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Use the strip cup to detect mastitis. Squirt first stream of milk from each teat into strip cup. Inspect for flakes, lumps, and other signs of abnormal milk. Aluminum cup holds 1-1/2 pints and has a handle and convenient hang-up hook, Choice of fine-mesh stainless steel screen or black anodized tray insert. Screen seems to splash less and is handy for straining small amounts of milk. Some vets recommend black tray; they say problems are more visible.
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by Pam Ford Davis
7/03/2012 / Devotionals
God owns it all; look around, everything we have is on loan from Him. It gives me a feeling of security, knowing that God, Creator, has the vast world's natural resources at his disposal. "For every beast of the forest is Mine, the cattle on a thousand hills (Psalms 50:10 NAS)." He numbers the stars and the hair on our heads; yet, He gives us the privilege of sharing our assets in ways of service.
"And when they had approached Jerusalem and had come to Bethphage, to the Mount of Olives, then Jesus sent two disciples, saying to them, 'Go into the village opposite you, and immediately, you will find a donkey tied there and a colt with her; untie them, and bring them to Me. And if anyone says something to you, you shall say, 'The Lord has need of them, and immediately he will send them (Matthew 21:1-3 NAS)."
Jesus had needs; people helped to meet those needs. The disciples were involved. "And the disciples went and did just as Jesus had directed them, and brought the donkey and the colt, and laid on them their garments, on which He sat (Matthew 21:6-7 NAS)." Bystanders, according to Mark 11:5-6, gave the disciples permission. A modern day illustration would involve individuals sharing their personal vehicles to carry people to and from church. Many also transport patients to medical facilities for cancer or dialysis treatments. "The Lord has need."
With God all things are possible! Published articles in Mature Living Magazine, Secret Place, Daily Devotionals for the Deaf, Light from the Word Daily Devotional. Available now in book store: FORGET-ME-NOT DAILY DEVOTIONAL http:/ebooks.faithwriters.com/ebook-details.php?id=520
Article Source: http://www.faithwriters.com
If you died today, are you absolutely certain that you would go to heaven? You can be! TRUST JESUS NOW
JOIN US at FaithWriters for Free. Grow as a Writer and Spread the Gospel.
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Most Popular This Week
Today's Top News
Latest US Solution to Iraq's Civil War: A Three-Mile Wall
BAGHDAD -- A wall U.S. troops are building around a Sunni enclave in Baghdad came under increasing criticism on Saturday, with residents calling it "collective punishment" and a local leader saying construction began without the neighborhood council's approval.The U.S. military says the wall in Baghdad is meant to secure the minority Sunni community of Azamiyah, which "has been trapped in a spiral of sectarian violence and retaliation." The area, located on the eastern side of the Tigris River, would be completely gated, with entrances and exits manned by Iraqi soldiers, the U.S. military said earlier this week.
But some residents of the neighborhood, which is surrounded by Shiite areas, complained that they had not been consulted in advance about the barrier.
"This will make the whole district a prison. This is collective punishment on the residents of Azamiyah," said Ahmed al-Dulaimi, a 41-year-old engineer who lives in the area. "They are going to punish all of us because of a few terrorists here and there."
"We are in our fourth year of occupation and we are seeing the number of blast walls increasing day after day, suffocating the people more and more," al-Dulaimi said in an interview.
U.S. and Iraqi forces have long erected cement barriers around marketplaces and coalition bases and outposts in Baghdad and other Iraqi cities such as Ramadi in an effort to prevent attacks, including suicide car bombs. But the Azamiyah project appears to be the biggest effort ever to use a lengthy wall in Baghdad to break contact, and violence, between Sunnis and Shiites.
The U.S. strategy for stabilizing Iraq now involves persuading Iraqis to live in peace and support their democratically elected government and launching a security plan in the capital that calls for 28,000 additional American troops and thousands of Iraqi soldiers.
On Saturday, one American soldier was killed and two were wounded by a roadside bomb southwest of Baghdad, the military said. A separate roadside bombing, in Diwaniyah about 80 miles south of the capital, killed a Polish soldier late Friday.
Khalid Ibrahim, 45, said the Americans were working hard to divide Baghdad's neighborhoods - something he said he wasn't sure was a good thing.
"This is good if it is temporary, to help the area with security problems. But if this wall stays for the long term, it will be a catastrophe for the residents and will restrict our movements," said Ibrahim, an Azamiyah resident who works at the Interior Ministry.
The U.S. military says it began building the barrier April 10. AP Television News footage from the site on Saturday showed small concrete blocks, piles of dirt and coils of barbed wire on a main street. Eventually, the military said, the wall will be three miles long and include sections as tall as 12 feet.
Community leaders said Saturday that construction began before they had approved an American proposal for the wall.
"A few days ago, we met with the U.S. army unit in charge of Azamiyah and it asked us, as a local council, to sign a document to build a wall to reduce killing and attacks against Iraqi and U.S. forces," said Dawood al-Azami, the acting head of the Azamiyah council.
"I told the soldiers that I would not sign it unless I could talk to residents first. We told residents at Friday prayers, but our local council hasn't signed onto the project yet, and construction is already under way."
In other violence Saturday, two bullet-riddled dead bodies were discovered in Musayyib, about 40 miles south of Baghdad, police said. One of the bodies was found floating in the Euphrates River, and the other was discovered in a deserted area. Both victims had their hands and legs bound, and showed signs of torture, police said.
Australian Defense Minister Brendan Nelson paid an unannounced visit to Iraq and met with Prime Minister Nouri al-Maliki to discuss the coalition's efforts to improve security in cities such as Baghdad, the government said.
Australia has about 1,400 troops in and around the country.
Al-Maliki and Nelson met at the prime minister's office in the capital's heavily fortified Green Zone, and al-Maliki "underlined that Iraqi forces are unified in battling terrorists and outlaws, and are now fighting shoulder to shoulder throughout Iraq," especially in hard-hit areas such as Baghdad and the provinces of Anbar, west of the capital, and Diyala, to the northeast, a government statement said.
© 2007 The Associated Press.
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Reading The Carnivore was an interesting experience for me, because I’ve never been so engrossed in a story centered on characters I couldn’t stand. Both of the protagonists teetered on the border of unbearable, and perhaps it was because I anxiously wanted to see what abyss they’d sink into next, but I just couldn’t get enough. Like the undertow of the flooding rivers the pages describe, each time I turned a page I was sucked further in.
This is the story of a failed marriage, a husband and wife narrating alternating chapters of reflection on their troubled past. It is a story of a shared memory lacking the capacity to heal, existing only as the point of regeneration for a lifelong downward spiral. This fictional trip through the past takes place on the backdrop of the very real Hurricane Hazel, one of the deadliest storms to ever hit southern Ontario. The metaphor of the storm tracks perfectly the course of Ray and Mary’s union; like the citizens of Toronto preparing for the floods, they didn’t know exactly what to expect, were hit with innumerable horrors but somehow managed to survive and, when it passed, felt nothing but relief.
Interestingly, Hurricane Hazel had lost most of its momentum before moving north and breaking up, dropping most of its moisture on Toronto. What hit Ray and Mary was much the same; not a passing storm, but an immense flood that did irreparable damage to their relationship.
As a young ingénue, Mary “hoped, and trusted even, that we could share an extraordinary love, and that would set us apart.” Because her husband had already cheated on her multiple times, Mary comes off as kind of a sucker, and her resentment at committing to her sinking ship of a marriage only grows into deep-seated bitterness as she ages. The only time I sympathized with her character was in relation to Ray, a very particular kind of monster. Completely devoid of any redemptive quality, Ray is eaten by his own selfishness, trapped in memories of his past and hurting everyone along the road to the future, left only to ask himself: “Will something change if I relive it enough times?”
The most remarkable thing about The Carnivore was that, through all of this, I wanted to keep reading. Desperately. Sinnett creates such a vivid and honest picture of Ray and Mary’s world that reading the book feels something like looking over their shoulders during the course of their relationship. Because it moves along at such a furious pace, however, I never felt like I was stuck too long in a room with an arguing couple and needed to escape. Though my first reaction was that the ending was somewhat anticlimactic juxtaposed against the action of the novel, it fits; in a story where sheer, white-knuckle survival is key, the real triumph is that they survived each other.
Bonus! Mark Sinnett reading from The Carnivore:
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Western Canada’s rising petroleum production is killing manufacturing jobs in the East, creating an economic rift in the country, affecting trade with the U.S., and rendering the economy vulnerable to fluctuating oil prices, says Antonia Zerbisias in The Star.
Posts Tagged ‘canada’
Citing concerns about cheap materials and shoddy work in the construction of the first Keystone pipeline, Mike Klink, a former TransCanada employee says, “Pipelines can and do stand the test of time,” but not, he says, pipelines built by TransCanada.
American physician Elizabeth Rosenthal recently took a trip to Canada to observe the nation’s health care system in action, up close and in person. While Rosenthal concedes that it’s not a perfect system, she strongly believes it’s the direction we need to go.
In a satirical video advisory purportedly from Transport Canada (it’s actually a spoof by the Rick Warren Report), a hapless traveler is humiliated and abused by TSA agents. We’ll leave it to the viewer to decide whether it’s hilarious or hits too close to home.
It was 1960 in Saskatchewan, and the American Medical Association pulled out all the stops to defeat Tommy Douglas a candidate promising to introduce universal health care, says Christopher Flavelle in Slate. Flavelle says Canada’s fight over health care reform closely mirrors our own.
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Quietly, behind the scenes, the groundwork is being laid for federal government confiscation of tax-deferred retirement accounts such as IRAs. Slowly, the cat is being let out of the bag. Last January 18th, in a little noticed interview of Richard Cordray, acting head of the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, Bloomberg reported "[t]he U.S. Consumer Financial Protection Bureau [CFPB] is weighing whether it should take on a role in helping Americans manage the $19.4 trillion they have put into retirement savings, a move that would be the agency's first foray into consumer investments."Translation of this Orwellian poli-speak: The CFPB "is weighing whether it should" means, "We are going to as soon as we can make it politically possible." Continuing:
By 2010 Bloomberg published an article titled "US Government Takes Two More Steps Toward Nationalization of Private Retirement Account Assets." In that article Patrick Heller observed that, with Democrat control of Congress and the Presidency:The whole source piece is detailed: The Feds Want Your Retirement Accounts
[I]n mid-September 2010 the Departments of Labor and Treasury held hearings on the next step toward achieving Ghilarducci's goals. The stated purpose was to require all private plans to offer retirees an option to elect an annuity. The "behind-the-scenes" purpose for this step was to get people used to the idea that the retirement assets they had accumulated would no longer be part of their estate when they died.So the Government would get the money, not the estate or family of the people who saved the money during a lifetime of work. That's a one hundred percent death tax on savings. Worse, the most responsible and poorest families will be penalized.
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Banned Books Week begins this year on September 24. I understand how this annual event can be a celebration for the book-lovers, authors, librarians, and free thinkers of America – a set of folks I’m ordinarily happy to join hands with. Nobody likes a censor, but the more I’ve thought about the bannning of books these days in the USA, the more it seems there’s more to the issue than a simple knee-jerk answer to determining who should read what. So I went into 317am’s vault and pulled out a blog post I wrote about this time last year.
As I said then, it occurs to me that book banning is essentially a dirty hands problem. In the aftermath of World War II Jean-Paul Sartre wrote a play called Les Main Sales (Dirty Hands) in which the protagonist, a true believer in his cause, sets out to assassinate a duplicitous political leader in a fictional country for what seem excellent reasons. Things turn out to be not so simple, however. For one thing the would-be assassin discovers when he gets up close as secretary to the politico that the target is a pretty good guy. This situation, in which morality seems to belong to opposing sides of an issue, has become known in philosophy as “the problem of dirty hands.”
What does this have to do with banning books? Let me explain. It’s easy to feel righteous in opposing the banning of books. Who in America ever uses the word “censorship” in a positive way? In fact, one subtextual meaning of Banned Books Week is clearly National Librarians’ Feel Good Week.
But maybe things are not as simple as Censorship Bad, Open Stacks Good. Should libraries make all books available to readers of all ages? Should 10-year-old lads, for example, be able to sign out Fanny Hill? Perhaps lines need to be drawn, principles articulated, and tough calls made. Perhaps the role of public institutions in providing content to the masses is inherently different from what we’d expect from private institutions.
These thoughts are rattling around in my brain as I recall a time when I found myself playing the role of censor, one that doesn’t suit me at all. Still, I learned to eat my spinach and liver as a boy, and sometimes you just do what you have to do.
Here’s the background: I was once head of a State Department public-diplomacy office that published books about the USA for foreign audiences. Let’s not use the word “propaganda,” but just say that all our content was designed to create a positive perception of this country. One of the ways we’d done that for many years was to repurpose content from the private sector; we selected the best of what was being thought and said in America and published it overseas – or so I liked to think.
My troubles arose just after we’d produced an acclaimed book called Writers on America. For this project we’d commissioned 15 big names (the likes of Richard Ford, Julia Alvarez, Billy Collins, Michael Chabon) to write an essay on what it means to be an American author. It was such a hit that five years after publication a pirated Chinese edition was a top ten best-seller in China. The State Department’s field posts that distributed the books – embassies, consulates, information resource centers – clamored for more like this. In the afterglow, my staff and I conceived an ambitious project, an anthology of poetry, essays, and fiction by the best young American writers. It would have been a kind of 20 under 40 project, years before the New Yorker editors cooked up the idea of conglomerating the best fiction by writers under age 40.
We solicited younger writers’ names from experts, hired readers to recommend suitable selections, and filled a filing cabinet with potential content. Excellent stuff in my view. We were just about ready to proceed with buying copyrights to the works we wanted when I pulled the plug. Why?
There was one big problem. About half the pieces we were considering contained more profanity or graphic sex than I was comfortable with. Let me distinguish here between me as myself (virtually unshockable, tolerant of free speech to a fault) and me as a publisher working for the U.S. government in the Bush administration.
As I was pondering the profanity problem, a Bush appointee in the Department of Health and Human Services took away a grant to a Vermont public television station that had done a show on the book Heather Has Two Mommies. Karen Hughes, an Under Secretary of State at the time and my boss if you went three levels up, had just declined to continue funding Hi magazine, a State Department magazine aimed at young Arabs. I was not privy to her reasoning on why this project had to end, but I know that it did not help Hi’s chances that the first month Hughes arrived on the job, there had been a fusillade of conservative-columnist outrage at an article about “metrosexuals” that the magazine’s hip young New York-based editor had run.
We did consider bowdlerizing the pieces for our anthology in various ways. But somehow a story with lots of bleeps and blankety-blanks did not do it for me. The profanity and the sex in most cases seemed integral to the literary effects. And what kind of free country would the USA be if our most avant-garde literature were peppered with asterisks?
So I did what all good bureaucrats do: I put the project on hold. Which so far as I know – I’ve moved on to other things since then – is where it sits today.
Analyzing this decision afterward, a decision I still do not feel good about, I realized that while the Bush appointees set a framework for decision-making that influenced me, it wasn’t really an ideological approach to culture that governed here. When the Obamaites arrived years later with a new set of mantras, I did not rush to the filing cabinet to revive our pet project. No, by then I knew that no administration could be expected to attempt to explain the value of a book like this once Rush Limbaugh started ranting about it on the air. In retrospect, I can see that Sophocles might say the whole idea for this project is permeated with hubris.
Years later I read a book by Harvard Business School professor Joseph L. Badaracco Jr. titled Defining Moments: When Managers Must Choose Between Right and Right, and I began to understand the situation I’d groped my way through. Badaracco is big on what he calls “right versus right decisions.” He plumbs the wisdom of Aristotle, Machiavelli, Nietzsche, and other big thinkers to help leaders analyze the thickets of these kinds of decisions.
Machiavelli was the most helpful. The leader of an organization has a responsibility above all, says Machiavelli, to keep the organization alive. Therefore he does not have the luxury of simply applying his own moral principles, whatever they may be. He needs to analyze the decision from all angles and weigh the interests of all parties and consider the paramount goal – organizational survival. That’s what I did. I only wish knowing that Machiavelli would approve made me feel better.
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If at anytime you would like more information than is provided in our Quick Report for JEFFERSON EL, feel free to order JEFFERSON EL Premium Report which further expands on the information already provided in the Quick Report and includes additional helpful measurements and statistics.
1831 MOUNT ZION AVE, Janesville, WI 53545
Grades: KG-5 Type: Public Enrollment: 303 JANESVILLE PUBLIC SCHOOLS
Some academic experts claim that there is nothing "extra" about it. Extracurricular activities allow students to explore their interests and cultivate their talents – arguably the most critical component to any educational environment. More than a way to explore individuality, extracurricular activities are a practical application of class room knowledge that ultimately helps students transfer from school into the "real world."
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Family support throughout treatment
Even though your loved one enters treatment, you may still be frightened about what happens next, and how to behave during and after treatment. To address these issues we provide the CRAFT program once a week, by phone or in person, for family members. The CRAFT program is an evidence based approach that helps family members improve their own lives, and teaches them how to deal with their loved one in a manner that either helps motivate the loved one into treatment, or supports continued recovery upon discharge.
CRAFT was developed by Robert J. Meyers, Ph.D., at the University of New Mexico:
If you are able to do so, we encourage your regular attendance in sessions with your loved one at Reunion San Diego. Families from out of town often visit for several days or more, to take advantage of this opportunity. We can also include you by phone. These sessions are specific to your family situation and not generic “education” sessions. Before family sessions can be helpful your loved one may need several days or more to adjust to the rehab environment, particularly if detox is involved.
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Publicado el 07-17-2012
The Importance of the
Everything indicates that the presidential campaign in the United States of America, which will climax on November 6th, is getting to be exceptionally important. This depends, of course, of the way in which, day by day, the events unfold around both candidates, the one running for reelection, Barack Obama, and Mitt Romney who is, practically, the Republican candidate although there are institutional details still missing to consider him as the official candidate of that party.
It seems that the theme of the economy in the nation as well as around the world will be the crux of the presidential campaign. Certainly, the economy has achieved and continues to achieve proportions that could be considered serious. Right now the United States has a debt of more than $15 trillion, which continues to increase on a daily basis, and on which very high interests are paid every month to the creditors, the most important of which is China. Since the beginning of the fiscal year in October 2011, until June of this year, the United States has paid interest on U.S. treasury notes and bonds, Savings Bonds and Series of state and local government bonds, of more than three hundred seventy five billion ($375,867,511,477.84). Obviously, this is a situation that can not go on, at least from the point of view of what is basic or elementally convenient for the nation.
Those who in both parties are able to present sensible and patriotic ideas about the present situation should do so with the goal of protecting the high interests of the United States beyond partisan conveniences or those of both candidates.
On their part, the voters must make an effort to analyze carefully the reality of the situation and the viewpoints of the candidates, not being influenced by ads that are often deceitful, almost scientifically prepared to confuse the voters in some way. It is not easy to confuse everyone, because there are many groups and individuals who for a long time now have been analyzing the situation with level headedness, at least in the most important aspects. It should be taken into consideration the need that the voters have an opportunity to orient themselves well in the midst of such difficult circumstances, because electoral campaigns in many aspects are manipulated by individuals who are very capable in politics, who master ways to deceive and confuse the voters. Of course, to confuse them exclusively on behalf of the candidate for whom they are working.
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ESC/EAS Guidelines for the management of dyslipidaemias: the Task Force for the management of dyslipidaemias of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and the European Atherosclerosis Society (EAS).
; ; et al
in European Heart Journal (2011), 32(14), 1769-818
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) due to atherosclerosis of the arterial vessel wall and to thrombosis is the foremost cause of premature mortality and of disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) in Europe, and ... [more ▼]
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) due to atherosclerosis of the arterial vessel wall and to thrombosis is the foremost cause of premature mortality and of disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) in Europe, and is also increasingly common in developing countries.1 In the European Union, the economic cost of CVD represents annually E192 billion1 in direct and indirect healthcare costs. The main clinical entities are coronary artery disease (CAD), ischaemic stroke, and peripheral arterial disease (PAD). The causes of these CVDs are multifactorial. Some of these factors relate to lifestyles, such as tobacco smoking, lack of physical activity, and dietary habits, and are thus modifiable. Other risk factors are also modifiable, such as elevated blood pressure, type 2 diabetes, and dyslipidaemias, or non-modifiable, such as age and male gender. These guidelines deal with the management of dyslipidaemias as an essential and integral part of CVD prevention. Prevention and treatment of dyslipidaemias should always be considered within the broader framework of CVD prevention, which is addressed in guidelines of the Joint European Societies' Task forces on CVD prevention in clinical practice.2 - 5 The latest version of these guidelines was published in 20075; an update will become available in 2012. These Joint ESC/European Atherosclerosis Society (EAS) guidelines on the management of dyslipidaemias are complementary to the guidelines on CVD prevention in clinical practice and address not only physicians [e.g. general practitioners (GPs) and cardiologists] interested in CVD prevention, but also specialists from lipid clinics or metabolic units who are dealing with dyslipidaemias that are more difficult to classify and treat. [less ▲]Detailed reference viewed: 8 (0 ULg)
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Sewanee educates men and women for an ever-changing world by developing their general intellectual capacities, especially the capacity to continue learning. Immersed in a myriad of glorious details—sonnets and sonatas, experiments and graphical representations, primary sources and historical narratives—students explore who they are and who they wish to become while expanding their abilities to reason, create, understand, and explain. Such an education develops in graduates the flexibility of mind they will need to prosper in our 21st-century world.
Led by faculty who already know the path well and who want to share the joy of discovery, students begin to read carefully and with new insight, to analyze arguments and evaluate theories, and to write and speak with clarity, precision, and style. While the Mountain's ancient splendor quietly informs all academic pursuits at Sewanee, scientific studies of the environment and the natural world gain special pertinence in this setting. The university Domain’s 13,00-acre expanse of woodlands, fields, caves, and watercourses offers students unparalleled access to a living laboratory.
Students at Sewanee also look far beyond the Mountain. They study a foreign or classical language, entering another cultural world in the process; they explore the human past and the politics and economies of contemporary human societies; and they scrutinize the aesthetic and cultural legacies of human civilizations including literary and religious texts and traditions. Both in and beyond the classroom, Sewanee students are encouraged to confront ultimate questions, to consider matters of the heart and spirit as well as intellect. They participate actively in the creation of both art and knowledge, and in so doing, gain abilities and attributes that will serve them well regardless of where their journeys take them. At Sewanee, we believe that rigorous study in the liberal arts offers students the best preparation for a life of leadership, service, and learning.
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http://academics.sewanee.edu/
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Authors: V. Christanto
While nowadays it is almost trivial to prove explicitly that there is exact correspondence (isomorphism) between Dirac equation and Maxwell electromagnetic equations via biquaternionic representation, nonetheless their physical meaning remains open for discussion. In the present note we submit the viewpoint that it would be more conceivable if we interpret the vierbein in terms of superfluid velocity. Furthermore using the notion of Hodge bracket operator, we could find a neat linkage between Dirac equation and Klein-Gordon equation. From this viewpoint it seems possible to suggest a generalised unified wave equation from relativistic fluid dynamics, which is thus far never proposed. Furthermore, the present note argues that it is possible to derive an alternative description of gravitational phenomena from Aharonov effect in relativistic spacetime, which then could be used to explain anomalous gravitational phenomenon known as Podkletnov's experiment. Further experimental observation to verify or refute this proposition is recommended. For clarity, each new equation in the present note, which never appears before elsewhere, is denoted by (#) notation.
Comments: recovered from sciprint.org
[v1] 25 Mar 2007
Unique-IP document downloads: 12 times
Add your own feedback and questions here:
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<urn:uuid:242cf6be-0fd5-44cc-b739-f3f04c0c254a>
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CC-MAIN-2013-20
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http://vixra.org/abs/0703.0025
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Dog Lovers, there should be at least one in every family. In our family it is more like the 101 Dalmatians -- except the 101 run the gamut from AKC to mutt, but always loved. My personal family tree of dogs begins with Skipper, who slept beside my bed in his own little doll bed;then came Rusty, the Irish setter, with her long red feathers flowing behind her. She was followed by two more setters, Luella and Splinty. At WSU, our family (really I) acquired Gwendolyn, a golden shepherd-cross of some kind. She sat beside me in trees while I read books, and could spot every Arctic Circle between Pullman, Washington and our southern Oregon home.After twelve faithful years, Gwendolyn passed from this world, but in her footsteps arrived another shepherd cross, Maggie, my love. It was said by many that Maggie had an old soul --- and she left this world too soon. Then came my Germans (shepherds, of course); Katie, a charming black and tan; Jake, a rangy, long-haired black shepherd; and now Colldubh, my old-style long-haired black shepherd. These are, and have been, my friends, and each in their turn my ever constant companion --- never far from my side.
In my family of origin, it might well be said, "love me, love my dog." Setters, Samoyeds, Mastiffs, Shepherds, Border Collies, Shih Tzus, Silky Terriers, Heelers,and just Dogs have graced our lives and kept us in tune with that bit of wonderment that gives you unconditional love and trust --- just to teach us how to give that back to the world in which we live.
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CC-MAIN-2013-20
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http://rootsnleaves.blogspot.com/2010/12/carnival-of-genealogys100th-theres-one.html?showComment=1291253658168
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Spanish Speakers Needed for 2012 Presidental Primary Elections
As mandated by Section 203 of the 1975 Voting Rights Act, the Montgomery County Board of Elections is seeking individuals with Spanish speaking fluency to serve as election judges at polling places on Primary Election Day, Tuesday, April 3, 2012.
Judges must be registered to vote in the State of Maryland, 18 years of age or older, and a U.S. citizen. Judges must also be able to speak, read, and write in English. Montgomery County residency is not a pre-requisite to serve. All judges will be compensated for training and for Election Day service.
If interested please contact the Montgomery County Board of Elections at 240-777-8532, download an election judge questionnaire from our website at www.777vote.org, or e-mail Dr. Gilberto Zelaya at email@example.com.
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http://rockville.patch.com/announcements/spanish-speakers-needed-for-2012-presidental-primary-elections
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Full Fetus (Third Trimester) Description
[Continued from above] . . . outgrown its food supply, since the placenta has stopped growing and cannot keep up with the growing need for nourishment. In the last three months, the brain develops very rapidly. In the last two months, a fatty substance called myelin develops. This speeds up the transmission of nervous impulses and forms a sheath around the nerve fibers.
All this time, the baby is gaining more weight. It sheds the down which covers most of the body and the hair on its head may grow very long - long enough, in fact, that the mother may tie a ribbon in a baby's hair right after birth.
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Suspected Nazi war criminal John Demjanjuk is fit enough to be held in jail until such time as he goes on trial, German prison doctors say.
Mr Demjanjuk, 89, was flown to Germany on Tuesday from the United States, where he waged a long battle against deportation, partly on health grounds.
But a spokesman for Stadelheim jail in Munich said "doctors have determined he is fit to remain in custody".
He faces charges of being an accessory to the deaths of 29,000 Jews.
The arrest warrant was read to him hours after his arrival in Germany.
His lawyer, Guenter Maull, said the suspect had sat in a chair while the 21-page warrant was read and translated into his native Ukrainian language.
Mr Demjanjuk "showed no emotion, with few facial movements" but had understood the charges, he said.
He denies accusations that he worked as a guard in the Sobibor Nazi death camp in Poland during World War II.
Mr Demjanjuk, who settled in the US in 1952, says he was captured by the Germans in his native Ukraine during the war and kept as a prisoner of war.
'In good shape'
He is being kept under medical observation to allow experts to determine whether he is fit to go to trial - an assessment which may take weeks.
But deputy prison director Jochen Menzel said Mr Demjanjuk was in strikingly good condition.
"He is not typical for his age... he is in better shape than usual for an 89-year-old," he told German news channel N24.
His lawyers had argued in US courts that he was too frail to be deported, but the US government, which secretly shot footage showing him walking without assistance, argued he was fit to travel.
An appeals court ruled against him, saying it was satisfied that he would be provided with adequate care.
Mr Demjanjuk arrived in the US in 1952 as a refugee, settling in Cleveland, Ohio, where he worked in the car industry.
In 1988 he was sentenced to death in Israel for crimes against humanity, after Holocaust survivors identified him as a notorious guard at the Treblinka death camp. But the Israeli Supreme Court overturned that conviction and he returned to the US.
Prosecutors now say they have documents which prove his Nazi background, including an SS identity card which shows he was posted to the death camp in Sobibor in 1943, and many witness testimonies.
Mr Demjanjuk's deportation was welcomed by observers.
Wolfgang Benz, head of the Centre for Anti-Semitism Research at Berlin university, welcomed Mr Demjanjuk's deportation.
"This is about guilt, about avenging a crime, about responsibility for a criminal act," he told told Deutschlandfunk public radio.
"Whether this old man who possibly is in a pathetic state spends his last years in a prison hospital or does not serve his sentence due to ill health, that's of secondary importance."
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http://womanrebel.blogspot.com/2009/05/demjanjuk-fit-to-stay-in-jail.html
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From Ohio History Central
Group portrait of Socialist Party members gathered for the Socialist Convention and Eugene V. Debs picnic in Canton, Ohio, 1918.
During the late nineteenth and the early twentieth centuries, socialism attracted many Americans. Socialists called for an economic system that removed greed from the people. Rather than working to attain the most wealth, socialists hoped that Americans would work together to benefit the common good. They also desired public ownership of utilities and transportation systems. Socialists did not necessarily want to make all Americans politically, economically, and socially equal. Rather, they wanted to have Americans, as a whole, working together to benefit all Americans. Some Americans would be deserving of more than other citizens, but no American should prosper by denying his/her fellow citizen the basic necessities of life.
The socialists' message became especially welcome among the working class, including factory workers who endured harsh working and living conditions. In 1912, as many as one-third of the American Federation of Labor's members favored socialism. Socialism became so popular that the Socialist Party of America originated. Among its more prominent members was Eugene V. Debs. Another prominent supporter of socialism during this era was author and muckraker Upton Sinclair. Sinclair hoped to convince Americans through his novels, including The Jungle and Oil!, to adopt socialism. Due to socialism's increasing popularity, both the Republican and the Democratic Parties reached out to workers and sought to improve working conditions.
In Ohio, socialists attained limited success. Progressives, who sought to improve the working and living conditions of Americans, originated in the state before the socialists gained a foothold. In 1911, socialists managed to gain control of the mayoral seats of a few communities, including Canton, Lima, Barberton, and Lorain, but socialism's popularity quickly declined in the state, as many prominent socialists opposed United States involvement in World War I. Socialists remained active in the United States through the 1920s and 1930s, but their numbers quickly dwindled during this same period.
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Unless it's a growth spurt, it can be a sign of reflux. The sucking action keeps reflux down. Silent reflux, meaning there is no or little spit up, is like when you get stomach acid in your throat. It tastes nasty and feels like heartburn. Sometimes a pacifier will work too, but some kids don't like pacifier - or the milk keeps the icky taste down. Certainly we are not doctors, and it could be something else. Reflux is often worse in the evening, but that wasn't the case with us. Even with Rx formula we had to use gas drops before and after every feeding, burp frequently during feeds - like every 10 swallows, and not bend her over at the stomach, keep her upright for 20-30 minutes after each feed (think swing/carseat).
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Themed "Breaking New Ground"
, the three-day summit is informed by the desire and need for business and governments in the three continents to find new solutions to global economic problems. The AAE Summit offers an opportunity for Africa to position itself as an important market of almost 1 billion consumers. In the wake of recent global economic challenges, this event will also present itself as an opportunity for Asian and European governments and companies to find new markets and sources of supply outside their traditional ones. Similarly, African businesses and governments will take the opportunity to identify new partnerships and to seek investment across every sector.
"With Africa being a fast growing economic block and with the continent commanding the numbers in consumers that it does, it is important for Africa to begin to realise its worth and to be able to build value out of it. This event is the platform to explore these opportunities. It will be an event where open and frank discussions can be held with the aim of finding constructive solutions to the world's growing problems and for the partnerships that can be built around Africa, Asia and Europe. It also promises to be a catalyst for the problem solving process. Furthermore, the discussion must enable Africa to begin to take up a different role in world economic affairs. Africa must develop a new understanding about its role in the world and utilize that to reduce poverty and its dependence on aid." Said Garikai Nhongo, MD of Egoli Communications
The Summit will:
- Present a critical assessment of current trade and investment climate in Africa and address specific policy issues that confront the Asian and European public and private sectors in the African market place,
- Assess the risks of doing business in Africa by giving practical case studies and policy frameworks
- Identify specific intra- and inter- regional needs in Africa and encourage multi-lateral co-operation between international investors and role-players, business practitioners and policy makers,
- Identify and review the need for trade-related technical assistance and capacity-building in terms of partnership with Africa,
- Showcase key development initiatives to the private & public sectors of the many commercial opportunities on both continents,
- Offer an international platform for Asian, European and African enterprises, business leaders, policy makers and academics to share ideas and build confidence and/or consensus around developing creative and sustainable business relationships.
- Provide an assessment of current economic issues and how those can be mitigated taking into particular view the Greek and Spanish debt crises and the growth of the Chinese and Indian economies.
The summit has attracted about 3000 delegates, 48 speakers and over 200 exhibitors from 61 participating countries in the Aviation, Agriculture & Agro-processing, Automobiles, Banking, Biotechnology, Chemicals, Construction & Materials, Development Finance, Electronics, Engineering, Food & Beverages, Forestry & Paper, Healthcare & Pharmaceuticals, ICT - Information & Communication Technology, Infrastructure, Manufacturing, Mining & Metals, Oil & Gas, Public Sector Entity, Retail, Telecommunications, and Tourism & Leisure sectors. Through the exhibition, trade partnerships will be created and opportunities will be traded across the floor. Given the summit's multi-sectorial approach towards trade and investment, there are numerous opportunities for players in the participating markets to extract value.
For more info please visit www.africa-asia-europe.com
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Video Contest Winners Share "Why Not?" to Drink Alcohol Underage this Spring Break
March 11, 2009
TALLAHASSEE—Generation Y’ers from near and far submitted videos for the Department of Business and Professional Regulation’s 2009 “Why Not?” Spring Break Video Contest. At a press conference today, Secretary Charles W. Drago, along with partners and prize sponsors, announced the three winning videos that best share the message of why not to drink underage this spring break. No taxpayer or licensee money was spent on this campaign, and the winning videos are featured on the DBPR Web site at MyFloridaLicense.com.
The DBPR “Why Not?” Florida Retail Federation First Place Winner is Brandon Gainforth, a student at West Ottawa High School in Holland, Mich. The DBPR “Why Not?” Charmer Sunbelt Group Second Place Winners are Andrea Likens and Kiersten Lampe, students at Deltona High School in Deltona, Fla. The Tri-Eagle Sales Third Place Winners are Paul Murphy, Dylan Parker, Caitlyn Chrisco and Will Harvey, students at Wakulla High School in Crawfordville, Fla.
“I am proud of these winners’ hard work and courage in sharing why they choose not to drink this spring break,” stated Secretary Charles W. Drago. “It was an honor to stand beside such talented and creative people with the common goal of preventing underage drinking.”
The “Why Not?” video contest provides a peer-to-peer platform for underage youth, ages 14 to 20, to address underage drinking during spring break. Teens could submit 30-second videos on why they choose not to make alcohol a part of spring break plans. Using YouTube.com and SchoolTube.com, the initiative was intended to use current technology and facilitate peer-to-peer communication as a part of the Division of Alcoholic Beverages and Tobacco’s education and prevention efforts.
The contest would not have been possible without partnerships with SchoolTube.com, which provided a national resource to promote the contest at no cost, and the Department of Education, which reached out to educators throughout the state to share the contest with students. Prize sponsors also played a key role in providing an extra incentive to contestants by providing Best Buy gift cards.
The mission of the Division of Alcoholic Beverages and Tobacco is to keep alcohol and tobacco out of the hands of underage persons, to ensure that licensed establishments are in compliance with the laws and rules regulating the industry in Florida, and to collect taxes and fees related to these industries. ABT is housed within the Florida Department of Business and Professional Regulation.
The original files of the videos are available upon request, and winners are available for interviews. For assistance, please contact Communications Director Jenn Meale at 850-922-8981.
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The open Society “Bashneft” is the unique large Russian oil company which is not incorporating oil refining factories.
The primary activity of the open Society “ANK” Bashneft is concentrated on the Republic Bashkortostan territory. Deposits in this region are developed since 30th years of the last century. The degree of the development of initial total resources of oil is estimated in 80 %.
The exhausted resource base doesn’t allow the company to stabilize oil recovery. For increase in stocks in 1997 of “Bashneft” has created enterprise “Bashsibneft” which is connected in the development of oil and gas resources with the Western Siberia. However, for this time this project hasn’t given expected result. Extraction on the West Siberian deposits got by the company considerably lags behind planned targets.
The production association “Bashneft” has been created in 1932. In January, 1995 the production association has been renamed to open joint-stock company “Bashneft”. As a result of privatization about 63 % of actions remained in the Republic Bashkortostan property, 28,3 % have been distributed on the closed subscription among the labor collective, 5 % have got the administration.
The development of the West Siberian deposits
Aleksandr Korsik-CEO of Bashneft
Aleksandr Goncharuk-Chairman of the Board
In connection with high degree of clarity of the Bashkir deposits the management of the “Bashneft” has made the decision on expansion of a raw-material base at the expense of acquisition of perspective sites in Western Siberia. In the beginning of 1997 the company has founded “the Western-Siberian representation” which has settled down in Nizhnevartovsk area. The representation of the “Bashneft” was carried out gathering of the information on the enterprises of the oil-extracting branch working in Siberia, and was connected in an establishment of contacts to local administration. In the end of 1997 on a basis of “the Western-Siberian representation” Joint-Stock Company “Bashsibneft” which founders became ANK”Bashneft” and “the Tyumen joint-stock social bank” have been created.
In May, 1998 of “Bashneft” has won licenses for the right of development of 6 perspective sites in Khanty-Mansiysk the autonomous region largest of which are Kirsko-Kottynsky and Hazaria.
In June, 1997 the agreement on joint-stock company “Belkamneft” creation which founders became ANK “Bashneft” (50 % of an authorized capital stock), the State Committee of the Udmurt Republic under the property (43,5 %) and joint-stock company “the Udmurt republican foreign trade firm” Baikal “(6,5 %) has been signed.”Bashneft” has brought property, the equipment and money resources in an authorized capital stock of”Belkamneft”, the State Committee of Udmurtiya has given to the new enterprise a package of licenses for the right of oil recovery to republic territories, and firm” Baikal “has paid the received share of actions only money resources.
Bashneft oil storage
Joint-Stock Company “Bashneft-TNK”
On February, 9th, 1998 “Bashneft”, “the Tyumen oil company” Crown Investment Ltd. (Great Britain) have signed the contract on Joint-Stock Company “Bashneft-TNK” creation. The new enterprise is formed for coordination of joint deliveries of oil on Bashkir NPZ and development of oil and gas deposits of the Tyumen region. The individual share of the parties: “Bashneft” – 35 %, the multinational corporation – 35 %, Crown Investment Ltd. – 30 %.
In 2001 “Bashneft” has sold the share in “Bashneft-TNK”, in 2003 of the multinational corporation also left structure of shareholders of this enterprise.
Oil recovery in the Orenburg region
In March, 2008 of “Bashneft” has won auction on the right of investigation and extraction of hydrocarbonic raw materials to the Kitajamsko-Blagodarovsky site in the Orenburg region. The starting price of a site has been established at level 0,2 billions roubles, “Bashneft” has offered for it 1,54 billions roubles. During auction 67 steps have been made. Except “Bashnefti” Open Company “Tatneft-northern” and Open Society “Bashneftgeophisica” participated in auction.
The volume of the taken reconnoitered stocks of oil within the Kitajamsko-Blagodarovsky site makes 1,6 million tons preliminary estimated – 3,6 million tons. The taken reconnoitered stocks of gas make 2,8 billions for the cubic m preliminary estimated – 2,7 billions for the cubic m.
Company’s financial results
|Revenue, USD bln||100,1||101,1||121||139|
|Net income, USD bln||11,5||13,1||10,8||16,1|
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<urn:uuid:24222da0-c0c7-4bb4-aa32-a0981d603373>
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CC-MAIN-2013-20
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http://russianoilcompanies.net/bashneft/
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| 0.909361
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Cool Facts About Cold Cuts
Most deli-style meats fall into the cold-cut category, including bologna, turkey, ham, salami, pastrami, corned beef, and roast beef. Some of these are traditionally high in fat. But as with other high-fat foods, manufacturers have found ways to offer lower-fat versions.
These tips will help you shop for healthful cold cuts:
Choose products that are low in sodium and get no more than 30 percent of their calories from fat. Turkey and chicken products usually are lowest in fat.
Turkey pastrami and turkey salami are more healthful choices than beef and pork varieties--and they have similar flavor.
Sliced meat has less fat than chopped, pressed, or loaf-type cold cuts.
Single servings of cold cuts vary from one to six slices. The nutritional information may seem good until you learn that one serving is one thin slice.
Always check the fat content. A "light" or "lean" product can be relatively high in fat, as can a single serving that's low in calories.
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nettlesome, plaguy, vexatious, bothersome, pestiferous, vexing, offensive, exacerbating, annoying, teasing, infuriating, galling, pesky, aggravating, irritating, displeasing, disturbing, exasperating, plaguey, pestering
- Oh, you are maddening! - "The Master of the Ceremonies", George Manville Fenn.
- Because she does not love him; and the way in which he treats her with his horrid jealousy is maddening. - "King of the Castle", George Manville Fenn.
- The prisoner's presence was maddening in a million ways. - "Rung Ho!", Talbot Mundy.
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| 0.904836
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Google says it's working to keep the virtual lights on for businesses that are being incorrectly labeled as "closed" on Google Maps. The issue was raised in a New York Times article that profiled a handful of businesses that had been temporarily labeled closed on Google Maps, apparently due to what Google product manager Ethan Russell calls "malicious or incorrect labeling."
"About two weeks ago, news in the blogosphere made us aware that abuse -- such as ‘place closed’ spam labels -- was occurring. And since then, we've been working on improvements to the system," Russell wrote on the company’s Lat Long Blog.
The problem appears to be that it's pretty easy to report that a place is closed on Google Maps. Anyone can do it with just a few clicks, and according to the Times, it only takes a few reports of a place being closed to change its status on Google Maps.
I decided to put the Times’ theory to the test by reporting a coffee shop near my home as “closed.” The shop, “The Bean,” closed its doors this year, but the store and its second location, which closed long ago, were both listed as open for business as places on Google Maps.
By simply clicking on "Report a Problem" and reporting the store as closed, the deed was done. Almost instantly a "Reported to be closed" label began appearing under the Bean's name. I closed both of the now-defunct Beans and saw the same result -- instant virtual closure.
It should be noted that the label is followed by the words "Not True?" which links to a dialog to send more feedback to Google and contest the closed label, but it could be a while before Google actually reads it. When I reported both Beans to be closed, I checked the option to be notified when Google reviews my closure report. It's been about an hour and there's nothing but radio and e-mail silence from Mountain View, Calif.
In the engineering mind-set at Google, they already have a system in place to deal with the issue.
"When there is a pending edit that indicates that a place might be closed, our system currently displays the label, ‘Reported to be closed. Not true?’ Russell wrote in the blog post. "Only when that pending edit is reviewed and approved does the label change to, ‘This place is permanently closed. Not true?’ "
That difference may be obvious and distinct to a Google employee, but to the rest of the world that's just looking for a cup of joe, the words "reported to be closed" are more than enough to convince me to keep driving past the Bean and on to another store.
Russell says Google is working on the problem and that the company will implement improvements to the system in the next few days. More transparency would be a good place to start -- perhaps a label that says "Reported closed by xx users" followed by a disclosure that spam labeling is a known issue. Also, it only seems right that business owners get a robocall letting them know their business has been reported closed and asking for confirmation.
Some sort of extra diligence only seems fair. After all, no one should be able to close in two clicks a business that took years to build.
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Already the winner of two TAS Golden Ear Awards (by HP in 2003 and me in 2004), the latest version of the Tri-Planar tonearm is long overdue for more formal recognition in these pages.
A classic of analog design, the Tri- Planar was the brainchild of a rather eccentric watchmaker and amateur bigband trumpeter named Herb Papier, who was also an expert calibrator of chronometers for the U.S. Navy. Back in 1967, Papier started tinkering with a tonearm project he hoped would solve the three major challenges he saw facing arm design: adjustable azimuth, adjustable VTA (vertical tracking angle), and a bearing that would sit at the same plane as the record. Over the next many years, Papier built pre-production units for friends, and at the 1981 Consumer Electronics Show debuted what was then called the Wheaton Decoupled Arm. Papier renamed the arm Tri-Planar to more accurately reflect his work with the three planes of tonearm geometry, and continued to refine his concepts. (As early Tri-Planar owners can attest, there were sometimes fuzzy lines between different iterations of the arm, though Papier would gladly upgrade older versions for a reasonable price.)
In 1994, a 23-year-old audiophile named Tri Mai was teaching art at a Minneapolis college while dreaming of purchasing his own Tri-Planar. (Mai, who is half French, escaped Vietnam at age nine with 25 other “Boat People.” Eighteen survived the journey.) After obtaining his dream arm, Mai began phoning Papier with questions about the finer points of setup and design. The men started a correspondence, and in 1998 Papier invited Mai to visit him at his home in Maryland. Mai stayed a week, sitting at Papier’s side, watching (and occasionally helping) him assemble a few of the handmade Tri-Planars.
By 1998, Papier’s health and handarm dexterity were weakening, making it difficult to execute his work with the precision required. He again invited Mai to visit—this time for a three-month stretch. It was at some point during this trip that Papier invited Mai to carry on his legacy. It took another six-month visit to work out the details of the transfer, during which Papier taught his protégé everything about the Tri-Planar (then in a Mk VI incarnation), ensuring that Mai could build the tonearm to his exacting standards. After acquiring Tri- Planar, Mai moved the operation to Minneapolis.
“I’m privileged that he picked me,” Mai told me. “Several companies were bidding on the arm for its prestige and reputation, but they weren’t interested in carrying on the integrity of the design. I was, but I also think Herb chose me because I was younger and wouldn’t mess with it,” he added with a laugh.
Papier died in 2003, at age 83, just about the time that Mai—then in his third year of production—introduced the Tri-Planar Mk VII, which includes many of its inventor’s last thoughts on the tonearm. (A stipulation in their contract put a seven-year freeze on the design, after which Mai may incorporate his own ideas.)
I’ve now lived with the Mk VII for close to two years, with the Clearaudio and Redpoint turntables discussed below, as well as two cartridges—the Cardas Myrtle Heart and Shelter 90X (both of which will appear in a future column). Naturally, different platforms and cartridges will yield different overall results, but several identifiable characteristics of the Tri-Planar remain constants.
Where earlier editions of this arm were known for delivering great solidity, focus, and superior staging, they were tonally on the dark, lush side of the sonic spectrum, and added a velvety romance to the sound. Grant you, I have nothing against romance, and would take a beautified sound over a sterile one every time. What’s special about the Tri-Planar Mk VII is that it retains the signature weight and focus of past designs, has even better holography, detail, dynamic range and nuance, and yet it also brings along a much greater sense of tonal neutrality. Simply put, like the best of today’s components, the Tri-Planar gives the impression that there is less electromechanical stuff between you and the music. With this arm, full-bodied instruments, such as Janos Starker’s cello in the Bach Suites [Speakers Corner/Mercury] and Roy Haynes’ drums in Analogue Productions’ stunningly good 45rpm pressing of Thelonious Monk’s Thelonious in Action, have the dimensional body, power, and gravity to suggest a fine facsimile of the real things. The sound of Haynes’ drums on the Monk record is especially lifelike, while, say, Milstein’s Stradivarius in a Bach Partita [DG] or the delicately struck triangle, caressed hollow-body electric guitar, and breathy aspects of Ella Fitzgerald’s voice in “Good Morning Heartache” [Clap Hands, Here Comes Charlie!, Verve] retain their natural delicacy and lightness, and yet have a strong physical presence. Never before in my experience has a reproduced triangle sounded at once so percussive yet whisper-soft.
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The Hydroponic Kitchen Island includes a secret pull-out drawer where users can grow garden-variety herbs their in the kitchen without the need for tons of sunlight. Created by Peter Buley, the design includes two LED grow lights inside the compartment, and the discrete drawer can hold up to 24 small pot plants. When it’s closed, the Hydroponic Kitchen looks like any other kitchen bench.
Buley’s concept was first explored in 2010, and now the 2012 model is much more refined, modern, and sophisticated.
Click through the thumbnails below to see more images of the design.
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Search the Store
Updates & Specials
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The Story in the Story was given at the Good Shepherd Community Church in Toronto. The recording includes an informal talk and a conversation on the key themes found in Tolkien's Lord of the Rings
Ralph C. Wood is University Professsor of Theology and Literature at Baylor University. There he has taught award-winning courses that are devoted to the relation of Christian faith to imaginitive literature. He is the author of The Comedy of Redemption: Christian Faith and Comic Vision in Four American Novelists., Contending for the Faith: The Church’s Engagement with Culture, The Gospel According to Tolkien: Visions of the Kingdom in Middle-earth and Flannery O’Connor and the Christ-Haunted South.
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There is optimism amongst researchers that Bilingual Neurons could now reveal the secrets of brain disease. University of Montreal and McGill Universities have made a new discovery. It is that of ‘cellular bilingualism.’ This is the allowing of just a single neuron to use more than one method (normally two hence the ‘bi’) of communication in the exchange of information.
“Our work could facilitate the identification of mechanisms that disrupt the function of dopaminergic, serotonergic and cholinergic neurons in diseases such as schizophrenia, Parkinson’s and depression,” was stated in writing recently by Dr. Louis-Eric Trudeau of the University of Montreal’s Department of Pharmacology and Dr. Salah El Mestikawy, who is pertaining to a researcher role at the Douglas Mental Health University Institute. She is also a professor at McGill’s Department of Psychiatry.
With much of the details of their research now published in the Nature Reviews Neuroscience Journal, there is definite cause for the optimism they are showing. The results of their research and papers show how a large deal of the neurons of the brain find it possible to control function in the activity of the cerebral through using two chemical messengers.
This simultaneous process is synonymous with neurotransmitters. The name they have attributed to this messaging system is ‘contransmission.’ Detailed in the results of Dr. Trudeau is how; ‘The neurons in the nervous system both in the brain and in the peripheral nervous system are typically classified by the main transmitter they use.” The doctor detailed how different neurons use different chemicals to aid the ‘contransmission’ process with for example; dopaminergic neurons using dopamine as a transmitter. This means of communication is used in many areas such as in learning and motivation.
Where the research sees benefit towards the identifications that will assist in uncovering the reasons behind brain disease is, where there is a breakdown in the process or a ‘malfunction.’ They have found that this breakdown is evident in mental illnesses such as Parkinson’s disease or in Schizophrenia. The researchers have found that the information is being relayed in two ways, but in the diseased brain the information is transmitting not on a simultaneous basis. Depending on the chemical being used by the neuron the time scale under which the information is delivered is different.
If for example glutamate is being used for the transmission of the message along with dopamine then the glutamate message will take longer to get the message to where it is needed.
The same process was found in the brain by the research team when neurons use serotonin (Of particular importance to depression sufferers) and acetylcholine. These chemicals are used in the transmission of information pertaining to controlling aggression, food intake, mood and impulsive actions. They have uncovered that there is an imbalance here when Parkinson’s disease is present along with the addiction to drugs.
“We know very little about the role of ‘contransmission’ in disease, and the regulation of behaviour, however,” it was warned b y Dr. Trudeau. The doctor vowed; “That will have to be the subject of future studies.”Learn how I beat Depression
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Accounts & Transactions
All your accounts and transactions are managed in the Register. Support for banking and credit accounts are built in. Banking accounts will give you an up to date balance and reconciled balance. Each account can even have its own currency.†
Group your accounts however it makes sense for you
Account Groups allows you to group your accounts together for better organization. Chose groups that make sense for you. Someone may have Business and Personal accounts, where another may have Banking and Credit accounts. Each group has its own subtotal. Feel free to make as many groups and accounts as you want, and order them which ever way makes sense to you.
Transactions are grouped by their date. Each date row displays the running balance for that day. The balance as of any specific transaction can be viewed by pressing-and-holding a transaction. Edit a transaction by simply tapping it. Delete it by swiping. Reconcile a transaction by tapping the reconcile check box. You can even hide reconciled transaction through the options popup located within the header.
Create transaction, transfers, or copy a memorized transaction for commonly used payments. For those of you who really like to keep things organized, split transactions allows you to fine-tune your purchase records. When creating transfers between accounts, the records are linked, so making a change will be affected in both accounts.
Most finance management apps allow a payee, and some even a category. None, however, allow you the flexibility and ease like iReconcile. Payees and categories only need to be entered once. After that, iReconcile remembers your entries, and will suggest options as you type. It will even remember what category you selected for your payees! Subcategories are fully supported; simply enter your category and subcategory separated by a semi-colon(for example “Utilities: Cable” or “Vehicle: Fuel”), and iReconcile will handle it from there. Budgets and Reports will even know when you’ve used subcategories.
If you schedule your memorized transactions, you can use the “Look-Ahead” feature in the register to see what your register will look like in the next month. You will see all future transactions as if they were posted to the register (in pale blue for distinction). Even the daily balances will display correctly.
† Currency support is provided for each account. Any account may use any region supported by your device. iReconcile does not utilize currency conversion, so reports and budgets must be run separately if multiple currencies are being used. Currently, currency support is limited to only the register. Budgets and reports do not utilize currency information at this time.
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Milpitas Keeps Connected
May 05, 2005
The mesh network empowering first responders in the California city didn't initially reach everywhere, but with handoff help from NetMotion, everyone can now stay connected.
As a fire truck races to the scene, the metropolitan Wi-Fi keeps emergency personnel in contact with dispatchers at home base. Crucial information is relayed. Then the truck crosses out of wireless range. The connection goes dead.
This is very bad.
But there is a solution, in the form of a seamless handoff between the metro Wi-Fi network and a wide-area network such as those provided by the big cellular carriers. With the right technology and the right business arrangements, the fire truck can speed on through the night, oblivious to the boundary at which Wi-Fi drops and WAN begins.
Seattle-based NetMotion Wireless says it has crafted such a solution in Milpitas, Calif., in cooperation with local authorities and Wi-Fi mesh network designer Tropos Networks. The solution enables seamless roaming over the town's entire ten square mile MetroMesh-based network for police officers and firefighters. Other municipal workers such as building inspectors, traffic engineers and code enforcement officers also have seamless roaming access to city and utility applications.
"Now, if police and fire are responding to a call that is not in that city core, they don't lose connectivity to their dispatch applications," says Aaron Burnett, vice president of marketing at NetMotion Wireless. "Instead, what will happen is that they will simply roam using our software over to a wide area connection and continue what they are doing. It means that MetroMesh can be a truly mission-critical offering for them."
City officials say this function goes right to the heart of their telecommunications needs. "It is essential that our officers be able to move securely and seamlessly between our metro-scale Wi-Fi mesh network and our other wide area networks," says Bill Marion, information services director for the city of Milpitas, in a release announcing the deployment.The commercial prospects for such a system go well beyond metropolitan emergency-systems deployments, and could have big implications for the Wi-Fi market.
Gartner researchers have said that by 2007 more than half of Fortune 1000 enterprises will be using a minimum of five wireless networks each. It's unlikely that either the big telecom companies or the Wi-Fi providers will be able to satisfy all these diverse needs for a given enterprise, "so some enabling technology that makes it possible to go from one wireless network to another is going to be absolutely critical," Burnett says.
Analysts give some credence to this logic, though they say the market may be slow in coming.
When Jupiter Research asked enterprise executives about WLAN/WAN roaming in March 2004, 30 percent of companies with wireless deployments or planned deployments said they would be interested in such a feature. A July 2004 survey nearly repeated that result, with 25 percent of respondents expressing interest, according to Jupiter researcher Ina Sebastian.
Jupiter senior analyst Julie Ask sees positive signs in the form of interest from both municipalities and WAN carriers. "There will be some demand for this, depending on what types of networks municipalities roll out for their emergency response units," she says. "The wireless carriers will also be looking to put these types of services in place for Wi-Fi-to-WAN for voice calls and data."
That's essentially what happened in Milpitas. Cingular already was involved in fulfilling the city's WAN needs, but the municipality wanted roaming capabilities to keep its dispatch applications up and running over a wide geographic area. Lacking the in-house technology, Cingular brought in NetMotion Wireless to fill the gap.
Others are in the running for this market. IBM's WebSphere Everyplace Connection Manager, for example, fills many of the same needs. Burnett speculates that the winners will be those who possess not only the appropriate technology, but also the ability to map that technology to a client's specific business needs.
For those looking for compete, there may still be time while the market takes shape, Ask says. "The enterprise and municipal markets are still evolving," she notes. As to a more widespread enterprise demand for WAN/WLAN roaming, she says, that could take even longer. "Overall, there just isn't high demand for wireless broadband from consumers ... so local- and metro-size networks may be the [most likely] applications in the near term, as opposed to national-level service."
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The metaphor is apt for Geographical reasons in addition to those economic, social, and political. At least according to my Eighth-grade Pennsylvania History class.
Consider the positions of the Thirteen Original Colonies, how they stretch along the Atlantic. If you imagine an arch stretching from Massachusetts (part of which became Maine) to Georgia, why then, Pennsylvania is the middle of the arch.
Okay, so you're looking at a map, and clearly, any arch shaped after our Thirteen Original Colonies would not hold much weight. But, Pennsylvania is in the middle if you were counting each state as evenly sized bricks...
You see, the Keystone is in the middle. That's why Altoona, PA can call itself the Keystone City of the Keystone State (purely on the geographical in this instance, I must confess). It's in the middle of the state.
Pretty damn clever, huh.
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Scouting in Africa - An Overview
Today there is Scouting in almost every country of the world, including 37 African countries. The Movement is almost 100 years old, and still growing.
Scouting is a specific system of non-formal education for the development of young people and the improvement of their communities.
Scouting has demonstrated remarkable effectiveness in adressing challenges facing young peopl in developing countries. Scouting adapts to local needs: Scouting in the United States looks quite different than it does in Kenya, Senegal, or Russia, for example - but Scouts everywhere share the same Educational Methods and fundamental principles.
The educational method of Scouting was born and tested in Africa. Its values and principles are well respected by African societies and cultures.
Scouting is not recreation, uniforms or prescribed activities. Scouting is personal development, leadership skills, and helping others in meaningful ways. Scouting is an investment in the future.
Some special characteristics of Scouting
- Scouting succeeds because of the dedication of volunteers. Resources are needed in Africa to help make this volunteer dedication effective and productive.
- Scouting offers an infrastructure, without a bureaucracy.
- Scouting has a grassroot network of youth and adults which in many countries does not exist outside the school system.
- Scouts help each other. For many years, there have been excellent projects of cooperation between Scouts in Africa and Scouts in other continents. Schools have been built, health care provided, adult resources granted, and countless friendships across borders have been formed.
- Scouting is a force for peace through the values it instills, the education it provides, and the cross-cultural bridges it builds locally, nationally, and internationally.
Scouts in Africa are proud of their work in fields such as job skills training, child health care, integration of the disabled, small enterprise development, literacy, agricultural productivity, land-mine education, polio, leprosy, Oral Rehydration Therapy, rehabilitation of street children, HIV/AIDS awareness education and many more success stories.
Scouting, (the activities), how it is done (the method) and the reason why it is done (the purpose)
The objective of the 10 Year development plan is to ensure that by the year 2011, all National Scout Organisations /Associations will have:
Proper management of a Scout organisation is critical for the success of Scouting every where. This need is particularly urgent in Africa where resources are meager and competition for them is high.
To equip leaders with the necessary skills to mobilise necessary resources to support the growth and development of Scouting in Africa. Scouting in Africa suffers greatly from inadequate resources both material and human. Whilst this is partly as a result of the general situation in Africa, it is also partly due to inability of national Scout organizations to identify, interest and attract necessary resources to finance the expansion of the Movement.
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Respooling 120 film onto 620 spools for use in older cameras
All photos and text © 2000 Glenn E. Stewart. All rights reserved.
This page last updated: 01/23/2000
So you found an old camera while cleaning out Grandma's attic. Does it still work? If the shutter operates smoothly, chances are you can still take photos with it, and surprisingly good ones, at that. The two biggest problems you'll encounter are finding film for it and getting the film processed once you've exposed a roll.Some of the older cameras take 120 film which is readily available in camera stores that serve professionals as a large segment of their clientele. Some of the older film formats are discontinued and not available anywhere. Others, such as 620 and 127 are available... at a price. 127 is a unique size and can't readily be respooled from another currently available film format, but 620 is almost identical to currently manufactured 120. The only difference is the spools on which the films are wound. If you can find a supply of 620 spools, you can make your own 620 rolls from 120 rolls with just a little bit of work You may want to practice this technique in the light with a 'sacrificed' or 'dummy' roll of film before starting on one you want to use in the camera.
On the left side of the above photo, note that the end flange of the 620 spool is much thinner than the one on the 120 spool. Also note that the axle of the 620 spool is much smaller in diameter than the axle of the 120 spool. This will cause a small length mismatch when winding the 120 film onto the 620 spool. A technique for dealing with this mismatch will be illustrated later. The distance between the flanges is the same, so there will not be any light leaks around the edges of the film if the respooling is done correctly.
The drive hole in the end of the 620 spool is quite a bit smaller than the one in the 120 spool. If the 120 film is loaded directly onto a 620 camera, this may cause the spool to lean sideways and jam, or it may cause the film not to wind correctly in some cameras. Respooling isn't very hard. It's better to go ahead and respool, rather than chancing malfunctions from using the wrong kind of spool in your camera. 620 spools can be found at yard sales ($2 for the old Brownie and the spools inside it), on the internet or at camera shows. You might ask a local lab that handles larger film sizes to save some for you. A last resort is to buy a couple of rolls from one of the outfits that specializes in film for old cameras. Once you have the spools, you can respool any type of 120 film onto them. This gives you a very wide variety of choices: Color or black and white negative film and color transparencies (slides) can all be had for standard prices, instead of the inflated prices charged for specialty 620 film.
120 spools have the same size slot through the axle when viewed from either side. 620 spools, above, have a long, narrow slot in one side and a short, wide slot in the other side. This dictates which direction the paper backing is inserted into the spool. You'll need to be able to feel the spool and distinguish the difference in the dark.
You'll need an absolutely DARK room for the remainder of the job. An interior bathroom without windows, a closet or a basement room can be used, but it must be DARK!! Any light that can be seen after a few minutes inside with the lights turned off can damage your film and must be blocked off.
Start by cutting the wrap tape at the start of the 120 roll, remove it and discard it.
Start unrolling the backing paper and let it curl up neatly in your other hand.
As you unroll the backing paper, you will soon feel the start of the film. Those who do their own medium format (another name for this size film) darkroom work will know that it is taped to the backing paper. This is easy to feel in the dark. Let it pass and continue to roll the paper and film from the spool to your other hand.
After some distance (about 3 feet (1m)), you will feel the end of the film. This end is not taped. Continue to roll up the film until it is off the 120 spool and in your other hand. Set aside the 120 spool.
Pick up the 620 spool and feel the axle to find the long, narrow slot. This the side where you'll start to insert the backing paper.
Push the paper all the way through the spool until it protrudes from the short, wide slot. Note the taper of the paper. This is why the slots are different lengths.
Be careful to center the paper between the spool flanges.A bad start here will cause BIG problems later. If the paper is crooked or offset to one side, it won't spool correctly and you'll have difficulty getting the entire roll on the spool. You'll also get light leaks.
Shortly after you begin rolling the paper onto the 620 spool, you'll have to tuck the tail end of the film between the paper and the spool. be aware of this and feel for it. If you miss it, the film will end up outside the paper.
After you get the film tucked in between the paper and the spool, the next 3 feet of spooling will go quite rapidly. Be careful to keep the paper centered between the spool flanges and keep it tight. Note that the frame numbers on the backing paper are the same as those on 620 film. The frame numbers will appear in the little red window on the back of many old cameras. Since the 120 and 620 films are nearly identical, you won't need to make any corrections for framing with your respooled film. Operate the camera just as you would with factory-produced 620 film. The numbers at the top (12 and 13 here) are for cameras that shoot a 6x4.5cm (2 1/4 x 1 3/4 inches) format, the ones in the middle (9 and 10) are for cameras that shoot 6x6cm (2 1/4 x 2 1/4 in) format and the ones at the bottom (6 and 7) are for 6x9cm (2 1/4 x 3 1/4) format cameras.
This is where the job gets a bit tricky. Since the 620 spool is smaller in diameter than the 120 spool, the paper and film don't wind up at the same rate. This causes a mismatch in winding that appears as a hump in the film.
If you continue to wind the film without removing the hump, the tape will kink. When you put the film in your camera, this kink can catch inside the camera, jamming the film advance.
To get rid of the hump and prevent the tape kink, carefully untape the film from the backing paper, but leave the tape attached to the film.
Now you can roll up the remainder of the paper which will automatically cause the start of the film to be retaped to the backing paper in the correct position. Remember to keep the paper tight on the 620 spool as you respool it.
Using a piece of cellophane tape, secure the end of the respooled roll. The cellophane tape replaces the paper tape you removed and discarded when you unspooled the film from the 120 spool. This step can be omitted if you want to immediately place the film in your camera.
If you won't be using the film immediately, it's a good idea to mark it with the film type. Kodak uses the same backing paper for many film types and only identifies it on the paper band you removed from the original 120 spool.
You're finished! Now you have the vast array of 120 film emulsions from which to choose and you can put that old camera back into action. Those who process film at home will take care of themselves with respect to development, others can take their film to a lab that processes medium format film. It can also be sent to Kodak or other labs by using pre-paid mailers Either way, be sure to request that the 620 spool be returned to you for future respooling. This is easier when taking the film to a lab than when using mailers.
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Sleep apnea occurs when breathing stops for brief periods of time while a person is sleeping. It can last for 10-30 seconds, and may occur up to 20-30 times per hour. During one night of sleep, this can cause up to 400 episodes of interrupted breathing.
Every time you stop breathing, you interfere with the normal patterns of deep sleep. The quality of sleep that you get is greatly impaired. Your level of alertness and your ability to pay attention may be seriously affected.
If you have sleep apnea, you are also more likely to have:
There are several kinds of sleep apnea. These include:
Obstructive Sleep Apnea
This is caused by a temporary airway obstruction. This blockage may be partial or complete. Obstructive sleep apnea can occur when the tissues of your throat relax too much and cave in on each other. If you are overweight, then your excess tissue might be putting too much pressure on your airway, causing it to collapse. You may have a deviated septum , nasal polyps , large tonsils, or an elongated soft palate and uvula that obstruct your airway while you are sleeping.
For children, enlarged tonsils and adenoids are the most common reason for obstructive sleep apnea.
Central Sleep Apnea
This occurs when the lower brain stem fails to send signals to the muscles that control breathing. Conditions that cause problems with the lower brain stem include certain types of polio , encephalitis , stroke , brain tumors , and other diseases that affect the brain and central nervous system. For children, the most common reason for central sleep apnea is prematurity.
Mixed Sleep Apnea
Mixed sleep apnea includes aspects of both obstructive and central sleep apnea.What are the risk factors for sleep apnea?What are the symptoms of sleep apnea?How is sleep apnea diagnosed?What are the treatments for sleep apnea?Are there screening tests for sleep apnea?How can I reduce my risk of sleep apnea?What questions should I ask my doctor?What is it like to live with sleep apnea?Where can I get more information about sleep apnea?
- Reviewer: Rimas Lukas, MD; Michael Woods, MD
- Review Date: 06/2013 -
- Update Date: 06/03/2013 -
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Gov. Christie's faulty math
Barely four months ago, New Jersey Gov. Chris Christie championed small-government principles in his keynote address to the Republican National Convention: "We believe in telling hardworking families the truth about our country's fiscal realities, telling them what they already know: the math of federal spending does not add up. With $5 trillion in debt added over the last four years, we have no other option but to make the hard choices, cut federal spending and fundamentally reduce the size of this government."
Surely, Gov. Christie is aware the math of the Hurricane Sandy relief bill does not add up. It adds to the record national debt. It avoids hard choices. It increases federal spending. It entrenches bloated government. But instead of walking the walk on his small-government talk, he has berated his Republican brethren in the House for refusing to rubber-stamp a pork-filled, $60.4 billion bill that does little to ease the pain of Sandy victims up and down the East Coast in the short term. And longer-term, it irresponsibly puts people, businesses, and government employees and infrastructure back in harm's way.
Read more of this story and more!
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||This article needs additional citations for verification. (December 2009)|
In Greek mythology, Deiphobus (Δηίφοβος) was a son of Priam and Hecuba. He was a prince of Troy, and the greatest of Priam's sons after Hector and Paris. Deiphobus killed four men of fame in the Trojan War.
According to the Iliad (books XII, XIV, XXII), in the Trojan War Deiphobus, along with his brother Helenus, led a group of soldiers at the siege of the newly-constructed Argive wall and killed many, and wounded the Achaean hero Meriones. As Hector was fleeing Achilles, Athena took the shape of Deiphobus and goaded Hector to make a stand and fight. Hector, thinking it was his brother, listened and threw his spear at Achilles. When the spear missed, Hector turned around to ask his brother for another spear, but "Deiphobus" had vanished. It was then Hector knew the gods had deceived and forsaken him, and he met his fate at the hand of Achilles.
Some accounts hold that it was Deiphobus and Paris who ambushed and killed Achilles while luring him to their sister Polyxena. After the death of Paris, Deiphobus was given Helen as a bride for his deeds in the war, defeating the bid of his other brother, Helenus. Some accounts say the marriage was by force. When the Trojan Horse was in the city, Deiphobus accompanied Helen as she walked around the horse, calling out the names of the Greeks within in the voices of their wives, because she did not want to look like she was helping them. Menelaus and Odysseus had to hold the men inside back from responding. During the sack of Troy, Deiphobus was slain by either Odysseus or Menelaus, and his body was mutilated. Some accounts say it was Helen who killed him, or that she celebrated his death. Most accounts seem to indicate that, unlike her other two husbands, Helen didn't love Deiphobus and decided she would rather return to Menelaus.
In Virgil's Aeneid, Deiphobus, horribly mutilated during the sack of Troy, appears to Aeneas in the Underworld. He tells him the story of his death, which entails Helen's betrayal in signaling Menelaus to Deiphobus's bedchamber. He was mutilated in the sack of Troy. While with Aeneas, he begs the gods for revenge against the Greeks.
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Over the course of history, as we have moved our campfires into our homes, there, the hearth has represented these very same things. The family hearth has been the center of activity because of its warmth and practical use for food preparation. We love to watch the dancing flames as the fire's warmth flows into the deepest and coldest parts of our bodies. Sitting in front of the hearth on a cold wintry day gives us a feeling of warmth and security. It makes us feel like all is right with the world.
In most cultures a Candle in the Window was used to signal a Family's loyalty to a loved one who was away traveling. It let that person know the family awaited their return and the hearth was warm and waiting for them1. In Ireland during times of religious persecution, the Window Candle signaled the location of religious services2.
In Colonial America a Candle in the Window was used to honor dignitaries, announce births and just plain celebrate (Hodges and Miley Theobold p. 42)3,4. Every Christmas in Williamsburg Window Candles are illuminated in each window of the homes and businesses in that community to commemorate an old fashioned Christmas (Hodges and Miley Theobold p. 38)3. Many other cultures around the world practice the Candle in the Window Tradition."
This Christmas, place a candle in your windows and let it signal to your neighbors that you are part of the celebration of Christmas. Let it warm the deepest, coldest part of you. Let it be a light shining to signal your loyalty to the Christ Child.
Therefore, let your light so shine before this world, that they may see your good works, and glorify your Father who is in heaven.
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"Physicians who treat neuropathic pain with opioids should evaluate their patients for a trial of cannabis and prescribe it when appropriate prior to using opioids"
Sacramento, CA: Physicians who prescribe opioid drugs to patients with neuropathy (nerve pain) ought to consider recommending cannabis as an alternative therapy, according to a peer-reviewed paper published online this week in the Harm Reduction Journal.
"There is sufficient evidence of safety and efficacy for the use of (cannabis/cannabinoids) in the treatment of nerve pain relative to opioids," the commentary states. "In states where medicinal cannabis is legal, physicians who treat neuropathic pain with opioids should evaluate their patients for a trial of cannabis and prescribe it when appropriate prior to using opioids. ... Prescribing cannabis in place of opioids for neuropathic pain may reduce the morbidity and mortality rates associated with prescription pain medications and may be an effective harm reduction strategy."
The author notes that between the years 1999 and 2006, "approximately 65,000 people died from opioid analgesic overdose." By contrast, he writes "[N]o one has ever died from an overdose of cannabis."
In November, clinical investigators at the University of California, San Francisco reported that vaporized cannabis augments the analgesic effects of opiates in subjects prescribed morphine or oxycodone. Authors of the study surmised that cannabis-specific interventions "may allow for opioid treatment at lower doses with fewer [patient] side effects."
Neuropathy affects between five percent and 10 percent of the US population. The condition is often unresponsive to conventional analgesic medications such as opiates and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
For more information, please contact Paul Armentano, NORML Deputy Director, at: email@example.com. Full text of the paper, "Prescribing cannabis for harm reduction" is available online at: http://www.harmreductionjournal.com/content/pdf/1477-7517-9-1.pdf.
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It is now possible to have free reverse cell phone numbers. This is great news because in the past it was only possible to use the reverse directory for land line phones. The free reverse cell phone directory is possible because of several reasons.
Free Reverse Cell Phone
The reverse directory allows people the opportunity to find information about a phone number. It works exactly like a white page directory only it is with numbers and works in reverse. The telephone number will reveal the name and address of the owner of the number. It is very helpful when someone wants to find out who is calling them and they do not recognize the number. This information is helpful to creditors, business owners and sales people who have a list of phone numbers and want the names and addresses. Of course some people do not want this information given out and so they pay the phone company a small amount of money every month to have their phone number blocked. In some states it is against the law to call these numbers and so it is very important that this option be respected and sales people do not call these numbers.
In the past there was not a data base for cell phones like there was for landline phones. The reverse directory did not work and many people found this incontinent and disappointing. Because there are so many different cell phone providers all the information is not in one central location. So the free reverse cell phone directory was not something that the public was able to access. Most people would appreciate this service and although not use it frequently, it would be helpful at times. The reverse cell phone directory was used by police and other government agencies to find information that the general public could not get. They used this daily to enforce the law and work with people they needed to get in contact with.
The free reverse cell phone directory is now available to the general public. This exciting news is now available for several reasons. One of the biggest helps has been the fact that creditors and business people that need to contact the public have been able to access names and numbers of people and put them in a big data base. This allows the public to have access to the free reverse cell phone directory.
In the past some people were using services that charged a small amounts of money that allowed them to use the reverse phone directory. They felt this was something that worked for them and they enjoyed being able to match phone numbers to names and addresses. Now that it is possible to have a free reverse cell phone directory a lot more people will want to take advantage of this.
A free reverse cell phone directory is not an inferior service. It is an accurate up to date listing phone numbers and matching them to names and phone numbers. The free reverse cell phone directory is easy to use and no one should be worried that the information is incorrect or inferior because it is free. There are no strings attached and anyone who wants to try the free reverse cell phone directory should be assured it is an excellent service that the public has been waiting for a long time. No fees or hidden cost. It is exactly what it says.
This information needs to be respected and people do not want to be bothered by unethical sale pitches and other bothersome phone calls. When someone uses the free reverse cell phone directory they have a responsibility not to abuse this system. In the past laws where put into place to protect people who did not want their number given out. Now that these cell phone numbers can be connected with names and address, it is important that the information be used in the correct manner.
Anyone who is interested in using the free reverse cell phone directory will find it easy to do. They will need to put the number in and it will be matched to a name and address. That is all there is to it. Several different sources are offering these services but many of them are not free. It is important to make sure the site is a free reverse cell phone directory so no extra charges will be incurred.
These type of services are changing the way people search for information and find the things they need. The free reverse cell phone directory is not only for individuals, it is for businesses also. That can be very helpful when an unknown number comes across the cell phone. It is possible to save the number and then use the free reverse cell phone directory and find out who exactly is calling.
Sometimes creditors and other people call during times that it makes it uncomfortable to talk. If the phone number is not recognized it might be a better idea not to answer. No one wants to have bill collectors call when they are working and it can put them in an uncomfortable position. It is better to put the number into a reverse phone directory search and it will be easy to see the name and address of who is calling. This system is very helpful and used correctly is something most people appreciate being able to do.
The best part of course is that it is free. In the past only the landline directory was free so this is big and exciting news. In the constantly changing world of technology this is great news and is something that will only get bigger in the future as the list and data base continues to grow.
Free Reverse Cell Phone – The Conclusion
Becasue this is so easy to use it is something that most people will be glad to access to. No money, just usefor imformation. Using all the resources available to the public is something that can change the way people live. The free reverse cell phone directory is just another great opportunity to give the public access to needed imformation.
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The following essay was written by Cheryl McNamara, Communications Officer of the Citizens Climate Lobby. I am pleased to present it here.
Earlier this month, the world convened once again to nail down a post-Kyoto commitment on climate change. And once again the climate talks, held in Durban, South Africa, generated a cacophony of voices and more finger pointing that inevitably led to disappointment on one hand and relief on the other that no deal has been reached yet to significantly reduce global greenhouse gas emissions.
At the crux of this struggle between committing to science-based reduction targets and continuing business as usual is the tension between pushing for paradigm change and holding fast to the status quo.
Change tends to scare people. People don’t like to see the world in which they grew up – its views and expectations – shift abruptly. But in order to prevent global temperatures from reaching dangerous levels – which will also trigger abrupt societal changes as a result of rising sea levels, compromised agriculture and so on – we are asked to collectively and quickly shift our economies and behaviours.
Is it any wonder that among those contributing to the climate change conversation is a small but highly vocal group who question the science, despite the robust research, declaring global warming to be a lie, dreamt up by devious liberals to take over the world?
More conservative voices, however, are now joining the climate action chorus, including religious, military and business leaders. The Pope, in particular, has been a vocal climate action proponent, calling on negotiators in Durban “to craft a responsible and credible deal to cut greenhouse gases that takes into account the needs of the poor.” Recently Canadian representatives of 30 faith communities and organizations issued a statement calling for global action on climate change and equating climate action with public well-being.
The U.S. military is also taking a lead, foreseeing security threats that will come with a warming world and continued dependency on oil from hostile countries. Recognizing that clean energy development is critical to national security, the U.S. Department of Defence plans to annually spend $10 billion on renewable energy for military application by 2030. Just as the military gave civil society the Internet and GPS, so too will it help fast track innovations and market development of renewable energy technologies.
The business community too sees the writing on the wall. According to Torsten Jeworrek, CEO of reinsurance operations at Munich Re, the world’s largest reinsurer, “switching from fossil fuels to renewable energy is the prime task this century faces and offers substantial financial opportunities.”
To facilitate renewable energy development, the Canadian Council of Chief Executives (CCCE) is calling for “a broad-based carbon pricing scheme that is transparent and predictable.” Such a mechanism will help change behaviours, and spur innovation and the development of cleaner energy sources, products and services, according to the CCCE.
Rather than heed their advice, Foreign Minister John Baird declared that Canada will never adopt a carbon tax. Never is a long time, particularly when we are running out of it.
In its recently released World Energy Outlook, the International Energy Agency (IEA) warns countries of “locking into an insecure, inefficient and high-carbon energy system.”
Even Ed Stelmach, Alberta’s former Premier, recognized the danger of becoming too reliant on its resources, warning that Albertans could find themselves “watching the global economic game from the sidelines – because our resource wealth made us too comfortable, and we lost the drive to achieve and perform at a critical moment.”
The critical moment is now. Wayne Gretsky famously said that the secret to his success was skating to where the puck was heading, not to where it was. With mounting calls to reduce greenhouse gases, diminishing supply from conventional oil wells, and innovation in clean energy technology, it’s clear where the puck is heading.
Canada has a choice. Either lock into an insecure high-carbon system, or legislate a mechanism that sends a clear market signal to nourish an industry poised to surge, bring new life back to our ailing manufacturing sector, create an abundance of quality jobs, and create healthier communities.
Change is difficult. But not when it generates great benefits. By putting a price on carbon that increases annually and giving the proceeds back to citizens to stimulate the economy we can develop a sustainable society for our kids and grandkids. Isn’t that what true conservatism is all about?
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4:1 Whence [come] wars and whence fightings among you? [Is it] not thence, -- from your pleasures, which war in your members?
4:2 Ye lust and have not: ye kill and are full of envy, and cannot obtain; ye fight and war; ye have not because ye ask not.
4:3 Ye ask and receive not, because ye ask evilly, that ye may consume [it] in your pleasures.
4:4 Adulteresses, know ye not that friendship with the world is enmity with God? Whoever therefore is minded to be [the] friend of the world is constituted enemy of God.
4:5 Think ye that the scripture speaks in vain? Does the Spirit which has taken his abode in us desire enviously?
4:6 But he gives more grace. Wherefore he says, God sets himself against [the] proud, but gives grace to [the] lowly.
4:7 Subject yourselves therefore to God. Resist the devil, and he will flee from you.
4:8 Draw near to God, and he will draw near to you. Cleanse [your] hands, sinners, and purify [your] hearts, ye double-minded.
4:9 Be wretched, and mourn, and weep: let your laughter be turned to mourning, and [your] joy to heaviness.
4:10 Humble yourselves before [the] Lord, and he shall exalt you.
4:11 Speak not against one another, brethren. He that speaks against [his] brother, or judges his brother, speaks against [the] law and judges [the] law. But if thou judgest [the] law, thou art not doer of [the] law, but judge.
4:12 One is the lawgiver and judge, who is able to save and to destroy: but who art *thou* who judgest thy neighbour?
4:13 Go to now, ye who say, To-day or to-morrow will we go into such a city and spend a year there, and traffic and make gain,
4:14 ye who do not know what will be on the morrow, ([for] what [is] your life? It is even a vapour, appearing for a little while, and then disappearing,)
4:15 instead of your saying, If the Lord should [so] will and we should live, we will also do this or that.
4:16 But now ye glory in your vauntings: all such glorying is evil.
4:17 To him therefore who knows how to do good, and does it not, to him it is sin.
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The Federalization of Ideas: National Energy Department
Publication Date: July 1977
Publisher(s): Heritage Foundation (Washington, D.C.)
Keywords: Energy and environment
The innovation of new products, supplies, services, and processes cannot be centrally financed, managed, and controlled from Washington. The reasons for this are found in the important differences between energy and weapons markets. Energy innovations require the democratization of ideas rather than the federalization of ideas.
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The United States military is taking Apple's iPod touch onto the battlefield. A report shows that the iPod Touch is perfect for "networked warfare" and that it will allow soldiers to be linked together and view shared data across the battlefield.
An example of how it might be used is that images being sent back by an UAV could be shared to all soldiers across the battlefield giving them the best available options on how to engage the enemy from their perspective locations.
Other tools such as translation software are being adopted to help soldiers communicate with local citizens without the aid of a human translator. The versatility of the platform has truly shown Apple's iPod Touch is much more than a media device and that it continues to find new uses all the time.
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The Vampyre: His Kith and Kin
All countries have their heroes. Romania's most celebrated are the two princes of Wallachia who battled the Ottoman empire. The first is Michael the Brave who reigned from 1558 until his assassination in 1601.
A Dhampir in Balkan folklore is the child of a vampire father and a human mother, with vampire powers but none of the weaknesses. A dhampir is believed to have the unique ability to see vampires, even when these are invisible, and is unusually adept at killing them.
On Dominica there exists a creature known as the soucoyan. The "official" explanation of this creature's origin is that it is a curious combination of West African spiritualism and 18th Century Catholicism.
The Shtriga, in Albanian folklore, was a vampiric witch that would suck the blood of infants at night while they slept, and would then turn into a flying insect (traditionally a moth, fly or bee). Only the shtriga herself could cure those she had drained (often by spitting in their mouths), and those who were not cured inevitably sickened and died.
A baobhan sith (pronounced baa'-van shee) is a type of vampire in Scottish mythology, similar to the Manx Leanan Sídhe or Irish banshee. They are also known as the White Women of the Scottish Highlands.
Traditionally, vampires are undead mythological or folkloric beings who feed by draining and consuming the blood of human victims.
Are there vampires who dwell beneath the waters of the world, and if so, what myth, legends, and folk tales surround them? Are they normal vampires who just prefer water to the land? Are they blood-drinking mermaids? Are there any such vampires in fictional books or movies? To fully answer such questions, a whole book would be required. But let me give some telling examples.
In 2004, Romanian police were called to investigate the desecration of a grave in a remote village just south of Transylvania. What they discovered there could have come straight from a Hammer Horror film. Here, renowned cannibalism expert Dr. Timothy Taylor revisits the scene of the crime.
The modern culture is abundant with stories about vampires. Film producers make many movies about vampire hunters every year, lots of books about vampirism and vampires appear regularly. Feeding on blood has become one of the top issues discussed at a variety of forums, especially of Gothic teenagers. What is the official medicinal opinion about vampires today?
Bran, Romania: Bram Stoker never visited here. Vlad the Impaler might have spent one night here. And as far as anyone can tell, there are not now and never have been any vampires in residence. So why is Bran Castle, a lovely, 13th-century palace near Brasov in Transylvania, known far and wide as "Dracula's Castle?"
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Forest thinning to help prevent or reduce severe wildfire will release more carbon to the atmosphere than any amount saved by successful fire prevention, a new study concludes.
In research just published in Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, Oregon State University scientists conclude that even in fire-prone forests, it’s necessary to treat about 10 locations to influence fire behavior in one. There are high carbon losses associated with fuel treatment and only modest savings in reducing the severity of fire, they found.
“Some researchers have suggested that various levels of tree removal are consistent with efforts to sequester carbon in forest biomass, and reduce atmospheric carbon dioxide levels,” said John Campbell, an OSU research associate in the Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society. “That may make common sense, but it’s based on unrealistic assumptions and not supported by the science.”
Even if wood removed by thinning is used for biofuels it will not eliminate the concern. Previous studies at OSU have indicated that, in most of western Oregon, use of wood for biofuels will result in a net loss of carbon sequestration for at least 100 years, and probably much longer.
Wolverine tracks in Swan Range.
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Dictionary and translator for handheld
New : sensagent is now available on your handheld
A windows (pop-into) of information (full-content of Sensagent) triggered by double-clicking any word on your webpage. Give contextual explanation and translation from your sites !
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Lettris is a curious tetris-clone game where all the bricks have the same square shape but different content. Each square carries a letter. To make squares disappear and save space for other squares you have to assemble English words (left, right, up, down) from the falling squares.
Boggle gives you 3 minutes to find as many words (3 letters or more) as you can in a grid of 16 letters. You can also try the grid of 16 letters. Letters must be adjacent and longer words score better. See if you can get into the grid Hall of Fame !
Change the target language to find translations.
Tips: browse the semantic fields (see From ideas to words) in two languages to learn more.
|Use||Civil and state flag|
|Adopted||January 28, 1861|
|Designed by||White palmetto tree on an azure field. The canton contains a white crescent.|
The flag of the state of South Carolina has, in some form, existed since 1775, being based on one of the first Revolutionary War flags. South Carolina's flag was ranked as the 10th best designed state or provincial flag in North America by the North American Vexillological Association in 2001.
The symbolism in this flag dates back to 1765 when opponents of the Stamp Act marched in protest behind a blue flag bearing three white crescents.
In 1775, Colonel William Moultrie was asked by the Revolutionary Council of Safety to design a flag for the South Carolina troops to use during the American Revolutionary War. Moultrie's design had the blue of the militia's uniforms and the crescent from the emblem on their caps.
This flag was flown in the defense of a new fortress on Sullivan's Island, when Moultrie faced off against a British fleet that hadn't lost a battle in a century.
In the 16 hour battle on June 28, 1776, the flag was shot down, but Sergeant William Jasper ran out into the open, raising it and rallying the troops until it could be mounted again. This gesture was so heroic, saving Charleston, South Carolina, from conquest for four years, that the flag came to be the symbol of the Revolution, and liberty, in the state and the new nation.
Soon popularly known as either the Moultrie Flag or Liberty Flag, it became the standard of the South Carolina militia, and was presented in Charleston, by Nathaniel Greene, when that city was liberated at the end of the war. Greene described it as having been the first American flag to fly over the South.
The palmetto tree was added in 1861, also a reference to Moultrie's defense of Sullivan Island; the fortress he'd constructed had survived largely because the palmetto trees, laid over sand walls, were able to withstand British cannons.
After considering many designs for the Republic of South Carolina flag, it was decided that the existing state flag with an upward facing crescent and blue background could be modified for a national flag. On January 26, 1861, the South Carolina General Assembly adopted a new flag by adding a golden palmetto tree encircled with a white background. However, this flag has become known as the "2-day flag" because the golden palmetto tree was changed on January 28 to a simple white palmetto tree on the blue background. Less than three months later, a variation of the palmetto flag unfurled over Fort Sumter on April 14, 1861, the day it was surrendered to Confederate General Beauregard, making it likely the first Confederate flag flown over captured United States' territory. The flag consisted of a palmetto tree on an entirely white background with a red star in the upper left quadrant, and is commonly known as "The Palmetto Guard Flag"
It is known to have been worn on the caps of South Carolina's revolutionary soldiers, and it is likely according to many experts that it is a gorget, not a moon as is commonly thought. However, its significance is based more on legend than on documented facts. One hypothesis is that it stems from the crescent as the cadence mark of a second son. It is true that many of the early colonists were second (and third, etc.) sons who had no inheritance in England and came to America to find their fortunes. Their coats of arms would have crescents to distinguish themselves from the first sons; and thus, perhaps the crescent was adopted as a symbol for the colony. An alternative hypothesis is that the crescent may be derived from the crescent on the coat of arms of the Bull family, which was prominent in the early days of the colony and produced one of Charleston's more illustrious Royal Governors.
The Sovereignty flag was never recognized as an official flag in South Carolina. But there are also claims that it was flown for a short period of time in South Carolina after its secession on December 20, 1860. Another significant flag, not pictured here is the "South Carolina Seccession Flag", the day after South Carolina seceded a red flag, with two tails, a large white star and an upside down crescent moon at the top by the flag staff was raised over the Charleston Custom House. It then spread to other cities as a symbol of secession.
Shirts, belts, shoes, wallets, and other accessories featuring the flag's palmetto tree and crescent are popular throughout South Carolina and other southeastern states as a symbol of the state's long-standing heritage. It is also customary for alumni and supporters of the state's main universities (the University of South Carolina, Clemson University, the College of Charleston, and The Citadel) to display the state flag in their school colors.
|Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Flag of South Carolina|
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Jakarta's business community says the city's government should have learnt lessons from previous floods, as the Indonesian capital cleans up after the disaster brought the city to a standstill just over a week ago.
Torrential rains that were predicted on top of the floods did not eventuate, and a state of emergency has passed, leaving the city's residents to ask questions about the city's flood management system.
Vice Chairman of Jakarta Chamber Commerce & Industry, Sarman Simanjorang, said a failure to make the improvements needed to the canal system is creating a huge risk.
"If this is not solved, we are worried that in the future the floods will go higher, and will paralyse the city's economy," Mr Simanjorang told Australia Network.
Business groups said distribution and port links were cut during the floods, and workers couldn't reach offices and factories.
Urban planner, Marco Kusumawijaya, said that authorities had ignored signs that an embankment near his home - which later collapsed - was already weak.
"Because I suspected, and now it is confirmed that, for some time last year I already saw some water seeping out... on the street side, and that makes me think it might be some sign of this collapse," Mr Kusumawijaya said.
Director General Water Resources at the Public Works Ministry, Dr Mohammad Hasan, said the government realises there needs to be improvements in the maintenance of Jakarta's canal system.
Jakarta's Governor, Joko Widodo, said he was surprised floodwaters rushed into the city centre from the broken canal.
Mr Widodo had already started work on flood management systems before the latest floods, and is pushing for more.
The national government has also said it will speed up several flood management projects.
© ABC 2013
11:22 EST The people behind a campaign to collect fodder, fuel and funds to buy them for Queensland graziers in drought say it's 'going off', just four days after being launched.
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Ang laki itong paniki! Although, I guess I can’t say for certain if this is the local name for the Giant golden-crowned flying fox (Acerodon jubatus). Where my parents are from, paniki just means bat.
Anywho, I just wanted to highlight another of the great living treasures of the Philippines that I was able to take pictures of. A. jubatus is widely reported to be the largest of the Flying Foxes. But there are several other contenders. In fact, this species tends to form colonial roosts with another big fruit bat, the obviously named Large flying fox (Pteropus vampyrus).
Like many things in the Philippines, both bats have been subject to overhunting and habitat destruction. It would be a shame to lose such pretty members of the Philippine fauna.
*I didn’t notice until after I took the picture, but it seems that there are a couple spiders on the bat. It seemed unperturbed; I guess it’s not arachanophobic.
Dietary habits of two threaten co-roosting flying foxes (Megachioptera), Subic Bay, Philippines (pdf)
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I haven't been using this function at all. Who knows why... maybe because i didn't know about it :)
But in my latest pet project i had to do something really quickly on a lot of items in a list.
After a bit of research into foreach and for loops, i saw the List<T>.ForEach method.
Did some testing and sure thing List<T>.ForEach proved to be faster than others.
I thought about posting the whole setup and how i've tested it, but then i saw that Dustin Russell Campbell
did exactly the same thing a bit more thoroughly, so why double it up, right?
Read it, like it, USE it!
Performance of foreach vs. List.ForEach
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LACEY — The nation's oldest operating nuclear plant is back online following a month-long outage for refueling and maintenance.
The Oyster Creek nuclear plant in Lacey Township returned to service at 7:18 this morning.
Workers replaced both of the plant's main power transformers, refueled the reactor and did maintenance that can only be performed while the unit is offline.
The transformer replacement cost $33 million.
Another $13.3 million is being spent on underground piping work to deal with a tritium leak on plant grounds.
Oyster Creek produces 636 megawatts of electricity an hour, enough to power 600,000 homes.
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February 25, 2011
“We didn’t need dialogue, we had faces!” Norma Desmond, the forgotten movie star, famously snarled in the 1950 film noir classic Sunset Boulevard. And come Oscar night, we really want to hear fewer words—especially in the form of overextended acceptance speeches—and instead revel in the glitz and glamour of Hollywood’s biggest night of the year. But you don’t need one of those coveted seats at the Kodak Theater to get in on the fun. Instead, come get star struck at the National Portrait Gallery with these pieces pertaining to some of the greatest faces of the silver screen.
1. Katherine Hepburn
Hepburn, known for playing very independent-minded characters, was nominated 12 times and with four wins, she still holds the record for the most Best Actress Oscars. She took home the gold for her performances in Morning Glory (1933), Guess Who’s Coming to Dinner (1967), The Lion in Winter (1968) and On Golden Pond (1981). You can get an up-close look at her statuettes on display on the museum’s third floor, along with a 1982 portrait by artist Everett Raymond Kinstler.
2. Grace Kelly
For all those fashionistas out there, you absolutely must familiarize yourself with the indomitable aesthetic of Grace Kelly. The 1983 bronze sculpture illuminates her timeless beauty and effortless style. Kelly is perhaps best known for her roles in films like The Country Girl (1954), To Catch a Thief (1955) and Mogambo (1953), for which she received an Oscar for Best Supporting Actress. Hollywood royalty became real-life royalty when she married Prince Ranier III of Monaco and was given the title of Her Serene Highness, Princess Grace of Monaco, or more familiarly, “Princess Grace.”
3. Elizabeth Taylor
Elizabeth Taylor is regarded as one of America’s greatest actresses. Starting out as a child star in films such as Lassie Come Home (1943) and National Velvet (1944), she was able to make the often-difficult transition to grown-up roles where her talent and rare beauty were allowed to shine. Taylor won two Best Actress Oscars for her roles in Butterfield 8 (1960) and Who’s Afraid of Virginia Woolf (1966). You can find her in the “20th Century Americans” exhibition on the third floor by way of a 1955 photograph by Sid Avery.
4. Tom Hanks
There is no contemporary actor more widely recognized and respected than Tom Hanks. Though he received early recognition for his ability to play average people in extraordinary situations, it wasn’t until his portrayal as a lawyer with AIDS in Philadelphia (1993) and his astounding role as the title character in Forrest Gump (1994) that he received his back-to-back Best Actor Oscars. Located in the National Portrait Gallery’s “Americans Now” exhibit on the first floor, this portrait, a digital print by Dan Winters, speaks to Hanks’ ability to portray the average Joe.
5. George Clooney
George Clooney personifies style and masculinity to the point that women want him and men want to be him. Clooney has been acting in film and television for more than 30 years with a successful turn in the 90s series E.R., which he followed up with the Ocean’s Eleven films and an Oscar-winning performance in Syriana (2005), for which he won the Best Supporting Actor statuettte. In a state-of-the-art video installment of multiple American figures in the “Americans Now” exhibit, artist Lincoln Schatz plies his craft to create an unconventional video portrait of the actor.
Sign up for our free email newsletter and receive the best stories from Smithsonian.com each week.
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This photo provided by the Sacramento Police Dept. shows Laurie Ann Martinez. Martinez has been charged with faking her own rape in an unsuccessful bid to persuade her husband to move to a safer neighborhood in Sacramento, Calif. Martinez, 36, is accused of conspiring with a friend to create the appearance that she was beaten, robbed and raped in her home in April, according to the charges filed by the Sacramento District Attorney. Martinez, who is a psychologist for he California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation, and her husband filed for divorce in May, six weeks after the April 10 incident. ((AP Photo/Sacramento Police Dept.))
The Denver Post reports:
She split her own lip with a pin, scraped her knuckles with sandpaper and had her friend punch her in the face. Investigators say she even ripped open her blouse, then wet her pants to give the appearance she had been knocked unconscious.
But it was all part of what authorities said Friday was an elaborate hoax by the woman to convince her husband she was raped so they could move to a safer neighborhood.
Charges filed by the Sacramento County district attorney allege Laurie Ann Martinez, a prison psychologist, conspired with the friend to create the appearance that she was beaten, robbed and raped by a stranger in April in her Sacramento home.
Martinez, her friend and two co-workers eventually told police the whole thing was a setup to convince Martinez’s husband that they needed to move from a blighted, high-crime area three miles north of the state Capitol.
Victim-feminists delight in the rhetorical question, why a woman should make false accusations of rape, and utter absurdities like women don’t lie about rape. From the myriad of reasons this psychologist’s one stands out as original in the circumstances, yet reveals the common and ordinary: to get her will.
But have pity with her, she will plead she was in a state of chronic fear – of being raped by some thug from her high-crime neighborhood.
A prison psychologist! The term is about to get a new definition, if the court does its duty.
Now if I was her I would come up with a story of having been sexually harassed – no, threatened – by the inmates and by some staff members as well, day after day, a tormenting experience inducing trauma, anxiety and depression, not to speak of an hostile environment in the workplace. A living hell she could not escape because of learned helplessness. She is an emotionally battered woman, your honor!
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Economic PrincipalsRx: Statehood By David Warsh, Globe Columnist, 11/29/98
Puerto Rico has been in the news recently. The descendents of Theodore Roosevelt are lobbying for a posthumous Medal of Honor for their sire. (Roosevelt himself liked to put it this way: ``The bravest man I ever knew was the black sergeant who followed me up San Juan Hill.'') San Juan Hill is in Cuba, of course, but one of the outcomes of the Spanish American War was to cede the island of Puerto Rico to the United States under the terms of the Treaty of Paris - on Dec. 10, 1898.
What better timing than that for the plebescite two weeks from today that will determine whether the citizens of Puerto Rico choose to seek statehood among the United States?
The vote is the brainchild of Governor Pedro Rosello, who saw that the island economy was going nowhere fast. For many years, Puerto Rico had been considered a model of economic development in the postwar world - the ``fifth tiger,'' as economists William Baumol and Edward Wolff called it in 1994.
But by 1996, when Rosello was re-elected to a second, four-year term, it was clear that something had gone badly wrong. Despite bouyant job growth in the states, the Puerto Rican economy was stagnating. By then, Rosello and experts in economic development had identified a surprising villain.
A little background: The United States claimed the Philippines and Puerto Rico after its war with Spain in 1898 because it felt it should take something for its trouble - it was the fashion among nations. For a time the Pacific archipelago and the easternmost of the major Caribbean islands looked suspiciously like colonies.
The Jones Act of 1917 conferred US citizenship on Puerto Ricans. In 1950 Congress created a special commonwealth status for it, Guam, and the Northern Mariana islands, establishing procedures to draft and adopt constitutions resembling those of the states.
During the 1950s and 1960s, ``Operation Bootstrap,'' directed by the planning agency Fomento (meaning ``promotion'' in Spanish), did all the things that planning agencies did in those days: built industrial parks, targeted ``winners'' and ``losers'' among local businesses, and offered tax breaks to US industries. For a time, the strategy worked as well as anything else: The economy grew at an annual rate of 6.5 percent between 1959 and 1974.
The productivity shocks of the 1970s - the oil price hikes in particular - hit Puerto Rico hard. The top-down, subsidy-driven planning continued, with few good effects. The unemployment rate, always high relative to the 50 states, hit a depression-level 22 percent in the 1980s. Income per capita in Puerto Rico is $8,100, less than a third of the $25,660 level that is the US average.
What is stalling Puerto Rico's growth? Local politics and strong local unions surely are part of the answer - the effects of a hundred years of dependency. The public sector employs a third of the work force - more than double the US average. Efforts at privatization have gone nowhere. And restrictive work rules have raised costs and discouraged investment.
But an even more pernicious mechanism was discerned in the early 1990s by, among others, development consultant J. Tomas Hexner, in an obscure provision of the US tax code known as Section 936. Hexner had specialized in the development of East Pakistan in the 1960s, before it was reborn as Bangladesh; he knew an exploited economy when he saw one.
The offshore tax subsidy found in Section 936 of the US tax code dated as far back as the 1920s, Hexner discovered; initially it had been intended to spur labor-intensive manufacturing that otherwise would not have located on the island.
But after World War II, the advantage of the lowest labor costs shifted abruptly to Asia. The hefty tax breaks offered by 936 attracted capital intensive industries like pharmaceuticals and electronics to Puerto Rico instead. The cleverest corporate tax attorneys in Washington went to work to re-engineer, for purposes of maximizing the profitability of the latest designer molecules, a tax law intended to stimulate the manufacture of baseballs and baseball gloves. Complementary Puerto Rican incentives were devised and shepherded into law by well-connected lobbyists as well.
The result by the late 1980s was the emergence in Puerto Rico of a giant tax shelter for drug companies. They transferred patents and other intangibles into their San Juan filing cabinets, and record profits out - with very little corresponding increase in real investment except in the sophisticated financial institutions, world class hotels, and thriving service sector.
Meanwhile, little new indigenous industry of any sort has appeared. Domestic capital formation has failed to take off; the share of investment in the economy fell from 29 percent of gross domestic product during the 1960s to 14 percent in 1994. In short: a disaster.
Section 936 came under scrutiny in the early 1990s, not because of any concern for its ill effects on Puerto Rico, but because of congressional concern with a balanced budget. The discovery that the Treasury was foregoing up to $4 billion a year in taxes led to a decision to phase it out in the next few years - thus depriving Puerto Rico of the subsidy of its high-end service industries, and forcing a sweeping re-examination of policies toward economic growth. The end of the subsidy to the Gucci-clad crowd put statehood firmly on the docket.
True, Puerto Rico still looks good compared with other Caribbean islands. But its performance is downright crummy compared with the United States - barely half that of Mississippi, which, like South Carolina, was steadily pulling ahead. When a young Chilean economist named Fernando Lefort studied Puerto Rico's convergence with the United States - or lack thereof - for his PhD thesis at Harvard University a few years ago, he found it was the lack of clear-cut political integration, more than any other single factor, that was holding back Puerto Rico.
Were Puerto Rico to become a state, Lefort argued, the convergence effect - the same forces on whose strength Mississippi is rising - would guarantee Puerto Rico a higher rate of growth, and its citizens higher incomes.
Hence the complicated discussion of statehood that has taken place among Puerto Ricans throughout the 1990s. To judge from polls and the local press, support for maintaining its commonwealth status has been dwindling, even though Puerto Ricans don't pay federal income taxes under the status quo. A small but dependable faction of voters apparently continues to favor outright independence. The pro-statehood New Progressive Party of Governor Rosello appears to be gaining.
The vote is scheduled for Dec. 13. More than 80 percent of the eligible voters among Puerto Rico's 3.8 million citizens are expected to turn out; more than half of them are expected to vote for statehood. The referendum binds no one, not even the government of Puerto Rico. But remember this: No group of citizens in American territories yet has organized to seek statehood - and failed to get it.
This story ran on page E01 of the Boston Globe on 11/29/98.
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Zuma: Keep Mandela in thoughts and prayers
Mandela out of hospital, receiving treatments at home
South African President Jacob Zuma urged his countrymen Monday to keep the ailing Nelson Mandela in their prayers.
"He remains an important symbol of our struggle for liberation and of the successful transition from apartheid colonialism to a non-racial and democratic society," Zuma said in a New Year message to the nation.
"We should continue to keep the Mandela family in our thoughts and prayers until Tata has fully recovered."
Mandela is sometimes affectionately known as 'Tata,' or father in the Xhosa language.
Last week, Mandela was discharged from a hospital and will continue receiving treatment at his home in Houghton, a Zuma spokesman said at the time.
On Friday, Mandela's granddaughter Zaziwe Manaway told CNN that there's no truth to social media rumors that he's close to death.
"That is absolutely not true. My grandfather is well," she said. "It can be very, very hurtful for us to hear these messages out there in the social media that our grandfather is going to go home to die. It is insensitive."
Mandela, 94, was treated for an acute respiratory infection in 2011.
He was hospitalized for a lung infection on December 8; and on December 15, he underwent surgery for removal of gallstones.
Mandela has not appeared in public since the 2010 World Cup hosted in his country.
During the time of apartheid in South Africa, Mandela was convicted of sabotage and was imprisoned for 27 years until 1990.
He and former President F.W. de Klerk, who dismantled apartheid, shared the Nobel Peace Prize in 1993. A year later, Mandela became the nation's first black president.
South Africa last month issued banknotes bearing the picture of Mandela.
Despite his rare public appearances in recent years, Mandela retains his popularity and is considered a hero of democracy in the nation.
South Africans celebrated his 94th birthday in July by participating in good deeds nationwide to honor the legacy of the famous statesman.
Citizens performed at least 67 minutes of public service on his birthday, a reference to the number of years he devoted to helping others.
Mandela's impact has extended far beyond the borders of his own country. After he left office in 1999, he was involved in international situations ranging from conflicts in Africa to the Mideast.
In January 2000, he addressed the United Nations Security Council, appealing for help in ending the brutal civil war between ethnic Hutus and Tutsis in Burundi. In December 2003, he participated in the signing of the Geneva Accords for peace in the Middle East.
A bronze statue of Mandela was unveiled in Parliament Square in London in 2007, and in 2009 the United Nations designated July 18 as Mandela Day for that year.
Copyright 2012 by CNN NewSource. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.
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For the first time, a device has created a "hole in time" -- for a few nanoseconds anyway.
The theoretical possibility of an "event cloak" -- a metamaterial space-time device that could theoretically conceal an entire event in time from the view of an outsider -- has been written about for years. And while some bright minds have been talking about bending space-time to their whims, a team at Cornell was doing it. And it works. For 110 nanoseconds.
Basically, you need two time-lenses -- lenses that can compress and decompress light in time. This is actually possible to do using an electro-optic modulator (what, you don't have one?). Two of these modulators can slow down or compress the light traveling through the first lens; a second lens downrange from the first can then decompress, or accelerate, the incoming photons from the first lens.
Think of the photons like steadily flowing traffic on a highway. If you slow the traffic at a point upstream, you create a gap. You can cross the highway through the gap and then accelerate that traffic to catch up to the traffic ahead, closing the gap. To someone further downstream, the gap isn't there -- to that observer, the gap might as well have never existed because there's no evidence of it.
During that gap, whatever occurs goes unrecorded. But you'd have to be pretty quick were you to use such a device to pull some kind of shenanigans. The current gizmo the Cornell gents have built creates a 110 nanosecond event gap, and they concede that the best it could achieve is 120 microseconds.
But as Technology Review notes, rarely is anything final in cutting edge theoretical physics.
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- G Living | Dark Twisted Space Monkies Go Green - http://gliving.com -
Time To Harvest and Eat The Pumpkins
Posted By GreenChef Staff Monkies On October 10, 2009 @ 6:00 am In GreenChef Foodie Talk | No Comments
Pumpkins the quintessential Fall harvest. They always pop to mind when thinking about Halloween and the eerily glowing orange lanterns, or the traditional pumpkin pie served on Thanksgiving. However, pumpkins actually come in many shapes and colors with a tantalizing culinary versatility that takes on any flavor added to it — so it can be used in savory dishes just as well as sweet. You can incorporate pumpkin into everything from soups to ravioli, lasagna, risotto, pasta, salads, and tarts — to sweet pies, cheesecakes, breads and ice creams. Pumpkin marries well with warm spices like cinnamon, ginger, nutmeg, allspice, and cloves – as well as savory herbs like rosemary, sage and basil.
This autumn fruit (really a berry if you want to get technical) is in season from September – March and can be stored up to a month on your counter or up to 3 months in the fridge. For cooking, skip past the oversized watery pumpkins that are best left to carving funny faces into. Look for the smaller sugar-pie orange pumpkins or one of the various colored heirloom pumpkins for an adventurous and exotic twist.
Some popular varieties:
Sugar Pie – small to medium in size with a sweet orange flesh. They are called sugar-pie pumpkins because they make the best filling for a sweet pie with their high sugar content that gently caramelizes when cooked releasing a rich creamy flavor.
Delicata – small, white pumpkin with green stripes and yellow flesh. With a dry texture and nutty flavor, it is best in heavily seasoned savory dishes.
Onion Squash – Orange and oval with a soft flesh that’s perfect for soups and pastas.
Baby Bear – Small, sweet and firm with a fine stem, this variety is very versatile and great for either savoury or sweet dishes.
Crown Prince – Blueish grey pumpkin, great for roasting or sautéing.
Other varieties to look for include Baby Pam, Spooktacular, Sugar Treat, Winter Luxury, Autumn Gold, Bushkin, Frosty, Aspen, and heirloom varieties like Jarrahdale, Long Island Cheese, Triamble, and Rouge Vif d’ Etampes.
Pumpkins are a member of the gourd family and native to the west. Native Indians in Mexico have been munching on them since at least 5500 BC. Native Americans ate both the flesh and seeds, but especially valued the medicinal power of the seeds to treat kidney and urinary tract problems. Pumpkin seeds are abundant in vitamins, minerals, essential fatty acids, amino acids and phytosterols. They are also high in L-tryptophan, which has speculated them to be helpful remedy for depression, although studies are still needed to verify it.
The bright orange color of most of the pumpkin’s flesh indicates that they are rich in beta-carotene, a plant carotenoid that is converted in the body to Vitamin A. Beta-carotene is a powerful antioxidant that offers preventive protection to the heart and against premature aging. Pumpkin’s also a good source of magnesium, potassium, iron, and vitamins C,K, and E.
To make fresh Pumpkin Puree:
You can make pumpkin puree by either roasting the pumpkin until the flesh is soft and scoopable, or raw by cubing it and throwing it in a food processor. Roasted pumpkin puree has a richer and creamier texture, with a sweet caramelized flavor, perfect for pumpkin pie. Raw pumpkin puree though is loaded with powerful pumpkin enzymes and intact vitamins, for an intense nutritional punch. I love to use raw pumpkin puree as a natural pumpkin peel facial.
For a roasted pumpkin puree, grab a knife or sharp fork and jab your pumpkin a few times to vent the steam. Place the whole pumpkin on a baking sheet and bake at 350 F for an hour or until you can easily pierce the skin with a knife. Let it cool, then slice it in half and scoop the seeds and stringy pumpkin out with a large spoon. Then scoop the inside flesh out into a food processor. Process until smooth.
For a raw pumpkin puree, grab a vegetable peeler and peel the entire outside skin of the pumpkin. With a sharp knife, slice it in half and scoop out the seeds and stringy bits. With the knife, cube the remaining flesh. Add the cubes to a food processor and process until smooth and creamy. It will take longer to process and break down when it is raw, but it will, just keep going. If you have a high speed blender like a Vitamix or Blendtec, you can also try it in there.
Article printed from G Living | Dark Twisted Space Monkies Go Green: http://gliving.com
URL to article: http://gliving.com/time-to-harvest-and-eat-the-pumpkins/
Copyright © 2010 G Living | Modern Green Lifestyle Blog (Darker Side Of Green). All rights reserved.
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Joined: 16 Mar 2004
|Posted: Wed Aug 09, 2006 10:45 am Post subject: Nanoscale zinc oxide structures used to detect anthrax
|A new approach by scientists at Penn State greatly promotes the use of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanomaterials as signal enhancing platforms for rapid, multiplexed, high-throughput, highly sensitive, DNA sensor arrays.
They report that engineered nanoscale ZnO structures can be effectively used for the identification of the biothreat agent, Bacillus anthracis, by successfully discriminating its DNA sequence from other genetically related species.
In their recent work ("Ultrasensitive DNA sequence detection using nanoscale ZnO sensor arrays"), published in the May 26, 2006 online edition of Nanotechnology, Professor Jong-in Hahm from the Department of Chemical Engineering at Penn State, together with first author Nitin Kumar, and co-author Adam Dorfman, explore both covalent and non-covalent linking schemes in order to couple probe DNA strands to the zinc oxide nanostructures.
The Penn State researchers found that the use of ZnO nanomaterials greatly enhances the fluorescence signal collected after carrying out duplex formation reaction. They point out that, specifically, the covalent strategy allows detection of the target species at sample concentrations as low as a few femtomolar level as compared to the detection sensitivity in tens of nanomolar range when using the non-covalent scheme.
"The presence of the underlying ZnO nanomaterials is critical in achieving increased fluorescence detection of hybridized DNA and, therefore, accomplishing rapid and extremely sensitive identification of the biothreat agent" Hahm says.
Innovative assembly and fabrication of nanomaterials for use as advanced biosensor substrates can be greatly beneficial in increasing the detection sensitivity of biomolecular fluorescence. ZnO nanostructures have received considerable attention particularly due to their desirable optical properties, which include a wide band gap of 3.37 eV and a large exciton binding energy of 60 meV at room temperature. ZnO has been previously demonstrated as a candidate material for use in a broad range of technological applications. Examples of ZnO materials in these areas include short-wavelength light-emitters, field-emitters, luminescence devices, UV lasers, and solar cells.
Hahm explains: "Nanometer scale ZnO has very good potential for aiding optical detection of target bioconstituents as ZnO nanomaterials are stable in typical biomolecular detection environments, have attractive optical properties, and can be easily processed through many synthetic routes. Despite its demonstrated functions in broad areas and suitability for advanced optical detection, biosensing applications of wide bandgap ZnO have not yet been extensively realized. For the first time, our findings report the successful use of ZnO nanostructured materials as biosensor platforms."
Hahm and her team also demonstrated the easy integration potential of the nanoscale ZnO materials into high density arrays directly upon their synthesis.
"Our synthesis method can be easily modified for seamless integration with current manufacturing processes for commercial production of bioarrays or biochips" she says. "When combined with conventional automatic sample handling apparatus and computerized fluorescence detection equipment, our approach can greatly promote the use of ZnO nanomaterials as signal enhancing substrates for multiplexed, high-throughput optical DNA sensor arrays."
"We are looking into the exact ZnO nanostructure-enabled fluorescence enhancement mechanisms&q Hahm explains her group's next steps. "We are also testing detection sensitivity of our ZnO nanoplatforms using other important biomolecules such as proteins and cells."
This story was first posted on 6th June 2006.
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Product Type: Snom VoIP-Telephones
Newest Review: ... to the address book, aswell as setting up the phone to transfer calls to other Snoms here. The Snom needs to be connected to a power s... more
Member Name: chark
Advantages: money saving, quality made phone
Disadvantages: relys on good internet connection
Before starting work at my current job I had never even heard of VOIP, let alone a Snom! The Snom 360 is a voip phone (voice over ip address) and works on the power of internet.
Voip phones give you much cheaper calls both to the UK and worldwide, so it's definatly a money saver, especially for businesses.
The handset itself is very modern and slick. A professional black colour, with many different functions - call transfer, hold, multiple call reciever etc. We have a chain of them at work that are all synchronised to each other, so when a call comes in it can easily be transferred to whichever phone it needs to be.
This function was set up using the online menu. There is a question mark button on the hand set, that when pressed reveals that particular phones IP address. You simply type that into your web browser and that phones interface will come up on screen. The interface is primarilly the 'information hub' of the phone. You can do many things from changing the ringtone, to adding contacts to the address book, aswell as setting up the phone to transfer calls to other Snoms here.
The Snom needs to be connected to a power socket, a computer, and an open internet connection. This is done through the use of 2 ethernet cables. One end of one ethernet cable plugs into the back of the phone and the other to your computer, the other cable plugs into the back of the phone and then into your internet connection (this could be directly into an adsl router).
The phone connection relys on your internet connection to function properly. Thus, if your internet connection goes down, you've guessed it ...so does your Snom! We've had this problem quite a bit at work over the months, but on upgrading to a faster more reliable internet connection - voila!...problem solved. If your internet connection is good you get a fantastically clear line.
The thing about voip is it allows you to connect with colleagues, friends and family all over the world by the amazing use of internet. And as mentioned earlier you can save a bucket load on phone calls! Each Snom has it's own number and if you call that number directly from another Snom, calls are free! (as used at work very successfully!).
Although calls are very cheap the product itself is a little pricey, and rightly so as you're paying for a quality product that will last years and save you a heck of a lot of money along the way. At present our phone provider sells them to us for £260 each.
Summary: A great Phone
- Plantronics Calisto P240
- Plantronics Calisto P820-M
- Plantronics Calisto P820
- Plantronics Calisto P240M
- Plantronics Calisto P540-M
- Polycom Soundpoint IP 601
- USRobotics USB Internet Phone 9600
- Polycom Soundpoint IP 501
- Cisco Unified Wireless IP Phone 7920 Multi-Charger bundle
- Polycom Soundpoint IP 430
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Tenth Amendment fanatic Cynthia Davis, R-O'Fallon is at it again, filing a bill which would protect the rights of Missourians to own light bulbs (and apparently this will convince the people in her senatorial district to vote for a dim bulb.)
Mrs. Davis' bill, HB 2468, the Freedom to Own Light Bulbs Act, includes the following passage:
4. A lightbulb or lightbulb accessory that is manufactured commercially or privately in Missouri and that remains within the borders of Missouri is not subject to federal law or federal regulation, including registration, under the authority of congress to regulate interstate commerce. It is declared by the legislature that those items have not traveled in interstate commerce. This section applies to a lightbulb or lightbulb accessory that is manufactured in Missouri from basic materials and that can be manufactured without the inclusion of any significant parts imported into this state. Generic and insignificant parts that have other manufacturing or consumer product applications are not lightbulbs or lightbulb accessories, and their importation into Missouri and incorporation into a lightbulb or lightbulb accessory manufactured in Missouri does not subject the lightbulb or lightbulb accessory to federal regulation. It is declared by the legislature that basic materials are not lightbulbs or lightbulb accessories and are not subject to congressional authority to regulate lightbulbs or lightbulb accessories under interstate commerce as if they were actually lightbulbs or lightbulb accessories. The authority of congress to regulate interstate commerce in basic materials does not include the authority to regulate lightbulbs or lightbulb accessories made in Missouri from those materials. Lightbulb accessories that are imported into Missouri from another state and that are subject to federal regulation as being in interstate commerce do not subject a lightbulb to federal regulation under interstate commerce because they are attached to or used in conjunction with a lightbulb in Missouri.
5. A lightbulb manufactured or sold in Missouri under the provisions of this section shall have the words "Made in Missouri" clearly stamped.
Political experts say this daring move will enable to Mrs. Davis to corner the market among those who don't know watt they're talking about.
GE Whiz! doesn't she realize there are actually serious issues that need to be discussed?
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DIOCESE OF TARNOW (TARNOVIENSIS).
Diocese in western Galicia, Austria. The See of Posen, founded in 968 by Duke Miecyslaw, was the only one in Poland until 1100. In that year Otto III and Duke Boleslaw Chabry founded the Sees of Gnesen and Cracow, to which also belonged what is today western Galicia. When in the First Partition of Poland, in 1772, the latter fell to Austria, it was separated from the foreign See of Cracow, and the administration entrusted to the vicar-general, Johann von Duval, who resided at Tarnow. On the erection of the See of Tarnow in 1783, he became its first bishop. By the Third Partition of Poland in 1795, Cracow too fell to Austria, whereupon it was considered advisable after the death of the second bishop (1801) to divide the See of Tarnow between Cracow and Przemysl. By the Peace of Vienna in 1809 Austria was obliged to relinquish western Galicia and with it Cracow, both assigned to the Duchy of Warsaw. The Diocese of Tarnow thereupon came under Lemberg, whose bishop gave the management of it to the prior of Alt Sandek as his vicar-general. In the Congress of Vienna, Austria once more incorporated the Kingdom of Galicia. The Emperor Francis in 1822 gave Tarnow another bishop, Gregorius Thomas Ziegler. He had been a Benedictine at Wiblingen, but was at that time professor of dogma at Vienna. He established his residence in the former Benedictine monastery of Tyniec. This, however, was too near Cracow, and Ziegler removed thence to Bochnia and finally in 1826 back to Tarnow. There are today in this diocese 809,000 Catholics; 379 secular priests; 72 male religious and 340 nuns.
ZACHARIASIEWICZ, Vitae episcoporum Premysliensium (Vienna, 1844), LXVIII-LXXIII.
APA citation. (1912). Tarnow. In The Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company. http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/14458b.htm
MLA citation. "Tarnow." The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 14. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1912. <http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/14458b.htm>.
Transcription. This article was transcribed for New Advent by Thomas M. Barrett. Dedicated to the Christian Community of Tarnow.
Ecclesiastical approbation. Nihil Obstat. July 1, 1912. Remy Lafort, S.T.D., Censor. Imprimatur. +John Cardinal Farley, Archbishop of New York.
Contact information. The editor of New Advent is Kevin Knight. My email address is feedback732 at newadvent.org. (To help fight spam, this address might change occasionally.) Regrettably, I can't reply to every letter, but I greatly appreciate your feedback — especially notifications about typographical errors and inappropriate ads.
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Like spas and salons, athletic facilities such as gyms and
fitness centers will see towels making up a large portion of their
laundry volumes. Thus, these industries will emphasize speed and
efficiency. Managers will want higher spin speeds to remove more
water and cut drying times, and, as a result, utility consumption.
College or high school laundries that may be washing team uniforms
and other gear, may desire more control of the wash process.
Technical moisture-wicking fibers in practice and game uniforms
require special handling. For this reason, programmable micro
controls are desirable to ensure wash flexibility.
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Science education may be on the decline. The general level of scientific knowledge may be headed back to the Dark Ages. But the language of science has never been more popular.
Or more woefully abused.
Take, for example, the notorious paradigm shift, a term introduced in 1962 by historian Thomas Kuhn to describe a change in basic assumptions about the theory of science. The change from an earth-centered to a solar-centered view qualifies as a paradigm shift. Your redesigned logo, however, does not. It's just a change.
Here are some other examples of scientific and mathematical terms whose meanings have been appropriated and muddied by the press and especially by corporate marketing departments. (American business has had a love affair with science, or pseudoscience, since the late nineteenth century, when Frederick W. Taylor introduced "scientific management" — a method for getting more work out of employees — to the lexicon. Scan the business shelf of your library and you'll see lots of science-y terms like "force field analysis," "delta models," and, of course, "leverage.") For several of my explanations I'm indebted to the late Anglo-American linguist R.L. Trask (1944-2004), author of Say What You Mean!, a highly opinionated and hugely entertaining guide to writing clear English.
Autistic: Autism is a brain-development disorder involving impaired social interaction and communication. "Autistic" does not mean "self-absorbed," "insensitive," or "quiet," although you'll occasionally see it used that way.
Average: R. L. Trask points out that this word "has a precise mathematical sense," but is often used when "typical" or "ordinary" would be more accurate.
DNA: No longer confined to genetics laboratories, DNA has replicated all over corporate America. "Corporate DNA" supposedly involves values and culture that can be passed down to successive generations of workers. In fact, though, its meaning is as susceptible to mutation as actual DNA is. You don't have to search far to find arguments for DNA being unalterable, changeable, buildable, and rebuildable. Some companies infuse stuff into their DNA, while others bake stuff into it. (I've written frequently about corporate DNA in my blog, Fritinancy. Here's the introductory post. And here's an actual genomics scientist, Keith Robison, speculating on what "corporate DNA" might mean — for example, "There's a lot of redundancy here" and "A lot of pieces of the organization resemble decayed portions of other pieces of our organization.")
Exponential: Like "average," this word has a specific mathematical meaning (in this case, "a pattern of change in which the amount of change that occurs in a quantity during a small interval of time is proportional to the amount of that quantity present": from a glossary of systems theory). As Trask observes, "It is not just a fancy word for 'fast.'"
Fraction: A fraction is not "a tiny amount"; it's any part of a whole. Nevertheless, we frequently see passages like this one, from a San Francisco Chronicle article about Hawaiian Airlines: "Hawaiian will offer one departure from Oakland and one flight back from Honolulu each day. That's a fraction of the multiple flights formerly operated by Aloha and ATA." What fraction are we talking about — one-sixteenth? One-half? Ninety-nine one-hundredths?
Parameter: Because it resembles "perimeter," this word is frequently given the meaning of "limit" or "constraint." But a parameter is actually a numerical variable that can be held constant in a given case. Never use it to mean "factor" or "characteristic."
Perfect storm: It's not merely a coincidence or a confluence of random events. A perfect storm is (quoting Wikipedia) "the simultaneous occurrence of events which, taken individually, would be far less powerful than the result of their chance combination." Perfect storms are rare and catastrophic: Sebastian Junger's accurately titled 1997 bestseller The Perfect Storm told the story of a once-in-a-century nor'easter. Coming down with a cold and misplacing your car keys on the day of your big presentation at work is not a perfect storm.
Quantum leap: In physics, a quantum leap occurs when a subatomic particle such as an electron jumps directly from one energy level to another without passing through a continuum of energies in between. Note that quantum leaps occur only on a microscopic scale, which means that they're very, very small — not the huge, um, "paradigm-shifting" leaps that they're commonly associated with. (One of my blog readers, who works in space systems, took the time to patiently explain this to me. Thank you, Michael Holt!)
Schizophrenic: True, schizo- is the Greek root that means "split." But a person afflicted with schizophrenia does not have multiple-personality disorder, and it's simply wrong to use "schizophrenic" to mean "conflicting." Here's Trask again: "The current administration's policies may seem to be inconsistent, but they are not schizophrenic."
My list is one short of the traditional top ten. Do you have a favorite scientific-lingo peeve? Write a comment and add it to the list.
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Students and parents gathered to protest at a Des Moines School Board meeting Tuesday night in response to the decision to use the Martin Luther King Jr. Day to make up for a snow day.
"It's ridiculous, and I'm a very unhappy parent, and there are a lot of problems that this day is to be used as a snow day," parent Vanessa Johnson said.
The School Board finalized the calendar more than a year ago. They argue that adding snow days to the end of the school year angers parents who have vacation plans.
"That calendar has already been approved for next year, but we would listen to those young people who want to advocate for revisions in the calendar," School Board President Dick Murphy said.
The School Board promised that students would learn about services to Martin Luther King Jr.'s memory during the make up day, but the NAACP Youth Council is not convinced.
"Though the teachers will be talking about the services we could do, why not get out there and do them on the day of service? That is what MLK Day is for," student Johnneeisha Long said.
School Board member Terree Caldwell Johnson said she will recommend that groups like the NAACP, the Jewish Federation, LULAC and others be included in future school calendars.
The School Board said it would listen to requests for change to the calendar, but no decision has been made yet.
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Tuesday, May 21, 2013
AUGUSTA -- State Rep. Ken Fredette, R-Newport, says he has a simple solution to a complicated issue that would ease uncertainty in schools and the business community.
However, dozens of opponents of his bill, L.D. 1046, say it would roll back the rights of some Maine citizens and add discomfort in an area where most prefer privacy: the bathroom.
Fredette's measure would allow businesses and schools to require people to use restrooms coinciding with their biological gender, rather than the gender with which they identify. It also would eliminate the ability of transgender people to sue based on discrimination if they are denied use of their preferred restrooms.
"(This bill) permits schools, colleges and private businesses to establish bathrooms based on biological sex and to not be sued in Superior Court for simply doing that," Fredette said in testimony Tuesday before the Legislature's Judiciary Committee. "In fact, this bill allows school boards and business owners to make accommodations for transgenders based on best business and educational practices, but at the local level and not mandated from Augusta."
Fredette's proposal stems from his service on the Maine Human Rights Commission, when it found unlawful discrimination in two cases concerning transgenders' bathroom use under Maine's Human Rights Act.
A case decided last year involved a middle school boy in Orono who identifies himself as a girl and wasn't allowed to use the girls' bathroom. In the other case, decided in 2009, a transgender woman was denied use of the women's restroom at Denny's Restaurant in Auburn.
Both instances prompted lawsuits, though the Denny's case was resolved out of court.
Fredette dissented in both findings by the commission.
As a lawmaker, he said, he's intent on providing "balance" in the law.
Gov. Paul LePage supports the measure, according to testimony from his chief legal counsel, Dan Billings.
"We agree that the way to deal with these issues is to try and work them out," he said. "(But) when you are sitting down to work out these things, one side of the discussion has a club, and that's the litigation that's currently allowed by the Maine Human Rights Act; and by passing this bill, you bring that back to a more even playing field."
For the many Mainers who spoke in opposition, Fredette's proposal represents an erosion of civil rights.
"Make no mistake about it, this is a repeal bill," said Jennifer Levi, director of Gay and Lesbian Advocates and Defenders' Transgender Rights Project. "The reality is that the current law is working and it's working fine. In nearly six years of nondiscrimination law being enforced, only three cases have ever been filed involving transgender people being denied access to restrooms."
Levi said the Denny's case "was an example of the workability of the current law and the demonstration of the disastrousness of the so-called biological rule."
The restaurant's management realized over time that to avoid getting sued for discrimination, it would have to ask every customer who wanted to use the restrooms to confirm their biological sex, Levi said.
Max Katler of Whitefield said many people he interacts with don't even know he is transgender.
"Until today, I have never had a problem using a public restroom, have never gotten so much as a dirty look," he said. "That would all change under this bill. Every day, whenever I was involved in public or civic life, like attending this hearing, I would be subject to public inquiry invading into the most private aspects of my life."
Others said the proposal would cause more discomfort, not less.
"Why make these people stand out even more when all they want is to blend in?" said Marissa Exchange, a teenager from Westbrook.
By approving a ballot question in 2005 that expanded Maine's Human Rights Act to apply to sexual orientation, including gender identity, Mainers weighed in on the issue, said Kate Knox, on behalf of Equality Maine.
In 2007, she said, lawmakers voted down a measure similar to Fredette's.
"In a just society, discrimination is intolerable in any measure. You either treat everyone fairly or you discriminate," Knox said.
The Maine School Management Association testified in support of Fredette's bill, as did representatives from the Christian Civic League of Maine and Concerned Women for America in Maine.
Groups lining up in opposition included the Maine Civil Liberties Union, the Center for Prevention of Hate Violence, the Maine Women's Lobby, Maine's Transgender Network, the Maine branch of the National Association of Social Workers and the Religious Coalition Against Discrimination.
The Maine Restaurant Association testified but did not take a position on the bill.
The Judiciary Committee will schedule a vote on the issue in the coming weeks.
Rebekah Metzler -- 620-7016
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A rough year, survived by most
When we published our report Surviving the storm at the German Ship Finance Forum this time last year, it was clear that the industry was confronted by some of the fiercest challenges in its history. Recent years had returned only growth to liners, ship owners, ship builders, ports and other associated parts of a sprawling, global sector. But the world economic collapse hit hard and weakened each link in the shipping supply chain. The reversal in world trade trends (see graph below) had a near-immediate effect on the need for transport to move goods around the world and prices tumbled as a consequence.
The shock waves rocked the industry all the harder for the fact that it was gearing itself up for continued steep growth: decline or even stasis had previously been unimaginable and therefore had not been widely planned for, even by the most risk-averse players. So, as world demand evaporated, the industry became burdened with unneeded capacity (see graph on next page) and the unwelcome prospect of brand new ships being readied for launch. As 2008 ended and last year began, the maths started to look pretty frightening. Both freight rates and charter rates slumped into loss-making territory. For owners, ships ordered just a couple of years back for, say, $50m might by last year have been worth $25m. For banks, assets were threatened and for investors, forecast returns were looking like fanciful dreaming in retrospect.
Yet the industry sails on. The catastrophic failures that were looking so distinct a possibility as the economic world stumbled did not materialise. No major carrier fell in 2009 and no bank imploded because of its exposure. Of course, that forms only part of the story... Although the shipping sector has shown its inherent strength in making it through the year with some semblance of completeness, there have been horror stories.
For liners and ship owners, 2009 was almost universally a year of loss. Although many shipping companies are private, those publicly listed reveal that the damage caused was significant. There have been pockets of comfort: ports, for example, have remained in a solid position and certain offshore companies even made a profit last year. For the majority of dry-bulk, container and tanker shipping, though, there was really only one direction.
But just as their world was rocked, so it can be seen that others have sought advantage. A shift in the way bulk markets work has been noted by Tim Jones, chief executive of international ship broking firm Barry Rogliano Salles. He points to businesses for which 2009 represented an opportunity for strategic manoeuvres: 'A suppliers' market has emerged. Forty per cent of the capesize fleet was chartered to deliver iron ore CIF [cost, insurance, freight] by the mining companies Vale, Rio Tinto and BHP Billiton.' Freight as a commodity has become integrated into industrial processes. And although there may still be dry-bulk capacity sitting idle and to be delivered, he points to the huge increase in China's import of steel and coal in 2009 as an indicator that the sector remains active.
Elsewhere, Jones notes the prescient actions of certain carriers, particularly Oldendorff – a company that sold ships and weathered the downturn with an increased reliance on chartered vessels, remaining poised to take advantage of cheaper assets as values fall in line with the reduced charter returns.
Though rare success stories are there to be found, tales of woe are abundant. Shipping newspaper TradeWinds continues to publish its 'Crisis watch' section – and there has been no shortage of content. Jan-Holger Arndt, a Freshfields partner who has advised banks and shipping companies throughout the recession, sums up the damage: 'There have been some total failures. In Germany alone, 13 one-ship companies have gone under. Companies with critical mass have faired better, but losses have been counted and debt has grown fast.' Arndt notes that the crisis has been a leveller – with the biggest liners and owners seeing fortunes sink in unison. But he is quick to speak up on behalf of the industry. 'We see an industry in crisis because of the global recession. The situation is as it is because of the behaviour of the market, rather than poor strategy.'
The clean-up operation, though, is a necessity regardless of the origins of the problem. 'We have seen impressive efforts on behalf of both the industry and the financial institutions to ensure that the storm is weathered,' he adds, 'and both sides have shown intelligence and resilience in defending themselves from collapse.'
Keeping the industry afloat
At the forefront of initiatives to survive the dual effects of increased capacity and decreased demand has been operational adjustment. Early in 2009, freight rates bottomed out. Since then, they have bounced back up – with the big carriers making a concerted move to slow-steam and withdraw ships to reduce capacity and restore higher prices. As the year ended, those companies with a balanced cost structure were trading at break-even or better. Of course, with capacity lying idle, it is inevitable that there are those who will see the downside of the industry-wide move to increase freight rates – and charter rates remain low. It is a point noted by Jesper Kjaedegaard, partner at Mercator International and chairman of Maritime UK: 'The huge drop in volumes in 2008 and 2009 paired with a significant new building programme has led to around 12 per cent of the world's container ship tonnage being laid up. As it tends to be favourable for the big carriers to keep their own vessels in operation, there are owners unable to charter out their vessels and who are suffering as a consequence. The German KGs have been particularly badly hit – and much of their capacity is lying idle off Singapore.'
Elsewhere in operations, the future shape of fleets has been modified in reaction to shrunken demand. Flamboyant ship-building plans have been revised across the board – with companies looking to alter timings or costs or even to scrap new-build plans.
Stories of sharp contract negotiations abound – as is typical in an industry fighting for its very survival. In many cases, the detail of an original contract has been overruled for a 'best-case scenario' price – and one doesn't have to look far to find examples of ship owners chartering their assets out at a discount from what was promised. After all, it is easily argued that covering costs is better than tying a vessel to a harbour wall on principle.
The industry seems to have made a conscious, if slightly uncomfortable, decision that tough times call for practical measures. There certainly seems little appetite to take negotiations to court. Even if that might make legal sense, the cascade effect is such that one company's potential failure very obviously represents a threat up and down the supply chain.
Beyond operational streamlining and contract negotiations, companies have had to look for innovative emergency measures to help them cope with increasingly daunting liabilities. The inevitably extended period of over-capacity – our expert contributors predict recovery of supplydemand equilibrium arriving as late as 2014 – means that even the biggest players and the most prudent companies have had to look at significant restructuring. To an industry so used to growth, this has been a steep learning curve. Freshfields partner Lars Westpfahl has seen increasing urgency on both sides of the equation: 'As the crisis deepened, banks quickly became aware that they were facing the spectre of borrower default. Initially this would be dealt with on a case-by-case basis. But as the recession deepened, and likely recovery moved farther into the distant future, it became clear that this was a systemic problem that would require global solutions.'
Banks have, in general, shown a willingness to help the industry renegotiate the terms of their loans. With analysts believing that shipping will likely make a good recovery as global demand resumes, it is clearly in the lenders' favour to avoid write-downs when their troubled assets may well be returned to health.
The sector has also seen salvation in the form of faithful shareholders and new investors on the capital markets. CSAV, the largest of the South American shipping companies, last year pushed through a three-phase capital increase to cope with financial losses incurred. It found a total of $710m of new financing, initially from existing investors and other third parties, followed by further funds from German ship owners. Effectively a debt-for-equity swap, this robust series of moves – combined with operational adjustments – leaves CSAV in a strong position. In total, around 80 ship-owning entities were involved, showing just how wide-reaching such activities can be.
Shipping remains an area of concern to banks and, increasingly, to governments and regulators. Although wholesale governmental intervention has not yet occurred – there are isolated initiatives under way, such as Korea's ship purchase and finance programme – the industry is big enough in certain countries to ensure that its fate is of national concern. We have not yet reached the stage at which governments step in to prop up failing companies, as for the automotive sector, for example. But the industry is being watched. Regulators, too, in seeking to ensure banks are not dangerously exposed, will increasingly become a consideration for the shipfinancing sector. This year will likely bring closer scrutiny of banks' ship books.
Westpfahl spots a change in relationship between banks and the industry over the past year: 'Some borrowers previously had a tendency for coldness towards the banks. But both sides have seen their risk increase and we are now witnessing genuine efforts to work collaboratively. It has been agreed that fire sales and liquidations can present greater risk to both sides than renegotiation of terms.' Where there is a financing gap that cannot be resolved through such adjustments, low asset prices have already started to interest new players – particularly in private equity. 'It is very likely,' adds Westpfahl, 'that the capital markets will become more involved in shipping over the next couple of years. This will lead to enhanced levels of transparency to meet the demands of regulators.'
A natural target for investment is the ship-building pipeline. New money will come to the aid of companies struggling to comply with contracts set before the recession. Ship prices are now looking attractive and could bring good returns when the sector returns to health.
The industry may yet prove able to guide itself out of danger with collective determination and practical protective measures. And, as Tim Jones points out, assets are now eminently affordable to those with the means. Although it is certain that many will have to fight hard to survive, and the shape of the sector may noticeably change as a consequence, new opportunity is starting to take the edge off the gloom.
The content of this article is intended to provide a general guide to the subject matter. Specialist advice should be sought about your specific circumstances.
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Boulder Bach Festival, Brandenburg Concerto no. 1 in F Major, Cöthen, clarino, cors de chasse, Dresden, embouchure, hand-stopping, harmonic series, Horace Fitzpatrick, horn, hunting horn, Leipzig, natural horn, nodal venting, performance practice, Richard Seraphinoff, terminal crook, valves
Bach’s Brandenburg Concerto no. 1 in F Major (BWV 1046) will be performed at the 3 March 2012 Finale Concert of the Boulder Bach Festival at 7:30pm at Mountain View Methodist Church in Boulder.
The Concerto opens with a fanfare that Horace Fitzpatrick has traced to a Saxon hunting horn call from the early eighteenth century. The strident cors de chasse used in the hunt were usually pitched in D and were wound in large, single hoops that could be worn diagonally across the hunters’ chests while on horseback, but Bach composed the Concerto for a pair of shorter, more tightly wound orchestral horns of either a fixed length that always sounded in the key of F or were fitted with terminal crooks that allowed them to be pitched in a variety of keys.
Both of those types of horns could have easily played both the hunting and Bach fanfares as they call for only a few of the lower notes of the harmonic series that coincide with a major triad, but in the Concerto, Bach quickly abandons the simple vocabulary of the hunt and requires the hornists to take up the higher clarino register of the natural instrument that includes pitches of the harmonic series that only approximate a diatonic scale. In performances by orchestras that play modern instruments, these approximations are all but eliminated by employing pitch-altering devices (i.e., “valves”) that were grafted onto the natural instrument in the nineteenth century, but orchestras performing music of the eighteenth century on period instruments must take care to avoid a suspect performance practice that might be visually appealing but is historically implausible.
Iconography of Bach’s day typically shows orchestral players holding their bells upright, but Baroque horn builder Richard Seraphinoff notes that “questions arise when playing Bach’s horn parts. There are so many non-harmonic series notes in Bach that one might think that players must have had some method of altering the pitch of the open overtones other than bending the notes with the embouchure.” The codification of hand-stopping has traditionally been attributed to a Dresden hornist shortly after 1750, but Seraphinoff encourages us to “give the players of the period the benefit of the doubt and assume that they were clever enough to try the experiment of putting the hand in the bell to correct intonation when asked by a conductor or violinist or oboist to ‘please do something about those out of tune notes,’ a request that was probably made more than once in the early part of the eighteenth century. Job security has always been the mother of invention.”
Therefore, when performing Bach’s horn parts on period instruments, the twentieth-century application of nodal venting, an entirely non-historical disfiguration of the Baroque horn that allows it to be played in tune with the bell upright, is much less appropriate than the technique of hand-stopping, a practice that is likely to have been embraced by hornists living only a short distance from Cöthen and Leipzig during Bach’s lifetime.
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From Ohio History Central
Mary Ellen Withrow, 1994
Ohioan Mary Ellen Withrow has had a long and distinguished career in public service. In 1969, she became the first women elected to the Elgin Local School Board in her native Marion County, Ohio. In 1976, Withrow won election as the Marion County treasurer. Voters reelected her in 1980. Before Withrow completed her second term, Ohio voters elected her as the state's treasurer. In this capacity, Withrow excelled and became recognized as one of the best state officials in the entire United States. In 1990, City & State Newspaper selected her as the country's Most Valuable State Public Official. Leaders across the United States respected her for her fiscal responsibility. Withrow served as president of both the National Association of State Treasurers and the National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers. Ohioans reelected Withrow as state treasurer in 1986 and in 1990.
In 1994, President Bill Clinton nominated Withrow, a member of the Democratic Party, as United States Treasurer. The United States Senate confirmed her unanimously, making Withrow the first person to become U.S. Treasurer who also had served in a similar capacity at both the local and state levels. She served in this position from March 4, 1994, until the end of President Clinton's term in office on January 21, 2001. While U.S. Treasurer, Withrow introduced the State Quarters Project and also authorized the issuance of the Sacagawea dollar and the redesign of the five, ten, twenty, fifty, and one hundred dollar bills.
Withrow currently serves as one of the directors of Women Executives in State Government. She also is an inductee into the Ohio Women's Hall of Fame.
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Children and adults with bone and soft tissue diseases require both a comprehensive and a personal approach for the diagnosis and treatment of their complex disorders.
To accomplish this, an interdisciplinary team of dedicated specialists must oversee every aspect of each patient’s care—from the first symptoms through all treatments (often including complex reconstructive surgery) and rehabilitation.
Our Tumor and Bone Disease Service delivers that level of care to each and every one of our pediatric and adult patients who turn to us for the most advanced diagnostic and treatment approaches—along with the personal and compassionate attention we provide—for bone and soft tissue disorders including:
post-traumatic complications such as nonunion and painful joints
In collaboration with the Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center at NewYork-Presberian/Columbia University Medical Center, our service is able to offer exceptionally comprehensive care for patients with malignant bone and soft tissue diseases.
The members of this dedicated interdisciplinary team have extensive research and clinical expertise in their respective specialties including adult and pediatric medical oncology; reconstructive surgery; radiation oncology; radiology; and musculoskeletal pathology. This enables the team to identify and deliver what they carefully determine are the best medical and surgical options for each individual patient under its care—treatments including novel therapeutic modalities, advanced reconstructive techniques, and limb-saving surgery.
Orthopaedic surgeons in the Tumor and Bone Disease Service also perform complex reconstructive surgery. Patients requiring this type of surgery benefit from expertise of an orthopaedic surgeon—who specializes in allograft cartilage transplantation, bone allografts, custom-designed expanding tumor prostheses for growing children, and tumor prostheses for adults—and the skills of Columbia Orthopaedic microvascular surgeons who specialize in reconstructive surgery.
If you would like to learn more about our Tumor and Bone Disease Service and our personalized approach to care, please to speak to a member of our team. If you would like to make an appointment, please call 212-305-4565.
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NEW YORK (Reuters Health) - When it comes to treating autism, there are still more questions than answers.
That's the message from a series of reviews published today in the journal Pediatrics, in which researchers analyzed past studies on the effectiveness of medication or behavioral and developmental therapies in kids with autism spectrum disorders.
Parents, doctors, and even entire school systems are "routinely put in the position of having to make decisions about what the most appropriate services will be" for kids with autism, said Zachary Warren, one of the researchers, in an interview with Reuters Health.
"What we would really hope for is an evidence base where you could make those decisions based on what we know about how particular children respond to particular interventions," said Warren, who runs an autism clinic at Vanderbilt University in Nashville, Tenn.
But for most treatment options, there is not convincing evidence that they actually help kids get better, Warren said.
Close to 1 percent of children in the United States have an autism spectrum disorder, which includes both autism and Asperger's syndrome. People with these conditions have difficulty interacting with and understanding the emotions of others, and they often engage in repetitive behaviors.
Most children with autism are treated with behavioral therapy starting at a young age, and many will try multiple kinds of therapy or medications as they get older.
For their reviews, Warren and his colleagues collected data from all studies done in the last decade on the effectiveness of a range of medications and therapies in reducing symptoms of autism.
In their most convincing finding, the authors determined that secretin - a hormone otherwise used to treat stomach ulcers -- is not an effective treatment for kids with autism. Excitement about the drug started in the late 1990's, when very limited evidence suggested it might promote social skills in kids with autism - but after more thorough research, it's clear that's not the case, Warren said.
That conclusion was based on 7 past studies that found the drug did not improve language or reasoning skills or any other autism symptoms.
The researchers found there was not enough evidence to determine whether anti-depressants such as Prozac and Celexa or the stimulant drug Ritalin might help kids with autism.
There is some evidence showing that both Risperdal and Abilify might help cut down on kids' repetitive behaviors. But because both drugs may cause side effects such as uncontrolled muscle tremors and drowsiness, the authors said they should only be used in kids who are very impaired because of their autism.
Dr. Bryan King, the director of Seattle Children's Autism Center, said that as many as 70 percent of kids with autism are treated with some kind of medication.
"The real take-home message for me.... is the striking disparity between the treatments that we use and the number of children that are receiving them, and the strength of the evidence that we have in support of these practices," said King, who was not involved in the current study.
It is "hard to reconcile" the popularity of these drugs with the lack of information about their effectiveness, he told Reuters Health, but not having enough evidence isn't the same thing as saying the drugs don't work.
Warren and his colleagues concluded that intensive behavioral therapy or behavioral treatment started in very young kids has helped some of them improve reasoning and language skills, as well as their ability to interact with others. It's hard to know which kids will benefit from those therapies, however.
"Some (behavioral) interventions can show some pretty dramatic changes," Warren said. "At the same time, understanding which specific treatments are going to be best for specific (kids) - we're not quite there."
King said it was time to "redouble our efforts" to gain more conclusive evidence on possible treatment options.
The research "just really highlights that we urgently need new treatments and better treatments, in addition to refining our understanding of how available treatments work for specific individuals and specific families," Warren concluded.
SOURCE: http://bit.ly/5n5tuz Pediatrics, online April 4, 2011.
The #1 daily resource for health and lifestyle news!
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The latest news, tips and recipes for people with diabetes.
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Yoga for Back Pain
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Sport regulators 'must work more closely with engineers'
A report has urged sports regulators to work more closely with engineers to prepare for the next wave of technological advances.
Sports Engineering: An Unfair Advantage? published by the Institution of Mechanical Engineers (IMechE) claims advances in nanotechnology, 3D printing and biomedical engineering are set to bring about a new wave of technology in sport.
To prepare for these developments and counter accusations of ‘technology doping’, the report calls for sporting regulators to predict the consequences new technologies can have on sport and to work more closely with engineers.
Philippa Oldham, lead report author and head of manufacturing at IMechE, said: ‘Most sport regulators are not yet encouraging or involving engineers when they are making the rules and developing their regulations.’
A recent example of regulators failing to work with companies developing new sporting technology is the international swimming body, FINA (Fédération Internationale de Natation), banning Speedo’s LZR racer suit, which helped swimmers break three world records within a week of its launch and many more after — several of which still stand today and are unlikely to be broken for decades, according to some critics.
Traditionally there has been an emphasis on developing equipment, such as the Speedo swimsuit, to enhance an athlete’s performance in a competition. However, there is an increasing amount of technology being developed that can be used to analyse an athlete’s performance in the build-up to a competition.
With the help of £2m funding from the EPSRC and UK Sport, Loughborough University researchers have developed an analysis system that is able to wirelessly track a swimmer’s movement through the water.
Key to the system is a black box the size of a pack of cigarettes containing accelerometers, gyroscopes and other sensing technologies that sits in a ridge on a swimmer’s lower back.
It generates comprehensive data on the swimmer’s body position, speed and acceleration and enables coaches to provide feedback and advice that is more objective than previously possible. The data is accessed via a laptop and can be used to suggest alterations to the swimmer’s technique at the poolside during training.
‘It’s difficult to transmit data through the water because water tends to want to absorb radio frequency,’ said Paul Conway, project leader and director of the Innovative Electronics Manufacturing Research Centre at Loughborough University. ‘The water tends to attenuate the signal and shift its frequency and you lose a lot of the energy in the transmission.’
The team overcame this problem by optimising the frequency and the antenna design of the device and linking it to intelligent software that can collect data even when the wireless signal breaks down with the help of video cameras and pressure pads at each end of the pool. The exact details of how data is transmitted through the water are sensitive at this moment in time while the team attempts to patent the technology.
Several athletes representing Team GB in this summer’s London Olympics have used the technology in the lead up to the games.
Conway does not believe that the system causes any alteration to a swimmer’s performance. ‘They wear an elastic belt around the waist where not much happens as it’s a fixed part of the swimmer’s body,’ said Conway.
Meanwhile, Steve Haake, director of sports engineering research at Sheffield Hallam University, told The Engineer that the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle comes in as soon as technology is attached to an athlete. ‘If you attach something to their back it’s going to change the way they swim so you’re not measuring the thing you thought you were measuring,’ he explained.
‘The dilemma of the sports engineer is that we want to prove that the things we do are fantastic and affect performance immensely,’ Haake added. ‘But we also want to prove that it doesn’t make too much of a difference because if it makes too much of a difference then it gets banned.’
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A two-wheel canvas for creativity, or what pedals have to do with pedestals.
We’ve already seen how the humble bicycle can emancipate women (and keep them patriarchy-bound), rein in incredible design innovation, be a manifesto for the creative life, and serve as a metaphor for computers, courtesy of Steve Jobs. But, it turns out, the bike can also be an incredible canvas for art. Bike Art: Bicycles in Art Around the World presents a voyeuristic tour of the lesser-known intersections of art and bike culture, spanning design, performing arts, steampunk, street art, and more through works created on walls, canvases, paper, pedestals, bikeframes, skin and clothing by a range of international artists.
And, of course, what’s a declaration of obsession if not signed by ink? If science geeks can do it, bike geeks can do it:
For more on the fascinating history and far-reaching impact of bike culture, don’t forget Robert Penn’s excellent It’s All About the Bike: The Pursuit of Happiness on Two Wheels.
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Prepared by Mrs. John Kyle
The history of this community dates back to the land grant given by and surveyed by George Washington in 1770. Said lands being given to soldiers who fought in the French and Indian War, and the lands were purchased and acquired in various ways from their descendants by the parties mentioned in this history.
Situated as we are between two of the oldest towns in West Virginia, Guyandotte founded in 1810, and Barboursville in 1813, our community is full of interesting historical incidents. I called upon one of the oldest surviving inhabitants who at the age of eighty-five has a remarkably clear memory of old settlers, beginning with himself Mr. Lewis Wintz showed me an old deed dated 1833 conveying to one Alexander Roberts seventy-five acres of land now known as the Wintz Hollow. It was conveyed to Robert by Lett W. Tazewell then Governor of Virginia. Mr. Wintz purchased the land in 1860 making him one of the oldest land owners in this community having been owner of the land for sixty-three years with no change of ownership.
Probably the oldest settlers in this part of Cabell County were the Cox Family. William T. Cox who was born in Buckingham County, Virginia, in 1790 moved to Mason County, West Virginia, in 1811, married Sarah White, and moved to the Baker Farm where he lived until 1855. He then bought the Cox Landing Farm from Adam Woodyard. Mr. Cox was the father of eleven sons and one daughter, and was evidently not a believer in race suicide. The present site of Cox Landing at the time of purchase was covered with very valuable timber which was used as fuel to make steam to run boats on the Ohio River. The land is still in possession of the Cox family. The children of John Cox, son of William T. Cox, make the fifth generation of Cox's to own this land. William T. Cox was one of our first citizens to come out for prohibition. He signed the pledge reproduced here, in 1876.
National Christian TEMPERANCE UNION
"With malice toward none and Charity to all."
I, the undersigned, do pledge my word and honor,
God Helping Me
to abstain from ALL intoxicating liquors as a beverage, and that I will by all honorable means encourage others to abstain.
WM. T. COX.
The Herrenkohl family whose father Thomas Herrenkohl was a native of Germany and came to America about the time of the Civil War purchased a tract of land next to Cox place from Dyke Bowen who originally bought it from Dud Holderby. The tract from Bowen's to Dunkle's was the Old Holderby farm which was bought from Captain Morgan by the Honorable Ed Kyle.
Mr. Kyle was born in County Clare, Ireland, and immigrated to America at the age of eight years. Mr. Kyle was in many ways a remarkable man. He was educated in WheeIing and was assistant auditor to the first state auditor, Samuel Crane, and assisted in opening the books of the New State of West Virginia. Mr. Kyle bought land amounting to 800 acres from the Holderby heirs, Bob Holderby, and also the three Holderby girls who married men by the names of Cole, Buffeyton, and Jenkins in 1855. Mr. Kyle was twice elected Sheriff of Cabell County and raised the largest crop of wheat that was ever raised in Cabell County, 18000 bushels, at one time. Mr. Kyle deeded land for the first free school in his neighborhood. He also gave the land, for the site of, helped build the Olive Baptist Church, and the furnishings of the church were paid for by Mr. Kyle alone.
The old Joe Cox Homestead was built in 1856 by his grandfather, William T. Cox. The old Grandpa Herrenkohl house that stands near Seven Mile trestle was built by Bill Joy in 1836. The old log house built by Captain Bukey in I850 is still standing, having been moved from its original place to a spot just opposite the Old Kyle cemetery. The log house now owned and occupied by John Kyle was built in 1859 by a man named Maupin. These four old buildings are probably the oldest in this district; built out of poplar logs, and hewed by hand, they are sound as the day they were built except the floors, roofs, etc., have been renewed.
That this community was often the former hunting grounds of Savages is proved by numerous Indian relics found from time to time. The bottoms were found covered with old tomahawks, arrow-points, etc., by the old settlers. The wide cultivated fields a hundred years ago were almost virgin forest. At a later date the finest walnut timber in the country was shipped to England after being cut and hauled by the sons of Ed Kyle, Sr.
The younger generation have a heritage to be proud of from these old pioneers and should zealously up hold the traditions of an earlier day.
Community Histories Index
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Bagby and Pasley-Taylor Leadership Programs
The Bagby and Pasley-Taylor Leadership programs are new initiatives by the Emerson Center for Leadership and Service and the Office of Intercultural Engagement that provide African American students at Westminster with the opportunity to interact and learn from African American leaders from the Callaway County and Fulton communities. Both programs meet once a month in order to encourage networking, mentoring, and college-community unity.
The Bagby Leadership Program, whose focus in on African American men and is named after Westminster Trustee and Fulton native, General Byron Bagby
, met for the first time on September 25th. A total of 24 students and 6 community leaders participated.
The Pasley-Taylor Leadership Program, whose focus is on African American women and is named after Fulton’s own Billie R. Taylor and Mamie Pasley
, met for the first time on October 18th with the participation of 13 community leaders and 8 students who shared conversations about their expectations and goals for the program.
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I just like to know where on earth it comes from. I'm not one to get all aglow over information when there's no apparent way to judge the reliability of that information.
Ancestry.com released a new database recently "Family Photo Collection, c. 1850-2000."
Here is a screen shot of one result from that collection made on 8 January 2013.
In the "more about the database section," it states that: "This database is a collection of customer-submitted ancestral and relative photos." That seems a little bit vague to me.
There is no submitter information on this photo.
This database must be a work in progress, must not contain some photos in the online trees, or both. There are individuals that I know have pictures submitted in publicly available online trees whose pictures do not appear in this database. How complete the database is at this point is not my concern.
What concerns me is that I really have no idea where this picture came from--other than Ancestry.com. How do I know it is who the database purports it to be? Who submitted it? Where did they obtain it?
All of those are questions the genealogist should be asking. Of course the reliability of the identity of any photograph is based upon the perceived knowledge of the informant. Grandma Neill may tell me that the picture she has is of her Grandpa Trautvetter and, unless someone else can corroborate that, I only have Grandma's word on which to base my photo identification. The difference in that case is that at least in my sources I can identify my Grandma Neill as the informant. I don't have the option of identifying the informant on some of these photographs.
What About Pictures in Grandma's Bible? Those aren't always identified either.That's true. But at least if I find the pictures in Grandma's old Bible, at least I have some iota of hope that they are related to her family in some way shape or form. I have no idea where images that "pop up" in an online collection actually came from at all. They maybe accurately identified or they may not. I can at least indicate that I located a picture in Grandma's old Bible.
I can't say that about unsourced pictures on a website. Saying "I got it off the internet" and don't know who submitted it is about the vaguest source citation one can make.
I'm not anti-Ancestry.com , I'm just pro-documentation.
Update: 9:34 AM CST-8 January 2013
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Is 6:1-2a, 3-8
Ps 138:1-2, 2-3, 4-5, 7-8
1 Cor 15:1-11 or 15:3-8, 11
My daughter just turned one last Sunday. I cannot help but marvel at the little girl she has become in the last year. She is walking, talking, willful, curious and courageous. When I look at her, I am filled with gratitude. She is a precious gift from God. Try as I might, I could have never dreamed up a better daughter. I am also filled with humility. Though I have worked hard to provide for her (and I have never worked harder than I have worked this past year) she is not my doing. She is a gift and a task.
Our readings this week show us how discipleship too is a gift and task. The calling that we receive from God (the broad meaning of “vocation”) is God’s doing, not ours. It is not something we deserve or merit, but rather a gift freely given. We hear this idea expressed in several different ways. The prophet Isaiah encounters God seated on his throne and cries “Woe is me, I am doomed, for I am a man of unclean lips . . . yet my eyes have seen the King, the LORD of hosts!” After he is cleansed, he hears the voice of God calling him saying “Whom shall I send? Who will go for us?” Isaiah is given both the gift and the task of God’s call.
The apostle Paul is also explicit that his calling is both an unmerited gift and a task.
For I am the least of the apostles,
not fit to be called an apostle,
because I persecuted the church of God.
But by the grace of God I am what I am,
and his grace to me has not been ineffective.
Indeed, I have toiled harder than all of them;
not I, however, but the grace of God that is with me.
Therefore, whether it be I or they,
so we preach and so you believed.
This theme of discipleship as both a gift and a task is expressed even more beautifully in the gospel. The disciples have been fishing all night. They have been working hard. But then Jesus comes and tells them to lower the nets and they catch so many fish that their nets are tearing. You imagine them straining as they lug this enormous catch into the boat. Peter is the one to get what is happening here: “I can’t do this,” he must be thinking. “This task is too big for me.” Peter is right and wrong. The task is too big for him. But he can do it.
To be invited into the covenantal relationship we call discipleship is the greatest of gifts (with parenthood only second, in my opinion), but it is not a gift that we can just receive and call it a day. This covenantal relationship will require that we work harder than we have ever worked for an end that is ultimately not our own. As such, the Christian always lives in this place of tension, recognizing that works of justice and charity are absolutely integral to the life of discipleship, but with the knowledge that works of justice and charity never merit our call as disciples nor do they merit the kingdom we inherit as disciples. The Christian lives in the tension recognizing that by grace alone we are justified (as by grace Isaiah is cleansed of his sin so he can stand before God’s throne), but justification inspires the labor that will continue for the rest of the time we are here on earth.
In recognizing that discipleship is a gift and a task, the response requires both praise and moral activity. With regards to the latter, we have a mission to help build up God’s kingdom on this earth, but with regards to the former, he have a responsibility to give thanks to God for the gift of our calling. The very structure of the mass reflects this twofold response: in offering God thanksgiving and sacrifice in the Eucharist, we are nourished and strengthened to go bring that grace we receive into the world. When the priest say “Go, the mass is finished,” he is sending us forth not to our own private and separate lives, but on the road of the disciple called to bring the good news, heal the sick, have mercy on the marginalized, and pity on the sinner. We receive the gift of God’s grace in the mass, but a gift that impels us to labor for the sake of the gift. In the end we remember with the psalmist that the Lord will not forsake the work of HIS hands.
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Oct. 1, 2004
Harvard Professor Talks About the Vanishing Voter
Harvard Professor Thomas Patterson will speak about his book, "The Vanishing Voter," as part of the Wyman Lecture Series on Oct. 12 at 7:30 p.m. in Abbott Concert Hall of the Kleinpell Fine Arts Building.
His book analyzes why Americans are voting at historically low rates and why audiences for televised presidential debates have declined by half. Patterson will discuss how the declining participation in elections is related to the lack of leadership. For more information on Patterson's book visit www.vanishingvoter.org.
This speech is open to the public and free to UW-RF students. Nonstudent admission is $5. For more information on the Wyman Series call the Student Leadership Center at 715/425-4911.
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THE ESSENCE OF ISLAMIC LAW
contributed by Robert D. Crane, Esq., co-founder of the Muslim American Bar Association, formerly of Counsel to AMC, NM (and edited by Kareema Altomare)
1) The Nature of Islamic Law
Islamic law, known as the shari ‘ah, is the framework of ultimate reality and the ethical guidance that Muslim scholars have derived from the direct Revelation of Allah to man. Although Allah reveals the pattern of ultimate truth indirectly through the workings of the physical universe and in the observable nature of man, the ultimate source of knowledge about both physical and metaphysical reality - and therefore the ultimate source of the shari’ah - is the Qur’an. This divine text was revealed directly in human language to the Prophet Muhammad (saws), and is exemplified in the sunnah, which reports the Prophet’s understanding of this Final Revelation as shown through his words and deeds.
All Revelation to the Jewish Prophets (saws) and to Jesus (saws) is binding on Muslims unless specifically abrogated in the Qur’an. The shari’ah is a specific form of the shar’ or path to God which the Qur’an states was revealed to all the prophets of the Abrahamic succession.
Since the major purpose of Islamic law is to guide man’s search for truth, shari’ah touches on both transcendent and material experience. All aspects of every person’s spiritual understandings and undertakings, which come under the rubric of purification, or tazki ‘yah, should be consciously subject to the reality-check of Islamic law. This deeply spiritual nature of the shari’ ah provides the perspective for understanding and acting in accordance with the ethical
or moral standards that the creator has provided to guide every person’s and cornmunity’s
relations with other humans and with the rest of Creation. The shari’ah therefore provides the ultimate criteria for judgment on every aspect of one’s individual and social life.
2) The Methodology of Islamic Law
The process of gaining knowledge of Islam through jurisprudence, and the body of legal advisements so derived, is known as fiqh. The shari’ah consists both of specific rules and regulations, known as ahkam, which are the subject of istifta, or fiqh analysis, and of general principles induced by scholars over many centuries from study of the Qur’an, sunnah, and their application in everyday life.
The specific directives in the Qur’an focus primarily on the elements of formal worship known as the five pillars of Islam, because man cannot reason to this knowledge alone. These elements consist of the profession of faith, including the ‘aqidah or articles of faith common to all Abrahamic religions; and the rules for the five daily prayers, charity, fasting, and pilgrimage.
The general principles of Islamic law, also known as universals (kulliyat), essentials (dururiyat), and goals (maqasid), are derived by a system of reasoning known as istislah, which focuses on the common good of mankind. This system of thought, in turn, is part of the broader field of study known as usul alfiqh, or study of the sources of fiqh Analysis of the general principles of Islarnic law through the use of intellectual effort, known as iNtihad, gives meaning to the specific directives and also provides guidance on all aspects of Muslim life in the variable contexts of time and place. Islamic law thereby gives living expression to an elaborate science and art of interpreting and applying the injunctions of the Qur’an and the guidance of the Prophet Muhammad (saws). The development of an integrated and adaptable legal system which focuses on what is best for mankind as a whole is one of the most outstanding achievements of Muslim jurists. The methodology of Islarnic jurisprudence asserts that any ruling in the fiqh has meaning only to the extent that we can understand its rationale or higher purpose.
3) Human Responsibilities
The dignity of man derives from his acceptance, before the Creator of the Universe, of the responsibility to know right from wrong and to be a steward of the universe charged with caring for it and guiding it in accordance with the Divine Will. No beings in either the physical or metaphysical worlds have such a sllblime responsibility.
The rights of the human person and community derive from this responsibility, because every person and community must be free to carry out this stewardship. Every man and every woman, every Arab and every Jew, and every rich person and every poor person are equal in their responsibility to Allah and therefore in their dignity and in their human rights.
Islamic law focuses on human responsibility, because a focus on human rights can devolve into the selfishness of seeking to maximize one’s own freedom to do whatever one wants at the expense of others. If everyone would fulfill all of his or her responsibilities, individually and collectively, then everyone would be accorded the full range of human rights.
The scholars of Islam, have identified a half dozen overarching responsibilities, though some scholars will condense these to five or expand the number by elevating a secondary responsibility to the level of the universal or essential. The first three concern the essentials of life itself, whereas the next three concern the quality of life.
The first three essential areas of responsibility or duty in Islamic law are:
a) Respect for life, or “the right to life” known as haqq al haya This requires not merely respect for the unborn after the spirit or ruh has been breathed into the fetus, but also such social duties as respect for non-belligerents in war and the use of dispute settling mechanisms whenever possible to avoid violence that might threaten the lives of oneself or others. Respect for life requires most basically an understanding that lasting peace can result only from justice, and that therefore stability should be sought as the by-product of sound foreign policy rather than as its direct aim. Similarly, crime should be combated primarily by addressing the causes rather than the results of the criminal mentality.
b) Respect for community, or right to one’s identity as a member of a family, community, or nation, known as haqq al nasl. This focus on the family, and more broadly on expanding circles of community to include mankind and even all sentient beings in the universe, is unique to Islamic law, because it implies that sovereignty lies not in the extent of a country’s or a government’s power, as it does in Euro-American international law, but in the inherent dignity of the human person in community. This acknowledgment of the inherent right of the person to live in a series of legally recognized communities permits several levels of sovereignty, all subject to the highest sovereignty of God, and contrasts with the concept of exclusive sovereignty found in the so-called “nation-state” of the mid-twentieth century.
c) Respect for free, private enterprise, with broad capital ownership, known as haqq al mal. The principle of freedom for individual persons to own the means of production has been basic in all Islamic scholarship until the twentieth century. Unfortunately, the principle of equal opportunities to own capital or the tools of production has been largely ignored for over a thousand years because various “rulers” understood that concentrated political power requires concentrated property ownership. Denial of access to capital ownership in a capital-intensive economy can amount to the denial of the right to life itself. Therefore all institutions that work in practice to concentrate ownership, including the financing of economic growth through the use of interest rather than by risk-sharing in joint-ownership, are “illegal,” that is, morally illegitimate, in Islamic law.
The next three of the universals, essentials, or purposes of Islamic law, which concern the quality of life, are:
d) Political self-determination, or haqq al hurriyah. This is usually known as “the right to political freedom.” Islamically, however, this term emphasizes the responsibility of both the ruled and the rulers to establish permanent institutions designed to facilitate broad-based political participation by every member of a polity in its governance so that they can help determine their own immediate well-being and long-run destiny.
This universal, like each of the other five, contains a second-order level of responsibilities that serve to elucidate and carry out the primary responsibility. In the context of political self- determination, this next lower level of responsibility, known as hadyiyat, consists of iMma, which is the duty of the governed to reach consensus on critical issues, and shurah, which is the duty of the ruler to be responsive to this consensus. In a complex society, this might be accomplished best by using a concept of a hierarchy of assemblies that culminate in a national parliament.
The third necessary element in the system of government prescribed in Islamic law, in addition to the executive and legislative, is an independent judiciary charged with applying the principles of Islamic law, especially as they are spelled out in a formal constitution covering the organs, methods, and principles of governance chosen by the legislature. The judicial area of government is designed to limit both the ruled and the ruler so that the ultimate sovereign, both in theory and in fact, will be Allah.
5) Dignity, known as haqq al karama. The duty to respect human dignity is at the core of all Islamic law, because the essential purpose of the shari’ah is to help persons acknowledge and deepen their relationship to Allah and express this higher level of being especially in their relationships with each other. There are two major parts of this fifth universal principle of Islamic law.
The most important aspect of the principle of dignity is the duty to respect each person’s need to seek and worship God in his or her own way. This is known in Western thought as “freedom of religion.” In both traditional Islamic and traditional American thought, this most essential element of the dignity of man requires that the government avoid any sectarian bias in carrying out its duty to facilitate freedom of religion in public affairs.
Another aspect of this principle of dignity, which is second in importance only because it is so often ignored, is “gender equality.” Whereas the Prophet Muharnmad (saws) and the Islamic teachings of the prophetic period were breathtakingly revolutionary in recognizing the divinely ordained rights and responsibilities of women in society, the practice of later Muslims degenerated to the level of their neighbors and has largely remained at this level while the rest of the world has begun to understand and share the sophistication of the original Islamic heritage.
Islamic law recognizes a greater responsibility of wife and mother to care for the home and children, and a greater responsibility of the husband and father to support the family. The family, however, is a mutual support group, whereby all responsibilities are held in common through the principle of collective responsibility, or fard kifaya. It follows from this that if any duty is not being adequately met, each member has a personal responsibility, or fard ‘ain, to do whatever is required to fulfill that duty, whether it be the husband washing dishes or the wife working outside the home.
Similarly, to the extent that home duties and the work of financial support for the family have been satisfactorily accomplished, both husband and wife have equal responsibility to participate in social and political leadership when needed for the good of the community and even to accept the highest judicial, legislative, executive, or entrepreneurial position in the land if it is offered. There the criterion for judgment is not women’s rights or men’s rights, but individual responsibility. Gender is irrelevant when the issue is personal responsibility to meet the needs of society in accordance with the requirements of Islamic law.
f) Knowledge, or haqq al ‘ilm. A key to success in every aspect of private and public life is the duty to pursue knowledge. Since the highest purpose of every person is spiritual understanding, freedom to pursue the path of spiritual knowledge is paramount. We were created, however, as humans not as angels, so we have a duty to pursue whatever knowledge is useful to us individually and collectively in carrying out our responsibilities: to help the marginalized in society, to promote justice among people and nations, to multiply the material bounties of Allah, to work constructively in the political process, to participate with people of other faiths in addressing all the problems of society, and otherwise fulfilling all the requirements placed upon us by Islamic law.
The duty to respect knowledge goes beyond the negative task of protecting freedom of thought and expression, limited only by the duties to respect human dignity, and extends to the positive obligation of every person to learn as much as one can throughout one’ s life in order to fulfill the purpose for which one was created.
The nature and specific obligations inherent in Islamic law make it not only unique among mankind’s legal systems but the best suited as the paradigm of thought within which all religions and all peoples can cooperate in building a better world.
Originally published at http://www.islamicity.com/Politics/SHARIAH.HTM#S2
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Satellite radio lifting off
By Amanda Barnett
(CNN) -- The sky no longer will be the limit for radio fans looking for alternatives to broadcast stations.
XM Satellite Radio is launching service in Dallas-Fort Worth, Texas, and San Diego, California, on September 12. The company says service will be available across the continental U.S. in November.
"We're going to do to radio what DBS (Direct Broadcast Satellite) and cable television did to the TV industry...providing lots more choices." said Hugh Panero, president and CEO of XM.
The company says it will offer 100 channels: 71 with music formats, including 30 commercial-free stations. The other 29 channels will have news, talk shows, sports and entertainment programming.
A competing service, called Sirius, is expected to launch later this year.
But unlike its terrestrial counterpart, satellite radio won't be free.
First there's the initial cost of equipment.
Consumers will need special receivers to capture the satellite signal. The receivers start at about $150. XM says receivers will already be installed in some 2002 model cars. And adaptors will be available to allow existing radios to receive the satellite radio signal.
Then there's a monthly service fee. XM is charging $9.99 a month. Sirius will charge $12.95.
And the service area is limited. Neither company is planning worldwide service at this time.
Not very local radio
Most of the programming on XM radio will originate at the company's studios in Washington, New York and Nashville, Tennessee.
The lineup includes: five country music channels; 15 hot hits stations; 10 rock stations; seven urban; six jazz and blues; four dance; five Latin; seven world music formats; four classical stations; two channels aimed at children; eight news stations; four stations with business, finance and technology news; five sports; three comedy and nine variety channels.
Content also will be provided by MTV, ABC, ESPN, NASCAR, USA TODAY, BET, CNBC, The Weather Channel, Bloomberg, and CNN.
How does it work? Will it work?
Many radio listeners already get some programming by satellite. Network newscasts and syndicated programs are bounced off satellites to radio stations across the planet. But the stations rebroadcast the programs over the airwaves.
Satellite radio will bypass the local stations and beam a signal directly from its two satellites (called Rock and Roll) to subscribers similar to the way satellite TV works.
But since many people to listen to radio in their cars, the satellite radio signal also has to be able to hit a moving target, not a dish fixed on the side of a house. And what happens when a car goes through a tunnel or under a long bridge?
"That's the question," said Aaron Brodie, chief engineer and news manager for KNTU-FM in the Dallas suburb of Denton.
"When you get downtown there will be buildings blocking and reflecting. People may find their radios are cutting on or off."
Brodie said the new satellite radio might end up with the same problem that has plagued old-fashioned AM radio: drop out.
But Panero says his company has devices on the ground that will keep the hits coming, even when the satellite signal may not be able to reach cars.
"We have a terrestrial repeater network that will provide signal coverage in dense urban areas where you have tall buildings," he said.
Should local radio be worried?
One thing you won't hear on satellite radio is your local station. And Brodie thinks satellite radio listeners could miss important information.
"You won't know if there is a major storm heading your way, or a traffic tie up," he said.
But he added competition from satellite radio could challenge local stations to offer listeners more programming and fewer commercials.
"Traditional radio is going to have really rethink what it's doing," said Brodie. "Maybe they'll get back to the good old radio days."
CNN Interactive Correspondent Allison Tom contributed to this report.
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One issue is about getting cooperation from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers regarding recreation on lakes on the upper part of the river. Downstream legislators are eager to talk about deepening the shipping channel and developing a port in Jasper County.
“We’ll meet their folks and talk about issues. We’ll reach out the hand of friendship to them,” Rep. Alan Powell, R-Hartwell, said of the April 16 meeting.
Georgia legislators formed the Savannah River Caucus with about 30 lawmakers whose districts touch the river. They’ve met weekly for the past month and are beginning to generate momentum.
“The congressman in my area, Doug Collins, read about it in the local paper and is all excited about getting involved,” said state Rep. Dan Gasaway, R-Homer.
The Georgia caucus sponsored House Resolution 532, passed by the House Thursday. It urges the corps to reduce the flow of water out of Savannah River lakes during drought so there will be ample water for recreational use, which is critical to the region’s tourism.
Powell said that when he presented the resolution last week to the House Natural Resources Committee, he won enthusiastic support from legislators along the Chattahoochee River who have the same concerns about the Corps’ management of their lakes. Such support, coupled with that from South Carolina’s state and federal lawmakers, could be enough to sway the federal agency.
“This is working out pretty good,” he said.
Downstream on the Savannah River, there are other issues drawing attention of leaders from both states. One is the deepening of the shipping channel to accommodate larger freighters, a project that environmentalists and Charleston, S.C., politicians oppose for various reasons. The Port of Charleston is one of Savannah’s biggest competitors.
Powell said downstream legislators have been supportive of the concerns for the upper Savannah lakes, and the upstream lawmakers will
back their lower river colleagues.
“That’s how a caucus works, supporting each other’s positions,” he said.
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How can I know, precisely, when to differentiate the sounds of the letter a, like in: apple and vault?
This is an extremely broad question, actually, and I doubt there can be a single, definite, comprehensive answer. I will try to provide a few quick-and-dirty rules of thumb, but be aware that you will probably find exceptions to every single one of them.
Also, as Colin Fine points out, note that things are not pronounced the same everywhere. For example, can't can be pronounced as /kaːnt/, /kɑːnt/, /kænt/, and /keənt/, depending on what variety of English we are talking about. As a second example, the vowels in Mary, marry, and merry sound identical in certain dialects but not in others.
All that being said, on to the rules of thumb.
First, the basics. Here are the Wiktionary usage notes for a:
Now on to details, which I will be more adapting than quoting from the essay "Hou tu pranownse Inglish" by Mark Rosenfelder. Note that the order of the following rules of thumb is important. As the author puts it, "to pronounce a word, you go down the list of rules, seeing if each one in turn applies, and applying it if it does".
Again, these "rules" are only approximations, so take them with a grain of salt (also, I hope I haven't thrown in a few typos or copy-paste mistakes).
For further reading, see these questions:
Unfortunately English orthography is difficult. There are patterns (or rules), but there are sometimes conflicting patterns, and also many exceptions.
There are also further complications where pairs of words are distinguished in some dialects but not others: for example in my (UK) accent "ant" and "aunt" sound quite different (but "aunt" does not have the same vowel sound as "vault", and "aren't" sounds the same as "aunt") but in some American accents "ant" and "aunt" sound the same.
So it is difficult to give you a clear answer. "Au" is certainly a different environment from "a", and in most cases will be pronounced differently.
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I was recently asked about the apparent confusion in the digital design community about who does what. I mainly talk about usability and user experience as I believe these best encapsulate what matters to users – the total experience with a product, system or service.
However, other agencies see interaction design as the core service, which only bothers me because I think it runs the risk of confusing clients. In my view, it’s really quite straightforward.
The international standard ISO 9241-11 defines usability as:
The extent to which a product can be used by specified users to achieve specified goals with effectiveness, efficiency and satisfaction in a specified context of use.
So, good usability is part of an excellent user experience which is what we aim to achieve when we design products, systems or services. Interaction design is part of the process by which we do it.
The newly published Human Centred Design standard ISO 9241-210:2010 says interaction design is where we “design the tasks and the interaction between the system and the user”. It is central to the ‘produce design solutions (to meet user requirements)’ step in the human-centred design sequence shown here:
- The standard identifies seven interaction design activities (although only some of them are explicitly called interaction design):
- Making high level decisions (for example, initial design concept, essential outcomes).
- Identifying tasks and sub-tasks.
- Allocating tasks and sub-tasks to user and other parts of the system.
- Identifying the interaction objects required for the completion of the tasks.
- Identifying and selecting appropriate dialogue techniques [see ISO 9241 parts 12 to 17].
- Designing the sequence and timing (dynamics) of the interaction.
- Designing the information architecture of the user interface of an interactive system to allow efficient access to interaction objects.
Of course, such activities should never be done in isolation and I guess when lots of different people are involved, it’s difficult to be absolutely clear about the boundaries between the roles. Interaction design skills are valuable throughout the iterative human centred design process in helping to create visual designs which can be readily understood and evaluated by users.
For example, in a recent project, our interaction designer was involved at the beginning of the project creating quick-mock ups of design options for a CMS which were used to help specify the system and gain buy-in from business stakeholders.
Whereas, at insurance provider LV=, interactive storyboards and annotated lo-fidelity wire frames were produced to visually summarise results and to act as design templates at the end of the review and testing process.
Frankly, I do not really care what we call it, as long as we help our clients develop or procure effective and efficient systems which work well for their users, but I think it might help all of us explain what we do and why it is important if we could work towards using a common description for our services.
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About US Summer Camps & The Power of Camp!
In the US, summer camps have been a huge tradition for over a century – and each year over 11 million US kids & teens take part – and it’s easy to see why! Camp is a fantastic way to spend the summer – offering a truly rounded experience. From the fun & thrills of trying new activities, to the friendships made round the campfire. more
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May 4, 2011 | 4434 views
The 'Republican protection plan' will change your district
Legislators are at odds over proposed county redistrict plan
Nassau County Republicans unveiled a plan last week to redraw legislative districts — a plan that would figuratively uproot many voters and place them in politically unfamiliar territory. Malverne, Lakeview and West Hempstead — three communities that are currently divided among five county legislators — would each fall under the jurisdiction of a single legislator under the proposed redistricting.
The GOP’s proposal would pull Malverne out of Legislative District 6 and group it together with most of what is now LD 7 (the Five Towns). Lakeview, which is part of LD 2, would be absorbed into what is now LD 1, effectively changing the percentage of minority voters in LD 2. West Hempstead, which is now split between three legislators, would be represented by one legislator.
The plan is currently being both lauded and decried along party lines: the Democrats are accusing the Republicans of making a “pre-emptive power grab,” while the Republicans claim they are simply acting in accordance with a law that requires redistricting within six months of the release of census data.
The Nassau County Legislature was formed on May 24, 1994, after U.S. District Court Judge Arthur Spatt had ruled in 1993 that the county’s longstanding Board of Supervisors was unconstitutional because it violated the Constitution’s one-person, one vote rule. A 19-district Legislature was created to replace the Board of Supervisors. The Legislature’s first election took place in November 1995, and legislators took office for the first time on Jan. 1, 1996.
The county charter mandates that the Legislature’s lines be redrawn every 10 years to ensure that the population of legislative districts remains roughly equal, at 70,000, and that minority residents are fairly represented. Legislative lines were last redrawn in 2003 by a Democratically controlled Legislature.
At the time, the Legislature’s Republican minority challenged the redrawn lines in court, saying the new districts were oddly shaped and divided communities in order to provide Democrats with a political advantage in future elections.
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It’s late at night and you’re on the last leg of your trip. The gas gauge shows that you have between 1/8 and ¼ of a tank left. No problem—there are plenty of gas stations up ahead, so you continue driving, figuring that you’ll fill up at the next exit or two.
The Personal Safety Tactic
Wondering what a vehicle’s gas level has to do with personal safety? Not a thing, until you run out, or pull off and find that the gas stations are closed.
Running out of gas is the worst scenario because you’re stuck alone on the side of the road. You could use your cell phone to call the police, but the possibility also exists that someone could roll up behind you in a decidedly non-police car; a stranded motorist, especially a woman alone at night, is a favorite target of some criminals.
On the other hand, you may have no choice but to pull into a dimly lit out-of-the-way station and fill up. I’ve been to quite a few of those types of stations and some of the people who hang out at them are doing more than making purchases or discussing ball scores. They’re looking for people who they can convince to help improve their economic situation.
These are a couple of those “99 times out of 100” scenarios in which the police show up, a good Samaritan brings you a can of gas, or you pull off, fill up and go happily on your way. But why put yourself at increased risk. There’s no law that says a gas tank has to be close to empty before you fill it, and with a little planning and forethought, you can assure yourself that you won’t run out of gas, or be forced to stop at one of those stations that should only exist in movies.
You should know the approximate gas mileage of your vehicle along with its gas tank’s capacity. If it has a 20-gallon tank, and gets 22 miles per gallon, you can drive 440 miles between fill-ups. To leave yourself an acceptable safety margin, you should be sitting in a gas station if you’ve driven 370-380 miles since the last fill up. (An easy way to keep track of mileage is to reset the trip meter when you fill up. If your car doesn’t have a resettable mileage indicator, you can jot down the odometer reading when you fill the tank.)
And under any circumstance, keep in mind your mileage may vary….
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Barahi Temple on Phewa Lake
Located on an island in Nepal's Phewa Lake, stands the Barahi Temple. A visit to the island near the center of Lake Phewa is often included on tour packages in the area, and is certainly a must for anyone touring Pokhara. Set in stunning surroundings, many find Barahi Temple a peaceful place to relax, especially after canoing across the glistening waters of Phewa Lake.
Phewa Lake is the second biggest in Nepal. It size measures in at 4 km by 1.5 km. The lake itself is a major attraction drawing those who enjoy water sports, families and those who simply love absorbing the beautiful scenery. The warm waters are inviting and ideal for a trip on a little wooden boat, which can be rented along the shoreline. Along the Lakeside section of Phewa, visitors can explore the various souvenir stores, bookshops and restaurants. Simply hop aboard a boat and float out to the island in the center, to discover even more treasures.
On this pleasant, lush island you will discover the 2 story pagoda of Barahi Temple. This Hindu temple in Nepal is dedicated to Ajima in the boar manifestation, representative of the force of Shakti. Shakti is the Hindu mother goddess who is the origin of universal creativity and power. Shakti as a feminine power assumes several roles. In the form of Durga, Shakti protects the gods from demons. Durga takes on the manifestation of Ajima in the form of a boar called Barahi to pierce her evil enemies with her pointed tusks. Barahi is pictured with the face of a boar with a cup in one hand and fish in the other. As such, Barahi Temple is a very important center of worship for the Hindu devotees. Tourists are likely to see worshipers making their way to the temple on Saturdays carrying male animals for sacrifice.
Both local inhabitants of Pokhara and tourist alike flock to the Barahi temple regularly. If you plan on visiting the temple aboard your own hired boat, be sure to take a picnic along as the island in Phewa Lake is a lovely spot for relaxing, whilst surrounded by marvelous views.
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The 2006 tax swap — lowering local school property taxes and creating a new state business tax to make up the difference — is at the center of the state’s current budget troubles. It was never an even swap, and the architects are still pointing fingers over what and whom to blame for the “structural deficit” in state finances.
Then-Comptroller Carole Keeton Strayhorn told lawmakers at the time that the package of bills didn’t balance. But it was easy to dismiss her concerns because Strayhorn, a brash and ambitious Republican, was also campaigning as an independent for governor against Rick Perry, and the warnings were widely seen as a political attack on the incumbent.
In May 2006, she wrote a letter to Perry (copying it to reporters, of course) saying the swap was “the largest tax increase in history and leaves the largest hot check in Texas history.” By her reckoning, the state was raising $23 billion less with its new taxes over the first five years than it was promising in relief to property taxpayers in local school districts around the state.
Here’s a line that seemed inflammatory then but looks practically clairvoyant today: “At worst, it will relegate Texans to Draconian cuts in critical areas like education and health care for at least a generation. This is not a victory for taxpayers. It is a sham, and Texans will see it for what it is.”
She urged Perry to veto it. He signed it instead.
Lawmakers had a surplus the next time they met in regular session, in 2007. In 2009, they were prepared for the worst, with a wobbly economy and the effects of the school finance swap catching up with them.
Then they found a pot of gold, in the form of federal stimulus money. A recent report from the state auditor says Texas has received $22.6 billion in stimulus money as of February. Lawmakers got out of trouble in the 2009 session with an overall budget that was bigger than the one they wrote two years before that.
The trouble — call it a structural deficit if you want — started in 2006, when lawmakers were searching for something that would keep the state out of court over how it finances public schools. Specifically, they wanted to lower local school property taxes. But they needed new state revenue to do it.
Perry, a Republican, called on the former Comptroller John Sharp, a Democrat. The politics were strange: the two men were college buddies at Texas A&M and, later, political rivals — running against each other in a high-profile race for lieutenant governor in 1998 — and, after the scars got old, buddies again. Sharp had run in 2002 against Lt. Gov. David Dewhurst; they hadn’t (and haven’t) reconciled, which explains why the lieutenant governor is among those who blame the current problems on “Sharp’s business tax.”
Perry and his wingman assembled a blue-ribbon business panel, which proposed a new state business tax and a list of other measures that could lower local property taxes, keep the school finance lawyers at bay and not raise objections from professional and amateur tax protesters. They even got Grover Norquist to say it wasn’t a new tax if it didn’t ultimately increase the state’s income.
After it finally passed, it raised much less than it promised to spend. The Texas Taxpayers and Research Association, a business association that specializes in fiscal matters, estimated earlier this year that the 2006 swap costs the state $10.6 billion every two years, about half of it for the tax relief and about half for the increased spending on schools that got thrown in to sweeten the package. That was supposed to be made up by state surpluses — hey, it was a boom economy — and, in fact, that’s what happened at first.
Now the state is in the hole, and some blame the 2006 adventure. But as Dale K. Craymer, president of the taxpayers association, pointed out, they weren’t yelling about it when the state was running surpluses. Sharp’s somewhat defensive version is that lawmakers used a state surplus that year to pay for school improvements and that the comptrollers then and now overestimated what the new business tax would collect. Even so, everything worked, as long as the state was running surpluses. The economy wrecked that, and the stimulus let lawmakers put off the problem for two years.
Now it’s over, and they’re talking about a “structural deficit.” Sharp said it’s simpler than that: “The definition of a structural deficit is, ‘I ain’t got enough money to spend.’
Texas Tribune donors or members may be quoted or mentioned in our stories, or may be the subject of them. For a complete list of contributors, click here.
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Risk factors for osteoporosis are common among populations in the capital city Nuuk in Greenland and increase the risk of having had an osteoporotic fracture as 1 in 3 women in the oldest age group reported to have suffered from at least 1 fragility fracture verified by x-ray and subjects with multiple risk factors for osteoporosis had an increased risk of fractures. Only 2 of the participants with a fragility fracture, and 6 in the entire survey, took an antiosteoporotic drug and focus on osteoporosis is encouraged.
Fracture rates have been reported to differ with ethnic origin (12
). The number of hip fractures was lower in African-Americans compared with American Whites (20
). Bow et al. (23
) found that Asians aged 65 years or above suffered only half the number of hip fractures compared to Caucasians, but at least as many vertebral fractures, which is in keeping with findings by others (24
). Thus, studies comparing Caucasians, African-Americans and Asians suggest that ethnicity influences the risk of osteoporotic fractures.
A few studies of osteoporotic fractures have been made among Inuit. A study from Alaska reported twice the number of hip fractures in Inuit compared to subjects from the lower states in the United States (25
). However, this study did not take into account environmental differences such as the number of days with icy pavements, the number of hours with sunlight and the presence of a polar night, which may influence the risk of falls. These are considered risk factors for osteoporosis, as up to 98% of hip fractures are related to falls (26
). Leslie et al. (27
) found aboriginals in Canada to suffer twice as many osteoporotic fractures compared to non-aboriginals after adjusting for gender, age and area of residence. They used administrative health data and explained their finding of a higher fracture risk by co-morbidity and substance abuse rather than by ethnicity. The responders in our survey confirm more frequent fragility fractures among women aged 63–65 years and 69–77 years compared to younger women in the capital city of Greenland. This finding is similar to those in other groups and suggests some similarity between populations in Greenland and elsewhere.
Osteoporotic fractures are more frequent in subjects with low BMD (9
). Nelson et al. (28
) found that differences in BMD between ethnic groups in 2 countries were smaller than the differences between different ethnic groups within the same country. While this supports an ethnic difference in BMD, a comparative study of Inuit and non-Inuit in North Greenland found similar BMD in the 2 ethnic groups when adjusted for body build (15
). Hence, no ethnic difference in BMD seems to be present between Inuit and Caucasians.
Factors important for the risk of osteoporosis among other ethnic groups (7
) may also play a role among populations in Greenland. This is suggested by the findings by Cote and colleagues (29
). They measured bone stiffness by bone ultrasound and found an association with age, smoking, menopause, use of hormone replacement therapy, physical activity, and weight and height in addition to an influence of polychlorinated biphenyls. Our finding that fragility fractures are twice as common in individuals with more than 2 risk factors lends further support to this notion.
Smoking is a well-established risk factor for osteoporosis in other populations (30
) and the impact of smoking may increase with latitude (32
). Accordingly, Filner and colleagues (33
) found that current and former smoking increased the risk of low BMD in Alaska natives. In our survey, 61% of the younger respondents were smokers, which is in keeping with previous findings (17
). Fewer in the old age group were current smokers but the old responders remained at a higher risk of osteoporosis compared with never smokers. Hence, smoking may be an important factor in influencing fragility fractures in Greenland but the size of the population studied did not allow for analysis of individual risk factors.
Limited alcohol consumption may have a positive influence on BMD while heavy drinking increases the risk of osteoporotic fractures (34
). In our survey, alcohol consumption was associated only with the risk of any fracture and not with fragility fractures. This may relate either to the drinking pattern in Greenland that is characterised by binge drinking or to the lack of statistical power due to the limited number of heavy drinkers in our survey.
Osteoporosis is a common disease at high latitude countries such as the Scandinavian countries (11
). This may relate to low vitamin D levels due to inadequate sun exposure. The solar zenith angle is even higher in Greenland than in Scandinavia. Still, we included the question “limited sun exposure” in our questionnaire and we consider it to be a risk factor because the high intensity of the light in Greenland during spring and indication of dermal vitamin D production even in North Greenland (37
) in addition to vitamin D provided by the traditional Inuit diet (38
). Furthermore, stratospheric ozone depletion increases the UVB radiation in the circumpolar area in the range required for dermal vitamin D production (39
). Thus, sun exposure is likely an issue in populations in Greenland too.
Relatively few participants reported a family history of osteoporosis compared to other populations (7
). The low number may be due to a lack of awareness of osteoporosis in Greenland as the disease manifests with fractures at old age. A short life span was common until recent years. The mean life span has increased by 5.9 and 3.2 years among men and women respectively over the past 18 years and the fraction of people aged 65 years and older is expected to double in the next 30 years (40
). This will increase the occurrence of fragility fractures and hence the awareness of osteoporosis.
Age is a major risk factor for osteoporosis in other populations (30
). A similar association was seen in our study with a rise in fragility fractures with age leading to an increase in fragility fractures that reached 1 in 3 of the oldest women. Hence, focus on osteoporosis in Greenland is important considering the predicted increase in life expectancy.
The number of falls was markedly lower in the oldest compared to the younger age groups. This may be explained by the fact that the oldest people are retired and don't have to go out on icy pavements and roads combined with an inability to get outside when conditions are inhospitable. This is in keeping with the notably lower sun exposure reported by the oldest age group. Despite the fewer falls in the old, there was a steep rise in the occurrence of fragility fractures with age, which emphasises the importance of focus on both the treatment and prevention of osteoporosis in Greenland.
Treatment of osteoporosis was reported to be very scarce. Even subjects with obvious fragility fractures did not take medication for osteoporosis. This seems odd as all medication in Greenland is free of charge and anti-osteoporotic drugs are efficient and readily available. Adherence to treatment with anti-osteoporotic drugs may be low due to side effects. Still, the low frequency of treatment is common in many countries and should be addressed in Greenland.
Our survey had limitations. First, the study population was of limited size. However, we included all inhabitants in the capital Nuuk in the defined age groups and had to extend the age range in the oldest group to reach an acceptable number of participants. Despite the limited size, we were able to reach valid conclusions regarding the importance of factors that are associated with an increased risk of osteoporosis in other ethnic groups: Advanced age, smoking, limited sun exposure, falls, the occurrence of previous fractures and the “number of risk factors”. Second, a delay in the recording of address changes combined with a frequent change of address may have influenced risk profiles of the participant groups as those who have a frequent change of address or have no permanent address differ in income and social group compared to those with a more stable life style, and the former group carries a higher risk of osteoporosis. They are less likely to have a registered address and they may not have responded. This tends to underestimate the risk of osteoporosis found in our survey. Third, the questionnaire survey carries the risk of reporting bias and findings should be confirmed by surveys using other methods.
Confirming the occurrence of risk factors for osteoporosis in populations in Greenland helps to prevent future cases of osteoporosis and fractures. In doing so, we hope to reduce the pain, decreased quality of life, disability and premature death, and the considerable costs that this disorder places on the Greenlandic society (2
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A watched pot never boils, but some pots can stir themselves.
Kurukuru Nabe, a pot developed in Japan, stirs its own contents, freeing you up to do better things with your time.
You'd think this is high-tech stuff, but no. It's a conventional saucepan with a grooved insert that produces a circular motion resembling a whirlpool in the water.
The design is fairly simple, as seen in this video of an aluminum pot with grooves that induce a spin.
When the water in Kurukuru Nabe gets hot enough, things start to spin counterclockwise. Noodles, vegetables, and whatever else in the pot will go "round and round," as its Japanese name suggests.
Scum from boiling vegetables will accumulate in the center, making it easy to skim off. The water is also less likely to boil over the rim.
Developed by an entrepreneur last year, the Kurukuru Nabe was launched in January and has seen strong demand so far, selling more than 5,000 units.
"I just thought it was a fun idea, and ran with it. I never dreamed of this overwhelming response," inventor Hideki Watanabe, a dentist from Tobe, Ehime Prefecture, told The Asahi Shimbun newspaper.
The pot is 7 inches across and designed for use on a gas stove. It's selling in Japan for 9,800 yen ($104.88), and is also available to customers overseas.
Manufacturer Toyo Rikagaku Kenkyusho, which also produces camera bodies and parts for Apple computers, is turning out 1,000 of the pots a month and plans to sell them in the U.S. and six other countries.
Meanwhile, check out this video of broccoli swirling away in the Kurukuru Nabe. Nifty indeed, but that's one more thing to clean after dinner.
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Perspectives of a student, performer and teacher
Table of Contents
A Student and Performer of Western Music discovers Indian Music
Serious Study – A Disciple sets out the Long Path of Learning
Obstacles along the Way
Lack of Repertoire
Advantages of a Western Music Background?
Advantages of being in the West?
A “Western” Performer of “Indian” Music
A Teacher of Indian Music in Europe
A Teacher of Western Music in Search of the Teaching Models
“It is not a question of Indian music, or American music, like that; any type of music, in tune and in rhythm, gives you food for your mind, heart and soul“. Ustad Ali Akbar Khan
It often appears that we live in a world of dualities. We tend to interpret our impressions in terms of black and white, good and bad – even east and west. Although in some situations this may be convenient, it tends to keeps us from seeing the more subtle relations that unite our world. The theme of Indian music and the West immediately suggests several dualities: geographical, cultural and musical. And it is exactly in this context that Maestro Khan’s simple and straightforward statement is an important reminder. It is a wonderful example of his musical vision and is an invitation for us to stay aware of the universal elements of music, even as we concentrate on the diversity and contrasts of its specific forms. I believe that if we keep his statement in mind, it will help us come to a fuller understanding of the complex and fascinating theme before us.
In addition to exploring the above ideas, this paper traces several of the important stages of my musical development during the last thirty-five years of studying both western music and (for the past twenty-four years), Indian music. I have tried to recount how my impressions during some of these stages helped me to better understand my roles as a student, performer and teacher . The most important points I wish to make may be viewed from the following perspectives.
From the perspective of a beginner, curious to enter the world of Indian music
There is nothing intrinsically “foreign” or “exclusive” about Indian music which makes it inaccessible to anyone who is attracted to it, and who has a wish to begin to learn.
From the perspective of a serious student, engaging in a long-term study
All of the essential features of Indian classical music can be passed on from the guru to the disciple wherever they happen to be living and regardless of the student’s ethnic origin. Depending on talent, determination, and attitude, it is possible for a student to overcome whatever obstacles may be waiting, and reach the highest level of understanding and execution.
From the perspective of a western performer of Indian music
The most discerning connoisseurs of Indian music tend to listen with their ears open and their eyes shut, and do not place much importance on a performer’s ethnic background or country of origin.
From the perspective of a teacher, working in a variety of western music contexts
Indian music can be introduced effectively in the West at many levels, from primary school through the professional music conservatory. Also, Indian music pedagogy has much to offer the western music educator.
A student and performer of western music discovers indian music
I grew up in the midst of a great cultural curiosity in everything from the “east”. I must admit however, that I was not actively involved in the movement and I barely noticed some of the momentous “Indian” events of the late 1960′s – George Harrison with his sitar, Ravi Shankar at the Monterey Pop Festival, etc. But as a music student in my own culture, I was gaining experience in a number of western musical styles. There were elements in many kinds of music that I found attractive – from folk music to rock’n'roll, to jazz and classical. I was also very interested in composing and improvising. But somehow I was not completely satisfied by any one style and was searching for my proper place as a musician. It was at this moment that I had the good fortune to see Ustad Ali Akbar Khan perform at the university where I was studying.
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It goes without saying that, anger is one of those emotions that can be destructive and lead to various problems if it goes unnoticed. Although it can be tough sometimes, with the various types of anger around, recognizing when anger first occurs, is a key factor in determining what to do when it rears its ugly head.
Here are 12 of the most common kinds of anger. See if you recognize any of them. Continue reading
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Color Chart: Reinventing Color, 1950 to Today ; [published in Conjunction with the Exhibition "Color Chart ..." at The Museum of Modern Art, New York, March 2 - May 12, 2008]
The Museum of Modern Art
, 2008 - Art
- 247 pages
Color Chartaddresses the impact of standardized, mass-produced color on the art of the past 60 years. Taking the commercial color chart as its central metaphor, this volume chronicles an important artistic shift that took place during the middle of the twentieth century: a frank acknowledgment of color as a matter-of-fact element rather than a vehicle of spiritual or emotional content. Collected here are more than 40 artists who explore in their works the double meaning of "ready-made color"--color bought off the shelf, rather than mixed on a palette, as well as color assigned by chance or arbitrary system rather than composed with traditional chromatic harmonies in mind.
Published to accompany a major exhibition at The Museum of Modern Art, New York, this volume begins with Marcel Duchamp's Tu m', the artist's final painting, made in 1918, with its long array of color samples looming across the canvas. This early recognition of color's commercial nature was fully explored more than three decades later by artists such as Robert Rauschenberg, Andy Warhol, Gerhard Richter and Alighiero Boetti, who in the 1950s to the 1970s, with a host of others, redefined the parameters of color from a matter of personal expression to one of arbitrary systems and random processes. The repercussions of this transformation continue to be felt into the twenty-first century, in work by artists including Sherrie Levine, Mike Kelley and Damien Hirst, as well as others who explore color in digital technology This volume traces the lineage of the questions provoked by color's new status, and the variety of answers that have resulted.
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Local Jobs in Staten Island, NY
Threat of Bioterrorism Helps Fuel Shortage of Lab Personnel
In January of this year, a survey of the health care workforce pointed to growing personnel shortages in several health professions including radiography, nursing, and clinical laboratory science. According to Elissa Passiment, executive vice president of the American Society of Clinical Laboratory Science (ASCLS) in Bethesda, Maryland, the shortage of clinical laboratory personnel has deepened in the last several months. "We've started to hear from people in parts of the country that weren't seeing a shortage last year that they're now beginning to have one," said Passiment.
The growing shortage has led to higher compensation for laboratory personnel seeking to change employers. "Salaries have definitely started to go up," said Passiment. "Signing bonuses have also increased in frequency and size in recent months. Relocation assistance for experienced scientists, which had been sporadic, has become more routine. Even flexible schedules---including weekend only, evenings only, and 3-day workweeks---have become more available. In parts of the country where the shortage has been a problem for awhile, lab managers are getting very creative to recruit the people they need."
According to the BLS projection, the current shortfall of laboratory personnel was expected to worsen by 2008 if enrollments in clinical laboratory programs didn't increase. Then came last year's anthrax scare and the ongoing threat of bioterrorism, which according to Passiment, has added to the shortage of personnel as laboratories hire more staff to increase their readiness.
"Congress has challenged the CDC(Centers for Disease Control) to increase their preparedness as well as that of State Public Health laboratories throughout the country, which must be enlarged to handle any necessary testing," explained Passiment. "We saw a small indication of what's needed last October with the anthrax incident. Postal workers and almost everyone who had walked into the Senate office building had to be screened. If there were another anthrax threat or an outbreak of smallpox, clinical laboratory personnel would again be called upon to review blood samples and cultures taken from people with symptoms to identify the threat being posed."
According to Passiment, the bioterrorism bill passed by Congress this year recognized the important role laboratorians play in homeland security and provided $25 million for increased training and funding of clinical laboratory programs. "The bill states that the funds are to be used to educate practicing clinical laboratory scientists and technicians and provide low interest loans, partial scholarships and fellowships and other forms of assistance to educate and train new clinical laboratorians, " she explained.
Even prior to 9/11, the tight market for new graduates in the field led some employers to offer tuition assistance to students studying clinical laboratory science in exchange for employment agreements with those students.
ASCLS recently partnered with other associations representing laboratories and lab personnel to form the Coordinating Council for the Clinical Laboratory Workforce. "To build awareness of the profession, we've developed a career brochure which highlights the various avenues one can pursue with a degree in clinical laboratory science. It's aimed at graduating seniors and college freshman not sure of their goals," said Passiment.
Individuals holding degrees in biology should also consider careers in clinical laboratory science. "For most biology majors, it would only take about a year to prepare for the certification exam. They would complete a one year internship or practicum in a hospital setting to acquire the hands-on training needed to sit for the exam," explained Passiment.
A former clinical laboratory scientist herself, Passiment said the profession is ideal for someone with a love of science, a penchant for solving mysteries, a strong detail orientation and a desire to make a difference.
"The most rewarding aspect of our work is to solve the puzzle presented by a child or adult who has a fever and is not feeling well," said Passiment. "The doctor knows these patients need to be treated but for what? Is it strep throat, the flu, leukemia or another disease? Only the laboratory tests that we perform will reveal the true problem and lead the physician to the appropriate treatment."
For more information about careers in clinical laboratory science, visit ASCLS' Web site, www.ascls.org or log on to www.naacls.org, the Web site of the National Accrediting Agency for Clinical Laboratory Science.
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Summary: Key Concepts 2 present academic material students will encounter in a higher education setting, including discipline-based lectures, academic vocabulary, and structured speaking activities. Students gain not only academic knowledge but also valuable note-taking skills that are necessary to succeed in college. These combined skill sets build students' confidence with academic information while giving them ample opportunity to interact with each other and the instructor ...show more.
The format for listening activities in both texts supports the listening section of the TOEFL, the standardized English competency test for native speakers of other languages, and prepares students for further assessment and proficiency testing.
More prices and sellers below.
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SEFER CHOFETZ CHAIM
We have seen that to speak derogatorily of ones fellow is to degrade ones own status as a creation
btzelem Elokim (in Gods image).
For one who speaks loshon hora, the teshuvah
(repentance) process is the same as for all sins between man and his Creator: confession, sincere regret, and the resolution never to speak loshon
One is not required to discuss the matter with the subject of ones sinful words and seek his forgiveness, unless actual harm was
caused. (Teshuvah for having caused harm through loshon hora will
be discussed later.)
SEFER SHMIRAS HALOSHON
Rabbi Raphael Hamburger1, in his
work Marpei Loshon, offers another insightful explanation of the verses, Which man desires life ... guard your tongue from evil ... He bases
his thoughts on the following passage from Sefer Chovos HaLevavos (Shaar HaKeniah, ch. 7):
On the Day of Judgment, many people will find themselves credited with meritorious deeds which they did not do. These are not mine! each one will declare. He will be told, These are the deeds of those who spoke disparagingly of you [and thereby caused their merits to be transferred to your account]. And the one who spoke disparagingly will be told, These deeds were taken from you when you spoke against So-and-so.
Conversely, some will find acts of guilt on their account which they never committed. When each one will protest, These are not mine! he will be told, These were taken from the account of So-and-so, against whom you spoke ...
The above is found in other sacred works as well.
A person may spend a day or two earning for himself eternal bliss
through Torah and mitzvos, only to exchange these merits for his neighbors sins by speaking against him. A few more days might go by as he accrues more reward, only to lose it all in the same manner when another opportunity for evil talk comes his way. This pattern might continue until his day of death, when he departs this world stripped of all his possessions, that is, the Torah and mitzvos in which he
invested much time and effort.
Therefore, David first exhorts us, Guard your tongue from evil, and only then does he say, Turn from evil and do good.
The way to ensure that the reward of mitzvah observance remains ours for
all eternity is by refraining from speaking ill of our fellow Jew.
1. Eighteenth-century Torah luminary
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Where do hospital treatment plans fit in?
If you pay for your own healthcare without insurance, you benefit financially from arranging cheaper treatment in the UK or overseas. If you buy insurance, the insurer benefits from any costs savings. Costs savings are often related to which hospital or consultant is used, and insurers may not allow the customer to choose this. If you find the NHS can give as good or better treatment than privately, the only beneficiary of this is the insurer.
An insurance which pays out for almost any treatment needed. The customer decides when and where treatment is carried out, and whether it is private or NHS.The customer gets a fixed sum.
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These days the world wide footwear industry is quickly becoming a larger and larger part of the fashion industry in terms of both the sales and the amount of mind space that it commands in the minds of people. The fashion footwear industry is quickly becoming the largest segment of the fashion world as a whole as compared to any other form of fashion accessory today.
The demand for high fashion shoes arises everyday as women’s salaries rise and the amount of disposable income that they have shoots upwards. An increasing awareness of the latest styles and design trends by watching celebrities or be reading fashion magazines can also be linked to the increasing demand for great new clothes and the skyrocketing interest and demand for designer shoes.
The shoe industry has also stepped up to the task of satisfying the demand for great shoes. Almost every clothing designer worth his or her designer label today also has a parallel line of shoes and footwear to go with their main clothing lines as they realise that not only is a line of foot wear an essential part of any great designer label, it is also a great complement to a clothing line. Designers today are also competing with each other to come up with new styles of fashion footwear to constantly fulfill the demand women have for innovative and never before seen styles of shoes.
There are tiny fashionable designer labels of footwear that have sprung up all around the world to explore new niches and to fulfill previously unfulfilled demand. One such brand of designer shoes comes from the west coast of the United States of America and is called Rocket Dog Shoes.
It was started by a couple of designer friends in the chilled out southern California area of the States nearly a decade and a half ago. There is much speculation about the origins of the name of this brand and it almost matches the giddy excitement for their crazy and funky shoes. The story goes that one of the designers had a dog called Max that would love to go to the beach and then tear about on the sand like something had possessed the cute little mutt.
The term of endearment that the two designers used for Max was Rocket Dog and when they were looking for name for the new line of eclectic and funky women’s shoes that they were starting together they decided to call it Rocket Dog Shoes. Today Rocket Dog is so popular that it has diversified into men’s and children’s shoes as well.
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Written by Kera Mashek, Multimedia Journalist - bio | email
WAVERLY (KWWL) -
River gauges are an important tool that help many eastern Iowa communities keep an eye on water levels. That information allows cities to know if and when flood preparations are needed. But one community's river gauge is going offline.
On the Cedar River in Waverly, a new bladder dam system is in place. It's a system that's aimed at flood control. But that very system means river gauge readings here are no longer accurate.
After a mild winter with little snow melt and no major rainfall this spring, the Cedar River in Waverly is flowing normally.
But with any change to the river levels, flood control is much easier these days. That's thanks to the city's new inflatable dam, which went online last fall.
"As it deflates, because the river rises, it will not flood the west part of Waverly, and that's the biggest key with our bladder dam," said Waverly Mayor Bob Brunkhorst.
One result of the system--the city's river gauge no longer offers accurate flood prediction readings. That's because the new dam has to take on much more water for flooding to be a problem. So for now, the city will look to other gauges to get an idea of the potential impact to local river levels.
"We're going to use a combination of Charles City, Janesville, and etc., gauges' forecasting to see what we should be doing here in Waverly," Mayor Brunkhorst said.
As for other communities downstream..
"They used to look at Waverly as a gauge and say, 'Okay. When do I have to move boats?' Well that gauge is not operation, not functioning. So they don't know when to move boats or etc. between here and Janesville. So they'll now have to look at Charles City and other places, too, to know when best to get their stuff out of harm's way," Brunkhorst said.
But to get better numbers yet, the city's working with the National Weather Service to create appropriate computer models to forecast and design new guidelines for local flood warnings. That way, cities can know exactly when to put its emergency response plans into practice, from using flood gates to barriers and even sandbags.
The city of Waterloo recently added an inflatable dam similar to the one in Waverly. But that dam is not aimed at flood control, so the city's river gauge will not be taken down.
The National Weather Service and US Geological Survey fund the operation of many river gauges nationwide. Last year, both agencies were concerned that federal funding cuts could force some gauges to be eliminated. But so far, that has not happened.
Persons with disabilities who need assistance with issues relating to the content of this station's public inspection file should contact Administrative Assistant Sandy Youngblut at 319-291-1259. Questions or concerns relating to the accessibility of the FCC's online public file system should be directed to the FCC at 888-225-5322, at 888-835-5322 (TTY) or at email@example.com.
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Argument recap: possible remedies in citizenship-transmission case
On Wednesday, the Court heard oral argument in Flores-Villar v. United States, a dispute over the constitutionality of a statute that imposes more stringent residency requirements on unmarried U.S.-citizen fathers who wish to pass U.S. citizenship on to their children than on their female counterparts. At the argument, the Justices focused on the level of scrutiny that should be used to review such a requirement, as well as on the kind of remedy that Flores-Villar could obtain.
Steven Hubachek, arguing on behalf of the petitioner, began by asking the Court to distinguish his client's case from the one at issue in Nguyen v. INS: in Nguyen, Mr. Hubachek argued, the disparate requirements derived from biological distinctions between men and women., while the residency requirements at issue here have no biological basis. Justice Scalia, however, countered by asking him whether the residency requirements were actually based on the assumption that women, rather than men, would care for children.
After a lengthy discussion of how citizenship was historically transmitted that was aimed at refuting the government's contention that the statute was designed to avoid the problem of stateless children, the argument then turned to what remedies might be available if the Court were to hold that the statute was unconstitional. Several Justices, including Justices Ginsburg and Sotomayor, asked Mr. Hubachek whether, instead of discriminating against unmarried fathers, the case in fact favored unmarried mothers over unmarried fathers and married couples "“ constituting, in Justice Sotomayor's words, "an exception to a generalized non-gender based requirement."
When Mr. Hubachek sought to shift the discussion slightly, arguing that the statute merited less deference as an appropriate exercise of Congress's plenary power because it involved who could become a citizen rather than immigration, he drew a question from a somewhat incredulous Justice Kennedy, who asked: "[Y]ou want us to write an opinion that says Congress has less deference when . . . it determines who should be a national of this counry than . . . when it determines who should be admitted as an alien." If anything, Justice Kennedy observed, "[i]t seems to be that it ought to be just the other way around."
The discussion then returned to the question of a remedy, and specifically whether the remedy should extend rights to the foreign-born children of U.S.-citizen fathers or instead limit the rights of the foreign-born children of U.S.-citizen mothers. Although Justice Ginsburg "“ who argued several prominent gender-discrimination cases "“ expressed support for the idea of extending remedies to the children of U.S.-citizen fathers, other Justices appeared skeptical. Justice Scalia emphasized that there was no other case in which a court had done what Hubachek was asking it to do: "pronounce your client to be a U.S. citizen." And Justice Kennedy mused whether the "intrusive" nature of the necessary remedies in this case should influence whether the Court applied intermediate or rational basis scrutiny to the statute.
Arguing on behalf of the United States, Deputy Solicitor General Edwin Kneedler quickly met questions from Justice Sotomayor regarding what kind of scrutiny was appropriate for the residency requirement. Mr. Kneedler argued that, based on the Court's precedent, the requirement should be subject to rational-basis review, and that the Court should determine whether Congress's reasoning was "facially legitimate and bona fide." This case met that standard, he argued, because Congress had relied an examination of a prospective citizen's likely connection to the United States. Justice Breyer, however, asked why the government would apply a lower standard of review to the statute than is normally applied in cases involving gender discrimination.
Chief Justice Roberts then again turned to the question of an appropriate remedy for the alleged gender discrimination. From the way that the Chief Justice framed his question, it seemed unlikely that he too would vote to provide Flores-Villar with a remedy that would result in his obtaining citizenship: the Chief Justice based his question on the assumption that "if the Court were to determine that this does violate the Equal Protection Clause, and the Court were also to determine that this is not a case that should be the first one in history in which it grants naturalization." Mr. Kneedler responded that even if the residency requirement were unconstitutional, the proper remedy would be to invalidate the less stringent residency requirement imposed on umarried U.S.-citizen mothers — a proposal which, Justice Scalia noted, would not actually provide Flores-Villar with relief. Mr. Kneedler's proposed remedy sparked a debate over whether the Court should "equalize up" "“ increasing the residency requirement on unwed citizen mothers to equal that imposed on unwed citizen fathers "“ or "equalize down," reducing the burden on fathers to equal the one-year requirement imposed on mothers.
Recommended Citation: Anna Christensen, Argument recap: possible remedies in citizenship-transmission case, SCOTUSblog (Nov. 12, 2010, 10:15 AM), http://www.scotusblog.com/2010/11/argument-recap-possible-remedies-in-citizenship-transmission-case/
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Relactation: One Alternative to Untimely Weaning
JANICE NAU, LPN
Reprinted from: KEEPING ABREAST JOURNAL. 2(3): 203-207, July-September 1977
When weaning is gradual and part of the normal progression of the nursing relationship, it can be just one of the many passages mothers and their children share in life, an experience filled with mutual satisfaction, development and emotional growth. Far too often, though, things happen which interfere with the natural progression of nursing and, as a result, many babies wean much sooner than their mothers expect. In my work as a lactation counselor, I have had the opportunity to learn first hand just how deeply disappointing such "untimely weaning" is for nursing mothers.
Sometimes there are situations in which the mother wants to or must wean her infant in the early weeks or months postpartum. The need to return to work is such a situation for some mothers. But even these weaning experiences can and should be planned for and carried out gradually and lovingly, so mother and infant can make the transition without disturbing the close relationship formed during nursing.
Most early weaning, though, is not a happy experience for mother or baby. Often, there are a number of factors causing untimely weaning such as poor breastfeeding information, getting off to a bad start in the hospital, regular use of supplemental bottle feedings, starting solids early and negative pressure from family, friends or medical professionals. These undermine the mother's confidence or reduce the amount of breast stimulation she receives. As a result, her milk supply gradually diminishes and, finally, her baby rejects the breast entirely.
The situation is common and until recently there was little one could do after the weaning to help mothers feel better about it. Many lactation counselors can tell of women who still get tears in their eyes when they confide to us their disappointment about an untimely weaning experience, even though their children are now grown.
For an increasing number of women, relactation is becoming an important alternative for coping with untimely weaning. Very simply, "relactation" is either rebuilding a very low milk supply or, in some cases, inducing lactation after it has completely stopped, in order to resume the nursing relationship. Techniques used can involve self-breast stimulation by massage or breast pump and re-teaching the baby to nurse at the breast. It almost always requires supplementing the baby until the supply is re-established.
Relactation isn't for everyone. Sometimes a mother inquires about it because of curiosity, her own guilt feelings or even pressure from others. Before a mother can decide if relactation is for her, she should consider a true analysis of both her and her husband's feelings about breastfeeding. In my work as a member of the Relactation Committee of La Leche League of Colorado, my major responsibility is to help the mother make a well-informed decision and then to support her in whatever she decides. I try to support the bond between the mother and her baby by helping her feel good about her mothering abilities, even if she does not resume breastfeeding.
I receive many calls about relactation, and for many different kinds of reasons. A typical call usually goes something like this:
MOTHER: Hello, my name is Molly. My friend gave me your name and number and said you might be able to help me bring my milk back in.
JAN: Can you tell me about it?
MOTHER: My baby, Anna, is 10 weeks old now. When she was just a couple of weeks old I saw the doctor and he said I should only nurse every 3-4 hours. I tried to do this but the baby was really fussy after 2 hours and she seemed to be hungry. I guess I didn't have enough milk because my doctor said to start supplementing after each feeding. Not long afterwards Anna wouldn't take the breast at all. She is doing fine now on the bottle but I really miss nursing.
JAN: The important thing is the mothering not the method of feeding your baby. You can be a good mother either way.
MOTHER: I know but I really miss the closeness I felt while I was breastfeeding. I enjoyed nursing. It was a special experience and I would like to do it again.
JAN: Do you have any milk now?
MOTHER: No, not really. Do you think you can help me?
The important thing is the mothering not the method of feeding your baby.
When a mother calls to tell me she is interested in breastfeeding, I ask her questions about several aspects of her experience, such as:
While discussing these questions I am careful to avoid giving advice. I feel the time for information and teaching can come later. If a great deal of advice is given at this point, it overwhelms the mother and is very frustrating for her.
I next explain the process of relactation. I found the Lact-Aid Nursing Trainer System method very helpful and most of the mothers I assist prefer to use it. (See Figure 1) Relactating takes time and patienc6 and there are many times when a mother may become discouraged. However, I assure the mother I will gladly provide encouragement and help.
Often questions come up about the length of time it will take for the milk to become reestablished. The milk supply cannot be predetermined. There are many variables that can affect this, such as how the breasts react to the stimulus, how the body adjusts to the hormonal changes which occur, the mother's own health and stamina, fatigue, family pressures and responsibilities and many other factors. It is known however, that the hormone level is the highest for three months following delivery and at that point it drops off sharply. The chances of reestablishing the milk supply are considerably better during this three-month period. The mother needs to be aware of all these factors so she will not become discouraged and wonder what is wrong with her or the baby if the milk supply seems to build more slowly than expected.
Reducing anxiety and worry are especially important since they are well known to inhibit the let-down reflex. During this interval when the mother is discouraged she needs an extra amount of encouragement. She also needs reassurance that while her milk is coming in, she is establishing the closeness of the nursing relationship, which is so important.
BUILDING THE SUPPLY
The mother should nurse every two to three hours. At night, longer intervals are acceptable to help her get much needed rest since the relactating mother's milk supply can easily be inhibited by fatigue. Another factor that can slow down relactation is the tendency for the ovaries to resume ovulation when lactation is interrupted. Some mother's milk will be delayed in coming or it may reach a plateau or even decrease suddenly. The mother may have a menstrual period, slight spotting or feelings of premenstrual tension without menses. Within two to three days after this occurs her milk supply will probably build up at an even faster rate.
Often the let-down reflex is unstable at first. Remembering that the let-down is very easily conditioned to a routine stimulus can be very important in overcoming this problem. In addition to the conditioning process, it is important that the mother know the importance of adequate rest, a well balanced diet and good fluid intake. Warm support and help from her husband can also relieve this problem. if she is having extreme difficulty she may consult her physician about the use of oxytocin. (Available in a nasal spray, oxytocin stimulates the milk let-down reflex.) [Added note 1998. This is no longer available.]
In the past there has been some controversy over the methods of reestablishing an adequate milk supply. Many breastfeeding counselors have suggested gradually diluting supplemental formula thus "starving" the baby to produce more suckling, which in turn should build the milk supply. This method probably is useful when there are only a few ounces of supplement per day involved and only a moderate increase in the milk supply is needed. However, in relactation I feel the reduction of calories by diluting the formula does not stimulate milk production because the baby becomes weaker and, therefore, does not suck as effectively. This in turn does not produce the desired milk supply. By providing an adequate calorie intake, the baby remains strong and healthy with an adequate weight gain. This also puts more emphasis on the mother-child relationship and the mother has less of a tendency to become "milk oriented". She then can enjoy the baby and their relationship.
While the mother is obtaining the Lact-Aid System the baby may need a gradual transition from the bottle to the breast. The mother can give the bottle next to the bare breast (Nuk nipples are the best because the shape promotes the same suckling action of mouth and jaw as the breast.) The skin contact and the baby's head turning restore the natural rooting behavior. Also she should not try to nurse the baby at the empty breast because doing so can negatively condition the baby by confusing him when there is no milk and he is hungry.
When the mother is ready to begin learning to use the device getting the tube situated just right can seem complicated at first. A few hints can save a lot of frustration. Here are some I have found helpful:
1. The best time to start is when the mother and baby feel the most rested and patient, usually in the morning.
2. Anticipate the baby's hunger and get ready before the baby is ready to eat. It is difficult to work with a frantic, hungry baby.
3. Position the tube so it extends slightly past the tip of the nipple. (Hair styling tape next to the areola helps to hold the tube in place.) When the baby is "latched on" the tube should extend down the center of the roof of his mouth toward the soft palate.
4. The baby should take four ounces of supplement in about 30-40 minutes. If it takes longer, test the Lact-Aid System by filling it with water and holding it upside down. There should be a steady, rapid dripping if the device is working properly. Refer to the instruction booklet for details on cleaning.
5. Some babies tend to tire more easily and need shorter, more frequent nursings.
6. Weak babies having difficulty sucking may be given slightly diluted supplement with physician's approval (to make the supplement flow easier one to two tablespoons of distilled water per four ounces of formula.)
After the excitement of finally getting the baby to nurse some mothers get the "one week blues." It seems to the mother that she has been nursing for ages and nothing has happened. The mother may be experiencing some feelings of fullness in her breasts. This is real encouragement indeed! Usually a few days later the mother will be able to express thick, sticky drops followed by milk several days later.
WEANING FROM THE LACT-AID SYSTEM
This is a very natural process if the mother is aware of the signs to watch for:
When these signs are occurring consistently, the mother can be assured that lactation is becoming well established and she can begin careful weaning from the Lact-Aid System.
There might be an occasional mother who may not be able to establish a fully adequate milk supply. However, with warm support, respect and kindness, she and her baby can certainly share many of the pleasures and rewards of nursing.
The return to breastfeeding can be a beautiful experience. As well as providing the best source of nutrition for the baby, nursing can be an expression of love and the nurturing of a strong bond between mother and baby.
At the time this article was published, Janice Nau, L.P.N., was a counselor for the Denver/Metro Area Relactation Committee of Colorado La Leche League. She frequently conducted workshops for La Leche League Leaders, childbirth educators and student nurses on relactation counseling. She currently resides in Anchorage, Alaska.
Disclaimer: The information presented here is for educational purposes only, and is not intended to provide or substitute for medical advice in any way. Anyone with a health question about breastfeeding, induced lactation, relactation, medications, adoption or for any other reason should discuss it with their physician.
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