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FAO’s first forecast for world wheat production in 2013 stands at
690 million tonnes, about 28 million tonnes up from 2012 and the
second largest crop on record. The increase is expected mostly in Europe,
driven by an expansion in area in response to high prices, and in some countries
due to an expected recovery in yields from last year’s below-average levels.
The international cereal prices in recent months have followed mixed
trends with rice prices rising and wheat declining, while maize prices
remaining generally steady.
Aggregate cereal import requirements of LIFDCs for 2012/13 are
expected to decrease following generally bumper local harvests in 2012 and
an overall favourable outlook in 2013.
In the Near East, food security in the Syrian Arab Republic has further
deteriorated with 4 million people (about 17 percent of the total precrisis
population) now estimated to be food insecure.
In Central Africa, the recent escalation of civil conflict in the Central African Republic has increased population
displacement and resulted in disruption of agricultural and marketing activities. A large number of people are
estimated to be in need of food assistance.
In Western Africa, the overall food security situation has improved significantly in the Sahel following an
above-average 2012 cereal harvest. However, a large number of people are still affected by insecurity and the lingering
effects of last year’s food crisis.
In Eastern Africa, food security has generally improved as new harvests have replenished household stocks and
supplied local markets.However, concerns remain in some areas, mainly due to conflict, floods or past poor production.
In Southern Africa, prospects for the 2013 cereal
crops are generally satisfactory. However, flood
damage, particularly in southeastern areas, and an army
worm outbreak in several countries are expected to
lower harvest in affected areas.
In the Far East, prospects for 2013 wheat crop are
generally favourable with the output expected to
reach record levels in China and Pakistan. However, a
slight decline is expected in India.
In South America, prospects for the 2013 maize
crop currently being harvested are generally
favourable in the main producing countries Argentina and Brazil.
FAO’s latest estimates indicate that 36 countries
around the world are in need of external
assistance for food as a result of crop failures,
conflict or insecurity, natural disasters, and high
domestic food prices.
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In a serious effort to move forward from a complicated and often shameful past,
the Republic of Lithuania recently voted against the Palestinians’ request for
admission to UNESCO, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural
Only 14 countries in the world joined Lithuania in
supporting Israel that day. The vote was but one of the many ways Lithuania’s
government has begun to consciously seek to improve relations with its own
Jewish diaspora as well as Jews across the world.
Equally importantly, at
the same time Lithuania seeks to be a partner to Israel, the country is
beginning to acknowledge the harsh realities of the past and the potentially
permanent damage such a history has wrought on this Baltic nation. Lithuania now
wants to address directly – not to ignore or evade – two issues that have
plagued the repair of relations with the Jewish community.
The first is
the way it has celebrated its early freedom from the Soviets – the first time –
in 1941. That freedom came at the hands of Nazi control – and consequently, at
the peril of the Jewish community. The second is that in recent years, the
Lithuanian government has reportedly initiated investigations into now elderly
Jewish Holocaust survivors for connections to the Soviets.
one of many Eastern European countries whose 20th-century histories have been
often caught in the middle between the Soviets and the Nazis. Today’s Lithuanian
authorities and citizens must, therefore, grapple with these two difficult, yet
very different parts of its past, come to terms with each, and move forward.
These complicated and often terrible eras will not disappear; they must be
examined and understood and in fact, passed on to the next generation so history
does not repeat itself.
While Lithuania does not deny the blemish of such
serious unresolved issues, the Lithuanian government has made a number of
significant steps to repair its relations with its own Jewish community and
around the world, especially in Israel. In 1995, the president of Lithuania
visited the Knesset to formally apologize for his country’s role in the
Holocaust. Lithuania named 2011 the Year of Remembrance for the Victims of the
Holocaust and has held memorial events across the country. And in June, the
Seimas, Lithuania’s parliament, announced a plan to deliver monetary restitution
for Lithuanian Holocaust survivors. Every year, on September 23, Lithuania
recognizes an official Memorial Day for Holocaust victims.
Lithuania is a
young country, only becoming fully independent in 1991 after a half-century of
Soviet control. During the Soviet occupation, World War II history was taught
from a revisionist Soviet perspective that failed to cover the painful realities
of the Holocaust. And because schools were forbidden to cover that topic, many
of today’s Lithuanian teachers – who came of age during the Soviet era – now
have little or no background on the history.
THE DARK record of WWII left
its mark on Lithuania, but today the government is making an active effort to
ensure that such history is taught – and taught truthfully. With the help of
people like US Ambassador to Lithuania Ann Derse, the US and Lithuanian
governments are working together to bring educators from the US Holocaust
Memorial Museum to Lithuania not just to train teachers, but to restart the
Through ExCEL, the American Embassy partners with the
Lithuanian Ministry of Education to bring Lithuanian high school students to
study in the United States.
Though many Lithuanians still suffer from a
dearth of understanding, through concentrated efforts and interest such as
these, over time, that will change. But these things take time.
today, let’s commend the American- Lithuanian-Israeli bond, as proven by last
week’s UNESCO vote. Of course, that bond could be stronger. The Lithuanian and
Jewish communities in all three countries must address their differences by
engaging in consistent and ongoing dialogue. There is hope. Recently, Lithuanian
Ambassador Zygimantas Pavilionis hosted two roundtable discussions as first
steps in confronting head-on the Jewish community’s criticisms of
The first meeting was a discussion with major American Jewish
organizations; the second meeting invited both Jewish and non-Jewish
representatives of grassroots groups to discuss the novel and unprecedented
Sunflower Project, proposed by the Jewish Lithuanian Heritage
The ambassador expressed support for the Sunflower Project and
its three goals: strengthening communication between Jewish and non-Jewish
communities, educating and engaging youth, and reviving Jewish- Lithuanian
heritage projects, including the restoration of Jewish cemeteries in
In September, the Embassy of Lithuania sponsored a Cantorial
concert in Washington, DC, to benefit cemetery restoration.
December, in the spirit of sharing traditions, Ambassador Pavilionis will host
the Lithuanian Embassy’s first joint Hanukka and Christmas holiday party. Truth
be told, these initiatives are revolutionary in Lithuania’s history.
new generation of youth, teachers and government leaders in Lithuania is being
cultivated, and though it may take more than just one generation, we are
confident that the true version of Lithuania’s troubled past is now being
conveyed to the younger generation. The past cannot – and should not – be
forgotten, but nor should it be revised or amended to suit anyone’s
We are proud that the Sunflower project can support Lithuania in
its quest for an accurate sense of its own history and appreciation for the
better future that surely lies ahead.
Israel has a friend in Lithuania.
Let’s be honest about the value of that friendship.
The writers are,
respectively, chairman and advisory board member of the Jewish Lithuanian
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Mr. Rouse – Spring 2012 website: www.wssd.org/w.rouse
Geometry Class Policies, Procedures, and Requirements
The following policies have been established to assist in the smooth operation of my classroom, as well as the continued success of my students. Any questions or concerns should be directed to me immediately. I can be found most days in room 404 or you may email me.
Required Math Supplies
1) A 3-ring binder (dedicated solely to my class) divided into 6 sections:
2) A spiral notebook (that is 3-hole punched) in which to keep all theorems and postulates
3) All textbooks covered. Please use only spandex or paper covers. NO ADHESIVE COVERS!
4) Graphing calculator (TI-84 Plus or TI-NSpire)
5) At least 2 pencils
Policies and Procedures
1) Be on time and prepared for class. Class begins promptly at the time set by the school. Students reporting more than 5 minutes late must have a pass signed by an administrator or faculty member, otherwise the lateness will be considered unexcused. Accumulation of 3 unexcused latenesses will result in a teacher-assigned after school. Other disciplinary actions may also be taken as detailed in your student handbook.
2) Absences. When returning from absence, you have 2 days in which to present a gold pass indicating an excused absence in order to be allowed to make up work missed.
YOU are responsible to get all of the notes and assignments you missed and to turn in missing work upon return from absence!
Homework assigned from a textbook while you are absent is expected to be completed. You will not be excused from homework because you were absent unless a worksheet was assigned.
If you are absent on the day of a quiz or a test, you will have 2 days from the date of your return to make it up, except in the case of some unusual circumstance that would prevent you from making up the exam in that time period.
3) Assignments. All assignments MUST be completed in pencil! Homework completed in ink of any kind, erasable or not, will be given a zero, and any exam completed in ink will be penalized ONE FULL LETTER GRADE (an A will become a B, a B will become a C, and so on).
Unless otherwise notified, homework is to be placed in the basket at the front of the room as soon as you enter the room. A warm-up problem or activity will be assigned for you to begin working on, and your homework will be checked and returned to you.
4) Quizzes and tests will be given throughout the semester. There is no talking while an exam is in progress, even if you finish early. All questions during an exam should be directed to me.
Once quizzes have been graded and returned, you will be required to make corrections on a separate sheet of notebook paper. This will be counted as a homework assignment. As a way of helping you to keep your grades up, on any quiz, if you scored below 70% and would like to raise your grade to 70%, you will be required to get your quiz signed and make corrections with me after school. I will give you exactly one week (7 days) to do this. If the quiz is not signed, OR if you don’t make corrections with me, OR if you haven’t completed your corrections within a week (and have not been granted an extension by me), your grade will stand.
Corrections are required for tests as well, and parental signatures are required if you score lower than 70%. However, GRADES ON TESTS ARE FINAL AND CANNOT BE RAISED.
5) Cutting. If you cut class, you will receive a zero for any assignments or exams given. No exceptions will be made.
6) Inappropriate language and disruptive behavior will not be tolerated. Parents will be contacted as deemed necessary. (See “Respect Statement” below)
7) Homework will be assigned and checked on a daily basis. You are expected to complete your homework, showing all work, even if you are unsure of how to complete some of the problems. I would rather you complete a problem incorrectly than not complete it at all. There is no partial credit; homework is either done or not done.
8) Grades are based on a point system. Points are earned by homework, tests, quizzes, class activities, notebook checks. Final grades are calculated as follows: first quarter grade – 40%, second quarter grade – 40%, and final exam – 20%.
Strath Haven High School Respect Statement
All members of the school community are expected to be respectful of each other and welcoming to everyone regardless of race, nationality, religion, physical appearance or ability, intellectual capability, gender identity, sexual orientation, work ethic, or character.
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Palutang or glutenous rice balls are cooked every New Year. We cooked it because we believe to superstitious belief that it can bring good luck, para lumutang ang swerte – as in palutang. Cooking should be done at exactly 12 midnight of December 31.
1) Mix ground glutenous rice with water. Add water very slowly while mixing until a firm ball can be made out of the mixture.
2) Get a small lump of rice dough, about the size of a marble. Form it to round shape by mean of left and right palm. Then press lightly with fore finger.
3) Drop the palutang in boiling water one by one. Cooked palutang will float in about 30 seconds or less.
4) Get the floated rice balls and place them in cold water to prevent sticking.
5) Serve with muscovado sugar and grated coconut.
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Ireland's economy in facts and figures
(DUBLIN) - Herewith a few facts and figures on Ireland, which was the second eurozone to seek a bailout, agreeing an 85-billion-euro ($111-billion) European Union-International Monetary Fund rescue package in November last year.
DATE OF ENTRY INTO THE EUROZONE: Ireland was a member of the Economic and Monetary Union when it launched on January 1, 1999, ahead of the introduction of euro notes and coins into circulation in 2002.
PUBLIC DEBT: 144 billion euros in 2010, or 92.5 percent of GDP (Source: Eurostat). Forecast to grow to 108.1 percent of GDP in 2011, 117.5 percent in 2012 (European Commission)
PUBLIC DEFICIT: 31.3 percent of GDP in 2010 (Eurostat)
Forecast to drop to 10.3 percent of GDP in 2011, 8.6 percent in 2012, 7.8 percent in 2013 (European Commission)
GDP: 157 billion euros in 2011 (Eurostat forecast)
Forecast to grow 1.1 percent in 2012, 2.3 percent in 2013 (European Commission)
GDP per capita was 24,500 euros in 2010 (Eurostat).
ECONOMY: Once dubbed the "Celtic Tiger" for its strong economic growth, a banking crisis eventually forced the government to seek an 85-billion-euro EU-IMF bailout in November 2010. Other than tourism, Ireland's economy is heavily focused on exports. A low corporate tax rate of 12.5 percent has attracted numerous multinational set up shop in Ireland, particularly hi-tech companies.
INFLATION: 1.1 percent in 2011, 0.7 percent in 2012 (European Commission forecasts)
UNEMPLOYMENT: 14.4 percent in 2011, 14.3 percent in 2012 (European Commission forecasts)
CREDIT RATINGS: The major ratings agencies downgraded Ireland's ratings several times in the run up to and following its international bailout in November 2010. Standard and Poor's held Ireland's rating at BBB+ on January 13 when it lowered the ratings of nine of the 17 eurozone nations. Fitch put its BBB+ rating for Ireland on watch for possible downgrade on December 16. Moody's which stripped Ireland of an investment grade rating in July, giving it a Ba1, has said it plans to review all its EU ratings.
POPULATION: 4.58 million on January 2011 (Central Statistics Office estimate)
OFFICIAL LANGUAGE: Gaelic and English
Edna Kenny became prime minister of a coalition government in March 2011 after his Fine Gael topped early elections called over the country's crisis the previous month.
Michael Higgins was elected to the largely ceremonious presidency in October 2011 for a seven-year term.
Text and Picture Copyright 2012 AFP. All other Copyright 2012 EUbusiness Ltd. All rights reserved. This material is intended solely for personal use. Any other reproduction, publication or redistribution of this material without the written agreement of the copyright owner is strictly forbidden and any breach of copyright will be considered actionable.
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Nanoscale Photonics: Optics beyond the diffraction limit
Advancement in micro-fabrication has led to new opportunities to explore optics beyond the diffraction limit. This course reviews optical wave propagation in one, two and three dimensional photonic crystals using basic wave optical concepts and will describe enhanced optical emission and transmission, confocal microscopy, 4pi microscopy, optical scanning probe techniques and optical tweezers.
Wolfgang S. Bacsa Professor at the Solid State Physics Laboratory at the Université Paul Sabatier, France and visiting Research Professor at Boston University, USA. Dr. Wolfgang Bacsa is an expert in the emerging field of Nano-Optics and Carbon Nanotubes. He has a Ph.D. from the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zürich in Physics and has extensive experience in condensed matter physics, optics, microscopy, synthesis of ultra-thin films and nanostructured carbon. Dr. Bacsa worked at ETH Zürich, Penn State University and EPFL Lausanne. He is currently a professor at the Solid State Physics Laboratory at the University of Toulouse in southern France and a visiting Research Professor at Boston University. His research interests are in interference scanning optical probe microscopy and carbon nanotubes. He has more than 15 years of research experience and published more than 60 scientific papers. He received an Innovation prize in 1998 and has been an invited visiting scientist at SRI Menlo Park CA and University of Osaka, Japan.
Who Should Attend
This course is designed for engineers who need to know about photonic crystals and advanced optical imaging techniques.
Back to Workshops, Tutorials and Demos
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Skip Maine state header navigation
Skip First Level Navigation | Skip All Navigation
|Home | Contact Us | Back to Animal Health||
Site Map |
NARR Home > Nutrient Management Program
Nutrient Management Program
Over the years, Maine has seen an increased awareness of non-point source pollution such as nutrients and sediments. It became essential to develop a statewide Nutrient Management Program to target agriculture, a significant nutrient contributor to the waters of Maine. One fundamental goal of the Program is to implement education opportunities and best management practices to reduce nutrient loads into our waterbodies.
The Maine Nutrient Management Law establishing a comprehensive Nutrient Management Program was enacted in 1998. The Nutrient Management Rules that were developed based on the Nutrient Management Law have last been updated in February 2001. Surprisingly, the drive to regulate how nutrients are handled and used came from the farming community itself and a conviction amongst agricultural leaders that the best way to address the nutrient management issues was by being proactive about them.
About the Nutrient Management Law
The Law has two main components around which the different initiatives of the Nutrient Management Program gravitate. The first component is the ban on winter manure spreading effective December 1 of a calendar year to March 15 of the following calendar year. To comply with the Law, producers need to have either a manure storage facility or identified suitable stacking sites where manure can be stored until it can be spread after the ban. The State realizes these requirements may be an important financial burden on Maine farmers. For this reason, the Department helped develop a Nutrient Management Grant Program, and a Loan Program administered by the Finance Authority of Maine. These initiatives are intended to help farm operations comply with the Nutrient Management Law.
The second key element of the Nutrient Management Law is the Nutrient Management Plan. Numerous operations that meet specific conditions are required to develop a Nutrient Management Plan. The development and implementation of a plan results in a more efficient use of nutrients on agricultural land, thus reducing non-point source pollution associated with agricultural operations and its impact on water quality.
In addition to the two core provisions outlined above, the Nutrient management Law also established a Nutrient Management Review Board, whose role is to make recommendations to the Commissioner on issues pertaining to Nutrient Management. There are 7 Board members, each representing a different aspect of the agricultural community.
Finally, the Law requires that livestock operations meeting specific conditions obtain a Livestock Operation Permit (LOP) from the Department of Agriculture. The LOP may also be a joint LOP/MPDES permit when applicable.
The Nutrient Management Program is related to various degrees to many other agricultural programs and activities like the Agricultural Compliance Program, the Right to Farm Law, as well as various organizations like the Finance Authority of Maine, the Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) Offices and the Soil and Water Conservation Districts (SWCD). This is an important component in making the program efficient and useful, both for the farming community and the general public. The Nutrient Management Team also represents well this teamwork effort, and plays a fundamental role in the continuous success of the Maine Nutrient Management Program.
If you have questions about the Nutrient Management Program, you can contact Mark Hedrich, Nutrient Management Coordinator either through e-mail at email@example.com or by calling 207-287-7608. You can also mail in your questions to: Nutrient Management Program, 28 State House Station, Augusta, ME 04333-0028.
|Copyright © 2005 All rights reserved.|
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Maputo — Researchers from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and the United Nations have warned that Mozambique's infrastructure is vulnerable to extreme weather events that are becoming more frequent due to climate change.
According to MIT's Ken Strzepek, "in developing countries - and particularly in Africa - they are building their infrastructure at a very fast rate. They are also the most vulnerable to climate change impacts like flooding".
The researchers closely studied the projected change to Mozambique's climate and found that "it was clear that flooding and sea level rise would be two critical threats to the economy, and in particular to roads needed to transport food from rural farms to city populations".
Strzepek argues that "it would make sense for the government to spend the money now to build the roads in a way that makes them less vulnerable in the future".
Published in the "Review of Development Economics", the research on Mozambique finds that "climate change through 2050 is likely to place a drag on economic growth and development prospects. The economic implications of climate change appear to become more pronounced from about 2030. Nevertheless, the implications are not so strong as to drastically diminish development prospects".
The paper points out that "economic growth is widely held to depend on the quantity, quality, and orientation of a country's backbone infrastructure", and argues that the vulnerability of future infrastructure is "to a considerable degree, a matter of choice".
The researchers found that improved economic conditions in Mozambique have been felt by most segments of the population and that "the national poverty headcount fell from 69 to 55 per cent during 1997-2009, and infant mortality rates fell from 149 to less than 100 per 1000 births during 1996-2008. Education levels have also improved dramatically".
The authors of the report point out that "with agriculture accounting for about a quarter of Gross Domestic Product and three quarters of employment, improved rural infrastructure is often viewed as critical to future economic growth and poverty reduction".
They argue that "poor infrastructure, large distances, and associated weak market development generate large differences between farm gate and urban prices for agricultural products" and point out that "reducing these marketing margins results in strong poverty reductions, particularly if agricultural productivity rises simultaneously".
The researchers looked at four different climate change scenarios. Even in the scenario where Mozambique has a reduction in rainfall, there is a small increase in flooding although there is no increase in the probability of extreme flooding. In all the other cases, including the "global dry" scenario, the probability of extreme flooding events rises dramatically.
The paper concludes that "while the analysis conducted here does not favour a prophylactic policy of upgrading the road network, it should, in many instances, be reasonably obvious which portions of road are more likely to be subjected to flooding events. The concept extends well beyond roads. Indeed, the vulnerability profile of the large majority of the capital stock in 2050 is endogenous. By gradually channelling economic activity to areas less vulnerable to climate change (e.g. flooding events and sea level rise), the vulnerability of the economy can be greatly reduced, likely at very low cost. Simply accounting for the potential implications of climate change in decisions with respect to zoning and major public investments may be sufficient to substantially reduce the vulnerability profile in 2050 and beyond, when the implications of climate change are projected to manifest themselves with much greater force".
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Father H. Marchosky, RIP
Tu es Sacérdos in aeternum secundum ordinem Melchisedech
Michael J. Matt
|Editor, The Remnant|
Fr. Marchosky hears a
French boy's confession on the
Pilgrimage to Chartres, 1998
(www.RemnantNewspaper.com) At three o'clock this morning, December 11, within the Octave of the Feast of the Immaculate Conception, a great, Catholic priest died peacefully. Father Harry Marchosky had been ill for some time, and so had been in the good care of James and Patricia Haddock in Veneta, Oregon for the past five years. He died at home, just moments after having completed fifteen decades of the rosary with his friends. A priest for 55 years, he was 84.
The holy priest's last words on this earth were: "I love Our Lady so much. I want to go home." Requiem Mass will be at 11 am on Saturday, December 15, at St. Thomas Becket Church in Veneta, Oregon.
Longtime readers of The Remnant will surely recall the singular contribution to the cause of Tradition made by Father Marchosky. A Thomistic philosopher as well as an accomplished linguist, this convert from Judaism (and one of the founders of Thomas Aquinas College in California) never once offered the New Mass and yet remained in good standing with his bishop to the very end. The office of the Archbishop of Quebec (Father's bishop) warmly acknowledged Father's passing by telephone on the morning of his death, in fact.
Father Marchosky was fiercely loyal to Tradition, which meant he was fiercely loyal to the Church and to his vow of obedience. He carefully maintained what he called "loyal resistance" where his superiors were concerned, noting that they could order him to stop offering the Mass (and he would obey) but they could not force him to offer the New Mass. For over four decades, then, Father had been in a good position to offer example and advice to countless seminarians and young priests who learned to be loyal defenders of Tradition at the feet of Father Marchosky. In the last ten years of his life, he helped out wherever he could at the St. Society of St. Pius X's center in Veneta where he was cared for with great charity and love.
Over his career, Fr. Marchosky had worked closely with men such as Dr. Eric de Savanthem, Dr. John Senior, Hamish Fraser, Walter Matt and, of course, Michael Davies. It was Father Marchosky, in fact, who "discovered" a very young Mr. Davies on a trip to London in 1970, and subsequently encouraged him to form an alliance with The Remnant, which is how American Catholics came to know the great Mr. Davies.
Father was a chaplain for the U.S. Chapter on the Pilgrimage to Chartres many times, he was part of the great “March on Rome” in 1972, and met with Archbishop Lefebvre several times, including here in St. Paul when the Archbishop visited The Remnant in 1976.
The model of priestly virtue and commitment to his holy calling, Father Marchosky was responsible for many hundreds, perhaps thousands, of converts to traditional Catholicism. He was there from the very beginning, and one of the first priests in the world to become known as a "traditional" Catholic.
At seven years old, the present Editor of The Remnant served his first traditional Mass—one offered by the late, great Father Marchosky. It was an experience never to be forgotten because it was the first of many and served as unforgettable introduction to the “catacomb movement” that was traditional Catholicism in the early 1970s. Twenty-two years later, Fr. Marchosky would offer the Nuptial Mass when my wife and I were married. Were it not for this most courageous, holy, funny, brilliant and erudite priest—master of six languages, gourmet cook, theologian, expert on the writings of St. John of the Cross and Cardinal Newman, seminary professor, philosopher (who had much of the Summa literally committed to memory) and fan of Maria Callas's music and, believe it or not, Jack Benny's early work—many of us would likely not be traditional Catholics today.
Much more will be written about the life of this heroic alter Christus who gave up everything--career, power, prestige, a comfortable living--for Tradition and for his convictions, but for now I would ask Catholics to remember this great champion of the Catholic cause in your prayers, and, if you're able, have a Mass offered for the repose of his soul. After all Father Marchosky did for the traditional Mass movement over the past forty years, both here in the States and in Europe, it is only fitting that as many Masses as possible should be offered for his soul as quickly as possible.
The Church has lost one of her most able defenders, and we have lost a friend who can never be replaced but who will always be remembered. Eternal rest grant unto him, O Lord, and let perpetual light shine upon him. May his soul and all the souls of the faithful departed rest in peace. Amen
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MANILA — There is a growing clamor against President Benigno Aquino’s newly-approved Republic Act No. 10175 or the Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012. Various civil rights advocacy groups and political organizations are already demanding that the Supreme Court issues a temporary restraining order against the law’s implementation, which is slated to begin October 1, 2012.
In a recent round table discussion on the issue sponsored by Kabataan Party-list, various stakeholders said the cybercrime law has provisions that essentially imposed internet censorship. It said the new law posed a serious threat not only against internet freedom, but also to essential civil liberties including the freedom of speech and expression.
“The cybercrime law was enacted to ward off hacking, identity theft, data manipulation, and cybersex. But the insertion of provisions regarding online libel has totally changed the landscape,” said Kabataan Partylist Rep. Raymond Palatino.
ACT Teachers Party-list Rep. Antonio Tinio revealed that online libel and other contentious provisions in RA 10175 did not undergo deliberations in either the Lower House or the Senate, and were inserted only during the bicameral conference for the bill.
Tinio explained that the original bills filed in Congress were similar, as all were lifted in toto from the 2001 Budapest Convention on Cybercrime drawn by the Council of Europe.
“The Budapest Convention, however, does not contain any libel provisions. Such portions were added by the bicameral conference,” Tinio said.
Meanwhile, Jose Jesus Disini Jr., a technology law expert, pointed out that Section 19 of RA 10175 also effectively makes the Department of Justice an all-encompassing “Internet superpower.” Disini is also the director of the Internet and society program of the University of the Philippines College of Law.
Section 19 states, “When a computer data is prima facie found to be in violation of the provisions of this Act, the DOJ shall issue an order to restrict or block access to such computer data.”
Disini explained that under such provision, the DOJ can take down websites that it suspects – upon initial observation – to be violating RA 10175.
“This effectively gives the DOJ total control of the Internet in the Philippines. As only prima facie evidence is needed, the new law has done away with due process. Once the DOJ realizes this new power and uses this provision to take down what it considers as dissident websites – that would be the death of Internet freedom as we know it,” Disini said.
Palatino explained that online censorship under Section 19 is more encompassing than traditional censorship. “If for example, an online article is said to be libellous, DOJ may order the total shutdown of its host domain, effectively censoring not just the article in question, but also other articles in that site – a clear violation of the constitutional right to free speech.”
“And what about posts on Facebook and tweets? If some of those posts are found violating RA 10175, DOJ can theoretically block access not only to the posts in question, but to the whole social networking site,” Palatino said.
Worse than SOPA, PIPA
In the meantime, the Computer Professional Union pointed out that with Section 19, the Cybercrime Prevention Law has become far worse than the “Stop Online Piracy Act” and the “Protect IP Act,” that were pushed in the United States Congress earlier this year but failed to prosper.
CPU explained that Section 19 will have a “chilling impact” to bloggers, online journalists, advocacy groups and normal netizens, as any website can be shut down with accusations of infringement without due process.
A provision in the Cybercrime Prevention Law also effectively raises the punishment for crimes committed with the aid of computer systems.
Section 6 of RA 10175 states, “All crimes defined and penalized by the Revised Penal Code, as amended, and special laws, if committed by, through and with the use of information and communications technologies shall be covered by the relevant provisions of this Act, provided that the penalty to be imposed shall be one degree higher than that provided for by the Revised Penal Code, as amended, and special laws, as the case may be.”
The CPU said because the Lower House and the Senate did not hold nationwide public hearings and consultations on the crybercrime law, lawmakers essentially denied Filipinos their right to grant or deny prior and informed consent regarding supposedly legal attempts to dismantle the right to privacy and the right to free expression.
“The absence of meaningful consultations, explains what is wrong with the government’s conception of the internet in particular and information in general,” it said. “The Aquino administrations appears to be interested in getting information about its opponents, but would conveniently cite national security when the people demand full disclosure of government actions and full participation in hammering out measures such as this one.”
Punishment for online journalists and bloggers
Disini explained that a person who commits crimes such as theft and kidnapping with the aid of ICT may get six to to 30 more years in jail than those committing the same crimes without the use of computers and ICT.
“If a criminal uses e-mail to ask for ransom in a kidnapping, it would result to a longer prison sentence than if the criminal sent actual letters,” Disini said. He went on to explain that similarly, committing online libel will result to longer prison sentences.
The penalty for printed libel under the Revised Penal Code is only six months to four years. However, applying the “one degree higher” clause in RA 10175 when the libel is committed online, the penalty is raised to six to 12 years.
“The new law was seemingly drafted with the mindset that crimes committed online is graver than those committed in the real world. This poses a serious threat to online journalists and bloggers. Due to the vague provisions in RA 10175, even commenters and those that retweet libellous materials can also be incriminated,” Palatino said.
Bayan Muna Rep. Teddy Casiño for his part said that imposing the cybercrime law was like slapping libel charges on ordinary conversations.
“Imposing libel on the internet, particularly social media like Twitter and Facebook, is like imposing libel on ordinary conversations. Libel, if it is to be applied to social media at all, should have different parameters; but because the libel provision was inserted, the matter was not completely discussed or analyzed at all,” he said.
Cadiño said millions of people now use social media to express their personal views on a whole range of issues and topics. “Unlike the traditional mass media, which undergoes strict editorial regulation, social media is unregulated precisely to allow ordinary people to participate in the discourse. People even ‘chat’ on the internet now. Applying the old standards of libel will not do and will only serve to stifle freedom in cyberspace,” he stressed.
“We should immediately amend this law because it will create a chilling effect not just on journalists but on ordinary people who use the internet to express their views and opinions. It opens up to infringement of the constitutional right to freedom of expression and free speech.”
Casiño said Malacañang should suspend the implementation of the cybercrime law pending all protests against it.
“Everybody should be vigilant about this law because this feels somewhat like the prohibitions during Martial rule, only more high tech,” he said.
The transgender and gay members of the Progressive Organization of Gays (ProGay) are also wary that the cybercrime law open the floodgates to a new series of extortion and harassment campaigns against gays.
ProGay said the cybercrime law contains vague provisions that can criminalize a wide array of shared electronic activity between consenting lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) adults, and also invade their personal privacy.
Particularly worrying for ProGay is the definition of cybersex crime, which could fetch six to ten years of jail time or a fine of up to half a million pesos (US$11,950). “The willful engagement, maintenance, control, or operation, directly or indirectly, of any lascivious exhibition of sexual organs or sexual activity, with the aid of a computer system, for favor or consideration”.
“There are many transgenders who are forced by poverty into baring their bodies before a webcam just to feed their families and send their siblings to school, and they are unwilling victims of trafficking by profiteers. This law can potentially double the victimization of poor trans and gay persons because the terms ‘willful’ and ‘favor and consideration’ are so vague. The law can deem trafficked persons consented to work for pay,” explained Clyde Pumihic, secretary general of ProGay Baguio.
Pumihic added that for almost a century, transgender and gay Filipinos engaged in sex were targeted by police who used the recently abolished Anti-Vagrancy provision of the Revised Penal Code in the streets and bars. “But now, they have this PNP and NBI fielding the Office of Cybercrime agents who will stalk LGBTs by the thousands without even having to prowl on patrol cars, they just have to use a keyboard to down LGBTs. It’s like having the Vagrancy Law on Internet.”
Pumihic also warned that the cybercrime law can also be used by thugs, syndicates, and other private violent groups in entrapping and blackmailing innocent LGBTs who are simply surfing online for dates or fleeting acts of exposure. “Instead of protecting us from the real cybercriminals, this law will turning us into cybercriminals,” he said.
The group said if online sex is criminalized, HIV and STD transmission risks for LGBTs can increase.
“Consenting online sex using just shared images and words in real time are a safer alternative to meeting strangers who may use force to commit unsafe sex or life-threatening violent behavior. This law clearly can contribute to deaths by hate crimes or illnesses if online sex is penalized,” it said.
ProGay leader said the SC should declare the law unconstitutional because of its invasive threats against the private lives of LGBTs. The group also called on Aquino to instead work to pass the Anti-discrimination Law in Congress and provide decent jobs with living wages to save trans and gay persons from the clutches of cyberprostitution.
Nullify contentious provisions
Earlier this week, Disini filed a 31-page petition to nullify five provisions in the cybercrime law. He argued that the cybercrime law violates the people’s rights to freedom of expression, due process, equal protection and privacy of communication. The petition said the new law also violates constitutional sanctions against double jeopardy, undue delegation of legislative authority and right against unreasonable searches and seizure.
“This provision contains undue delegation of legislative authority, infringes upon the judicial power of the judiciary, and violates the petitioners’ constitutionally-protected right to due process and freedom of expression,” he said.
He also cited Section 12 of the law, which allows the National Bureau of Investigation (NBI) and Philippine National Police (PNP) to collect traffic data without intervention of a judge. This, Disini said, is unwarranted authority given to state agents to engage in wholesale surveillance of all cellular data, mobile, Internet and computer communications.
“This violates the public’s constitutionally protected right to be free from unreasonable searches and seizure as well as the right to the privacy of communications,” he said.
The petition also took issue against the warning made by one of the main proponents of the cybercrime law Sen. Vicente Sotto III that criminal charges can be filed against bloggers who ridiculed him for allegedly plagiarising an American blogger’s article and using it in his speech against the Reproductive Health bill.
Kabataan Partylist is also set to file a petition for prohibition against RA 10175 to the Supreme Court in the coming days.
According to James Mark Terry Ridon, president and general counsel of Kabataan Partylist, the youth group is set to challenge RA 10175 in the Supreme Court. “Several provisions in this law are clearly unconstitutional. We need to really challenge this in the high tribunal,” Ridon said.
“Apart from filing legal remedies, we need to raise public awareness on this issue. The government is taking our Internet freedom. There is an urgent call for us to reclaim it,” Palatino said. (Bulatlat.com)
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Bass, a member of the pop group *NSYNC and most recently a certified cosmonaut, said he was honored to be asked to attend HESTEC and have the opportunity to address students.
|Lance Bass spoke to students at The University of Texas-Pan American Sept. 28 at the Quad about his training and preparation to travel into space, as part of HESTEC Week activities.|
Bass addressed UTPA students and the community at the Quad. Many of the 2,000 students that Bass visited with at the different HESTEC venues throughout the day, congregated there to catch another glance at Bass while enjoying free food and drinks.
“I’m here for HESTEC Week which is very important to me because I am a huge space enthusiast,” Bass said. “I’m here to encourage you to stick with your goals and dreams.”
One in four students in the United States is Hispanic, but only four percent are in science and engineering fields, he said.
“We need more scientists and we need more engineers from the Hispanic community,” Bass said. “I would love to encourage that.”
Between enthusiastic crowd members shouting “We love you Lance,” Bass told the story of his preparation and training to venture into space.
At age eight, Bass’ dream was to become an astronaut, but that dream was put on hiatus when he began a music career at 16. Two and a half years ago, his dream was rekindled when he was asked to train to be the youngest person to fly into space.
|Eve Robledo, first-place contest winner and La Joya student, pictured left of center, and her classmates, pose for a picture with Bass, pictured right of center, at the International Trade and Technology Building Sept. 28.|
“The training was probably the hardest thing I’ve had to do in my life,” Bass said. “I was very dedicated because that’s what I wanted to do.”
Upon completion of his classes, he was certified by both the Russian Space Program and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) for an upcoming mission aboard a Soyuz capsule.
“In anything in life you’re going to go through obstacles,” Bass said. “If you keep working at it, you’re eventually going to get there. I’m still working on that dream and it’s looking pretty good.”
Bass said his grandfather inspired him to be an astronaut. While growing up in Mississippi, his family would drive to Florida to watch shuttle launches, he said.
“That’s what really got me into wanting to be a space engineer,” Bass said. “Continue to study hard in math and science. I’m telling you, that’s our future. You can do anything you want to do. The future is open to all of you.”
UTPA students were surprised, but delighted to see Bass on campus and listen to him speak.
“I think it was very unusual, but at the same time nice to see someone like Lance come to UTPA. It was nice to see someone who everyone looks up to and admires come here and give us some good advice, and also help us in promoting education and encouraging people to get into math and the sciences,” Shaadi Khademi, a freshman majoring in biology/pre-med said. “It was really nice and cool, because here in the Valley you don’t see celebrities like that.”
|Sergio Suarez, a 10th grade student from PSJA High School, second place contest winner is pictured right of center, and his classmates, pose for a picture with Bass, pictured left of center, at UTPA Sept. 28.|
Out of numerous entries, Eve Robledo, a 12th grade student at La Joya High School placed first and Sergio Suarez, a 10th grade student from PSJA High School, placed second. Both winners brought along classmates, teachers and school administrators to meet Bass at the International Trade and Technology Building at UTPA.
Robledo, who found out she won the contest the day before, was very surprised she won and was even more thrilled about the opportunity to talk to Bass. Robledo, who considers herself “a big fan” of Bass’ said the advertisement in the newspaper prompted her to enter the contest.
“I was so glad I got to meet him. I want to major in aerospace engineering and I want to work at NASA some day, so this is really motivating,” Robledo said, who was nearly speechless after meeting Bass and having her picture taken with him.
Suarez, whose mom entered him into the contest, said he and his classmates were excited to be there too.
Administrators and staff of the two selected high schools said the campuses have been enthusiastic about the win.
|Bass holds up the Milestones for Peace stone he signed at the UTPA Visitors Center Sept. 28.|
Bass’ final stop at the University led him to the Visitors Center where he was given a special preview of the Milestones for Peace exhibit, an international art display designed to trigger public discourse about peace and encourage people to promote a culture of harmony among all nations. What began as a single stone has grown to more than 500 stones from all around the world. While many stones are artistically designed, some stones remain unaltered and are signed by celebrities, kings, presidents and spiritual leaders. After touring the exhibit and learning about the history of the project, Bass signed a stone.
“I think it (signing the stone) is a huge honor,” Bass said. “The people who have signed these stones have been amazing world leaders. I just want to do my part and help carry on the peace.”
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NORTH CAROLINA SECTION NEWS - August 2011
Posted Aug 31, 2011
HURRICANE IRENE - Much appreciation goes to the thousands of operators across the state who got on the air to help with Hurricane Irene emergency communications. Fortunately for many North Carolinians, public communications infrastructure remained intact, and the services of Amateur Radio were not needed on a widescale basis. Hams in the northeastern counties and on the Outer Banks saw tremendous damage. North Carolina Emergency Management's Eastern Branch Regional Coordination Center (RCC) in Kinston was a hotbed of activity through Tuesday. The Tar Heel Emergency Net (THEN) was on the air almost continuously from last Thursday through Monday. Many thanks to THEN Net Manager Mark Cantrell, KD4IMA, and his dedicated team of THEN volunteers. Also kudos must go to the dozens of ARES groups throughout North Carolina which monitored events both inside and outside affected areas. Public officials are very aware that Hams were well organized and trained, and on standby to help.
REPEATER REFRESHER - Disasters like Hurricane Irene cause repeaters to light up as new and inactive operators gather on air with reports but also to find out what's going on. It's important we all welcome such operators but they may need gentle reminders about when to identify, to wait for courtesy tones, allow for time between transmissions, and to observe Net Control Station (NCS) instructions during directed nets, especially on repeaters designated for ARES or SKYWARN. During declared emergencies and net activations, nets should function with order. Many government officials as well as the public listen to Amateur Radio repeaters on scanners, so we always should be at our best.
MEDIA HITS - August was a busy media month before Hurricane Irene hit. The Shelby Star ran a story on Cleveland County Amateur Radio Society's new repeater being installed. The News of Orange County ran a profile on the Orange County Radio Association (OCRA) entitled, "For the Love of It". Hurricane Irene prompted Time-Warner Cable's News 14 in Raleigh to do a story on Amateur Radio EmCOMM, and the Wilmington Star News showcased the role of ARES at the New Hanover County Emergency Operations Center (EOC). In an ironic twist, a production company for The Weather Channel contacted me two weeks before Irene came ashore to ask for Hams to interview about supplying EmCOMM during Hurricane Earl last year. That program is expected to air next July.
NATIONAL PREPAREDNESS MONTH (NPM) - In the last two weeks North
Carolina has experienced tornadoes, an earthquake and a hurricane.
It's only fitting that the Federal Emergency Management Association
(FEMA) declare September as National Preparedness Month. For the past
few years, many Ham Radio clubs and ARES organizations from across the
country and North Carolina have registered as NPM coalition supporters.
To join and show that Amateur Radio is a key resource in times of
disaster, go to
MIRIAM SMITH AWARD WINNER - Congratulations to Bob Rodgers, KC4TVO, of Bakersville for being the 2011 winner of this prestigious award, which is presented annually by the Western Carolinas Amateur Radio Society in memory of SK Miriam Smith, KB4C, who was RACES officer and ARES EC for Buncombe County. Bob was cited for his work in setting up voice and digital communications at the Blue Ridge Hospital in Spruce Pine, and for his many humanitarian missions as part of medical teams in Honduras, where he provides Winlink connections for doctors on behalf of patients in jungle villages.
PEN PAL PROGRAM - Many of us remember "Pen Pal" programs from
elementary school where we exchanged letters with people elsewhere to
find out more about them, their cultures and their lives. There's a
new Yahoo Group devoted to setting a "Pen Pal" service using
National Traffic System (NTS) radiograms. The purpose of the group is
to improve traffic handling skills by exchanging radiograms with other
"Pen Pals". More information and sign up at:
NTS REPORTS - July, 2011. QNI (Net Stations Check-In) 3234 (up 217 or 7%). Messages passed 504 (down 192 or 27%). STATION ACTIVITY REPORTS (SARs) K4IWW 369, W4DNA 153, WK4P 140, W2EAG 125, W4TTO 55, KC4PGN 42, KE4AHC 39, W3HL 37, KA4IZN 21, W4AJT 17, WB4Y 13. PUBLIC SERVICE HONOR ROLL (PSHR) K4JUU 140, WK4P 140, W4DNA 135, K4IWW 130, W2EAG 110, KA4IZN 106, W4TTO 105
SKs - We regret to report the passing of the following Hams: Paul Copeland, K4KCS, of Greenville; Jack Miller, KK4UH, of Denton; Jim Rogers, N4FHM, of Fayetteville.
HAMFESTS - September 3-4, Shelby Hamfest, Dallas, NC. Talk-In 146.88
and 147.12 For more info to go
PUBLIC SERVICE - September 7, Carolina Cycling Time Trial, Lowes
Motor Speedway, Concord. For more info go to
SPECIAL EVENT STATIONS - Sep 17-Sep 18, 1300Z-2100Z, K4EG, Carousel Festival, Celebrating 101 Years of the Dentzel Carousel, Burlington. Alamance Amateur Radio Club. 14.275 7.200. QSL. Carousel Festival, c/o K4EG, PO Box 391, Elon, NC 27244; Sep 24, 1330Z-1830Z, NC4AR, Everybody's Day, Thomasville. Tri-County Amateur Radio Club. 7.210 145.29, 53.010, Linked. Certificate. NC4AR, PO Box 747, Trinity, NC 27370. Oldest Festival in North Carolina.
THE LAST WORD - The mark of a good Ham Radio operator is to listen, and there were many listeners last week during and after Hurricane Irene. All of us should take pride at the professionalism almost all Hams exhibited as we faced communications outages. Simulated Emergency Test (SET) exercises are helpful training tools, but there is no substitute for the real thing. Yes, there were some gaffs last week, but most seemed to center around casual operators forgetting net and operating procedures on repeaters. The best surprise came from ARES organizations. Hurricane Irene was the first large scale disaster since National Incident Management System (NIMS) and Incident Command Structure (ICS) training became mandatory for ARES officials holding appointments of Emergency Coordinator (EC) or higher. When Irene hit land last week, 55 of North Carolina's 100 counties had ARES ECs trained in the ICS system. More importantly, many counties have over 250 Assistant ECs (AECs) who have completed ICS courses 100, 200, 700 and 800. The results were that if you monitored ARES communications, you heard a smooth, confident flow of traffic. Preliminary reports show that ARES performed very well. Many thanks to former Section Emergency Coordinator (SEC) Bernie Nobles, WA4MOK, who began to implement the NIMS/ICS system in North Carolina ARES, and to current SEC Tom Brown, N4TAB, and his team who expanded the program dramatically in the last year. In a large disaster like Hurricane Irene we need the services of all Hams - both those ICS credentialed performing official government assigned tasks, and those who are conscientious operators relaying informal, but still vital, traffic. Let's not have another hurricane for a long time, but when we do, we'll be ready.
I look forward to seeing many of you this weekend at the Shelby Hamfest.
73 de Bill Morine, N2COP ARRL North Carolina Section Manager
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Your body needs some cholesterol to work well. But it only needs a limited amount to meet its needs. Unhealthy levels of any of these fats in your blood can put you at risk for heart disease. Ask your doctor if you should have your cholesterol levels checked.
Total cholesterol is a measure of all the fats (lipids) in your blood:
||(“bad cholesterol”) may cause a buildup in your arteries and increase your chance of heart disease
||(“good cholesterol”) may help clean plaque from the blood
||are fats carried in the blood from the food we eat, and are also made in the liver
An elevated level of cholesterol in the blood is one of the main causes of coronary heart disease, so it is important to have your cholesterol checked at regular intervals. How often you should have your cholesterol levels checked depends on your specific risk factors for heart disease, so ask your doctor what your risk factors are and how often you should be tested.
The lipids in your blood—LDL, triglycerides, and HDL—make up your total cholesterol number. The recommended cholesterol test that looks at the main parts of cholesterol is called a lipoprotein (or lipid) profile. It's taken using a small sample of blood from the finger or arm following a 9- to 12-hour period without food, liquid, or oral medications. Cholesterol levels are measured as milligrams of cholesterol per deciliter of blood, or mg/dL.
Once you know your triglyceride, LDL, and HDL numbers, you can work with your doctor to get them to the healthy range.
Your LDL goal depends on how many risk factors* you have.
- Below 160 mg/dL if you have 1 or no risk factors
- Below 130 mg/dL if you have 2 or more risk factors
- Below 100 mg/dL if you have heart disease or diabetes
*Risk factors for heart disease include age, family history, high blood pressure, cigarette smoking, and low HDL.
You want your triglycerides to be lower:
- A normal triglyceride level is less than 150 mg/dL
- Borderline high is between 150 and 199 mg/dL
- High is between 200 and 499 mg/dL
- Very high is 500 mg/dL and higher
You want your HDL to be higher:
- High HDL is 60 mg/dL or higher
- Low HDL is less than 40 mg/dL
Know your numbers and ask your doctor to help you set goals based on your specific medical history and risk factors.
This guide can help you keep track of your cholesterol.
Download and print a full set of health risk charts and bring them with you to all your check-ups to help you monitor your health risks.
1. WebMD Web site. High cholesterol risk factors. http://www.webmd.com/cholesterolmanagement/guide/high-cholesterol-risk-factors. Accessed February 8, 2012.
2. American Heart Association. What Your Cholesterol Levels Mean. Available at: http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/Conditions/Cholesterol/AboutCholesterol/What-Your-Cholesterol-Levels-Mean_UCM_305562_Article.jsp. Last update June 13, 2011. Accessed June 20, 2011.
3. National Institutes of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services. Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III). Final Report. Bethesda, MD: National Institutes of Health; 2002. NIH Publication 02-5215.
4. Data on file. Yankelovich men’s “Drive for Five” health campaign report survey. Conducted June 20-28, 2012.
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Dec 3 2011
Absolutely breathtaking! World's 2nd largest aquarium is located within the Ocean Expo Commemorative National Government Park in Okinawa, Japan.
Make sure you watch this in full screen mode with sound on. Simply breathtaking.
The main tank, called the Kuroshio Sea, holds 7,500 cubic metres (1,981,000 USgal) of water and features an acrylic glass panel measuring 8.2 by 22.5 metres (27 by 74 ft) with a thickness of 60 centimetres (24 in), the largest such panel in the world when the aquarium was opened.
Whale sharks and manta rays are kept alongside many other fish species in the main tank. The first manta ray birth at the aquarium was in 2007. As of July 2010, there have been a total of four manta rays born in the aquarium.
The aquarium holds 80 species of coral. It is one of only a few aquariums that keeps whale sharks in captivity, and is currently trying to breed them.
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Jul 24 2011
This amazing fish tank is located in Berlin, Germany inside of a hotel/office building complex. It is 25 meters tall and is built out of acrylic glass. It has a see-through elevator inside of the cylinder and cost about 12.8 million euros.
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Kevin Heckle (24 March 2011)
"RE: Missing Time"
In reference to the bogus NASA story by which they supposedly measured
some missing time. That story has been debunked a gazillion times
over. The person who started it back in the sixties admitted
having no proof of his claim and could not produce the supposed NASA
Even more so, the story has no merit as there is absolutely NO FRAME OF REFERENCE to make such a measurement.
I believe the Biblical accounts of extended days. However, there
is no point in time from before then until now by which missing time
could be subtracted.
As an example of missing time that DOES HAVE A FRAME OF
REFERENCE: we can measure a shortened day (caused be recent
earthquake) as we had a measurement of the day length (to the
microsecond)as it was the day before the earthquake.
Lover's of the Lord love the truth, not urban legends or old wive's tales.
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The first half of the twentieth century encompassed two world wars and a crippling economic depression. As I explored these decades, I discovered the lives of ordinary men and women who contributed in extraordinary ways to their countries, communities and families. They shouldered burdens we can never imagine and sacrificed daily while upholding the values of duty, freedom, honour and decency. From their stories several themes emerged.
My historical novels consider the impact of war on men and women – the stress, horror, fear, privations, and secrecy that pervade everyday life and relationships with both expected and unexpected consequences. The more I read, the more I understood and the more incomprehensible it became.
Love sustains and love destroys. At times, a man or woman asks too much in the name of love. Usually marriage begins in love, sometimes marriage ends in love.
Tradition brings comfort and security as well as structure and constraint. In today’s western society, tradition plays a minor role; in our parents and grandparents’ times tradition had a more respected position. Those who question tradition or seek to change it usually collide with prevailing power structures.
For whom and under what circumstances do we sacrifice? And what will we sacrifice in the melting pot of love, family, war, country, honour and duty?
The twentieth century brought incredible change for women. I am interested in portraying how strong women find outlets for their desires and balance in life and marriage, a theme which still has relevance today.
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blade typically about 12 inches in diameter
rotating serrated circular blade
The buzzsaw is a tool mainly used for cutting wood. It is commonly table-mounted to reduce the danger of cutting/dismembering the user. Traditionally, it was water-powered and were too large to be used by two hands; subsequently, they were placed in saw mills. The circular wheel-blade has teeth and is made of steel. The tool is seen as a weapon in many works of fiction, including movies and video games.
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Artists Could Not Sell Music Without Radio
It's an issue Gordon Smith has been predicting would come back to haunt radio for years to come. As Pandora CEO Joe Kennedy tries to force government to lower what his unregulated company pays to make his business model work successfully, the radio industry is being held upside down by its ankles so the government can shake more money out of its pockets. Here's the most chilling statement from this weeks "fairness" hearing. Democratic Representative Mel Watt said "the exemption for terrestrial radio is about 90 percent of the problem."
NAB CEO Gordon Smith disagrees with Watt and predicted on Jim Bohannon's radio program that if government slaps radio with a performance tax, it will just result in less music. All radio stations should be paying close attention to Smith and the NAB and get as involved as possible before its too late. Smith said it's just a matter of economics. If radio had to pay a performance fee on terrestrial royalty tax on music it plays over the air, a lot of stations would just go away.
Conversely, Smith says, when you look at digital radio that is streamed on digital devices, we do pay a performance tax on that. "Those radio stations that stream, they do it for brand extension and promotion. They are not making any money on that therefore that whole segment, in time, will just plateau. If there's a performance fee imposed on terrestrial radio, there will just be a whole lot less music. And there would be radio stations that would go away, or convert to talk radio. It's just a matter of economics. Rightly or wrongly, we pay a royalty to the creators of the music, not all the different bands that play the music. Their economic relationship is with the labels, with selling tickets at concerts, souvenirs and being famous and we don't charge them for that. They would not have a promotional vehicle without terrestrial radio."
As one reader at radioink.com put it, "I have no problem paying the artists performance royalties. So where do I send our rate card so I can be paid for my air time. I guess I can ask the record label reps when they call our station asking us to play this artist or that artist."
Another reader asks the question, Can any of these legislators get their head around the business model for radio? "Their comments make them seem out of touch and unable to grasp simple economics. Performance royalties are fine but performers receive promotional value and historically were partners with advertisers and radio folks in providing the mechanism for free emergency alerts, news, sports. If they pull out, and we know advertisers are pulling out - how does radio continue to provide all this for free?"
Smith said It's a tragedy what the Internet has done to the recording industry. "You see file shares where people don't pay for music. Outside of Wal-Mart you don't see places to buy music because people just get it off the Internet. A lot of people don't buy music any more. That has disrupted their business model. We maintain there is still promotional value of radio playing their music. We don't charge them for it. There's no Payola. In fact, you'd sell no music if you did not have radio. Artist after artist thanks radio for playing their music because that's how they become famous."
You can listen to the full Bohannon interview with NAB CEO Gordon Smith HERE
(5/19/2013 8:00:25 AM) |
489lXz <a href="http://focmzsrvzkzh.com/">focmzsrvzkzh</a>, [url=http://dtgwrmjsqnmx.com/]dtgwrmjsqnmx[/url], [link=http://ghlvuqlhsykx.com/]ghlvuqlhsykx[/link], http://jptoxscshdix.com/
(12/4/2012 3:54:24 PM) |
Everyone forgets that radio is already paying five or
six per cent of its revenue to the composers to groups such as ASCAP, BMI, and SESAC.
Additional payments to the artists will bankrupt
radio. I recommend that total payments to all composers and artists be capped at five per cent of adjusted revenues and divided up between all of them. End of story. If this does not happen, I urge stations to record their own music or buy a service that provides music including artists compensation.
|- bud longhorn|
(12/3/2012 5:07:57 PM) |
What's interesting is that radio is still a major means for people to discover music. I think the demand is there. In the UK we have an estimated 89% of over 15-yr olds who listen to radio every week. There must be a solution for the business model that can be found! (data is from http://www.rajar.co.uk/content.php?page=news)
|- Christian Miccio|
(12/3/2012 10:45:15 AM) |
The title of this article is correct. But the inverse is also correct: Radio could not sell advertising without artists.
And now, radio means Pandora, Slacker, iHeart, etc. Those radio outlets have picked up the slack where old radio has failed- AND they are good partners to the labels and artists. It's evolution, baby.
But yeah- keep doubling down on Rush and Imus while doing nothing to develop new non-music content. That should work out for you just fine.
|- Jason Gold|
(11/30/2012 8:05:50 PM) |
I didn't realize that Radio Ink ran humor pieces.
Add a Comment | View All Comments
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Today’s committee hearing on charter schools illuminated the powerful impact charters are having on student achievement, and their particular ability to close achievement gaps in states throughout the country. Despite the existence of over 4,600 charter schools in 40 states – with an estimated enrollment of 1.4 million students – the news on the charter school front is not all positive.
Rep. Buck McKeon (R-CA) reported that there are overwhelming barriers to the expansion of charter schools due to hostile state legislatures and arbitrary caps, and that 26 states now have caps or limits to charter growth:
These caps are often the consequence of legislative trade-off – representing political deal-making designed to appease special interests who prefer the status quo rather than reasoned education policy. As a result of the caps, children across the country now languish on daunting wait lists, just waiting to enroll in the public school of their choice, simply because it happens to operate as a charter. An estimated 365,000 students are on charter school wait lists today. That’s enough students to fully enroll 1,100 new averaged-size charter schools.
Testimony provided at the hearing demonstrated that it is the autonomy and flexibility of charters that make them so effective. Barbara O’Brien, the Lieutenant Governor of Colorado, testified that it is the inherent difference between charters and traditional public schools that make them successful.
In Colorado, for example, 97 percent of charters use models that are different from traditional schools, including Montessori, experiential learning, and technology-based curricula, among others. Charter schools create opportunities and open doors for kids who would otherwise be left behind. They do it by using the best of the American spirit — entrepreneurship, innovation, and hard work. They are an asset, not a threat, to our public education system… I view charter schools as education laboratories – taking risks, trying new things, developing alternatives, and pushing the reform envelope. Districts are learning every day from successful models and can deploy their knowledge in other schools.
Lt. Governor O’Brien stated that there are several approaches that add to the efficacy of charters, including more hours per school day, more days per year, good principals, high performance standards, and innovation. The ability to attract the most highly qualified teachers was also noted as a key component to ensuring the success of charter schools. John King the co-founder of Roxbury Preparatory Charter School in Boston reported that a single teaching position is filled from a pool of 80 to 100 highly qualified applicants.
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(CNN) -- The Organization of Islamic Cooperation suspended Syria Wednesday from membership.
"There is a strong concern over the massacres and the inhumane acts that are being committed against the Syrian people," said Nizar bin Obaid Madani, Saudi Arabia's state minister for foreign affairs.
"Therefore, the leaders agreed on the importance of preserving the unity of Syria, the immediate end of all acts of violence and the suspension of Syrian membership within OIC," the minister said after a two-day summit of OIC heads of state.
Iran and Algeria were the sole opponents in the 57-nation body, which represents 1.5 billion Muslims.
The organization's move sends a message to Syrian President Bashar al-Assad that its members will not accept the regime killing its people, OIC Secretary-General Ekmeleddin Ihsanoglu told CNN.
He also called on the U.N. Security Council to approve tougher resolutions against the regime.
Asked if OIC members supported military intervention, Ihsanoglu said he heard few such calls.
U.S. State Department spokeswoman Victoria Nuland commended the move. "Today's action underscores the Assad regime's increasing international isolation and the widespread support for the Syrian people and their struggle for a democratic state that represents their aspirations and respects their human rights," she said in a statement.
The development came as would-be rescuers searched for survivors amid the rubble left after Syrian government forces shelled a town in Aleppo province near the border with Turkey, killing 40 people, a spokesman for the rebel Syrian National Council told CNN.
"We have no special equipment to search or lift the wreckage," said the spokesman, Abu Omar, by Skype from the province. "People are doing it using their bare hands and rudimentary tools."
Another 40 people in the town of Azzaz were missing after the shelling, which targeted a popular food market, Omar said.
Among the dead were four Lebanese hostages who had been taken by an armed group called "the revolutionaries of Aleppo" that is not affiliated with the Free Syrian Army, he said.
He described the victims as civilians, including women and children, and said the town was without electricity.
The attack came after government had warned members of the al-Tawheed Brigade, the main rebel group fighting in the city of Aleppo, to pull its fighters out of the city or face shelling from warplanes, Omar said.
Inside Aleppo, Syria's largest city, the rebels "continued clashes today with the regime forces in Salaheddine district" and Bab el-Nasr neighborhood, killing a rebel commander, he added.
Meanwhile, a United Nations commission concluded Wednesday that both Syrian regime forces and anti-government rebels have committed war crimes in the Syrian conflict.
The U.N. Independent International Commission of Inquiry said government forces and their Shabiha militia allies committed crimes against humanity such as "murder and torture, war crimes and gross violations of international human rights and humanitarian law, including unlawful killing, indiscriminate attacks against civilian populations and acts of sexual violence."
In the town of Houla on May 25, the commission said, al-Assad's forces and militia allies were responsible for killing more than 100 civilians, nearly half of them children.
The anti-government armed groups that have emerged over the past year also have committed war crimes, including "murder, extrajudicial killings and torture," the report says. But the commission says these actions "were not of the same gravity, frequency and scale as the ones perpetrated by government forces and the militia."
Since February 15, the report says, "the situation in the country has deteriorated significantly with armed violence spreading to new areas and active hostilities raging between rebels and the government and the militias."
The violence continued Wednesday, with at least 205 people killed, the opposition Local Coordination Committees of Syria said. Ninety of them were in Aleppo province, and most of them were in Azzaz, a town near the Turkish border that was shelled by regime warplanes.
Opposition activists have put the death toll in the 17-month crisis at more than 20,000.
CNN's Arwa Damon in Beirut, Amir Ahmed and Holly Yan in Atlanta, Ben Wedeman in Aleppo, Nic Robertson in Jeddah contributed to this report.
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Federal Reserve Chairman Ben Bernanke testifies before the Senate Banking Committee in Washington last month. Some analysts wonder if he and other policymakers have kept interest rates too low for too long.
The stock market's long climb from its recession bottom has some people concerned it may be a bubble about to burst — a bubble artificially pumped up by the Federal Reserve's easy-money policy. That's led to calls — even from within the Fed — for an end to the central bank's extraordinary efforts to keep interest rates low.
Illustration of the High Arctic camel on Ellesmere Island during the Pliocene warm period, aboutthree-and-a-half million years ago. The camels lived in a boreal-type forest. The habitat includeslarch trees and the depiction is based on records of plant fossils found at nearby fossil deposits.
We turn now to the last U.S. ambassador stationed in Venezuela. Patrick Duddy represented the U.S. first under the Bush administration then later under the Obama administration. He was once expelled from Caracas. Ambassador Duddy is now a visiting senior lecturer at Duke University's Center for International Studies. When we spoke today, I asked him what it was like for him to be an ambassador to Venezuela under Chavez.
The House has approved a bill to fund the federal government through the end of September. The $982 billion continuing resolution introduced by Rep. Harold Rogers (R-KY), who heads the Appropriations Committee, would avoid a potential government shutdown on March 27.
Ten years and $60 billion in taxpayer funds later, Iraq is still so unstable and broken that even its leaders question whether U.S. efforts to rebuild it were worth the cost. That's the finding of a report to Congress by Stuart Bowen, the Special Inspector General for Iraq Reconstruction.
A decade and $60 billion later what does the U.S. have to show for the reconstruction efforts in Iraq? That's the question being answered by the Special Inspector General for Iraq Reconstruction in his final report to Congress.
The report by Stuart Bowen was based upon audits and inspections, as well as interviews with Iraqi and U.S. officials and politicians. Here's the crux of what happened to that money, according to the report:
I first encountered Hugo Chavez in Caracas, starring in his own television show, Hello, Mr. President. I couldn't take my eyes of the program, which began at 11 a.m. and ended after 7 p.m.
It was an endurance test for even the most die-hard sycophants and terrific entertainment for a first-time viewer. While the camera would pan droopy-eyed Cabinet members seated in the front row, El Presidente showed no signs of flagging.
At the seven-hour mark, he chirped, "Bueno!" and declared, "It's early! Let's keep talking."
The world often feels full of fading traditions, from drive-in movie theaters to the dying art of good old-fashioned letter writing.
For the British, add brass bands to that list. Traditional brass bands have played an important cultural role in working-class British communities for centuries. But some warn that without funding, they could become a thing of the past.
Take the Grimethorpe Colliery Band in South Yorkshire. The band was originally formed in 1917, and nearly 100 years later, a group of tuba, euphonium and other horn players still bears the band's name.
Republican Sens. John McCain of Arizona, Lindsey Graham of South Carolina and Kelly Ayotte of New Hampshire at the Capitol last month. The senators are among a group invited to dine Wednesday with President Obama.
President Obama recently acknowledged the obvious: He doesn't have the supernatural powers necessary to do a mind meld, Jedi or otherwise, with Republican congressional leaders that would lead to pacts on fiscal policy or anything else for that matter.
But if he doesn't have the power to force meetings of the minds with his Republican opponents, he can at least still get meetings with them.
Popping up on the president's schedule all of a sudden was a Wednesday night dinner at a Washington, D.C., hotel with a group of GOP senators.
Medical marijuana on display at the grand opening of the Northwest Cannabis Market's Seattle location in February. While recreational pot use is now legal in Washington, the state has not yet issued rules governing the industry.
Attorney General Eric Holder appeared before the Senate Judiciary Committee on Wednesday to answer questions on everything from gun control to the Department of Justice's failure to prosecute Wall Street. But he was also asked about an issue proponents of marijuana legalization have been following closely: what the DOJ plans to do about Colorado and Washington state, which have defied federal law by legalizing recreational use of the drug.
It's been nearly two months since a masked man in Moscow threw sulfuric acid in the face of the Bolshoi Ballet's artistic director, Sergei Filin. He suffered burns and his sight was damaged. Well, today, Moscow police announced they've arrested three men who have confessed to the crime and that includes a lead soloist with the Bolshoi.
The police released footage of the dancer after his arrest. He's 29-year-old Pavel Dmitrichenko.
CLAUDIO SANCHEZ, BYLINE: This is Claudio Sanchez in Washington, D.C. By mid-afternoon, some parts of west and northern Virginia had gotten a foot of snow. Washington, D.C. was expecting at least half that, so area airports cancelled more than a thousand flights. Schools closed. So did federal and local government offices. Things look bad.
CHRIS VACCARO: This is certainly a significant storm and a dangerous storm.
SANCHEZ: That's Chris Vaccaro with the National Weather Service.
This is ALL THINGS CONSIDERED from NPR News. I'm Melissa Block.
AUDIE CORNISH, HOST:
And I'm Audie Cornish. Today in Arkansas, the country's most restricted ban on abortion survived a veto challenge. The Arkansas House voted to override the Governor's veto. The new law bans most abortions after 12 weeks of pregnancy. NPR's Kathy Lohr has this story.
In the nation's capitol, that Snowquester, the storm we mentioned, has mostly been rain so far. But across the country a blanket of freshly fallen snow, some of it more than a foot deep, now extends from the Dakotas to the Eastern Seaboard. Thousands of flights have been cancelled and nearly 200,000 homes and businesses in the Mid-Atlantic region lost power. We have two reports, starting in Chicago with NPR's David Schaper.
Now, more on the long speech Carrie mentioned from Republican Senator Rand Paul of Kentucky. He's engaged in an old fashioned stand on the floor and talk till you can't filibuster. It began shortly before noon, aimed at blocking the president's nomination of John Brennan to head the CIA.
SENATOR RAND PAUL: I've chosen to make a stand on this one and not so much the person, but the principle of this. I have nothing personally against Brennan. I have nothing personal against the president.
From NPR News, this is ALL THINGS CONSIDERED. I'm Audie Cornish.
MELISSA BLOCK, HOST:
And I'm Melissa Block. It began around mid-day today, while wet snow fell on Washington D.C. Inside the Capitol building, a conservative Republican senator began to talk and talk - and talk. Rand Paul launched a filibuster to block the nomination of John Brennan for CIA director because of concerns over the administration's drone policies.
Near the front of an airport security line, you've probably noticed a clear, plastic bin filled with contraband - you know, the pocket-knives and other items passengers have to surrender in order to get on the plane.
Well, starting late next month, that bin might be a little less full. The Transportation Security Administration has announced that you'll be allowed to take some small knives on board. The agency is also easing its ban on some sports equipment that can be carried on.
Arkansas has approved a law banning most abortions after 12 weeks of gestation, as both houses of the state's legislature vote to override a veto by Democratic Gov. Mike Beebe. The Republican-backed Human Heartbeat Protection Act will become the nation's most restrictive law.
In vetoing the Senate version of the bill Monday, Beebe said that it "would impose a ban on a woman's right to choose an elective, nontherapeutic abortion well before viability."
You don't read poetry. That's fine. Nobody does anymore. I'm not going to make you feel bad about that. But if there is one book I've pressed on more people in the past decade, it is Anne Carson's Autobiography of Red. And I'm here to tell you its sequel has just been published, and that it's pretty much the biggest event of the year.
Autobiography of Red was a novel written in verse, a crossbreed of poetry and prose that retold the myth of Geryon and Herakles, aka Hercules.
I've been listening to two very good new albums led by drummers. After learning that both men are in their early 70s, I can't help but wonder how I process that fact in what I hear.
"Killer" Ray Appleton (b. 1941) and Barry Altschul (b. 1943) practice different styles. But they both came of musical age in the hard-bop era, spent many years living in Europe and eventually returned to New York. In other words, they've each got a lot of experience.
More than three decades ago, Soviet soldier Bakhretdin Khakimov went missing in Afghanistan after he was wounded in battle with Afghan mujahedeen forces.
His whereabouts remained unknown until two weeks ago, when he was tracked down by a team from the Warriors-Internationalists Affairs Committee, a Moscow-based nonprofit that looks for Soviet MIAs in Afghanistan.
The death of Venezuelan President Hugo Chavez is an especially tough blow for Cuba, whose feeble state-run economy has been propped up for more than a decade with Venezuelan oil shipments and other subsidies.
The Castro government has declared three days of mourning, calling Chavez "a son" of Cuba, but privately Cubans are quietly fretting about the potential loss of billions in trade and the threat of a new economic crisis.
In his profile of Supreme Court Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg in this week's issue of The New Yorker, Jeffrey Toobin writes: "Ginsburg has suggested that she would like to serve as long as Louis Brandeis, her judicial hero, who retired at eighty-two." Ginsburg turns 80 this month and is marking her 20th year on the court. She has had cancer — colon and pancreatic — and her tiny, frail-looking stature leads many people to wonder if she'll be retiring soon.
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Submitted to: Plant and Animal Genome Conference Proceedings
Publication Type: Abstract Only
Publication Acceptance Date: December 1, 2007
Publication Date: January 9, 2008
Citation: Schnabel, R.D., Van Tassell, C.P., Matukumalli, L., Sonstegard, T.S., Smith, T.P., Moore, S.S., Lawley, C.T., Taylor, J.F. 2008. Application of the BovineSNP50 assay for QTL mapping and prediction of genetic merit in Holstein cattle. Plant and Animal Genome Conference Proceedings.
The previous fifteen years have produced numerous QTL mapping experiments aimed at the identification of causal or linked polymorphisms for use in marker assisted selection programs to increase the rate of genetic gain in livestock species. To date, very few causal mutations for QTL have been identified while there have been numerous reports of marker associations, some of which are currently being commercialized. The recent and ongoing whole genome sequencing of livestock species has begun to provide fundamental tools which will allow QTL mapping and marker assisted selection to move beyond traditional paradigms. The availability of genotyping assays with tens to hundreds of thousands of SNP loci will provide the ability to map QTL at unprecedented resolution in livestock and also may lead to strategies for implementing whole genome selection, which has been perceived as eliminating the need for QTL mapping and discovery. While QTL mapping within the context of whole genome selection may seem unnecessary, we believe that the best use of these technologies will be to simultaneously pursue both strategies. Results from genotyping four thousand Holstein bulls with the BovineSNP50 iSelect SNP chip will be presented to illustrate our strategy for merging QTL mapping with whole genome selection.
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| 0.908448
| 367
| 1.789063
| 2
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Proposals to deal with the legacy of Northern Ireland's Troubles could cost up to £300m, a report has said.
The plans include a £12,000 payment for families of all those killed.
Unionists and some victims' groups have rejected the proposed payment because it would include republican and loyalist paramilitaries.
Protesters temporarily disrupted the launch, including former unionist politician Cedric Wilson and Willie Frazer from victim's group Fair.
Lord Eames, one of the report's authors, said it was time for a "final step out of the conflict by dealing with the legacy of the past".
The 190-page report, which contains more than 30 recommendations, will go to the government for consideration.
The report has been compiled by the Consultative Group on the Past, an independent group set up to deal with the legacy of Northern Ireland's Troubles, during which more than 3,000 people died.
The proposals include a legacy commission which would be led by an international figure.
This commission would take over the work currently carried out by the police ombudsman, which investigates complaints against the police, and the Historical Enquiries Team, a specialist police unit set up to investigate unsolved killings throughout the Troubles.
There were protests as Lord Eames prepared to deliver his report
Speaking at the news conference, Lord Eames, a former Church of Ireland Primate, said their package offered different options.
"We know that one size does not fit all and we are not imposing a one size fits all approach," he said.
"But we are recommending... one package that offers many different options for individuals and communities."
Denis Bradley, who chaired the group with Lord Eames, said the report can address "the calls for justice, the pleas for truth".
"We have heard your pleas and we say you are right," he said.
"And we have proposed the best way that we can construct to deliver justice and truth so that you too can move on."
On Wednesday, Prime Minister Gordon Brown said he acknowledged that the proposal to include the families of dead paramilitaries in the payments was controversial.
Challenged by DUP MP Nigel Dodds at Prime Minister's Questions, Mr Brown said the government would consider the report with "great care" before making its response.
"I understand why one of the recommendations has provoked such controversy in Northern Ireland," he said.
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The Virginia sweetspire blooms from mid-June to early July and has good pest resistance.
LISLE, Ill. – To a gardener, summer doldrums might mean that trees and other plants are finished blooming. But now, there’s a new shrub on the market that’ll help gardeners stay upbeat about summer. The Morton Arboretum has just introduced a Virginia sweetspire that blooms from mid-June to early July, when few other plants are in flower.
“This is a time-proven shrub that’s been in the Arboretum collections since 1958, and has been a top performer all along,” said Kris Bachtell, Arboretum horticulturist and vice president of collections and facilities.
The plant, whose formal name is Itea virginica ‘Morton’ – Morton Virginia Sweetspire – SCARLET BEAUTY, grows 3- to 4-feet tall and 4-feet wide in a five-to six-year period. It sports white flowers with a delicate fragrance, in dense clusters on 3-inch-long stems. The flowers attract butterflies, and Bachtell said the plant has excellent pest resistance. This particular selection is more cold-hardy than most other sweetspire selections. The species is native to the southeastern United States, including southern Illinois.
Itea virginica ‘Morton’ is not only a late bloomer, it also brings up the rear on the fall color season, with lovely, scarlet-red foliage that peaks in early November and lasts through a hard frost.
Chicagoland Grows, a partnership between The Morton Arboretum, Chicago Botanic Garden and the Ornamental Growers Association of Northern Illinois, is bringing the new plant to market. The organization develops, evaluates and selects trees and other plants that are suitable for upper Midwest growing conditions. After a selection is made, botanical gardens, universities, and municipal forests vigorously test it. If the selection performs well, propagators grow the plant and it is introduced on a limited basis to wholesale and retail nurseries. If the plant’s performance remains high, Chicagoland Grows conducts a full release to nurseries, as it has now done with Itea virginica ‘Morton.’
Another Arboretum-developed selection, Acer miyabei ‘Morton’ – Morton Miyabe maple STATE STREET, has just earned the 2011 Woody Ornamental Plant of the Year Award from the Wisconsin Nursery Association. This medium-sized shade tree is oval shaped with dark green glossy leaves. The association calls this maple an “excellent street tree and a great replacement for ash and Norway maples.” Like the sweetspire, this maple was introduced through Chicagoland Grows.
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Hundreds of millions of dollars are spent to get a compound from concept to registration. Not only are costs a concern, but the risk for a sponsor launching multiphase clinical trials is extremely high. At the end of the clinical trial process, after having made the required investments, sponsors may find that the data does not support their hypothesis and the compound is abandoned.
More than half of all image-related clinical trial query stoppages result from preventable human errors, causing a delay of up to seven weeks per instance. These errors range from technical oversights such as inconsistent data entry and improper configuration of scanning modalities, to simple human errors such as missing signatures/authorization and illegible handwriting.
So how can technology play a positive role in this process? The following tips illustrate the importance of how, using proper tools and a validated delivery platform for the submission of imaging data by the sites, a trial sponsor can mitigate the risk of error and ensure the highest level of quality for its data at the source.
1. Improve workflow automation: Site coordinators and investigators are involved in several trials from various sponsors requiring different types of submission to imaging core labs (ICLs). Since assembling and sending data for clinical trials is a small and infrequent requirement for overburdened site coordinators, expecting them to remember dozens of submission steps from visit to visit is not always reasonable. With varying requirements, it’s important to have a smart workflow-based platform that presents the right tool at the right time and eliminates the need for the sender to make decisions which are inconsistent with any specific protocol.
2. Implement consistency and quality checks: The user interface must be consistent across all tools to reduce training requirements and the possibility for unnecessary queries. Even though the trial impact of a single data point may not be major, the aggregate of these situations can cloud the overall picture. Think of it like a loom, where you are trying to weave a certain design. Having a single thread break during the process might not affect the final product. However, losing many may cause the pattern to be dull and harder to recognize. If errors or inconsistencies within steps are detected, the tool should alert the user and help her correct the mistake.
3. Minimize manual data entry: The right tools presented in the most efficient order will help the study coordinator:
- Enter the correct values in the de-identification process.
- Replace without human intervention those tags for which constants for the site or trial can be used.
- Prepopulate transmittal forms as much as possible to ensure consistency.
- Facilitate the inclusion of additional files or information to the submission.
- Perform automated checks, on-site, of protocol compliance.
- Identify if any data is outside protocol parameters to enable corrections for the current and future submissions.
4. Integrate with downstream systems: Whether using a commercial EDC/CTMS system or an internal subject data-tracking application, a project manager should not be required to enter information about a subject twice. All submissions and their data should automatically update the systems at the ICL, CRO, and sponsor in real time.
5. Directly deliver into trial repository: User-entered data should not be subjected to manual re-entry at the core lab/CRO. Since quality checks have occurred during the assembly of the submission, re-entry can introduce errors, data quality degradation, and loss of tracking ability back to the source.
Providing investigator sites with the right tools to assemble and submit their clinical trial data, and ensuring the quality and completeness of their work is automatically checked prior to submission greatly enhances the efficiency of the downstream process of converting this input into usable trial data by the ICLs.
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The middle-aged woman rolled her eyes and abruptly turned away from her younger brother so she wouldn’t have to see him caress their frail elderly mother. As usual, he had popped in with an armload of expensive gifts for his holiday appearance. Moments before, she had tried to talk privately with him in the kitchen. She had pleaded with him to help her care for their mother who is in the early stages of dementia. She wasn’t surprised when he started reciting his usual list of excuses.
She had heard them all before. He lives over a hundred miles away. He is self-employed and can’t afford to be away from work. He has two teenagers to support and money is tight. He is just not emotionally equipped to handle watching their mother decline.
Seeing him hug their mother made her furious, knowing that he would disappear again and leave the yeoman’s work to her. Warm tears began to splash down her face and onto her Christmas sweater. What about her? Did he ever consider how much energy, time and money she had spent caring for their mother? To her, he was the same spoiled, manipulative person he’d always been.
Keith Branson, founder of Age to Age Ministry and a conflict resolution specialist, knows that the holidays often bring unresolved family issues to a climax. Old clashes and hurts are likely to resurface as family members interact, especially if there is disagreement about caring for an aging parent.
Getting siblings to agree on a plan of action may seem impossible, but Mr. Branson suggests that eldercare mediation offers the best hope in highly-charged situations. A skillful mediator who is familiar with eldercare issues can actually help diffuse the emotional tension and help everyone to see things more objectively. He can reframe the conversation with less-antagonistic rhetoric than occurs when angry or hurt family members tackle the conversation alone.
Professional mediation or not, Mr. Branson suggests that helpful conversation always requires respectful listening from all parties. It’s important to hear what someone is saying without judging or condemning them. The brother needs his sister to hear his fears and concerns without being judged as thoughtless or spoiled. At the same time, the middle-aged woman needs her brother to understand why she feels she is unfairly shouldering the burden of caregiving.
Unless the aging mother is mentally unable to share in decision-making, she should also be invited into the conversation at an appropriate time. Most importantly, a skilled eldercare mediator can lead a family through the emotional landmines that block their way and help them keep their focus on the best possible care for their aging parent.
Though working with a mediator to get resolution can be painful at times, Mr. Branson emphasizes that the reward for pressing through the difficulties can be extremely satisfying. He points out that resolution does not mean that you will never feel negative emotions again. It means that you choose to communicate your feelings in a positive way and move forward.
With the New Year comes new beginnings; it’s a perfect time to reflect on family relationships and responsibilities. Perhaps this is the year that you gather your siblings and seek the help of an eldercare mediator to help your family navigate the uneven landscape of caring for aging parents.
For additional information on Keith Branson and Age to Age Ministry, call (615) 591-9914.
Ms. Buchanan, a member of FUMC Rockwall, Texas, is the author of Aging Faithfully: 28 Days of Prayer. Reach her at: email@example.com.
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Fun.'s Jack Antonoff on Writing 'Super WHY!' Songs, Post-Grammy Plans
The PBS children's show's live tour will feature a number of Antonoff compositions.
Fun. may be on the road for the rest of the year, but fans looking for a follow-up to "Some Nights" have some "Super" new material to look forward to.
For its spring live tour, PBS children's show Super WHY! flashed the bat signal for the band's guitarist, Jack Antonoff, who'd previously shown his kid-song chops with the track "It's Fun to Dance" for Yo Gabba Gabba! His previous group, Steel Train, performed it as part of the Nick Jr. show's 2010 live incarnation.
"We played it on tour every night for thousands of little kids and it was a wonderful experience to do that," Antonoff told Billboard, making working with the same production team on Super WHY! Live an easy choice.
One song turned into several, and before long, Antonoff wrote an album's worth of material for the tour, on the theme, "You've Got the Power!"
"I produced and recorded the whole thing, and I must have written at least 15 songs," he says.
He joins a number of musicians turning their attention to creating work for kids, from They Might Be Giants to Andrew Bird, who's developing a children's show, Professor Socks. But it's an older icon Antonoff credits with spurring his rock dreams.
"I grew up on Raffi," Antonoff says. "That was my first impression of what a rock star was."
As for fun., Antonoff, just back from Malaysia, says the group's booked through October -- and he's happy to stay a touring musician.
"The heart of it is playing the record live," he says.
Though a new album from the recent Grammy winners, who picked up two awards at the February ceremony, seems out of the question for 2013, the band has a new track on HBO's Girls soundtrack, "Sight of the Sun." The song scored the credits of the show's Sunday night finale. Antonoff is dating the show's creator and star, Lena Dunham, making the placement more meaningful than just another TV sync.
"It's wonderful, you know?" he says. "What could be better than working with people you love?"
- MOST SHARED
- MOST POPULAR
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Backs Surgeon General's Plan to Reduce
DES MOINES-- Attorney General Tom Miller applauded Surgeon General David Satcher's report today on "Reducing Tobacco Use" - which said it is possible to cut the U.S. smoking rate in half within a decade.
"The Surgeon General's message is compelling," Miller said. "It is very difficult, but now we have proven means to reduce the terrible damage of nicotine addiction. We can make great progress, but only if the country implements wide-ranging anti-smoking efforts on many levels."
The Surgeon General's report is the first ever to provide an in-depth analysis of the effectiveness of various methods of reducing tobacco use, including educational, clinical, regulatory, economic and social approaches. Iowa launched a comprehensive tobacco prevention and control program on July 1, using about $9 million or one-sixth of the payments by the tobacco industry to Iowa this year. The funds will be used to leverage other federal and private moneys for the effort.
"The Surgeon General's pioneering report indicates that we are on the right track here in Iowa in several respects," Miller said, "but I think it also raises a caution flag. We need to keep reviewing the mix to be sure Iowa has the most effective program possible."
"The report suggests we are on the right track with school and community programs, enforcement efforts and counter-advertising," Miller said. "But we may need to review the mix so we support more adult cessation programs, as the Surgeon General recommends."
For example, Miller noted that the Surgeon General reported that a combination of behavioral counseling and pharmacological treatment can boost quit-smoking success up to ten-fold. "This suggests we need to study whether Iowa's comprehensive plan should provide more resources to help adults and youths quit," Miller said. "A vast majority of smokers want to quit, but only a little more than two percent succeed each year. I think we can do some things to improve those odds."
The primary direct adult cessation element in Iowa's current tobacco program is aimed at helping pregnant mothers quit smoking, which is extraordinarily helpful to the health of new babies. "Counter-advertising" and other elements of the Iowa program may "spill over" to adults and help them quit or choose not to smoke, but a more concerted effort to help adults who want to quit should be considered, too, Miller said.
He noted that the Surgeon General also reported evidence that enacting stronger clean indoor air regulations can contribute to changing social norms, decreasing tobacco consumption among smokers, and increasing smoking cessation.
The Surgeon General's report was presented today in Chicago at the 11th World Conference on Tobacco or Health. The report said more than 400,000 adults die from tobacco-related disease each year in the U.S., and more than one million young people become regular smokers.
Miller said 5,000 Iowans die each year from tobacco-related disease, and 12,000 Iowa kids take up smoking - 1,000 per month.
"We simply must remember that tobacco use is the leading cause of PREVENTABLE illness and death," Miller said. "The Surgeon General has given us an excellent map. As the report says, we don't have all the answers, but we know more than enough to make huge strides toward preventing this tragedy."
Miller added that anti-smoking programs should only improve as more and more states serve as "laboratories" to test various approaches. "I hope Iowa will serve as a model for creating successful means to avoid the terrible costs and suffering caused by tobacco."
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Communication is key to any worthwhile endeavor especially when the task is attempting to convince the masses to vote for you. You have to say things and behave in a certain manner that gives the desired impression. Mitt Romney would like people to be able to relate to him because of the perception of him is that he is a rich elitist that doesn't know how difficult life is for the average person.
Communicating a political message can take various forms. It can be done through television commercials or through internet advertising. Mitt Romney and his team are learning the ropes with regards to this problem. Barack Obama and his staff have already mastered the fine art of mass communication.
Quite a few times in various speeches Mitt Romney has said things that have puzzled many conservatives. His intent is to make a particular point about a policy issue but it comes out somewhat muddled. A great example of this is when he said "I am a severe conservative". Republicans were scratching their heads. Why would he say that?
I believe that what he meant to say was that I am very conservative but he came out all wrong, he has to work on that if he wants to be president.
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Trend Micro Security Expert: Malware Attack Against VMware Limited In Scope8:24 PM EST Thu. Aug. 23, 2012
Security researchers have determined that some new variants of a new malware family called "Crisis," aka "Morcut," can infect VMware virtual machines and Windows Mobile devices. But, a security expert at Trend Micro points to current evidence that says the majority of VMware's most widely deployed products are not currently under attack.
"VMware has a family of test development and productivity products called Workstation and Player," said Warren Wu, director of datacenter products at Trend Micro, in an interview with CRN. "This malware only affects these types of hypervisors. The data center products are not under attack at this point. But, it's important to be aware that some malware writer in the future can try to leverage this same technique against the data center products. So, it's important to make sure that your anti-malware products are up to date and that you have effectively locked down access to key directories and repositories. If you've already done that, you're probably pretty good against this malware, as well as any other future threats that might be forthcoming."
The common denominator for products most at risk involves technologies where the hypervisor installs on top of a standard operating system and, in turn, hosts multiple virtual machines on top, according to Wu. It first compromises the host operating system, and then it looks for VMDK files where it will likely instantiate the virtual machine and deploy the same infection.
Wu, who was previously involved in security initiatives at VMware, also explained that the fundamental property of virtualization enables the disk, memory and other components to be abstracted into a file, much like a document. "That means it can be manipulated, copied, backed up and cloned much like a document," he said. "But, that also means it can be edited like a document, too. In this case, we have a hacker [who] has decided to exploit this characteristic to try to add malware to the virtual disk. This is pretty unique. We haven't seen this approach before."
Wu added that, at this point, it appears that the malware in question is aimed at spying upon the users, most likely Web behavior and communications.
"This does not affect the vast majority of customers because most of those people are using the data center products," he added. "But still, it is important to make sure for the long run and for the potential of future malware that you are following best practices around anti-malware software."
The rate of incidence in the wild appears to be very low, at this point, with fewer than 100 systems impacted, according to Trend Micro.
PUBLISHED AUG. 23, 2012
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In my reading of the gospels and musings about what kind of documents they are I have come up with some ideas that might be helpful for interpreting these documents.
Levels of meaning in gospel pericopes:
1) Literary contextual meaning - the meaning of a pericope in its literary context, as an event in that particular author's story, to that author's audience, taking into account what would have been known and assumed at the time of writing. Or, what does this have to do with where the story is headed, and what does this have to do with the original audience?
2) Historical contextual meaning - the meaning of the event related in the pericope in its reconstructed historical context, taking hints from the literary meaning of other gospel accounts as these indicate the historical understanding of other authors. Or, what might Jesus have been up to if he were actually in that situation, performing that action, saying that parable?
3) The theological/moral meaning - this assumes that the gospel concerning Christ's resurrection is true, bringing to bear on us the conviction of the earliest Christians, that in Jesus Christ the creator God has revealed himself supremely.(see John 1, Rom 1, 5, and 15,Col 1, Heb 1, Rev 1-3) So for Christians the gospels reveal to us the historical person, through literary lenses, but in documents still inspired by Holy Spirit to teach the church, of God incarnate. So then this brings to life for us such imperatives as, "be imitators of God," or "be holy as I am holy" in a way that no command ever could.
Helps with reading the gospels in general:
1) I don't know who this idea came from but I will parrot it. The gospels are passion narratives with long intros. So then, read every portion of the gospels asking, "what does this have to do with Jesus going to the cross?"
2) I think this idea, articulated this way, is my own, but my thoughts deceive me, it is probably from a book. Anyhow, when we read the gospels the most important fact about any person, thing, or institution is its relationship to Jesus. This seems important for us in devotional and academic reading. We can ask, "am I like the disciples who make mistakes, don't understand and follow Jesus anyway?" or "am I like the temple, created with a good purpose in mind that I will be destroyed for not upholding?"
Are any of this ideas helpful, I'd wager no, but what say ye?
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It's happiness mixed with anticipation, and sometimes nervousness. When Christmas is just a few days away, and a child thinks he might be getting something special (like a bicycle or Super Nintendo), he'll be excited and probably will have trouble sleeping because he can't wait to get his present.
Or suppose you've entered a contest, and they're about to announce the winner. You are happy because you're pretty sure you've won a prize, but you're also nervous because there's a chance that you didn't. That's also what it feels like to be excited.
- For Teachers
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A Side Dish is essentially any food served on the side of the plate or to the side of the main plate. An easy way to think of them is that Side Dishes are accompaniments and not the main course. Side Dishes are typically smaller offerings than the showpiece, main dish of the meal.
The purpose of a Side Dish is to balance out, round out or in other ways compliment the main dishes of a meal. In some cases this may mean to provide a mellowing flavor, in others a bit of spice. Side Dishes can also be used in conjunction with the main meal, to soak up rich sauces for example, or as a “bed” for the main dish to rest upon.
Side Dishes also fill out the offering of the main dish and are a way to guarantee to slake the hunger of all but the most famished diners. Side Dishes can also deliver vitamins missing in the entrée creating a perfectly balanced meal. Salads and Vegetable dishes come to mind in this regard. Finally, Side Dishes often preserve tradition, as in the family dishes many clans enjoy on holidays like Thanksgiving, Christmas or Passover.
What we are trying to say, is that past the formal definition, a Side Dish can vary widely, from simple raw or steamed vegetables to elaborate quiches, soups, potato dishes and just about anything at all.
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With the Spokane holidays fast approaching, you may be wondering just how you can enjoy the Thanksgiving banquet but not suffer a bigger waist line later? Surprisingly, many of our favorite holiday foods really aren’t all that pad for us … in proper moderation! Check out the following Spokane Super Foods.
Talk about a healthy food in need of a name change. This fluffy side is often regarded as one of the most fattening holiday dishes, but with only a few minor adjustments it can actually be a healthy standout. Pack it with nuts, dried fruits, carrots, and celery, and you’ll benefit from fiber and a range of vitamins, recommends Krieger. Also, and this is crucial: Use low sodium chicken broth instead of butter to keep the dish moist and low in fat.
If it’s not Thanksgiving without a slice of pumpkin pie, we’ve got good news for you. This veggie is packed with heart-healthy fiber and vitamin A. Plus, says Krieger, because pumpkin is very moist, you don’t have to add lots of unhealthy ingredients to make it taste flavorful yet still be low-fat (sub in skim and egg substitutes to make any recipe healthier). A guaranteed way to avoid accidentally gorging on a high-fat dessert? Bring your own pie, so you know what’s in it.
Prefer pecans to pumpkin? Instead of plunging into a heap of high-fat pie, try sprinkling this star nut over salads, add it to your stuffing, or snack on a few as a precursor to the meal. Pecans are a great source of vitamin E and magnesium, which supports muscle strength. Plus, they’re packed with protein, fiber, and the same “good” fats as olive oil.
Collards are ultra-healthy — except when sabotaged by greasy fat sources like pork, a popular additive in many holiday recipes. By preparing these leafy greens in a steamer, you’ll leave out the unnecessary calories and gain a ton of vitamins and antioxidants. If you just can’t give up flavoring your greens, use turkey bacon or saute the veggie in olive oil, suggests Krieger.
Nutmeg and Cinnamon
More and more research is being conducted on the health benefits of spices, says Krieger. Nutmeg, with its nutty, earthy flavor, and cinnamon, which shines with its sweetness, can do a whole lot more than garnish eggnog. Mixing these spices into fruit or vegetable sides can help you lower your cholesterol and maintain insulin levels in the blood.
While wine and cocktails can add needless calories to an already over-the-top meal, wine delivers heart-healthy properties in exchange for its calorie count (about 100 calories per 5-ounce serving). All wine is naturally heart-healthy, but red wines will provide the most antioxidant bang for your calorie buck. And take note: the dryer the wine, the higher the concentration of those disease-fighting properties.
To keep your calorie count to a minimum, ask your host for a spritzer — half wine, half calorie-free seltzer water.
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When news happens, text LT and your photos and videos to 80360. Or contact us by email or phone.
Shock £273m toll of East Lancashire alcohol abuse
ALCOHOL costs the East Lancashire economy £273million a year, a new study has revealed.
The figures, released for the first time in a report, commissioned by North West Employers and Drink Wise North West, were put together to show the cost of alcohol to our society.
The survey revealed that the effects of alcohol cost more per person in Lancashire than any other region in the North West, with authorities in Blackburn and Darwen spending more than any other East Lancashire borough — £68million between 2010 and 2011 — on drink-related issues.
The cost of dealing with alcohol problems in Burnley set the local authority back almost £45million, with Chorley also forking out nearly £43million.
Hyndburn spent close to £37million with Pendle also spending £35million to tackle the problem.
The Ribble Valley spent the second lowest amount in the whole of the North West, £21million, after Eden, in Cumbria.
The survey was split into four categories to determine the impact of alcohol on the NHS, crime and licensing, the workforce and the wider economy and social services.
The NHS in East Lancashire spent £62.25million dealing with admissions linked to alcohol and the region’s police forces also paid out £83.76million dealing with the effects of alcohol-related crime and licensing.
A spokesman for Lancashire Police said: “Alcohol related incidents can range from minor public order and criminal damage offences through to serious assaults, domestic violence and even sexual assaults.
We would want to send a clear message that we are committed to tackling alcohol-related crime and disorder and by joining forces with partner agencies such as local authorities and the health service, we can help to keep people safe and try to prevent them from getting involved in crime or anti-social behaviour.”
Alcohol also cost the workforce £109million in days taken off work and time wasted because of hangovers.
Coun David Whipp, chair of Pendle Community Safety Partnership, said: “This is putting a heavy and unsustainable burden on our public services, as well as the economy.
"This money could be saved or better spent, and it is not just the pounds that add up. The misery caused by excessive drinking comes at a big cost to individuals and is a great social cost too.”
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Inappropriate use of medicines in acute care for the elderly related to a focus on acute care, providers’ passive attitudes about learning, and paternalistic decision making
Q What are the perspectives of healthcare providers and patients on the appropriateness of medication use in elderly patients on acute care hospital wards?
Acute care wards for the elderly in 5 hospitals in Belgium.
A purposive sample of 17 patients who were stable, had no cognitive impairment, had ⩾1 modification in chronic medication, and managed their own medication at home; 5 physicians and 4 nurses working on the wards; and 3 hospital pharmacists.
Data were collected using individual semistructured interviews (doctors, nurses, pharmacists, and 5 patients), focus groups (12 patients), and observation of the main activities on 2 wards (by 2 pharmacists). Interviews and focus groups were taped and transcribed verbatim. Observations of events relating to medicine use were recorded in notes, which were written up in detail using an observation grid. Data were analysed using grounded theory principles from both biomedical and sociological perspectives.
Most providers felt that prescribing was sometimes inappropriate and that patient counselling was insufficient. 3 categories underpinned the inappropriate use of medicines. (1) Reliance on general acute care and short term treatment. Most providers thought that they …
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Larry Greenley has written a long, but interesting and thought-provoking article on changing vs enforcing the constitution on a state level. Here’s an excerpt:
The movement to restore the Constitution, however, has encountered a fork in the road. One path builds on the Tenth Amendment movement by introducing and passing measures in state legislatures to nullify various unconstitutional federal laws, such as federal firearms laws and ObamaCare. Let’s call this choice, “States Enforce the Constitution.” The adherents of the second path seek to convince constitutionalists that what’s needed to rein in the federal government is a constitutional convention (Con-Con) as provided for by Article V of the Constitution to propose some new amendments to the Constitution. Let’s call this choice, “States Revise the Constitution.”
To choose the correct choice, we must understand the problem — namely that all three branches of the federal government routinely disregard major portions of the Constitution, despite the fact that the original 13 states created a compact, or agreement, designating as their agent, a federal government composed of executive, legislative, and judicial branches with their powers enumerated in the Constitution.
Thus, the states must re-assert themselves soon as the parties to the original compact that established the federal government as their agent and enforce the Constitution, or face eventual extinction at the hands of the federal government. As James Madison wrote regarding the states, “There can be no tribunal above [the states’] authority, to decide in the last resort, whether the compact made by them be violated.”
The enforcement-through-state-nullification route builds on the ideas of the Founders and posits that the states, which created the federal government in the first place, can begin re-asserting themselves immediately by virtue of their superior status as the creators of the federal government and by using those powers never delegated to the federal government. In contrast, revising the Constitution through an Article V convention would not immediately reassert the dominance of the states over the federal government; hence, the federal government would be permitted to continue to operate according to its self-assigned role as ultimate arbiter of violations of the constitutional compact. This in turn would delay the necessary reassertion by the states of their superior status over the federal government while everyone is kept waiting for a possible realignment of state-federal power to emerge from an Article V constitutional amendment process. Meanwhile, the federal government would continue to increase its control over the states and their citizens — taking our freedoms, rights, and money.
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Master of Business Administration (MBA)
MBA Program Objectives
The MBA program educates students with a broad knowledge of business in order for them to
perform effectively in management positions or to pursue further studies. The objectives of the
MBA program are to enhance the student's ability to:
- Communicate at a professional level in oral presentations and in writing using appropriate technologies.
- Work effectively with others and lead in organizational situations.
- Identify how globalization affects organizations and their environment.
- Recognize the importance of ethical decision making.
- Integrate analytical and problem solving skills with concepts and theories from all functional areas of business using appropriate analytical and decision making technologies.
Students can enroll in MBA courses at the main campus in Carrollton, Newnan and Douglasville.
On campus courses are offered once each week, Mondays through Thursdays, starting at 7:00 PM - 9:30 PM.
The Newnan campus location offers each course on Tuesday nights from 6:00 PM - 10:45 PM for eight weeks.
The Douglasville campus location offers each course on Thursday nights from 6:00 PM - 10:45 PM for eight weeks.
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On Tuesday, Ayatollah Ali Khamenei put to bed any speculation on the possibility of a negotiated solution to Iran’s nuclear program. The Islamic regime’s supreme leader, in his Iranian New Year address to the nation, informed the world that Iran will not surrender to international pressure to halt nuclear enrichment.
Khamenei praised the country’s great accomplishments in the previous year and stated that the Arab Spring benefited the country’s objective.
“Those countries in the region that the Islamic republic has supported have achieved great goals: Dictators were overthrown, and constitutions based on Islam were passed in several countries,” he said. “The No. 1 enemy of the Islamic Ummah (community) and the Islamic Republic of Iran, namely the Zionist regime, has now been surrounded.”
Khamenei talked about an economic jihad to confront international sanctions imposed to prevent Iran from attaining nuclear weapons. If self-sufficiency in production of goods is achieved, he said, the enemy will lose interest in confronting Iran.
Israel believes the Iranian nuclear program will soon be strike-proof and that an imminent pre-emptive attack is necessary to derail Iran’s ambitions, which include destroying the Jewish nation. Precautionary actions have been taken in Israel, suggesting a move toward war. Reports indicate that Israel has transferred nuclear fuel out of its Dimona reactor, fearing retaliation by Iran. It also has moved army units close to the Lebanese and Syrian borders in case war expands on those fronts, and has set in place its anti-missile system in its most populated areas.
President Barack Obama, for his part, issued an executive order on Friday addressing national defense resource policies and programs. Though Obama’s order was hardly different from what President Bill Clinton had set in place, the executive departments and agencies responsible for national defense were once again ordered to identify requirements for emergencies, which include military and civilian demands.
The executive order demands preparedness in the event of a threat to America’s security and asks all agencies to ensure the availability of adequate services, such as energy, food and water distribution, health services and transportation.
Last month, National Intelligence Director James R. Clapper Jr., in his testimony to the Senate Intelligence Committee, stated that “some Iranian officials — probably including Khamenei — have changed their calculus and are now more willing to conduct an attack in the United States in response to real or perceived U.S. actions that threaten the regime.”
Khamenei, in his recent Friday prayer sermon, announced that the U.S. will be attacked if it takes any military action against Iran. He has not been the only one to make such statements. The commanders of the Revolutionary Guards have also stated that U.S. military bases in the region will be targeted for retaliation, and that targets within America will also be considered.
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Applications Due Soon for NRCS Organic Initiative
Wisconsin Ag Connection - 03/08/2012
USDA's Natural Resources Conservation Service is reminding potential applicants to contact their local NRCS office soon to find out if they are eligible for the agency's Organic Initiative. Applications for the second ranking period of 2012 are due at NRCS offices by close of business on March 30.
Nationwide, NRCS has nearly $50 million in financial and technical assistance available to certified organic producers, those who want to make the transition to organic production and producers who sell less than $5,000 in organic products annually.
State Conservationist Pat Leavenworth says part of the Environmental Quality Incentives Program, the Organic Initiative offers a wide array of conservation practices specifically designed for organic production.
"Practices will help the selected applicants meet many requirements of their USDA Organic System Plans and stay in compliance with USDA's National Organic Program," Leavenworth said.
The top five Organic Initiative conservation practices are cover crops, nutrient and pest management, seasonal high tunnels, crop rotation, and fencing.
Changes for the 2012 sign-ups include three ranking periods for current and transitioning producers; a threshold ranking score that can speed up approval for qualified applicants; required conservation practices that promote the consistent use of those practices; and an expanded list of conservation activity plans.
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|What's the Risk?
Apr 9, 2004
Hi, Dr. Bob, Thank you, first off all!
Scenario: An HIV+ guy (positive for two years with a viral load of 21,000--no meds) recieves anal sex from an HIV- guy approximately once every couple weeks. (The neg guy "doesn't like to use condoms" and thinks the risk of transmission is "low"--even over a period of time-- since he's on top.
Question: Would you say the top guy is at great risk, moderate risk, or low risk for acquiring HIV? I know the question is abstract and difficult to answer, and I know there are other concerns that this scenario introduces. But from your expertise and experience, I'd appreciate any feedback on the question of transmission.
| Response from Dr. Frascino
"Great, moderate, or low" are all relative terms and therefore not much help in this "abstract" situation. Scientifically what's important to know is that there is a "significant risk" for this activity unprotected anal insertive sex. That one partner is confirmed to be HIV-positive increases this risk.
There are, in fact, two significant risks here:
1. The risk of HIV transmission to the "negative-guy." The risk is increased for several reasons, including the repeated episodes of exposure, the confirmed HIV-positive status of the receptive partner, and the detectable viral load of the poz partner.
2. The risk of STD's to the receptive (bottom) poz guy. The "negative" top "doesn't like to use condoms." Going commando greatly increases his risk for acquiring many types of STD's from various partners. These STD's can be transmitted to the poz-bottom-guy and have significant negative consequences on his health. Even reinfection (superinfection) should be a concern, because "negative top-guy" may not really be negative, since he participates in "commando" play and wrongly assumes his risk is "low."
Hope that helps. Bottom line -- no matter if you are "tab A" or "slot B," latex is the required dress code for staying healthy.
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This forum is designed for educational purposes only, and experts are not rendering medical, mental health, legal or other professional advice or services. If you have or suspect you may have a medical, mental health, legal or other problem that requires advice, consult your own caregiver, attorney or other qualified professional.
Experts appearing on this page are independent and are solely responsible for editing and fact-checking their material. Neither TheBody.com nor any advertiser is the publisher or speaker of posted visitors' questions or the experts' material.
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Part 4 – Planning Your Trip
As you are planning, make sure you are doing your homework. There are a lot of websites out there that offer deals and discounts. Sometimes it is cheaper to package your vacation, buying hotel, car rental, plane tickets and theme park tickets together. Sometimes it is cheaper to get them all separately. Here are some places to go to find deals, packages and discounts:
Disneyland Website – Get your hotel, park tickets, rental car…even plane tickets. Disney always has some sort of deal going. Figure out if it’s right for you and the cheapest way to go.
Mousesavers – Shows loads of deals and packages.
Alaska Airlines – Sometimes they run their Kids Fly Free to the Disneyland Resort deal, which is great. Other times they run hotel, theme park or plane ticket discounts.
Expedia – Sometimes your best bet is an on line travel deal site.
Costco – Costco offers discounts and packages to members, sometimes including a free Character Meal, photo book or Disney Gift Card.
Check out more ways to find deals and save money HERE.
2. Ramp up the excitement
- Watch Disney movies.
- Make a countdown chain.
- Have a special “Disney Fund” jar to save money for special dinners, experiences or souvenirs.
- Help your kids make a special “First time at Disneyland” shirt to wear their first day.
- Get a Disney coloring book/puzzle book/story book.
- Read Trip Reports. They can be found at DIS Boards, Passporter Boards or Mouse Planet.
- Go to the Disneyland website. Look around at the attractions, entertainment and dining options. Let your kids make a “Must Do/See/Ride” list. Let them each choose one ride as their “Must-ride-can’t-miss-it-have-to-see-it” ride that you’ll make sure to ride. Each kid will feel special if they have chosen a particular ride that is important to them.
- Get the free Disneyland Planning DVD. It will help you plan and get your kids excited.
3. Planning books and Guidebooks
Passporter Disneyland – best planning book out there
Destination Disneyland Resort with Disabilities – Great resource for traveling with folks with special needs.
You can also get special planning books for your kids (or make one yourself). Great books for kids are Birnbaum’s Disneyland, Hidden Mickeys, Lots To Do In Line and Passporter’s Disney Character Yearbook.
4. Know crowd levels
Crowd levels change drastically throughout the year. Your experience will be much different in January than it would be in July. Crowd levels usually determine ticket, hotel and food prices also. High season means there are more crowds and it is more expensive. Check the seasonal rates and crowd expectations before you book. If possible, you may want to change your dates. Even a week earlier or later could change your experience drastically.
To check crowd levels for your travel dates (and possibly change your dates, if you so choose) go to Disney Attendance Charts for general attendance or The Disneyland Crowd Calendar for more specific crowd tracking. Disneyland also provided it’s own crowd estimations, along with weather and hours of operation throughout the year on their “When To Visit” page.
5. Know Calendar of Events & Ride Closures
Disneyland’s calendar of events changes with the seasons, crowd levels and holidays. Visit Disney’s Park Hours and Calendar page to find out when each park will open and close. During high seasons the park have longer hours. Lower seasons being shorter hours – especially at California Adventure. You can also see what entertainment and parades are scheduled during your stay by going to the Entertainment Schedule.
Before you choose your dates you may also want to check out the All Ears Ride Closure list. Disney uses low seasons to rehab many of their rides. Check out what is going to be closed for your trip before you go so you (and your kids) can be prepared.
6. Choose Your Hotel With Care
Disney Resort hotels (Disneyland Hotel, Paradise Pier and The Grand Californian Hotel & Spa) are posh, close-by and have all the Disney touches. But they are also much more expensive than hotels just outside the gates. If you want the full Disney experience and your budget is not tight, these are a great option – especially if you are staying a week or more.
Disney Good Neighbor Hotels work in conjunction with Disney Resorts to offer deals to guests. They are not on Disney property nor are they built or run by Disney, but you can book them through the Disneyland website and buy theme park tickets at their front desks. These have always been the safest and best bets for our family.
I highly recommend, however, only booking a hotel within two blocks of Disneyland Resort. Any further is just too much walking, waiting for trams and schlepping your stuff (and kids) around. Close is very, very important. My favorite Good Neighbor Hotel is the Best Western Anaheim Inn. I’ve also heard great things about the Best Western Park Place Inn, the Candy Cane Inn and the Fairfield Inn by Marriot.
7. Single Park or Park Hopper?
Single park tickets means you can go to one park each day. If you enter Disneyland Park in the morning, you can only go to that park that day. You’ll have to wait until the next day to go to California Adventure.
Park Hopper tickets are a bit more expensive. With park hoppers, you’ll be able to go back and forth between park as many times as you want during your days. You could ride the Tea Cups at Disneyland, Ride Soarin’ at Disney’s California Adventure, then head back to Disneyland for the afternoon parade and still catch World of Color in DCA at night.
If you are looking to save every penny you can – get singe park tickets. You’ll have to plan carefully what you’ll do each day, but you will save money. If you are looking more for ease of visit, get the park hopper. It’s very convenient to be able to enter both park in one day. We often found ourselves spending the morning in Disneyland, heading to DCA in the afternoon when Disneyland crowds got too big, then heading back to Disneyland in the evening for fireworks, parades or more rides. It was nice to have the freedom to choose.
If you buy your tickets on Disneyland’s website you can print them straight from your computer. This means you can take the ticket you printed straight to the turnstiles and don’t have to wait in the will call ticket line (which is usually at least 30 minutes long) at the park. Score!
If you are staying at a close hotel, you could probably walk to Disneyland. Leave your car at the hotel and walk. If you are staying at a hotel a few blocks away, use the shuttle. Almost every hotel offers one.
However if you will be staying with family or at a hotel far away, you’ll need to park in Disneyland’s Mickey and Friends Parking Garage. Be prepared to pay $15 to park your car for the day in the garage. You can purchase parking on Disneyland’s website also. From the garage, you will take a tram to the park entrance area.
If you are staying for the day, do not park in the Downtown Disney parking, even though it’s closer. It will end up costing $30 per day as they charge by the hour. If you are only staying for 3 hours or less, however, Downtown Disney parking will be free for you.
You can access both of these parking areas from the corner of Ball Road and Disneyland Drive.
10. Pack wisely
Once you book your trip, this will be the most important part of your planning. Here is a list of things to remember:
- Sunglasses (most common item lost in park)
- Comfortable walking shoes (for real…leave those flip flops at home)
- Comfortable clothes
- Backpack to carry essentials
- Food for breakfast, lunch and snacks – CLICK HERE for more information
- Bowls, spoons, knives, ziploc bags
- Refillable water bottles
- Digital camera
- Battery, charger and extra memory card for digital camera
- Medications (tylenol, kids’ tylenol, allergy meds, pepto, tums, etc…)
- Cell phone charger (most common item left in hotel rooms)
- Swimwear (if necessary)
- Ipods or portable dvd player with earbuds for the plane/car/hotel
- Hand sanitizer
- Bandaids and blister pads
- Ear plugs (for hotel sleeping and for other plane passengers if your baby cries)
- Tissues, chapstick, gum, nail clippers, tweezers
Especially For The Kids
- Kid’s formula sunscreen
- Comfortable walking shoes
- Extra changes of clothes (more than you think you’ll need)
- Strollers & car seats
- Formula & baby food
- Favorite blanket, stuffed animal, book
- Nightlight for hotel room
- Souvenirs purchased in advance
- Things to do in line and while traveling
- Wipes (baby wipes and hand wipes)
- Autograph book & large pen (so characters can grip it)
- Penlight for dark rides and dark lines
- Glow necklaces for night time (helps you see them AND they feel special)
- Barrettes and rubber bands for hair
Linked up at:
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But it wasn’t just locals who were riled by his work. At times some of his books were burned as un-American and subversive. Steinbeck was derided by angry growers and others as a “traitor to his class.” But he was not the ideologue he was accused of being. Of his novel In Dubious Battle,” for example, a hard look at leftist organizers in the orchards, Steinbeck wrote that the Communists would hate it and the other side would too.
Behrens said the migrant worker novels sired a bevy of “damage control” books by others, such as Plums of Plenty or the Grapes of Gladness that tried to show migrant life was just fine, that there were good jobs for all who wanted to work.
This, of course, was hooey and Steinbeck, himself at times a laborer and straw boss who had spent time with migrant workers and leftist organizers, knew it. The labor camps and the migrants with their problems were in place before he began writing about them, and he was overwhelmed by the conditions he found.
Those researching his work for the many later screenplays of his books concluded that if anything, conditions were even worse than he portrayed them.
Steinbeck and photographer Horace Bristol visited migrant areas for Life magazine for a piece on the impact of floods in 1937 and `38, but Life rejected the pictures as too graphic, Behrens said. After the1940 film The Grapes of Wrath won two Oscars and was nominated for five more, Life published the pictures.
Loops from some of the many movies made from his books play in the museum’s pocket theaters.
Many of the buildings in old photos in the museum remain standing in the adjacent Old Town, and are easily recognized. Steinbeck’s boyhood home, a wedding cake of a Queen Anne structure three blocks from the center at 132 Central Ave., suggests stability and comfort. It is a restaurant now, called The Steinbeck House.
Steinbeck said he initially wrote East of Eden for his sons because “I wanted them to know how it was, I wanted to tell them directly.” His work and the Steinbeck Center have kept that world alive for others as well.
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I am happy for this opportunity to respond in some way to Stephen Thompson's study of egyptological character of the Book of Abraham. Earlier this year he sent me a manuscript of a larger study, to which I responded in writing to him. The paper read today is a shortened and revised version of that earlier paper. Much of what I might have had to say as a critique was taken care of in my written response to him, and what objections I had have been addressed in this version. What I would like to do in this oral response today therefore is not so much raise questions against his thesis, but to give an indication what other evidence exists that supports his basic argument. I agree with him that the Book of Abraham does not derive from Abraham and is apparently not historical. If I have any quibble with Thompson it is that I think that we can be much more confident about these conclusions and that we can go further and argue in fact that the book is not ancient but specifically the composition of Joseph Smith. The bits of evidence I raise have more to do with matters of Hebrew and the Bible. Thompson's evidence shows one aspect of the character of the Book of Abraham; that it does not readily reflect a knowledge of Egyptian language, religion, and culture. My evidence shows a complementary aspect of the books character; that it really has a textual origin in the KJV and to some extent the Hebrew text of the Bible. The ancient language it is familiar with is not Egyptian but Hebrew.
(1) The first point to recognize is that though the Book of Abraham, particularly in the interpretations of the facsimiles, claim familiarity with two languages, Hebrew and Egyptian, it appears it only really knows Hebrew. I am not an Egyptologist and so I will not claim definitiveness here, but from what I have read by those who have made putative connections between the Egyptian words in the Book of Abraham and what is known of the Egyptian language today, the Book of Abraham does not get things right. Specifically, the meanings it gives for supposed Egyptian words is not right nor does the form or morphology of the Egyptian words correlate correctly. Thompson has dealt with some of these points and perhaps he might be willing to give a more comprehensive statement with regard to this matter in his response to me. The point here is that this lack of correspondence between the Book of Abraham Egyptian terms and what is known about the Egyptian language contrasts in the most extreme way with the knowledge of Hebrew portrayed by the book. Here most everything is correct and easily verifiable. The reason why the Hebrew is correct, of course, is that Joseph Smith was at the time of producing the Book of Abraham studying Hebrew with Joshua Sexias. The transliterations of Hebrew used in the Book of Abraham are those employed in Sexias grammar that Joseph Smith used. The difficulty verifying the Egyptian vis-a-vis the ease in verifying the Hebrew, in my view, gives greater relief to the impression that the book has no real connection with Egyptian language and culture.
(2) If we take a moment to stand back--to look at the "big picture" as Nibley often urges us to do--and look at the flow of the story in the Book of Abraham we see that it has a close connection with the biblical story of Abraham and specifically reflects the language of the KJV. While Book of Abraham 1 and 3 are wholly new (i.e., they do not have parallels in the Bible), Book of Abraham 2 parallels Genesis 11:27-12:13 (with modifications) and Book of Abraham 4-5 parallel Genesis 1-2 (with modifications). This suggests that a main source of the text is the KJV. This is not decisive in and of itself but it is a consideration which needs to be put into the hopper.
(3) Joseph's Hebrew learning is reflected in the creation story of the Book of Abraham. This ties it more firmly to the Bible as a source. Instead of the KJV's "without form and void" for the Hebrew tohu vavohu, the Book of Abraham uses "empty and desolate"; instead of KJV's "moved upon the face of the waters" for the Hebrew merahefet al pene hamayim, Book of Abraham has "was brooding upon the face of the waters"; instead of KJV's "firmament" for Hebrew raqia, Book of Abraham has "expanse"; in addition to KJV's simple "divided the light from the darkness" for Hebrew wayyavdellhivdil ben haor uvenhahoshek, Book of Abraham adds a gloss "divided the light, or caused it to be divided, from the darkness." These differences or additions are all found in Joshua Sexias' Hebrew grammar. Hebrew knowledge and use of the Bible is being reflected here, not Egyptian and the used of an Egyptian text.
(4) Most critical scholars of the Bible agree that there were originally two creation stories in Genesis 1-2, story A in 1:1- 2:4a and story B in 2:4b-25. The reasons for seeing two stories is because of a difference in style, vocabulary, and contradictions between the two. Story A, for example, has plants created on the third day, animals created on the fifth and sixth days, and humans on the sixth day. Story B has a different order: the male is created first, then some trees (perhaps plants are included here too), then the animals, then the woman. Though there are different arguments about whence these stories derive in Israelite tradition and about how and when they were brought together, it is generally recognized that they were brought together at a relatively late date, no earlier that 900 BCE and more probably in the sixth century BCE. Both arose in separate circles and were originally independent. Because the creation story in Book of Abraham 4-5 reflects these two stories together, then the Book of Abraham text must post-date the time when the biblical texts were brought together. That is from long after the supposed time of Abraham.
(5) A further point can be made with respect to the creation stories. Here I need to bring in the creation story from the Book of Moses. It seems that the differences between the Book of Abraham and Book of Moses creation stories vis-a-vis that (or those) in the Bible are apparently due to an attempt to make sense of the contradictions that appeared between the two Bible stories. In the Book of Moses the parts of the story that correspond to the Genesis A and B stories are presented as sequential events. Story-A happens first, then B. Notably the physical creation of humans, plants, and animals is viewed as occurring only in the B-story. Statements are added in this part of the story explaining that the creation of these life forms in the A-part of the story was just a spiritual creation. Plants, animals, and humans were not actually created physically during the six days of creation.
If the stories are read sequentially in the Book of Moses, then the question arises as to when life forms were created. A consecutive reading would lead to the conclusion that it was on the seventh day, when God rests, since story B immediately follows this temporal notice. This turns out to be right on the mark. DC 77:12 (produced two years after the Book of Moses) confirms it when it says: "We are to understand that God made the world in six days, and on the seventh day he finished his work, and also formed man out of the dust of the earth." The language saying man was formed out of the dust of the earth is from the B creation story.
This solution was innovative and it gave a basis for arguing that people and other life forms had a spiritual creation before their physical creation. But it was a problematic solution. It placed the spiritual creation of these entities during the middle of the creative enterprise. Humans were only spritually created on the sixth day! This formed a contradiction with the notion, also expressed in the text, that Jesus was on hand from the beginning of creation. It seemed to say that humanity at large were spiritually created at a time different from Jesus.
The Book of Abraham creation story solved this difficulty. For story A instead of speaking about spritual creation, it spoke of preparation of the earth to bring forth the life forms. Note the phrases: "the Gods organized the earth to bring forth grass"; "Let us prepare the waters to bring forth abundantly the moving creatures"; "the Gods prepared the earth to bring forth the living creature." As for humans, the Gods only go down on the sixth day in order to create; the text does not say that humans were created on the sixth day. It is on the seventh day, in the sequence of the story, that the humans are created with the other life forms.
Where is the spiritual creation? It is pushed back one chapter to chapter 3. Human spirits now exist before any work on the creation of the earth begins.
This logic in explaining the differences between the Genesis, Book of Moses, and Book of Abraham creation stories shows that the real order of composition was Genesis, Book of Moses and then Book of Abraham. This corresponds with the date of their production: the Bible is old and the KJV was produced in 1611; the Book of Moses was produced in c. 1830; D&C 77 in 1832; and the Book of Abraham in 1835 and thereafter. The traditional order of Book of Abraham, then Book of Moses, then Genesis, does not make conceptual sense. Why would the Moses account, presumably later than Book of Abraham in this view, place the spiritual creation of humans on the sixth day after Abraham had given such a nice presentation? These considerations show that Genesis is the primary text and the others are responses to it.
Conclusion: These evidences coupled with Thompson's observations show that the Book of Abraham is not the composition of Abraham, not historical, and, in fact, the product of Joseph Smith's creative--inspired, if you will--exegesis. This auctorial conclusion can be made with confidence. It is far from a wild speculation. In contrast it must be noted that much of the scholarship that has been written defending the antiquity of the book (and Abrahamic authorship or its historicity), most of it by Hugh Nibley, is weak and speculative if not essentially flawed by lack of precision in reading texts and by methodological looseness.
If I have any questions for Thompson, they have to do with the future of the Book of Abraham as an object of scholarly interest and as a work of scripture in Mormon tradition. On the scholarly side of things, if we can confidently think that Joseph Smith is its composer, what further issues remain to be studied? What tools are necessary for those who would seek to study the Book of Abraham on this basis? What interests might scholars bring to bear on the book? On the religious side of things, what should the church (or churches) do with the Book of Abraham? Should the book be demoted from the canon? If not, is there a need for revising the understanding of what scripture and even revelation is?
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Gregory Timp received the Ph.D. degree in electrical engineering from Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, in 1984 under the supervision of M. Dresselhaus. From 1984 to 1986, he was a Postdoctoral Fellow in low temperature transport and nanostructure physics at IBM with A. Fowler. In 1986, he joined Bell Laboratories, where he was engaged in the research on nanostructure physics. As part of one collaboration, he investigated low temperature transport in electron waveguides and high mobility nanostructures, which was so short that the transport is ballistic. In another effort, he explored the use of optical traps and laser focusing of single atoms for lithography applications. From 2000 to 2009, he was a Member in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and the Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology at the University of Illinois, Urbana. He is currently the Keough-Hesburgh Professor of electrical engineering and biological sciences at the University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, where he has been involved in the research on the boundary between biology and nanoelectronics. His research interests include using nanopore sensors to detect the electronic structure of biomolecules and using optical tweezers to manipulate nanoparticles and living cells into large arrays, and super high frequency >30 GHz circuit design using radio frequency MOSFETs.
View Professor Timp's full CV here.
Utkur M. Mirsaidov received the Ph.D. degree in physics from the University of Texas at Austin, in 2005 working under Prof. John Markert. He did his Postdoctoral work with Gregory Timp at the Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana- Champaign. His research interests include single molecule biophysics, bio-imaging and biosensors.
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From the Teaching column of the March 2010 issue of Perspectives on History
Teaching History Sixties Style at Temple University
Students Use Teach-ins to Make Sense of the Post 9/11 World
In September 2002 I began teaching at Temple University a new history course—Dissent in America—that I had developed. My thesis was that dissent is central to American history, that the nation, indeed, was founded on dissent. In the 17th century, religious dissenters such as the Puritans and the Quakers established colonies in order to practice what they believed was true religion. In the 18th century, political dissenters protested against what they perceived as the tyrannical policies of the crown and in doing so fomented a revolution that established a new nation. But no sooner was the United States founded than individuals began denouncing unfair taxation, restrictions on voting rights, the continuation of slavery, and the cruel treatment of Native Americans. Throughout the 19th century, workers demanded the right to organize, women demanded the right to vote, and reformers demanded that the government step in and regulate the exploitive practices of industrialists, while in the 20th century, women gained the suffrage and civil rights protesters brought down Jim Crow. And every war in American history has had its protesters, including the Civil War (on both sides) and even the “Good War” (the Second World War).
The course was a small seminar with 20 students and it seemed from the start that the students were keen to learn about the history of dissent and investigate how it influenced the evolution of American society. Perhaps college students are simply natural-born dissenters; after all, many of them are still suffering the tribulations of adolescence and experimenting with establishing their own personal identity. During the first week, as I lectured on the European roots of dissent and the colonial period, I was very pleased how quickly students saw the connections between the past and the present. They pointed out how the arguments of a 17th-century dissenter like Roger Williams were still applicable today in the heated debates over separation of church and state or how the protests against the Alien and Sedition Acts at the end of the 18th century were echoed by those who protested against the Patriot Act in the 21st century. The discussions often turned out to be quite exciting. One Wednesday, for instance, while discussing the impact of the Transcendentalist movement I called attention to Margaret Fuller’s comment that in every man there is the feminine principle and in every woman the masculine. Somehow this struck a chord and we got into an animated discussion about gender issues and many of the students offered first-rate penetrating insights. Best of all, not only did every one of the 20 students contribute to the discussion (even those who were usually reticent), but without realizing it, we also went well beyond the appointed hour for the class. I had not experienced anything quite like it before.
That was the beginning. Every Monday, Wednesday, and Friday, from that point on, the students stayed for 30, 60, sometimes even 90 minutes after class, discussing present-day examples of whatever topic we had been examining in class. After a couple of weeks I suggested that if they agreed we could open up the Friday post-class discussion and invite anyone who was interested to come and join us in discussing the historical background of contemporary issues. And I suggested that we call them “teach-ins” (as a child of the 1960s, I couldn’t help it). The students loved the idea. One said she’d make and distribute flyers, others volunteered to research a subject and do a presentation on it. And so they took off. From October to December 2002 we had 10 Friday-afternoon teach-ins, led by the students, on such subjects as examining the backgrounds of each member of the president’s cabinet, a comparison of the Iraq War Resolution (which Congress had just then passed) with the Tonkin Gulf Resolution, the Patriot Act, why American policy toward Iraq was different from the policy toward Korea, an analysis of U.S. Army recruitment ads, the School of the Americas, and such larger issues as the meaning of patriotism. All of these topics were suggested by the students themselves.
Before the end of the semester the students voted unanimously to continue the teach-ins in the new semester even though the Dissent in America course would be over. And so they continued. And they continued to grow. As more and more students as well as other Temple University faculty learned of the teach-ins, it was not uncommon for an instructor to bring his/her entire class to one of the events. Many professors contacted me to offer their skills and expertise to lead a teach-in. Even scholars from other institutions expressed their willingness to come to Temple to lead a teach-in. Nearly every history professor at Temple (as well as many from other departments) either led a teach-in, or connected it in some way to one of the courses they were teaching at the time. A professor from Temple’s School of Communications and Theatre regularly brought in her teaching assistants with cameras, sound equipment, and lighting in order to stream the teach-ins on the internet. Because of these webcasts, we received live e-mail questions from people in other locations on campus, in other states, and even, occasionally, in places as far away as Europe and Australia.
Each teach-in usually began with a 30–45 minute presentation of the historical background of a contemporary issue and then the presenter led a discussion among the students. What seemed to work best, we discovered, is dialogue rather than a traditional question-and-answer period. Some of the best discussions have developed when a presenter, in response to a question, did not immediately answer it, but first threw it back to see if anyone else wished to respond. Dialogue gets students more actively involved in the learning process than the standard Q & A ritual.
Perhaps one of the most astonishing things about the teach-ins is that they are entirely voluntary. Even though they grew out of my first Dissent in America class, they are not attached to any class and no student is graded for attending or participating. Some professors have, it is true, offered their students extra credit for attending, but this is the exception rather than the rule. In many ways the teach-ins complement the regular history curriculum at Temple. Frequently, students e-mail me a few days after one of my colleagues has made a presentation and ask me what courses that professor teaches because they want to enroll in one of his or her courses the next semester. So in a curious way, some of the teach-ins act like a sample, or a preview, of the history department’s course offerings. There are also times when a teach-in deals with a subject that connects to a variety of courses, for example a teach-in on the assassination of El Salvador’s Archbishop Romero attracted students taking courses on American foreign policy as well as those in the Latin American studies program and the political science department.
When it is taken into consideration that the teach-ins are noncredit, ungraded, fun events that take place on a Friday afternoon from 3:30 to 5:00, at a time when most college students are eager to “chill” and begin their weekend, it is a remarkable testimony to the intellectual curiosity of those who choose to attend. The sense of satisfaction that I feel in the presence of these students is incalculable. This is, after all, why we teach.
All in all, the teach-in experience has been valuable, not only for me, or for the students, but also for Temple’s history program in general. They highlighted how important historical literacy is for all citizens. If we hope to understand the world we live in and respond to the challenges our society faces, it is imperative to cultivate a mind that thinks historically. In doing so, we achieve a deeper sense of ourselves as a nation, a people, and as individuals. It is the path to self-knowledge.
Ralph Young is associate professor (teaching) in the history department at Temple University.
The Teach-ins at Temple University: Some Examples
One of the first teach-ins was an exceptionally well-researched analysis by two students of the Patriot Act. After describing many of the provisions of the act the students led a lengthy discussion of where the Patriot Act fit into the fabric of American History, comparing it to the Alien and Sedition Acts, Lincoln’s suspension of Habeas Corpus, and the Espionage and Sabotage Acts of the Wilson Administration.
When Russian scholar Vladislav Zubok led a teach-in on the Chechnyan terrorist attacks in Russia he provided a detailed history of the Chechnyan situation going back to the days of the Soviet Union so that students could put the present-day events in historical context. American Historian David Farber led one teach-in on the Iran Hostage crisis in which he went through a step-by-step analysis of American/Iran relations since the coup that overthrew Mohammad Mossadegh, and led another teach-in this past year contrasting the 2008 presidential election with that of 1968.
Historians and scholars from other institutions, depending on the topic they chose, followed the same approach. Vietnam expert Robert Buzzanco from the University of Houston drew on his scholarship when he examined the similarities and dissimilarities between the wars in Vietnam and Iraq. His presentation emphasized the deep complexities of history and explained why it was not desirable to draw facile lessons from the past. Many of the teach-ins, however, did not deal with contemporary issues, but concentrated entirely on a past event or movement. For example, Jeremy Varon, from Drew University stayed in the 1960s and 1970s during his presentation on West Germany’s Red Army Faction and the United States’ Weather Underground. And Gerda Lerner pointed out the intricacies and pitfalls of biography when she discussed the limits of memory that historians face even when writing their own autobiographies.
Several of the teach-ins were basically “oral history” presentations. Columbia University’s Richard Garfield discussed his experience working in Iraq with civilian casualties, as did anti-war activist and Army medical specialist Patrick Resta. Michael Berg, whose son Nick was beheaded by Abu Musa’b al-Zarqawi put forward, as one might expect, an impassioned critique of American policy in Iraq. Other teach-ins featured military personnel who presented a more positive view of the war. Colonels Michael Cleary and Daniel Rubini enthusiastically discussed their role in the rebuilding of Iraq during their tours of duty there. And 1st Lt. J. David Fleming, mesmerized more than one hundred students in October 2004 with his presentation entitled “Reflections of a Marine Stationed in Iraq.” Another teach-in that got students talking for days was a panel discussion led by four Islamic scholars (Ibrahim Al-Marashi, Melani Budianta, Federico Romero, and Nur Bilge Criss) on Muslim perceptions of the United States since 9/11/2001. And just this past November so many students came to the teach-in led by Judge John E. Jones III that we had to repair to a lecture hall to accommodate the more than 275 attendees. Judge Jones, who was appointed by President George W. Bush to the U.S. District Court for the Middle District of Pennsylvania, led the teach-in about the contentious 2005 Dover, Pennsylvania, “Intelligent Design” trial (Kitzmiller v. Dover Areas School District) over which he presided.
For more information about the teach-ins visit http://develop.temple.edu/history/teachin/; http://www.facebook.com/group.php?gid=142569935955&ref=mf; www.temple.edu/newsroom/2009_2010/12/stories/Teachin.htm.
Copyright © American Historical AssociationLast Updated: February 26, 2010 11:20 AM
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NEW YORK, Feb. 5, 2007It appears that the skin, the largest organ in our body, is a kind of zoo and some of the inhabitants are quite novel, according to a new study. Researchers found evidence for 182 species of bacteria in skin samples. Eight percent were unknown species that had never before been described.
It is the first study to identify the composition of bacterial populations on the skin using a powerful molecular method. Not only were the bacteria more diverse than previously estimated, but some of them had not been found before, says Martin J. Blaser, M.D., Frederick King Professor and Chair of the Department of Medicine and Professor of Microbiology at NYU School of Medicine, one of the authors of the study.
"The skin is home to a virtual zoo of bacteria," he says. This study is published February 5, 2007, in the online edition of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
The researchers analyzed the bacteria on the forearms of six healthy subjects; three men and three women. "This is essentially the first molecular study of the skin," says Dr. Blaser. The skin has been, he says, terra incognita, an unknown world that he and his colleagues have set out to understand much like explorers.
"There are probably fewer than ten labs in the U.S. looking at this question," says Dr. Blaser. "It is very intensive work," he adds. Zhan Gao, M.D., senior research scientist in Dr. Blaser's lab, led the research, which took more than three years to complete.
Some of the bacteria on the skin appear to be more or less permanent residents; others are transient, according to the study.
This research is part of an emerging effort to study human microbial ecology. Dr. Blaser's laboratory has previously examined the bacterial population in the stomach and the esophagus. "Many of the bacteria of the human body are still unknown," he says. "We all live with bacteria all our lives and occasi
Contact: Jennifer Berman
New York University Medical Center and School of Medicine
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SOUTHERN Rural Water has refuted claims by Portland district contractor Mel Bartlett that its fees for drilling bores are out of line and that its methods of calculating groundwater reserves are wrong.
Groundwater and rivers general manager Craig Parker said the water corporation was a not-for-profit government-owned entity and its fees reflected the cost of assessing applications.
Mr Bartlett, of Bolwarra, told The Standard last weekend the $720 works permit was deterring farmers, householders and recreation groups from sinking bores.
He also criticised the corporation’s assessment of groundwater reserves.
Mr Parker said fees had been increased because the cost of applications was being subsidised by regular licence holders.
“We now have fees that accurately reflect the cost of assessing a licence application, which can include hydrogeological reporting, notifications to neighbours, advertising in local newspapers, public meetings, and more,” he said.
“For the next five years, we are proposing fee rises that are at CPI only.
“We invited every Southern Rural Water customer to comment on our fees and projects via a recent survey.”
Mr Parker said the corporation assessed an average of 230 applications across the south-west each year for the past three years — usually around 30 for commercial licences and 200 for domestic and stock water.
In response to Mr Barlett’s criticism that South Australia charged only $70 for a permit fee, Mr Parker said it was difficult to compare fees from jurisdictions which may have different policies on full-cost recovery.
He said Southern Rural Water had a vast knowledge of groundwater across the state, including its recent 3D mapping of underground water and the launch last year of its south-west atlas.
“The atlas was created through consultation with a wide range of stakeholders,” he said.
“On top of that, we also use hydrogeological audits of specific aquifers which look at things like rate of recharge, the amount being taken out by licence holders, the amount flowing out to sea and more.
“Our methods have recently been upheld in VCAT.”
The atlas is available on Southern Rural Water’s website, www.srw.com.au, as well as a new hydrograph service showing levels in observation bores across the region.
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When Mercy Home opened its doors to young men 125 years ago, my predecessors understood that a roof, a bed, and three square meals a day were not enough to foster the successful transition from youth into adulthood. They also wrote about the very real challenges—and dangers—that so many young people were facing at the time in Chicago's streets. What is remarkable about these writings is not how much has changed over these past 125 years, but how much remains the same.
I think many of us make the mistake of thinking that somehow, today's kids are “different.” They're not like kids of, (insert your generation here). But in fact, we are all created by our loving God and in His image. Being the same, the desires that impel us, the anxieties that burden us and the fears that can cause us to act in seemingly irrational ways are common to all peoples and all ages.
This is good news, in a way. It means that when we are searching for solutions to supposedly contemporary problems—like youth violence—the source of the problem might not always be as mystifying or elusive as we may presume.
My coworkers continue to bring together the best research and insights into human behavior in the service of the young people in our care. One of them, a clinical therapist and a youth diagnostician here at the Home named Mike Martinez, addresses the potential sources of youth violence among young males with a group of our own young men.
For a little over a year, Martinez has been co-facilitating the Young Men's Group-known informally as "rights of passage," with a fellow clinician, Anthony Di Vittorio. It is a therapy group designed to help our boys learn to be men of integrity. Many of our young men come to us from backgrounds where positive male role models were in short supply. But in Mike's group, these boys are learning to live by five core principles: integrity, positive anger expression, accountability, self-determination, and respect for womanhood.
Participation in the group is voluntarily, and members meet once a week for a year. After the year is over, the young men can re-enroll if they choose. They learn the five core principles through role playing, storytelling, discussions about TV shows and movies, and through space for open feedback to work through the group's material.
Martinez said Mercy Home's young men enjoy the group because the material is engaging and entertaining, but also because it provides an open space where they can work through issues together without worrying about the repercussions. Whatever is said in the group stays in the group but also helps its members understand what they are thinking. "We hold people accountable, but we're not judgmental," Martinez said.
Rites of Passage is now in its second year at Mercy Home, and several young men have already re-enrolled. Martinez said he has been excited to see how the boys have latched on to the material and put it to use outside the group, so they can be the kind of men they may never have had in their lives.
"It helps them with their own compass in life," he said. That's critical. The 'rites of passage' refers to what psychologists and anthropologists have found to be innate needs of boys as they approach manhood—the need for belonging, and for rituals that confer manhood. In organized societies, these rites are structured and organized. The path to manhood is made clear by those who went before, but, for young men who come largely from broken homes, with few formalized structures to help them model manhood as they journey towards it, it can be too easy to gravitate toward things that seem to fulfill that role – gangs, drugs, irresponsible and even violent behavior, a mode of resolving conflict through aggression. Mike's group helps fill this void and gives young men that roadmap they so desperately, innately-need.
It’s a lesson for all of us and one whose truth is timeless. We can be the shepherds for our young men, guiding them into manhood and away from violence. And we can support programs that offer kids like these pathways to responsible adulthood.
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Unicef has a new commercial depicting Santa as hateful and selfish. In the ad, Santa scoffs at the idea giving life-saving medicines and vaccines instead of useless toys.
According to the producers of this video, Santa is symbolic of "the injustice in the world." It's an attack on the wealth of the West. The producers ignore the fact that Western nations - led by the United States - are the most charitable countries on earth.
Ironically, countries that do not use "Santa" and do not celebrate the giving season of Christmas are the LEAST charitable, especially oil-rich islamic countries..
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- 6 cups all-purpose (plain) flour
- 1 rounded tsp salt
- generous pinch saffron, dissolved in a little water
- 2 1/2 cups tomato sauce
- grated Pecorino or Parmesan cheese
Method of preparation:
- Sift the flour into a large bowl; add the salt and the saffron
with its water. Gradually add enough water to make a smooth,
pliable dough, kneading vigorously until the color of the saffron
is well disbursed and no longer leaves streaks of yellow in the
- Break off pieces of the dough and roll them into small "sausages" about 4 inch in diameter. Cut these again into short lengths and press them lightly against a fine sieve to make a criss-cross pattern. Spread them out on a large tray sprinkled with flour, and leave them in a dry warm place for 2 days.
- Bring a large pan of salted water to the boil. Add the gnocchi a few at a time. Almost as soon as they rise to the top of the pan they are ready. Remove with slotted spoon, let them drain them thoroughly and transfer them to a deep heated serving dish.
-Dress generously with tomato sauce and grated Pecorino cheese, and serve immediately.
It is important that the tomato sauce be well flavored and home-made.
Source: Italian Regional Food
Photo: Gourmet Traveller
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Son donates kidney to dad with hereditary condition
Possibility remains son could contract illness
A tri-state man donated one of his kidneys so that his father could live.
Stephen Holland, 20, donated a kidney to his father, Steve. Steve was diagnosed with polycystic kidney disease, a hereditary disorder.
Stephen attends Sinclair College on a baseball scholarship.
“The doctors said that I will probably be out of baseball (for) about a month but as long as I keep a healthy diet I should be able to come back just as strong as I was," Stephen said.
Doctors said the long-term benefits of receiving a kidney from a living donor greatly benefit Steve.
“Living donor kidneys last longer, in general they last twice as long - about 20 years. If you can get a very well-matched donor, those can last on average around 30 years," Dr. Steve Woodle said.
Father and son were recovering at UC Medical Center Tuesday. Steve said he was already feeling much better. “When I woke up yesterday I felt a big difference," he said.
Doctors said Steve’s condition is hereditary and there is a 50 percent chance that Stephen could develop the same condition that afflicts his father. Still he said: “It was worth it.”
He also took a risk with his baseball career. Stephen said he was being scouted by recruiters from four-year schools and he hoped his decision to donate his kidney does not impact his baseball prospects.
Copyright 2013 by WLWT.com All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.
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MedPage Today describes the widespread publication of false and unsupported claims about weight loss, caloric intake and dieting found in news reports, scientific reports and popular media. Unproven beliefs lead to useless and harmful medical and public health endorsements.
The New England Journal of Medicine on Jan. 31, 2013 reported the results of a study by Casazza and colleagues at the University of Alabama at Birmingham that identified the common obesity-related myths by searching the contemporary media and the scientific literature to sort out the facts from false assumptions. The Alabama group compared the published results in the media with facts supported by scientific evidence. The results yielded seven obesity-related myths about elements of weight loss. The researchers found the following myths that lacked support from the scientific research:
*Slight changes in energy intake or output generate longer-duration weight loss
*Realistic goal statements lead to less frustrated trials of weight-lose
*Rapid shedding of many pounds leads to less long-term weight change
*Dieting readiness required for succeeding at weight loss
*Play in physical-education class represents an effective approach for weight loss
*Breast-feeding protects against a child from becoming obese
*Sexual activity produces 100-300 calories of energy expenditure
The authors of the research noted that the countless myths suggest a failure to take into account the various characteristics of energy balance and compensations undertaken by the body when attempting weight loss. Other myths and misconceptions continue to be propagated and contribute to the misinformation on this subject.
In Ethnicity and Disease in 2012, Robert Eckel, MD, from the University of Colorado, School of Medicine, details two evidence-based facts on weight loss to be embraced by the general public. Dietary intake with consumption of less caloric intake represents the key element in weight loss. Exercise performed with adequate frequency needs to complement a decrease in caloric intake and develop into a routine activity as a means to sustain weight loss. Further research remains ongoing and will add to practical information to assist individuals attempting weight loss.
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A Light in the Dark
Jan 27, 2013
from 10:00 AM to 04:30 PM
|Where||Barrington Living History Farm|
|Contact Name||Barb King|
|Contact Phone||(936) 878-2214 x246|
Have you ever wondered how people could see at night before electricity? What products could be used to create light in the darkness? Grease lamps, whale-oil lamps, and candles, made from a variety of different materials, were a few of the options that people would have had in 1850. Dipping candles was a seasonal chore that would have occupied family members in the winter time after butchering. Visitors, six-years-old and older, can make a small pair of tapers to take home. Help us mind our beeswax while figuring out what type of light would have worked best for your family in 1850.
“A Light in the Dark” will be held Saturday and Sunday, January 26th & 27th, at Barrington Living History Farm, home of Dr. Anson Jones, last president of the Republic of Texas. It is located within Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historical Park off Highway 105 between Navasota and Brenham on FM 1155.
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This past semester, I had the honour and privilege of teaching 16 amazing first year students through a First Year Seminar course, Cool Heads for a Hot Planet: Canada and Climate Change at the University of Guelph. We spent the semester studying climate change from an interdiscplinary perspective, incorporating science, geography, social impacts, cultural implications, economic effects, and politics. We simulated the Conference of the Parties. We Skyped with my Inuit colleagues from Nunatsiavut, Labrador. We had guest speakers. And we had many, many discussions and debates.
After weeks of grappling with the complexities of a changing climate and environment, as a group, we felt we could no longer sit idly by and simply study. We wanted to do something. Something that would allow us to share our concerns and our fears about climate change, but also our hopes and beliefs in the creative potential of humanity to come together to mitigate, adapt, and move forward. From this desire for citizen action, and believing in the importance of creating dialogue, Robocall Steve for Climate Action was born. Wanting to approach to event with levity and positive energy, we decided to play off the recent ‘Robocall’ scandal (especially since Guelph is the epicentre of it all), and agreed that if politicians can robocall us, then we can robocall them right back: except this time about climate change.
On April 4th, students, staff, and community members gathered in the University of Guelph’s outdoor courtyard to Robocall Steve and share a simple, non-partisan message. With approximately 300 people making phone calls from the courtyard and inside the Robot-shaped call booth, the event was a great success. People were respectful. Joyous. Happy. And proud to be exercising their democratic rights and responsibilities of active citizenry.While politics may have played a role for some, the event itself was about transcending politics, about coming together as citizens who have to share this planet, and who are quickly realizing that many of our fellow human beings are already suffering the negative impacts of climate change.
As a social scientists who has spent the last four years collaboratively researching with Inuit colleagues about the impacts of climate change on health (particularly mental health), I have witnessed the ways in which Canadian Inuit in Canada are experiencing rapid disruptions in their ability to hunt, fish, trap, and travel to cabins: disruptions which affect culture, livelihoods, and health. I have become increasingly uneasy about the often-slow pace of research, and the time it can take for research to translate into policy. The changes are moving much faster, and we can’t seem to keep up. I have also become increasingly uneasy about Canada’s current standing on climate change issues domestically and on a world stage. And have continually felt that we all need to do more. Say more. Act more.
As an instructor, I have always believed in the importance of transcending classroom boundaries, of moving curriculum beyond the walls of the University, of uniting academic learning and knowledge with citizen action. And I saw the proof of this need on April 4th. My students were simply awe-inspiring. Passionate. Motivated. Active. Engaged. Educated. Knowledgeable. And contagious! And throughout it all, never angry, never rude, never disrespectful. Peaceful. Joyous. And this translated to the crowd. Callers said ‘please’ and ‘thank you’ and ‘I really appreciate you taking my call’. People were joining together in friendship and community under one goal: to remind politicians that as Canadians — that as humans on this planet — we need something to be done. There is no Planet B.
We need more of this. We need more events and dialogue and phone calls and gatherings and citizen engagement. We need more courses that inspire students to move beyond the classroom wall. We need more students like Afnan Bagader, Vanita Buchoon, Alexandra Buffone, Morgan Dobroshinsky, Emma Genest, Michelle Grover, Jocelyn Keeson, Sukhchan Lail, Kayley Langdon, Neda Mirjabari, Joanna Rees, Shannon Regan, Tyler White, Amanda Wilkins, Hilary Worm, and Melissa Zigler.
Keep the momentum going. Organize your own events. Make your own phone calls. Keep calling with the same message. Share it. Do it for us!
Now it’s your turn…!
Events like this wouldn’t happen without the support of great people. We have been blessed and privileged to work with Abid Virani throughout this entire process, and to have Abid employ his talents as a filmmaker and director for our events. Abid was assisted by Siomon Willox, a grade 11 student at Guelph Collegiate Vocational Institute, and co-op student for Abid’s charity, I Have Hope. We also received great advice and guidance from Geoff Loughton, Gracen Johnson, and Yvonne Su, the students behind Guelph’s successful Vote Mob movement, and in particular, we thank Geoff for the simple yet elegant suggestion of putting ‘robo’ in front of ‘call’.
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The “Second Plateau”: Japan’s Economy and Structures of Inequality
Sekai Interviews Niwa Uichiro
Translated by John Junkerman
[In this incisive interview Niwa Uichiro, Chairman of Itochu, critiques the economic policy of the Koizumi regime. Before addressing the details of Niwa's critique, it is important to point out that Itochu is one of Japan's leading Sogo shosha (general trading) companies. It is also one of the world's largest firms, with over 1,000 subsidiaries and associated companies in over 80 countries. Niwa is a highly respected figure in Japanese business circles, and his comments carry considerable weight in Japan's public debate.
While Niwa is critical of the Koizumi reforms and the effect they have had on Japan, he is not one of the frequently caricatured pork-barrel conservatives who lament the erosion of their vested interests. Niwa brought Itochu back from the brink of mega-debt in the late 1990s, is progressive on the role of women, and is an internationalist. He can compete with any neoliberal as being representative of the "new Japan."
Niwa does not, however, believe that Japan must adopt US-style capitalism in order to be new, reformed, rising, modern, or whatever buzzword the international investment community happens to be using. Niwa's critical approach reflects an increasingly powerful and credible backlash against Japan's neoliberals. Only a few years ago the latter were labelling virtually any institution they saw (or believed they saw) in the US as "the global standard" and insisting that Japan adopt it or fall into the dustbin of history. They have succeeded in setting the broad thrust of policy change in the direction of a US-style small state that shifts the risks of ageing, unemployment, technological change and health care onto individuals. Like others, Niwa argues that the economic recovery now trumpeted as the fruit of neoliberal reforms is in fact weak. He also charges that the costs of the reforms are mounting and pose a threat to weaken Japanese society as well as tohamstring the competitiveness of the economy.
Japan's recovery is indeed at best tentative rather than the sure thing touted in the business press. Niwa emphasizes the more long-term hurdles posed by ageing's "slow demand" effect on domestic consumption. In the wake of his interview, moreover, further supporting evidence has come to light. The May 12 Nikkei newspaper reports that average household consumption in Japan dropped by 3.2 percent in the first quarter of this year. That leaves Japan even more dependent on growth in overseas markets, while energy and raw materials prices skyrocket, the US dollar declines, the American property bubble deflates, and a host of other problems threaten to crimp global growth.
Niwa highlights another problem receiving increasing attention by scholars and business leaders (including the head of Keidanren), but little effective policy response from the neoliberals dominating the Koizumi administration. As the labour forces shrinks and ages, Japan will have to boost its human capital in order to compete in the increasingly knowledge-centred economy.
Neoliberals appear to believe that this challenge is best left to the market. But that approach risks worsening inequality while also leaving the country overall with an undersupply of talent. Even austere models of the state generally understand that it has an essential role in providing goods and services that the market either won't provide at all or will provide in insufficient quantity and quality.
Japan is a country whose modern prosperity was in large part built on equity in basic education. So it is incredible to see it run by a regime that uses "equality of opportunity" as a cheap slogan rather than a serious policy. As Niwa argues, a lot of opportunities are being sacrificed on the altar of an American neoliberal model that is driving the pace of income and wealth inequality while destroying the fragile sinews of the welfare state and public funding of education. Niwa shows that it is time to change course and aim reform at Japan’s demographic, geographical and socioeconomic realities. AD]
Sekai: First, could you tell us how you see the current state of the Japanese economy? What is your forecast for 2006?
Niwa: My sense is that the Japanese economy has arrived at a “higher plateau.” There’s been a debate over whether Japan has escaped from the plateau, and I think that Japan has left the low-level plateau it has been on. But this is a result of the jump in energy prices, and the rise in the price of raw materials, driven by China. I have some doubt that the Japanese economy has begun a truly strong recovery. Because of the favorable wind from China, it has escaped the first plateau but it is now stalled on a second, higher plateau. And there are several factors that make me wonder about the direction the Japanese economy is headed.
Trade has historically been the force behind the Japanese economy. The nation’s current account includes foreign income and trade balances, but foreign income (13 trillion yen) has surpassed the trade balance (10 trillion yen). The result is that Japanese funds have been invested overseas to purchase bonds and stocks, and to purchase or set up companies, and dividends from those companies and income from patents and other non-trade related income have increased.
The problem here is that we may see some decline in the balance of trade that has been the driving force of the economy. In economics, S-I=X, savings minus investment equals the current account. The savings rate in Japan was 15 percent in 1991, but it had fallen to 8 percent by 2005. It is projected to fall to 3 percent by 2010.
The savings rate is the amount of savings divided by disposable income, so even with considerable fluctuation in disposable income, the savings rate will not fall greatly if there’s no drop in the numerator, the amount of savings. So this implies that there has been a dramatic decrease in the amount of savings in Japan. This is likely to result in a reduction in the balance of trade, which has driven the economy. Foreign income will play a larger role than the balance of trade. This is an inevitable result of the increase in overseas investment.
In addition, to maintain economic growth at the 2 or 2.5 percent level that everyone talks about, it will be necessary to increase domestic consumption. Domestic consumption will have to drive the Japanese economy. Unfortunately, however, domestic consumption will show the effects of the falling birth rate and aging of the population more quickly than is widely thought.
There are about 2 million people in each year of the Baby Boom generation. Now fewer than 1.1 million babies are born each year. This year some 1.5 to 1.6 million people will graduate from college and enter the adult workforce. Some 1.2 million will enter elementary and junior-high schools. The drop from the Baby Boom generation is already 400,000 to 500,000, so demand will fall by that amount. In addition, the Baby Boomers will start to eat less, buy fewer clothes. It’s called “slow demand.” The number of people at the height of consumption of food and clothing will fall. So unless you supply goods with particularly high added value, there will be no force that can drive the Japanese economy.
In that sense, the economy has reached another plateau this year. To emerge from that plateau domestic consumption would have to increase to compensate for the fall in exports. I am, therefore, uncertain about Japanese economic growth this year.
The Key Word for the World Economy this Year is “Interest Rate”
The US has been able to continue inflation-free growth through the manipulation of interest rates. It has been able to maintain fiscal deficits and current account deficits because Japanese money, Chinese Money and oil money has flowed into the US. The US Federal Reserve Bank has been raising short-term interest rates, and it is continuing to do so, to the point where the difference between long- and short-term rates has disappeared and there is no longer any room to raise short-term rates. Residential real estate prices are peaking, the domestic economy is losing steam and starting a downturn, which constrains raising interest rates. At the same time, Japan is also raising interest rates. The gap between interest rates in Japan and the US will narrow, and the merits of investing in the US will diminish.
There is now a 3 percent gap between Japanese and US interest rates on 10-year government bonds. Over 10 years, that represents a 30 percent difference. As a result, even many individuals are investing in the US right now. The same is true of China and Oil Money. The US has used that money to control inflation, keep long-term interest rates low, and maintain growth. In short, the American people are spending more than they earn. There is a negative savings rate, meaning that Americans spend more than they earn. Since real estate prices are rising, people borrow against their property. They spend that money. Real estate prices continue to rise, so they are able to borrow more. Then they spend that money. But this is only possible because money from the three sources continues to pour into the US. What happens when the flow stops? The dollar falls. The yen, or the Chinese yuan, rises.
The question is whether this situation will develop before or after the midterm elections in the US this coming fall. The strength of the US economy this year will likely depend on interest rates. For Japan as well, this year will be the year of the interest rate. This is true for Europe as well. In fact, “interest rate” is the key word for the world economy this year. What moves will the Federal Reserve Bank make? How will Japan modify its easy money policy? These things may well determine what happens with the world economy.
No one can really predict the percentage of economic growth. That’s always been the case. At the end of last year, people were saying that things didn’t look good for Japan. But there was robust growth, and everyone was able to greet the New Year with smiles. Historically, when 99 out of 100 people are bullish, they’re usually wrong. I’m not saying it’s best to bet against the market, but I see black clouds here and there in the blue skies.
I have mentioned, interest rates, the problem of domestic consumption, and the fall in the savings rate. China has begun complaining about excess inventories. Take steel, for example, China has stocks equivalent to an entire year of Japanese domestic demand for steel. But this cloud doesn’t appear in the statistics, so everyone is still bullish. I just have the sense that this is rather strange.
The Gaps Are Widening
Sekai: Since the beginning of the year, despite the growing economy, there’s been a lot of talk about polarization and rising inequality in the economy.
Niwa: Asahi Shimbun reported on January 20, 2006 that the Gini coefficient that expresses income inequality stands at 0.314 for Japan, while the world average is 0.309 (OECD statistics). According to a survey by Japan’s Ministry of Health, Labor, and Welfare the figure was about 0.32 in 1980, but it had risen to around 0.38 in 2001, indicative of rising inequality. But the Cabinet Office was reported as arguing that, because of the nuclearization of the family and the increase in elderly-led households, household income has been dispersed; the statistics appear to show increased inequality, but the actual reality, it claims, has not changed.
There are problems with relying solely on the Gini coefficient to look at inequality, but for the Cabinet Office to put forward this interpretation and analysis is very much like a historian writing history to suit his own purposes. Let me offer a contrary interpretation. The Ministry of Finance compiles a statistical survey of Japanese corporations. What does this survey tell us about the earned income of company employees over the last decade? At small and medium businesses (those capitalized at under 100 million yen), employee earnings have fallen by 16 percent. At mid-sized companies (from 100 million to 1 billion yen capitalization), earned income fell 9 percent. At large companies (capitalized at over 1 billion yen), earned income rose 1 percent. The Cabinet Office can argue that the reality has changed despite the rise in the Gini coefficient, but how do they explain these figures from the Ministry of Finance? Small and medium corporations employ 70 percent of all company employees in Japan, and wages have fallen there by 16 percent. This shows that the gap between the rich and poor is growing.
Let’s look at the United States. According to 2003 Internal Revenue Service statistics, the top 1 percent of households accounted for 14.7 percent of total income. This figure has doubled over the last thirty years. The earned income of the top 0.01 percent of American households, about 13,000 households, is an average of $10.8 million, which is four times what it was thirty years ago.
In other words, the rich are getting richer and inequality is growing. It is now at one of the highest levels in American history. The highest was in 1928, the year before the Great Depression began, when the top 1 percent of households controlled 19 percent of income. Just eight months after declaring the era of “eternal prosperity for all,” the crash occurred. Income inequality began to contract after that, hitting bottom thirty years ago, after which it began to climb again until it reached the 14.7 percent level again.
Is Inequality Good for Japan?
Under capitalism and the market principle, the strong prey on the weak. As Max Weber said, capitalist society creates these ill effects, unless it is constrained by morality or religion. This is exactly what we see today. The reason is that in capitalist society, in competitive society, it is always the strong who make the rules. The poor, the NEETs (not in employment, education, or training), the freeters (temporary, part-time workers) never make the economic and political rules. Sohyo (the General Council of Trade Unions of Japan) and labor unions once represented the poor. But union membership rates have fallen, and the interests of the weak are no longer very well reflected in society. It’s the rich and the politicians who make the rules, and they won’t make rules on their own that weaken their position. The polarization of Japan will likely progress further. If capitalism continues on course, Japan will become more like the United States. We are already seeing the emergence here of the strong preying on the weak.
Will this actually make Japan stronger? What has sustained Japanese society until now has been the fact that the middle class received very substantial, generous compensation. On the average, Japanese were good workers who made products with few defects. Everyone shared a high level of technical skill, and it was people with a high level of comprehension and strong moral values who brought Japanese society to where it is today. But when Japan reaches American levels of inequality, will it be able to sustain that productive strength?
So, which path will Japan choose? Say, we go all out in pursuit of the principles of capitalism, which would be the same as the United States. While the wealthiest 1 percent controls an increasing share of income, wages and salaries don’t rise at all. Then places like Wal-Mart spread, with their “everyday low prices,” and the supermarkets that cater to the middle class fall into decline. People’s consumer activities and society begin to change. There’s a polarization into high and low, and products begin to change. The quality of university students and the quality of corporations will also split into high and low. 100-yen shops are booming these days, and now even national brand manufacturers have begun to sell products in those shops, dropping the quality from their higher priced goods. Shops that cater to lower-level society will proliferate, and the middle strata will decline.
In the end, what do we want Japan to be? And how will we regulate in order to achieve this? We’ve got to answer this question through the tax system, which is a means of redistributing income. Which path will Japan choose? This is another sense in which Japan is at a plateau. Japan has arrived at a plateau, and it must decide what to do about domestic consumption and decide which direction to turn the rudder of the nation. In this sense, the problem of polarization represents a major question that is pressing upon Japan as it sits on this plateau.
Niwa Uichiro has been chairman of Itochu Corporation since 2004. Born in 1939, he joined Itochu after graduating from Nagoya University. After nine years in New York, he became president of the company in 1998. His books include Hito wa Shigoto de Migakareru (People are Polished by Their Work). Niwa is also chairman of the Japan Association for the United Nations World Food Program.
John Junkerman is a writer and filmmaker working in Tokyo. His most recent films are "Power and Terror: Noam Chomsky In Our Times" and “Japan’s Peace Constitution.”
This is a slightly abbreviated version of an interview that appeared in the March issue of Sekai and is posted at Japan Focus on May 12, 2006.
We welcome your comments on this and all other articles. Please consider subscribing to our RSS feed, or following us via Twitter or Facebook.
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Back to articles
It starts with criminals stealing your personal details and using them to open bank accounts, get credit cards, take out loans, claim state benefits, even get a mortgage and obtain documents such as passports and driving licences in your name. And the worst thing is . . . YOU may be liable for whatever actions they take; this can ruin your credit rating and seriously damage your reputation.
Identity theft is now one of the fastest growing types of fraud in Europe. ‘Bin Raiding’, fraudsters rummaging through your rubbish, is the main source of information for identity fraudsters. Many victims of identity fraud do not discover their identity has been stolen until over a year later!
They are able to obtain your information in a number of different ways. Being aware of how thieves gather your personal information can help you to protect yourself.
- 'Bin Raiding’ – Rummaging through your rubbish
- Stealing personal items from your home e.g. passports
- Stealing your personal mail, ie bank statements and credit card information
- Computer hacking
- Completing a change or address form to redirect your post to a different address
YOUR IDENTITY IS PRECIOUS, LET’S PROTECT IT.
Rexel Shredders available from: www.theshreddersupermarket.com
Rexel is a leading brand within the ACCO Brands Corporation, an international office products company, leading the way with product solutions for the modern business, whether in the office, at home or on the move.
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Rock Fall in the Swiss Canton of Ticino: Leica GeoMoS Monitoring-System Saves Human Lives
7 June 2012
(Preonzo/Heerbrugg, 7 June 2012) – During the night of 14 May 300,000 m3 of rock broke off the Valegion mountain and crashed down 1,000 m to the valley floor in the Swiss canton of Ticino, near the village of Preonzo. Thanks in part to Leica Geosystems’ Deformation Monitoring solution GeoMoS local authorities were able to evacuate the valley’s industrial zone and to close the A2 highway and several cantonal roads at an early stage.
The Ticino community Preonzo between Biasca and Bellinzona in the canton Ticino/Switzerland has lived with rock falls for several years. Ten years ago, a huge rock mass slid into the valley. The Cantonal Forestry Office has been watching the danger zone since 1998, and has been relying on automatic monitoring systems from Leica Geosystems AG for the past two years. Cantonal geologist Giorgio Valenti says: "We have regularly experienced small movements over the years, especially in spring time. Since the end of April of this year, the movements measured have increased to several millimeters per hour, which made the safety measures necessary."
Smallest Movements Determined from Precise 3D Data
The automatic monitoring system has provided continuous information about every movement in the affected zone. Two years ago a Leica TM30 Monitoring Sensor was installed on a stable pillar below the slide area and connected to the Leica GeoMoS monitoring system. Since then the sensor has monitored 15 observation points located inside and outside the danger zone every hour, 24/7. The results are automatically forwarded to an FTP server in the Forestry Department and then analyzed by experts.
Michael Rutschmann, Product Manager at Leica Geosystems and technical consultant for this project, also has access to the data: "For years we have been able to track three-dimensional data with millimeter-accuracy in real-time, knowing when movements took place and in which direction. The responsible experts were able to analyze developments and trends, and combined this data with additional information. The complete measurement history is very valuable to the geologists’ further analysis.”
The experts were kept informed by SMS about the movements. As their speed continued to increase, it became clear that the rock would soon break off.
Geodetic Monitoring Systems Help Save Human Lives
Based on the analysis of Leica GeoMoS and extensometer data, the necessary safety measures could be initiated early. The industrial area at the foot of the mountain, which is important for the local economy in this region, could be evacuated in time. The police also closed cantonal roads and the highway. It could not be predicted if the mass would reach and damage the industrial zone when the one million ton load crashed down to the valley. So far no damage has been recorded, more detailed studies are yet to come.
Current Status and Future Measures
The 70 employees of the six companies in the industrial zone have resumed their work. But even after this event in Preonzo the Leica Geosystems monitoring system will continue to monitor the slope accurately to protect the people. "More observation points will be installed in an extended zone around the fracture area, which will be continuously monitored for their stability", said Michael Rutschmann.
Two years ago the community of Preonzo and the Forestry Office of the Canton Ticino (Sezione Forestale, Cantone Ticino) decided in favor of funding and commissioning an additional Leica Geosystems monitoring system to observe the area around the Valegion.
About Leica Geosystems Monitoring Solutions
Leica Geosystems Monitoring solutions combine geodetic, geotechnical, and meteorological sensors for reliable, precise data acquisition and secure data transmission with advanced processing, sophisticated analysis, and visual representation.
Using standard interfaces, open architectures, and scalable platforms, the solutions are customizable to meet individual requirements – for permanent or temporary installations, for single sites or monitoring networks. Modern technology makes installation easy and allows for reliable and state-of-the-art communication via mobile networks.
Leica Geosystems – when it has to be right
With close to 200 years of experience pioneering solutions to measure the world, Leica Geosystems products and services are trusted by professionals worldwide to help them capture, analyze, and present spatial information. Leica Geosystems is best known for its broad array of products that capture accurately, model quickly, analyze easily, and visualize and present spatial information.
Those who use Leica Geosystems products every day trust them for their dependability, the value they deliver, and the superior customer support. Based in Heerbrugg, Switzerland, Leica Geosystems is a global company with tens of thousands of customers supported by more than 3,500 employees in 28 countries and hundreds of partners located in more than 120 countries around the world. Leica Geosystems is part of the Hexagon, Sweden.
Director Marketing Communications
Leica Geosystems AG
Tel: +41 71 727 3131
|A Leica TM30 Monitoring Sensor monitors the danger zone on the slope. (Photo: Sezione Forestale Cantone Ticino) |
|On 15 May, 300,000 m3 of rock crashed down from the Valegion near Preonzo/Ticino. (Photo: Sezione Forestale Cantone Ticino) |
|The Automatic Deformation Monitoring software Leica GeoMoS continuously recorded data, which helped predict the time of the rock fall. (Photo: Sezione Forestale Cantone Ticino)|
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Wednesday, August 1, 2012
Safety Goes Hand in Glove with Mission
Safety is not an entity in and itself. Pilots need to develop a healthy perspective for safety, not think of it as an obstacle to mission accomplishment, but a means to mission accomplishment.
I’d like to highlight the links among management, standardization, training and safety. These items “go hand in glove with mission accomplishment and cannot be separated.” One could define management as “the process of acquiring priorities, allocation and using resources (people, money, material, facilities, information, time and processes) in an effective and efficient manner.”
We could also define safety as “the conservation of resources (human life and equipment) while accomplishing a mission or task.” These two statements form the basis for the same theme leaders should follow and calls for establishing requirements as necessary for the safety and conservation of aviation resources under their control. This will conserve manpower and material by reducing losses due to accidents.
The basic gist here is to accomplish the mission while conserving resources. We do this and prepare for this with training and standardization, or standardized training. Let’s look at some statements and definitions in training and standardization, and note the ties with management and safety.
Standardization can be defined as “The management principle which fosters the development and sustainment of a high state of proficiency and readiness among pilots and employees throughout an organization. Standardization is accomplished through the universal application of uniform practices and procedures.”
You may ask where or at what level this standardization or development of uniform practices begins. It starts with everyone at every level. Executing training using approved publications provides the basis for standardization. By following these guidelines, safety becomes a by-product of professionalism, and professionalism means complying with all set standards (directives, technical manuals, regulations, SOPs, training plans, and company policies). By the book, disciplined operations are mandatory. We must ensure the risk management process is incorporated into regulations, directions, SOPs, training plans, mission and task training.
We cannot forget about leadership, which we can define as “influencing others to accomplish a common goal.” Leaders must set these standards for safety, provide guidance for risk acceptance decisions and conduct training risk assessments. It can be deduced that safety is a result of product of proper management, training and standardization. Also, the purpose of standardization of training, along with standardization and training is to allow accomplishment of the mission (flying or other) while conserving resources. When the standards are not adhered to, leaders must take the appropriate action to expeditiously correct non-conformities with mandated standards—including work place deficiencies, and hazards—or accidents may occur.
Safety is a part of all operations and leaders, pilots and personnel and all levels must embrace safety as a principal element in all they do. Safety procedures represent a skill—a product of enforced standards and training. Safety in planning and operations is critical in any organization to preserve resources.
As an experienced military and civilian accident investigator, I can attest that a common thread runs through all of these terms—management, standardization, training, and safety. When they are not followed and practiced, unsafe acts occur that lead to accidents. This is why we ask ourselves in the safety business: “Why do pilots keep having the same accidents over and over?”
As a safety consultant, I have the opportunity to audit many operators aviation safety programs for trends, policies, command climate, leadership involvement, accident prevention programs, risk management practices, training, maintenance and standardization. Most of the companies and government agencies understand that management, standardization, training and safety go hand in glove with mission accomplishment and cannot be separated. These companies have a highly dedicated workforce and their employees feel they have “ownership of the company” and understand what they do or don’t do affect the success of their company.
I’ll further expand on this story in the September issue as I report from my trip to Robinson Helicopters in Torrance, Calif. I attended Robinson’s pilot safety course where I observed the company’s safety practices, toured the production plant, talked to pilots and employees, interviewed the leadership of the company and even had the opportunity fly the R66 and R22. Stay tuned and until then, Fly Safe!
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Online Master Degree Programs in Film & Television
Do you love going to the movies? Instead of just watching a film, do you think about the different camera angles used, the story line, scenes, and setting? If so, then you may be the next budding film maker, and you may be destined for film school. With a film school education you can become a film director or teach at a school of film.
You will also learn about the different formats for visual entertainment, such as full length feature films, documentaries, talk shows, and commercial advertisements, for example. Such things will prepare you for a future as a film director or film school professor.
Once you've made it through film school, you will hopefully have a portfolio of film projects that you will be able to show potential employers. A film portfolio can be essential in securing a lucrative film job.
Unfortunately no results were found for your search.
However... we found the following online programs that are closely related to your search:
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See Full Story
The technology and consumer electronics markets are awash with companies that seem to be barely meeting expectations or are, like Sony, Sun and Yahoo, on and off death watch. They aren't alone; the relatively new Obama administration seems to also be failing, and the latest State of the Union address wasn't particularly inspirational. Apple just reported incredibly high earnings and launched a product no one should want -- but it seems many do. This is because Apple has one skill these other entities lack: It knows how to get people excited and manage expectations.
The success is not just clever marketing. It is because the product does the same thing that it is marketed for. It is as if each group marketing, engineering, s/w, testing, worked off the same requirements word to word.
Let me give an example:
Zune has a feature to sync over the air. And it was advertised / marketed heavily as a differentiator to iPod. But the user manual recommends not to use it.
The lesson here is that for a new product define clear functions as requirement and not just a long list of features for sales/marketing staff.
If anyone watched the iPad keynote from SJ on Jan 27th would notice that they started out by defining some clear functions for the new "product/iPad" would do better than iPhone or MacBook.
I really enjoyed this article! I did not know that Steve Jobs had a marketing background...this certainly helps explain a lot of his successes. He is the master of knowing how to spark desire for a product you did not even know you wanted or needed. It is interesting because over the years, Mr. Jobs and his innovations have inspired the rest of the tech industry to create a myriad of their own. His technology forces changes in the way people conduct their everyday actions. For example, this iPad could have a strong influence on the way people take notes in class or conduct their online shopping, creating the need for new site layouts or software. The possiblities are endless!
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/PRNewswire/ -- Try Safety First (TSF) has invented new technology which promises a free solution to save lives, create jobs, improve education, reduce taxes, eliminate prison contraband, add $1.7 billion per year toward reducing the federal deficit and save the U.S. up to $450 billion each year.
Sounds sort of like a campaign promise and, in essence, it could be. Try Safety First (TSF) has developed a new set of wireless protocols for which they are seeking a congressional mandate. And various members of Congress have asked them for endorsement letters to show support for their technology. So if this applies to you, a respectful reply of an email, letter or phone call is being requested. A link to your congressman is provided below.
According to TSF, most people including many of our congressional leaders simply are not aware of the number or the magnitude of problems today's wireless technology presents. John Fischer, President and CEO of Try Safety First, says he usually begins by asking the following questions:
1. What piece of technology is the #1 smuggled prison contraband followed by heroin, cocaine and meth?
2. What piece of technology is the #1 cause of roadway accidents, the #1 killer of teens and, according to the World Health Organization, is costing the U.S. as much as three percent of its GDP?
3. What piece of technology is the #1 disruption in middle schools, high schools and colleges across the U.S.?
4. What piece of technology is the #1 cause of mistrials in court systems throughout the U.S.?
5. What piece of technology do terrorists use to detonate more than 60% of their IEDs?
Answer: the cell phone, but you already knew that. There is one simple solution to answer all of these problems and TSF claims to have it. That answer is to include in the operating system of each wireless device a standardized set of protocols expressly directing specific behavior whenever the phone is in a matching protocol limited range environment. In other words, the phone understands how to behave as such:
1. In a prison, the phone becomes disabled. Exception: guard is wearing matching protocol sensor disablement tag or in a common area where cell use is allowed.
2. In a vehicle, within one meter of the driver's seat, the texting and email features will be inhibited while allowing passengers' full use of their phones.
3. In a classroom, the teacher receives a remote classroom protocol switch which encourages use of the phone as a teaching tool, yet affords partial disablement when giving a quiz. All emergency 911 functionality remains intact along with two parental protocols.
4. In a courtroom or high security building, a judge/employer can silence all pedestrian phones and/or disable all juror phones. Again, all emergency 911 functionality remains intact.
5. In the line of fire, bomb experts can disable protocol enabled IEDs, making it increasingly more difficult for a terrorist to use a standard cell phone to detonate a roadside bomb.
When asked if TSF technology is just a tad bit too much government intrusion, Fischer responded emphatically NO. Use of a cell phone is not a right but a privilege, and we must respect it for everything that it is and realize we are not somehow magically immune to its dangers. The cell phone is much greater than a simple toy capable of doing some really cool things. Fischer believes the cell phone may be one of the greatest inventions ever known, but he says it was never envisioned to be smuggled contraband, facilitate massive cheating and disruption among students, cause an accident every 47 seconds or be a terrorist's best friend. Unfortunately, it has become the key ingredient in many disastrous recipes and we must not let good judgment be overtaken by our addiction to these cool gadgets. Fischer is certain the problems will only get worse unless we increase the functionality of our mobile devices to include a simple set of standard safety protocols.
Fischer is looking to start several grassroots efforts among various groups (parents, teachers, judges, prison officials, military personnel, homeland security and governors) to show support for these protocols. Anyone can write an email or make a phone call. Simply tell your congressional representative you support TSF safety protocol adoption. Your congressional representative link is: https://writerep.house.gov/writerep/welcome.shtml. Fischer is also requesting a copy of your endorsement be sent to email@example.com.
Community News You Can Use
Click to read MORE news:
Twitter: @gafrontpage & @TheGATable @HookedonHistory
Twitter: @artsacrossga, @softnblue, @RimbomboAAG
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United Way of Coffee County supports the Poison Control Center in Tennessee. They came and share information:
Many pills look exactly like candy.
Kid proof medicine lids are not kid proof.
Keep prescription drugs out of site and in a safe place from children.
Prevent PharmParties by keeping prescription drugs out of site and in a safe place from teens.
Many products (like parmesan chees and Comet) look just like harmful poisons when ingested.
Newly hatched poisonous snakes look just like worms to children.
Poisonous snakes found in Tennessee.
If bitten apply ice and go directly to emergency room.
Brown Recluse are on the loose.
24/7 on call with medical staff available
TENNESSEE POISON CENTER 1-800-222-1222
Way to go Tennessee!!!!
This special event and Anndee’s interview have been scheduled before Tiffany’s death. Bullying effects people of every age.
okay…. tomorrow I am taking a handful of 3-5 graders from our church to an event that I’m super excited about. Anndee was asked to talk about the facebook page my sister started for her called 1>1,000,000 Its a positive page that stands up against bullying. She was nervous she would forget what she wanted to say so we all of a sudden decided to just record it… and I made a video. I hope you all watch it!
p.s. Anndee wants to watch the numbers grow on awareness of bullying so please like and share her page. Thank you.
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We discussed FOR XML in a number of previous posts. SQL Server 2005 added a few enhancements to the FOR XML clause. One of the enhancements added in SQL Server 2005 is the PATH clause which helps to do a great deal of customization/control over the structure XML result being generated. Another keyword added to FOR XML in SQL Server 2005 is the TYPE directive that produces the result as XML data type.
I wrote a series of articles on FOR XML at www.sqlservercentral.com. You can find articles on AUTO and RAW here, PATH here and EXPLICIT here. In addition, I have added links to several FOR XML posts I wrote previously.
In this article, I have explained how to access the results of a FOR XML query from ADO.NET. SQL Server can stream the output of a FOR XML query. It means that SQL Server need not wait till the query execution completes, to start sending you the data. Instead, it will start sending you the data as a stream. As soon as a chunk of data is available, it is sent to you and SQL Server will continue to execute the query to fetch the rest of the data.
See that the query is still executing, and you started getting part of the XML result. The downside of this is that, if something goes wrong, say the query timed out, you will end up with an incomplete XML document.
SQL Server 2005 introduced TYPE directive that converts the results of a FOR XML query to a well-formed XML. When you use the TYPE directive, SQL Server will not stream the results. Instead, it will read all the needed data, create the result as XML data type which performs the necessary validations to make sure that the XML document is well formed. SQL Server will start sending you the data only after performing all these. This could add some overhead at the server side as well as some delay in getting the results at the client side.
Summary: Use the TYPE directive only if you really need it. By avoiding the TYPE directive you can get some performance benefits in most of the cases.
FOR XML Tutorials
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Chile's Economic Miracle: Free Trade Lessons
The chart above helps to document graphically what has accurately been described as the “Chile economic miracle.” Up until the early 1980s, when the first round of economic reforms (1974–1983) were starting to have a positive effect, Chile’s economic performance was among the weakest of the Latin American countries, with annual increases of real GDP per capita averaging only 0.76 percent from 1913 to 1983. Additional economic reforms in 1985 and 1990 that included trade liberalization supercharged Chile’s economy, and annual growth in per capita output since 1983 has averaged an impressive 4.2 percent per year.
Before the economic reforms, with only 0.76 percent annual growth, it took almost an entire century for living standards to double in Chile; living standards now double every 17 years with 4.2 percent real growth, and that’s a real economic miracle!
One major factor in Chile’s amazing economic success has been its active pursuit since the 1990s of becoming one of the world’s most open and free markets. To help overcome its natural handicap of being a small and remote country, Chile has become a world leader in free trade, demonstrated by its free trade agreements with more than 50 countries around the world, which give its consumers and companies access to more than half of the world’s customers and markets.
Read more here of my Enterprise Blog post More on Chile’s Economic Miracle: Free Trade Lessons for the U.S.?
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1. Highlight the intricate and beautiful details of nature in an unobtrusive manner
2. Examine the interconnections between humans and the environment throughout history
3. Recognize the power of evolution in the ongoing transformation of life
Movies about the minute and wonderfully simple details of an animal’s life, with unimposing styles, can bring out the essence of a creature’s life by following its activities. Often people will gain more interest in other creatures from simple observation, gathering their own opinions and forming their own questions. Such films nourish personal connections with nature and make people curious about the biological mechanisms that have given rise to the animals in front of them.
Stepping beyond observation, I want to create films that show the interconnectedness of human and natural history. I want to focus on the history in natural history and show, for example, that notions such as ‘native species’ can become arbitrary when looked at over longer periods of time. Humanity has at times served as an inadvertent, yet not necessarily harmful, ecological force and this can provide remarkable stories.
My most challenging goal is to show evolution’s fundamental role in shaping the natural world and the wonderfully simple process of natural selection. It is a topic of great controversy, and even its definition is often misunderstood. The lack of attention given to evolution at many levels of education has left much of the world empty-handed. As evolutionary biologist Theodosius Dobzhansky said, “Nothing in biology makes sense except in the light of evolution.” Film has a way of explaining issues that span large timescales in ways that text alone cannot.
I am always looking for new collaborations, so if you are interested in making science films please contact me.
Get in touch!
- Address: Currently located in Bozeman, Montana, USA.
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Recently in these pages I made the following claim: "A God of most radical grace must be a God of wrath—not the kind of wrath that burns against evildoers until they prove worthy of being loved, but the kind that resists evildoers because they are unconditionally loved" ("Washing away, washing up," Aug. 25-Sept. 1). A reader was puzzled. Instead of affirming God's wrath, redefining it and making God's own self the primary target of it, as I did in that text, he thought I should have uncompromisingly rejected all notions of God's wrath. He wrote, "The word wrath is an action word that represents a violent action imposed on another. . . . I believe at all costs we must try to develop a picture of God that does not encompass wrath. . . . It is more fruitful for us to have a tougher understanding of love, love that confronts and opposes without resorting to violence, but which has power to persuade and change others and the world."
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Paying bills can be a very frustrating task at some point. There have been situations where you have to stand in long queues to get your turn. This was the reason why bill desk was launched by IndiaIdeas.com Limited. Established in year 2000, it has been a decade since billdesk has been serving to consumers who were facing problems determining a good medium to pay your bills. New kind of technology billdesk payment gateway was used to escape the bounded procedures followed for payment.
An organized way and mannerism was proposed by bill desk using the most dominant medium of them all, which is Internet. Simple ways can be followed in an unambiguous environment to make life easier. Convenient methods adaptable to deliver best ways have been appreciated by common people as well as experts. Nowadays, online medium has been like a captivating arena connected with every other field. Day to day examples can be seen in needing the right kind of helpful mode. For example, you want to pay your electricity bill through traditional way. First, you need to analyze previous electricity bill and sort it out accordingly. You also need to keep in mind the deadline for respective payment. Finally, after getting everything sorted out and ready, you need to stand in queue and wait for your chance. When you reach counter, you realize that something or the other went wrong. May be you forgot your cheque book. All your efforts went in vain and still your payment is pending. Who is the defaulter in this case? Not you, not the deadline mentioned by providers but the system.
Similar kind of examples can be found in day to day life. Simplifying things in this sense was main objective of billdesk. Proficiently famous as one stop shop for your payment facilities, bill desk is famous for delivering service in the best way possible. Making payments at various places using a single portal is the basic idea behind billdesk payment gateway. Not only bill payments are looked after by this amazing technology but along with that, keeping track of your deadlines and due dates is also an added feature. With extended support from all bank portals, it creates a sense of soothing atmosphere when you talk about easing your work process.
Beginning payment mode requires you to facilitate collection services prior to payment. Connecting your services to your bank account will work well for your payment services. Simple modes of transaction are followed thereafter with every other payment section. Moreover close to your debit card or credit card, billdesk payment gateway induces an encrypted environment to keep your transfer safe and secure. Understanding your needs and concern, billdesk is the best service provider system for your payment processes.
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|Figure 3:Graffiti Wall with Ayatollah Khomeini and ‘Ali Shariati, 1981|
For over one hundred years, posters have acted as effective tools to disseminate various ideological messages during periods of revolution and war. Designed for mass distribution and aimed towards a large public audience, they embed social, political, and religious concerns that frequently are articulated through both text and image. Perhaps more so than at any other moment in recent history, posters served as powerful modalities for mobilization and communication during the Iranian Revolution of 1979 and the Iran-Iraq War (1980-88).
|Figure 1: Commemoration of Black Friday Massacre, ca. 1980|
The 1979 Iranian Revolution was in many respects the culmination of repeated attempts throughout the twentieth century to install a democratic government in Iran. However, the definitive overthrow of the monarchy began in earnest in October 1977 with the death of Ayatollah Khomeini’s son, Mostafa, rumored to have been assassinated by security services. The first round of anti-government protests began in the religious city of Qom and slowly spread throughout Iran. From the uprising’s earliest days, Iran’s Pahlavi monarch, Mohammad Reza Shah, attempted to stifle public dissent, which resulted in several civilian deaths.
Following the Shi’ite custom of commemorating the deceased forty days after their death, activists organized mourning ceremonies across the country in honor of the slain protesters. These public ceremonies became the loci from which further protests developed. Growing exponentially, the cycle of violence and lamentation threw Iran deeper into chaos, which, eventually, turned into a nationwide civilian uprising. Public sentiment continued to grow against the Pahlavi regime in August of 1978, when a fire was set that burned down the Cinema Rex in Tehran, killing over four hundred people trapped inside.
|Figure 2: The Shah’s Exile and Khomeini’s Return, 1979.|
Only a few weeks after this catastrophic event, the tide turned definitively against the government when, on September 8, 1978, government tanks and helicopters opened fire against thousands of protesters in Tehran, killing dozens. Known as Black Friday, the event was consecrated in revolutionary posters that depicted the bloody aftermath in the streets of Tehran while claiming the deceased as victims, martyrs, and pioneers of a just Islamic state (fig. 1). Black Friday was the pivotal event during the revolution and marked the beginning of the end of the Shah’s rule.
On January 16, 1979, Mohammad Reza Shah fled Iran, and on February 1, Khomeini returned from his exile in Iraq and Paris to be greeted by millions of cheering Iranians. Emerging as the clear leader within a power vacuum, Khomeini and his supporters worked quickly to consolidate power. Results from a referendum the next month declared the formal dissolution of the monarchy and the formation of the Islamic Republic of Iran. These swift changes were immediately celebrated in posters and other graphic media, as Iran’s printing presses were no longer controlled by the Pahlavi regime (fig. 2).
During the climactic period of civil unrest lasting from October 1977 to January 1979, protesters produced posters and pasted them on graffiti-scribbled walls. The resultant display of public dissent echoed the violence in the streets of revolutionary Iran. Several artists chose to recreate the chaotic urban landscape in their posters, which thus record the anti-imperial slogans and chants that were scribbled on walls, while also praising the chief ideologues of the revolution, including Ayatollah Khomeini and Ali Shariati (fig. 3).
Posters produced by the Islamic regime after 1979 reimagined the revolution as an ideologically Islamic one, even though it was a pluralistic uprising composed of both secular and religious groups.1 Shi‘ite Muslim rituals and symbolism, however, were key in sustaining revolutionary fervor. As a result, the artistic program of the newly formed Islamic Republic emphasized the Shi’ite aspects of the protests above all others in order to legitimize the newly formed government’s claims to spiritual authority and supremacy.
|Figure 4: The Corrupt Carter, 1979|
Another driving force during the revolutionary period was the demonization of both real and perceived enemies. The Pahlavi monarch was the main target of antagonistic protest chants, graffiti slogans, and leaflets distributed during the revolution. After the U.S. Embassy was stormed by a group of young Islamist radicals on November 4, 1979, however, attention also turned towards the United States (nicknamed “the Great Satan” in Iran). Together with the United Kingdom, the U.S. was seen as the real power behind the Pahlavi monarchy and was still resented by Iranians for the 1953 CIA-led coup d’état that overthrew the democratically elected prime minister Mohammad Mosaddeq.
|Figure 5: An Iranian Fist Punches Saddam Hussein, the Growling Mutt, ca. 1980|
The U.S. was characterized in Khomeini’s speeches and the Islamic Republic’s propaganda as a decadent and corrupt imperialist nation. By depicting the U.S. as the moral antithesis of the Islamic Republic, Khomeini and his supporters aimed to capitalize on the Iranians’ approval of the U.S. hostage crisis, while simultaneously galvanizing the populace to identify with the Islamic Republic and its mission.
Images produced at the height of anti-U.S. sentiment include, for example, postcards of a corrupt and grotesque President Carter, with ears locked shut and money shoved into his head and mouth. Such images served to vilify the American government and to underscore the moral decadence of capitalism (fig. 4).
The other recipient of post-revolutionary animosity was Saddam Hussein. Khomeini hoped to inspire other Islamic revolutions across the Middle East, including in Iraq, where Saddam Hussein’s Ba’athist regime ruled over the largely Shi’a population of Iraq with an iron fist. One poster of Saddam Hussein produced in Iran around 1980 shows him as a growling bulldog leashed in by the Soviet Union, the U.S., and Israel, to be defeated by the collective punch of the Iranian people’s striking fist (fig. 5). By depicting Saddam as merely an attack dog of foreign world powers, the poster insults him and diminishes the danger posed by the Iraqi leadership, while predicting its eventual destruction by the Islamic Republic.
In September 1980, Saddam Hussein, feeling threatened by the Islamic Republic’s attempts to incite the Iraqi Shi‘a majority to overthrow his leadership and seeking to take advantage of the revolutionary chaos in Iran, ordered the invasion of Iran. Thus began the eight-year Iran-Iraq War.
|Figure 6: The Martyr, ca. 1981|
Marked by chemical weapons and human-wave assaults, the Iran-Iraq War was one of the deadliest wars of the twentieth century. Facing the existential threat of the Iraqi invasion, the struggling and militarily weak Islamic Republic deployed an immense propaganda campaign in order to convince Iranians to fight on the war front. Young men enlisted in the army and paramilitary forces, resulting in an estimated million casualties on the Iranian side alone. The war was devastating, and hence it needed to be given greater symbolic meaning.
|Figure 7: Certitude of Belief, ca. 1981|
At this time, fighting for the Islamic Republic was conceived as a righteous reenactment of the Battle of Karbala. In 680 CE the Battle of Karbala resulted in the definitive sectarian split between Sunni and Shi’a Islam. In the wake of the succession crisis following the death of the Prophet Muhammad, the Umayyad ruler Yazid I sought to assassinate Husayn, the grandson of the Prophet Muhammad. Accompanied by his family and followers, Husayn fought Yazid on the plain of Karbala, where he was brutally murdered. For the Shi’ite community, Husayn’s death stands as the seminal act of martyrdom and the promise of salvation. As a prototype for self-sacrifice, Imam Husayn was the model to which Iranians aspired in their own modern-day Battle of Karbala.
Posters and other graphic media conflated the historical past with the present, as soldiers were repeatedly depicted as martyrs on the battlefield of Karbala. For instance, one poster entitled The Martyr depicts a blindfolded Iranian soldier being executed and thrust from this world into the next, where Imam Husayn and decapitated martyrs await him (fig. 6). The Islamic Republic thus successfully tapped into a larger Shi’a framework of salvation by verbally and visually presenting the Iran-Iraq War as a consecrated extension of the Battle of Karbala.2
Belief in the salvific reward of a martyrial death is deeply entrenched in Shi’ite culture, and Khomeini employed this religious worldview as a means of urging all Iranian men to fight—and die—for both their religion and their nation. The pictorial arts visualized and consecrated official rhetoric by providing images of the heavenly consummation of martyrs as they are venerated for their sacrifice on earth. The poster Certitude of Belief metaphorically depicts the threshold between a soldier’s death on the battlefield and a redemptive Shi‘a paradise (fig. 7). By encouraging Iranian citizens to die for their country, and by promising individuals spiritual salvation through martyrdom, the Islamic Republic successfully secured its own survival during the war years.
|Figure 8: These Are Our Heroes, 1980|
As the fighting raged on, all of Iranian society was urged to take part in the war effort. Posters played a vital role in mobilizing and consoling the Iranian people, including women and children. Iranian boys as young as twelve were recruited to join the Basij, volunteer paramilitary forces that fought alongside the national army. The Basij are most remembered for their human-wave assaults, in which young boys walked across the mine-ridden battlefields to clear them for military maneuvering. Within this deadly act of independence, defiance, and salvific frenzy was the very real desire of young Iranians to protect their homeland and families by any means necessary— including the sacrifice of both limbs and lives.
Artists commemorated the bravery of children in the war while also lamenting their tragic and untimely deaths. For instance, one poster, These Are Our Heroes, depicts a young boy preparing to join the battle; the grenades attached to his waist signal his eventual self- destruction in a human-wave assault, as his crying sister clutches the Qur’an (fig. 8). Graffiti writing on the wall behind the two figures exalts other boys as “leaders” who have already sacrificed themselves for the cause. The poster symbolizes a loss of innocence for the young generation, as well as for the nascent Islamic Republic itself.
|Figure 9: Heirs of Zaynab, 1980|
Women also were targets of wartime propaganda. The Islamic Republic encouraged women to follow Islamic models of femininity and humility. One archetype of Shi‘a female virtue is Fatimah, the daughter of the Prophet Muhammad. Venerated as a symbol of righteousness, patience, piety, and as the mother of the foremost Shi‘a martyr, Imam Husayn, Fatimah is exalted as a mother to all martyrs. For these reasons, cemeteries created for Iranian soldiers killed during the Iran-Iraq War are named in her honor.
Another woman exalted by the Islamic Republic is Zaynab, the granddaughter of the Prophet Muhammad and sister of Imam Husayn. She is remembered as courageous and resilient due to her legendary defiance of Yazid I after the massacre of her family at the Battle of Karbala. As an active and even combative female, her example inspired Iranian women during the Revolution. During the war, too, the Islamic Republic’s artistic programs broadcast the image of Zaynab as a woman in support of Shi’a male soldiers.
Warfront artist Nasser Palangi produced sketches of Iranian women during the early Iraqi invasion of the Iranian city of Khorramshahr. Titling one of his drawings The Heirs of Zaynab, Palangi makes clear the connection between the seventh-century heroine and the women of Khorramshahr, who fought in defense of the Iranian city (fig. 9). The Battle of Karbala was once again turned into a living paradigm through which female combatants likewise could emulate the heroes of Shi’ite sacred history.
|Figure 10: A Funeral for Hearts, ca. 1980|
The 1979 Iranian Revolution and the ensuing Iran- Iraq War produced an enormous amount of visual material, much of which still remains unexamined. Works produced during this period—which forever altered the balance of power, both regionally and globally—provide a glimpse into these indelible events and their impact on Iranians and recent history. Visual materials were an important tool of dissemination for a largely illiterate audience, and today they stand as a collective graphic memory of those traumatic years. One such graphic caveat, the highly evocative A Funeral for Hearts, survives as a visual reminder of the physical and emotional pain Iranians endured for over a decade, as a group of dying men carry their own hearts to the grave (fig. 10).
Visualizing these experiences of human trauma and suffering allows individuals to collectively remember, mourn, and safeguard their experiences within a shared historical memory. Iranian posters thus historicized events as they unfolded by commemorating the recent past, preserving the ever-changing present, and charting the unknown future.
History of Art
University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
1. For these reasons, Hamid Dabashi and Peter Chelkowski refer to it as an “Islamized,” rather than an “Islamic,” revolution in their Staging a Revolution: The Art of Persuasion in the Islamic Republic of Iran (New York: New York University Press, 1999), 22–28.
2. On this theme, see Christiane Gruber, “Media/ting Conflict: Iranian Posters from the Iran-Iraq War (1980–88),” in Crossing Cultures: Conflict, Migration, Con-vergence, Proceedings of the 32nd Congress of the International Committee of the History of Art, ed. Jaynie Anderson (Melbourne: Melbourne University, 2009), 685.
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Samochód Pancerny wzór 29
("armoured car 1929 pattern"), commonly known as Ursus
, was a Polish
interwar heavy armored car
. A handful of these vehicles saw combat during the Polish-German War of 1939
History and description
The car was designed in 1929 by Rudolf Gundlach
. The vehicle was based on the chassis
of the Ursus A 2-ton truck (Italian S.P.A.
25C modified by Ursus Mechanical Works in Warsaw
), the armored body was built by CWS, Warsaw. The initial armament consisted of the French
37 mm low velocity gun in the turret
front, 7.92 mm machine guns
in the turret left-rear and right-rear at 120 degrees to the gun (all operated by the commander), and another 7.92 mm MG in the hull rear (operated by the rear gunner). Although this arrangement helped to achieve good balance of the turret, it was awkward to use. In the mid-30s the right turret MG was removed. The car carried 96 rounds for the main gun and 4032 MG rounds in 16 252-round belts.
The vehicle was sufficiently armed and armored for late 1920s, but was underpowered, lacked all-wheel drive
(which led to poor off-road mobility) and had high silhouette. Because of these shortcomings, only between 10 and 13 cars were built.
Although obsolete by 1939, the car was still in service at the outbreak of the Second World War
. 8 vehicles were assigned to the 11th armoured battalion
of the Mazowiecka Cavalry Brigade
, Army Modlin
, as a reconnaissance unit. The vehicles acted well in combat, but... Read More
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Adversity is a great leveller. Just look at the way sovereign credit ratings in the developed and emerging world have been converging ever since the credit crisis erupted five years ago. JPMorgan has crunched a few numbers.
Few were surprised last week by S&P’s decision to cut the outlook on Britain’s AAA rating to negative. That gold-plated rating is becoming increasingly rare — according to JP Morgan, just 15 percent of global GDP now rates AAA with a stable outlook — a whopping comedown from 50 percent in 2007. Only 13 developed economies are now rated AAA, compared to 21 before the crisis. And only one, Australia, now has a higher rating (AAA) than in 2007 — 16 of its peers have suffered a total of 129 downgrades in this period. With 20 rich countries on negative outlook, more downgrades are likely.
Emerging sovereigns, on the other hand, have enjoyed 189 upgrades (43 percent of these were moves into investment grade). That has caused what JPM dubs “a traffic jam” in the triple B ratings area, with 20 percent of world GDP now rated at this level, compared to 8 percent in 2009.
To judge the scale of that re-rating, look at JP Morgan’s EMBI Global sovereign emerging debt index. The bank says 63 percent of the EMBIG now rates as investment grade — up from 2 percent in 1993 and around 40 percent in 2007. JPM writes:
The years 2011-2012 will be remembered for the deepening of the Eurozone crisis and a wave of sovereign ratings downgrades across the US, Europe and Japan…The gap between DM and EM sovereign ratings has narrowed, with a growing concentration of EM and DM in the triple-B rated bucket.
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- Contact Us
Walking and Cycling
Tired of driving and watching your money literally disappear into thin air? Why don’t you dust off your trainers or the seat of your bike and hit one of New Zealand’s best networks of shared paths!
Councils in our region have been working hard over the last few years to provide a healthier and more environmentally friendly way of getting from A to B. Considerable investment has gone into a network of paths, especially Nelson and Richmond, to provide you with another opportunity to get more active, more often.
- Richmond and Motueka Cycling and Walking options: CYCLE and WALK
- Marlborough Cycling and Walking options: CYCLE and WALK
In addition to this is Top of the South Maps. Tasman District Council and Nelson City Council have worked collaboratively to develop this online mapping system that at the click of a button will show you cycle routes, walking tracks and much more to help you get more active more often.
Active Transport Forum
Sport Tasman are active members of the Active Transport Forum which aims:
- To enhance intersectoral communication and coordination between active transport stakeholders
- To support positive action on regional cycling, walking and public transport issues
- To increase the knowledge base of active transport stakeholders
To visit the Active Transport Forum blog site please CLICK HERE. You will find presentations, minutes and topical issues around active transport in Nelson and Tasman.
If you would like to become involved with the Active Transport Forum please contact Margaret Parffitt at the Nelson City Council on 03 546 0390
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After decades of relegating staff and patients to the glare of artificial light, many hospitals now are aggressively pursuing daylighting strategies that have long been the accepted as the norm in Europe. A series of research studies over the past decade have underscored the link between daylight and increased productivity, reduced stress, and healthier environments. One study, for example, followed recovering patients with a view of a brick wall versus patients with a view to nature. Those with the natural views were discharged sooner and used less pain medication. Another study found that errors by medical staff also decreased under daylighting conditions.
Now daylight is being shed on one of healthcare’s most challenging areas—emergency departments. Emergency departments (EDs) are typically located on a grade accessible floor within the diagnostic and treatment block (D&T) of the hospital. The ambulance garage, the ED’s requirement for adjacency with diagnostic imaging, and the size of these two departments combine to deprive the ED of perimeter wall for daylighting. Even when treatment pods do have a perimeter wall, the headwall of the treatment bays effectively allows only clerestory or narrow view windows typically into ambulance drive aisles or patient/physician parking lots. Result: the intense use, high-stress ED is among the most daylight deprived care areas of the hospital.
After decades of criticism of the deep plan D&T, North American architects are starting to increase D&T daylighting, typically by introducing plan-enclosed courtyards along global circulation corridors and at the boundaries between departments. More skylighting is in evidence, as well, but few care areas within D&Ts have daylight and nature views from the caregiver’s primary workspace.
At Nanaimo Regional General Hospital (NRGH) in British Columbia a bold daylighting plan was inspired by the users’ desire for a place they would "want to come to on their days off." The 43,000-sq.-ft. expansion and renovation of the Emergency Department and Psychiatric Emergency Services is designed to provide daylighting and views of nature to virtually all patient care and staff work areas.
The design solution is anchored in a series of five small but highly visible, nature-filled courtyards embedded within each of four patient care zones—urgent-emergent, ambulatory, psychiatric evaluation, and psychiatric intensive care. A larger courtyard between the new ED and the existing building contains the storm water detention pond for roof water and is reserved for staff.
In the urgent-emergent medical unit, each of two 15-bay treatment pods is organized around a 20-ft. by 24-ft. landscaped courtyard. Care stations at either end of each courtyard allow caregivers clear visual and auditory access around and across the pod. The full-height glass walls around the courtyards are protected from the direct sun by automatic exterior blinds to ensure optimum daylight and views without glare or excessive heat gain. The necessary supply, soiled linen, and other utility rooms displaced by the courtyards are located between the two pods, a strategy that had almost no effect on travel distances for caregivers.
Aesthetics Soothe the Senses
The courtyards at the Nanaimo ED are filled with nature, and each one is unique. The12-ft.-high exposed wood and steel roof structure around each courtyard increases daylight penetration, improves the operation of the displacement ventilation system, and, of course, increases the nature quotient for both staff and patients.
A similar wood and steel structure is introduced in the main waiting area. A walk-under garden is suspended from the roof structure so that this often anxious space gets some greenery as well.
Cost Benefit Analysis Supports Design Guidance
One of the biggest challenges to increasing daylighting in healthcare facilities is the perception that it is more expensive. In the case of Nanaimo, a comprehensive cost/benefit analysis was conducted wherein the costs of building and maintaining the courtyards was balanced against data provided by hospital administrators on the costs of absenteeism, staff retention and recruitment, and medical error, as well as energy expenditures. The study showed that even applying a very conservative potential benefit of a 3 percent improvement in staff-related costs, the courtyards would pay for themselves in three to nine years, while providing the hospital an operational benefit for the life of the building.
And a reduction in energy costs can be reasonably anticipated. A recent Stantec study of acute care hospitals in two California climates found that increased daylighting with daylight controls reduced overall energy use by approximately 10 percent, with hybrid natural ventilation contributing another 10 percent. Although for many the primary motivation to increase daylighting is to achieve benefits for patients and staff—especially that of connection to the world via operable windows—energy and resiliency benefits should not be discounted.
To balance energy costs, careful use of daylight modeling must be a component of any design where extensive daylighting is used. These models help designers determine window placement, size and orientation, shading options, and how each variation will impact energy use at different times of the day and year based on a micro-climate analysis. With this data, window type, treatment, and controls can be introduced to provide the best comfort and energy outcomes.
Optimizing the Daylit Plan
Once the emergency department has been reconfigured to provide a great deal more daylight to both caregivers and patients, further strategies to explore include:
• Using opening windows to provide a more immediate connection to the outdoors
• Using automatic and intelligent operators on the windows to control air flow and exclude outdoor noise and poor quality air
• Using a hybrid natural/displacement ventilation system combined with radiant heating and cooling to reduce HVAC system energy
• Using daylight responsive lighting layouts and controls to reduce lighting energy
The small gardened courtyards at Nanaimo’s new ED will infuse the care areas around them with daylight and nature. Caregivers and patients will sense the first light of each new day and catch the glistening drops off leaves after a rainfall and the sparkle of snow on a winter branch. Many windows will open to the quiet swirl of sounds around the hospital, connecting staff and patients to nature and to their community. The Nanaimo ED project suggests that the humanizing effects of daylight and nature views can and should be brought all the way in to very core of care areas throughout the hospital.
Ray Pradinuk, MAIBC, LEED AP, is the leader for healthcare research and innovation at Stantec Architecture and a member of the Green Guide for Healthcare Steering Committee.
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|The American Presidency Project|
|• John Quincy Adams|
|December 26, 1826|
To the House of Representatives of the United States:
I transmit to the House of Representatives a report from the Secretary of State, with sundry documents, containing the information requested by two resolutions of the House of the 15th instant, relating to the proceedings of the congress of ministers which assembled last summer at Panama.
The occasion is taken to communicate at the same time two other dispatches, from the minister of the United States to the Mexican Confederation, one of which should have been communicated at the last session of Congress but that it was then accidentally mislaid, and the other having relation to the same subject.
JOHN QUINCY ADAMS.
DECEMBER 26, 1826.
|Citation: John Quincy Adams: "Special Message", December 26, 1826. Online by Gerhard Peters and John T. Woolley, The American Presidency Project. http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/?pid=66668.|
© 1999-2011 - Gerhard Peters - The American Presidency Project
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Gay members of the clergy within the Church of England are reportedly planning to defy the body’s call for celibacy among gay civil partners, according to recent reports in the Daily Telegraph.
It is reported that a number of clergy who are taking advantage of the new civil partnership laws with their partner have no intention of not having sex with their partner.
The response comes after bishops said gay clergy within the Church could hold civil partnerships with their partner but were not allowed to have sex once partnered. The Church of England allows heterosexual clergy to marry and have sex with their partner within marriage.
The bishops also said clergy should not give blessings to same-sex couples, as the Anglican community continues to stand separated on the issue of same-sex marriage.
Already, sections of the 70-million strong Anglican community are on the brink of separation over the blessing of lesbian and gay relationships in Canada and the appointment of a gay bishop in the US.
Conservative traditionalists say no national branches of the faith should recognize gay or lesbian people and instead reject homosexuality so as to keep in line with Biblical teachings.
According to the newspaper, several hundred gay clergy are planning to hold civil partnership ceremonies when the new laws come into force in December.
© 2005 GayWired.com, All Rights Reserved
Article provided by GayLinkContent.com. For more information, contact us at firstname.lastname@example.org.
Enjoyed this article? Add Pink News to your Facebook news feed
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2013 09 April Update
The new version (1.3) is now available!
This version (1.3) of the Barro-Lee data
set has made several changes to the earlier version (1.2). The changes affected
various countries in the sample, but they are not significant in magnitude for
The changes are:
- We have evaluated more carefully the accuracy of the forward-flow and backward- flow estimates of educational attainment for the total and female population in the age group, 15-19 and 20-24. We have made corrections to those estimates that showed unrealistic fluctuations over time, which are mainly due to measurement errors in school enrollment rates. The new estimates display a smoother trend in each category of educational attainment and average years of schooling among the younger cohorts than the previous estimates.
- We have checked the accuracy of the estimates of educational attainment among male population by age group, which are constructed from the estimates among total and female population by age group. We have made corrections to the estimates that showed unrealistic fluctuations over time.
- We have changed the backward extrapolation method. We continue to apply the backward extrapolation procedure to fill in missing data for each age group by using the attainment of the older age group from the succeeding period. But it turns out that the backward-flow extrapolated estimates for the age group below 65 years old are not often accurate if we use the attainment of the age group over 65 years old from the succeeding period as benchmark data when they are not from census. So, we decide not to use the backward extrapolation method for this case. Instead, we have estimated the attainment of the age group, 60-64 by using the group-average age-specific profile for the same age group constructed using the available data of the countries in advanced countries or developing countries, and then used the estimates as benchmark data for the backward extrapolation for the age group in the preceding period.
- We have used recently available UNESCO data of secondary and tertiary enrollment rates for 2010 to estimate missing attainment data. This has affected secondary and tertiary educational attainment among the population in the age group, 15-19 and 20-24.
2011 04 Sept. Update
The new version (1.2) is now available!
This version (1.2) improves on the earlier version (1.1) by incorporating recently available census observations and correcting inaccurate estimates of completion ratios.
- The new census data are now available through UNESCO and national statistical offices.
- The census data for the following countries are available through UNESCO: Canada, Fiji, Ghana, Guyana, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Maldives, Namibia, Papua New Guinea, Tonga and United Arab Emirates; while the census data for the following countries are available through their respective statistical offices: Macro SAR, Cote d'Ivoire, Guatemala, Italy, Russian Federation, Slovenia, Sri Lanka and United States.
- Some countries have extremely low or high county specific primary/secondary completion ratios. As these imply unusual trends in the completion ratios, we replaced them by the regional specific primary/secondary completion ratios. These countries include: Afghanistan, Algeria, Austria, Botswana, Democratic Republic of the Congo (only F), Hungary, India, Malta, Myanmar, New Zealand, Portugal (only MF), Sierre Leone, United Kingdom and Zambia.
- A more detailed list of these revisions is available here.
- The version (1.2) released on September 2011 is available here.
The note on data sources and country-specific information is now available.
Revised version of the Barro-Lee Educational Attainment Dataset is now available!
- The differences in the estimates between this and the previous version are due to some errors in the previous version. These include some data entry, data expansion, completion estimation, and other minor estimation errors. There are only minor differences in the average years of schooling data series between this and the previous version. A more detailed list of these will be uploaded in this site soon.
- The version (1.1) released on July 2010 is available here.
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just me wrote:
See, I'm not finding that. Can you point me somewhere? I'm reading what I can find which is not much.
Ok, type in the URL "http://www.google.com" - type in the keyword 'epi-olmec culture'. Wow - 10 pages+ of results. Here is the first one: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epi-Olmec_culture
The Epi-Olmec culture was a cultural area in the central region of the present-day Mexican state of Veracruz, concentrated in the Papaloapan River basin, a culture that existed during the Late Formative period, from roughly 300 BCE to roughly 250 CE. Epi-Olmec was a successor culture to the Olmec, hence the prefix "epi-" or "post-". Although Epi-Olmec did not attain the far-reaching achievements of that earlier culture, it did realize, with its sophisticated calendrics and writing system, a level of cultural complexity unknown to the Olmecs.
You can't be serious that you couldn't find that.
Nothing in these screams "Nephite" to me. What about it says "Nephite" to you?
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In the wake of the release of the U.S. military's own figures showing a record number of bombs were dropped by U.S. warplanes in Afghanistan during April, newspapers are reporting today on a particularly deadly bombing attack on Monday that killed over 100 civilians, according to Afghan officials and witnesses.
Anonymous U.S. military officials of course vigorously denied that they were responsible, instead blaming the deaths on Taliban grenades. As one anonymous offiical put it in an interview with the Washington Post, "the Taliban went to a concerted effort to make it look like the U.S. airstrikes caused this;" however the Post noted that "The official did not offer evidence to support the claim, and could not say what had caused the deaths."
If the more than 100 dead are confirmed, the New York Times notes, Monday's bombing "will almost certainly be the worst in terms of civilian deaths since the American intervention began in 2001."
Yet the fact of the U.S.-authored civilian deaths themselves is not what the Times found to be the most newsworthy aspect of the story, as expressed by the headline it chose for its front page story about the attack: "Civilian Deaths Imperil Support for Afghan War"
To the Times, as well as to the Washington Post and the Wall Street Journal, there is clearly a far more significant cost to this deadly U.S. attack than the reported killing of a hundred Afghans. As the Times remarked, "Civilian deaths â┚¬” more than 2,000 Afghans were killed last year alone, the United Nations says â┚¬” have been a decisive factor in souring many Afghans on the war." And, as the Washington Post noted, "The allegations came at a particularly sensitive time for the U.S. military and the Obama administration, which is pushing more than 21,000 additional American troops into the country and shifting strategy."
And the Wall Street Journal's headline took the prize for callousness: "Claim of Afghan Civilian Deaths Clouds U.S. Talks."
One has to wonder about the values of a press where U.S. taxpayer-funded slaughter of civilians elicits journalists' concern not about victims, but about the war's popularity with the population having record numbers of bombs dropped on them and how that might hamper U.S. strategic goals.
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Rome was expanding and taking over the Mediterranean basin. With these conquests, new problems arose for the Roman Republic. As the leaders tried to adjust to the expanded Republic, they also found themselves faced with problems rising up within the government. Men began to seek reforms that were both beneficial for the Republic, certain factions of people, and ultimately for themselves. The result was blood on the Senate’s hands. The death of reformers was deemed necessary for the survival of the Republic and the self-interest of the oligarchy.
The oligarchy could not handle the new issues. They had never seen anything like the vast need for land reform, which ultimately shaped the Roman military, and the desire of so many to be considered Roman citizens. Growing pains began to be felt. Each member of the oligarchy was searching for a solution where everyone won, especially them.
It was hard for the oligarchy as they had found themselves changing from within. They were linked through blood and marriage ties and had, historically, been tight. After the Second Punic War, “its formerly strong corporate sense had been overtaken by the ambitions of individuals and factional groups.” Self-interest began to take center stage as the two families of Scipiones and Claudii sought power. The result was drastic actions toward anyone deemed to be acting in a manner that would diminish any power of the oligarchy. Two men, in positions of Roman authority, tried to enact reforms that ultimately led the oligarchy to murder them and their supporters. The end of the Republic was underway.
Tiberius Sempronius Gracchus and Gaius Gracchus were brothers who saw a chance to make reforms that would ease the pain from the new Roman acquisitions and advance their own careers. Between the two of them, they proposed reforms that would benefit the military and the economic status of the Republic. Each reform was met with resistance.
There were huge tracts of land that were confiscated after the Punic Wars that became public land. Over the years, the land was taken over illegally and farmed. Tiberius saw the public lands as a way to resolve the Roman military and land crisis. By giving this land to the landless, it would “enhance the body of manpower available for legionary recruitment.” This was because the military recruitment was based on the economic worth of a family. Those that fell under the minimum value did not have to serve the Republic.
When Gaius rose up as tribune, he sought reforms that also found opposition. His grain distribution law was aimed at fixing the grain at reasonable prices. In addition to this, he proposed citizenship changes that would give “full citizenship to half citizens and half citizenship to non-citizens.” Gaius established the minimum military age and tried to further his brother’s land distribution proposal.
All of these reforms were opposed heavily within the oligarchy. The loudest protester regarding the land redistribution was M. Octavius who felt that it was not fair to those that were farming the land and were using it as dowries and part of their property passed on in their wills. Trouble rose its head when Tiberius by-passed the Senate and went straight to the Assembly to get the land redistribution bill passed. Protests rose even further at this action. Tiberius was manipulating the situation for his own benefit. The bill would win him many supporters and weaken the authority of the Senate. This was the very first time that someone of the oligarchy used “popular discontent to further his own career.” His goal might have been reform, but it resulted in undermining the government. When Octavius objected, Tiberius used his power to remove Octavius from office. The bill was practically shoved through.
The oligarchy saw the actions of the Gracchi brothers as a group “attempting to manoeuvre itself into a position where, by ‘stealing’ its opponents’ clientage and controlling an arm of government, it could control Rome in a quasi-regal fashion.” Fear rose up in the oligarchy as they saw the move toward a kingship. For many, the organization of the Republic was to prevent one person or family ruling over them. The interest of individuals was rising up above that of the Republic.
The brothers were considered manipulative and in the process of creating a base for their rise in power along with their supporters. The feelings of their opponents were so great that they attacked Tiberius and close to 300 of his followers. The chief priest, Scipio Nasica, claimed to have killed Tiberius himself because he felt justified with Tiberius wanting to become king. When Gaius found the same passionate opposition, he formed a bodyguard but still found his death on Aventine hill. Thousands would die in an attempt to protect the state.
These murderous acts changed Rome forever. Everyone was out for themselves. The oligarchy declared that all their actions were to protect the Republic, and good arguments could be made to support this. Yet, all those actions also served to protect their own positions and status of power. What was done to save the Republic was what brought the Republic down and opened it up to the very regal rule that was feared. Self-interest and protection of the state became entwined and undistinguishable. In the end, the Senate acted in its own self-interest under the guise of protecting Rome.
- Mackay, Christopher S. Ancient Rome: A Military and Political History. New York: Cambridge, 2007.
- Shotter, David. The Fall of the Roman Republic. London: Routledge, 1994.
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64 U.S. 312
23 How. 312
16 L.Ed. 462
THE UNITED STATES, APPELLANTS,
December Term, 1859
THIS was an appeal from the District Court of the United States for the northern district of California.
It was a claim for an island in the Sacramento river, in California.
The case is stated in the opinion of the court.
It was argued by Mr. Black (Attorney General) and Mr. Stanton for the United States, and by Mr. Benham for the appellee.
The arguments upon the merits of the case generally need not be stated, as the decision of the court turned upon a single point, which was treated by Mr. Benham thus:
The land was not occupied, but it was situated in a very remote quarter of the country, in the midst of hostile Indians. This rendered settlement impossible for several years after the date of the grant, and until political disturbances arose, which prevented the grantee from occupying it up to the change of flags.
In regard to this point, the case is stronger than Fremont's. Elwell's inability to make a diseno at the time the petition was presented was stated as in that case, and, as the evidence discloses it, for the same reasons. Here its preliminary production was dispensed with, as in that case, and the conditions usually imposed were not inserted in the grant. Yet, in the Fremont case, where the conditions were imposed, the court expressed themselves as being encouraged in holding him excused for his default, because the Mexican Governor had dispensed with the diseno, for the reasons urged.
There could not, however, be default in this case, for no time was fixed for performance.
Arredondo's Case, 6 Peters S. C. R., 745.
The presumption of abandonment cannot arise.
There was no denouncement, and the right was unimpaired at date of cession. Denouncement was necessary to divest the grant.
Mr. Justice CAMPBELL delivered the opinion of the court.
Robert Elwell, in a petition to Governor Alvarado, that bears date in 1841, represents that he had resided in the country sixteen years, was married to one of the natives, and had a numerous family, and had been employed in commercial business; that his capital had been impaired, and he had been reduced to enlist as a private soldier in the militia, and had served in the year 1838, under the command of the Governor, in the south, and had received no compensation. He solicits of the Governor, as a generous recompense to his subordinate, and also with a view to promote the progress of agriculture, to confer upon him a concession of a parcel of land situated in the northern frontier, and forming an island in the Sacramento river, eighteen leagues from the establishment of Don Aug. Sutter, containing five square leagues.
The Governor, in March, 1841, 'in consideration of the services and merits specified,' grants the land asked for, the claimant to abide the reports, as to whether the land is vacant, with whatever else that is proper, and that he shall furnish the diseno, in order to commence the expediente.
Two days before the claim was presented to the board of commissioners in 1852, Elwell conveyed his claim to the appellee. He (Elwell) was examined as a witness, and testifies that he had presented a diseno some three months after he had exhibited his petition; that there was no information or formal report made to the Governor, and that he had never occupied the land or had judicial pessession delivered to him; that there was no officer to perform these duties.
There is some testimony to show that Noe had a tenant on the land in 1851, who inhabited a small house, and that the whole region of the Sacramento above Sutter's fort was not in a situation to be occupied, owing to the dangerous character of the Indians.
The board of commissioners rejected this claim; but, on appeal, their sentence was reversed by the District Court, and the claim confirmed to the entire island, provided it did not contain more than eleven leagues. From this decree cross-appeals have been prosecuted to this court.
As an inducement to the allowance of his petition, the applicant refers to the services he had rendered to the Governor in a military campaign; but the consideration of the grant is the proposed improvement of the Department, by the settlement and occupation of its waste lands. The authority of the Governor to make the grant is derived from the laws that provide for that object.
The decree of the Governor indicates that the title was to be perfected in the usual manner; and, consequently, that it was to be subject to the conditions of colonization. An interval of eleven years elapsed from the date of this decree till the presentation of the claim to the board of commissioners in 1852. During this time, the applicant took no step towards the completion of his title, or the fulfilment of the obligations it imposed. There is no expediente in the archives to show the segregation of this island from the public domain, nor report to the Departmental Assembly or the Supreme Government to testify that a citizen had been enlisted, 'to give impulse to the progress of agriculture in the country.' There was no delivery of judicial possession, nor any other assertion of right, by which the inhabitants could be charged with notice of this claim. A great change has taken place in the condition of the country; and other persons have assumed to settle and improve the land, which the applicant failed to do.
It is a general principle of equity, to grant a decree of specific performance only in cases where there is a mutuality of obligation, and when the remedy is mutual, and that it will not be rendered in favor of one who has been guilty of an unreasonable delay in fulfilling his part of the engagement, or who has slept for a lengthened period on his rights, and comes forward at last, when circumstances have changed in his favor, to enforce a stale demand. And it would be manifestly unjust to revive long antecedent covenants and dormant engagements in California, since the change in the condition and circumstances of that country, where it is evident that they were treated as abandoned, and imposing no obligation previously to that change.
The only explanation for the laches of the applicant is found in the testimony of the witnesses Castro and Combs, who say: 'The whole of the region of country of the Sacramento above Sutter's fort, or New Helvetia, was not in a situation to be settled upon by individual grantees, owing to the hostilities of the Indians;' 'that the Indians were numerous and hostile.'
But this fact existed at the date of the decree in 1841, and will account for the abandonment of the purpose, that the applicant seems to have entertained at one time, of making a settlement. It is hardly probable that he could have anticipated the revolution that took place long afterwards in the condition of the country, and was then preparing to avail himself of the advantage to be derived from it.
In the United States v. Kinsgbury, 12 Pet., 476, the claimant sought to excuse the non-performance of the condition, because 'the country was in a disturbed and dangerous state, from the date of the grant, and for a long time previous, till the transfer of the province.' The court say: 'All the witnesses concur in stating there was no more danger after the appellee petitioned for the land than there had been before and at the date of the application. The appellee, then, cannot be permitted to urge as an excuse in fact or in law, for not complying with his undertaking, a danger which applies as forcibly to repudiate the sincerity of his intention' to improve the land when he petitioned, as it does 'his inability from such danger to execute it afterwards.' The court say: 'That concessions of land upon condition have been repeatedly confirmed by the court, and it will apply the principles of its adjudications to all cases of a like kind. It will, as it has done, liberally construe the performance of conditions precedent or subsequent in such grants. It has not nor will it apply, in the construction of such conditions in such cases, the rules of the common law. But this court cannot say a condition wholly unperformed, without strong proof of sufficient cause to prevent it, does not defeat all right of property in land, under such a decree as the appellee in this case makes the foundation of his claim.'
In De Vilemont v. United States, 13 How., 261, the court say: 'The only consideration on which such a title could be founded was inhabitation and cultivation, either by De Vilemont himself or his tenants; and having done nothing of the kind, he had no right to a title; nor can the excuse be heard, that he was prevented from a compliance with the conditions by the hostility of the Indians, as he took his concession subject to that risk.'
In the cases of the United States v. Fremont, 17 How., 560, and United States v. Redding, 18 How., 1, the court have considered the effect of the conditions usually accompanying the grants to land in California, and how far their fulfilment is to be exacted in determining the validity of those claims. The court say, in the first case, 'there is nothing in the language of the conditions, taking them altogether, nor in their evident object and policy, which would justify the court in declaring the lands forfeited to the Government, where no other person sought to appropriate them, and their performance had not been unreasonably delayed.'
In the latter case, it is shown that the grantee displayed good faith and reasonable diligence to perform the conditions annexed to his grant; and all presumptions of an abandonment of his claim were repelled by affirmative and satisfactory proof.
But, in the present instance, we find nothing to have been done to place the claim of the applicant upon the records of the Department; and the duty of a colonist was wholly disregarded. Within the doctrine of the cases we have cited, the claim must be treated as one abandoned prior to the date of the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, and is not entitled to confirmation.
Decree of the District Court reversed; cause remanded; petition to be dismissed.
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Sabbar Kashur, an Israeli man, has been sentenced to 18 months in jail for having consensual sex with a woman who was presumably fine with the encounter until she discovered that he was not Jewish, as he had claimed, but Arab. She charged “rape by deceit” and on Monday the court agreed. In this clip at Al Jazeera, the commentator asks if the case would have come to the courts had Kashur been Jewish and the woman Muslim or if the man had lied about being Italian but was actually French.
And what are the implications of the precedent set by this ruling? What if Kashur were married and said he was single? Or had AIDS and didn’t use a condom? Or what if the woman had said she were using birth control but wasn’t and got pregnant? Or maybe the man was black but was passing as white? In other words, what exactly is rape and does basing the definition of “consensual sex” on honesty of both parties (say, “I’ll marry you and love you til the end of time”) protect women or make them more vulnerable?
(h/t Adam H. Becker)
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Seattle (sēătˈəl) [key], city (1990 pop. 516,259), seat of King co., W Wash., built on seven hills, between Elliott Bay of Puget Sound and Lake Washington; inc. 1869. Seattle, the largest city in the Pacific Northwest, is the region's commercial, financial, transportation, and industrial hub and a major port of entry, important in both East Asian and Alaskan trade. A center of aircraft manufacturing and shipbuilding since World War II, the city is a major center for the Boeing Company, which employs a significant number of residents, as does the Microsoft Corp. in nearby Redmond. There are also major electronics, banking, insurance, biomedical, food-processing, and lumber industries. Steel, textiles, clothing, metal and glass products, and beer are among the products manufactured in the city, which has an international airport.
Settled in 1851–52, Seattle remained a small lumber town until the coming of the Great Northern Railway in 1893. Despite strikes, anti-Chinese riots, and a fire in 1889, growth was rapid. The city became a boomtown with the 1897 Alaska gold rush and developed into the nation's chief link with Alaska. It grew further with the Alaska-Yukon-Pacific Exposition (1909), the opening of the Panama Canal (1914), and the completion (1917) of a canal and locks making the city both a saltwater and a freshwater port. Aiding its industrial growth was the presence of coal in the area and the development of hydroelectric power. Long a center of radical labor movements, Seattle was the scene of a major general strike (1919) led by the Industrial Workers of the World. During the 1960s, Seattle's port expanded enormously; it now has numerous major terminals, a 600-boat commercial fishing terminal, and a huge marina for private boats. In 2001 an earthquake did significant damage to the city, mainly in the historic Pioneer Square area.
Situated between the majestic Cascade and Olympic mountain ranges, with Mt. Rainier to the southeast and Mt. Baker to the northeast, Seattle is not far from many national and state parks and recreation areas. The city is a cultural center with numerous museums and art galleries, including a Frank Gehry–designed rock music museum; a variety of theater and musical organizations; and an arboretum, a zoo, and the Central Library (2004, by Rem Koolhaas). Its symphony orchestra plays in Benaroya Hall (1998) and its opera and ballet in McCaw Hall (2003). The city's professional sports teams include the Mariners (American League baseball) and Seahawks (National Football League). It is the seat of the Univ. of Washington, Seattle Univ., and Seattle Pacific Univ. Seattle was the site of the 1962 world's fair. That fair's symbol—a 600-ft (183-m) Space Needle—is a skyline landmark. Also remaining from the fair are the Pacific Science Center and a cultural and recreational park; the first publicly operated U.S. monorail connects the park with the downtown.
See R. Sale, Seattle, Past to Present (1976); M. C. Morgan, Skid Road: An Informal Portrait of Seattle (rev. ed. 1982).
The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Copyright © 2012, Columbia University Press. All rights reserved.
See more Encyclopedia articles on: U.S. Political Geography
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British lady in red dress watches with disdain the British surrender to General George Washington at the 225th Anniversary of the Victory at Yorktown, a reenactment of the siege of Yorktown, where General George Washington commanded 17,600 American troops and French Comte de Rochambeau lead 5500 French troops, together defeating General Lord Cornwallis, who surrendered his arms on October 19, 1781, ending the Revolutionary War, thus making the 13 Colonies the United States of America, an indepen
Credit: Visions of America
1599-5968-N-X999Image availability not guaranteed until image has been licensed.
SuperStock is a stock image provider with over a thousand photographers, artists, archives, museums and special collections from around the world.
SuperStock has images and illustrations that are licensed on a royalty-free, rights-managed, and subscription basis and are typically used in advertisements, annual reports, books, brochures, CD covers, greeting cards, posters, magazines, web sites and as wall art.
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In terms of credit card debt, the particular armed service won't waste time! Lively people previously set their particular lives on the cloths line to guard us all people thus adding their particular budget at risk also is not really an alternative. Becoming a part of virtually any branch of the particular armed service implies preserving your financial budget in balance along with your budget in order. Should you be inside the armed service, you happen to be placed to be able to specific economic constraints that will typically be around to you personally in the event that you where any civilian. This is certainly in order to avoid servicemen and ladies coming from slipping directly into problematic personal debt which could influence their own families and their capacity to execute their particular tasks for the fullest extent level. The particular Servicemembers City Comfort Work (SCRA) founded about January 20, the year 2003 from the You. H. Leader being a reword for the Military and also Mariners City Comfort Work regarding 1940. This specific work gives: 5. Defense against eviction when employees are usually having to pay under $1200 monthly inside hire as well as the to eliminate any lease contract if he or she end up being migrated for over ninety days. 5. Any 6% limit about charge card interest levels. 5. Defense against armed service husband and wife spending income taxes in a country in addition to that involving everlasting residency. 3. Usage of as well as greater a life insurance policy selections. Armed forces banking companies present cards along with funding for you to it is assistance associates using fewer than common percentage of interest to help support workers avoid debts. Funding along with cards taken away through the armed forces traditional bank, however, usually are not be subject to credit card debt relief courses. Finding a money advance as being a assistance participant is unattainable for you for the reason that percentage of interest in most of these funding go over the policies with the SCRA. Armed forces couples are generally incorporated into all these tips and will steer clear of undertaking in order to lead to even more debts inside vision with the armed forces. Associates with the armed forces with located them selves throughout unsalvageable economical conditions threat staying cleared intended for indebtedness. Armed forces workers can access economical consultants and will be mindful to hold their very own sequence involving command word well informed in terms of their very own economical reputation. In financial trouble workers could possibly have their very own safety measures expulsion shut down resulting from staying deemed securities threat. Lawbreaker task to fund bills, bribery with regards to the specific staying anxious for income, along with offering secrets and techniques and tools so as to get some good rapid dollars are generally factors behind annulment of your respective safety measures expulsion. Certainly not way too refer to the worries finding yourself in debts is able to use an email finder service participant, equally effective along with non-active work. Spotya can be a dependable origin for any pay day loan. Pay a visit to for additional information.
Website for that topic: short term loans online
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With the publication of this volume, East View Publications is proud to have established yet another watermark in the publishing of important Russian archival guidebooks in the post-Soviet era. This guidebook, or putevoditel', is the first ever to be published for an archive totally devoted to the conduct of Russian foreign policy, Imperial or Soviet. Traditionally one of the most closed areas for research, the history of Russian foreign policy is only now beginning to yield its fruits as scholars gain access to previously unavailable primary sources. Foreign policy and diplomacy in all states are highly sensitive areas, and the situation is no different in Russia. As an empire-state, the foreign policy and diplomacy of Imperial Russia naturally dealt with issues of war and peace, expansion and territorial acquisition, the conquering of other peoples, the changing of borders, religion and ideology, trade, and a host of other issues. Many of these issues retain urgency even at the twilight of the 20th century—one, two or even three centuries after the occurrence of events described in the holdings of this fantastic archive.
The Archive of the Foreign Policy of the Russian Empire holds over 500,000 documents in about 400 record groups, or fondy, primarily encompassing the years 1720 to 1917, with some documents dating from 1537. Researchers will find holdings covering Russia's Collegium (and later Ministry) of Foreign Affairs, Russian embassies and diplomatic activities abroad, as well as reports, secret communiques, diaries and other materials of Russian diplomats and foreign policy figures. Diplomatic historians for the first time will be able to uncover archival documents describing a panoply of events and processes: the creation and expansion of the Russian Empire in all directions; the clash with the British Empire and the "Great Game" for dominance in Central Asia; the Napoleonic Wars and the Congress of Vienna; relations with the growing United States of America; relations with Japan, China, Persia, Turkey and other eastern powers; relations with Germany, France, Britain and others in Europe; the emergence of Russia as a world industrial power; and the origins and conduct of World War I.
A number of people played critical roles in bringing this book to print. Greatest credit of all goes to Igor Vladimirovich Budnik, Director of the Archive of the Foreign Policy of the Russian Empire, for his willingness to work with an American publisher at a time when such cooperation—especially in areas of national security—is subject to increasing criticism from many quarters.
Others deserving of special credit include the Archive's Svetlana Turilova, who proofread the manuscript, and Mikhail Turbovskoi, who designed the book jacket. East View staffpersons in Moscow, including especially Lev Rozhanskii, guided all operational aspects of manuscript preparation and are deeply thanked by the Publisher. Cathy Porter and Genie Petrovits of East View's Minneapolis office helped get the book to press in the United States. Special thanks goes to Sergei Dmitriev of RAIS, who helped negotiate the publishing agreement in the first place.
The publication of this archival guidebook is part of East View's continuing effort to promote a greater culture of freedom of information in Russian society. We believe that access to important archival records is fundamental to the development and maintenance of the democratic process; political leaders and the institutions they run must be subject to thorough scrutiny. In the Soviet era secrecy and unaccountability reigned throughout, including especially in foreign policy and diplomacy. Russia of the 1990s has begun to turn this tide, although much remains to be done. We hope that this archival guidebook will urge forward the process of openness in Russian society, and wish the best to all historians and researchers as they enter the fascinating and largely uncharted waters of Imperial Russian foreign policy.
Kent D. Lee
Publisher and President
East View Publications
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Sponsored by Assemblywoman
in cooperation with the
New York State Library’s
The lazy days of summer are upon us. But lazy doesn’t have to mean we stop reading and learning. Reading books can be a fun, leisurely activity that doesn’t require having to spend any money! In addition, studies have shown that children who continue to read during the summer perform better in school in the fall.
Your local library is an excellent resource for reading material. To encourage our children to read more and become excited about reading, I am holding the Summer Reading Challenge, in cooperation with the New York State Library. Mark the enclosed calendar for each day in July and August that your child reads with you, someone else or alone. When there are 40 or more days marked off, your child has earned a New York State Assembly Excellence in Reading Certificate. Fill out the information form and return it, along with the calendar, to me. I’ll ensure that your child receives a certificate.
Thank you and happy reading!
Member of Assembly
Dragons, Dragons by Eric Carle
For Laughing Out Loud: Poems to Tickle Your Funnybone by Jack Prelutsky
Mice are Nice by Nancy Larrick
Something Big Has Been Here by Jack Prelutsky
My Name is Celia: The Life of Celia Cruz by Monica Brown. A bilingual narrative that follows young Celia Cruz’s life as she becomes a well-known singer in her homeland of Cuba, then moves to New York City and Miami where she charms everyone with her talent in singing salsa.
So You Want to be President? by Judith St. George. A fun book filled with inspiring facts about the United States Presidents that leaves kids believing that they can be whatever they aspire to be.
Snow Treasure by Marie McSwigan. An exciting and suspenseful tale about a group of Norwegian children who are assigned a daring adventure to remove their town’s gold from the local banks and hide it before the Germans steal it all during the German occupation in 1940.
Cricket in Times Square by George Selden. Chester the Cricket jumps into the picnic basket of unsuspecting New Yorkers who take him home with them. Chester then needs to learn how to adapt to his new city life, all the while mystifying the Big Apple with his unfamiliar chirping.
Crow Boy by Taro Yashima. This is the story of a shy mountain boy from a small Japanese village who is an outcast at his school, yet continues to leave his home at dawn and return at sunset in order to attend the school, and eventually gains acceptance through his numerous talents.
The Fortune Tellers by Lloyd Alexander. This is an original folktale set in Cameroon about a young man who visits and then becomes the village fortune-teller. It’s a story full of adventure and sly humor.
Peppe the Lamplighter by Elisa Bartone. Peppe and his family are immigrants living in Little Italy in lower Manhattan around 1900. The story follows Peppe as he gets a job as a lamplighter in order to help bring in income for his family and contribute to his community.
Abner Doubleday: Boy Baseball Pioneer by Montrew Dunham. This book recounts the life of Abner Doubleday, highlighting his enthusiasm and love of baseball and recognizes him as a heroic general who fought bravely in two wars.
Hatchet by Gary Paulsen. A story of survival, a young man named Brian must learn to live in the wilderness alone after he is the only survivor of a plane crash. Brian is only able to adapt to his surroundings when he stops pitying himself and understands that no one can help him but himself.
How to Eat Fried Worms by Thomas Rockwell. Billy may soon regret telling his friends that he could eat almost anything when the claim leads to a disgustingly delectable dare.
Jazmin’s Notebook by Nikki Grimes. Jazmin Shelby lets us into her life, which is filled with foster homes and makeshift living arrangements inside her sister’s apartment, by showing us glimpses of her notebook that is filled with observations of her neighborhood, family, and dreams in Harlem during the 1960s.
S.O.R. Losers by Avi. Cheer on the South Orange River (S.O.R.) School as the non-athletic members of the soccer team play against other schools, and their parents and teachers push them to preserve their winning streak.
Special thanks goes to the NYS Education Department’s Division
of Library Development and librarians across the state for their help.
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New Providence is home to the capital city of the Bahamas…Nassau.
New Providence has always provided one of the best natural harbors for small vessels in the Caribbean. This fact along with the island’s close proximity to the Florida Straight are the main reasons the island attracted hoardes of notorious pirate gangs in the late 1700′s. This is also why Nassau later became a British military outpost.
Nassau’s accessibility is also why most people who vacation in the Bahamas vacation in Nassau. There is an international airport there with daily direct flights to and from the United States, the UK, and the Caribbean. There is also a huge cruise ship dock that unloads passengers right onto the Bay Street shopping area. Add to that all the nearby attractions like Paradise Island Resort and Casino and several others, and you’ve got more than enough to keep you busy in this tropical paradise!
Over the centuries, our protected harbor, hidden among a tangle of islands poised between the Atlantic and Caribbean, and only a few hundred miles from the United States southern coast has sheltered religious dissenters, ship wreckers, pirates, freed slaves, blockade runners, rum smugglers and runaway lovers. Times are peaceful now, but we still cherish a tradition of people making their own rules under sunny skies.
Sites of Interest
View Blue Door Rentals in a larger map
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Sharp knives, teeth, and abrasives, rotating at high speed, characterize woodworking tools and machinery. These tools that cut and shape wood can do the same to the equipment operator. Guarding, warning, instructing, and using Personal Protective Equipment are the issues most often addressed in woodworking equipment injury investigations. The settings for these injuries include home, commercial, industrial, construction and school environments.
Wooden chair and furniture failures often result from undersized parts and/or poorly executed connections (joinery). Improper glue selection and application are sometimes contributors to collapses and the related injuries.
Injuries caused by chair collapses, joint failures, and structural failures are typical case types we have investigated.
Common Casework Includes:
- Table saw and hand-held (“Skil”) saw kickbacks
- Guarding issues
- Planer, molder, shaper, kickbacks and amputations
- Grinder and sander abrasions and nip-point injuries
- Analysis of warnings and safety instructions
- Jointer hand-cutter contacts
- Bandsaw lacerations and amputations
- Unexpected startup/unguarded controls
- Runaway drill and router incidents
Our analysis focuses on product defects, compliance with national consensus standards, OSHA regulations, Labor Law (New York State), and other relevant industry standards.
- Saw Kickback - Expert Outlines Fundamentals of Saw Safety
Hand-held circular saw (“skil saw”), table saw and miter saw hand injuries
are frequently caused by the same type of occurrence: Kickback. Kickback
occurs when the teeth of the saw blade, moving at tip speeds of 120 miles-per-hour
impart sufficient force to cause the workpiece to move in a violent and unexpected
View Full Mailer HERE
- Table Saw Injury – Expert Investigates Finger Tip Amputation
A worker suffered the partial amputation of a finger while moving the sliding bed of a large table saw used to cut foam panels for mattresses. The plaintiff’s finger became caught between the bottom surface of the sliding table bed and one of the stationary rails on which the bed of the table saw moved. The trapped finger tip was pinched and sheared off due to the sliding motion within the small space where the finger was caught. Robson Forensic was retained to determine if the sale, installation and arrangement of the machine created a dangerous or defective condition that was a cause of plaintiff’s injury.
View Full Case HERE
- Robson Forensic Brochure
Robson Forensic has been providing high quality and professional forensic engineering, architectural, scientific and
investigative services throughout the United States since 1987. Robson Forensic provides expertise in a broad range of forensic and technical disciplines.
View Full Mailer HERE
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Tobacco use produces significant health problems in teens, including an increase in the number and severity of respiratory illnesses, like asthma and bronchitis, and decreased physical fitness. Tobacco use also increases the risk for cancer, heart disease, stroke, emphysema and other health problems later in life. The first symptoms of nicotine dependence among 12- and 13-year-olds can appear within days to weeks after occasional use begins, often before the onset of daily smoking.
It is important to realize that kids are exposed to cigarettes from a very early age, so it's never too soon to start talking with them about the health dangers of smoking. Use any opportunity, such as movies that depict people smoking and tobacco-related situations you may see in your own neighborhood, to start the conversation about why it's important not to start smoking cigarettes or using other drugs. The following are a few tips to help your kids stay cigarette-free:
Remember: The most important thing is to continue anti-smoking, anti-drug use conversations as your child grows.
If your teen does start smoking, here are some tips to share to help her stop:
Suggest to your teen to do one of the following when he or she feels like smoking when trying to quit:
Sources: National Women's Health Report, American Lung Association, Tobacco-Free Kids, Partnership for a Drug-Free America and the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
Campaign for Tobacco-Free Kids
1400 Eye Street, NW, Suite 1200
Washington, DC 20005
Makes available fact sheets, research information and resources on how to help teens stop smoking, as well as prevent them from starting.
Office on Smoking and Health
National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion
U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
A division of the CDC, this office provides online and print resources on tobacco research and quitting tips.
Presented by the National Women's Health Resource Center, Inc.
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Home / Lifecycle / ObituariesRSS Feed
January 30th, 2004
Racine native Ida Schiewitz (nee Schwartz) died of natural causes in Milwaukee on Dec. 19. She was 87.
Her family moved from Racine to Milwaukee when she was a child and she graduated from North Division High School in 1934. She was a homemaker married to businessman-salesman Melvin Schiewitz for almost 50 years until his death in 1993.
After marrying in Milwaukee, the couple lived in Galesburg and Peoria, Ill., for some years before returning to Milwaukee in the mid-1960s. According to her daughter Ellen (Michael) Manes of Mequon, Ida worked in a sporting goods store in Galesburg, and she and her husband worked together in Milwaukee-area flea markets.
She and her husband were charter members of Congregation Shalom, Manes said. She was a participant in the JCC Senior Center, liked knitting, ceramics, crocheting and spending time with her family. Her true joy was being with her grandchildren.
She is also survived by daughter Dena Lucoff of Glendale; brother William (Dorothy) Schwartz of Madison; and four grandchildren.
Rabbi Ronald Shapiro officiated at the funeral on Dec. 22. Burial was in Mound Zion Cemetery.
Memorial contributions to Congregation Shalom would be appreciated by the family.
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While Henry VII’s reign is famous for two rebellions that had political ambitions – Lambert Simnel’s and Perkin Warbeck’s – his reign also experienced rebellions over a much more basic reason – money. The first of these rebellions was in Yorkshire and was in 1489.
In 1489 Henry VII made plans to assist Brittany in the region’s efforts to maintain its independence within the old historic France. In fact, within France, Brittany was the only area to have this status. Henry’s logic was simple – if Brittany maintained its independence but partly relied on England this, England was have a potential foothold and ally in France. In 1489, Parliament voted Henry £100,000 in his quest to support Brittany. However, this had to be raised via taxation and the tax caused resentment primarily as it was an early form of income tax whereas many other taxes prior to this could be paid in kind as opposed to cash. Only £27,000 was raised.
The tax was least welcome in Yorkshire. There was clearly the strong resentment about a Lancastrian monarch especially as a Yorkist one had been overthrown. But Yorkshire had been badly hit by a poor harvest and many in Yorkshire saw this tax as a tax too far. Another cause of angst was the fact that other northern counties were exempted from the tax because they were expected to use their finances to defend the country from the Scots.
Henry Percy, Earl of Northumberland, put the case of the people before the king. However, Henry was in a very difficult position. First, he believed that if he did not assert his authority so early into his reign, others would view him as a weak leader and take advantage of it. Second, Henry believed in the reason for which the money was being raised – supporting Brittany, which might assist England in the future. He refused to listen to Northumberland’s arguments and the Earl returned north with nothing. After informing the people in Yorkshire that the king would not bend, Northumberland was murdered almost certainly by those who were greatly angered by the news as opposed for any other more sinister reason. It probably did not help Northumberland that he was known to support the tax – presumably to maintain a positive relationship with Henry.
Sir John Egremont led the York rebels. The Earl of Surrey easily put down their rising and Egremont fled to Flanders. Henry in a conciliatory gesture travelled north and issued many pardons for those who were involved in the uprising. The new Earl of Northumberland was only a minor and the Earl of Surrey was made Lieutenant in the area governed by the murdered Earl. Surrey had no reason not to be loyal to Henry as his own social and political advance rested with the king. Henry faced no more problems in the north though he failed to collect the region’s tax quota for the Brittany campaign.
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Civilians can express their sentiments through demonstrations protest congregations and press conferences. But being Armed Forces personnel even delay or relent in complying with an order is an offense. You have no choice; you have to do or die and are not supposed to ask “why”?
The controversial war on terror which was joined by one of history’s most notorious despot and venal General without consensus of the nation spread anger and resentment in armed forces as well as across the nation.
The ironic curtain of Armed Forces never leak any news of its defamation. There were some of the patriots in PAF who never welcomed the NATO and US forces at the PAF Air Bases. Who could not help expressing their sentiments? They denied guarding alien aircraft. They become the forthright critics of Parvaiz Musharraf’s anti-Islamic and anti-Pakistan policies. They voted “No” in a referendum of 2002 considering it a way to save Pakistan’s ideology.
Such types of their actions infuriated the loyals of despots in Secret Services, and then what happened?
They were subjected to disappearances from their duty places by Special Investigation Branch (SIB). In habeas corpus, they faced humiliation brutal and barbaric torture and coercive interrogation tactics such as forced nudity, beating, flogging, sleep deprivation etc. by perverted torturers. One corporal Hashmat Kohat of Risalpur Airbase lost his life while suffering torture in PAF custody at AHQ Islamabad.
For obtaining confessional statements of uncommitted crimes they were brutally beaten into submission. They were told that their families were in custody of the Secret Agencies. They were threatened to cooperate and make a confessional statement as per direction, otherwise their wives would be raped. Finally after 130 days, driven by torture and pressure, they made confessional statements of the heinous crimes they never committed.
They were court-martialed by the biased prejudiced and military chauvinist PAF Officer’s Tribunal after 21 months of their disappearance. The trial was declared secret and proceedings were tampered in the name of confidentiality. No incriminating evidence or pertaining to the case was brought against them. All witnesses were “primed” as to who the detained and disappeared Airmen were, and their reinstatement to the duties were linked to the prosecution’s desired evidence. Some of them turned “hostile.” In reprisal of turning hostile, they were also court-martialed and sentenced.
Six airmen were framed-up with fake charges of the Jhanda Chichi bridge bomb blast of 14 Dec 2004. Their plaintiff was the then president and Army Chief. So these all described elements that resulted in a terrible miscarriage of justice, and they were finally awarded death punishment because “law goes as king pleases.”
From the whole procedure of court-martial in 2005 until now they have been manacled in shackles and bar-fetters. No one can imagine the tribulation of a condemned prisoner because what the eye does not see the heart does not grieve over.
Since their disappearance in 2004, they have been facing perpetual apprehensions, persecutions, torture and human rights abuses. They are deprived even from their basic and inalienable constitutional rights, in the name of security.
The doors of higher civil courts are closed for them because the Supreme Court, who rejected their appeal in a ruling in September 2006, said that the higher civil courts did not have the authority to hear appeals against the Court Martial’s verdicts. But, this ill treatment exists only for them on the behest of hidden elements. Captain Usman Ameer’s death sentence was revoked by Apex Court on the 22nd of May in 2008, which was awarded by FGCM earlier. Lt. Colonel Munir Ahmed Gul was acquitted and restored to duty by LHC on the 12th of January in 2009, who had been sentenced to two years RI by FGCM. Civilian Imran Munir was released by the Supreme Court in July of 2007, who had been sentenced to 8 years RI by FGCM. Civilian contractor Ghulam Abbas’s sentence was quashed by SC on the 8th of May in 2009. He was given twenty three years RI by PAF FGCM in the jet fuel corruption case. Is it not the paradox of judiciary?
Still, they are deprived of the copies of their trial proceedings. Is it not ironic, that some airmen, to be hanged, cannot even see their conviction proceedings?
Verdicts of civil courts including apex court, can be challenged, criticized, and blamed with biasing and prejudice. Their punishments can be termed as harsh, cruel, political and sometime called “judicial killing” such as in Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto’s case. But armed forces and their courts are “sacred cows.”
Unaware of Criminal Law, careless of the Constitution, Armed Forces Officers’ verdicts cannot be challenged. One should recall Army roll in Pakistan history. It means that wisdom of an Armed Forces Officer is more worthy than a full bench of Supreme Court Justices in criminal cases.
Was ZAB’s (Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto) crucifixion a “judicial killing?” A matter is going to be settled. ZAB’s trial was less prejudiced by military regime of General Zia-ul-Haq than the Airmen’s trial because courts and judges were civilians at least, and that was an open trial. But in the Airmen’s case the tribunal consisted of PAF Musharraf’s loyal Officers, the trial was “top secret” and the plaintiff was the then head of the state and military chief. ZAB cannot come back by the re-opening of his case, but twelve innocent lives can be saved by the re-opening of their case.
More than 200 PAF and Army personnel were subjected to disappearances in 2004. All were detained for more than 18 months without charges. They were all declared to be “high profile terrorists” and sent to civil high security jails designed and funded by the CIA, similar to Guantanamo Bay’s Camp X-Ray.
How ridiculous! These Airmen joined the Air Force in their teens, long before the “War on Terror.” Assuming the fact that they are “high profile terrorists” means that the Armed Forces are the massive producer of terrorists.
What do these oppressed, ill-fated and unlucky Airmen actually want? They want their case to be remitted for rehearing, in open court, before an impartial Tribunal of Supreme Court Justices. They seek legal redress for maltreatment, unjust and unfair conviction.
ZAB’s hanging case is going to be re-opened. For what? To prove his innocence. Will somebody dare to claim the hanging of Sepoy Islam Siddiqui, who was hanged in Multan Jail on the 20th of August 2005, without giving him right of any appeal a “military’s judicial killing?” (For details http://archives.dawn.com/archives/44282) and will someone raise the question why a Corporal Technician Hashmat was tortured to death?
By: Adnan Rashid
Ex Junior Technician of PAF
Pak No. 862476
A Court Martialed convict of
the first attempt on Musharraf’s life case.
And other convicts are:
Ex-Chief Technician Khalid Mehmood Pak/851866 Condemned Prisoner.
Ex-Senior Technician Karam Din Pak/ 854096 Lifer.
Ex-Corporal Tech Nawazish Pak/489906 Condemned prisoner.
Ex-Junior Tech Niaz Muhammad Pak/860186 Condemned prisoner
Ex-junior Tech Nasrullah Pak/865001 Lifer
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Gordon’s IN programs are not trips for globe surfers, smart phones in hand. Nor are they study tours alone, for academic learners observing the culture from the sidelines with syllabus in hand.
Gordon’s IN programs expect students to settle in for the long haul, patiently earning the respect of the host community through their behavior, their curiosity, their faith, their commitment to learn another language.
We expect our students to contribute something of themselves to the social, spiritual and cultural life of the host community, whether through a service-learning project or just by singing in the local church choir, babysitting for a local family or tutoring someone in English.LIVE LOCAL, BECOME GLOBAL
GORDON IN AIX-EN-PROVENCE
Aix-en-Provence lies just inland from the port of Marseille and the chic towns of the French Riviera. Today a major university town, Aix offers a subtle European mixture of tradition and modernity. But our students can look behind the façade of Aix’s elegant 18th century architecture to explore the multicultural pressures facing contemporary France, and to understand the challenges facing Christians in a largely post-Christian Europe.
GORDON IN BOSTON
The Gordon IN Boston semester invites students into a unique opportunity to engage the city as classroom. Through urban-themed courses the program examines questions of faith, diversity, sustainability and justice. The program enables students to join with vibrant communities of faith throughout the city Boston in service-learning (emphasis upon learning) as well as to gain practical experience in professional internships.
GORDON IN ORVIETO
Orvieto sits atop a mesa of volcanic tufa and commands spectacular vistas of the surrounding countryside in the green heart of Italy. Living and studying steps from one of Europe’s great cathedrals, students are invited into a living dialogue between past and present. Students and teachers together are drawn into slower rhythms of life, sustained conversation, learning in a collaborative workshop setting, and accepting the mutual accountability of a close-knit community.
BALKANS SEMESTER: INTERNATIONAL SEMESTER FOR THE STUDY OF WAR AND PEACE
The Balkans Semester creates an academically rigorous and spiritually stimulating environment for cross-cultural, humanities-based investigation into the themes of war, peace and reconciliation. Croatia, along with Serbia, Kosovo and Bosnia and Herzegovina serve as the backdrop for the exploration of these themes and for asking universal questions such as: What is the essence of peace? How can a society recovering from war hope to establish lasting peace? What is a Christian response to war? And how might we formulate a distinctively Christian understanding of reconciliation?
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Getting accepted to college is an achievement in itself, but a degree doesn’t automatically equal success in the long run.
According to data from the federal government ,the overall four-year graduation rate for 2012 was 31% for public colleges and 52% for private colleges, so students should take note they need to establish good habits to stay on track and keep debt to a minimum.
“Going to college is not the same as being successful in college and completing a college degree – it’s very important that students who ‘get in’ and ‘go’ have a very good idea from the start of what will be expected of them and what steps they will need to take to persist and complete,” says Lori Grandstaff, vice president of product management and operations at WiseChoice.
Here are six expert tips that rising freshmen and current college students can institute now to be successful throughout their college experience.
Tip 1: Know and use on-campus resources
Colleges offer extensive resources to help students succeed at academics, extracurricular activities and career growth.
By the end of their first semester, students should be familiar with three key campus places: the library, the academic support center, and the career services center.
“Find out what sort of resources are available and what kind of support is provided by real people,” says Sally Rubenstone, senior advisor at College Confidential.
“Reference librarians, writing counselors, and career advisors can be key players when it comes to turning a so-so college experience into a successful one.”
Tip 2: Create a system to establish priorities
Students accustomed to their structured high school experience may struggle to balance college’s new-found independence to juggle classes, study time and extracurricular activities.
Grandstaff suggest students—especially freshmen—set priorities and stick to a schedule to manage their workload, schedule and reduce stress.
“Talking about these competing roles and planning where to spend time/effort is important for college students, and the sooner these conversations [with parents, faculty advisors, peers, etc.]take place, the better equipped students will be for succeeding in all areas of their lives.”
Tip 3: Don’t just show up to class--get involved
Large lecture halls can be intimidating, but experts say students get a better grasp on the material and can potentially increase their GPA if they are actively engaged rather than just going through the motions.
Rubenstone recommends sitting at the front of the room or close to the professor to feel more present and to participate in discussions when possible.
“Don’t dominate discussions or speak out when you have nothing to add just because you think it will help your grade…but you’re more likely to feel engaged when you actually are engaged.”
Tip 4: Foster relationships with professors and TAs
A common misperception about college faculty members is that they don’t want to be bothered by students, but most professors encourage interaction outside of class, says Dr. Christopher Duncan, Wittenberg University Provost and Professor of Political Science
“A close mentoring relationship with a few select faculty members is one of the most important parts of a good college education,” he says.
Demonstrating dedication and persistence to professors and teaching assistants (TAs) can also help students excel in a particular course they’re struggling with, says Jeff Livingston, senior vice president of McGraw Hill’s College and Career Readiness Center.
“It is very important to do things like signing up for office hours with a professor, making sure that you have a relationship with your TA where if you have to call them with an emergency, the TA knows who you are.”
Tip 5: Build a portfolio
Students should pick classes and activities that will advance their knowledge and experience toward their career path that they can use on a resume or during an interview, suggests Tamryn Hennessy, Rasmussen College's National Director of Career Services.
“Save great pieces of your coursework or great project work that you might save as PDF to show how you work in team [or] an extensive research paper that shows your ability to think and write,” she says.
“These are pieces you could offer to future employer evidence of your soft skills--this is so important, as employers know they can’t train this.”
Tip 6: Look ahead now
Students who delay thinking about the future until they have their diploma in hand may regret lack of foresight during their time in school.
To avoid getting stuck in a post-graduation rut or becoming unemployed, Livingston suggests that students check in with their goals every few months to make sure they are still on track by asking themselves questions: where they will be living, where they will be working, and how they will support themselves three years after graduation.
“You’d be amazed at how often that internal conversation actually helps--if you force yourself to say I’m going to complete this statement, it forces you to begin to imagine what that future is and subconsciously starts to help you [achieve that].”
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By: Eddie Fletcher, Fletcher Sport Science Ltd 2007
A briefing note written by Sports Physiologist and Coach Eddie Fletcher
Accurate tools for assessing Psychological Stress, Physiological Workload and Recovery in Athletes
There are a number of factors which influence training and race performance, ranging from daily living (work and family), diet and hydration, cold, heat and humidity through to the lack of adequate rest and recovery. It is important to understand how stressful a normal training day is and to know the extent of overnight recovery.
The human heart is a wonderful barometer of the overall psychological stress and physical workload experienced by the body. The heart is a muscle, it gets tired and like any other muscle requires time to recover if optimum training and race performance is to be maintained.
The heart responds automatically and immediately to any increase or decrease in stress level. This heart rate response can be used to manage and mitigate the risk of over training, under recovery, illness or injury, to the body.
By monitoring the influence of psychological stress and physiological workload it is possible to use an analysis of heart rate to monitor overnight recovery and to moderate the duration and intensity of training to match the extent of recovery.
The consequences of getting it wrong should not be under estimated. Unless ‘listening to your heart’’ is normal practice deterioration in performance can occur almost unseen.
What are the benefits of measuring daily stress?
• Maximize recovery between training sessions
• Know how travelling, jetlag, high altitude and other stressors influence stress and recovery
• Learn how different daily routines enable and limit recovery
• Measure recovery between training sessions when training in high altitude
• Assess how travelling and jetlag influences recovery after a competition
• Check for social and psychological stressors that influence recovery
• Check athlete's daily routines for arrangements that could be done better to minimize stress during the day
• Interpret results together with athlete to detect stressors that influence recovery and to plan things that could be done differently in the future
• Repeat the daily stress recordings and observe how changes in daily routines influence stress and recovery
What are the benefits of measuring recovery?
• Detect early signs of overtraining or illness
• Optimize training load by finding the balance between training load and recovery
• Evidence based support for critical coaching decisions
• Record individual reference values e.g. during off-season when the body is recovered
• Check the recovery status during hard training periods
• Check recovery status when subjective feelings and fitness level indicates poor recovery
• Make sure that the body is recovered sufficiently before a new hard training period
How does it work?
Tracking daily stress and overnight recovery needs only one physiological signal – beat-by-beat heart rate data (the R-R interval). This measurement may be carried out during normal daily routines, whilst training and whilst sleeping. Although the data collection procedure is simple, the analysis methodology produces accurate recovery information.
Under resting conditions, healthy athletes show a periodic variation in the R-R interval. This rhythmic fluctuation is caused by breathing. Heart rate increases whilst breathing in and decreases when breathing out.
By accurately measuring the time interval between heartbeats (known as Heart Rate Variability HRV) it is possible to use the detected variation in time to measure the psychological and physiological stress and fatigue on the body. Generally speaking the more relaxed and free from fatigue the body is, the more variable the time between heartbeats. Increased Heart Rate Variability is linked to good health; decreased Heart Rate Variability is linked to stress or fatigue.
Heart Rate Variability also distributes as a function of Frequency.
Because of the characteristics of the increase (high frequency HF) and decrease (very low and low frequency LF) of the heart beat, changes in this frequency distribution can be used to monitor overall daily stress and overnight recovery.
Recovery is strongly associated with high frequency reactions and stress with low frequency reactions. These values are highly individual and the most sensitive markers for monitoring stress and recovery status. By looking at the difference from athlete specific baseline values the status of stress and recovery can be monitored and a
Recovery Index or Heart Rate Variability Index created.
The intensity of stress/recovery is calculated from the HF, LF, Respiration rate and HR.
How easy is it to collect the data?
Very easy, simply wear a Suunto t6 or Suunto Memory Belt during training sessions and overnight. The log is downloaded into Suunto Training manager software and Firstbeat SPORTS or Firstbeat PRO for detailed analysis.
What is a Recovery Index?
The Recovery Index is the relationship between the total duration of the Stress (low frequency) and Recovery (high frequency) reactions during an overnight measurement. The index is generally calculated from the first 4 hours of sleeping time as this time period is the most sensitive time for detecting recovery status. Average values provide information for both stress and recovery reactions during the selected time period indicating the relative strength of the reactions.
The intensity of the Stress/Recovery is calculated from the high and low Heart Rate Frequency mix, Respiration Rate and Heart Rate. The Recovery Index is represented by two numbers i.e. 60/100. The left number represents Stress reactions with the right number representing Recovery reactions.
Athletes need to measure their own individual baseline values at rest and compare subsequent values against the baseline figures.
What is a Heart Rate Variability Index?
Another useful tool for detecting recovery is the Heart Rate Variability Index
This is a single number and reflects the slowing down of the heart. The index can be used to detect recovery from an overnight recording. A high index figure represents increased recovery and a low value poor recovery.
During the day the value should be at least 15 but normally over 25. During the night the value should be at least 50 % higher (20-30) although athletes can have a value of several hundred (athlete above is 100 +). These limits are just guidelines; medication, heritage and training status also influence HRV level. Research indicates that these limits may be associated with burn-out.
As with the Recovery Index an individual baseline Heart Rate Variability Index value would need to be established for comparison purposes.
The ratio for this athlete is 42/100 and represents full recovery. For this athlete normal 100% recovery is 40-110
During a period of high stress for a different athlete a ratio of 117/74 represents under recovery. For this athlete normal 100% recovery range is 60-100
Tracking the Recovery Index
There are some endurance athletes whose heart rate level is so low during the night that despite the changes in HF and LF levels the night recording appears to show mainly recovery reactions.
The overall index may indicate 100% recovery when the underlying values show under recovery. It is important to get a reference level by measuring athlete specific baseline values in a rested state and comparing future results to the baseline figures.
In the example below note 100% recovery during the period 6/11/2007 to 18/11/2007.
Baseline resting values for this athlete 50 (stress)/115 (recovery)
By looking at the individual figures for stress and recovery the true extent of stress or recovery can be determined and compared against baseline level.
The intensity of the stress reactions
The intensity of the recovery reactions.
Normally when recovery increases, stress level decreases and vice versa. It will be noted that although the overall index shows 100% recovery for the 16/11/2007 the Recovery Index is approximately 85/100 which when compared against baseline 50/115.
Am I fully recovered?
More precise answers are obtainable with a long measurement history.
In this example the days when the athlete is recovered are marked on both the Stress and Recovery follow-up charts.
Am I tired but training can continue? Am I tired and must rest.
These are the too hardest questions to answer and this is where the experience of the athlete and coach in using the Recovery Index is important. When the goal is to train hard and upset the body’s homeostasis the stress level should increase and recovery decrease.
In the charts above the hard training period was 18/10/07 – 25/10/07 (8 days). Based on the rate of recovery (recovery occurred within two days - see Recovery index 27.10.07) the overreaching period was successful.
The chart below is another athlete training at high altitude 12/10-07 – 27/10/07. The last measurement was 25/10/07. The recovery level was below baseline value all the time and the athlete reported subjective feelings of “big fatigue”. This 15 days hard training period without any easy days may have been too long. Time to reach baseline values after the training period took 10 days (recovery occurred 07/11/07).
When will I know I can train again?
After ending the last hard training period, the recovery level should be measured daily to see when the baseline values are reached again. In the example above, the new training period could be started on 07/11/07 or later.
Measuring recovery is a vital component of any training programme if an athlete is to maintain optimum training and race performance. ‘Listening to your heart’ must become normal practice to avoid deterioration in performance, illness or injury.
Coaches and Athletes are referred to the following articles by Eddie Fletcher for more detailed information
Peak Performance Issues:
• 237 Heart rate variability – what is it and how can it be used to enhance athletic performance
• 246 Using HRV to optimize rest and recovery
• 253 Duration-intensity-recovery: a new training concept
Also see www.fletchersportscience.co.uk for further reference articles.
Eddie Fletcher can be contacted by email email@example.com
Note: Some sections of this briefing guide are based upon copyrighted materials owned by Firstbeat Technologies Ltd. They are reproduced with the permission.
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This week I happened upon a helpful podcast by the aRTs Roundtable at EdReach. The podcast shared websites, apps, and implementation tips to support art and music learning. The ‘aRTs Roundtable’ consists of elementary music educator Carol Broos, primary music teacher and district tech integrator Brenda Muench, elementary music teacher Jennifer Kolzee, and K-5 art teacher Tricia Fuglestad.
It was great to meet up with Tricia Fuglestad again. It’s been several years since I first “met” Tricia. I think that was at Teachertube, when Teachertube was very new, where Tticia had posted videos that caught my eye. Since then, we’ve connected a few times at other online venues, most recently on Twitter.
As I’ve written here before, art classes were invariably painful for me when I was in elementary school. Then in my early years as an elementary teacher, I was sometimes expected to “teach” art. My students were generally good sports about our “projects”, but they didn’t learn much art from me! Things would have been different if Tricia had been my art teacher, or if I’d had the resources she now shares online to help me in my efforts as an art teacher!
Fugleflicks is a collection of videos (currently totalling 153 hosted on Vimeo) that Tricia Fuglestad has created with her art students at Dryden Elementary School in Illinois. The videos present art concepts, techniques, tools, and much more. Fugleflicks is accompanied by an index wiki that is presented visually and that organizes the videos under helpful headings.
Fugleflicks are engaging to say the least, with liberal use of music, humour and infectious enthusiasm. The children in Mrs. Fuglestad’s art classes are clearly engaged, and they’re learning about art in the context of meaningful opportunities for creating and sharing it.
Tricia offers more than Fugleflicks on the Dryden Art website, so it is rewarding to explore the site. Tricia has embraced the iPad and the interactive white board as vehicles for learning and teaching; and she shares examples, along with valuable practical insights into uses of digital technologies in the elementary art classroom.
Here are a couple of sample Fugleflicks that illustrate the art that is being learned and some uses of digital technology in the elementary art classroom.
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The transformation of water into steam
This tool designed by Leonardo is used to measure the expansion and pressure of steam. The device consists of a container filled with cold water and covered by a lid balanced by a counterweight. When the fire is lit, the water evaporates and pushes on the lid. The whole phenomenon can be observed though an elastic and semitransparent window cut in the side of the container and made out of animal bladder.
Codex Leicester, sheet 10 r.
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Travel to Niger River – Lifeblood of Mali
The Niger River is the most important river in Mali. Thanks to its water-based activities and splendid surrounding regions, the river entertains a large number of visitors. From cruising to Timbuktu aboard a motorised pinasse to fishing with Bozo locals near Mopti, the Niger River is at the very heart of any visit to Mali.
The Niger River, which has its source in the massif of Fouta Djallon in Guinea, is the third longest river in Africa, flowing through Mali, Niger, and Nigeria. This great river stretches over 4,000 km in a great arc that extends northward from Guinea to Mali before turning back toward the south, and making its way through Niger and Nigeria to empty into the Gulf of Guinea.
Mali sits at the northern apex of the curve, where the river splits into a vast inland delta before reforming itself to return southward. The Niger is of vital importance in Mali, providing irrigation for agriculture and serving as a major transportation artery.
Visitors to the Niger River can visit some of the most important towns and villages on its banks. Among them there is Gao, Mopti, and Timbuktu.
The Niger River offers a magnificent and leisurely means of travel and touring. During the high water months, between August and November, large river boats ply the river, traversing more than half of the country over a period of six or seven days. Smaller and slower vessels also offer river passage, including pirogues, Mali’s small traditional canoes, and pinasses, slightly larger and motorised boats.
- Have an incomparable experience while floating through the Sahara Desert on the River Niger.
- Witness the beautiful landscape that surrounds the river.
- Explore mud houses on the central island at Lake Debo, a wide section of the Niger River.
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Let’s Celebrate the Official Start of Summer
Monday, June 18th, 2012
Summer 2012 begins officially on June 20th when the Earth catches up with the correct position in its orbit around the sun. This is when the sun is at the highest point in the sky all year. What can we see on these starry summer nights? There are plenty of planets including Mars and Saturn in the West and in the morning you will see Jupiter and Venus, since the recent transit brought Venus around to the morning sky. Also, find out how to tell the distance between those twinkling stars. The most distant object that can be seen with the naked eye is the Andromeda galaxy just 2.9 million light years away. All this and more on this week’s Sky Talk.
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When, despite your best efforts at keeping your job, it's not going to work out and resigning is the only option, what should you include in your resignation letter? What's the best way to let your company know you're moving on?
When writing a resignation letter, it's important to keep your letter simple, brief, and to the point - include just the facts and leave it at that.
It should also be positive, because once you have decided to resign, there's no point in criticizing the company - you may need a reference in the future and there isn't any point in burning bridges because you're leaving anyway.
Write a formal resignation letter, so it can be placed in your employment file. When you're not sure how to write a resignation letter, review sample resignation letters to get some ideas of what to say and how to say it.
If you're going to send an email resignation letter even though that's not really the best way to resign, here's how to notify your employer via email that you're turning in your resignation.
Here are guidelines for writing resignation letters and emails.
Image Copyright 3DStock
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