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- You Are What You Search
- Pressing Pause
Still, there is no chance that this sort of data could get out on the Internet, right? Wrong! It's already happened. Last year, AOL accidentally exposed data on 20 million Web searches by more than 650,000 users, along with their IP addresses. To this day, you can still find the file online.
Search companies are feeling pressure to limit what personal search can do. Many are updating their privacy polices to limit how long they keep search data. Microsoft has said it will permanently remove the IP address and other identifying data associated with Web searches after 18 months unless the searcher wants the information stored longer.
The quiet reception that Google Web History has received shows how far we have come. When DoubleClick, now a part of Google, pioneered cookies in the 1990s, tracking users online was revolutionary. Now we are letting the same companyplus a few billion dollars and access to the world's most widely used search enginego even further. I don't have a big problem with tracking cookie data or tying them to IP addresses. But when it comes to profiling individuals' searches, that is a different story.
Most people online don't realize it, but they have already signed up to be searched. If you have the PageRank features in Google Toolbar turned on, the company can already track your search behaviors. Who knows what Yahoo! and Microsoft use, but you can bet they can track you, too. Google Web History just lets you see the results as well.
It is worth trying Google History for a while. It will give you pause. Fortunately, Google also gives you a Pause option.
blog comments powered by Disqus
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Written by Phil Guarnieri Friday, 29 June 2012 00:00
For years, the idea of the euro was unloved, unwanted and unwept for. Europe never desired a common currency; it was something foreign to their way of doing business. Take the Germans, they loathed the idea of surrendering their cherished D-mark, which had become more than a measure of currency; it was an heroic symbol of post-war recovery, a Phoenix rising from the ashes of war transforming charnel houses into palaces of wealth. Most other Europeans felt the same as the Germans. Even the economists and the bankers were deeply skeptical that a single currency would be some sort of magic wand fostering European integration and solidarity.
So what happened? If everyone was against the euro, then who was for it? The politicians, who else? The idea of a united, democratic Europe was a delicious prospect to savor. A European economic engine firing off all cylinders was theoretically capable of surpassing the Promethean might of the United States. Salivating at the notion of frolicking in the empyrean precincts of the gods, Europe dove head first into shallow water.
Elites are predisposed to thinking they know what’s best for everyone else even though history is fraught with examples of their stunning lack of prescience. But for the masses the euro has proven anything but platitudinously popular, especially as the carcinoma of indebtedness voraciously devours the entrails of Europe’s economic presumptions. Europe has been living beyond its means for years, the southern tier of the continent most conspicuously of all, which has resulted, since the adoption of the euro, in the transfer of wealth from Northern European countries such as Germany, Holland and Belgium to the needier, financially dissolute states of Southern Europe such as Greece, Italy, Portugal and Spain.
Indeed, the practical difficulties of implementing the euro, if not insurmountable, were staggeringly immense. Reality was twisted and tortured under the crucible of an ideal whose authenticity was not infrequently the progeny of wishful thinking. The proponents who believed Europe would unite, more or less, under the same auspices that economically integrated the North and South of the United States failed to understand, as Alexander Hamilton did, that what engendered this amalgamation was a pre-existing tableau of linguistic and cultural commonality that made the marriage highly desirable. European integration was a concept stillborn from birth. At the molecular level, the chemistry for a European union wasn’t right; it was embryonically challenged from the moment of conception and a safe delivery from its womb of unwarranted expectations was ambiguous if not downright doubtful.
The euro simply involved too many countries with too many ingredients. Even at the most fundamental level, it was nearly impossible to reconcile all of the conflicting variables. It became a towering task, to use but one example, to set a single interest rate that would be sensible for all. Somehow, political leaders convinced themselves that these different circumstances and different cultures would in themselves provide the motivation for the continent to congeal into a single political and economic unit. Well, as the great playwright Eugene O’Neill said, “Man cannot live without illusion.”
Countries like France, which is heavily unionized, were never going to come to the table accepting wage reductions. The very notion of austerity in its quasi-socialistic, entitlement culture is ludicrous; the French are the French. Germany also has powerful unions and generous welfare benefits, but not to the extent where it has asphyxiated the nation’s productive capacity. This has led richer countries and central bankers to devise rescue packages to prop up failing banks and keep the exposed southern European countries connected to the euro. Far from dissolving the migraine, temples are throbbing in Portugal, Ireland, Italy and Spain. Just when you think German Chancellor Angela Merkel & Co. have tranquilized the festering situation with another hastily put together settlement, another crisis percolates with even higher stakes.
Greece, the poster child of aberrant economics, has behaved so recklessly that one wonders if it’s a country or an insane asylum. Greece makes the state of California, at its worst, look like a model of fiscal probity. Economic policies in Greece seem to act on the presumption that not only does money grow on trees but that there is a whole forest of them. For all intents and purposes, Greece has already defaulted on its debts and no amount of financial re-structuring by the European Central Bank can camouflage its catastrophic implications. It is one thing, of course, for the Greeks to live radically beyond their means but now that it’s part of the European economic fabric, their problems become everyone else’s and hence the throwing of repeated lifelines. Everything’s connected. When Martin Luther was a rebellious monk in the years before he ignited the Reformation, he complained that he could not break wind in Wittenberg without them smelling it in Rome. The same is true of Greece’s travails as we get a whiff of it here, all the way across the Atlantic, as our sagging stock market will attest.
Greece seems inclined to go on picking the pocket of its brethren in the euro zone as long as the rescuers remain compliant about being robbed. Pro-bailout parties in Greece won the general election assuring its larcenous practices will continue, but in truth this will do no more than delay Greece’s exit from the euro. Defaulting, while remaining inside the euro, remains an option for Greece but it’s neither a viable or wise one. The country would have to pay its debts with expensive euros leading to more inadequate bailouts and encouraging other countries paddling their own leaky boats to ignore fiscal rectitude and await deliverance from a similar economic messiah, most likely Germany, whose citizens are tired of seeing their country acting as some ATM for bankrupt economies who show little interest in righting their errant ways.
It is, I trust, no surprise that indefinite transfers of wealth are not the answer to Europe’s gnawing conundrum. Frankly, none of the options is very appealing, but the one with the best long-term prospect is for Greece to leave the euro and adopt a new Greek drachma at some X value that would be worth substantially less than the euro. This redenomination would devalue Greece’s indebtedness giving them a fighting chance of extinguishing some of its crushing debt. That’s not a zero-sum game, for it would harm Western European banks that have given Greece huge loans. Still, rapid recoveries under the aegis of similar plans are not unheard of and if financial assistance from wealthier countries and the ECB are not drastically cut back one might begin to see a faint light at the end of a long dark tunnel.
The lesson in all this, other than intramural cooperation among different cultures, histories and economies is almost impossibly problematic, is that profligacy is a mortal sin of democracy. Politicians want to feel the love and being generous to voting constituencies with other people’s money has proven a surefire way to achieve perpetuity in elected office. The United States has not reached this level of fiscal debauchery, but it sure seems to be trying. The historian Barbara Tuchman once noted that history is a distant mirror, but the reflection we see from Europe may be nearer to our own than we realize. If we become a nation of the unheeding, while ignoring what’s happening in Europe, we walk blindfolded into a future full of minefields.
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The toes and ball of the foot are reflex to the upper part of the body. The central area of the arch is reflex to the torso. The heal is related to the parts of the body below the waist. While it is interesting to know what each aspect of the foot is reflex to, it is not important to the outcome of the therapy. Please do not sabotage the whole body benefits that you can receive from the application of massage to your to your feet by needing to know what each sore area represents. Find the sore points and work on them, keep it simple.
First do pressure massage over the entire foot. Usually the bottom of the foot is the primary focus; however, the top of the foot and the ankle area are rich with reflexes as well. As you are massaging the whole foot note areas of particular tenderness. Come back and work specifically on the tender areas. These are the reflexes that need it the most. Stimulating them and working out the soreness will help the organs, glands and tissues that are associated through the reflex mechanism to function in a more way.
Generally the pressure is applied by the thumbs. It will take a while to build up your thumbs. Alternate the techniques for pressure application by using bunched, extended fingers, the knuckles, the heel of the hand or a gripping motion where the whole hand provides the force for pressing inward with the four fingers. Start with light pressure and work up to substantial pressure. Imagine the pressure necessary to impress a new tennis ball or the force necessary to pick up a brick between your thumb and index finger. These are images to give you guidance on the amount of pressure necessary. If it hurts, back off. Notice that over a few days generally the amount of soreness will change.
- Self-Applied Massage of the Hands
- Self-Applied Massage of the Ears
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Firefighters in British Columbia struggled Sunday morning to contain some 500 forest fires that have forced the evacuation of 2,700 people and left 2,300 more ready to leave at a moment’s notice.
Wild Winds and a lack of humidity helped revive two blazes that have been burning for nearly two weeks at Terrace Mountain, near the town of Kelowna, about 400 kilometers (249 miles) east of Vancouver.
The fires, which were estimated on Saturday to be affecting around 4,575 hectares (11,305 acres), grew significantly overnight, firefighter spokeswoman Suzanne Von der Porter told the Vancouver Sun newspaper.
The danger posed by the rapid progress of the blazes forced firefighters to pause their efforts temporarily, she said, adding that 2,700 residents who had returned to their homes two days earlier were ordered to evacuate them again on Saturday.
Another 2,300 residents of the town of Lillooet have been told to be ready to evacuate at a moment’s notice, according to local media, after a fire sparked by lightning continued to rage close by on Sunday morning.
“The situation is critical. It’s still hot and dry. We did get a few drops of rain, but nothing significant for this fire,” said Isabelle Jacques, a fire information officer with the province’s Forest Service.
Temperatures that have consistently hit over 30 degrees Celsius (86 degrees Fahrenheit), combined with low humidity and lightning, have caused the worst forest fires in British Columbia’s history.
More than 1,000 firefighters from the province have been deployed, along with 400 of their colleagues from Ontario, Manitoba, Saskatchewan and Alberta. Another 250 firefighters joined the efforts on Sunday.
British Columbia’s Premier Gordon Campbell said Friday that 531 fires were burning across the province and he warned residents to avoid local forests, where they could be trapped by fires or accidentally start new ones.
Popularity: 3% [?]
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No matter what.your views on guns and crime - this is a column well worth the time to read.
The gun reform that truly gets Mr. Bratton fired up is one you don't hear much about these days. It is what he calls "certainty of punishment," or stricter gun-crime sentences.
"People are out on the streets who should be in jail. Jail is appropriate for anyone who uses a gun in the commission of an act of violence. Some cities have a deplorable lack of attention to this issue," he says, citing Philadelphia.
In Chicago, where the murder rate rose 16% last year, "to try to put someone in jail for gun-related activity you really have to go the extra mile," he says. "If there's one crime for which there has to be a certainty of punishment, it is gun violence." He ticks off other places where help is needed: "Oakland, Chicago, D.C., Baltimore—all have gangs whose members have no capacity for caring about life and respect for life. Someone like that? Put 'em in jail. Get 'em off the streets. Keep people safe."
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Jungle trekking in Malaysia's Taman Negara
Rhett A. Butler, mongabay.com
March 21, 2006
Despite these losses, Malaysia has some spectacular protected areas including Taman Negara — Malaysia's largest and best-known national park. Spanning 4343 square kilometers, the park is home to some of southeast Asia's rarest creatures including tigers, the Malaysian tapir, forest elephants, and the Sumatran rhino.
Scientists believe that the rainforest of Taman Negara may be the oldest on Earth. Untouched by glaciers during recent ice ages, Taman Negara forests have remained largely the same for some 130 million years — for comparison, the rainforests of the Amazon as we would recognize them are probably less than ten million years old. Their stability means these forests are some of the most diverse on the planet. More than 350 species of birds, 14000 species of plants, and 210 species of mammals can be found in the forests of Taman Negara.
Frog lunch for a snake in Taman Negara. Photo by R. Butler
Tours to Taman Negara are easily arranged out of Kuala Lumpur or through Internet operators and there are a variety of lodging options near the park's entrance. Once in the park, you can hike on your own or make arrangements with local guides, who may help you see some of the forest's more elusive creatures. Remember that hiring a local guide brings direct benefits to the community that lives around the Taman Negara. Conservation works best when it proves economically viable for local people.
Photo tour of Taman Negara
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For researchers and manufacturing operations developing quantities of quality bulk chemicals in highly optimized continuous processes at a relatively low price.
Laboratories testing bulk chemicals are faced with significant pressures to lower costs, control waste, reduce inventory, increase efficiency, and maintain regulatory compliance, all while experiencing exponential growth in data acquisition, tracking and management. Fierce market and competitive forces drive the creation of new compounds and lowered margins by improving throughput, maximizing yield and efficiently and effectively resolving quality problems faster. In order to assure the quality of products, optimize the efficiency and throughput of continuous processes, and comply with governmental product and safety standards, chemical companies must control their processes with rigorous testing and real-time monitoring. Our innovative bulk chemical testing capabilities are a key component in this effort and include advanced trace chemical analysis, diverse analytical capabilities and identification of chemicals composition, unknown materials and chemical contamination.
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The history of hardcore punk–the tougher, faster, and more politically minded stepchild of the ’70s punk movement that arose in the ’80s–is examined in exuberant detail in Paul Rachman’s documentary American Hardcore. Rachman’s cameras careen across the landscape of the U.S. to trace the movement’s beginnings in cities like Los Angeles, Washington, D.C., and New York, and cherrypicks interviews with the musicians that helped shape its sound and impact, including Henry Rollins and Greg Ginn of Black Flag, H.R. (frontman for the highly influential, all-African American outfit Bad Brains), Ian MacKaye of Minor Threat (and now Fugazi), and many others.
Hardcore’s violent reaction against the Reagan administration and the complacent mindset of middle-class America is also detailed in countless performance footage clips and poster-art reproductions, which do much to dismiss the popular opinion of hardcore as nothing more than mindless hooliganism.
Some fans may find the omission of certain bands a considerable oversight (San Francisco’s lethally satirical Dead Kennedys are not mentioned only in passing), but for most punk devotees, American Hardcore will be vital and essential viewing.
The full documentary is not available at this moment. Buy the DVD at Amazon.com.
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& Philosophy List
Harnessing Innovative Technology
in Higher Education:
Access, Equity, Policy, and Instruction
Kathleen P. King and Joan K. Griggs
Technology insinuated itself into higher
education swiftly and permanently. Suddenly, the potential uses for the
new technology seemed endless. Academic institutions responded
quickly—each trying to meet individual needs and creating varied uses.
However, as the trend matured, institutions found that they were each
reinventing systems that someone had already created and the cost of
working this way was high.
In response to these factors, the Fund for
the Improvement of Postsecodary Education (FIPSE) created a visionary
grant program which encouraged creativity and collaboration. The funded
projects were innovative and have had a tremendous impact on the
distance learning. This book reports on some of those programs, along
with an analysis and synthesis of what worked and why.
Kathleen King and Susan Biro write in the
Innovative technology in higher education
provides the opportunity to identify needs among our communities and
learners, envision solutions, and identify the technology, resources,
partnerships, and programs to make it happen. In the process, we learn
that the pathway is not linear, and that as we are learning about
technology along the way, we are also learning about our learners, our
organizations, and ourselves. Working with innovative technologies to
provide distance education in higher education is a dynamic and
intensive process of envisioning, shaping, and discovering the future
of teaching and learning and technology all at once.
Readers will find though-provoking
discussions and resources for harnessing the technology to do the work
of the future.
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Goal Setting Steps
Happy New Year! It’s time for setting goals and New Year’s resolutions. In the videos I share steps that I believe to be effective in setting goals that you can achieve this year and beyond. Here are the steps in summary:
Write a list of what you are grateful for last year. This will help you see that you did accomplish things and also that although you might not have accomplished everything, you accomplished other things in the process. This will boost your confidence again to set new goals.
Set goals that are in line with your mission or something big that you’re working towards. Find your mission or purpose to have more meaning and inspiration in your life.
3. Set balanced goals
Set goals that encompass all areas of life namely: spiritual, mental, vocational, financial, social, familial and physical. The balance will help you have a more fulfilling life.
4. Keep it real
Set goals that are truly in line with what you love. Don’t set goals that are purely to please other people because you won’t follow through with them.
5. Set positive goals
Phrase goals in a positive manner so that they remain inspiring and always relevant.
Set goals that are SMART – specific, measurable, attainable, relevant and time-bound.
7. Chunk your goals down
Break your goals down into sub goals that are manageable. When your goals look too big without sub goals, they will make you feel overwhelmed and you might not follow through.
See yourself in your mind having attained the goal. Utilize all your senses in your visualization.
Act immediately. Write down your goals and affirmations and take daily action towards your goals.
Find someone to be accountable to so that you remain on track. This could be a friend, group of people or a coach.
Remember to do what you love in 2012! All the best!
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RFK Jr. Attacks Bush, Oil Industry for ‘Wild West’ Drilling, Gulf Coast Oil Spill
In an appearance on "Rick's List," Kennedy opined that as a nation "we should be moving away from our deadly addiction to oil. Not only because of the damage it's doing in the Gulf, but we are exporting, we are borrowing a billion dollars a day in our country mainly from nations that don't share our values."
But then Kennedy attacked President George W. Bush and the oil industry as a whole for the tragic spill still being dealt with off the Louisiana coastline. The founder of Waterkeeper Alliance, a left-wing environmental group, told Sanchez that his organization filed a class-action lawsuit on the behalf of Louisiana fishermen.
Host Rick Sanchez asked "What did these guys do wrong? Were they careless?"
Kennedy replied affirmatively and went on to attack not merely the single company (British Petroleum) responsible for the drilling platform, but the entire oil industry and the Bush administration:
"But because of the oil industry's influence on the Bush administration -- the Bush administration waved that requirement [for acoustic regulators used in Europe]. So it made the oil spills intrinsically much more dangerous," Kennedy claimed.
Kennedy said the oil industry had been a "very bad neighbor in the Gulf." "There's been 858 spills, explosions and fires since 2001. And the government has essentially, the regulatory agencies have essentially turned their backs. And, and blocked their ears," Kennedy claimed.
No context was given for those figures. According to the American Petroleum Institute, an organization that represents the oil industry, oil spillage from offshore platforms has decreased by 95 percent since the 1970s.
There were no oil industry spokesmen quoted in the segment, although Sanchez made it clear that CNN asked BP for an interview or statement and BP declined.
Kennedy claimed that the industry should have been doing a lot more and more federal oversight was necessary: "... again the Bush administration the federal oversight over these offshore drilling rigs was virtually lifted. It was the Wild West out there, the industry did whatever it wanted assuring the American public that something like this could never happen. But at the same time the regulators were -- the regulatory agency was cut -- the budget was cut to almost nothing..."
In 2009, The Minerals Management Service, the part of the Interior Department that regulates offshore oil drilling, had a budget of $310 million.
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Fly Fishing in the Outer Hebrides
By Allan Shephard AAPGAI
The Outer Hebrides or Western Isles are a string of islands lying off the west coast of Scotland. The climate of the islands is generally mild and wet and often windy. The major islands are Lewis and Harris, North Uist, Benbecula, South Uist and Barra.
There is a huge amount of fishing in the Outer Hebrides, on some islands there seems to be more water than land! Fishing for trout is often freely available and Salmon and Sea Trout fishing can sometimes be booked at short notice by visiting anglers. The scenery is often spectacular and you will share your days by the water with red deer, golden eagles and otters.
Loch fishing is the mainstay of Hebridean Fishing and to a greater extent one set of tackle will cover the majority of fly fishing situations you will encounter. So take a 10' 7 weight fly rod, matching fly reel and floating fly line, such as a Sportfish Purecast #7 Outfit. In some circumstances a slow sinking fly line may be useful but many of the lochs are quite shallow so this is not necessary.
Lewis – Major Fisheries
Grimersta – The most famous salmon fishery on the island. A series of rivers and lochs and one of the most prolific fisheries in Europe.
Baravas – Salmon and Sea-Trout fishing on the Baravas river and Loch Mor Baravas. Good fishing at modest cost.
Creed – River fishing on 4 miles of water for salmon and Sea trout
Garynahine – Fishing on the Blackwater River system and associated Lochs.
Uig and Hamanavay – Hebridean river and loch fishing with unique opportunites to cast flies to shoals of salmon and grilse in saltwater
Soval – Salmon fly fishing on the Laxay river.
Amhuinnsuidhe – Superb Salmon and Sea-Trout fishing on nine river and loch systems in glorious surroundings.
Borve Lodge – Salmon and sea–trout fishing on lower lochs in the Laxdale system. The lower loch Fincastle is separated from the sea by a dam wall. At low tide sea pools form below the dam as the river flows across the beach. Summer spates encourage fish further up the system.
Obbe – Five linked lochs providing Salmon, Sea trout and Trout fishing.
Rodel – Gorgeous game fishery in the south of Harris.
Fishing on around 800 lochs controlled by North Uist Estate. Great sea trout fishing in sea pools and lochs with salmon and excellent brown trout fishing.
Justifiable famous for brown trout fishing, South Uist and Benbecular offer spectacular fishing in 800 or so lochs. There are a number of Machair (fertile low lying land with high sea shell content) lochs with fertile alkaline water capable of producing large trout in excess of 5lbs, plus lochs with brackish water containing pink fleshed brownies that live their lives in saltwater. Most of the lochs will have a population of small trout that will be more or less numerous depending on the fertility of the loch in question.
There is also some great salmon and sea trout fishing available on seven lochs mainly on the west coast that connect to the sea. Sea trout reach good sizes with fish into double figures caught most years.
Machair loch fishing and salmon/sea-trout fishing is controlled by South Uist Estate, Trout fishing on South Uist is controlled by South Uist AC and freely available. Some migratory fish are also caught in these waters. Weekly bank fishing tickets are currently £30 – perhaps the best bargain in fly fishing!
For more details of fishing in the Outer Hebrides click here and The Outer Hebrides Fisheries Trust tel 01851 703434.
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The Full Story Behind Antioxidants February 12, 2010Posted by zach in Biology, Chemistry, Exercise, Health, Nutrition, Physiology.
A recent article out of Kansas State University by Steven Copp shows that antioxidants may not be everything the media has hyped them up to be in being able to increase muscle performance. Their data shows that in certain cases when people supplement antioxidants they can actually impair muscle function. While antioxidants at certain dosages may be considered an ergogenic aid, there has been a large amount of media hype which has attributed to their recent growth.
Copp found that antioxidants can have an effect on the blood flow in the muscles. This is possible by antioxidants decreasing the concentration of oxidants in our body. This all sounds good, but hydrogen peroxide which is naturally occurring pro-oxidant in our body is a vasodilator. In short when you supplement large quantities of antioxidants you are drastically decreasing oxidant concentration in your body, this in turn can cause your veins to constrict from a lack of vasodilators, which limits the amount of oxygen to your muscles. This effect can lead to changes in key signaling mechanisms that can also have adverse effects on functioning muscles.
With all this being said it’s not that you should stop eating antioxidant rich foods. Researchers are still looking at the full physiological effect of antioxidants on exercise training. What the researchers are saying is you have to consider your antioxidant pro-oxidant balance. Next time you are at the store and see antioxidant supplements claiming to have extraordinary effects, you may want to look at the science behind what you are buying before you buy a supplement that has a null effect on your muscle performance.
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IT is fashionable these days for Western leaders to praise Indonesia as a model Muslim democracy.
Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton has declared:
“If you want to know whether Islam, democracy, modernity and women’s rights can coexist, go to Indonesia.”
And last month Britain’s prime minister, David Cameron, lauded Indonesia for showing that
“religion and democracy need not be in conflict.”
Tell that to Asia Lumbantoruan, a Christian elder whose congregation outside Jakarta has recently had two of its partially built churches burned down by Islamist militants. He was stabbed by these extremists while defending a third site from attack in September 2010.
This week in Geneva, the United Nations is reviewing Indonesia’s human rights record. It should call on President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono to crack down on extremists and protect minorities.
While Indonesia has made great strides in consolidating a stable, democratic government after five decades of authoritarian rule, the country is by no means a bastion of tolerance. The rights of religious and ethnic minorities are routinely trampled. While Indonesia’s Constitution protects freedom of religion, regulations against blasphemy and proselytizing are routinely used to prosecute atheists, Bahais, Christians, Shiites, Sufis and members of the Ahmadiyya faith — a Muslim sect declared to be deviant in many Islamic countries. By 2010, Indonesia had over 150 religiously motivated regulations restricting minorities’ rights.
In 2006, Mr. Yudhoyono, in a new decree on “religious harmony,” tightened criteria for building a house of worship. The decree is enforced only on religious minorities — often when Islamists pressure local officials not to authorize the construction of Christian churches or to harass and intimidate those worshiping in “illegal” churches, which lack official registration.
More than 400 such churches have been closed since Mr. Yudhoyono took office in 2004.
Although the government has cracked down on Jemaah Islamiyah, an Al Qaeda affiliate that has bombed hotels, bars and embassies, it has not intervened to stop other Islamist militants who regularly commit less publicized crimes against religious minorities. Mr. Yudhoyono’s government is reluctant to take them on because it rules Indonesia in a coalition with intolerant Islamist political parties.
Mr. Yudhoyono is not simply turning a blind eye; he has actively courted conservative Islamist elements and relies on them to maintain his majority in Parliament, even granting them key cabinet positions. These appointments send a message to Indonesia’s population and embolden Islamist extremists to use violence against minorities.
In August 2011, for example, Muslim militants burned down three Christian churches on Sumatra. No one was charged and officials have prevented the congregations from rebuilding their churches. And on the outskirts of Jakarta, two municipalities have refused to obey Supreme Court orders to reopen two sealed churches; Mr. Yudhoyono claimed he had no authority to intervene.
Christians are not the only targets.
In June 2008, the Yudhoyono administration issued a decree requiring the Ahmadiyya sect to “stop spreading interpretations and activities that deviate from the principal teachings of Islam,” including its fundamental belief that there was a prophet after Muhammad. The government said the decree was necessary to prevent violence against the sect. But provincial and local governments used the decree to write even stricter regulations. Muslim militants, who consider the Ahmadiyya heretics, then forcibly shut down more than 30 Ahmadiyya mosques.
In the deadliest attack, in western Java in February 2011, three Ahmadiyya men were killed. A cameraman recorded the violence, and versions of it were posted on YouTube.
An Indonesian court eventually prosecuted 12 militants for the crime, but handed down paltry sentences of only four to six months. Mr. Yudhoyono has also failed to protect ethnic minorities who have peacefully called for independence in the country’s eastern regions of Papua and the Molucca Islands. During demonstrations in Papua on May 1, one protester was killed and 13 were arrested. And last October, the government brutally suppressed the Papuan People’s Congress, beating dozens and killing three people.
While protesters were jailed and charged with treason, the police chief in charge of security that day was promoted.
Almost 100 people remain in prison for peacefully protesting. Dozens are ill, but the government has denied them proper treatment, claiming it lacks the money. Even the Suharto dictatorship allowed the International Committee of the Red Cross to visit political prisoners, yet the Yudhoyono government has banned the I.C.R.C. from working in Papua.
Instead of praising Indonesia, nations that support tolerance and free speech should publicly demand that Indonesia respect religious freedom, release political prisoners and lift restrictions on media and human rights groups in Papua.
Mr. Yudhoyono needs to take charge of this situation by revoking discriminatory regulations, demanding that his coalition partners respect the religious freedom of all minorities in word and in deed, and enforcing the constitutional protection of freedom of worship. He must also make it crystal clear that Islamist hard-liners who commit or incite violence and the police who fail to protect the victims will be punished. Only then will Indonesia be deserving of Mr. Cameron and Mrs. Clinton’s praise.
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Libraries + Publishers + Google
If you haven't used Google Books, you're missing out on a great information resource. Google Books has partnered with libraries and publishers to scan whole books from cover to cover. That doesn't mean that you can see every page (although for some books you can) but you can search every page.
Using Google Books, you can search every single word of every single page of millions of digitized books. That's power.
After completing the module for Google Books, you should be able to:
- Identify options for viewing books.
- Demonstrate how to locate more information about the books.
- Demonstrate how to locate books in a nearby library.
updated: 28 August, 2009
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How Long Do Cold Sores Last?
Answer To The Question How Long Do Cold Sores Last
Before turning to the question how long do cold sores last, one should know what cold sores actually are. Cold sores are caused when the herpes simplex 1 virus in a personís body gets active. The virus, usually dormant inside the body, becomes active when a person tends to suffer from anxiety, stress, physical injury or depression.
Anyone suffering from cold sores may find the situation very uncomfortable and irritating as they may cause pain and skin irritation. The infected person would wonder how long do cold sores last. No matter however troublesome they may be, cold sores are perfectly harmless even if they are untreated.
In answer to the question how long do cold sores last, it can be said that it generally requires a couple of weeks for the cold sores to get completely cured. If the disease is not offered proper medical treatment, it will take around 8-12 days to get rid of. Getting relief from cold sores actually depends on the immunity system of the body. When immunity is revived, cold sores get healed as well. Home remedies and medical attention can speed up the healing process and they can be healed in a week’s time.
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Nurturing “A Beautiful Tree”
By Hasan Zillur Rahim
“The Beautiful Tree” is a book that lays bare the bankruptcy of Western ideas about free primary education in developing countries. Written by British educator James Tooley and supported by data from the field, it shows how the poor of the world are taking charge of their educational destiny, and how foreign money and governmental collusion threaten to undermine them.
Tooley’s odyssey began in Hyderabad, India, in 2000. A chance stroll through the old city’s teeming slums led him to dozens of makeshift schools where children of rickshaw pullers, street vendors, laborers and society’s assorted underclass were receiving their basic education. The teachers were animated and energetic, the students eager and curious, far more than what he saw in the government and elite schools in the city and its affluent suburbs.
Ignored by western aid agencies and harassed by government officials, a vast network of private schools in these low-income areas have been serving the poor for years. They are locally owned and funded, in contrast to the free public schools that receive copious financial aid from western donors and NGOs. Yet the poor send their children to these private schools, supporting them with fees from their meager income.
They made this conscious decision, Tooley found, because they had compared the public and private schools in their areas and found the education in the latter superior. They could see the transformative power of knowledge in their children as they moved through the grades, even though they had no education themselves.
Tooley’s discovery was as simple as it was profound: The poor chose self-reliance over dependency. They were the best agents of their change, from poverty to prosperity.
Guaranteed salaries in government schools meant that many teachers, beneficiaries of political patronage, rarely showed up for work, and when they did, spent much of their time sleeping or relaxing rather than teaching. “I don’t care whether students learn anything or not. I always collect my pay at the end of the month,” was how one teacher put it.
In contrast, teachers in the fee-charging private schools had to earn their wings every day, or else they were fired. Accountability, combined with a genuine desire to shape young minds, motivated these poorly-paid teachers to excel in their craft, reflected in the higher scores of private school students over their counterparts in government schools.
From numerous interactions with aid executives, public school officials and teachers, Tooley came to understand the philosophy guiding western donors and NGOs: The natives, many of them poor ignoramuses, don’t know what’s best for them. We do. We will fund the construction of schools, bring technology into classrooms, train teachers on western styles of teaching and make education free for all. Good salaries and incentives will ensure a large supply of locals who will buy into our ideas, implement them as directed and stifle any renegade educational movements.
But the private schools of Hyderabad thrived under the most challenging conditions imaginable. Operating as for-profit businesses, the owners provided philanthropy to destitute parents as needed, while holding teachers to the highest standards of behavior, punctuality and subject-mastery and evaluating them on the performance of their students. Tooley felt inspired simply by talking with school owners and teachers like Fazlur Rahman Khurrum, Mohammed Wajid, “Sajid-Sir,” and Maria. The success of their approach was evident in the lively and high-achieving students of their schools.
Was this phenomenon unique to the backstreets and alleys of Hyderabad, Tooley wondered, or was it prevalent elsewhere in the world as well?
For the next several years, Tooley traveled to slums, shantytowns and villages in Nigeria, Ghana, Kenya, Somaliland, Zimbabwe and China. Though separated by language and culture, he found the same drive among the poor to educate their children in indigenous schools operating on shoe-string budgets rather than in free, government schools. The school owners were animated by the same ideas he found in Hyderabad: that a monopoly, as practiced by foreign-funded public schools, bred failure while a competitive educational model based on self-reliance and accountability ensured success.
In his investigation, Tooley uncovered facts that turned conventional wisdom on its head. One such was that the British brought education to the uneducated masses of the subcontinent. Yet data collected in India in early 19th century showed that there were over 20,000 schools and colleges with over 160,000 students in just 20 districts alone, before the British imported their system. Students included the poorest and the most disadvantaged. Thomas Munro, governor of the Madras Presidency, had to acknowledge that this level of educational enrollment “is higher than it was in most European countries at no very distant period.” Similar high-volume schooling was prevalent in Bengal, Bombay and the Punjab, as evident from one of the reports published in 1841 by the University of Kolkata, titled “State of Education in Bengal 1835-38.”
Citing these figures, Mahatma Gandhi said at Chatham House, London, on October 20, 1931, that “today India is more illiterate than it was fifty or a hundred years ago … because the British administrators, when they came to India, instead of taking hold of things as they were, began to root them out. They scratched the soil and began to look at the root, and left the root like that, and the beautiful tree perished.”
What was the beautiful tree Gandhi was referring to? It was the network of private schools, “closely interwoven with the habits of the people and the customs of the country,” throughout India that served students both poor and rich. Philip Hartog, a former vice-chancellor of Dhaka University, was in the audience when Gandhi made his assertion, and was incensed by it. He set out to prove Gandhi, who was imprisoned in 1932 on his return to India, wrong.
It is rich in irony that Tooley, an Englishman (he chose the title “The Beautiful Tree” for his book as homage to Gandhi), dissects Hartog’s arguments point by point almost seven decades later and proves that Gandhi was, in fact, right. Far from bringing education to India, as the British congratulated themselves on doing, they instead crowded out the already-flourishing private education system with their alien system. Illiteracy increased as a consequence.
Tooley is particularly critical of Thomas Babington Macaulay (1800-1859), the architect of the public schooling system in existence in India today and across the developing world where the British wielded influence. Macaulay was openly dismissive of indigenous scholarship and installed a centralized system of “free” education, with mandatory paraphernalia for every school, buildings and so forth. As Gandhi wrote, “This very poor country of mine is ill able to sustain such an expensive method of education.” Gandhi wished to return to a system of “private schools for the poor, funded mostly by fees and a little philanthropy.”
Whether it is the World Bank or Department for International Development (DfID), UNDP, Oxfam, UNESCO, UNICEF, Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation or well-meaning celebrities like Bono, Tooley believes that “development experts today, academics, aid agency officials, and the pop stars and actors and who encourage them, are modern day Macaulays.”
While they believe in the importance of education, they are also convinced that without their intervention, the poor will be doomed. Like Macaulay, they will not even admit to the possibility that the poor can meet their educational aspirations on their own. Macaulay thought there was only one way to educate Indians, and that was to install a uniform and centralized system that suited the British upper classes. The modern Macaulays hold the same view, that only publicly funded systems that serve Britain and America is also the solution, particularly for the poor, in developing countries. “My journey,” Tooley writes, “across Africa and India, and into history, leads me to believe that they are as mistaken today as Macaulay was then.”
Through inquiry and analysis, as opposed to theorizing and acting on received wisdom, Tooley has offered compelling evidence that the world’s poor are not waiting for educational handouts. They are building their own schools and educating themselves, a surer path to universal literacy and prosperity than the sterile ideas and practices of development experts.
Tooley’s observations point the way to a promising future for developing nations. They must find a way to unlock the potential of their poor citizens. It can be done if educational entrepreneurs like Fazlur Rahman Khurrum and Maria build self-sustaining schools in urban slums and villages and transform them into centers of excellence in their countries. Private schools for the poor will flourish as much in cities of Bangladesh, for instance, as in Hyderabad, Gansu, Lagos and Nairobi if the product is quality education. Teachers don’t have to be certified; they only have to have a hunger for knowledge, a passion for teaching, and a desire to make a difference in the lives of their students.
An aspect of education missing in “The Beautiful Tree” is online learning, particularly mobile learning. If educational entrepreneurs can integrate the Web and mobile learning into their services, they can overcome the limitations of physical classrooms and the vagaries of weather. Given the existence of a robust wireless infrastructure in Bangladesh and the near-universal use of cell phones, mobile learning can be the catalyst for world-class education for the poor in the country. The world’s knowledge, after all, is now accessible to anyone with a browser and a thirsty mind.
Contrary to what development experts and aid agencies claim, it does not require a miracle to bring schooling to the earth’s poorest children. The poor are already doing it by using their own resources in a holistic network of children, parents, teachers, and entrepreneurs, with knowledge, performance and accountability as keys. Sir Bob Geldof, the activist who has dedicated his life to social justice and peace worldwide, said that development succeeds admirably when people ignore the advice of ‘the experts’ and find their own culturally appropriate model. This is exactly what the world’s poor are doing. They have found their model and it is working admirably for them.
If they really want to do some good in the world, development experts should learn from the private schools in the slums of cities like Hyderabad and Lagos and introduce those educational practices into their own “advanced educational systems.” They can then witness the miracle they have been waiting for.
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Disabilities advocate Ian Engle traveled from Lansing to Grand Rapids Friday to hear a medical ethicist talk about Ashley, a child with severe disabilities who was treated with hormones and underwent surgery so she would remain small and undeveloped.
Ashley, who now is 10 and lives in Washington state, will become a woman someday, likely outliving her parents, Engle pointed out. Yet she'll have to live with the decisions her parents made on her behalf.
The decision to stunt her growth and remove her uterus and breast buds "wasn't hers," said Engle, who uses a wheelchair. His T-shirt labeled him "feisty and noncompliant."
To Engle, as well as others with disabilities and their advocates, ethicist Douglas Diekema and Ashley's parents went too far when they consented to a series of procedures they called the "Ashley Treatment."
Parents of severely disabled children saw it differently.
"Parents have to step in when the cognitive level is so low," said Cindy DeHaan, whose 23-year-old daughter, Rachel, can neither walk nor talk. "Parents are making the decisions because parents make all the decisions."
In a follow-up discussion after Diekema's speech to a packed house at the Calvin College Fine Arts Center, moderator and pediatrician Ronald Hofman asked DeHaan what she would have said if doctors had told her 15 years ago that they could keep Rachel small forever.
"Thank you," DeHaan said.
Parents should be the chief decision-makers if their children have severe disabilities, "but it gets more complicated when you're talking about procedures that aren't medically necessary," said Joseph Stramondo, who is seeking a doctorate in bioethics and philosophy -- and uses a wheelchair because of physical disabilities.
What doctors did for Ashley didn't cure disease, he said.
Ashley's parents asked doctors to keep her small because they felt her quality of life would be better. She's 4-foot-5 and weighs 65 pounds, explained Diekema, a Grand Rapids native and Calvin graduate who was a medical ethicist on the case.
Because she is small, Ashley can be included in family outings, dinners and everyday activities, her parents told doctors. As she grew, those outings would be less likely "because when things get difficult, we just stop doing them," Diekema said.
The problem is a societal one, disability rights advocate Nella Uitvlugt said.
"We pay people $30 an hour to put bumpers on cars and $8 an hour to work in a group home. It's our society that has the issue," she said to applause.
Every child is different and decisions about their care must be made on an individual basis, said Connie Long, whose 25-year-old daughter, Mikoya, has mental and physical disabilities. Choices about whether to have a tracheotomy and a feeding tube were arduous, "but I had to make a choice," she said.
When her doctor asked if she had considered surgery to remove an indentation in Mikoya's head so she'd "look better," Long's decision was easy.
"There's nothing you can do to make her look any better than she already does," she said.
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TRENTON – Senator Barbara Buono today introduced legislation that would aid gas stations, fire companies, health care providers, and first aid, rescue and emergency squads in better preparing for natural disasters and power outages by providing them with assistance in purchasing power generators.
"It isn't just a matter of having enough gas to get to the store or to get to work when businesses reopen," said Senator Buono, D-Middlesex. "It's a matter of public safety and public health for people who need gas to keep their own generators going, including facilities that care for New Jerseyans who require special attention, such as individuals on ventilators or other life support equipment."
The bill would direct the New Jersey Economic Development Authority to provide low-interest loans for the purchase and installation of an alternative power generation device to eligible businesses deemed by the State Office of Emergency Management as vital to the public interest following a disaster. This would include fire and emergency squads, hospitals and health care providers, and gas stations. The bill would require the EDA to start accepting applications for these loans no later than 91 days after the enactment of the bill.
The bill would also require the Division of Purchase and Property under the State Department of the Treasury to enter into a purchasing agreement with a supplier of alternative power generation devices so that eligible businesses could buy generators using a bulk rate.
Finally, the bill would require the New Jersey Turnpike Authority and the South Jersey Transportation Authority to include in any contract for the right to sell fuel on New Jersey’s toll roads – including the New Jersey Turnpike, the Garden State Parkway and the Atlantic City Expressway – a provision requiring the gasoline retailer to be equipped with and maintain a power generator or a device necessary to operate pumps, payment acceptance equipment, pump shutoff switches and other safety equipment.
"Frustrated motorists shouldn't have to wait in lines that are a hundred cars long at the relatively few gas stations with generators," Senator Buono said. "Because of the high demand after Sandy, those gas stations quickly ran out, while other gas stations with full underground tanks sit idle nearby because their pumps won't operate.”
The measure was introduced today. It has not yet been referred to a Senate committee.
NJ Senate Democratic Office
Newark Mayor Cory Booker will join Roselle Mayor Jamel Holley for a meet and greet tomorrow evening for incumbent state Sen. Ray Lesniak (D-20).Read More >
PolitickerNJ.com interview: Jason O’Donnell Confident he has the votes to be the next Democratic State chairman, Jason O’Donnell said his objective will be to drive the core message of the Democratic Party. “My main objective is to bring Democrats home,” said O’Donnell, 41, an assemblyman from Bayonne. “If we...
By Tedford J. Taylor No topic is a less likely conversation-starter than our eventual deaths. Still, there is a lot to talk about. When polled, about 90 percent of people presented with end-of-life scenarios prefer the prospect of dying at home with... Read More >
"That's state money and the speaker has never raised an objection to that, and now all of a sudden she objects to her own bill. She's objecting on a basis she hasn't objected before on the TAG Grant program. Let's face it everybody, this is just politics. It's election year and it's politics." - Gov. Chris Christie, on Speaker Sheila Oliver (D-34).- PolitickerNJ.com
Press releases are submitted by PolitickerNJ users, not by staff. They do not represent the viewpoint of PolitickerNJ.com.
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Ethernet at 40: Its daddy reveals its turbulent youth
Bob Metcalfe: How Token Ring and 'IBM's arrogance' nearly sank Big Blue
Feature When Bob Metcalfe, the prime mover behind the invention of Ethernet, recently visited the site of that invention, Xerox's Palo Alto Research Center (PARC ), The Reg had the opportunity to sit down with him to discuss the history of Ethernet, its advantages over Token Ring, and IBM's perfidy.
"As you know," Metcalfe told us, "something like Ethernet is not actually invented in a single day. But if there were a day, it would be May 22nd, ."
The Reg asked what had happend on that day. "I wrote a memo," he said, "and in that memo named it and outlined its general operation." Ethernet, however, was not the original name of what has now become the world's networking standard.
"Prior to that we'd been calling it the 'Alto ALOHA Network,' Alto being the PC that we were building, and the ALOHA Network being a packet radio network at the University of Hawaii whose design we admired," Metcalfe said.
"But then on that day we realized that we were going to network things other than Altos," he said, "and Ethernet had by then progressed so that it was barely resembling ALOHA. So we changed it to Ethernet."
The term ALOHA, by the way, was a rather contrived acronym that stood for Abramson's Logic of Hiring Access, named after its University of Hawaii developer, Norm Abramson.
Ethernet daddy Bob Metcalfe
(source: University of Texas at Austin)
Metcalfe remains more than a little sensitive about just how much Ethernet owes to ALOHA. "Over the years people have said that Ethernet is just ALOHA network," he told us. "I wrote a preface to my own book in which I put a paragraph explaining how Ethernet was just like ALOHA network except – and then there was like 20 'excepts,' one of which was that the ALOHA network was not a LAN ; it was a WAN . It was to connect the Hawaiian Islands over a distance of 200 miles, and it ran at 4800 bits per second." Ethernet first ran at 2.94 megabits per second.
There were other differences, as well. Ethernet, for example, operated within a mile, so its propagation time was five milliseconds; ALOHA's 200-mile range, of course, operated at much longer time scales. "The parametric values all changed, and therefore the operation of the network changed," Metcalfe told us – and he said that he provided more than enough examples in his preface to prove his point.
"When I reread that paragraph," he said of his protestations, "I can see whoever wrote that paragraph was fed up with that accusation."
But his fervent attempt to separate Ethernet from ALOHA wasn't entirely successful – even at PARC. During our interview in the center's cafeteria, Metcalfe caught sight of a man at a corner table whom he identified as being PARC's "artificial-intelligence guru," Danny Bobrow , whose office was next to Metcalfe's in the early 70s. Metcalfe, who last visted PARC in 1975, told Bobrow about Ethernet's 40th birthday, and the AI guru said, "And it all came out of ALOHA, eh?"
Metcalfe turned to us; "See? See?" he said, then turned back to Babrow. "I'll have to send you my book," he laughed.
But he's still a bit miffed. "Norm Abramson , my good friend from the University of Hawaii," he said, "I've seen his presentations and he takes credit for Ethernet, Wi-Fi, and everything else."
That said, "There's plenty of credit to go around," he admitted.
Metcalfe had worked on the ARPANET both in graduate school and at PARC, and when he arrived at PARC, researcher Charles Simonyi was working to create a LAN within the buiding called SIGNET. "His idea was to mimic the ARPANET," Metcalfe said, "and put packet switches all over the building."
Since Metcalfe was "the real networking guy," he told us, Simony was given the boot and he was given the SIGNET project. "By the way, SIGNET is short for Simonyi's Infinitely Glorious Network, named after himself," Metcalfe informed us.
Don't feel sorry for Simonyi being removed from his LAN project, however. He and PARC colleague Butler Lampson went on to develop a WYSIWYG text editor for the Alto called Bravo . It was transformed into Microsoft Word and Simonyi got rich.
"He now has his own three-engine jet and his own helicopter, and he's a billionaire," Metcalfe said. "Maybe I should have written Bravo and he should have done the network."
We asked Metcalfe what the main usage-model requirements that his work on Ethernet were intended to solve. "No one wrote a requirements document," he said, "this is a research center."
What PARC wanted to do was create a LAN to link the Altos that it planned to put on its researchers' desks to replace the 300-bits-per-second Texas Instruments Silent 700s they had at the time, a "revolutionary" change, according to Metcalfe.
"There was a lot of argument if it made any sense to put a computer on every desk," he recalled. "You'd have to have an MIS manager for every desk. What if they broke? Someone would have to come to your office and fix it."
Those objections, he said, "melted away over time." A fast LAN would allow PARC to not only put an Alto on each desk and preserve access to the ARPANET gateway, but it would also solve another problem: providing access to the laser printer that PARC was developing.
"I wrote the operating system for that printer," he told us, "and then we plugged in an Ethernet card. Its requirement was 500 dots per inch, a page per second, 8½ by 11. Five hundred times 500 times 8½ times 11 is about 23 megabits per second. And so the current methods of networking were not going to keep that printer busy."
When we jokingly asked, "Well, what are buffers for?" he responded, "Well, speaking of buffers, each of these Altos has a removable-disk cartridge that could carry two megabytes, which was huge in the day. And so sneakernet was born."
To print, the researchers would put their documents on one of those removable cartridges, remove the cartridge, walk over to the Alto to which the laser printer was connected, plug the cartridge into that Alto, and print it. Sneakernet.
"But I argued," he said, "'Wouldn't it be easier just to hit P?' And they said, 'Well, you'd still have to walk down to get the printout!' So I said, 'Okay, you've got me there'."
But eventually Metcalfe did get the laser printer hooked up to his new LAN, and thanks to the printer's resident fonts and compression schemes, Ethernet's throughput was plenty fast enough to accept print jobs.
That was the genesis of Ethernet: connecting those "revolutionary" desktop PCs, providing access to the ARPANET, and allowing researchers to simply hit P to print. "We were not planning to do the web, or audio, or video," Metcalfe told us. Those came later. Much later.
Fighting IBM in the Token Ring wars
The Reg asked Metcalfe what it was that boosted Ethernet past its early competitors such as Token Ring and ARCnet , and he told us that despite what some said at the time, "They all worked. Various proponents claimed that the other thing didn't work, 'And therefore you should use mine.' That wasn't at all true. All these things worked."
Some of Ethernet's early detractors, he said, should hang their heads in shame. "In the dark days," he reminisced, "IBM was paying professors to write papers showing that Ethernet didn't really work – when it did work – and that Token Ring was better. Those professors should be ashamed of themselves."
Calling the papers that IBM had paid the professors to produce "clearly hatchet jobs," Metcalfe said that "it was really disheartening to watch IBM and these professors stooping to that shit."
Should you, aging Reg reader, recall one of the papers to which he was referring, Metcalfe has an explanation of what he claims the profs were up to. "What they would do was develop a model," he said, "a mathematical model ... They would then move the model into regions of absurd parameters. They would say, 'There's a million users, and they're sending full-time, all the time.'"
Those "absurd parameters" would cause the model to show that Ethernet would fail under those conditions. The papers would then conclude, "'See, that doesn't work here,'" Metcalfe said, adding, "But no system would ever be used 'here'. Duh."
IBM didn't play fair in other ways during the war between Ethernet and Token Ring, Metcalfe contends. "IBM always had 90 per cent market share in Token Ring, and some of it was cheating – they'd sprinkle SNA dust over their implementation," he said.
He also argues that IBM made it difficult for other vendors to get in on the Token Ring action. "3Com, my company, shipped Token Ring before IBM did," he said, shipping cards based on Texas Instruments chips. "That was because my board [of directors] would not allow me to 'risk the company' on this 'obsession' with Ethernet, and so we had to sell Token Ring."
That effort ran into problems. According to Metcalfe, when customers tried to plug their 3Com cards into IBM systems, they wouldn't work "because IBM had put some little thing in there that was particular to SNA," he said. "And eventually we'd figure it out, but we were always behind."
Metcalfe explained that IBM, being by far the dominant industry player in those far-away days, exploited its power. "IBM's arrogance was that they could make standards," he said. He recalled an old joke he he said he liked to tell that added a third type of standard beyond the familiar de facto – a standard by market acceptance – and de jure – one laid down by a standards-setting organization such as the IEEE .
"There was a third kind of standard in those days which I called 'de IBMo', which was a standard that was not in the market, and was not made by a legitimate standards body," he said. "IBM announced Token Ring – but they weren't shipping it, so it wasn't de facto, and it wasn't [a de jure] standard yet until they joined IEEE, so it was a de IBMo standard."
But IBM lost the power to create industry standards simply by announcing them during the mid-80s, he asserts – and from his point of view, Ethernet was the nail in the coffin of Big Blue's dominance. When we asked what exactly that nail was, he told us that "You can invent 20 or 30 answers to this question, including the superior technology of Ethernet," he laughed.
More to the point, however, was that Ethernet, as he put it, "understood its place," while the competition did not.
"Ethernet was developed in the context of the internet with its seven levels of the ISO reference model ," he said. "So we had a job to do at level one and two, and we didn't burden Ethernet with all the other stuff that we knew would be above us. We didn't do security, we didn't do encryption, we didn't even do acknowledgements."
It's not that Ethernet was incapable of handling acknowledgements, Metcalfe said, it's just that he and his cohorts wanted to keep things simple. "Ethernet carried packets. Now, they could be acknowledgement packets, or not, whereas the other methods built some sort of elaborate acknowledgement scheme to boost reliability and so on."
As a result, "By virtue of knowing our place, we built something that turned out to be faster and cheaper."
And more scalable, he believes. With Token Ring, he said, "you do have to wait for that token to zip around, and of course the more places it's gotta visit, the probability of its breaking goes higher."
Another Token Ring failing, he said, was that "They never modeled what happens when you lose the token; they always assumed that the token was going to be there."
When we asked if there wasn't some method to store, check, and re-forward the token, he told us that there was. "There were a lot of mechanisms. They needed a mechanism to detect that the token hadn't been around for awhile. Then you need a mechanism for deciding who was in charge of putting the token back on the ring – and in that time the network's been down for a minute."
From Metcalfe's point of view, the Token Ring v Ethernet war began in the IEEE in 1980 and '81. One big break was when, in December of 1982, 19 different companies agreed to use a specific Ethernet spec, despite that it hadn't be approved by the IEEE and wouldn't be for few more years. "As soon as we shipped product – we shipped for the IBM PC using that standard – that was a big moment," he said. "But that wasn't the end of the war."
In those days Ethernet still required coax, albeit thin coax. "The twisted-pair came in the middle of the 80s – I'm not sure what the particular day was," Metcalfe said. "That was one of the advantages that Token Ring had, that it was twisted-pair, so coax was a negative. But as soon as we had twisted-pair," he laughed, "we were running faster at half the price.
That wasn't the end of the war, of course, but it marked the beginning of the end. "IBM struggled to prove that their 4 megabits per second was faster than our 10 megabits per second," he recalled. "They kept saying, 'Well, there are all these collisions.' No."
IBM then bumped Token Ring's speed up to 12 megabits per second when Ethernet was at 10 megabits per second, but doing so didn't halt Ethernet's adoption. "Twisted pair killed Token Ring," Metcalfe said, "plus the fact that it was expensive."
"I think it was Ethernet that finally brought IBM down in the mid-80s," he said.
Forty years down, more to go
Since defeating Token Ring, Ethernet has gone on to not only become the computing industry's default networking protocol, it has also been improved many times over.
The first Ethernet LAN created by Metcalfe and his colleagues at PARC ran at 2.94 megabits per second. In 1978, Xerox developed X-Wire, an Ethernet LAN that ran at 10Mbps, and Metcalfe's 3Com began shipping 10Mbps parts in 1981. In 1992, Grand Junction Networks started up to develop 100Mbps – aka "Fast" Ethernet – then Gigabit Ethernet came along in the late 1990s, and in June 2010 the IEEE approved its standard for 40/100 Gigabit Ethernet.
The reason for these improvements may seem obvious to most of us, but in Metcalfe's experience each inflection prompted some folks to say that enough is enough. "Every single time – at 2.94, at ten, at a hundred, at a thousand, at ten-thousand – there's always a chorus of people saying, 'We, we already have enough bandwidth, we don't need any more, it's too expensive, and the stuff we have we barely use, and blah, blah, blah'," he said.
Those people, Metcalfe asserts, don't see what usage models are coming down the pipe. To illustrate his point, he told us a story from back in the mists of time, when Ethernet was still in its infancy:
I was on a panel in 1976. There were three of us on the panel – two were commercially oriented marketing people and then there was me from research. I'm vaguely remembering this, so I may have my numbers wrong, but one of them was selling the dominant 2400-baud modem, and the other one had new technology running at 4800.
And the argument was this: 'At 2400, the characters go by on the screen faster than you can read. Why would you want 4800?' And then I was the third speaker – 2.94 megabits per second – so clearly we were going to carry a different kind of traffic, we were not going to carry scrolled ASCII characters.
So I think that's how this elasticity thing has been sustained over the decades. Eventually, I suppose, maybe that won't be true – but it's been true for 40 years.
And in May there'll be a party to celebrate those 40 years. In addition to inviting other contributors to the original Ethernet project – "who have been annoyed for decades that I get all the credit," he said – Metcalfe has also invited some of his adversaries in the war between Token Ring and Ethernet.
We asked why proponents of Token Ring would accept an invitation to an Ethernet celebration. "I don't know. Some of them still don't like me, and they want to come just to take their last shot," Metcalfe mused.
"They'll probably argue that Ethernet resembles what they were proposing more today than the original Ethernet did – and they might be right." ®
After our interview, Metcalfe and your humble Reg reporter were joined by PARC's CEO Steve Hoover , and the conversation turned to Ayn Rand and the Atlas Shrugged movies , which Hoover asked Metcalfe if he had seen. "I have, both one and two, and am now looking forward to three," Metcalfe said.
"The people who don't like Ayn Rand thought it was a terrible movie, and the people who think the world of Ayn Rand, like I do, think it was a great movie. They can't talk to each other," he said, adding, "I've read Atlas Shrugged like six times, a long time ago."
Wrapping up his comments on Rand's magnum opus, Metcalfe said "Let's hope that California does not succeed in killing Silicon Valley, as it is earnestly trying to do. Let's hope John Galt intercedes somehow."
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- A grassroots committee structure, comprised of volunteer representatives from individual projects funded by the NSDL program who were guided by policies and bylaws
- A Core Integration (CI) team, funded by the NSDL program to develop the library technical infrastructure and to support the NSDL community library-building efforts
- The NSF funding model poses challenges for creating organizational structures that support development of a coherent and comprehensive whole and of long-term, collaborative projects.
- Organizational structures need dedicated funding, time, and flexibility to develop.
- Effective communication across large, collaborative organizations must be open, adaptive, and inclusive.
- Evaluation activities require careful planning, systematic application, and integration into an organization's management.
Essay: Organizational Evolution
The work to build NSDL was funded by the NSF, with more than 200 interdisciplinary projects supported under its NSDL program. As a result, NSF peer review processes and grant funding structures had a huge impact on the ways work was organized, communities were created, and participants communicated. NSF provided strategic guidance through program solicitations and funding tracks but did not direct the daily activities of this large-scale collaboration.
Individual projects managed their own activities, but to accomplish cross-cutting work, a grassroots committee structure was combined with a coordinating Core Integration (CI) team, with the CI taking on increasing levels of responsibility as the NSDL project matured. This approach required a governance structure. Communication relied on face-to-face meetings, including an Annual NSDL Meeting, smaller working group meetings, and online tools.
This essay briefly examines several aspects of NSDL's organizational structure and their impact on organizational development. It then considers the role of evaluation within and across the organization. It concludes with lessons learned around the organizational development and evaluation of a federally funded, large collaborative project.
Evolution of NSDL as an Organization
Communication, organization, and governance were all essential for a federation of more than 200 projects to move towards the central goal of building NSDL. Initially, the organizational structure combined the following elements:
- A grassroots committee structure, comprised of volunteer
representatives from small projects funded by the NSDL program who were guided by policies and
- A Core Integration (CI) team, funded by the NSDL program to develop the library technical infrastructure and to support the NSDL community library-building and governing efforts
The grassroots committee structure provided a mechanism for community input into the design and development of NSDL. These committees also completed a significant amount of cross-disciplinary work on a voluntary basis. Although this all-volunteer effort was perhaps not sustainable as a part of the later organizational structure, the work of these committees included the following accomplishments:
- Determining metadata standards and guiding principles
- Identifying mechanisms for evaluating and studying the use of the NSDL and its collections
This early work was fundamental to building NSDL. Committee participation also helped develop buy-in among the grant-funded projects and provide a foundation for creating the NSDL community.
As NSDL matured, the CI took on increasing levels of responsibility for all aspects of the library collections, community support, and technical maintenance, while the number of NSDL projects funded decreased but their scale and duration grew. The Pathways funding track, established in 2004, created projects of three to four years duration that were responsible for curating content for entire disciplines or "vertical" audience groups. As funding for small projects diminished, there was less need for committee representation, and the community governance structure seemed redundant with the evolving CI working relationship with Pathways projects.
The committee structure and the CI were each deemed important, but no clear organizational structure or accountability mechanism joined the central organization to the Policy Committee, subcommittees, or individual projects. In 2008 the Policy Committee disbanded.
Effectiveness of NSDL
Early in the NSDL development process, the grassroots committee structure and the CI began looking for ways to demonstrate program and project impact. Because NSDL was highly experimental, as were all digital libraries at that time, no theory or practice sufficiently addressed the specific evaluation issues associated with the emerging NSDL. The Education Impact and Evaluation Committee, formed to address these issues, was challenged by what to evaluate as questions persisted around which entities made up NSDL (i.e., the CI, the individual collections, and other NSF-funded projects). As the socio-technical and cross-disciplinary aspects of the program took shape, they created another evaluation challenge—to identify what exactly constituted impact. It became clear that measures for evaluating physical libraries (i.e., the number of collections and items, reference transactions, or books circulated) did not adequately capture the NSDL-specific context or its possible impact on STEM teaching and learning, although the DigiQUAL project was an early effort to develop new evaluation measures for digital libraries.In the middle years of NSDL's development, the NSF perspective on what constituted "impact" shifted. Rather than identifying several areas of emphasis, the primary measure for impact became focused on student learning, de-emphasizing other impacts such as changes in teaching practice or developing communities of practice. Led by the Evaluation Committee, many NSDL projects worked together to attempt to find common evaluation approaches, metrics, and tools. However, shifting priorities between the need for formative evaluation and the summative evaluation of impact made it difficult to institute longitudinal evaluation studies. The end result was that evaluation worked well at the project level but was significantly more difficult to institute at the NSDL program-wide level, in part because of lack of funds for the scope of activity such an undertaking would require.
The long experiment with the unique combination of community-based governance and a centralized coordinating organization working together within the structure provided by NSF funding led to a number of lessons learned:
Long-term, collaborative NSF projects require a funding model that supports growth and sustainability.
NSF's culture and funding processes had profound effects on the organizational structure of NSDL. The NSDL program solicitations from NSF attracted proposals from a diverse, multidisciplinary group of software developers, librarians, STEM educators, professional societies, and publishers. A positive result was that the variety of funding tracks allowed collaborations among these disciplines, educational sectors, and organizations to build new types of collections and tools and reach new communities of users. There was substantial creative power in these collaborations, which would not have been realized without the program solicitation and multiple funding opportunities.
However, the NSF's peer review process posed a particular challenge by evaluating these interdisciplinary proposals on just two criteria: intellectual merit and broader impact. Within the existing review processes, there was no way to accommodate specific, time-sensitive needs (i.e., technical, content, service) that would support building a working digital library. As one NSDL program officer said, "When you build a house, you want a contract that specifies just one kitchen and a few bedrooms and bathrooms. But if you build a house using an RFP model, you are likely to get many proposals for kitchens and none for bathrooms."
At times, multiple projects addressed the same issues and created different kinds of "kitchens," some of which were more successful than others. Given the absence of a good model for the digital library at the outset of the work, this kind of exploration was important, as were the interdisciplinary connections that were forged to move forward these ideas.
Organizational structures need dedicated funding, time, and flexibility to develop.
Collaborations among such diverse communities as those represented in NSDL are extremely complex and initially require a loose organizational structure to allow participants to find and create areas around which they can coalesce, focus their efforts, and create plans for moving forward. Such organizations also require time for people to build agreement, find focus, and determine ways to communicate to their constituents. Involving participants and creating a community require significant human and financial resources. As a large, collaborative, and grant-funded endeavor, NSF initially encouraged the growth of working groups and standing committees comprised of staff from NSDL projects. Ultimately, this structure was phased out, reflecting the flexibility of the NSF RFP approach to "start fresh" relatively easily.
These kinds of flexibilities can be viewed as a luxury in a production environment, yet they are necessary to create a common understanding and vision to move complex social and technological projects forward. The need to conduct research and rapidly move the results to a production environment contrasted with the needs of community building, which led to a number of tensions within the NSDL community. For example, (1) researchers needed time to iteratively work through complex issues, often in small, tightly knit teams; (2) the production environment required an agile and quick decision-making process across several distributed institutions; and, (3) the governing system needed time to build consensus and agreement across highly distributed sites and the project.
Effective communication across large, collaborative organizations must be open, adaptive, and inclusive.
Successful organizations rely on effective communication among their governing entities, participating members, and users of their products and services. Several communication strategies were implemented for sharing information over the duration of the NSDL program, and many tools were adopted during the rapid evolution of Internet-based communications.
Evaluation of these communication strategies and networking events showed mixed results. Participants often indicated that they did not know where to find the most recent information about other projects' work or CI activities. Managing project-wide communication was more challenging and time-consuming for participants and leadership alike than was originally anticipated.
As NSDL matured, the CI expanded its support for communications around the NSDL brand. CI staff and NSDL project members regularly promoted NSDL at regional and national conferences and through blogs, webinars, and podcasts. Since the NSDL community had expanded to include users who were not invested in building a digital library, communication strategies subsequently shifted to align with the needs of these new users that just wanted to find and use STEM resources. One result was that individual projects saw a benefit to promoting their collections as part of the NSDL brand. However, some research-oriented projects had other audiences besides these new users and could not effectively take advantage of these targeted outreach activities. (For more information, see Endnote 1: NSDL Communication Methods and Tools.)1
Evaluation requires careful planning, systematic application, and integration into an organization's management.
complexity, size, and vast reach of NSDL required that evaluation be
embraced as an organizational value and fully integrated into its
organizational and management practices. Integration would have helped mitigate
barriers to gathering data (specifically, lack of access to K-12 student users to directly study impact on learning), strict IRB requirements
or regulations, and privacy policies that limit use of certain data.
Integrating systematic data collection would have ensured that timely
results could be used by projects and across NSDL to improve collections
and services and to provide strategic information to stakeholders such as funders and users. In addition to valuing evaluation and integrating evaluation activities throughout a project life cycle, additional lessons were learned about evaluation:
- Methods of evaluating a large, complex organizations need to parallel its life cycle.
- Evaluation depends on stakeholder agreement on what, who, and how the organization's products and services are intended to affect its clients.
- Theories of change or logic models are useful organizational planning tools and guides for evaluation. They make it possible to build evaluation instrumentation into technology and ensure that project activities are aligned with the intended outcomes and impacts.
- Evaluation succeeds when using multiple approaches. Both qualitative and quantitative methods are necessary to examine impact from the perspective of multiple stakeholders involved in a large, collaborative project such as NSDL.
1NSDL Communication Methods and Tools
- The CI team supported asynchronous communication by hosting and maintaining listservs and wiki pages and by publishing the Whiteboard Report, an online bi-weekly newsletter, instituted early in NSDL's development to help keep NSDL community members (past and present) informed about the events and activities associated with the project. By 2010, the Whiteboard Report had been replaced by the nsdlnetwork.org community site, which contained the same types of information. The website was supplemented with monthly NSDL-wide updates and quarterly community teleconferences. The CI team also provided conference call support for ad hoc committees and working groups, which was crucial to early committee work across NSDL.
- Perhaps the most effective communication mechanism for the community of NSDL project members was the annual meeting of Principal Investigators, which became known as the NSDL Annual Meeting. Participants consistently rated this face-to-face meeting highly in terms of its effectiveness for learning about other projects' work and its value for networking with potential collaborators.
- In the early years of the NSDL program, when many new projects were being funded, the CI team devoted much effort to welcoming projects to the community. Orientation sessions for new projects were added to the Annual Meeting program, and a CI staff member conducted telephone interviews with individual PIs to advise them on how their project might link to the social and technical networks and the communities supported by the NSDL.
- Smaller face-to-face meetings and workshops were also held at least once or twice a year and were also highly rated by participants. Some by-invitation workshops recruited attendees across the NSDL program and were structured around crosscutting topics immediately pertinent to NSDL development, such as participant involvement in building digital libraries. Other workshops focused on gathering the expertise of particular groups (publishers, program evaluators) to inform the direction of NSDL strategic plans and invited representatives from higher education institutions, publishing houses, and researchers in addition to some NSDL projects.
- Finally, several committees had face-to-face meetings at other conferences, such as the Joint Conference on Digital Libraries, and also had regular phone meetings to support project PIs and staff members in conducting their work throughout the year. However, committee participation was voluntary, and attendance varied widely by committee and over time. Unfortunately, when the CI-supported wiki pages were transitioned to a new platform, the committee reports, white papers, meeting minutes and presentations, and other documents were not preserved in an easily accessible format.
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Wednesday, June 18, 2008
A David versus Goliath battle between corporate America and a freethinking counterculture is about to wage in cyberspace.
When internet auction giant eBay bought a minority stake in the homespun San Francisco Internet start-up craigslist - a company so modest they don’t even bother using an apostrophe or a capital letter - most observers expected the classified ads website would be quickly swallowed up.
eBay Inc. operates the world’s most popular e-commerce site, has a globally recognized brand, and is valued at over $40 billion. Its website is one of the most sophisticated around, with barely a square inch of it not covered by some sort of paid advert.
By contrast, craigslist is heavy on text and looks much as it did in 1996 when early enthusiasts would have looked at it on their black and white screened Apple PowerBooks.
The company grew out of an email of events listings Craig Newmark used to send friends, occupies an old fashioned timber house in San Francisco, has a staff of around twenty, and the only logo it uses is the peace sign.
Yet it has become part of the American way of life. Local newspaper groups cite it as responsible for ripping apart their industry’s business model and cops regularly trawl its pages looking for services as diverse as stolen goods and prostitution rings while it remains for many the first place to advertise a church fete.
The Cruelest Art:
Dr. Darius Rejali on Torture in Democratic Societies
Waterboarding. Hypothermia. Stress positions. Prolonged isolation. Sensory deprivation. These “clean” tortures leave deep psychological wounds but few physical scars — and they have been used for decades not only by dictatorships, but also by democratic governments, including the United States.
After 9/11, Americans used these techniques on so-called “enemy combatants” detained in a system of prisons from Iraq’s notorious Abu Ghraib and the Pentagon’s detention center at Guantánamo Bay, Cuba, to numerous CIA black sites. And according to recent reports, officials at the highest levels of the Bush Administration, including Vice President Dick Cheney and Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld, approved the use of “harsh interrogation techniques” in questioning detainees.
In his massive study, Torture and Democracy (Princeton, 2007), internationally renowned violence and torture expert Dr. Darius Rejali writes that these “clean” interrogation methods not only violate international law, but they radicalize enemies, undermine credibility, and yield unreliable intelligence. They do not strengthen national security, but instead make us less safe.
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Investing in accuracy at John Deere to bring savings
John Deere recently opened its European Technology and Innovation Centre (ETIC) in Kaiserslautern, Germany. James Lane paid a visit to find out about the latest developments.
Whether you are a lover or hater, automatic steering, precision farming and yield mapping are here to stay.
One of the forerunners of such systems is John Deere, whose Agricultural Management Solutions (AMS) division has brought us everyday names such as GreenStar and StarFire.
Ten years since its launch, the US-firm claims it is the only manufacturer of agricultural equipment to build its own components, offering the StarFire correction network to its customers.
To aid the development of such systems, Deere has invested $10 million (£6.61m) in its Kaiserslauten European Technology and Innovation Centre (ETIC) venture, which joins two similar departments in the US and one in Asia.
Since AMS Europe was formed in 2000, it has grown from having just 15 employees to 80 today.
As part of AMS, Deere has introduced various new features to its portfolio, and has been working on increasing IsoBus compatibility for connecting its machines to those of othermanufacturers.
As Ralf Ulrich, John Deere’s marketing manager for Europe, says, the future is ‘i’ farming - Intelligent, Innovative and Integrated.
As rising inputs of fuel, seed, fertiliser and sprays correlate with pressure to adhere to best practices of sustainability and being eco-friendly, cross-compliance issues arise, and these need to be documented for food traceability.
With this in mind, developments have come in various sectors from Deere.
On the sprayer front, its ‘i’ sprayers now have Tank Fill Calculator (TFC), a system which according to Eric Teuwsen from John Deere’s Horst facility will prevent filling mistakes, reduce preparation time and record documents for each load and field - ideal for those with complex mixes used over wide areas.
The system calculates the proportions of water and chemical per tank and the amount required per field, before splitting it into individual sprayer loads. For example, in a 57-hectare (141-acre) field where the required tank mix is 11,400 litres, Tank Fill works out the chemical required for the two sprayer loads of 4,000 litres and one of 3,400 litres.
Data is printable, either in-cab by a thermal paper machine, and/or sent back to the office. It records what doses each field has had at what time, and allows for using partial tank loads via the digital tank load indicator.
Another new feature is a virtual headland function within the Sprayer Pro package, which allows a preset headland switch on/off, either dictated by working the headland and using the StarFire to programme it, or by allocating it using software in the farm office.
This means a 24 metre boom can be set to switch on or off at exactly 24m from the headland to avoid overlap of main spray bouts during turns.
Auto Dilute is also new, manages the controlled dilution of residual liquid in the sprayer after an application. Depending on the chemicals used and what is to be sprayed next, the operator can choose a preset programme to initiate the most
efficient dilution and rinsing process. This, says Deere, allows farmers to meet national legislation on the dilution of sprays.
On the steering front, further new innovations include the iGuide and iSteer systems. Both use RTK signals and the company’s StarFire network, but carry out differing roles.
The iGuide system is passive, and in layman’s terms provides a correction signal from a trailed implement to the tractor so the implement remains in the correct position.
A second RTK receiver is mounted on the implement, and measures the distance it is ‘out’ from the correct A-B line, a notable problem with automatic steering systems on cross hill land.
To demonstrate this, Deere pulled a 6m 740A drill across a field with an eight degree slope, both with and without iGuide on. The difference of each pass was around five rows of the drill, showing that for every pass, the drill without iGuide was around two-thirds of a metre downhill of where it should be.
Deere is aiming iGuide at large-scale farmers and contractors, suiting applications such as drilling and cultivation.
The company has a more active system called iSteer, designed in collaboration with Dutch-firm SBG Innovatie, which is best used with mounted equipment and requires at least one RTK receiver.
It can be used for applications such as weeding or bedforming, where a hydraulic ram can adjust where the implement moves to via a signal from a mounted receiver. Alternatively, a receiver on the tractor can be used to keep a plough in a constant straight line.
Working with a vari-width plough, all that is required is a control box for the width ram and a sensor on the vari-width parallel linkage next to the beam. From these two elements, the Greenstar display in-cab can control the system automatically.
It is as simple as putting your wheel in the furrow, dropping the plough and hitting the on button each time, and the plough maintains the A-B line.
It may have taken the fun out of making a nice straight furrow, but it proves to be more accurate than a driver can be.
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These two paintings are by New Yorker Josephine Halvorson, and they’re in a show called “The Big Picture” at Sikkema Jenkins & Co. gallery in New York. They were painted as quickly as possible, in front of their subjects – a tombstone and a chalkboard. What I particularly like about them is how much they feel like direct records, almost as though the canvas had been pressed right against the stone or a tracing had been made of the board. The surface of the painting seems to stand in for the surface that’s being depicted. And yet despite the one-to-one impression they give, Halvorson felt no need to achieve a full trompe-l’oeil effect, or to use the invisible brushwork we associate with it. In our post-painting age, the broad brushwork of expressionist art seems to have achieved an almost neutral status, so that it can be used to point straight at the world, without making any comment. Crude paint has simply become a language that things get recorded in.
For a full visual survey of past Daily Pics visit blakegopnik.com/archive.
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In Scott Walker recall, Wisconsin Dems tout 1 million signatures
“Gov. Walker tackled Wisconsin’s challenges head on, and his plan to turn around Wisconsin is working,” RGA Chairman Bob McDonnell said. “Thanks to Gov. Walker’s leadership, the future prospects of Wisconsin’s taxpayers, families and job-creating business owners are brighter than ever.”
Newt Gingrich was the first GOP presidential candidate to express public support for Walker Tuesday. “Newt proudly campaigned for Gov. Walker when he was running for office and he would proudly do it again. He is one of the best things going for the Republican Party,” Gingrich spokesman R.C. Hammond said.Continue Reading
“Recall should be used only for politicians who have been guilty or crime or fraud, not those who take on powerful special interests. Scott Walker showed bold leadership. If international union bosses want to beat Gov. Walker, they should try to do so through the proper election process. This recall would set a dangerous precedent,” said Ron Paul campaign chairman Jesse Benton.
Successful recall efforts are a rarity in modern politics. But the idea that they could be used as an effective weapon against political opponents received a historic boost in 2003, when California Gov. Gray Davis was ousted less than a year after his reelection in a recall bid led by Arnold Schwarzenegger.
Walker, 44, began his confrontation with public employee unions within weeks of taking office a year ago. He submitted an austerity budget for Wisconsin that included provisions to revoke the collective bargaining rights of most state workers on most contract provisions beyond wages, and took other steps to weaken the power of the unions.
Conservatives around the country cheered what they saw as a courageous step. But Walker’s move led to massive protests in Madison and around the country, and a showdown with Democrats in the state legislature that saw Democratic state senators leave the state in an effort to prevent a quorum for Walker’s measure to pass. The bill eventually was enacted after a series of court challenges ended in Walker’s favor.
Walker had long expected the recall effort to net enough signatures to force a vote. “From our viewpoint, this election – come April or May – will not be about a rehash of last February and March. Voters in this state, and not just because I’m going to say it, are overwhelmingly ready to move on. They want to move forward. So our argument – real simple – will be: Do you want to move forward or backward?” Walker told POLITICO in December.
A loophole in state law allows Walker to do unlimited fundraising until a recall date is set, and Walker’s been aggressively stockpiling funds for the coming onslaught.
As for his potential Democratic challenger, the governor predicted that the candidate will be “hand-picked” by the unions, declaring that his yet-to-be-named “opponent” is not a single person, but “big union bosses.”
Andy Stern, former president of the Service Employees International Union, said Tuesday that Walker was getting what he deserved for using his power for “political payback” against the unions.
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Are you a sport angler?
Do you love the thrill of catching a shark and releasing it safely back into its natural habitat?
If you want to ensure that the shark, skate or ray you release has the best chance of survival, please consider the following simple guidelines:
Getting started - What is in your tackle box?
• Use carbon or mild steel hooks (not stainless steel) with minimal protective coating. This way if you lose the shark before it is landed the hook will rust out within a few weeks.
• Use single barbless circle hooks. If your hooks are not barbless, flatten the barb with a pair of pliers.
• Use a hook remover for throat hooked sharks. If the shark has swallowed the hook, do not attempt to pull it out – this will cause serious damage and compromise the survival of the shark. Cut the line as close to the hook as possible if you are unable to remove the hook.
• Avoid using a gaff especially near sensitive areas such as brain, belly and dorsal fin and tail area where there are major blood vessels close to the shark’s skin surface. Instead of gaffing, reel the shark in as close as possible and use a stretcher to carry the shark to shore.
In the water and on the beach - whatever you do – do it quickly!
• FIGHT TIME: The longer the fight time, the longer it will take for your shark to recover. Sharks suffer lactic acid and carbon dioxide build-up in their blood and muscles, similar to how your muscles stiffen after a good work-out. Use heavy tackle to minimize fight time.
• AIR EXPOSURE: Work as fast as possible once the shark is on the beach. Imagine someone putting a plastic bag over your head after you have run a marathon and are gasping for breath – this may be close to how the shark is feeling.
• HOOK LOCATION: Strike quickly to ensure the hook attaches in the corner of the sharks mouth and does not swallow your bait. If the shark is gut hooked, do not attempt to pull/tear remove the hook. Cut the line as close to the hook as possible.
• ORGAN INJURY: Sharks do not have a rigid skeleton preventing their organs from being crushed by their body weight while out of water. Work with the shark in the shallows if possible.
• LINE ENTANGLEMENT: Keep your trace tight to avoid the shark getting entangled in your fishing line.
• HANDLING: Do not drag the shark over the rocks or sand. Never pull a shark by the tail or pick it up by the gill slits or spiracles (modified gill slit behind the eyes prominent in skates and rays). Do not lift Hammerhead sharks by the sides of their heads as the area contains are many sensitive organs (called the Ampullae of Lorenzini) which are vital for successful hunting. Larger sharks will require two people restrain and carry the animal. One person to restrain and support the tail area and the other to carry the shark with a tight grip from behind the pectoral fins. If possible use a stretcher to carry the shark back into the water.
The hard work is over right? Not quite!
Use the following release techniques to increase the shark, skate or rays chance of survival:
• Use a stretcher to transport your shark back into deeper water. A stretcher can easily be constructed at home with fine mesh shade clothe or canvas.
• If the shark is in good condition return it to the water gently, head first.
• If your released shark appears to be swimming erratically, lies motionless on the bottom or swims back to shore, some revival assistance may be required. Hold the shark upright in the water facing into the current. Continue to hold the shark until it swims away strongly.
REMEMBER: HEALTHY SHARKS MEAN HEALTHY OCEANS!
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When it comes to making healthcare decisions, it is important for you to have useful information from trusted sources. Orlando Health supports efforts to make hospital comparison data as available to the public as possible. We provide the following information as a service to you as you begin the journey of choosing healthcare services.
Many of the methods below focus on a hospital's ability to provide the best care for certain types of patients. Most often, this can be difficult to measure because each patient's case is different and outcomes cannot always be predicted. In addition, the collection of data for healthcare facilities is a challenging, continuously changing science. Therefore, it is important to compare as many quality measurement types as possible to form the most complete picture of a hospital's total quality of care before making a final decision.
1) AHCA - In the state of Florida, the Agency for Health Care Administration (AHCA) champions accessible, affordable, quality health care for all Floridians. Their consumer website includes performance data and information on selected medical conditions and procedures in Florida's short-term acute care hospitals and ambulatory (outpatient) surgery centers. Learn more at www.floridahealthfinder.gov
2) The Joint Commission - The Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations is an independent, not-for-profit organization that evaluates and accredits more than 15,000 healthcare organizations and programs in the United States. The Joint Commission's hospital comparisons are based on quality improvement goals being met in 10 "core measure" areas such as pneumonia and heart failure. Learn more at www.qualitycheck.org.
3) Hospital Compare - Hospital Compare was created by the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS), an agency of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) along with the Hospital Quality Alliance (HQA). The HQA was founded to the reporting of hospital quality of care. The HQA counts among its member's organizations that represent consumers, doctors, employers, hospitals, accrediting organizations and Federal agencies.
Hospital Compare uses quality measures to determine how often hospitals provide recommended care to obtain the best results for most patients. Measures include treatment for a heart attack, heart failure, pneumonia, or having surgery. Visit the Hospital Compare website at www.hospitalcompare.hhs.gov.
4) Patient Satisfaction Surveys - Orlando Health is partnering with Press Ganey for patient satisfaction insights and improvements. For over25 years, Press Ganey has been the industry leader in health care improvement working with more than 10,000 health care organizations nationwide, including50% of all U.S hospitals. Patients have a valuable perspective regarding the quality of care they receive and Orlando Health continuously uses patient feedback to improve quality of care.
Orlando Health takes patient satisfaction very seriously - as a matter of fact, our goal is to be in the top 10% of the country. We are pleased that our patients have rated us the best in nearly all aspects of patient satisfaction in the most recent government report of patient satisfaction scores.
Click here to view the most recent government report of patient satisfaction scores
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June 16, 2009 A German study published in the current issue of Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics addresses the differences between inpatient versus day clinic treatment of bulimia nervosa.
In bulimia nervosa, more intense treatments are recommended if outpatient treatment fails. This is the first randomized controlled trial comparing the options of inpatient versus day clinic treatment.
Patients with severe bulimia nervosa were randomly assigned to inpatient or day clinic treatment of similar length and intensity. Specific and general psychopathology was assessed at the end of treatment and a 3-month follow-up. Fifty-five patients were randomized; 22 day clinic patients and 21 inpatients started the program. At the end of treatment, a significant reduction of general and specific pathology was found in both settings.
Following discharge, there was more deterioration in bulimic symptoms after inpatient treatment, but overall, results were comparable.
Inpatient and day clinic programs are effective treatments for severely disturbed bulimic patients with similar results at the 3-month follow-up. Further follow-up will show if a higher instability of results after inpatient treatment is of importance in the long term.
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Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.
Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.
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Apr 8, 2013:
Clawing is a natural behavior that cats should be encouraged to do. Not only do cats claw to remove old claw sheaths, but also to mark territory, exercise, and relieve pent-up stress. That being said, there is no reason to tolerate the clawing of an undesirable object such as the couch.
Apr 3, 2013:
Many cat owners think they are doing their cats a favor by devoting a single area of the home, such as the basement, to all of their cats' resources and needs. I have found spaces like this (especially in multi-cat households) to be the root of many behavioral problems.
Mar 8, 2013:
Cats are known for their superior nocturnal vision, a feature that likely developed to help their wildcat ancestors hunt at night. The muscles in your cat's eyes allow her pupils to narrow into a vertical slit in bright light and to expand to let maximum light in when her surroundings are on the dark side.
Mar 1, 2013:
There is nothing quite like waking up to the jarring sound of your cat’s steady meows. In the corresponding groggy frustration, it’s important to remember that she’s not purposely torturing you. Cats use vocalized cues, such as hissing, yowling, and growling, to communicate.
Feb 22, 2013:
In a multi-cat household, cats who are friendly with one another share a group scent. Behaviors such as rubbing up against one another help create a group scent and increase bonding. Multi-cat homes without an established group scent are breeding grounds for turmoil.
Feb 5, 2013:
Encouraging your cats to play together with one toy may seem like a good idea. Surely this type of mutual play time would help foster a close and friendly relationship between your fluffy felines, right?
Feb 1, 2013:
Chances are good that you already know about food puzzles for dogs, but did you know that they can also be a very important part of your cat’s daily repertoire?
Jan 31, 2013:
Chances are good that you know about the importance of play time for your cats. Many cat owners, however, stop initiating play if their cats aren’t responsive. What do you do when your cat doesn’t play with the faux fur mice toys the way he used to?
Jan 30, 2013:
Like his ancestor, the African Wildcat, your cat has survival instincts to help keep him safe from predators and competitor cats. As appealing as a covered litter box seems to you, using one goes against your cat’s natural survival instincts.
Jan 15, 2013:
Spraying (urine marking) is a frustrating and seemingly hopeless issue for many cat owners. Many believe that once a cat begins to spray he will always do it - a belief that couldn't be further from the truth.
Jan 2, 2013:
Do you ever wonder why your cat insists on pawing water out of your glass or lapping up the trickle from the kitchen sink instead of drinking from his own perfectly clean and full bowl? The answer may be in it's location.
Jan 1, 2013:
Each year, millions of cats end up in shelters due to litter box issues. When your cat urinates outside of her box it can be frustrating, not to mention destructive. Rest assured, cats are not spiteful creatures.
Jan 1, 2013:
Mieshelle Nagelschneider, ACCBC, is a cat behaviorist and author of the science-based cat behavior book, The Cat Whisperer (Random House Publishing). Her passion and curiosity about cats along with her study in animal behavior, has enabled her to help thousands of cat owners solve their cats' behavior issues for over two decades.
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Cardio Vascular Risk Factors
What is Cardio Vascular Disease? - How Many People Have It? - How Many People Die from It? - Who Dies from Cardio Vascular Disease - Am I at Risk? - How Will Cardio Vascular Effect My Life? - What Can I Do About It? - Links - Further Reading - Articles
What is Cardiovascular Disease? Cardiovascular disease (CVD)is a group of medcial problems that effect the heart and surrounding blood vessels. CVD can take many forms, such as high blood pressure, coronary artery disease, valvular heart disease, stroke, or rheumatic heart disease. Back to top
CVD claimed the lives of nearly a million people in 1997. This accounts for 41.2 percent of all deaths that year. One-sixth of all people killed by CVD are under the age of 65. Cancer, the second largest killer in the United States, accounts for only half as many deaths.
Approximate number of deaths per 100,000 people for the year 2000 are:
You may be at increased risk of CVD if you answer "YES" to two or more of the following questions:
Your risk adds increases as you can answer more of the above questions as a "yes." Fortunately, many of these risk factors are in your control.
Depending on what form or forms of the disease you have, its impact on your life can vary.
High Blood Pressure
High blood pressure is called the "silent killer," because it develops over many years with no noticeable symptoms. Allowed to run unchecked, it can cause many health problems, including heart attack, stroke, kidney damage, and blindness. On average, people with uncontrolled high blood pressure are:
Therefore, it is important to have your blood pressure checked regularly. If your blood pressure is high, your doctor may work with you to try to reduce it. He or she may recommend dietary changes, and exercise program, or medication to help manage blood pressure. Remember, the closer you ca get your blood pressure to 120 / 80 mm/hg, the better!
A heart attack (also called "myocardial infarction") occurs when a section of the heart becomes oxygen deprived as a result of a blockage in one of the arteries that leads to the heart. While they seem to occur suddenly and often without warning, the process underlying the event has been going on for many years. Underlying the clot is a disease of the artery wall called arteriosclerosis. After a heart attack, patients are generally allowed to return to work in 3-6 weeks, although most will be limited to carrying no more than 40 pounds for the first 3-6 months. It is often recommended that the person go back for half-days if possible for the first week. Long hours should be avoided.
In instances where increased blood flow to the heart is needed (during exercise, sex or stressful or emotional situations) clogged coronary arteries cannot deliver enough oxygen rich blood to the heart. The result is that the heart tissues are starved of oxygen, causing pain. The effect that angina has on your life varies enormously. Some people are able to lead normal lives, apart from restrictions on strenuous exercise. Others, however, may become severely disabled. Although medication can control the symptoms of angina, it cannot cure the condition. The most important things you can do are to stop smoking and watch your weight and your blood pressure.
Stroke is a cardiovascular disease that affects the blood vessels supplying blood to the brain. A stroke occurs when a blood vessel bringing oxygen and nutrients to the brain bursts or is clogged by a blood clot or some other particle. Part of the brain doesn't get the blood flow it needs and oxygen deprived cells in the affected area of the brain die within minutes. As a result, the parts of the body controlled by these nerve cells can't function. The effects of stroke are often permanent because dead brain cells are not replaced.
Stroke affects different people in different ways, depending on the type of stroke, the area of the brain affected and the extent of the brain injury. Brain injury from a stroke can affect the senses, motor activity, speech and the ability to understand speech, behavioral patterns, thought patterns, memory and emotions. Paralysis or weakness on one side of the body is common.
Rheumatic Heart Disease
Rheumatic heart disease is a condition in which permanent damage to the heart valves is caused when a strep throat infection develops into rheumatic fever. Persons who have previously contracted rheumatic fever are often given continuous (daily or monthly) antibiotic treatments, possibly for life, to prevent future attacks of rheumatic fever and lower the risk of heart damage. The damaged heart valve either doesn't completely close or doesn't completely open. The severity of the problem depends on how much damage was done and on which heart valve is affected. The most advanced condition is congestive heart failure. Antibiotic therapy has sharply reduced the incidence and mortality rate of rheumatic fever/rheumatic heart disease.
Congestive Heart Failure
Congestive heart failure is a condition in which the heart can't pump enough blood to meet the needs of the body's other organs. The "failing" heart keeps working but doesn't work as efficiently as it should. People with heart failure can't exert themselves because they become short of breath and tired. As blood flow out of the heart slows, blood returning to the heart through the veins backs up, causing congestion and swelling (edema) most commonly in the legs and ankles, but possibly in other parts of the body as well. Sometimes fluid collects in the lungs and interferes with breathing, causing shortness of breath, especially when a person is lying down.
High Cholesterol is a major contributor to heart disease, particularly atherosclerosis (hardening, narrowing and eventual clogging of arteries). If too much cholesterol circulates in the blood, it can slowly form a clot in the walls of the arteries feeding the heart and brain. A clot can block the flow of blood to part of the heart muscle and cause a heart attack. If a clot blocks the flow of blood to part of the brain, the result is a stroke. High cholesterol can be effectively managed through a combination of medications, diet changes, and exercise.
What can I do about it? There are several things you can do to reduce your risk for cardiovascular disease: Exercise is a great place to start. It burns off calories, reduces the appetite, lowers blood pressure, reduces stress levels, and raises HDL cholesterol levels (good cholesterol). Exercise should be moderate and should occur on most days of the week. A brisk, 20 to 30 minute walk almost everyday would be of great benefit.
A few simple dietary changes can make your diet heart-smart. Heart-healthy habits include limiting your intake of salt to no more than a teaspoon (6 grams) or 2,400 milligrams of sodium per day. Your diet should consist primarily of fruits, vegetables, grain products, lean meats, and fish. Try to decrease your level of fat and cholesterol (i.e., fatty red meats, whole milk, whole milk cheeses, eggs, cream-based dishes, and rich desserts). Only 30 percent of your calories should come from fat. You can cut fat and cholesterol by replacing fried foods with roasted, baked, grilled, steamed, and broiled foods. Buy only lean cuts of meat and trim away visible fat prior to cooking. Remove the fatty skin of poultry prior to cooking. Replace butter with olive, canola, or peanut oil. Your daily cholesterol consumption should be no more than about 300 milligrams. One egg has approximately 213 milligrams.
Medical research suggests that having small amounts of alcohol protects against heart disease and heart attacks. An appropriate amount is one 8-ounce glass of wine, two 12-ounce glasses of beer, or one cocktail made with 2-ounces of 100-proof liquor. Moderate amounts of alcohol raises HDL (good) cholesterol levels, which helps to move more of the LDL (bad) cholesterol out of the body. While drinking small amounts of alcohol can be helpful to the heart, excessive amounts of alcohol can seriously damage the heart and liver.Managing stress is important to everyone's well-being, but it is a special concern for those with heart disease. When we feel stressed, our hearts race and blood pressure rises, increasing the demand by the heart for oxygen, which can cause chest pain. Also, our arteries can become injured by the combination of excess hormones and blood circulation required during the stress response. As the arterial walls begin to heal, they thicken, making them prone to plaque buildup, which narrows the arteries. Additionally, when we are stressed, our blood is more likely to clot and block a narrow artery, causing a heart attack. Back to top
Articles Jousilahti, P., E. Vartiainen, J. Tuomilehto and P. Puska. 1999. Sex, age, cardiovascular risk factors, and coronary heart disease: a prospective follow-up study of 14,786 middle-aged men and women in Finland. Circulation, 99:1165-72. Kris-Etherton, P.M., C.L. Pelkman, G. Zhao and Y. Wang. 2000. No evidence for a link between consumption of chocolate and coronary heart disease. Am J Clin Nutr Oct;72(4):1059-61. Rosengren, A., H. Wedel and L. Wilhelmsen. 1999. Body weight and weight gain during adult life in med in relation to coronary heart disease and mortality. A prospecitive population study. Eur Heart J. Feb ;20 (4): 269-77.
SleepKeyTM - New! A hand-held computer that uses cognitive behavioral strategies to treat primary insomnia. Funded by grants from NIH.
QuitKeyTM - Second generation hand-held technology for smoking cessation. Proven effective with grants from NIH.
DietMate® - Palm-sized computer for weight loss, hypertension, and cholesterol control.
Health Distributors - Business opportunity for health professionals interested in distributing LifeSign and DietMate.
HealthPays - Help employees quit smoking and stay healthy.
NicotineFreeKids - Online community for kids and teenagers; focusing on health and being nicotine free.
TobaccoWeek - Online resource for tobacco news and information.
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|Page last modified Mar. 29, 2010|
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Securing Your Wooden Garden Gate
There are quite a few options for locking your gate. They range from gate latches that have a lock built in to gate latches offering a hole to slide in a padlock, to deadbolts, to slide bolts.
Lockable gate latches. These include a lock as either an integral part of the gate latch, or as an addition to the gate latch (such as a padlock slipped through a hole in the latch). These range from the most basic old-style gate latch that you tie a pull-string to, through highly engineered latches that have a
lock as a part of the design. All lockable gate latches are lockable on one-side only (the inside of the gate, usually in the yard).
See 360 Yardware’s selection of lockable gate latches.
Sometimes you fall in love with a particular gate latch and it isn’t lockable, but you need some measure of security on the gate. A deadbolt is a really good option. Installing a deadbolt requires some tools and skill, but it looks and functions well. Generally, the deadbolt is installed in addition to a latch. You can likely find one that has the same finish as your latch.
There are two options for deadbolts: single cylinder or double cylinder. Single cylinder means that there is a knob on the inside of the gate and a keyed side on the outside of the gate. If you need to lock your garden gate from both sides, a double cylinder deadbolt is the ticket. You’ll have a keyed side on both sides of the gate. If you only need the security occasionally, you can leave the deadbolt disengaged until you need it. Deadbolts are slightly technical as far as installation goes–there is some boring that’s required in the internal guts of the gate and jamb.
For very thick gates, we now offer a deadbolt extension up to 5.5″ thick.
See 360 Yardware’s selection of deadbolts. Almost all deadbolts can be ordered as a double cylinder deadbolt.
Another possibility for a lockable gate latch is to use the deadbolt as a latch. The benefit is that you only need one piece of hardware. The downside is
that you’ll need a key to open the gate from the street-side of the gate (or both sides of the gate if you choose a double cylinder deadbolt). You’ll also always need to latch the deadbolt by hand, rather than having a gate latch that’s self-latching.
One new option on the scene is the Emtek Keypad Deadbolt Lockset. Available in either sandcast bronze or brass, the lockset allows you to enter the gate without a key, by entering a key code of your choosing. It also has a place to use the key if you’d like. On the inside of the gate you just turn the knob and lock it up. Due to the electronics inside this deadbolt set, Emtek recommends it be used only on gates in protected areas (if exposed to a lot of seasonal rain) or in areas of low rainfall. See the Emtek Keypad Deadbolt Lockset.
Slide Bolts, Barrel Bolts, etc. Whereas deadbolts are operable from both sides of the gate, slidebolts, barrel bolts and others like them are installed on the inside (yard-side) of the gate. They are installed as an additional measure above or below a non-locking gate latch. To engage the lock, you slide the barrel into the catch and it prevents the gate from being opened from either side. These types of bolts are surface-mounted to the face of the gate.
See 360 Yardware’s selection of slide bolts and barrel bolts.
Examples of Lockable Latches
Examples of Deadbolts
The Emtek Brass Keypad Deadbolt, shown in Oil Rubbed Bronze. This deadbolt system allows you to keep your gate locked, but also makes it quite easy to open the gate when needed by entering your own personal keycode.
Examples of Slide Bolts and Barrel
Bolts (Surface-Mounted Bolts)
Download our new Architectural Gate Hardware catalog, which includes all of our gate latches (modern, contemporary, rustic, traditional and antique) plus outdoor gate hinges, gate stops, cane bolts, and gate locks. The catalog includes gate latches for double gates and single gate hardware packages where we take the thought out of putting together a hardware ensemble.
360 Yardware is an authorized distributor of Emtek door hardware, including modern door hardware, contemporary door hardware, door accessories, deadbolts. To see our complete offerings, see our Emtek Catalog page.
More About 360 Yardware
Gate Hardware: We have everything you need to replace your old Fence and Gate Hardware. If you have a Wooden Gate or need a Replacement Latch, we offer Gate Latches, Deadbolt Latches, Gate Hinges, Hinge Fronts, and other Decorative Gate Hardware. We’ve also combined many of our products into gate hardware sets and value packages.
Gate Latches: Our Wooden Gate Latches selection offers something for everyone. If Antique Gate Closures are your style, we carry Cast Iron Hardware and Iron Gate Latches that look like historic and more traditional gate latches. Even better, there are now Aluminum Gate Latches–in the same styles as the antique gate latches–which are rust-resistant and perfect for coastal areas. We also offer a line of cast Bronze Gate Latches: durable, substantial, and that will age gracefully with no rusting over time. A few of the latches we offer are versatile in their styling, so they can be used at homes with traditional, antique, contemporary, or Spanish aesthetics.
We are thrilled to introduce the Moda Contemporary Gate Latch in 316 Stainless Steel. The Moda Latch is a modern lever latch in brushed stainless steel with FSC-certified sustainable tigerwood handle. The 316 Stainless Steel offers the utmost in corrosion protection. We offer a single gate package and a double gate package. For larger photographs, please check our information page: Moda.
Our goal is to help you fill your decorative gate hardware needs. To this end, we’ve put together gate latch sets for double wooden gates, plus single gate hardware sets including hinges, latches, and optional accessories.
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Possession of marijuana is a crime under federal law. But in several states and local jurisdictions, possessing marijuana can lead to a friendly wave from a police officer or time in jail.
Under federal law, possession of any amount of marijuana can result in up to a year in jail and a $1,000 fine for a first offense. For a second conviction, the penalties increase to a 15-day mandatory minimum sentence and a maximum of two years in prison and a fine of up to $2,500. In California, by contrast, a first offense brings no jail time and up to a $100 fine.
In many cases, a state has declined to prosecute an individual only to have federal authorities step in. Shortly after California's medical marijuana law was passed in 1996, Todd McCormick, a cancer patient who used marijuana to reduce nausea and pain, was growing marijuana at his Bel Air home, and local authorities had taken no action. In July 1997, however, federal agents raided his home. Under a plea agreement, he was sentenced to five years in federal prison. He was released in December 2003.
Moreover, writes author Eric Schlosser, “A person may even be tried twice for the same drug crime: After being found innocent by a state jury, marijuana growers can be — and have been — subsequently convicted in federal court.”
Schlosser also notes, “There are no established criteria for when a U.S. attorney will enter a marijuana case. The federal government could prosecute any and every marijuana offender in America if it so desired, but in a typical year it charges less than 2 percent of those arrested. In some districts there is a policy that the U. S. attorney will enter cases involving more than a hundred plants or a hundred pounds. In others, a federal prosecutor may simply take a special interest in a case.”
Schlosser cites the case of Edward Czuprynski, a liberal activist in Michigan, who was convicted in federal court of possession of 1.6 grams of marijuana, approximately the amount used in a single marijuana cigarette. “Under Michigan law he most likely would have received a $100 fine,” writes Schlosser. “But in federal court, Czuprynski was sentenced to 14 months in prison. His license to practice law was suspended. His successful law firm closed down.”
To further complicate matters, marijuana laws vary widely from region to region. While getting caught with an ounce of marijuana in California brings a misdemeanor charge and no jail time, for example, conviction in Alabama brings up to a year in jail and a $2,000 fine. Similarly, cultivating any amount of marijuana in California (except when it is recommended for a patient or caregiver) is a felony that can bring 16 months in prison, while cultivating 2.2 pounds to 100 pounds in Alabama means a mandatory minimum of five years in prison and a $50,000 fine.
In Texas, penalties start out on the tough side and get harsher. Possession of up to two ounces of marijuana is punishable by 180 days in jail and up to a $2,000 fine. For more than two ounces, the penalty rises to a year in jail and a fine of up to $4,000.
In addition to the patchwork of state laws, federal law requires anyone convicted of a drug offense to lose his or her student aid, notes Rep. Barney Frank, D-Mass. “I've been trying to repeal that.” Frank points out that convictions for other crimes, such as armed robbery, do not necessarily result in a loss of aid.
And convictions for possession of marijuana can be counted as parole or probation violations, resulting in jail time. “There are no hard numbers on any of that,” says Ethan Nadelmann, director of the Drug Policy Alliance, but when you talk to people in probation and parole, they say it is massive. That gives the lie to the argument there aren't a lot of people behind bars for marijuana offenses.”
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Rethinking aid when governments don’t ask for help - humanitarian response to flood disasters in Asia
BANGKOK (AlertNet) – Unusually heavy rains unleashed devastating floods in Thailand, Cambodia and Vietnam this year, disrupting the lives of some 15 million people and killing around 1,000. Damage to property and infrastructure runs to billions of dollars.
Yet none of the countries asked for international assistance, which would have resulted in a U.N.-led relief effort. Instead, the governments repeatedly said they didn’t need it.
Read the full article on AlertNet.
For more humanitarian news and analysis, please visit www.trust.org/alertnet
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To thoroughly explore Virginia's history and cultural heritage, follow a Heritage Trail. If you enjoy hiking and watching wildlife, try a Nature Trail. More than 800 miles of United States Bicycle Routes 1 and 76, as well as the Virginia Capital Trail, are included in our Biking Trails. Finally, those seeking the fruit of the vine will certainly enjoy one our Wine Trails.
Virginia Civil War Trails
has linked Civil War campaigns, using the bugle sign to mark more than 380 Civil War sites. Stop along the way and chat with interpreters, listen to radio messages from your car, and read an illustrated sign that explains what happened when and where.
Enjoy several local trails pertaining to individual battles, such as Hunter's Raid and the Wilson-Kautz Raid.
Other great side trips along the Civil War Trails include specialties such as railroading and African-American history.
The Crooked Road - Virginia's Heritage Music Trail
explores Virginia's mountain regions - Heart of Appalachia and Blue Ridge Highlands - and the rich heritage of the mountain people, focusing on their traditional
Visit more than 92 attractions, 244 outdoor recreation sites and enjoy tons of music! Other highlights include Appalachian crafts and coal mining heritage.
Early ethnic groups that settled in these regions included the Cherokee Indians, the Melungeons (Portugese, Native American and African-American), the Germans and Scots-Irish.
Virginia's Coal Heritage Trail
links the Heart of Appalachia's coalfields, communities, and the culture through seven counties on this official Virginia Byway. Just some of the points of interest along the trail include the intact coal-boom era town of Appalachia; Pocahontas Exhibition Coal Mine; the Dennis E. Reedy Railroad and Coal Mining Museum in Clinch; various coal miners' memorials; Breaks Interstate Park and Natural Tunnel State Park.
The Captain John Smith Trail takes you to 35 key sites along the James River, where Captain John Smith explored from 1607 to 1609. Travel by land and water from Historic Jamestowne north to Richmond, and loop back south again to Smithfield and across the river to Newport News. Sites include Native-American villages, historical sites, plantations, wildlife refuges and parks.
The Jamestown Discovery Trail begins allows you to travel 39.6 miles along the Virginia Route 5 Scenic Byway through 400 years of history and see sites of Native American settlements, elegant plantations, African-American landmarks, presidential homes, Civil War battlefields and active farms. The trail ends at Jamestown Settlement and Historic Jamestowne with plenty of mile markers.
The Road to Revolution Heritage Trail is a guide through the life of Patrick Henry, orator of the Revolution and Virginia's first governor. See sites like St. John's Church, famed for Henry's "give me liberty or give me death" speech, and Red Hill, Henry's last home and burial place.
The Journey Through Hallowed Ground is a beautiful trip down Route 15 through a region recognized as the most historically significant to America. Check out the Main Street communities along the way!
The Civil Rights in Education Heritage Trail is the first historic trail dedicated to commemorating the civil-rights-in-education struggles of African-Americans, Native Americans and women from the 18th through the 20th centuries. The 300-mile trail features 41 sites in the southern Central region of Virginia, each with this marker.
For example, in 1951, students of R.R. Moton High School in Farmville, demanded equal rights in education. Their cries led to a lawsuit that became part of the famous Brown vs. Board of Education lawsuit, which began an integration process propelling the Civil Rights Movement! The school became a National Historic Landmark in 1998.
Overmountain Victory National Historic Trail
commemorates and preserves the route of patriot militia who fought and defeated a force of a thousand British soldiers at the Battle of Kings Mountain during the Revolutionary War. About 200 Virginia soldiers marched from Abingdon to fight in the South Carolina battle.
Follow the trail on a parallel Commemorative Motor Route that begins in Abingdon and heads south on State Highway 75. You may also order a brochure of the complete 330-mile trail from the National Park Service, which manages the Trail from Virginia through eastern Tennessee, North Carolina and South Carolina, ending at Kings Mountain National Military Park.
The Wilderness Road: Virginia's Heritage Migration Route
, was the primary route taken by early settlers to the Blue Ridge Highlands and Heart of Appalacia regions of Virginia. It is an adventure through 23 Virginia localities and includes the Fincastle Turnpike and Carolina Road.
Trail to Freedom
is a walking and driving tour through Fredericksburg, Stafford, Spotsylvania and surrounding counties that details the mass slave exodus in the summer of 1862. Seeing their chance for freedom, as many as 10,000 slaves crossed the Rappahannock River for cover behind the Union army lines.
Richmond Liberty Trail
is a 6.2-mile walk through historic downtown Richmond. It includes 15 national historic landmarks. Look for the blue stars painted on the sidewalks to follow the trail.
Virginia's Birding & Wildlife Trail
is a driving trail with loops off the main trail, linking some of Virginia’s best wildlife-watching areas with walking and biking trails. It is the first statewide program of its kind in the United States and is divided into three areas:
The Coastal Region includes 210 sites organized into 18 loops.The Piedmont Region includes 13 loops into forests, pineland savannahs and reservoirs.The Mountain Region includes 310 sites organized into 34 loops!
Order your regional guides and Discover Virginia's Wild Side!
Virginia's portion of the Appalachian Trail encompasses 544 miles of the AT, more than any other state! And 101 of those miles lie in beautiful Shenandoah National Park, paralleling beautiful Skyline Drive.
The AT is well-maintained and has gentle grades, making it a most enjoyable trek for hikers of all ages and abilities.
The most remote and less-traveled portion of the AT is at the southern Virginia region. By the time you reach Damascus — known as Trail Town USA — you'll be ready for civilization again!
The Virginia Creeper National Recreation Trail can be accessed from Damascus and is 34.3 miles long. It began as a Native-American footpath. Daniel Boone even used the Trail while exploring the area. It got its name from the early steam locomotives that struggled up the railroad's steep grades.
Order your free Trail Guide and join the Trail Club. Get a complete listing of other hiking trails in Virginia.
Cycling the Commonwealth features various bike trails. For example, one of the trails is the Virginia Capital Trail — a bicycle and pedestrian route linking the first settlement in Jamestown, the Colonial Capital in Williamsburg, and Virginia's modern seat of government in Richmond. When complete, this 54-mile trail along Route 5 will feature interpretive sites and pedestrian amenities.
Order your Official State Bicycling Map.
Look for this grape cluster sign as you travel along Virginia's Wine Trails.
Order your Free 2013 Virginia Travel Guide.
What's going on around Virginia? Subscribe to the Virginia eNews.
Thank You! For subscribing to the Virginia eNewsletter. You will begin receiving 2 email newsletters each month.
View Our Newsletter Archive
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How Can I Become a Logistics Manager?
Do you enjoy making plans and managing projects? Does the idea of controlling multiple departments, supplies and employees interest you? If so, a career as a logistics manager may be right for you. Read more to learn how to become a logistics manager. Schools offering Global Operations & Supply Chain Management degrees can also be found in these popular choices.
What Would I Do as a Logistics Manager?
As a logistics manager, you would manage supplies, establish operation or delivery plans, monitor the functioning of logistical support departments and oversee staff. You may also perform financial tasks, such as creating and managing budgets or controlling costs. You can work in the manufacturing, farming, defense or warehousing industries.
Alternative job titles include logistics officer, logistics engineer or lead logistician. The job tasks performed by logistics managers correspond with some of the tasks ascribed by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) to transportation, storage and distribution managers as well as industrial production managers (www.bls.gov).
What Certification or Education Do I Need?
Undergraduate and graduate degrees in logistics management are available. Sometimes, these programs may be business managment programs that concentrate in logistics. Most employers require at least a bachelor's degree in the field.
Associate's degree programs teach customer service, supply chain management, inventory management, marketing and operations management. Bachelor's degree programs offer courses in transportation systems, finance and business operations. A master's degree program curriculum includes instruction in logistics systems, management acounting, supply chain finance and systems dynamics. You will also likely have to write a thesis in a master's degree program.
Do I Need Certification or Licensure?
There is no specific certification or licensure required to work as a logistics manager. However, voluntary certification is available from the International Society of Logistics. The society offers three consecutive certifications: the Demonstrated Logistician Program, the Certified Master Logistician and the Certified Professional Logistician. The first certification is awarded based on work experience and earned continuing education credits, but the remaining two require that you pass an examination.
How Much Could I Earn?
The BLS reports that, in 2010, there were 90,280 transportation, storate and distribution managers in the nation, and that these professionals earned a mean average salary of $86,630. Also according to the BLS, in 2010 there were 143,310 industrial production managers in the nation. These managers earned a mean annual salary of $95,660.
To continue researching, browse degree options below for course curriculum, prerequisites and financial aid information. Or, learn more about the subject by reading the related articles below:
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A U.S. delegation arrived at Islahiye Refugee Camp in Turkey on Thursday to inspect the temporary town, population 8,825.
"Our expectation from the United States, from the U.S. delegation, is to enable these people to go home as soon as possible," said Islahiye District Governor Osman Beyazyildiz.
So far, the camp established in March 2012 has cost more than $17.8 million, Beyazyildiz said.
Many Turks are being gracious hosts.
The Anadolu news agency said Turkey delivered new toys Thursday to 4,500 children living in a tent city in Nizip. And the state-run news agency TRT reported that, in addition to public and private groups sending food to displaced Syrians, some secondary school students have been donating "part of their allowances."
U.S. delegation member Anne Richard, assistant secretary of state for population, migration and refugees, thanked the Turks for providing refuge.
"We are very, very grateful to the governor and the people of Turkey for their incredible generosity to their neighbors who are fleeing Syria," Richard said, pointing out the United States "has been" and "will continue" providing assistance.
Overall, the United States has contributed $210 million of "humanitarian assistance" to the "heartbreaking" cause, delegation member Nancy Lindborg of the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) said.
Syrian state television said Thursday the Assad regime was trying to help the refugees as well. The TV station flashed an "urgent" banner, which translates as, "Based on the political program to resolve the crisis in Syria, the Interior Ministry is calling on the Syrian citizens who crossed the border illegally or legally to come back to the country, and all the necessary measures to resolve their situation will be available to them."
Al-Assad and other top officials, including Prime Minister Wael al-Halqi, celebrated the birth of the Prophet Mohammed on Thursday inside a Damascus mosque, as shown live on state television.
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Speak every language!
START OFFER: INTRODUCTION PRICE - BUY VOICE TRANSLATE NOW.
Voice Translate allows you to not only translate the text with your voice, but is also a portable interpreter. Thus, learning a new language is very simple!
Talk in your phone in one language and hear it immeaditly in an other language. It's like magic! Try it out now with the LIMITED INTRO OFFER!
|More than 20 languages with voice recognition and output|
Just choose a language, say something and translate it into another language.
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The used speech recognition is incredibly accurate and easily recognize your voice. If you want to edit the text, you can click on the latest speech recognition and change it with the keyboard.
|Translations for direct processing!|
Click on a translation and share them as with friends or simply copy the text. You can also repeatedly play back the translation as to remember the better you can be certain sentences.
Danish, Dutch, English (AUS), English (UK), English (U.S.), French (CAN), French (EU), German, Chinese (Cantonese), Italian, Japanese, Korean, Chinese (Mandarin), Norwegian, Polish , Portuguese (BR) and more ...
App submitted Sun 21 Oct '12
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FOR ANTHROPOLOGY MAJORS
Statement on JobsVery early in your education you should plan a career. If you have not already decided what direction that planning will take, start today. There are various ways for doing this. One is to sort out what your skills are and to work to improve them.
Several of the more important "cross-over skills," i.e., skills you gain in anthropology which can be transferred to a wide variety of jobs, are: knowledge of the working of society and the role of culture, writing, communication, research methods, and analytic techniques. All these talents are in demand to analyze social problems, to communicate your analyses to others, and to work to solve them. This talent is applicable both to the private sector (think tanks, marketing research, international corporations) and to the public sector (local, state, and federal government agencies).
One should be aware that many of the technical skills learned in biological anthropology and archaeology can be translated into a broad range of competencies such as surveying, environmental impact, medical research, planning, etc. One problem is that once these skills are acquired, it is also necessary to conceptualize how the skills can be put to use in a variety of contexts. There are, for example, very few jobs in primate research outside of universities; there are, however, many jobs working with animals. The same is true of medical anthropology and nutrition. Most biological anthropologists teach and do research at universities and colleges while some teach in high schools. Still others work for various state and federal government agencies, or are privately employed. At colleges, physical anthropologists can be found in anthropology, sociology, social sciences, anatomy, biological sciences, human biology, zoology, and medical school departments. Biological anthropologists may do forensic consultation for law enforcement agencies to assist in solving crimes.
You should also be aware of how important grades may be. Some employers may not need to see your academic transcript, but others may insist on it. But grades have other ramifications. They indicate that you have certain positive work habits which will assist you in preparing for examinations that some jobs require. They also raise your general visibility with professors, who in turn may be more willing to write strong letters of recommendation, something which every potential employer will want to see. It is important in pursuing a job to establish as many contacts as possible. Remember that one of those contacts is your teacher.
It is also useful to have had practical experience in the area in which you plan to seek a job. One means of doing this is to enroll in the Internship Program. This program will give you a chance not only to acquire valuable experience but also to make contacts in your field. This adds to your potential recommendations and puts you in a better position to get your job.
The Internship Program in Anthropology (ANTH 491) allows you to work in museums, hospitals, welfare agencies, planning commissions, archaeological excavations, translating programs, and so forth. Some of these internships are paid and several have developed from volunteer work to paid positions.
Many anthropologists in the 1990s will be hired by expanding their talents to "cross-over" into other employment areas. To do this it is very important to be a generalist and apply your discipline to other areas. One way of preparing to "cross-over" is to be very selective about your electives, make them count in your job preparation. It is also highly useful in some kinds of careers, and in any career abroad, to have had language training. The ability to speak a language other than English improves your chances for placement.
At some point, you must go out and look for a job. The first step in actually presenting yourself to an employer is to prepare a clear and informative curriculum vita. This is an overview of your qualifications. In it, present yourself in the strongest possible light. Explain how your classwork relates to jobs, list your travel experiences, your awards, your interests. If you have questions about this, please consult with your academic adviser. You might also consult the booklet What Color is Your Parachute? by Bolles. Local bookstores ordinarily stock this.
Employers are also impressed by personal characteristics. They look for such things as intelligence, friendliness, good work habits, and how well you fit into a group. These traits tend to come out in interviews. One means of enhancing your skill at interviews is to ask your academic adviser to give you a "mock" interview. It is essential that you convince an employer that you have something better to offer than other candidates. This can be partly accomplished by demonstrating leadership skills. Work taken beyond the B.A. also assists in this competitiveness; you might consider entering the graduate program not only for the possibility of a teaching career but also to make a stronger case with an employer. Consult the Career Development Center in Langsdorf Hall 208. They have a library and referral service for career planning.
You might also consult with the Testing and Counseling Center which teaches career planning and assists you in evaluating your skills, values, and needs. Three books you might consult on this matter are Irish's Go Hire Yourself an Employer, Bolles' Where Do I Go From Here With My Life?", and the Quick Job-Hunting Map.
Full-Time JobsAnthropology majors at both the B.A. and M.A. levels often take positions in business and government. Common choices are advertising, administration, market research, sales management, public relations, banking, merchandising, medical, editing, journalism, utilities, and management consulting. Although positions in these fields are open to individuals with a B.A., an M.A. confers a special advantage in being promoted or assigned to interesting overseas assignments. Anthropology majors are particularly suited to such governmental positions as foreign service officer, aid for international development office, urban planners, counselors, and conducting environmental impact studies.
These kinds of jobs are more competitive than part-time jobs, but the security level, and often income, goes up. If your problem is survival, look at the part-time opportunities; if it is security then you should pursue a full-time job. Obviously, you can hold part-time employment while looking for a full-time job.
One of the largest areas of employment is in social services. There are a variety of programs at the city, state, and federal levels. Two likely areas are youth programs and programs for the aged. You can get information on these areas from the United States Department of Health, Education, and Welfare.
Various social scientists have been hired in programs dealing with dangerous drugs and alcoholism. For information on this field, consult with the National Institute of Mental Health. There are also possibilities with various hospitals and government agencies in regard to social and case workers. And, although they pay only subsistence wages, various volunteer programs, such as Peace Corps and Vista, provide experience and contacts. If interested in the latter, contact Action Volunteers, 1133 Westwood Blvd., Los Angeles CA 90024.
In acquiring a full-time job it is important to be willing to relocate. Although Orange County is a prosperous area, its economic growth rate is offset by the large numbers of people who wish to live in the area and who migrate here. Other regions of the United States may, for your particular skills, be better locations. You should also think of employment overseas, which is a continually expanding market.
Part-Time JobsIf you are working on a master's or plan to go to graduate school you might consider teaching at community colleges. To get into this work you should get a community college teaching certificate. You can get an application form for a California Community College Credential (A-1). When you fill out the application, make your qualifications for teaching as broad as legitimately possible. If you have a strong minor in philosophy, list that as one of your areas of interest also.
There are also several federal and state programs for teaching teachers or students in limited resource areas. The Child Development Association, for example, trains people to work with children. Most of the clients in this program are child care teachers going for a certificate in social science. The anthropologist can assist such teacher training in language self-concepts, safety in environment, creativity, art, and group management.
The federal government's Head Start Program is also a potential employment area that teaches academic subjects in limited resource areas. If students are interested in either one of these programs, they should consult with the Undergraduate Adviser.
There are also a number of opportunities to design and teach your own course at night schools, extension programs, prison programs, and the like.
When applying for these kinds of jobs, take your resume with you. Be willing to teach to humanities and interdisciplinary classes as well as anthropology. Go to different department on campuses and find people who are available to talk about your area of teaching potential.
These are some, but by no means all, of the possibilities. It may take time and certainly it will take energy to get a job. But your academic preparation has made you a saleable and useful member of the community. Now you must go out and find where you can best fit in.
For More Information:
Southwestern Anthropology Association.
The London Times Educational Supplement.
The London Times Higher Education Supplement.
UNESCO International Social Science Journal (lists job openings abroad).
Cooperative College Registry (Washington, D.C. - lists over 100 small U.S. Colleges).
Overseas Educational Service of Education and World Affairs, Inc. (New York, NY).
The Chronicle of Higher Education (1717 Massachusetts Ave., N.W., Washington, D.C.).
The Conference Board of Associated Research Councils (Washington, D.C. - administers
programs for foreign scholar exchange under the Fulbright-Hays Act).
American Anthropological Association Newsletter.
Write also to the British Council and the Canada Council and to individual governmental departments and agencies in the U.S. and in foreign countries.
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News of Savita Halappanavar’s agonizing death in an Irish hospital from septicemia and E. Coli infection is all over the internet, and thank goodness, most people are heartbroken and angry. Everything about her death is heartbreaking and angering: the three days she spent in horrible pain, the seeming futility of her laboring when the pregnancy was not viable, the massive infection that should have had no place in a modern hospital, and Savita’s husband’s claim that he was told “This is a Catholic country” to explain why Ms. Halappanavar’s request for an abortion was denied. (University Hospital Galway, where she died, is not a Catholic hospital.)
Those who defend Ireland’s abortion ban have suggested that she may have died from the delayed administration of antibiotics, and not, strictly speaking, for lack of an abortion.
(Which… I mean, I’m not that sort of doctor. But this person is, and she says that the standard of care is “hastening delivery by the safest means possible.” My faltering understanding is that an open cervix and a ruptured amniotic sac meant that bacteria could invade her body quite easily, far more easily than if the cervix, mucus plug, and amniotic sac were intact. A delivery, or a dilation and extraction—of a non-viable pregnancy, remember—would stand a chance of staving off that infection. But yes, antibiotics would also be a grand idea, and presumably the investigation will look at that.)
At the same time, one needs to keep in mind the history of Ireland’s abortion ban. In 1992, the Irish Supreme Court established the right of Irish women to have abortions if their lives were at risk. But the Irish government failed to create a process whereby a woman could show her life to be at risk and thus access a life-saving abortion… a failure for which the the European Court of Human Rights ruled against the government in 2010. Such legislation hasstill not been passed, though, and Irish Catholic bishops have supported a campaign to keep it from being passed.
Read on at Religion Dispatches.
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Bollinger Bands: The Best Volatility Gauge for the Intraday Trader
One of the more common technical tools used by traders, the Bollinger Bands were created by John Bollinger in the early 80s. The tool was not intended as a technical analysis item for trading decisions, but its perceived utility for that purpose has made it widely popular in the ensuing decades. It is likely to be a part of any useful trading software, and is utilized both independently, and also as part of a general trading strategy by countless traders all over the world.
Note: Past performance is not indicative of future results.
Here we see a typical day's price action analyzed with the Bollinger Bands. We observe the contraction of the bands in the middle part of the chart, and on the left- hand side. In between, we observe the bands expanding as the violent up- and downward movements create great momentum in the market. The upper and lower lines are the standard deviations to be discussed below soon, while the middle line is the moving average often used as the signal line by traders.
Calculation of the Bands
The Bollinger Band consists of a moving average, and two standard deviation indicators superimposed on it. The standard deviation is used to determine how much the price diverges from the mean (i.e. how great the momentum is) for the ongoing market movement. Interested readers can refer to the related article on this website, but typically, the standard deviation will move away from the moving average in the middle when the price moves up or down with strong momentum.
More concisely, the Bands consist of
an N-period SMA, EMA, or smoothed moving average in the middle, depending on the choice
the upper Bollinger Band, which is an N-period standard deviation multiplied with a factor K, and added to the SMA value
the lower Bolliner Band, which is the same, but the standard deviation is subtracted from the SMA.
N and K can be determined by the trader. Typical values are 20 for N (the SMA and standard deviation period), and 2 for K. The K factor is used to make bands pronounced and easily observed.
Trading with the Bollinger Bands
There are many different ways of interpreting the bands. At its simplest form, (and also as advocated by its creator, Professor Bollinger) the bands are used to measure volatility. They expand when volatility is rising, and contract when it is falling. The bands are a good gauge of volatility with very easily identifiable visual patterns emerging as the market progresses through various phases. In addition, over the years traders have also improvised many different ways of using this indicator for trading decisions. One way is to buy or sell when the price action crosses the upper or lower band, respectively, anticipating a breakout, or a rapid movement of the price. Trades are closed when the price returns to the moving average in the middle. Another way to use this indicator is anticipating a reversal after long periods of low or high volatility. For example, a trader will enter a buy order in an uptrend after the bands remain close together for a long while, anticipating the next leg of the trend to commence soon. There are also many composite strategies using the Bands for anything from confirmation to signal generation for an incipient price phenomenon.
Just about any trading platform will come equipped with the Bollinger Bands since it is so popular among traders. The MetaTrader 4 platform, DealBook of GFT Forex, FXCM Trade Station all provide this indicator, as well countless others not mentioned in this article.
Bollinger Bands serve two purposes. They depict market volatility in an easily identifiable form, and they also help us in trading decisions. The creator of the indicator does not claim that the Bands predict anything about future price action, but that doesn't prevent the indicator being very popular in that role. It is, of course, up to you to decide in which way you'll be using the Bands,
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Horse Cruelty Info
Title 18, Section 5511
The Henneke Body Scoring Chart is accepted in court as a scientific method of scoring a horse's body condition. It is used successfully in court to prove neglect.
Horse Cruelty at Auctions
PA State Police arrest horse dealer at PA horse auction
PA Cruelty Law at New Holland, PA Auction
Down and bleeding inside a trailer with Maine license plates at a New Holland, PA auction. Reportedly the horse later died. No charges were ever filed. Blood was pooling on the ground under and outside the trailer.
Down Belgian was down all day at a PA horse auction. Several bystanders attempted to get the horse to rise. A vet was never called...
Severely foundered mare's face reveals the pain she is feeling. Mare was found down on a truck at a New Holland auction. Blood oozed from her coronary bands.
All Had Broken Legs & were Hidden on A Trailer
Lancaster County Repeat Offender
Lorenzo Riccobono is no stranger to the Equine Protection Network. We have been reporting on the cruelty charges filed against him since 1999. We have sent out press releases to print and television media urging them, sometimes begging them, to cover Riccobono's hearings to no avail. Paper Horse readers are familiar with Riccobono as that publication has run several articles on his convictions. After six years of trying to get the news media to cover this issue, the news media in America's largest cities are shining the spotlight on this convicted horse abuser. As is not uncommon, it took a tragedy for the news media to finally pay attention. By our count the carriage horse in NYC makes number 7.
New York City - Lorenzo Riccobono, Gap, PA is listed by the New York City Consumer Affairs Department, the agency that regulates the NYC carriage trade, as the owner of the carriage involved in an accident on Monday January 2, 2006 that critically injured 36 year old carriage driver Carmello Vargas.
The black and white carraige horse known as Spotty was trapped under the car with a broken leg and was later euthanized Monday. Vargas was thrown ten feet from the carriage when Spotty spooked. The frightened horse raced several blocks through Midtown Manhattan before running into a Nissan Maxima station wagon at W. 50th St. and Ninth Ave in New York City at 9:30 PM. The two people in the car were also injured.
The EPN appreciates the New York Post for reporting the cruelty convictions in the New York Post on January 5, 2006.
History of Cruelty Convictions in PA
The horses involved in these cases are NOT related to the carriage horse accident in New York City except that they are owned by Lorenzo Riccobono of Gap, PA.
Lancaster County Man Pays Miniscule Fine For Cruelty to Three Horses
Closeup of wound on draft horse mare.
Gap, PA - District Justice Isaac Stoltzfus, Gap District Court found Lorenzo Riccobono, Gap, PA guilty of cruelty to horses and fined $300.00 plus court costs of $117.00 on March 18, 2003. PA State Police investigated a complaint in February 2003 of cruelty to horses due to a down draft horse that was suffering from dehydration and starvation. The horse was euthanised. The veterinarian told investigators that he had previously euthanised another draft horse in January 2003 due to the same conditions.
In September 2002 the Large Animal Protection Society, LAPS, investigated a cruelty complaint involving an injured draft horse. The horse was found to be suffering from a broken hip and was euthanised.
Ricobono told investigators that he loves these horses and had been treating it with penicillin. Ricobono also told investigators that his brother owns a carriage business in New York City. Ricobono stated he purchases horses for his brother and also provided rest for the horses. This is not Ricobono's first time in court.
PA State Police filed charges against Ricobono in 1999 and on December 8, 1999, District Justice Stoltzfus found Ricobono guilty after a hearing of one count of cruelty to animals, Title 18, Section 5511 (c) regarding failure to provide food, water and shelter to 2 horses and a pony. Mr. Riccobono was ordered to pay $125.00 in fines and court costs.
The minimum fine under PA law is $50.00. Court costs are generally $50.00 to $60.00. The draft horse and the pony both had to be euthanised due to their conditions. State Police have also investigated a horse that was killed by a car in front of his property on Route 30 in July 2002.
PA Cruelty Statutes
PENNSYLVANIA STATUTES AND CONSOLIDATED STATUTES PURDON'S PENNSYLVANIA CONSOLIDATED STATUTES TITLE 18. CRIMES AND OFFENSES PART II. DEFINITION OF SPECIFIC OFFENSES ARTICLE F. OFFENSES AGAINST PUBLIC ORDER AND DECENCY CHAPTER 55. RIOT, DISORDERLY CONDUCT AND RELATED OFFENSES
§ 5511. Cruelty to animals
(d) Selling or using disabled horse.--A person commits a summary offense if he offers for sale or sells any horse, which by reason of debility, disease or lameness, or for other cause, could not be worked or used without violating the laws against cruelty to animals, or leads, rides, drives or transports any such horse for any purpose, except that of conveying the horse to the nearest available appropriate facility for its humane keeping or destruction or for medical or surgical treatment.
(e) Transporting animals in cruel manner.--A person commits a summary offense if he carries, or causes, or allows to be carried in or upon any cart, or other vehicle whatsoever, any animal in a cruel or inhumane manner. The person taking him into custody may take charge of the animal and of any such vehicle and its contents, and deposit the same in some safe place of custody, and any necessary expenses which may be incurred for taking charge of and keeping the same, and sustaining any such animal, shall be a lien thereon, to be paid before the same can lawfully be recovered, or the said expenses or any part thereof remaining unpaid may be recovered by the person incurring the same from the owner of said creature in any action therefor.
PA's Horse Transport Law, Act 64
Signed into law on June 25, 2001 by Governor Tom Ridge(e.1) Transporting equine animals in cruel manner.-- Notwithstanding any other provision of law, a person commits a summary offense for each equine animal if the person carries, or causes or allows to be carried any equine animal in or upon any conveyance, or other vehicle whatsoever with two or more levels STACKED ON TOP OF ONE ANOTHER. A person who violates this subsection on a second or subsequent occasion commits a misdemeanor of the third degree for each equine animal transported.
§ 5511.2. Police animals.
(a) Illegal to taunt police animals.--It shall be unlawful for any person to willfully or maliciously taunt, torment, tease, beat, kick or strike a police animal. Any person who violates any of the provisions of this subsection commits a felony of the third degree.
(b) Illegal to torture police animals.--It shall be unlawful for any person to willfully or maliciously torture, mutilate, injure, disable, poison or kill a police animal. Any person who violates any of the provisions of this subsection commits a felony of the third degree.
(c) Resitution.--In any case in which a defendant is convicted of a violation of subsection (a) or (b), the defendant shall be ordered to make restitution to the agency or individual owning the animal for any veterinary bills, for replacement costs of the animal if it is disabled or killed and for the salary of the animal's handler for the period of time the handler's services are lost to the agency.
(d) Definitions.--As used in this section, the following words and phrases shall have the meanings given to them in this subsection:
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Washington — President Obama condemned the “unjust actions” of the Iranian government, but said it can still engage with the United States and the international community.
“There is a path available to Iran in which their sovereignty is respected, their traditions, their culture, their faith is respected, but one in which they are part of a large community that has responsibilites and operates acccording to norms and international rules that are universal,” Obama said Tuesday at a White House news conference. “We don’t know how they’re going to respond yet.”
Obama also said that if Iran chooses such a path, “we are interested in healing some of the wounds of 30 years in terms of U.S.-Iranian relations,” but “that’s the choice the Iranians are going to have to make.”
The U.S. leader added that “what we’ve been seeing over the last couple of weeks is not encouraging in terms of the path this regime may choose to take.”
Obama used his strongest language to describe the situation in the Islamic Republic, saying the United States was “appalled and outraged by the threats, beatings and imprisonments of the last few days.”
The president also called “patently false and absurd” Iran’s accusations that the United States and others are instigating the protests, calling them “an obvious attempt to distract people from what is truly taking place within Iran’s borders.”
“This tired strategy of using old tensions to scapegoat other countries won’t work anymore in Iran,” Obama said.
Iranian supreme leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei blamed foreign “enemies,” including “the media belonging to Zionists,” for the protests by supporters of presidential candidate Mir Hussein Moussavi in a June 19 speech. The protesters are demonstrating against what they say was the rigged re-election of President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad.
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HARRISBURG, Pa. — The superintendent of a school district that is defending its decision to mention "intelligent design" in biology classes testified Friday that he did not equate the concept with creationism.
"I did not see intelligent design as creationism. I saw them totally separate," Dover Area Superintendent Richard Nilsen said. "Creationism references Genesis. ... Intelligent design does not reference a biblical context at all."
The Dover Area School Board approved the curriculum change a year ago, requiring students to hear a statement about intelligent design before ninth-grade biology lessons on evolution. The statement says Charles Darwin's theory is "not a fact," has inexplicable "gaps," and refers students to a textbook, "Of Pandas and People," for more information.
Nilsen testified as a witness for the defense during the fourth week of a landmark federal trial that could determine whether intelligent design can be brought up in public school biology classes.
Eight families are suing to have intelligent design removed from the curriculum, because they believe the policy essentially promotes the Bible's view of creation, and therefore violates the constitutional separation of church and state.
Intelligent design supporters argue that life on Earth was the product of an unidentified intelligent force, and that natural selection cannot fully explain the origin of life or the emergence of highly complex life forms.
Nilsen said Friday he didn't think the district's approach to intelligent design would get as involved as it did. He originally envisioned teachers making only passing references to the concept in biology class.
"No one had ever said we would ignore or modify the state standards on evolution," he said.
But when teachers started asking how to implement it, the district developed the statement to be read in class.
Under cross-examination, plaintiffs' attorney Eric Rothschild asked Nilsen about a reference "Of Pandas and People" made to a "master intellect" as the origin of life on Earth. He said that, in a pretrial deposition, Nilsen had said he thought that "could only mean God or aliens."
"Is that your idea of good pedagogy?" Rothschild asked.
Nilsen replied, "Good pedagogy is to give them (students) the understanding that people believe that is true and to give them other options."
Assistant superintendent Michael Baksa, who oversees the district's curriculum, testified Friday that creationism was never discussed when school board member Bill Buckingham met with Baksa in June 2004 to air his concerns about the biology textbook's treatment of evolution.
"I understood his concerns would be that the theory is treated like a fact, a reality," Baksa said. "It's mentioned so many times in the book that it biases students to accept it as a fact."
Dick M. Carpenter II, an education professor at University of Colorado at Colorado Springs, also had been scheduled to testify Friday as an expert witness for the defense, but wasn't called because his testimony wasn't needed, said Patrick Gillen, an attorney representing the school board.
The trial began Sept. 26 and could last through early November. It was scheduled to resume Monday with additional testimony from Baksa and another defense expert witness, sociology professor Steven Fuller of the University of Warwick, England.
The plaintiffs are represented by a team put together by the American Civil Liberties Union and Americans United for Separation of Church and State. The school district is being represented by the Thomas More Law Center, a public-interest law firm based in Ann Arbor, Mich., that says its mission is to defend the religious freedom of Christians.
Copyright 2005 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.
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Rigor is creating an environment in which each student is expected to learn at high levels, each student is supported so he or she can learn at high levels, and each student demonstrates learning at high levels (Blackburn, 2008).
Friday, March 23, 2012
Coloring the World
Do you feel this way about the diversity of students you teach? Are they colorful or disruptive in your eyes? Remember, our expectations make a difference!
Don't forget to vote in the poll to the right. What are your challenges related to the CCSS?
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Simply begin typing or use the editing tools above to add to this article.
Once you are finished and click submit, your modifications will be sent to our editors for review.
founding by Breasted
Through financial aid from John D. Rockefeller, Jr., Breasted organized the Oriental Institute (1919) at the University of Chicago. This institution became an internationally renowned centre for the study of ancient cultures in southwest Asia and the Middle East. Under his directorship, the institute undertook a number of important excavations, including one at Megiddo that uncovered a large...
...and Sir Alan H. Gardiner, and the Czech Egyptologist Jaroslav Černý conducted research that shaped the currently accepted outlines of Egyptian history. James Henry Breasted founded the Oriental Institute at the University of Chicago and pioneered American Egyptology with his survey of Egypt and Nubia (1895–96). He started the Epigraphic Survey in 1924 to make accurate copies...
What made you want to look up "Oriental Institute"? Please share what surprised you most...
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July 2, 2012
Christian farmers must react to the global economic crisis and the changes demanded to protect the environment by "cultivating a deep sense of responsibility, showing solidarity and sharing," Pope Benedict said.
"Appreciate the most noble and important aspects of the human person: the sense of duty, an ability to share and to sacrifice, solidarity, observing the proper need for rest and for physical and, especially, spiritual regeneration," the pope told delegates to a national conference of Italians who own or work on farms, ranches and commercial fisheries.
Families involved in agriculture traditionally have thrived on values the Church sees as necessary for a just and truly human life, he said.
The global economic crisis, "which is a moral crisis," demonstrates how much wider society needs to learn those same values, he said.
"I am thinking of respect for the dignity of the person, the search for the common good, honesty and transparency in running businesses, food security and safeguarding the environment and the countryside, and promoting the spirit of solidarity."
Currently rated by 0 people
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Rare arginine codon
Chen Ho An
chen at bsm.bioc.ucl.ac.uk
Fri Sep 11 08:17:46 EST 1998
Bryan L. Ford (bryan.ford at orst.edu) wrote:
: Tomer Tishgarten wrote:
: > Our lab is interested in overexpressing a gene in E. coli, but the
: > protein contains several arginines that translated from a rare codon. I
: > was wondering if anyone can suggest a person/company that can
: > provide/sell a vector which will compensate for this codon by
: > overproduction of the appropriate tRNA.
: This approach seems difficult since the imbalance of tRNA will likewise
: influence translation efficiency of the native E. coli genes.
A few papers have been published which showed that this can be done. For
example Hua et al Biochem Mol Biol Int (94) 32, 537-543 and there
are others. E.mail me if you want more reference and I see if I'll can dig
them up. I think you can get the argU gene from CGSC at Yale
You'll probably need to clone it into a plasmid with a single copy
number. From the experience of other people it would seem that it does
improve the expression but the cells grow much slower, may be as a result
of the disturbance to the change in tRNA composition, but more likely due
to the antibiotic (since there is only 1 copy of plasmid and therefore
possible lower resistence to the antibiotic).
: Let me ask if
: there is any reason that you cannot modify the rare codon into a
: preferred E. coli codon, using the quite straightforward (that is
: *easy*) methods of site-specific or site-directed mutagenesis? For
: example (using data for E. coli taken from the Codon Usage Database
: found online at http://www.dna.affrc.go.jp/~nakamura/codon.html ) we see
: that AGG is the rarest at 1.5 per thousand, and CGA is relatively rare
: at 3.6/k. Both can be changed into frequently used codons with single
: base changes, that is to AGC with a usage of 15.7/k and to CGC, which
: happens to have the highest usage of all six arginyl codons at 21.5/k.
This approach is useful if there is only a few rare codons close together
(actually you'll find that in most cases only AGA or AGG in tandem or in
cluster can have any serious effect on the level of expression), otherwise
you might need to do quite a few mutagenesis reaction to eliminate all the
rare codons. Other people approach this by synthesizing the whole gene,
but this is only practicable if the gene is relatively small and there are
far too many of these rare codons.
However there is one serious error in your post, AGG (arg) cannot be
change to AGC because AGC codes for serine. You'll also find that
different codon usage table give different result, depending on how the
sampling is done. I got one which give CGT as the commonest.
: Let me know if you need more information about about site-specific
: mutagenesis protocols.
More information about the Methods
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Python 2.0b1 is released!
nde at comp.leeds.ac.uk
Fri Sep 8 15:43:00 CEST 2000
On 07 Sep 2000 19:38:57 +0200, Bernhard Herzog <herzog at online.de> wrote:
> > >
> > > That's going too fast; first you need to call it by the name of a venomous
> > > snake...
> > >
> > I think "Asp" is already taken... <G>
> > Uh, and "Fer-de-lance" would choke command line parsers...
> Well, "Adder" would keep with the tradition of referring to comedy TV
> programs and it would even be related to computing.
The question is, can we find a succinct way of promoting this?
I know, how about
Adder: Python += 1
More information about the Python-list
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New River and Bluefield State Collaborate to Provide Baccalaureate Degree in Elementary Education
CreatedTuesday, June 12 2012
Created byJim Nelson/Media Relations - (304) 327-4103 email@example.com
(NRCTC) signed a Memorandum of Understanding for an Elementary Education Collaborative Program during a brief ceremony at the Erma Byrd Center in Raleigh County Dr. Ted Spring/President, NRCTC (seated, left), and Dr. Thomas Blevins/President, BSC (seated, right) signed the agreement, while (standing, left-to-right) Dr. Betsy Steenken/Interim Dean, BSC School of Education, Dr. Carolyn Sizemore, Dean/NRCTC Beckley campus, Dr. Lucie Refsland, Professor of Mathematics/NRCTC, Roger Griffith, Dean/NRCTC Greenbrier Valley campus and Dr. Harry R. Faulk, Executive Vice President and Chief Academic Officer/NRCTC observed the occasion.
(BECKLEY, W. VA.)— Bluefield State College (BSC) and New River Community and Technical College have signed a Memorandum of Understanding for an Elementary Education Collaborative Program. The agreement was signed by Dr. Tom Blevins, president of BSC, and Dr. Ted D. Spring, president of New River, on Monday, June 11, according to a joint announcement from the schools.
The agreement will provide New River students a seamless transfer into School of Education at Bluefield State and will allow them to complete their coursework for the bachelor's degree close to home.
"Bluefield State College and New River have a long history of cooperation in the interest of our students," Spring commented. This agreement underscores our continuing efforts to remove barriers for students seeking a high quality, low cost education in our region. New River graduates can transfer anywhere. This opportunity allows them to stay right here in southeastern West Virginia to continue their education."
Beginning with the fall semester of 2012, Bluefield State College will deliver one to four courses per semester, as needed, to students in the Collaborative Program on weekends, weekdays, or evenings via traditional on-site courses and/or distance learning technologies. New River will provide appropriate classrooms for delivery of these courses, if needed. BSC will deliver the program at New River's Greenbrier Valley Campus in Lewisburg and at the Public Higher Education Center in Beaver.
"Because West Virginia now has an active community college system, it is incumbent upon baccalaureate colleges to make reciprocity agreements with local community colleges and to expand their outreach," Blevins said. "We are very happy with the efforts of Dr. Lucie Refsland with New River and BSC, and Dr. Betsy Steenken, interim dean of the School of Education, BSC, and we believe that this agreement with New River Community and Technical College is the beginning of an excellent relationship. We hope to move forward with other program articulations in the near future."
Bluefield State College is a member institution of the West Virginia Higher Education Policy Commission and is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission of the North Central Association of Colleges and Schools.
New River Community and Technical College is a member institution of the Community and Technical College System of West Virginia and is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission of the North Central Association of Schools and Colleges. New River serves nine counties in southeast and south central West Virginia from locations in Beckley, Lewisburg, Ghent, Princeton and Summersville. Administrative offices are located in Beckley.
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This two-day conference brings together community and political leaders, public servants, and other key individuals to share ideas on encouraging diversity in Canada's policy process.
Acknowledging Canada’s diversity—such as a vibrant multiculturalism and efforts to make progress in gender and sexual orientation equality—is one thing, but how do we ensure that diversity influences the public policies that affect citizens? Roadmap 2030 is a two-day conference happening October 25 and 26 at the Bluma Appel salon in the Toronto Reference Library, presented by non-profit group Innoversity. There, attendees will share their experiences and practices to encourage diversity in the Canadian policy process.
If the Ethnic Aisle conversation held last month took a grassroots, ground-level approach, Roadmap 2030 is its top-down complement. The conference brings together key individuals like “community organizations, individuals and community leaders, political parties and politicians, public servants and thought leaders within the public service, and media” to cross-pollinate their “best practices, opportunities, and challenges,” says organizer Nikisha Reyes-Grange.
Reyes-Grange recalls the moment when she realized the need for greater diversity in civic engagement: “Two years ago, I was at a political event, and I looked around the room and realized that, including myself, there were a handful of folks from the visible minorities, disabilities, and Aboriginal communities, and I started questioning why.”
Driven to action, Reyes-Grange made her way to Ottawa to determine the potential barriers to inclusion, armed with questions such as, “How are communities being engaged?” and, “What is the level of diversity in terms of opinions, in terms of how policy is created, in terms of public debate and those influences that go into these major decisions, be it policies or programs?”
In Ottawa, Reyes-Grange says, to her “surprise and delight,” she received a positive reception to her actions. As a relative outsider to the world of policy development, Reyes-Grange was able to think about diversity and its effects on politics from a distance. She noted that, despite “various initiatives,” there was a gap between the initiatives and the final goal of injecting diverse voices into the conversation. “It wasn’t enough to actually bring diverse communities into public participation, into the public debate, and the policy development process,” she says.
From Reyes-Grange’s perspective, the activities that were already underway acted as good first steps, but what was missing was the connection between those steps to create a solid pathway. The next logical action was to bring the interested parties together. This gave birth to Roadmap 2030, which launched last year, and was attended by the likes of John Tory and the Maytree Foundation. This year’s speakers include former CBC News editor-in-chief and Al Jazeera chief strategic advisor Tony Burman, and former Toronto mayor Barbara Hall.
The focus will be on dialogue, with participants asking each other what are the key issues, challenges, and opportunities that increasing diversity presents. Cultivating diversity means bringing in voices that are underserved, such as looking at how to increase Aboriginal prosperity through the education system. At the same time, diversity can also reflect a change within the majority population—with an aging population, for example, accessibility will become a more pressing issue.
Reyes-Grange notes part of the drive behind Roadmap 2030 is asking how to prepare the next generation of young leaders for such a demographic shift. What are the “nuts and bolts” required to carry out what is being discussed, and what are the best practices for such action? In a related conversation, Roadmap 2030 will also look at the targeting of ethnic communities in political campaigns, says Reyes-Grange.
Roadmap 2030 attempts to answer big but necessary questions that Canada must answer if it is to evolve with its population. “Our country is changing and our values are changing,” says Reyes-Grange, “and we’re bumping up against some interesting issues that we didn’t in the past.” For example, she wonders, “How do we balance minority rights when they bump up against majority rights or majority values?” And not every shift will be necessarily beneficial: “Not all the changes will be great,” she concedes, “and we’ll have to toe the line. But we need to have the debates.”
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How Fiber May Help
Best known for its ability to help people stay regular, fiber has not been a high-priority nutrient for most Americans. The average American gets only about 13 grams of fiber every day. But there has long been a clear link between fiber and certain health benefits. In addition to preventing constipation, those benefits include lowering cholesterol and improving blood sugar levels for people with diabetes, and maybe even protecting against cancer. In 2008 the U.S. Department of Agriculture recommended that men ages 14 to 50 get 38 grams of fiber a day and after age 51 get 30 grams per day. Women ages 19 to 50 should get 25 grams of fiber a day, and 21 grams per day after age 51.
Fiber is often referred to as either soluble or insoluble. Soluble fiber absorbs water to form a gel. Soluble fibers are found in these foods.
Psyllium, which comes from the seed of a type of plantain
Insoluble fibers do not absorb water and are found mainly in whole grains and cereals. Although experts think it may be for different reasons, both soluble and insoluble fiber may offer protection against cancer.
One way fiber may affect cancer risk is based on the fact that people who eat more fiber produce more stools. Fiber may prevent colon cancer if the increased stool is absorbing or diluting cancer-causing material. This material is called carcinogenic. Insoluble fiber may help because it moves food through the body quicker. That may shorten the time it takes for these carcinogens to leave the body.
There is also another theory about how fiber may help. It focuses on what happens when bacteria found in the intestines break fiber down. The fiber ferments into products that may be protective to the colon. The fermentation of soluble fibers is thought to make the colon more acidic. The acidic nature helps it resist carcinogens.
How Much Do We Really Know?
One reason for the confusion over how much protection fiber offers is the challenge of accurately measuring fiber in people’s diets. There is no standard method to measure the various fibers in food. There is also no easy way to know how much fiber reaches the colon, where it can have anticancer effects. In studies that focus on fiber, people are often given food questionnaires to record how much fiber they eat. The questionnaires differ. That can produce different findings.
Katherine Tucker, PhD, is director of the Dietary Assessment Research Program at the USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging in Boston. Tucker explains, “A survey may ask how much white bread and dark bread one eats. But people could translate ‘dark’ bread as pumpernickel or rye--which, because of the color, may look high in fiber but is actually made from mostly refined white flour.”
Tucker says that the amount of fiber in assorted breads can vary so much that a less-detailed survey could produce flawed results--especially if many other fiber-rich foods are also not listed on the survey.
In addition, some studies ask people to remember how much fiber they ate in the past--sometimes as many as 10 to 20 years ago. These are details that are not easy to remember and not always guaranteed to be correct.
Tucker says that using surveys with more detailed questions about fiber-rich foods can improve accuracy. She adds that researchers should also include a larger number of people with high-fiber intakes to better gauge an effect on colon cancer, if there is one.
Another way to research the effects of fiber is to compare people in different countries. Such comparisons seem to indicate that those who eat more fruits, vegetables, and grains have the lowest rates of colon cancer. In the 1970s, observational studies by researcher David Burkitt found that colon cancer was rare in African nations. He also saw that the African diet was rich in fiber and low in refined carbohydrates, such as sugar.
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The Harbrows, Harboroughs,
Harbers or whichever way you wish to spell the
name, have lived in the South of England for centuries. Indeed, the
earliest listing according to County records for Sussex
is for a male christening on 15
March 1548 at Horsham for a Gaynsford
Abarow, child of Wylim
and Alys Abarow.
Whats that got to do with you, a Harbro of today? Well, in those years, many people
could neither read nor write and most would sign their own name wit an
X. When it came time for a christening or some other event, the
officiating Minister would ask the name from in this case, Serf Harbrow, and then record it as he heard it.
This is the family history of the Harbrows in Australia
and of those who chose to go onward to New
Zealand. We start the story with
William Ambrose Harber and Jane Bone back in the
old country. In Sussex,
Surrey and Kent
in fact, where the family moved from farm to farm as itinerant workers,
picking hops, peas, and other crops. It was the time of the industrial
revolution that took place in Britain
between 1760 and 1840. There were many changes on the farm in the way
of mechanization as the steam engine took over. So jobs were getting
fewer as machines like traction engines and threshers came onto the
farm. And although this was a period of great prosperity for Britain,
the riches did not filter down to lower classes who suffered poverty and
misery, long working hours for low wages and exploitation of child labour. There were also ongoing troubles over in Ireland
and Napoleon was kicking up his heals in France.
This however, was a long way from the Harbers who
did their rounds every year on the farms in the Southern Counties.
We do get a mention in Burkes landed Gentry of Ireland :
1958 Edition, which states on Page 475 that Mary, the third daughter of Francis
Mansergh, married William Harbrow
of Warren Park, Melbourne.
Now Francis was a brother of 'Peter of Melbourne' (born 1805) who emigrated to Australia
in 1840, after relinquishing his position and inheritance. We'll close
that closet right now. So much for fame and fortune.
A Harbrow family crest shown below,
was provided by Jocelyn Harbrough-Brenton in Australia.
The motto on the crest is in Latin and reads Hostis
meaning "Jealousy is an Enemy of Honour".
How it came about, I cannot say.
Harbrow Family Crest
Our story then starts with Ambrose and Jane in the early 1800's in the fields
of Sussex, or
Susfex as it was spelt in those times. There
is no fame and fortune in farm labouring, just hard
work. Nevertheless, it was an essential occupation in
those days - for both men and women and of course any children in the
family who could carry. But it was a good healthy life away from the
cities where poverty and disease sometimes ran rife. One of the
landowners in the area at this time, was one Henry Dendy, who we will come across again later in the story.
Sussex County is located in the South of England and covers 1,457 square
miles. It is bounded by Surrey, Kent and Hampshire. To the South
is the English Channel and the County is traversed East to West by the South
Downs. Agriculture was and still is, the predominant activity with
cornfields, hop gardens and orchards of apples, pears and cherries
abounding. In the height of summer, families moved from farm to farm
picking hops, hay making, picking fruit and undertaking various other
tasks. When the work ran out, the labourers
moved over the border to Kent pea picking, or to Surrey harvesting cerials and vegetables. The Harbers
as their names were spelt then, were seasonal workers of this kind and moved
from place to place as the records show. There are births and marriages
recorded at Worth, Hartfield and Withyham, all in Sussex, and also at Westerham
in Kent, although the family lived mostly in the Parish of Withyham and latterly in Withyham
St. John, close to Crowborough.
Ambrose Harber was born around 1790 and at 19 he
was developing into a fine young man. The summer sun had tanned his
skin and his muscles, well developed from years of farm work, flexed as he
forked over the hay. Sweat dripped down his forehead and trickled down
his back. Small pieces of hay clung to his skin. Like his father
before him and his grandfather, he had been raised to the life as a farm labourer, but changes were on the way. The
agricultural revolution in England was starting to change farming but, as
yet, few farms in Sussex had invested money in the new machinery. The
women and children also worked in the fields. Today, it was standing
and tying the hay to dry. Children gathered the bundles together and
held them while their Mothers looped the twine around them. Smaller
children played together at one side of the field, overseen by one of the
older women. Temporary lodgings was provided
by the farmer. In some cases families would have to bunk down together
in a dormitory although on some farms, small cottages were available to
family groups at a nominal rent. The wages were not high by any
means. Farmers paid taxes on their land and this was the period of the
windows tax, where the government squeezed from the population 8 shillings
for each house with 6 windows or less, 1 pound for 7 windows, and so
on. Some landowners had registered their defiance by bricking up the
windows, making the cottaged quite dark inside.
In the early 1800's, the Church still played a large part in everyone's
life. Church rates were compulsory and attendance on Sundays was a
requirement. Those who didn't comply risked not only their soul being
cast into the depths of hell, but also being brought before the Magistrate to
be fined. De facto relationships were reluctantly accepted by the
Church while the couples were below the legal age for marriage, but social
pressure was often the catylist for the wedding to
take place once the couple were eligible. It
was usually the age of the male that determined when a couple could be
married. It would have been while Ambrose was working on a farm, near
Worth, that he met Jane Bone. Jane's parents were also country folk but
they had found regular work and did not move around like the Harbers. Jane was 18 when she and Ambrose were
married. The wedding took place at Worth on 26 October 1810, in the
Autumn, after the seasons work had been completed. The records show
Jane's birth at Worth on 22 July 1792 to William and Mary Bone, but no
earlier records for Ambrose can be found, although his year of birth is shown
on the www.theweald.org website as c. 1785 (about 1785).
Crowborough Hill 1838
This was the time of the Napoleonic wars in Europe
when all the talk in England
was of the triumphs of the Duke of Wellington over the French. Seven
children were born to the couple over a twenty year period and, eventually,
they found themselves a permanent home near Withyham
from where Ambrose and their children, as they got older, could scout around
for work. Their children were:
Hester b. 5 May 1811, Worth,
William b. 13 March 1814, Balcombe, Sussex (registered at Worth), m.
Elizabeth Tester 12 October 1890.
Emigrated to Australia 1842
b. 1818, Westerham, Kent (m. Ellen Shepherd)
Link here with excel
file for Allen Family Tree
Ezekiel b. 29 April
1821, Banstead, Surrey (m. Elizabeth Walters 9 Feb 1842)
Emigrated to Australia
b. 1822, Sussex (m. Ann Chapman) Emigrated
before 1854. d. 1879
Link here with excel
file for James Family Tree
Mary b. 27
May 1824, Banstead, Surrey
m. Thomas Pilbean?
b. 1830, Withyham, Sussex. (m. Laura Bell)
Emigrated to Australia after 1851 d. 1894 Brighton, Australia
There was a County Census taken in 1838 including Crowborough
Town and it showed Jane Harboro, Head of house, Widowed,
belonging to Withyham Parish with 4 of her children
- Child un-named, James, Mary and Stephen. Children's ages were shown
as 5 year age groupings like 1820 - 25. There was a comment to the
effect that Jane 'Lives in one of the Parish houses having a small sussistence from the relieving officer.
On 7 June 1841, England's first national Census was taken. That Census
showed Jane Harbor'o and three of her children
living at St Johns near Crowborough. The
District under which the family was recorded was described as 'All that part
of the Parish of Withyham called Crowborough and which lies to the South of the stream
running from Crooks Corner to the Crowborough
Mile's Stream, the remainder of the boundary formed by the fence surrounding
and including Crowborough Warren'. It should
be noted that ages in the 1841 Census were sometimes rounded to 5 year
lots. The 1841 Census listings produced the following details:
born in Sussex
8 Agric. Lab.
An old house in Forest Grove, Crowborough
of that period
In the Census of 1851, the ages were recorded more
accurately. Allen and his family and Stephen, his brother
were living at 7 Forest Grove while Jane, now
shown as a widow, was living at 4 St. Johns,
the Church Alms house - shown below. The Alms house was situated next
to Withyham St. Johns Church and housed pensioners.
Details recorded in 1851 were:
4 St. Johns House
62 Pensioner in Alms b. Sufsex,
7 Forest Grove
Head Married 33
Agr. Lab. b. Kent, Westerham
b. Sufsex, Hartfield
b. Sufsex, Withyham
Lab. b. Sufsex, Withyham
Actual details on Allen Harbrough and family are:
Harbrough Allen b. 1818 Westerham, Kent m. Ellen Shepherd - 3
- Mary b. 1849 Hartfield, Sussex
- Ezekiel b. 1850 Withyham, Sussex
- Edwin Allan b. 1860 d. 1 Apr 1886 Little Bay, Sydney m. Mary Ann Fullalow - 6 children
- Martha b. Sydney
- Allen b. Sydney
- William b. Sydney
- Sydney M b. 1886
- plus 1 male and 1 female (shown on one of the regn
Link here with file
for Allen Family
Johns Church was
built in 1839 and is located on an outlying part of the Withyham
Parish, nearly in Crowborough, in Forest
Grove. The Church is pictured below.
James Harbrow married Ann Chapman and emigrated
and raised his family in Melbourne.
d. 1879 Their children, some of whom died quite young, were:
1851 Victoria. m. Thomas Dunkley 1869 Brighton.
(2 children) d. 1937 Heatherton.
Harriet b. 1854 Brighton,
Australia m. Charles
Board 1874 (8 children)
b. 1855 Brighton, Australia
b. 1856 Brighton, Australia
1859 m. James Burton Terry
1878. (5 children) d. 1925
Catherine b. 1861 m. Thomas Richard Marriott 1881 Brighton.
Alice b. 1862 d.
Alfred b. 1864 m. Ann McConnell 1898. d. 1935 Abbortsford
Link here with file
for James Family Tree
Stephen Harbrow emigrated
after the 1851 Census. He married Laura Bell and they had one child
Emily Francis b. 1871 d. 1946 Oakleigh
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22 March to 9 June 2013
Advance purchase is recommended
<exchanging gazes> 5: Interior Scenes. Women and Daily Life.
New Display of the Collections
From 26 February to 10 June 2013
Sweerts was a portraitist and painter of allegorical and genre scenes whose particular style makes him a unique figure within 17th-century Flemish painting. Little is known of his activities before he moved to Rome where he was active as a painter between 1646 and 1656. Sweerts is documented as attending the Accademia di San Luca in a non-official capacity. During this period he painted scenes set in the city of Rome in a manner comparable to many of the numerous other northern painters working in the city at that time. Also dating from this period is a series of canvases on the activities and training of painters in their studios, attending classes or working from live models. Study of a Painter (Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam) and The Studio (Detroit Institute of Arts) are examples of works of this type, which reveal Sweerts’ interest in nature and in classical sculpture, also manifested in the fragments of classical sculpture depicted in many of his paintings. In 1656 Sweerts was in Brussels where he opened a school for drawing and where he is registered in the painters’ guild in 1659. That same year he published a series of engravings, primarily portraits, intended as examples to be used as teaching aids. His presence in Amsterdam is documented in 1661, from where he embarked for the East with a group of missionaries. His difficult character and undisciplined nature obliged him to leave the expedition. At this point Sweerts travelled from Isfahan in Persia to Goa, where the archives of the Societé des Missions Etrangères record his death in 1664
Sweerts’. work is characterised by his distinctive use of silvery tones, and stands out from that of the other northern painters working in Italy at this time due to his use of colour, applied in a balanced, harmonious manner that creates a sense of lyricism. Notable works by the artist include Plague in an Ancient City, which reveals the influence of Nicholas Poussin, his portraits of young boys, whose treatment of light brings them close to the greatest Dutch 17th-century painters, and his cycle of the Acts of Mercy, now divided between various museums and private collections.
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Is your child waking up in the middle of the night frightened and screaming? These unsettling sounds may cause alarm, especially when they occur frequently. I’d like to help you understand the difference between nightmares and night terrors and how to help your child cope in my two-part series, “Bad Dream Woes.” Karen Rogers, PhD, Psychologist and Program Area Leader for Project HEAL, a comprehensive therapeutic service for children exposed to trauma and their families at Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, to provide insight on how you can help your child.
What is a Nightmare?
Nightmare is another word for “bad dream.” It’s a type of sleep disruption characterized by frightening dreams in which your child feels threatened and develops a sense of physical danger. An example would be dreaming of being chased by a stranger or monster. Nightmares more commonly to occur in the early morning and happen during the dream phase of sleep, known as rapid eye movement (REM) sleep.
|Nightmares are a common experience for people
of all ages, and are normal for children to have.
Nightmares are most common in preschoolers (children aged 3-6 years of age). This is the age when normal fears develop and a child’s imagination is very active. Nightmares may involve disturbing themes, images or figures such as monsters, ghosts, animals or bad people. While this intense sense of fear ultimately causes your child to wake up on their own, it does not involve any physical danger.
The following behaviors are usually present in a normal nightmare episode:
- Your child wakes up during the last cycle of their sleep or early morning.
- Your child is frightened and triggers a partial or full awakening in which they are fully alert.
- Your child can describe the frightening dream in detail.
- Your child seeks and responds to comfort and reassurance from you or other close relatives.
- Your child shows fear of the scary dream happening again and may resist returning to bed.
What Triggers a Nightmare?
If your child is stressed or exposed to stressful situations, nightmares may begin to occur. Some stressful events include moving neighborhoods, changing schools, the birth of a sibling or parental marital problems. Other triggers may include being bullied at school or online, watching a scary movie, a recent injury or illness, the death of a loved one or physical, verbal or sexual abuse.
Help Your Child Keep Nightmares Away
When your child has an increase in nightmares, it’s a sign they are under emotional distress, feeling overwhelmed and insecure. Karen Rogers, PhD, emphasizes a number of simple ways to help your child feel better when they
|“Children of all ages will benefit from physical comfort and reassurance from their caregivers when frightened by a nightmare, such as hugs, being held, having a back rub. Speaking to a child in a soft, calm voice and reminding them that you are there to protect them, they are safe, that dreams aren’t real can also be helpful.”|
Creative Ways to Ward-off Nightmares
Rogers explains that once a child participates in imaginary play, they become better at using their imagination to combat nightmares. Here are some unique ways to keep nightmares at bay.
- Use “Monster Spray.” Label a spray bottle and fill with tap water. Spray around your child’s room for protection before bed time.
- Hang a warning sign on your child’s bedroom door, “No Monsters Allowed!” This can be enough to calm some fears for many children.
- Make a “dream catcher” together.
- Your child can choose a “protective” stuffed animal to sleep with.
- Help your child imagine a different and comforting ending to their nightmare.
- Rehearse the new ending before your child goes to bed so they know to use the comforting ending if the nightmare comes back.
If your child comes-up with their own creative way to keep nightmares away, it’s usually the most successful.
These simple strategies have worked for many children. If your child is constantly having nightmares and shows an ongoing fear of going to bed, Rogers stresses speaking with a pediatrician or counselor to seek more support.
What are some ways you’ve helped your child cope with nightmares? I’d love to hear what works for your
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FLORIDA MUSEUM OF HISPANIC AND LATIN AMERICAN ART
arte + arte
Exhibition: November 6- 28, 1998
««« ARTE + ARTE »»»
Xavier Cortada was recently awarded the Grand Prize "Best of Show" Award at the Arte + Arte group exhibit at the Florida Museum of Hispanic and Latin American Art in Coral Gables.
Cortada's painting, Comunión en la Plaza (acrylic on canvas, 53" x 86", 1998) was chosen among the works exhibited at the museum during November 1998 by 27 artists from across the Hemisphere. The painting, which was recently used as a poster for a University of Miami conference on Cuba, was inspired by Cortada's 8 hour visit to Havana on January 25, 1998 for the Pope's Mass in the Plaza of the Revolution.
The Florida Museum of Hispanic and Latin American Art's "Arte + Arte" exhibit opening reception was on Friday, November 1st, 1998 from 6 to 10 p.m.
FLORIDA MUSEUM OF HISPANIC AND LATIN AMERICAN ART 4006 Aurora Street Coral Gables, FL 33146 Tel: 305-444-7060 Fax: 305-261-6996
Museum Director: Raul Oyuela
The museum is located a few yards south from the corner of Bird Road (SW 40th Street) and Aurora Street (one block west of Ponce de Leon Boulevard).
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A new report from the Congressional Joint Economic Committee this week sheds some light on the increase in intellectual property theft in recent years and underscores the damage it’s doing to businesses all across the US economy.
Noting the many negative consequences of intellectual property theft on American industries, the report summarizes that, “Foreign infringement of intellectual property harms businesses by raising their costs, lowering revenue, and eroding profits.”
As an organization whose mission is to advance the business and the art of filmmaking – an intellectual property-intensive industry by nature – we’re obviously troubled by this ongoing problem. And it’s only gotten worse over the last decade.
Investigations of domestic intellectual property theft emanating from foreign countries have increased in eight of the last ten years, according to the report. And the increase in theft is more pronounced when you look at the hard numbers – in 2002, there were only 17 cases but in 2011, 69 investigations were brought.
With almost 20 percent of American jobs in 2010 coming from industries that are IP-intensive, it’s not hard to imagine the widespread negative impact of intellectual property theft. What is more, these industries accounted for more than a third of the nation’s gross domestic product (GDP) in 2010, one of the most significant measures of a country’s economic health and growth.
And the effect on companies’ bottom lines is huge. The report cited one estimate that “the average company lost $101.9 million in revenues and incurred costs of $1.4 million” to identify and enforce intellectual property rights, “leading to an average decline in profits of $46.3 million.”
Perhaps most importantly, the report states that protecting intellectual property “is critical to ensuring that firms pursue innovation.” It’s hard to think of a more urgent reason to work to stem this endemic problem.
Whether it’s the software design for a new smartphone, a lifesaving drug, or the next great American film, this report underscores how critical it is that we identify solutions that will protect the intellectual property of our country’s creators and innovators.
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“I ‘Heart’ Boobies,” “Pink Pony Charity Event,” “I like it on the _____,” KFC’s “Buckets for the Cure.” These are just a few of the slogans and campaigns that are trying to raise awareness of breast cancer during this year’s Breast Cancer Awareness month. Many journalists and activists have already issued pointed critiques of such efforts. Some, especially the organization Think Before You Pink, have examined whether money raised by breast cancer charity events contributes to the cause in a meaningful way. Others have questioned the value of continuing to urge women to undergo mammograms when the scientific literature is beginning to reevaluate the cost-benefit analysis of this approach.
In addition to looking critically at the financial and scientific underpinnings of the modern breast cancer movement, it is also important to recognize that these campaigns contain numerous narratives – narratives not just of illness, but of gender and sexuality, too. Deciphering just what these cultural narratives are telling us matters because it is largely through these narratives that we come to know what breast cancer means.
The products and events that are used to raise money for breast cancer often have as much to do with traditional femininity as they do with women’s health. As I walked down Main Street in my small town this weekend, I was especially struck by posters in half a dozen shop windows for a “Stiletto Stampede” – a breast cancer walk in which participants wear their favorite high heels – geared toward raising funds for breast cancer. Similarly, while I was stocking up my kitchen this summer, I was overwhelmed by the array of kitchen products – electric mixers, food processors, hot mitts galore – that are sold in pink to raise money for breast cancer.
The breast cancer movement was initially a staunchly feminist movement. As such, it was not only concerned with women’s health per se but also with conceptions of gender and sexual politics at large. The early movement challenged the medical institution’s objectifying and patriarchal lens and insisted that doctors listen to women’s voices about their own bodies.
The “Stiletto Stampede” and pink Kitchen Aid mixers hardly evoke that feminist zeal. Rather than confronting women’s health issues by critically assessing women’s position within a gendered world and examining the social determinants of health, such events and products seem to reinforce problematic stereotypes of and expectations for women. While perhaps raising money for breast cancer research and educating women about the risk of breast cancer – claims which need to be examined themselves – they do so at a cost: in such campaigns, participation in women’s health activism is paradoxically positioned alongside the symbols of unattainable beauty and the burden of domestic duties that have all too often held women back, both personally and politically.
Breast cancer campaigns can additionally reinforce the state of childlike dependence women have had to push back against in their struggles to become full citizens. I am inclined to believe that efforts of groups promoting breast cancer awareness are well intentioned. Yet despite the good intentions and the potential funds raised for breast cancer research, the gendered scripts that underpin such campaigns are arguably not beneficial to women.
For example, the firefighters of the small city where I grew up were recently photographed for our local newspaper in pink tee shirts with the aim of raising awareness about breast cancer. The emotional currency of such a campaign hinges on the image of these strapping men coming to the rescue – that is their profession, after all – of women in need.
Breast cancer is in many ways a convenient cause for groups such as these firefighters to champion. It “provides a way of doing something for women, without being feminist,” said Cindy Pearson, director of the National Women’s Health Network, quoted in Barbara Ehrenreich’s iconic piece, “Welcome to Cancerland.”
While the firefighters’ campaign may raise money for breast cancer and serve as a source of strength for those personally affected by the disease – two undoubtedly important aims – it does so without needing consider the ways in which the social environments in which men play a huge rule can negatively impact women’s health and well-being. Were these men to raise awareness about domestic violence or sexually transmitted diseases – which perhaps they do during other months of the year – they would need to reckon more directly with relations between men and women.
Perhaps even more problematic than the relentless stream of stereotypically feminine products sold in pink for breast cancer and the paternalistic subtexts of many breast cancer campaigns is the tendency of certain segments of today’s breast cancer movement to reveal a disturbing fascination with women’s breasts and sex lives. One of the most egregious examples of this is a breast cancer awareness campaign proposed for high schools across the U.S. that features bracelets with the phrase ‘I ♥ Boobies’. Rather than promote meaningful breast cancer education – whatever that would be for such young girls – these tantalizing bracelets, provided by an organization called the Keep a Breast Foundation, fixate on women’s breasts as sexy objects rather than promote women’s health and well-being. Even if such a breast cancer campaign did raise millions of dollars for breast cancer research, is it excusable to objectify and sexualize women in the name of women’s health?
Along similar lines, a particularly troubling Facebook meme is spreading across the Internet on women’s Facebook profiles as yet another flashy attempt to raise awareness about breast cancer. They are writing “I like it on ____,” inserting a place in the space, for example, “I like it on the table.” You think they are referring to sex, do you? Get your mind out of the gutter! The “it” refers to their purses. I had noticed the proliferation of these Facebook statuses over the past few weeks, but until I read an article on the trend, I was completely in the dark as to their purpose. Rather than compelling other women to receive their yearly breast exam, I suspect these posts simply got a lot of people – most especially men – thinking about these women having sex.
My critiques of these numerous breast cancer campaigns might suggest that I am not concerned about breast cancer, that I do not appreciate the good intentions of those trying to raise awareness about women’s health and to support women with breast cancer, or that I am too uptight to find the humor in playful sexual banter. None of these assertions is true, however.
Rather, what concerns me are the ways in which our social world, including the ways we talk about sex and structure gender norms, can become mixed up with public health and health activism efforts. In discussing so many health issues, ranging from obesity to end-of-life care, we use health as a justification for talking or not talking about certain delicate subjects. In this case, problematic ideas about women’s sexuality and femininity are wrapped up in efforts to actually help women. And when problematic gender expectations are integrated into campaigns to raise money for or awareness of women’s health, those problematic gender expectations are all too often excused, ignored, or simply unnoticed.
But even if we excuse, ignore, or miss them all together, cultural narratives are part and parcel of health activism. In some cases, such narratives can be empowering and can play a key role in changing social relations and personal behavior. We ought to recognize that breast cancer awareness month is not only a month for raising money for breast cancer research and encouraging women to get mammograms. It is also a time to shape the sorts of narratives we tell about breast cancer and women. Breast cancer awareness campaigns might then better serve women if they could resist narratives of women as merely sexualized, dependent, and frivolous.
Colleen Farrell is a research assistant at The Hastings Center.
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Books Available through Venezuelanalysis.com
Venezuela Speaks!: Voices from the Grassroots by Carlos Martinez, Michael Fox, and Jojo Farrell (January 2010, PM Press)
Venezuela Speaks!: Voices from the Grassrootsis a collection of interviews with activists and participants from across Venezuela’s social movements. From community media to land reform; cooperatives to communal councils, from the labor movement to the Afro-Venezuelan network, Venezuela Speaks! sheds light on the complex realities within the Bolivarian Revolution. These interviews offer a compelling oral history of Venezuela's democratic revolution, from the bottom up. http://venezuelaspeaks.com/
Changing Venezuela by Taking Power: The Policies of the Chavez Presidency by Gregory Wilpert (September 2007, Verso Books)
“This fascinating study—deeply informed, penetrating in its analysis, comprehensive in scope—explores the historical and socioeconomic roots of the Venezuelan initiatives of recent years, the conflicts they have engendered, the achievements and pitfalls, the animating ideals of a genuinely participatory society, and the prospects for realizing them in ways that, if successful, might have significant impact not only for Latin America but well beyond.” — Noam Chomsky
Venezuela's Second Bolivarian Revolution: The History of the Chavez Presidency, by Gregory Wilpert (to come, October, 2007) (purchase at Lulu.com)
An analysis of the history of the Chavez presidency, 1999-2006. How and why Chavez became president and his confrontations with the opposition. Companion book to Changing Venezuela by Taking Power: The Policies of the Chavez Presidency (September 2007, Verso Books)
Venezuela's Bolivarian Process: Best of Venezuelanalysis.com, edited by Gregory Wilpert (purchase at Lulu.com)
A compilation of the one to four best articles from each of Venezuelanalysis.com's thematic sections: The Bolivarian Project, International Relations, Economy, Constitution & Law, Labor, Opposition, Military, Indigenous and African Venezuelans, Environment, Rural and Urban Land Reform, Mass Media, Civil Society and Social Movements, and Social Programs. $15.50 print edition, $4.95 e-book edition
Social analyst and journalist Marta Harnecker interviewed nine military officers who were instrumental in bringing Chavez back to office, following the April 2002 coup attempt. She asks about their politics and political formation, to find out what makes Venezuela's military different from the armed forces of other Latin American countries.
Coup Against Chavez in Venezuela: The Best International Reports of What Really Happened in April 2002, edited by Gregory Wilpert (PDF file, 350kb, Acrobat Reader required)
A compilation of articles written by various analysts and journalists shortly before, during, and shortly after the April 2002 coup attempt, which present a more accurate picture of what happened those days than what was printed in most of the mainstream media.
Constitution of the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, by the Venezuelan People
The Constitution of the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela (unofficial English translation)
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Members of Cyanika Cross Border cooperative (former smugglers) in Cyanika sector in Burera district have said they changed to legal trading after realizing smuggling negatively affects them and their country.
This was revealed on January 18th 2013 during the event to officially start Cyanika cross-border cooperative in Cyanika sector in Burera district.
The cooperative is made of 65 members, men and women who used to smuggle goods from Uganda into Rwanda.
“We thought about our country and the recent foreign aid freeze. When we realized it’s useless to make Rwanda incur losses, we took immediate action and quit smuggling,” narrates Odette Muhabwazina, head of Cyanika cross-border cooperative.
During this illegal trade, women became victims of rape, unwanted pregnancies and HIV/AIDS which resulted into broken marriages to some of them, she laments.
Members of Cyanika Cross-Border cooperative confess that smuggling brought nothing to them but heavy losses especially when they could encounter anti-smuggling officials in illegal shortcuts.
Cooperative members decided to work with Rwanda Revenue Authority (RRA), sector administration and security authorities in fighting against smuggling.
Cyanika Cross-Border cooperative members contributed Rwf120000 into Agaciro Development Fund as a way of developing Rwanda.
Fabien Narayibonye, RRA representative in Northern Province thanks former smugglers for accepting to change and carry out business transparently.
RRA representative adds that they will continue to support this cooperative and help them sensitize other traders on dangers of smuggling.
‘PRO-FEMMES Twese Hamwe’ (women’s organization) promised support to Cyanika Cross Border cooperative so that members develop.
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Copyright Infringement by Nigeria varsity Students; the authors' enigma
John Ruskin, an art critic and a social thinker, once said “a book worth reading is a book worth buying”. However, this age-long quote seems to be taking a new turn as students have persistently jettisoned the tradition of buying books in place of reproducing authors books by the means of a photocopying the book. This reproduction, as harmless as it might disguise itself, is a punishable offence upon a competent court of law under an offence known as copyright infringement and a cankerworm that feeds on the expected income of the authors.
Copyright is an exclusive right granted to authors and owners (writers, artists, music composers, etc.) on their creations. Such creations are usually described as “works”. Copyright is granted in the form of a monopoly to authors (writers, artists, music composers, etc.) on their creations. Copyright Protection is provided for under the Copyrights Act, LFN 2004, and is administered by the Nigerian Copyright Commission.
Copyright contributes to human creativity by giving creators incentives including recognition and economic rewards. A creator is assured that his/her works can be disseminated without fear of unauthorized copying or piracy. This in turn helps increase access to the works and enhances the enjoyment of culture, technology, knowledge, and entertainment all over the world.
As some students claim, necessity prompted this innovation and the soaring cost of the book by lecturer authors is not an alluring reason in buying this book.
According to Oyesanya Olawale, a final year student of Business Administration Faculty of the university of lagos,
“Photocopying is cheaper. People engage in photocopying lecturers books due to financial reasons”.
He also added that the photocopying of lecturers-author books dampens the spirit of the lecturers in writing subsequent books since the business is not profitable.
He said “It discourages lecturers in writing more books and prevents them in further engaging in researches because they don’t get the required financial reward. And without beng motivated by the interest which is expected from publishing their intellectual work they would desist from making more academic breakthrough”.
Also, Emmanuel Udeh, a 300 level student of history and strategic studies department also agreed that the wholesome reproduction of a lecturer-author’s book could deal the lecturer a devastating blow to his financial and intellectual efforts.
He said ‘’It depends If the lecturer was actually the author. Then he will be affected him negatively in the sense that all his efforts to ensure the book sees the light of the day would amount to nothing’’.
Rotimi Akinola, a 300 level student of Mass Communication, identified the cost of the books in contrast to the content delivered as a major reason students don’t buy the book but instead opt for the photocopied version.
He explained “The first reason people photocopy textbooks is that the textbooks are too expensive compared to the quality of the content of the book. Some of these textbooks aren’t book of great wealth of knowledge to students,’’
He continued ‘’these textbooks ought to be the store house of knowledge and not recycled document that captures what has been said by various authors. Even if it is agreeable they(authors) don’t end up making their money, they should not make a textbook that would be universally versatile and not for the university environ
He concluded.’’ We need something new’’.
Mr. Wale Akinsinde, who plies his photocopying trade in Mass Communication Department, observed that, though it had become a growing trend, he seldom engaged in making such photocopies, while also noting that the bulk of his income came from the handout and materials he photocopies.
He said ‘’I rarely make photocopy lecturers textbooks. I am more comfortable making photocopies of materials and handout since I derive virtually all my income from,”
He however blamed the economic chaos in country as the fundamental problem as well as admonishing students to desist from the act.
He said “It is not good that the students are photocopying this book but the economic situation in the country is the basic cause of this controversy. This act kills people knowledge and the author would not make money from it. It is not ideal.”
Under Section 15 of the Copyright Act, copyright is infringed by any person who, without the licence or authorisation of the copyright owner distributes by way of trade, offers for sale, hire or otherwise or for any purpose prejudicial to the copyright owner any article in respect of which copyright is infringed.
When asked about this law, Mr Wale confessed he was oblivious of the act but was certain that photocopying someone else intellectual property is morally unacceptable.
Works covered by copyright include, but are not limited to, literary works such as novels, poems and plays; reference works such as encyclopedias and dictionaries; databases; software and computer programs; newspaper articles; films and TV programs; musical compositions; choreography; artistic works such as paintings, drawings, photographs and sculptures; architectural drawings and plans; and advertisements, maps and technical drawings.
Copyright, it is often said, does not extend to ideas, but only to the expression of these ideas. For example, the idea of taking a picture of a sunset is not protected by copyright. Therefore, anyone may take such a picture. But a particular picture of a sunset taken by a photographer may be protected by copyright. In such a case, if someone else makes copies of the photograph, and starts selling them without the consent of the photographer, that person would be violating the photographer’s rights.
Copyright protection in Nigeria is obtained automatically without any need for registration or other formality. A work enjoys protection by copyright as soon as it is created provided that it is sufficiently original and is fixed in a definite medium for example, a book, cd, tape, etc
Speaking with Dr. Adepoju Tejumaiye, a lecturer in the department of Mass Communication and the author of Communication Research, decried the trend and was totally against idea.
He lamented ‘’For goodness sake why should they photocopy the textbooks since they can buy it? If you make photocopy of textbooks you are destroying scholarship. I agree to photocopying books you can’t find like the foreign books which is also wrong but books you can find shouldn’t be photocopied. Photocopying of these textbooks is a violation of the author’s right.’’
He pressed further ‘’People hide under the guise of fair use principle but this principle applies to students photocopying only a part or chapters of the book not the whole book’’.
A limitation and exception to the exclusive right granted by copyright law to the author of a creative work is the principle of Fair use. In United States copyright law, fair use is a doctrine that permits limited use of copyrighted material without acquiring permission from the rights holders. Examples of fair use include commentary, criticism, news reporting, research, teaching, library archiving and scholarship. It provides for the legal, unlicensed citation or incorporation of copyrighted material in another author's work under a four-factor balancing test.
Dr. Tejumaiyed dismissed suggestions that students can’t purchase the book due to the economic instability in the country citing their colorful lifestyle as depicting otherwise.
He said ‘’why can’t they afford the books when they can afford to buy recharge cards and exotic phones and live flamboyant life;’’
He threatened that if he catches any student engaging in such act, he would ensure the student is rusticated “I would pursue the case to a reasonable conclusion if any student is caught photocopying my textbook’’, he assured.
Mr Lekan Otufodunrin, the on-line editor of The Nation newspaper and the author of A Purpose-Driven Journalism shared his fellow lecturer sentiment by discrediting the act.
He said ‘’It is a violation of the author copyright. It is only in Nigeria we engage in mass photocopying. Only chapters should be photocopied not the whole book. Buying these books would encourage lecturers to write books,’’
He implored lecturers not to coerce the students to buying their books if they couldn’t afford it as the same time urging students to seek permission before reproducing the lecturers’ intellectual property.
He said, ‘‘Lecturers should not force students to buy books also students should photocopy with permission’.
Furthermore, Mr.Taiwo, a lecturer in Mass Communication department in one of his Book Publishing class noted that few publishers invested in University textbooks because the sector lacks the mass market which accounts for the scarcity of University texts in Nigeria and the overreliance of photocopy of the few available copies left has not, in any way, helped the sector,
He advised the government to ‘‘give incentives to the publishers to make their investment profitable’’.
Copyright has a time limit: it usually lasts for the life of the author and 50 years after the death of the author. This rule, which is shared by the majority of countries, has been established by the Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works. Once the term has expired, the work is in the “public domain”. Thereafter, everybody will be free to use the work, without obtaining a specific authorization from the copyright owner.
The Copyright Act 1988 sets out the law relating to the protection, transfer, remedies and penalties for infringement of copyright in Nigeria. The Copyright Act provides for the protection of the property rights of literary, musical and artistic works, cinematograph films, sound recordings and broadcasts.
The Nigerian Copyright Council is the statutory body charged with the administration of all copyright matters in Nigeria. The council runs seminars and workshops to educate the general public and authors on copyright. Its functions include regulating conditions for the conclusion of bilateral and multilateral agreements between Nigeria and other countries, and maintaining an effective database on authors and their works. The council also issues certificates of notification to copyright owners that notify it of their rights in the work.
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If you watch nature shows, you know that male bears see cubs as tasty little McNuggets with fur, so it's not like one bear eating another is a big deal.
Except that in the Arctic, polar bears are increasingly deprived of the sea ice they rely on to access seals and other tasty mammalian treats. This has led to speculation that, trapped on land where there's no food, they may be resorting to cannibalism at rates significantly higher than before.
Jenny Ross, a photojournalist who says she’s been seeing higher instances of bear-on-bear action, told the BBC:
Predating another bear is a way to get food; it's probably a relatively easy way for a big adult male. And it seems that because of the circumstances of the loss of sea ice — that kind of behavior may be becoming more common.
Ross co-authored a paper on this bear-eat-bear world with a polar bear biologist, and just presented it at the American Geophysical Union meeting.
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Submission for environmental assessment under the EPBC Act
Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities, October 2010
- Annual Status Report: Torres Strait Tropical Rock Lobster Fishery - October 2010 (PDF - 526 KB) | (Doc -743 KB)
About the submission
The current export approval for the TSTRLF is valid until 23 November 2010 and the fishery is now due for assessment for ongoing export accreditation. The Department of the Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities (SEWPaC) received a submission – Annual Status Report –Torres Strait Tropical Rock Lobster Fishery – September 2010 from the Australian Fisheries Management Authority in October 2010. The report has been prepared to address the Australian Government Guidelines for the Ecologically Sustainable Management of Fisheries, 2nd edition (the Guidelines) and to provide updates on the implementation of recommendations made in the original SEWPaC assessment. The submission will be used to assess the operation of the fishery for the purposes of Parts 13 and 13A of the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (EPBC Act).
Consideration will be given to:
- declaring the TSTRLF as managed consistent with the Torres Strait Fisheries Act 1984 and Torres Strait Fisheries Regulations 1985, as an Approved Wildlife Trade Operation under section 303FN of the EPBC Act; and
- including on the list of exempt native specimens, specimens harvested in the TSTRLF under the provisions of the Torres Strait Fisheries Act 1984 and Torres Strait Fisheries Regulations 1985.
In accordance with the provisions of sections 303FR and 303DC of the EPBC Act, you are invited to comment on this proposal.
Call for public comments open from 13 October 2010 until 12 November 2010.
The submission is available for downloading above.
Please submit your comments to the address below:
Sustainable Fisheries Section
Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities
GPO Box 787
CANBERRA ACT 2601
Submissions may also be sent by fax to (02) 6275 9374 or email firstname.lastname@example.org
Any comments received will form part of the documentation provided to the Australian Government Minister for Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities for a decision. Copies of comments may be made available to other persons with a particular interest in the application. If you wish to claim confidentiality for any part of your comments, would you please discuss the matter with the Director of the Sustainable Fisheries Section on (02) 6274 1917.
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During playback? Whatever it shows is up to the software player I guess. It's the compressed bitrate—bits of encoded data / second—though exactly how it's calculating (averaging too? over what interval?) and displaying the data, I don't know.
Convert it back to WAV or whatever else and compare the bits. Actually, you can probably open up the FLAC and the original in some kind of audio editor and compare there. Audacity is one free option. Zoom in a lot and look at the data sample by sample. Or invert the data and add it back to the original, and see that you get 0. Or just play back all tracks (inverted plus original) and confirm you get no sound, and that you get sound whenever you listen to each separately. Whatever is enough to convince yourself one way or another.
You can try the same thing with lossy compression and see that you don't get 0. Note that you might need to be careful of everything aligning perfectly in time. I think there was a program for this purpose... Audio DiffMaker?
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In the mid seventeenth century Dutch soldiers and officials sent by ship from Batavia to acquire laborers for the Java settlement seize a young woman, Mei Ling, from a village in Fujian, China, along with scores of men. Seventeen-year-old Mei Ling is kidnapped at the behest of a lecherous Dutch official, who organizes a mutiny when the ship’s captain places her under his protection. Nanyang follows the adventures of Mei Ling and her brother, who sets out to rescue her, and their descendants amid land and sea battles of warring nations, natural disasters and rampant disease. They are caught up in historical events (in Europe as well as South-East Asia), in which notable English, Dutch and Javanese figures play their real-life roles. The story begins in China and ends soon after the founding of Singapore by Sir Stamford Raffles, who features in the book along with other personalities of the period, including Horatio Nelson.
"A pleasure to read." The detail of the history is “engrossing” - Amazon 4 star review.
“The author gives life to history through his characters, both real and imagined.” - Amazon 4 star review.
[SEE BELOW FOR LINKS TO NANYANG AND OTHER WORKS BY IAN STEWART NOW PUBLISHED AS E-BOOKS]
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United Road Towing, Phoenix's Official Tow Company, Settled Lawsuit Over Discrimination of Disabled Employees
United Road Towing, a company with a multimillion dollar monopoly towing cars for the Phoenix Police Department, has a questionable track record of dealing with its employees -- and its subsidiaries have been under federal scrutiny.
The company agreed in June to pay $380,000 to 13 individuals who complained that it discriminated against disabled employees. And last year, the company threatened to sue employees who landed better-paying jobs with one of its competitors.
The EEOC filed a lawsuit against the company September 30, 2009, saying United Road Towing "failed to provide reasonable accommodations to a class of employees with disabilities" in Chicago, Phoenix, San Diego, Indianapolis, Las Vegas, and Los Angeles.
The complaint highlighted United Road Towing's "inflexible medical leave policy and practice of terminating employees with disabilities at the end of medical leaves rather bringing them back to work with reasonable accommodation."
And the company still is considered a strong contender to win at least part of the Phoenix towing contract again, say political insiders.
According to the settlement, the company is prohibited from "discriminating against those with disabilities and requires the implementation of a reasonable accommodations policy [and] requires training...for the company's management."
There wasn't always a towing monopoly in Phoenix with such companies.
The city used to have more than one towing company that responded to calls from Phoenix cops to move disabled cars off the road, tow away wreckage after a car collision, or impound a drunk driver's wheels.
But in 2006, it decided to go with one company citywide -- United Road Towing, which does business in the Phoenix area as several different companies, including Shamrock Towing, Fast Towing, and All Valley Impound.
The contract started December 1, 2006 and was set to expire May 31, but citing problems with the first request for bids, city officials decided to keep United on as the sole towing company hauling off cars on behalf of Phoenix PD.
On May 30, the Phoenix City Council gave United Road Towing an eight-month extension on its expiring six-year contract. The extension now expires on January 31, and it worth about $46,000.
In a September 2011 article, Arizona Republic columnist Laurie Roberts smacked around United Road Towing for using heavy-handed tactics against their former employees who landed better paying jobs at All City Towing, a Phoenix-area company vying for a piece of that multimillion towing contract.
During a Phoenix City Council subcommittee meeting in 2011, Angela Dominguez revealed that United Road Towing was threatening to sue her for getting a job with their competitor, saying she had signed a non-compete clause.
With that multi-million-dollar towing contract now on the table -- and set to be awarded by the end of the year -- Roberts says how United Road Towing treats its employee is "something for the Phoenix City Council to think about."
She says, "Why on Earth would the city want to do business with a company that hires lawyers to stop its $10-an-hour employees from finding better jobs?"
Hard to say, but it's not surprising.
After all, Phoenix keeps doing business with Veolia Transportation, a French-based transit company that operates city buses and has its own track record of bullying its employees into signing away their rights, unjustly locks them out of the bus yard in the middle of contract negotiations, and even changed its in an attempt to not honor its agreements with longtime employees.
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Technique: Olga Dvorovenko
How I teach character dance
Simply standing in the commanding presence of ballet teacher Olga Dvorovenko can inspire a dancer to lift her sternum, elongate her neck, widen her shoulders and engage her core muscles. Whether Dvorovenko’s teaching the youngest levels at Ballet Academy East or coaching older dancers at American Ballet Theatre, she’s able to pull the very best from her students, and they dance with the artistry and musicality of professionals. What’s one of her secrets? A deep understanding of character dance. “It teaches students coordination, and how to listen and express different music,” she says. “It helps them open up and show that they love to dance—it’s so expressive.” And beyond that, character dance gives students freedom in movement and dynamics that they may find more difficult to experience within the confines of classical ballet.
Found in almost all classical ballets—from the mazurka in Paquita to the polonaise in Coppélia—character is a highly stylized technique, done in special character shoes or boots. A standard part of many ballet academies’ curriculum, it’s also offered at many summer intensives.
Since character uses much of the same vocabulary and concepts as ballet technique, Dvorovenko says it’s best to begin character training around 8 or 9 years old. “Students have to have a basis of classical ballet. It’s impossible to teach character without one to two years of solid ballet training,” Dvorovenko says, adding that the tarantella, for example, uses the ballet step ballonné, so students need to have this movement in their bodies.
Since character is a dance tradition influenced by geographic location, stemming from both folk and court dancing in Eastern Europe, teachers may have varying stylizations and approach movements differently, Dvorovenko says. And though she was born in Ukraine, Dvorovenko’s style is heavily influenced by the Polish folk dancing troupes that often traveled to her town when she was a child.
One key movement that she teaches early on is the mazurka, a Polish step with a distinct 3-count rhythm. It’s a cornerstone of character dance and teaches students to travel smoothly across the floor, challenging their arm and head coordination. Here, Dvorovenko and student Paulina Waski demonstrate the basics of character dance and the classic mazurka.
Dvorovenko’s character classes begin at the barre, and she places great emphasis on training students to move their upper bodies elegantly. “Your upper body has to talk—every gesture is important,” she says. During class, she is careful to attribute each traditional movement to its global roots, giving her students a historical and worldly foundation. And because each step is associated with a unique musicality, students gain a solid understanding of rhythm and phrasing.
*Keep your chest and shoulders wide and open. Dvorovenko tells students to imagine that they have hooks and eyes attached to their backs, and the hooks and eyes are close together. At the same time, dancers must hold their stomachs in tightly.
*Increasing épaulement makes a dancer’s movement more alive, says Dvorovenko. It’s difficult to teach the arms and head together, because so many tiny movements happen at once. “It’s like adding many spices when cooking; they make the food so much more flavorful,” she says.
* When you open your arms in preparation, initiate the movement with your elbows. Then, rotate your forearms to lift your wrists and hands slightly while continuing to open your arms. When you do it correctly, your body will rise. Stay tall.
Mazurka: This 3-count step should slide across the floor. Try not to bounce, even though there are slight hops. When this step originated, dancers wore long, heavy costumes with detailed embroidery and jewels.
Photo by Kyle Froman at the ABT Studios in NYC
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History is still being made in the British Isles. In Wiltshire, a small county in the South-Eastern Britain, is in the midst of a landmark case pertaining to a patients ‘right to die.’
Tony Nicklinson, 57, suffered from a stroke in 2005 which left him paralyzed from the neck down, also called “locked in syndrome.” Despite Mr. Nicklinson being mute and paralyzed, he can still move his eyes and is conscious. His representatives from Blindmans law firm stated “He communicates through the use of a Perspex board by using his Eye-Blink computer…” This type of communication has made it easier to determine that Mr. Niclinson is able to make his own decisions and, as previously states, conscious.
Representatives from Bindmans have released several statements arguing for his right to self-termination, saying he is too physically disabled to take his own life but wants the opportunity like any other physically healthy person.
Mr. Nicklinson’s argument is making it all the way up to the High Courts and is expected to be reviewed in a short amount of time. This is the first case of this nature, but in September of 2011, a high court judge ruled that a minimally conscious woman would not be allowed to die via withdrawing life support. Though a different scenario, this case could carry some weight in Nicklinson’s case.
Assisted Suicide in the United States
In the United States, the ruling on doctor assisted suicide, and suicide in general has become very clear and evident. Only in Washington, Oregon, and Montana are people allowed to seek physician-assisted suicide. While in eleven other states (see below map) where there are no laws which criminalize aiding, abetting, assisting or counseling suicide to patients. In the other thirty-six states the act of suicide, or assisting in someone’s suicide is punishable by law, usually under the parameters of manslaughter.
In 1996 and 1997, the Supreme Court ruled on two appealed cases, Vacco v. Quill and Washington v. Glucksberg. The issue in question was if assisted suicide is protected by the Constitution and if the people who aided in said suicide violated the 14th Amendment’s clause on Due Process. In a 9 to 0 vote, the Supreme court ruled that there was no constitutional right to die with the help of a physician within the Constitution, and upheld any ban that a state may create regarding assisted suicide.
Gonzales v. Oregon was brought to the Supreme Court in 2006 and it was ruled that the United States Attorney General could not enforce the Controlled Substances Act. This act regulates physicians prescribing drugs to assist terminally ill patients in committing suicide. However, because of Oregon’s Ballot Measure 16, which was established in 1994, the Controlled Substance Act has no authority in Oregon.
Oregon Ballot Measure 16 is the states way of ensuring that when a terminally ill patent wants to end their life prematurely is doing so in the correct state of mind. The patient must see two different doctors that will confirm the diagnosis as terminal and the patient has only six months or less to live. There must be two witnesses, one doctor that is not regularly related to the patient that must confirm the request for an assisted suicide. Fifteen days later, the patient must then again make a second request to another witness. The law in Washington, passed in 2008, is modeled after this system.
California tried to pass Proposition 161, in 1992, which allowed patients with six months left to live the right to die via physician assistance. It also protected the physicians against prosecution. The proposition only gained 46% of the vote and did not end up passing into law.
The Florida Supreme Court has ruled against assisted suicide for AIDS patients, such as the case of Krischer v. McIver. While in Alaska, in 1999, two patients Kevin Sampson and Jane Doe, sued the state for an exemption for their physicians when they assisted them to die. The court ruled that previous rulings were correct in the thinking that it is a violation of Alaska’s Constitution and the right to privacy and liberty does not allow people to end their lives.
Texas is in an interesting position, as it condemns physician assisted suicide but under the Texas Futile Care Law, it allows physicians to withdraw life support from a patient should they believe that the attempt to prolong life is illogical.
By: Conor O’Malley
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Constitution trampled in name of defense | Letters
November 27, 2012 · Updated 6:12 PM
Numerous laws enacted following the 2001 destruction of the World Trade Center allow one to question whether the United States is committed to democracy and guided by the Constitution and the rule of law.
A particularly egregious constitutional abuse is the National Defense Authorization Act of 2012. Sections 1021 and 1022 may allow the military to detain American citizens deemed a threat to national security in secret, indefinite detention, without charge or trial. These NDAA provisions violate the constitutional guarantee that the military cannot arrest American citizens within the United States.
The Act further denies the Fifth Amendment’s guarantee of due process of law and the Sixth Amendment’s rights to a speedy and public trial, to challenge evidence, and to confront one’s accusers.
The NDAA also may endanger the First Amendment right of free speech and the Fourth Amendment right of probable cause because the 2001 USA Patriot Act expanded “material support for terrorism” to include speech and association by defendants who neither committed nor intended to support violence.
The unconstitutional provisions of the NDAA continue the abuses that were initiated with the USA Patriot Act that, among other abusive provisions, allows the FBI secretly to order anyone to produce business records or any other “tangible things”.
Additional examples of abuses to the Constitution and the rule of law include, but are not limited to: the failure to prosecute those responsible for torture carried out under the administration of former President George W. Bush as required by both United States and international law; the excessive use of the State Secrets Privilege to bar court scrutiny of governmental conduct; and the 2012 Federal Aviation Administration Reauthorization Act, which allows for the domestic use of armed surveillance drones without civil liberties protections; the undeclared wars against Iraq and Afghanistan; and the kill lists and targeted assassinations in Pakistan, Somalia, and Yemen. The assassinations in Yemen have included American citizens.
Our president and congress members take an oath “to defend the Constitution of the United States.”
If “We the People” do not demand that they obey their oath, we are complicit in the ongoing transformation of our democracy into a surveillance state.
Steering Committee, Friends of the Constitution Coalition, Friday Harbor
— Editor’s note: Friends of the Constitution Coalition works in cooperation with the Bill of Rights Defense Committee. The local coalition includes many members of the former San Juan Islands chapter of the ACLU.
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What you may not know is that each Barbie for President doll comes with a tip sheet ginned up by the White House Project, a group encouraging women to run for public office. Barbie, whose career includes a stint as a business executive, advises leaders and future leaders to:
- List 10 things you want to accomplish, and then go for it!
- Champion a cause you believe in.
- Challenge yourself to try something new. You can do it!
- Treat yourself and others with respect.
- Act as a role model.
- Support your people when they have a setback, and show them how to try again.
- Encourage them to dream and to make their dreams come true.
— Adapted from “If Not Bush or Kerry, Vote Barbie,” http://money.cnn.com.
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" This information is proudly provided by Business Management Daily.com: http://www.businessmanagementdaily.com/7533/blonde-ambition-barbie-advises-leaders "
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May 16, 1995(Key vote)
Title: Comprehensive Wetlands Conservation and Management Act
Vote Smart's Synopsis:
Vote to pass a bill that authorizes $2.3 billion a year for fiscal years 1996 through 2000 for Clean Water Act programs, gives States more control, increases consideration of economic impacts of water quality standards, relaxes some pollution control components of the Clean Water Act, and establishes new criteria for defining wetlands.
- Reauthorizes and amends the Clean Water Act through FY2000.
- Extends authorization for grants that fund assessment reports, nonpoint source management programs, and "groundwater protection programs" through FY2000.
- Reduces the authorizations for grants to States and localities for pollution prevention research, investigations, training and information activities from $50 million to $21.24 million per year.
- Requires the Government to compensate property owners if EPA actions diminish the fair market value of property 20 percent or more.
- Establishes a classification system for wetlands, which is used to determine the regulations required to be met in order to receive a permit for activities in the wetland area.
- Stipulates that no water quality standard be established if there is "no reasonable relationship between the cost and anticipated benefits of attaining such standard."
- Establishes a Great Lakes Research Council to advise and promote coordination of Great Lakes research.
- Requires a permit issued by the Secretary of the Army for the discharge of dredge or fill material in U. S. waters, including wetlands at a specific disposal site; and the draining, channelization or excavation of wetlands.
- Authorizes the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to conduct and promote comprehensive programs of basic water pollution research and make grants to local governments for carrying out water pollution prevention research, investigations, training and information programs.
- Revises provisions regarding mine water pollution control to require the Administrator of the EPA to establish a program that allows States or Indian tribes to apply for grants in order to carry out a project that decreases the causes and of effects of acidic or other toxic mine drainage in an area where the water quality has been effected by past coal mining activity.
- Increases the maximum amount of Federal assistance a State can receive for "groundwater quality protection" from $150,000 to $500,000.
- Provides that a State that has not received Federal approval for a State's core coastal management program will have 30 months from the date of approval of such program to submit a Coastal Nonpoint Pollution Program.
- Allows the Secretary of Commerce and the Administrator of the EPA to grant conditional approval of a State's program when the State requests additional time to complete the development of its program.
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Everyone knows that exercise helps your heart, so Southlands Christian School has taken it a step further. The Rowland Heights campus has been promoting the American Heart Association's Heart Health Month. The monthlong campaign ended with everyone wearing red on Feb. 29.
"Students and faculty have been wearing red each Wednesday," explained international director Holly Duncan. "On Leap Year day we promised to donate $1 to the American Heart Association for every person who wears red on campus."
Southlands Christian was awash in a sea of red at its campus on Brea Canyon Cutoff Road. Duncan said 415 people rose to the challenge.
The heartfelt campaign was run by the Christian high school's student government
"Our PE classes have been participating every Wednesday with with activities recommended by the Heart Association - jumping rope, basketball, hula hoops," Duncan said. "The school even opened its gym for basketball during lunch."
Teacher Ismael Bermudez thought it was a great idea to keep the students moving, while teaching them to give back to the community.
"I think it's good to help others when they need it," agreed 17-year-old Susanna Li. The 10th-grader was enjoying the heart activities.
Southlands' Baking Club made heart-shaped cookies and cupcakes. The young bakers attached a
The school even screened a video about healthy choices from the Heart Association.
"We're trying to teach kids how to give back and show concern for others," said second grade teacher Marla Holbrook. "I think it makes them better people."
Earlier in the year, the students had raised $500 for Pennies For Patients.
Since 1994, millions of dollars have been raised by more than 10
At Christmas, the students collected gifts for needy families in the area as well as Mexico. The school also raised $1,000 for the Kiwanis Club of Hacienda Heights. The club bought shoes for needy students in Rowland and Hacienda La Puente schools, as well as the Delhaven Center.
"When the Kiwanis told me about their Shoes That Fit project, I thought that was something our students might want to become involved with," explained Duncan.
The 120 elementary students donated money during chapel services on Fridays. The shoe fund gradually rose to an impressive $500, which the school later matched.
"When they told me how much they collected, I was very impressed," said David Malkin, Kiwanis president-elect and chairman of the shoe project. "It's heartwarming to see one of our schools be so generous."
But Leap Year Day was all about the American Heart Association. Dressed in bright red T-shirts Dan Iyob, 7, and Selah Dominguez, 8, played another game of Hoops for Hearts, while girls skipped rope nearby.
Proving once again, that Southlands Christian has as much heart as any school.
626-962-8811, ext. 2801
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See different coaching situations in...
- Education Professionals
A re-drafting of the government's literary strategy in 2007 is expected to order primary schools to adopt a system of "synthetic phonics" to teach children to read.
Under the system, sounds associated with letters or groups of letters must be learned before they can be combined into words.
But many teachers have condemned the move, claiming that this method makes the process boring and onerous, and that it replaces the use of "real books" with dull phonic-specific publications.
Presenter Sheena McDonald is joined in this programme by experts and teachers, including:
Read a review of this video on the Teacher Training Resource Bank site.
Part of the series: Talking Point
Login to post comments
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March 13, 2012
In Working Girl it was idea theft; in The Devil Wears Prada it was executive tyranny; and in Horrible Bosses it was substance abuse, sexual predation and psychological tricks. Seen through Hollywood’s lens, a boss is not simply your superior; they are your predator.
7 Famous Bosses Behaving Badly
While the reality of employer-employee relationships is far more complicated than on the silver screen, bosses remain the most influential factors of job ― and life ― satisfaction. A 2005 Gallup Poll discovered that most people do not quit the company; they quit the supervisor, citing incompatibility or dissatisfaction with their bosses as the number one reason for leaving their jobs. A 2004 study from Indiana University-Perdue University in Fort Wayne found that a worker’s relationship with her boss is nearly as important as her relationship with her spouse for overall happiness, and a survey at Buckinghamshire New University in the U.K. found that a bad boss can increase your chance of heart disease by 20 percent.
Job satisfaction reached an all-time low in 2010 (the Conference Board found only 45 percent of Americans enjoyed their jobs that year, down from 49 percent in 2008), due to a variety of factors: layoffs, pay cuts, fewer opportunities to switch jobs, and yes, bad bosses. Only 67 percent of employed Americans rated their supervisor as good or excellent in 2010, and 11 percent rated their boss as poor, according to a Rasmussen Report.
16 Countries Where People Work the Longest Hours
According to Dr. Nathanael Fast, a management professor at USC’s Marshall School of Business, bosses’ moods can rise and fall as quickly as the Dow. In 2009, Fast co-authored a study that demonstrated that power coupled with a sense of inadequacy often led to heightened aggression among individuals, and an impulse to protect their ego. And during down times, Americans can become more tolerant of a boss’s behavior because a bad boss is better than no boss at all. “When the economy is bad, management may have less control on what is happening to their business,” Fast says. “And they may act out negatively because of that.”
Even when corporate profits are flush, bosses’ behavior can turn sour. According to Sreedhari Desai, a business professor at the University of North Carolina and a research fellow at Harvard, managerial behavior goes beyond the macroeconomic climate. In 2010, Desai and a team of researchers published a study that implied that the more executives made, the meaner they behaved toward their employees. Desai used data correlations and lab experiments to confirm that a higher income gap in a company’s hierarchy gave managers license to treat employees more poorly, for example compensate them less and fire them for adequate performance more.
Yet recent studies suggest more positive attitudes are rebounding in the workplace. This January, Rasmussen Reports found 81 percent of employed Americans worked in a positive environment. And 79 percent of employees rated their supervisors as good or excellent in 2011, an 18 percent increase from the year before. The uptick comes while salaries have fallen or remained stagnant.
Desai attributed the improvement employee satisfaction to the psychological phenomenon of adjusted aspiration levels. “Human beings are remarkably persevering,” she says. “I’m not surprised that after having taken a dip after the economic situation satisfaction levels are now coming back up. It’s a testament to the human mindset. We try to make the best of the situations because the alternative is that we’d all be depressed, morose and miserable.”
Employees may also become more tolerant of poor managerial styles as long as they produce. A 2010 study carried out by the University of Iowa showed that if as a fictional CEO was categorized as “productive,” participants overlooked abusive language or behavior. In contrast, a likeable CEO received lower marks if seemed less competent. Such a phenomenon may explain why Steve Jobs, a CEO known for micromanagement and antagonism, still received approval ratings as high as 97 percent from his employees.
At the same time, an improving economy, growing corporate profits, and lower unemployment numbers give American workers a sense of higher job security and more opportunities to find satisfying employment options. According to government data in November 2011, more employees quit their jobs by choice, a sign of growing confidence in the job market. Fast hopes that if nothing else, better times will lead to more aware bosses. “It’s psychologically uncomfortable to recognize your own bad behavior,” he says. “But a good boss would consider these factors and change because of it.”
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Most panoramas on panoye are equirectangular:
On equirectangular panoramas some lines are distorted and some aren't. Horizontal lines at the center are straight and so are all vertical lines. All other lines are more or less distorted. Lines closer to the top or bottom are more distorted than those near the center.
That's why even non-spherical panoramas with wider visible field (i.e. bigger height compared to width) sometimes seem very distorted.
There is no way to show the entire panorama (as a single photography) with all straight lines - straight. But...Here comes the cubic perspective:
As you can see - with cubic perspective:
- All lines are straight,
- The panorama is showed with 6 different square photos. They are called "cubefaces" (because they can be arranged to make a perfect 3D cube).
Anybody interested in a quick tutorial on how to make cubic panoramas?
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May 29, 2009 | Posted At: 07:00 AM | Author: Angela Bunyi | Category: Current Affairs
What an exciting year! I tried giving you a real peek in our classroom this year, and I hope you were not disappointed. And speaking of giving, I am ready to give you some news. What does the future hold? Read on to find out!
Continue reading "We Only Part To Meet Again" »
May 27, 2009 | Posted At: 09:09 PM | Author: Angela Bunyi | Category: Current Affairs
Photo: Paige served as an Ambassador for the Junior Achievement Business Hall of Fame in Nashville (04/08).
I am sorry for not posting on Monday. I made an unexpected trip to Atlanta which met with the end-of-the-year packing and wrapping up upon return. As promised, however, I do have a guest blogger for you today. Her name is Tammy, and she is the mother of one of my students, Paige. Paige was diagnosed with selective mutism at the age of four. I asked Tammy if she could post some information on selective mutism so that there could be a greater awarness of what SM is and is not.
Continue reading "A Voice on Selective Mutism" »
January 10, 2009 | Posted At: 07:35 PM | Author: Angela Bunyi | Category: Current Affairs
, Lesson Plans
, Social Studies
By chance, my government unit blends right into the real-world political scene as we welcome our 44th President, Barack Obama, through the Inauguration Ceremony on January 20th. Can you think of a better time to stop and talk about the Constitution, the Bill of Rights, the Amendments, and the 3 Branches of Government? I can't, and I am happy these concepts fall under our fourth grade teaching standards. I'd like to share my lesson plans and direct resources being used to teach this unit.
*Pictured: A Christmas tree branch, a hook that screws into the branch, fishing line, index cards, and some leaves= "Branches" of Government project.
Continue reading "Government 101: Yes We Can!" »
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“We don’t know why this is the case, but there may be something about the gene for creativity that runs not only in those types of professions but in bipolar as well,” said Dr. Lori Altshuler of the UCLA Mood Disorders Research Program.
In her Psych Central article The Link Between Bipolar Disorder and Creativity, Jane Collingwood notes an Oregon State University study that “looked at the occupational status of a large group of typical patients and found that ‘those with bipolar illness appear to be disproportionately concentrated in the most creative occupational category.’ They also found that the likelihood of ‘engaging in creative activities on the job’ is significantly higher for bipolar than nonbipolar workers.”
In the same article, Collingwood writes that Katherine P. Rankin, Ph.D. and colleagues at the University of California-San Francisco comment that bipolar patients can show unusual brain anatomy, specifically “diminished frontal regulation of subcortical affective systems involving the amygdala and striatum, which may increase their affective instability as well as their compulsiveness.”
That idea of “diminished frontal regulation” reminds me of research on high sensitivity or “sensory processing sensitivity” and the finding that brains of creative people appear to be more open to incoming stimuli from the surrounding environment.
See my earlier post Highly Sensitive and Creative: Latent Inhibition.
Cultural concepts of mood disorder
In his Psych Central article At The Mercy Of Our Moods, Tom Wootton notes that “At the mercy of her moods” was “a very 19th century expression” but is still an undercurrent in both popular and professional attitudes about mental health.
“In the 20th century, the expressions were also applied to artists. The implication in all cases remained that the person was somehow taken over; that mood was stronger than their ability to handle it. It was someone of a sensitive, delicate, and susceptible personality who was prone to these episodes, illnesses, or disorders. The literature about artists in the 19th and 20th century is replete with these concepts.”
But Wootton declares that based on his experience, “and that of many others…intensity has much less to do with it than understanding and training. When we seek understanding instead of just trying to make it go away, we find that we can separate the experience of physical, mental, emotional, and spiritual intensity from our reactions.
“We can function fully during our most intense experiences because we have chosen to understand them. The more we experience such freedom, the less we are at the mercy of our moods.”
Tom Wootton is author of Bipolar In Order: Looking At Depression, Mania, Hallucination, and Delusion From The Other Side.
Traditional diagnosis and medication not necessarily the best or only path
In her article Giftedness, sensitivity and psychiatric drugs: why do we take them and why do we quit?, writer Cat Robson recalls, “When I was misdiagnosed with bipolar disorder I felt relieved. I thought I finally had an explanation for all the difficult relationships, mistakes and trauma in my life. And there were pills that would fix it all!
“I trusted the medical professionals who interpreted my creative energy as mania and my mental energy as ‘racing thoughts,’ because they must know best.
“Unaware of high sensitivity and the complex dynamics of giftedness and creativity, I was very self-critical and ashamed of myself…The bipolar diagnosis felt like a huge ‘pass.’ I had a ‘disease’ and it wasn’t my responsibility.
“It’s challenging and often lonely to live in this world with a creative, sensitive brain. But it’s not a disease. I take responsibility for learning as much as possible about living a healthy, meaningful life as a gifted HSP in an often unsupportive world. Thankfully, there is much more information available to us now than in the past, and a growing community of people with similar challenges and gifts.”
Creating from our healthy self
Collingwood also notes in her article, “Individuals with bipolar disorder often report that they are at their most creative and productive when feeling most healthy. For example, the poet Sylvia Plath, who is widely believed to have had bipolar disorder, said that when she was writing she was accessing the healthiest part of herself. What might she have written had she not killed herself at age 30?”
Writer, educator and performer Victoria Maxwell is author of Crazy for Life – a one-woman show of her “roller-coaster ride with bi-polar disorder.”
Asked in an interview for Stable Moods about whether there is anything positive in her experience, Maxwell replied: “As I have gotten better at managing my illness, I can more productively harness the creative energy that comes somewhat from the illness.
“And now with better management skills, I don’t burn bridges with that creative energy. The work I produce is of better quality and the creative energy is more sustainable.”
[Photo of Maxwell from bio on her site www.victoriamaxwell.com]
Also see her Psychology Today blog Crazy for Life: Escapades of a bipolar princess.
For more quotes, books, links to articles etc on all this, see my Depression and Creativity site.
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Last reviewed: 6 Dec 2010
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Colorado State Parks offers interpretive and environmental education opportunities for all ages. Nature programs, volunteer trainings, campfire talks and junior ranger programs are just a few of the ways visitors can learn more about the flora, fauna, geology and history of our state parks.
Former Lt. Gov. Barbara O'Brien asked Colorado kids to submit suggestions on what they think should be included in their Outdoor Bill of Rights, which was being created to encourage children to reconnect with the outdoors. The list includes many activities which can be found in Colorado State Parks.
Take a look at our Family and Kids page for nature-inspired family activities.
Colorado has 42 state parks which all offer an array of activities, some which include wildlife viewing, Nature Centers, group picnic areas, and many multiple-use trails. Many Colorado State Parks offer programs and activities for children of all ages, including Junior Ranger programs and special offerings for teens. The following is a sample listing of programs and events. For a complete listing of activities visit the State Parks calendar.
Arkansas Headwaters State Park: Junior Ranger Programs mid-June through mid-August. Programs include: Birds on the Brain; Spider Sniffing; Don't Take Rocks for Granite; Scats, Tracks and Fur; Wildflowers; Snakes; Don't Bug Me--I Ate A Bug Club; Lions, Sheep and Bears--Oh My; and Waters the Matter.
Barr Lake State Park: There is a great Nature Center that is chalk full of great activities. Some upcoming events are Guided Bird Walks, Gorgeous Gourds, and Birds and their Secrets.
Castlewood Canyon State Park: A variety of school programs are offered year round. Fun events taking place this spring and summer include: A Rose is a Rose, Hound Hike, and Fun & Games in the Canyon.
Cherry Creek State Park: A variety of school programs are offered year round. Some exciting summer events include Friday and Saturday night education programs at the campground amphitheater, a junior Ranger program, and Sundays at the Swim Beach.
Eleven Mile State Park: Children's programs are generally offered throughout the summer on Saturday mornings. Junior Ranger activities take place Saturday afternoons.
Golden Gate Canyon State Park: Kids Hour Programs with topics such as fire safety, arts and crafts, and puppet shows. Campfire programs offered for families include: Wildlife of Colorado, Skins and Skulls, Wildflowers, Bats, Fishing Programs, Park and Area History, and search and Rescue. A self-guided Junior Ranger Program is also offered.
Jackson Lake State Park: Junior Ranger Program and Saturday evening interpretive programs are offered throughout the summer. Educational programs are offered on Saturday evenings at the Cove Amphitheatre beginning Memorial Day weekend through Labor Day Weekend.
Mancos State Park: A Junior Ranger Program and youth focused programs are offered June through August. Summer programs range from environmental education programs, workshops, and art exhibits to simple sing-alongs around the campfire.
Roxborough State Park: The Visitor Center has a great, interactive geological exhibit with five educational stations for visitors of all ages. Learn how the rock formations came to be, which wild creatures live in the parks, and much more. Special events are offered year-round at the park. Upcoming events: Story time, Patio Geology, and Roxy Puppet Theatre.
State Forest State Park: Junior Ranger Program and Saturday evening interpretive programs are offered throughout the summer. Educational programs are offered on Saturday evenings at the Cove Amphitheatre beginning Memorial Day weekend through Labor Day Weekend.
Trinidad Lake State Park: Interpretive programs every Saturday night from Memorial Day to Labor Day including Campfire S'mores, roasting hotdogs, cooking in the Horno, wildlife shows, and exploring our hiking trails.
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About Game Fish and Parks
The purpose of the Department of Game, Fish and Parks is to perpetuate, conserve, manage, protect, and enhance South Dakota's wildlife resources, parks, and outdoor recreational opportunities for the use, benefit, and enjoyment of the people of this state and its visitors, and to give the highest priority to the welfare of this state's wildlife and parks, and their environment, in planning and decisions.
Game Fish and Parks Commission -- Acting within its legislative mandates, the commission serves as the advocate and liaison between the GFP department and it's stakeholders to conserve and enhance our wildlife, parks and related natural resources and to provide opportunities for all citizens and future generations to use and enjoy South Dakota's outdoor heritage.
Division of Wildlife -- will manage South Dakota's wildlife and fisheries resources and their associated habitats for their sustained and equitable use, and for the benefit, welfare and enjoyment of the citizens of this state and its visitors.
Division of Parks and Recreation -- is committed to providing diverse outdoor recreational opportunities, acting as a catalyst for a growing tourism economy and preserving the resources with which we are entrusted. We will accomplish this through efficient, responsive and environmentally sensitive management, and constructive communication with those we serve.
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Executive Etiquette - Smug Attitude Can Hinder Management Prospects
by RHI Management Resources, www.rhimr.com
Confidence is critical when interviewing for a job, but executives warn against too much of a good thing. In a recent survey conducted by RHI Management Resources, 50 percent of chief financial officers (CFOs) said arrogance is a management-level candidate's biggest pitfall.
CFOs were asked, "Which one of the following is the worst mistake a candidate can make when interviewing for a management-level position?"
Fifty percent of CFOs said displaying arrogance during the interview was the worst mistake a potential candidate could make during an interview.
Other mistakes include:
- Avoiding difficult questions;
- Not being prepared to discuss specific achievements;
- Asking up-front about compensation and other benefits, and
- Demonstrating a lack of knowledge of the Company.
"When hiring at the senior level, companies pay particular attention to a candidate's ability to lead, motivate and communicate effectively," said Paul McDonald, executive director of RHI Management Resources. "Firms value applicants who not only convey authority and aptitude but who also have the interpersonal skills needed to direct a team and collaborate with top executives."
McDonald added that professionals should be prepared to address challenging interview questions, such as how they handle business setbacks or sensitive personnel issues. "Employers are seeking managers who can think strategically, troubleshoot problems and provide innovative solutions."
RHI Management Resources has more than 90 locations in major cities throughout North America, Europe and Australia, and offers online job search services at www.rhimr.com.
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Crowdsourcing A Mom’s Medical Diagnosis: Help is needed!
My readers know well that I’ve been speaking about the use of crowdsourcing in medicine and healthcare for years and I do this in practice every single day through my medical Facebook, Twitter, Google+ and Friendfeed communities. Once I even managed to crowdsource a rare diagnosis through these networks. Now I turn to you again in order to solve a medical mystery of a mother.
In a nutshell, a postpartum mother with no seizure or high blood pressure history suddenly developing malignant high blood pressure plus a new onset seizure disorder of complex partial seizures. She is being treated at Stanford, but still there is no final diagnosis. Here is the Facebook page the husband created and the details:
In my layman’s language, we have this previously very healthy woman who has a difficult third pregnancy. She has preclampsia during her pregnancy. She delivers the baby and then her blood pressure does not normalize (as would be expected with a preclampsia patient) but her blood pressure proceeds to get worse–to the point were she has a high-blood pressure-induced eclamptic seizure in her sleep seven weeks after the birth of her baby. She then starts to gets partial complex seizures (the lip smacking kind) in her sleep; that happen every six or seven weeks. She’ll get these partial complex seizures for maybe seven nights in a row before they stop, only to have them return in another six weeks or so. This pattern of seizure clusters is pretty consistent. The patient has been extensively worked up at Stanford and other places, with everything coming back negative–except for a recent diagnosis of potential Lyme’s exposure. We have all these specialists that don’t know what to make of this very distinct profile–a postpartum mother with no seizure or high blood pressure history suddenly developing malignant high blood pressure plus a new onset seizure disorder of complex partial seizures–that cluster, are only nocturnal, and go dormant for six weeks before reappearing. Yes, the patient shows some Lyme’s exposure but the regular physicians at Stanford are just dismissive of a diagnosis of Lyme’s disease in general.
History of Present Illness is here.
Complete set of medical files are here.
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Ties That Bind
Ties That Bind
Pittsburgh-based Family Tyes uses fly-fishing and fly-tying to teach important life lessons.
- By: Phil Monahan
For Christmas 1978, Baldwin Middle School principal George Aiken—brother-in-law of famed Pennsylvania angler Chauncey Lively—gave some of his teachers a box of flies and a promise that he’d teach them how to tie. It was a simple gift, born of Aiken’s love for fly-fishing, but two members of the faculty at the Pittsburgh school, Paul Hindes and Chuck McKinney, were inspired by their newfound hobby. They recognized that fly-fishing and tying could offer kids an enriching, character-building alternative to the negative forces of drugs and alcohol that were so tempting to adolescents. In 1979, the two men, with the help of local volunteers and donations from local business, launched the Baldwin Fishing Club.
That first year, they taught a weeklong fly-tying class for seven students, followed by a day trip to Fisherman’s Paradise, the trout run in central Pennsylvania. In 1981, inspired by the club’s efforts, members of the local Trout Unlimited chapter volunteered to teach and mentor fly-fishing classes held in the high school. Over its first decade, the club expanded to include students from five other area schools and membership topped 60 adults and kids. Instead of hanging out on the streets on weekends, these youngsters were learning to tie flies or spending time on the water with role models. Overnight trips to rivers around the state helped students become more comfortable in and with the natural world, as they learned valuable lessons about persistence, commitment and patience.
Thirty years since its inception, Family Tyes—the club’s name changed when it became a 501(c)3 nonprofit organization in 1993—has expanded its school programs and now also helps to organize clubs that bring families, community members, volunteers and businesses together to teach valuable life lessons through fly-fishing, fly-tying and rod-building. Co-founder Hindes describes Family Tyes as “much bigger than fly fishing,” placing priority on leadership, life skills and a sense of personal responsibility. “One of our charges is that we owe our kids something,” he says, “and Family Tyes works with schools, community organizations and youth development groups to offer positive outdoor learning experiences.”
Since that first class of seven, more than 15,000 students have been through one of the various programs Family Tyes offers or supports. There are now more than 20 school programs across Pennsylvania and four other states, as well as many other programs outside the academic setting. The organization partners with government agencies and private groups, such as the National Park Service, Trout and the American Fly Fishing Trade Association, who brought in Family Tyes to help with the Jim Range Congressional Casting Call, held each spring in Washington D.C.
While instructors and mentors are always trying to teach kids to enjoy the outdoors, there is also serious work going on in these programs. Family Tyes was founded by educators, and they have used their expertise to ensure that all of their practices are sound and instructionally appropriate. With financial support from big-name philanthropic groups, such as the R.K. Mellon Foundation, Hindes and others at Family Tyes have created standards-based curricula for including fly-fishing elements in physical education, math and science classes.
“We could set up a program at any school in the country,” Hindes says, with minor tweaking to fit the requirements of each state. “And we can customize a program to fit the needs of anyone working with kids.”
The goals of the organization are ambitious. On the “Assets Approach” page on the Family Tyes Web site, a chart lists 40 different “developmental assets,” identified by the Search Institute, essential for youths to become caring and responsible adults. These range from “positive family communication” to “reading for pleasure” to “a sense of purpose.” Family Tyes has recently partnered with researchers at Carnegie Mellon University to get feedback from kids in the program and to track the benefits of the project.
Like all nonprofit groups, Family Tyes welcomes donations of money or time. And remember: you’re not just helping to teach a kid how to fish; you’re helping to teach him to become a better adult. For more information or to make a donation, visit familytyes.com. ?
Philip Monahan is the former editor of American Angler magazine.
Color Them Hooked
Last January, a couple of hardcore anglers named Cameron Mortenson and Kevin Powell asked a bunch of artists to contribute to the creation of a one-off fly-fishing-themed coloring book for kids. The two men were so impressed by the submissions that they decided to build an organization around the concept, and a Web site, FishyKid.org, launched on August 1. Both men are fathers of young children, and felt there was a need for a good national youth initiative to keep kids and parents engaged in fly-fishing through fun activities. FishyKid.org now boasts about 70 industry sponsors and is supported by Trout Unlimited, Federation of Fly Fishers, the Sierra Club and Bonefish & Tarpon Trust, among others. FishyKid hosts coloring and writing contests that offer fabulous prizes, too; one upcoming writing contest will give away a 10-foot NuCanoe. For more information, and to download the free coloring book, visit FishyKid.org.
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The day starts out innocently enough. On the morning of his nuptials, Fadinard (Albert Prejean) sets out in his carriage to go meet the wedding party, which has gathered around his wife-to-be (Marise Maia). On the way, a distraction causes him to be thrown from his buggy, and when he returns, he finds his horse chewing on a hat made out of Italian straw. A solider, Lieutenant Tavernier (Vital Geymond), emerges from the bushes and demands the hat be returned. Easy enough, except the horse has already eaten half the brim. A woman comes out of the bushes next. She is Anais Beauperthuis (Olga Tschekowa), and it's her hat. She is a married woman, and were she to return without the headpiece, her husband (Jim Gerald) would be suspicious. Lieutenant Tavernier demands Fadinard replace what his horse ate, his wedding be damned. Threats, misunderstandings, and comedic complications ensue.
That's the basic plot of The Italian Straw Hat (Un Chapeau de paille d'Italie), Rene Clair's 1927 farce. The silent film is based on a popular 1851 stage play, but Clair has transplanted the story to 1895 as a tribute to the year cinema first came alive. This affords him the chance to adopt the style and fashion from that year as a tribute to the founders of moviemaking. Whatever the inspiration, the results are hilarious.
As the bride's family gathers, Fadinard is forced to come up with excuses and explain his odd behavior. The soldier is threatening to trash his apartment if the groom doesn't defend his mistress' honor, and if Fadinard is caught with a woman in his room, that would be bad for him, too. How can he sneak away from the ceremony and find a replacement hat without it looking too bizarre? Relatives are piled onto the events, including a deaf uncle (Paul Ollivier) and a slovenly cousin (Alexis Bondireff), both of whom add to the difficulties. One of the funniest sequences in the movie comes when that cousin's wife (Alice Tissot) notices his tie has come undone while they are watching the wedding ceremony. She tries to signal her husband that he needs to adjust himself, but he just won't get it. Her constant gesturing sets off a ripple effect, and before she's through, every man but her husband is checking his own tie, including the justice of the peace.
It occurs to me that farce isn't really a style we're all that good at anymore. Though some recent comedies, such as Wedding Crashers and The Hangover, have farcical premises, they don't maintain the pacing that is required for a truly good farce. Perhaps it's just the nature of talking pictures, they feel the need to stop and take detours and insert some pathos; Rene Clair has no such concerns. The Italian Straw Hat is a true farce, each scene adding some new complication to the plot. The characters are trapped in a rolling snowball of miscommunication and misapplied logic. There is a reason these films often end with the mob giving chase. In this case, the bride's family descends on Fadinard's apartment while he tries to get the woman and her lover out before his in-laws or the cuckolded husband see them. And, of course, the police are going to show up.
Rene Clair has a wonderful sense of comic timing, and though he maybe lets some of the conversations go on a little long (a strange idea for a silent film), the playful invention that is a hallmark of his best films is also present in The Italian Straw Hat. Not only does he pay tribute to the origins of motion pictures, but he also gives a loving wink to the stage. When Fadinard finally explains his story to someone, we see how the desperate man envisions his plight: as a silly drama performed in front of a flat theatrical backdrop. Immediately following, though, when the listener begins to put the story together, his point of view is purely cinematic. His version of events features characters fading in and out, objects merging, and other clever camera tricks. It's a meeting of old and new, with Clair showing true reverence for both.
The Italian Straw Hat may be little more than goofball slapstick, but there's really nothing wrong with that. We all need a hearty laugh from time to time, and when the goofball is done this well, it never stops being funny. Not even 80 years later.
The intertitles for the movie are new and presented in English. They look good, they aren't overly modern. There are optional French subtitles for those who want to read the original language. (Spanish subs are also available.) Interior shots of written letters are actually in English, too, and are from the original source, apparently shot at the same time as the French version in anticipation of the movie being exported.
Other text-based bonuses include a 1916 translation of the original play, written by Eugene Labiche and Marc Michel. This is accessed via DVD-ROM, and it comes as a pdf. There is also a pdf of an old article on Labiche's vaudeville style. You can access them by loading your DVD in your computer and opening it like you would any file folder.
The video-based extras are two delightful short films. The first is by Clair, and it's a documentary called La Tour (The Eiffel Tower, 1928). In it, the director uses photos to show us the history and construction of the famous landmark, and then shoots his own remarkable footage of the interior. The second film is a 1907 production by Ferdinand Zecca called Noce en Goguette (Fun After the Wedding. This earlier film inspired Rene Clair, and indeed, the wedding party in this film looks an awful lot like the wedding party in The Italian Straw Hat. Together, these two short subjects run just over 20 minutes.
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In spite of a new housing development and population growth, Taylor's post office will operate for four hours instead of eight hours a day.
Darcy Uzdilla, the lone officer at the Post Office, says she's just glad it's not closing completely.
Pete Nowacki, with the U.S. Postal Service says they have been studying post offices across the country, and Taylor is one of several in North Dakota where they have decided to reduce window hours.
He says they decide to reduce hours based on the number of transactions and amount of revenue the offices bring in.
A meeting was scheduled in Taylor tonight to allow residents to ask questions.
Several business owners planned to speak out and raise their concerns.
"It would definitely be a big inconvenience for us we would have to run to another town and mail our items, especially when there's not a window there for anything that's certified that needed to go out and we need to be prompt with our mail, it would be a big inconvenience." says Judy Naumann/Dakota Community Bank.
Taylor's city auditor says the latest unofficial population count is around 212 people, up significantly the last year.
Nowacki says they will re-evaluate post office hours annually, and growth could possibly change the hours back.
For more information you can visit www.usps.com
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The toddler period generally encompasses development during the second and third years of life. Strang (1969) has labeled this period “the first adolescence.” It is a transitional time between infancy and early childhood, just as adolescence links childhood to adulthood. The toddler period is characterized by a slowing of physical development, although the toddler maintains a growth rate faster than any subsequent period except adolescence. At age 2 the average toddler is 81 to 89 cm (32 to 35 in) tall and weighs approximately 11 to 14 kg (25 to 30 lb). The child now is capable of maintaining an upright physical posture, and development in all areas becomes more refined. Bones continue to calcify and harden, with the composition of wrists and ankles changing from cartilage to bone. Nonetheless, the toddler still has a larger proportion of cartilage than hard bone, making possible skeletal damage resulting from disease or poor diet. A toddler normally has a full set of baby teeth by age 2. Muscle and fat tissues develop slowly during this period, with fatty tissue growth actually decreasing up to about age 30 months when it again begins to increase. Motor development improves, and well-balanced walking, jumping, and climbing without adult assistance are common. In the case of Nathaniel, he is unable to walk at 23 months of age and may be as much as one year behind in his gross motor development. Fine muscle control is evident in the child’s finger coordination in learning to handle pencils, crayons, and paintbrushes.
Memory and language skills also show significant gains during this period. The child learns the names of people, objects, and places and can recall them for later use. In the language domain, the child moves from word combinations at age 2 to sentences at age 3. With only one-word utterances, Nathaniel is showing very few of these language related behaviors at 23 months of age. Words and actions become more coordinated near the end of the toddler period. Social-emotional development moves from adult-assisted activities to more independent social-emotional activities, with play being exploratory and egocentric in nature. Self-help and adaptive behaviors also emerge during toddlerhood, with the major one being toilet training. In general, the toddler begins to use thought, language, movement, and emotions in a coordinated fashion and is learning to gain verbal control over actions (Tinsley & Waters, 1982).
© ______ 2009, Merrill, an imprint of Pearson Education Inc. Used by permission. All rights reserved. The reproduction, duplication, or distribution of this material by any means including but not limited to email and blogs is strictly prohibited without the explicit permission of the publisher.
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- Steps in the IEP Process
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AccessMyLibrary provides FREE access to millions of articles from top publications available through your library.
Some favor new system, others resisting change
When the Houston Association of Realtors decided last year to replace an aging mainframe computer system with a new one, folks were a little nervous.
After all, the computer network, run through the agency's Multiple Listing Service, is the real estate agent's lifeblood, containing listings of almost all homes offered for sale in the Houston area through licensed agents.
The computerized MLS is an indispensable marketing tool exposing a listed property to thousands of potential buyers and, at the same time, allowing buyers to narrow their choices by eliminating properties that don't meet their criteria.
For the past 15 years, the association's members had used another system called UltraPro, which relied on prompts and required users to enter numerous memorized codes to get information. This computer operated at slow speeds and was limited in terms of the amount of information it could store. …
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February is Black History month, a nationwide celebration of the many valuable contributions that African Americans have made to our nation's rich culture. For our state, this month is a time to reflect on the legacy of the scores of influential black West Virginians. While each of their stories is inspiring, their passion and their individual quests for progress have truly made West Virginia and this country a better place.
Black History Month has incredible meaning in the Mountain State. None of us should ever forget our history; West Virginia was born out of the turmoil of the Civil War, and founded by patriots who shared a united pursuit for justice and freedom for all.
It is here in West Virginia that Dr. Carter G. Woodson who graduated from Douglass High School in Huntington and taught at West Virginia State College founded Black History Week, which later evolved into the month-long celebration we now observe all over this great nation.
Woodson believed that African Americans should have a strong sense of their past, so they could build a strong future. He knew the importance of educating young black men and women about where their ancestors came from and what they endured so that they could grow into productive citizens and leaders in our society.
This month, we salute Booker T. Washington, who worked in West Virginia and championed learning and higher education. We recognize Martin Delany (born in Charles Town), who fought for freedom. We celebrate Ethel Caffie-Austin, West Virginia's "First Lady of Gospel Music" and a native of Mount Hope, as well as jazz musician Bob Thompson both are heroes of the arts and music. We honor Henry Louis Gates, a proud West Virginian born in Keyser who now leads the African American Studies Department in Harvard University, and Tony Brown of Charleston, a television commentator.
We remember the 14 African Americans who were trained at West Virginia State University during World War II. Those West Virginians were among a distinguished group of men who defied those who doubted them, helped bring racial equality to the military, and furthered the cause of civil rights across the United States. Two of the pilots trained at West Virginia State were among the first five Tuskegee pilot cadets, whose story is one of the most inspirational of World War II. Before the formation of the Tuskegee Airman, no U.S. military pilots were African-American.
The passionate work of these pioneers represents only some of the great contributions that black West Virginians have made to our state and our nation. But it is not enough to just remember their contributions, we must allow ourselves to be inspired and challenged by them. Their example of engaged leadership added strength to our communities then, and it will continue to help mold and educate the young people that will become our workforce of tomorrow.
Last month, I was honored to speak at the Martin Luther King Jr. Day celebrations in Morgantown, where I shared some of the values and lessons that Martin Luther King's inspired civil rights work has taught me. I believe the enduring lesson from Dr. King and from all of West Virginia's distinguished African American leaders -- is that we are each capable of making a tremendous difference in the lives of our families, our friends, our communities and our nation. I urge all West Virginians to reflect upon the passionate leadership that has been born right here at home, and to carry on the positive tradition of those who came before us.
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In an earlier post, I commented on Art Spiegelman’s remark that comics are time turned into space. Different moments in time are disposed across the page in separate units, or panels. This idea popped up again in my head as I read what John Ruskin had to say about the painters of the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood, an independent self-styled group of painters who were not “recognized” by the Academy. Ruskin was very sympathetic to their aims.
In a letter to the London Times in 1854, Ruskin praises the PRB by saying, “…[it] has but one principle, that of absolute, uncompromising truth in all that it does..,” and he discusses William Holman Hunt’s painting, Valentine Rescuing Sylvia in detail. Looking at the picture, it’s attention to detail is obvious and remarkable, but it struck me as somehow stiff and unrealistically staged. That’s when Spiegelman’s comment came to mind.
The Hunt painting shows us what we can never see because the elements of the world are always in motion. Not until the development of the strobe light was it possible to “freeze” motion completely, or nearly so, in a photographic image to show us the “reality” behind the blur. Anyone who has been in a disco with a strobe can testify to how bizarre and unreal the dancers look in the light, yet it is their real movement one sees.
Well, what is the real? For the medieval thinker, and those were the ones the PRB would favor, the real, the essence of something was outside of time. A Platonic ideal, not the mere appearance one percieved in everyday life. For an artist, the decision is always, shall I show how things are, or how they appear? In medieval art, the choice was for the former. For the Impressionists and Futurists, to name two, it was the latter. (Of course, each group thought it was depicting the real…)
So, in medieval art, the Idea is the real, and that’s what is shown. Figures are often not to scale – important subjects are bigger, the better to represent what they are. Perspective was not unknown, but not used much, because that was mere appearance. (The renaissance was preoccupied with mathematically precise perspective.) Different moments in time are shown in the same picture, as in my favorite from the apocalypse where we see John both receiving and eating the same book, two chronologically sequential events, in one frame. (To us moderns, it seems he’s eating one book and greedily grabbing for another!)
In later art, the juxtaposition of multi-times is often less explicit. In this famous painting of the Adoration of the Magi by Gentile de Fabriano, the (earlier) procession to seek Jesus is seen in the back of the picture, while the Magi, at their goal, are shown in front. Here, in the detail, we see the three Magi in different stages of adoration: standing, bending to the knee; and on the knees in front of the infant Saviour. It is almost like a sequence of animation frames, and the juxtaposition is intended to refer to motion and the reality of time.
Hunt’s painting shows us one moment, and one moment only. The figures are frozen as if they had been captured in movement by a strobe flash, and the artist achieves this revelation of the reality by his fidelity to truth, and his shunning of mere appearances.
Do comics, with their straightforward acceptance that the artist must depict the idea, and their more realistic way of representing time, direct us to higher truths? Does the matrix of time degrade all ideas to falsity? Is the preoccupation of The Decadents with “the moment” not a decadence, but an aspiration? What do we see?
I think that practically every thought in my muddled head since I was ten years old has been a variation on this merry-go-round of ideas…
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Medicare in the News - Payments to Dead Doctors & other Issues
The Washington Post reported that Medicare has paid millions of dollars for durable medical equipment (DME) prescribed by doctors who were dead at the time of billing. The government established the Medicare Fraud Task Force to try to prevent such abuses, but fraud continues to costs us billions of dollars each year. No wonder health care is so expensive. Senator Norm Coleman - R (MN) said, "...scam artists have treated Medicare like an ATM machine...".
Durable medical equipment (DME) is medically necessary, prescribed by a doctor and is not useful to a person in the absence of an illness or injury, and is appropriate for use in the home.
Look in the phone book or the internet to see all of the suppliers - there is a huge potential for quick profit and unscrupulous suppliers have no problem obtaining beneficiaries’ Medicare health insurance claim numbers. Most DME providers only need a business license and supplier number. Then they need to fill out claim forms verifying medical necessity to Medicare.
• The DME supplier is required to fill out Certificates of Medical Necessity (CMNs) describing products and equipment to be used by the patient. There is a medical information section on the form which must be completed by a physician. This is where fraudulent suppliers can forge the information of deceased physicians.
• When medical necessity has been documented by the beneficiary’s doctor, the Durable Medical Equipment Regional Carrier (DMERC) may purchase or make monthly payments to suppliers for rented DME. Once the equipment is no longer needed the supplier is not entitled to payments and beneficiaries notify the supplier to pick up unused equipment.
Unscrupulous suppliers may obtain Medicare claim numbers fraudulently as a path to pursuing Medicare dollars:
- Beneficiaries are paid for their Medicare number or goods and services are exchanged for the number
- The elderly are preyed on. Be wary of phone calls offering health surveys or health screenings.
- "What is your Medicare number?" - guard and protect this number just as you do your social security number
- Lists of Medicare beneficiaries are obtained from long term care facilities
Discharge planners used to be a nurse or social worker employed by hospitals and medical care centers to help patients transition smoothly from the hospital facility to the home or long term care facility. Today, some erstwhile "discharge planners" in medical centers are actually employees of DME suppliers. Conflict of interest, anyone? Unneeded equipment and supplies are ordered. Federal and private insurers pay the bill. I have personally witnessed this little trick: The beneficiary calls the provider to pick up rental equipment that is no longer needed. The provider doesn't pick it up for months because they can continue to bill for it until they do. Or they can send the wrong equipment and bill for the wrong and right equipment because it was contaminated just by virtue of the fact that it was delivered.
To Report Suspected Medicare or Medicaid FraudIt is illegal and fraudulent to:
Call Toll-free 1-866-726-2916
Call Toll-free 1-866-726-2916
• misuse a Medicare claim number to receive medical care, supplies, or equipment
• To bill federal programs for services not provided
- to bill for a more expensive or Medicare covered item when a less expensive, non-covered item was provided (upcoding)
- Submit duplicate claims for the same service
- provide kickbacks (payments) to doctors for patient referrals
- obtain Medicare numbers through false pretenses (telemarketing, health screenings, medical surveys, or offers of goods and services)
Thank you taurusaficionado for use of photo Scooter Lady.
Recent Blog Posts
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"Service-learning has been successfully used to enhance students’ understanding of motivation theory, authentic assessment, the meaning of active citizenship, interdisciplinary units, and cooperative learning. It can also be effective in influencing preservice teachers’ awareness of multicultural issues, individual differences, and the realities of issues of educational reform and collaboration." 1
—Drs. Joseph A. Erickson & Jeffrey B. Anderson
Service-Learning in the School of Education
- Curriculum Studies and Secondary Education
- Educational Leadership and Special Education
- Literacy, Elementary, and Early Education
Get in touch with the CCE
AAHE's Series on Service-Learning in the Disciplines
"A frequently cited and used resource is the American Association of Higher Education (AAHE) monograph series on service-learning in the academic disciplines published between 1997 and 2005. The series was edited by Edward Zlotkowski, with each of the twenty-one volumes edited by specialists in the represented disciplines. This series is now published by Stylus Publishing, LLC.
The Service-Learning in the Disciplines series provides a collection of exemplary practices of service-learning in specific disciplines, such as history, Spanish, biology, etc, which serve as a guide for faculty within a discipline or field. The discussions presented in the series are written by scholars in the discipline and are supported by research, course models, annotated bibliographies and program descriptions. Each volume includes both theoretical and pedagogical essays and cover a wide range of interests and approaches."
From National Service Learning Clearinghouse Discipline-Specific Service-Learning Resources for Higher Education
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(Kajang, Saturday): The National Economic Recovery Plan (NERP) - the economic salvation plan drafted the National Economic Action Council (NEAC) - made one important recommendation to restore confidence. It repeatedly stressed that as the economic crisis had been "prolonged by the weakening of confidence", steps should be taken to strengthen public and corporate governance and enhance transparency and accountability, with "more frequent release of economic data to allow analyses and to increase transparency".
The NERP even pointed out that in the United Kingdom, the minutes of the Bank of England board meetings are released to the public, while the US Treasury releases economic data at a regular and timely manner.
In less than two months after the release of the NERP, the government seems to have backtracked from this important NERP recommendation of greater transparency and accountability on the "more frequent release of economic data to allow analyses and to increase transparency".
A policy U-turn in this regard is the latest move by Bank Negara Malaysia to loosen disclosure requirements for banks, a backtracking from the previous government goal of developing a more transparent economy.
Newly appointed Bank Negara governor Tan Sri Ali Abul Hassan Sulaiman had told a meeting of chief executives of financial institutions on Wednesday that banks will no longer be required to report their results quarterly but half-yearly, to help them focus on lending activity.
Many had seen the move to report banks' results half-yearly instead of quarterly as a step back in the transparency argument, with many suspecting it to be an effort to mask deteriorating balance sheets until recapitalisation occurs.
The Prime Minister who is also Finance Minister, Datuk Seri Dr. Mahathir Mohamad should make a policy statement whether one of the new post-Anwar economic and financial policy of the government is to publish fewer facts about the Malaysian economy - a move away from greater transparency and accountability as recommended by the NERP?
Yesterday, the new Bank Negara deputy govlernor, Zeti Akhtar Azia said Malaysia's economy will likely rebound from recession next year as new capital controls shield it from global economic turbulence, saying that the government expects gross domestic product to pick up in the final three months of the year and then grow by about one percent in 1999.
I have been asking for the government’s GDP forecast for the third quarter, fourth quarter and its revised GDP forecast for 1998, without any response.
If the Special Functions Minister for Economic Affairs, Tun Daim Zainuddin and the Bank Governor Deputy Governor could publicly forecast a one per cent GDP growth in 1999, why are they unable to make public the government’s GDP forecast for the third and fourth quarters as well as its revised GDP forecast for 1998 - after the disastrous minus 2.8 GDP contraction for the first quarter and minus 6.8 GDP contraction for the second quarter?
The people are entitled to the government’s latest revised GDP forecast for this year, as private economists and analysts have come out with very pessistimc figures.
For instance, a recent Reuters poll of 10 economists have produced a
forecast that Malaysia’s GDP would dive 5.1 percent between 1997 and 1998
and will barely rise in 1999 - with the outlook for 1999 quite uncertain,
anything from five percent growth to another one percent contraction.
Some economists polled thought the currency controls recently imposed would make little difference to gross domestic product growth, because their positive effect was offset by the stifling of foreign investment.
As one economist put it:``On balance, you have room for short-term stimulus. On the other hand, you have private capital inflows getting retarded. So I don't know if net-net we're going to see any impact.''
It is time that the government make public its own revised GDP contraction for 1998 in keeping with the NERP recommendation of greater transparency and accountability with more frequent release of economic data and analsyses.
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gross domestic product (GDP)Article Free Pass
gross domestic product (GDP), total market value of the goods and services produced by a nation’s economy during a specific period of time. It includes all final goods and services—that is, those that are produced by the economic resources located in that nation regardless of their ownership and that are not resold in any form. GDP differs from gross national product (GNP), which includes all final goods and services produced by resources owned by that nation’s residents, whether located in the nation or elsewhere. In 1991 the United States substituted GDP for GNP as the main measure of economic output.
What made you want to look up "gross domestic product (GDP)"? Please share what surprised you most...
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Tuesday, June 12, 2012
Got Early Intervention questions? An expert is here to answer them!
I remember very clearly when I first learned about Early Intervention. Max was a week old, and I was talking with the social worker in the NICU. I had lived many lifetimes in the days since he was born, and my head was finally in a place where I could start looking ahead. This woman told me about therapy services the government provided to kids with special needs; she'd looked up our local EI, and handed me the phone number for the coordinator. I called the same day. Within a month, Max was getting physical therapy.
I credit the therapies Max got through EI with spurring him to crawl on all fours and eventually walk; improving his grasp and generally giving his fine-motor skills a boost; encouraging him to make sounds; and much, much more. Five years after he finished it, I am still grateful for what EI did for hi, and I will forever will be.
Sadly, a lot of kids who need EI aren't getting it—which is where Make The First Five Count comes in. An Easter Seals initiative, it's all about the need for detecting developmental delays and getting kids treatment before age 5, a critical period for development. Each year, more than 1,000,000 kids with unidentified disabilities and delays enter school with learning and health issues that put them far behind their peers. "Pediatricians and childcare providers can help, but there's a lot of room for improvement," says Patricia Wright, Ph.D., M.P.H., National Director, Autism Services and Programs, Easter Seals, who's worked for people with disabilities for 29 years. "Right now, there are about 340,000 kids in EI nationwide," she says. "We think about 1.6 million kids could be eligible, based on data, but aren't yet."
Easter Seals now has a free online Developmental Milestones Screening parents can fill out online to see if kids ages 1 month to 5 years old are developing on time. The questionnaire is endorsed by the American Academy of Pediatrics and funded by CVS Caremark, with whom I've been doing work, through their foundation the CVS Caremark Charitable Trust. It takes just 10 to 20 minutes to complete and you get results within two weeks, along with tailored information if necessary (based on your zip code) about local EI services.
"This screening is for everyone—not just for parents who think there's an issue," says Wright. "You'll find out if your child is hitting social, emotional, physical and intellectual milestones, or not." And if your child needs EI? Well, consider yourself lucky. "We know that if you intervene at age 2, a child will have more success than if an intervention is done at age 6," says Wright. "Kids have so much opportunity for learning in those young years—their brains are so malleable. The delay gap is so much smaller when they're young. Better to get in there and help!"
How did you first find out about Early Intervention? Do you have any questions about EI? Patricia Wright is ready to jump in and answer them!
This is one of a series of posts sponsored by CVS Caremark All Kids Can, a commitment to helping children of all abilities be the best they can be. Like them on Facebook!
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Tampa Bay is quickly becoming the destination to take in a hockey game. Aside from the outstanding weather and the joy of watching Steven Stamkos skate in person, last year the team added giant Tesla coils that would produce real lightning inside the arena. The effect is awesome, as you can see in this video of the coils being used after the Lightning tallied a goal.
However, the Lightning didn't stop at producing real lightning. No, they went a step further - and bigger. The Lightning will now skate under an impressive feat of technology, specifically, a $5 million scoreboard that will change the way Lightning fans take in the game.
The team's new scoreboard will be the largest high-definition, center-hung video display in the NHL. Just how big is it? The two largest sides measure 28 feet high and an impressive 50 feet wide. To help you visualize just how big that is, the board will stretch from blueline to blueline. The smaller sides will feature screens measuring 28 feet high and 20 feet wide. The photo above is an artist's interpretation but you can see the real thing below.
You might be asking, how's the picture on a screen that large. We aren't positive as the true reviews won't come in until after hockey has officially resumed, but based on this picture it's quite lovely.
Kudos to all those involved in the front office in giving the Lightning some truly special and noteworthy features fans can be proud of.
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Zitong长春市朝阳区明德小学, 吉林 JiLin, China
Chengxuan长春市朝阳区明德小学, 吉林 JiLin, China
Runmeng长春市朝阳区明德小学, 吉林 JiLin, China
12 & under
chao wang长春市朝阳区明德小学, 吉林 JiLin, China
Social Sciences & Culture > Education
In our team, Zhang Zitong is the leader. She help the other to finish all and tell them the English what they didn't know. And Li Chengxuan is in Grade Five, she took many pictures, and choose some best upload to the website. The little girl in the Grade Two is lovely, too. She learn many things from two big sisters. They are happy together, and enjoy the life to make it. They think join is the best for them.
We are in China. We help each other from childhood. And in our culture, elder one is the team leader, and the leader or the old guys must take care of young person.So they help to each other and make it well together.
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“I am here in Kandahar on a short vacation,” says the young man, about 27, who we will call Mullah Kalam. His beard is trimmed neat; he is wearing a black leather jacket and a striped beige turban. Kalam has been a student for five years at a religious seminary across the border in Chaman, in the Pakistani province of Baluchistan. Two years into his studies, as U.S. President Barack Obama ordered a surge of 33,000 troops in Afghanistan, much of it focused in the south, Kalam’s family of 11 left their home in Panjwai district, about 40km from the city of Kandahar, to settle in Chaman.
But Kalam’s “short vacations” home, at least twice every year, are no innocent excursions. Panjwai is considered one of the most heavily mined areas in the country. The Taliban have been known to place homemade bombs and booby-traps everywhere—on dirt roads, pomegranate trees, and vegetable fields—and have forced a curfew on locals between 8pm and 8am. Besides Kalam’s religious studies, he has been spending time with “Pakistani explosive experts,” he says. Putting that training to work, he has helped orchestrate about 20 Improvised Explosive Device (IED) attacks.
Complete dispatch here.
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Hollywood actor Armand Assante was one of the speakers in the inaugural World Forum of Spiritual Culture in Kazakhstan’s capital of Astana in 2010.
He was so impressed that a country would hold an event aimed at bringing the world together – and by the remarkable religious, cultural and creative leaders he met there – that he decided to do a documentary about the Forum.
The passion that he poured into the project led to the film winning first place in the Best Short Documentary category at the recent Gasparilla International Film Festival in Tampa, Florida.
Armand began falling in love with Kazakhstan in 2007 when the Kazakhstan Film Festival invited him to Almaty to show his new release “California Dreamin.”
A busy work schedule prevented him from accepting the invitation from festival president Yermek Amanshayev, whose day job is president of Almaty-based Kazakhfilm Studios.
But before 2007 was out, the Hollywood action-film producer Erken Ialgalshev had brought Armand to his native land – and the actor was blown away by what he experienced.
The documentary is not just about an exemplary effort to promote tolerance, however. It’s also a glimpse at key moments in Kazakhstan’s modern history and a mini-travelogue. And for that reason, it’s a great film for non-Kazakhs to see.
I asked Armand if the film would be posted on the Internet for all to see. Not just yet, he said. It will first be entered in other international film festivals, then shown at theaters and other venues. Then, perhaps, it will go online.
The documentary, which Armand wrote as well as produced, looks at some of the bleakest moments in Kazakh history to suggest why Kazakhs have become so tolerant – and thus why their country deserves to host a tolerance-promoting extravaganza like the Forum.
Armand went to Kazakhstan archives to obtain stark photo and film reminders of:
- Josef Stalin’s forced collectivization of agriculture, which led to 1.2 million Kazakhs starving in the early 1930s.
- Stalin’s forced deportation of millions of ethnic groups to Kazakhstan in the 1930s and 1940s, many of whom perished in the harsh conditions of their new home.
- Life in Kazakhstan’s gulags, or labor camps, particularly those in Karaganda and what is now Astana. The gulag at Karaganda, a couple of hours from Astana, was the size of France.
- And the 490 nuclear tests near the city of Semipalatinsk between 1949 and the end of testing in 1991.
Former Washington Times journalist Claude Salhani notes in the film that Stalin deported many of those who came to be known as “the repressed” in cattle cars. They were dumped from the trains onto the steppes with nothing.
“Kazakhs welcomed them with open arms – this is the way they treat foreigners here,” Salhani said. The help that Kazakhs gave the newcomers kept many from starving or freezing to death.
Another journalist who appears in the film is me. I offer a few words about a subject I’ve written considerably about: President Nazarbayev’s decision to end nuclear testing in August of 1991, even before the break-up of the Soviet Union.
That decision, which angered those in the Kremlin, took a lot of guts. But Nazarbayev had seen the human toll of nuclear testing – including what happened to friends who died of its effects – and was implacable in deciding testing had to go.
In his narration of the documentary, Armand discusses another nuclear-related call that Nazarbayev made – his decision to rid Kazakhstan of the world’s fourth-largest nuclear arsenal in the mid-1990s.
It, too, was a gutsy call, with many Kazakh officials believing that only nuclear weapons would prevent their country of 16 million from falling prey to much larger neighbors.
As for the travelogue part of “A Dialogue from the Steppes,” Armand included many scenes of Kazakhstan’s wild beauty – such as Charyn Canyon and Borovoe – plus the manmade beauty of Astana’s innovative new skyline. There’s also footage of such cultural symbols as graceful Kazakh dancers and falconry.
And the film ends with the guttural music of a Kazakh throat singer. As the terms applies, a throat singer is someone who sings with his or her throat instead of voice. It’s an art form that goes back thousands of years.
But the main message of Armand’s film is not culture but tolerance.
“What Kazakshstan has endured in the last 300 years and especially in the last 80 years
is the reason why this country sets a precedent for tolerance and peace initiatives that affect the world,” Armand said his film-festival win.
Much of the message of tolerance in the documentary is conveyed by special people such as Jonathan Granoff, founder of the New York-based Global Security Institute, which seeks to rid the world of nuclear weapons; Zhanar Aitzhanova, Kazakhstan’s former ambassador to the United Nations and former economic minister; Bawa Jain, secretary general of the New York-based World Council of Religious Leaders; Feisal Abdul Rauf, a New York-based imam who has become renowned for trying to improve relations between Muslims and the West; and Tolegen Mukhamedzhanov, who not only is a Kazakhstan senator but is also a celebrated pianist and composer.
I remember sitting with Armand and Tolegen in Armand’s room in the Rixos Hotel in Astana in July of last year, listening to the senator discuss Kazakhstan’s legacy of tolerance.
His musings were almost poetic – and that lyrical tone surfaces in the documentary. In discussing the materialism that has affected much of the world, for example, he says that legend has it that God was once asked to describe someone who is rich. “And God answered: ‘Not he who has plenty but he who does not ask for much,’” Tolegen said.
Armand has told me he admires Tolegen’s creative talents, and the relationship between them has developed into a friendship.
“I am grateful to Erken Ialgashev and Tolegen Mukhamedzhanov for introducing me to their country and for being my partners on the film,” Armand said.
Another Kazakhstan-related project that Armand has been working on is a movie called “All the World at Your Feet.” He is co-producing and acting in the Kazakhstan-financed film, whose main female role is being played by Tolegen’s daughter Karlygash.
Initial plans were for the movie to be dubbed in Russian, English and Chinese to attract a worldwide audience.
Although Armand has enjoyed doing film projects in Kazakhstan, he said the people are the main reason he likes coming back.
Kazakhs “have been fantastic to me personally,” he said. “I have returned there 10 times and I always will.”
Here are links related to this story that you might want to check out:
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Mar. 12, 2013 Heart attack patients given a combination of high-dose oral vitamins and minerals do not exhibit a significant reduction in recurrent cardiac events, according to research presented today at the American College of Cardiology's 62nd Annual Scientific Session. However, the results of one component of the NIH-funded Trial to Assess Chelation Therapy (TACT) study, shows that when combined with active chelation therapy, high-dose vitamins and minerals may provide some additional benefit.
The TACT study tested the safety and effectiveness of both EDTA chelation therapy and high-dose vitamin/mineral supplements in individuals with prior heart attacks.
Previous results presented in November 2012 suggested that chelation treatment, with or without supplements, provided a modest reduction in cardiac events compared to a placebo treatment. These cardiac events were combined and included recurrent heart attack, stroke, coronary revascularization, hospitalization for angina and death.
The presentation today focused on the effects of the vitamin/mineral supplements, with or without chelation, compared to placebo caplets, as well as the comparative results of all four study groups (active chelation plus active oral vitamins, active chelation plus placebo oral vitamins, placebo chelation plus active oral vitamins, and placebo chelation plus placebo oral vitamins).
"We did not see a significant benefit of vitamins alone for patients who had a heart attack," said Gervasio A. (Tony) Lamas, MD, lead author of the study and chief of the Columbia University Division of Cardiology at Mount Sinai Medical Center in Miami Beach, Fla. "Interestingly, patients who received both high dose vitamins and active chelation compared to placebo of both appeared to have additional benefit, but more research is needed to understand the results."
Since 1956, alternative medicine practitioners have used EDTA chelation to treat cardiovascular disease. Chelation therapy involves multiple intravenous infusions of a synthetic amino acid called EDTA, which binds to certain minerals and metals, including calcium, lead and cadmium. The study investigators proposed studying chelation and high dose vitamins as separate and combined components to determine potential individual and synergistic effects of the two treatments.
TACT enrolled 1,708 patients with prior heart attacks who were randomly assigned to an active or placebo chelation group and an active or placebo vitamin group. This 2 x 2 factorial design allowed the investigators to clarify the independent contributions of each treatment. Patients received 40 intravenous chelation treatments (or placebo), each lasting about three hours, over about a year and a half.
They were also assigned to take three pills twice daily, which contained either high-dose vitamins and minerals or placebo. Average follow-up was over four years. About half of the patients enrolled in the trial stopped taking the vitamins during the study follow-up; researchers say patient preference was the leading reason, given the number of caplets taken daily.
The primary comparison of the study, oral vitamins and minerals versus an oral placebo, did not show a significant reduction in the primary endpoint: 27 percent in the vitamin group and 30 percent of those receiving, placebo.
The analysis of the four study groups showed that the active/active arm had 108 (26 percent) events and the placebo/placebo arm had 139 (32 percent) events -- a statistically significant difference.
The patients in the trial were 82 percent male, 94 percent Caucasian and about half were obese. All had experienced a previous heart attack. Thirty-two percent had diabetes, 68 percent had high blood pressure and 83 percent had previously undergone bypass surgery, stent implantation or balloon angioplasty. Patients were followed for an average of 55 months. The trial was conducted in 134 sites in the United States and Canada from 2002-2011.
Upon entering the study, many patients were already taking evidence-based medications: 84 percent took daily aspirin to reduce risk of stroke and heart attack, 72 percent were on beta-blockers to treat high blood pressure and 73 percent took statins to treat high cholesterol.
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Env vars next generation
apenwarr at nit.ca
Mon Dec 27 07:23:04 EET 2004
On Mon, Dec 27, 2004 at 03:46:15AM +0100, Maciej Katafiasz wrote:
> Note that above exclude using any existing solution available right now,
> like GConf, since to my knowledge none has all or even most of
> properties listed. GConf for example cannot make setting be
> per-app-instance, cannot create ad-hoc hierarchies, etc.
For what it's worth, UniConf can do all of these things. So could a trivial
DBus-based daemon. It sounds like you want something like XResources, only
without the X.
> Implementation of these "env vars next gen" (thereafter called EVNG)
> would ideally find its way into OS kernel, just as today's envars did.
Environment variables were particularly trivial to implement in the kernel
because you could pass them into a new program's known-at-startup address
space layout the same way you create argv and the stack. Anything that
changes at runtime is an order of magnitude more complicated, so the kernel
would find it hard to do (and there wouldn't be much advantage to doing it
in the kernel).
I think you should figure out some exact applications that you would use
this for, then find the existing system that's closest to your needs, then
figure out what you need to change in that system to make it do what you
More information about the xdg
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Catholic Activity: Dealing with Disobedience
Ways to cultivate a spirit of willing obedience in your child.
Obedience is another problem which demands honesty from parents as well as from children. It is practically impossible to explain obedience to a very small child. He has to learn it through restrictions and moderate punishments. But along about four (and a wild age it is), he is capable of considering obedience as a real, though intangible, virtue. The ideal way of introducing him to the idea of obedience is the story of the Boy Christ in the Temple. It is perfect because it was an occasion when Jesus was not doing something that was wrong but something contrary to the wishes of Mary and Joseph. Then if we relate it to the Fourth Commandment, "Honor thy father and thy mother," we can show him how, even with Jesus Who was God, the command applied. His perfect obedience returning to Nazareth to be "subject to them" is something to ponder, and we can tell the story in terms of their own lives deciding what chores He probably helped with, what His town was like, His routine (like ours) of work, meals, prayer, play, and rest. And when we read St. Luke's words, "And Jesus advanced in wisdom, and age, and grace, with God and men," we can help them to see that obedience is not just rules to obey but the way to wisdom and grace.
Like everything else, however, it has to be repeated and repeated. One of the big troubles is that we are always demanding obedience now, and not then. Our own inconsistency is often more confusing and blameworthy than their willfulness, and if we are entirely honest we have to admit that many times we abuse obedience by demanding it in things where it is not entirely reasonable. It is good to remember why we want them to be obedient. We are used to thinking of it in terms of living in a society where there are laws to be respected, with obedience at home as training for obedience in the world. But we don't really want to teach them these things just so that they will stay out of jail! We want them to love obedience, because in obedience to duly-constituted authority they are obeying God from Whom comes all authority. And obedience in all things is the way to peace. It is one of the least understood of all the virtues (especially in adult life), one of the least loved, and I think it is the most beautiful. Because it covers everything, and perfect obedience can grow only out of love.
When our children are in a nice quiet mood and we are talking about things in general and get around to saints, one of the things they love most to hear is how St. Thérèse loved obedience so perfectly that if she were writing when the bell rang, she would put her pen down and go, not even stopping to dot an "i." And for a while say, a few hours we have utterly lovely obedience in our house because everyone is imitating Thérèse.
Obedience is not usually so lovely, however. It is dull, no fun, and very, very hard. This is as it should be. We aren't going to grow strong by doing things that are easy. So we can remind them that even Jesus, in the Garden of Gethsemane, wept and sweat blood at the thought of the obedience asked of Him. And He asked His Father to take away the hard thing He was supposed to do. But then He said, "Not My will, but Thine," because more than all other things, He loved doing the will of His Father. Later, when the story of His Passion and Death was written in the Gospels, it was written: "He was obedient unto the end."
So if there has been disobedience, there must be a punishment, and like the Lord High Executioner we must try to make the "punishment fit the crime." Depriving them of privileges is about the best way because it gives them time to reflect about what they might have been doing if they hadn't been disobedient. And when it is time to punish, there must be the understanding that the punishment is retribution made to God as well as to parents. It helps to have it explained.
"You see, dear, mothers and fathers have to be obedient to God's will too. It would be easier, sometimes, to let you do what you want. Much pleasanter for you and less trouble for us. But God has given you to us for a while on earth, and because He wants you to be a saint, we must try to teach you all the things which will help you be a saint. Obedience is one of them. When you are big you will have people you will have to teach. Maybe children, maybe other grown-ups. How will you teach them obedience if you don't know what it is yourself? How will we ever be saints if we are disobedient? Every time you obey, it makes it that much easier to obey the next time because your soul is forming the habit and you are using the graces God sends to help you with obedience. You can learn to love obedience if only you will work at it and pray about it. Remember the obedience of Our Lord when He was only twelve, quite near your own age. Pray to Him and ask Him to help you. He can teach you to love obedience."
Our John is much given to lamenting in the middle of a punishment, "Now things aren't nice any more. Everything's spoiled." Precisely. It started with original sin and everything, but everything, was spoiled, beginning with man's sanctifying grace all the way through the order in nature. Disobedience has only one function to spoil everything.
There is a difference between disobedience and "not paying attention," and it is very easy to fall into this trap and hand out punishment when it really isn't due. Disobedience is a form of rebellion. Not paying attention is a very human weakness (which, I grant you, needs correction but doesn't belong in this class). There is a story told of Susanna Wesley which helps us remember this. She had asked one of her many children again and again to do something, and the child, absorbed in something else, failed to do it. When she asked again, her husband said to her: "Susanna, I have heard you ask that child to do that nineteen times already. How is it you have the patience to ask him the twentieth?"
And she replied: "But at last he has done it; so you see, if I had not asked the nineteen times, he would not have done it the twentieth." It takes that discernment to tell the difference between disobedience and inattention, and that kind of patience. No wonder Susanna Wesley was famous for being a good mother.
Then there are temper tantrums. Not all children have them, although all lose their tempers from time to time. What we are concerned with here is children given to consistent displays of temper (a subject on which I am an authority). Many times a temper tantrum is just another way of trying to obtain attention, and for the very young the best method is to ignore them. Usually leaving them alone to carry on without an audience is more effective than trying to reason. But if it continues (and there are children who come dangerously close to harming themselves in a fit of temper, banging their heads on the floor, etc.), a firm hand is called for.
Activity Source: We and Our Children by Mary Reed Newland, Image Books, 1961
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February 12, 2013
Can't Judge a Bull by the Cover: The Fight for Pit Bulls in Maryland
A Maryland court ruling labeled pit bulls as "inherently dangerous." Owners and advocates are fighting back.
by James Hettinger
Many of Jonathan Mazzetta’s friends and neighbors have met and played with his two pit bull mixes, Samantha and Sunny. His “girls,” he says, are energetic, loving, perfect hiking buddies, and unlikely to show aggression toward any creature except the occasional squirrel.
But one day last April, Mazzetta’s landlord in Baltimore County gave him a week to get rid of his dogs. Maryland’s highest court had just declared pit bulls “inherently dangerous,” stipulating that owners and landlords can, without a showing of fault, be held financially liable for damage done by the animals.
Mazzetta, who runs a small business from his home, was unable to persuade his landlord to let him keep Sunny and Samantha, so he placed them in foster homes. “I personally think the entire thing’s ridiculous,” Mazzetta says.
Animal advocates have blasted the ruling as an example of impractical, ill-advised breed-specific policy that unfairly targets a type of dog based on appearance and reputation rather than a proven tendency toward bad behavior. Before the state legislature got involved, they worried the Maryland Court of Appeals decision would force thousands of pets to be surrendered to already overcrowded animal shelters, where they’d face the possibility of euthanasia.
Indeed, news of the ruling spread “like wildfire” and sparked confusion among landlords and dog owners about how it would affect them, says Jennifer Brause, executive director of Baltimore Animal Rescue and Care Shelter. In the following months, her shelter took in about 40 dogs surrendered as a result of the decision. She fears a Baltimore housing complex’s subsequent ban on pit bull-type dogs could prompt the surrender of another 500.
“It’s punishing good people,” says Brause, recalling one couple with a newborn baby who surrendered their dog because they couldn’t risk losing their home by fighting their landlord. “I’ve seen grown adults come in, just really devastated. … They get the whole lobby of guests and customers crying with them, along with our staff, because it’s just so hard and they don’t have any other options.”
The Maryland SPCA in Baltimore has experienced a 20 percent increase in the number of pit bull-type dogs surrendered, says executive director Aileen Gabbey.
“We adopted out this big, beautiful, blue-gray pit bull named Geronimo,” she recalls. “And the woman had talked to her landlord ahead of time and let him know, ‘I’m getting a dog; this is the kind of dog.’ She brought him home. The landlord took one look at him and said, ‘Take him back.’ So the same day, Geronimo had to come back, which was really sad for everybody.”
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