, to serve on the Burgher Council (sort of like city council), and the right to vote for these members. There were residency requirements to obtain a Burgherbrief, although I’m not clear how firm these were, and the process involved oaths of fealty to the King of Denmark. These were issued to both foreign born and local born citizens. Initially only men were Burghers, and there were relatively few in comparison to the whole population. Mr. Conrad was one of these men.
This is a section of the page showing that a Burgherbrief was issued on 9 May 1846 to one Chr. And. Conrad, a Skipper from Flensburg. The entry in the last column indicates whether the person previously held a burgherbrief. It says “jah Flen” meaning that he had previously been a Burgher in Flensburg. So, I see that Christian Andreas is very likely his name, that he was a Skipper or Captain and that he was born in Flensburg. So time for a little research.
What is Flensburg you may ask. I did. Turns out Flensburg is a city in Germany, right below the Danish-German border in the region known as Schleswig-Holstein. Actually it is in Schleswig. Before it was part of Germany Schleswig and Holstein were in Prussia. Prussia got it in 1864 from Denmark. So in 1802 when C. Conrad was born, Flensburg was a Danish city. A quick trip to Wikipedia (where everything is true) told me that Flensburg was a major shipping city in the late 18th and early 19th centuries and had major economic growth as a result of trading with the Danish West Indies, buying sugar cane and producing rum. It would appear that C. Conrad was involved with this trade. If this is so, it is perfectly reasonable that he could have spent considerable time on and off-island, maintaining a home in both Flensburg and a family in St Croix.
So, I had a place to look. Unfortunately, German records are very difficult to obtain, and few Flensburg records have been filmed. Danish records are far easier. But then Flensburg was part of Denmark, wasn’t it? So I went back to the DDD and looked for any census records for Flensburg. There was one from 1803 and another from 1845. Conrad was a very uncommon surname in Denmark at the time (although it was a very common given name). I found only a couple Conrad families. This one looked the best.
On the 5th line is an entry for a Christian Andresen Conrad, age 1, who would have been born in 1802. While not exactly the same, this is a derivative work so it is a transcription (and possibly not fully accurate) and names are notoriously variable. Interestingly, the Flensburg census is in German, not Danish. It shows his father, Johann Michel Conrad, his mother, Maria Christiansen, and that Johann was a mason. The area of Flensburg was called Süderhohlweg.
While this was compelling, I would have preferred that it was a closer match. Then I went on and found this in the 1845 census
This is the home of Christian Andreas Conrad (can’t ask for a better match). I see that he is a Schiffer (Skipper) and that he was born in 1802, and that he was born in Süderhohlweg. This is the same person as the child in 1803. It also matches the information I have from the Burgherbrief. This has to be my man.
Then the real news. In 1845 he is listed with his wife and 3 children. Ten years later, he begins having children in St Croix with Sophia Andersen, although he never marries her. Was Anna Maria Nielsen (listed as his wife in 1845) still alive? Were there any more children? Christian had children in St Croix in 1854, 1856, 1858, and 1861. His youngest child in Flensburg would have only been 12 when his oldest in St Croix was born. Not exactly old enough to move out on her own. Did he actually maintain two families?
My guess is that he did. It was very common for seafarers to maintain a family at home and another in the islands. Since they spent considerable time in each place, there would be long periods of absence and long periods of residence. Of course, this is only a guess.
Anyway, that little word “Flensburg” was the missing link I needed to hop the Atlantic, find two census entries, and add another generation to the Conrad line. One brick down.
Oh, and on my other wall, Frederich Andersen, I found his 1837 burgherbrief. He was from Copenhagen. I guessed that he was probably born around 1790, but it was a flimsy guess. Andersen is a common name, but I only found one Frederich Andersen in Copenhagen (nothing else even close over many years) and that was in the 1787 census. He was 1. His father was a ship’s carpenter. So … maybe. | <urn:uuid:2ab1d0a0-a8a3-4fa8-bf97-dce7ed8598b2> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://200inparadise.blogspot.com/2012/05/burgherbrief-brings-down-brick-wall.html?showComment=1337134418204 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368703682988/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516112802-00074-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.988909 | 1,772 | 1.765625 | 2 |
Volume 35, Number 6, June 2000
Patent Pending for Flour Citys Wireless Energy Transfer System
A system that will eliminate the network of wires currently used by photovoltaic panels (PV) to capture and transfer electricity is being developed by Flour City International Inc. with assistance from Hong Kong University. John W. Tang, Flour Citys chairman and chief executive officer, said the group has been working to develop a curtainwall system that integrates solar PV panels into the various materials used in the design of curtainwall systems. The patented, wireless system will reduce the cost of maintaining and trouble shooting potential PV problems because no wire is directly connected to the PV panel.
According to Tang, The ability to integrate PV panels into the curtainwall of newly constructed buildings is an innovative solution for reducing the overall consumption of electricity as buildings not only generate their own electrical power, but can feed excess electricity back to the power companies.
Smart Window Technology Licensed to ThermoView Industries
Research Frontiers, based in Woodbury, N.Y., has granted a worldwide (excluding Korea) non-exclusive license to ThermoView Industries Inc. of Louisville, Ky., to manufacture and distribute SPD smart windows. We have been very favorably impressed with the speed and efficiency with which ThermoView has expanded its business, said Robert L. Saxe, chairman and chief executive officer of Research Frontiers. We look forward to working with them to facilitate the production and wide distribution of SPD smart windows.
Smart windows use Research Frontiers patented SPD light-control technology, a film controlled either automatically by a sensing device, or manually by the user. According to the company, smart windows enable users to control lighting without the use of shades, blinds, or curtains.
Continuous Melt Milestone for NIF
and Two Glass Vendors
Laurence Livermore National Laboratorys National Ignition Facility (NIF) in cooperation with Schott Glass Technologies of Duryea, Pa., demonstrated successfully a process to ensure continuous production of economical, high-optical quality neodymium-doped phosphate laser glass. Schott has produced more than 250 of the NIFs meter-sized glass slabs.
This is truly a significant achievement, said Ed Moses, project manager of the NIF. Obtaining quality glass was one of the top technological and manufacturing issues our project faced. This achievement demonstrates that the NIFs remaining challenges are rapidly being solved.
The Hoya Corp. of Fremont, Calif., began similar operations in May.
AAPC Plans to Sell VinylSource Facility
American Architectural Products Corporation (AAPC) recently relocated its headquarters from Boardman, Ohio, to new facilities near Miami. The company subsequently announced its intention to sell its VinylSource Extrusion facility in Austintown, Ohio.
The sale of VinylSource conforms to the companys plan to divest non-core assets and to focus on core business and distribution strategies, said Frank Amedia, president and CEO of AAPC. The sale is further intended to enhance the liquidity of the company.
© Copyright 2000 Key Communications Inc. All rights reserved. No reproduction of any type without expressed written permission. | <urn:uuid:9a2a2522-33f4-4846-a422-e611757954a6> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.usglassmag.com/USGlass/2000/0006/0006companynews.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368702448584/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516110728-00039-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.931558 | 653 | 1.65625 | 2 |
The more things change … well, that’s it, isn’t it? Things do change, no matter how fervently Lord Grantham and fans of “Downton Abbey” may wish otherwise.
The third season of the justifiably popular British import, created and written by Julian Fellowes, comes to PBS on Jan. 6 with the first of seven new episodes set in 1920.
It is the dawn of a new age, not only for the residents of Downton Abbey, upstairs as well as downstairs, but for England as well. The Great War is over, and society is changing. Women are getting their hair bobbed and wearing their dresses shorter — well, the younger ones anyway: certainly not the Dowager Countess (Maggie Smith).
The war has taken an economic toll on the nation, and that includes the Crawley family. For generations, the Crawleys have depended on their tenant farmers for income, and the present Lord Grantham (Hugh Bonneville) was able to realize a cash infusion by marrying Cora (Elizabeth McGovern), an American heiress.
But at every turn, the old ways are being forced to give way to the new. Eldest daughter Mary (Michelle Dockery) is getting ready to marry third-cousin-once-removed Matthew Crawley (Dan Stevens), but her father is worrying that the family may have to sell the abbey itself unless some financial solution can be found.
Perhaps that solution might be found by hitting up Cora’s visiting mother, Martha Levinson (Shirley MacLaine), a cross between Dolly Gallagher Levi and Molly Brown, who swans into the Abbey with her rough-hewn ways and a forthrightness that adds an extra inch to the Dowager’s frequently raised eyebrow.
All of this makes for one delight-filled episode after another – very much in spite of weaknesses in the script.
In the past, it’s been easy to overlook other issues, such as the similarities not only between “Downton” and the Robert Altman film “Gosford Park,” whose script was also crafted by Fellowes, but between “Downton” and “Upstairs Downstairs” as well. It would be less easy to overlook the flaws in the scripts for season 3 of “Downton,” were it not for the fact that we already know and love the major characters so well.
But if we allow ourselves some distance, Fellowes gets lazy, particularly in the early episodes of the third season, by occasionally advancing the plot at the expense of characterization.
Characters demonstrate questionable inconsistency. Are a particular husband and wife truly devoted to each other and part of an indestructible partnership, or is the wife becoming a bit of a shrew? Is the Dowager a tolerant modernist or a rock-ribbed traditionalist?
On the one hand, our love of the characters makes it more than possible to overlook the sloppiness of the scripts. On the other, though, it’s because we do know these characters so well that we notice the inconsistencies in the way they act in the first place.
Again, none of this detracts significantly from our enjoyment of the series. But since it’s just been renewed for a fourth season, perhaps Fellowes can take more time with future scripts to let events play out more realistically and treat his characters with the respect they’ve earned by virtue of how well they were crafted in the first place. | <urn:uuid:abc075cc-0c7c-4f3f-91be-fc2f93d6677a> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.kansas.com/2012/12/29/2618768/downton-abbey-delights-in-spite.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368703298047/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516112138-00005-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.96975 | 744 | 1.539063 | 2 |
PC disposal: recycle or build for durability?
Noxious rules for noxious waste
Substantial recent coverage of yet two further EU Directives, this time on disposal of computer waste, draws attention to the amount of noxious materials, metals and plastics, which constitute the inner workings of PCs. The directives come into operation in 2005, writes Bob McDowall of Bloor Research
Briefly, one of the directives, the so-called Waste Electrical & Electronic Equipment Directive (affectionately known as WEEE) places the burden for disposal or recycling PCs sold before the implementation deadline of mid 2005 on the manufacturer.
After that date the responsibility for disposal will rest with the purchaser and manufacturer. This will entail manufacturers maintaining a central register of all equipment sold. They will seemingly pay for disposal based on market share. Disposal of this hazardous waste will probably be conducted by public and private waste disposal organisations. They will collect and dispose on behalf of the manufacturers.
The second directive, Restriction of Hazardous Substance Directive (RoHS), prohibits new electrical and electronic equipment containing more than a maximum level of specified chemicals. This comes into effect in 2006.
Clearly compliance with these directives will increase the costs of PCs and other technology hardware whose constituent parts are covered by the directives. There is now an understandable interest in environmental interests by manufacturers.
Professional commentators predict upsurge in purchase of equipment before the directive deadlines; the consequence of extending the life cycle of PCs; more effective cannibalising of parts. Logistics focused on registration, management and disposal of equipment will become a growth business.
How likely is it that PC manufactures will seek to actively encourage extension of the lifecycles of PCs? Making upgrading easier and cost effective, less frequent introduction of new models, introduction of less noxious plastic coatings and casing to the machines would be a practical step.
Creating better central markets in the constituent replacement parts and parts for upgrade and encouraging distribution channels to do the same through economic incentives would be effective longer term steps to discourage disposal and recycling.
Research plays a part in finding more ideal solutions. Effective compression technology will reduce the volume of the problem as well as helping to extend life cycles of PCs. Commercial introduction of synthetic non-toxic substitutes for hazardous chemical and metal constituents of the working parts would provide the ideal solution to render the Directives unnecessary. | <urn:uuid:d4486251-2fec-4edc-9549-2070faf75999> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.theregister.co.uk/2004/02/11/pc_disposal_recycle_or_build/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368699273641/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516101433-00065-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.930336 | 478 | 2.546875 | 3 |
---- — This week will be a potpourri of things you need to know for this time of the year.
During the last two weeks, I had many people come into the store with houseplant problems. The problem concerns insects on the houseplants. In most cases, the plants had been outside last summer and then were brought back into the house. While outside, they were exposed to many insects, but natural predators kept the insects in check. Once the plants were inside, the insect population began to grow due to the lack of natural predators. At this point, an application of an insecticide will get the insects under control. Depending on the type of insect, you may find that using a systemic insecticide may be your best bet.
Most of your houseplants will soon go into a period of new growth. Some will need to move up to a larger size pot. If you are not sure whether or not to repot your houseplants, take a few moments to do a quick test. Slide the pot off the root ball of the plant and then look at the roots. If the roots are white along the outer edge of the soil, then the plant doesn’t need to be repotted. If the roots along the outer edge are brown, then it is time to repot.
If the plant needs to be repotted, you will need to measure the size of the pot across the top. You want to increase its size by one to two inches in diameter. If the plant is in a small pot, say 4 inches across the top, then you want to use a 5-inch pot when repotting. If the plant is in an 8-inch or larger pot, then you want to use a pot that is 2 inches larger.
Some people will make the mistake of moving the plant from, say, a 4-inch to an 8-inch pot. People usually do this because they think it will allow the plant more room to grow. The problem is that all that extra soil around the root ball stays wet until the roots move out and fill that extra soil. Overly wet soil will lead to the death of the roots. When moving houseplants to a larger pot, moving them up to a slightly larger pot is always the best way to go.
We have experienced some tremendously strong winds during the last few weeks. These winds may have caused some damage to the trees and shrubs in your yard. You should take a few moments to go outside and inspect this area. If branches have been damaged, you may need to do some pruning to remove them. If the damage is not taken care of soon, there is the potential for more damage to strike those plants during the next windy period we get this winter.
Well, that’s all for this week. I’ll talk to you again next week.
Tim Lamprey is the owner of Harbor Garden Center on Route 1 in Salisbury. His website is www.Harborgardens.com. Do you have questions for Tim? Send them to firstname.lastname@example.org, and he will answer them in upcoming columns. | <urn:uuid:6df255a6-1e21-4de8-a4d9-569b99a8465e> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.newburyportnews.com/lifestyle/x730439527/Tims-Tips-When-re-potting-a-plant-measure-correctly/print | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368703682988/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516112802-00001-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.966623 | 646 | 2.859375 | 3 |
I Wonder Why ... ?
Why doesn't that part of Washington belong to Canada?
There’s a tiny part of Washington state that is so remote you have to cross an international border twice to get there.Isolated, surrounded by water and Canadians … why did Point Roberts become a part of Washington and not Canada?Read more on 'I Wonder Why ... ?'
Why are Seattleites averse to stepping out in style?
Do most of the clothes in your closet range from hiking fleece to dress fleece, or some variations of plaid and jeans?That’s probably what has fueled Seattle’s reputation as an unfashionable city.Overdressing – something that’s just not possible in many American cities – can become a sort of phobia.Read more on I Wonder Why ... ?
How did the 'City of Destiny' lose out to Seattle?
(This is the second installment of a 2-part series about Tacoma’s designation as the City of Destiny.)Why didn’t Tacoma become the premiere city on Puget Sound? How did the City of Destiny lose out to Seattle?Back in 1873, it looked like Tacoma would be graced with fame and fortune when the city beat out Seattle to become the terminus for the Northern Pacific Railroad.Read more on "I Wonder Why ... ?"
Why Tacoma owes its slogan to a ‘crazy person’
Tacoma has been known as the “City of Destiny” for more than 140 years.And while the city’s slogan is unique because it has lasted for so long (when was the last time you heard Seattle referred to as “Jet City?”), it also comes from a 19 Century “crazy person” who was a relentless promoter of Tacoma.Read more on I Wonder Why ... ?
Why does Seattle have so few kids and so many dogs?
Here’s an odd fact: Seattle’s dog population is estimated to be around 140,000 and climbing. The number of kids? … 93,000 and dropping.Seattle’s not such a bad place to raise kids, but based on the 2010 census, roughly 15 percent of our population is 18 or younger. And, when you compare Seattle to Boston, New York City or Chicago our share of little ones looks pretty paltry.In fact, Seattle is neck and neck with San Francisco, which has the lowest population of children of all major U.S....
Why is "Louie Louie" Washington's theme song?
In the 1980’s, the Washington State Legislature considered making it the official state song. The measure failed, but “Louie Louie” is still listed on government websites as the “unofficial” state rock song.Sure it’s got a good beat and it’s easy to dance to, but is a song about a Jamaican sailor longing for his girl really the best tune to represent Washington State?How did this classic party song become so much a part of our cultural DNA, anyway?Read More on "I Wonder Why ... ?"
I Wonder Why ... Reaction to 'Why is Seattle such a...
Race can be a volatile subject.Still, judging from the reaction to a recent "I Wonder Why ... ?" story, it’s something people are eager to talk about.Charla Bear’s story explored why Seattle is one of the whitest big cities in the country, whiter than such places as Denver, Oklahoma City, even Minneapolis.The response to the report was overwhelming.Read more on "I Wonder Why ... ?"
Why are there so many serial killers in the Northwest?
From Ted Bundy to Gary Ridgway, some of the most notorious murderers in our nation’s history committed their crimes in the Northwest.While we may not have the most serial killers, we’ve certainly got that reputation. And that got us to wondering: Why are there so many serial killers in the Northwest?Read the story on "I Wonder Why ...?"
Why are we such gear freaks in the NW?
In the Pacific Northwest, we know that yoga pants, polar fleece and hiking shoes are great for grocery shopping. But when we head into the great outdoors, we love to pile on the high-tech gear.Sure, the weather here demands a certain level of protection from the elements. But what is it that compels people in the Pacific Northwest to want every piece of equipment out there?Read more on I Wonder Why ... ?
Why did blackberry brambles become such a NW problem?
“It just doesn’t like to stop. It’s very tenacious.”If you have property in the Pacific Northwest, there’s one plant you’ve most likely encountered … and battled – The Himalayan Blackberry.It’s enemy No.1 in the Northwest. So, where did this plant come from and why did it become such a pervasive pain in the garden?Read more on I Wonder Why...?
Why can't you see the animals at Woodland Park Zoo?
Have you ever been to Seattle’s Woodland Park Zoo and had a difficult time seeing the animals through all of the trees and plants? Well, it’s supposed to be that way. It’s all by design.The naturalistic animal exhibit was born in Seattle at Woodland Park Zoo nearly 30 years ago.Read more on I Wonder Why ... ?
What's with all of the totem poles in Washington?
With all the totem poles in Washington State, it might surprise you to know the cedar monument isn’t from this region.Though some local tribes now carve them, they didn’t originally.In fact, the first one here was pilfered from another state.Read More on I Wonder Why ... ?
Why is the 'Boeing Bust' still with us?
Maybe you’ve heard the line, "Will the last person leaving Seattle turn out the lights." That well-worn phrase came from a billboard in 1971 as the Boeing Company stalled and then fell into a tailspin.And while the "Boeing Bust" happened a long time ago, that economic slump, almost as much as the most recent one, is still a part of our collective consciousness.Why does it still resonate all these years later?Read more on I Wonder Why ... ?
Why the Alaskan fishing fleet is based in Seattle
On the reality TV show “The Deadliest Catch,” you see the crew of the Northwestern enduring storms and other dangers while crab fishing in the Bering Sea in the middle of winter.You might be surprised to learn that the Northwestern and the hundreds of other boats that make up the North Pacific Fishing Fleet are not based in Alaska. Rather, they travel thousands of miles south each year to tie up in Seattle.So, why is the fleet based here? There certainly are more convenient ports closer to...
Did Jesus Christ make Seattle under protest?
You might say Jesus Christ Made Seattle Under Protest. Or, Jesus Christ Made Seattle Under Pressure.Either way, this provocative statement is a big help when youre trying to get around downtown Seattle.Its a mnemonic device, a sentence that helps you remember the names and order of the citys streets. The first letter of each word corresponds to a pair of streets between Pioneer Square and Belltown. Jesus starts with a "J" which means Jefferson and James come first. The "C" in Christ signals...
Why don't we bury our power lines in the Northwest?
Did you find yourself in the dark, shivering under blankets, eating cold rations during the recent snow and ice storms? Did it have you wondering why we are so dependent on overhead power poles to keep the lights on?Could there be a better way?Read more on I Wonder Why ... ?
Why do Utilikilts appeal to many in the Northwest?
"Its only a skirt if youre wearing underwear."A Seattle guy set out to liberate men from their pants his solution?The Utilikilt.If youve ever seen a Utilikilt, chances are you havent forgotten it. Maybe you thought it was cool to see a Scottish-esque kilt with cargo pockets. Maybe you had a more visceral reaction ...Whatever your feelings about them, they are part of the Northwest. The idea was born here. Theyre manufactured here. They even have their own store in Seattles Pioneer Square...
Mysterious demise of Tacoma, Seattle streetcars solved
Todays stylish way to get from your high-tech office to an urbane lunch date was once so old, rickety and decrepit that it was melted into scrap-metal.The revival of streetcars in Tacoma and Seattle would be a surprise to our civic leaders from the 1930s. But they used to be prolific throughout the Northwest. What happened? Was it a conspiracy, or just the changing tides of fashion?Read more on I Wonder Why ... ?
Why is the 'Seattle Freeze' so hard to melt?
Is Seattle a great but lonely place to live?The city often ranks pretty high on those lists of the best places to move to Theres the food, the water, the mountains, the music. But once people get here, they find its pretty tough to make friends. Theres even a name for it: The Seattle Freeze.We wondered: When did the freeze set in? And, how can a newcomer ever break through it?Read more onI Wonder Why... ?
A 'Rain City' mystery: Why don't people in Seattle use...
A lot of people in the Rain City take pride in the fact that real Seattleites dont carry umbrellas. But, I walk around town with a portable roof over my head.The result? I stay dry, my hair doesnt get tousled, and I can use my iPhone while I wait for the bus. I also get dirty looks. Granted, my umbrella isnt small. I actually call it my yurt. That might have a little to do with it, but the reality is this region is anti-umbrella.Why? Is it weather denial? Affinity for wet jeans? An...
Is it really true that there is more MS in the Northwest?
Weve all seen the billboards and giant posters hanging off the sides of buildings: The Northwest has a higher incidence of Multiple Sclerosis than most anywhere on Earth.But do we really? Turns out the answer is more complicated than the awareness campaign that got everyone talking about MS in the Northwest.Read more on I Wonder Why ... ?
Are we prone to mass hysteria here in the NW?
Everyone went a little crazy. Police were called, road blocks set up.Its 1954, early spring, and tiny chips, pits and dings are popping up on car windshields throughout the Puget Sound region at an alarming rate. Suddenly, communities from Anacortes to Tacoma are in the grip of a textbook case of mass hysteria. (In fact, it is in the textbooks.)Read more on I Wonder Why ... ?
We don't have an accent in the Northwest ... or do we?
Do I have an accent? You hear me on the radio. I hear myself on the radio, many times a week in western Washington, and I didnt think so. But, a researcher at the University of Washington in Seattle tells me I do have an accent its in the way I say that very word accent.Apparently my pronunciation is a dead giveaway that I grew up here in the Northwest.Read more on I Wonder Why ... ?
Just why is it that Seattleites don't jaywalk?
Fear of a ticket from paternalistic police? Group angst? Peer pressure? Whatever the reason, even if a car is not in sight, Seattleites will often wait patiently for the light to change rather than jaywalk.Pedestrians in this city are unlike their fellow walkers in San Francisco, Boston and even Portland, Ore., and the culture of waiting at the light goes back decades.Read more on I Wonder Why ... ?
I Wonder Why ... Seahawks fans are loudest in league
This is the first story in a new KPLU series called "I Wonder Why ... ?" Each Friday, well explore what makes our corner of the world special unique attributes that amaze, irritate and sometimes just puzzle us.In this first story, we tackle Seattles reputation for having the loudest fans in the NFL. This isnt a particularly noisy place ... after all, you can get a ticket for honking your horn here.So, we wondered why were so loud in the stadium and just how loud are we?Check out the rest of...
- Tacoma, WA
12180 Park Ave S.
Tacoma, WA 98447253-535-7758 | <urn:uuid:b5625b37-0aa7-432b-86a2-6049935be805> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://tunein.com/radio/I-Wonder-Why---p445145/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368706499548/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516121459-00015-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.94993 | 2,666 | 1.921875 | 2 |
January 23, 2013
BATON ROUGE, La. (AP) -- Hundreds of people on their death beds who can't afford private insurance would have to go without end-of-life care in their homes this year if Louisiana goes through with Gov. Bobby Jindal's plan to shutter the state's Medicaid hospice program in February.
The cut would make Louisiana one of only two states that don't pay for hospice care through its Medicaid program. Families of the terminally ill and health care workers planned a candlelight vigil Wednesday to protest Jindal's plan.
Jindal made a series of budget reductions in mid-December to help close a nearly $166 million deficit in the current fiscal year that ends June 30. The hospice decision drew the strongest complaints from lawmakers, with senators pushing the Jindal administration to find another way to trim spending.
Despite the complaints, the Department of Health and Hospitals is continuing with its plan to close the program to new adult recipients on Feb. 1. Cutting the program is estimated to save about $1.1 million in state funding this year and $3.1 million in state funding for the 2013-14 budget year, according to DHH.
The Senate Health and Welfare Committee is considering whether to try to stop the administration's planned cut at a committee meeting scheduled for next week.
Oklahoma is currently the only state that doesn't offer hospice care to adults through Medicaid, according to the nonpartisan Kaiser Family Foundation.
The Jindal administration has said when cuts are required to the Medicaid program, only a few optional benefits can be reduced without violating requirements for the state's participation in the program it runs with the federal government. Hospice is an optional program the health department said has been available since 2002.
"When looking at optional Medicaid programs for elimination and setting priorities, the department determined it was more critical to continue pharmacy benefits for adults, hemodialysis and group homes for people with development disabilities," DHH said in a statement about the hospice cut.
DHH Undersecretary Jerry Phillips has said the hospice cut doesn't affect anyone currently receiving services.
After the program ends, Phillips said people could seek those services through Medicare and through clergy and nonprofit groups, and he said Medicaid recipients still will have access to medication to relieve pain, through the pharmacy program.
The Alliance for the Advancement of End-of-Life Care, a New Orleans-based nonprofit that is fighting the hospice cut, said providing the care at home through a hospice program costs the state less than through hospitals or emergency rooms.
More than 5,800 people received hospice services through Louisiana's Medicaid program in the last budget year, according to the health department. Many of those, however, were eligible to receive the end-of-life care through Medicare. About 1,400 received the services in their homes and wouldn't have been eligible through Medicare.
Copyright 2013 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed. | <urn:uuid:4e2e2444-0adc-4181-8aca-a81f4e7cd217> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.intelihealth.com/IH/ihtIH/WSNRM000/333/888343/1472463.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368699881956/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516102441-00001-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.960735 | 614 | 1.648438 | 2 |
Henry Gray (18211865). Anatomy of the Human Body. 1918.
4c. The Costal Cartilages
The costal cartilages(Fig. 115) are bars of hyaline cartilage which serve to prolong the ribs forward and contribute very materially to the elasticity of the walls of the thorax. The first seven pairs are connected with the sternum; the next three are each articulated with the lower border of the cartilage of the preceding rib; the last two have pointed extremities, which end in the wall of the abdomen. Like the ribs, the costal cartilages vary in their length, breadth, and direction. They increase in length from the first to the seventh, then gradually decrease to the twelfth. Their breadth, as well as that of the intervals between them, diminishes from the first to the last. They are broad at their attachments to the ribs, and taper toward their sternal extremities, excepting the first two, which are of the same breadth throughout, and the sixth, seventh, and eighth, which are enlarged where their margins are in contact. They also vary in direction: the first descends a little, the second is horizontal, the third ascends slightly, while the others are angular, following the course of the ribs for a short distance, and then ascending to the sternum or preceding cartilage. Each costal cartilage presents two surfaces, two borders, and two extremities.
Surfaces.The anterior surface is convex, and looks forward and upward: that of the first gives attachment to the costoclavicular ligament and the Subclavius muscle; those of the first six or seven at their sternal ends, to the Pectoralis major. The others are covered by, and give partial attachment to, some of the flat muscles of the abdomen. The posterior surface is concave, and directed backward and downward; that of the first gives attachment to the Sternothyroideus, those of the third to the sixth inclusive to the Transversus thoracis, and the six or seven inferior ones to the Transversus abdominis and the diaphragm.
Borders.Of the two borders the superior is concave, the inferior convex; they afford attachment to the Intercostales interni: the upper border of the sixth gives attachment also to the Pectoralis major. The inferior borders of the sixth, seventh, eighth, and ninth cartilages present heel-like projections at the points of greatest convexity. These projections carry smooth oblong facets which articulate respectively with facets on slight projections from the upper borders of the seventh, eighth, ninth, and tenth cartilages.
Extremities.The lateral end of each cartilage is continuous with the osseous tissue of the rib to which it belongs. The medial end of the first is continuous with the sternum; the medial ends of the six succeeding ones are rounded and are received into shallow concavities on the lateral margins of the sternum. The medial ends of the eighth, ninth, and tenth costal cartilages are pointed, and are connected each with the cartilage immediately above. Those of the eleventh and twelfth are pointed and free. In old age the costal cartilages are prone to undergo superficial ossification.
Cervical ribs derived from the seventh cervical vertebra (page 83) are of not infrequent occurrence, and are important clinically because they may give rise to obscure nervous or vascular symptoms. The cervical rib may be a mere epiphysis articulating only with the transverse process of the vertebra, but more commonly it consists of a defined head, neck, and tubercle, with or without a body. It extends lateralward, or forward and lateralward, into the posterior triangle of the neck, where it may terminate in a free end or may join the first thoracic rib, the first costal cartilage, or the sternum.24 It varies much in shape, size, direction, and mobility. If it reach far enough forward, part of the brachial plexus and the subclavian artery and vein cross over it, and are apt to suffer compression in so doing. Pressure on the artery may obstruct the circulation so much that arterial thrombosis results, causing gangrene of the finger tips. Pressure on the nerves is commoner, and affects the eighth cervical and first thoracic nerves, causing paralysis of the muscles they supply, and neuralgic pains and paresthesia in the area of skin to which they are distributed: no oculopupillary changes are to be found.
In rickets, the ends of the ribs, where they join the costal cartilages, become enlarged, giving rise to the so-called rickety rosary, which in mild cases is only found on the internal surface of the thorax. Lateral to these enlargements the softened ribs sink in, so as to present a groove passing downward and lateralward on either side of the sternum. This bone is forced forward by the bending of the ribs, and the antero-posterior diameter of the chest is increased. The ribs affected are the second to the eighth, the lower ones being prevented from falling in by the presence of the liver, stomach, and spleen; and when the abdomen is distended, as it often is in rickets, the lower ribs may be pushed outward, causing a transverse groove (Harrisons sulcus) just above the costal arch. This deformity or forward projection of the sternum, often asymmetrical, is known as pigeon breast, and may be taken as evidence of active or old rickets except in cases of primary spinal curvature. In many instances it is associated in children with obstruction in the upper air passages, due to enlarged tonsils or adenoid growths. In some rickety children or adults, and also in others who give no history or further evidence of having had rickets, an opposite condition obtains. The lower part of the sternum and often the xiphoid process as well are deeply depressed backward, producing an oval hollow in the lower sternal and upper epigastric regions. This is known as funnel breast (German, Trichterbrust); it never appears to produce the least disturbance of any of the vital functions. The phthisical chest is often long and narrow, and with great obliquity of the ribs and projection of the scapulæ. In pulmonary emphysema the chest is enlarged in all its diameters, and presents on section an almost circular outline. It has received the name of the barrel-shaped chest. In severe cases of lateral curvature of the vertebral column the thorax becomes much distorted. In consequence of the rotation of the bodies of the vertebræ which takes place in this disease, the ribs opposite the convexity of the dorsal curve become extremely convex behind, being thrown out and bulging, and at the same time flattened in front, so that the two ends of the same rib are almost parallel. Coincidently with this the ribs on the opposite side, on the concavity of the curve, are sunk and depressed behind, and bulging and convex in front. | <urn:uuid:c2eadf31-1d94-40cb-b897-b02178920dcf> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.bartleby.net/107/29.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368704132298/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516113532-00024-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.946789 | 1,502 | 3.328125 | 3 |
Since: Feb 12
According to official statistics 45.2% of the Cuban population over the age of fifteen consumes alcoholic beverages, with a 7% to 10% degree of prevalence. Alcoholism and prostitution are two of the the topics on which independent journalists report most often.
The difference between an affluent drunk and one of limited financial means is striking. While generals and government ministers enjoy ample tumblers of Scotch whiskey or Jack Daniel’s, the neighborhood drunks have to make do with the explosive rum sold in bulk at some liquor stores.
The last rung for someone who takes pride in belonging to a certain alcoholic culture is drinking homemade booze. It is the worst of the worst. Truly the drink of the forgotten. It is made in a sordid backroom or house in the neighborhood. Industrial charcoal or cow dung is used to refine this cheap liquor. It is pure fire. Tears well up when it goes down your throat. It’s potency makes it suitable only for hardened alcoholics or suicides.
Among the masses it goes by different names – trainspark, tigerbone, drop-your-bloomer, jump-backwards. Blacktears is a lethal combination of boric alcohol and Homatropine eyedrops filtered through cotton.
A bottle of this diabolical stuff costs ten Cuban pesos, while the exquisite Santiago rum – the best in Cuba today – is worth between 7.00 and 9.60 convertible pesos – some 175 to 230 Cuban pesos, or almost half the average monthly salary.
When it comes to drinking, in Cuba there is no distinction as to age, race, sex, ideology or religion. It does not matter what your educational or cultural level is. There are social drinkers who do things in moderation. When they feel they are at the point of getting drunk, they know it is time to stop.
Others drink like pirates – bottle after bottle – as if they were trying to beat a Guinness world record. Everyone drinks as his pocketbook will allow. Rum and beer appeal to intellectuals, dissidents, hookers and party activists alike. It is rumored that President Raul Castro likes to drink vodka – Russian and perfectly pure.
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The disease is extremely contagious. Nearest elkhorn coral neighbors were most likely to become infected. Once white pox appeared on a reef, it spread to all areas on the reef within one year and also spread rapidly between reefs. Most of the loss found by the UGA team occurred between 1996 and 2000 when the average loss of elkhorn coral on the Florida reefs studied was 85 percent.
"These results suggest that we may be killing the goose that lays the golden egg," said Porter. "Despite the trends in our data, we still remain hopeful that the surviving coral will repopulate the reef. We must maintain the highest possible water quality standards in the Florida Keys. These coral reefs are so beautiful and so important. We must do our best to protect them."
The EPA and the State of Florida, in consultation with NOAA, have developed a Water Quality Protection Program (WQPP) for the Florida Keys. NOAA incorporated the WQPP into its Final Management Plan for the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary. The purpose of the WQPP is to recommend priority corrective actions and compliance schedules addressing sources of pollution and to restore and maintain the chemical, physical, and biological integrity of the Sanctuary. These findings will bolster ongoing efforts to implement the WQPP and provide improved treatment of wastewater and stormwater in the Florida Keys. | <urn:uuid:e714f492-d116-4fa0-a621-9b2d34c1d6de> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://news.bio-medicine.org/biology-news-2/Common-bacteria-kills-elkhorn-coral-off-Florida-keys--says-UGA-research-team-7360-3/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368698207393/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516095647-00027-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.95213 | 270 | 3.28125 | 3 |
SOFTWARE DESIGN & DEVELOPMENT
The aim of the Software Design and Development (SDD) Stage 6 course is for students to develop the knowledge, understanding, skills and values to solve problems through the creation of software solutions.
The SDD HSC written paper will examine a sample of syllabus outcomes. As this sample may change from year to year, it is important that you study the whole of the HSC course. The HSC course includes the core strands of:
- Development and Impact of Software Solutions
- Software Development Cycle
- Developing a Solution Package
- Evolution of Programming Languages; or
- The Software Developer's View of the Hardware.
The SDD examination paper
The HSC examination for SDD is on Friday, October 29, from 1.55pm to 5pm. You will be given three hours (plus five minutes' reading time) to complete the written paper. To prepare for the exam, students should familiarise themselves with the structure and format of the paper.
Section I (20 marks)
- There will be 20 multiple-choice questions.
- All questions are compulsory and will be based on the core topics.
- All answers must be marked on the multiple-choice answer sheet.
- Allow about 35 minutes for this section.
Section II (60 marks)
- There will be three questions based on the core topics.
- All questions are compulsory and are of equal value.
- All questions will consist of a number of parts requiring short, structured responses.
- Each question should be answered in a separate booklet.
- Allow about one hour and 50 minutes for this section.
Section III (20 marks)
- There will be two questions, one question on each of the option topics.
- You should attempt only one question.
- Note that calculators are not to be used in the examination.
- Both questions are of equal value.
- Both questions will consist of a number of parts requiring short, structured responses.
- Answer this question in a separate booklet.
- Allow about 35 minutes for this section.
The NSW HSC Online website is an excellent source of information and revision activities for SDD, and has been developed by experienced teachers. In preparation for the examination, use this website to help consolidate your knowledge and understanding and to add variety to your study program.
For the Software Development Cycle, there are activities to support your revision of:
- Detecting and correcting errors, and
- Standard Algorithms: Searching.
For revision of Development and Impact of Software Solutions, there are activities for:
- Creating Space Probe Seven, and
- Developing a software game.
The Board of Studies website has many resources, including the syllabus, past examination papers and marking guidelines. The HSC Notes from the Marking Centre provide comments about the quality of past student responses to questions in the examination and highlight relative strengths and weaknesses. The Software and Course Specifications provide information about the software, representational tools, meta-language and methods of algorithm description referred to in the syllabus. In addition, there is an online multiple choice activity section that utilises questions from past HSC papers on the BOS website.
The Board of Studies also provides schools with the NSW HSC Standards Packages for SDD. These CD-ROMs provide sample student responses at different levels of performance for selected examination questions. You can analyse these sample answers to determine what is required for a good answer. Talk to your teacher about accessing this CD-ROM package from your school.
Preparing for the examination
To be successful in Software Design and Development, you must be able to demonstrate a theoretical understanding of the concepts in the syllabus, as well as an ability to analyse and interpret new situations or scenarios and apply your understandings to these situations. This is a skill that you need to practise.
In the HSC course you will have completed a project requiring you to design and develop a software solution. Use your project work experience, where relevant, to support your exam answers, especially in Section II, with specific, practical examples. This can help to more clearly illustrate concepts and demonstrate to the examiner your depth of understanding of the subject material.
The structured free response questions in Section II and III will consist of parts sequenced in the order of difficulty. The latter parts of a question are more challenging and worth more marks. For these parts with more marks, spend time in planning the structure of your answer before starting your response.
Pay particular attention to the instructional words used in the question (eg, explain, compare, discuss). These words assist you in determining what is required in your answer. The Board of Studies has prepared a glossary of key words used in examination questions, available from the NSW HSC Online website.
It is important you are familiar with these definitions so that you understand exactly what you are being asked in a question.
Diagrams should be neat, clearly labelled and follow the conventions described in the Software and Course Specifications document.
Writing and interpreting algorithms will feature in the examination. Students are expected to know both pseudocode and flowchart methods of algorithm description.
When creating algorithms, ensure you correctly use the three control structures and include enough detail to demonstrate understanding of the processes being described. Flowchart templates may be used.
In the examination:
- Read the question carefully.
- Be clear about how much time you should allocate to each question.
- Identify the key words and determine what the question is asking you to do.
- Underline the important aspects of given scenarios.
- Use the amount of marks allocated to each question as an indication of the depth requirements of the question.
- Provide coherent and succinct answers.
- Use diagrams where appropriate.
- Avoid vague generalisations and unsubstantiated technical jargon.
- Where appropriate, demonstrate your ideas by giving examples from case studies and your project.
Phillip Cooke is the Learning Co-ordinator, Information Technology, at Bradfield Senior College. Lyndall Foster is the Chief Education Officer, Technology, with Curriculum K12 Directorate in the NSW Department of Education and Training. | <urn:uuid:5362b23d-8119-455d-ac3f-7a946e719232> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.smh.com.au/articles/2004/06/23/1087844996510.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368710006682/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516131326-00031-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.905615 | 1,265 | 3.015625 | 3 |
I am a complete newbie to Linux. I have had experience with UNIX at school. I attend the University of Minnesota. I took a Java programming class last semester, and am now currently enrolled in a C++ programming class. It is going well so far.
Anyways, we use Red Hat Version 6 on some of the computers at the IT labs here at the UMN. I use that for my C++ programming in the labs. Having the need to reinstall Windows XP, I felt like dual booting, so I installed Red Hat Linux 8.0. I am familiar with Emacs, which comes installed in Red Hat. I used it to write a fairly simple program to display some text. I compiled the .cpp file with the G++ compiler using a terminal window. This creates an a.out file. In the computer labs of the IT building on campus, merely typing in a.out immediately executes the file. In this case, on my computer, running Red Hat 8.0, it does not recognize it as a command within the terminal window. Then if I type "bash a.out" (without quotes) it says it cannot execute it because it is binary.
I am hoping to solve this issue. Is there any simple way? If anymore information is required, please ask for it. Is there something that the IT department screws with to make the a.out file executable? Thank you.
BTW - when in the terminal, it lists the directory where the file is stored, with blue text, and the name of the a.out file in green text. All other files are standard black text. I am sure the blue stands for directories, but what does the green stand for? Again, thanks for any assistance.
Firstly be aware that C++ binary compiled on one compiler will not work on a system using a different version of that compiler and libstdc++ due to differences in the C++ ABI. This means that stuff compiled on RH8 will not work on RH6, although something compiled on RH6 may work on RH8 if you install the very old "compat" library. I don't know if that old compat library is still available.
That being said, the ABI thing shouldn't be a problem since C++ is supposed to be a portable language, meaning you can simply recompile the source code on any platform and it should work.
In your case the problem is probably only file path. (I think the compiler by default makes the file executable, so don't have to worry about changing permissions.) In DOS and certain unix setups the current directory "." (a single dot) is included in the PATH variable meaning you can run programs in the current directory. That may be how your Unix lab is setup at school.
However, most Unix folks absolutely think it is a bad idea to add "." to your PATH for a wide variety of reasons including security. Another reason is to reduce confusion, because adding "." to your PATH would make it the only PATH that changes dynamicallyi depending on your current location (pwd). This can be confusing or potentially disasterous if you happen to have a program in the current directory with the same name as something else you really want to run.
So anyway, people normally run things in the current directory with:
Or in your case:
However it is not "clean" to use the default output name. You may want to use g++ like the following.
g++ -g sourcefile.cpp -o programname
-g makes debugging symbols making it easy to debug using a debugger like gdb (or others if you have them)
-o allows you to specify an output name, be creative.
One more thing, you can have the same bash shell, gcc, g++ and most other Linux tools in Windows if you install Cygwin. Cygwin is a Unix API implementation and tools for Windows. When you install Cygwin be sure to choose things like "make" and "gcc", there are many different package options available.
Its not recommended because if there is an executable with the same name as something in your path it will run the one in the current directory. This could be a security problem if you download a file and untar it, but there is a worm or something called "make" so when you try make what you downloaded the worm goes off.
Are you in the Introo to c++ programming class? I took that last semester at UMN, pretty good class, except the labs took progressivly longer as the semester moved on. The final project was pretty interesting though, delt with ai, and creatures in an artificial world. I'd recommend working on stuff from home, but ssh'ing to the labs. Feel free to ask questions about problems with any of the labs.
You are exactly right nmayotte. I took Intro to Java Programming last semester while you were in C++. I already use Putty for a simple way to logon remotely using ssh. I will let you know if I need any help. Having some programming experience already has enabled me to be the first one out of my labs - so far. I will PM you if I need any help. | <urn:uuid:a58f783c-c8dd-404d-bdc0-34eeb12f7a9d> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://forums.pcper.com/showthread.php?193523-C-and-a-out&p=1510887 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368696381249/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516092621-00058-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.941902 | 1,076 | 2.15625 | 2 |
Though today’s cars are infinitely safer, even the most advanced safety technology can’t always protect against carelessness behind the wheel — especially when it comes to teen drivers. Mainly as a result of inexperience, driver error, and other dangerous behaviors like texting while driving, car crashes are the number one cause of death in the 15- 20-year-old age group, and teens are four times more likely to be involved in a crash than older, more experienced drivers.
It’s sobering statistics like these that led to the creation of the Mercedes-Benz Driving Academy. “We could build the safest cars in the world, but if we turn the keys over to someone who hasn’t been properly trained, all bets are off,” said Carolyn Duchene, the academy’s director.
When it comes time for the big driver’s license test, the California Department of Motor Vehicle reports many teens fail because of inexperience. In California, teens as young as 15 years old are eligible to test for a learner’s permit. After that, a six-month wait is required before they’re allowed to take the driver’s license test. During that time, teens must complete a minimum of six hours of behind-the-wheel training with a professional and 50 hours of adult-supervised driving. Things are different once an individual turns 18. Driver’s education is no longer required before taking a driver’s license test. Interestingly, the U.S. is the only country that allows this.
The academy is a state-certified teen driver education and training center in Los Angeles, and, although locations in Europe exist, the automaker claims it’s the first of its kind in the U.S. The Integrated Program, ideal for students starting driver’s education from scratch, costs $1390. This includes 30 hours of interactive online courses, workshops, and classroom sessions, plus 16 hours of behind-the-wheel time, more than double California’s requirements.
During the 16 hours of behind-the-wheel training, professionals coach students instead of simply giving commands. For a first-hand look at how exactly the coaching approach works, I dropped by the academy for a one-on-one session with driving coach Marc Hemsworth.
The 2012 Mercedes-Benz C350 sedan I drove with Hemsworth was far different from the old Honda Civic sans power steering I used as my student driver car. Once out on the road, Hemsworth didn’t give me any turn-by-turn directions. As drivers, we’re forced to make choices every day, and if a teen goes through behind-the-wheel sessions always being told where and where to turn, Hemsworth says they won’t be prepared to make decisions for themselves when they’re alone on the road. Every so often, Hemsworth asked me why I made certain decisions, and had me pull over to talk about good (or bad) driving habits he noticed. The Mercedes academy lets teens take control without getting out of control.
Parental involvement is also emphasized. Parents can communicate with coaches and can easily observe their teen’s progress with a student logbook. Coaches can pick up the teens from school for their lesson and have them drive home after their lesson to save the parents time.
Still think $1390 is too much? “Parents invest heavily in their child’s education, so why not invest in making them a better and safer driver?” says Duchene. That’s a good point — one that every parent should consider before handing over the keys. | <urn:uuid:46107a11-9ebd-4a65-9197-f560b147cd2d> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://wot.motortrend.com/higher-education-mercedes-benz-driving-academy-preps-teens-for-the-open-road-193825.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368704132298/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516113532-00032-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.948603 | 760 | 2.390625 | 2 |
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Researchers Find More Polyphenols in Cacao Seeds Than Fruit Juice
Posted: February 8, 2011
Researchers from the Hershey Center for Health & Nutrition have published a paper suggesting that cacao seeds contain a high amount of antioxidants and more polyphenols and flavanols than fruit juice.
"Cacao seeds are a super fruit," published in Chemistry Central Journal, compared natural (non-alkalized) cocoa powder to fruit powders (açai, blueberry, cranberry, pomegranate) by gram and 100% non-blended fruit juices (açai, blueberry, cranberry, pomegranate) to a natural cocoa beverage, solid dark chocolate (60–63% cacao) and hot cocoa mix by serving.
Three brands were selected per fruit powder and fruit product. Each brand was analyzed for antioxidant capacity (ORAC (μM TE/g)), total polyphenol content (TP (mg/g)) and total flavanol content (TF (mg/g)) in triplicate.
The researchers, led by Debra Miller, PhD, found that the antioxidant capacity of cocoa powder (634 ± 33 μMTE/g) was significantly greater than blueberry, cranberry and pomegranate powder on a per gram basis; however, the antioxidant capacity of dark chocolate (9911 ± 1079 μMTE/serving) was not significantly greater, on a per serving basis, than pomegranate juice but was greater than all other products tested. In contrast, hot cocoa mix had significantly less antioxidant capacity (1232 ± 159 μMTE/serving) than all of the other products tested.
The total polyphenol content of cocoa powder (48.2 ± 2.1 mg/g) appeared to be greater than açai, blueberry and cranberry powder; however, these differences did not reach statistical significance. The total polyphenol content of dark chocolate (991.1 mg/serving) was significantly greater than all of the other products tested, aside from pomegranate juice, on a per serving basis. The total polyphenol content of pomegranate juice was significantly greater than that of cranberry juice; all products tested had higher TP values than hot cocoa mix (57.6 ± 4.9 mg/serving). It should be noted that the hot cocoa mix was the only cacao product in the study made with alkalized cocoa, which involves a process (alkalinization) that has been shown to destroy polyphenolic compounds and is likely responsible for the significant differences in ORAC, TP, and TC values observed between hot cocoa mix and the other cocoa products. | <urn:uuid:43233913-6f3f-4955-a81a-1329640ab19c> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.cosmeticsandtoiletries.com/research/techtransfer/115565614.html?page=1 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368701459211/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516105059-00070-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.94039 | 575 | 2.75 | 3 |
As a general rule, older people often prefer to stay at home for as long as physically possible. In many cases this can be organised with home adaptations, such as rails, ramps, stairlifts, wet rooms and personal alarms, along with some help from a carer.
Carers help with all sorts of needs from personal to domestic. Their support can be arranged from short, daily or weekly home visits to 24 hour live-in care, whatever is needed and can be afforded.
The great benefit of care at home is that friends and neighbours are close by and surroundings are comfortingly familiar. The disadvantage is that home can sometimes be lonely and takes some managing. Care at home, particularly 24 hour care, can also be expensive.
If staying in your own home seems impractical but you would like to retain some independence, you could consider sheltered or retirement housing. These housing schemes are usually made up of a complex of self contained flats or bungalows with a scheme manager and communal areas such as a shared lounge, laundry and garden.
Advantages are clear; you can retain your independence whilst feeling more secure. However, do beware that service charges are usually applicable and medical, personal and domestic care are not usually provided.
If sheltered housing sounds appealing, but more care is needed, extra care housing or assisted living could be an option. These forms of very sheltered housing support independence by offering various services; these may include meal provision, domestic support and personal care. Extra care housing is generally available for rent following a joint assessment by both Social Services and Housing, whereas assisted living is usually available for purchase or rent privately. Unfortunately, these schemes are not in plentiful supply throughout the country.
Close care provides an alternative to extra care housing. Once again, the single biggest benefit is that residents are able to retain their independence with their own front door. This type of very sheltered housing is found within the grounds of a care home, so care and communal facilities may be available if required. Again, the downside is that close care is not widely available. Bear in mind also that the properties can be small and, frustratingly, the care offered by the home may not necessarily match your care needs.
Care homes have come in for some bad press recently but, naturally, it’s only the small minority of poor homes that are newsworthy; there are many excellent homes out there. Care homes fall under different descriptions depending on the type of care they provide. There are care homes (previously known as residential homes), care homes with nursing (previously known as nursing homes) and dual registered homes, which can provide both residential and nursing care. Some of these homes will cater for people with specific needs such as those seen in residents with dementia or physical disability.
Clearly it is vital to identify the homes that are most suited to your personal needs. The benefits can be numerous; they provide social stimulation, a safe environment with 24 hour assistance available and no worries about preparing meals or managing a house. The good ones can really make you feel that you are living in your own house. Sadly, some loss of independence is inevitable and rooms can be small, meaning that only a few personal possessions can be accommodated.
For everyone in need of care, local authority assessments are available, regardless of financial situation, and are a useful start point for guidance and advice. However, we do understand that making the right choice can be difficult. For over 30 years, we have specialised in providing independent care advice, helping families with expert advice about choice of care. | <urn:uuid:3166ad7c-65d4-4679-b70e-477971e59e05> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.engagewithyou.com/expert-help/expert-comment-and-help/pros-and-cons-of-differing-care-options/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368696382584/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516092622-00055-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.971241 | 720 | 1.960938 | 2 |
Barcelona Demonstration during General Strike in Spain
After Spain's two main Unions called a General Strike, people in Barcelona took to the streets to protest changes in labour laws. Several incidents took place as riot police clashed with demonstrators in an attempt to disperse them.
Hundreds of thousands of people went out to the streets of Barcelona using their rights to Strike and Demonstrate after the labour law has changed. People demonstrated peacefully, in a colourful afternoon full of songs and creativity. Furious crowds were running after some infiltrators have been discovered while others started confronting the defiant and violent Mosso's d'esquadra who did not doubt in using rubber bullets and tear gas, sometimes in order to control the angry demonstrators, sometimes in order to provocate them. Many rubbish containers have been set on fire by demonstrators. | <urn:uuid:d149dfcf-cecf-4f35-898e-50e194be481a> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://widget.demotix.com/news/1131671/barcelona-demonstration-during-general-strike-spain | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368697380733/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516094300-00011-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.970437 | 162 | 2.03125 | 2 |
The Moreton Bay Region has a large diversity of waterways ranging from upland streams of the D’Aguilar Range to the estuaries connecting the coastal rivers and streams to Moreton Bay.
Importance of waterways
Waterways are important, not only because of the intrinsic values of their diverse aquatic ecosystems, but also for their role in providing water as a commodity.
Waterways also provide many recreational uses. In order to maintain these values and uses, we need to protect our streams and to maintain or enhance them to the best possible condition (or best possible ecological health).
Moreton Bay Regional Council is committed to improve the region's environment, including streams, foreshores and coastal areas. As the region continues to experience high population growth, the pressure on our waterways will also increase.
Past and future landuse activities, including residential, industrial, commercial and agricultural landuse, adversely affect water quality and waterway health.
Concerted management and action by government, community and industry can prevent, reduce or reverse the decline in waterway health.
Since the publication of the South East Queensland Regional Water Quality Management Strategy 2001, management plans for a range of catchments and waterways throughout the Moreton Bay region have been prepared (see below).
The information of these plans assists Council's statutory and non-statutory planning and development assessment processes, and land managers (e.g. developers, industry, farmers, residents and government), in relation to stormwater management, and water quality with consideration of water quantity, ecological health and recreation.
Healthy Waterways survey
In partnership with Moreton Bay Regional council and other
members, Healthy Waterways recently conducted a survey to gain a
better understanding of how the South East Queensland community
use, value and perceive their waterways, particularly from a
recreational user point of view.
'Fun and enjoyment' was the highest rated benefit received from
recreation in waterways and 'Cleanliness of water' was rated as the
factor of highest importance when it comes to choosing a waterway
Read more of the results on the Healthy Waterways website. | <urn:uuid:b2ec7322-e87d-4ea8-acb4-c063e9640bc8> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.moretonbay.qld.gov.au/general.aspx?id=1752 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368697974692/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516095254-00046-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.932874 | 432 | 2.90625 | 3 |
|Lipót Buxbaum, school principal||Dezső Hoffmann|
|Reb Yosef, Léb Hoffmann, dayan||Moshe Berger|
|Dr. Ernő Dison (Deutch), chief rabbi||Zoltán Goldstein (Joshua Even) and his spouse:|
|Béla Buxbaum, lawyer||Mrs. Goldstein, née Aranka Eckstein|
|Dr. Izidor Lőwinger, M.D.||Mór Salamon, carpenter|
|Jenő Paneth, teacher||Dr. Joel Pfeiffer, head physician at Poria hospital|
|Jenő Eisen, founder of the Eisen salami factory (their products were famous all over the country)||László Rózsahegyi (Rosenberg), merchant|
|Adolf Eisen, chazan||Béla Singer|
|Zeev Schück, writer and poet|
While our memorial book was being printed, the sad news of the deaths of two more brothers from Pápa reached us:
He was a respected wholesaler in Budapest and participated in Hungarian political life; he played an important role in the Socialist Party. He joined his children in kibbutz Nitzanim when he made aliya and worked there as a respected kibbutz member until his death at the age of 85.
was one of the founders and leaders of Hashomer Hatzair in Pápa. In Israel he earned himself a name as an architect. On account of his goodness and honesty, he was loved by all.
After the Shoah, a few former forced labor servicemen and some survivors from Auschwitz and other death camps returned to Pápa. They were looking for their families, waiting for their beloved. Only one child of school age returned. Religious life was restarted with difficulty. Posen - the former Sopron rabbi and the grandson of Uncle Marton tried to raise the spirits of the despairing, abandoned believers, whose number was slowly decreasing. Most people could not bear staying where their parents or other relatives had been so cruelly destroyed. The houses, each and every stone, reminded them of the dead. They could not bear for long this depressing mental state. The harrowing shadow of the past sent them in search of a new Homeland. Some of them moved to the capital, but the majority set out for the Holy Land of Israel, to find comfort for their painful memories in the land where the hopes of 2000 years were realized. Others left for America or Australia in order to forget the past in their work or business. In Brooklyn, there is a holy congregation, led by the Popener Rov, made up of former members of Adas Yisroel in Pápa and their descendents. Migrating Pápa Jews reached Paris, Stockholm, Canada, Mexico, Chile; even in Kenya you can find Jews with memories of Pápa.
The number of believers in Pápa decreased. Even Rabbi Posen left his congregation. He was suceeded by Rav Michael Lőwinger from Jánosháza, then by an Israeli rabbi, after whose return to Israel there was no longer a need for a spiritual leader. The community was abandoned. Please do not ask me questions; it is painful for me to write down the facts. The big temple was turned into a storehouse for the textile factory; our school became an apartment for workers. In the 1970s, 20 Jewish families lived in Pápa, about 50 people, they did not have a minyan, not even for Shabbat. Jewish education also became history. On holidays, three men and the precentor had to come from Budapest in order to have services.
The holy congregation of Pápa, which had been a light guiding us on our way, ceased to exist, the light of the Torah went out in Pápa.
Even though Jewish life came to an end in our home town, the light of the Torah and the torch of secular sciences still show the way to Jewry and to the benefit of mankind, thanks to the descendants of Pápa Jews.
The grandson of Pápa chazan Lázár Lőwy was born in 1928 in Pozsony/Pressburg. At the age of 14 he served in the Hagana together with his father. He worked for them as a messenger, fulfilling faithfully his task which sometimes meant risking his life.
In the War of Independence he was wounded; for years he carried the bullet splinters in his body, he did not want to set aside time for an operation. Putting it off had sad consequences: he got lead poisoning because of the splinters, which caused his untimely death. In an appendix to the memorial book edited by Yonatan Lurk, you can see the young hero standing next to a burnt-out tank of the Arab Legion, destroyed by him from 40 meters.
In 1947 his father complained to him that he had not received mail from him for 6 months, since his joining the underground movement. Sorry, Dad, he wrote, everything I do, the work of my life is for the Land, and it is the product of the spirit you instilled in me!
He sacrificed his young life for the people of Israel, in the holy land of the forefathers. Blessed be his memory!
May 28, 1921 June 11, 1948
The son of Fülöp Klein, of Pápa Jews lived in Israel. His father was born in Pápa, worked there in the butcher's trade in his youth, and had vivid memories about the life of Pápa Jews at the end of the 19th century. Later he moved to Vienna where his son Frigyes was born. The young student soon became disillusioned with his studies in philosophy and joined the Zionist movement together with his friends. With all his heart, he chose the road of practical Zionism.
In 1940 he left for the land of Israel. He arrived on the boat Patria, and jumped from it into the sea, this is how he was saved.
He was interned by the British in Atlit. After his liberation, he joined the kibbutz Kfar Gileadi at the foot of Mount Hermon, near the Lebanese border. He was a most enthusiastic member of the movement. This is what he wrote about the first years in his biography:
He was in love with nature, visited Arab villages to learn the language and to see the conditions of life there. Learning was his purpose in life. He had a thirst for knowledge and took along books on all his trips.
His last job was working on the dairy farm of the kibbutz. He left this work only when he was called by his beloved Homeland and he obeyed the call. This is what he said before setting out for his last mission: We have got but one path ahead, the path of victory. Huge forces are against us, but we can beat them. On June 11, 1948 he was killed by an enemy bullet.
He was a kind and brave man with extraordinary spiritual riches, commemorated by the memorial book published by the kibbutz.
His memory was cherished by his parents for whom he was their only hope.
Blessed be his memory!
The son of our chazan David Stein. He sacrificed his young life for Eretz Yisrael at the age of 29, on September 23, 1948 in the War of Independence. He left a wife and a three-month old baby boy.
AVRAHAM BERGER, the son of lumber dealer Berger,
were all killed in the War of Independence.
YAKOV SHIMON STEIN
lost his life during the liberation of Jerusalem, on June 6, 1948.
Carpenter Vilmos Rosinger lived in a little one-storey house at the corner of Bástya and Major Streets, opposite the firemen's barracks. This is where he brought up his children Lajos, Elza and Zoltán and he also had his workshop there. He was a hard-working and honest artisan, who lived for his family and work. His son Lajos, born in 1893, continued his father's trade. In the First World War he was severely injured and was awarded a gold medal for bravery. He could not continue his trade and as an exempted person, he was given a licence for a tobacconist store, which he opened in Kossuth Lajos Street, next to the grocery store of Mór Kohn. In 1944 the exempted war invalid was interned. Colonel Vitéz Karsay did everything in his power for his return, but the police commander of Pápa threatened him that he was exposing himself for Rosenberg by petitioning for him and would eventually end up in the same place . . Where was the reward for the bravery of Lajos, the war invalid? His relatives did not even know where he was taken. He simply disappeared from the scene.
The 80-year old father of the war invalid was taken to Auschwitz. Only the sister of Lajos, Elza, with her young daughter Éva, were permitted to stay in Pápa; they were exempted from the ghetto.
The older daughter of Elza, Zsuzsa was already married. Her husband was a doctor in Vienna. They fled from the Nazis to Antwerp, and were awaiting the opportunity to sail to America when the cursed hand of Hitler reached them. After the German occupation of Belgium, Zsuzsi as a Hungarian [Jew] was taken to a death camp, while her husband, as a German, was interned.
Elza and her little daughter were permitted to stay in Pápa. After the Szálasi takeover they were placed under house arrest, and then were taken to the Csillag fortress in Komárom where they were confined in an underground tunnel with food only once a day. After that, the Germans sent them to Dachau, where they had some bread and facilities for washing. They were not allowed to stay there for long. After 3 days' difficult journey in a wagon filled with 60 people, they ended up in Bergen-Belsen. They were given bread only during the first days, 8-10 persons sharing one loaf. Later they had only half-cooked turnips to eat, once a day. Most of the deportees became sick and perished. An epidemic of typhus spread through the camp lacking medicine or food fit for human beings. They were all threatened by the shadow of death. Elza Rosinger and her little daughter also contracted the serious illness. They were so weak that 3 months after the liberation, they were unable to stand on their feet. The British army liberated them, saving their lives. The brother of Elza, Zoltán, who got to Kenya, came to their help; that is how they managed to get to Australia. Éva became a fashion designer in Melbourne, with a famous dressmaker's showroom of her own.
When Jerusalem was destroyed by the barbaric soldiers of the Roman legions, the holy city and the temple were ravaged, the eternal light of the Torah went out. Jewish faith was already considered dead by the pagan world when all of a sudden the light of the Torah flared up again. Jewish life resurrected in Yavne and the sacred Torah found a new home to declare the victory of the divine idea.
History repeated itself.
Our beloved community was destroyed by cruel hands. Jewish life came to an end in Pápa: there was no temple, no Jewish school, no yeshiva left. Out of divine grace, however, we had the privilege of witnessing the mystery of resurrection.
The Pápa community was resurrected in Williamsburg in New York City. A newly-built grand temple, a huge yeshiva building, and a girls' yeshiva for 600 students all prove the fact that the light of Torah, which was shining in Pápa for 250 years, flared up again declaring that the memory of the Pápa community was not only preserved, but had turned into a living reality. The inscription Pápa can be seen not only on the facade of the yeshiva; it is on the huge bus as well.
|The Pápa Yeshiva in Brooklyn|
Not only does the New World bear witness to the love of Torah by Pápa Jews but Pápa Jews in Israel and around the world have all stayed loyal to the spirit of their upbringing. The son of dayan Dirnfeld from Pápa became rosh yeshiva for the Belzer chassidim in Jerusalem, Rabbi Lőwinger who had earlier served as a rabbi in Pápa became the rabbi of Har Tzion, Rabbi Imre Kraus served as a rabbi in a Los Angeles district, the grandson of chief chazan Lőwy from Pápa worked as a chazan in a London district, and David Baum, the son of Uncle Baum, the knowledgable secretary of the Pápa Chevra Kadisha worked as a chazan in the orthodox community of Baltimore.
|The new Pápa Synagogue in Brooklyn|
The financial manager of the Ponovitz Yeshiva in Bnei Brak was the grandson of Tornyos Krausz, and one of the most devout Talmudists of the same yeshiva was the grandson of Pápa Jews. In the Litvak yeshiva of Baltimore and also in Israeli yeshivas the descendents of Pápa parents can be found devotedly submerged in Torah studies.
May the light of the Torah shine and illuminate, in order to help us reach
Blessed are You HASHEM, Who gives strength to the weary. I pronounce this blessing with a grateful heart before writing the final lines for the Memorial Book of Pápa Jewry and handing it over to our brothers.
Thanks to the grace of the Creator, I have been provided with strength and perseverance to compile this memorial book.
I did not write a story, I only invited you for a trip through the world of Memories, reviving a host of sweet and unforgettable memories of student years, youth. It is a great happiness to recall what was beautiful and good.
I wanted to show you the life of Pápa Jews. When taking a trip to the past, we intended to commemorate the historical community, our forefathers, parents, siblings and other relatives. All I wanted to do was remember, I was not writing out of nostalgia.
We should remember the beauties of the past. Distance and the time that elapsed make life appear even more beautiful than it actually was then. However, the destruction of Pápa Jews should be remembered as well, even if it is painful.
Together with the Jewish population, the community archives with historical data, the protocols were also destroyed. Without them it is difficult to draw a true picture about the past. The words of the Bible may have given us the direction:
Ask your father, and he will tell you, your old men will tell you.
But unfortunately we lost our fathers in the Holocaust. Where are our old men?
After much difficult research, we managed to get material concerning Jews from the archives of the Protestant church in Pápa. Our work was helped by Pápa historian Antal Szalai, who looked up the necessary data for us. I want to take this opportunity to express my gratitude for his generosity.
We were unable to get the letter by Count Pál Eszterházy, patron of Pápa, from 1749, permitting Jewish settlement in Pápa, authorizing Jews to form a community, to have a kosher butcher's shop, to sell kosher wine by measure and to set up the eruv. In response to my request, searches were made for this ancient letter in the National Archives of Budapest, in the Széchenyi Library, in the Pápa Municipal Museum, and in the Veszprém County Archives. I wanted to present a copy of the historical document in this book. Unfortunately, it could not be traced.
Thanks are due to
DR. IMRE GYÖRKI, the only survivor of the excellent Pápa lawyers, who compiled the list of names of our sisters and brothers in the Pápa ghetto, which helped us to assemble the list of our Martyrs in this book. From this we estimate that about 2030 of our coreligionists had become martyrs.
Thanks are also due to the members of the Preparatory Committee, who helped the publication of this book:
DR. DÉNES KARDOS,
JÁKOB (AMIR) GRÜNWALD.
JÓZSEF STERN, the retired teacher of the Jewish school in Debrecen (who was awarded the gold diploma for his educational work) and his brother IMRE SZEKERES (Budapest), the retired teacher of the orthodox school in Kapuvár also contributed to the project.
My dear relatives, I want to thank you, too, for your contribution, enriching the book by sharing your cherished memories, providing much valuable material in your letters.
We are ever so grateful to our brothers living in Israel and abroad, who made the publication of our memorial book possible by sending their contributions in advance.
May this book be the Book of Tears and the Book of Recollections at the same time.
Take the Memorial Book of Pápa Jews with love and reverence.
Haifa, Marcheshvan 28, 5732 / November 5, 1972.
On the 70th anniversary of my father's death. Blessed be his memory.
|Official, Government recognition to Chief chazan Lázár Löwy
for 40 years of loyal service to the Jewish community, 9 June 1931
JewishGen, Inc. makes no representations regarding the accuracy of
the translation. The reader may wish to refer to the original material
JewishGen is not responsible for inaccuracies or omissions in the original work and cannot rewrite or edit the text to correct inaccuracies and/or omissions.
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Updated 5 Sep 2009 by LA | <urn:uuid:ebce6cf9-c8e4-48ec-a451-675b185080ad> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.jewishgen.org/yizkor/papa/pap121.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368696382584/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516092622-00023-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.980651 | 3,866 | 1.984375 | 2 |
Brown rice is tricky to make. Here is a way to make brown rice without making a bowl of mush!
Brown rice (I used 2 cups)
water (I used 8 cups of water)
Salt and pepper to taste
Rinse rice in cold water. Bring a water to boil over high heat. Add rice to boiling water, give it a quick stir. Turn heat to medium and cook uncovered for 30 minutes. Stir occasionally. After 30 minutes, drain the water. Return the rice to pot and cover, off the heat. Let rice steam for 10 minutes. Uncover, fluff with fork, add salt and pepper to taste. *Use approximately four cups of water for every one cup of rice. | <urn:uuid:b75f878e-2ff4-4c97-a8fc-63d74600b8ef> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.swearingmoms.com/4/post/2012/08/brown-rice.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368705953421/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516120553-00014-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.905261 | 146 | 1.851563 | 2 |
THIS SUMMER, SEE THE LAST THING A LEMUR WANTS TO SEE
Posted On Monday, April 20, 2009
(Salt Lake City, UT) - They sneered at you in the animated movie, now you can see fossa and other rare island creatures as part of Madagascar! at Hogle Zoo opening Saturday May 16, 2009. Madagascar, an island once only known as a rest stop for pirate ships, is now one of the most precious examples of natural heritage on the planet. 75% of Madagascar's animals are only found on this island, and now this summer they’re in Salt Lake City.
For over 150 million years, Madagascar was isolated from Africa so most of the plants and animals found on the island do not exist elsewhere. Due to habitat destruction and hunting, many of Madagascar's unique animals are threatened with extinction. This year's exhibit features strange and unique animals indigenous to this small island like tenrecs, hissing cockroaches, radiated tortoises, tree boas and the especially mysterious and vicious fossa. Hogle Zoo is excited to present these animals to members and visitors, and will use
Madagascar! to promote conservation of this island's delicate ecosystem.
Conceptualized by Hogle Zoo keeper Nate Strong, Madagascar! showcases animals not usually seen in zoos, like the elusive fossa whose diet in the wild consists primarily of lemurs. Strong says, "It will be particularly fascinating to work with the fossa because they are arboreal [able to climb trees] and will make a one of a kind education opportunity for visitors." Animal Care Supervisor Jane Larson adds, "Not only are fossa fierce carnivores, since they're climbers, we will provide them with ample branches throughout their space," taking Hogle Zoo's Tropical Garden area from a southern Bayou last year to a tropical wonderland in 2009.
The Red Island as Madagascar is also known, is a land of adventure and surprises, where wild space offers unforgettable experiences. Truly a live museum, Madagascar is a paradise nearly lost that will soon be found this summer at Utah's Hogle Zoo. For more information about Madagascar! at Utah’s Hogle Zoo, contact Community Relations Coordinator Holly Braithwaite at (801) 584-1729 or email at email@example.com.
About the Association of Zoos & Aquariums: Utah's Hogle Zoo is one of only 218 institutions accredited by the Association of Zoos & Aquariums (AZA). Look for the AZA logo whenever you visit a zoo or aquarium as your assurance that you are supporting a facility dedicated to providing excellent care for animals, a great experience for you, and a better future for all living things. AZA is a leader in global wildlife conservation, and your link to helping animals in their native habitats. For more information visit www.aza.org.
# # # | <urn:uuid:ad32ade1-8b42-49f2-8295-187b85074b22> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://www.hoglezoo.org/about/news_media/press_releases/04-20-2009/this-summer,-see-the-last-thing-a-lemur-wants-to-see | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368702448584/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516110728-00016-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.921746 | 603 | 2.484375 | 2 |