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TRIAL TOGETHER OF INDICTMENTS OR INFORMATIONS OR COMPLAINTS JOINT TRIAL OF SEPARATE CASES
The court may order that separate cases
two or more indictments, informations, or complaints to be tried together as though brought in a single indictment, information or complaint if the all offenses and the all defendants , if there is more than one, could have been joined in a single indictment, information, or complaint. The procedure shall be the same as if the prosecution were under a single indictment, information, or complaint.
Rule 13 was amended, effective _____________.
Rule 13 follows Fed.R.Crim.P. 13 in substance and controls with respect to the trial of multiple indictments or informations within the
State state. N.D.R.Crim.P. 13 is a restatement of existing law [Section N.D.C.C. § 29-11-10.1 (Charging crime in separate counts and consolidating indictments and informations)] which that permits the joinder of charges in an indictment and the consolidation of indictments for trial.
Rule 13 was amended, effective ________. The language and organization of the rule were changed to make the rule more easily understandable and to make style and terminology consistent throughout the rules.
Rule 13 must be considered in light of N.D.R.Crim.P. 8 (Joinder of Offenses and of Defendants). The joinder of offenses against a single defendant is governed by N.D.R.Crim.P. 8(a) and the discussion of that
Rule rule is pertinent in determining when indictments may be tried together. In conjunction with N.D.R.Crim.P. 8(a), which permits joinder of offenses, this Rule rule permits trial together of offenses, whether felonies, or misdemeanors or both, that (1) are of the same or similar character or (2) are based on the same act or transaction or (3) are based on two or more acts or transactions connected together or constituting part of a common scheme or plan. But even if offenses charged against a single defendant arise out of interrelated occurrences they should be tried together only if expediency can be served without interference with the defendant's substantive rights.
The joinder of defendants under N.D.R.Crim.P. 13 is governed by N.D.R.Crim.P. 8(b) and the discussion of that
Rule rule is pertinent in considering a joint trial of two or more defendants. The test that must be met before independent charges against two or more defendants may be ordered tried together is that they have participated in the same act or transaction or in the same series of acts or transactions constituting an offense or offenses. The Rule rule does not permit joinder of defendants alleged to have committed offenses of a "similar character ", although where a single defendant is involved, such joinder would be permissible. [See Wright, Federal Practice and Procedure: Criminal, § 213, p. 427 (1969).]
Rule 13 is similar to N.D.R.Civ.P. 42 (Consolidation; Separate Trials), in that both allow the court to order a joint hearing or trial (at its discretion) for reasons of expediency so long as the joint trial will not be prejudicial to the defendant's substantive rights.
SOURCES: Joint Procedure Committee Minutes of _______________pages ____; May 11-12, 1972, pages 15-16; May 3-4, 1968, pages 4-6;
18 U.S.C.A., Fed.R.Crim.P. 13. , page 637; Wright, Federal Practice and Procedure: Criminal, § 210-213 (1969); 8 Moore's Federal Practice, Chapter 13 (Cipes, 2d Ed. 1970); Barron, Federal Practice and Procedure: Criminal, § 2001-2002 (4 Cum. Supp. 110, Wright 1964); A.B.A. Standards for Criminal Justice, Standards Relating to Joinder and Severance (Approved Draft, 1968).
SUPERSEDED: N.D.C.C. § 29-11-10.1.
CROSS REFERENCES: N.D.R.Crim.P. 8 -- Joinder of Offenses and of Defendants; N.D.R.Crim.P. 14.--Relief from Prejudicial Joinder.
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We're having problems getting our 12 year-old son to go to bed at a reasonable hour. He goes to his room but it's not long before he's playing games on his computer or watching TV and hours pass and he's still awake. He's looking . tired and he's grumpy but he just tells us he's not a baby and to leave him alone. What can we do?
My 11 year-old son is forever coming home late. Sometimes he goes to a friend's house then goes on somewhere else but forgets to tell me. Other times he's almost at a loss to explain where he's been. It's like he has no concept of time. There have been times when I've had to go looking for him because he is late and I'm so worried. I have talked to him about safety issues and how worried I get. I have also grounded him but it hardly seems to make any difference, within a few days he's done it again.
My daughter is 12 and starting to really show her independence. Up until now we've had no formal way of giving her pocket money - she's just asked for money when she's wanted something and we've given it. But now I'm thinking that weekly pocket money is a better idea so that she learns the value of money. My husband thinks I'm being old-fashioned and that we should just keep going as is. Can you help is resolve this issue?
Booktrust is inviting young writers aged 11 to 16 to enter a short story competition. The four best short stories will win their authors a place on the judging panel.
Our 10 year-old son is very keen on competitive sport. He's active since he was very young and he's always really enjoyed it. The problem is that recently we've noticed a change in the way that he behaves when he loses. Either he becomes very angry, resenting his opponent and sometimes us if we're not sympathetic to him, or he becomes distant and quiet often for a day or so after the event. I want him to enjoy sport and be competitive but should I be worried about this?
I am worried that my 12-year-old daughter is being cyber-bullied. She suffered a bit of bullying in her last year of primary school before transferring to high school last year, but I thought the change of school would've put an end to it. She's quite a quiet girl but recently she's seemed even more subdued. I've noticed text messages appearing on her mobile phone and she never seems keen to explain who these are from. I know she has a bebo page too, but I don't even know how to get on to it. I have asked her if anyone is being horrible to her and she just says no. What can I do to find out what's going on and help her?
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Join me with welcoming Frank Wallace, a person with not a little experience in operating under conflicting government regulations. The subject of uranium mining and its various proscriptions and prescriptions will be new to many of us, but they are well worth knowing about. Particularly since the EPA—one of the agencies deeply involved in nuclear energy—is now tasked with regulating CO2.
Actions Speak Louder Than Words
When it comes to federal regulatory agencies none walk taller nor speak softer than the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission. The NRC, the only independent federal regulatory agency, relies on licensing fees to supply the operating capital needed to license and inspect the Nation’s nuclear fuel cycle. Under an objective risk-informed, performance-based system, NRC’s licenses become the “gold standard” of the industry allowing public access to the rational reasoning underlying all NRC decisions.
Unfortunately, other similar federal agencies, like the Environmental Protection Agency and the Department of Energy, prefer a subjective politically-based approach to regulatory oversight and mission implementation. Recently, these two diametrically opposed approaches collided over some Source Material License applications currently receiving intense NRC scrutiny and the high level waste repository at Yucca Mountain. NRC continues to do their job and review the license applications despite the politically-based, unfounded protestations of EPA and DOE.
In situ leach uranium recovery milling, the preferred method of uranium recovery for the past several decades, allows surface land uses to continue while a series of water wells and some pH magic solubilize the uranium and extract it safely, efficiently and environmentally-friendly from the ore body. Currently, nearly two dozen new or expanded ISL facilities scattered across Wyoming, South Dakota, Nebraska and New Mexico are in various stages of license review. (PDF)
NRC’s 2009 Generic Environmental Impact Statement for In-Situ Leach Uranium Milling Facilities (NUREG-1910) (LINK) facilitates their review of the expected license applications by addressing “common environmental issues associated with the construction, operation, and decommissioning of ISL facilities, as well as the ground water restoration at such facilities.” For site-specific impacts not covered in the GEIS, a Supplemental EIS would be completed.
Late last year NRC published 3 SEISs for public and governmental comment. (LINK) On March 3, 2010, EPA notified the NRC that it found the SEISs Inadequate (Category 3) for “(1) the narrow range of the wastewater disposal alternatives analysis along with the limited discussion regarding waste management impacts; and (2) the lack of information regarding air pollutants and the impacts of those emissions. Additional concerns include the potential establishment of alternative concentration limits (ACLs) as groundwater restoration targets prior to completion of adequate restoration efforts, and the information concerning climate change and greenhouse gas emissions.”
The EPA concluded their diatribe by citing some bureaucratic mumble-jumble, to wit:
“Based on our review of the draft SEISs and consistent with our responsibilities under NEPA and section 309 of the Clean Air Act, EPA is rating each of the draft SEISs as “Inadequate” (Category 3). This rating indicates EPA’s belief that these draft SEISs do not meet the purposes of NEPA and should be formally revised and made available for public comment in a supplemental or revised SEIS. If we are unable to resolve our concerns, this matter would be a candidate for referral to the Council on Environmental Quality for resolution.”
Thus, without apparently bothering to read the GEIS, EPA laid down the gauntlet. What would NRC do? Knowing NRC’s disdain for EPA runs deep we watched in anxious anticipation waiting for the other shoe to drop. And, drop it did.
On April 5, 2010, NRC authorized early construction activities to proceed at one of the ISLs (LINK)
Normally, license issuance solely confers construction authority; but, in this case NRC granted an exemption request allowing UR Energy’s Lost Creek ISL to proceed with the preparation of site infrastructure and support facilities prior to the issuance of the primary NRC license. Similarly, the Wyoming Department of Environmental Quality issued a Draft Underground Injection Control Permit authorizing the drilling, completing and operating of 5 deep non-hazardous waste disposal wells.
It appears that EPA’s words, worth less than the paper they wrote them on, gather dust as NRC and the State of Wyoming collectively, figuratively and matter-of-factly tell EPA to “pound shale.”
What will EPA’s response be?
We can only imagine more hand-waving, more bureaucratic BS and more insistence on “following the process” from EPA.
Meanwhile at Yucca Mountain a DOE desperate to implement the Presidential death decree withdrew the YM application to the NRC; but, the NRC refused to halt its review. (LINK)
NRC moves on with the licensing and future unannounced inspections of the licensed facilities assure safe operations effectively protecting the health of the workers, the public and the environment. We can smile knowingly while EPA and DOE look for additional political ways to block NRC from successfully licensing not only the front end but also the back end of the Nation’s nuclear fuel cycle.
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News › Scientists launch fresh public discussion about GM
9 February 2009
In Making Sense of GM, scientists and agriculturalists are launching a fresh public discussion about GM: one that puts GM back into the context of developing plant breeding and that responds to the public’s questions and misconceptions. Publicly funded work in particular has struggled against misconceptions about Frankenstein foods, vandalism and a costly regulatory burden.
There have been more Google searches on genetically modified crops in the past two years in the UK than anywhere else in the world. While there have been over a trillion GM meals consumed and nearly 120 million hectares of GM crops grown, hardly any of that was in Europe, still less in the UK. It’s not surprising that people have questions about why that is, what GM is, what it does, whether they are eating it and what would happen if they did.
Related links› GM and Plant Science
› Download the Making Sense of GM guide (Adobe Acrobat PDF file)
Rothamsted Research Press Office
Rothamsted is the longest running agricultural research station in the world, providing cutting-edge science and innovation for nearly 170 years. Our mission is to deliver the knowledge and new practices to increase crop productivity and quality and to develop environmentally sustainable solutions for food and energy production. Our strength lies in our integrated, multidisciplinary approach to research in plant and soil science.
Rothamsted Research receives strategic funding from the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) . It is the longest running agricultural research station in the world, developing environmentally sustainable solutions for food and energy production through science and innovation for nearly 170 years.
BBSRC is the UK funding agency for research in the life sciences and the largest single public funder of agriculture and food-related research.
Sponsored by Government, BBSRC's budget for 2011-12 is around £445M which it is investing in a wide range of research that makes a significant contribution to the quality of life in the UK and beyond and supports a number of important industrial stakeholders, including the agriculture, food, chemical, healthcare and pharmaceutical sectors.
BBSRC provides institute strategic research grants to the following:
The Babraham Institute, Institute for Animal Health, Institute for Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences (Aberystwyth University), Institute of Food Research, John Innes Centre, The Genome Analysis Centre, The Roslin Institute (University of Edinburgh) and Rothamsted Research.
The Institutes conduct long-term, mission-oriented research using specialist facilities. They have strong interactions with industry, Government departments and other end-users of their research.
For more information see: www.bbsrc.ac.uk
Operates two national networks for monitoring insect populations in the UK. More...
Provides the research community access to a range of in situ state-of-the-art instrumentation in hydrologically isolated fields and farms to better address key issues in sustainable agriculture. More...
A database of interactions between pathogens and their hosts maintained at Rothamsted Research with international input. More...
These have been running since the mid 19th Century, provide a unique experimental system and archive of soil and plant samples. More...
Rothamsted Research receives
strategic funding from the BBSRC
|Contact UsDisclaimerFeedbackCareersCorporate InformationPress OfficeHow to find us||© Rothamsted Research 2013|
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Guide to Great Skin
No-Nonsense Skin Care GuideWhen your skin looks great, you naturally feel great. Because radiant skin gives you confidence, people are going to take notice when you walk down the street. Unfortunately, there are plenty of women who think they're never going to have the type of skin that others compliment. The main reason women have this belief is because they think the genes they were born with are 100% responsible for determining the condition of their skin.
While it's true that genes do have a big impact on skin, that doesn't mean they are the only factor that determines its appearance. Just like many people who claim to be "naturally thin" actually spend a lot of time working out and paying attention to what they eat, many women with gorgeous skin have achieved that look as a result of the work they have put into their skincare routine.
Regardless of the current shape of your skin, if you want to be able to turn heads with your complexion, here is exactly what researchers and dermatologists have found are the keys to stunning skin:
Say No to SmokingEveryone knows that smoking is bad for their lungs. Most people have also heard that smoking is not all that great for their complexion. However, a lot of people don't realize just how significant of an impact smoking can have on their skin. To answer this question, skin care researchers in Maryland decided to have nearly 200 sets of identical twins provide details about their lifestyle.
After compiling all of that information, they analyzed photographs of each set of twins. What they discovered was that the twins who smoked had skin that was significantly more mottled and had more wrinkles than their counterpart who had abstained from this harmful activity.
Although it's not easy to give up smoking, the desire to have beautiful skin can be a strong motivator. Additionally, with options like nicotine patches and e-cigarettes, you now have more tools than ever to give you an advantage in your quest to quit.
Make Sunscreen a HabitIn the same study of twins, researchers also determined that unprotected exposure to sunlight was the other leading cause of rough and dull skin. Sun exposure was also linked to not having an even skin tone. While giving up smoking can be quite challenging, the good news is combating the impact of sunlight is very easy to do. All you need to do is protect your face with a quality broad spectrum sunscreen whenever you go outside. Keep in mind that this includes days that don't necessarily seem "sunny." What's nice is you can find quality sunscreens that also act as moisturizers.
Retinoids Get ResultsIf you have heard of retinoids but aren't sure how they fit into your skin care routine, research has shown that they are quite effective. Specifically, they can reduce acne and fine lines, as well as decrease the visibility of brown spots and improve the overall texture of skin. A big reason why retinoids are effective is because they can spur an increase in collagen production.
While scientists concur that retinoids are effective, the benefits of retinoids do come with some potential side effects. The most common are redness and dry skin that may start flaking off. Fortunately, using a hyaluronic acid moisturizer on a daily basis will help minimize these effects.
Even though a moisturizer can help, if you don't want to deal with getting a prescription or experiencing possible side effects, you should instead consider using a product that features peptides. While peptide creams can have the same collagen boosting effect, they have been deemed completely safe for use. As a result, you can get a quality peptide product without the hassle of obtaining a prescription. And once you start using it, you won't have to worry about troublesome side effects!
Don't Overdo Your Skin Care RoutineWhen it comes to losing weight, one of the reasons that so many people fall short of their goals is because they try to do too much at once. They convince themselves that the only way to get results is to go from doing nothing to devoting their lives to weight loss. Unfortunately, trying to do too much at once usually leads to burning out in a short amount of time.
The same is true for taking care of your skin. Many women think that they need to use a sack full of skin care products multiple times a day to clear up their complexion and reduce signs of aging. But in reality, doing too many things at once can actually be very hard on your skin. As a result, you are much better off to stick with the proven basics. That means cleansing your skin, exfoliating it, moisturizing it, protecting it with sunscreen, and taking advantage of the extra boost that peptides can provide.
Skin Care Improvements Don't Happen OvernightYou can't lose 10 pounds overnight. You also can't completely transform your skin in one evening. If you want the best complexion possible, you're going to get those results from being consistent. This is another reason why it's best to simplify your skincare routine. By choosing a handful of products that you can consistently use, you will find that the results you get in just a matter of weeks are quite impressive!
Eat Well, Exercise and Get Enough SleepEating a balanced diet, being active and getting plenty of sleep aren't just important for losing weight. They also play a big role in keeping skin healthy. When you combine these three factors with a consistent daily skincare routine, you will find that you can get even better results for your skin than you thought possible.
Now that you know exactly what you need to do to have dazzling skin, it can be yours in the near future!
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Part played by Trinity Church
Soon after AREA X was announced, a church to show and to share the life
of the risen Jesus with the people of Thorpe Marriott was proposed.
Trinity church was founded by the members of Taverham Methodist church
led by Denis Fox their lay pastor with the support of the members of Taverham
Parish church led by Rev. Robin Hewitson their Rector.
As a Christian community Trinity church is an ecumenical partnership between
the Methodist Church and the Church of England. But from the beginning it has
welcomed people from other Christian traditions or none.
The building was opened in 1991 by senior Methodist and Anglican (C of E)
church leaders under a Sharing Agreement.
Since then Trinity as a welcoming Christian 'community within community'
has been active in Thorpe Marriott within the neighbourhood of Drayton and
The people of Trinity Church seek as followers of the Christ Jesus to show
and share his just love and life which knows no boundaries.
Trinity's cross is two fence boards. One vertical, one horizontal. Like walls,
fences can separate hostile neighbours. But Trinity's cross stands for the
end of hostility. Between God and humankind and all kinds of human.
St Paul says 'For Christ himself has brought us peace by making Jews
and Gentiles (non Jews) one people. With his own body he broke down
the wall that separated them and kept them enemies.' (Eph 2:14 in context).
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'Switch off the net and you'll have big regrets'
Google's Middle East supremo has slammed hardline internet censorship by the likes of Egypt and Syria after they imposed tough new web clamps to try and stem recent dissent.
Speaking to uae newspaper on the sidelines of a conference in Dubai yesterday, Ari Kesisoglu, the web giant's managing director for the Middle East and Africa, said the world's leading internet search engine was against the actions of those trouble-hit countries which have tried to shut down online access following major demonstrations.
Last week the Syrian government closed much of the country's internet network - sparking demonstration marches. Egypt also moved to quell online dissent during its revolution last year.
Kesisoglu said: "Censorship is bad. It's bad for countries, it's bad for economies."
The Dubai-based Google exec added: "Our products are open - we stand for freedom of expression. We train governments on the benefits of freedom of expression and we share what we know from the rest of the world on how economies can benefit from an even stronger online economy."
Asked whether Google had spoken with troubled governments who have tried to shut off web access, Kesisoglu said: "Speaking might take many forms - we typically try to understand what the governments have in their minds and share what we know is going on around the world and how other countries are benefiting."
Asked whether Google had directly spoken with the Syrian government, Kesisoglu said: "I don't want to speculate. I haven't, but I don't know if anyone in my team has."
Agreeing that the internet had proved vital in the Middle East over the past few years, he said: "Freedom of information helps economies. Freedom leads to more cases of innovation."
Up until 2010, Google itself adhered to Chinese internet censorship policies - for which the firm was heavily criticised. British newspaper The Guardian yesterday reported that Google is to alert users of its Gmail service if it believes they are the target of hacking.
Kesisoglu was speaking at the launch of a Google partnership with Arab media firm AWI. They hope to boost online advertising for smaller businesses.
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An Open Letter:
Many of you are deeply involved with addressing the unprecedented consequences of Hurricane Sandy and its negative impact upon ourselves and so many of our neighbors. I do not mean to distract you from the proper focus of your attention, but I am sharing information on the storm's destructive consequences upon our proud heritage, which is what truly bonds us into a community. While actively engaged in fundraising for a museum on the Bergen County Historical Society's own lands at Historic New Bridge Landing, thousands of historic artifacts and documents, comprehending several centuries, were stored in leased space in a warehouse. Although the facility had no previous record of flooding, it was overcome by the storm surge, which pushed 40 inches of water through the building. The consequences for our heritage are dire and the outcome of recovery uncertain. No matter what we do, there will be heartbreaking losses.
The Bergen County Historical Society does have flood insurance and is prepared to pay the $15,000 deductible. We are presently engaging a flood-remediation company to remove the damaged artifacts from their storage location as soon as possible and to restore them to the best possible condition through processes that we hope will not add further damage. Fortunately, the finest pieces of Bergen County furniture, quilts, pottery, basketry, and fine arts, as well as our library and rare document collections, are stored elsewhere and did not suffer harm. As overwhelmed as we are with this disaster, we are understandably worried that this may be the future for our past and that, sooner or later, the remainder of Bergen County's heritage will fall to the same or a similar fate.
For those who may not be informed, the Bergen County Historical Society is not a government agency, but a private, nonprofit historical association, founded in 1902. We are the largest private landowner at Historic New Bridge Landing in River Edge, New Jersey. When the State of New Jersey restored the landmark Zabriskie-Steuben House in 1939, the former State Historic Sites Commission invited the Historical Society to occupy this Revolutionary War landmark as its museum headquarters. Sadly, the former Historic Sites Commission was abolished under the revised State Constitution in 1947 and its responsibilities transferred to an Office of Historic Sites in the Department of Conservation and Economic Development, predecessor to the modern DEP. Though it still exists, this Office of Historic Sites was never allowed to function as the "administrative unit" envisioned in law and the State Park Service assumed "management" of our state-owned historic sites, including several Revolutionary War battlefields. This probably explains a large part of New Jersey's perennial "identity crisis" and its absence as a player in the regional and national market for heritage tourism, despite being the so-called Crossroads of the American Revolution.
The Historic New Bridge Landing Park Commission was founded by state law in 1995 to "coordinate and implement federal, State, county, municipal, and private development policies and other activities relating to the historic preservation and recreational use of the property under the commission's jurisdiction." One of our most important goals, from the outset, has been to "construct a visitors’ center, including a permanent exhibit gallery, library, classrooms, meeting space, storage facility, rest rooms, and museum store" for the desired purpose of removing artifact collections from the danger of floods and effectively preserving and displaying them for educational purposes. To this end, $2 million dollars in property acquisitions was achieved and an auto salvage yard reclaimed, thereby opening the view of the historic park to 44,000 passing vehicles daily.
The Zabriskie-Steuben House was the best attended state-owned and operated historic house museum until April 2007, when the DEP's inability to recognize the threat of flooding and its refusal of volunteer help in removing artifacts to safety led to a unanimous bipartisan supplement to the original law, transferring administration of the state-owned lands and buildings to the Historic New Bridge Landing Park Commission. Furthermore, the law clearly requires "any State funds appropriated to the Department of Environmental Protection or the Division of Parks and Forestry in the department specifically for, or related to the administration of, the Steuben House or the Historic New Bridge Landing State Park shall be reallocated to the Historic New Bridge Landing Park Commission for the purposes of the administration of the Historic New Bridge Landing State Park." This has not happened and even in the face of an unprecedented natural disaster, the DEP Commissioner's designee on the Commission does not even return phone calls to coordinate a response to the threat to state property and an irreplaceable piece of our heritage.
In truth, we are at an impasse because government bureaucracies have mightily resisted any and all recognition of the Commission's statutory jurisdiction. Instead of making progress towards our common goals for the public betterment, we are instead entangled in pointless distractions and territorial squabbling with a petty and petulant beadledom. With the approach of each new crisis, we more clearly realize the consequences of deliberate inaction and governmental paralysis. Who suffers these consequences? Only the public.
Let me say plainly, in the wake of this latest catastrophe, that the Bergen County Historical Society cannot carry this great burden alone, especially while having to continually fend off self-described "partners with resources", whose intentions at the site do not seem to correspond with either the greatest public good, the wise expenditure of public moneys, or the protection and public enjoyment of a significant piece of American history. As I have said before: we are not trying to save the world, just a tiny corner of Bergen County's illustrious past. Our every attempt to do good has been rebuffed by bureaucratic intransigence.
For example, though saddled with the heavy moral and financial burden of protecting our land and collections and making them available to the public through quality programming, we were denied even a penny in general operating support when we applied to the New Jersey Historical Commission several years ago. The exact comments from one NJ Historical Commission grant reviewer were: "Fundraising efforts are good grassroots---such as pennies campaign and video---but suggest they go after major gifts/individual donors as they are in one of the wealthiest (if not the wealthiest) counties in the state." The reviewer made this comment despite our inclusion in our grant narrative of a recent $72,000 bequest to BCHS as well as a full-color fundraising brochure and professionally produced fundraising video (Forward To The Past), made through the efforts of local schoolchildren. In fact, all we do (including underwriting all programming on state property), we do through private donations! In the past year and a half, we have raised $100,000 toward construction of a museum, despite a poor economy. I thought the comment unfair and uncalled for at the time and I still believe so. I was particularly concerned with another reviewer's comment, which reads: "Suggest they try and get more professional staff and more young people with less ego onto the Board." Since we did not include the age of any of our board members in the application (nor any description of the size of their egos) and since many of them are professionals, I found such commentary frankly inexplicable. Honestly, in my opinion, it smacks of agism---the stereotype of the white-haired historical society, without checking the facts. Our board is actually quite young. So what is going on here?
We are not asking for a government handout, but we do seek a cooperative realization of state law for a worthy end. In reality, Bergen County taxpayers sent $1.1 billion more in sales and income taxes to Trenton in fiscal 2010 than the county received in state aid and we deserve to be treated better than as an ATM for the rest of the state. We ask you to investigate and remedy this ongoing insult, not only to Bergen County, but to every American who thinks understanding the lessons of history are crucial to a better future. The history of America's premier suburban county----and most contested battleground during the Revolutionary War---should not be sitting in warehouses, unavailable to a generation of schoolchildren, and exposed to harm. Most importantly, it should not be lost to future generations. I am telling you that the burden is more than we can bear alone and, in truth, it is not one we should have to bear alone.
I have been through several floods in my lifetime and I know the anguish. In this instance, my heart goes out to everyone who suffers loss, but this too matters. Please help if you can.
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Sean Lynch projects biography news contact
Vandals Get Arty
48 paving bricks
48 bricks arranged in various sculptural forms obliquely reference an incident in the centre of a traffic roundabout in Wexford town on 1st March 2008, where a stack of paving bricks were covertly removed from the ground and neatly piled on top of each other on a Saturday night. The scene was photographed and appeared in the Irish Daily Mirror later that week, with an accompanying editorial endorsing it as an unusual and successful piece of public art.
The event, which went unnoticed in any local or national art criticism, marks a significant editorial shift in the Mirror’s stance on the use of bricks in art. In 1976 the paper famously led with the headline WHAT A LOAD OF RUBBISH, reacting angrily to the Tate purchasing Carl Andre’s brick sculpture Equivalent VIII for their collection.
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This edition of the report has 4 chapters (not to mention the always appreciated MACStats!).
The first chapter focuses on the more than 9 million individuals under age 65 who qualify for Medicaid on the basis of having a disability. Medicaid plays a vital role for people with disabilities a role that has only expanded in recent years – as the report points out, between 1975 and 2008, enrollees with disabilities were the fastest growing eligibility group in Medicaid and accounted for half of program spending growth. This chapter includes eligibility and population characteristics, services and spending, as well as highlighting opportunities for improving quality.
The second chapter examines access to care for the more than 40 million children enrolled in Medicaid and CHIP compared to similarly situated uninsured children and those with ESI. Similar to other analyses, they find that children enrolled in Medicaid/CHIP are more likely to have a usual source of care, have had a well-child or specialist visit in the past year, and are less likely to have delayed medical care when compared to uninsured children. In comparison to kids with ESI, the picture is a bit more complex, but overall, their access and use of care is similar. We’ll get more into this in a future blog.
Chapter 3 reviews how states finance Medicaid and takes a closer look at health care related taxes and supplemental payments to providers. This chapter also provides an update on federal CHIP financing, including a brief discussion of how allotments are calculated and how the contingency fund operates. Spoiler alert – the FY 2012 CHIP allotments are in the MACStats chapter on page 139!
The final chapter looks at program integrity in Medicaid, describing state and federal initiatives to safeguard against fraud and abuse. It points out that the potential for duplication of efforts exists because of the number of statutory provisions, administration initiatives, and agencies (both state and federal) focused on program integrity and makes some recommendations on how to get the most out of such efforts.
Enjoy your weekend reading – I will.
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We bet the White House is starting to regret that policy of responding to every petition that garners 25,000 signatures.
In a report cheekily titled "This Isn't the Petition Response You're Looking For" - the White House explains why the U.S. cannot build a Death Star, a planet-destroying space station inspired by the Star Wars films.
Paul Shawcross, the chief of the Science and Space Branch at the White House Office of Management and Budget, broke it down. "The construction of the Death Star has been estimated to cost more than $850,000,000,000,000,000. We're working hard to reduce the deficit, not expand it... The Administration does not support blowing up planets... Why would we spend countless taxpayer dollars on a Death Star with a fundamental flaw that can be exploited by a one-man starship?"
Are you sad that there won't be a Death Star?
View original White House Responds to Petition to Build a Death Star at TVGuide.com
Related Articles on TVGuide.com
Other Links From TVGuide.com
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A Librarian in Every School, Books in Every Home • A Modest Proposal
This spring, within a week’s time, two things happened that made me angry. The first was the release of scores from the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) that showed African American 4th graders in Wisconsin (most of whom live in Milwaukee) had the lowest reading scores in the nation. Despite the limitations of such tests, the results confirmed what many educators already knew: Way too many Milwaukee children are not reading at an acceptable level.
The second was the district’s announcement of major cuts to local school budgets for next year. At the 400-student elementary school where I work, the projected cuts meant that, despite a modest increase in student enrollment, we had to cut an additional staff position. Given that in the past few years budget cuts had forced us to eliminate the music teacher, gym teacher, program implementor, half a secretarial position, and all of our regular classroom teaching assistants, we had little choice but to eliminate our librarian position. Similar cuts occurred throughout the Milwaukee schools, so it’s likely that next year the nearly 100 elementary and K-8 schools in the district will have only five full-time librarians.
The local media and policy makers expressed “outrage” on the first matter but ignored the second. The Milwaukee Journal Sentinel called for “greater accountability,” “firing bad teachers,” “linking teacher pay to performance,” and a number of other proposals. Local talk show hosts and columnists echoed the paper’s calls. Ignored was any recognition that the nearly 55 percent jobless rate in parts of the black community might impact children’s lives.
But, most tellingly, there was not one mention of libraries or librarians, or the need for children to have books in their homes.
Such silence is unconscionable. According to researcher and linguistics expert Stephen Krashen:
Research shows school libraries are related to better reading achievement. The reason for this is obvious: Children become better readers by reading more, and for many children, the library is the only place they have access to books.
Moreover, research by Jeff McQuillan has confirmed that access to books is strongly related to performance on the NAEP exam for 4th graders, even when researchers control for the effects of poverty.
During spring break I met with my principal and a parent who is on the school governance council, and we agreed to call a public meeting about the lack of librarians. Although we are concerned about our librarian position, we recognize that all children deserve a librarian in their school. Thus our call for the meeting talked of the need to work for a “librarian in every school.”
The day after spring break, the 4th- and 5th-grade teachers explained the potential loss of our librarian to our students. We invited them to form a club to address the issue. I met twice with 12 students in the week before the community meeting. After a brief discussion of why librarians are so important, the students decided to call their club the Rescue Our Librarians Club.
I explained that our school budget was $51,000 short of what we would need to have a librarian. We then moved into the “What can we do?” section of the meeting. A couple of children suggested writing letters to the president and the governor, but most focused their attention on raising money. Olivia, a 4th grader, confidently explained that on a good day she can make $20 at a lemonade stand. As others rushed to start planning the sale, I asked the question, “How many lemonade sales would that take us?”
“Lots,” another student responded. I suggested we figure it out. After some group long division we realized we would have to run 2,550 lemonade stands. The lemonade idea was shelved.
I suggested that as many students as possible stay after school on Friday to attend the community meeting (six did) and see what ideas the parents had. The group wrote out a statement with which to start the meeting, and Jalen, a 4th grader, volunteered to read it:
We are the future of America. We are students at La Escuela Fratney who formed the Rescue Our Librarians Club—the RLC. We want the budget cuts to stop so we can keep our library and librarian. Some adults say ‘Read a lot, don’t watch TV,’ but then they take away our library. That’s not good. . . . It’s not fair if a school doesn’t have a librarian. And it’s not fair if some schools have a librarian and others don’t. We want to help other students and schools to have their own librarians, too.
The children from several classes made posters and the club members wrote a poem that explained why having a library doesn’t work without a librarian.
A Library Without a Librarian
A library without a librarian is like
A beehive without bees
A tree without leaves
A brownie without chocolate
A forest without trees
A head without a brain
A book without words
An ocean without water
A bird without wings
A zebra without stripes
A tailor without clothes
A barber without scissors
Blood without iron
A bank without money
A fish without gills
A turtle without a shell
All these things are bad, but a
library without a librarian is worse.
Written by members of the Rescue Our Librarians Club at La Escuela Fratney.
The community meeting, attended by 75 people—including librarians, parents, students, university faculty, and concerned community members—discussed an array of possible immediate, medium, and long-range actions.
The most interesting proposal, from my point of view, was the idea that we should demand that the federal government—as part of its planned ESEA reauthorization—include funding for a full-time librarian in every public school with 200 children or more, plus outreach librarians in city and county library systems to work with religious and community organizations to increase the use of community libraries.
Back at the Rescue Our Librarians Club, we did some calculations. Assuming that wages and benefits for a librarian average $75,000 a year, and that there are 95,000 public schools in the United States, the government would have to find $7,125,000,000 to ensure a librarian for every school.
“Wow, that’s a lot!” one student exclaimed.
And it is. I directed the children to the website The Cost of War (costofwar.com), where we discovered that the United States spends nearly $300 million daily on the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan. We figured out that funding all those librarians for a year was equivalent to 25 days of war spending.
It’s too early to tell where the community meetings and the Rescue Our Librarians Club will lead. But personally, I can’t stop dreaming about federal funding for school and community librarians as part of the reauthorization of ESEA. Let’s see. We could ask that by 2014 or so, 100 percent of all schools should have certified librarians and 100 percent of public libraries should have expanded weekend hours. Now there’s a data-driven goal I could get behind. It would provide nearly 100,000 jobs, promote countless hours of lifelong learning and enjoyment to millions of people, and most likely raise those 4th-grade test scores.
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I did some research on wikipedia.org about intellect. This was on the website http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intellect. What I discovered was that there are many different types of ways that person's intellectual level could be determined. And that IQ tests do not really prove how intellegant a person is. This is becuase not everyone is as smart as others in the same ways. A quote that I liked was "This led Gardner to break intelligence down into at least eight different components: logical, linguistic, spatial, musical, kinesthetic, naturalist, intrapersonal and interpersonal intelligences". This quote shows that everybody is smart, but in their own category.
Another quote that I liked was "He argues that psychometric tests address only linguistic and logical plus some aspects of spatial intelligence; other forms have been entirely ignored." this shows how an IQ test or tests like these, do not determine how smart you are. I think that this research really helped me becuse it gave me some good points to think about.
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Biophysical Journal, Volume 99, Issue 2, 21 July 2010, Pages 447-455
N. Chiaruttini, M. de Frutos, E. Augarde, P. Boulanger, L. Letellier and V. Viasnoff
Bacteriophage T5 DNA ejection is a complex process that occurs on several timescales in vitro. By using a combination of bulk and single phage measurements, we quantitatively study the three steps of the ejection—binding to the host receptor, channel-opening, and DNA release. Each step is separately addressed and its kinetics parameters evaluated. We reconstruct the bulk kinetics from the distribution of single phage events by following individual DNA molecules with unprecedented time resolution. We show that, at the single phage level, the ejection kinetics of the DNA happens by rapid transient bursts that are not correlated to any genome sequence defects. We speculate that these transient pauses are due to local phase transitions of the DNA inside the capsid. We predict that such pauses should be seen for other phages with similar DNA packing ratios.
Abstract | Full Text | PDF (895 kb)
Current Biology, Volume 15, Issue 5, 8 March 2005, Pages 430-435
Stéphanie Mangenot, Marion Hochrein, Joachim Rädler and Lucienne Letellier
Infection by tailed dsDNA phages is initiated by release of the viral DNA from the capsid and its polarized injection into the host. The driving force for the genome transport remains poorly defined. Among many hypothesis [], it has been proposed that the internal pressure built up during packaging of the DNA in the capsid is responsible for its injection [[2–4]]. Whether the energy stored during packaging is sufficient to cause full DNA ejection or only to initiate the process was tested on phage T5 whose DNA (121,400 bp) can be released in vitro by mere interaction of the phage with its E. coli membrane receptor FhuA [[5–7]]. We present a fluorescence microscopy study investigating in real time the dynamics of DNA ejection from single T5 phages adsorbed onto a microfluidic cell. The ejected DNA was fluorescently stained, and its length was measured at different stages of the ejection after being stretched in a hydrodynamic flow. We conclude that DNA release is not an all-or-none process but occurs in a stepwise fashion and at a rate reaching 75,000 bp/sec. The relevance of this stepwise ejection to the in vivo DNA transfer is discussed.
Summary | Full Text | PDF (284 kb)
Biophysical Journal, Volume 99, Issue 4, 9 August 2010, Pages 1101-1109
David Wu, David Van Valen, Qicong Hu and Rob Phillips
We studied the control parameters that govern the dynamics of in vitro DNA ejection in bacteriophage λ. Previous work demonstrated that bacteriophage DNA is highly pressurized, and this pressure has been hypothesized to help drive DNA ejection. Ions influence this process by screening charges on DNA; however, a systematic variation of salt concentrations to explore these effects has not been undertaken. To study the nature of the forces driving DNA ejection, we performed in vitro measurements of DNA ejection in bulk and at the single-phage level. We present measurements on the dynamics of ejection and on the self-repulsion force driving ejection. We examine the role of ion concentration and identity in both measurements, and show that the charge of counterions is an important control parameter. These measurements show that the mobility of ejecting DNA is independent of ionic concentrations for a given amount of DNA in the capsid. We also present evidence that phage DNA forms loops during ejection, and confirm that this effect occurs using optical tweezers.
Abstract | Full Text | PDF (692 kb)
Copyright © 2005 The Biophysical Society All rights reserved.
Biophysical Journal, Volume 88, Issue 2, 1364-1370, 1 February 2005
* Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, UMR CNRS 8502, and Université Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay, Cedex, France
† Institut de Biochimie et Biophysique Moléculaire et Cellulaire, UMR CNRS 8619, Université Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay, Cedex, France
DNA ejection from bacteriophage T5 can be passively driven in vitro by the interaction with its specific host receptor. Light scattering was used to determine the physical parameters associated with this process. By studying the ejection kinetics at different temperatures, we demonstrate that an activation energy of the order of 70kBT must be overcome to allow the complete DNA ejection. A complex shape of the kinetics was found whatever the temperature. This shape may be actually understood using a phenomenological model based on a multistep process. Passing from one stage to another requires the mentioned thermal activation of pressurized DNA inside the capsids. Both effects contribute to shorten or to lengthen the pause time between the different stages explaining why the T5 DNA ejection is so slow compared to other types of phage.
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COP17 climate talks in Durban ended with mixed reactions and emotions. The deal? To establish a new body, the Ad Hoc Working Group on the Durban Platform for Enhanced Action, to negotiate a new global agreement for emissions reduction by 2015, to come into effect and be implemented from 2020. So, what does this mean to me? Well, the short answer is a whole lot and nothing at all! Continue reading
The challenges we see in the UNFCCC ( United Nations Climate Change Convention), are not very different from the challenges we see among civil society, or the challenges we, the IofC team, have with living in Maria’s ( Our sweet host in Durban) house. Wei, Firyal, Jennifer, John Liu and myself are going on a collective journey of collectively creating our living and work space. We have diverse perceptions about life and work, which have been upsetting at times, but create a dynamic lively atmosphere to our life. Continue reading
Today one of the biggest global campaigns in history launches a new phase – the 10/10/10 global work party. During 2009, in the run-up to the Copenhagen conference on climate change, COP15, the 350.org campaign organised the ‘most widespead day of political action’ on Saturday 24 October when 5,245 separate actions took place across 181 countries all calling for a commitment to a target of 350 parts per million (ppm) carbon dioxide (CO2) in the earth’s atmosphere. Present levels are above 385 ppm and rising. Continue reading
by Mike Lowe
One thing is very clear: – the people who will suffer the most from climate change are the world’s poorest, who have contributed least to the problems.
Professor Dr. M. Din Syamsuddin is President of Muhammadiyah, which at 30 million members is one of the world’s largest Muslim organisations. Protecting Indonesia’s ancient rain-forest will be an important component of any deal to limit global warming. This is what he has to say to the people meeting in Copenhagen (with thanks again to film-maker Ashley Young)
I am also adding an interview with Visier Sanyu from Nagaland. Visier, who lives in Melbourne, is President of the Naga Overseas Association. The Nagas are an indigenous tribal people who live in North-East India and Western Burma.
This wonderful short film by Ashley Young gives a flavour of the extraordinary week that has been the Parliament of the World’s Religions. There were many personal messages and prayers for the Copenhagen summit which delegates wrote on a 50 metre scroll (covering both sides) which will be delivered to the summit. This film also includes a message from the Right Reverend Dr Peter Hollingworth, former Governor General of Australia.
post by Mike Lowe (buberfan)
Climate Change was one of the major focuses of the Parliament of the World’s Religions which met 3-9 December in Melbourne, Australia.
Film-maker Ashley Young has captured some of the voices from the Parliament, in partnership with Initiatives of Change and Martin Frick from the Global Humanitarian Forum, with the intention that these voices might be heard in Copenagen. I will post these one per day on this blog, but if you are inpatient, you can access them all here.
Meanwhile, here is the first – Martin Frick interviewing Nobel Peace Prize nominee Sulak Sivaraksa, founder of the Network of Engaged Buddhists.
post by Mike Lowe (buberfan)
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Each day we see proofs of the wisdom of the Founding Fathers in the creation of a federalist form of government which gave superior authority to a central government within a very limited sphere, and left all other functions to the states, or the people. Far from being the limited government which our Founders envisioned, the federal government today is a monstrous leviathan which is equal parts incompetence and avarice. This is what happens when government attains more power. Government is the only entity legally able to use force to achieve its goals. Government is a monopoly, and therefore does not have to be efficient or innovative on order to retain its "customers." It is essentially immune from the disastrous consequences of its decisions and actions. It can compel continued allegiance and higher payments.
A timely example of the results of government expansionism is in the continued stagnancy of our economy. In the last days of the Bush presidency, and expanded throughout the Obama presidency, the federal government took steps which would supposedly save the economy from a financial collapse (which itself was the result of government interference in the market). With the passage of the "stimulus" bill, unemployment was not supposed to reach 8 percent according to the Obama administration, yet it did that and more. Unemployment spiked above 10 percent AFTER the near-trillion dollar stimulus was passed, and stayed at or above 9 percent for almost three years, before dropping to above 8 percent, a point we were not supposed to have reached at all.
This week, the Bureau of Labor Statistics reported an anemic 80,000 jobs created in June, about half the level needed to keep up with population growth, and about a quarter of what we need for healthy job growth. Spinning harder than a Maytag, the chairman of Obama's Council of Economic Advisors, Alan Krueger, told us that "It is important not to read too much into any one monthly report. There are no quick fixes to the problems we face that were more than a decade in the making." Maybe so, but it is not just one monthly report, it is nearly four years worth of monthly reports.
Even more demoralizing, the 8.2 percent unemployment rate doesn't tell the whole story. Since Obama took office, the labor force as a percentage of total U.S. population shrunk by 2.1 percent, many of whom are people that simply gave up looking for work. Under the criteria used by the Obama administration, when someone gives up trying to find a job and drops out of the workforce, they no longer count as unemployed. If the workforce labor participation rate were the same now as on the day of Obama's inauguration, reports James Pethokoukis of AEI, the true unemployment rate would now be 10.9 percent.
Furthermore, as reported by reporter David Harsanyi, "Approximately one-third of positions created in June were temporary service jobs. There were 821,000 discouraged workers in June. ... Unemployment for black Americans rose to 14.4 percent ... Fears of a serious slowdown in an already tepid recovery are real: In April, May and June the economy created 75,000 new jobs, while there were 226,000 new jobs created on average in January, February and March. This week we also learned that corporate profits declined last quarter, the first decline since the fourth quarter of 2008. Also, manufacturing shrank in June for the first time in nearly three years."
One can easily see why Obama doesn't want us to look too much into the numbers. How many times in the last year have we seen Obama tout even the most miniscule improvements in the jobs numbers as proof that his economic plan is working, only to be utterly silent when those same jobs numbers are revised downwards the following month?
Some defend Obama's policies as being necessary to improve the economy, and others point to those policies as proof that Obama meant what he said when he told us he wanted to "fundamentally transform" America into his vision of a European-style socialist democracy. Regardless of which side you take, it misses the point. The point is not what his intentions are, but what the results are; and the results have been devastating to the U.S. economy and the American workers and families.
Certainly, no one can claim Obama hasn't invested energy and political capital into changing the American economy. His first major achievement in office was the passage of the "stimulus" bill, which clocked in at nearly a trillion dollars. That bill was loaded with incentives to direct the economy the way Obama and the Democrats deemed best. There were giveaways to labor unions, massive funding for the public sector workforce, money for infrastructure, high speed rail, and billions of dollars for "green energy" companies. In signing the bill, Obama proclaimed it would help us by keeping teachers, firefighters and policemen on the job, and the "investment" in green energy would generate millions of new jobs.
In reality, we ended up with more than $5 trillion in new debt, forty-one consecutive months above 8 percent unemployment, billions of taxpayer dollars wasted on green energy companies, whose owners just happen to be well-connected Democrat donors, which are now going bankrupt at an astounding rate. We have massive new regulations that stifle innovation and keep business owners fearful of expanding and hiring.
The great fallacy is that a relative handful of politicians, many with little or no experience in running a successful business (including Obama and the vast majority of his cabinet), and with no direct consequences if their grand ideas fail, can better allocate finite resources than those whose money is at risk.
A true free market (not the corporate socialism model we operate under today) is the best avenue we have for widespread prosperity. That is because when there is great risk of personal loss, decision makers are less likely to gamble on a venture with a low likelihood of success. Conversely, where there is a likelihood of great reward, private capital will fill the need for development funding. This leads to incredible levels of innovation.
Consider two examples: after the government takeover of GM, we got the Chevy Volt, an outrageously expensive car that has sold only a few thousand units despite billions of taxpayer dollars in direct subsidies and tax credits for buyers. Supposedly cutting edge, it is most well known for catching on fire.
On the other hand, look at the information technology industry, a market advancing so rapidly that government can't write regulations before that technology is essentially obsolete. Tens of millions of Americans now walk around with smart phones that not only can send and receive calls virtually anywhere by connecting with satellites traveling at 18,000 mph in geosynchronous orbit in space, but can carry around hundreds of music albums and thousands of books on a chip no larger than a postage stamp.
So please, tell me again ... how is government going to be our great savior? It can't even get out of its own way. And THAT is why all of the ministrations of government to improve the economy have been massive failures. Government exists to protect our rights, not to direct every aspect of our lives.
Louis DeBroux is a Taylorsville resident, married, with eight children. He is chairman of the Bartow County Republican Party. He owns Gatekeeper data backup and recovery. He can be emailed at email@example.com.
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|calendar>>June 10. 2012 Juch 101|
Rodong Sinmun Praises Kim Il Sung, Kim Jong Il's Exploits for Global Independence
| Pyongyang, June 10 (KCNA) -- President Kim Il Sung and general secretary Kim Jong Il were prominent external activists who led the cause of global independence to victory, says Rodong Sinmun Sunday in an article.
The Korean people and other world revolutionary people are moving forward under the uplifted banner of independence, peace and friendship and adhering and advancing the cause of global peace and socialism. This would have been unthinkable without Kim Il Sung and Kim Jong Il's history of external activities, says the article, adding:
Kim Il Sung and Kim Jong Il conducted outstanding ideological and theoretical activities to lead the cause of global independence to victory.
Kim Il Sung and Kim Jong Il indicated principled requirements, tasks, strategy and tactics for developing international relations based on independence. They include an issue of the driving force of struggle for global independence, an issue of ensuring independent development in developing countries, an issue of strengthening unity and solidarity of anti-imperialist independent forces, an issue of developing the Non-Aligned Movement and an issue of replacing the old international order by a fresh and fair one.
These are immortal exploits performed by Kim Il Sung and Kim Jong Il for accomplishing the cause of human independence.
Kim Il Sung and Kim Jong Il provided extraordinary leadership to lead the cause of global independence to victory.
Assistance to nations and people making revolution and struggling with devotion characterizes their external activities.
There are many foreigners who glorified their life as revolutionary comrades and friends of Kim Il Sung and Kim Jong Il thanks to their great loving care.
Kim Il Sung and Kim Jong Il visited lots of countries and met with heads of party, state and government and other foreign personages.
The accomplishment of global independence is guaranteed by conducting active external activities following Kim Il Sung and Kim Jong Il's strategy and idea of external activities.
Copyright (C) KOREA NEWS SERVICE(KNS) All Rights Reserved.
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Since Friday where we left off from this tutorial, I added the two rows of logs and decided to add another round of white rather than ending with the striped fabric on the outside. I sewed on the first two logs (I had cut the fabric wide - about 6"), but then the block was getting so big that the white kona strip would not be long enough on the third side. AH! A design opportunity! I just cut the kona strip and inserted a piece of the center fabric. I only put the white on three sides. I was figuring that once I cut the block into quarters that I didn't want to have a lot of extra white between the quarters to cut off.
Here I took the block and folded roughly in half. I used the edges of the center piece as my guide. Since my outside border is only on three sides I don't want to use that as a guide for folding the block. After folding I finger pressed the fold. This will give me a glide line for slicing the block. I am not concerned that I cut perfectly on this line. I just wanted a guide so that I end with the block cut into four similar sized pieces.
Here you can just see the finger pressed line that I will use as a guide for cutting the block in half.
The block cut in half.
One of the halves folded in half and I finger pressed a line as a guide for cutting.
Here is one of the two halves sliced into two pieces. Next let's put them on the design wall.
The blocks arranged on the wall. I really didn't have to fuss too much with this step. I like pretty much where I had put them the first time. I only changed how far the blocks were from each other. I did change the orientation of the blocks 90 degrees in the next picture.
I added some of the scraps at the bottom. The piece was measuring about 40" wide by 43" long. I didn't want a square quilt. I sewed together the scraps and sewed them to the bottom of the lower blocks.
Here you can see that I will need to add some fabric to the left side of the upper right block in order to place the block where I want it. This is just what happens in this type of piecing. It was not unexpected - just part of the process.
After I sewed a piece of kona to the left side of the upper block I layed it back up on the wall. In order to know where to cut the fabric for joining the lower block to the upper block when moving the blocks from the wall to the cutting table, I used a blue water soluable maker to make some tick marks. Otherwise I would be a real guess for placement. Here you can see the marks I made. I moved the upper block 1/2" away from the blue markings to add for seam allowance. I cut the fabric at the edge of the upper block and just removed the extra white fabric on the lower block.
The last seam will be joining the left and right sections together. After that I will go ahead and square it up then I will be ready to show how I get the quilt ready for quilting.
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books about: leadership
The Rise of Theodore Roosevelt
Thirty years ago, The Rise of Theodore Roosevelt won both the Pulitzer Prize and the National Book Award. A collector’s item in its original edition, it has never been out of print as a paperback. This classic book is now reissued in hardcover, along with Theodore Rex , to coincide with the publication of Colonel Roosevelt , the third and concluding volume of Edmund Morris’s definitive trilogy on the life of the twenty-sixth President. ...
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The Anatomy of Peace: Resolving the Heart of Conflict
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Your company is only as strong as your leaders. These are the men and women doing battle daily beneath the banner that is your brand. Are they courageous or indecisive? Are they serving a motivated team or managing employees? Are they valued? Your team will never grow beyond you, so here’s another question to consider. Are you growing? Whether you’re sitting at the CEO’ s desk, the middle manager’s cubicle, or a card table in your ...
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Nearly 2,000 years ago, Jesus started a movement that has grown like wildfire throughout history. Author and pastor Andy Stanley draws from Scripture and over 25 years of pastoral experience to bring to life the irresistible nature of this movement known as the Church. With surprising candor and transparency pastor Andy Stanley explains how one of America's largest churches began with a high-profile divorce and a church split. But that's just ...
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Skip to comments.Making Sense of the Resurrection Accounts – Are there Discrepancies? [Ecumenical]
Posted on 04/29/2011 8:32:25 AM PDT by Salvation
When we read the various accounts of the Resurrection in the four Gospels, Acts and Pauline Epistles we can easily be puzzled by some apparent discrepancies in the details.
The Pope in his recent book, Jesus of Nazareth (Vol II) says, We have to acknowledge that this testimony [of Scripture] considered from an historical point of view, is presented to us in a particularly complex form and gives rise to many questions. (P. 242)
The Pope goes on to explain what he considers to be the reason for this complexity and apparent divergence in some of the details.
What actually happened? Clearly for the witnesses who encountered the risen Lord, it was not easy to say. They were confronted with what, for them, was an entirely new reality, far beyond the limits of their own experience. Much as the reality of the event overwhelmed them and impelled them to bear witness, it was still utterly unlike anything they had previously known. (p. 242).
The Pope then reminds us that Jesus resurrection was experienced by them as something far beyond the resuscitation of a corpse. Rather, Jesus had taken up a wholly new and transformed humanity that was beyond anything they could fully describe or had ever experienced.
With all this in mind we are better able to appreciate the ecstatic qualities of the resurrection accounts and appreciate why all their details do not perfectly line up. The accounts have a rather crisp, lets get to the point quality; especially the accounts of the first day of the appearances. Frankly, one would be surprised if every detail in the account of an astonishing event were exactly the same. One might even suspect a story that was too controlled and wonder as to a kind of brainwashing or conspiracy having taken place. But as they are, these accounts have every hallmark of the accounts of people who experienced the events truly, but, due to their ecstatic and disorienting quality, recall the details differently or emphasize different facets.
It is important to recall that the Scriptures record the things Jesus actually said and did but they are not written like history is today: Today we attempt or think we write history as an exact chronological and comprehensive analysis of an event or era. But the Scriptures are selective, story based accounts rather than our modern journalistic approach to history. They will often collect the sayings and deeds of Jesus around certain theological themes, rather than follow an exact time line. They do not intended to be an exhaustive account of everything Jesus said and did in exact detail (cf Jn 20:30; 21:25). Rather the Evangelists select what is suited to their theological purpose. And yet, despite these distinctions we must be clear that the gospels are historical accounts, in that they recount the things Jesus actually said and did.
Now, for the record, there are some apparent, and also real discrepancies in the accounts. The word apparent is important though, because not all the discrepancies are real or substantial if we take a closer look at them. Some who wish to cast doubt on the historicity of the Resurrection often wish to make more of these differences than necessary. Many, if not most of the differences can be dealt with quite easily and we are able to ultimately stitch together a reasonably clear account of the resurrection, if we are disposed to do so.
So, lets consider some of the apparent conflicts that emerge in the accounts:
At one level some react that some of these details are picky. Who cares really who many women went or how many angels? Perhaps but it does not seem wise to simply dismiss the differences this way. Some of the differences ARE quite significant. For example, did Jesus appear to them first in Jerusalem? Luke and John are quite clear that he did. But why then do Mark and Matthew completely ignore this and tell the angel instruct the women to have the disciples go to Galilee where they will see him? Now, as has been stated, these differences can be addressed in a thoughtful manner but they should not be simply dismissed as of no account.
In what follows I propose to address these difference and give possible resolutions. I am also aware and expect to hear from some who consider any attempts to resolve these matters simplistic. But I and others who have pondered these matters are not simpletons and would prefer if those who might have a different explanation or view would avoid dismissive, demeaning or ad hominem argumentum. If something seems wrong state why and give evidence or an alternative point of view. So, on to possible solutions.
So here then is a short tour of some of the apparent discrepancies and possible ways to resolve them.
In the end we simply have to accept that the Gospels do not record history in the same systematic and strictly chronological manner we moderns prefer. But they DO record history. It is for us to accept the evidence and accounts as they are given. The fact is that to develop a precise time frame and blow by blow chronological description may not be fully possible. However, careful study of the texts can help somewhat in this regard.
In tomorrows blog I would like to propose a somewhat chronological account that attempts to weave the many strands into one narrative. Such an attempt as we will see involves some speculation given the nature of ancient historical accounts. But it can help us to sort our the many details by trying to order them. So stay tuned for tomorrow.
I’ll post the follow-up article tonight.
Law of averages says the Pope has to get something right here and there and he's right on this one.
There are at least three basic stories in the Bible about somebody being seen and heard from after he died i.e. Jesus, Lazarus, and Samuel (the tale of the 'Witch of Endor'). All of those stories involve paranormal things; none involve anything supernatural, magic, or in violation of any sort of a basic law, and none of them involve anybody re-using a dead body. If you want violations of physical and mathematical and probabilistic laws, particularly if you need them in wholesale lots, you need to be speaking to the evolutionites, they specialize in that sort of thing.
"Today we attempt or think we write history as an exact chronological and comprehensive analysis of an event or era. But the Scriptures are selective, story based accounts rather than our modern journalistic approach to history."
Is it not possible that the intervention of Divine Providence in "history" leaves mere "historians" without the appropriate tools for "writing" it?
Of such incidents in human history, Dr. Ralph Sockman once observed that "when we examine [these] things, we must put away our little finite measuring rods."
Americans have a more recent example of how such "chronological and comprehensive" "writing" of history has missed the real essence of its own remarkable story and may be threatening the future liberty of millions.
America's history books have focused on names, dates, battle, places, and such, and have failed to tell the remarkable story of the real "miracle" of America and what its Founders called the "hand of Divine Providence" in America's appearance as a place of liberty and opportunity for oppressed individuals from all over the globe. As a result, its citizens have not been excited about the "light of liberty" which burst upon the world, and liberty's underlying essential principles.
One historian, Richard Frothingham, decided to write such an ideas-based history in 1886, tracing America's rise among the nations, not by the usual means, but by the ideas and principles revealed to those who participated in the framing of the Declaration of Independence and Constitution. His remarkable work now can be read on line.
Hopefully, this post does not take this discussion too far afield. The Resurrection story, however, as a purely "historical" event, unaccompanied by the relationship of that event to the Creator of life and the Providential hand of that Creator in the ongoing story of civilization, like the story of America, would be robbed of its real significance.
In Mark’s Gospel, there is two accounts, a new short one and a older longer one as well.
Just wow. Did the pope personally write this? I am impressed and thoroughly enjoyed the logical mind of the author. The different accounts offer proof that these accounts were real events written by real people. People remember things slightly differently. If all gospels perfectly agreed then that would be suspect.
Does this look Catholic or Orthodox to you?
The Bible is a love story about God and His people. It’s true, it’s history. It was not written with charts and footnotes and such, however. So don’t expect rigorous consistency in factual detail when the emphasis is on God and His People, and how Christ saved us.
Sounds like Hillsdale College.
Testimony in court by different witnesses, events that take place in war, ant event where people are under great emotional stress —are all instances in which participants give different accounts of the same event.
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My horse always acts like he is starving to death and he is a “gobbler” when he eats. I have always been afraid that he will cause himself to colic. An old horseman suggested that I put large rocks in my horse’s grain bucket to force him to eat slowly. Is this guy crazy or will this help?
Many horses gobble their feed. This is a condition often referred to as bolting their feed. Horses that bolt their feed run the risk of choking. The act of chewing adds saliva to the feed, which lubricates it and enables it to be swallowed.
If horses are not chewing their feed properly and adequate saliva is not added, the dry feed material can be lodged in the esophagus. Occasionally horses can clear the obstruction from the esophagus, but most will require veterinary intervention to resolve the problem. Your old horseman friend has offered a practical solution to your horse’s habit of consuming the grain portion of his diet too rapidly.
Simply adding large rocks to the feed bucket will force the horse to eat more slowly. The rocks should be large in size to prevent the horse from swallowing them. Another solution may be to offer the horse the hay portion of its diet prior to feeding grain. This will serve to fill the horse’s stomach prior to the grain being fed.
Continuous grazing is the natural feeding behavior of horses and most horses provided with that opportunity will be content to eat their feed slowly. Providing continuous access to grass hay will help to satisfy a horse that does not have access to pasture but the type of hay fed becomes very important.
Free access to alfalfa hay will certainly make the horse happy, but depending on its activity level (or lack of activity) it may make the horse fat. Feeding smaller amounts of high calorie, dairy quality alfalfa may leave the horse feeling hungry and encourage bolting.
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The Education Department
The Education Department at Norwich Cathedral welcomes over 15,000 schoolchildren and many thousands of individuals, families and community groups each year.
The Department runs a thriving programme of schools and community learning ranging from tours and special activity events/days to exhibitions to workshops in the Labyrinth and Herb Garden.
Opportunities exist to volunteer for a range of practical activities in this exciting and vital Cathedral ministry, for example ,guiding children's tours and helping at family workshops.
Many Education volunteers are former teachers but this is not essential; the most important requirement is enthusiasm. There are also opportunities for those able to take foreign language tours.
All Education volunteers need a Criminal Records Bureau check which the Cathedral will discuss with you and arrange.
The aims of Norwich Cathedral Library support the wider mission of the Cathedral. In particular, the Library shares the responsibilities of welcome, fellowship and teaching.
The principal role of Library volunteers is to provide a service to users of the Library; to welcome all those who enter the Library and to support the learning of Library users.
The Library seeks, in turn, to offer volunteers an opportunity to learn, particularly through the undertaking of Library tasks, and the fellowship of Library users and other Library staff,, both voluntary and salaried.
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The standard-bearer of the hamburger, McDonald’s, is bowing to local demand and is opening a meat-free restaurant in India. The global chain, whose best-known product is the Big Mac burger in a bun, says it will be its first vegetarian outlet.
McDonald’s, the world’s second biggest food outlet after Subway, increasingly adapts its range to local demand. Both India’s Hindu majority and Muslims can eat the same meat-free dishes. Religiously observant Hindus see cows as sacred and avoid beef, while Muslims view pigs as unclean and avoid pork.
According to the AFP news agency, McDonald’s will open the outlet in the middle of next year, near the Golden Temple in the Sikh holy city of Amritsar in northern India.
Religious authorities forbid consumption of meat at the shrine. The chain plans to open another vegetarian outlet in north-western India, near the Vaishno Devi cave shrine in Kashmir, which is a Hindu pilgrimage site that attracts hundreds of thousands of visitors a year.
In India, its menu is typically 50% vegetarian. Its signature dish in the country is the McAloo Tikki burger, which uses a spiced potato-based filling. It accounts for 25% of total sales.
Is opening a vegetarian-only outlet in India a good move for McDonald’s? Feel free to express your thoughts and opinions via the comment box below!
Source: BBC News
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Bringing Mecca to the British Museum
Bibliothèque Nationale de France
Over the next two months the great domed interior of what used to be the British Museum’s reading room, where Marx researched Das Kapital and Bram Stoker (creator of Dracula) was a reader, is host to Hajj, a remarkable exhibition that celebrates the most sacred event in the Islamic calendar, the pilgrimage to Mecca. The exhibition seems more than a cultural event—a milestone, perhaps, in the public recognition and acceptance of Islam at the heart of British life. Conceived by British Museum director Neil MacGregor and the museum’s Islamic art curator Venetia Porter with assistance from the Saudi Arabian government, it is an unusual collaboration between a museum dedicated to secular learning and the current rulers of Islam’s holiest sites, who have lent many important works.
Presiding over its opening in late January were Prince Abdulaziz bin Abdullah, deputy Saudi foreign minister and son of the Saudi King, and Prince Charles—the heir to the British throne. There was a pleasing irony in the ceremony’s being held (with soft drinks only) in the gallery devoted to the eighteenth century Enlightenment with the princes reading their speeches in front of a Roman statue of the goddess Minerva. Prince Charles, who will presumably be the next Supreme Governor of the Church of England, spoke of the show’s “timeless truth that all life is rooted in the unity of our Creator.” Prince Abdulaziz—by Saudi standards an enlightened figure who sponsors translations of scientific texts into and out of Arabic—referred to his country’s “tangible efforts to spread peace all over the world,” a comment that raised few eyebrows from the assembled ranks of the British establishment, despite recent Saudi efforts to help the ruling Sunni dynasty in Bahrain suppress demonstrations by mainly Shiite protestors.
But while there were political implications, this was not in any strict sense, a political forum and in any case British royals, including Prince Charles, appear more comfortable with the hereditary rulers of Saudi Arabia and the Gulf, whom they regard as kindred spirits, than the uncertainties unleashed by the Arab Spring.
Hajj was organized in partnership with the King Abdul Aziz Public Library in Riyadh, which facilitated the loan of objects from Saudi Arabia, and helped with some of the texts, as Porter explained. (Funding came from the HSBC Amanah bank and the British government’s Arts and Humanities Research Council.) And while Saudi Arabian officials had no role in the choice or presentation of other objects loaned from more than thirty other collections, the organizers have clearly gone to some lengths to accommodate Saudi sensitivities and to undergird the monarch’s role as Guardian of Islam’s two holiest shrines (namely Mecca, where Muhammad was born and Medina where he is buried).
One of five obligatory “pillars” of the Islamic faith, the Hajj unites Muslims from all classes, backgrounds and traditions. It includes the ritual circumambulation of the Ka‘ba, the cubular building that stands at the center of the Grand Mosque in Mecca, in the direction of which Muslims in all parts of the world face during daily prayers, as well as other demanding rituals conducted in the neighborhood of Mecca.
The Ka’ba is a somewhat stark flat-roofed structure, fifty feet high with a forty-foot façade and slightly shorter side walls, constructed from the layers of the grey-blue stone found in the hills surrounding Mecca. As the captions in the exhibition state, Muslims believe it was built by Abraham (Ibrahim), the original monotheist and with his son Ishmael (Ismail) ancestor of the Arabs). Abraham is said to have instituted monotheism and ordained the pilgrimage at God’s command, but later generations fell away, allowing idol worship to prevail until Muhammad “restored” the true religion of Abraham. The show does not mention the scholarly questions that have been raised about the Abrahamic account. The Encyclopedia of Islam—the canonical source for non-believers, states that “aside from Muslim traditions, practically nothing is known of the history of the Ka‘ba,” although Mecca (under the name Macorba) is mentioned in Ptolemy’s Geography, so it is assumed that the shrine existed in the second century CE.
In imitation of the tawaf (the ritual of circumambulation around the Ka’ba, which is performed by pilgrims by walking seven times around it in a counter-clockwise direction) the visitor to the beautifully-designed exhibition glides up a curving gallery, to encounter a series of displays showing the history of the Hajj through the ages. A Saudi lady, who had performed the pilgrimage several times, told me the experience brought tears to her eyes: “When you enter this exhibition you feel you are entering Mecca”—a city forbidden to non-Muslims, including the British Museum people who curated the show. The exhibits include artifacts, maps, textiles, documents from some forty collections, including those loaned from Saudi Arabia, notably the great kiswa, the black silken hanging embroidered with gold calligraphy, that covers the building.
Nasser D. Khalili Collection
Until the Saudi occupation of Mecca in 1926 the kiswa was sent annually from Cairo in a richly decorated camel-borne palanquin known as the mahmal, of which the exhibition has a superb example. Archive footage from 1918 shows the pomp with which this august aniconic symbol of Islamic devotion began its journey.. An edited version of Journey to Mecca, a recent Imax film, conveys some powerful images of Islamic faith in action: the ritual of prostration, honed over fifteen centuries - as the believers bow in perfectly coordinated movements in circles that radiate outwards from the Ka‘ba; the standing at the sacred mount of Arafat outside Mecca, which the white-robed pilgrims cover completely, like some vast colony of sea-birds; and a speeded-up view of the tawaf, where the Ka‘ba stands majestically—like the mysterious black monolith in Stanley Kubrick’s film 2001—an otherworldly symbol surrounded by the blurred gyrations of the worshippers.
The impression is underscored by a striking statement about the merging of individual identities in the mass by the Shiite intellectual Ali Shariati, who died in 1977 two years before the outbreak of the Iranian revolution he helped to inspire: “As you circumambulate and move closer to the Ka‘ba you feel like a small stream merging with a big river. You have been transformed into a particle that is gradually melting and disappearing. This is love at its absolute peak.”
The skeptically-minded will find some significant gaps in the show’s presentation of its subject. For example the caption for the mahmal footage is somewhat reticent, pointing out only that the practice of sending the embroidered palanquin from Egypt was discontinued in 1926. No mention is made of the trouble that erupted between the Egyptian pilgrims and the Saudi Wahhabis who had recently taken over the holy city. Leadership of the Hajj and protecting the pilgrims from marauding beduin were the foremost prerequisites of Islamic legitimacy and were reflected in contests over Mecca, the ritual center of the Islamic world. In 930, for instance, ultra-radicals of the Carmathian sect wrenched the sacred Black Stone from the south-eastern corner of the Ka‘ba and took it back to their stronghold on the Gulf near modern Bahrain. It was only returned - in pieces - more than two decades later, after the Abbasid caliph had paid a massive ransom. Given its historic and ritual significance, it would have been useful to have had a display showing the stone’s interesting but mysterious provenance. The captions relate only the Muslim belief that the stone, said to have been brought by the Angel Gabriel, was originally white, but became blackened by its contact with sinful humanity.
Some observers, including the English travelers Richard Burton who visited Mecca disguised as an Afghan in 1853 and Eldon Rutter who made the pilgrimage in 1926 considered it to be meteorite, others a fragment of rock created by meteorite impact. Such theories point in the direction of an object rendered sacred by reason of its extra-terrestrial origin. Fortunately some of the exhibition’s omissions are filled in the catalog, which contains informative articles by Robert Irwin and Ziaduddin Sardar. (My own contribution to the catalog, over-generously acknowledged, was limited to providing minor editorial suggestions, although I will have the opportunity to discuss some of the anthropological dimensions of the pilgrimage at an event scheduled for March 23).
Irwin’s essay balances the exhibitions wholesomely positive displays by pointing out how the pilgrimage had the disastrous side-effect of spreading cholera during the nineteenth century; while Sardar mentions several recent disasters, including the deaths of more than 1400 pilgrims in a stampede in 1990 and more than 300 when fire swept through a camp in 1997. Sardar also acknowledges the astonishing “improvements” being made to the holy site by its Saudi beneficiaries, which include the Royal Clock Tower, a replica of Big Ben five times the size of the London original. No surprise, perhaps, that this astonishing testimony to the taste of Saudi Arabia’s princes finds no place in the British Museum’s hallowed precincts, though images are freely available on the Internet.
Bibliothèque Nationale de France
In part, the exhibition’s unskeptical approach seems also to reflect the fact that it is dedicated to a living religion, not an antique belief system. It lays out Muslim beliefs without exploring the archaeological and anthropological matrices from which they issue. The question this raises is: should a scholarly and secular institution refrain from such exploration in order to accommodate religious sensitivities?
In this regard it may be noted that the lead essay on the early Hajj was commissioned from Hugh Kennedy, a “safe” medieval historian, rather than a scholar of religion such as G. R. Hawting. In line with the views of some western revisionists Hawting suggests that the “idolatry” against which Muhammad inveighed may not have been an actual practice, but a rhetorical trope used in arguments between rival monotheists.
On the other hand, the exhibition’s endorsement of orthodox Muslim beliefs conveys an important public message. Within a week of the exhibition’s opening nine Muslim men including seven British citizens, received prison sentences of 12 to 13 years after pleading guilty to a series of terrorist offenses, including plots to place a bomb in the toilets of the London Stock Exchange. Inspired by Anwar al-Awlaki, the US citizen and al-Qaeda leader killed in a drone attack in Yemen last year, the group epitomizes the alienation felt by many young Muslims from mainstream British society. An exhibition that celebrates the Islamic faith inside Britain’s foremost institution of culture must serve to counter feelings of exclusion.
Numerous schools with Muslim pupils have signed up for group visits to the show, not to mention coach loads of visitors from cities with substantial Muslim populations. The exhibition, with its blend of history, culture and the art that speaks to faith, and arises out of it, takes the British Museum beyond its traditional remit of preserving the past and puts it at the heart of the public debate about Islam and the place of Muslims in British society. Tactful, non-critical references to the beliefs held by Muslim majorities seems a reasonable price to pay for this bold initiative which MacGregor sees as serving the Museum’s “guiding principle of using objects and the forum of an exhibition to try to understand the complex world in which we live”. Minerva’s owl may fly at dusk but for Islam’s active believers, and the petrodollar Guardians of the Holy Places, this is still mid-afternoon.
Hajj is on view at the British Museum through April 15.
February 27, 2012, 1:10 p.m.
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How do you define a "good" action if you are neutral in your mind state? I think I understand your point about remaining objective in every situation; I agree when assessing how to relate and react to a situation not allowing emotions to get the better of your judgement is important. However, if your judgement is not based on right or wrong then how do you know the action you choose to take is the right course of action or the morally obligatory form of action to restore harmony?
First and foremost morals are man made rules. Man in his wisdom makes rules and calls them right and wrong. Unfortunately man ain't too wise so we end up with things and actions called right which obviously are not good.
Neutral to me is real and dynamic. In fact I often say to people that the axis around which all turns is neutral and indeed has to be. Like the axle on a car.
Your universe, your world, revolves around you. Therefor you as self should be neutral or else wherever you go you will create unfortunate accidents and blame others.
Then their are qualities other than that of true self. One is that of the desire for harmony and goodness. That innate quality leads you to action. Thus we have various innate qualities which work together and Aikido can be a vehicle of practicing and expressing such.
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The Old Schoolhouse Magazine's office is located right in the heart of the California Gold Country. The gold discovery site, Sutter's Fort, local mines, and museums have made this an avid interest for our family.
Robynne Eagan's 32 page unit, Gold Rush, is filled with activities, background information, and discussion questions. Written for grades 1-4, it is an excellent source for facts and creative, hands-on learning. Beginning with basic information about gold and its value in ancient cultures, the unit continues with two gold rushes - California and the Yukon. This is a little booklet packed with information and one that makes gold rush history come alive. As Robynne says in her introduction, "Pull on your boots, grab your gold pan and wade into a world of discovery!" What are you waiting for?
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Terry may seem unusual, but throughout the 20th century, child preachers have developed a strong following. Historian Ted Lavigne has spent years collecting information about children who preach the gospel
-- kids such as Richard Headrick, who began preaching on the radio at just 5 years old in 1922. As a teenager, he toured the country with his parents, performing in a tent. The evangelist went on to join the U.S. Air Force but eventually left the military to become a minister. He passed away in 2001.
(Courtesy TJ Lavigne/Child Preacher Network )
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logging in or signing up World War II Nathaniel Download Post to : URL : Related Presentations : Share Add to Flag Embed Email Send to Blogs and Networks Add to Channel Uploaded from authorPOINTLite Insert YouTube videos in PowerPont slides with aS Desktop Copy embed code: Embed: Flash iPad Copy Does not support media & animations WordPress Embed Customize Embed URL: Copy Thumbnail: Copy The presentation is successfully added In Your Favorites. Views: 6125 Category: Entertainment License: All Rights Reserved Like it (4) Dislike it (0) Added: October 23, 2007 This Presentation is Public Favorites: 9 Presentation Description No description available. Comments Posting comment... By: cristineborres (4 month(s) ago) nice! can u please send it to my ym? firstname.lastname@example.org.. thanx much Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: Divyam. (17 month(s) ago) plzzzzzz allow us to download :)) its tooooo much important for us for our career :/ Saving..... 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See all Premium member Presentation Transcript World War II : World War II 1938-1945Foreign Policy In Place : Foreign Policy In Place U.S. – Neutral – Not interested in another European War Kellog-Briand Pact 1928 – No force for aggression Treaty of Versailles (Not holding Up) Japan Invades Manchuria violating Open Door Policy & Kellog-Briand Under Hoover – Stimpson Doctrine U.S. refuses to recognize Japanese ill-gotten gains in territory FDR’s Foreign Policy: Latin America: FDR’s Foreign Policy: Latin AmericaFDR’s Foreign Policy:: FDR’s Foreign Policy: FDR grants U.S. recognition of Soviet Union in 1933 – “Good for Business” & hopes it will keep Japanese expansion in check. FDR is given power to lower tariffs by up to 50% to other nations that “reciprocate” Philippines – Tydings-McDuff Act pledges Filipino independence by 1946 Nye Investigation into WWI causes : Nye Investigation into WWI causes Led by Sen. Gerald Nye of North Dakota U.S. involvement was due to conspiracy by war & banking to drag us into war for profiteering. Mandatory Arms Embargo would prevent it from happening again Prompts Congress to pass “Neutrality Act 1935” forbid sale of arms to nations at war. When Italy invaded Ethiopia & Spain’s civil war, the embargos only aided the aggressorNeutrality Act 1937: Neutrality Act 1937 Continued Embargo on Arms & Loans Sold goods to nation on “Cash & Carry” basis. Allowed U.S. to stay out of foreign wars yet still profit from them.The Rise of Dictators: The Rise of Dictators And the Causes of World War II.Failure of the Treaty of Versailles:: Failure of the Treaty of Versailles: Germany was left without an army or navy to defend itself. Nations slipped into serious depressions (especially Germany due to the war reparations). Territories were divided and new nations were created without consideration of the people. Germans were resentful for losing the war, war guilt clauseFour Faces of Aggression:: Four Faces of Aggression:FASCIST ITALY:MUSSOLINI: FASCIST ITALY: MUSSOLINI Extreme nationalism Militaristic expansion to restore Roman Empire Charismatic leader Belief in private property with strong government control Anti-communist Installed in 1922NAZI GERMANY:HITLER: NAZI GERMANY: HITLER Extreme nationalism and racism Militaristic expansion Charismatic leader/ played on fears and pride Belief in private property with strong government control Anti-communist! Gained power in 1933JAPAN: TOJO AND HIROHITO: JAPAN: TOJO AND HIROHITO Tojo became militaristic Prime Minister for Emperor Hirohito Militarism, Nationalism and Racism Sought Asian empire for imperialist efforts Prime Minister Hideki Tojo (above) and Emperor Hirohito (below)COMMUNIST SOVIET UNION:STALIN: COMMUNIST SOVIET UNION: STALIN Worldwide spread of Communism Revolution by workers of the world Government owns property Eventual rule by working class Distrust of democracy and westCommon Themes Totalitarianism:: Common Themes Totalitarianism: Hold power by force and fear Pass laws to forbid political competition Appeal to people’s prejudices All suffering from hard economic timesEarly Aggressions:: Early Aggressions: 1931: Japan takes Manchuria 1935: Mussolini invades Ethiopia 1935: Hitler begins to rebuild army 1936: Germany occupies Rhineland 1937: Japan invades China 1938: Germany annexes Austria and is given Czechoslovakia (Munich Pact) 1939: Germany invades Poland to begin World War IIHolocaust: HolocaustHolocaust: Holocaust Genocide: the systematic and purposeful destruction of a racial, political, religious, or cultural group. Victims: Jews, Poles, Slavs, Gypsies, Undesirables (homosexuals, mentally ill, political dissidents, handicap) Hitler’s Final Solution – extermination of all Jews. Nuremburg Trials – After the war emphasized individual responsibility for actions regardless of orders. Trials led to increased demand for Jewish homeland. 11 million were killed 6 million were JewsIsolationism: IsolationismAttempts at Neutrality as militarism sweeps Europe:: Attempts at Neutrality as militarism sweeps Europe: Congress passed Neutrality Acts in 1935, ’36 &’37 “America First” was the catch-phrase of isolationism!Slide26: “The Appeaser”: makes reference to Munich PactThe War Begins!: The War Begins! WW II began with Hitler’s invasion of Poland in 1939. Soviet Union invaded Poland from the east. Hitler’s and Stalin’s Non-Aggression Pact kept them from fighting each other. France and Britain enter to defend Poland “The Appeaser”: makes reference to Munich PactAmerica still debated isolationism:: America still debated isolationism:U.S. Stayed Neutral during Blitzkrieg: U.S. Stayed Neutral during Blitzkrieg Germany defeated Poland in 6 weeks. Germany then attacked France, which fell within a week. (June, 1940) Germany pounded Britain by air, which was called the “Battle of Britain”-- Britain held on… (1940-1941) In mid-1941, Hitler invaded the Soviet Union.What is Blitzkrieg?: What is Blitzkrieg? Germany’s Takeover of Europe!Slide32: Updated 2007America increased involvement:: America increased involvement: “Cash and Carry Plan” was replaced by the Lend-Lease Act It gave Britain war supplies and old navy ships in return for Caribbean navy bases. *FDR compared it to lending a neighbor a garden hose if his house was on fireFDR moves U.S. to war : FDR moves U.S. to war Selective Service Act (1940) – Drafting of 1.2 million troops for compulsory service Four Freedoms – (1/6/41) FDR addresses Congress that U.S. should aid Britain – U.S. should stand behind nations committed to freedom. Atlantic Charter – signed with Britain’s Churchill agreeing that the principles of war would be peace with self-determination for all, no territorial expansion and guarantee free trade.U.S. Response to Japan: U.S. Response to Japan U.S. takes economic action against Japan following alliance with Axis Powers & invasion of China & Indochina: FDR cuts of oil & gas sales & scrap metal sales to Japan Freezes Japanese assets in U.S. Negotiations between Japan & U.S. – neither side budged U.S.: delay long enough to become stronger Japan: Strike now before oil supply runs out.Pearl Harbor - Dec. 7, 1941: Pearl Harbor - Dec. 7, 1941 2,400 Americans killed when Japanese war planes bomb Pacific Fleet to take out battleships and carriers 20 Warships sunk & 150 planes destroyed Japan also struck American bases in Pacific FDR asks Congress for declaration of war - “Day of Infamy” - the next day Germany & Italy declared war on U.S.U.S. counter attack TokyoApril 1942 –Doolittle’s Raiders: U.S. counter attack Tokyo April 1942 –Doolittle’s Raiders American Home Front: American Home Front America’s goal: Defeat Hitler First! U.S. fights a two front war War in European Theater & Pacific Theater of operations Key Allies: U.S., Britain & Soviet Union American Home Front: Industry: American Home Front: Industry 1942 – War Production Board (WPB) – manages war industry Office of War Mobilization Govt. used a cost-plus system (plus = small profit) Business was good for war industries: Auto industry made bombers and tanks. Ships were produced in 14 days. By 1944 unemployment disappeared. U.S. Output was twice that of the Axis powersHome Front: Home Front Wages, Pricing & Rationing Prices, wages and rents were frozen Rationing: Sugar, Meat, Gasoline, Tires Income Tax increased & most paid Taxes were automatically withheld from paychecks War Bonds ($135 billion)Home Front Society: Home Front Society Mexican Americans: Mexican Americans 300,000 Mexican Americans served in white units during the war More worked in War Industry 1942 deal with Mexico allowed farm workers to cross the boarder during harvest season (braceros) Caused white resentment (Zoot Suit Riots in Los Angeles summer of 1943Native Americans: Native Americans 25,000 served in military Navajo Indian language used as a code against Japanese (spoken-not written) Thousands Native Americans worked in war industry More than half never returned to reservationsAfrican Americans : African Americans One Million served in segregated units Tuskegee Airmen – first black flying unit African Americans served in support roles Faced discrimination 1.5 million left South to find work out West NAACP membership increased Smith v. Allwright (1944) SCOTUS ruled unconstitutional to deny blacks party membership to exclude them from primariesJapanese Americans: Japanese Americans Guilt by association racism against Japanese Americans 20,000 served in U.S. military (Nesei Regiments) 100,000 Japanese Americans were suspected of being potential spies. Rounded up and put in Internment Camps. (Fear & Racism) Korematsu v. U.S. in 1944 SCOTUS upholds internment during war. U.S. apologizes & pays compensation in 1988 to those (still living) who were victimized.Axis Strategy: Axis Strategy Defeat Russia quickly, gain control of Soviet oil fields, force Britain out of war through air bombing & sub warfare. Japan hoped by invading Asia & taking U.S. Pacific fleet out of the war, America would then accept Japanese predominance in Southeast Asia and Pacific rather than conduct a bloody, costly war to reverse Japanese gains.Allied Strategy: Allied Strategy Pacific – Island Hopping Campaign, seizing islands closer & closer to Japan to use as bases for air attack & cut off Japanese supply lines Europe: Defeat Hitler First! Strategy – most American resources target Europe. Bomb German war infrastructure & build up invasion force to liberate Europe. Battles - Europe: Battles - Europe North Africa Italy – Allies drive out Germans from North Africa to use as base for invasion & liberation of Italy. Battle of El-Alamein – defeat for Hitler in N. Africa prevented Axis from gaining oil supplies in Middle East Stalingrad – Germans surrender to Soviets after long siege. ( Normandy (D-Day) June 6, 1944 Battle of the Bulge – December 1944 Fall of Berlin – Hitler commits suicide (April 30, 1945) VE Day (May 7, 1945) Slide60: World War II in Europe and Africa Updated 2/26/07Battles - Pacific: Battles - Pacific Japanese troops occupied Korea, E. China, Philippines, Burma & Malaysia, French Indochina, Indonesia & Pacific Islands west of Midway. Naval battles: Battle of Coral Sea (May 1942) & Battle of Midway (June, 1942) were turning points in the war. U.S. was able to destroy most of Japanese fleet & planes Adm. Chester Nimitz bypassed Japanese strongholds & isolated them. Gen. Douglas MacArthur liberated Philippines. Iwo Jima & Okinawa – cost thousands of American lives, brought U.S. closer to Japan.Slide62: World War II in the Pacific Updated 2/26/07Hiroshima & Nagassaki: Hiroshima & Nagassaki Atomic bombs were dropped on Hiroshima (August 6, 1945) & Nagassaki (August 9, 1945) 250,000 Japanese citizens were killed Japan surrenders one week later V-J Day (September 2, 1945) when surrender is signed on battleship Missouri in Tokyo harbor. The Enola Gay: The Enola Gay B-17 over Europe: B-17 over Europe Effects of Atomic Bomb: Effects of Atomic Bomb Wartime Conferences: Wartime Conferences The “Big Three” Roosevelt, Churchill, Stalin meet three times during the war to plan strategy for war & peace. Casablanca – Churchill & Roosevelt (Jan. 1943) Agree to invade Sicily & demand unconditional surrender of Axis. Tehran – Big Three in Iran (Nov.1943) Agree British & American invasion of Europe in Spring 1944. Soviets would invade Germany & enter Pacific war. Yalta – would decide the peaceYalta Conference: Yalta Conference (Feb. 1945) Big Three decide: Germany to be divided into occupation zones Free elections in liberated areas of Eastern Europe (Soviet controlled zone) Soviets would enter war against Japan (8/8/45) before Japan surrendered. Soviet would control southern half of Sakhalin island and Kurile Is. & special concession in Manchuria U.N. would be formed FDR Dies April 12, 1945: FDR Dies April 12, 1945 Vice President Harry Truman becomes president Decides to use the bomb against Japan Ultimatum for unconditional surrender of Japan Holds war crime trials of Nazi leaders Potsdam Conference The Geneva Convention andthe Treatment of Prisoners:: The Geneva Convention and the Treatment of Prisoners: VUS.10d Key Understanding:: Key Understanding: The conduct of war often reflects social and moral codes of a nation. The treatment of prisoners of war often reflects the savage nature of conflict and the cultural norms of the nations.Geneva Convention:: Geneva Convention: This was a meeting by major powers Attempt to ensure the humane treatment of prisoners of war by establishing rules to be followed by all nations. In 1929 the Geneva Convention Relative to the Treatment of Prisoners of War was signed by 47 governments.Prisoners in the Pacific:: Prisoners in the Pacific: The Bataan Death March; American POW’s suffered brutal treatment by Japanese after the surrender of the Philippines. Japanese soldiers often committed suicide rather than surrender. Nearly 70,000 American and Filipino soldiers were forced to surrender to the Japanese at Bataan in 1942. These troops were then marched through intense heat to a camp over 60 miles away. Somewhere between 5,000 and 11,000 soldiers died due to the lack of food and water.Comparing the Fronts:: Comparing the Fronts: Treatment of prisoners in the Pacific Theater often reflected the savagery of the fighting there. The treatment of the prisoners in Europe more closely followed the ideas of the Geneva ConventionEffects on U.S.: Effects on U.S. U.S. economy booms (ends Depression) U.S. superpower 300,000 American deaths 800K wounded Cost: $320 billion (10x greater than WWI) National Debt $250 billion You do not have the permission to view this presentation. In order to view it, please contact the author of the presentation.
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Volume 10 - Article 9 | Pages 231-264
On the tempo and quantum of first marriages in Austria, Germany, and Switzerland: Changes in mean age and variance
|Date received:||02 Dec 2003|
|Date published:||18 May 2004|
|Keywords:||age-period interactions, Austria, first marriages, Germany, marriage, mean age and variance changes, tempo and quantum effects|
Period marriage rates have been falling dramatically in most industrial societies since the beginning of the 1970s. As has been shown in the literature, part of this decline is due to the postponement of marriage to later ages. However, the change in variance has been ignored so far.
In the case of Austria, Germany, and Switzerland, this paper explores how much of the change in female first marriage rates can be attributed to tempo effects caused by changes in the mean age and variance, and how much of it is due to quantum effects, i.e., the proportion of women who ever marry from 1970 to 2000. In all three countries we find a significant share of the decline in first marriage rates due to tempo distortions, though on different levels.
Maria Winkler-Dworak - Austrian Academy of Sciences, Austria
Henriette Engelhardt - Otto-Friedrich-Universität Bamberg, Germany
Other articles by the same author/authors in Demographic Research
Most recent similar articles in Demographic Research
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This weekend before we hiked out of camp, our chaplains aid delivered a real nice Scouts Own service. His message to the Troop was to develop good habits. He challenged the Troop to stay away from bad habits, especially when camping. Our chaplains aid really nailed it and in not so many words called out some of the guys for the habits they were forming.
His message got me to thinking about habits and how they are formed in our Scouts.. what it boiled down to for me in the context of camping, citizenship, fitness, and service… was being prepared.
But the onus is not all on the Scout. What about the teacher.. the Scout leader.
This got me to thinking about the habits we are forming (teaching) in our Scouts and how we as Scout leaders bare a big part of the burden when it comes to the success of our Scouts.
Friday night we stayed at the Boy Scout winter lodge. It is a great time, the Scouts have their own private tubbing hill that is lit at night, a neat common area, and a bunk house. The lodge holds 6 Troops comfortably, but smaller Troops often double up with troops that have bunk space.
Our troop uses the lodge as a jumping off point. We take advantage of the great facilities, allow the Scouts to have a good time inner-tubbing, then they can dry their clothing in the dryers and get ready to camp the rest of the weekend out in the snow in a near by wilderness area.
During our recent stay, a Troop that is chartered by a certain church group shared space with us. They were a small unit and we had enough spare bunks to share.
Now it is no secret to those of you that follow this blog that my Troop is a backpacking troop, we are pretty well self sufficient and do not require a whole lot of space, gear, trailers, and the like. So when it comes to staying in the lodge, our plans change very little, the patrols still cook in 2 or three Scout teams, they use their backpacking stoves, bring their own food and ways to collect and carry water, and can clean up after themselves.
The other Scoutmaster introduced himself and we chatted about sharing the Troop bay. I informed him that we would not be needing the refrigerator, the stove and oven, and that we would be leaving in the morning. He thanked me as his Assistant Scoutmaster rolled in a very large cooler and bags of groceries.
Throughout that evening, Scouts from this other Troop kept coming to me and other adult leaders of my Troop for “things”.. “Hey Mister, where are the forks?… Hey Mister, where are the pans,? My Scoutmaster needs them to cook dinner for us.”
As we sat around the table, the leaders of the other Troop joined in our conversation about some high adventure opportunities. They asked why would be taking these “boys” out into the snow to camp? I listed many reasons, the least of which was that we are a Boy Scout Troop and we are always looking for new and exciting adventures. He mentioned that his boys could never do such a thing.. they just are not ready for it. I asked him, “well, what are you doing to prepare them?” ”It’s just out of the question” he replied, they don’t need that kind of thing.”
Well, that pretty much summed up his philosophy on Scouting. ”They don’t need that kind of thing”?
That’s like saying they don’t need the Scout Oath and Law, they don’t need an outdoor program, they don’t need uniforms, they don’t need advancement.
Now I am not saying that every Troop need be a backpacking Troop, but what are we teaching our young men when we don’t even give them a shot.
When we cook and clean for them, when we adults run their PLC and stifle the planning process. When we take away the boy led elements of Scouting and finally when we take away “BE PREPARED”.
Prepared for what you may be asking. Well like BP said, “FOR ANYTHING”.
Scouting prepares these young men for life.
Last night, my Troop conducted their after camp out review or “Start, Stop, and Continue”. After they went through this at the Patrol level, I spoke to them about some of the things that I saw over the weekend. Let me first say that I am proud of each and every one of the Scouts in the Troop, they did a great job this weekend and all of them came out of the weekend learning something.
The one thing that I did challenge them all to do was to push themselves more. They all have the abilities and know how, but sometimes they are afraid of stepping out of their comfort zones and accept new challenges or adventures. How does this help in “Being Prepared”? Well, I think that causes them to become critical thinkers. When you step out of that which is comfortable, you need to be ready for what is on the other side. Becoming a critical thinker and really looking at what you are about to do prepares them for the adventure which starts to translate in their everyday life.
Now what has this have to do with the Troop that shared space with us?
It seems to me that they are taking away opportunities for the boys in the Troop.. and that rubs me a little.
Being Prepared is not just words, it becomes a habit, it becomes part of the routines of our Scouts, it translates into their lives and that prepares them to be good men.
Have a Great Scouting Day!
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Yesterday I clicked on a link in one of Howard Rheingold’s (@hrheingold) tweets to his latest video in which he explains about the importance of literacy in determining the quality and credibility of information on the internet mainly accessed via searches.
He draws on some footage from a presentations he has given (which was standing room only) to illuminate some of his points. He makes an interesting distinction between skills, which are an individual attribute, and literacy, which Howard describes as skills + community as it rests in the realms of social so you can participate im the community of literates.
He presents five important literacies as:
- Critical consumption
- Network awareness
All of these literacies need to co-exist.
Howard makes an interesting point about child safety, comparing concerns about online safety with the higher threats that exist offline. I think this ties in to my recent post about OnGuard Online which really centres on talking to your children holistically about online and offline activity, and your own values. Howard emphasises the important of equipping our children with the ability to think critically, and this reduces any risk in their online activity. This ability is paramount to children being able to assess more generally the quality and accuracy of the information they encounter online, and giving them the tools to filter good information from bad, as we’ve shifted from a world of critically edited material pre-publishing to one where it is the responsibility of the consumer to critically evaluate.
There are two important questions we should continually be asking:
- How do I ask/phrase the question; how do I ask that search engine?
- How do I know what I’ve found is accurate?
Howard goes on to explain about personal ‘trust’ networks, an extension of the personal learning network in which there is a trust value added. And again this is an extension of the real life scenario, where you trust your doctor more the your mate Trev down the pub to give you health advice, but Trev knows a whole lot more about football, though his financial advice is a little dodgy too.
There’s a whole lot more in this video than I could hope to describe, so I suggest just watching it for yourself.
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To the current winter and more cooling north around also went into the winter heating period, as well as by factors of electricity shortage across the country expanding the tight supply of coal to rise further.
Coal into the boiler through multiple links, the first coal calorific value, moisture content, sulfur content, the ratio of to meet the needs of the boiler combustion. With a good coal to be put into the equipment sent to the coal conveyor belt, the crusher, roller screen feed inlet suction iron crushing, screening, to miscellaneous, handling good coal boiler coal delivered by the belt positions. Once the coal is rain and snow wet, it is easy to form lumps, after broken machines and other equipment prone to clogging, extending the time of the last coal.
Increase due to the large workload of coal humidity, moisture ask for much, hammer crusher for coal in the coal moisture content up to 15% of the normal operating environment, and the crusher does not grate screen, so no plug the sieve material is too wet, but there is no powder can not be discharged in time repeat crushed broken coal, which can speed up and improve on the efficiency of coal.
Hammer crusher in the coal crushing, high efficiency, uniform size, production capacity, mine coal, a high-yield, high efficiency, high-security crushing equipment. Can ease the winter coal usage, and allow people to live a enjoy the mild winter of life.
Coal plant with crusher broken
Processing of coal, some of the machinery required by particle size, such as now jig maximum granularity of the largest size) is 50mm. In order to adapt to the requirements of the various mechanical particle size to achieve better results than the granularity of the mechanical provisions _ the upper limit of coal to be crushed or ground. Crushing the coal preparation plant an essential production processes.
The crushing of the material is broken to achieve. Breaking force, crushing the material mode of action known as the crushing method. The crushing method can be divided into mechanical energy fragmentation methods and non-mechanical crushing method. Able to mechanical crushing method squeeze crushing, splitting broken broken broken, grinding, crushing and impact crushing five basic ways.
The mineral industry has been played an important part in the development of civilizations throughout the world history, underpinning the…
Has the advantage of cheap matching, unobstructed discharge all line, reliable operating, convenient operation, high potency and saving energy. particularly…
Barite is an important mineral raw materials, as a mineral resource, without barite processed purification often can not get a…
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April 12th, 2007
Andy Budd wrote an article a few days ago looking at what we can learn from a well-crafted airport user experience (flight delays aside). Andy also describes how London’s Gatwick Airport employs several people who constantly perform research and contextual inquiry on passenger navigation of the entire facility. When companies fully understand users and anticipate their needs, designers can create a delightful and meaningful experience every time. I find that the airport analogy reinforces these tried and true ideas, and will stick with me for some time.
If airports were built like most modern websites, finding your way around would be a nightmare. In order to extract the most money from visitors, the airport would be littered with signs for shops and restaurants. These would take priority over less revenue generating signs for gates or toilets, which would be placed wherever there was space. The marketing department would insist on huge banners advertising their latest offers, and the maintenance men would hang them wherever it was easiest to reach, often covering up existing signage.
The problem is, this type of thinking is very short sighted. Travellers would start missing connections or get frustrated that they couldn’t find the bathroom after a long flight. People would start spending less time at the airports, or if the option was available. switch airports altogether. So by trying to increase revenue in the short term, you end up frustrating your users and potentially damaging future profitability.
Thankfully airports take a much more user-centerd approach in their design…
You can read Andy’s full article here: Airport User Experience
You can find out more about contextual inquiry and customer-centered design by reading Christine Perfetti’s Driving Innovation and Creativity through Customer Data.Tweet
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Over the past few days we have been seeing lots of penguins! There are four main types of penguins along the Western Antarctic Peninsula, where we have been sampling: Gentoo, Chinstrap, and Adelie.
Gentoo penguins (Pygiscekus papua) can easily be spotted by their slim orange-red beak. Another distinctive feature is a patch of white feathers behind the eye.
|Here are some Gentoos we saw on last years cruise. They are “porpoising “ – they leap out of the water as they swim, much like porpoises, which allows them to breathe while swimming. Photo by K. Wurtzell|
|An Adelie penguin on a small iceberg during last year's cruise. Photo by J. Warren.|
|Some Chinstrap Penguins swimming near the ship. I think they were just as curious of us as we were of them!|
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(NaturalNews) Who knew the Pentagon had muscled into the US vaccine program?
DARPA (Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency) has been doing research on vaccine production. They've found a way to produce flu vaccines a lot faster than Big Pharma.http://www.defense.gov/news/newsarticle.aspx?id=61520http://rt.com/usa/news/future-vaccine-darpa-research-255/
Utilizing vaccines grown on tobacco cells, instead of the traditional chicken eggs, DARPA has turned out a staggering 10 million doses of flu vaccine in just one month.
This "Blue Angel" project, as it's called, suddenly puts the Pentagon in the forefront of the vaccine business. The big question is: why is the Army involved in vaccines at all? And the answer is no surprise. According to DARPA, it's all about readiness in containing bio-threats. Translated, that means terrorist attacks that could use flu viruses.
This is a sinister development. It creates a potential scenario in which the military can invent the "bio-threat" and then step in and provide the solution. It doesn't really matter whether the bio-threat is real or imaginary.
The threat would offer the chance to initiate a martial-law scenario, after which the military vaccine would be made mandatory, destroying the right of each state in the union to permit, as is now the case, people to opt out of vaccination on religious, medical, or ethical grounds.
is famous for developing weapons and then lobbying for battlefield opportunities to use them. This is part and parcel of their "war is forever" mentality. Well, in this case, the vaccine becomes the defensive weapon, and you can be sure the Pentagon will strive to deploy it in a situation that "demands it"---a chilling prospect.
Several medical issues arise as well. First, what safety tests have been done to ensure that tobacco viruses don't enter these DARPA vaccines through lab contamination, thereby finding their way into the human bloodstream, via injection, and causing uncharted health
problems? No word about that, just as there was no word, historically, about various Pentagon weapons systems that later proved to be dangerous to the soldiers using them (e.g, the Bradley Fighting Vehicle).
Hidden in the story about the new means of vaccine
production: the employment of a synthetic construction that is supposed to mimic the human immune system. To test the ability of the tobacco-vaccines to induce a "robust immune response," this new chemical lab-version of an immune system becomes the guinea pig. But there is no proof that such an artifact works or is translatable to actual processes of the human body.
Finally, DARPA states that the vaccine it just produced contains aluminum. Toxicity for humans is thus guaranteed.
In the hands of the Pentagon, what could possibly go wrong with this Blue Angel program? Everything.
In case we need to review the most recent "epidemic" advertised by the CDC and the World Health Organization (WHO), it killed, by the most generous estimates, 20,000 people worldwide. Despite being labeled a catastrophic level-6 pandemic, the H1N1 Swine Flu turned out to be a comparative dud. WHO states that, every year, seasonal non-pandemic flu kills between 250,000 and 500,000 people.
The CDC and WHO relentlessly promoted Swine Flu as a monster menace that could invade and decimate the planet. Therefore, everyone needed to step up and take the vaccine. These civilian agencies are mere pikers compared to the Pentagon. Can you imagine what the Dept. of Defense would promote and launch to guarantee their vaccine finds a place in your bloodstream? The DOD regularly makes conflict of interest into an art form.
Martial law? No problem.
The author of an explosive collection, THE MATRIX REVEALED, Jon was a candidate for a US Congressional seat in the 29th District of California. Nominated for a Pulitzer Prize, he has worked as an investigative reporter for 30 years, writing articles on politics, medicine, and health for CBS Healthwatch, LA Weekly, Spin Magazine, Stern, and other newspapers and magazines in the US and Europe. Jon has delivered lectures and seminars on global politics, health, logic, and creative power to audiences around the world.www.nomorefakenews.comAbout the author:
The author of an explosive new collection, THE MATRIX REVEALED, Jon
was a candidate for a US Congressional seat in the 29th District of
California. Nominated for a Pulitzer Prize, he has worked as an
investigative reporter for 30 years, writing articles on politics,
medicine, and health for CBS Healthwatch, LA Weekly, Spin Magazine,
Stern, and other newspapers and magazines in the US and Europe. Jon
has delivered lectures and seminars on global politics, health, logic,
and creative power to audiences around the world.www.nomorefakenews.com
Have comments on this article? Post them here:
people have commented on this article.
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If you find yourself routinely putting off tasks, some of which you would really like to accomplish but for whatever reason seem to never "be in the mood" to do them, you are not alone. With nearly 15-20 percent of the population reporting regular procrastination in everything from diet and exercise lifestyle changes and financial tasks like paying bills and filing taxes, to simple tasks like doing the dishes and cleaning, it can seem sometimes feel as though the fast pace of modern life renders a to-do list more like a wish list.
But there’s more to procrastination than simply having many tasks to complete. In fact, procrastination has to do more with personal inefficiency caused by lack of self-control, potential feelings of inadequacy and a relatively impulsive disposition rather than an overflowing task list. Fortunately, by getting an understanding of what procrastination is and its causes, and then employing a few simple strategies based on your personal procrastination style, you’ll be able to help yourself get done today what should have gotten done yesterday. (Or maybe two months ago…)
Are You a Procrastinator?
Nearly everyone will admit to procrastinating at least once, but a procrastinator is one with a chronic habit of putting off different goals and tasks to his or her disadvantage, no matter whether the task is one that can help further health or career, or is a simple, but necessary task not usually enjoyed such as cleaning or paying bills. Choosing one behavioral choice or task over another with the full knowledge that the avoided task is more in your self interest to complete than to avoid defines a procrastinator.
To others who do not put off tasks in these situations, procrastination may seem illogical—why would anyone want to self-sabotage efforts that would benefit his or her life? But to a classic procrastinator, the moment even the most desired goal becomes too overwhelming in the "now," somehow the ends never seem enticing enough to justify the means to get there, and so it is put off for a later date; sometimes specific ("I’ll start the beginning of next week or next month") and sometimes vague ("I’ll think about it later when the stress of my current life situation passes").
Why Do People Procrastinate?
Procrastination occurs most often because how a person thinks and feels today is much more important than that person’s perception of tomorrow. Delaying the "start date" to a later time reduces the immediate stress that a procrastinator feels, and that brings a temporary sense of relief and enjoyment. If you are a procrastinator, perhaps you’ve even heard yourself say statements like, "I just don’t feel motivated today; I don’t know why." Then a task whose benefits far outweigh avoiding it is postponed until a later date when you expect that you will "feel more like doing it."
Extraverted (relatively to extremely outgoing, likes to process information by talking aloud or "hearing oneself think"), impulsive (likes the thrill of variety and new ideas, events or occurrences) and anxious (worrisome) personality types are more likely to procrastinate than others. And even though there are similar traits found among procrastinators, each person has a unique balance of traits that point to his or her own personal motivation. This year, top procrastination researcher Piers Steel published a formula that included the following traits that are common to all procrastinators in different amounts:
- Expectancy—what do you think you will get out of completing the task?
- Value—how much you value the end goal versus your present situation?
- Sensitivity to delay—how impulsive and easily distracted are you?
- Delay—how long will you delay a task?
Why Procrastination is Bad for Your Health
To a chronic procrastinator, delaying responsibilities or desires to improve one’s life can be detrimental, especially when it affects achieving the kind of goals tied to personal dreams and visions. Repeated attempts at beginning or following through on something desired that end in "failure" (i.e., not achieving the end goal) can have a serious impact on feelings of efficacy (i.e., the feeling that you can successfully achieve a specific task that you set out to do), as well as self-worth; over time you may see yourself as lazy or as having a lazy nature, and this cycle may condition a person to procrastinate more because of lowered expectations about a positive outcome the next time he or she is faced with a similar task.
Surely, one of the worst feelings associated with procrastination is the self-defeating thought that goals perhaps weren’t "meant to be" because "’If I really wanted the end result, I would go make it happen." But it takes more than want and good intentions to make something happen—it takes an understanding of the self. While feeling fully relieved in the short term by delaying a task, the emotional effect of procrastination is that you will most likely feel bad about yourself and your abilities in the long term.
So What Can Be Done? Whether you are a master procrastinator in many areas of your life or if you only have one or two tasks on which you’d like to improve in terms of efficiency and completion, the process is the same: Figure out which type of motivations are driving you and then follow the suggestions below.
For those who may be more anxious… …The right self-talk can be helpful. The more uncertain the outcome is for completing a goal, the higher payoff by procrastinating. You can be your own best coach through any self-doubts that come up about how well you can complete the task. Remind yourself that you should always operate in your best interest, despite what negative self-talk might happen in the moment of being faced with a task, and that procrastination is the very opposite of acting in your best self-interest; it is self-sabotage. Push through any immediate and irrational emotions and focus on the task at hand. Tell yourself that while you’re completing the task, you have to focus on the task itself, but that you can worry all you want about the outcome after you finish it. By the time you do complete the task (or next stage of the task, if you are breaking a larger task into several smaller steps first), you may be surprised to find that you are, in fact, less anxious than you were before beginning, and this will help you the next time you are faced with a similar task (or the next stage of the task).
…Know that the harshest evaluations are often our own. No one likes to be criticized for not doing a good job, and the notion of failure is unnerving. However, keep in mind that we are often our own worst self-critics, and while not everybody has to like your work, if you work hard and get things accomplished despite your own internal doubts, there will be many that do. The key is for you to like you. If it helps, list out all of your accomplishments and look to that list to motivate you to fill it with other great things. Also keep in mind that procrastination is a way to avoid anxiety, and ironically this may lead to more anxiety, depression, and even more procrastination. Break the cycle. Temporary discomfort is just that—temporary.
…Know that even if you fail in a task, you are not a failure as a person. Everybody has an off day, a challenging week, a bad date (or series of dates)—this does not make you a failure as a person. Just look at professional athletes. Each is under tremendous stress to perform, and a lot of money is at stake. Even with a "bad season," a star athlete can rise like a phoenix from the ashes, and so can you. Do the best you can with you can. Be honest about yourself and your areas of improvement and work to make yourself the best version of you, and happiness will follow. Also during challenging moments, it may feel as if you’re the only one on this planet who feels as awful, or is as awful at something as you are, but it’s not true. There is someone, somewhere who is or who has gone through exactly what you are going through right now—you are not alone.
For those who are impulsive or easily distracted…
…Break down your larger goal into measurable steps, and give yourself deadlines. Do you ever feel "bored," despite having an array of tasks you could get done that would benefit you? If so, you may have a lot of impulsive energy and impatience that causes you to seek variety in stimulus input. While the initial idea of a project or task is exciting, soon that rush passes and the project seems to have lost its appeal, no matter how good an idea or plan it really is. Over time, it is abandoned to "later" status and soon the next great idea comes along and you’re off and running again—at least for a while until the next big "ah-ha!" moment follows with yet a new task to complete or dream to follow. Universal statements may make you feel better when you declare your commitment to set out after something, but when it comes time to put them into action, they seem to lose their steam, making it just so much easier to put it off and retreat into procrastination. A great way to combat this is to fully break it down your goal into the exact steps it would take to achieve the goal; the more specific, the better. Then like an effective business plan, assign a reasonable timetable, promising yourself that even if you don’t feel like it, you will complete that smaller step during the time slot you committed to, and keep your calendar in front of you as much as possible. Make these steps as small as is comfortable for you. Each small effort yields tremendous results over time—even if undertaken only for a few minutes at a time. Plus, as you get into a routine of working on the task, it becomes just that, a routine that you barely think about anymore; it is just part of your day.
…Tune out your environment and tune in to your task—and yourself. Some are easily distracted by noise; others by what appears visually in front of them. And still others like to sit relatively far away from other people to have a sense of personal space and privacy. Experiment and find which environment works best for you to be able to focus. Often more impulsive types of personalities only need the right work environment to overcome a good amount of their procrastination. Once fully engulfed in the task at hand, the need to delay it to investigate interruptions falls away. And it’s not just people in your environment that you need to watch or listen for—the very machines designed to make our lives easier have resulted in us spending more time and attention on them—computers, televisions, and phones are now all portable. The key may be to simply make time to ignore them—even an hour or two a day—(or shut them off completely). With so much digital air wave chatter it can be hard to hear ourselves think. With a little bit of "unplugged" time each day that can be spent furthering a goal that you have in your heart, you’ll be surprised what can be achieved in such a small time, not to mention how relaxed you are.
…Schedule in regular breaks. Those with a need for variety may feel sapped when working on a single task for too long. Get up, stretch, get a beverage and take a break—the key here being a short break. Take just enough time away from your task to feel renewed, but not too long as to risk becoming easily distracted by something else that will suddenly end your desire to keep working.
For those whose end goals seem far away or overwhelming… …Break down your larger goal into as many smaller steps as necessary. A goal that is desirable but whose payoff seems too far away to be worth it may signal that you are motivated by the feeling of reward. Since a larger goal only seems to offer a reward once it is completed, and that will take some time, break down your goal into much smaller tasks and build in some rewards for completing the smaller steps that contribute toward achieving the larger goal. Each time you complete a step toward your goal, reward yourself with something enjoyable. That will make even the most tedious of steps feel worth the effort—each step will feel successful.
Over time as your work begins to show progress, you’ll have a renewed sense of excitement about your end goal, and the fact that it is coming more into focus as a reality. When you feel even the faintest desire to abandon the task at hand, remind yourself that even though you may not feel 100% convinced right now, the end goal is worth the effort. Don’t be afraid of a little-to-moderate amount of discomfort—push through it. It makes sense that a person who likes the moment would not want to introduce less-than-enjoyable things, but to not do so is to prevent achieving the very things that your heart desires. Don’t sabotage yourself! What you’re trading for a small amount of discomfort is the realization of your dreams. That’s a pretty big trade-off!
…Know that achieving your goal doesn’t require all-or-nothing involvement to be valuable. Committing to the smallest chunk of time or completion of part of a task is not a cop out. Even fifteen minutes per day toward a goal doesn’t sound like much, but fifteen minutes per day over a week is a little under two hours—and that’s better than zero hours! Plus, when working on a task becomes automatic, it will be less daunting to you as you find that you can do the activity and enjoy it. This is how new, positive habits are developed.
…Know that setting your own deadlines can be as exciting as the real ones. If you are the type who gets a thrill out of meeting deadlines last minute, in addition to breaking larger tasks down in to smaller components, give yourself mini-deadlines along the way to meet, and regard them as you would the big end-of-project deadline. You’ll find that with some practice of breaking down your tasks this way that you will get some enjoyment out of doing a little bit at a time, and it will feel great to know that you are your own motivator, not an externally-imposed deadline.
For those whose tasks are simply not enjoyable…
…Combine the unpleasant task with something you do enjoy. Don’t like cleaning? Put on your favorite music or book on tape while you do. Combining a task that you don’t like very much with one activity that you do can help pass the time and minimize the annoyance or discomfort of having to do the unpleasant task in the first place. Remember that the next time you see someone whistling while they work.
…Procrastinate on your procrastination. If you start an unpleasant task and the familiar thoughts and urges of wanting to put off that behavior or activity arise, acknowledge the feelings and urges that you’re having and then tell yourself, "Okay, but for the next half hour or thirty minutes I’ll continue with the activity and then I can procrastinate all I want." You’ll find that over time your focus may get longer so that by the time you’ve done some work on a task, you may not feel the need to procrastinate as much. You anxiety will be lessened, and you may even feel a little good about yourself because you’ve gotten something accomplished.
Not just a cliche: What you do now creates your "then." While the rewards may be more subtle in the steps between now and then, reaching a reasonable amount of progress on a task will show you how far you’ve come. You’ll feel good about yourself, your skills and your abilities to reach new goals. Small steps toward overcoming procrastination can make a big difference between success and results and further delays and regret. You can accomplish what you set out to do, and although not each task will feel completely pleasant, the end results of your work will never let you down as much as the lack of progress that comes from a lifetime of procrastination.
Do you procrastinate? If so, what has worked for you? Got a few tips of your own? Share your thoughts below!
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Maritime, Land Security a Big Part of TSA Mission, Official Says
By Gerry J. Gilmore
American Forces Press Service
WASHINGTON, Dec. 10, 2002 Although airport security efforts get the headlines, securing the nation's ports, waterways, coastline and land assets is just as important a part of the Transportation Security Administration's mission, a senior TSA official said today.
"While aviation security has captured most of the media and most of the interest, maritime and land is a significant portion of the (U.S.) transportation security system," Steven E. Froehlich of TSA's Office of Maritime and Land Security told a homeland security conference audience here. "In fact, it represents five-sixths of the transportation sector."
Besides being responsible for protecting the nation's ports, waterways and coastline, Froehlich said his office "also handles highways -- which includes trucks and buses -- rail, mass transit and pipelines."
He explained that his office organized into sections for passenger security, cargo security, infrastructure security, and response preparedness.
He then ticked off some statistics to illustrate the scope of his office's areas of responsibility, noting that the United States has:
- 3.9 million miles of public roads.
- 11.2 million trucks and 2.2 million railcars enter the country each year.
- 120,000 miles of major railroads.
- 2.2 million miles of pipelines, which carry combustible materials like crude oil, gasoline and natural gas.
- Public transit systems that account for 9 billion commuter trips each year.
- 25,000 miles of commercial, navigable waters.
- 7,500 foreign-flagged ships that make 51,000 ports of call each year at the nation's 361 ports.
"So, when you think TSA, you don't think just aviation, you don't think just maritime. You've got to think of all of the other (transportation) modes as well," he pointed out.
A challenge for the new Homeland Security Department and TSA will be to "not make one aspect of a mode of transportation security more secure and leave the others more vulnerable," he emphasized.
Applying a risk management approach and realistic threat assessments will help TSA perform its mission, Froehlich remarked. He noted that routine TSA transportation security efforts provide protection while producing a negligible effect on commerce.
"This allows targeted and layered security, which permits accommodation of transportation volume," unless a heightening level of threat is detected, he explained.
If security levels at a port or pipeline increase, "then different (security) standards will kick in," he concluded.
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Less Money Available for Heat Assistance in MN
Minnesota will get less money this year to help low income families heat their homes this winter.
The Minnesota Department of commerce announced Friday the state is slated to receive more than $105 million in federal funding from the Low-Income Home Energy Assistance Program (LIHEAP). It’s part of the Energy Assistance Program (EAP), which helps low-income homeowners and renters pay heating bills through grant money paid directly to utility companies and heating fuel vendors on behalf of customers.
Last year Minnesota had more than $117 million to dole out to households. They served more than 163,000.
“These critical federal dollars are good news and will make a big difference to help Minnesotans who struggle to pay for home heating and make ends meet in the cold winter months ahead. The Minnesota Commerce Department has and will work hard to make sure these funds best help low-income families and individuals in need of energy assistance," said Commissioner Mike Rothman. “No Minnesotan should be without a warm place to call home.”
The average household income of those receiving EAP funds was $16,000. Approximately 85% of the homes included at least one senior, person with a disability, or a child under the age of 18. This year, the average grant per household will be $500.
To see if you qualify, click here.
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April 9, 2012
H.R. 9 would amend the Internal Revenue Code to permit certain small businesses to deduct from their taxable income up to 20 percent of their qualifying domestic business income. The deduction would apply only to the entity’s first taxable year that begins after December 31, 2011, and it could not exceed 50 percent of certain wages that the firm pays or reduce the firm’s taxable income below zero. The staff of the Joint Committee on Taxation (JCT) estimates that enacting H.R. 9 would reduce revenues, thus increasing federal budget deficits by $46 billion over the 2012-2022 period.
H.R. 9 would define qualifying domestic business income as the excess of gross receipts earned from domestic activities over all costs, expenses, or other deductions related to such receipts. A small business would be eligible for the deduction if it engaged in a trade or business and had fewer than 500 full-time equivalent employees in either calendar year 2010 or 2011. If the business was not in existence in those years, then the test would be applied to the firm in 2012.
The Statutory Pay-As-You-Go Act of 2010 establishes budget reporting and enforcement procedures for legislation affecting direct spending and revenues. Enacting H.R. 9 would result in revenue losses in each year from 2012 to 2014. The net change in revenues is shown in the following table.
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Illinois Driver's License
Car Title & Registration
ANL Traffic Safety
As noted before, public transportation around Argonne is limited. If you are staying any length of time, you will need a car for your stay in the Chicago area. Depending on the projected length of your stay, you may wish to buy a new car, buy a used car or rent a car. Car pooling (sharing a ride with another Argonne employee) is also an option for getting back and forth to work.
If you are bringing a car into the country be sure to check with the Illinois Secretary of State to make sure that it meets Illinois and US standards. You may need to contact the car manufacturer to obtain a letter stating that it meets the safety and environmental requirements in Illinois. This letter will then make it easy for you to bring the car into the country. If you buy a car abroad and ship it here intending to sell it later, little if any profit may be made from the sale if your stay here is less than one year. Be careful to check all aspects of the U.S. import taxes. Also most cars purchased outside of the United States will have the speedometer and odometer in kilometers rather than miles which may considerably reduce its resale value. As a rule, buying a new car here will cost you more than $13,000. As a general guideline, the resale value of a car (new or used) after one year is approximately two-thirds of the purchase price.
A used car that is likely to give you reliable service for a year costs about half the price of a new car. If you stay here only a few months, you may find an older car at a much lower price which will be very serviceable for the duration of your stay. Prices vary greatly depending on the year and model of the car, its condition and the number of miles it has been driven. For short periods of a few weeks, rented or leased cars are often a good alternative because their costs cover insurance, taxes, etc.
Considerations for selecting a vehicle include:
- What will the car be used for? What size and style is needed?
- How much are you willing to spend? Cash or financing?
- How much will insurance cost? Insurance rates vary with age of driver, size and style of car.
You can find a lot of information on the internet about the various makes of cars, their features and their reliability. Check out websites such as auto.consumerguide.com, edmunds.com, and
consumerreports.org for ratings on cars and average price in this area. Information on the value of a used car can be found in the Kelly Blue Book on-line at www.kbb.com by entering information on the year, make and mileage of the car. Some of these sites will link you to car dealers which will list cars that are for sale in our area. Make sure to shop around. Check the dealer ads and classified ads for a car that meets your requirements and their general cost.
Keep in mind that car prices, new or used are negotiable. Don't be afraid to bargain for a better price.
Argonne employees list used cars they have for sale in the Classified Ads in Argonne News which is published biweekly and distributed to all employees. You can also access the ads on the Argonne Intranet once you have computer access on site.
Loans are readily available for the purchase of new cars or more expensive used ones. Consult the Argonne Credit Union or your bank. Again, settle these matters before you buy. Time payments arranged by a car dealer are usually competitive with the interest rates offered through the Argonne Credit Union and banks.
Illinois Driver's License
Visitors to this country who possess a valid driver's license from their home country may drive in Illinois for the duration of their visit on their home jurisdiction's driver's license. The time period is not limited so long as the driver's license remains current and valid. We strongly recommend that you obtain an Illinois driver's license if you are staying more than six months, even if you do not require one. A driver's license is the standard form of identification here.
Persons over 18 years of age who can pass the examinations and meet requirements as to physical and mental ability are eligible for an Illinois driver's license. (Persons aged 16 to 18 may obtain a driver's license only after passing an approved driver's education class which is part of the required high school curriculum in the state of Illinois.)
A major hurdle for newcomers to the country in obtaining a driver's license is the Illinois law requiring an applicant for a driver's license have a valid social security number. Dependents of visitors holding visas which do not qualify them to obtain a social security number will have to follow special procedures to obtain a license. For complete information check out the Illinois Secretary of State website and follow the links to Temporary Visitor Driver's License under Departments, Driver Services.
You may apply for a license at any Illinois Department of Motor Vehicles office run by the Illinois Secretary of State. Their website has a listing of office locations, times they are open and services they offer. The two closest to Argonne are located in Lombard and Naperville. The requirements you must complete to receive an Illinois driver's license, depend on which state or country has issued your current driver's permit. You may simply be required to register with Illinois, take a written test or written and road test. Along with the written and road tests, a vision screening will be performed. Prior to these tests you may wish to review the Illinois Rules of the Road to familiarize yourself with the procedure for obtaining a driver's license, traffic safety issues and general information regarding the Illinois traffic laws and ordinances. A copy of Rules of the Road is available on-line, at every Drivers Service Facility, at most libraries and the Newcomers Assistance Office.
The application fee for every license is $10 and a learner's permit is $20. This fee will not be refunded if you fail to qualify for a license. When applying for a license, be sure to have the appropriate documents with you as outlined in Rules of the Road.
The car in which you plan to take the test must have valid license plates and properly working lights, directional signals, and horn. You must not drive it without a valid driver's license. If you do not have a license, or your license has expired, a person 21 years of age or older with a valid driver's license must drive you to the Illinois Department of Motor Vehicles Office.
Do not drive without insurance. After purchasing a car, you must buy car insurance before you drive it. If possible, get your Illinois driver's license before applying for car insurance. It may put you in a "lower risk" category and save money.
- Automobile insurance encompasses three main types of coverage: liability insurance to cover damage done to others and their property,
- comprehensive insurance to reimburse you for damage to your car by fire, theft, etc., and
- collision insurance to reimburse you for all damage done to your own car.
Liability insurance has been required in the State of Illinois since January 1, 1990. It is recommended that every car owner get such insurance at the highest maximum limits available in the state. ($100,000 per person, $300,000 per accident is the minimum recommended.) Awards to plaintiffs in case of an accident tend to be guided by these limits. Proof of coverage may be requested by the State at any time. Keep the insurance card in your car.
Collision and comprehensive insurance are required by the financial institution that gives you a loan on the car. If you do not have a loan and your car is inexpensive, you may decide not to insure yourself against these risks. The collision part is expensive. On the other hand, if you are involved in an accident, it carries the advantage that your insurance company will pay for repairs according to a schedule of costs determined by the company.
Collision insurance is usually sold, at a considerable savings, with a $100-$200 (or larger) deductible - you pay the first $100-$200 of any damage to your car. Note that the size of the insurance premiums may increase with each claim you make to the insurance company.
Other insurance coverage:
- Uninsured motorist insurance is required by State of Illinois law. It pays damages for bodily injury which an insured or his passengers is legally entitled to collect from the owner or driver of an uninsured motor vehicle, if the injury is caused by the operation of an uninsured motor vehicle.
- Medical payments insurance to cover medical bills for the driver and passenger in the car.
- Uninsured property damage insurance to cover damage costs or value of an old car when in a collision with an uninsured motorist, required by State of Illinois law.
Insurance coverage is available directly from insurance companies or from local insurance agents. Look in the Yellow Pages under "Insurance" or ask your colleagues for a recommendation. Different companies have somewhat different rates, and some might not insure drivers from abroad as readily as others. Some of the better known and reliable companies are Allstate, Met Life, State Farm and Nationwide. Representatives regularly visit Argonne.
All accidents that may involve personal injury or property damage must be reported to the police and to your insurance agent. A report must also be made to the Illinois Department of Transportation within ten days. The necessary form can be obtained from the police or your automobile insurance agency. Refrain from making any statements regarding fault.
You may be able to negotiate lower insurance premiums if you can provide a written statement (preferably in English) from your home insurance agency concerning your driving record. Included in the statement should be: number of accidents (if any) you have been involved in, the years in which they occurred, how long you have been insurance with this company, and your insurance policy number.
Car Title & Registration
The proof of car ownership is called a title. You will not receive the title until the car is fully paid for. Until that time the lending institution holds the title. If a car is to be used on public streets, it must have a registration certificate and display the numbered plates that go with it. The title, registration certificate, and plates are issued by the State. The Argonne Credit Union can provide information and forms for automobile registration and licensing. Title registration and license plates may be obtained at any Drivers Service Facility. Car registration must be renewed yearly. The State will send you the necessary forms at the appropriate time.
If you buy your car from a dealer, he or she will obtain these documents for a small additional fee. If you buy from a private person, he or she must sign the car over to you on the back of the title certificate. This reassigned title in your name is enough to get a registration certificate and plates at one of the Drivers Services Facilities. Alternatively, a Currency Exchange or a local agent (check the Yellow Pages under "License Services") can provide a temporary registration for a small additional fee. After you have obtained the temporary registration you will be issued a yellow temporary plate to be displayed in the usual place for a rear license plate. The old title is sent to the State, you will be issued permanent license plates and a registration certificate in about a week and a new title in your name within six to eight weeks. Always keep your car registration in the car.
If you import a car, you must register it at a Drivers Service Facility. Plates from your home country are valid for 3 months as long as they have not expired in the country in which they were issued.
ANL Traffic Safety
Whether your stay is extended or short, there are several points that you should be made aware of while using a vehicle at the laboratory:
- All traffic laws of the State of Illinois are to be observed and are enforced at the laboratory.
- When driving at the laboratory, a valid driver's license is required on your person.
- As of 2006 motorcycle, bicycle, and riders of any wheeled conveyance (moped, inline skates...) are required to wear helmets while riding on site. Helmets must be Department of Transportation approved.
- Children under eight years must be secured in appropriate child restraint system. For more information check out www.buckleupillinois.org/.
- Should you be issued traffic safety violation for any of the following reasons, your division director will be notified and you will have to complete some form of remedial action. Should you have more than one offense in a 24 month period, your driving privileges on Argonne can be revoked.
Exceeding posted speed limit
Failure to stop for pedestrians in a crosswalk
Failure to wear seatbelts
Failure to come to a complete stop at STOP signs
Failure to wear a safety helmet
Parking in a fire lane or blocking a fire hydrant
Parking in a No Parking Zone that blocks building dock areas
The village or town in which you live may require you to purchase a village windshield sticker. Check with your village hall. You can be fined if the police stop you and you do not have a current village sticker and your car registration lists that village as your address.
back to main menu
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What's an extremely easy way to substantially improve chicken breasts? 7% salt, 5% sugar. It's simple. Simple math. Get a scale if you don't have one. And try it. Now.
I'm talking about a brine. I feel kinda bad that I haven't discussed this too much; that I haven't yet given the brine the blog space it truly deserves. True, I've mentioned it, but I've never really delved into its mystic powers. But don't get too excited. This post isn't for that. Someday in the near future I will write a comprehensive post about brining in general, my favorite brines, and my favorite foods to apply the brine to. But today's just a lil post on chicken and how to elevate their status in your home kitchen.
Brining is osmosis and diffusion at the same time. I think. Everyone else, as in food scientists who I probably shouldn't be contradicting, just mentions osmosis, but after water leaves the low concentration of water in the meats cells, and flows into the high concentration in the brine, salt, diffuses into the meat, dissolving some of the meat's fibers thus creating more space for water which flows back into the meat, making it juicier.
But why not bring some more flavor to the party? Bring sugar! He's oh so sweet. And if you want to make it a real banger, why not add some thyme, and lemon and peppercorns (if the water is infused with flavor as it enters the meat, it will bring that with it into the meat), and maybe instead of sugar bring honey--better flavor. Steep everything together (I squirt some lemon juice in and then just throw in the segment that I squeezed in), let cool (or use 1/2 of the weight of the water as ice and cool it down real fast after it has steeped) then put your breasts in for an hour or two. Now that's a party I wanna be invited to ;)
If you're in a rush, just use cool water and dissolve sugar and salt into it. Also 7% means 70 grams of salt for every 1000 grams of water. You can use ml to measure water but grams is more precise. Your chicken will be noticeably moister than if you hadn't used a brine.
Ok, that's all for today. I'm off to make my cottage cheese.
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Hortulus was a poem written by a German monk, Walafrid Strabo, in the 9th century. The name
translates to 'little garden' and refers to the herbs grown for the order's apothecary monk. The center
image is an ancient one used in some of the oldest filet crochet, but here he is surrounded by an art
deco style floral border. Maybe these wood violets are what he needs for that remedy he is so deeply
pondering as he gazes at his fire?
|Product Line:|| |
|Craft Type:|| |
|Leaflet Style:|| ||Print and Bag Chart Pack|
|Completed Size:|| ||9.94" x 9.94"|
|Stitch Count:|| ||179 x 179|
|Floss:|| ||DMC Cotton|
|Fabric:|| ||18 Count Parchment Aida|
| To See Pricing and Place Orders|
| To Create a Retailer Account|
Click Here to see shops where you can purchase this design!
Click Here to learn more about how your shop can work with ICG Crafts!
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The Promise of Fusion: Energy Miracle or Mirage?
Posted by keelynet on November 28, 2010
The U.S. has invested billions of dollars trying to create a controlled form of nuclear fusion that could be the energy source for an endless supply of electricity. The world’s largest and highest-energy laser focuses the intense energy of 192 separate laser beams into an even more intense single beam aimed at a BB-sized target filled with hydrogen fuel, with the goal of creating a tiny star by replicating the process that powers the sun and similar celestial bodies. This controlled form of fusion theoretically could tap into the boundless energy that binds the universe together, creating intense heat and driving huge generators that could supply enough power to run the entire world’s electricity grid in perpetuity.
Controlled fusion would produce no greenhouse gases, would not require hazardous nuclear fuel, would produce shorter-lived and less hazardous waste than nuclear reactors, and would pose no danger of a runaway reaction, because fusion reactions are hard to start and quickly halt after running out of fuel.
Sound too good to be true? Well, so far it has been.
The massive energy gain from controlled fusion is a prize that scientists have sought for decades. Yet to date, no laboratory has successfully pulled off a controlled, small-scale fusion reaction in which the…(get this!);
“energy created by the reaction
exceeded the energy needed
to generate the reaction.”
(Why, wouldn’t that be FREE ENERGY, the very same thing we alt science researchers are looking for and for which we are constantly lambasted at every turn by the uninformed?
Despite what the uninformed think, We never claimed ‘energy from nothing’,
we claim CONVERSION OF ENERGY just as the ‘fusioneers’ are trying to do, but we use MANY different methods. See Primer for Skeptics and Attackers – JWD)
But researchers at the National Ignition Facility — part of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratories — insist they are making progress toward this elusive goal.
(All that money thrown into the same kind of dream so many free energy experimenters envision…so what makes these spendthrift idealistic fusion bozos who have FAILED FOR DECADES and wasted BILLIONS OF DOLLARS, more sure of their fantastic claims than we are of the possibilities from our experiments?
This is what ticks me off about investors and engineers who say what alternative science researchers look for don’t have a chance of coming up with anything that will produce free energy, gravity control, etc..
Investors WAKE UP and Smell the Coffee!
and counting for FAILED Fusion Research
versus a few
Remember most of the great, useful and profitable inventions came from lone inventors working on their own and with limited funds, not BILLIONS. Take just a fraction of that money and FUND maverick ideas and projects. It only takes ONE to work. What makes more sense, billions for one idealistic chance or millions for MANY CHANCES…Think about it. Click for A prime example and WHY we WOULD do it! – JWD) – Full Article Source
And with regard to technology LIKE FUSION that ALSO DOESN’T WORK, Lewis Black on Airport Security – Skip to about 11:30….the point here is they have so much technology that just DOESN’T WORK but still they waste our MONEY and our TIME to put us through it. Machines in airports don’t work. We must spend our money to build equipment that WORKS. Metal Detector, nope, check you again. The Wand, nope. Now we have to Pat You down. Just pat us down in the FIRST PLACE and stop wasting our time and all that wasted MONEY with faulty technology.
(Same with FUSION! It DOESN’T WORK so shut it down and direct resources to other projects that might work out better. Just think of the odds 1 or 1000 in your favor, which is better? So FUND Alternative Science Research and Experiments!)
This entry was posted on November 28, 2010 at 3:28 am and is filed under Alternative Science, Computer Related, Ecology / Earth Science, energy, Free Energy, Gee Willikers!!!, Gravity Control, Health, Humor, Invention, Mexico, Miscellaneous, Orthodox Science, Personal Anecdotes, Politics, space. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. Both comments and pings are currently closed.
Sorry, the comment form is closed at this time.
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Transfer of Power at Japan’s Justice Ministry
It may take a little while to get used to this. Longtime observers of the approach to criminal justice sponsored by LDP governments have grown accustomed to several disturbing aspects, including harassment and prosecution of political dissidents on trivial charges (see, e.g., David McNeill), repeated efforts to expand police power through legislation such as the wiretapping law, the long-proposed criminal conspiracy law and others, and total disregard of criticisms and recommendations from international human rights treaty organizations. (Link)
The landslide victory of the Democratic Party of Japan (DPJ) in parliamentary elections held on August 30, 2009 is likely to result in policy change in many areas. There seems little doubt that we will see a very different approach to calibrating the balance between police power and individual rights.
One of the more startling appointments to the new Cabinet is that of Yokohama lawyer Chiba Keiko to be Minister of Justice. The authority of the Ministry is great, with responsibility to enforce criminal laws, protect individual rights, manage the immigration system, and generally oversee the legal system itself, including preparation and review of draft legislation. Ms. Chiba’s appointment should result in a sharp change in policy. She brings with her a history of more than two decades in the Diet in which she opposed nearly all LDP initiatives related to Ministry operations.
Chiba at work
Ms. Chiba’s opposition to the death penalty has made headlines, but this is only one example of her progressive agenda. Among other things, she has supported local voting rights for non-citizen permanent residents, clear recognition of the injuries suffered by so-called “comfort women” and other victims of Japan’s past aggressions, and expanding the admission of refugees to Japan. Chiba’s track record should provide strong clues to the kind of attitude she brings to her new post.
If there was any doubt on this score, she wiped it away in formal comments released on September 16, the day the new Cabinet took office. In her first message to the nation as Minister, Chiba declared that her mission is to help build a society that respects human rights and a judicial system that is “close to the people” (kokumin ni mijika na shiho). To achieve this, she listed three specific steps. First is the establishment of a new human rights agency. Second is ratification of so-called “Optional Protocols” to human rights treaties. Third is creating transparency in criminal interrogations.
The baton passed from LDP Minister of Justice Mori Eisuke to DPJ Minister Chiba Keiko
Her selection of these particular measures for the spotlight displays ambition to make significant institutional reform. They strike at the heart of an established regime that allows arbitrary power to police and other officials. All three measures have been recommended many times by United Nations human rights bodies and other international organizations, but were categorically rejected by LDP governments.
An Independent Human Rights Commission for Japan?
The proposals to establish an independent human rights commission and to ratify “Optional Protocols” to several human rights treaties are each directed toward providing individuals with avenues to bring complaints of abuse to bodies outside the control of the Ministry of Justice and the courts.
The independent commission idea has been around for a long time. Following hearings in 1998, the UN Human Rights Committee declared that it was “concerned about the lack of institutional mechanisms available for investigating violations of human rights and for providing redress to the complainants,” and went on to say “The Committee strongly recommends to the State party (Japan) to set up an independent mechanism for investigating complaints of violations of human rights.” Why was this so important? Because, the Committee explained, “there is no independent authority to which complaints of ill-treatment by the police and immigration officials can be addressed for investigation and redress.”
More than one hundred countries around the world have established such an “independent authority.” In Asia, they include the Republic of Korea (see www.humanrights.go.kr), Thailand, Malaysia and the Philippines. It is safe to assume that government representatives in virtually all of these countries were wary of creating an investigating agency they could not fully control. To help overcome their reluctance, representatives of a range of governments, existing human rights institutions and NGOs met in Paris in 1991 to create a set of model standards for such commissions. Formally adopted by a resolution of the UN General Assembly in 1993, these standards are generally known as the “Paris Principles.”1
Under LDP leadership the Japanese government did respond to the Committee’s recommendation, proposing legislation to establish a new commission in 2002. But the LDP bill was roundly criticized by Japan’s bar associations and other experts as proposing a vehicle that would rest securely under the thumb of the Ministry of Justice. As this debate moved forward, suddenly newspapers filled with stories of the brutal treatment of inmates at Nagoya Prison and other penal facilities, including cases of excessive force causing inmate deaths. One cannot imagine a better illustration of the need for investigation by an outside watchdog. The LDP proposal would simply lead to the government examining itself. There could be no reasonable expectation that it would conduct meaningful investigations into abuses by the police, prison officials, or other government officers with coercive authority. The 2002 “human rights bill” was allowed to expire without formal Diet action. It has not been revived since.
Likewise, Minister Chiba’s second proposal, ratification of Optional Protocols to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) and other human rights treaties would enable individuals to bring their complaints directly to new fora, in this case to the multinational committees charged with overseeing treaty compliance. Japan has ratified at least six major human rights treaties, but has never agreed to any protocol or treaty provision that would empower individuals to plead their cases in such an international forum. This is a popular reform in the international community. For example, as of 2008, 109 countries had ratified the Optional Protocol to the ICCPR. But LDP governments have been steadfast in resisting demands for this reform. The government has repeatedly argued that allowing individuals to bring complaints directly to an international body would violate Japan’s national sovereignty. The new Minister of Justice, on the other hand, has long been a supporter. In recent years Japan’s national bar association has also mounted a major lobbying offensive on its behalf. According to Chiba’s September 16 declaration, the government position on this issue has also been reversed.
The third item on her short list is also a familiar recommendation from international organizations. Japan’s practice of extended police interrogations of suspects outside the presence of counsel has shocked international observers for many years. In October 2008, the UN Human Rights Committee wrote “the substitute detention system (daiyo kangoku), under which suspects can be detained in police detention facilities for a period up to 23 days to facilitate investigations….increases the risk of prolonged interrogations and abusive interrogation methods with the aim of obtaining a confession.” These words echoed those of the UN Committee Against Torture issued the year before when that Committee wrote that lengthy interrogation without the presence of counsel “increases the possibilities of abuse of their rights, and may lead to a de facto non respect of the principles of presumption of innocence, right to silence and right of defense.”
In her September 16 comments, Chiba also proposed a new regime of transparency in interrogations of criminal suspects. Video recording of interrogations has been recommended by the UN treaty bodies mentioned above, by other international bodies, and by Japan’s bar associations to create a clear record and to discourage interrogators from using abusive techniques in their quest to secure confessions.2 She followed up at a press conference on October 13, announcing the creation of a study group including herself, the other two senior political appointees in the MOJ and members of the MOJ Criminal Bureau to consider how best to “realize transparency” (kashika wo jitsugen) in interrogations. She refused to set a timeline for committee proposals, but said the group would promptly get to work. The 2007 DPJ transparency bill that passed the House of Councilors but failed in the LDP-controlled House of Representatives should provide a clear blueprint.
Readers should be aware that over the past two years, the Ministry of Justice commenced recording interrogations on a trial basis. However, recording has been limited to interrogation segments the prosecutors have themselves selected. It is hard to dispel the image of recorded confessions preceded by unrecorded multi-day third degree interrogations that may have preceded them. In October 2008, the UN Human Rights Committee described the pre-trial processes as “sporadic and selective use of electronic surveillance methods during interrogations, frequently limited to recording the confession by the suspect.” Therefore, the Committee recommended that the government “ensure the systematic use of video recording devices during the entire duration of interrogations and guarantee the right of all suspects to have counsel present during interrogations.” See this source.
What about free speech?
We should view Ms. Chiba’s September 16 declaration as only the beginning of an ongoing review of a broad range of policies. One issue at the forefront of any review should be the protection of political speech. We have just passed through an era in which police and prosecutors were used for blatantly political goals. The most important politico-legal issues of the past decade have been the LDP campaign to revise the Constitution, expand Japan’s military activities to encompass participation in hostilities abroad, and enforce greater discipline over the Japanese populace generally. The high tide of this campaign was reached during the period from commencement of the Iraq War in spring 2003 (and Diet passage of a Special Measures Law in July 2003 authorizing SDF deployment to the war zone) and Diet passage of a revised Fundamental Law of Education under Prime Minister Abe Shinzo in December, 2006.3
The public security police and prosecutors were used during this era to suppress dissent by prosecuting individuals who publicly criticized government policy, especially deployment of the SDF to the war zone. (See McNeill). Thus, pamphleteers were not only removed from the streets (for an infamous example from the Aso era, see this source), but also jailed and prosecuted.
Police arrest a man taking part in an organized walk to view Prime Minister Aso's Shibuya Ward, Tokyo, home on Oct. 26, 2008. COURTESY OF PART-TIMER, ARBEITER, FREETER & FOREIGN WORKERS
One individual, a retired high school teacher, was even arrested and prosecuted for the “crime” of interfering with a graduation ceremony because he urged parents to remain seated during the playing of kimi ga yo. It seems unlikely that the police and prosecutors will continue this campaign under DPJ rule. The new Minister herself voted against the bill that formally adopted kimi ga yo as the national anthem when it passed the Diet in 1999.
With the DPJ committed to reducing support for American military activities abroad and seeking a path toward reducing the American military presence in Japan, particularly in Okinawa, peace protesters may have less rationale to take to the streets. Moreover, the government no longer has a political rationale for harassing them.
A Winding Road to Reform?
Reforms such as an independent commission and access to international bodies are important. They should generate independent evaluations of individual cases, provide non-government focal points for the news media, and otherwise draw the attention of the community. But such bodies have no enforcement power. Governments are free to disregard their conclusions and recommendations in the same manner that LDP governments have ignored repeated recommendations of the UN Human Rights Committee and other bodies. Hearings – or the threat of hearings – before such bodies will have significant effect only to the extent they lead to change within the Ministry itself. These institutions would simply provide new weapons in an ongoing fight between advocates of greater personal liberty versus strict maintenance of “public order.” Perhaps we are observing a savvy politician who thinks the most effective strategy is to open the door to action outside the Ministry in order to promote reform within.
Introducing video or audio recording of interrogations is another matter entirely. This strikes very close to the bone of deeply entrenched practices of the police and prosecutors. Internal opposition could be fierce.
But this reform could have powerful effects. The interrogation room is the place where police capture confessions and demand that criminal suspects agree to incriminating statements drafted by the police themselves. The doors to this room have been closed to cameras, tape recorders and defense counsel. With the exception of recent partial recordings, the sole record of the interrogation has been a document produced by the police. If interrogators must perform before a camera or tape recorder from the moment they first confront a suspect until interrogations are finished, a fundamental change in behavior is inevitable. For the first time, police and prosecutors would have to defend their behavior in court against an objective record.4
But Who Really Runs the Ministry?
Minister Chiba must now confront the great chasm between political posturing and implementing policy. The precedent established by previous justice ministers is not encouraging. During the era of LDP rule, ministers were generally viewed as meek followers of their prosecutor subordinates. In his epic study of Japanese prosecutors, David T. Johnson even cited sources to say that the minister is “’utterly irrelevant,’” except perhaps in corruption cases involving high level politicians.”5
When these words were written, few imagined DPJ control, still less the ascension of a progressive outsider to the Minister’s seat. There has never been a Minister of Justice like Chiba before, a lawyer who comes to the office with an agenda so clearly contradictory to the established “way of justice.” She and other DPJ appointees to senior MOJ positions must contend with attitudes and modus operandi entrenched over decades of LDP rule in which the primary theme was continual expansion of police power. But as the minister, Chiba is in position to select the next prosecutor general and direct appointments to other senior prosecutorial positions. If there are like-minded senior prosecutors, they may find that their career prospects have brightened.
While she works inside the Ministry, her outside strategy may also move forward. If the DPJ pushes its legislation through the Diet, Ms. Chiba’s colleagues from activist wings of Japan’s bar associations can be expected to aggressively use the new human rights commission and the international human rights committees to bring embarrassing cases like the Shibushi prosecution and others based on false confessions into the spotlight.6 And we may be more likely to see misbehaving police and prosecutors called to account.
Among those forced into false confessions in the Shibushi case , from left; Yamashita Kunio, Hamano Eiko and Kawabata Sachio. (Photo Ko Sasaki)
Implementing these measures will not be easy. Establishing an independent commission and ratifying treaty protocols requires Diet action. Although the DPJ and its allies hold strong majorities, there will surely be voices seeking to protect the status quo. Progress on these issues will indicate the degree to which Japan’s new governors are willing to expend political capital on poorly understood measures related to human rights protection. Whatever the result, there is no doubt that this government takes a fundamentally different view of its obligations under Japanese law and human rights treaties from what we have seen in the past.
Lawrence Repeta is a professor of law at Omiya Law School in Japan, presently a visiting scholar at the University of Washington, and an Asia-Pacific Journal associate. He is author of the chapter on law and society in the forthcoming “Handbook of Japanese Culture and Society," edited by Theodore C. Bestor and Victoria Bestor, to be published by Routledge in spring 2010. He wrote this article for The Asia-Pacific Journal.
Recommended citation: Lawrence Repeta, "Transfer of Power at Japan’s Justice Ministry," The Asia-Pacific Journal, Vol. 44-2-09, November 2, 2009.
2 For a valuable discussion of this issue, see David T. Johnson, The Japanese Way of Justice, pp.273-74 (Oxford University Press, 2002).
3 Gavan McCormack’s timely book, Client State (Verso, 2007) provides a finely detailed account of this era, including description not only of government measures to promote militarization, but also violent attacks on opponents by rightwing extremists.
4 For description of several cases of prosecutor brutality in the interrogation room, see Johnson, supra n. 2, at 254-63.
5 Johnson, supra n. 2, at 120.
6 The Shibushi case involved the prosecution of 11 individuals for vote buying in a local election in Kagoshima. Many were subject to abusive interrogations for months, including the successful candidate, who was detained for an incredible 395 days. Despite the interrogators’ success in producing several confessions, all defendants were found not guilty by a trial court that decided the confessions were coerced and the entire story was concocted by the police. See Norimitsu Onishi, “Pressed by Police, Even Innocent Confess in Japan,” New York Times, May 11, 2007.
Japanese human rights lawyers produced a 45 minute documentary film of this incident which was shown at the headquarters of the United Nations in Geneva and other venues. See this source.
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, DC – Today in Moscow, Russia, the ministers representing the six ITER parties, including Dr. Raymond L. Orbach, Director of the U.S. Department of Energy’s Office of Science, announced the ITER international fusion reactor will be located at the EU site in Cadarache, France. Below are statements by U.S. government officials following the signing of the agreement at the Ministerial Meeting. The text of the announcement by the six parties is available at http://www.iter.org/index_newsroom.htm.
Statement by U.S. Secretary of Energy Samuel W. Bodman:
“Plentiful, reliable energy is critical to continued worldwide economic development. Fusion technologies have the potential to transform how energy is produced and provide significant amounts of safe, environmentally-friendly power in the future. The ITER project will make this vision a reality.”
Statement by DOE Office of Science Director Raymond L. Orbach, who represented the United States at the Ministerial Meeting:
“The United States supports the decision of the parties to the ITER negotiations to conduct the international fusion reaction experiment at Cadarache, France, and the U.S. looks forward to getting ITER construction there underway as soon as practical.
“It boded well for ITER that there were two serviceable sites and six parties committed to this important fusion project. Now that the partners have agreed on a site, the ITER negotiations must also resolve an agreed-upon financial and procurement arrangement, together with a satisfactory management and oversight arrangement.
“In these negotiations, the U.S. will continue to strive for a robust management structure and an oversight program based on the principles of equity, accountability and transparency to ensure both the success of the project and the best use of taxpayer dollars.
“Fulfilling the promise of ITER will require continued international collaboration and cooperation such as that demonstrated by the six parties to the ITER talks in arriving at today’s decision.”
NOTE: Dr. Orbach will be available to speak with reporters by phone at 12 p.m.Eastern today. Reporters should call the DOE press office at 202/586-5806 for details about the conference call.
The text of Dr. Orbach’s prepared remarks at the Ministerial Meeting is available at:
President Bush announced on January 30, 2003, that the U.S. was joining the negotiations for the construction and operation of a major international magnetic fusion project. Known as ITER, the project’s mission is to demonstrate the scientific and technological feasibility of fusion energy.
“The results of ITER,” President Bush said, “will advance the effort to produce clean, safe, renewable, and commercially-available fusion energy by the middle of this century. Commercialization of fusion has the potential to dramatically improve America's energy security while significantly reducing air pollution and emissions of greenhouse gases.”
The Bush administration considers fusion a key element in U.S. long-term energy plans because fusion offers the potential for abundant, safe and environmentally benign energy. ITER will allow scientists to explore the physics of a burning plasma at energy densities close to that of a commercial power plant, the critical next step in producing and delivering commercially available electricity from fusion to the grid.
Another key advantage of fusion energy over current methods of electricity generation is that it can produce hydrogen with no carbon emissions. Thus ITER may contribute to a hydrogen-based economy of the future.
The Department of Energy has led the U.S. delegation to the ITER talks. China, the European Union, Japan, the Russian Federation, and South Korea also are participating in the ITER negotiations.
There have been two competing sites to host the $5 billion test bed for harnessing nuclear fusion to generate electricity. In November 2003, the European Union selected Cadarache, France, as its candidate site; Japan’s contender was in Rokkasho. The U.S. had supported the Japanese site on technical grounds.
In July 2004, the U.S. Department of Energy announced after a national competition that the U.S. ITER Project Office will be located at Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, located on Princeton University’s James Forrestal Campus in Plainsboro, New Jersey. Princeton and its partner, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, jointly operate the U.S. ITER Project Office which is responsible for project management of U.S. activities to support construction of the international research facility.
Jeff Sherwood, 202/586-5806
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Enemies knock at the gate. Enemies knock at the door. Do not let them in. Do not ever let them in. For forty days and for forty nights they will knock... Live to see those days and the light of the sun will save us.
-Ancient Viking Prophecy
It is the time of the Vikings. They have ruled the sea for the last 100 years and have proven themselves to be great explorers and deadly foes. But, in 1015 everything changed. The days grew short and it rained...and rained. It rained for an entire year. Then the earthquakes hit and the floods broke. The Vikings saw this as a sign of the end of the world, Ragnarock. But it was not the Gods that came to judge on this day. It was the Formorians, water creatures that feed on the life-force of humans.
As the seas rose, the Vikings were forced to leave their beloved waters and move to higher ground. The Vikings tried their best to fight off the innumerable Formorian hoardes but ultimately their numbers were too great. The war between human and Formorian spread until soon huge battles for survival occurred in every continent. Seven years of battle against the Formorians, and seven years of rain, saw the demise of the human race. The last free humans are simple farmers, peasants, women and children, and six weary warriors.
These six warriors led the group to higher ground, to a mysterious tower. This tower was to be mankind's last hope. A last stand against the Formorian lust for domination. Amused, Jormungandr sends the entire Formorian army to the tower to wipe out humanity in a single blow. The humans remember the prophecy... and pray. At the dawn of the First Siege, these six mysterious heroes of legend must unify the last remaining humans. They must prepare for battle and defend the tower.
Co-published with: Arcana
© 2010 1821 Comics. All Rights Reserved.
Web development by The Burroughs Group
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WOUNDED WARRIORS AT THE STATE CAPITOL
***Attached you will find two photographs of Senator Hinojosa and Senator Uresti with our Wounded Warriors ***
(Austin, TX) - Last week, our Wounded Warriors made a visit to the State Capitol and they met with Senator Juan "Chuy" Hinojosa and Senator Carlos Uresti.
Senator Hinojosa proudly served our country as a U.S. Marines squad leader in Vietnam from 1966 to 1968 and represents Brooks, Jim Wells, Nueces and part of Hidalgo County. The Senator is dedicated to advocating for those issues that are most important to Texas Veterans and, in 2005, was awarded the Legislator of the Year Award for improving the lives of veterans in the state of Texas by the Texas chapter of the Vietnam Veterans of America (VVA).
"Our veterans risked their lives for this country, and answered the call of their government in times of threat, it's only fitting that government supply the resources necessary for our support," Senator Hinojosa said.
"I was proud to stand next to our Wounded Warriors, as I was proud to fight for our country. I want to make sure that our current veterans and those coming back home from the wars overseas are treated with the honor and respect they deserve. I will continue my efforts to address the issues affecting our veterans this legislative session," concluded Hinojosa.
Senator Hinojosa has addressed many issues affecting our veterans. To honor soldiers who fought and who died during the Vietnam War, Senator Hinojosa passed HCR 36 in the Senate to build a monument on the Texas Capitol grounds honoring Texans who fought in the Vietnam War.
During the 81st Legislative Session, Senator Hinojosa passed a bill that established March 29 as Vietnam Veterans Day in honor of the men and women who served in the Vietnam War. The bill requires that Vietnam Veterans Day be regularly observed with the appropriate ceremonies.
He also passed a resolution urging Congress to restore the presumption of a service connection for Agent Orange exposure to veterans who served on the inland waterways, territorial waters, and in the airspace of the Republic of Vietnam.
In addition, Senator Hinojosa passed a proposed constitutional amendment that allows the state to contribute money, property, and other resources for the establishment, maintenance, and operation of veteran's hospitals in this state.
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It’s one thing to want to lose weight, and it’s another to actually put a plan into motion to lose weight. Dieting can be all well and good, but just one bad trip to your local grocery store can undue your eating habits for the next week or so!
Starting a healthy diet begins with learning how to successfully navigate your grocery store. Just like an explorer in the wilderness, knowing what you can eat and where you can find it is the secret to surviving a trip to your grocery store without loading up on junk food.
Rule No. 1: Never shop on an empty stomach. You know exactly what I’m talking about. You forget to eat before you go into the grocery store. You go in for just a few items and you come out with a smorgasbord full of naughty treats and snacks plus a full fried chicken meal for dinner. Shop only on a full stomach. Plan this one out. It’s very important for your diet that you never ever shop when you are hungry. Not only does it save your diet, but it also saves your pocketbook.
Rule No. 2: Shop only with a list. Treat the grocery store like a battle field. You can’t just go in there all willy nilly and expect to come out unscathed. You need a list that details exactly what you need. Just a few extra minutes of planning before you go in can save you from wandering aimlessly down one of the junk food aisles. Even better, if you know the layout of your grocery store, try grouping your items by department, so you can get in and get out that much quicker.
Rule No 3: Skip the processed foods. If food comes in a box, chances are it’s not going to help you with your diet. Processed foods are usually crammed full of immense amounts of sugar and sodium…nothing your healthy diet needs that’s for sure. It’s not rocket science… stick to the fresh foods and your diet will thank you. Fresh fruits and vegetables, meats and fish. All these can give you the vitamins and minerals you need for a healthy diet. Something to think about… if your current shopping cart has more than 50 percent of food that is in boxes or cans… you definitely need to take this rule seriously.
Rule No 4. Don’t venture into the aisles. Think about it…where can you always find the fresh foods? Fruits, vegetables and meats are always found around the perimeter of the store. The center aisles have the food that can stay on the shelf for well… years it seems. If you keep away from the middle aisles and stick to the perimeter, you’ll do much better with your shopping.
Rule No. 5. Consider the organics. I know, they are much more expensive than regular foods, but consider that they are grown without harmful pesticides and handpicked and you realize why you have the extra costs. Now, you don’t have to buy everything organic. Certain foods it doesn’t matter because of the thick exterior. Bananas, avocados, and sweet potatoes are all safe to by conventional. However, when it comes to fruit and vegetables that don’t have the protective skin such as peaches and apricots, organic is the best. They have found more than 29 different kinds of pesticides on one peach alone.
Rule No. 6. Don’t discount frozen foods. OK, we did say that fresh foods are the best for you, but we do understand that this isn’t always a possibility. When you can’t eat fresh, frozen is better than canned. Keeping a couple bags of frozen fruits and vegetables can help you out when you’re in a pinch. Just about any kind of frozen vegetable can be thrown into a soup at the last minute to make a great healthy meal in no time.
Rule No. 7. Sometimes canned is better. Yes, I know, we just said that fresh foods are the best, but there is one exception to this rule – tomatoes. Tomatoes are great to keep canned in your pantry because they actually have been shown that when they are canned, the amounts of antioxidants in them are increased. That’s because when they are canned the antioxidants in them are concentrated. Canned tomatoes can be added to just about anything. Throw them into a stew or a chili to get the flavors really going in your favorite dish.
Rule No. 8. Pay attention to beverages. You may not realize it, but calories can really add up in your drinks. Just one soda can equal 200 calories. Instead of drinking your empty calories away, you could have eaten a healthy snack that would have actually given you energy instead of just a sugar rush. Stay away from full fat mils as well. While there are health benefits to drinking milk, full fat milk has loads of calories that you simply don’t need. It’s great to drink milk, but opt for the fat free skim milk instead.
Rule No. 9. Go for whole wheat. You know you heard it before; white bread does nothing for you. That goes for anything made with bleached and processed flour. In today’s market there are so many tasty alternatives for you to choose from. Instead of white bread, go for a whole grain wheat bread. Instead of white rice, choose brown rice. Instead of regular pasta, try the whole wheat versions. You may even find that you like these healthier versions better. They can usually be found right next to their unhealthy counterparts.
With these 9 simple rules in mind, you should find that you will be well equipped with a plan for your next trip to the grocery store. By having a battle plan when you go to the grocery store, you’ll find it much easier to avoid any last minute temptation or naughty impulse to buy a quart full of ice cream. Live by these nine rules and you should have no problem sticking to your diet.
Start a discussion by leaving a comment.
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You Need Sleep
You Need Sleep
By Sarah Vistocco
Stress levels run high as students tirelessly produce term papers, study for hours to prepare for final tests, and try to maintain a social life to relieve the pressure during these last few weeks of school. Now more than ever sleep is important, yet students push themselves to the limit to meet deadlines while often surrendering a good nights sleep. It is not a groundbreaking idea that sleep is important and by depriving yourself of rest, you simply perpetuate a cycle of crankiness and unproductive days, let alone the physical effects that ensue from sleep deprivation. Yet, it may be interesting to understand what else we relinquish when we work until the wee hours of the morning.
A recent article released in National Geographic outlined a study that took place at the University of California at Berkeley that was spearheaded by neuroscientist Matthew Walker. The study exposed subjects to “emotionally provocative pictures,” such as the scene of a bloody accident mixed with those of simple pictures of a kettle on a counter. As their brain patterns were being monitored by an MRI, a segment of the participants were shown the images in the morning and then again at night without sleeping in between, while the other group was shown the images before they slept, and then again in the morning. Those who were allowed to sleep before viewing the images for a second time had less of an emotional reaction to the pictures than those who were not allowed to sleep between viewings.
Overall, the stabilization of our “mental and emotional health” is sustained through sleep, which is especially evident during the REM cycle. The article stated, “MRI scans performed during REM sleep revealed that brain activity fell in the amygdala—the emotion-processing part of the brain—possibly allowing the more rational prefrontal cortex to soften the images' impact.” Although the emotional reaction the participants felt regarding the pictures was not eradicated by sleep, they were better able to handle their reactions because they had had a restful night’s sleep.
Sleep is not a magic cure for all of the day’s stressors, but it is probable that sleep does offer an important respite from the monotony of daily life. If entering REM sleep helped the participants in these studies face the emotional images with a clear mind, one can only assume that the same can be said for term papers, final tests, and avoiding the sleep-deprived, stress infused fight with your roommate. After several hours of studying, sleep is essential not only to recharge your body and mind, but also to encourage clearer thinking and emotional stability.
Although the stressful schedules that lead students to work late into the night can be unavoidable, planning and using the time in your day effectively can improve your overall health. Sleep must become a priority no matter how much work you have. After about 2:00 am everyone thinks he or she is a philosopher, so it is better to set that paper about Simone de Beauvoir aside until you can approach the subject with a reliable mind. You may not wake up with all of the answers, but at least you will not find a mobile upload of yourself on Facebook using your history book as a pillow in the library.
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I'll put shuls back in Libya (with a little rebel help)
Follow The JC on Twitter
David Gerbi with some of the rebels, whose leaders, he hopes, will allow Jews to freely visit the country
The Libyan rebels have a new recruit: a softly-spoken, Kabbalah-studying, Orthodox Jewish psychoanalyst.
Rome-based David Gerbi has been making regular visits to Libya, where he meets rebel leaders to help them plan strategies for instituting democracy and gaining international recognition.
Mr Gerbi hopes that Libyan Jews, many of whom would be living there were it not for the events of 1967, may once again become part of their nation.
His hope is that the interim government will consolidate its power and then go about reinstating the right of exiled Libyan Jews to freely visit and live in the country, and seek compensation for confiscated property.
Failed talks: Gerbi meeting Gaddafi in 2009
While Mr Gerbi does not believe that many Jews will choose to return permanently, he wants them to have the right to do so, like
expatriates of other countries. He also wants to restore synagogues and cemeteries.
He has started to discuss his hopes with rebel leaders, and thinks they are realistic. "If we will see an opposition of fanatics, it will not happen, but if we will see an opposition of real change this can happen," he says. "And I think that people are sick enough of living in fear that it can."
Mr Gerbi, who works in Italy and Israel, is also advising the rebels' interim government on boosting health provision.
In response to increased incidence of post-traumatic stress disorder as a result of the civil war, he is teaching staff at a psychiatric hospital in the rebel stronghold of Benghazi methods for treating the condition.
Mr Gerbi was born in Libya, but his family - and more-or-less the entire Jewish community - was forced to leave in the after the Six-Day Way in 1967, when he was 12, amid anti-Jewish violence. His family went to Rome - temporarily, or so they hoped. "We were waiting for things to become calm and go back," he recalled during a visit to Tel Aviv this week. "But then came Gaddafi." When Muammar Gaddafi took power in 1969, he confiscated the property that Jews had left behind and cancelled all debts owed to them.
Mr Gerbi's association with the rebels is not his first venture into Libyan politics. In 2002 he became the first exiled Jew to return to Libya, having forged good connections with some of Colonel Gaddafi's senior officials. The regime asked him act as a conduit with America, conveying a message of peace to US officials, and he obliged.
He returned to Libya in 2007 but, after an initially positive visit, things turned nasty: he was detained and his possessions were retained as he was bundled onto a plane to Malta.
Some of his property was subsequently returned but other items, including mezuzot which he hoped to one day place on restored Libyan synagogues, were not.
Mr Gerbi then met Colonel Gaddafi in Rome in 2009. The dictator held his hands as they spoke of Libyan Jewry. But the meeting did not lead to the reconciliation he hoped for, and he has since concluded that his efforts with Colonel Gaddafi and on his behalf were "in vain… because he did not know how to greet the possibility of transforming Libya".
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The American Council of Witches'
"Principles of Wiccan Belief" (1974)
Seventy three Witches founded the Council of American
Witches in 1974. In April of that year, at the Spring Witchmeet in
Minneapolis, MN, (1974-APR-11 to 14), they adopted the following document. At the time, Wicca and
other Neopagan religions were greatly misunderstood in North America. This
document helped to set the record straight.
statements are necessarily vague. They do not precisely and completely match any
one Witchcraft tradition. But they do provide an introduction to the full range
of belief systems found within "Wicca."
policy of including all persons, regardless of "sexual preference" -- now
referred to as sexual orientation -- was almost unheard of back in 1974.
disbanded later in 1974.
In seeking to be
inclusive, we do not wish to open ourselves to the destruction of our
group by those on self-serving power trips, or to philosophies and
practices contradictory to those principles. In seeking to exclude those
whose ways are contradictory to ours, we do not want to deny
participation with us to any who are sincerely interested in our
knowledge and beliefs, regardless of race, color, sex, age, national or
cultural origins, or sexual preference. 1
Principles of the Wiccan Belief:
1. We practice
rites to attune ourselves with the natural rhythm of life forces marked by
the phases of the Moon and the seasonal Quarters and Cross Quarters.
2. We recognize
that our intelligence gives us a unique responsibility towards our
environment. We seek to live in harmony with Nature, in ecological balance
offering fulfillment to life and consciousness within an evolutionary
3. We acknowledge a
depth of power far greater than that is apparent to the average person.
Because it is far greater than ordinary it is sometimes called
"supernatural", but we see it as lying within that which is
naturally potential to all.
4. We conceive of
the Creative Power in the universe as manifesting through polarity-as
masculine and feminine-and that this same Creative Power lies in all
people, and functions through the interaction of the masculine and
feminine. We value neither above the other, knowing each to be
supportive of the other. We value sex as pleasure, as the symbol and embodiment
of life, and as one of the sources of energies used in magickal practice
and religious worship. 2
5. We recognize
both outer and inner, or psychological, worlds -- sometimes known as
the Spiritual World, the Collective Unconscious, Inner Planes, etc. -- and we
see in the interaction of these two dimensions the basis for paranormal
phenomena and magickal exercises. We neglect neither dimension for the
other, seeing both as necessary for our fulfillment.
6. We do not
recognize any authoritarian hierarchy, but do honor those who teach,
respect those who share their greater knowledge and wisdom, and
acknowledge those who have courageously given of themselves in leadership.
7. We see religion,
magick and wisdom-in-living as being united in the way one views the world
and lives within it -- a world view and philosophy of life which we identify
as Witchcraft, the Wiccan Way.
8. Calling oneself
"Witch" does not make a Witch -- but neither does heredity itself,
nor the collecting of titles, degrees and initiations. A Witch seeks to
control the forces within her/himself that make life possible in order to
live wisely and well without harm to others and in harmony with Nature. 3
9. We believe in
the affirmation and fulfillment of life in a continuation of evolution and
development of consciousness, that gives meaning to the Universe we know, and
our personal role within it.
10. Our only
animosity towards Christianity, or toward any
other religion or philosophy
of life, is to the extent that its institutions have claimed to be
"the only way," and have sought to deny
freedom to others and to
suppress other ways of religious practice and belief.
11. As American
Witches, we are not threatened by debates on the history of the Craft, the
origins of various terms, the origins of various aspects of different
traditions. We are concerned with our present and our future.
12. We do not
accept the concept of absolute evil, nor do we worship any entity known as
"Satan" or "the Devil", as defined by Christian
tradition. 4 We do not seek power through the suffering of others, nor
do we accept that personal benefit can be derived only by denial to another.
13. We believe that
we should seek within Nature that which is contributory to our health and
Notes & comments:
- The word "preference" in the term "sexual preference" is misleading. Homosexuals
are sexually attracted only to the members of the same gender.
|Male gays are attracted only to men; they don't merely prefer men to
|Lesbians are attracted only to women; they don't merely prefer women to
On the other hand, bisexuals are attracted to both men and women; they may have a preferred gender. Except among
conservative Christians, the term "sexual preference" is rarely used
today. The term "sexual orientation" is
a more precise term.
- It appears that in some recent copies of this document, the sentence about
ritual sex has been omitted, perhaps because of its potential to be
misunderstood by the public. Although the practice of ritual sex has a very
long history, the concept is very strange and scary to most people.
- Left out of the description of this principle is the use of magical
powers to actively attempt to help and heal others.
- The concept of Satan is found not only within Christianity, but in Islam
and some other religious traditions.
Portions copyright © 2000 to 2008 by Ontario Consultants on Religious
Originally assembled: 2001-FEB-26
Latest update: 2008-JUN-10
Editor: B.A. Robinson
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Elsie is a city girl. She loves the noise of the cobbled streets of Boston. But when her mother dies and her father moves them to the faraway prairies of Nebraska, Elsie hears only the silence, and she feels alone in the wide sea of grass. Her only comfort is her canary, Timmy Tune. But when... read more
“Suddenly, they both heard a raspy koo-a-lee koo-a-lee. A blackbird flew over to them and sang again. "Koo-a-lee," Elsie sang back. "Koo-a-lee." And then, oh then—sitting there by the burbling creek, in the green-gold grass, under the sun-washed sky, Elsie finally heard the voices of the plains.”
“That hound, those hens, that banty rooster, and all the noise they made kept Elsie's house full of sound, and Elsie loved them all for they turned her house into a true prairie home.”
We’re hiding the errata, movie connections, books that influenced this book, books influenced by this book, books that cite this book and books cited by this book sections. If you would like to add content to them, you must first make them visible.
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Professor William P. Minicozzi II
Department of Mathematics, Johns Hopkins University
Office: (410) 516 6656; Fax: (410) 516 5549
Fall 2011 Course: --- 110.744
Office hours: Mondays 11 to 12
Slides (missing figures) from ICM talk, Madrid 2006.
Slides from talk on The rate of change of width under flows, 2008.
Spring 2010 graduate student and post-doc workshop at Johns Hopkins, March 15 to 17, 2010; part of NSF FRG grant with Toby Colding and David Gabai.
I am an editor of the following journals:
Links to two books and some papers:
2011 textbook: A Course in Minimal Surfaces, available from the AMS.
Survey on minimal surfaces and mean curvature flow (with Colding) in honor of Rick Schoen.
Geometric evolution equations:
Sharp estimates for mean curvature flow of graphs are shown - a gradient estimate and an area estimate - and examples are given to illustrate why these are sharp. The gradient estimate improves an earlier (non-sharp) estimate of Klaus Ecker and Gerhard Huisken (joint with Colding, Crelles Journal, volume 574, 2004); LANL link.
Estimates for the extinction time for the Ricci flow on certain 3-manifolds and a question of Perelman (joint with Colding; Journal of the AMS, volume 3, 2005; link); LANL link.
Given a Riemannian metric
on a homotopy $n$-sphere, sweep it out by a
continuous one-parameter family of closed curves starting and ending at point
curves. Pull the sweepout tight by, in a continuous
way, pulling each curve as tight as possible yet preserving the sweepout. We show:
Each curve in the tightened sweepout whose length is close to the length of the longest curve in the sweepout must itself be close to a closed geodesic. In particular, there are curves in the sweepout that are close to closed geodesics.
Finding closed geodesics on the 2-sphere by using sweepouts goes back to Birkhoff in 1917. As an application, we bound from above, by a negative constant, the rate of change of the width for a one-parameter family of convex hypersurfaces that flows by mean curvature. The width is loosely speaking up to a constant the square of the length of the shortest closed curve needed to ``pull over'' $M$. This estimate is sharp and leads to a sharp estimate for the extinction time; cf. above where a similar bound for the rate of change for the two dimensional width is shown for homotopy 3-spheres evolving by the Ricci flow (see also Perelman).
This is an expository article with complete proofs intended for a general non-specialist audience. The results are two-fold. First, we discuss a geometric invariant, that we call the width, of a manifold and show how it can be realized as the sum of areas of minimal 2-spheres. For instance, when $M$ is a homotopy 3-sphere, the width is loosely speaking the area of the smallest 2-sphere needed to ``pull over'' $M$. Second, we use this to conclude that Hamilton's Ricci flow becomes extinct in finite time on any homotopy 3-sphere. We have chosen to write this since the results and ideas given here are quite useful and seem to be of interest to a wide audience.
Smooth compactness of self-shrinkers (joint with Colding).
We prove a smooth compactness theorem for the space of embedded self-shrinkers in $\RR^3$. Since self-shrinkers model singularities in mean curvature flow, this theorem can be thought of as a compactness result for the space of all singularities and it plays an important role in studying generic mean curvature flow.
Generic mean curvature flow I; generic singularities (joint with Colding).
It has long been conjectured that starting at a generic smooth closed embedded surface in R^3, the mean curvature flow remains smooth until it arrives at a singularity in a neighborhood of which the flow looks like concentric spheres or cylinders. That is, the only singularities of a generic flow are spherical or cylindrical. We will address this conjecture here and in a sequel. The higher dimensional case will be addressed elsewhere.
The key in showing this conjecture is to show that shrinking spheres, cylinders and planes are the only stable self-shrinkers under the mean curvature flow. We prove this here in all dimensions. An easy consequence of this is that every other singularity than spheres and cylinders can be perturbed away.
Analysis of Schrodinger operators:
Three circles theorems for Schrodinger operators on cylindrical ends and geometric applications (joint with Colding and Camillo De Lellis).
We show that for a Schrodinger operator with bounded potential on a manifold with cylindrical ends the space of solutions which grows at most exponentially at infinity is finite dimensional and, for a dense set of potentials (or, equivalently for a surface, for a fixed potential and a dense set of metrics), the constant function zero is the only solution that vanishes at infinity. Clearly, for general potentials there can be many solutions that vanish at infinity. These results follow from a three circles inequality (or log convexity inequality) for the Sobolev norm of a solution to a Schrodinger equation on a product $N\times [0,T]$, where $N$ is a closed manifold with a certain spectral gap. Examples of such $N$'s are all (round) spheres $\SS^n$ for $n\geq 1$ and all Zoll surfaces. Finally, we discuss some examples arising in geometry of such manifolds and Schrodinger operators.
Minimal surfaces with uniform curvature (or area) bounds have been well understood and the regularity theory is complete, yet essentially nothing was known without such bounds. We discuss here the theory of embedded (i.e., without self-intersections) minimal surfaces in Euclidean 3-space without a priori bounds. The study is divided into three cases, depending on the topology of the surface. Case one is where the surface is a disk, in case two the surface is a planar domain (genus zero), and the third case is that of finite (non-zero) genus. The complete understanding of the disk case is applied in both cases two and three.
As we will see, the helicoid, which is a double spiral staircase, is the most important example of an embedded minimal disk. In fact, we will see that every such disk is either a graph of a function or part of a double spiral staircase. The helicoid was discovered to be a minimal surface by Meusnier in 1776.
For planar domains the fundamental examples are the catenoid, also discovered by Meusnier in 1776, and the Riemann examples discovered by Riemann in the beginning of the 1860s. Finally, for general fixed genus an important example is the recent example by Hoffman-Weber-Wolf of a genus one helicoid.
In the last section we discuss why embedded minimal surfaces are automatically proper. This was known as the Calabi-Yau conjectures for embedded surfaces. For immersed surfaces there are counter-examples by Jorge-Xavier and Nadirashvili.
Embedded minimal surfaces (ICM 2006 Proceedings)-
The study of embedded minimal surfaces in $\RR^3$ is a classical problem, dating to the mid 1700's, and many people have made key contributions. We will survey a few recent advances, focusing on joint work with Tobias H. Colding of MIT and Courant, and taking the opportunity to focus on results that have not been highlighted elsewhere; LANL link.
This is an introduction to the basic results on minimal submanifolds, written for the Encyclopedia of Mathematical Physics (joint with Colding).
This paper is the fifth and final in a series on embedded minimal surfaces. Following our earlier papers on disks, we prove here two main structure theorems for non-simply connected embedded minimal surfaces of any given fixed genus. (joint with Colding); LANL link.
We give a quick tour through the field of minimal submanifolds. Starting at the definition and the classical results and ending up with current areas of research. Many references are given for further readings (joint with Colding; Bulletin of the London Math. Society); LANL link.
In this paper we will prove the Calabi-Yau conjectures for embedded surfaces. In fact, we will prove considerably more. The Calabi-Yau conjectures about surfaces date back to the 1960s. Much work has been done on them over the past four decades. In particular, examples of Jorge-Xavier from 1980 and Nadirashvili from 1996 showed that the immersed versions were false; we will show here that for embedded surfaces, i.e., injective immersions, they are in fact true. (Joint with Colding; LANL link. Annals of Mathematics 2008)
We construct a sequence of (compact) embedded minimal disks in a ball where the curvature blows up only at the center. This converges to a limit which is not smooth and not proper (joint with Colding, Trans. AMS, 2004); LANL link.
Survey of Embedded minimal surfaces I, II, and IV - intended also as a reader's guide (joint with Colding, The Proceedings of the Clay Mathematics Institute Summer School on the Global Theory of Minimal Surfaces); LANL link.
We give a decomposition of embedded minimal annuli which illustrates our pair of pants decomposition for embedded minimal planar domains (joint with Colding; IMRN 2002).
We prove estimates for multi-valued solutions of the minimal surface equation and apply these to prove properness of some embedded minimal disks (joint with Colding; IMRN 2002).
Pdf files of 5 lectures on joint work with Toby Colding given at the Clay Summer School on Minimal Surfaces, July 2001.
Minimal surfaces- Courant Lecture Notes by Colding and Minicozzi.
Bounds the oscillation of the normal for minimal annuli with slits; applied in the proof of removable singularity theorem for minimal limit laminations (joint with Colding; J. Symplectic Geom. 2002).
Removable singularities for minimal limit laminations - announcement; (joint with Colding; C.R.A.S. 2000).
Proves estimates on area and total curvature for intrinsic balls in two-sided stable minimal surfaces in three-manifolds; as consequences, we get Bernstein theorems and curvature estimates. In the case of area, this curvature estimate is due to Schoen. (joint with Colding; IMRN 2002).
Convergence of embedded minimal surfaces without area bounds- announcement; (joint with Colding; C.R.A.S. 1998) --- httplink.
We prove that a properly embedded minimal annular end which lies above a sufficiently narrow downward sloping cone must have finite total curvature; this is related to earlier results of Collin, Hoffman-Meeks, and Meeks-Rosenberg (joint with Colding; Duke Math. J. 2001).
Survey article; also contains an appendix showing a finiteness theorem for closed embedded minimal surfaces of fixed genus and bounded area in a 3-fold with a bumpy metric (joint with Colding; AMS 2000).
Studies growth properties of harmonic functions on manifolds with nonnegative Ricci curvature and Euclidean volume growth; developes an analog of Almgren's frequency function in this setting (joint with Colding; JDG 1997).
Determines explicit $C^0$ asymptotics for the Green's function on manifolds with nonnegative Ricci curvature and Euclidean volume growth (also $L^2$ limits for the gradient and Hessian); studies growth properties of external solutions for Schrodinger operators in this case (joint with Colding; AJM 1997).
Settles affirmatively conjecture of Yau: the space of harmonic functions of polynomial growth on manifolds with nonnegative Ricci curvature is finite dimensional; generalizes to manifolds with Poincare and doubling (joint with Colding; Annals of Math. 1997).
Proves sharp polynomial bounds for the space of harmonic functions of polynomial growth on manifolds with nonnegative Ricci curvature; generalizes to manifolds with Poincare and doubling (joint with Colding; Invent. Math. 1998).
Proves sharp polynomial bounds for the space of harmonic sections of polynomial growth in various cases, including cases minimal submanifolds (where Poincare inequality fails) and a weak Bernstein type theorem (joint with Colding; CPAM 1998).
Lower bounds for nodal sets of eigenfunctions (joint with Colding, CMP, 2011).
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One way to learn how to fly-fish is right on the water with fish all around. That's where my assistant, Miss Amy, found herself several years ago, holding her first fly rod ever. Our Mayan fishing guides coached her as she waded along with them, giving her advice on casting and stalking bonefish. It's an exciting way to learn fly-fishing, much more thrilling than an empty lot with a casting coach.
A Mayan guide explains some of the basics of fly fishing to Miss Amy, shortly before the first school of bonefish swim by.
We were fishing Sian Kaan Biosphere Reserve (www.cesiak.org), just south of Tulum in Mexico. You can fly into Cancun, catch a ride south, and the next morning -- after riding a panga for 20 minutes -- hop out and wade a vast, saltwater estuary with a number of saltwater species, often without seeing another boat.
The Reserve is catch and release only and prohibits all fishing except with fly tackle. The guides show uncommon patience -- coaching, teaching and pointing out bonefish -- until the angler hooks up. Despite being a complete rookie at this, Miss Amy wound up landing a bonefish on a fly that very first morning.
What a wonderful sport, catching bonefish with fly tackle in a beautiful setting. In addition to bonefish, we caught bar jacks, barracuda and a sizeable mangrove snapper that day.
Saltwater fly fishing is labor intensive, so those who prefer sitting under a tree while watching a bobber need not apply. Casting a weightless bass popper around lily pads, where freshwater fish sit most the day without moving, often only 20 feet away, is one thing. Saltwater fish are far more restless; they shift with the tides and may only be in casting range for a few seconds. To catch them you've got to be practiced, somewhat talented and fairly decisive. Fearless, too, when a tarpon the size of a family couch grabs on and takes to the air, landing with a crash, ripping line through your rod guides quicker than a striking snake.
On prime days, when the boat is anchored and fish are feeding carelessly on the surface in the same spot, dropping a fly in their midst isn't so difficult. Those of us who can dump a fly out there 30 or 50 feet are bound to hook up without burning up energy "blind casting" for single fish. That's why it pays to carry a fly rod in a protective tube, or secure rod holder in the boat; you never know what the day might offer. If great conditions develop, pull out the fly rod.
Our Mayan guide from Sian Kaan gently holds up a bonefish for a quick photo before release.
Becoming a proficient caster simply requires practice. You can flail away in any open space without having a fly on the end of your line. After all, it's the fly line that delivers the near-weightless fly and hook to the fish. Most fly lines are 100 feet long and tapered. Some lines sink while others float. If you're in saltwater, chances are a sinking line is best. And it will sink. I've had friends in Texas catch big red snapper on fly rods. The water depth was 45 feet and the snapper were obviously a lot closer to the surface than that. (Seeing the water "turn red" is a rare treat, meaning red snapper are so hungry, they're schooling close to the boat).
That's a rarity, however, and there are many other marine species that lend themselves more readily to fly-fishing. Tarpon and cobia on the surface, Spanish mackerel and bonito busting minnows on top, or seatrout, bonefish and redfish on the flats. And don't forget dolphin (mahi-mahi) offshore. A dolphin will eat a ham sandwich on a good day; so a colorful fly looks like pure candy...and what a fight on fly tackle!
How to get started? It happens in many different ways.
Years ago, flush with cash after winning an offshore tournament, I was advised to acquire a 9-foot, 9-weight fly rod that would cover most of the saltwater scene. It was too light for big tarpon and sailfish, but I was more interested in wading for redfish, seatrout, bonefish and the like. I picked up an appropriately sized saltwater fly reel and loaded it with sinking line.
After a little casting practice in the yard, I began having success. I've had memorable times at the end of the local jetty, with eight or nine seatrout caught in the 3-pound class, using a weightless topwater popper. Also nearly a dozen tarpon hooked in the two- and three-foot range during a single evening, fish that offered a sporty fight from slippery granite rocks. I was then able to needle Joe Doggett, outdoor writer for the Houston Chronicle (who had traveled widely and fished overseas countless times) that I had racked up a dozen tarpon hookups in a single evening with a fly rod...and there was no airline ticket involved.
Another Sian Kaan bonefish before release.
The following May, I spent a day in the boat with fly fishing guide Dick Stammers in Key West, who nailed a pair of 80-pound tarpon on only two attempts. We positioned the boat in front of each oncoming school, and Stammers stripped line onto the deck, zipped a sinking tarpon fly out about 75 feet, showing me exactly how it's done. Each fish jumped like crazy with a spirited fight, a long battle wearing the fish out, with Stammers eventually breaking the will of each fish. With another guy poling the boat, I was allowed to swim after one of those hooked tarpon, taking underwater pictures that I still treasure today.
Next morning Miss Amy and I were (amazingly) on the very same flat, poling along in a borrowed skiff. We positioned the boat just ahead of each approaching school of tarpon, and I managed to flick an offering perhaps 60 feet as the school swam into range. I fought and released a 25-pounder, and then lost an 80-pounder on the fourth jump with that magic wand. The 9-weight rod was light, didn't even have a rod butt, and my casting wasn't so great. Fortunately, the wind was calm and the sun behind us, with each school swimming straight toward us in crystal clear water. What they call "ice cream" conditions. It was a morning to remember.
Without formal casting lessons, I'm self-taught and still dismayed at casting into a head-on breeze. Some fly anglers can drive a weightless fly straight into a brisk wind, over flats sprinkled with whitecaps. That's impossible for most people, but some of these casters are practically Zen Masters at their trade.
A few pointers on fly tackle: 9-foot rods are available in at least two pieces, but a 3- or 4-piece rod is more convenient and travels more safely. Modern fly rods have smooth tapers and ferrules, so even a multi-piece rod has a fine, smooth bend. Any fly rod priced below $100 might be regarded with suspicion; however, that's a good starting price for a beginner.
Your personal style of casting is ideally determined before buying the rod. That would require a casting lesson or at least an opinion from a friend who does fly fish that can help judge your natural method of working the rod. That should help determine whether to pick a rod with slow, medium or fast action. At the very least, give the rod the "wiggle test" in the store, to judge how far the rod bends from natural action. Vibrate it back and forth, and watch the bend gradually increase. Ideally you would practice casting with a particular rod before buying it. My fly rod was bought untried in the concrete canyons of Houston, where there was nowhere to cast. The snobby salesman probably thought I was a "potlicker" for buying a horse before riding it.
As a personal preference, go for a fly rod with "snake" line guides, which are very durable compared to ring guides. Some are chrome-plated, which wears off and then corrodes. Look for titanium snake guides that won't corrode. Also, an extension-butt on the rod, just behind the reel, gives you added leverage when fighting a fish. With a big fish, you don't want to jam the reel into your gut during a long fight; that would increase your reel's drag pressure. Always go with a cork foregrip on the rod; it has a natural feel and is easy to clean.
Joe Richard is a Gainesville, Florida, writer and photographer who owns Seafavorites.com, a stock photo web site of outdoor photography.
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Science Main Index
The kiwi is a flightless birds native to New Zealand. It is an endangered species. They are an interesting looking bird with a plump body and a long bill. Kiwi are shy and usually nocturnal. The kiwi is a national symbol of New Zealand. They are so well known to the world, and representative of New Zealand, that all New Zealanders are called "Kiwis". Play the following videos to learn more about the kiwi.
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Fears and Facts about Counseling
FEAR: My problems are too vague, trivial, upsetting, or embarrassing to talk about with a counselor.
- FACT: Any concern is a valid concern. No matter how big or small your issue, caring, non-judgmental counselors are available to listen and help you work through your struggles.
FEAR: People who go to the Counseling Center are crazy, weak-willed, and/or kind of weird.
- FACT: Most people experience some emotional distress at various points in their lives, and some people seek counseling as one step in coping with this distress. Going to counseling is certainly not an indication of having a psychiatric disorder. To the contrary, this kind of choice represents a strong, splintering, courageous, mature, and responsible attitude.
FEAR: I should be strong and disciplined enough to solve problems on my own.
- FACT: Choosing to seek out counseling services when you are experiencing emotional distress reflects wisdom and courage. Professional counseling is one of the benefits available to you as a Duquesne student, so take advantage of your resources!
FEAR: Dealing with emotional issues may stir up thoughts, fears, and feelings that will interfere with my functioning as a student. Plus, I really don't have the time to devote to it.
- FACT: These possibilities must be weighed against the ongoing and potential hazards of failing to address your concerns. It is a judgment call you must make yourself, though remember that the "ideal" time to deal with your issues may never arrive.
FEAR: People will know that I went to see a counselor.
- FACT: Counseling sessions are confidential and do not become part of your academic records or transcript. Typically, the only way others would become aware of your choice to see a counselor is if you decide to tell them.
FEAR: I'm too uncomfortable to take the first steps - making an appointment and then talking with a stranger about personal matters seems kind of scary.
- FACT: That first step (phone call; appointment) is the toughest. A certain amount of discomfort is understandable. Our staff is aware of this and can help ease you through the first steps.
« Back to Personal Counseling
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Can't count sheep?
Sleep disorders are a common yet treatable problem, say Dr. S.S.K. AYYAR and Dr. SURESH KUMAR in the conclusion of a two-part article.
SLEEP is an active process essential for maintaining our mental and physical health everyday. In the article last week, we looked at the sleep cycle and sleep disorders like insomnia and the Restless leg Syndrome. This week, more examples and possible solutions are dealt with:
"Doctor, my son is obese and suffers from excessive sleepiness during the day. Even at school he falls into deep sleep for a few minutes and sometimes has to be woken up by friends or the teacher."
Narcolepsy is a disorder in which excessive daytime sleepiness occurs in the form of sleep attacks lasting a few seconds to minutes which occur during different parts of the day while watching TV, reading the newspaper while travelling, riding a cycle or driving. These naps begin with drowsiness and very soon lead to sleep and can lead to accidents at work or while driving. Other symptoms such as cataplexy (sudden loss of muscle tone) with bucking of the knee and fall or drooping of the neck which may be provoked by emotions like laughter, amusement or anger can occur. Occasionally, sleep paralysis and hallucinations (auditory, visual or tactile) may be experienced.
Recent investigations have revealed a deficiency of neurochemical substance called "hypocretin" in the hypothalamus of patients with narcolepsy which promises new therapeutic interventions.
An interesting condition related to narcolepsy is the Klein Levin syndrome, characterised by periodic hypersomnia and hyperphagia (over eating). The patient is usually a man who sleeps for nearly 20 hours a day and awakens only to eat and go to the toilet. These episodes last from three to four days to several weeks and can be compared to Kumbakarna of mythological fame. These patients are helped by stimulant drugs.
* * *
Mrs S, 47:
"Doctor, my husband snores loudly, stops breathing for a few seconds and then suddenly become restless and starts snoring again. This sequence repeats itself several hundred times during the night. He does not feel fresh in the morning and has frequent episodes of daytime sleepiness at work, while reading, watching TV or sometimes even while driving. His colleagues say that he has to be woken up frequently to continue his office work."
The condition is obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). Apnoea means cessation of airflow and respiration lasting 10-30 seconds and occuring several times during sleep. This causes disturbed nocturnal sleep with frequent awakening and excessive daytime sleepiness. OSA is due to occlusion of the upper airway at the level of the oropharynx, caused by flabby dilator and abductor muscles of the airway which collapse during inspiration. This causes progressive axphyxia leading to brief arousals from sleep when the airway patency is restored and the air flow is resumed and the patient goes to sleep. This sequence is repeated 400 to 500 times per night resulting in gross fragmentation of sleep and loss of slow wave sleep.
* * *
Ms. M, 26, software professional:
"Doctor, I suffer from terrible dreams which wake me up and frighten me and then disturb my sleep. My mother has noticed that I get up and walk in my sleep, which I am not aware of."
The description is suggestive of Parasomnia. It refers to episodic physical phenomena that arise or occurs during sleep. In the condition called REM sleep behaviour disorder, mainly affecting middle-aged and older men, agitated and violent behaviour occurs during sleep with sometimes causes injury to the patient or the bed partner. On awakening, the patient has a vivid, but unpleasant, dream imagery.
Sleep walking occurs in NREM sleep stage IV and consists of complex behaviour followed by sleep walking. This is more common in children than in adults, boys more than girls. There is partial or total amnesia for the event.
In the condition called sleep terrors, inability to move the limbs and hallucinations occur; the patient manifests terror behaviour with perspiration, screaming, body movements and urination or defecation. Sleep bruxism is forceful grinding of the teeth during sleep and about which the subject is unaware. It can occur under severe stress. Sleep enuresis or bed wetting at night is normal up to the age of five to six years but may persist in adolescents and rarely into adulthood. Bladder training exercises, behaviour therapy and certain drugs are useful. However it is essential to investigate the patient for urinary tract infections, nocturnal epilepsy, sleep apnoea or cauda equina lesions. Nocturnal head banging, sleep talking and nocturnal leg cramps are other rare forms of parasomnia.
Sleep disorders (medical disorders of sleep) are eminently treatable conditions. It is necessary for our country to gather data on sleep disorders, create expertise, study them and adopt appropriate therapeutic and preventive strategies.
How to sleep well
Get up about the same time every day.
Go to bed only when sleepy.
Create an environment conducive to sleep
Avoid noise, light and vigorous exercise which may disturb sleep onset or sleep maintenance.
Exercise regularly. Confine vigorous exercise to at least six hours before bedtime and do simple exercises such as stretching or walking four hours prior to bedtime.
Follow a regular schedule for meals, medications, chores, and other activities.
Develop relaxing pre-sleep rituals such as having a warm bath and a light bedtime snack, listening to soft music or 10 minutes of reading.
Avoid seeing adventure movies, having arguments and smoking close to bedtime
Have food containing tryptophan (wheat germ, cottage cheese, milk, eggs, almonds, avocado) which increase the level of serotonin and promote sleep.
Avoid ingestion of caffeine within six hours of bedtime.
Don't drink alcohol, especially when sleepy. Even a small dose of alcohol can have a potent effect on a person who is tired.
Avoid sleeping pills. Most doctors avoid prescribing them for periods longer than three weeks.
The first part of this article appeared in The Hindu, Sunday Magazine, issue dated January 12, 2003.
Send this article to Friends by
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Egypt women’s rights official battles Islamists she says will roll back rights
The head of Egypt’s state council for women has accused resurgent Islamists of seeking to roll back female rights on such issues as divorce and custody and undermine the council as a discredited remnant of the Hosni Mubarak era.
“They are trying to take away rights that women attained in compliance with Islamic sharia,” said Mervat Tallawy, head of the National Council for Women, adding that criticism of the council was an attempt to erode female rights.
The Muslim Brotherhood, whose Freedom and Justice Party (FJP) dominates parliament, has dismissed the council as an institution that was “a weapon of the former regime to break up and destroy families” in a statement on its website.
Association with ousted leader Mubarak and his first lady Suzanne, an outspoken but disputed advocate of their cause, has made it harder for women’s rights campaigners to counter what they see as a threat from newly empowered Islamists.
Tallawy, named to head the council in February by the army-backed interim government, accused the FJP of smearing the council by depicting it as a tool of Mubarak’s administration used to further foreign interests.
“They do not want a national institution for women,” Tallawy told Reuters in an interview. “They have said that the international (women’s) agreements are imperialistic and part of a foreign agenda.”
The council was founded by presidential decree in 2000 and was overseen by Suzanne Mubarak until her husband’s overthrow in a popular uprising in February 2011.
Its role is to propose public policies on women and implement international agreements that Egypt has joined such as the United Nations Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW), which Egypt ratified in 1981.
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Jag är personligen allergisk mot hala slänten-argument om att det definitivt kommer att bli mycket värre. Därför njöt jag av att läsa kapitlet "Why suicide bombers should buy life insurance" i boken Superfreakonomics. Särskilt två stycken i boken fastnade lite extra. Det första stycket handlade om terroristbekämpning och följer:
"The probability that an average American will die in a given year from a terrorist
attack is roughly 1 in 5 million. He is 575 times more likely to commit suicide.
Consider the less obvious costs, too, like the loss of time and liberty. Think about the last time you went through an airport security line and were forced to remove your shoes, shuffle through the metal detector in stocking feet, and then hobble about while gathering up your belongings.
The beauty of terrorism, if you’re a terrorist, is that you can succeed even by failing. We perform this shoe routine thanks to a bumbling British national named Richard Reid, who, even though he couldn’t ignite his shoe bomb, exacted a huge price. Let’s say it takes an average of one minute to remove and replace your shoes in the airport security line. In the United States alone, this procedure happens roughly 560 million times per year. Five hundred and sixty million minutes equals more than 1,065 years, which, divided by 77.8 years (the average U.S. life expectancy at birth), yields a total of nearly 14 person-lives. So even though Richard Reid failed to kill a single person, he levied a tax that is the time equivalent of 14 lives per year.
The direct costs of the September 11 attacks were massive, nearly three thousand lives and economic losses as high as $300 billion, as were the costs of the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq that the United States launched in response. But consider the collateral costs as well. In just the three months following the attacks, there were one thousand extra traffic deaths in the United States. Why?
One contributing factor is that people stopped flying and drove instead. Per mile, drivingis much more dangerous than flying. Interestingly, however, the data show that most of these extra traffic deaths occurred not on interstates but on local roads, and they were concentrated in the Northeast, close to the terrorist attacks. Furthermore, these fatalities were more likely than usual to involve drunken and reckless driving. These facts, along with myriad psychological studies of terrorism’s aftereffects, suggest that the September 11 attacks led to a spike in alcohol abuse and post-traumatic stress that translated into, among other things, extra driving deaths.
Such trickle-down effects are nearly endless. Thousands of foreign-born university students and professors were kept out of the United States because of new visa restrictions after the September 11 attacks. At least 140 U.S. corporations exploited the ensuing stock-market decline by illegally backdating stock options. In New York City, so many police resources were shifted to terrorism that other areas, the Cold Case Squad, for one, as well as anti-Mafia units, were neglected. A similar pattern was repeated on the national level. Money and manpower that otherwise would have been spent chasing financial scoundrels were instead diverted to chasing terrorists, perhaps contributing to, or at least exacerbating, the recent financial meltdown."
Det andra stycket handlade om effektiviteten och priset av att jaga terrorister med data mining. D.v.s. att du hittar gemensamma faktorer vad gäller t.ex. civilstånd, bostad, bankvanor, matvanor o.s.v. och använder register för att hitta de som passar in på sociogrammet. Det följer:
"Let’s say, however, you could develop a banking algorithm that was 99 percent accurate. We’ll assume the United Kingdom has 500 terrorists. The algorithm would correctly identify 495 of them, or 99 percent. But there are roughly 50 million adults in the United Kingdom who have nothing to do with terrorism, and the algorithm would also wrongly identify 1 percent of them, or 500,000 people. At the end of the day, this wonderful, 99-percent-accurate algorithm spits out too many false positives, half a million people who would be rightly indignant when they were hauled in by the authorities on suspicion of terrorism.
Nor, of course, could the authorities handle the workload."
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Jesus journeyed to a city called Nain,
and his disciples and a large crowd accompanied him.
As he drew near to the gate of the city,
a man who had died was being carried out,
the only son of his mother, and she was a widow.
A large crowd from the city was with her.
When the Lord saw her,
he was moved with pity for her and said to her,
“Do not weep.”
He stepped forward and touched the coffin;
at this the bearers halted,
and he said, “Young man, I tell you, arise!”
The dead man sat up and began to speak,
and Jesus gave him to his mother.
Fear seized them all, and they glorified God, exclaiming,
“A great prophet has arisen in our midst,” and
“God has visited his people.”
This report about him spread through the whole of Judea
and in all the surrounding region.
I tend to pay attention to words in the Gospel of Luke. There are some interesting parallels here that might help mourners feel more connected to the Lord. Jesus and the dead man were both only sons of widows. They each have the verb arise (egerthe) applied to them, which is also applied to the resurrection. In Jesus’ case, the rising is from the midst of the people. We know, as did Luke’s listeners, that Jesus will, like the man, rise from the dead, and will begin/continue to speak. And this Word, as we know from history, will spread through “all the surrounding region” and beyond.
Human beings experience death literally. We also experience death in our wants and needs–our need especially for a Savior, the “great prophet” acclaimed in the reading here. This reading is rarely used in funerals. But it engages a message of hope beyond the example of Jesus’ healing power. Just as Jesus and man shared common experiences, so we too, as brothers and sisters of the Lord, will share in his resurrection. If we know of the faith of our loved one, we can have confidence that like Jesus, she or he too will be raised.
And what is our response as believers? It may be difficult for those burdened by grief, but the bystanders praised God. Our hearts may not be totally engaged in that, but we can do less than rely on the worship of the Church, and glorify God, as we deepen our understanding of the loss of a precious loved one.
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By Geoffrey A. Fowler
Internet futurist Mary Meeker looked into her crystal ball at the Web 2.0 Summit in San Francisco on Tuesday. And the future is looking mighty mobile.
Meeker, who joined venture-capital firm Kleiner Perkins from Morgan Stanley last year, highlighted 11 trends in her presentation (linked here), and at least half of them related to mobile services –changing the way we drive, shop, and get ads.
In the last 20 years, America has witnessed the breakthrough of two new communications technologies – Internet and mobile Internet – even amid two recessions, she said.
Thanks largely to design work by Apple, we can now interact with mobile computing devices with touch and sound, she said.
The “next big thing” in Internet is going to be “those two big things on the side of your head” – aka ears. Mobile services will have the ability to fill the “white space” in our lives by speaking with us — and being spoken to.
“Sound is going to be bigger than video … ‘Record’ is the new QWERTY,” she said, quoting Alexander Ljung, the founder of music service SoundCloud.
She pointed, for example, to a Kleiner-backed Israeli company called Waze, which offers driving navigation help via the phone, which she said is used by 10% of Tel Aviv drivers.
And when people look back in 50 years, the “mega-trend” of the 21st century, she said, will be the “empowerment of people via connected mobile devices.”
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UAB. Unit Accreditation Board.
Unit. The college, school, department, or other administrative body in colleges, universities, or other organizations with the responsibility for managing or coordinating all programs offered for the initial and advanced preparation of teachers and other school professionals, regardless of where these programs are administratively housed in an institution. Also known as the "professional education unit." The professional education unit must include in its accreditation review all programs offered by the institution for the purpose of preparing teachers and other school professionals to work in pre-kindergarten through twelfth grade settings.
Unit Head. The individual officially designated to provide leadership for the unit (e.g., dean, director, or chair), with the authority and responsibility for its overall administration and operation.
Unit Operations. Activities undertaken by the unit pertaining to governance, planning, budget, personnel, facili¬ties, services and procedures such as advising and admission, and resources that support the unit's mission in pre-paring candidates.
Unit Review. The process by which NCATE applies national standards for the preparation of school personnel to the unit.
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The Supreme Court`s affirmative action decision could lead to a flurry of lawsuits challenging South Florida employment practices and reversing equality gains, observers say.
``The employer has to decide who they want to be sued by,`` said Roosevelt Walters, president of the Fort Lauderdale branch of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People. ``Do they want to be sued by the NAACP or do they want to be sued by a white male. Either way they are subject to be sued.``
The decision may throw several court-ordered hiring programs for municipal governments into chaos.
In Palm Beach County, for example, a team of lawyers affiliated with the American Civil Liberties Union, waged a successful class-action suit against the Fire-Rescue Department for some of hiring its practices.
``It certainly makes it absolutely clear that white firefighters would have standing to attack the decree,`` said Lynn Szymoniak, one of the ACLU lawyers.
Szymoniak called the Supreme Court decisions on Monday and last week ``frightening`` and said, ``If I were a civil rights lawyer, I`d be polishing up my personal injury skills. These are bad decisions.``
The Palm Beach suit stemmed from a written test, which the county acknowledged adversely affected black applicants` chances, and from the county`s record in hiring black firefighters. Of 431 county firefighters, four were black.
In Miami, the Supreme Court`s ruling might affect an affirmative action lawsuit against the city filed by the 650-member Miami Association of Firefighters.
The association is suing to have promotions granted on the basis of merit. Don Teems, the association president, said his group`s suit has the support of non-Latin whites, Hispanics and women firefighters.
Blacks in the group oppose the suit because they want to keep affirmative action, Teems said.
Through a court-ordered decree Fort Lauderdale and Pompano Beach has worked to hire enough minorities and women to represent those cities` populations.
``We`ve kind of hidden behind it. It`s been kind of a useful thing to have,`` said Janice Holland, Pompano Beach`s personnel director.
Because of Monday`s decision in the Birmingham, Ala., case, consent decrees and court-ordered programs now may face reverse discrimination suits, experts said.
Key administrators in North Lauderdale and Tamarac said the decision would not change the way they do business, while lawyers had mixed views on the rulings.
Peter Hurtgen, a partner at Morgan Lewis & Bockius in Miami, said the decision ``reflects a continuing concern by a growing number of justices that the laudable efforts to rectify workplace discrimination have been overdone.``
But Ted Klein, a Miami lawyer and member of the ACLU said the Supreme Court`s decisions were ``part of the chipping away process`` against civil rights in the United States that took so long to achieve.
Still, Klein said that he thinks most employers will not seize upon the Supreme Court`s trend to relax past civil rights standards.
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Southern Ocean sperm whales are an unexpected ally in the fight against global warming, removing the equivalent carbon emissions from 40,000 cars each year thanks to their faeces, a study found on Wednesday.
The cetaceans have been previously fingered as climate culprits because they breathe out carbon dioxide (CO2), the commonest greenhouse gas.
But this is only a part of the picture, according to the paper, published in the British journal Proceedings of the Royal Society B.
In a heroic calculation, Australian biologists estimated that the estimated 12,000 sperm whales in the Southern Ocean each defecate around 50 tonnes of iron into the sea every year after digesting the fish and squid they hunt.
The iron is a terrific food for phytoplankton -- marine plants that live near the ocean surface and which suck up CO2 from the atmosphere through photosynthesis.
As a result of faecal fertilisation, the whales remove 400,000 tonnes of carbon each year, twice as much as the 200,000 tonnes of CO2 that they contribute through respiration.
By way of comparison, 200,000 tonnes of CO2 is equal to the emissions of almost 40,000 passenger cars, according to an equation on the website of the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
The whales' faeces are so effective because they are emitted in liquid form and close to the surface, before the mammals dive, said the paper.
Industrialised whaling not only gravely threatened Southern Ocean sperm whales, it also damaged a major carbon "sink," the scientific term for something that removes more greenhouse gases than it produces, it added.
Before industrial whaling, the population of this species was about 10 times bigger, which meant around two million tonnes of CO2 were removed annually, said the paper.
The Southern Ocean is rich in nitrogen but poor in iron, which is essential for phytoplankton.
The scientists suspect that because sperm whales cluster in specific areas of the Southern Ocean there is a clear link between food availability and cetacean faeces.
This could explain the "krill paradox," they believe. Researchers have previously found that when balleen whales are killed, the amount of krill in that sea area declines, which thus affects the entire food chain.
The study is lead-authored by Trish Lavery of the School of Biological Sciences at Flinders University in Adelaide.
The EPA's website, on the basis of a calculation made in 2005, says that a passenger car that is driven for 20,000 kilometers (12,000 miles) a year yields annual emissions in CO2 or its equivalent of just over five tonnes.
The future of sperm whales and other species comes under scrutiny next week in Agadir, Morocco, where the International Whaling Commission (IWC) discusses a plan to relax a 24-year moratorium on commercial whaling.
Explore further: Bold action, big money needed to curb Asia floods
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Perhaps it is nothing.
The 9/11 Commission Final Report did not mention it.
The FBI investigated it and interviewed many people, several different times. FBI officials never contested the media reports, nor did it ever release any findings of its investigation publicly.
Perhaps it was not important enough to warrant a note or comment ….. perhaps it is.
During the 10 year anniversary of the attacks, ABC brought us the first-in-a-long-time mainstream news report of the mystery:
The Anti-Empire Report
August 4th, 2010
by William Blum
So please tell me again: What's the war about?
When facts are inconvenient, when international law, human rights and history get in the way, when war crimes can't easily be justified or explained away, when logic doesn't help much, the current crop of American political leaders turns to what is now the old reliable: 9/11. We have to fight in Afghanistan because ... somehow ... it's tied into what happened on September 11, 2001. Here's Vice-President Joe Biden: "We know that it was from the space that joins Afghanistan and Pakistan that the attacks of 9/11 occurred." 1
Here's Sen. Lindsay Graham (R-SC): "This is the place [Afghanistan] we were attacked from 9/11." 2
Rep. Mike Pence, the third-ranking House Republican, asserted that the revelations in the Wikileaks documents do not change his view of the Afghan conflict, nor does he expect a shift in public opinion. "Back home in Indiana, people still remember where the attacks on 9/11 came from." 3
Senator Joe Biden interviewed on CBS, September 14th, 2001 at 7:09am, regarding his meeting with the Pakistani ISI chief the day before.
by Jeremy Rothe-Kushel and Bruno Bruhwiler, WeAreChangeLA
May 15, 2009, Los Angeles, CA - Vice President Joseph Biden and LA Mayor Antonio Villaraigosa took a tour of a community housing project of the Esperanza Community Housing Corp.
Jeremy Rothe-Kushel and Bruno Bruhwiler of WACLA Media sat among other members of the local press in the glaring sun in wait for the press conference scheduled to begin after the Vice President and the Mayor toured one of the buildings renovated by the Esperanza Community Housing Corporation. Secret Service officers were present in abundance in the 10' wide corridor where we were crammed behind residents of the renovated apartment complex. All of us were in close quarters with each other for at least one hour, and we all developed a courteous and jovial relationship with each other. The folks from Fox News were the most vocal, and they were not shy about their dislike for Biden and Obama. Later it turned out that one of the Fox reporters had a hot and healthy obsession with asking the Vice President about Karl Rove. One woman, an admittedly former journalist turned passionate advocate, claimed that although we were sitting in the scorching sun, our current position would probably be envied by most everyone in the rest of the country. It was not entirely clear whether she was referring to the Southern California weather or our proximity to a representative of the Hope and Change Administration™.
Ever wonder about that secure, undisclosed location where Dick Cheney secreted himself after the 9/11 attacks? Joe Biden reveals the bunker-like room is at the Naval Observatory in Washington, where Cheney lived for eight years and which is now home to Biden. The veep related the story to his head-table dinner mates when he filled in for President Obama at the Gridiron Club earlier this year. He said the young naval officer giving him a tour of the residence showed him the hideaway, which is behind a massive steel door secured by an elaborate lock with a narrow connecting hallway lined with shelves filled with communications equipment. The officer explained that when Cheney was in lock down, this was where his most trusted aides were stationed, an image that Biden conveyed in a way that suggested we shouldn’t be surprised that the policies that emerged were off the wall.
9/11 Accomplices vie for US Presidency
Obama and McCain campaigns fan "war on terrorism" hysteria
By Larry Chin
Global Research, September 7, 2008
In his much-ballyhooed acceptance speech, Barack Obama declared that he would "finish the fight against the terrorists who actually attacked us on 9/11". If Obama wishes to be true to his promise, he could begin with his own running mate, Senator Joe Biden.
Biden and the ISI chief
Biden was one of several top Washington officials who met with Lieutenant General Mahmoud Ahmad, the head of Pakistan’s Inter Services Intelligence (ISI) on and around September 11, 2001.
The ISI is a foreign branch of the CIA. "Al-Qaeda" is a covert operation that is managed by Anglo-American military-intelligence. Ahmad, the "9/11 money man" who delivered funds to alleged lead suicide hijacker Mohammed Atta prior to the attacks, met personally with Biden on September 13, 2001.
The following question was submitted to the 9/11 Commission by the 9/11 Family Steering Committee.
Why did Mahmood Ahmed, Director of Pakistan's secret service, the (ISI) order Saeed Sheikh to wire $100,000 to hijacker Mohamed Atta?
The 9/11 Commission also presumably heard about Lt. Gen. Ahmed from FBI Whistle-blower Sibel Edmonds during her 3 1/2 hours of testimony. At the insistence of the families. They may have also heard of Lt. Gen. Ahmed during a meeting with the Pakistani ISI. The 9/11 Commission did not answer the families' question, and did not mention Lt. General Mahmood Ahmed in their report even though they were mandated to give a "full and complete accounting" of the 9/11 attacks.
Were you aware of his alleged activities? If you weren't aware of these activities at the time of your meeting, did you hear of them afterwards? Did you make any effort to expose them? If so, who did you inform of your intention to expose these activities?
Will you support an entirely new investigation into the 9/11 attacks?
These questions, and many more should be answered by Barack Obama's Vice Presidential running mate.
Monday, June 18, 2007
Infowars reporter Luke Rudkowski from wearechange.org has released video taken at the recent Democratic debates in New Hampshire showing his team confronting leading Democrats Joe Biden and Bill Richardson in addition to David Gergen, the former adviser to Bill Clinton.
"We Are Change group questions Senator on details of confab with Pakistani general.
Presidential candidate Senator Joe Biden admitted meeting with the chief financier of the 9/11 hijackers in the days after September 11 after being confronted by We Are Change founder Luke Rudkowski in the press room following Sunday’s Democratic debate in New Hampshire.
According to the FBI and as confirmed by various news reports at the time , Pakistani ISI General Mahmoud Ahmad instructed Omar Saeed Sheikh, the alleged assassin of Daniel Pearl, to wire $100,000 to alleged lead hijacker Mohammed Atta in the summer of 2001.
Arriving exactly one week before 9/11, the general met with Pentagon, White House National Security Council and CIA officials, including George Tenet and Marc Grossman, then U.S. Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs.
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1 March 1954 - Castle Bravo
1 March 1954 marks one of the most serious nuclear fallout incidents in history. On this day, the United States conducted its largest ever nuclear weapon test, code-named Castle Bravo, at the Bikini Atoll in the Marshall Islands. Bravo was part of Operation Castle, a nuclear test series designed to develop an aircraft-deliverable thermonuclear weapon. Due to a design error, the explosion reached a yield of 15 megatons, making it two and a half times larger than expected and more than 1,000 times as powerful as the Hiroshima bomb.
Radioactive fallout from the test spread over more than 11,000 square kilometres. Traces of radioactive material were detected in Australia, India, Japan, the United States and Europe. The Bikini population had been relocated to other atolls prior to the start of the U.S. nuclear testing programme in the Pacific with the Able test in 1946. Due to the unfavourable weather conditions in which the Bravo test had been conducted, the fallout also affected the inhabited atolls of Rongelap, Utrik and others.
A yellow flash poured through the porthole. Wondering what had happened, I jumped up from the bunk near the door, ran out on deck, and was astonished. Bridge, sky, and sea burst into view, painted in flaming sunset colors. I looked around in a daze; I was totally at a loss.Oishi Matashichi, fisherman aboard The Lucky Dragon #5
In addition, radioactive fallout heavily contaminated the Japanese fishing vessel “Lucky Dragon #5”, which was sailing some 145 kilometres downwind from ground zero. The 23 Japanese fishermen aboard suffered from radiation poisoning and one crew member died shortly after. The incident resulted in a diplomatic crisis between Japan and the United States and gave rise to international criticism of nuclear testing. A few weeks after the test, Indian Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru advocated a “standstill agreement” on nuclear testing (see chapter Early Efforts to Restrain Nuclear Testing).
Approximately five hours after detonation, it began to rain radioactive fallout at Rongelap. Within hours, the atoll was covered with a fine, white, powdered-like substance. No one knew it was radioactive fallout. (…) The children played in the snow. They ate it.Senator Jeton Anjain on behalf of the Rongelap Atoll Local Government
U.S. testing in the Marshall Islands has had long-term effects on health and the environment. A medical report (PDF) compiled by the National Institute of Health, Maryland, and the Brookhaven National Laboratory, New York, found that the development of thyroid diseases has been the major late effect of radiation exposure of the Marshallese people. In 1972, the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission declared (PDF) the islands had seen a “remarkable recovery” and more than 100 people moved back to Bikini. However, laboratory tests in 1978 indicated that unacceptably high levels of radiation remained on the atoll and Bikini was evacuated again. In 1997, the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) concluded that Bikini “should not be permanently resettled under the present radiological conditions.”
During the second and third decades after the accident, most of the Rongelap children and many adults developed thyroid nodules, some of which proved to be malignant.National Institute of Health, Maryland, and Brookhaven National Lab, NY
In 1964, the U.S. government appropriated funds to compensate Marshallese people who were exposed to fallout from its testing programme and in 1988 the Marshall Islands Nuclear Claims Tribunal was established to represent the interests of those affected. Claiming the compensation schemes to be inadequate, Bikini Islanders have taken legal action. In 2010, the U.S. Supreme Court declined to hear any new cases in pursuit of more compensation.
The United States carried out 67 nuclear weapon tests in the Pacific Ocean between 1946 and 1958 and a total of 1,032 nuclear tests overall. In 1996, the United States was the first country to sign the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT) that bans all kinds of nuclear explosions, everywhere. However, it has yet to ratify the Treaty, a step that is mandatory for the CTBT to become global law.
Declassified U.S. nuclear test film on the Operation Castle:
- Nuclear Weapon Archive
- Video: Operation CASTLE Commander's Report 1954 (Internet Archives) (20:28)
- Embassy of the Republic of the Marshall Islands, Washington D.C.
- Statement of Senator Jeton Anjain on behalf of the Rongelap Atoll Local Government before the Subcommitee on Insular and International Affairs Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs, Washington D.C. (United States Department of Energy) (PDF)
- Marshall Islands Observes Nuclear Survivors Remembrance Day (Yokwe online)
- Activists call for end to nuclear power 58 years after Bikini incident (The Mainichi Daily News)
- Take Action: Stop Thursday's Nuclear Missile Test (Nuclear Age Peace Foundation)
Next Infamous Anniversary:
18 April - the U.S. 'Badger' test irradiates troops and civilians
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The Kalevala, by John Martin Crawford, , at sacred-texts.com
Now I end my measured singing,
Bid my weary tongue keep silence,
Leave my songs to other singers.
Horses have their times of resting
After many hours of labor;
Even sickles will grow weary
When they have been long at reaping;
Waters seek a quiet haven
After running long in rivers;
Fire subsides and sinks in slumber
At the dawning of the morning
Therefore I should end my singing,
As my song is growing weary,
For the pleasure of the evening,
For the joy of morn arising.
Often I have heard it chanted,
Often heard the words repeated:
"Worthy cataracts and rivers
Never empty all their waters."
Thus the wise and worthy singer
Sings not all his garnered wisdom;
Better leave unsung some sayings
Than to sing them out of season.
Thus beginning, and thus ending,
Do I roll up all my legends,
Roll them in a ball for safety,
In my memory arrange them,
In their narrow place of resting,
Lest the songs escape unheeded,
While the lock is still unopened,
While the teeth remain unparted,
And the weary tongue is silent.
Why should I sing other legends,
Chant them in the glen and forest,
Sing them on the hill and heather?
Cold and still my golden mother
Lies beneath the meadow, sleeping,
Hears my ancient songs no longer,
Cannot listen to my singing;
Only will the forest listen,
Sacred birches, sighing pine-trees,
Junipers endowed with kindness,
Alder-trees that love to bear me,
With the aspens and the willows.
When my loving mother left me,
Young was I, and low of stature;
Like the cuckoo of the forest,
Like the thrush upon the heather,
Like the lark I learned to twitter,
Learned to sing my simple measures,
Guided by a second mother,
Stern and cold, without affection;
Drove me helpless from my chamber
To the wind-side of her dwelling,
To the north-side of her cottage,
Where the chilling winds in mercy
Carried off the unprotected.
As a lark I learned to wander,
Wander as a lonely song-bird,
Through the forests and the fenlands
Quietly o'er hill and heather;
Walked in pain about the marshes,
Learned the songs of winds and waters,
Learned the music of the ocean,
And the echoes of the woodlands.
Many men that live to murmur,
Many women live to censure,
Many speak with evil motives;
Many they with wretched voices
Curse me for my wretched singing,
Blame my tongue for speaking wisdom,
Call my ancient songs unworthy,
Blame the songs and curse the singer.
Be not thus, my worthy people,
Blame me not for singing badly,
Unpretending as a minstrel.
I have never had the teaching,
Never lived with ancient heroes,
Never learned the tongues of strangers,
Never claimed to know much wisdom.
Others have had language-masters,
Nature was my only teacher,
Woods and waters my instructors.
Homeless, friendless, lone, and needy,
Save in childhood with my mother,
When beneath her painted rafters,
Where she twirled the flying spindle,
By the work-bench of my brother,
By the window of my sister,
In. the cabin of my father,
In my early days of childhood.
Be this as it may, my people,
This may point the way to others,
To the singers better gifted,
For the good of future ages,
For the coming generations,
For the rising folk of Suomi.
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the environment has become a dumping ground for toxins, chemicals, and
widespread pollution. The water we drink is so contaminated, many are
afraid to drink unbottled water. The air we breathe is tainted with ammonia,
methane, and carbon monoxide.
Raising animals for food is one of the leading causes of pollution
and resource depletion today. Vegetarian eating helps protect the
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24 August 2005
More than 10,000 volunteers recently helped clean up Syria’s coastline as part of a national campaign to protect the country’s coasts and promote volunteerism.
Organized by the local government and volunteer-involving organizations, the volunteers picked up garbage on the entire Syrian coast – some 175 kilometres – from Lebanon in the south to the Turkish border in the north of the country.
Volunteers also participated in the government’s environmental awareness programme that informs the public about the danger garbage poses to marine life. For example, clear plastic bags floating in the water can be mistaken for jellyfish and eaten by turtles, fish, or dolphins. Fish and other marine animals and birds become entangled in fishing line, nets or six-pack rings. Styrofoam eventually breaks up into small pellets that are mistaken for eggs and eaten.
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The first wife of Ahasuerus (Xerxes I, reigned 485–465 B.C.E.), the king of Persia, Vashti is the featured character in the first episode (thought by some scholars to come from a “Vashti” source) of the Book of Esther, a work of historical fiction of the late Persian-early Hellenistic period (fourth century b.c.e.). King Ahasuerus, in the midst of a drinking banquet with his noblemen, summons Vashti to appear before the company with her roya1 crown upon her head, so that he can show off her beauty. She refuses (her reasons are not given, although the rabbis speculated that she was summoned to appear naked), and the king, enraged, puts her away permanently, thus setting in motion the chain of events that will make the Jewish girl Esther the queen of Persia.
Vashti stands out in the Book of Esther as the only woman who directly disobeys an order from a man. This makes her admirable to some modern readers, although the results of her disobedience are not particularly desirable. Not only is Vashti banished, but also a decree requires all women to honor (and obey?) their husbands. However, the author’s customary irony may be at work here: Vashti does not wish to appear before the king, and her “punishment” grants her wish.
Meyers, Carol, General Editor. Women in Scripture. New York: 2000.
White, Sidnie A. “Esther.” Women’s Bible Commentary, edited by Carol A. Newsom and Sharon H. Ringe, 124–129. Kentucky: 1992.
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Dec. 5, 2011– A second group of juvenile whooping cranes was delivered Dec. 1 to White Lake Wetlands Conservation Area (WCA) in Gueydan as part of the Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries (LDWF) species’ restoration project in progress.
“Our biologists will continue their work to establish a non-migratory population of whooping cranes in coastal Louisiana to assist with this endangered species recovery effort,” said Robert Barham, LDWF Secretary.
Sixteen whooping cranes were flown to southwest Louisiana on U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) aircraft from the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Patuxent Wildlife Research Center in Laurel, Md. The White Lake location in Vermilion Parish is the site where 10 whooping cranes, the first cohort in the long-term restoration, were released in March. That group of birds marked the first presence of whooping cranes in the wild in Louisiana since 1950.
"This is an impressive project launched by the Louisiana Department of Fisheries and Wildlife to bring the whooping crane back to this part of its historic range and marks a bold step for its ultimate recovery," said Cindy Dohner, USFWS Southeast Regional Director. "We are excited about their work and proud of our partnership with Secretary Barham and his agency as we continue working together to bring this majestic bird back to Louisiana."
LDWF continues to work cooperatively with USFWS, USGS, the Louisiana Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit and the International Crane Foundation to bring the species back to the state. Project funding is derived from LDWF species restoration dedicated funds, federal grants and private/corporate donations.
"The USFWS Migratory Bird Program is honored to participate in the efforts of adding additional birds to the group of reintroduced wild whooping cranes to Louisiana." says Jerome Ford, Assistant Director,Migratory Birds Program."Our pilot biologists werethrilled to contribute by using their Kodiak planes to ensure the whooping cranes’ safearrival."
The whooping cranes Louisiana receives are designated as a non-essential, experimental population (NEP) under the provisions of the Endangered Species Act. This designation and its implementing regulation were developed to be more compatible with routine human activities in the reintroduction area.
Of the 10 cranes released in March from White Lake, three have survived and continue to be tracked by transmitter devices attached to each bird. Two cranes were killed by predators, one was euthanized due to illness, two are missing and unaccounted for and two were shot and killed on Oct. 9 in Jefferson Davis Parish. LDWF Enforcement Division agents have charged two juveniles, who were alleged to have been involved with the two crane deaths on Oct. 9, with taking non-game birds/no season.
Hunters, fishermen and anyone who spends time in the marshes and rice fields of southwest Louisiana should welcome the opportunity to see these magnificent birds. Although whooping cranes in Louisiana are considered an “experimental, non-essential population” under the Endangered Species Act, they are still protected by the Migratory Bird Treaty Act and cannot be pursued, harassed, captured or killed.
Waterfowl hunters should be accustomed to seeing large-bodied, white birds with black wing-tips, such as white ibis, white pelicans, and wood storks, which must be distinguished from the legally-hunted snow geese. Mature whooping cranes are equally identifiable as they stand five feet tall and have a wingspan of 7-8 feet. Easily identifiable characteristics of whooping cranes in flight include black wing tips and fully extended neck and legs, which extend well beyond the tail. Standing whooping cranes also exhibit the bustle of rump feathers more pronounced than other large white birds.
Anyone witnessing suspicious activity involving whooping cranes is advised to report that information to LDWF’s Enforcement Division by calling 1-800-442-251 or using the tip411 program, which may offer a cash reward for information leading to arrests or convictions. To use the tip411 program, citizens can text LADWF and their tip to 847411 or download the "LADWF Tips" iPhone app from the Apple iTunes store free of charge. CitizenObserver, the tip411 provider, uses technology that removes all identifying information before LDWF receives the text so that LDWF cannot identify the sender.
For more information on the re-introduction of whooping cranes to Louisiana, please visit www.wlf.la.gov ; or contact Sara Zimorski at email@example.com or 337-536-7292. News media outlets interested in visiting the White Lake WCA facility can contact Bo Boehringer at firstname.lastname@example.org or 225-765-5115. For photos, video footage and research documentation please visit: http://www.wlf.louisiana.gov/wildlife/whooping-cranes .
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Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Funds' 2010 and 2009 Financial Statements
GAO-11-412, Mar 18, 2011
Created in 1933 to insure bank deposits and promote sound banking practices, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) plays an important role in maintaining public confidence in the nation's financial system. FDIC administers the Deposit Insurance Fund (DIF), which protects bank and savings deposits, and the Federal Savings and Loan Insurance Corporation (FSLIC) Resolution Fund (FRF), which was created to close out the business of the former FSLIC. Section 17 of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act, as amended, requires GAO to annually audit the financial statements of the DIF and the FRF. GAO is responsible for obtaining reasonable assurance about whether FDIC's financial statements for the DIF and the FRF are presented fairly in all material respects, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, and whether FDIC maintained effective internal control over financial reporting, and for testing FDIC's compliance with selected laws and regulations.
In GAO's opinion, FDIC fairly presented, in all material respects, the 2010 and 2009 financial statements for the two funds it administers--DIF and FRF. Also, in GAO's opinion, FDIC had effective internal control over financial reporting. Further, GAO did not find any reportable instances of noncompliance with provisions of the laws and regulations it tested. The slowly recovering economy continued to challenge the soundness of many DIF-insured institutions. In 2010, 157 banks with combined assets of approximately $93 billion failed, costing the DIF an estimated $24 billion. FDIC identified additional risk that could result in up to $25 billion in further estimated losses to the DIF should potentially vulnerable insured institutions fail. FDIC continues to evaluate the risks to affected institutions and the effect of such risks on the DIF. Actual losses, if any, will largely depend on future economic conditions and could differ materially from FDIC's estimates. From January 1 through March 14, 2011, 25 institutions failed. As of December 31, 2010, the DIF had a negative fund balance of $7.4 billion, and it had a negative 0.12 percent ratio of reserves to estimated insured deposits. In contrast, at December 31, 2009, the DIF had a negative fund balance of $20.9 billion, and its ratio of reserves to estimated insured deposits was a negative 0.39 percent. The improvement in 2010 was primarily attributable to lower losses from 2010 bank failures than projected at December 31, 2009, and lower estimates of losses from anticipated failures at December 31, 2010. During 2010, FDIC continued the use of loss-share agreements with acquirers of failed institutions as a mean of both conserving the initial cash outlay and as a longer-term means of attempting to further minimize losses to the DIF. In addition to the DIF's existing resources, which include advanced assessments FDIC charged the industry in 2009, FDIC can borrow up to $100 billion each from the U.S. Treasury and the Federal Financing Bank, subject to statutory limits. The Dodd-Frank Act, enacted in July 2010, contains significant provisions related to assessments and capitalization of the DIF. Such provisions include redefining the assessment base; increasing the statutory minimum designated reserve ratio from 1.15 percent to not less than 1.35 percent; increasing the standard deposit insurance coverage from $100,000 to $250,000 and extending unlimited deposit insurance coverage for noninterest-bearing transaction accounts to the end of 2012; and authorizing FDIC to undertake enforcement actions against depository institution holding companies if their conduct or threatened conduct poses a risk of loss to the DIF. During 2010, FDIC took corrective actions that effectively resolved a material weakness in its internal control related to estimating losses on loss-share agreements and a significant deficiency in internal control related to security over its information systems, both of which GAO reported in its audit of the FDIC funds' 2009 financial statements. Nonetheless, GAO identified areas in which FDIC's internal controls could be further improved and will be reporting separately to FDIC management on these matters. GAO is not making recommendations in this report, but will be reporting separately on matters identified during its audit, along with recommendations for strengthening the corporation's internal controls. In commenting on a draft of this report, FDIC discussed its efforts to resolve the previously reported material weakness and significant deficiency, and emphasized its dedication to sound financial management.
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Furniture conservator Ray Gurney's first challenge is to strip the crocodile case back to its base wood layer.
This week Ray Gurney began the detailed work of stripping, repairing and refinishing the outside of the crocodile display case on Level 2.
It has been fascinating to watch his painstaking and detailed work as he removes the layers of painted accreted over the past 150 years to bring the case back to its original wood surface. Visitors are also enjoying watching the work and the chance to ask Ray questions about what he is doing and why.
Working at one of the ends of the case, this week the first step has been to strip the layers of paint off the wood (kauri pine apparently) and remove the remaining brass fittings. The case has 3 main paint layers -- the original black japan, a white enamel layer and a later black acrylic paint on top.
Ray strips the paint with a citrus-based stripper which he applies to the wood and then wraps in glad wrap (which slows down evaporation of the stripper). He leaves the stripper on the paintwork for up to 14 hours before scraping it off. If he had more space and wasn't in a public gallery he might have been able to use stronger chemical strippers to do the same job, but our space and OH&S restrictions are making this job a real challenge (and very slow).
For most of the case woodwork, this stripping process will have to be repeated and the wood then washed with enthanol. By now, the wood will be back to a state where it can be assessed for more detailed work. We do not plan to fully restore the case and we want it to continue to reflect its age and history, so whilst repairs will be made, not every sign of wear and tear will be removed.
More on this as the work progresses.
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Deflame.com has put together a Deflaming Guidelines pdf, and I recommend that everyone read this.
Posts Tagged ‘Diet’
Dr. Johanna Budwig Cured Cancer Naturally with Omega 3 Fatty Acids and Sulphurated Proteins.
The George Mateljan Foundation has put together a test on their World’s Healthiest Foods website called the for the Food Advisor. World’s Healthiest Foods was established by George Mateljan to share information about the benefits of a healthy diet, and to provide the personalized support individuals need to make a healthy diet enjoyable, easy, quick and affordable.
We are what we eat! Dietary fats are used to construct every cell in the body. Cell membranes are made from fatty acids and serve as a protective barrier for eachand every cell. They protect the cell from its surroundings while facilitating cell-to-cell communication. Cell membranes also serve as a reservoir for fatty acids. This reservoir of fatty acids provides precursors to powerful hormone-like moleculesthat drive the body’s immune response and can promote anti-inflammatory activity.
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Caching In on the Geocaching Fun
Hide and seek goes high-tech and the popularity continues to spread.
Last weekend I stood at 10,000 feet in Colorado and surveyed the breathtaking beauty around me. I was holding a treasure in my hands. I had hiked my lowlander lungs up the steep trail in search of a camouflaged, duck-taped geocache and at that moment it felt priceless.
For the last few years I have entered the online and outdoor realm of geocaching (pronounced geo-CASH-ing). I quickly discovered why so many people are hooked on this hobby. Imagine using million-dollar government satellites to play a worldwide game of hide and seek with thousands of other players.
Players use handheld GPS (Global Positioning System) units and specific latitude/longitude coordinates to find “caches.” A cache is a container that is camouflaged and hidden outdoors for someone to find. Coordinates and other useful search information such as the size of the container and the difficulty of the terrain are available on Geocaching.com.
The sheer volume of caches is astounding. More than 1.3 million caches exist worldwide and more than 150 are within Golden Valley according to Geocaching.com. Caches are only placed on public land or with the permission of a landowner. Chances are if there is a park or trail in your neighborhood, it has at least one cache hidden in it.
Why do people take on geocaching as a hobby? The reasons are varied:
- It’s the challenge of the hunt.
- It gets you outdoors and exploring.
- You can use technology while in nature.
- It’s inexpensive.
- All ages can geocache—alone or in a group.
Some of the lure includes not only finding the cache, but also seeing what’s inside. The cache information online lets readers know where it is, but fellow cachers often hide small toys or trinkets inside for people to trade. Geocachers live by the rule that you trade even or trade up if you remove something from the cache.
Anyone who finds or leaves a cache signs a paper log inside it, leaves a note for the cache owner or upcoming seekers and also enters the information on Geocaching.com. Logging the information helps you keep track of the caches you have found.
My personal favorite is looking for travel bugs or geocoins. These items have a trackable number on them that you enter on the geocaching site. Each time a bug or coin is left in a cache, the person who retrieves it goes online and logs in the next cache they drop the coin into. The item can travel from cache to cache all over the world and the original owner can see where it goes.
Current Golden Valley City Council member Mike Freiberg is an avid geocacher and has created a bookmark list of local caches. Freiberg has found more than 4,200 caches and said he has hidden many as well.
Golden Valley has so many caches that I could not possibly get to them all for this story, so I decided to focus my efforts on one of the most interesting and educational caches this city has to offer. Created by Freiberg (who goes by “Sparkfry” on the goecaching Website) and his partner Tom Guntzel (“K0TLG”), the “You Gotta Love Golden Valley History” is a creative multi-cache that requires that you solve clues to reach the final stop. This means that rather than hunt for one spot, sign the log and move on to a whole other cache, this hunt involves 13 stops and clues to get to the final cache.
This also is known as a puzzle cache because multiple clues are used to “solve” the puzzle that gives geocachers the final coordinates. Freiberg said that geocachers have given this area the nickname “Puzzle Valley” because of the large number of puzzle-based caches in it.
The “You Gotta Love Golden Valley History” cache hunt took me all over Golden Valley, from the General Mills headquarters to the Eloise Butler Wildflower Garden, from the oldest town tavern to an antique marker and much more.
Freiberg and Guntzel have listed several traditional (one-step) caches that are near each stage, so you can literally make this a full afternoon or a multi-day adventure.
I picked up a trackable geocoin from the cache box on my hike in Colorado and on June 28 dropped it in “You Gotta Love Golden Valley History” for another seeker to find and send on. It was picked up a day later by a family of geocachers who have since dropped it in a cache in Nebraska. The fun keeps moving on.
For all things geocaching: Geocaching.com
State group: Minnesota Geocaching Association
Videos: “Finding Your First Geocache”
Free access to GPS units: Three Rivers Park District offers GPS units on a first-come, first-serve basis for use in some of their parks, including the Clifton E. French Regional Park in nearby Plymouth.
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The Bible and Public Policy
by Jeffrey S. Siker
Mr. Siker is a Presbyterian minister in Dayton, New Jersey and working on a doctorate in New Testament studies at Princeton Theological Seminary. This article appeared in the Christian Century, February 19, 1986, p. 171. Copyright by the Christian Century Foundation and used by permission. Current articles and subscription information can be found at www.christiancentury.org. This material was prepared for Religion Online by Ted & Winnie Brock.
Several months ago a friend visited Nicaragua under the auspices of the "Witness for Peace" program. His first sermon upon returning challenged the congregation to write to the president and congressional representatives in protest of the U.S. effort to overthrow the Nicaraguan government and the U.S. support for the oppressive government in El Salvador. The text for his sermon was the story of Naboth’s vineyard in I Kings 21. He drew analogies between Ahab and the U.S. on the one hand, and Naboth and Nicaragua on the other. As one would expect, his sermon drew a lot of criticism from members of the congregation, most of whom are probably staunch Republicans. But the sermon also bothered me -- a liberal Democrat. After church I told him I had problems with his use of the Bible. "Do you mean to imply that there’s a foreign policy for the U.S. in the Bible?" I asked. "Yes!" he answered. And the debate began.
Ever since that conversation I have been increasingly wary of any appeal to the Bible as an authority for constructing public policy, foreign or domestic. To explore further the relationship between the Bible and public policy, I intend to describe how the Bible has been used in recent public-policy statements, provide a critique of that use, and finally offer some remarks about the appropriate relationship between the Bible and discussions of public policy.
The speeches of Jimmy Carter and Ronald Reagan provide an instructive contrast regarding the relationship between the Bible and public policy, especially since both presidents have been closely associated with Christian groups. For all the hoopla about President Carter’s "born-again" Christianity and his regular attendance at Sunday school (where he taught the Bible) , he rarely referred to the Bible in public. Perhaps his most celebrated use of Scripture was at the signing of the Camp David accords, where in reference to Prime Minister Menachem Begin of Israel and President Anwar Sadat of Egypt he cited the famous beatitude from Matthew 5:9, "Blessed are the peacemakers, for they shall be called sons of God." In his other speeches, he almost never referred to the Bible, even in emphasizing human rights. Thus, though Carter was as well versed in the Bible as any president in history, Scripture had very little public role in his administration.
An indication of why the Bible played so little a part in Carter’s public discussion may be detected in the text he chose to have the Bible opened to for his swearing-in ceremony. The passage was Micah 6:8: "He has showed you, O man, what is good; and what does the Lord require of you but to do justice, and to love kindness, and to walk humbly with your God?" This passage reflects Carter’s way of relating his personal faith to his role as president. It seems to point especially to the private arena of his faith. No doubt he felt guided by that faith as president, but it was not something that he sought to inject into the realm of policy debates.
This approach contrasts sharply with President Reagan’s use of the Bible. To what passage was the Bible opened for the swearing-in ceremony at his inaugurals? It was II Chronicles 7:14: "If my people who are called by my name humble themselves, and pray and seek my face, and turn from their wicked ways, then I will hear from heaven, and will forgive their sin and heal their land." This passage suggests a public, not a private, vision. It makes a public charge to the nation as God’s people, "my people who are called by my name.
In 1984 President Reagan again spoke at the National Association of Religious Broadcasters convention, where he stated: "1983 was the year more of us read the Good Book. Can we make a resolution here today: that 1984 will be the year we put its great truths into action?" Again he affirmed: "Within the covers of that single Book are all the answers to all the problems that face us today -- if only we’d read and believe" (Christianity Today, March 2, 1984, p. 38). What does it mean to put the Bible’s "great truths" into action? What are the problems for which it provides answers? Reagan went on to assert his opposition to abortion and his support of school prayer (tuition tax credits were also mentioned in his 1983 speech) He ended by quoting John 3:16, after which he received a standing ovation. In this context, then, he used the Bible to secure the support of conservative evangelicals and to link the Bible to their social-policy goals.
President Reagan has also appealed to the Bible to support fiscal and military policy. In 1985, before a group of business and trade representatives, and then before the NARB annual convention (which he hasn’t missed in three years) , he used Jesus’ parable about counting the cost of discipleship (Luke 14:31-32) to support his proposed increases in the military budget. He introduced the biblical passage by saying, "The Scriptures are on our side on this." Thus, for President Reagan, the Bible can serve as an appropriate authority for a specific policy.
The president is by no means alone in appealing to the Bible as an authority for public policy. Indeed, opponents of Reagan’s policies also appeal to Scripture. This is especially the case in liberal Christian circles, where the Bible is appealed to in support of the sanctuary movement and nuclear arms reduction, and in attacking the role of the U.S. in Central America. President Reagan’s appeals are made publicly, whereas liberal Christian appeals are usually made within the church, especially in the mainline Protestant denominations. But conservative and liberal Christians alike use the Bible in support of specific policy positions.
The overarching problem with the use of the Bible in public-policy debates is the implicit assumption by both conservative and liberal Christians that the Bible somehow addresses the U.S. as a nation. But to assume so is to misconstrue the nature of the Bible, the character of the people of God and the proper basis for public-policy discussion in a democratic society.
To use the Bible in public-policy discussion is to take for granted that somehow it is the nation’s book, that it has a legitimate claim in the public arena. While this may be an accurate account of the relationship between the Hebrew Scriptures and ancient Israel, it is not true of the relationship between the Christian Bible and the United States. When my friend preached his sermon equating Ahab with the U.S. and Naboth with Nicaragua, his critique implied that the U.S. is like ancient Israel in its covenant responsibilities to God. In doing so, he was in principle no different from Jerry Falwell, who seeks to "turn America back to God." Though his conclusions about what the U.S. should do differ from those Falwell reaches, both assume that the Bible does address U.S. policy.
And so the question must be raised: Whom does the Scripture address? Who is the intended audience? It must be stated clearly that the Bible does not address the public at large, let alone public-policy issues. Rather, it speaks to the people of God, the community of faith. It is the church’s book, the synagogue’s book, which bears witness to God’s redemptive activity in the past, present and future. As a witness to God’s activity and presence, it issues a call to faith, a call to repentance, a call to commitment and a call to be in the world but not of it.
This does not mean that the Bible provides no guidance to Christians as individuals or as a community regarding how to live in the world. It does mean that attempts to legislate public policy on the basis of Christian ethics found in the Bible are illegitimate. Attempts to do so approach idolatry by turning Christian ethics into that which it simply cannot be -- of the world. For the internal life of Christian community the Bible indeed may play a constructive role for social ethics -- bearing witness to the variety of shapes and expressions of faith among the earliest Christians. But to press the Bible beyond the bounds of Christian community is to forget that the world is not the same as the community of faith.
Those who use the Bible in public-policy discussion must implicitly assume in some way that a particular society can or should be identified with the covenant community of God. Clearly this is President Reagan’s assumption, or perhaps his hope, regarding America. This assumption clearly runs counter to the Christian understanding, expressed in the New Testament, that in Christ there is neither Jew nor Greek, slave nor free, male nor female -- and, we should add, neither black nor white, Republican nor Democrat, Russian nor American -- for all believers are one in Christ. Christian community transcends the national and social barriers we have erected. By so doing it anticipates and points to the Kingdom of God, though it does not presume to establish that kingdom in God’s stead.
Again, it must be stressed that conservative Christians are not alone in claiming that the Bible addresses public policy. Liberal Christians make the same mistake. The only difference between conservative and liberal Christian use of the Bible in public-policy discussion is the social policies they advocate and the biblical proof texts they manipulate. In neither case is the Bible used solely to encourage, challenge and edify the community of faith as it struggles to discern what it means to be the eschatological people of God who are in but not of the world.
Furthermore, to use the Bible in public-policy discussion violates the proper basis of discussion in a democratic society. Those who appeal to the "founding fathers" to justify such use need to look more carefully at those figures. Scholar Mark Noll, who has carefully examined the place of the Bible in American history and culture, concludes that "the political figures who read the Bible in private rarely, if ever, betrayed that acquaintance in public" ("The Bible in Revolutionary America," The Bible in American Law, Politics, and Political Rhetoric, edited by I. T. Johnson [Fortress, 1985], p. 43) Certainly there were devout Christians among the founding fathers and mothers of our nation, but there were probably more who would be considered "secular humanists" by the contemporary Christian right. Indeed, the individual most responsible for guaranteeing religious freedom in the U.S., Thomas Jefferson, was an avowed deist. In a 1779 preamble to a bill on religious freedom introduced in the Virginia legislature, Jefferson wrote:
Our civil rights have no dependence on our religious opinions, any more than our opinions in physics and geometry; therefore the proscribing of any citizen as unworthy of the public confidence by laying upon him an incapacity of being called to office of public trust . . . unless he profess or renounce this or that religious opinion, is depriving him injuriously of those privileges and advantages to which he has a natural right.
Christianity may be the tacit religion of the U.S., but it is not the "official" religion of the country. Those who would use Scriptures in public-policy discussion forget this, and improperly assume that the Bible can be used legitimately to address the nation. They forget that the Bible is neither the preamble to the U.S. Constitution nor an amendment to it.
When individuals do use the Bible to provide proof texts for public policy, they must be declared out of bounds by those who uphold the Constitution and by the church. Indeed, the church should stand aghast at any co-opting of its Scriptures in the realm of public-policy debate, for that is not the realm in which Scripture functions authoritatively. As Richard John Neuhaus appropriately commented regarding President Reagan’s use of Luke 14: "I think the President would be well-advised to make the argument for his military budget and strategies on the basis of public reasoning rather than invoking dubious biblical authority" (New York Times, February 6, 1985, section 4, p. 14). Public reasoning should always be the basis for public policy -- reasoning which does not find its ground in Christian or biblical positions.
It might be objected that the approach I’ve outlined leans toward a sectarian understanding of the church. To an extent this is true. The Bible could be seen as something that separates the church from society at large rather than as that which impels the church to be engaged in public-policy discussion. However, the Bible may still impel the church to be engaged in fighting for justice in the world without being appealed to in debates on public policy. Why? Because seeking justice is not an exclusively Christian position. Being a Christian does not mean that one cannot argue for justice on the basis of public reasoning.
A second objection, related to the first, is that the position advocated here might seem to bifurcate the individual into a public secular half and a private Christian half, each operating independently of the other. This is not what I am suggesting. Rather, I am proposing that it is possible for a Christian to claim the lordship of Christ over the whole of her or his life and at the same time respect another who does not make that claim. Furthermore, I suggest that one way to demonstrate this respect is by agreeing to discuss public policy on common grounds.
As Christians, we are in the world, and must act responsibly. As American Christians, we are privileged to participate in a government of, by and for the people. We must not abuse this privilege by either ignoring our responsibility or by thinking we can and should use it as an opportunity to establish God’s kingdom here and now. Rather, as Christians we too must appeal to public reason when debating public policy.
The Bible neither has nor makes any claims over public reason. It is the book of the eschatological people of God, the community of faith. In the church it plays a crucial role as a testimony to God’s presence and actions and to the human struggle to live faithfully in Christian community. But in the realm of public-policy discussion, the Bible has no place.
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Arabidopsis small nuclear RNA (snRNA)
(1) 15 major snRNAs and 2 minor snRNAs were identified experimentally. These
sequences were downloaded from GenBank, and searched against Arabidopsis genome in AtGDB and SALK T-DNA express web server.
(2) Human and Maize snRNAs were also included in the searching. Their results were compared with the above results.
majority of snRNAs were identified in MATDB before. These
snRNAS were compared with the above hits. All splicing related snRNAs from MATDB were
included in our results. Some of our hits with high eval (-10 ~ -5) were missed in MATDB.
(4)Totally 69 major snRNAs and 3 minor snRNAs were found by these methods.
Name conventions for Arabidopsis snRNA
(1) The original names were kept for all experimentally identified genes.
(2) A hyphen and a number was added to the gene name for other genes. The number was added according to the eval.
(3) If eval was higher than -20, a letter "p" was added to the end of gene name.
(4) The gene model (ATxGxxxxx)
in MATDB for some
snRNA was used as the gene's Tetative ID. If the gene has no gene model yet, a Tentative
ID was deduced from the flanking genes. If the gene model from MATDB turned out not to be
accurate, a new ID was deduced and the MATDB ID was also included.
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of years. It is the most cost-effective way to cover costs for loved ones left
behind. There are a variety of plans ranging from an annual renewable term (1-year
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*Life insurance and annuity products are not available in New York. Refer to our
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The drop in natural gas prices has delivered welcome savings to many households. But as you noted in your Nov. 18 editorial “Fighting hunger,” the decrease in Ohio food stamp allowances of $23 a month will affect some of our most vulnerable families already dealing with fragile budgets.
However, this decrease — spurred by recent decreases in natural gas costs — will not reduce the amount or levels of assistance for those who need help with home heating bills.
Help is available for families earning as much as 200 percent of the federal poverty level, or approximately $46,100 annually for a family of four.
With approximately 37 percent of Lucas County households qualifying for the Home Energy Assistance Program (HEAP), and additional funds available, there is no reason for anyone to have natural gas service interrupted this winter. Additionally, eligible households that use HEAP assistance will help stretch household budgets even further.
For every customer, low natural gas prices should help keep home heating bills manageable this winter.
For those who need and qualify for assistance, help is available. Regardless of their economic situation, Columbia Gas pledges to work with all our customers to ensure service this winter.
Manager Communications and Community Relations Columbia Gas of Ohio East Manhattan Street
Election, food aid oddly juxtaposed
After about $6 billion was spent on the presidential election, it seems odd that the first order of business our government has for 2013 is reducing food-stamp benefits.
Everyone is our neighbor; be kind
Among my neighbors are people who ride public transportation in Perrysburg (“Perrysburg leaders assess failure of levy; Transit issue loses by thin margin,” Nov. 8).
People depend on public transportation to get to the senior center, work, and doctors’ appointments. Some riders are disabled, while others are not able to drive for physical or economic reasons.
The margin of defeat was small for the levy that would have funded an alternative transportation system after Perrysburg withdrew from the Toledo Area Regional Transit Authority.
People should press city leaders for a solution to the transportation issue. The question is not “Who is my neighbor,” but “Who is not my neighbor?”
ELIZABETH PINKY EDENS
Perrysburg voters taken to task
Shame on Perrysburg residents for voting down the 1.45-mill transportation levy. It would have helped people with disabilities.
Transportation is a necessity for everyone.
MARY LOU WILHELM
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Albany ALBANY — The Georgia Department of Labor reports that the preliminary unemployment rate in the Metropolitan Albany area declined to 9.3 percent in October, down one-tenth of a percentage point from 9.4 percent in September.
The rate was 10.4 percent in October 2011. It declined over the month because the number of unemployed people dropped by 80, to 6,856 from 6,936, in September, officials from the Labor Department said.
At the same time, the preliminary unemployment rate in the Southwest Georgia region declined slightly to 8.9 percent in October, down from 9 percent in September.
The jobless rate in Southwest Georgia was 9.7 percent at the same time last year. The rate recently dropped because the number of unemployed people declined by 49, to 14,475 from 14,524, information provided by the Labor Department shows.
In a breakdown of unemployment rates for Georgia's 159 individual counties in October, Dougherty was at 10.5 percent, Lee was at 7.2 percent, Terrell was at 7.9 percent, Worth was at 8.7 percent and Baker was at 7.2 percent.
Out of 14 metro areas in Georgia, Dalton had the highest rate at 11.3 percent while Athens had the lowest rate at 6.2 percent. There were nine metro areas — including Albany — to have a decline in jobless rates, two areas that saw an increase in their jobless rates while the remaining three — Savannah, Columbus and Augusta — had rates that were unchanged for the month of October, data from the Labor Department shows.
Of 11 regions in the state, five of them — including Southwest Georgia — saw a decline. Three areas had an increase in their jobless rates while three others had a rate that was unchanged from September to October. The Heart of Georgia-Altamaha region had the highest rate in October at 11 percent while the Georgia Mountains area had the lowest rate at 7.2 percent.
Georgia's seasonally adjusted unemployment rate declined to 8.7 percent in October, which reflects a decrease of three-tenths of a percentage point from September. At this time a year ago, the jobless rate was 9.7 percent in Georgia.
Statewide, there were 3.971 million jobs in October, up 36,000, or nine-tenths of a percentage point, from 3.935 million in September. Over the year, Georgia gained 68,000 jobs from October 2011, Labor Department officials say.
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ANCHORAGE, Alaska — Polar bear cubs in Alaska’s Beaufort Sea are much less likely to survive compared to 20 years ago, probably due to melting sea ice caused by global warming, according to a new federal government study.
Published by the U.S. Geological Survey, the study estimated that only 43 percent of polar bear cubs in the southern Beaufort Sea survived their first year during the past five years, compared to a 65 percent survival rate in the late 1980s and early 1990s.
“The changes in survival of cubs are very dramatic,” said co-author Steven Amstrup, polar bear project leader for the USGS Alaska Science Center.
The falling survival rate comes as a warming climate has melted much of the sea ice off Alaska’s northern coast, limiting polar bears from hunting for food at the ice’s edge.
“The things we’re observing are consistent with a population that is undergoing nutritional stress,” said Amstrup. “We can’t say definitively it’s because of changes in the sea ice, but we don’t know what else it would be.”
Adult males getting smaller
The study of polar bears in the south Beaufort Sea, which spans the northern coasts of Alaska and western Canada, also found that adult males weigh less and have smaller skulls than those captured and measured two decades ago.
"Such changes in physical stature may suggest different impacts of reduced summer sea ice on adult male and female polar bears," the study said.
In spring, adult males often forgo foraging opportunities and focus on finding females for mating, the study said. Entering the summer in relatively poorer nutritional shape, they may be more vulnerable to summer sea ice retreat, which can separate polar bears from the most productive foraging habit, the study said.
Reduced foraging opportunity for adult females usually is first reflected in poorer survival of their young, the study said.
The study warns that the decline in cub survival and the smaller adult males are the same conditions that preceded a decline in the polar bears of western Hudson Bay, Canada, where the population dropped 22 percent in 17 years.
The report stopped short of saying the Beaufort Sea polar bear population, one of two in Alaska, had declined.
However, "significant changes in cub survival and physical stature must ultimately have population level effects," the report concluded.
The report estimates the Beaufort Sea polar bear population at 1,526, down from a previous estimate of 1,800 bears. That would be a 15 percent decline, but researchers said the current study used different methods of counting.
The Beaufort Sea bears is one of two Alaska stocks. The other is the Bering-Chukchi stock off Alaska's northwest coast, a population shared with Russia.
Petition for protected status
Advocates seeking protections for U.S. polar bears say the report proves their point.
"It's just another example of seeing all of the impacts that scientists have previously predicted coming to pass," said Kassie Siegel of the Center for Biological Diversity in Joshua Tree, Calif. Siegal is the lead author of the petition seeking to list polar bears as threatened under the Endangered Species Act.
"The Grim Reaper of global warming is now clearly killing polar bear cubs," said Deborah Williams, president of Alaska Conservation Solutions, an Anchorage-based group aimed at halting climate change. "This study should be interpreted as a cry from the North to reduce greenhouse gases."
Polar bears are classified as marine mammals because they spend much of their lives on sea ice. The listing petition claims that polar bears are threatened because of drastic declines in ocean ice due to global warming. A decision by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service on listing America's polar bears as threatened is due by Dec. 27.
Siegel said the effects of shrinking sea ice are occurring exactly as summarized by the scientists quoted in her group's listing petition.
"Only it's happening sooner than they thought," she said.
Drownings, starvation seen
Several recent observed deaths were directly related to sea ice retreat or changes in food availability associated with sea ice retreat.
In autumn 2004, four polar bears drowned trying to swim from short and distant pack ice. During winter and spring 2004, researchers recorded evidence of three polar bears hunting, killing and eating other polar bears.
Last spring, three adult females and one yearling were found dead. Three of the bears had depleted their lipid stores, an indication they had starved. The fourth, one of the adult females, was largely scavenged, and cause of death could not be determined. However, her death was unusual, the study said, because prime-age females in the past have had high survival rates.
"These anecdotal observations, in combination with both the changes in survival of young and in physical stature reported here, suggest mechanisms by which a changing sea ice environment can affect polar bear demographics and the status of populations," the report said.
The USGS study is online at pubs.water.usgs.gov/ofr20061337.
Reuters and The Associated Press contributed to this report.
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By Erin McCarthy
Some of the most powerful women in media along with pioneers of the women’s rights movement came together Wednesday night to celebrate the red-carpet premiere of the new PBS documentary “Makers : Women Who Make America.”
The documentary, narrated by Meryl Streep, traces the history of the women’s movement over the last half-century and celebrates pioneers like feminist activist Gloria Steinem and television news icon Barbara Walters. Along with the three-hour documentary, such trailblazers’ tales continue with a partner website, Makers.com. The site hosts hundreds of videos telling the individual stories of these so-called “Makers”– women known worldwide for breaking barriers, such as tennis legend Billie Jean King and former Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton, as well as everyday women and girls making a difference in their communities.
“Makers” like Gloria Steinem and others at the New York premiere said the project provided a much-needed record of women’s progress and an ever-growing library of women’s stories that future generations can look to.
“I hope and believe that people say if you can’t see it you can’t be it. So because [younger women] can see it, they can be it,” Steinem told Speakeasy at the event.
The mix of women at the project’s celebration at Lincoln Center in New York echoed those featured in the film and the digital video platform, including Katie Couric, Huffington Post founder Arianna Huffington, activist Robin Morgan, and fashion blogger Tavi Gevinson.
“Makers: Women Who Make America” premieres on PBS on February 26th, and the digital collection, where new videos will continue to be added, can be found at Makers.com.
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In the world of sports, commentators, writers and other members of the media like to throw around all sorts of overused sports terms. Since many members of the media often have a close relationship with the players, they have to choose their words carefully when they criticize them in the newspaper or on a broadcast.
Over the years, several critical sports terms have become mainstream. These politically-correct terms usually hide some type of flaw in the player’s game. Here are a few examples.
A term given often given to a mediocre quarterback who happens to play on a team with good defense and a strong running game. Typically it’s someone who throws like a girl, can’t hit receivers downfield, but rarely gets picked off. It usually takes him 20 plays to execute a scoring drive because he can’t throw the ball effectively on passes more than five yards.
The media may say something like: “The Miami Dolphins have a great running game and a solid defense. If Chad Pennington can just manage the game, I like their chances of coming out with the victory this Sunday.”
Translation: “The Dolphins have a great rushing attack and their defense may even score some points for them. If Pennington can just hand the ball off to Ronnie Brown and not throw the ball to the other team four times, then they should probably win this game 9-7.
Other example(s): Trent Dilfer was the greatest Game Manger of all-time. He led the Ravens to the Super Bowl Title in 2000, thanks to some really impressive game management. Ray Lewis also helped a bit.
A baseball term for an ineffective pitcher, who somehow manages to regularly go deep into ball games. Roy Halladay routinely throws 200 plus innings a year and leads the league in complete games but no one ever calls him an innings-eater. Why? Because he’s awesome—and great pitchers aren’t called innings-eaters.
This term is for a pitcher who usually gives up 5-6 runs a game but can give you seven innings pitched or more. You’re likely to lose the game when this guy pitches but at least the bullpen won’t be burned out for the next week.
The media may say something like: “Livan Hernandez comes into tonight’s game sporting a record of 5-11 with a 5.45 ERA. Those numbers aren’t pretty but he’s a real innings-eater for the Nationals.
Translation: “Livan Hernandez is on the mound today. He really blows and no one gets excited about this guy pitching. He’s going to give up a lot of runs, but he will manage to do it in the most effective manner possible.”
P.S. I’m aware Livan Hernandez is actually pitching pretty well this year…so far. No way that continues though.
Other example(s): Kevin Millwood, Paul Byrd
Similar to an innings-eater but he must be left-handed. Right-handers cannot be crafty. Righties are junk-ballers. A crafty lefty can barely break 85 mph on his best day. He relies on curve balls, change-ups and a little bit of luck to get batters out.
The media may say something like: “Jaime Moyer is incredible. At 47 years old he’s still able to get people out. His fastball barely breaks 80 mph but he changes speeds well, so he’s able to stay effective.”
Translation: My God Jaime Moyer throws slow! I can’t believe this guy is still pitching. How are we not hitting this guy? He’s 47 fucking years old! My kid throws harder than him! If he went to my kid’s high school tryout he would get cut on the first day!
Other example(s): Barry Zito, Kenny Rogers, Nate Robertson
This term can be applied to any team sport and it refers to a player who used to be really good but now is old and a shell of his former self—Yet he manages to hang around for years past his prime because of his name.
The media may say something like: “Ken Griffey Jr. has a lost a step in the outfield and his power numbers aren’t what they used to be but he can still provide a veteran-presence to this Seattle Mariners ballclub.”
Translation: Remember when Ken Griffey Jr. was the best player in baseball like 10 years ago? He would routinely hit 40+ homers a year and make diving plays in the outfield. Well now he’s old, can only play DH, hits .200 and falls asleep in the clubhouse— but the younger guys seems to like him and he puts fannies in the seats, so he still can provide some sort of benefit to this team; even if its not actually on the baseball field.
Other example(s): Jason Varitek, Trevor Hoffman, Shaquille O’Neal
Gritty/ Scrappy/ Gamer
All three of these terms are interchangeable and mean basically the same thing. It’s a baseball player who is white and perhaps has some facial hair. He’s not very good at baseball but he’s fast, runs hard to first base, dives for balls well out of his range and slides head-first any opportunity he gets.
The media may say something like: “Eric Byrnes’ average is down this season but he’s gamer who brings intangibles that can’t be measured by statistics,” (ball put in play) “There’s a drive down the left field line in the corner…Byrnes dives for the ball and it’s out of his reach, that’s going to be extra bases. Great effort by the scrappy Byrnes there. He looks banged up on that play but it looks like he’ll stay in the game. You’re not gonna get Byrnsie out of this game. He’s a real gamer.”
Translation: Eric Byrnes fucking sucks. In fact, he’s so bad, he’s been reduced to playing slow-pitch softball. But look at the crazy hair! And he dives for everything and slides even when there isn’t a play! Look how dirty his uniform is! Diving for balls is exciting!
Other example(s): David Eckstein, Ryan Theriot, Scott Podsednik
This is a term for a hockey player whose sole purpose is to come into the game and hit the shit out of people. He lacks the ability to shoot, pass or skate very well but he will inflict pain on anyone who comes his way.
The media may something like: “Tai Domi is in the game after the line change. Domi, has long been known for being an enforcer. He has yet to score a goal this season but he does lead the league in penalty minutes.”
Translation: Tai Domi stinks but, man, can he hit hard. He also gets into fights and is constantly in the penalty box.
Other example(s): I have no clue. I don’t really watch hockey. I only know guys who were in EA Sports NHL 95 for my Sega Genesis (hence the Tai Domi reference). Is Jeff Buekeboom still in the league?
A quarterback who’s not afraid to make the difficult throw. BRETT FAVRE. A quarterback who stares into the face of triple coverage and says “FUCK IT”—I’m gonna throw it anyway. BRETT FAVRE. A quarterback who is old, grizzly and can’t decide if he should retire or come back for one more season. BRETT FAVRE. A quarterback who single-handedly cost two different teams a shot at the Super Bowl by throwing a last-minute interception. BRETT FAVRE. A riverboat gambler. BRETT FAVRE. A guy who is just having fun out there. BRETT FAVRE.
The media may say something like: And the throw by Favre is INTERCEPTED! That’s gonna go the other way for six. You gotta love Favre’s intensity and boyish enthusiasm though. No other quarterback in the league would even attempt to make that throw! He’s a gun slinger!
Translation: Can you believe Brett Favre just tossed up the ball into double coverage when he’s backed up in his own end zone? How many picks is that now? 3? 4? I lost track.
Other examples: There is only one Gun Slinger.
You’ll notice most of my references are in football and baseball because those are the two sports I know best. If you have any others that weren’t listed, feel free to write about it in the comment section.
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Higher powered learning.sm
The child is blessed with God-given talents. It’s a challenge to help children discover, and shape those talents into lifelong passions. We offer a unique perspective—that learning achieves true value through service to others. That’s Higher powered learning.
Investing in potential
You’ve invested considerable time and energy in your children, teaching honesty, integrity, and responsibility. Our approach is designed to honor this, cultivating each child’s aptitude and aimed at maximizing potential as they face the challenges of today’s world and call of the Gospel.
Our students thrive in our inspiring, motivational atmosphere. Over 94 percent of students earn a Regents’ diploma and advance to higher education. Students benefit from the latest technologies, committed teachers and the power of a community sharing intellectual and spiritual values.
Prospective students and parents can learn why the Diocese of Albany Catholic Schools are a premier choice for an education that opens not just minds…but hearts and souls.
Looking to find a Catholic school near you? With listings by city, and links to individual school pages, our Schools page can help you determine which school is closest or may best fit your children’s educational needs.
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Thank you for your interest in living green. A new way of living and doing business has arrived in Michiana; one that creates healthy, safe, and thriving communities. By living and buying green you will be nurturing and celebrating the choices that sustain us all.
With each green step you take, you help solve our planet’s problems. When you buy Fair Trade, you ensure a fair wage for producers around the world. By choosing organic food you reduce the dangerous pesticides used on conventional crops. By making your home more energy-efficient, using public transportation or utilizing low carbon output modes of transportation such as walking, bicycling or driving hybrid automobiles, you curb climate change and create a more secure energy future.
A primary goal of the Michiana Green Pages is to connect people throughout our area. Toward this end, we highlighted four initiatives or opportunities in feature stories scattered throughout the guide. We hope you enjoy reading about them and getting to know your community better. Green living tips and ideas are once again included too.
This year we are glad to be linked to the WVPE Green Page. We hope you will become familiar with what this page has to offer, such as the Latest Green Headlines, Green Events, Sustainable Links and more. So, please dive into this edition knowing that more and more people and businesses around Michiana are joining with you to create a green way of living.
The Green Committee
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Expect President Barack Obama to use the final presidential debate Monday night to question how Governor Mitt Romney would handle foreign policy differently than his administration has and prod him over whether he would keep the country in "endless" war.
According to Obama aides, look for the president to press Romney to explain whether he'd quickly enter into a military conflict with Iran, invest U.S. resources in Syria and keep U.S. troops in Afghanistan indefinitely.
Regarding reports that the US may engage Iran in one-on-one talks about their nuclear program after the election, the White House believes it would be irresponsible to refuse to talk to Iran and then have a military conflict, an Obama administration official tells CNN. But this same aide says the president believes there's time and space for diplomacy, and sanctions are designed to pressure Iran to come back to the table.
After the fireworks at the last debate over the security situation in Benghazi and the attack on the U.S. consulate in Libya, expect that issue to be front and center Monday night as well.
Multiple administration officials have maintained all along that the president was telling the public just what he was learning about the Benghazi attack from the intelligence community. These officials say his story didn't change until the intelligence formally changed.
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Global warming has hit Mars, but the shifting winds and swirling dust that scientists theorize power climate changes there bear no relation to the heat-trapping gases that concern the people of Earth.
Researchers studying images of the Martian surface taken by generations of orbiting spacecraft have found that the planet's most prominent features have darkened and lightened in recent decades, altering the way sunlight reflects from its sandy soils, its rocky heights and its deep craters.
WARMING UP: An image of Mars' southern hemisphere from a Viking spacecraft, left, compared with a more recent image from Mars Global Surveyor shows darkening of upper latitudes over more than 20 years, helping warm the red planet.
COURTESY PAUL GEISSLER, USGS
The result, say the scientists, is that average global ground temperatures on Mars have risen by more than 1.5 degrees Fahrenheit during the past two decades, while the surface air temperature has risen by a little more than a degree in the same period.
That level of climate change, extended over a century, is well within the ballpark of the 5 degree warming trend on Earth forecast by the International Panel on Climate Change for the end of this century.
A report on Mars's warming was published Thursday in the journal Nature by Lori Fenton, a planetary geologist with the SETI Institute's Carl Sagan Center in Mountain View, Robert M. Haberle, a climate model expert at NASA's Ames Research Center, and Paul Geissler, a Mars specialist at the U.S. Geological Survey in Flagstaff, Ariz.
On Earth, Fenton says, the recent decades of increasing global temperatures have been caused by increased emissions of industrial heat-trapping gases like carbon dioxide and methane, while on Mars, it's the darkening of many surface regions that allows the sun to warm the planet.
"Albedo" is the term for a planet's ability to reflect sunlight, and Mars' overall albedo has decreased since it was first measured from 1976 to 1978 by infrared detectors aboard the two orbiting Viking spacecraft whose landers searched for Martian life.
More than 20 years later, infrared heat detectors aboard the orbiting Mars Global Surveyor measured the planet's albedo and found it had darkened significantly.
The cause, according to Fenton, is a combination of high winds that periodically scour bright sand and dust from many rocky surface regions, fierce "dust devils" similar to those that whip desert sands on Earth, and truly major dust storms like the one in 2001 that literally wrapped itself around the planet before subsiding.
The causes of global warming on Mars - still not entirely understood, Fenton said - are not only far different from those on Earth, but so are the temperatures.
According to Fenton and her colleagues, the global average ground temperature on Mars measured by Viking's instruments was about 97 degrees below zero. When Mars Global Surveyor took measurements 22 years later, it had heated to 95 degrees below zero.
Whether warming persists depends on where and how the winds whirl the sands around and change the planet's albedo from bright to dark or back again, Fenton said.
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If it gets too hot in Jamaica . . .
The NNSA announced this week that rad detection equipment is now operable at Jamaica's Port of Kingston.
The equipment was installed by the National Nuclear Security Administration as part of the Megaports Initiative. The project was done in cooperation with the U.S. Embassy in Kingston, Jamaica Customs, the Port Authority of Jamaica and the private terminal operator.
According to info distributed by NNSA, the equipment will scan all import and export containers passing through the port's Kingston Wharves Limited Terminal and can identify "dangerous nuclear and other radioactive materials."
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King James Bible
The word that came to Jeremiah from the LORD, after that Nebuzaradan the captain of the guard had let him go15 from Ramah, when he had taken2 him being bound7 in chains among all that were carried away captive of Jerusalem and Judah, which were carried away captive94 unto Babylon.
And now, behold, I loose14 thee this day from the chains which [were] upon thine hand. If it seem good 5869 unto thee to come2 with me into Babylon, come;3 and I will look well4 5869 unto thee: but if it seem ill1 5869 unto thee to come2 with me into Babylon, forbear:3 behold,3 all the land [is] before thee: whither it seemeth good and convenient 5869 for thee to go,2 thither go.3
Now while he was not yet gone back,4 [he said], Go back3 also to Gedaliah the son of Ahikam the son of Shaphan, whom the king of Babylon hath made governor52 over the cities of Judah, and dwell3 with him among the people: or go3 wheresoever it seemeth convenient 5869 unto thee to go.2 So the captain of the guard gave4 him victuals and a reward, and let him go.17
Now when all the captains of the forces which [were] in the fields, [even] they and their men, heard4 that the king of Babylon had made Gedaliah the son of Ahikam governor52 in the land, and had committed52 unto him men, and women, and children, and of the poor of the land, of them that were not carried away captive90 to Babylon;
Then they came4 to Gedaliah to Mizpah, even Ishmael the son of Nethaniah, and Johanan and Jonathan the sons of Kareah, and Seraiah the son of Tanhumeth, and the sons of Ephai the Netophathite, and Jezaniah the son of a Maachathite, they and their men.
And Gedaliah the son of Ahikam the son of Shaphan sware11 unto them and to their men, saying,2 Fear4 not to serve2 the Chaldeans: dwell3 in the land, and serve3 the king of Babylon, and it shall be well4 with you.
As for me, behold, I will dwell6 at Mizpah to serve2 6440 the Chaldeans, which will come4 unto us: but ye, gather3 ye wine, and summer fruits, and oil, and put3 [them] in your vessels, and dwell3 in your cities that ye have taken.1
Likewise when all the Jews that [were] in Moab, and among the Ammonites, 5983 and in Edom, and that [were] in all the countries, heard1 that the king of Babylon had left1 a remnant of Judah, and that he had set52 over them Gedaliah the son of Ahikam the son of Shaphan;
Then Johanan the son of Kareah spake1 to Gedaliah in Mizpah secretly, saying,2 Let me go,4 I pray thee, and I will slay55 Ishmael the son of Nethaniah, and no man shall know4 [it]: wherefore should he slay55 thee, that all the Jews which are gathered12 unto thee should be scattered,8 and the remnant in Judah perish?1
SpeedBible Software © 2001-2002 by johnhurt.com
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Varicella (Chickenpox) was, until recently, one of the most common of childhood diseases. Before there was a vaccine, almost everyone got it.
Chickenpox is caused by the varicella zoster virus (VZV).
VZV is a DNA virus and is a member of the herpesvirus group. VZV persists in sensory nerve ganglia. Primary infection with VZV results in chickenpox. Herpes zoster (shingles) is the result of recurrent infection. The virus is believed to have a short survival time in the environment.
Its most recognizable feature is an itchy rash all over the body. It also causes fever and drowsiness. It is spread from person to person through the air, by coughing, sneezing or breathing, and can also be spread by contact with fluid from the blisters.
It usually takes 2–3 weeks from the time of exposure for a person to become ill, and an infected person is contagious from 1 or 2 days before the rash appears until all the blisters are dried up, usually 4 to 5 days after.
Chickenpox is usually mild, but it occasionally causes serious problems. The blisters can become infected, and some children get encephalitis. Among infants less than 1 year old who get the disease, about 1 in 250,000 die. For older children, about 1 in 100,000 die. If a woman gets chickenpox just before or after giving birth, her baby can get very sick, and about 1 in 3 of these babies will die if not treated quickly. About 1 child in 500 who gets chickenpox is hospitalized (about 1 in 50 adults). After a person has chickenpox the virus stays in the body. Years later it can cause a painful disease called herpes zoster, or shingles.
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Spa - Rounds 7 & 8
Country: Belgium Capital: Brussels Population: 11 million Currency: Euro Language: Dutch, French, and German Climate: Mild/cool, averaging 5-20°C
Located in northern Europe between the borders of France and Germany, Belgium is home to the headquarters of the European Union, as well as a number of international organisations including NATO. The country has a complex system of governance that reflects its political history, with a number of cultural groups in existence including French, German, Dutch and Flemish speakers but is dominated by the Dutch-speaking Flanders in the North and Wallonia to the South, where French is spoken. The country was originally formed as a Roman province of Gaul in the first century BC, and has since been the subject of several territorial disputes. Belgium is now a federal state after several reforms over the last 40 years.
Spa-Francorchamps - Why Go?
Belgium has a tremendously rich artistic culture, having seen the flourishing of a number of major artistic and cultural movements over the centuries - Jan van Eyck and René Magritte being two of their most famous exports. Modern day Belgium has similar significance as the base for the headquarters of the European Union, with the European Parliament situated in Belgium's capital of Brussels. Belgium also has rich culinary traditions, and its brands of both chocolate and beer are world renowned.
Located in the South East of the country in the Wallonia region, the Ardennes forest is a spectacular location for any visit and in recent history was a key battleground in both World Wars. The neighbouring towns of Spa-Francorchamps, Malmedy and Stavelot are popular locations to stay, the latter containing a museum celebrating the circuit.
Brussels remains the main air terminal in Belgium, with Spa-Francorchamps a 90-minute drive South-East of the capital. Well connected by the A3 and then the A27 highways, there are also rail links to Spa. The Ardennes has its own microclimate and warm sunshine is just as likely as rain, so it pays to pack well! For more information on the circuit click here.
Circuit de Spa-Francorchamps
Length: 7.004 km
Renowned as one of the world's greatest racetracks, Spa-Francorchamps has been challenging drivers since before the Second World War. Located in the Ardennes forest close to the German border, the local roads and topography formed the perfect track that has been a regular on the Grand Prix circuit for decades.
Originally over eight miles long, it quickly gained a reputation as a fearsome venue, with high speed corners and little in the way of run-off culminating in essential changes in the 1970s. By the end of that decade it returned to action and the designers had managed to retain the circuit's character, whilst providing a safe environment.
Retained in that redesign was the Eau Rouge corner, a fast left-right-left combination of bends right in the compression of a valley. With race cars increasingly reliant on downforce, it built a reputation as the best corner in the world as drivers tried to take it flat in the hope of maximising top speed along the Kemmel straight. However, there is an equal challenge in Pouhon, the double left-hander in the middle of the lap and the fast sweeping section back to the pits, culminating at Blanchimont where drivers will be hoping to gain a tow leading up to the Bus Stop chicane.
The long lap and hilly terrain provides a unique challenge as it can often be raining on one side of the circuit and dry on the others. The very best drivers tend to perform well here.
Spa-Francorchamps will host rounds seven and eight of the 2012 FIA Formula Two Championship on 23-24 June.
FRIDAY 22 JUNE
11:20 - 12:05 : Free Practice 1
15:45 - 16:30 : Free Practice 2
SATURDAY 23 JUNE
09:55 - 10:25 : Qualifying 1
14:00 - 14:40 : Race 1
SUNDAY 24 JUNE
10:05 - 10:35 : Qualifying 2
14:15 - 14:55 : Race 2
(NB. All timings are local times and subject to change)
Click here to dowload the complete weekend timetable
Rounds seven and eight of the 2012 FIA Formula Two Championship take place at Spa on 23 and 24 June with races taking place on both Saturday and Sunday. A wide range of support races will also be accompanying F2. Tickets can be purchased online, and are available by clicking here.
Saturday 23 June - Race 1
(UK) Motors TV - LIVE: 12:50
(Europe) Motors TV - LIVE: 13:50
(Worldwide) www.formulatwo.com - F2TV LIVE: 12:50 (UK) 13:50
Sunday 24 June - Race 2
(UK) Motors TV - LIVE: 13:05
(Europe) Motors TV - LIVE: 14:05
(Worldwide) www.formulatwo.com - F2TV LIVE: 13:05 (UK) 14:05
All times subject to change - please check throughout the week for final listings
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Pheasant is the common name for various long-tailed birds of the family Phasianidae (order Galliformes), a group that also includes the smaller partridges and even smaller quails. Pheasants are characterized by strong sexual dimorphism, with males of most species having highly colored plumage, long tails, and wattles (fleshy growth hanging from the neck or throat). The term pheasant also is used in certain locales for similar birds, such as the closely related ruffed grouse and some species of partridge.
The term pheasant refers to those birds mainly belonging to the Phasianinae subfamily, which includes 16 genera, with genus Phasianus sometimes referred to as the 'true pheasants." Five of the genera typically utilize common names other than "pheasant": Afropavo (Congo peafowl), Pavo (peafowl), Gallus (junglefowl), Lophophorus (monals), and Tragopan (tragopans). Some of these also use the term pheasant, such as Lophophorus impejanus, which is variously known as the Himalayan monal, the impeyan monal, and the impeyan pheasant. The best-known of the pheasants is the common pheasant (Phasianus colchicus), which is widespread throughout the world in introduced feral populations and in farm operations. Various other pheasant species are popular in aviaries, such as the golden pheasant (Chrysolophus pictus). Pheasants are originally Old World birds, native to Asia, but are now found in Europe and have been introduced to North America.
Pheasants provide numerous ecological, commercial, aesthetic, sport, and nutritional values. They are important to various food chains, consuming grains, berries, and other vegetation and being consumed by foxes and other animals. In many countries, pheasant species are hunted as game, and have been commercially raised for this purpose as well as food. Nutritionally, they are a rich source of iron, protein, niacin, and other nutrients. And aesthetically, the colorful plumage of male pheasants and the unique courtship behaviors add to the human wonder of nature.
Several species are threatened by hunting and other human activities such as illegal logging and habitat loss.
The pheasant family, Phasianidae, consists of the pheasants and their allies, including quail, partridges, junglefowl, and peafowl). These are terrestrial species, variable in size but generally plump, with broad relatively short wings. Many have a spur on their legs. Males of the larger species often are brightly colored. The typical diet consists of seeds with some insects and berries.
The pheasants generally are considered birds belonging to the following genera in Phasianidae: Argusianus, Catreus, Chrysolophus, Crossoptilon, Ithaginis, Lophura, Phasianus, Polyplectron, Syrmaticus, Pucrasia, and Rheinartia. The remaining five genera in the subfamily Phasianinae are Afropavo (Congo peafowl), Pavo (peafowl), Gallus (junglefowl), Lophophorus (monals), and Tragopan (tragopans) (ITIS 2005a). Collectively, these 16 genera comprise the Phasianinae subfamily, which sometimes is considered to be the pheasant subfamily, with all members considered pheasants (ITIS 2005a).
Pheasants are characterized by wattled heads and long tails. There is a lack of feathers on the feet and lower legs. Males are usually larger than the females, and have longer tails. The males also tend to have brightly colored plumage, while the females are inconspicuously, protectively colored. Males practice elaborate courtship displays and may fight to death for the right to mate. Males play no part in rearing the young.
The common pheasant (Phasianus colchicus), otherwise known as the ring-necked pheasant or Chinese pheasant is a game bird in the pheasant family Phasianidae. They are native to Asia but have been widely introduced elsewhere, often as a game bird. The specific epithet, colchicus, refers to Colchis, a region in the Caucasus.
The adult pheasant is 50-90 centimeters (cm) in length with a long tail, often accounting for half the total length. The male (cock or rooster) has barred bright brown plumage and green, purple, and white markings, often including a white ring around the neck, and the head is green with distinctive red patches. This bird is also called the English Pheasant, or just Pheasant. The males are polygynous and are often accompanied by a harem of several females.
The nominate race P. c. colchicus lacks a white neck ring. This is, however, shown by the race ring-necked pheasant, P. c. torquatus, which after several failed attempts was successfully introduced to the United States in 1881. The sub-species epithet torquatus means "collared.
The female (hen) is much less showy, with a duller mottled brown plumage all over, similar to that of the partridge. The birds are found on wooded land and scrub. They feed on the ground on grain, leaves, and invertebrates, but roost in trees at night. They nest on the ground, producing a clutch of around ten eggs over a two-three week period in April to June. The incubation period is about 23-26 days. The chicks stay near the hen for several weeks after hatching but grow quickly, resembling adults by only 15 weeks of age.
While pheasants are able short-distance fliers, they prefer to run: but if startled they can suddenly burst upwards at great speed, with a distinctive "whirring" wing sound. Their flight speed is only 27 to 38 mph when cruising but when chased they can fly up to 60 mph.
They are bred to be hunted and are shot in great numbers in Europe. The doggerel "up flies a guinea, bang goes sixpence, and down comes half-a-crown" reflects that they are often shot for sport rather than as food. If eaten, the meat is somewhat tough and dry, so the carcasses were often hung for a time to "cure" in order to improve the meat by slight decomposition, as with most other game. Modern cookery generally uses moist roasting or farm-raised female birds.
The bird was brought to Britain around the tenth century but became locally extinct in the early seventeenth century; it was reintroduced in the 1830s and is now widespread. Repeated reintroduction has made the pheasant a very variable species in regard to size and plumage.
As a food source, pheasant is an extremely rich source of iron and a rich source of protein, niacin, and vitamin B2 (Bender and Bender 2005).
The golden pheasant or Chinese pheasant, (Chrysolophus pictus) is a game bird of the family Phasianidae. It is native to forests in mountainous areas of western China, but feral populations have been established in the United Kingdom and elsewhere.
The adult male is 90-105 cm in length, its tail accounting for two-thirds of the total length. It is unmistakable with its golden crest and rump and bright red body. The deep orange "cape" can be spread in display, appearing as an alternating black and orange fan that covers all of the face except its bright yellow eye, with a pinpoint black pupil.
Males have a golden-yellow crest with a hint of red at the tip. The face, throat, chin, and the sides of neck are rusty tan. The wattles and orbital skin are both yellow in color, and the ruff or cape is light orange. The upper back is green and the rest of the back and rump are golden-yellow in color. The tertiaries are blue, whereas the scapulars are dark red. Another characteristic of the male plumage is the central tail feathers, which are black spotted with cinnamon as well as the tip of the tail being a cinnamon buff. The upper tail coverts are the same color as the central tail feathers. Males also have a scarlet breast, and scarlet and light chestnut flanks and underparts.
The female (hen) is much less showy, with a duller mottled brown plumage, similar to that of the female common pheasant. She is darker and more slender than the hen of that species, with a proportionately longer tail (half her 60-80 cm length). The female's breast and sides are barred buff and blackish brown, and the abdomen is plain buff. She has a buff face and throat. Some abnormal females may later in their lifetime get some male plumage.
Both males and females have yellow legs and yellow bills.
Despite the male's showy appearance, these hardy birds are very difficult to see in their natural habitat, which is dense, dark young conifer forests with sparse undergrowth. Consequently, little is known of their behavior in the wild.
They feed on the ground on grain, leaves, and invertebrates, but roost in trees at night. While they can fly, they prefer to run: but if startled they can suddenly burst upwards at great speed, with a distinctive wing sound. Although they can fly in short bursts they are quite clumsy in flight and spend most of their time on the ground.
Golden pheasants lay 8-12 eggs at a time and will then incubate these for around 22-23 days. They tend to eat berries, grubs, seeds, and other types of vegetation.
The male has a metallic call in the breeding season.
The golden pheasant is commonly found in zoos and aviaries, but often as impure specimens that have the similar Lady Amherst's pheasant in their lineage. There are also different mutations of the golden pheasant, including red, yellow, and snowflake.
Species in taxonomic order
This list is ordered to show assumed relationships between species. Only the 11 main genera known as pheasants are included. The remaining five genera in Phasianinae—Afropavo (Congo peafowl), Pavo (peafowl), Gallus (junglefowl), Lophophorus (monals), and Tragopan—are not included in this particular taxonomy.
- Blood Pheasant (genus Ithaginis)
- Blood Pheasant, (I. cruentus)
- Koklass (genus Pucrasia)
- Koklass Pheasant, (P. macrolopha)
- Gallopheasants (genus Lophura)
- Kalij Pheasant, (L. leucomelanos)
- White-crested Kalij Pheasant, (L. l. hamiltoni)
- Nepal Kalij Pheasant, (L. l. leucomelanos)
- Black-backed Kalij Pheasant, (L. l. melanota)
- Black Kalij Pheasant, (L. l. moffitti)
- Black-breasted Kalij Pheasant, (L. l. lathami)
- William's Kalij Pheasant, (L. l. williamsi)
- Oates' Kalij Pheasant, (L. l. oatesi)
- Crawfurd's Kalij Pheasant, (L. l. crawfurdi)
- Lineated Kalij Pheasant, (L. l. lineata)
- Silver Pheasant, (L. nycthemera)
- (L. n. nycthemera)
- (L. n. lewisi)
- (L. n. annamensis)
- (L. n. engelbachi)
- (L. n. beli)
- (L. n. berliozi)
- (L. n. rufripes)
- (L. n. ripponi)
- (L. n. occidentalis)
- (L. n. beaulieui)
- (L. n. fokiensis)
- (L. n. whiteheadi)
- (L. n. omeiensis)
- (L. n. rongjiangensis)
- Imperial Pheasant, (L. imperialis)
- Edward's Pheasant, (L. edwardsi)
- Swinhoe's Pheasant, (L. swinhoii)
- Salvadori's Pheasant, (L. inornata)
- Crestless Fireback Pheasant, (L. erythrophthalma)
- Malayan Crestless Fireback, (L. e. erythrophthalma)
- Bornean Crestless Fireback, (L. e. pyronota)
- Crested Fireback Pheasant, (L. ignita)
- Lesser Bornean Crested Fireback, (L. i. ignita)
- Greater Bornean Crested Fireback, (L. i. nobilis)
- Vieilott's Crested Fireback, (L. i. rufa)
- Delacour's Crested Fireback, (L. i. macartneyi)
- Siamese Fireback, (L. diardi)
- Bulwer's Wattled Pheasant, (L. bulweri)
- Kalij Pheasant, (L. leucomelanos)
- Eared Pheasants (genus Crossoptilon)
- White-eared Pheasant, (C. crossoptilon)
- Brown Eared Pheasant, (C. mantchuricum)
- Blue Eared Pheasant, (C. auritum)
- Cheer (genus Catreus)
- Cheer Pheasant, (C. wallichi)
- Long-tailed Pheasants (genus Syrmaticus)
- Reeve's Pheasant, (S. reevesi)
- Elliot's Pheasant, (S. ellioti)
- Bar-tailed Pheasant, (S. humiae)
- Mikado Pheasant, (S. mikado)
- Copper Pheasant, (S. soemmerringi)
- True Pheasants (genus Phasianus)
- Green Pheasant (P. versicolor)
- Common Pheasant, (P. colchicus)
- Pheasant (P.c. colchicus)
- Ringnecked Pheasant (P.c. torquatus)
- Ruffed Pheasants (genus Chrysolophus)
- Golden Pheasant, (C. pictus)
- Lady Amherst's Pheasant, (C. amherstiae)
- Peacock Pheasants (genus Polyplectron)
- Bronze-tailed Peacock Pheasant, (P. chalcurum)
- Mountain Peacock Pheasant, (P. inopinatum)
- Germain's Peacock Pheasant, (P. germaini)
- Grey Peacock Pheasant (P. bicalcaratum)
- Malaysian Peacock Pheasant, (P. malacense)
- Bornean Peacock Pheasant, (P. schleiermacheri)
- Palawan Peacock Pheasant, (P. emphanum)
- Crested Argus (genus Rheinartia)
- Crested Argus Pheasant, (R. ocellata)
- Great Argus (genus Argusianus)
- Great Argus Pheasant, (A. argus)
- Double-banded Argus, (Argusianus bipunctatus )
- Beebe, W. 1918-22. A Monograph of the Pheasants. 1st edition in 4 volumes. London: H. F. Witherby. Reprint: 1990, Dover Publications.(4 volumes bound as 2). ISBN 048626579X and ISBN 0486265803. Republished as: Pheasants: Their Lives and Homes.'. 2 vols. 1926. Single volume edition: New York Zoological Society, 1936.
- Bender, D. A., and A. E. Bender. 2005. A Dictionary of Food and Nutrition. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0198609612.
- Green-Armytage, S. 2002. Extraordinary Pheasants. New York: Harry N. Abrams. ISBN 0810910071.
- Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS). 2005a. Phasianinae ITIS Taxonomic Serial No.: 553478. Retrieved January 23, 2009.
- Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS). 2005b. Lophophorus Temminck, 1813 ITIS Taxonomic Serial No.: 176066. Retrieved January 23, 2009.
- Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS). 2005c. Tragopan Cuvier, 1829 ITIS Taxonomic Serial No.: 176060. Retrieved January 23, 2009.
- Madge, S., P. J. K. McGowan, and G. M. Kirwan. 2002. Pheasants, Partidges and Grouse: A Guide to the Pheasants, Partridges, Quails, Grouse, Guineafowl, Buttonquails, and Sandgrouse of the World. London: Christopher Helm. ISBN 0713639660.
New World Encyclopedia writers and editors rewrote and completed the Wikipedia article in accordance with New World Encyclopedia standards. This article abides by terms of the Creative Commons CC-by-sa 3.0 License (CC-by-sa), which may be used and disseminated with proper attribution. Credit is due under the terms of this license that can reference both the New World Encyclopedia contributors and the selfless volunteer contributors of the Wikimedia Foundation. To cite this article click here for a list of acceptable citing formats.The history of earlier contributions by wikipedians is accessible to researchers here:
- Pheasant (Aug 1, 2007) history
- Phasianidae (Aug 1, 2007) history
- Golden_Pheasant (Aug 1, 2007) history
- Common_Pheasant (Aug 1, 2007) history
Note: Some restrictions may apply to use of individual images which are separately licensed.
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Japan Embassy hosts Tokyo 1964 memorabilia
London, Great Britain, August 1, 2012 - The Embassy of Japan in London, which is situated in Piccadilly, just in front of Green Park, is hosting an exhibition dedicated to the 1964 Olympic Games in Tokyo. During the Olympics, tourists and spectators of the Games are warmly welcomed to pay a visit. Tokyo 1964 were the first Olympic Games where volleyball was included in the program.
Many photos and memorabilia are displayed, like shoots made by the British athletes who took part in the competition, by a young Japanese woman who worked in the Olympic Athletes’ Village, the tourists visiting Tokyo, the spectators, the interpreters for the BBC, the Olympic Attaché posted to the British Embassy in Tokyo.
The Tokyo Olympic Games were the first to be broadcasted in colors through sat. Many spectacular venues were built for the event, like one of the favorite house of volleyball in Japan, the Yoyogi Stadium, designed by visionary architect Kenzo Tange and used at that time as swimming pool. It was even the official launch of the Shinkansen, the bullet train.
They were also the first Olympic Games with a visual design: sport pictograms were designed by Kamekura Yusaku and used to give a coordinate and consistent image of the Games.
Japan won gold in Tokyo with the women’s team. Led by coach Hirofumi Daimatsu, the hosts beat USSR and gave up only one set in six matches, to eventual bronze medalists Poland.
OTHER VOLLEYBALL NEWS
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A coalition of environmental justice and civil rights activists has filed a complaint alleging that cap-and-trade provisions in California's pioneering program to reduce greenhouse gas emissions discriminate against people of color.
The groups, which represent minority communities, accused the California Air Resources Board of violating the Civil Rights Act of 1964 when it agreed to allow polluters in low-income areas to use carbon offsets to buy their way out of pollution reduction under the state's global warming reduction plan.
"Cap and trade allows them to buy allowances from other facilities or offsets from out of state or even internationally, denying communities next to refineries and other polluting businesses the benefits that would occur through direct regulation," said Brent Newell, a lawyer for the Center on Race, Poverty and the Environment, which filed the complaint with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency on Friday.
"It's discrimination because these communities living very close to cap-and-trade facilities are overwhelmingly populated by people of color," he said, "and the African American population is disproportionately affected."
Newell said the groups he represents support - and, in fact, fought against oil companies and global warming skeptics to protect - AB32, the landmark law passed in 2006 that requires California to reduce greenhouse gas emissions to 1990 levels by 2020.
He said, however, that the groups want to see the benefits on site, in the communities that suffer from disproportionately large numbers of pollution-caused illnesses. The EPA complaint mirrors a lawsuit previously filed by the same groups that is still pending in state court.
Stanley Young, the spokesman for the Air Resources Board, said efforts to reduce greenhouse gases, including cap-and-trade provisions, will benefit every community, but the goal of AB32 was to reduce statewide carbon emissions, not localized smog. There are separate regulations, he said, that control diesel emissions from buses and trucks and restrict smokestack pollution in ports and rail yards.
The board "is well aware of problems in highly impacted communities, and we have taken a wide range of steps to clean up and reduce those pollutants from the facilities that are the biggest risk," Young said. "We do not know at this point how facilities may choose to fulfill their requirements of the cap-and-trade program and, to date, we haven't seen a credible scenario where emissions rise."
The EPA's office of civil rights now has 20 days to decide whether to accept the complaint. If it is accepted, then regulators will have 180 days to investigate the case and make a preliminary finding.
The complaint cites studies that show that people of color make up 66 percent of the state's population most heavily hit by pollution, with African Americans making up the vast majority of the victims.
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The Coast Guard does not board with other than side arms, unless there is specific intelligence as to a certain area or vessel or a heightened sense of security.
Right. "A heightened sense of security", meaning the War on Terror that even el Presidente has said won't be over for decades.
From the article:
"The second boat owner who spoke to The Herald said his boat was searched after he challenged officers who were searching other boats, at 10:30 p.m. Sept. 2, and during the morning on following days. Told they were acting as Homeland Security officers, he asked what they were protecting the harbor from.
"Terrorists," he said he was told by the officers, who exhorted him to "remember the Cole," referring to the October 2000 attack by terrorists on the USS Cole that killed 17 sailors."
Yup, the Yemeni bombers were in this guy's bilge tank!
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Christianity and the Problem of Human Violence
True Christian living requires us to live according to Kingdom standards which bring Heaven to earth
Christianity and the Problem of Human Violence
By Stephen R. Kaufman, M.D.
Part 82: Guided by the Faith of Christ
The Bible teaches that Jesus showed perfect obedience to God, reflecting God’s love throughout his life and not resisting his divinely ordained destiny to suffer and die on the Cross. Jesus instructed his disciples to “follow me,” and when we become disciples of Christ we too are charged to “be perfect, as your heavenly Father is perfect.” (Matthew 5:48) In order for us to be perfect, we need a human model to emulate. We are inherently mimetic creatures, and we have no choice other than to model ourselves on others. However, humankind’s mistake, from the beginning of human civilization, has been to model our desires upon the desires of fellow humans. Being Christian involves, among other things, having Christ as our model, because Jesus modeled his life on God’s desires. This is why Jesus said, “Very truly, I tell you, the Son can do nothing on his own, but only what he sees the Father doing; for whatever the Father does, the Son does likewise. The Father loves the Son and shows him all that he himself is doing; and he will show him greater works than these.” (John 5:19-20)
The Apostle Paul understood well the importance of modeling our desires on Christ. Paul told the Philippians, “Do nothing from selfish ambition or conceit, but in humility regard others as better than yourselves. Let each of you look not to your own interests, but to the interests of others. Let the same mind be in you that was also in Christ Jesus.” (2:3-5) Jesus sought only to serve God. The “mind … in Christ Jesus” focuses on God’s desires, and our minds should do likewise. With Jesus as our model, we have the tools to accomplish this. This is what Girard called “good mimesis,” because it promotes love and compassion. In contrast, “bad mimesis” involves deriving our desires from other people, and it results in conflict, rivalries, resentments, and, eventually, violence.
Paul wrote, “… though he [Jesus] was in the form of God, did not count equality with God a thing to be grasped, but emptied himself, taking the form of a servant, being born in the likeness of men. And being found in human form he humbled himself and became obedient unto death, even death on a cross.” (2:6-8) We are called to be humble and to serve, not be served. Jesus dramatized this by washing his disciples’ feet (John 13:5-11), and then he instructed his disciples, “If I then, your Lord and Teacher, have washed your feet, you also ought to wash one another’s feet. For I have given you an example, that you should do as I have done to you. Truly, truly, I say to you, a servant is not greater than his master; nor is he who is sent greater than he who sent him.” (13-16)
It turns out that service to God can enhance self-esteem, because we are aligning ourselves with our Creator. When we assess our self-worth by comparing ourselves to our peers, we constantly struggle to succeed over and against them in an ongoing contest that never ends. In this human world of rivalry and conflict, one can never have enough money, power, or prestige. In contrast, by serving God, we gain a sense of self-worth that has no relationship to our standing among fellow humans.
God created us in God’s likeness so that we might be good stewards of Creation. Before Jesus, the Jews need the Law as an external motivation. With Jesus, the law may be written onto our hearts. We are to model Jesus’ faithfulness to God, and if, by grace, we gain similar faith, we will recognize that we are loved by God. Jesus said “you will know them by their fruits,” (Matthew 7:16) and, if we have gained the grace of faith, we will gladly serve God with acts of kindness and compassion towards God’s Creation.
Next week, we will further explore the implications of having the faith of Christ.
Go on to
Part 83: Faith and the Bible
Return to Christianity and the Problem of Human Violence
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All Creatures Guide to Kingdom Living includes such subjects as: life, heaven, earth, peace, justice, Bible study, discussion, commentary, God, Christ, Christian, Jewish, Jesus, Holy Spirit, vegetarian, vegetarianism, vegan, veganism, cruelty free, love, compassion, lifestyle, Bible, recipes, sermons, stories, animals, animal rights, Judeo Christian, health, ethical, environment, living, meditation, perfection, prolife, pro life, pro-life, abortion, capital punishment, war, hunting, fishing, trapping, farm, farming, factory, fur, meat, milk, dairy, slaughter, cattle, beef, pork, chicken, poultry, hens, battery, debeaking)
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Which sectors have the potential to ramp up their sales and profits on the strength of existing assets, once the economy revives? Here’s our take.
Indian companies sank substantial money into expanding their capacity over the last five years. But thanks to the ongoing slowdown, many of these projects are starting to pay off only now.
An analysis of the data for 255 companies constituting the CNX 500 Index shows that these companies have nearly doubled their productive assets (gross block plus capital work-in progress) in the past five years. Their revenues have just about doubled too.
But historical trends in asset turnover (how much sales a company generates for every rupee of assets), suggest that these capacities can support revenue growth of 33 per cent, if companies are able to milk their assets as they did in the past.
The potential for growth is higher in sectors during a cyclical downturn.
So which sectors have the potential to ramp up their sales and profits, the most, on the strength of existing assets, once the economy revives? Read on.
While assets for 255 companies have doubled, the growth in revenues was 99 per cent in the period.
These companies enjoyed an average asset turnover ratio of 2.2 over the period 2007-12. The ratio peaked at 2.5 times in the year 2007-08; which denotes that for every Rs 100 spent as capital investment, the firm was able to generate peak revenues of Rs 250 from the invested capital.
Applying the peak ratio of 2.5 times to the current net block indicates potential to scale up revenues by over a third.
The long-term borrowing of these companies increased by 59 per cent during this period. This points to a balanced funding of investment, through a mix of cash generated by the business and borrowings.
A deeper dive into the sector-wise spending pattern over the period reveals that auto and ancillary companies topped the list, showing over three times increase in total capital expenditure spend.
Organised retail has been the second largest sector to invest in capacity expansion projects, almost trebling its total asset base.
Interestingly, the infrastructure sector also doubled its gross assets during the same period.
While the overall revenues have more or less kept pace with the investments made over the last five years, the sector-wise data point to wide differences.
In the core sector, capital goods had the highest average turnover to assets ratio of 7.1 times over the period 2007-12; meaning that every Rs 100 invested generated revenues of Rs 710.
Petrochemicals sector closely followed capital goods on the asset turnover ratio, clocking revenues that were 5.8 times higher than the net assets.
Other sectors that generated meaningfully higher revenues from net assets include IT (4.4 times), Agrochemicals (4.2) and Oil and gas (4.1).
In contrast, there were sectors whose revenue traction was lower. The five year average asset turnover ratio of 14 out of the 39 sectors was lower than the CNX 500’s average asset turnover of 2.2.
This includes sectors such as cement, media, telecom and sugar, to name a few.
There have also been sectors where the total revenue generated has been lower than the total assets.
For 6 out of the 39 sectors, the revenue generated from capacity additions was less than the cumulative assets (implying an asset turnover ratio of less than 1).
Shipping had the lowest asset turnover ratio of 0.4 implying revenue generation of Rs 40 from assets worth Rs 100. Other sectors with a similar trend include hotels, paper and power generation.
Why did these sectors have a depressed asset turnover ratio?
One reason seems to be that significant investments made in fixed assets over the last five years have not paid off in the form of revenues.
Interestingly, the airline industry, despite having managed to grow revenues faster than the addition to its gross assets, was yet among the sectors with turnover ratio of less than one.
Some sectors saw their revenue decline over the last five years, even as they were investing in expanding capacities.
It’s been a double whammy for these sectors where the investment in gross assets increased over a five-year period, while the revenues were on a downward spiral.
For the shipping industry, though its gross assets grew almost by a third in the last five years, the revenues declined by 6 per cent leading to lower asset turnover ratio.
Given the cyclic nature of sectors such as shipping, cement and sugar, upturn in the business cycle may drive sales growth for these sectors.
With investments in place, the revenue flows for these sectors could gather momentum over the next few years, barring any unforeseen regulatory and business risk.
Keywords: sectors have the potential, ramp up their sales and profits, strength of existing assets, once the economy revives, analysis of the data for 255 companies, auto and ancillary companies, organised retail, capital goods
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Our lifestyle is instrumental in deciding our health status. Unfortunately most of us live an unhealthy life, rooting for various bad choices around us.
Howsoever cliché’ it might sound by adopting and practicing certain very simple and convenient day to day lifestyle changes, we can lead a much better and healthier life.
Few are listed below:1. Cut Salt
Those innocent looking white granules are actually not so harmless. A large quantity of salt intake (sodium) is one of the main reasons behind high blood pressure.
Recommended daily requirement is approximately six grams (a level teaspoon). But none of us are able to stick to this standard, thanks to bags of chips, processed/junk food, and other fried snacks in addition to our normal intake of regular meals-all generously topped with salt and ajinomoto.
Try to stay away from condiments such as pickles, sauces, and papads. Even their smaller portions are loaded with salt to preserve and balance the other strong flavors in them.2. Stairs, Not Lift
Escalators save time and effort. Agreed. But opting for stairs can protect you from deadly ailments in the long run.
Climbing stairs is actually a workout in itself. It is a high intensity exercise promoting cardio-respiratory benefits, which is free of cost and easily accessible, anytime, everywhere.
Stair climbing does not actually mean you have to reach your office on the seventh floor in one go. Don’t over exert yourself. Rest for a minute on each floor. Then proceed again.
With a steady pace, climbing stairs for five minutes can make you burn a whooping 140 calories.3. Easy On Sugar
Personally I have nothing against sweets but there is actually no need for refined sugar in our diet. Refined sugar is basically a form of carbohydrate and our daily requirement of carbohydrate (which is approx. 130 gm/day) is generally met by all other sources of food items.
If we cannot resist all those sweetened desserts, try those that use a healthier option, honey.
Technically speaking, one table spoon of honey has more calories than table sugar but since it is much sweeter than table sugar, we eventually end up consuming lesser calories. Also, wherein, table sugar is all “empty calories”, honey is full of minerals and vitamins. 4. Exercise, Unintentionally
Most of us don’t exercise because we hate the word in itself. It seems too much of an effort to get all geared up in the gym accessories and work out in a monotonous manner.
Apart from the regular gymming, there are several ways to put your body at work, that too without even realizing it. For instance cycling, walking, taking your pet for a walk, or playing with kids are all such activities.
Make it interesting by listening to music or taking your friend along.5. Develop a Hobby
Another option to sweat without cribbing is putting all that effort into something you enjoy doing.
Fast paced dancing, swimming, and playing an outdoor game will all burn hundreds of calories in an hour. Trust me you will not even realize how the time passed while you were enjoying (actually exercising) your favorite hobby.6. Interesting Food Swaps
Without compromising much on taste, you can actually savour the healthier version of that particular food item.
Swap mayonnaise dip with flavored hung curd, french fries with baked potato wedges, ice cream with frozen fruit pulp, full cream milk with skimmed milk, and so on. The list is endless and all you have to do is use your imagination and be a little creative.7. Early Dinner
Eat an early and light dinner. Almost an hour and half before the bed time. Since we hardly have any physical activity towards the latter part of the day, the calorie burning goes down steeply.
So, in order to give ample time to our stomach for proper digestion of food, it is advisable to eat by the end of the evening.
Easier said than done, but taking even a small step towards a healthier way of living can make a huge difference. Try practicing at least one of the above mentioned variation in the whole day, and in no time you will start reaping the results—a fitter and trimmer You!
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|I wonder why more people don't cycle with their |
Several people wrote to Richard Tracey about why the Conservatives would take such a strange view of London's roads. Richard Tracey is the Conservative group transport spokesman.
He sent a considered response, the full text of which is below. For now, I want to focus on a couple points that he raises in that response. Leaving aside his assertion that "Motorists already more than pay for roads through road and fuel tax" (they don't. For an excellent demolition of that fallacy, read this), the following points stand out:
Mr Tracey states quite correctly that: "If people are given the choice between cycling and driving, a great many people will choose the former." Absolutely true.
However, he then states something very curious indeed, namely this:
"Whilst we strongly support those who have the choice choosing to cycle, there are those for whom cycling is not feasible. The introduction of a road user hierarchy penalises those, such as parents with young children, whose personal circumstances might be less suited to cycling."
What I think this implies is that parents of young children are unable to cycle their children to school or to the shops or to the nursery and would be penalised by better facilities for cycling and walking.
I asked my sister, a mother of two young children, what she thought. She asked her friends. Her friends drive SUVs. They live in Guildford, hardly a bastion of left-wing alternative thinking and a city where cycle use has entirely flatlined for a decade (see appendix 3)
They couldn't disagree with you more Mr Tracey. Their personal circumstances are perfectly well-suited to cycling. They can afford to cycle and many of them have time to cycle. And a lot of them would actually prefer to cycle. But the thing is they don't and they won't. Why not? Because the roads don't feel safe enough to cycle on. That's why cycling has flatlined in their city. And they're dead right not to cycle there.
Mr Tracey concludes by saying "In opposing the introduction of a road user hierarchy [whereby roads are designed to prioritise safety for people on foot or cycle rather than the de facto reality of current practice which is that London's roads are prioritised for the speed and convenience of people in motor cars], we believe that the best approach is largely to allow the facts and the many advantages of cycling to speak for themselves."
As another Londoner put it to me what Mr Tracey doesn't acknowledge is this: "In central London we currently have a road-user hierarchy. It’s one in which a disproportionate amount of road space is given over to people who choose to use motorised vehicles as their primary means of transport, as opposed to lower-impact forms of transport, such as bicycles, motorcycles, buses, the Tube and their own feet. To protect the status quo is in effect to protect an illogical and unfair hierarchy that offers a slower, dirtier and less safe experience to a majority of users of the road network (including pavements and road crossings)"
I read this letter as saying one thing very clearly. Cycling is for people in lycra who can keep up with motor traffic and don't mind ducking and weaving between HGVs. We, the Conservative party, believe in freedom of choice in how you travel around the capital but we will not make significant strides to give normal, everyday people the choice to travel by cycle to do normal, everyday things because that might mean denying some people who travel by motor vehicle a little bit of their freedom to choose the car. And if you're a mother with children, we are telling you to travel by car please. We're not going to make it possible for you to cycle your kids to school.
I'm very curious to know what other parents think about this. If you felt the journey was safe enough, would you like to be able to cycle your children to school rather than get in a car every morning?
Letter from Richard Tracey, Conservative group transport spokesman, London Assembly.
"Thank you for your e-mail. As the Conservative Group's Transport Spokesman, I am replying on behalf of my colleagues.
The numbers of people cycling in London has increased markedly under Boris Johnson. Since this has come on top of strong growth under his predecessor, this is a superb and very welcome achievement. By measures such as the introduction of Boris Bikes, Cycle Superhighways and an increase in the provision of cycle parking, more Londoners are cycling than ever before. There is certainly more that can be done. However none of these improvements has come about via a policy of deliberately hobbling other road users. Rather, they have been successful by making it easier and more convenient for people to choose to cycle.
If people are given the choice between cycling and driving a great many people will choose the former. Indeed the number who choose to cycle is increasing all the time. For the vast majority of cyclists the decision to do so is informed by a simple cost benefit analysis. Cycling to work is cheaper than any other option bar walking, it will often be quicker than the alternatives and it has the benefit of being fantastic exercise. Our view is that the more people consider the various alternatives in those terms, the more people will conclude that cycling is the best way to travel in London .
However it is important to be clear that many Londoners do not have unlimited choice over which mode they use to travel. Whilst we strongly support those who have the choice choosing to cycle, there are those for whom cycling is not feasible. The introduction of a road user hierarchy penalises those, such as parents with young children, whose personal circumstances might be less suited to cycling.
The Conservative Group strongly believes in localism and allowing decisions to be taken as close to the people they affect as possible. In many cases, this will mean that individuals themselves should be free to decide how they wish to travel around our city. In others this means that local councils should be free to make decisions within their own borough. It is important to remember that London is a vast city and a report such as this has to reflect that. The very size of London also means that different parts of it will benefit from differing approaches. What is right for Bromley or Barnet, may well not be right for Westminster or Southwark.
In opposing the introduction of a road user hierarchy, we believe that the best approach is largely to allow the facts and the many advantages of cycling to speak for themselves.
On road user charging, there is little to add to the paragraph in the report. Motorists already more than pay for roads through road and fuel tax. Whilst the concept of giving people the option of paying to travel on a faster road – such as the M6 toll road – may make sense, road user charging penalises those who need to drive. Richer Londoners may be relatively unaffected by charging, but poorer Londoners are literally priced off the road. In addition to this, charging has a negative effect on small businesses within any charging zone. A great many businesses within the Western Extension Zone (WEZ) closed as a direct result of the zone’s introduction. Finally it is worth noting that when the previous Mayor consulted on the introduction of the WEZ a majority opposed its introduction. Ken Livingstone then ignored the consultation and introduced the WEZ anyway. When Boris Johnson became Mayor he promised to hold a fresh consultation and abide by the result. The consultation showed an overwhelming desire to scrap the WEZ. As we made clear in our dissenting paragraph, unless there is strong local support for a local charging zone then road user charging should not be considered."
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Energetics of Exercise and Fatigue
Catabolism of ATP, creatine phosphate, and glycogen is the anaerobic source of energy during high-intensity exercise. Such exercise at an individual animal's highest attainable speed cannot be maintained for >30–40 sec. Thereafter, fatigue occurs and the animal slows down.
In general, when energy is supplied by aerobic energy sources, the onset of fatigue is delayed because of limited lactic acid production and efficient use of available substrates (glucose or fatty acids). The relative contribution of aerobic or anaerobic energy pathways during exercise depends greatly on the duration and energy demands of the event. All exercise has some contribution from aerobic and anaerobic energy sources. Short, intense exercise lasting 20–30 sec (eg, Quarter horse races, some Greyhound races) has >90% of energy demands supplied by anaerobic sources; other events last many hours (eg, endurance races for horses, camels, and dogs), with >90% of energy demands met by aerobic sources. During intense exercise at maximal speeds lasting 1–3 min, as in Standardbred and Thoroughbred horse races, it has been estimated that energy supply is >60% aerobic. Intramuscular stores of ATP decrease by 20–50% in racehorses after such exercise. The loss in ATP content may vary considerably; in some muscle fibers it may be negligible, while in others, especially Type II fibers, it may be substantial. Similarly, after intense exercise, muscle glycogen concentration decreases by ~30% after a single exercise bout, and by as much as 50% with repeated bouts of intense exercise. Again, depletion varies between fibers, with greater depletion observed in Type IIB muscle fibers. Superior racing performance in Thoroughbreds and Standardbreds has been correlated with high rates of oxygen transport and low rates of accumulation of lactate in the blood during submaximal exercise tests. This indicates a high ability to utilize aerobic energy pathways during exercise, preserving the limited anaerobic energy sources.
Fatigue during intense exercise is attributed to depletion of stores of creatine phosphate and glycogen, accumulation of ADP and inorganic phosphate, and accumulation of lactate anions and protons in active muscle cells.
Ionic imbalances, including changes in the ratio of intracellular to extracellular potassium occurring across the sarcolemma, alter the resting membrane potential and contribute to decreased sarcolemmal excitability and the ability to generate an action potential. This reduced excitability contributes to a reduction in calcium release by the sarcoplasmic reticulum (a process that requires ATP) and a consequent decrease in the force of muscle contraction. During intense exercise water moves into muscle cells, and intracellular concentrations of potassium decrease. It has been suggested that accumulation of calcium and depletion of ATP in muscle cells during exercise induces more rapid potassium efflux from muscle cells, and potassium ions accumulate in the extracellular fluid. This may inactivate the sarcolemma and t-tubule membranes and prevent tension development.
Intracellular acidosis as a result of lactate accumulation has been blamed for this decrease in efficiency or force of muscle contraction. However, in vitro research has demonstrated the protective effect of lactic acidosis and hydrogen ions in maintaining sarcolemmal function and muscle force production in the face of potassium shifts associated with intense exercise.
The decline in intramuscular ATP is correlated with the accumulation of lactate and the appearance of ammonia in the muscle. It has been postulated that ammonia accumulation in plasma may also contribute to fatigue. Increased ADP concentration also results in accumulation of AMP, inosine monophosphate, allantoin, ammonia, and uric acid in horses. In treadmill studies, the decrease in muscle ATP during intense exercise is correlated with the increase in plasma uric acid concentration 30 min after exercise. Running time during the treadmill tests is correlated with uric acid concentrations after exercise. Significant but low correlations have also been found between racing performance of Standardbred pacers and uric acid concentrations after the race. Infusion with ammonium acetate during a treadmill exercise to fatigue did not significantly affect the time to fatigue in horses, suggesting that plasma ammonia levels do not have a role in fatigue during intense exercise.
Thermoregulation and Fatigue
Fatigue during intense exercise is influenced by environmental conditions. Intense exercise in hot conditions is associated with earlier onset of fatigue, due to increased blood flow to the skin for thermoregulation at the expense of cardiac output and hence oxygen delivery to the exercising muscle. There is also a central effect of high temperatures, resulting from high brain temperatures. Earlier onset of fatigue in hot conditions could be a protective response to avoid heat stroke.
In contrast, thermoregulatory fatigue during prolonged, lower intensity exercise originates mainly from central factors, because the decreased cardiac output is offset by increased oxygen dissociation. The cerebral perfusion is reduced, but oxygen delivery to the brain does not appear to be critically low during laboratory experiments. Rather, the high brain temperature in itself seems to be the main factor affecting motor activation.
Last full review/revision July 2011 by Catherine McGowan, BVSc, MACVSc, DEIM, DECEIM, PhD, FHEA, MRCVS
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