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Introducing the "Educating Harlem" Lecture Series
In collaboration with the Program in History and Education at Teachers College as well as the Center on History and Education, IUME is excited to announce its participation in the new "Educating Harlem" lecture series, which is part of a larger initiative to better explore the forces that shaped education in Harlem.
On March 27th, the first "Educating Harlem" lecture took place at Teachers College in front of a packed room in Russell Hall, where Dr. Martha Biondi -- Professor of Education at Northwestern University -- spoke about her research on youth revolutions at City College in the 1960s. Our next speaker will be Dr. Khalil Muhammad, who is currently the Director of the Schomburg Center for Research and Black Culture. For more information about the Education Harlem initiative, click here.
IUME Partners with the NCAA for the Final Four NCAA Youth Day
The NCAA Championships Community Programs and Youth Clinics, in partnership with YES Inc., and the Institute for Urban and Minority Education (IUME) at Teachers College, Columbia University will present "A Healthy Mind, Body, and Community" Youth Day Program to approximately 400 middle-school students during the 2013 Men's Final Four®
Basketball Youth Day program on Friday, April 5, 2013 in Atlanta.
The program will take place at the Georgia World Congress Center, and will provide students from the Fulton County School System with an opportunity to gain a stronger understanding of the benefits of community service and maintaining a healthy mind and body. To read the full Press Release, please click here.
Recapping "Beyond Bullying" Summit with IUME Director Morrell
On January 14th, 2013, at Teachers College, Columbia University, experts from all over the country gathered to discuss the issue of bullying in K-12 schools. In a one day national summit sponsored by IUME and education publisher Zaner-Bloser, much critical dialogue occurred in an effort to promote this important issue to the forefront of education. The event was a resounding success! In addition, IUME Director Dr. Ernest Morrell and Dr. Jodene Morrell, Director of IUME's Literacy Teachers Initiative (LTI), along with Teacher Fellows Rachael Cooper and Danielle Del Gatto, each presented their work and ideas for advancing students' literacy skills and creating positive school environments. (This is available for viewing on our YouTube channel.)
to read about this ground-breaking event via BeyondBullying.com and click here
to read the official recap via the TC Media Press Release.
Learn More About IUME's Literacy Teachers Initiative
Last year, IUME was excited to announce the launch of the Literacy Teachers Initiative (LTI), which partners with dynamic teachers from the community in an effort to collaboratively work toward finding increased pedagogical methods for students. LTI is led by Dr. Jodene Morrell of Teachers College and in partnership with Community School District 5 of the New York City Department of Education. The nine inaugural Teacher Fellows conducted their research and will present their findings this fall, and with the addition of three new Teachers Fellows, the program has successfully expanded in its second year.
Check out our LTI page
for more information and check out the biographies of the Teacher Fellows here
! (In addition, click here
for details of the fall presentations by the teachers.)
Learn More about the Youth Historians in Harlem Program!The Youth Historians in Harlem (YHH) project, sponsored by IUME, is a new critical approach to teaching history in urban schools in Harlem, focusing on empowering minority youth through their own cultural experiences, involving students in the practice of "doing" history through guided projects, programs, and participatory action research. YHH seeks to increase students' interest in history through innovative and engaging pedagogical approaches that help them become historians, researching the rich historical past of ‘their’ Harlem community. While YHIH seeks to advance the historical knowledge of education in Harlem, above all, our project seeks to make history relevant to urban students and help increase academic achievement. To learn more about this exciting project, visit the official website here.
Recapping the IUME Colloquia on "The Future of U.S. Latino/a Education"
The first IUME Colloquium of 2013 took place on February 8th, at the Gordon Campus in Harlem (at 12pm), here Doctoral student Catí de los Ríos and M.A. Candidate Cyndi Bendezu discussed their research. Their colloquium was collectively titled "The Future of U.S. Latino/a Secondary and Postsecondary Education: Transversing and Achieving in the K-12 Multi-Dimensional Borderlands and Undocumented Students Persisting in Higher Education." Specifically, Cati presented her most recent paper, "A Curriculum of the Borderlands: High School Chicana/o-Latina/o Studies as Sitios y Lenguas," while Cyndi presented her most recent work entitled "Undocumented Students Post-DACA: Supporting Undocumented Latina/o Students in Higher Education."
Click here for the original full details and click here for the video of the Colloquium on our YouTube channel.
IUME Partnering with the "I Have a Dream Foundation"
IUME is excited to share that we have partnered with the “I Have a Dream” Foundation - DeHostos Chapter in an effort to promote literacy, cultivate voice and increase agency among their urban and minority high school students. The "I Have a Dream Foundation" works to ensure that all children have the opportunity to pursue higher education--a goal that resemples our IUME mission of equity in education. Our partnership commenced earlier this year as we work with IHADF to strengthen the future of youth.
For more information about our partnership and to get involved, click here.
Now Accepting Proposals for the 4th Annual DiRP Conference!
IUME, in sponsorship with Teachers College's Black Student Network (BSN) is now seeking proposals for the 4th Annual Diversity in Research & Practice Conference (DiRP). DiRP seeks to influence the progression of diversity in education research and practice by assembling students, scholars, and community leaders concerned with critical issues in education. The 2013 conference theme “Changing the Game: Expanding Discourses in Research” is representative of the changing landscape in education research and practice.
to submit a proposal and contact the Black Student Network (BSN) here
for more information.
Getting Real III Public Videoconference Series Recap
This past fall over the span of 16 weeks, IUME partnered with the University of Wisconsin-Madison and New York University Hip-Hop Education Center to launch an innovative online seminar series called Getting Real III. Seminal scholars and leaders in the growing field of Hip-Hop studies focused their attention on how Hip-Hop culture, culturally relevant pedagogy and youth participatory action research can successfully be used to close the education gap in America's public schools.
This online public videoconference series was highly successful. The final four lectures were at Teachers College, and can be viewed in full HERE -- so check them out!
The TC speakers featured Professor Chris Emdin, Professor Ernest Morrell, Jen Johnson, and Sam Seidel with Dave "TC" Ellis. (Original lineup here.
Recapping the Final IUME Colloquia of 2012 on "Ill Literacies"
IUME's last Colloquia at the Gordon Campus was spearheaded by two dynamic scholars--Crystal Belle and Jamila Lyiscott--who are both Research Fellows at IUME and Ph.D. students in English Education. Both Crystal and Jamila, versed in spoken word and literacy experts in the making, discussed critical issues in literacy as it applies to democracy and freedom inside schools. We had a full house at the Gordon Campus, and it was a wonderful way to reflect on 2012 with critical discussion and passionate performances from both Crystal and Jamila.
The Colloquium is viewable in full on our YouTube channel
and also don't forget to view our photo gallery, too! (For original information and details, click here.
Recapping IUME 2011-2012 -- A Heartfelt Thank You!
Thank you everyone who made the 2012-2013 a wonderful year for IUME! We look forward to working with community and continuing our quest to pursuing community-oriented and student-centered educational research but involving the people in the middle of this work--the community and the students.
We have a lot of exciting and stimulating lectures, seminars, and events in the upcoming year, but, in the meantime, make sure to read our recap of the past year HERE.
In addition, click HERE
for a PDF document of all our major events this past year.
Subscribe to our IUME YouTube Channel!
Have you visited the official IUME YouTube page recently? Want to learn more about IUME? Make sure to stop by our YouTube page here
and watch a few of our videos and subscribe!. Not only do we keep a collection of IUME events and Colloquia, but our video team prepares short clips on critical research. The most recent Beyond Bullying presentation is now available, as is our December Colloquium and other great clips that should be shared!
In our increasingly digital and mutlimodal era, we believe strongly in collaborative educational content, so make sure to check back often and subscribe to your channel.
Event Details: Getting Real III Series: Mirror to My Thoughts, the Fifth Elements of Hip Hop
Type: Lectures & Talks
Location: Teachers College, Columbia University - HM 144
Date & Time: 9/17/2012, ,7:30 PM - ,9:30 PM
Contact: Martha Diaz
Contact's Affiliation: New York University
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5.9 - DOLORES RIVER BASIN
The Dolores and San Miguel Rivers originate in the Rico, La Plata, and San Juan Mountains of southwest Colorado. The Dolores River basin is about 95 miles long from northwest to southeast and encompasses an area of just over 5,300 square miles, including parts of Montezuma, Dolores, San Miguel, Montrose, and Mesa counties. The San Miguel River basin is tributary to the Dolores River, is 68 miles long, and encompasses about 1,600 square miles, including portions San Miguel and Montrose counties. The Dolores River basin falls within both Water Management Divisions 4 and 7. Less than 100 alluvial wells have been recorded with the State Engineer’s Office. The occurrence and distribution of alluvium along the Dolores and San Miguel Rivers is shown in yellow on Figure 5.9-1.
Both river basins overlie substantial portions of the Paradox Basin. Altitudes in the Dolores and San Miguel River basins range from about 14,200 feet near the Dolores River headwaters to 4,100 feet at their combined confluence with the Colorado River in Utah. Alluvial aquifers in the Dolores River basin are very limited in extent and are restricted to areas immediately adjacent to the main river channels. Within Division 7, most of the mapped alluvial deposits are located at, or upstream of, the town of Dolores. In Division 4, mapped alluvial deposits are localized around Gateway and in West Creek.
Although restricted in extent, the alluvium is an important aquifer to those people who utilize it for domestic, stock, and minor irrigation use. Population is sparse in the Dolores and San Miguel River basins, with the 2000 Census indicating that approximately 65,700 people live in the combined Dolores, San Miguel, Montezuma, and Montrose Counties.
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I took DS to school at 7 a.m. and walked him to the classroom. Another boy was ahead of us in the hallway, heading to the same classroom. When we arrived at the classroom, another student was already there. So that's three kids arriving at 7 a.m. to use the four available microscopes. A fourth kid showed up after we did.
The teacher saw DS and said, "Good morning." Then she saw me and said, "Can I help you?" I said, "Good morning. I'm (DS)'s mother, and I'm here to make sure he gets to do his experiment this morning." The teacher said, "Oh. Okay ..."
DS put his belongings down at a table with a microscope on it. He took a piece of paper out of his binder with the plan for his experiment and his data table. He approached the teacher and asked for salt. She said, "Salt? What kind of salt?" DS seemed confused. She then said, "Table salt?" DS said yes. She asked him why he wanted it. He explained that it was for the experiment. She asked to see his plan for the experiment. He got it from the table and read it to her. There was some back and forth between them about the nature of the experiment and DS's ideas about how it would work. She decided to give him the salt. This took about 10 minutes.
Getting out the salt involved opening a cabinet in the classroom, taking out a container, and giving DS a portion. He got the salt. The teacher had her back to me while she put some items back in the cabinet. I asked DS if he had what he needed. He said, yes, so I left without saying anything more.
Right now, his extra time before school has ended and he's now in his first period class. I'll have to wait until after school to find out whether he was able to do the whole experiment this morning.
I just want to say again how much I appreciate everyone's input on this. You guys are really great. Thank you.
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Your PC runs a bit slower
This is a false assertion. A firewall only blocks a few packets by inspecting a few bits from your incoming (or even less, outgoing) Internet traffic. The lists that the firewall must check are very small when compared to the heavy and very complex task that an antivirus has to do.
No, a firewall is completely invisible to you. The problems of performance on any PC (even the slowest outdated ones) do not come from the firewall. If you have internet speed problems, this most probably comes from incorrect performance settings in the TCP/IP protocol stack, or because of incorrectly written applications.
If your CPu is too much active and the temperature never goes down, with the fan constantly running, this does not come from the firewall but because of a bogous application that is leaking memory or waiting indefinitely in a loop for some software or hardware event that never comes, or because tou have too many unnecessary programs that are running in the background and started from boot, when most of these "idle" programs should preferably run only in a scheduled way in a task from the Windows Scheduler, or because your PC suffers from hevy fragmentation and there's a constant overhead when managing the NTFS filesystem, or when updating databases, or because you have an invasive program running trying to index everything you do with your local files.
Some programs can cause a huge CPU overhead, one of these is Adove/Macromedia Flash, that you should keep up-to-date. Make sure you update your graphics drivers, and be careful before using "tweakers" programs for graphics (if you have a notebook/netbook, avoid using these programs, they make things worse, and use the normal default settings for your graphics board, or use only settings that apply to specific games when they are running).
Avoid programs like icon tweakers, theme managers, use a basic background photo for your desktop. You may also close the Windows gadgets (they are really extremely slow and use too much memory and CPU resources !) : if you like gadgets, consider using Google Desktop instead.
Avoid using those many program updaters from various sources. You may be notified from software updates using a central tool that can trak lots of softwares at once (except Windows and Microsoft programs: keep them managed with Microsoft update).
But a firewall takes zero ressources and will definitely not make your PC slow. An antivirus can on the opposite be much slower (I have banned McAfee for this reason, and free antivirus can even do a better job, notably Avira, AVG, and Avast that I now recommend).
Don't use multiple antivirus running in the background! Choose only one. You may still use an online antivirus checker for your emails (that's why now I only use a webmail and have completely abandonned using Outlook or Fedora or Outlook Express : the antivirus is managed and updated by a professional team that also monitors various security sites for you).
You should know which programs are taking CPU time: open the Windows Task manager and make sure to display the full list of process (you'l get an UAC prompt for administrator privileges): you can sort the displayed list of processes by CPU time. Look also for fast growing counters for disk I/O, even when your PC is supposed to be idle : you can reduce this overhead using a disk/registry cleaner (such as CCleaner), and a basic defragmenter (other than the Windows builtin one), preferably running as an automated process (Defraggler can do this background maintenance job quite fast). And about once in a month use a good thorough defragmentation just after performing a maintenance cleanup of the filesystem (launch it when going to dinner or leave it running while you sleep or look at TV, just after rebooting the PC and then immediately performing all pending updates and using CCleaner to clean heavily fragmented temporary files or log files).
Never forget to revisit the list of programs constantly running at boot : do you still need them? Aren't there duplicate functionalities with several programs you no longer use and should better uninstall (with the additional benefit that you will no longer need to update it to avoid security issues). Do you need all these custom toolbars in your web browser ? Uninstall most of these extensions (choose only ONE of these toolbars, e.g. Yahoo! or Google, i.e. tools coming in a collection of tools sharing lots of common components instead of duplicating functionalities), don't just close or disable them.
But the best protection does not come from a firewall. A firewall in fact is very deceptive, and most hacks today are not caused by an absence of firewall, but by security exploits in the installed software that your firewall will connect to the Internet without condition.
If you need more performance, consider adding RAM (4GB is a minimum for Windows Seven, notably in its 64-bit version, so make sure, when you buy a PC, that you'll get the possibility of adding RAM. RAM is very cheap today, and it saves much more CPU performance than using any kind of "tweaking" tool which will take you personal time to use too often).
If you need security, the best you can do is to save time in the maintenance of your PC, so that you an react manually when it is really needed (a version scanner such as CNET update checker can inform you about which programs need updates, and can help you manage when you'll need to udpate them ; among them, the media players, Flash, and Windows programs have high priority); Office programs and Adobe Reader need to be updated only when you use them : it's not needed to update them more often than when you use these programs, as long as you don't let them run constantly on the background.
Disable as many active background tools as possible (instead, all programs that you are currently using contain now an "Help/About" menu that also allows to check for updates (only consider security updates, avoid upgrading when you dont need the extra features and have no time to evaluate them, even if the software starts with a nag screen saying that a new version is there for sale, ignore the "urgent" promotions).
Don't forget, sometimes, to use Checkdisk on your system disk (this requires rebooting) when you have some time to do that (it normally requries a few minutes: profit from your caf pause, or lunch time, or the morning time when you arrive and will go to a corporate monday meeting to let it run).
Finally, never leave your PC session open when going outside of your desk. You don't need to close the session, click on "change user" in the Windows menu, the maintenance tools will continue to run in the background, all you'll need will be to logon again to see the results. You should enable the automatic blicking of your active session in the screensaver settings (10 minutes of idle time is OK, but if you are frequently moving out or need to reply to various emergencies, you may reduce it). Make sure that your windows session is protected by a password at least, don't use automatic logon !
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P.E. & F. Inc., a St. Louis establishment, is recalling approximately 123 pounds of frozen, ready-to-eat meatballs due to possible contamination with Listeria monocytogenes, the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS) announced today.
The following products are subject to recall: 15-oz. packages of "Fazio's Meatballs"
Each package has a lot code of "041114," and bears the establishment number "EST. 13051" inside the USDA mark of inspection. The products were produced on April 11, 2013, and sold at retail locations in the St. Louis area.
The problem was discovered by FSIS routine sampling for Listeria monocytogenes. The company inadvertently did not hold the product pending test results. FSIS and the company have received no reports of illnesses associated with consumption of these products.
Consumers with questions about the recall should contact Nick Lamia at (314) 308-1530.
Consumption of food contaminated with Listeria monocytogenes can cause listeriosis, an uncommon but potentially fatal disease. Healthy people rarely contract listeriosis. However, listeriosis can cause high fever, severe headache, neck stiffness and nausea. Listeriosis can also cause miscarriages and stillbirths, as well as serious and sometimes fatal infections in those with weakened immune systems, such as infants, the elderly and persons with HIV infection or undergoing chemotherapy. Individuals concerned about an illness should contact a health care provider.
WASHINGTON, May 2, 2013 – Nestlé Pizza Company, a Little Chute, WI establishment, is recalling an undetermined amount of frozen pizzas that may be contaminated with extraneous materials and are the subject of a recall administered by the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS) and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), FSIS announced today.
The following products are subject to USDA recall:
• California Pizza Kitchen® Limited Edition Grilled Chicken with Cabernet Sauce, UPC 71921 00781; production code is 3059525952.
• DiGiorno® Crispy Flatbread Pizza Tuscan Style Chicken, UPC 71921 02663; production codes are 3057525922 and 3058525921.
Each product package above has an establishment number of P-5754.
In addition, the following products are subject to FDA recall:
• DiGiorno® pizzeria!™ Bianca/White Pizza, UPC 71921 91484; production code is 3068525951.
• California Pizza Kitchen (CPK) Crispy Thin Crust White®, UPC 71921 98745; production codes are 3062525951, 3062525952 and 3063525951.
The problem was discovered after the firm received consumer complaints that small fragments of plastic were found in the CPK Crispy Thin Crust White Pizza. The problem was related to the lot of spinach used in the production of three additional varieties of pizza subject to recall. There has been one consumer report of injury thus far (a chipped tooth) associated with consumption of these products. The fragments are of clear, brittle plastic, in irregular triangles, and may have sharp edges.
All the pizzas being recalled were produced between February 26 and March 9 of this year and shipped to retail establishments nationwide.
Consumers with questions about the recall should contact Nestlé USA Consumer Services at 800-456-4394 or firstname.lastname@example.org for further instructions. Hours of operation are Monday through Friday, from 8 a.m. to 8 p.m., E.T. and this Saturday, May 4 from Noon to 8 p.m. E.T.
A south city Schnucks grocery store has issued a voluntary recall for all ground sausage sold on a weekend.
The Hampton Village Schnucks issued the recall after a customer returned a package of ground sausage with pieces of the tray packaging pad inside.
The recall includes all fresh ground sausage purchased Sunday, April 28 with a "sell-by" date of May 2.
As a precaution, all fresh ground sausage was pulled from the shelves, the grinder cleaned, and newly ground sausage put out for sale.
Schnucks said this was an isolated incident and no other stores were affected. No injuries or illnesses were reported.
Customers with questions are encouraged to contact the Schnucks Consumer Affairs Department at 314-994-4400 or 800-264-4400.
A Schnucks location in Fairview Heights is recalling ground beef sold on Sunday.
The store, at 625 Lincoln Highway, says some black display paper was accidentally ground with the beef. The beef was sold between 9AM and 4:30 PM and has a sell by date of Monday, April 22.
Anyone who purchased the prepackaged beef can take it back to the store for a full refund.
Anyone with questions should contact Schnucks Consumer Affairs at 314-994-4400 or 1-800-264-4400.
Actual brand and UPC info for web:
Simple Truth Organic - Baby Spinach, 5 oz. tray UPC code: 0-11110-91128-5 Best by: 2/24/2013
Sold in: AK, AZ, CA, CO, ID, LA, MO, MT, NM, OR, TX, UT, WA, WY.
Taylor Farms Organic - Baby Spinach, 16 oz. tray UPC code: 0-30223-04780-3 Best by: 2/24/2013
Sold in: AL, AR, AZ, CA, CO, DE, FL, GA, HI, IA, ID, IN, IL, KS, KY, LA, MD, MO, MN, MS, MT, NC, NE, NM, NV, NJ, NY, OK, PA, SC, TN, TX, UT, VA, WI, WY.
More information can be found on a special website set up by Taylor Farms.
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Voices into Action: The Families, Food, and Health Project
Voices into Action funds mini-grants and works with communities to help improve access to healthy and affordable food and places to be active.
A place for tips, recipes, projects, and other information helpful for keeping families healthy!
Learn what is going on with Voices into Action in your community!
Get on our mailing list! Learn about upcoming events and let your voice be heard.
Voices into Action: The Families, Food, and Health Project is an initiative to learn about families’ attitudes and behaviors towards food, and partner with communities to improve access to healthy, affordable food and spaces for physical activity in Wake, Harnett, and Lee counties. The project works through in-depth interviews of mothers and grandmothers, food assessments, asset-mapping, and collaboration with local partner organizations to encourage and support small, community-based projects.
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The appeal in this case is out. The Bulls (quite rightly) lost when the court ruled very clearly that since Hall and Preddy were in a Civil Partnership, to not treat them the same way as a married couple was discrimination on the grounds of sexual orientation under the Equality Act.
That said, reading the appeal ruling makes for an interesting exercise. In it we find the following,
40. Though I agree with the Respondents that Ladele does not assist the Appellants (and see below), for the reason the Court there gave, in my view notwithstanding lengthy submissions on various topics, the answer to this appeal lies in a consideration of James. It is fatal to the Appellants’ case. An homosexual couple cannot comply with the restriction because each party is of the same sex and therefore cannot marry. In James the male plaintiff could never have a pension aged 61. The restriction therefore discriminates against the Respondents because of their sexual orientation just as the criterion at the swimming baths discriminated against Mr James because of his sex. For this reason alone it is directly discriminatory. Put another way, the criterion at the heart of the restriction, that the couple should be married, is necessarily linked to the characteristic of an heterosexual orientation. There has in my view been direct discrimination by virtue of Regulation 3(1) and (3)(a) together with Regulation 4
– less favourable treatment on grounds of sexual orientation.
Hang on a minute. Let’s read that carefully - the criterion at the heart of the restriction, that the couple should be married, is necessarily linked to the characteristic of an heterosexual orientation.
Is the court arguing that a gay man cannot legally or physically or spiritually or sociologically marry a woman if he (and she) so chooses? Is the court arguing that only straight people choose to be married to someone of the opposite sex? Is the court arguing that all gay people would choose not to get married to someone of the same sex?
Surely marriage is not necessarily linked to the characteristic of sexual orientation. Gay men and women do get married to people of the opposite sex, for good and bad reasons. It matters not whether the cases only number in the teens or hundreds, they do happen, they happen mainly for love and to suggest that the law does not recognise the existence of such marriages is dangerous grounds indeed. Tantamount to the apocryphal tale of Queen Victoria not allowing the criminalisation of lesbian sex because she refused to believe it happened.
This seems to be a constant major flaw in legal rulings on this issue, even the ones I agree with, namely that the courts are trapped in a bi-polar model of sexuality that is not congruent with the reality of many people’s lives.
Just to clarify, the Lord Chancellor makes a comment later in the ruling where he writes,
61. The judge concluded that the restriction constituted discrimination and was on the grounds of sexual orientation. Mr and Mrs Bull contend that this conclusion is wrong because they apply the restriction to persons of heterosexual and homosexual orientation alike if they are not married. But, in agreement with Rafferty LJ, that cannot, in my view, be a sufficient answer. The former may be married but the latter cannot be. It follows that the restriction is absolute in relation to homosexuals but not in relation to heterosexuals. In those circumstances it must constitute discrimination on grounds of sexual orientation. Such discrimination is direct. As Rafferty LJ has pointed out there is a direct analogy with the decision of the House of Lords in James v Eastleigh BC 2 AC 751. This conclusion is not affected by the existence or terms of Regulation 3(4).
Now what the Lord Chancellor is pointing out quite rightly is that two men are discriminated against as two men, in that they are legally unable to marry and therefore the ban on unmarried couples discriminates against them, but we must recognise that that is a different position to saying, as para 41 does above, that a single gay man cannot marry. That is obviously untrue – any man may marry any woman in this county if they meet the other legal requirements.
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Let's start downtown at the Motown Museum. If you come to Detroit, if "My Girl" makes you smile and The Supremes ruled when you spun a few discs, you need to know more.
Motown, formed by Detroit native Berry Gordy, Jr., was the most successful black-owned record company and one of the most successful black-owned corporations in US history. Motown's output was fundamental to the sound of the 1960s.
Gordy ran a jazz record shop in the mid-1950s, but his potential customers preferred rhythm & blues. So he left the retail record business, took a day job in a Ford factory, and began writing songs; one of his first big hits was "Reet Petite" for Jackie Wilson. In 1957 Gordy met Smokey Robinson, changed the name of Robinson's vocal group from Matadors to Miracles, and leased their records. Gordy, who had only wanted to be a successful songwriter, realized that the true way to reap the rewards meant starting a record company and publishing the music himself, so he formed Motown Record Corporation (short for Motortown). Artists were paid salaries until they had hits, but were tied to the company and subject to Gordy's whims. Motown became a family operation tightly controlled by Gordy, and soon dominated the decade's black pop, seriously challenged only by the Southern sound of Stax in Memphis and the Fame Studio in Muscle Shoals. None of the Motown hits were ever certified gold because he would not allow the RIAA (Record Industry Association of America) to see his books.
Motown stars included Mary Wells, the Supremes, the Jackson Five, Martha Reeves and the Vandellas, Gladys Knight and the Pips, the Temptations, the Marvellettes, the Four Tops, Stevie Wonder, Junior Walker, and many more. Acts were taught deportment and stage movements, and touring Motown shows were also tightly chaperoned. But the proof of Gordy's genius in the studio, and deciding who should do what, was in the hits: at least 110 singles made the Billboard pop top ten from 1961 through 1971, and are still selling today in countless compilations and anthologies. The hits of the Motown decade are perhaps the ultimate party music, and more than that, thanks to Robinson's songwriting. In 1973 Motown grossed $40 million and employed 135 people, but by then it had moved to California. When Motown left Motortown it became just another record company. (Read more about Motown's legacy of stars.).
Motown Historical Museum
2648 West Grand Blvd.
On the Web, visit Motownmuseum.com
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Editor’s Note: the original version of this article was first posted on the C2C in 2010.
Writing is like martial arts.
You can’t let all the tools and the forms and the structures restrain you. You have to be willing to apply your skill to whatever comes your way. You have to allow yourself to work with a scene in your novel both organically and at the same time shape it with the skill you have learned. It’s mind meets instinct. Bruce Lee says it best:
Mastering The Art of Writing Judo
When I am convinced that my mindset at the moment is not congruent with the scene or piece I am trying to write, I write it anyway. But instead of ignoring my mindset at the moment, I use it, I utilize the energy–whether it is that I am mad, or confused, or feel humiliated, or lost. Suddenly what I thought had nothing to do with what I was writing was exactly what the piece needed.
There is a raw emotion and a realness that you bring to your work. Because, after all, you are the one that is human. You are the only real thing about your novel, so it is up to you to bring that realness of humanity to your writing. One way to do this is to use your raw emotions, your vulnerabilities, your insecurities, your anger, what have you, and let them shape that scene.
We can get convinced that there is no way that our lives right now could possibly be in sync with what we are writing about and so we can’t use any of it in our writing.
But try again, and you’ll find that you are wrong. What you are going through is (sometimes) exactly what you need.
Don’t Try to Make It Real, Just Make It True
Our writing is a reflection of who we are at the moment, whether we like it or not. You can try to restrain that human rawness typing at that laptop, but it would serve you better if you went with it. Be like water. If you’re being poured into a cup, you become the cup.
Allow your mood to guide you, to reveal an answer. That nightmare you had last night. Write it out, and in your story you can give it a happy ending. That problem that you couldn’t solve all night, and kept you up, and now you don’t remember what it was–write it out in the story and maybe you will solve it.
Dustin Hoffman once talked about a pivotal scene in Rainman where at one point as an actor he became so mad and frustrated that he couldn’t get the scene right. Obviously, he had to do the scene no matter what, so they went forward with the shoot. But instead of resisting those raw emotions, Hoffman used them in that very same scene. His character suddenly become angry and frustrated. Did the audience care that what they were really seeing was Dustin Hoffman, the actor, being angry and frustrated? No. The audience didn’t know the difference. All they saw was the real, raw emotions–they saw the anger and the frustration, and they connected those emotions with the character in the scene. That’s all they needed to see.
Or to paraphrase my acting teacher in college, Kay: “You can’t make the scene real, because it’s fake. But what you can do is make it true.”
As the writer, you bring the rawness to your work. Don’t hold it back. Use it. Infuse it into the work. That’s how you bring the truth to the work and your characters. It doesn’t matter if it isn’t the right emotion for the right period or situation, or whatever. Humans haven’t changed much over the years. The same basic needs are still there. Your characters all need to have those basic needs in order to come off as human, but since they’re fake, you have to give it to them.
If you’re a writer, feel lucky. Someone has given you a pathway. A way to find an answer, that is all in your control. Don’t resist, let it flow.
much “everybody was kung fu fighting! nah nuh nah nuh nah nuh nah nuh nah!”
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Architects: Pearce Brinkley Cease + Lee
Location: Rocky Mount, North Carolina, USA
Client: City of Rocky Mount
Project Team: Jeffrey Lee, Irvin Pearce, David Francis, Rob Harkey, Henry Newell
Size: 35,000 SF / 300 seats
Photographs: JWest Productions
The site for the Imperial Centre Theatre is across an abandoned street from the historically significant Imperial Tobacco Company cigarette factory in Rocky Mount, North Carolina. This site, which has been a city park for the past century, was formerly occupied by a public swimming pool. The Imperial Centre Theatre is linked to the larger complex by an enclosed bridge that spans over the abandoned roadway. This bridge is designed to allow the presence of the historically significant street to be understood while minimizing the impact on the character of the original buildings. The structure and plan alignment of the bridge were derived from the existing overhead gantry previously used for transporting coal to the central boilers. The Imperial Centre Theatre seats 300 people in a surprisingly intimate relation to the stage.
Parterres, containing movable seats, flank a central zone of stepped stadium-type seating. Tech balconies align with the upper sides of the theater. The spot booth is located at the rear, above the control room. Two catwalks span the space. The stage has a width of 35 feet and a clear depth of 36 feet with the capacity of 45 line sets. Rigging access is stage left at the arbor pit. Extended wing space is provided stage right. An orchestra pit with capacity for 25-30 musicians fronts the stage. Directly behind the stage is a set workshop and loading dock. A wardrobe shop, star dressing rooms and green room/lounge are located at stage level. Larger dressing rooms are located below the stage. The lobby is located to the side of the theater as opposed to a more traditional entry configuration. This strategy allows for room on the site to create an outdoor terrace as an extension of the lobby. It also provides a readily apparent front facade and clear point of entry. The lobby and access corridor are both partially defined by large transparent curtain wall assemblies. These spaces showcase patron activity and provide visual connections to the outdoors.
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(NaturalNews) Specifically tailored yoga programs may help women with late-stage breast cancer by reducing pain and fatigue and raising their spirits, according to a pilot study published in the Journal of Pain and Symptom Management.
"The benefits could include less pain and fatigue, and more vigor, relaxation, and acceptance," said study leader Dr. James W. Carson of the Duke University Medical Center in Durham, N.C.
Researchers tested the effects of a specifically tailored yoga program on 13 women with breast cancer that had spread to other parts of their bodies. The average participant age was 59 years, and the average time of diagnosis was seven years previous to the study.
The women attended a yoga class once a week for eight weeks. The classes included breathing, mediation and gentle yoga postures, as prescribed by the "Yoga of Awareness" program, which is specifically designed to help with emotional distress, fatigue and pain.
The yoga exercises demonstrated immediate benefits in "significantly boosting daily invigoration and a sense of acceptance," according to the researchers, as well as improving relaxation and helping with pain.
"Greater practice on a given day was associated with improvements not only on the same day, but the next day as well," the researchers wrote.
The new study "provides some of the first, tentative evidence for yoga's potential benefits in this vulnerable population of women with limited life expectancy," they concluded.
Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women
worldwide, and the leading cause of cancer deaths among them. An estimated one in 39 women who reach age 90 will suffer from it at some point in their lives.
Breast cancer may spread to other parts of the body via the lymph nodes under the arms or through blood vessels, most commonly to the bones. Once the cancer has metasatized to the bones, it is no longer considered curable by conventional oncologists, though treatment may prolong the life of a patient for several years.
Have comments on this article? Post them here:
people have commented on this article.
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Info and resources
SFC national conference
In October 2011, the Soil Association - in partnership with Cardiff University and Bristol City Council - organised the first national Sustainable Food Cities Conference. Representatives from 20 UK cities and 15 NGOs came together to share their experiences in developing city-wide sustainable food programmes.
Charters, strategies and action plans
Some cities in the UK and abroad have developed food charters as a way of bringing individuals, businesses, public institutions and policy-makers together around shared principles and ambitions on sustainable food. Many have also developed detailed strategies and action plans to turn these ambitions into reality.
Transforming food culture and the food systems that support it can seem like an unachievable task, but there are already lots of tried-and-tested initiatives that you can adopt quickly and easily to really get things moving, backed by organisations that will do everything they can to help you succeed.
Organisations that can help
Whether you want to improve public health, care for the environment, promote local economic prosperity, build community resilience or tackle food poverty, there are specialist organisations throughout the UK that can help you with every aspect of sustainable food.
From the proliferation of food policy councils in North America to the progressive food strategies of Europe, from Belo Horizonte’s efforts to become ‘The City That Ended Hunger’ to Dar Es Salaam’s urban agriculture revolution, cities around the world are transforming through food.
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http://www.soilassociation.org/sustainablefoodcities/infoandresources
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After consecutive months of steady increases, the unemployment rate for Marion County decreased in April. According to information released Wednesday by Iowa Workforce development, 7.9 percent of Marion County’s workforce was unemployed – down from 8.5 percent in March.
Despite the decrease in the jobless rate, Marion County is still above the statewide average for the month of April, which rose slightly to 6.9 percent. A reason behind the higher unemployment rate in the county appears to be an increased number of available workers, which are outnumbering the number of new jobs or hires.
Marion County’s 7.9 percent unemployment rate is still well below the national average, which inched up to 9.9 percent in April from 9.7 percent in March. Iowa’s jobless rate was 5.5 percent in April of 2009.
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<urn:uuid:f11e7124-c4b7-4bdb-addc-a7f327b9f6a4>
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CC-MAIN-2013-20
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http://kniakrls.com/2010/05/marion-co-unemployment-decreases-still-higher-than-state-average/
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en
| 0.944522
| 174
| 2.03125
| 2
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RAYER should be continually offered by the people of God at this time. The Baptist Union meets in full assembly on April 23, and the great question then before it will be"Is this Union to have an Evangelical basis or not?" We trust the question will be discussed with good temper, and that the decision will be of the right kind. Surely, as every other body of Christians avows its faith, the Baptist Union should do the same. Whatever its belief is, let it own it.
We trust that no personal considerations will be allowed to divert the Assembly from its great topic. The censure need not be taken into account: the object of it would sooner be censured ten thousand times over than have his name and method of protest used as a red herring to be drawn across the scent. If the Council has any more resolutions to introduce of the nature of further censure, let it have ample scope; but we hope no solitary moment will be spent in an attempt to reverse its previous deliverance. The time will be better spent upon weightier matters.
Should the majority decide that there shall be no Evangelical basis, the conflict will then begin. There is great reluctance to retire from the Union, but there is a strong resolve to continue seeking a reformation by all available means until the attempt shall prove altogether hopeless. We have heard this determination frequently expressed, and cogent arguments used for its support. It certainly does seem rather out of order that the majority should have to retire before the minority; at any rate, it will be wise to see what the respective numbers are.
An appeal has been made to us to use our influence to prevent the discussion; but this is absurd. Our influence could not prevent the discussion; and we would not prevent it if we could. Do these friends really think that we are playing with words, and have no solemn convictions? So far from ceasing to ask for an Evangelical basis at this particular meeting of the Baptist Union, the brethren who desire it will never discontinue their request until they obtain it. We have come to the parting of the ways, and the old school and the new cannot go much further in company; nor ought they to do so. Let them part with as little friction as possible.
To answer the various inventions of opponents is a work too weary for one who has enough to bear and to do without replying to rumors. If some accuse, many approve; and, meanwhile, rising above both the wrath and admiration of man, our heart finds rest in debug the will of God.
No doubt Israel is troubled, and he who exposes the evil is blamed for it; but in truth the troublers of our Israel are those who have introduced strange doctrines among us. If false teaching were put away, peace and prosperity would return. When the mists have rolled away, and brethren, for the while, blinded by a strange infatuation, once more see things as they are, they will no longer be angry because of the purging of the barn-floor, but will praise God for it.
We are issuing a pamphlet entitled "Creed or No Creed? A question for the Baptist Union." This penny pamphlet, by the brother who first wrote on "The Down-Grade," should be read by all who take an interest in this great discussion.
An interesting incident of the "Down-Grade" controversy has occurred at Guildford. The Young Men's Christian Association in that town recently held a conference upon the "Down-Grade" question; when it was evident that most of those who took part in the discussion were themselves upon the "Down-Grade." The result was, that lovers of the truth in the town and neighborhood bestirred themselves, a public meeting was called, the ministers and members of the Baptist and other Evangelical churches attended in large numbers, and a strong resolution of sympathy with us was passed, with only two dissentients.
The Y. M. C. A. scarcely expected such an ending of the discussion, but it shows the advantage of letting in light. The one thing that the "Down-Grade" railway dreads is light.
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<urn:uuid:cb06c411-36f2-42b3-8ab4-fad715acf074>
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CC-MAIN-2013-20
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http://www.spurgeon.org/s_and_t/0488nts.htm
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368702448584/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516110728-00063-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz
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en
| 0.971525
| 844
| 1.695313
| 2
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Lilani Kumaranayake and Charlotte Watts rightly point out that our study, like all cost-effectiveness studies, reflects the circumstances in which it was undertaken. Generalisations need to be made cautiously, as we acknowledged. Nevertheless, there are many similarities between Tanzania and other developing countries, making our results useful for policy makers elsewhere. The specificity of results to the local context can be overcome by carefully designed modelling exercises, as Kumaranayake and Watts recommend. The predictive precision of such models depends on the accuracy of the data they are based on. Studies like ours help to generate these data.
Kumaranayake and Watts suggest that total rather then incremental costs be used. The approach used to specify costs must match that used for effects. Our intervention comprised strengthening existing health services, and our effectiveness data were incremental. Besides, total costs for an intervention delivered by multipurpose health facilities are not easy to calculate, frequently involve rather arbitrary decisions on cost allocation, and will still be context specific. Costs of existing services were extremely low, so using total costs would not substantially affect the cost per DALY saved, and our intervention would still compare favourably with others. Unfortunately, there is little standardisation of cost-effectiveness methods, and many sources are not explicit on how their calculations were made.
We agree that sustainability is important when judging public-health interventions. The Mwanza trial was designed to test whether improved STD services have an impact on HIV-1 transmission. The intervention was not designed to change sexual behaviour; it is therefore not surprising that no such change was observed.
We maintain that this intervention is cost-effective and sustainable. The intervention has been upscaled to cover almost 200 facilities without major additional capital investments. The cost-effectiveness has probably increased substantially. There is clearly a need for sustained external support of health services in developing countries—not just for STD services, but in general. That our effective intervention is currently “expensive” when compared with underfunded existing services, is surely no reason for not offering it.
We agree with Nigel O'Farrell (Feb 28, p 651)1
that the best possible antibiotics should be chosen for STD intervention programmes, preferably comprising effective single-dose treatments. When our trial was launched such treatments were not available. The drugs used were those officially recommended in Tanzania's national programme at the time (although not available in the essential drug programme), and are among those recommended by WHO.2
The reported decrease in antibiotic susceptibility of gonorrhoea for co-trimoxazole was observed during the course of the trial, with full resistance in only 4% of the strains.3
Co-trimoxazole was not available in comparison communities, and the reported cure rates in these communities were based on a critical inspection of prescriptions. The intervention had a significant effect on symptomatic male urethritis but not on asymptomatic cases, as can be expected from an intervention without effective means to reach the many symptomless cases which represent a continuous reservoir for reinfection. There is an urgent need for simple screening tests: without these more effective drugs would still not be able to solve this problem.
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<urn:uuid:e575f0be-e046-428b-a1ba-ecba8f7ecf3e>
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CC-MAIN-2013-20
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http://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(05)60659-9/fulltext
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en
| 0.966999
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I've put together a list of videos that I recommend to new Open XML developers who need to learn about WordprocessingML markup. These videos, for the most part, are not about developer techniques or programming with Open XML. They are all about the markup. Some of these videos are recorded recently in my on-going project to record introductory screen-casts about many aspects of Open XML. Some of these screen-casts are older, but the content is still relevant, so I've included them in the list. I am not finished recording videos on WordprocessingML, but this list is now complete enough that if you assimilate all of the information in these videos, you will have a solid grounding in many aspects of WordprocessingML.
Screen-cast series: Introduction to WordprocessingML
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<urn:uuid:f60cd540-249c-4b0e-9ed6-63dc7f8c7368>
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http://openxmldeveloper.org/default.aspx?GalleryPostSort=Downloads&SortOrder=Ascending&PageIndex=9&PostSortBy=MostComments
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en
| 0.929774
| 159
| 1.695313
| 2
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The DIKW model is a hierarchy used in the fields of information science and knowledge management. In the model, data is characterised as discrete, objective facts, observations, readings, stimuli that have no meaning or value because they are unprocessed and unorganised and so lack context and interpretation. Information has some degree of meaning, structure and purpose applied to that data or stimuli (like descriptions) so is more useful, applicable and relevant. Knowledge is more useful still, and is typically defined as information that has been processed, organised or applied in some way - a framework derived from a fluid mix of values, beliefs, rules, skills, expertise, experience, insight, intuition, contextual information. Combinations of information combined over time to convey understanding, accumulated learning, applied in our minds or embedded in organisational practices and norms. Wisdom can be described as a more useful form of knowledge or evaluated understanding, that adds value, that requires judgement - 'why do' as opposed to 'why is'. The model is similar to Maslow's hierarchy of needs in that each level is a precursor to the level above, and so describes functional relationships in that lower levels comprise the material of higher levels. So information is defined in terms of data, knowledge in terms of information, and wisdom in terms of knowledge.
The data deluge is very real, and it's not going away. One estimate suggests that in 2005 mankind created 150 exabytes (that's a billion gigabytes). This year, that figure will be more like 1,200 exabytes. Most organisations sit on huge repositories of data that are often under-utilised and not linked up. The internet of things is already generating vast quantities of data from objects. Data that exists not just in systems but systems of systems. Systems that talk to each other, influence and affect one another in ways that can create helpful services (the IBM video below, a useful summary of the internet of things, describes this matrix).
So it is useful to think about the structure of interpretation and understanding that we apply to the data we gather. And it's interesting to think about how that can be applied so that we might create not just useful services, but interesting stories. Stories are important since they convey value and meaning, even onto inanimate objects. Value that can be intangible, but equally very real.
The Significant Objects project saw creative writers inventing stories about random objects that had been bought in thrift shops. The objects were then put on e-bay along with their stories (it was made clear they were fictional) to see if the stories could invest in them a new significance and value. It was not a perfect experiment, but the results were amazing. $128 worth of thrift-store junk was sold for $3,612 (which went back to the contributing writers).
When Russell first talked about his post-digital schtick he talked about how, as objects informationalise, communication channels are getting built in. About how the stuff and the possibilities that digital technologies facilitate - the creativity, conversation, community and collaboration - were migrating into the real world, turning out real objects, real events, real places. All of that real stuff was there before of-course, but we're starting to get to a really interesting point where embedded technologies, and the data that they create, are starting to be applied in some intriguing ways, generating some really interesting ideas.
Like The History Tag, an idea by David Hieatt. As I do, David believes that one of the best things we can do for the environment is to make products last longer. On a personal level I find the fallibility and impermanence that seems to be baked-in to products now an immensely frustrating cultural norm. We seem to have gotten ourselves into a situation where we accept ever shortening consumption cycles that see products designed with an in-built capacity to wear out, break, or become out-of-date after a given (usually short) amount of time. So David's idea is to encourage the practice of owning things that do last and that can be handed down by using digital technologies to enable objects to tell their own stories. So the History tag is like a barcode, but one that is updatable via the web or an app:
"…imagine a well-made bag with a 'History Tag'. This will allow the owner to update its history on a bit of The History Tag website. What they have been up to with their bag: its best day, its worst, its journeys, its fun times etc. And, if that bag is ever sold on one day, or passed down, then, that history will go with it. The new owner can get their phone to read the tag and its history, so they will know its story."
The internet is changing the default from forgetting to remembering. As the line between physical and virtual blurs, perhaps we are only scratching the surface of what is possible. We're used to objects telling their stories through their visual appearance. A frayed hem on a jacket, a coffee stain on a magazine page, the page of a book turned over at the corner where someone once paused, mid-story, perhaps to sleep or just to think about what they'd just read. Yet objects are increasingly equipped to tell their own stories in multiple ways. It's intriguing to imagine where that might go.
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<urn:uuid:a624d5d9-2b96-4a56-abe3-b600a50e2fa3>
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CC-MAIN-2013-20
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http://neilperkin.typepad.com/only_dead_fish/2010/04/objects-and-stories.html
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368703298047/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516112138-00050-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz
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en
| 0.963997
| 1,090
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| 3
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Improvement in shoulder rotation in complex shoulder fractures treated by reverse shoulder arthroplasty.
ABSTRACT HYPOTHESIS: Reverse shoulder arthroplasty in complex shoulder fractures is now a common practice. Unfortunately, loss of rotation is observed when tuberosity excision is used, impairing function and patient satisfaction. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the advantage of tuberosity repair in terms of the functional result. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed 41 patients, with a mean age at trauma of 76.9 years, at a mean follow-up of 24 months. Tuberosities were repaired in 27 patients and totally removed in the other 14 cases. RESULTS: Two-thirds of the repaired tuberosities consolidated in anatomic position. We compared a group with tuberosity healing in anatomic position versus a group without repair and with malunion or nonunion of the tuberosities. In the first group, all sectors of motion, especially external rotation (49° vs 10°), were improved and both Constant scores (65 vs 50) and Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand scores (30 vs 40) were significantly better. CONCLUSION: Management of complex fractures of the superior extremity of the humerus by reverse shoulder arthroplasty is an accepted approach, but such treatment is restricted to elderly patients. Shoulder rotational ability is improved by systematically repairing the tuberosities around the implant. However, their consolidation should be anatomic; otherwise, the result is impaired by the lack of rotation. Nonunion or malunion does not lead to a functional disaster, as is sometimes the case with hemiarthroplasty without tuberosity healing.
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<urn:uuid:4c293d32-70b5-4c65-9525-3020ee391fbb>
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CC-MAIN-2013-20
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http://www.researchgate.net/publication/227170200_Improvement_in_shoulder_rotation_in_complex_shoulder_fractures_treated_by_reverse_shoulder_arthroplasty
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368698207393/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516095647-00011-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz
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en
| 0.939285
| 349
| 1.539063
| 2
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Access Report Runs out of memory
I have a Contacts database that has a field that is a file reference to the records photo. When I try to print a report with the Photos on it, it starts out ok but then starts dropping photos(show as blank) and eventually gets an out of memory error.
-Running Access 2010 32 bit on 64 bit windows 7. Have 16 GB's of Ram...
I have done this type of project before without any problems, but there were some major differences. First I was running Access 2002(XP) on windows XP machines and the tables linked to an Oracle database. Also the Photos were stored in a field in the table, not as a file reference.
Still I don't under stand how it could run out of memory.
For now I have the user scalling all of their photos down to the size of the Image control, but some are getting a bit grainy/blurry.
I have no clue how else to fix this???
i will give you a clue:
long time ago, i was working with windows 95, which was 32-bits architecture.
i was trying to run some disk operating system programs on windows 95.
they ran out of memory because those disk operating system programs ran in 16-bits memory model different from windows 95.
they were using a memory model that didn't use the full ram capacity of those computers.
i changed the memory model and architecture from 16-bits to 32-bits, and after that i really had console-driven programs that were truly windows 95 applications instead of disk operating system programs.
in a few words, check the memory model and number of bits architecture of your application compared to your operating system.
you could use performance monitor or task manager as a clue of the amount of ram that your access application uses, and maybe from there guess the memory model and architecture of your application.
if your access application uses a different memory model and/or number of bits architecture from your operating system, you should know what to do.
for example, you could check the version of access of your application, and maybe change your application to the last version of access in the market.
that could solve your problem if you are not in the last version of access.
besides and as far as i know, microsoft office programs run in the 32-bits mode.
you can check this by locating the program files folder where your access installation resides in your disk.
if you find in your program files folder a string like "x86" then you are not running a 64-bits memory model access application.
i hope this information gives you some clues,
same guy with something else:
if you cannot run access in a 64-bits memory model that can use full ram capacity of your computer, maybe you will need to move your access source code to maybe vb.net (like dotnet winforms), so that your application runs under a 64-bits architecture memory model.
that is only a suggestion.
This Access App is not for me. It is for one of my customers. They wanted it in Access.
Also I don't think they would pay to have me re-write it in vb.net.
I think this is not really the problem anyway. I was able to run similar Access apps on older machines, with less memory, older versions of access, and it ran just fine.
It seems to me that Access is now trying to cash too mush of the report into ram at one time, and with larger more detailed images it quickly runs out of memory.
When it gets low in memory it should simply allow more pages to be sent to the pronter before it loads more new pages into memory.
This seems like a settings error, or it's a bug in Access?
this is a whole issue by itself
since your app is 32-bits it is constrained to a memory model of max 2GB regardles of any other more ram your computer has.
there are different answers to this problem over the internet as far as i could read.
i dont know whether you can increase the amount of ram your access app can use because there are different answers to this problem.
for example, please look for this search on google
increase ram used by a 32-bit application
and also the next search
increase ram used by a microsoft access application
some people say you can and others you cannot.
they mean your very same case, in which you have a 32-bits app running on a 64-bits operating system.
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Rights & Tenure in the News »
TIME: Good News and Bad News for the World's Tropical Forests
Another day, another global report on the world's land use. This time a wide-ranging survey from the International Tropical Timber Organization (ITTO)—an intergovernmental body that promotes the sustainable use of forest resources—has revealed that the area of the world's tropical forests that are under some form of sustainable management has increased 50% since 2005, from 69 million hectares to 183 million hectares. That's good. And the area of timber-production under some form of management plan—as opposed to a timber free-for-all—has increased by one-third since 2005 and now totals 131 million hectares. But at the same time, that's a little more than a quarter of the 431 million hectares globally that are under timber production, meaning that much of the world still has virtually no forest policy whatsoever. And less than 10% of all forests are sustainably managed according to the ITTO's fairly exhaustive numbers. From Emmanuel Ze Meka, the ITTO's Executive Director:
We are of course happy to see the progress that has occurred in the last five years, but it still represents an incremental advance, and some countries are still lagging behind. We fully support the emergence of new markets for ‘green' timber and the recent push to include forests in a climate change accord, but in many countries these developments alone may not be transformational.
Demand for certified wood is likely to affect only a small part of the tropical forest estate and countries are embracing forest programs related to climate change because they expect them to generate a significant amount of money, which may not materialize to the extent hoped for.
The story differs from region to region. Some of the brightest spots for tropical forests are in the very countries that, in the 1980s and 1990s, were the poster children for rainforest destruction. Brazil, Gabon, Guyana, Malaysia and Peru have all seen improvements in forest sustainability recently—including policies that have begun to deal with the knotty questions of land tenure. (Although Brazil—for reasons that still aren't clear—has suffered a sudden surge in deforestation over the past year.) But in many African and Southeast Asian nations—like Nigeria, Cambodia and Papua New Guinea—have experienced civil conflicts and economic problems that have made forest management a virtual impossibility. Even when better management laws are on the books, nations like Indonesia and the Democratic Republic of the Congo simply lack the ability to carry them out. From Andy White, coordinator of the Rights and Resources Initiative for ITTO:
Today's report shows that less than 10 percent of all forests are sustainably managed and that ITTO expects deforestation to continue. The report also shows that reforming tenure and supporting community forestry are needed to prevent the continued loss of tropical forests and the industrial clearing and logging that leads to deforestation, poverty, and human rights abuses.
While the trends are mostly positive, there's no guarantee they'll stay that way. The plan to avoid deforestation through REDD (Reduced Emission from forest Destruction and Degradation) has stalled in part because no climate market can match the value of native tropical forests for logging or for agriculture. If food prices stay high—as they're expected to do—and governments of the world keep supporting biofuels—you can expect more pressure on tropical forests. The best solution might be to intensify the push for sustainably managed or verified timber in European and North American markets—a strategy that was very effective in pushing Brazilian farmers to stop clear-cutting rainforest for soy production. The forests may be in Latin America and Asia—but the pressure to solve the problem of forest loss is on the rest of us.
Posted By Adam Houston at 10:14am on June 07, 2011
This blog may contain links to external websites. These links should not be construed as endorsements by Rights and Resources of the content present. They are provided for informational purposes only.
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Couple is a system of forces whose magnitude of the resultant is zero and yet has a moment sum. Geometrically, couple is composed of two equal forces that are parallel to each other and acting in opposite direction. The magnitude of the couple is given by
Where are the two forces and is the moment arm, or the perpendicular distance between the forces.
Couple is independent of the moment center, thus, the effect is unchanged in the following conditions.
- The couple is rotated through any angle in its plane.
- The couple is shifted to any other position in its plane.
- The couple is shifted to a parallel plane.
In a case where a system is composed entirely of couples in the same plane or parallel planes, the resultant is a couple whose magnitude is the algebraic sum of the original couples.
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Decades ago the federal government dropped its energy and weapons experiments into New Mexico's lap. The perception, says author V.B. Price, was that the desert was empty. And of course it's not.
As population accumulated, it brought industry, the kind that leaves long-term messes behind. Manufacturing plants, fuel storage tanks—they don't build those in Tanoan or down the street from the Country Club. No, industry is erected along the edges of town, in low- or middle-income neighborhoods—places where it’s thought not to matter so much. But of course it does.
Enter the citizen eco warriors. These are people who in their free time—after work, after the kids are asleep—pore over reams of documents, learn about bureaucratic processes and permits, and put up a fight on behalf of their neighbors. They study, they attend meetings, they write letters, they become experts on industry and its effects.
The warriors pop up in Alibi environmental news stories, sometimes celebrating successes or mourning losses. These are the self-appointed guardians of our chunk of desert. When put together, their stories paint a picture of an evolving city and state.
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The Houston Museum of Natural Science was founded in 1909 - meaning that the curators of the Houston Museum of Natural Science have been collecting and preserving natural and cultural treasures for a hundred years now. For this yearlong series, our current curators have chosen one hundred exceptional objects from the Museum’s immense storehouse of specimens and artifacts—one for each year of our history. Check back here frequently to learn more about this diverse selection of behind-the-scenes curiosities—we will post the image and description of a new object every few days.
This description is from Joel, the Museum’s President and Curator of Gems and Minerals. He’s chosen spectacular objects from the Museum’s mineralogy collection, which includes some of the most rare and fascinating mineral specimens in the world, that we’ll be sharing here – and at 100.hmns.org- throughout the year.
Jeremejevite. Mile 72 near Swakopmund, Namibia
Blue jeremejevite is among the rarest of gem minerals and has been found at only two localities, both of them in Namibia. Crystals from the original Namibian find in 1973 remain the finest known examples of the species. This 5.5-cm specimen is the best of the matrix specimens recovered. The presence of multiple crystals makes it unusual.
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To reduce disaster risk, the IFRC has three main strategies: to strengthen the preparedness and capacities of communities so that they are in a better position to respond when a disaster occurs; to promote activities and actions that mitigate the adverse effects of hazards; and to protect development projects such as health facilities from the impact of disasters.
Through its core areas of work in disaster management, health, organizational development and the promotion of humanitarian values, the IFRC’s 187 member National Societies are making a significant contribution to reducing the vulnerability of people living in some of the most hazard-prone areas of the world.
The importance of disaster risk reduction is reflected in the Agenda for Humanitarian Action adopted by the 28th International Conference of the Red Cross and Red Crescent in December 2003. At this conference, the Red Cross Red Crescent Movement and the states party to the Geneva Conventions committed to a plan of action that aims to reduce vulnerability to the risk and impact of natural disasters. This commitment has since been reiterated in the International Federation’s Global Agenda (2006–2010), which explicitly calls for increased action with vulnerable communities to reduce disaster risk.
The International Federation also fully supports the conclusions of the UN World Conference on Disaster Reduction, held in Kobe, Hyogo, Japan in January 2005 and continues to work through its member National Societies and in partnership with the UN, governments, donors and civil society to meet the objectives of the Hyogo Framework for Action 2005–2015, which was the key outcome of that conference.
Find out more
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The ship sailed from Melbourne on January 2, 1862, for Bluff Harbour, with 4000 sheep, arriving on the evening of January 13. With a pilot in charge, the vessel entered port against an adverse wind and ebb tide, and was driven ashore close to Tiwai Point, the wind blowing very hard from the westward at the time. At 11 a.m, the next day the Ocean Chief was refloated, having sustained considerable damage. At about midnight on January 22, the ship was set on fire by some members of the crew, and burned to the waters edge. Her moorings were slipped and she was scuttled in order to save the wharf. To make her destruction certain, it was alleged, the recalcitrant members of her crew had bored holes in the pumps. and cut the hoses to render them useless, it is said that they wanted to desert and head off to the goldfields. A Two Hundred Pound, Sterling reward was offered by Captain Brown, for evidence leading to a prosecution but no-one came forward. The Ocean Chief, No. 25,971, was a Black Ball clipper ship of 1,026 tons register, and was under the command of Captain T. BrownBack to Bluff Shipwrecks Page.
The "ocean Chief", official number 25971, was a Black ball Line clipper ship of 1,026 tons. Under the command of Captain T. Brown she sailed from Melbourne on 2 January 1862 for Bluff, New Zealand, with a cargo of 4,000 sheep. She arrived on 13 January and while entering port was struck by a westerly agle and driven ashore on Tiwai Point. Refloated at 1100 the next day she was berthed at Bluff Wharf. There, around midnight on 22 January, some of her crew set fire to her. Lured by the promise of easy wealth in the nearby goldfields they damaged the pumps and destroyed hoses to ensure the ship would never sail again. To save the wooden wharf the "Ocean Chief" was towed away and scuttled in shallow water. There she 'burnt to the copper' while her Master painted her last moments, which suggests he possessed considerably more equanimity than most. His painting formed the cover illustration of the book "Bluff Harbour" published in 1976. (see above)
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This costume created by Kari Gravklev, characterised by its very long hat with a large pompon, makes the person wearing it look like a vættr (wight). The vættir, which are sometimes likened to elves, are creatures out of Norwegian mythology. They live in caves, under mountains or even in barns. These creatures were represented at the Opening and Closing Ceremonies of the Games in Lillehammer because they illustrate the Norwegian traditions and folk costumes associated with them. It is also interesting to note that five different groups of vættir were created for the ceremonies, representing the five Olympic rings and thus the five continents.
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LA JOLLA, Calif., Sept. 13, 2012 /PRNewswire-USNewswire/ -- The Salk Institute announced today that researchers Bjorn Lillemeier, and Axel Nimmerjahn, have been named recipients of the prestigious 2012 National Institutes of Health (NIH) Director's New Innovator Award.
The NIH Director's New Innovator Award is a highly selective program with hundreds of researchers from the nation's top scientific institutions competing for the award. Only 51 scientists received the honor this year.
Drs. Lillemeier and Nimmerjahn will each receive $1.5 million over a period of five years. They join a group of young investigators who will receive a portion of approximately $155 million to pursue visionary science that exhibits the potential to transform scientific fields and speed the translation of research into improved health.
"It is extremely rare that a scientist would receive such an honor in his career, and even more exciting that an institute is fortunate enough to have two recipients selected for an NIH Director's New Innovator Award at the same time," said William R. Brody, president, Salk Institute. "We are very proud of Bjorn and Axel and grateful for NIH's support of young researchers who pursue innovative and bold science."
Bjorn Lillemeier is an assistant professor in both the Nomis Foundation Laboratories for Immunobiology and Microbial Pathogenesis and the Waitt Advanced Biophotonics Center. He is also the holder of the Rudolph and Sletten Developmental Chair. The New Innovator award will boost his efforts to understand how cellular communication is controlled in space and time. To this end, he develops unique optical microscopy techniques that visualize the molecular organization of plasma membrane signaling in live cells. A main interest of his laboratory is the processing of signals that cause activation or silencing of T lymphocytes during infections and diseases. His research reveals novel signaling mechanisms that can be utilized to modulate cell functions and target the large number of diseases associated with membrane signaling defects.
Axel Nimmerjahn, an assistant professor in the Waitt Advanced Biophotonics Center and holder of the Richard Allan Barry Developmental Chair, has created and continues to develop novel research tools for dissection of glial cell function in the intact healthy and diseased brain. The New Innovator award will support his research into microglia, the resident immune cells in the brain. Microglia are involved in essentially all brain pathologies and hence better understanding of their signaling mechanisms may lead to new or improved disease prevention and treatment strategies. Nimmerjahn aims to develop novel optical and genetic tools for in vivo dissection of microglia function in superficial and deep regions of the brain. This will provide new fundamental insight into these cell's beneficial and detrimental roles in health and disease.
Established in 2007, The NIH Director's New Innovator Award addresses two important goals: stimulating highly innovative research and supporting promising new investigators. The program supports exceptionally creative new investigators who propose highly innovative projects that have the potential for unusually high impact.
For more information on the New Innovator award, including a complete list of this year's awardees, please visit: http://commonfund.nih.gov/newinnovator.
This news release was issued on behalf of Newswise(TM). For more information, visit http://www.newswise.com.
SOURCE Salk Institute for Biological Studies
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Neil Armstrong was meant to be the first of many.
As a junior member of Auckland Observatory in the 1980s, I was pretty much convinced that in the world of the future (that's today) I'd be as likely to holiday on the moon as on the Coromandel Peninsula.
Blame Apollo 8. In December 1968, three astronauts orbiting the moon (not landing) sent back the first 'Earthrise' photos to the folks at home. For the first time, we saw ourselves and our planet as the aliens might see us. It's a helluva view.
That day, Pan Am announced they were taking reservations for commercial flights to the moon. The airline issued free 'First Moon Flights Club' cards to anyone keen to follow in Armstrong's footprint.
In the airline market of the day, Pan Am was something of a budget carrier, with a reputation for taking air travel to the masses, so if they said they could fly us to the moon it seemed plausible.
When Stanley Kubrick wanted to identify a common airline as the carrier for his space plane in 2001: A Space Odyssey, Pan Am was the natural choice. Sadly, 2001 was a decade too far for Pan Am; it went bust in 1991.
Visions of the future were ever thus. In the real world, a trip to the International Space Station aboard a Russian Soyuz spacecraft will set you back up to $43 million - suddenly a fortnight with the kids at a nice resort in Bali seems pretty reasonable, eh?
Today, those First Moon Flights Club cards are gathering dust and the promised jetpacks have never arrived.
Perhaps it's for the best. Having seen the mess visitors make to some of our planet's most beautiful places, it's easy to imagine us fouling the moon.
The second-to-last astronaut to walk on the moon, Apollo 17's Jack Schmitt, paused before leaving the surface for the final time and threw his geology hammer - just to see how far it would go.
The hammer is still up there - a little wilful littering seems an inauspicious farewell to our moon.By Winston Aldworth @WinstonAldworth Email Winston
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Women and VeilsBy: Guy Templeton
Once again, I’m thinking about the temple. Why do women wear veils, and why are they supposed to veil their faces when participating in the true order of prayer? At a wedding, many women wear veils for the ceremony. For a wedding, it seems to hold a bit of romance. In Islam, it is a sign of piety.
Jewish law dictates that a man is required to cover his head during prayer. Is this part of why men have a head covering in the temple? Orthodox Jewish men have their head covered at all times, less frequently, women in Conservative and Reform communities at times of prayer. Is this what happens in Mormon temples?
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The League of Women Voters opposes state Rep. Charles Perry’s guest column on voter identification.
Texas has long required voters to show ID at the polls. The photo ID requirement in Texas’ new law is much more restrictive. Registered voters would only be allowed to vote a regular ballot if they showed one of seven DPS- or U.S.-issued IDs listed in the law. Under this law, 600,000-plus registered Texas voters might lack the ID required to vote.
Requiring photo ID would not make elections more secure. Photo ID might detect voter impersonation, but there is no evidence that voter impersonation is a problem in Texas. The legislature’s criminal justice impact statement indicates that legal penalties in the law might affect fewer than five individuals.
Photo ID will be costly without improving election security. Documentation ($22 for a birth certificate) is needed for an ID, even the voting-only “free” ID. DPS office closures and curtailed hours affect about 90 of 254 Texas counties — several near Amarillo — and make obtaining any Department of Public Safety ID difficult for many. Texas does not provide the protections for legitimate voters unable to obtain ID that Indiana did. Taxpayers would pick up the tab for DPS costs of providing “free” IDs and changes in election procedures this law requires.
With budget deficits and consistently low voter turnout, Texas should make it easier for its residents to vote, not add costly barriers that negatively impact all voters and do nothing to improve elections.
Mina Fields Johnson,
LWV-Texas director and LWV-Amarillo member
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Homocystinuria is disorder of the metabolism. It causes low levels of a specific enzyme. These enzymes normally help to break down the amino acids methionine and homocysteine. The build up of these amino acids can cause impaired growth, development, and tissue repair.
The most common form of homocystinuria, involves a deficiency of the enzyme cystathionine beta-synthase.
Homocystinuria is a genetic disorder. The faulty genes are inherited from the parents. Both parents must have the defective gene in order for the child to develop the condition.
Homocystinuria is more common in New South Wales, Australia, and Ireland.
If both parents carry the faulty gene, there is a:
- 25% chance the child will be born with the disorder
- 50% chance the child will be a carrier of the faulty gene
The number and severity of symptoms vary. They may include:
- Nearsightedness and other visual problems
- Flush across the cheeks, fair complexion
- High-arched palate
- Tall, thin build
- Long limbs
- High-arched feet
- Abnormal formation of the rib cage
- Protrusion of the chest over the sternum
- Intellectual disability
- Psychiatric disease
Early treatment is important. Many states require that newborns be screened for homocystinuria. The test usually looks for high levels of methionine. If the test is positive, blood or urine tests can be done to confirm the diagnosis. These tests can detect high levels of methionine, homocysteine, and other sulfur-containing amino acids. Tests to detect an enzyme deficiency may be done as well.
Prenatal diagnosis of homocystinuria is available. It is done with samples taken during an amniocentesis or chorionic villi sample.
Newborn infants appear normal. Early symptoms, if present, are vague. They may first appear as mildly delayed development or failure to thrive. Increasing visual problems, dislocated lenses and nearsightedness in children may lead to diagnosis. Your doctor may order blood tests to confirm the diagnosis.
To look for potential complications the following tests may also be done:
- X-rays to look for bone problems
- An eye exam to look for eye problems
There is no specific cure for homocystinuria. Treatment is focused on managing the levels of methionine. It should begin as early as possible. Treatment may include medication and/or a special diet.
Those that do not respond to these vitamin will need a combination of a low methionine diet with cysteine supplementation. Other medications may also be occasionally needed.
A special diet may help people who don't respond to or don't respond fully to vitamin B6 treatment. Starting the diet early in life can help prevent intellectual disability and other complications. In general, the diet:
- Restricts foods with methionine
- Consists mainly of fruits and vegetables
- Allows very little, if any, meats, eggs, dairy products, breads, and pastas
Genetic counseling is recommended for people with a family history of homocystinuria. The counselor will help you determine the risk your child has of developing homocystinuria.
- Reviewer: Michael Woods, MD
- Review Date: 11/2012 -
- Update Date: 11/26/2012 -
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The questions that gave us more information about our Values Survey, were the ones that told us which Values need to be improved on, by the four forms are:Y1,Y2,Y3 andY4.These Values are:Acceptance,Cooperation,Respect,Responsibility andHonesty.
The questions in our survey that were directed to a certain value were useful to figure out, on average, what values are the strongest in each year, from 1 to 4 and how much they use each value on a daily basis.
i think that the boys and girls of y1 y2 y3 are very dishonest and that they are not saying the truth.
I think that to do the survy was something good but some of the children are not honest and they lie all the time.
I think that it was very fun even when some of them lied I liked it a lot.
I think the survey was intresting and fun, it was great to meet the year 1, 2 and 3 kids. It was fun to do the poster because we could draw and it was very nice and values are very important too, without values we couldn't live!!
i think the survey was fun but sometimes the values were hard to explain
I think that the ones of yer 1,2 and 3 are ling because the dident to wanted to say that they dident prepere they own swimming bag
I like doing he survey because we get to know better he kids of 1, 2 and 3
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One way to give back to the local community is through volunteering to educate our youth. In particular, teaching low income and at-risk youth can make a lasting difference both in the life of an individual and the community at large.
Several area volunteer agencies specialize in education. Here is a sampling of a few who could use more volunteers.
Family Learning Institute ― Reading and Math Education
Each spring for the last five years, WCC has hosted a spelling bee called “Bee on Board for Literacy.” This fundraiser brings in up to $35,000 for the Family Learning Institute or FLI.
FLI helps children of poverty find a way to succeed in school. The organization, started by retired teacher, Doris Sperling, served the first few students in 2000 and has grown since. Currently, FLI is providing reading help for 48 students and math help for 14.
Students from Washtenaw County in second through fifth grades who qualify as low-income and are at least one grade behind in reading may enter the program.
Each child, upon admission, is given a test called the Qualitative Reading Inventory. This test becomes the basis for an individualized plan to build the student’s ability where he is weak. A test at the end of the year assesses progress.
The program gives focused attention to learners that is often difficult for teachers to provide in schools. In addition to weekly one-on-one sessions with an assigned coach, the students meet in small groups to practice writing and group interaction skills.
The teaching focuses on practical skills like organizing thoughts. For this skill a “brain storm box” is used, where a central theme is supported by the five W’s: who, what, when, where and why. The five fingers of a hand aid in recall.
Teachers follow a scripted lesson plan.
“We’ve come a long way in supporting the coaches,” said Amy Rolfes executive director of FLI. “When a volunteer signs up to coach it’s our duty to teach the teacher.” This includes classes for coaches on specific topics such as the culture of poverty.
The results of FLI’s methods have been impressive. Between 70 and 80 percent of the students increase their reading grade by at least one level.
826Michigan ― Teaching creative expression through writing
The intriguingly named Liberty Street Robot Supply & Repair Store sells an array of novelty items, mostly with a robot theme. Here one can purchase replacement positronic brains, grasping appendages, robot tears and even “Robot Roast” coffee.
It is behind the red curtain at the back of the store where the real magic happens. In the back room, students ages 6-18, obtain homework help and learn to express their creativity through writing.
Welcome to 826Michigan, one of only eight 826 sites around the country. The original 826 was created in San Francisco, in 2002, by author Dave Eggers.
Ann Arbor got on board with the franchise in 2005. The store was originally monster-themed and located on State Street near Briarwood Mall. However, the robots staged a coup and moved the headquarters to 115 E. Liberty Street.
Volunteers, who call themselves “robotiers,” (pronounced: robot-ee-ays) mind the store. Emily Jennings, 38, of Ann Arbor has worked there for three years and enjoys the freedom it affords to do her own work on her laptop. The robots pique the children’s interest in learning. Money from sales goes to support the educational projects.
Volunteers are also central to supporting this mission.
One such project is drop-in tutoring, which takes place Monday through Thursday, between 3:30 and 5:30 p.m.,. Here, local students may get individualized help with their class assignments.
Another project is the Creative Writing Workshops offered on weekends and evenings. These sessions introduce creative forms of writing and usually last 90 minutes. Themes have included mapping a fantasy universe, exploring the concept of infinity and creating one’s own superhero.
Besides these one-off classes, there is a continuing session called Story Problems: Prose and Poetry Workshop where students bring in and discuss their independent writings with others. Classes are held regularly for SAT preparation and essay writing for college applications.
“We give students as much one-on-one attention as we can,” said Program Coordinator Catherine Calabro. “That’s something that’s disappearing from a lot of classrooms.”
The student-teacher ratio is usually no greater than 3-1.
Most of these teachers are volunteers, adults who have completed high school, filled out an application, passed a background check and gone through an orientation session.
826Michigan especially needs volunteers for its off-site projects in the Ypsilanti area.
At Ypsilanti Middle School, 50 students meet from 2:30 to 4:30 p.m. for homework help and a book project, four days a week. The book will be a professionally bound anthology of written works from all of the participants. Volunteers make this happen.
In-school residency programs are another way to contribute. Volunteers in the program act as teacher’s aids by providing one-on-one help to students, grading papers and manning reading and writing stations.
826Michigan provides all the training needed for willing volunteers, but they need people to train.
To get involved visit 826Michigan.org, click on the volunteer tab, then click on the link to the online volunteer application.
Ann Arbor Hands-on Museum ― Science Education
In the spring of most years, the Automotive and Motorcycle Technology Department of WCC transports a load of equipment and puts on a fun-filled weekend demonstration at the Ann Arbor Hands-on Museum located at 220 E. Ann St. The project is run by volunteer students and faculty aided by museum staff.
Similar events occur throughout the year at this family-oriented science education venue. The museum is designed to engage youth in the joy of science by making it interactive and fun.
It takes a village of volunteers, however, to make all the projects happen, about 500 volunteers each year. These unpaid helpers are typically high school or college students or members of a community or industry group with an interest in science education.
Volunteers must be older than 18 or 11-18 with a work permit, said Ann Hernandez, acting director of Educational Programs.
Jobs may include preparation and packaging of materials for hands-on experiments, mailing out materials for videoconference-based learning, manning demonstrations, office work and fund-raising. Some representative projects have been kaleidoscope building and making slime.
Learning science is a family affair.
“When people are helping out with these activities they are not only talking to just kids, but also to whole families,” Hernandez said.
Groups that have volunteered at the museum include Key Club (high school Kiwanis), Circle K (college Kiwanis), the Rotary Club, fraternities and sororities like Alpha Phi Omega from the University of Michigan.
Join the fun the next time WCC presents its Car Carnival, but don’t wait until then to enjoy the museum and to get involved with this valued community asset.
To join the fun, visit aahom.org and click on “Volunteer” in the “About Us” dropdown menu. There is both a group and individual volunteer application.
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Learn about Mayan culture and dance in the Colonial gem of Antigua - declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1979. Take a domestic flight to Flores and enjoy a tour of the Tikal ruins, set in the heart of the Guatemalan Jungle! Listen to the Howler Monkeys roar in the distance as you climb to the top of these ancient ruins. Tikal was an important Mayan settlement for over 1500 years, starting about 700 BC. Travel by private car to Mountain Pine Ridge, Belize. This 300 square mile forest reserve features Caribbean Pine and bracken ferns instead of the typical tropical forests and lianas which cover most of the rest of Belize. Experience the thrill of a lifetime during your scenic journey down the Jaguar Paw River, floating on inner tubes and enjoying the views of the surrounding rainforest and cave formations. Further adventure awaits as you climb into the rainforest canopy to take part in the exhilarating zip lines from where you can get a bird's eye view of the lush vegetation and tropical wildlife of the area. Conclude the tour in Ambergris Caye, a tropical paradise containing some of the world's best beaches.
Upon arrival you will be met by our local representative who will help you locate your vehicle.
Transfer to Antigua by private vehicle and professional English-speaking driver.
Posada de Don Rodrigo is a magical little colonial-style inn situated in the heart of Antigua Guatemala, near all the shops and dining spots in the city. The 315 year old property has been well-maintained and renovated, promising clean, comfortable rooms. With a light wreath of flowers encircling this enchanting 34-room abode, guests are privy to genuinely friendly and caring staff. Enjoy a fulfilling breakfast of meats, eggs, baked goods and the freshest of offerings. There are also plenty of restaurants in the area, as the central plaza is just a block away. If you prefer staying at the hotel, take a drink while watching the Marimba band perform, or perhaps spend some time in the picturesque courtyard.
You will be met at your hotel reception by your private guide to begin your half day walking tour of Antigua. Your tour will cover the architectural & historical highlights of this colonial city with a behind-the-scenes look at some of the many ruined churches, convents and cathedrals. Entrances are included to the Iglesia San Francisco (church), the Cathedral, Central Park and La Merced Church.
You will be picked up at your hotel and transferred to the airport in Guatemala city for your international or domestic flight.
Enjoy a short flight from Guatemala City to Flores.
Airport transfer with private vehicle, and driver.
Pick up from your hotel and transfer with your driver and guide to Yaxha National Park.The tour begins with with a short boat ride on Lake Yaxha to the small island site at Topoxte. Next, explore the Mayan ceremonial site of Yaxha. Set atop a hill overlooking two scenic lakes, this is a picturesque site. Enjoy the sites and sounds of the howler and spider monkeys as well as many colorful tropical birds and other mammals in this wildlife area. Enjoy a picnic lunch on the beautiful shores of Lake Yaxha. Afterwards, you will head back to your hotel.
A haven of wildlife and nature's secrets, the Villa Maya sits on the shores of Petenchel and Monifata about 45 minutes from the Tikal National Park. The huge private reserve plays host to the villa's 56 rooms, which are designed to offer the most modern living conditions while still keeping to the rustic, pleasant side of adventure getaways. This means there are no televisions or phones in the rooms. Friendly service goes hand in hand with tasty local and international dishes utilizing ingredients from the region. This beautiful environment features monkeys, deer, birds and insects of all sorts, for guests are practically left to play in the jungle. Roam the lagoons, swim in the pool, and simply discover Villa Maya.
Pick up from your lodge and begin your privately guided tour of Tikal National Park. Tikal was one of the major cultural and population centers of the Maya civilization. Though monumental architecture at the site dates to the 4th century BC, Tikal reached its apogee during the Classic Period, ca. 200 AD to 900 AD. Some of these pyramids are over 60 meters high (200 feet). Enjoy some free time at the site and return to your hotel after lunch at a local restaurant.
You will be picked up at your hotel and transferred to the Belize boarder at Melchor Mencos. Once you arrive here you will cross the boarder on foot, approximately 10 meters, (your driver will assist you but will not cross with you).
Meet your driver for a private transfer to San Ignacio area
Your tour begins with a visit to the famous sites of Xunantunich – situated on the banks of the Mopan River with private guide and driver. Xunantunich means "stone woman" in Mayan. Xunantunich was a thriving city near the end of the Classic Period (300-900 A.D.) with large plazas ringed with pyramids. After lunch you will continue to the site at Cahal Pech "Place of the Ticks", just outside the town of San Ignacio. The site center sits on the crest of a steep hill on the west bank of the Macal River and the central acropolis, approximately 900 feet above sea level, provides a commanding view of the Maya Mountains to the south and the fertile valleys of the Belize River to the northeast. This ceremonial center includes pyramid temples, palaces, and a ball court as well as five stelae and an altar (plain). The site shows a gradual architectural growth and indicates occupation probably running through the entire Classic Period. After a private tour you will return to your hotel.
San Ignacio Resort Hotel is a private resort that shines elegantly in the Cayo sunlight, in Belize. Newly renovated, the 25 rooms are welcoming, with widespan views of the surroundings and exceptionally comfortable beds. Cable TV and air conditioning are relaxing following a day of activities. Dine at the hotel’s steakhouse, for succulent grilled meats and mouthwatering spices. Have a few drinks at the Stork Club and enjoy the live entertainment. The hotel organizes a range of activities, including walks and hikes around the property. Make use of facilities such as the tennis court and swimming pool. Otherwise, check out the nearby archaeological sites and take a trip to Tikal.
Actun Tunichil Muknal "Cave of the Stone Sepulcher" is one of the most impressive caves in the Maya Lowland. Located in the heart of the Belizean Rainforest, this cave was a sacred place to the prehistoric Maya of Belize, who first began to use the entrance during the early classic period (300-600AD). The cave system consists of a series of chambers, ending in a 300mx50m cathedral where sacrificial ceremonies once took place. Visitors to this cave have the opportunity to travel into the Maya past and witness a living museum where the human sacrifices and artifacts can be viewed in their original context. After an exciting drive to the trailhead, guests will trek for 45 minutes through dense jungle in the Tapir.
Mountain Nature Reserve and wade across3 streams, and learn about the plants and animals of the jungle. At the entrance of the cave guests are outfitted in the necessary equipment preparing you for the Caving Adventure ahead. Some swimming will be required and also climbing and caving activity. This is a 1st class Caving and Archaeological experience. Time in the cave is 3 hours before returning back to the vehicle and to the hotel.
Transfer to Belize City by private vehicle.
A direct flight from Belize City International airport will take you to San Pedro, Amergris Caye.
SunBreeze Hotel is the optimum hotel from which to explore the wonders of Belize. At the SunBreeze Hotel, their professional team can assist you in coordinating all your activities. SunBreeze Hotel is a U Shaped Spanish Architectural design with a touch of the Caribbean surrounded by tropical gardens overlooking the Caribbean Sea. They are centrally located at the immediate south side of the heart of the town with easy access to every means of entertainment and water sport activity; yet out of the hustle of the town.
Hol Chan means Little Channel in Mayan and is a natural break on the barrier reef where ocean depth ranges from 3 to 30 feet. Here guests will enjoy seeing the breath taking myriad of marine life and huge coral garden, among which are flourishing stag horn corals and sea fans. Shark Ray Alley is a shallow water snorkel where guests will enjoy swimming with harmless nurse sharks and southern stingrays - this trip is a famous snorkel trip and a "must do" for Belize. Note: This is a shared tour, not private. Park fee of $10 per person not included.
Enjoy a direct flight from Pan Pedro, Ambergris Caye to the Belize City International Airport.
Please note obtaining a visa is your responsibility. These requirements change often and therefore it is best that you check with the Embassy of Belize for the most up to date visa information.
VISA/PASSPORTA valid U.S. passport is required for all U.S. and Canadian citizens, regardless of age, to enter Guatemala and to depart Guatemala. Even if dual nationals are permitted to enter Guatemala on a second nationality passport, U.S. citizens returning to the United States from Guatemala are not allowed to board their flights without a valid U.S. passport. An exit tax must be paid when departing Guatemala by air. The exit tax (currently $30) is generally included in an airline ticket price, but may be charged separately. There is an additional airport security fee (20 Quetzales, approximately $2.50) that all travelers must pay at the airport. Canadian citizens using Canadian passports do not require a visa to enter Guatemala for stays under ninety days. In June 2006, Guatemala entered a “Central America-4 (CA-4) Border Control Agreement” with El Salvador, Honduras, and Nicaragua. Under the terms of the agreement, citizens of the four countries may travel freely across land borders from one of the countries to any of the others without completing entry and exit formalities at immigration checkpoints. U.S. citizens and other eligible foreign nationals, who legally enter any of the four countries, may similarly travel among the four without obtaining additional visas or tourist entry permits for the other three countries. Immigration officials at the first port of entry determine the length of stay, up to a maximum period of 90 days.
Please note obtaining a visa is your responsibility. These requirements change often and therefore it is best that you check with the Embassy of Guatemala for the most up to date information.
HEALTHHealth insurance is required. Medical facilities are poor quality and not widespread. We recommend that you see a health-care provider who specializes in Travel Medicine. The doctor or health-care provider will determine what vaccinations and medication you will need, depending on factors such as your health and immunization history, areas of the country you will be visiting, and planned activities. For more information on travel requirements, visit the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) website: http://wwwn.cdc.gov/travel/destinations/guatemala.aspx COUNTRY INFOCapital: Guatemala City. Government: Republic. Gained independence from Spain in 1821. Language: The official language is Spanish. There are also 22 indigenous languages. Religion: About 60% of the population are Catholic. Most of the remaining population are Protestant. Some indigenous communities hold services combining Catholicism with pre-Columbian rites. Time: GMT - 6. Electricity: 115-125 volts AC, 60Hz. There are some regional variations. Plugs are the flat two-pin American type. Telephone: Country code: 502. Most public phone booths accept phone cards. Mobile Telephone: Roaming agreements exist with some international mobile phone companies. Coverage is increasing. Internet: Internet cafes are available in the main tourist areas.
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Please enter a destination
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New York, and Maryland, and several from Ohio, Indiana, and Pennsylvania. I learn too that Sheridan's and Wilson's cavalry are encamped on Bland's farm, just south of Jordan's Point, and many of the men seen about the wharf might have belonged to them. The probabilities are that they are troops bound for Washington, and if Hunter is brought up the Ohio and around by railroad Early may be opposed by a force too large for him to manage. As soon as I ascertain more definitely I will send to apprise [Early] that he may be on his guard. The troops referred to will have passed the mouth of the Potomac to-day. There are letters from nearly all the corps of Grant's army published in the Herald of the 4th, showing they were here as late as the 2nd.
Most respectfully, your obedient servant,
R. E. LEE,
JULY 10, 1864--7 p. m.
GENERAL: General Ramseur reports a body of several hundred cavalry following and annoying him. Send word to Gordon and also to Echols and let them picket well. Let a battery be sent to Gordon to-night to be placed in position commanding the road from Frederick. Let him also put out pickets covering our wagon trains. Let Echols picket well on his flanks o as to cover us on the north, and picket strongly the road from Germantown, which I showed you.
J. A. EARLY,
HEADQUARTERS VALLEY DISTRICT,
July 10, 1864.
Major-General BRECKINRIDGE, Commanding, &c.:
GENERAL: The following is the order of march for to-morrow: First, Rodes' division moves in advance at 3. 30 a. m. General Long will send a battery of artillery to follow his advance brigade, and the rest of the battalion of artillery will follow the division. Second, Ramseur follows this battalion of artillery. General Long will send another battalion after him. Third, Gordon follows next after the second battalion of Long's artillery. Fourth, the wagon trains come next, and fifth, the rear is to be brought up by Echols' division, which will be accompanied by Colonel King's battalion of artillery, one battery coming just in rear of the last brigade.
By order of Lieutenant-General Early:
A. S. PENDLETON,
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF NORTHERN VIRGINIA,
July 11, 1864.
His Excellency JEFFERSON DAVIS,
President of the Confederate States:
Mr. PRESIDENT: As far as can be ascertained from information received from deserters, prisoners, scouts, and citizens the force that
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When I woke up on Monday, my head felt a size too big. (No, not from the New Orleans Wine and Food Experience -- that was Saturday.) I was throbbing in a way that must be like the morning after a nose job, but there was no hope of an improved profile to come: It was a case of allergies, pure and simple.
Back at work Tuesday, it was time for a little research on indoor air quality and allergies.
Maybe some of the tips I turned up will save you from a similar experience. Some you've likely heard before, such as using high-performance filters in your air-conditioning system and changing them frequently, using exhaust fans in bathrooms, and sealing around windows, vents, skylights and chimneys to avoid moisture that can lead to mold.
Mold seems to be public enemy No. 1. Consumer Reports magazine advises removing cover plates for cable, phone and Internet connections and peering behind walls to check for mold, as well as checking around windows and carpets.
If mold covers less than 10 square feet, it says, treat with a solution of 1 cup of bleach per gallon of water, wearing a disposable respirator, goggles and heavy-duty gloves. Consumer Reports does not recommend the mold tests sold at home centers or online, based on recent tests that showed significant flaws in them.
Here are some other ideas for keeping allergens at bay:
Leave your shoes at the front door so you don't track allergens inside.
Remove allergy-causing plants from your landscape.
Block dust mites by covering mattresses, box springs and pillows with special casings; launder bedding at 140 degrees.
Use high gloss, washable paint with mold inhibitor in bathrooms.
Increase air flow by moving furniture away from walls and opening closet doors.
Use HEPA-filter vacuum bags.
And, regularly clean:
Blinds and curtains
The grease filter above the stove and refrigerator coils
Gutters and downspouts, to prevent standing water around the house
Pets, to cut down on dander
Sure enough, right there on the bed beside me when I awoke Monday was a big part of the reason for my trouble: Phoenix, my cute little striped ball of feline fur.
I know better. Phoenix is usually banished from the bedroom. But though he occasionally gets in, he doesn't always cause me ill effects. Allergens are like sitting on a seesaw: Everything's fine when the balance is right, but if enough little things add up to upset that balance, you -- and your sinuses -- are pushed over the brink. So remember, every little bit helps.
. . . . . . .
InsideOut Editor Karen Taylor Gist can be reached at firstname.lastname@example.org or 504.826.3467.
NOTHING TO SNEEZE AT
Here's the scoop on two new products that have crossed the InsideOut desk:
Oreck has a new vacuum model that uses UV-C light to kill germs, bacteria, viruses and allergens. The initial idea came from a father of premature triplets who worked at a water-treatment plant, and adapted the UV-C technology used there. See www.oreck.com or call 888.600.4256 for more information about the Halo, priced at $600.
PollenTec window screens aim to let breezes in while keeping pollens out. At $10 per square foot, the cost of material and framing would average about $75 per normal window, it says. See www.PollenTec.com of call 623.780.2400 for more information.
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Up until this week, I felt I was the only person on Earth who hadn’t read Harper Lee’s To Kill a Mockingbird. It was one of my literature-related shames, having a degree in English and all (you can see all the other shameful holes in my reading on my Fill in the Gaps page). Anyway, I knew I had to remedy this one ASAP in honor of the book’s 50th anniversary this year. Though I’d seen the movie (many, many years ago), I only fuzzily recalled the details, so reading this was a fresh experience for me.
The book is often referred to as one of the greatest anti-racism books of all time, but I didn’t read the book that way. At all. Yes, there is a trial in which a black man gets convicted for raping a white woman, even though all evidence points to the contrary. Yes, the trial illuminated the ways of the racist South for Atticus Finch’s children. And yes, there are anti-racist lessons to be learned and overarching themes of acceptance that permeate the book.
But I still didn’t read it as a story about racism.
For one, the trial only takes up about a third of the book. The effects of the trial linger throughout the remaining third of the book, but it is not just a story about how Tom Robinson was falsely accused. No, instead I view TKAM more as a story about growing up and losing one’s innocence. The book covers several years of Scout’s, starting from the time she’s a precocious, defensive little girl in first grade, to the point where she’s nine years old and has more of a grasp of what’s expected of her and how the world works. By the end of the book, Scout and her brother Jem have witnessed some of the hurt caused by the hateful thoughts and actions of other people, and they’ve lost much of their childish innocence.
Honestly, I loved this book. It was well written and well paced; I plowed through the last 50 pages and had to force myself not to get ahead of myself and jump to later passages. Boo Radley, they character Scout and Jem had spent all those years yearning to see, was perfect.
That’s not to say that the book is without its problems. Atticus Finch, much as I loved picturing him as Gregory Peck, was definitely rockin’ the White Savior role (though some might argue that since the book is being told through his young daughter’s eyes, he would naturally seem like a savior figure; I can accept that). There is also a point in the book where he says, “There is no more Ku Klux,” which I stared at for a while and went, “Yeahhh…no.” The black community in the novel is also kind of…off. I don’t want to say that they’re written as stereotypes, because I don’t think that’s completely the case (though they were mostly used as mere plot devices), but they do tend to fawn over Atticus in ways that play up the savior role.
Finally, I want to address this post that was published on stuff white people do, and later on Racialicious. I’d skimmed parts of it when it was first published, but I’d mostly been avoiding all TKAM articles so that I could read the book without any outside influences. Now that I’ve had a chance to go back and read it more closely, I do want to say that I disagree with pretty much everything (mostly because it criticizes the book based on various interpretations of it, rather than the book itself).
However, valid points were made about the ways that this book is taught. On the cover, there’s a statement about how librarians voted TKAM the best novel of the 20th century, and it’s easy to see why: neat themes about big topics. Put yourself in someone else’s shoes. It’s bad to hate, period. You shouldn’t be prejudiced against those who are different than you. What’s not to like about that? The lessons in TKAM are much more obvious (and much easier book to swallow) than, say, The Bluest Eye. But if taught correctly (i.e., with supplementary materials about racism written by those who actually experienced it)–and taught in a way that doesn’t merely present racism as a bad thing that happened a long time ago to black people, but rather as something that is still alive and well now–the book still has the power to serve as a valuable tool.
To Kill a Mockingbird was first printed in 1960. I read the 50th anniversary edition from Harper Books, an imprint of HarperCollins.
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Avoid unnecessary Christmas trip to hospital
In anticipation of heavy volumes at area hospital emergency departments over the holidays, Interior Health is reminding the public to take a few simple steps to avoid unnecessary trips to the hospital.
For non-urgent care during office hours, call your family doctor or the doctor on call for the practice or clinic.
Consider going to a local walk-in clinic. Call ahead to check the clinic’s hours.
Try to see your doctor before the holidays, if you have any developing health concerns.
Note the holiday hours of your local pharmacy or drug store, and ensure your prescriptions are up to date and filled prior to the holidays.
Call HealthLink BC at 811 for confidential health information and non-emergency services 24 hours a day, seven days a week. For deaf and hearing-impaired assistance (TTY), call 711.
If you are concerned about a possible poisoning or exposure to a toxic substance, call Poison Control at 1-800-567-8911.
If at any time you feel that you require urgent medical attention, do not hesitate to go to the emergency department or call emergency services at 911.
Other tips for staying safe and healthy:
• Wash your hands often with soap and water, or use an alcohol-based hand rub
• Get a flu shot
• Ensure your prescriptions are filled in advance, follow dosage directions and remember to keep your medications with you while traveling
• Get regular exercise and eat nutritious foods
• Everything in moderation, including alcohol
• Keep activities fun and safe
• Take care driving and avoid taking risks with the weather.
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To support relevant professionals to provide Let’s Read resources and early literacy information to families, every professional involved in the delivery of the Let’s Read program is provided with training.
This training is aimed at providing professions with support to:
Better understand the Let’s Read framework
Become familiar with the Let’s Read materials and resources
Develop the skills and confidence to model Let’s Read strategies with families and support emergent literacy skills in children.
Use a strength-based approach to engage families on the importance of early literacy development
For professionals in Let’s Read communities who are interested in Let’s Read Training contact us.
Online training for professionals will become available in 2013.
Read more about Let's Read online training here.
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A new training program, “Using Tablets in Your Business,” from the Arkansas Small Business and Technology Development Center at UALR will help area small business owners learn how to incorporate tablet technology into their everyday business practices at 6 p.m. Thursday, Feb. 9, at the UALR Reynolds Business Center.
Utilizing a state-of-the-art iPad 2 lab, ASBTDC will train entrepreneurs on tablet navigation, the use of built-in and downloadable “apps,” and demonstrate practical ways to process invoices in the field, play videos, teleconference with employees and customers, and more.
Due to the hands-on nature of the training, space is limited. For the seminar’s roll out, ASBTDC will offer the program twice Feb. 9. The afternoon session is already full, but seats are still available for the 6 – 9 p.m. class.
Registration is required to attend ASBTDC seminars. For more information, call 501-683-7700 or visit the ASBTDC website.
“Most small businesses don’t have an IT (information technology) department to keep them up to speed on every new device and app, and it’s easy to be intimidated and overwhelmed by the changing technology,” ASBTDC State Director Janet Roderick said. “Through hands-on training and one-on-one consulting, we hope to alleviate the ‘fear factor’ for small businesses.”
To complement the training, ASBTDC business consultants are available to help current or prospective small business owners interested in using tablet applications in their business operations, including sales and online marketing. ASBTDC has also launched the ASBTDC Blog to provide media tablet and mobile marketing tips through videos and best practices step-by-step guides.
The tablet seminar is the first of 25 hands-on training sessions ASBTDC plans to conduct this year in Pulaski County as part of a special project funded by the U.S. Small Business Administration.
The ASBTDC program is a partnership of the SBA and the UALR College of Business. The program assists startups, existing businesses, expanding businesses, and innovation-based businesses statewide.
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Editor's note: Each month, Inside the Middle East takes you behind the headlines to see a different side of this diverse region. Follow us on on Twitter: Presenter Rima Maktabi: @rimamaktabi, producer Jon Jensen: @jonjensen, digital producer Mairi Mackay @mairicnn and writer Cat Davies @catrionadavies
(CNN) -- Yasser Jad has a dream to open a fine dining cookery school in Saudi Arabia.
He founded the Saudi Arabian Chefs Association three years ago to create a network among his country's best cooks and encourage them to improve their skills and now has 270 members.
But he believes there's more to do in developing fine dining.
Jad himself trained at Le Cordon Bleu in Paris and is now in charge of in-flight catering at Saudi Arabian Airlines.
"Most Saudi chefs begin without proper training," said Jad. "We have some courses but they don't take people to the level they need.
"As a result young chefs aren't surviving long in the market. They are leaving the industry after two or three years because they don't get paid a lot and the competition is so high.
"I wish everybody could have proper training."
Saudi Arabia's food scene is quickly becoming more varied -- and healthier -- as it incorporates influences from around the world, Jad said.
"Saudis have traditionally eaten too much lamb and not enough salad or vegetables," he said. "But that's changing. People are mixing more ingredients with influences from Asia, North America, the Mediterranean and all over the Middle East."
Jad appeared as a judge on the Middle Eastern version of the American reality show Top Chef when it was launched by LBC, the Lebanese broadcaster, last year.
The winner of the series was Omar El Ghoul, a Moroccan-born chef who works in Saudi Arabia as executive chef at Delifrance, the international bakery chain.
The prominence of fast food franchises is one of the issues that bothers Emanuele Esposito, an Italian chef who has worked in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, for six years.
"The country has developed a lot in food and hospitality, but there's still a lot of American influence and fast food," said Esposito.
"There are four million people in Jeddah and only two or three fine dining restaurants, but probably 100 branches of fast food franchises."
Like Jad, Esposito wants to open a hospitality school to help develop young chefs.
"A lot of the younger Saudis want to improve their skills," said Esposito. "I'm working with the Chamber of Commerce in Jeddah, but it takes time. Hopefully we will open later this year."
Esposito is executive chef at Il Villagio Restaurant in Jeddah, which was Highly Commended in the Fine Dining Restaurant Category of last year's Saudi Excellence in Tourism Awards.
When Esposito first moved to Saudi Arabia, he only planned to stay a couple of years, but six years later he has no plans to leave.
"There are more restaurants opening all the time. Alongside the Saudi and Middle Eastern restaurants, there are Italian restaurants and Japanese has really taken off in the last few years."
One person taking advantage of that boom is food lover Rashed Islam. He started a food blog in 2006 and developed it into full eating out website called JeddahFood.com in 2008.
He now has 56,000 Facebook followers, almost 14,000 registered users, 31,000 unique monthly users and 28,000 downloads of his iPhone app.
The website, which has a recently launched Riyadh version, RiyadhEats.com, provides restaurant listings, news and user reviews.
"I love eating and entertainment in Saudi is quite limited, so dining out became important for me socially," said Islam, 29.
"Before we launched, Saudi Arabia didn't have any forum for people to review and recommend restaurants."
Islam, who employs a staff of six, says Jeddah has a vibrant restaurant scene with foods from all around the world.
"It's a multi-cultural city and the gateway to Mecca and Medina, which shows in the food," he said. "From sushi to Indonesian, Italian and Lebanese food, it mirrors a lot of the trends from Paris, London and New York."
Islam's favourite food, however, is from closer to home, the Arabic dish of ful medames, made from mashed fava beans with olive oil, chopped parsley, onion, garlic and lemon juice.
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Free plug-in encrypts content, authenticates users
- — 05 October, 2007 08:48
Kryptiva this week announced an encryption product designed to secure e-mail communications from the sender's desktop to the recipient's in-box.
Called Email Encryption Architecture and available as a free download from Kryptiva's site, the software works with any e-mail system to authenticate users and encrypt content, according to company officials. With this free download, Kryptiva hopes to change the minds of enterprises whose executives believe that e-mail encryption is too expensive and difficult to deploy.
The Email Encryption Architecture, based on RSA 1024 and AES 128 encryption technology, incorporates into client e-mail interfaces and doesn't require recipients to publish keys or certificates ahead of time, officials say.
The new product includes Kryptiva Packaging Plugin that resides with client e-mail systems, and the Kryptiva Packaging Server that is installed on a network server and integrates with an organization's directory services to package an e-mail before it is sent for authentication, encryption and proof of delivery, officials say. The server then returns the packaged e-mail to the client plug-in and is sent into the outbound mail stream.
On the receiving end, the plug-in confirms with the local server that the recipient attempting to open the e-mail is the intended one. The Kryptiva Online Services help the plug-in authenticate inbound e-mail and process proof of delivery.
The Email Encryption Architecture plug-in is available for free download, as is the server software once a company completes the activation process, which includes obtaining an SSL certificate for Kryptiva to validate the company's identity and location.
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China's obsession with using cosmetic surgery to enhance body image raises bigger, more important questions.
Going under the knife to change your look is big business in China. Often clinics offer services based on Western ideals of beauty and run advertisements using Caucasian, rather than Chinese models.
Anecdotal evidence suggests eye-lid surgeries, nose jobs, skin lightening procedures, and body-lengthening surgeries have been most popular.
Looking "less Asian" is the newest craze in China and some other Asian countries. But as demand has grown, so have the risks.
Chinese Super Girl beauty Wang Bei, 24, recently died during "facial bone-grinding surgery."
Why would such a famous and attractive star (who had won the Chinese equivalent of American Idol) opt for plastic surgery? That Wang even felt she needed to improve her looks has underlined the extent to which cosmetic surgery has taken hold.
If being born Asian is making young men and women think they are "racially inferior," then restrictions should be placed on what it takes to go under the knife for beauty enhancement. Moreover, schooling and parenting should include new and better ways to promote self-esteem. But that's just my opinion.
How do you feel about plastic surgery for personal beauty? Share your thoughts in the comments section below:
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My fondness for infographics increases every time I come across another one that demonstrates perfectly just why they’re such effective means of conveying key information and messages in the web 2.0 environment. This morning I’ve stumbled upon two excellent ones over at Soshable (always a good blog to check out for re-posted infographics – finger on the pulse so to speak…) which I reckon are really worth a look.
The first is called ‘A world without Facebook’, by Singlegrain, and offers a pretty general summary of the Facebook phenomenon in nicely presented figures and charts – ideal for getting a good overview of the network in a global and historical context. Essentially it’s just an intro to Facebook 2011, but see how the title provides a nice hook/angle by asking us to consider an interesting hypothetical scenario. Meanwhile, a little intro sentence and group of key questions lead in to the actual meat of the data thus enabling us to absorb it actively as rather than as simply disconnected arbitrary numbers. Check it out:
If you like that, you’ll probably also enjoy the ‘World without Google’ infographic (also from SingleGrain). This one is less numbers based, instead offering more complex text-based info. Nice use of colours and thought maps to help visualise some complex abstract functions and relationships:
Very nice indeed. If you were in any doubt about just how you can present different types and quantities of information using the infographic format, then these two provide excellent examples of the various design and typographic techniques available. Finally, here’s another one, this time from Master-Degree-Online, outlining the differing levels of work and pay that teaching involves around the world. It’s probably at the upper limit of appropriate length for an infographic, and I’ve included it mainly for the way that different data sets (e.g. relative class sizes vs. monetary spend per pupil) are clearly and effectively contrasted. Visually making such info accessible is actually a massive challenge and these guys make it look easy:
Well, this is already turning into quite a long post (bet you wish you still had that scroll-wheel mouse eh?) – I won’t clutter it with too much more text. Suffice it to say that the infographic is fast becoming an essential format of Web 2.0, and one which has fantastic potential for both internal business communications and wider external ones across the blogosphere, social media and web in general. These three examples all indicate the current styles and approaches which can be effective, as well as offering a nice quick overview of some potentially complex data. (N.B. You might have noticed that all three have been designed by oBizMedia.com – so it would be only fair to give them their due – well done peeps, we’re enjoying your work over here at etonDIGITAL!)
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From: yochanan bitan-buth (ButhFam@compuserve.com)
Date: Fri Nov 24 2000 - 00:29:39 EST
>... We use "Greek to Me" by Lyle Story for our first-year Greek course,
>here at Multnomah. If the mnemonic system therein employed works for a
>great...if not, we have them chuck it. There are many kinds of memory,
and many systems
>or methods to make use of these kinds. If you haven't seen this book, and
>accompanying vocabulary cards, it would be well worth your while to get
>. . .
>Yes, I am aware of some of the techniques; however, it is also clear that
they are not
>usable by all persons. Even though there are memory "gurus" out there in
>place, who insist that anyone can be so taught, I have not seen convincing
>. . .
>Of course, this sounds as though there are only two methods: rote and
>mnemonics. However, neither is the primary method by which one learns a
>language. That is done by a combination of rote and usage. As far as I
>children do not obtain language fluency through the visual/analogical
>through memorizing sounds and constant exposure to those sounds in the
>. . .
>Of course, yes, I am familiar with the discipline. And, I think that you
will find this
>is true of most language teachers. Some of us choose not to use the
methods, because we
>see inherent difficulties in the later progress of students attempting to
>degree of fluency and style in the language. Although, as I have said, it
does work for
>some students, and it works sometimes for some others. I am not opposed
to the method
>per se, but have never found it to be extremely helpful in any subject
with a group of
>students. But, no, I do not think that Greek is a matter of
>simply a portion of it: if one does not go beyond memorization (by rote,
by analogy, or
>by visualization) to comprehension of form and style, he is spending a lot
of time for
>very little gain other than curiosity.
A couple of points:
1. this is getting to the heart of pedagogy questions.
It is very important to consider what you are trying to do.
Do you want to learn a language?
To think in it?
To process communication fluently in it?
If so, then some of the memory techniques mentioned above are probably
off-target and not recommended, for example, when learning modern
languages. You want words 'wired' to other words within the target
language, not to another language and trick phrases.
2. There is something of an internal contradiction in Daniel's methods. The
Lyle Storey approach is a 'memory trick technique' that would fit those
kinds that tend to be neglected by modern language teachers, by choice.
a bottom line would be to ask oneself,
does the technique feel natural,
does it lead you inside the language or is it something designed to allow
you to stay outside, in another language?
B-Greek home page: http://metalab.unc.edu/bgreek
You are currently subscribed to b-greek as: [email@example.com]
To unsubscribe, forward this message to leave-b-greek-327Q@franklin.oit.unc.edu
To subscribe, send a message to firstname.lastname@example.org
This archive was generated by hypermail 2.1.4 : Sat Apr 20 2002 - 15:36:42 EDT
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Certification in the ‘Net Economy
Some administrators want you to believe that certification is not important anymore. Certain managers are looking for employees with experience, not certifications. However, certification can provide employers with a basis for determining if job applicants have the required skills.
With rapidly changing technology and the increasing need for qualified employees, taking classes to learn about new technologies is generally preferred to employees testing their knowledge and skills on the corporate network. For example, certification ensures the complexities of transitioning a company to an e-business environment are performed correctly and effectively.
A common belief in the IT industry is that holding certifications covering a wide range of skills and vendors will make a person more marketable and better equipped to handle challenges. Becoming certified can also enhance one’s career, as well as increasing salaries. Additionally, companies recognize a rapid return on investment (ROI), often in less than nine months, from the investment made to certify their employees. This indicates certification is not valueless, but actually empowers the company that employs certified professionals.
What differentiates certificate holders with experience from certificate holders without experience? The answer is hands-on testing. Most IT companies only have the capability to test candidates using a written test. While this may test a person’s knowledge, it is not always adequate in testing their experience and ability to resolve issues.
Currently, two companies, Cisco and Novell, provide hands-on testing. The CCIE has a multiple-choice, computer-based qualification exam. Once a candidate passes this exam, they qualify to take a two-day lab exam. This certification qualifies an individual’s networking skills at the expert level.
Novell has a similar certification, the Certified Directory Engineer (CDE). This unique certification combines typical testing procedures of written tests with a hands-on exam, which leverages the ‘Net to connect to remote servers to solve complex directory issues. The candidate is given two hours to complete specific objectives and to resolve all issues.
Novell will soon introduce another innovative way to deliver exams. Practical testing will soon be delivered by running multiple operating systems concurrently on a standard desktop PC using “virtual machines.” This new technology uses standard, unmodified operating systems isolated in individual windows and monitored by virtual machines.
Multiple virtual machines can run side-by-side. For example, users can simultaneously run Windows 98, Windows 2000 and Linux. Standard applications still work with this configuration and are portable across Intel platforms. Sharing files is done the same as on any PC. Files can be cut and pasted between virtual machines on the host computer. And new operating systems can by added without repartitioning the hard drive.
Each virtual machine acts as a separate machine, running virtual devices such as IDE and SCSI drives, parallel and serial ports and sound and video cards. Virtual networking, consisting of bridge networking and host-only networking, is also possible, allowing each machine to have its own network address. This new approach to test delivery will allow the hands-on exam, which consists of five servers and one workstation, all to be on one machine, connected in a simulated, networked environment.
The testing will be the same. The candidate will access the servers remotely, solve directory issues and complete specific objectives. This new technology eliminates slow connection speeds, limited test availability, international taxes and costs of using multiple machines to deliver one test. Plus, candidates can now be tested on any platform, as well as almost any application.
Novell’s practical testing will now allow hands-on testing for any certification program to administer exams. What does this mean? No more paper certifications!
Nancy Seamons is the CDE program manager for Novell Education. She can be reached at (800) 861-8248 or by e-mail at firstname.lastname@example.org.
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We’ve been wondering what computer scientist Gary Flake has been up to ever since we discovered his new startup company, Clipboard. Now, Flake, a former technical fellow at Microsoft who previously ran the company’s Live Labs research group, is taking the wraps off the new service.
And so what’s Clipboard all about?
Basically, it allows users to save parts of Web pages, blowing past traditional screen grab technologies.
“With Clipboard, you activate our clipper from your browser’s bookmark bar and then click on what you want,” writes Flake in a blog post. “That’s it. You can optionally annotate, tag, organize, share, and search your clips, but the core steps remains the same: Click and save.”
There’s no shortage of companies which have tried to tackle this problem in the past, including a new entrant by the name of Highlighter which graduated last year from TechStars Seattle. It too allows individuals to highlight portions of Web pages, and then save the information to a centralized spot with notes and annotations.
“There are certainly a lot of new (and old) services that focus on saving parts of the Web, but I think that this is a sign that the area is both important yet underserved,”Flake tells GeekWire. ”That said, I believe that Clipboard has a pretty unique solution compared to others.”
For example, Flake — who prior to Microsoft ran the research groups at Yahoo and Overture Services — says that Clipboard maintains a lot of the same functionality of the original source. That means a clip of a stock chart or map can maintain its interactive features, including links.
I’ve been playing around with the service this morning, and it is pretty slick. One thing I’d like to see is the ability to increase or decrease the size of the clip. But I am pretty interested in where this is headed, and have enclosed some examples of how this can be used below.
Also, clips mirror the original Web page so closely that I wondered how copyright holders would feel about it. Flake said he’s aware of that potential hurdle, adding that they are being extra careful on copyrights.
Clipboard, which raised $1.3 million earlier this year, employs five people.
“We optimized for fidelity, functionality, portability, and sharing,” says Flake. “It’s an admittedly crowded space, but I am pretty sure that our approach is actually quite distinctive.”
Check out this clip that I made of Todd Bishop’s recent story about the iPhone 4s launch, and note that links and images are preserved.
It gets even better. Check out this clip where the actual video from Todd Bishop’s story on the Amazon locker system is included.
|
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People visit a lantern show to celebrate the Spring Festival on February 17, 2013 in Guangzhou, China. The Chinese Lunar New Year of Snake also known as the Spring Festival, which is based on the Lunisolar Chinese calendar, is celebrated from the first day of the first month of the lunar year and ends with Lantern Festival on the Fifteenth day.
The Chinese New Year celebration ends on the 15th day of the lunar new year. The Lantern Festival draws the cultural holiday to a harmonious close.
Although the actual date this year was last Sunday, Feb. 24, the Chinese American Museum will still host its 12th annual Lantern Festival this Saturday, March 2 in Los Angeles. Admission is free.
Michael Truong, education programs manager of the Chinese American Museum, says that the festival is an educational tool to make Chinese culture accessible to the public. It allows the community to learn and appreciate the history, traditions and customs of this Chinese holiday, Truong said.
Truong says that the event is a cultural celebration to close out the new year. The San Gabriel Valley and Chinatown have already had luna celebrations during the two-week holiday, so "we feel that the Lantern Festival is a way to commemorate the ending of the New Year," Troung said.
The Lantern Festival's history and origins have many interpretations. According to ancient mythology, a villager had accidentally killed the favorite phoenix that belonged to the god, Jade Emperor of Heaven, Truong says. This prompted him to destroy the village on the 15th day of the new year.
One villager suggested lighting lanterns, so on the 15th day, the villagers lit thousands of lanterns. When the god looked down from heaven, he thought the village was already on fire and decided to spare the villagers' lives — thus came a yearly celebration of the anniversary of the villagers' survival. Truong says the Lantern Festival lights the way to a prosperous new year.
UC Irvine History Professor Yong Chen gives another interpretation. He says that the Lantern Festival is on the 15th day for both Buddhist and Taoist religious reasons.
Buddhists worship Buddha on the 15th, while Taoists worship an important god on the 15th. Both religions use red lanterns to observe the tradition. "Red is also an auspicious, festive and cheerful color," Chen said.
He added that on the 15th day of the lunar year is a full moon, which signifies that the spring season has arrived. This is a time when the planting season begins and people pray for good harvest, Chen said.
People also want to celebrate under the full moon. The red lanterns "help light up the village, because in ancient times, there was no electricity," Chen said.
The Lantern Festival is from 12 p.m. to 7 p.m. Saturday, March 2. It will include various festivities and "encompass all parts of the culture," Truong says. Here are the four main parts of the event:
There will be over 20 stage performances every hour on the hour from 12 p.m. to 6 p.m., including lion dances, Chinese folk dances and magic shows. The Silver Dragon stage performance will end the night.
Arts and Crafts
Arts and crafts are also a big part of the festival. There will be 14 workshops teaching how to make various Chinese-themed arts and crafts, including abacus making, red envelope making, kite making and — of course — lantern making. The workshops are taught by volunteers. The museum staff trains the volunteers on how to make the arts and crafts, who in turn teach the public.
The Chinese American Museum will have extended hours until 7 p.m. for visitors. Currently, there are three main exhibits featured at the museum.
Want to make your own lantern? Here's a step-by-step guide:
1. Get a sheet of construction paper.
2. Make a drawing.
3. Fold the paper in half lengthwise.
4. Cut strips about 1/2 inch apart.
5. Unfold the paper.
6. Tape the edges together.
Here is your final product!
The Chinese American Museum has more than 35,000 visitors a year. The historic building is one of the only existing buildings from Old Chinatown, as opposed to the Chinatown we know today.
The museum is located across from Union Station and south of Olvera Street. Check out our map below:
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Paul Fussell, who died on May 23, would have been among the first to point out that mourning the death of an 88 year old is not a great use of your time, especially if that 88 year old led a full life that included children and professorships, a National Book Award and a bronze star. Fussell himself spent most of his life engaged in a more pointed act of mourning, for the living as well as the dead of the great wars. He was a clever and prolific critic, but it was the emotional intensity of his writing—his fierce insistence that literature cannot be divorced from life—that has caused many of us who never met him to mourn the loss of a teacher.
Fussell’s first twenty years of innocence were partitioned from the rest by a shell that burst on March 15, 1945 on the edge of a wood in Eastern France, riddling him with shrapnel and killing the two men beside him (one of them Sgt. Edward Hudson, who had guided and protected Fussell). Afterward, Fussell was quick to put combat behind him, like many GIs of his generation, and get on with civilian life, which for him involved a return to college, then graduate school, and then an academic career in 18th century English literature. Following his graduation from Pomona and Harvard, Fussell taught at Rutgers and then the University of Pennsylvania. He produced several good scholarly books, including a freewheeling study of Samuel Johnson and a prosody handbook notable for being readable as well as useful.
Then, in 1975, came The Great War and Modern Memory, Fussell’s angry, learned masterpiece. A hybrid of cultural history and literary criticism, about the British experience on the Western Front and the many wonderful books that came out of it, the book has an almost uncanny ability to engage the reader. The material—the euphoria of 1914 and the shattering absurdity of what followed, and the poetry and memoirs produced by the survivors and victims—is powerful, but it’s Fussell who pulls those narratives together to create a persuasive, tragic world, with not one but several sympathetic young writer protagonists. But The Great War and Modern Memory doesn’t indulge its (mostly college-aged) readers’ shallow fascination with combat: it is the lifeline by which gore- and glory-besotted youths (and grownups) can haul themselves out of the slough of sentimentalism and obfuscation they often wallow in when it comes to imagining war.
To write The Great War, Fussell read every British war memoir of note and then churned through the archives of the Imperial War Museum, adding the voices of scores of Tommies to those of the famous war writers, among whom Robert Graves, Siegfried Sassoon, and Edmund Blunden loom the largest. The book traffics in higher literary criticism but is also crammed full of the demotic myths and rituals of the “Troglodyte World” of the trenches, so you catch the chill of the dawn, and stand-to and hear the tales of the corpse-eating rats from both poets and postcard writers. You learn a lot about how soldiers lived and also about how shockingly unexpected their experience was, not only in its unheroic misery but also in the amount of dissimulation, stupidity, and sheer incompetence they encountered. Fussell’s story of the Great War is of industrialized horror and bureaucratic mendaciousness rendering vocabularies and imaginations inadequate, and permanently scathed.
Fussell never returned to his earlier work. Instead he entered a second phase of his career, during which he produced a very good memoir (Doing Battle) and two excellent, if repetitive, cultural histories of American soldiers’ experience of World War II (Wartime and The Boys’ Crusade). His Norton anthologies of war and travel writing are the best of their kinds, and a couple of nasty, amusing books of half-tongue-in-cheek cultural criticism (Bad and Class) earned him a wide new readership. Class mocks both déclassé American awfulness in matters of dress and decoration as well as the sort of cultural criticism it was itself aping, while Bad amounts to a very learned and very sustained après moi le déluge comic rant. Fussell enjoyed batting away the offended responses to Class’s mocking delineation of American signifiers, not least because the author’s note made it clear that he considered the book to be unserious, and therefore the offense-takers were guilty of being lousy readers.
Throughout these metamorphoses, Fussell’s trenchant aphoristic force remained. “Irony is the attendant of hope, and the fuel of hope is innocence.” “Americans have never understood, God bless them, that the cowardly are wounded as readily as the brave.” He loved what he loved (irony and honesty, the more corrosive the better), hated what he hated (cant, piety, navel-gazing, the middle class), and had a knack for snappy chapter titles (“Ernest Hemingway, Semi-Weirdo,” “Chickenshit, An Anatomy”). Unnecessarily fond of rankings himself, Fussell probably would have admitted that he was only an upper-middle-class humorist, which is still pretty damn funny for an academic. Although Fussell was somewhat old-fashioned in rigorously separating the light from the serious, he defended both his legacy and his by-blows with similarly rebarbative wit. When an ex-Marine responded with shocked denial to Fussell’s matter-of-fact description of American atrocities in the Pacific War (in an essay reprinted in the collection Thank God for the Atom Bomb), Fussell not only piled on the evidence that it had been widely seen as acceptable to hack up the bodies of dead Japanese soldiers but also provided the address of a Buddhist priest for anyone who might care to return their “souvenirs” for burial. He liked to win arguments in a way that might cause his readers to have trouble sleeping that night.
The Great War’s central insight is that “every war is ironic because every war is worse than expected.” Its central image is the Virgin of Albert, a steeple-top statue damaged by shellfire so that she appeared to be hurling the infant Christ into the desolation below. To some degree, each of Fussell’s shell-shocked subjects tells his own version of a story of boyhood, combat, and literary coping, usually through the transmutation of situational into literary irony. For Graves, the idiot snobbery of the regular battalion he joined as a slovenly teenage poet triggered a theater of the absurd, with every knave rewarded, all optimism crushed. Sassoon wrote a lightly fictionalized autobiography that dealt only in stark polarities, providing a whole volume of pre-war idyll—largely depicting “George Sherston” galloping through the English countryside in pursuit of trophies or foxes—to contrast with the wretchedness of the dismounted Sherston’s progress through the shattered landscape of the Somme. These antitheses—between the sanity of peace and the insanity of the war, the love of comrades-in-arms and the callousness of generals—are slowly and deliberately drawn, but hardly less extreme than Sassoon’s poetic fantasy that tanks might overrun the laughing music hall crowds back home. Best of all is Blunden, the unforgettable “harmless young shepherd in a soldier’s coat,” who, as this self-description suggests, fought off two years of service in the trenches with nothing more than the largely floral image arsenal of English pastoral poetry. Blunden insisted upon writing beautifully about ugliness, handling the wrecked land and unnatural death and disaster with gentle irony.
Through all of this, Fussell, who loved tragedy and black comedy alike, is an engaging guide and companion. Despite his emotional investment, he remains a good critic, and is particularly persuasive in his praise, in pointing out that Graves’s memoir relies on “playlets” with “all the black-and-white immediacy of cartoons with captions” or calling Blunden’s retreat in his last sentence from the “I” of the memoirist “that objective distancing, that tender withdrawing vision of a terribly vulnerable third-person.” There are few books that cover so much ground so well, giving context and criticism for a fine and harrowing shelf-full of literature— and a jeremiad on war and human stupidity, too.
Fussell’s inability to completely separate his own war experience from his writing is why The Great War and Modern Memory isn’t just an “important book in the field.” For the college students who most often read it, the realization that the authorial voice is both that of a middle-aged professor and a formerly angry young soldier makes it suddenly OK to acknowledge what’s really (almost always) going on: that the lure of the subject has a lot to do with that alternate, unlived life. Fussell lets you live in that shameful but true ambiguity of very much wanting to have known these experiences and knowing very well that you don’t ever want to be shelled, and shot at, and lie in a dugout miserable with lice and filth and fear. Many readers, surely, have found themselves dragooned into the world of the book, wanting to take part in the soldiers’ pervasive mythologizing or their intense and semi-eroticized friendships; then, taking a brief breather, they have flipped back to the beginning and notice for the first time that the book is dedicated to Sgt. Hudson, “killed beside me in France.”
This dedication, along with the profanity and the sexual and scatological frankness, punctures the adolescent bubble, the unexamined conviction that older people are in some way fastidious, remote, and safe. An old professor can tell a 20-year-old how he should read the angry oppositions of Sassoon or Wilfred Owen’s reconfigured passions, but only an angry 20-year-old, his rage severely legitimated by his own war, can serve as such an efficient conductor of the enthusiasms and disillusionments of youth over the span of a century. Just as Fussell read his precursors, so college kids that read Fussell can imagine themselves stalking around a combat zone with the awkward aggression of Graves, or quietly observing manifold horrors through the sweet and sensible eyes of Blunden. This is a strange and distasteful habit of youth, perhaps, but in this case it comes with the significant side benefit of having your eyes opened to both the English canon and the centrality to modern experience of split or ironic subjectivity. War does not make us the men—and now women—we thought we’d be. If we’re lucky enough to survive, though, it might make us more aware of the gulfs between intention and action, action and meaning.
As cultural history, The Great War is limited and unrepresentative, of course, dominated as it is by those well-groomed young literary British officers. And Fussell shares their biases, which makes him a bit unreliable as a military historian. He rages against the dull old men who sent beautiful young poets to die in unnecessary and unimaginative assaults, ignoring both the slow yet significant proving of tactical innovation and the more positive view of general officers held by many non-poetical subalterns. But who, other than the maps and arrows crowd, cares more about the operational breakthroughs that helped make the Allies’ final advance possible than about the fact that it killed Owen only a week before the Armistice? And while as literary criticism the book is dated (Fussell himself later offered the opinion that it could have done with less Northrop Frye), The Great War is directed at the type of readers who might prefer it that way, innocent of the carefully triangulated critical style that later came into vogue, with its evocations of authors’ various “negotiations” and “positionings.”
The well-informed may have their complaints, but the great virtue of The Great War is as a point of entry. It’s about many things: “Boy Fussell” “having his ass shot off” (as he delicately put it), reading-then-living-then-using-your-reading-to-write-about-living, as well as Vietnam, which raged on as Fussell wrote. Most scholarly books keep one “meaning” in the foreground and take you on a disciplined guided tour, trekking straight back through their bibliographic past until the subject matter itself is sighted. This one is a long shot and a starburst: a primer in war and anger and the poetry that comes after; although Owen, Blunden, Graves, and Sassoon are the heart of the book, the body sprawls in every direction. In the course of nine thematic chapters you live and relive the events of 1916 and 1917 in a few cramped miles of trenches; you also stumble upon the chivalrous adventures and flowery poetry the soldier-writers read in their youth, as well as the early war poetry of Rupert Brooke, which had at least one-and-a-half feet in that tradition. Thomas Hardy, of all people, appears at the very beginning and returns from time to time, a sort of Gandalf for the fellowship of much younger writers. Fussell suggests that Hardy could have written the war, starting with something like Brooke’s mildly ridiculous “swimmers into cleanness leaping,” and then sledgehammering the irony home with the same soldier lads drowning in the liquid mud of Passchendaele in 1917. By the final chapter you come to realize that you have been seeing World War I through the eyes of World War II—not only Fussell’s, but his critical engagement with the writing of Vonnegut, Heller, and others. Phillip Larkin’s “never such innocence again” helps sets the stage early on while Pynchon, last but not least, closes out the book with a new twist on memory. So instead of stumbling on Pynchon through the hippie hijinks of Lot 49, or simply as one member of the long-winded PoMo posse, you’re plunged into an appreciation of his more fundamental powers, tasting his uncanny evocation of the dark morass of the Second War along with Brigadier Pudding, a remnant and revenant of the First.
Even for the very well-read, Fussell’s books are to be recommended for the density and diversity of the information found within. You learn that combat soldiers always hate the soldiers on their own side who have found safe jobs much more than they hate the enemy, that you should never put a Popeye statuette on top of the TV, that an officer who succumbs to overwhelming diarrhea while on the march may discover that he has stumbled upon a good way to forge a bond with his men, that Life once printed a picture of a girl staring prettily at the Japanese skull her Marine boyfriend had sent her, that the Great War ruined sunsets for literature, that travel is to be distinguished from tourism, that “fuckin’” was a crucial intensifier during the First World War but “motherfuckin’” arrived only with the Second, that even “naturists” demurely avoid displaying their “least prepossessing external bodily opening,” that the epitaph over the mass grave of the Devonshires near Mansel Copse obliquely references Simonides, and that the only medal esteemed by real soldiers was the Combat Infantryman’s Badge (because all the rest, like Fussell’s bronze star and the silver star awarded to the dead Sgt. Hudson, are more or less the result of fictionalized, even fantastic, narratives generated by military bureaucracy).
It’s possible that Fussell was especially attuned to the havoc war wreaks with meaning, much as it does with everything else, because of the irony attending his own enlistment. As he relates in his memoir, Doing Battle (1996), he was a fat kid, and since high school ROTC got you out of gym class and the humiliation of locker room nudity, he signed up. But being in the ROTC meant that, instead of being drafted and then sorted and schooled according to education and ability, you automatically entered the same arm of service as your ROTC unit, and his high school’s unit happened to be infantry. So the bright and privileged fat boy neither avoided the war, nor found the safer and more suitable desk job that awaited so many of his peers. Instead, commanding a platoon and looking like “a week-old chick,” he got to experience the bitter fighting of the war’s last winter. He killed and nearly was killed, himself. Spared the conclusive irony of dying young, he stumbled upon the words to tell the story of his own 20th-century war in the writings of the first one: the story of any boy among many boys going off to something they hope will be noble but turns out to be so much worse.
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Knowledge for sale - the future of Finnish technology?
Suddenly it seems that everyone is talking about Finland. It holds the European Presidency till the end of the millennium, and to kick off the year 2000, Helsinki is to be European City of Culture. Euroabstracts interviews Martti Mäenpää, Director General of Tekes, the National Technology Agency of Finland(1) to find out how this small peripheral country has grown into a major European player.
Finland has been a full member of the EU since 1995 and was one of the first countries to embrace the euro. How has membership helped Finland and in particular Finnish R&D and technology?
Martti Mäenpää: There are so many facets to European membership it is difficult to answer this simply. Looking at the global stage, it is obvious that, compared to countries such as America, Finland is a small country. As part of the European Union however, we have an opportunity for our voice not only to be heard but also to be taken notice of, particularly when it comes to international trade. The single European market is also important to us. As a member state the trade barriers are minimal - enabling us to export our high-tech products to other member countries with relative ease.
Having long had an economy based on forestry, we also want to play a part in any discussion of environmental issues, and again it is far easier for the European Union to present a united case to the global forum than a host of individual countries.
In terms of R&D and technology, Finland has actually been participating in EU research programmes since as far back as 1987, and has benefited in two major ways. First of course Europe has an R&D budget of its own and participating in its programmes enables Finland to be involved in a much wider research scenario than we could possibly hope to afford on our own. More importantly however, the programmes offer a platform for companies to network and interact. We have found that research collaboration frequently leads on to other forms of international collaboration, for example marketing partnerships, and this is a very tangible benefit in terms of competitiveness.
How did Finland succeed in becoming a world leader in mobile telecommunications given that other, much larger countries, have dedicated finances and resources to the same market?
Martti Mäenpää: People often think that Finland reached this position overnight, but in fact the success is based on years of liberal market policies. For example, the state has never dominated the telecommunication sector in Finland, unlike most European countries. Competition is a good driver for technical innovation. We have also been blessed by the presence of a number of visionaries within the industry who have had the foresight to see where the future lies, and ensured that we have always been moving in the right direction.
Good ideas are not enough on their own of course, and one of the main factors for success has been continuous investment. Individual companies have naturally re-invested their profits in R&D, but a positive technology policy and increasing public investment in R&D has also enabled industry to reach a wider market than it might otherwise have done.
Collaboration has also been an important factor, particularly regarding standards. Together with the other Nordic countries, Finland worked hard in the early days to ensure that money and effort was not being ploughed into technologies that would quickly become obsolete.
In December 1996, both the private sector and the Finnish Government committed themselves to increasing R&D expenditure to 2.9% of GNP by 1999. Has this been achieved and what impact has it had?
Martti Mäenpää: Finland has had a strong policy of R&D investment for the past 15 years. Because we do not have the natural resources of other countries, for example oil, we have realised that it is essential for us to become a knowledge-based society - one in which our technical know-how can be turned into an economic asset. Investing in R&D and technology is the way to achieve this. Finland actually invested the equivalent of 3.0% of its GNP in R&D in 1998, exceeding the goal that was originally set. Currently, more than two-thirds of R&D investment is coming from the private sector.
Quite a lot of the public contribution came from the sell-off of state-owned companies. This policy had a two-fold benefit - both creating the money to invest in R&D and providing the companies with a new flexibility to operate in the marketplace. In terms of its impact, the policy is working well. Finland has increased its exports of high technology at a very satisfactory rate over the past few years, and we fully expect to continue to do so.
It should, of course, be noted that it isn't just the volume of the investment that is important, but where the investment has gone. We feel that it is important to ensure that all aspects of the innovation environment are receiving balanced attention. For example Finland has invested in developing its vocational training system to ensure that we continue to have one of the most skilled workforces in Europe, and that naturally acts as an inducement for companies to locate in Finland.
How important has venture capital been in promoting innovation in Finland compared to more traditional investment?
Martti Mäenpää: In the early 1990s the venture capital industry was relatively under-developed in Finland. About that time, Sitra, the Finnish National Fund for Research and Development, issued a report highlighting the fact that although Finland was not lacking in new technology-based companies, those companies were not achieving the growth rates of similar companies in other countries.
Since then, the venture capital industry has really taken off, although it is fair to say it still hasn't reached the level of countries like the USA or UK. Especially the private venture capital business has grown really fast during the last few years. The opportunities companies have to obtain risk capital from domestic and international sources to bring innovations to international markets have really improved. Sitra has extensive venture capital networks and has established nearly 100 research-based companies over the past few years.
One of Sitra's briefs is also to invest in international venture capital projects in order to introduce new models to Finland, and promote competence and expertise in the field, and this works well. Similarly Sitra wants to encourage overseas venture capital organisations to view Finnish companies as a good investment risk, although this is still relatively new ground for us.
To an outsider it may appear that Tekes and Sitra have very similar briefs. Is that the case?
Martti Mäenpää: It is true that both organisations aim to promote technological excellence in Finland, and there is a close collaboration between them. However they have quite separate approaches. Tekes has a budget from the state and is the main financing organisation for applied and industrial R&D in Finland. It co-ordinates and offers financial support for participation in international technology initiatives, including the EU research programmes.
Sitra's operations are mainly financed through income from endowment investments and project finance, and its mission is to invest in technology firms and venture capital funds both in Finland and abroad.
Because its domestic market is relatively small, Finnish high-tech companies have to launch themselves onto the international market very quickly. Is this a problem?
Martti Mäenpää: Not really. This may be one of the reasons why some of our companies do not grow as fast as could be expected. Some companies are not able to internationalise as early as they would need to, but the ones that are able to take hold of global capital markets early on usually become very strong international players in their field.
We do have a number of organisations that have the experience to help such companies find their way. For example, Finpro, the Finnish Foreign Trade Association, concentrates on offering services to help companies in this way. Tekes also has a number of overseas offices that provide useful support to companies in this respect.
The Finnish Academy of Technology has recently published a book called High technology in Finland in which the need for international partners is highlighted. What steps are being taken to encourage other countries to look to Finland for technology partners?
Martti Mäenpää: Finland has an active policy to make itself as attractive as possible to foreign companies. However, while some countries offer tax benefits to overseas businesses, we haven't chosen to go that route because we don't think it offers a long-term advantage to economic health. Instead our aim is to create an infrastructure that encourages innovative research and enables companies to bring the results of that research to the market-place in as fast a time as possible. That is why a strong knowledge base and a skilled workforce are important.
Part of Tekes' job is to provide channels for co-operation with Finnish companies, universities and research institutes, and we have a network of scientific counsellors and attachés whose aim is to increase technological co-operation between their base countries and Finland.
(1) After conducting research in physics in Finland and California, Dr Martti Mäenpää was head of division at the Semiconductor Laboratory of the Technical Research Centre of Finland (VTT). After a period with the Metra Corporation, he served as an adviser at the Finnish Ministry of Trade and Industry before taking over the Directorship of Tekes in 1995.
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|Press Releases | Search DNR | DNR Home|
Maryland Bay Grasses Decline In 2006
Survey consistent with Bay-wide results; Susquehanna Flats beds remain healthy
ANNAPOLIS — Underwater bay grass acreage throughout much of Maryland’s portion of the Chesapeake Bay suffered a setback in 2006 as a result of high rainfalls in many parts of the Bay watershed. Total acreage in Maryland dropped to 32,586 acres in 2006, down nearly 9,734 acres from 42,320 acres in 2005. The high flows of late June 2006 sent large amounts of sediments and nutrients into the Bay, clouding the water and reducing the amount of light available for bay grasses.
Bay grasses, or submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV), are a critical resource that provide food and habitat for a wide range of Bay species, including crabs, fish and waterfowl. Bay grasses also protect shorelines from erosion, remove nutrients from the water, and trap sediments that cloud bay waters. Sources of these excess nutrients include natural sources, sewage treatment plants, industries, automobiles, and runoff from agriculture and urban areas. Sources of excess sediments include improper agriculture techniques, impervious surfaces, and erosion.
“Our monitoring results remind us that more needs to be done to reduce nutrients and sediment inputs into the Chesapeake Bay” said Secretary John R. Griffin of the Maryland Department of Natural Resources (DNR). “We are hopeful that the ongoing nutrient reduction efforts and implementation of the Tributary Strategies reverse this trend and help accelerate the progress made towards our restoration goals over the last decade.”
Currently Maryland has achieved about 30 percent of its 2010 bay grass restoration goal of 110,000 acres. Since Maryland began monitoring, bay grass acreage has more than doubled from about 14,000 acres in 1984. However, the current rate of increase will not be sufficient to achieve Maryland’s bay grass restoration goal. Given these goals and the current bay grass status, losses such as those in 2006 are a cause for concern.
“These annual fluctuations in bay grass acreage are to be expected, and our extensive field observations for 2006 revealed healthy populations of SAV in many areas,” said Mike Naylor, director of SAV restoration and education for DNR and chair of the Chesapeake Bay Program SAV workgroup. “We remain encouraged by the trend of the last decade and have every reason to believe the Upper Bay will continue to improve.”
The losses occurred throughout Maryland’s tributaries, with the largest declines in the upper Chesapeake Bay, Sassafras, Bush, Gunpowder, Honga, Lower Choptank and Lower Potomac River. These areas accounted for nearly 85 percent of the Maryland declines. Decreases in water clarity in many of these areas were identified by DNR’s Water and Habitat Quality Monitoring Program. Some losses were also noted in Tangier Sound, home to most of Maryland’s eelgrass population. Spring surveys in 2006 documented several sparse eelgrass beds, possibly the continued result of the 2005 die-back from elevated summer water temperatures.
Despite the overall reduction in bay grass coverage in 2006, the Susquehanna Flats and the Northeast River recorded their highest levels since the survey began in 1984. Slight increases were also noted in the upper Potomac River, Mattawoman Creek, Elk River and Fishing Bay. Numerous Maryland areas have been showing major bay grass increases since the mid- 1990s including the Susquehanna Flats, Bush, Gunpowder, Magothy, Severn, Bohemia and Sassafras Rivers, Mattawoman and Piscataway Creeks and the Lower Potomac River.
Underwater bay grasses are also present throughout Maryland’s portion of Coastal Bays. Also surveyed annually, the results from the Coastal Bays will be available in several weeks.
March 28, 2007
The Maryland Department of Natural Resources (DNR) is the state agency responsible for providing natural and living resource-related services to citizens and visitors. DNR manages more than 446,000 acres of public lands and 18,000 miles of waterways, along with Maryland's forests, fisheries and wildlife for maximum environmental, economic and quality of life benefits. A national leader in land conservation, DNR-managed parks and natural, historic and cultural resources attract 11 million visitors annually. DNR is the lead agency in Maryland's effort to restore the Chesapeake Bay, the state's number one environmental priority. Learn more at www.dnr.maryland.gov
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Archive/File: people/e/eichmann.adolf/transcripts/Sessions/Session-058-02 Last-Modified: 1999/06/04 Presiding Judge: What is your full name? Witness: Hansi Brand. Presiding Judge: Would you now please reply to Mr. Bach's questions - try to remain calm and not get worked up. Don't take it to heart - just speak slowly. State Attorney Bach: Let us start with prosaic matters, Mrs. Brand. You were born in Budapest? Witness Hansi Brand: Yes. Q. And you went to school in Budapest? A. Yes. Q. When you were still at school, you joined the Zionist movement? A. Yes. Q. Did you also participate in hachshara? A. Yes. Q. And it was in fact when you were on hachshara that you met your husband, Joel Brand? A. Yes. Q. When did you get married? A. In 1935. Q. After that you set up a workshop and worked in the workshop together with your husband? A. Yes. Presiding Judge: What kind of a workshop? Witness Hansi Brand: For knitwear, knitted goods. State Attorney Bach: Mrs. Brand, you were active on the committee called "The Relief and Rescue Committee" in Budapest? Witness Hansi Brand: Yes. Q. And were you also active on that committee before the Germans entered Hungary on 19 March 1944? A. Yes. Q. Can you tell the Court what was the task of this committee and what was your task? A. As shown by the name, the task of our committee was to act as a "Relief and Rescue Committee." Presiding Judge: Please speak German, you will feel more comfortable. Witness Hansi Brand: The task of the committee at that time was to ensure that the stream of refugees who entered Hungary from the various countries occupied by the Germans were given support, in order to find shelter. There were various possibilities at that time of accommodating these refugees, and it was my task to look after these people, who did not speak Hungarian, so that they would be clothed, would look decent, and also to get the necessary papers for them, so that they could show their identity, and also get housing for them. That is what I helped them with. State Attorney Bach: Which countries did the refugees whom you looked after before March 1944 come from? Witness Hansi Brand: The first ones came from Germany, then they came from Austria, and then from Poland and Slovakia, and some groups even came from Yugoslavia. Q. Was your committee recognized by law, or was it a committee which worked underground? A. All of our work was illegal. Under the law it was forbidden to have any contact at all with the refugees, so all of our work was illegal. Q. What was the task of your husband within the context of this committee? A. My husband was one of the first who set up the Va'ada, the committee, together with Otto Komoly, Rezsoe Kasztner, Samos Springmann and himself. Q. The chairman of the committee was Otto Komoly? A. Yes. Q. What was your husband's special task on the committee, particularly after Springmann left Hungary? A. After Springmann left Hungary, my husband, together with Rezsoe Kasztner became responsible for the various connections with the different couriers who brought us letters and money from abroad. Also, if I am to give details, there were specific duties with regard to looking after the refugees, and my husband was the person who organized the tiyulim. Presiding Judge: What were these? Witness Hansi Brand: Tiyul (in Hebrew) or excursion was the name used by the committee for escape. State Attorney Bach: Mrs. Brand, you have told us that you looked after the refugees who reached Hungary. After 19 March 1944, were any new tasks assigned to you by the committee? Witness Hansi Brand: After March 19, a totally different situation confronted our Va'ada. Earlier we had tried, with our Jewish hearts, to help the refugees who entered Hungary and to collect the necessary money which was needed for them to survive. Once the Germans occupied Hungary, we had another problem, since all these refugees were now doubly in danger, and the Hungarian Jews were also in a very dangerous situation. We had found out by experience that at a certain point people who had Christian papers were helped at least for a while, so we decided that I should arrange for this, that is to say, that various Christian papers should be obtained not only for the refugees, but in great quantities, so that Hungarian Jews could have them as well, in order to try to submerge with these Aryan papers. Q. Who helped you in this work? A. That was possibly even worse - the refugees who had got used to the whole thing over the years dealt with filling out and putting stamps on the necessary papers. I simply ordered the papers from the printer and collected them from him. Q. Was there a particular specialist who helped you get the forms? A. I did not have a specialist. The husband of a classmate of mine had a printing shop with which we were in touch all the time - after he had an idea of what had happened to the Jews in Poland and Slovakia, he said that he was prepared to print these papers for us. Q. Was he Jewish? A. Yes, he was Jewish. Q. Did you live in your own flat all the time, or did you change your dwelling? A. We had our own flat where we lived with the children and the whole family - we spent all those years there - but then it became known, because of the various dealings we had with the police, and so, because we were frightened, we always had alternative dwellings, so that precisely when the Germans entered Hungary, we were not living in our own flat but were on the Schwabenberg, in the same flat, the same house, where I saw Eichmann for the first time in my life. Q. Where did you look after the refugees? Where would they come to? A. Most of the refugees used to come to our flat or our factory. Presiding Judge: Mr. Bach, are all these details necessary? My comment usually comes at the end, that I know already. State Attorney Bach: Your Honour, they are of particular importance. I also wished to give the witness an opportunity to get used to the Court procedure. Presiding Judge: We shall do that together. State Attorney Bach: Mrs. Brand, I am sure you heard reports from your husband about his initial conversations with Eichmann. Witness Hansi Brand: Yes, indeed. Q. Can you tell me when you saw Eichmann for the first time? A. The first time I saw him was, I think the day before my husband left for Istanbul. Q. What was the purpose of your visit to Eichmann? A. In official terms, the idea was that, as long as my husband was abroad, I should stay in touch with Eichmann and be sure to tell him when I received news from Istanbul. But during the conversation, I realized that some eighty per cent was in order to tell me personally that I, together with the children and the family, had to remain in Budapest as hostages. Q. Where did this conversation take place? A. On the Schwabenberg, in the Jewish Department. Q. Apart from the three of you, who else was present? A. I do not remember anyone else. Q. Do you remember roughly how long the conversation lasted? A. It took about half an hour, three quarters of an hour. I had to listen to all the details, and actually he kept asking if I was aware why he was making the trip and what his assignment was, and he told me everything in great detail. And then he told me that I should pay attention to everything, that it was a Reich secret, and that no one should find out about it, because then the consequences would be indescribable. That fact was stressed repeatedly - that it was a Reich secret. Q. Mrs. Brand, you said previously that the purpose was, or that you understood the purpose of the conversation to be, to inform you that you and the children were hostages. From what did you gather this? From something the Accused said? A. It was very obvious, although it was not actually said in so many words, "you will remain behind as hostages." I cannot recall that precisely. But I was told that I was not allowed to leave Budapest with the children, and that I had to report every day. By then we had had so much experience with our illegal work that it was not necessary to give any further explanations. What it means is obvious, if someone is told that he may not leave Budapest, and I have to report every day. Q. You spoke of a Reich secret. Can you say whether Eichmann went into this Reich secret and told you in detail what the actual proposal was? A. Yes, of course, the whole matter was explained to me, that he had offered a million Jews for ten thousand lorries, and that he had given my husband a passport, so that he should notify the free world of this and arrange the whole deal. Q. In the conversation, was mention also made of the fate of a certain group of six hundred Jews? Do you remember that? A. In the same discussion, of course, just as the other side put forward its position, so the Jewish side also repeated its demand that, as long as negotiations continued, there should be no deportations to Auschwitz, and since there had already been negotiations for six hundred certificates, which were ready with a transport ship waiting in Constantsa to take them off, there was talk about this, and the point was stressed that there should be some show of good will, and they were ready to help us, so that these six hundred people - that was one of the demands - that the six hundred people could leave Hungary for neutral countries. Q. Mrs. Brand, you see the Accused before you - can you identify him as the man with whom you talked? A. One hundred per cent. Q. Do you remember if there was a signboard on the door of the office which you entered? I mean the office of the Accused. What did it say? A. Sondereinsatzkommando - IVB - Jewish Department. Q. How would you define the way in which the Accused behaved and spoke that day, in your first joint meeting? A. My impression was that he was trying to create an atmosphere as if it was purely a business deal, a straight- forward transaction, and that we were business partners. Q. And then, after that meeting, the day after, your husband left, and in fact you did not meet him again until after the War? A. Yes. Q. After your husband left, when did you first hear about deportations of Jews from Hungary? A. To our horror we found out the next day that people were being crammed in large numbers into railway cars, forced in, ninety or a hundred to a car, whereas he had promised in my presence that people would be sent to Austria or somewhere else to wait for the outcome of the negotiations, and then all of a sudden they...I did not know where my husband was at that point, but he had already left, and then we found out that people were being loaded ninety and a hundred into one car. Q. When you heard this information, what did you decide to do? A. I decided that it was not for a woman to bear such responsibility, so I went to Kasztner, and we resolved that Kasztner should go up and see him the same day, to introduce himself and see him with me about the matter. Q. See whom? A. Eichmann. Q. Until then Dr. Kasztner had not met Eichmann? A. No. Q. Did he agree to come with you? A. Yes. Q. Did you actually go to see Eichmann together? A. Yes.
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Ask a question about 'Jazz Journalists Association'
Start a new discussion about 'Jazz Journalists Association'
Answer questions from other users
The Jazz Journalists Association
is an international organization of all types of media professionals who document, promulgate, or appreciate jazz
Jazz is a musical style that originated at the beginning of the 20th century in African American communities in the Southern United States. It was born out of a mix of African and European music traditions. From its early development until the present, jazz has incorporated music from 19th and 20th...
. As of 2011, it has approximately 500 members, primarily in North America but also on other continents. The goal of the association is, "to promote high standards and respect for our works, to create a professional network, and to increase general interest in jazz." It is a 501(c)(3) non-profit corporation, and as of 2011, it
The organization was founded in 1986 in Chicago, and has annual meetings which often coincide with major jazz festivals around North America. It produces a quarterly journal, Jazz Notes
, as well as a JJA News
publication, and has a great deal of information about the history of jazz on its website.
In 1997, the Association founded the Jazz Awards, which are presented for excellence in both music and journalism. The awards are presented in New York each June, and as of 2010, have 42 categories.
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Paint Along Studios Offers Easygoing Atmosphere and Lessons
Published: Saturday, March 2, 2013 at 8:29 p.m.
Last Modified: Saturday, March 2, 2013 at 8:50 p.m.
LAKELAND | Anyone can be an artist!
Artist David Collins, owner of Paint Along Studios and The Loft Gallery, is using his time, talent and money to prove anyone can learn to paint and create art.
In 2009, he began teaching painting classes, during which students copy his techniques on their canvases as he demonstrates them while completing a painting. Everyone leaves each session with a finished painting.
The studio, located at 123 S. Kentucky Ave., is continually evolving to include resident artists, rotating exhibits in an upstairs gallery, art classes of the non-paint-along variety, mural painting, and additional space for working artists.
His goal is to change the way art is perceived by the masses.
"The concept that nobody buys art in Lakeland isn't quite true. There's nobody selling art," he said, emphasizing the word "selling."
He believes art should move beyond the walls of intimidating museums and galleries.
"Art is a snob fest. I would like art to be more for the common man," Collins said. "We've created that highbrow thing about art that should not be. There must be a place for everyone."
Just past an inviting sitting area, easels arranged in several rows are ready for would-be artists.
Nearby trays of stemmed glasses sit atop trays for those who wish to sip a bit of wine as they paint. While Collins doesn't offer refreshments in the studio, he encourages people to bring a bottle of wine and snacks to nibble on throughout the session.
"I think it simply says relax, this isn't so serious," Collins said. "If you get uptight while you're painting, you try to do detailed things and they're not ready for that."
Classes run about 3½ hours and are offered Monday, Friday, Saturday, and every other Wednesday. Sessions are also offered for parties, team-building exercises and fundraisers.
The $35 fee includes a canvas and supplies. Smocks are available for use during the session.
Throughout the class, Collins explains which brush and color to use while demonstrating various techniques.
"Everybody succeeds," he said.
Sara Easley, a 39-year old communications analyst from Auburndale, said Collins helped her find her inner artist.
"I always used to say, ‘I can barely draw a stick figure,' but I can't say that anymore," she said.
Now her original artwork hangs in her home and she gives paintings to family and friends.
"I tend to be a tough self-critic, so I really appreciated how David encourages you to not expect perfection — to just let go and have fun with art and the act of painting."
In the back of the studio, two resident artists — Aaron Corbitt and Ana Lopez — work in a cozy alcove.
"I have a passion to bring in unknown artists like Aaron and Ana," Collins said.
Collins met Corbitt, 28, at Arts on the Park, a gallery in downtown Lakeland, and was impressed with his work but bewildered by the low prices he charged for it.
A self-taught artist, Corbitt was born in Merritt Island and raised in Lakeland. He attended three local high schools before dropping out. He later spent a year in New York City's art scene but returned home when a family member became ill.
Collins knew he could promote Corbitt's work.
Corbitt joined the studio as its first resident artist in June 2012 and held his first show shortly thereafter. His second show, "The Face of Lakeland," opened Friday and will be on exhibit through March.
"I'm trying to express both diversity and unity in a community setting," Corbitt said of the 60-piece collection of portraits. "I wanted diversity and the widest range of people — the homeless, the window washer, and the mayor."
He spends 6 to 12 hours a day painting in the gallery. Corbitt, who specializes in oils, is one of five artists who offer four to six week classes at the studio.
"It's sort of golden for a starving artist to be able to paint here," Corbitt said.
A CREATIVE CULTURE
Collins said he is constantly looking for ways to bring the arts to the common man.
He keeps The Loft filled with exhibits and adds performance art with appearances by the Florida Dance Theatre and an actor who portrays various artists.
Collins is transforming two narrow storage areas upstairs into eight to 10 artist studios. The Garrett will be open so visitors can watch artists paint during business hours.
A mural painting class is also in the works.
"Ten to 15 people will learn together and we'll paint (the mural) together," he said.
Easley said Collins is successful in his quest to make art accessible and enjoyable for everyone.
"His studio, his style, and the overall class experience are so welcoming and non-threatening," Easley said. "It truly caters to the non-artist who just wants to try something different and creative."
Corbitt calls Paint Along Studios and The Loft the "next cultural arts center."
"You can get entertained. You can express yourself.
"You can learn," Corbitt said.
Reader comments posted to this article may be published in our print edition. All rights reserved. This copyrighted material may not be re-published without permission. Links are encouraged.
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|February 17, 1890||By The President Of The United States Of America
WHEREAS, That portion of the Indian Territory, commonly known as the Cherokee Strip or Outlet, has been for some years in te occupancy of an association or associations of white persons under certain contracts, said to have been made with the Cherokee Nation in the nature of a lease or leases for grazing purposes; and|
WHEREAS, An opinion has been given to me by the Attorney-General, concurring with the opinion given to my predecessor by the late Attorney-General, that whatever the right or title of said Cherokee Nation or of the United States to or in said lands me be, no right exists in said Cherokee Nation under the statutes of the United States to make such leases or grazing contracts, and that such contracts are wholly illegal and void; and
WHEREAS, The continued use of said lands thereunder for graxzing purposes is prejudicial to the public interests;
Now therefore, I, Benjamin Harrison, President of the United States, do hereby proclaim and give notice:
1st. That no cattle or live stock shall hereafter be brough upon said lands for herding or grazing thereon;
2nd. That all cattle and other live stock no on said Outlet must be removed therefrom not later than October 1, 1890, and so much sooner as said lands or any of them may be or become lawfully open to settlement by citizens of the United States and that all persons connected with said cattle companies or associations must, not later than the time above indicated, depart from said lands.
In witness whereof, I have herunto set my hand and caused the seal of the United States to be affixed.
Done at the City of Washington this 17th day of February, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and ninety , and of the Independence of the United States of America the one hudred and fourteenth.
By the Presidnet
JAMES G. BLAINE, Secretary of State.
Return to Cherokee Strip Live Stock Association
Last Updated, Monday, 24-Sep-2012 17:12:01 MDT
This site may be freely linked, but not duplicated without consent.
All rights reserved. Commercial use of material within this site is prohibited.
The copyright (s) on this page must appear on all copied and/or printed material.
© 2013 by C.S.L.S.A. Site Coordinator
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As EPA libraries go digital, public access suffers
For a new Democratic Congress facing big environmental issues from global warming to dwindling fisheries, the first step may be keeping the nation's top environmental libraries from closing – and saving their myriad tomes from ending up as recycled cardboard.Skip to next paragraph
Subscribe Today to the Monitor
To meet a proposed 2007 budget cut, the Environmental Protection Agency has in recent months shuttered regional branches in Chicago, Dallas, and Kansas City, Mo., serving 15 states, and has cut hours and restricted access to four other regional libraries, affecting 16 states. Two additional libraries in the EPA's Washington headquarters closed in October.
Until these closures, the EPA had 26 libraries, brimming with a trove of environmental science in 500,000 books, 25,000 maps, thousands of studies and decades of research – much of it irreplaceable, experts say.
EPA officials say the closures are part of a plan "to modernize and improve" services while trimming $2 million from its budget. Under the plan, "unique" library documents would be "digitized" as part of a shift to online retrieval.
But while electronic databases are easy to access, they could end up being more costly to use – and thousands of those "unique" paper documents may now sit for years in repositories waiting for the funding needed to "digitize" them, critics say. Meanwhile, the closings are proceeding so quickly that key materials are likely to be lost or inaccessible for a long time, EPA librarians say.
Current and former librarians recoiled over reports that scientific journals worth hundreds of thousands of taxpayer dollars were thrown in dumpsters in October.
"I was appalled when I heard about what was happening and I'm still upset about it," says Dorothy Biggs, a 10-year veteran librarian with the EPA's National Enforcement Investigations Center Library in Denver who retired in June.
Some observers say the library closures are part of a recent pattern at the EPA.
"We think this is one of several actions the Bush administration is taking to lobotomize the EPA, to reduce its capability, so it's much less able to independently review industry submissions," says Jeff Ruch, executive director of Public Employees for Environmental Responsibility, a Washington-based nonprofit group that advocates for federal environment employees.
EPA officials dispute many of the librarians' concerns. The office "is not recycling or disposing of any unique agency documents or externally developed materials, e.g., journals, scientific publications, etc., that cannot be accessed elsewhere," wrote EPA spokesman Suzanne Ackerman in a statement. "We are recycling non-unique documents that can be easily obtained elsewhere. Scientists will continue to have access to these non-EPA journals and publications."
Congressional Democrats, who will hold the majority next year and therefore will have greater control over the EPA's budget, are already seeking to investigate the matter.
In an Oct. 26 letter, Democratic Sens. Barbara Boxer and Frank Lautenberg pleaded for Congress to reexamine the cuts.
The letter asked top Republicans to "solicit and consider public and Congressional input, in an open process, prior to making any decision to close a library, cut services, or dramatically restructure the Agency's library system."
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|All Roads Lead to Empire
The Roman Empire was made possible with the construction of a network of roads connecting Rome to the far reaches its empire. The tradition continues but today’s Rome is composed of the corporations that deal in arms, oil and all of its chemical and plastic by-products.
Trouville, Normandy, France. September 2005.
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Egocentric and Magical Thinking
Egocentric thinking is the normal tendency for a young child to see everything that happens as it relates to him- or herself. This is not selfishness. Young children are unable to understand different points of view. For example, a preschool child might sympathize with his or her father and try to comfort him by offering a favorite toy or stuffed animal, reasoning that what helps the child feel better will also comfort the adult. Egocentric thinking also can cause a young child to feel responsible if something bad happens.
Magical thinking is a child's belief that what he or she wishes or expects can affect what really happens. For example, if a child wants very much for something to happen, and it does, the child believes he or she caused it to happen. If your daughter is mad at her brother and wants him to leave, and he then gets sick and goes to the hospital, your daughter may think her brother's illness is her fault.
|By:||Reference Healthwise Staff||Last Revised: Reference March 14, 2011|
|Medical Review:||Reference John Pope, MD - Pediatrics
Reference Louis Pellegrino, MD - Developmental Pediatrics
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An Islamic cleric in Pakistan has demanded that the fatwa issued by the mufti of the Darul Uloom Deoband (in India's Uttar Pradesh) which cautioned Indian Muslims to be wary of Hindus' feelings while slaughtering cows, be withdrawn immediately. He said that eating cow meat was legal according to the Shariat [Sharia], and that such fatwas by Muslim clerics in India would encourage Hindu beliefs, and the next generations of the Muslims in India will be involved in Hindu beliefs.
A few days ago, the mufti of the Darul Uloom Deoband (DUD), Mufti Habibur Rehman, had said that Indian Muslims should take care when slaughtering the cow, which is considered sacred by Hindus. He also pointed out that the slaughter of the cow was prohibited under Indian law, and hence it was not correct to eat cow meat secretly.
In response, the head of Darul Ifta wa Al-Qazzath of the Jamaat-ud-Dawa (JD) Pakistan, Mufti Abdul Rehman Al Rehmani, said that the fatwa should be withdrawn immediately and justified. The fatwa encourages Hindu beliefs, the Daily Times quoted Al Rehmani as saying. al-Rehmani claimed that Rehman's fatwa was wrong because according to Islamic education the cow was a major cause of idolism and polytheism. And if Mufti Habibur Rehman tells Indian Muslims to comply with Indian law, then the coming generations of Muslims in India will be involved in Hindu beliefs, said Rehmani.
Al Rehmani argues that Prophet Mohammad (PBUH) preached Islamic teachings secretly and was not deterred that the Quraish of Makkah [his tribe or clan in Mecca] did not want the religion to spread. Describing India as the largest democratic and secular country of the world, he said, if the democratic states minorities fear following their religion, then the peace of the whole world will be in great danger.
He also argued that the fatwa is against the Shariat [Sharia] as the meat of cow is Halal [permissible] and it cannot be declared Haram [prohibited].
Read Full Original Text
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Journey into library land: Get it into gear
Victoria Billings is the communications and public programs intern at Kennedy Library. ‘Journey into library land’ is a series about what she’s learned creating media for Cal Poly’s university library.
New quarters are always a funny time at the library. Students come back from break and suddenly, every chair and couch is taken, the stairs become more difficult to navigate and there’s a line in front of Julian’s.
For the communications and public programs department (that’s me and my boss, Karen) it’s when we kick event preparation into high gear.
Over break, I updated community calendars and did research on the public programs and research assessment methods of other libraries. But with three events in the next month and a half (our Cal Poly Authors series and two Science Cafes) I’ve spent the last two weeks putting up posters, arranging interviews and helping get the word out about all the cool stuff we have planned for winter quarter.
Last Wednesday, I met with Karen and several other library staff to review the schedule for Cal Poly music professor Craig Russell’s conversation with Dan Krieger on Russell’s book, “From Serra to Sancho: Music and Pageantry in the California Missions” which is this Friday at 10 a.m. in room 111H and you should all come. It’s part of the Conversations with Cal Poly Authors series that we do every quarter.
Then, we went over plans for the “Pyroprints! Fingerprinting Bacteria” Science Café in February, pictured above. Professor Chris Kitts and biology junior Maria Zuleta Alvarado will be sharing their experiences with tracking E. coli, and that means I’ll be putting together a video of the event.
Karen isn’t happy to only organize a bunch of unique events, though. For the last two weeks, when I wasn’t helping with event prep, I was also setting up interviews for an upcoming video featuring some very talented students, informally polling friends about how they get information in the library and obviously, working on this very blog series.
The best part of all this? We’re only warming up. Just wait until the events start. Then things will really get exciting.
More on Conversations with Cal Poly Authors.
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The National Trust is carrying out its annual Valentine's flower count across the South West. Gardeners and volunteers are taking stock of what's already in bloom in their gardens. The information helps the Trust find out how plantlife is adapting to changes in weather patterns.
England has suffered its wettest year since records began in 1910. While slugs relished the wet summer, birds struggled and badgers found it difficult to find food in the dry spring.
Matthew Oates from the National Trust talks about how the bad weather has had a huge affect on the region's wildlife.
The M32 has reopened in both directions following an incident on the St Paul's overbridge.
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Alcohol and Tobacco
Alcohol taxes raise government revenue, of course, but are typically justified as a means to address externalities from alcohol abuse, such as the costs of drunk driving, reduced workplace productivity, and medical burdens on third parties from alcohol-related illness.
Empirical studies suggest that each 1 percent increase in price might reduce nationwide alcohol consumption and drunk driving by about 0.4 to 0.7 percent. Thus, tripling alcohol taxes from 10 to 30 percent would reduce consumption by about 8 to 15 percent. This would raise about $20 billion a year in new government revenue and, according to CDDEP estimates, generate annual net economic benefits of at least $10 billion if the revenue displaced other taxes, such as income taxes, that have distortional effects on the economy.
Researchers used the analytical framework developed in the study, titled “Fiscal and Externality Rationales for Alcohol Taxes,” to estimate the optimal levels and welfare effects of alcohol taxes and drunk driver penalties and to account for the interaction of these policies with existing tax distortions in the labor market. A similar type of analysis might be usefully applied to other substance abuse policies, like tobacco taxes and, possibly, taxes on sugary sodas or fast food.
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Saltdean, mid or late 1920s
Photographer, Brighton. Harry Avery, as he was known to friends and relations, rose from humble beginnings to become one of the giants of Sussex postcard publishing. The son of Charles and Frances Avery, he was born in December 1884 at his parent's home at 1 Melbourne Street, off Lewes Road, Brighton. Frances Avery, née Upton, who registered the birth, was illiterate and could only mark the certificate. She had been born in late 1851 at Pyecombe, and described her husband as a builder's labourer. He seems to have been born at Brighton in 1854.
By 1891 the Averys had moved to 32 Crescent Cottages between St George's Road and Marine Parade. Charles was working as a general labourer. The census discloses that 6-year-old Harry had a younger brother, Charles Avery, who was a year old, and two sisters, Annie Avery aged 9 and Alice Avery aged 3. By 1901 the family had moved to 319 Queens Park Road in Brighton. Harry, now 16, was a grocer's porter and had a new younger sister, Edith Avery, who was 9. His father was once again described as a builder's labourer.
Not long afterwards, Harry may have established a "photographic trade works" at 60 George Street in Hove in partnership with a Mr Hutchinson. The firm, which traded as Hutchinson and Avery, seems only to have lasted for a few years. Confusingly, there was also a Brighton photographer called A. H. Avery and further research is needed to determine which of the pair partnered Hutchinson. For a few years just after the First World War a firm called "Avery & Marks" published portrait postcards of Brighton actors and entertainers, such as the cast of the 1922 Palace Pier Follies. Once again, there is uncertainty as to what involvement, if any, Harry had with this firm.
On October 8, 1910 Harry Avery married Mary Coombes at the Congregationalist Church in Belgrave Street in Brighton. Mary was three years his senior, and the daughter of Walter Coombes, a retired engineer. At the time Avery was living at 87 Elm Grove in Brighton and continuing to work as a photographer, although the partnership with Hutchinson had probably ended. He described his father on the marriage certificate as a farmer, which seems rather unlikely, given the latter's labouring background. Possibly he meant smallholder.
It is not known whether Avery saw active service in the war, but afterwards he established a series of shops providing photographic materials and services such as developing and enlarging. When advertising, he claimed to have received over 150 awards for artistic photography!
Avery opened his first and most successful shop, at 77 St James Street in Kemp Town, by 1921. From 1924 to about 1933 he also operated a "works" in Rock Place, just round the corner from the shop, where postcards could be made and customers' films developed. In the mid 1920s he offered customers same day developing and printing.
Avery established a second shop, at 6 George Street in Hove, by 1924, but closed it by 1927. By 1925 he set up a limited company, Averys (Brighton) Ltd., to run four new shops: at 6 Victoria Terrace (this was still trading in 1926, but closed by 1927), 79 West Street (this likewise was gone by 1927), 173 Western Road (still trading in 1926, but replaced by a firm of confectioners in 1927), and 19 High Street, Shoreham (again, closed by 1927). From 1928 onwards, Avery's (Brighton) Ltd. took over the running of the 77 St James Street shop.
In about 1931 Avery established yet another branch, this time at 38a Blatchington Road, but like so many of his ventures it closed its doors after only about two years. It is last listed in Pike's 1932-33 Brighton & Hove Directory; by 1924 it had been replaced by a firm of dry cleaners. Another branch, at 4 George Street, Hove, was equally ephemeral, opening in about 1931 (replacing a picture frame maker), but closing by 1934. Much more successful was a branch at the Broadway in Haywards Heath, established by 1930, which continued to trade until at least 1938.
Avery's original shop, at 77 St James Street, survived the difficult trading conditions of the Second World War. Afterwards, faced with falling demand for photographic materials, it very wisely diversified, putting increasing effort into selling radios and televisions. It was still in business in 1974.
Avery published an extensive series of sepia RPs with white borders, covering an area of Sussex stretching from Cooden Beach near Bexhill westwards to Arundel and Midhurst, and north to Crawley and Three Bridges. The first cards appeared by 1923 and new cards may have continued to be added until at least the mid or late 1930s. After a break during the Second World War production of the cards may have resumed in the late 1940s and early fifties. Avery cards are interesting because they often record unusual views. Few if any of the photographs are outstanding compositionally, and some are so heavily sepia tinted that dark areas of the picture show little detail. Most of the cards are numbered, but sometimes the numbers are so obscured by the sepia tinting that they are unreadable.
The lowest numbered cards (including some with a zero prefix, e.g. 0428) are probably the oldest, and appear to have been issued in about 1923. Avery seems to have expanded his range of cards rapidly over a period of just 3 years, numbering the cards sequentially, without any obvious gaps. The highest numbered Avery cards range from 3400 to just over 3500, apart from one maverick numbered 5506.
Card 3253 of Saltdean, is interesting because it shows the tearoom that opened at Whitsun 1925 and the foundations being prepared for the fake classical columns that were about to be erected along the cliff edge. The columns are thought to have been obtained from the 1924 Empire Exhibition. The photograph can be assumed, therefore, to have been taken in mid 1925 or perhaps a little later. Card 3454 of the Jointure at Ditchling has been seen with an August 1926 postmark. Card 3457 shows a policeman directing traffic at Ditchling cross roads. An undated newspaper clipping that has come to light claims that the man was "my late father, Owen Golds, on point duty in 1926". This fits well with the evidence of the Saltdean card. Avery died at Brighton in 1950, aged 65. His output of around 3500 different cards makes him one of the most prolific of Sussex publishers. Judging from the relatively small numbers of surviving examples, sales of individual cards may have been quite low. It has been suggested that Avery may have operated as a niche business, supplying cards to retailers with low turnover, who may have been ignored by rival publishers seeking retailers who could achieve better sales. The London firm of Thomas Illingworth supplied some of the photographic card that Avery used for printing.
In addition to producing his own cards, Avery printed cards of Ditchling for W. H. Berry, Brighton and the Cuckmere valley for A. M. Bliss & Co. and Withdean and Patcham for Sydney Butler. He also covered the occasional special event, for example, issuing black and white postcard views of the tented camps of the Boys Brigade at Glynde in 1933 and 1934.
Some of Avery's general view cards are collotypes (often labelled "Sepiatype") or photogravures, not real photographics. A minority of cards have captions written entirely in capitals, but most reserve capitals for the start of words. Some cards are marked "Averys", whereas others are marked "Averys (Brighton) Ltd". It would be interesting to know more about when these and other variants were issued.To directory of publishers
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Increased hepatic portal resistance would lead to an increase in the hepatic portal blood pressure. This resulting increased portal blood pressure would lead to a greater flow of blood returning to the systemic venous circulation by way of the anastomosing vessels in the lower third of the esophagus as well as those around the anal sphincter. This change in the vascularity in liver is a permanent alteration associated with cirrhosis of the liver. Cirrhosis results from the liver's attempts to heal itself in the face of chronic injury. The result is one of scaring and "botched" nodular regeneration of the liver lobules. This deranged vascular flow in the liver is on of the most significant outcomes of cirrhosis.
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Child health providers have the ability to perform continuous surveillance and screening during routine, well-child visits. Such visits provide an opportunity to identify developmental delays or disabilities. Once a child is identified with having potential delays or disabilities, referral for further evaluation and follow-up must occur quickly.
Oregon’s Early Intervention/Early Childhood (EI/ECSE) program provides specialized evaluation and follow-up services to children birth to age 5, who demonstrate developmental delay or disability. Pediatric primary care providers can refer a child and his or her family to their county’s EI/ESCE program. EI/ECSE staff will contact the family, find out the child’s needs, and evaluate the child for eligibility for EI/ESCE services or refer the family to other services in the community.
Referrals to EI/ECSE
One of the goals of the Oregon ABCD Early Childhood Screening Initiatives is to enhance communication between child health professionals and EI/ECSE programs.
Enhanced communication between child health providers and EI/ESCE is an essential element to preventing duplication of services and improving overall quality of care for children and families.
Referrals for children with developmental delays or disabilities are enhanced when child health providers know what information is helpful to EI/ECSE. The Oregon ABCD EI/ECSE Referral Form was created to help child health providers capture important referral information streamlining the referral and evaluation process. The Oregon ABCD EI/ECSE Referral Form also includes a dual consent authorizing the sharing of information under both Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) and Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA). The primary goal of the dual consent is to enhance communication by allowing child health providers and EI/ECSE to release important information to one another better ensuring children and families are getting the care they need.
EI/ECSE "Do You Have Concerns?" Brochure - English Spanish
Oregon ABCD EI/ECSE Referral Form - English Spanish
Early Intervention Eligibility Criteria
Screening Tool and Referral Training (START)
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At the Vietnam Veterans Memorial Monday, President Obama began a national commemoration of the 50-year anniversary of the Vietnam War. To Vietnam veterans he said, 'You made us proud, and you have earned your place among the greatest generations.'
It’ll last 13 years – the length of time the United States spent building up its major combat presence there to more than half a million troops under three presidents, losing 58,282 American service personnel, battling politically over a war that most Americans eventually rejected, and then disengaging in defeat – hurriedly leaving in 1975 as North Vietnamese forces swept into what was then Saigon, US helicopters lifting off building tops carrying what few South Vietnamese families they could.
Aside from family and friends (and not all of those), it was years before most Vietnam vets heard a “welcome home” – officially not until the dedication of the Vietnam Veterans Memorial in 1982. And even that was controversial – critics called the stark, black granite wall inscribed with the names of those lost “a black gash of shame.”
As some veterans of the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan did last week, some Vietnam veterans – largely a young and scruffy lot still wearing their jungle fatigues, some bearing the wounds of combat – had tossed their medals over a fence on Capitol Hill in protest. One of the antiwar leaders at the time was a young US Navy lieutenant named John Kerrey, now a veteran US senator.
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This candidate speaks very fluently and is able to give long, complex and very detailed responses without any loss of coherence, repetition or language searches. She uses a wide range of discourse markers naturally and precisely. Her range of vocabulary allows a high degree of precision and flexibility with plenty of examples of stylistically appropriate language. Only occasional inaccuracies or slight inappropriacies (Competition is quite big) restrict her rating. She uses a wide range of complex structures with the majority of sentences being error-free. However, there are examples of inappropriate choice of tense and other occasional, non-systematic errors. Candidate J is easy to understand throughout the test, in spite of her accent. Although there are occasional mispronunciations of individual phonemes, these have minimal effect on communication. She is able to use a wide range of features, such as intonation and contrastive stress, to convey meaning.
This candidate’s high overall fluency and wide range of features with only occasional examples of inappropriate usage make her a strong example of a Band 8 candidate.
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http://ielts.lang-courses.com/recommendations-speaking/video-samples-of-ielts-speaking-interview/169-video-sample-of-ielts-speaking-interview-band-8.html
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APT prices entering 2011 were about $335/mtu and reached highs of $500 going into June. That month a softening occurred that continued throughout much of Q3, which many reported as a seasonal norm.
In August prices began to recover, rising from a high of $465 to $470 before starting to cool off again in mid-September. At the dawn of 2012, amid the pressure from weak demand, the average price range has been $415-420. Slow business has also seen the prices of other tungsten products, such as concentrate and oxide, soften.
Although data shows that China’s APT prices were an average of 80 percent higher year-on-year in the first 11 months of 2011, the figures also show that exports were down more than 6 percent. These statistics are notable given the predictions that supply shortages were likely to emerge in 2011 or 2012.
2011 saw lingering fears that China may flood the market with cheap material. There are, however, mounting indications that such threats are waning, perhaps the strongest of which are supply and demand. Tungsten is widely recognized as a scarce, critical, and strategic metal and industry players tend to agree that prices are now mostly influenced by these fundamentals.
Rising production costs and increasingly stringent regulations in China are undermining prices.
Still, China’s dominance in the tungsten game is of growing concern to governments and other consumers. One of the causes for uneasiness is the potential of supply threats. The UK, for example, placed tungsten near the top of its supply risk list for 2011. The document cited that the greatest risk were human factors, such as geopolitics between the haves and have-nots.
It also noted that competition for resources is growing, which highlights another issue. In addition to nations competing with one another for supply, they must compete with China’s increasing internal demand for the metal. Furthermore, given that most other nations have no domestic sources they continue to be largely forced to deal with the trend of increasingly strict export quotas.
Last year, China announced it was slashing 2012 tungsten export quotas to 15,400 tons from 15,700 in 2011. More recently the export quotas for the first half of 2012 were announced. The combined total between four categories of products is 11,380 tons. Tungsten oxide and blue oxide was the category with the largest allowance totaling 5,380 tons and APT and ammonium metatungstate follows with 3,036 tons permitted for export.
In 2011, there were also a growing number of complaints over tactics that may be aimed at providing Chinese consumers with competitive advantages. In addition to the export quotas, there are mounting accusations of efforts to export more value added products as opposed to the cheaper raw products. There also appears to be a trend of resistance to dropping export prices even when demand is weak and domestic prices are lowered accordingly.
The concerns over China’s grasp on the market, the desire for a diversity of sources, and a positive long-term tungsten outlook continue to serve as motivation for expansion and development projects.
Woulfe Mining (TSXV:WOF), for example, is pressing forward with bringing its Sangdong tungsten mine to production towards the end of 2012. Wolf Minerals (ASX:WLF,AIM:
WLFE) is continuing toward completing the redevelopment of the Hemerdon mine in the UK in 2013. Also aiming for production in 2013 is Ormonde Mining (LSE:ORM) with bringing its Barruecopardo tungsten project. And, in December Largo Resources (TSXV:LGO) announced the first commercial shipment of tungsten from their Currais Novos in Brazil.
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IQWiG - About Us
IQWiG was established by legislation as part of Germany's 2003 health reform. It is an independent, non-government and non-profit foundation that is intended to support evidence-based decision making in the German health care services. The Institute is funded through a levy on healthcare services and may also accept funding from the Federal Ministry of Health. The Institute accepts no sponsorship or advertising and does not seek grants. You can read more about the board and structure of the foundation and IQWiG at the IQWiG website.
IQWiG undertakes and publishes assessments of the effectiveness, quality and efficiency of health care services. It receives commissions from the Federal Joint Committee of Self-Administration of the Health Care Services (Gemeinsamer Bundesausschuss) and the Federal Ministry of Health (Bundesgesundheitsministerium) in areas including diagnostic and therapeutic interventions, disease management programs and the assessment of clinical guidelines.
The Institute is also a scientific resource for the general public and the health care community. It is an independent publisher of evidence-based consumer health and patient information, but does not provide individual patient advice.
IQWiG undertakes projects and research work on its own initiative. The work of the Institute's staff is supplemented by external contracting of projects. The Institute began operating on October 1, 2004. The Institute has departments, including one for the production of health information for the public.
The Director of the Institute is Professor Jürgen Windeler. He took up this post on September 1, 2010.
Gesundheitsinformation.de and Informed Health Online
The basic concept for the website www.gesundheitsinformation.de was developed by the members of the department in 2005 under the direction of Hilda Bastian. On February 14, 2006 the website went online for the general public, followed by the launch of the English-language version, www.informedhealthonline.org, in May of 2006. Hilda Bastian was editor-in-chief of the website until late March, 2011.
By publishing this bilingual website, IQWiG fulfills part of its legal mandate to educate the public in matters of health. The website addresses both (healthy) consumers, as well as patients by presenting a wide range of different topics.
In selecting topics, the editorial staff draws upon various sources: The Health Information Department may be commissioned directly by the Federal Joint Committee or the German Federal Ministry of Health to work on certain topics. The second source is the reports issued by the other departments of the institute, most of which were also commissioned by the Federal Joint Committee or the Federal Ministry of Health. In addition, the editorial staff also keep an eye on new scientific publications so that they are able to select suitable topics on health care or important diseases.
Draft versions of the texts created by the editorial staff are submitted to different advisory groups, patient representatives and IQWiG’s board for comments. The texts are also tested in advance by users, and their feedback is considered in the further editing stages. Editorial authority remains with IQWiG.
Gesundheitsinformation.de is to a large extent the product of the entire institute working together. Usually, members of other departments are involved, for instance by providing medical, scientific or statistical expertise. The members of the Health Information Department have experience in communication, nursing and social sciences as well as in the field of evidence-based health care and medicine.
The Department's members are:
- Dr. Klaus Koch (Head of Department and Editor-in-Chief)
- Dr. Andreas Waltering (Deputy Head of Department)
- Roland Büchter
- Frederike Buhse
- Dr. Martina Ehrlich
- Bettina Eilmes
- Dennis Fechtelpeter
- Inger Janßen
- Sabine Keller
- Heidemarie Kufner-Rausch
- Yamina Merabet
- Sabine Mooren
- Susanne Müller
- Tina Rhodes
- Thomas Swinehart
- Martin Wegmann
- Beate Wiegard
- Regina Will
- Beate Zschorlich
- Agnieszka Lajca (student assistant)
- Elisa Wolff (student assistant)
We are grateful to the consumer groups, and dozens of patients and consumer advocates who have contributed to the contents of this website in the following ways:
- Providing their views on which topics would be interesting to them
- Evaluating drafts of our information
- Contribute their personal stories to this website through personal interviews
- User-testing of the website
External expert input
We are also grateful to the research authors and content experts who have commented on draft versions of our information.
The information on this website are based on the best evidence that was available at the time of publication. Every article provides the date of publication, as well as the evidence on which the information is based.
We undertake extensive literature searches for relevant high quality evidence for the topics we publish. We rely primarily on systematic reviews of trials to answer questions on the effectiveness of treatments and other interventions. You can read more about systematic reviews and why we use them here.
All of the research we use has been evaluated by our team to ensure that it meets our standards for research quality. Drafts of our information go through multiple stages of quality assurance involving patients as well as healthcare experts from Germany and around the world.
We maintain a watch for new systematic reviews to find those that might interest our readers. This process also helps us know when information on our website needs to be updated in the light of new knowledge. This will help us be sure that outdated information is removed from our website. You can read more about our scientific and editorial methods on the IQWiG website.
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The forever war – why a Chinese girl has red hair
|July 18, 2012||Posted by Koanic under Neanderthal Pride|
When you zoom out of history to the level where empires rise and fall, and peoples migrate, conquer, collapse, are absorbed, and disappear, you find that the story is always the same.
The Thal stock, the original stock, is light – non-black hair, non-brown eyes, fair skin. The others are darker. The others are weaker, but breed faster, have more numbers, are more agricultural, and have higher population density.
Time and again, the Thal stock conquers, rules, creates a great civilization, and is subsumed in the fast breeding mass of the lower class.
Whites (and Neanderthals before them – the anthropological consensus on this is simply lying) once ranged from Asia to the Americas. Whether it’s Greece, the Vikings, or Genghis Khan, the pattern endlessly repeats.
Wherever you look, you see the imprint of these contesting currents of genetic will.
John Glubb’s famous time limit on the cycle of empire is merely a function of breeding ratios. One day, all history will be rewritten with attention to each population’s genetic contribution from the sacred Neanderthal line – the flame of civilization. And the endless barbarian gyrations of Africa, millenia of non-history, will be predictable mathematical fact.
Here’s just one example, taken from the comments of a reddit post on a Chinese girl born with red hair. HT to Frost.
Actually, Central Asia used to be filled with redheads (until Asians pushed up from the south about 3,000 years ago). When they arrived, they found Caucasoids, and essentially bred them out. So you’ll see Caucasoid traits cropping up every so often.
Quote: “Persian historian Rashid-al-Din recorded in his ‘Chronicles’ that the legendary ‘glittering’ ancestor of Genghis Khan was tall, long-bearded, red-haired, and green-eyed. Rashid al-Din also described the first meeting of Genghis and Kublai Khan, when Genghis Khan was surprised to find that Kublai had not inherited his red hair.”
Caucasoid tribes in Central Asia stretched as far as Siberia. Sub-groups like Scythians, Khazars and Tocharians all were known for their red hair.
You can still see the older substratum of Caucasoids in Afghanistan and Pakistan. Take for instance these Caucasoids from the foot of the Himalayas (from the Hunza tribe): http://farm6.static.flickr.com/5012/5532898748_d6b2d2f450.jpg
According to archaeological digs, the ancestors of these Caucasoids pre-date the Mongoloids by millennia. You can see the demographic changes still going on as Mongoloids breed out Caucasoids (whom they outnumber), leading to hybrids like this from Afghanistan: http://pastmist.files.wordpress.com/2009/04/oirat_mongol5.jpg?w=460&h=306&h=306
So it’s not very surprising (from a paleogenetic perspective) for you to find a Mongoloid girl in Nepal (in this very region) with red hair. It happens more frequently than you’re aware. Like in the Xinjiang region of China (where the so-called ‘blond mummies’ were found). The Euripoid people were called the Tocharians (and in DNA tests, they clustered with Central Europeans). But their homeland was Central Asia. On the territory upon which they lived you still see Caucasoid traits cropping up among the now-Mongoloid population: http://pastmists.files.wordpress.com/2009/11/uyghur_xinjiang_1.jpg?w=460
The human race is very young. A mere 200,000 years. When the first global genome study was undertaken by Luca Cavalli-Sforza, he said that the one thing that shocked him was how little people moved.
For instance, when Iberia was tested the majority of the population could be traced to aboriginal groups that went back between 40- and 50,000 years.
I repeat: The human race is a mere 200,000 years-old. So imagine spending a quarter of that time in the same place.
To put it in perspective, most anthropologists place the divergence of Mongoloids from Caucasoids at about 20,000 years.
So Basques have been in Spain for more than twice the length of time that Mongoloids even existed.
If it’s true what geneticists and physical anthropologists tell us (that Mongoloids branched off of Caucasoids, and did so only about 20,000 years ago) then yes: It makes sense that Caucasoids would be in Central Asia and Siberia first. After all, they existed first.
That’s what the DNA tells us. That’s what the bones in the digs tell us.
The excavations are pretty clear. When you go back to paleolithic times, there are no “Mongoloid bones” for the reason that Mongoloids didn’t quite exist yet. As time marched on, the bifurcation took place. Mongoloids thrived further south, in Southeast Asia. Their numbers grew.
Anthropologists theorize that lactose intolerance helped Mongoloids. Most people in the West are unaware that Asians are about 97% lactose-intolerant. This happened because they didn’t have cows in their geographical region, and they thrived on a rice-based culture. It allowed an earlier weaning of the children and this way women could get pregnant more rapidly (hormones that favor lactation impede pregnancy). At the same time, for a nomadic population of hunter-gatherers, having too many children at a time posed a problem and a sedentary group of farmers could not be confronted with such an issue.
Who were hunter-gatherers? Why, the nomadic horse-riding Caucasoids in Central Asia. Their communities couldn’t sustain the number of children that sedantary Mongoloid populations could. (Furthermore, unlike the Mongoloids, they were a cow-based, milk-drinking culture. Non-lactose-intolerant children weaned longer, making the women have shorter fertility periods.) So the Caucasoids—though enjoying greater height and more robust bones—were quite simply outbred.
India’s a fascinating place. It’s more than a nation; it’s a “sub-continent”. That term isn’t used lightly. They have over 800 languages, and a half a dozen different races. They have Caucasoids, Australoids, Veddoids, Asiatics, etc.
It’s so hard to speak of India in sweeping generalizations. One, however, that’s more or less true is the unifying influence of their Southeast Asian heritage. Female haplogroup M is one of the few unifying haplogroups of India. It comes from Southeast Asia and is found predominantly in Indonesia, Vietnam, Bangladesh, etc.
Maternally, Indians are, for lack of a better word, Mongoloid. Paternally, they’re dozens of different things.
They were culturally and linguistically Indo-Europeanized a bunch of times throughout their history; but the ethnological “Indo-Europeans” never had the numbers to make much of a dent in the racial makeup of the sub-continent (outside of the extreme north). You see clear Iranids up there, but, as you go farther south, you get the older substratum of Dravidians, Austroloids and Veddoids.
CNN’s Fareed Zakaria is a classic Veddoid type (in case you don’t know what these anthropological terms mean). The type originated in East Africa, went across Yemen and the Saudi peninsula and moved on to India. It’s one of India’s oldest types: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Fareed_zakaria_2007.jpg/220px-Fareed_zakaria_2007.jpg
In the north, you have more Iranid types [like Ben Kingsley]: http://teovilma.blognownow.com/uploads/ben_kingsley_2011_04.jpg
But a thousand Ben Kingsleys are only going to make a modest dent in a population of a billion Fareed Zakarias.
Yeah, according to first-hand accounts from the time-period, Genghis Khan didn’t look like the actor who portrayed him in the movie “Bill and Ted’s Excellent Adventure”: http://filmdrunk.uproxx.com/ul/361-BillTedKhan.jpg
He probably looked a lot more like Suleiman the Magnificent (whose ancestry was from the steppes to the east of the Black Sea region): http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/EmperorSuleiman.jpg/220px-EmperorSuleiman.jpg
Both were redheaded, and looked a lot like these Scyths from Central Asia: http://listverse.files.wordpress.com/2010/01/tattooschreiber-dep34.jpg
“The Scyths are a large and powerful nation: they have all deep blue eyes, and bright red hair.” —Herodotus
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More than a year after the uprising began, only 50 people were still around to protest in a Syrian town of burned buildings and pockmarked storefronts.
But for the residents of Anadan who came together to call for freedom and dignity on the morningSyria'scease-fire began last month, it was as though the revolution had begun again.
"We were willing to come out like it was our first day," said Abu Ghaith, an activist in the town near Aleppo that rebels seized and lost again to government forces. "Our strength is in being peaceful."
For months, activists who helped spark the uprising against the regime of President Bashar Assad by nonviolent means had seen it slip away as others in the opposition took up arms and the conflict began to resemble a civil war.
Now the United Nations-backed cease-fire, which has seen numerous violations but also an easing of the bloodshed, is providing an apt anti-violence backdrop to activists' efforts to retake the revolution.
The week the cease-fire began, activists campaigned online for what to name the upcoming Friday protests, which is put up for a vote each week. In the end, the name "A Revolution for All Syrians" was chosen over a more militant one, and was hailed as a victory by peace activists.
Their position has been bolstered by the poorly armed rebels' inability to defend against brutal government crackdowns in places such as Homs and Idlib and the lack of any foreseeable outside military aid, underscoring the difficulties of trying to unseat Assad through force.
The activists point out that the armed revolution has only further alienated Syria's silent majority in cities such as Damascus and Aleppo who are horrified by the bloody images they see on state TV. Only through peaceful acts of defiance, they say, will this group join the revolution.
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The Quakers were greatly encouraged with the success of their colonies in West New Jersey. The prospect of establishing on the banks of the Delaware a free State, founded on the principle of universal brotherhood, kindled a new enthusiasm in the mind of William Penn. For more than a quarter of a century the Friends had been buffeted with shameful persecutions. Imprisonment, exile, and proscription had been their constant portion, but had not sufficed to abate their zeal or to quench their hopes of the future. The lofty purpose and philanthropic spirit of Penn urged him to find for his afflicted people an asylum of rest. In June of 1680 he went boldly to King Charles, and petitioned for a grant of territory and the privilege of founding a Quaker commonwealth in the New World.
The petition was seconded by powerful friends in Parliament. On the 5th of March, 1681, a charter was granted; the great seal of England, with the signature of Charles II., was affixed; and William Penn became the proprietor of Pennsylvania. The vast domain embraced under the new patent was bounded on the east by the river Delaware, extended north and south over three degrees of latitude, and westward through five degrees of longitude. Only the three counties comprising the present State of Delaware were reserved for the duke of York.
In consideration of this grant, Penn relinguished a claim of sixteen hundred pound sterling which the British government owed to his father's estate. He declare that his objects were to found a free commonwealth without respect to the color, race, or religion of the inhabitants; to subdue the natives with no other weapons than love and justice; to establish a refuge for the people of his own faith; and to enlarge the borders of the British empire. One of the first acts of the great proprietor was to address a letter to the Swedes who might be included within the limits of his province, telling to be of good cheer, to keep their homes, make their own laws, and fear to oppression.
Within a month from the date of his charter, Penn published to the English nation a glowing account of his new country beyond the Delaware, praising the beuty of the scenery and salubrity of the climate, promising freedom of conscience and equal rights, and inviting emigration. There was an immediate and hearty response. In the course of the summer three shiploads of Quaker emigrants left England for the land of promise. William Markham, agent of the proprietor, came as leader of the company and deputy-governor of the province. He was instructed by Penn to rule in accordance with law, to deal justly with all men, and especially to make a league of friendship with the Indians. In October of the same year the anxious proprietor sent a letter directly to the natives of the territory, assuring them of his honest purposes and brotherly affection.
The next care of Penn was to draw up a frame of government for his province. The consitution which he framed was liberal almost to a fault; and the people were allowed to adopt or reject it as they might deem proper.
In the meantime, the duke of York had been induced to surrender his claim to the three reserved counties on the Delaware. The whole country on the western bank of the bay and river, from the open ocean below Cape Henlopen to the forty-third degree of north latitude, was now under the dominion of Penn. The summer of 1682 was spent in further preparation. On the 27th of October, the proprietor at the head of a large company of emigrants landed at New Castle, where the people were waiting to receive them.
William Penn, the founder of Philadelphia, was born on the 14th of October, 1644. He was the oldest son of Vice-Admiral Sir William Pann of the British navy. At the age of twelve he was sent to the University of Oxford, where he distinguished himself as a student until he was expelled on account of his religious opinions. Afterward he traveled on the Continent; was again a student; returned to study law at London; went to Ireland; became a soldier; heard the preaching of Loe, a famous Quaker, and was converted to that faith. His disappointed and angry father drove him out of doors, but he was not to be turned from his course. He publicly proclaimed the doctrines of the Friends; was arrested and imprisoned for nine months in the Tower of London. Being released, he repeated the offense, and lay for half a year in a dongeon at Newgate. A second time liberated, but despairing of toleration for his people in England, he cast his gaze across the Atlantic. West Jersey was purchased; but the boundary was narrow, and the great-souled proprietor sought a grander and more beautiful domain. His petition was heard with favor and the charter of Pennsylvania granted by King Charles. Colonists came teeming; and now the Quaker king himself, without pomp or parade, without the discharge of cannon or vainglorious ceremony, was come to New Castle to found a government on the basis of fraternity and peace. It was fitting that he should call the new republic a holy experiment. As soon as the landing was effected, Penn delivered an effectionate and cheerful address to the crowd of Sweded, Dutch, and English who came to greet him. His former pledges of a lliberal and just government were public renewed, and the people were exhorted to sobriety and honesty.
Before Penn's arrival, treaties had been made, lands purchased, and pledges of friendship given between the Friends and the Red men. Now a great conference was appointed with the native chiefs. All the sachems of the lenni Lenapes and other neighboring tribes were invited to assemble. The council was held on the banks of the Delaware under the open sky. Penn, accompanied by a few unarmed friends, clad in the simple garb of the Quakers, came to the appointed spot and took his station under a venerable elm, now leafless; for it was winter. The chieftains, also unarmed, sat, after the manner of their race, in a semicircle on the ground. It was not Penn's object to purchase lands, to provide for the interests of trade, or t make a formal treaty, but rather to assure the untutored children of the woods of his honest purposes and brotherly affection. Standing before them with grave demeanor and speaking by an interpreter, he said: "My Friends: We have met on the broad pathway of good faith. We are all one flesh and blood. Being brethren, no advantage shall be taken on either side. When disputes arise, we will settle them in council. Between us there shall be nothing but openness and love." The chiefs replied: "While the rivers run and the sun shines we will live in peace with the children of William Penn."
No record was made of the treaty, for none was needed. Its terms were written, not on decaying parchment, but on the living hearts of men. No deed of violence or injustice ever marred the sacred covenant. The Indians vied with the Quakers in keeping unbroken the pledge of perpetual peace. For more than seventy years during which the province remained under the control of the Friends, not a single war-whoop was heard within the borders of Pennsyvania. The Quaker hat and coat proved to be a better defense for the wearer than coat-of-mail and musket.
During the winter Penn busied himself with drawing a map of his proposed capital. The beautiful neck of land between the Schuykill and the Delaware was selected and purchased of the Swedes. In February of 1683 the native chestnuts, walnuts, and ashes were blazed to indicate the lines of the streets, and Philadelphia--City of Brotherly Love--was founded. Within a month a general assembly was in session at the new capital. The work of legislation was begun and a form of government adopted which was esentially a representative democracy. The leading officers were the governor, a council consisting of a limited number of men chosen for three years, and a larger popular assembly, to be annually elected. Penn conceded everything to the people; but the power of vetoing objectionable acts of the council was left in his hands.
The growth of Philadelphia was astonishing. In the summer of 1683 there were only three or four houses. The ground-squirrels still lived in their burrows, and the wild deer ran through the town without alarm. In 1685 the city contained six hundred houses; the schoolmaster had come and the printing-press had begun its work. In another year Philadelphia had outgrown New York. Penn's work of establishing a free State in America had been well and nobly done. In August of 1684 he took an affectionate farewell of his flourishing colony, and sailed for England. Thomas Lloyd was appointed as president during the absence of the proprietor, and five commissioners, members of the provincial council, were chosen to assist in the government.
Nothing occurred to disturb the peace of Pennsylvania until the secession of Delaware in 1691. The three lower counties, which, ever since the arrival of Penn, had been united on terms of equality with the six counties of Pennsylvania, became dissatisfied with some acts of the general assembly and insisted on a separation. The proprietor gave a relunctant consent; Delaware withdrew from the union and received a separate deputy-governor.
William Penn was a friend and favorite of the Stuart kings. It was from Charles II. that he had received the charter of Pennsylvania. Now that the royal house was overthrown, he sympathized with the fallen monarch and looked with coldness on the new sovereigns, William and Mary. For some real or supposed adherence to the cause of the exiled James II., Penn was several times arrested and imprisoned. In 1692 his proprietary rights were taken away, and by a royal commission the government of Pennsylvania was transferred to Fletcher of New York. In the following year Delaware shared the same fate; all the provinces between Connecticut and Maryland were consolidated under Fletcher's authority. In the meantime, the suspicions against Penn's loyalty were found to be groundless, and he was restored to his rights as governor of Pennsylvania.
In December of 1699, Penn again visited his American commonwealth. The prosperity of the was all that could be desired; but the people were somewhat dissatisfied with the forms of government. The lower counties were again embittered against the acts of the assembly. In order to restore peace and harmony, the benevolent proprietor drew up another consitution, more liberal than the first, extending the powers of the people and omitting the objectionable features of the former charter. But Delaware had fallen into chronic discontent, and would not accept the new frame of government. In 1702 the general assemblies of the two provinces were convened apart; and in the following year Delaware and Pennsylvania were finally separated. But the rights of Penn as proprietor of the whole territory remained as before, and a common governor continued to preside over both colonies.
In the winter of 1701, William Penn bade a final adieu to his friends in America and returned to England. The English ministers had formed the design of abolishing all the proprietary governments, with a view to the establishment of royal governments instead. The presence and influence of Penn were especially required in England in order to prevent the success of the ministerial scheme. After much controversy his rights were recognized and secured against encroachment. But the end of his labors was at hand. In July of 1718 the magnanimous founder of Pennsylvania sank to his final rest. His estates, vast and valuable, but much encumbered with debt, were bequeathed to his three sons, John, Thomas, and Richard, who thus became proprietors of Pennsylvania. By them, or their deputies, the province was governed until the American Revolution. In the year 1779, the entire claims of the Penn family to the soil and jurisdiction of the State were purchased by the legislature of Pennsylvania for a hundred and thirty thousand pounds sterling.
The colonial history of the State founded by William Penn and the Quakers is one of special interest and pleasure. It is a narrative that recounts the victories of peace and the triumph of the nobler virtues over violence and wrong. It is doubtful whether the history of any other colony in the world is touched with so many traits of innocence and truth. When the nations grow mercenary and the times seem full of fraud, the early annals of Pennsylvania may well be recited as a perpetual protest against the seeming success of evil. "I will found a free colony for all mankind," were the words of William Penn. It was fitting that the bells of his capital city should one day ring out the first glad notes of American Independence.
Return to Ridpath's History of the United States Table of Contents
Return to E-Books Index
Return to California AHGP Home Page
Return to Sacramento County AHGP Home Page
© 2000-2002 by Jacque Rogers
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Portlanders took their concerns about a fired Portland police officer to City Hall Monday. They were reacting to a state arbitrator's ruling in the case of former officer Ron Frashour.
Frashour shot and killed an unarmed black man named Aaron Campbell, two years ago. The city later fired Frashour for his actions. But Friday afternoon, the arbitrator ordered the city to reinstate Frashour and pay him lost wages.
Kristian Foden-Vencil went to Monday’s protest march, and joins us now. Good afternoon, Kristian.
Beth: This case first starts a couple of years ago, when Aaron Campbell died. What happened that night?
Kristian: Yes, it's a very sad story. Aaron was distraught over the death of his brother. He was at his girlfriend's apartment. Her kids were there, too.
He'd told those around him that he was suicidal and there was a gun on the property.
Police arrived after a 9-1-1 call.
They asked him to let the kids out. He did.
They asked him to come out of the apartment. He did.
They told him to put his hands up. His hands were clasped behind his head, a move which some say got him killed.
Police know at this point that he'd resisted arrest in the past and had been charged with domestic violence and carrying a weapon. So they're on edge. Shouting for him to put his hands up —they meant up in the air-- they open fire with beanbag rounds.
Campbell then either stumbles forward from being hit -- or as officer Ron Frashour sees it -- starts running to find cover so he can use a gun to fire on other officers.
Frashour then shot Campbell in the back. The officer told the grand jury, “in my mind I knew he was grabbing his gun.”
Beth: Now, Portland Mayor Sam Adams and Police Chief Mike Reese fired Frashour later that same year, 2010, saying it was unreasonable to believe Campbell posed an immediate threat of death or physical injury.
But on Friday, the state arbitrator's office ruled Frashour should be reinstated.
That's a big difference of opinion. Where does it stem from?
Kristian: Yes. This basically comes down to a difference over police training. The Mayor and Police Chief don't think Frashour followed it. The police union and now the state arbitrator's office think he did.
Officer Daryl Turner, the president of the Portland Police Association, spoke on OPB's Think Out Loud this morning.
"This was a very difficult and tragic situation, there's no doubt about that. However, Officer Frashour did follow his training, he did follow the policy and procedures of the Portland Police Bureau and that's what the arbitrator decided too," Turner said.
Beth: But many Portlanders think Frashour didn't follow police training. Have you got an example?
Kristian: Yes. Here's Reverend T. Allen Bethel of Northeast Portland's Maranatha Church -- again from Think Out Loud.
"Where I believe that the training or the process when wrong was first of all the escalation. From Mr. Campbell coming out with his hands raised, a surrendered position. Then the escalation of the firing of the bean bags, that ultimately caused him to even begin to move, if you're continuously being shot, by that by the officer saying I'm trying to being him into compliance. So we asked the question, was he not already in compliance, what further compliance were you looking for and you needed? Then with officer Frashour's ear piece being out of his ear. That at that point we believe that his is out of the line of command and therefore when he takes that shot, he's taking that shot on his thought and he's not in line with command," Bethel said.
Beth: So you were out at the protest today. What were people saying?
Kristian: Well in a word, they were angry.
When Frashour was fired, a lot of people felt that for the first time in many many years, a Portland officer had been disciplined for shooting someone who was unarmed.
Now they feel betrayed.
Reverend LeRoy Haynes, with the Albina Ministerial Alliance, says the arbitrator's ruling essentially means Portland's police officers are no longer accountable to the city.
"It is saying to the citizens of Portland that any officer can do whatever they want to do to any citizens of this city of Portland. We need a review of the arbitration system. We need a review of the policy. We need a review of the training," Haynes said.
There were more than a hundred people there. Black and white. Young and old. They carried signs saying things like: '"Fire Killer Cops" and "The Portland Police Bureau - where murder gets you a paid vacation."
John Davis, the stepfather of Aaron Campbell also made an appearance.
"The main thing I'm saying is let's look at these laws. Let's look at changing some of these rules. The police work for the city. I don't have a problem with the job, I have a problem with the way a lot of things have been done on the job. That's right," Davis said.
Campbell's family settled a wrongful death suit with the city for $1.2 million two months ago.
Beth: Now the state arbitrator has told the city to reinstate Ron Frashour, what's next?
Kristian: Well, Portland Mayor Sam Adams, has said he'll appeal the decision -- likely in front of the State Employment Relations Board.
That could take some time. But meanwhile, the African-American community and many other Portland residents are placing their hope in the US Department of Justice. It’s in the midst of a civil rights investigation into the 'patterns and practices' of the Portland Police Bureau.
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Andromeda Galaxy, cataloged as M31 and NGC 224, the closest large galaxy to the Milky Way and the only one visible to the naked eye in the Northern Hemisphere. It is also known as the Great Nebula in Andromeda. It is 2.2 million light-years away and is part of the Local Group of several galaxies that includes the Milky Way, which it largely resembles in shape and composition, although the Milky Way is a barred spiral galaxy and Andromeda is a spiral galaxy. It has a diameter of about 165,000 light-years and contains at least 200 billion stars. Its two brightest companion galaxies are M32 and M110. The light arriving at earth from the Andromeda Galaxy is shifted toward the blue end of the spectrum, whereas the light from all other cosmic sources exhibits red shift.
The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Copyright © 2012, Columbia University Press. All rights reserved.
More on Andromeda Galaxy from Fact Monster:
See more Encyclopedia articles on: Astronomy: General
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Bookworld with Brendle: George R.R. Martin's "A Guild of Men"
Martin handles the verbal conflict as carefully and insightfully as he does those of an intense melee battle between warriors. The reader can actually feel the sweat on these men's brows and the weight of their bodies as they shift nervously, each deciding for himself upon which side to fall. The themes of A Guild of Men run deeply throughout all 1423 pages of this novel. Martin forces the reader to ask himself whether there is merit in spending all of one's time worshiping a series of fables, dedicating one's self to their intricate, albeit irrelevant, mythology. Do the Tometalkers serve a great purpose, or are they turning their backs on society, contributing nothing of worth, endlessly going over the same arguments, so insulated that any outside idea is mercilessly combated?
Like his popular Song of Fire and Ice series, A Guild of Men raises interesting questions about learned knowledge versus experienced knowledge, as evidenced in a later passage during another outburst by Vitus Eirrell.
"You continue to denigrate women, to dismiss children, and you seem to enjoy quite well enough the descriptions of women and children in the texts. How do you reconcile the violence and disrespect for them with the reality of mistreating or demeaning another human being?" I shouted, banging my fists on the stone table. Gutlon raised his brows and looked Eirell square in the eyes.
"Unlike you, my opinion of women has not been sullied by firsthand experience. I preserve the sacred knowledge of the texts and do not need any other source of information upon which to make my judgments," he said, his face red with anger. "And as children go, I suggest you read up on Survival of the Fittest. It's how nature works. The strong survive, the weak perish. Where are your Gods? Laughing at you. That is, they would be, if they existed."
I was stunned, as the Elderr's retort earned the applause of the guild. How could they think this was admirable?
Many readers will find Vitus to be an unbearable villain, but Martin paints a multi-dimensional picture of his character, one that allows for some good to creep in. Martin, often called "the American Tolkien," builds his characters through their arc with a subtle mastery one might even call sublime. For instance, Elderr Gutlon's transition from stodgy, bearded Guildmaster to the Savior of the Tometalkers happens almost magically, as he wills himself to action in order to preserve the defense of the sacred books:
"There are many who will tell you the sacred texts are not sacred. That they are meaningless drivel, sold as snake oil to those unable to cope with reality, a salve for social inadequacy, a panacea for sexual isolation. They will tell you these lies and others. That all the texts are the same, that the Prophets of the Order of RR are indistinguishable and equal. That even lesser texts such as the Chronicles of the Lanced Dragon or the Legend of Durden Drizzle should be considered alongside them. Ha! These are books for children. Men read the sacred texts alone. And only those who dedicate themselves fully understand the great personal boon they bestow upon the faithful."
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A Level Law
After completion of GCSE, most students in the United Kingdom prefer to enrol themselves in the A-level courses available in the schools. These courses are popular as they provide students with the opportunity to specialise in subjects of their choice.
A great deal of preparation is required to prepare for A- level examinations. With A level courses, every student in the UK can now aim to find a place in the top universities. These courses not only help them to excel in their career but also give them respectable grounding if they decide to join any organisation after completion of such courses.
However, A level courses can be studied at home, too. These courses enable a student to have in-depth knowledge on some specific subjects before they go to the university. Choosing the specialisation is a hard thing to do and needs time and consideration.
The first thing students should keep in their mind is the subjects that they are interested in. The liking of a subject is an important aspect as this can enhance the commitment towards it.
The subjects selected by the students must also match their strengths, in regards to their capability of handling those subjects. Students good in essay writing may choose English as their specialized subject. Those who are fond of solving problems may choose Psychology as their specialization. Some may choose Mathematics as they love playing with figures and equations while others decide on law.
Students studying Law through Distance Learning typically either go on to study Law at university level or enter into law firms to continue their education in a vocational setting.
If you'd like to learn more about A level home study courses, you'll notice a lot of in-depth data and resources on Oxford Open Learning website: www.ool.co.uk. Their courses are well structured and with hard work will prepare you for your exams in your chosen subject.
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I “discovered” “Viva Tirado” back around 1990, when Kid Frost sampled/interpolated parts of it for “La Raza” but I didn’t realize the greater genealogy of the song until later in the decade when one of my academic mentors, Josh Kun, put me up on how Frost was flipping an El Chicano song that, in turn, was based on a Gerald Wilson original.
The connection planted a tenacious seed in my head and for the dozen years after that, I slowly began to flesh out the story behind what I call the song’s “multiple iterations” and specifically, how “Viva Tirado” is at the center of a rather remarkable, multi-generational conversation between L.A.’s Black and Brown communities. After all, here’s a song, originally written by a Black composer in honor of a Mexican bullfighter, covered by a Chicano band steeped in Black R&B and jazz, then sampled by the first major Chicano rap artist. It seems no matter where the song goes, it’s always a bridge between cultures; this becomes even more true once “Viva Tirado” goes international and falls into the hands of everyone from Augustus Pablo to Nico Gomez to Los Mozambiques.
I finally had the chance a few years ago to collect these ideas into an academic essay that just came out in the Journal of Popular Music Studies. They actually use my essay as the “free” offering from this month’s issue and for the occasion, I prepared a mini-mega-mix of “Viva Tirado” versions to the site.
You can find it all here. It really is an astounding story for those who don’t know it and I feel like I wrote my essay with scholarly rigor but hopefully still accessible enough for the “lay person” to read. The mix of songs includes some of my personal favorite versions of “Viva Tirado” though there were many versions I could have included but didn’t.
Also, here’s some rare 1971 footage of El Chicano performing the song live, during the era where they had taken the song to the top of multiple charts.
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|If your hair looks like this you either have a bad hairdresser or you are about to be hit by lightning. Neither is good.|
Standing under trees is a really bad idea during a thunderstorm--something I learned firsthand when I was an undergraduate at Cornell. An intense thunderstorm hit the campus and some students in my dorm were watching from under a tree. The tree was hit and several them were laid flat by the blast....they ended up in the hospital...and some of them were permanently affected. Remember, if lightning strikes a tall object the current can descend the tree and jump to nearby objects (like YOU). It can also reach the ground and spread around the wet surface.
If lighting is in the area, you are generally safe inside structures if you keep away from plumbing and electrical devices (no showers!, unplug your electronics and computers!). Cars are good because even if they are hit, the current stays in the frame/body of the car. If you are out in a field or level area, get away from trees or structures, find a low spot, and kneel or crouch down...DON'T lie flat on the ground---a nearby hit can send currents along the surface. Covering your ears is not a bad idea either.
|Official Lightning Position|
|Golf and Lightning Don't Mix|
Lightning can and does strike the same place more than once.
Lightning can strike several miles from the center of the thunderstorm, far outside the rain or thunderstorm cloud. “Bolts from the blue” can strike 10-15 miles from the thunderstorm.
You will not always have warning from thunder. Here in the NW we often have thunderstorms with very few lightning strikes. Also, depending on atmospheric conditions the thunder sound wave may not reach you or propagate above your head.
Today there are a number of downloadable smartphone apps that keep track of your position and will warn you when a lightning storm approaches. (I have not reviewed any of them)
Tonight there is a dying thunderstorm over the eastern slopes of the Washington Cascades after a day of lots of lighting east of the Cascade crest. But we are not out of the woods yet...another possible thunderstorm period late Thursday/early Friday.
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<urn:uuid:aa38325b-d238-407f-8713-497e231645d4>
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http://cliffmass.blogspot.com/2012/07/lightning-safety.html
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en
| 0.949393
| 466
| 2.34375
| 2
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Best Poems by
great poets : Some of the greatest famous poems by
your favourite poets . . .
Elegy Written In A Country Church-Yard by Thomas Gray
The curfew tolls the knell of parting day,
The lowing herd wind slowly o'er the lea,
The ploughman homeward plods his weary way,
And leaves the world to darkness, and to me.
Now fades the glimmering landscape on the sight,
And all the air a solemn stillness holds,
Save where the beetle wheels his droning flight,
And drowsy tinklings lull the distant folds:
Save that from yonder ivy-mantled tower
The moping owl does to the moon complain
Of such as, wandering near her secret bower,
Molest her ancient solitary reign.
Beneath those rugged elms, that yew-tree's shade,
Where heaves the turf in many a mouldering heap,
Each in his narrow cell for ever laid,
The rude Forefathers of the hamlet sleep.
The breezy call of incense-breathing morn,
The swallow twittering from the straw-built shed,
The cock's shrill clarion, or the echoing horn,
No more shall rouse them from their lowly bed.
For them no more the blazing hearth shall burn,
Or busy housewife ply her evening care:
No children run to lisp their sire's return,
Or climb his knees the envied kiss to share,
Oft did the harvest to their sickle yield,
Their furrow oft the stubborn glebe has broke;
How jocund did they drive their team afield!
How bow'd the woods beneath their sturdy stroke!
Let not Ambition mock their useful toil,
Their homely joys, and destiny obscure;
Nor Grandeur hear with a disdainful smile
The short and simple annals of the Poor.
The boast of heraldry, the pomp of power,
And all that beauty, all that wealth e'er gave,
Awaits alike th' inevitable hour:-
The paths of glory lead but to the grave.
Nor you, ye Proud, impute to these the fault
If Memory o'er their tomb no trophies raise,
Where through the long-drawn aisle and fretted vault
The pealing anthem swells the note of praise.
Can storied urn or animated bust
Back to its mansion call the fleeting breath?
Can Honour's voice provoke the silent dust,
Or Flattery soothe the dull cold ear of Death?
Perhaps in this neglected spot is laid
Some heart once pregnant with celestial fire;
Hands, that the rod of empire might have sway'd,
Or waked to ecstasy the living lyre:
But Knowledge to their eyes her ample page,
Rich with the spoils of time, did ne'er unroll;
Chill Penury repress'd their noble rage,
And froze the genial current of the soul.
Full many a gem of purest ray serene
The dark unfathom'd caves of ocean bear:
Full many a flower is born to blush unseen,
And waste its sweetness on the desert air.
Some village-Hampden, that with dauntless breast
The little tyrant of his fields withstood,
Some mute inglorious Milton here may rest,
Some Cromwell, guiltless of his country's blood.
Th' applause of list'ning senates to command,
The threats of pain and ruin to despise,
To scatter plenty o'er a smiling land,
And read their history in a nation's eyes,
Their lot forbad: nor circumscribed alone
Their growing virtues, but their crimes confined;
Forbad to wade through slaughter to a throne,
And shut the gates of mercy on mankind,
The struggling pangs of conscious truth to hide,
To quench the blushes of ingenuous shame,
Or heap the shrine of Luxury and Pride
With incense kindled at the Muse's flame.
Far from the madding crowd's ignoble strife,
Their sober wishes never learn'd to stray;
Along the cool sequester'd vale of life
They kept the noiseless tenour of their way.
Yet e'en these bones from insult to protect
Some frail memorial still erected nigh,
With uncouth rhymes and shapeless sculpture deck'd,
Implores the passing tribute of a sigh.
Their name, their years, spelt by th' unletter'd Muse,
The place of fame and elegy supply:
And many a holy text around she strews,
That teach the rustic moralist to die.
For who, to dumb forgetfulness a prey,
This pleasing anxious being e'er resign'd,
Let the warm precincts of the cheerful day,
Nor cast one longing lingering look behind?
On some fond breast the parting soul relies,
Some pious drops the closing eye requires;
E'en from the tomb the voice of Nature cries,
E'en in our ashes live their wonted fires.
For thee, who, mindful of th' unhonour'd dead,
Dost in these lines their artless tale relate;
If chance, by lonely contemplation led,
Some kindred spirit shall inquire thy fate,
Haply some hoary-headed swain may say,
'Oft have we seen him at the peep of dawn
Brushing with hasty steps the dews away,
To meet the sun upon the upland lawn;
'There at the foot of yonder nodding beech
That wreathes its old fantastic roots so high.
His listless length at noontide would he stretch,
And pore upon the brook that babbles by.
'Hand by yon wood, now smiling as in scorn,
Muttering his wayward fancies he would rove;
Now drooping, woeful wan, like one forlorn,
Or crazed with car, or cross'd in hopeless love.
'One morn I miss'd him on the custom'd hill,
Along the heath, and near his favourite tree;
Another came; nor yet beside the rill,
Nor up the lawn, nor at the wood was he;
'The next with dirges due in sad array
Slow through the church-way path we saw him borne,-
Approach and read (for thou canst read) the lay
Graved on the stone beneath yon aged thorn.'
Here rests his head upon the lap of Earth
A Youth, to Fortune and to Fame unknown;
Fair Science frown'd not on his humble birth,
And Melancholy mark'd him for her own.
Large was his bounty, and his soul sincere;
Heaven did a recompense as largely send:
He gave to Misery all he had, a tear,
He gain'd from Heaven, 'twas all he wish'd, a friend.
No farther seek his merits to disclose,
Or draw his frailties from their dread abode,
(There they alike in trembling hope repose,)
The bosom of his Father and his God.
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<urn:uuid:60a70691-f3c1-4d47-978c-8ecca3740125>
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http://www.famous-poems.biz/Best-Poems/Famous-Poem-Elegy-Written-In-A-Country-Church-Yard-by-Thomas-Gray.htm
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368699273641/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516101433-00006-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz
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en
| 0.920222
| 1,548
| 2.3125
| 2
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Microsoft Windows users face an unprecedented and skyrocketing number of threats from a widening variety of sources. New virus and spyware programs are appearing at an alarming rate. In September 2008, Kaspersky Lab reported that the number of virus, adware, Trojan, and other malicious programs tripled during the first six months of 2008 versus the previous six months. In all, the lab’s statistics indicate that some 440,311 new malware programs appeared from January through June, compared to just 136,953 for the preceding six months.
Malware programs continue to mutate; many take advantage of social networking sites, which make it easier to distribute infections via simple e-mail messages supposedly sent by trusted friends.
From dangerous rootkits to continually evolving viruses and spyware, Windows users require an anti-malware application that provides effective protection without robbing a system of its computing capacity. Of course, no single program or application is capable of completely protecting a Windows user from all threats, but some applications are better than others.
Norton AntiVirus 2009 with AntiSpyware simplifies what’s becoming an evermore complicated process. Norton’s newest antivirus software provides effective antivirus, antispyware, anti-rootkit, and browser and intrusion protection without overly cannibalizing system capacity.
Just as malware threats are constantly changing — Lavasoft estimates that typical Zlob Trojans mutate every 15-60 minutes to avoid detection — so, too, must security software maintain pace. Norton AntiVirus 2009 with Antispyware features rapid pulse updates that update antivirus signatures every 5 to 15 minutes.
Norton’s antivirus application, redesigned in 2008 and tweaked in 2009, also boasts a simple interface. While possessing deep customization capabilities, the software, out-of-the-box, is easy to load and operate. That’s critical, especially for less technical users whose systems often become compromised using less effective security software and then feed botnets that work to infect countless others.
Compared to other popular antivirus applications, Norton AntiVirus 2009 with AntiSpyware boasts several advantages:
- Accurate antivirus, antispyware, and anti-rootkit engines
- Frequent signature updates
- Outstanding performance
- Automatic e-mail and instant messaging protection
- Thorough bot, browser, and worm protection
- Simple interaction and reporting features
The real world
As a small business technology consultant, I regularly troubleshoot, repair, and recover infected systems. Working with a wide variety of computers from a wide variety of organizations, not too mention numerous residential clients, I have considerable real-world experience with all the leading antivirus applications as well as many lesser known security programs favored by an organization’s or client’s previous computer technician.
Prior to 2008, it was my experience that Norton security products, including its Internet security and system suites, did not provide adequate protection. I also found older versions consumed far too great a share of system resources. When I tested Norton’s 2008 antivirus software on a Windows Vista machine, I was very impressed with its performance. I wrote my opinions, and boy, did the TechRepublic community respond.
It was clear, from those responses, that many TechRepublic readers had also experienced some of the same issues I had with Norton’s older products. But the 2008 version proved quite different, and after a year of using the product I feel my comments held up very well.
With the release of the 2009 version, I continue to believe Norton AntiVirus 2009 with Antispyware is the right tool for fighting viruses and spyware. While the application may not be the most potent program for removing existing infections (any IT professional with a modicum of experience knows a variety of diagnosis and removal tools, utilities, strategies, and methods are required depending on the nature and number of infections), Norton’s newest antivirus offering is as capable as any I’ve seen. Further, Norton’s high performance holds true; this program does not cannibalize system resources.
Last year, I also wrote about one drawback, namely, the need for an uninstallation tool when Norton antivirus products fail or require removal. Since then I’ve found this is almost a universal truth; numerous major antivirus manufacturers, including TrendMicro, McAfee and ESET, distribute and maintain removal tools for those occasions when their products fail or become corrupted. That’s just an unfortunate necessity when using antivirus and antispyware programs.
On those occasions when I’ve attempted a hurried fix and connected a client system to my main network (instead of my test network), the Norton antivirus engine on my main production system has done its job. On several occasions it caught and contained threats, including a heinous W32 virus that jumped from a client’s PC to my thumb-drive (prompting me to use only CDs now when troubleshooting client systems). Further, Norton AntiVirus has effectively spotted compromising utilities within a special disk partition I maintain for my own network discovery, wireless probing, and password-recovery utilities.
One other real-world item to note is licensing. In last year’s Norton Right Tool discussion, some technology professionals recommended simply using free versions of AVG’s or Avira’s antivirus tools. In many cases, that’s illegal. AVG (and Avira) clearly state in the accompanying license agreements that those products are limited to one installment per household and that the software cannot be used in any business or commercial (including nonprofit) capacity.
Organizations with systems and data to protect should always deploy legal, licensed software. In addition to eliminating legal liability, the professional-licensed versions of these software packages offer other benefits, such as customizable scans and more frequent database updates.
Norton AntiVirus 2009 with AntiSpyware continues improving upon significant advancements made to Norton’s antivirus lineup in 2008. In addition to effective, accurate detection and containment, the 2009 edition of Norton’s antivirus software consumes few system resources.
Stay on top of the latest XP tips and tricks with TechRepublic’s Windows XP newsletter, delivered every Thursday. Automatically sign up today!
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<urn:uuid:ddcdabad-cbee-4148-aaa3-e9c94ceb85e3>
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http://www.techrepublic.com/blog/window-on-windows/norton-antivirus-2009-with-antispyware-gets-the-job-done/814?tag=btxcsim
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368706890813/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516122130-00050-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz
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en
| 0.918153
| 1,294
| 2.4375
| 2
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WASHINGTON, DC — Aung San Suu Kyi’s widely heralded visit to the United States provides ample opportunity to celebrate her freedom and inspires high hopes for Myanmar’s transition to a more peaceful and democratic future.
Yet her visit also reminds us that much more work remains to be done to achieve that goal for all the people of Myanmar, formerly known as Burma. The international community must proceed with caution to ensure that progress toward greater openness and new commerce does not come at the cost of greater human rights abuses for Myanmar’s ethnic minorities.
During her visit, Suu Kyi, has given the green light to Congress to ease sanctions on her country and promote investment. Investment can certainly be a force for good, creating jobs and eradicating the poverty that is epidemic in Myanmar. But economic development can have a downside as well.
A survey of 665 households this summer in eastern Myanmar conducted by Physicians for Human Rights showed that nearly one-third of them had experienced human rights violations in the past year, including forced labor, forced displacement, and physical attacks.
Abuses were much more common in communities situated near economic development projects like roads, or ports—just the kind of infrastructure projects likely to proliferate with the lifting of sanctions. The survey was conducted in Karen State, a mountainous region home primarily to the ethnic Karen minority, where conflict with the Burmese military has carried on for decades.
The high correlation between economic development and human rights abuses, especially forced labor, is a worrying indicator that ethnic communities rich in natural resources may face increased levels of oppression as international companies are welcomed into Myanmar.
The international community should use all tools at its disposal to guide new investment in a way that will best promote democratic values and protect all Myanmar’s people from violations of human rights. Companies should conduct human rights impact assessments, consult with local communities that may be affected by their investment, and adhere to United Nations guiding principles on business and human rights.
National governments should ensure that the companies they regulate do not collaborate with perpetrators of human rights violations in Myanmar, and that any company complicit in abuse is held accountable. States should also adopt Suu Kyi’s advice to make investment as transparent as possible. In her words, increased transparency would enable policymakers and watchdogs to “find out if what [companies] are doing is actually helping our country or harming it.”
Experience over decades has shown us that repressive regimes with long histories of targeting minorities do not change their entrenched patterns overnight. People concerned with human rights and democracy in Myanmar must recognize this moment in history as a crucial opportunity to press for changes that will ensure that the benefits of Myanmar’s welcome reforms can reach its ethnic communities.
Dr. Robert Lawrence is board chair of Physicians for Human Rights and professor at Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. Dr. Adam Richards, is a member of PHR board and is affiliated with that American Heart Association-Pharmaceutical Outcomes Research at UCLA. The PHR report is available here.
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<urn:uuid:9b38a61e-69e2-4c4b-8120-612879a6d048>
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http://www.globalpost.com/dispatches/globalpost-blogs/commentary/opening-myanmar-proceed-caution-protect-the-people
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en
| 0.955937
| 618
| 2.578125
| 3
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Special Lecture - Dr Paula Casal
Date: Monday, 15 February, 17:30-19:00 + dinner after
Venue: James Martin 21st Century School, Old Indian Institute, Broad Street
Speaker: Dr Paula Casal (University of Reading)
Title: “Apethics: Moral Reflections on the Great Apes”
Abstract: Recent scientific findings have caused a large increase in the number of people who believe that the great apes should have certain rights. This is an important and desirable development in the animal movement and in applied ethics. It does not, however, exhaust the connection between primatology and moral philosophy. Primatological data has also been employed to discuss personhood, full moral-standing, and the concept of agency. The talk discusses some less explored implications including the distinction between natural and social inequality, theories of crime and punishment, and new error theories, in the light of data regarding great apes’ abilities, politics and proto-moral behaviour.
Booking: No booking required for the lecture, but if you would like to attend the dinner afterwards please email email@example.com.
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<urn:uuid:197d9337-e51c-4134-9f9b-79022ed8ba14>
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http://www.ise.ox.ac.uk/archive_events_data/special_lecture_-_dr_paula_casal
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en
| 0.92756
| 244
| 1.820313
| 2
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Fast ForWord® was found to have positive effects on alphabetics, no discernible effects on reading fluency, and mixed effects on comprehension for beginning readers.
Fast ForWord® is a computer-based reading program intended to help students develop and strengthen the cognitive skills necessary for successful reading and learning. The program, which is designed to be used 30–100 minutes a day, 5 days a week, for 4–16 weeks, includes three series. The Fast ForWord® Language series and the Fast ForWord® Literacy series aim to build cognitive skills such as memory, attention, processing, and sequencing. They also strive to build language and reading skills, including listening accuracy, phonological awareness, and knowledge of language structures. The Fast ForWord® to Reading series (also known as the Fast ForWord® Reading series) aims to increase processing efficiency and further improve reading skills such as sound–letter associations, phonological awareness, word recognition, knowledge of English language conventions, vocabulary, and comprehension. The program is designed to adapt the nature and difficulty of the content based on individual student’s responses.
The What Works Clearinghouse (WWC) identified nine studies of Fast ForWord® that both fall within the scope of the Beginning Reading topic area and meet WWC evidence standards. Seven studies meet standards without reservations and two studies meet WWC evidence standards with reservations, and together, they included 1,390 students from several areas of the United States and Western Australia.
The WWC considers the extent of evidence for Fast ForWord® on the reading skills of beginning readers to be medium to large for two outcome domains—alphabetics and comprehension—and small for one outcome domain—reading fluency. There were no studies that meet standards in the general reading domain, so we do not report on the effectiveness of Fast ForWord® for that domain in this intervention report.
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<urn:uuid:65ec22fa-d68c-4e59-a53f-66f19537061d>
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http://ies.ed.gov/ncee/wwc/InterventionReport.aspx
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368706499548/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516121459-00051-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz
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en
| 0.942955
| 382
| 3.109375
| 3
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Bridging the gap between East and West
Growing up in the former Soviet Union, Andrey Gavrilyuk had little contact with foreigners, but he always had a desire to learn about other cultures. He began to study English in hopes of entering the Moscow Institute of Foreign Languages. However, when he was 18 his mother was diagnosed with cancer and he was not able to pursue his dream in Moscow, because he felt needed at home. While home, he chose to enter State Medical Academy to learn how to help others who suffer as his mother had. Doctors in Gavrilyuk’s part of the world do not have the same prestige enjoyed by doctors in America. For him, it would mean working in a strenuous occupation for low pay, but his desire to help others led him in this decision.
In spite of this change of plans, Gavrilyuk did not have to give up his dream of cross–cultural involvement. Around 1993, after the Soviet Union had collapsed, foreigners flooded his country. Andrey was immediately drawn to them and wanted to work alongside them. He again picked up his English studies and enrolled in intensive language classes.
As Gavrilyuk spent time with foreigners, he realized they struggled in their new surroundings because they lacked cultural understanding. Americans, for example, assumed that people in Gavrilyuk’s region would be the freest during the summer, so they planned to work with the nationals during this part of the year. What they didn’t know was the people were extremely busy at this time, coming home from work to labor in their gardens in preparation for the long winter. Had they come in the cold of winter, they would have found the nationals available for extra in–door activities as there isn’t much else that can be done when the temperature hovers at -40º.
In 1998, Gavrilyuk came to America to work for a few months, and he realized he also had to learn about cultural differences. In his country hitchhiking is a common way of getting around for those who don’t have cars, yet Gavrilyuk’s friends in America were appalled when he attempted to do the same here. Gavrilyuk also assumed Americans would help him figure out life in America. Gavrilyuk quickly learned that if he needed help, he had to ask for it.
While in America, Gavrilyuk heard about an organization in Columbia that trains Americans for work in the Russian–speaking world. He shared this organization’s vision that preparation is essential for effective cross–cultural work. He, his wife, and daughter moved to Columbia on July 4, 2000, to serve as Russian language and culture instructors with Russian Language Ministries.
Gavrilyuk has become an essential part of this training program. His commitment to excellence in every area of life (i.e. medical studies, proficiency in English), enables him to encourage his students to work their hardest in learning a difficult language. He desires the best of each of them. Gavrilyuk’s personal experience with cross–cultural misunderstanding helps his students see the importance of preparation. He says, “An ill–equipped cross–cultural worker can cause as much damage as an ill-equipped doctor.”
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<urn:uuid:1e6390f7-98ec-4117-8e97-01878b0beaae>
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http://www.thecolumbiastar.com/news/2006-03-03/News/012.html
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en
| 0.987033
| 675
| 2.296875
| 2
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Mineral-organic interfacial processes: potential roles in the origins of life
Life is believed to have originated on Earth [similar]4.4-3.5 Ga ago, via processes in which organic compounds supplied by the environment self-organized, in some geochemical environmental niches, into systems capable of replication with hereditary mutation. This process is generally supposed to have occurred in an aqueous environment and, likely, in the presence of minerals. Mineral surfaces present rich opportunities for heterogeneous catalysis and concentration which may have significantly altered and directed the process of prebiotic organic complexification leading to life. We review here general concepts in prebiotic mineral-organic interfacial processes, as well as recent advances in the study of mineral surface-organic interactions of potential relevance to understanding the origin of life.
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<urn:uuid:f61da9d5-9ac0-4f25-8f90-b52e2ec6c0f8>
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http://www.citeulike.org/user/parrot/article/12031555
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Did you know that a third of the SanDisk memory cards being used on Earth are actually fake? A SanDisk engineer recently shared this startling fact with a reader over at The Online Photographer:
[...] at any given time, approximately a third of the SanDisk memory cards (made by Toshiba) being used out there in the world are counterfeit. As in, not SanDisk memory cards at all—some other kind of cards dressed up as lookalikes.
Thirty percent, was the number quoted. A third, more or less.
To make sure you’re getting the real thing, always purchase your memory cards from reputable dealers.
Can you tell the difference between these two memory cards?
The one on the right is a real SanDisk card, while the one on the left is a counterfeit one purchased off eBay, where supposedly 70% of the memory cards are fake. Be careful when buying memory cards off eBay, especially when you’re planning to use them for photos that you can’t afford to lose!
Counterfeit Memory [The Online Photographer]
P.S.: On a more personal but related note, here’s my experience in the area of fake memory cards: some years ago I found a great deal on a 1GB memory card at a store in China. Only after getting home did I discover that it was actually a 512MB card repackaged as a 1GB one — and returns aren’t allowed over there!
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Do not put your trust in princes, in mortal men, who cannot save.
|Psalms 146:3 (NIV)|
Practically no program is truly self-contained; nearly all programs call out to other programs for resources, such as programs provided by the operating system, software libraries, and so on. Sometimes this calling out to other resources isn't obvious or involves a great deal of ``hidden'' infrastructure which must be depended on, e.g., the mechanisms to implement dynamic libraries. Clearly, you must be careful about what other resources your program trusts and you must make sure that the way you send requests to them.
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Depper, Corin (2008) Death at work: the cinematic imagination of J.G. Ballard. In: Baxter, Jeannette, (ed.) J. G. Ballard. London, U.K. : Continuum. pp. 50-65. (Contemporary Critical Perspectives) ISBN 9780826497260Full text not available from this archive.
Having made his home in Shepperton for the last forty years, JG Ballard has lived much of his creative life in the literal shadow of cinema: perhaps then it is unsurprising that his writing has exhibited such a pervasive fascination with film, as both the embodiment of popular culture in the last century, and as a form that offers new approaches to the experience of the world. This article explores three works by Ballard, 'The Atrocity Exhibition', 'Crash', and 'Empire of the Sun' through their cinematic adaptations, and seeks to demonstrate how Ballard’s work generates a complex series of interactions between literary and cinematic texts, effectively problematising the usually unidirectional relationship between source text and cinematic adaptation. Drawing on Gilles Deleuze’s work on the Cinematic Image and Francis Bacon (and considering Bacon’s own fascination with the proto-cinema of Muybridge and Marey) the work will be explored through a Deleuzian model that allows for the reflection and refraction of image and narrative. It will be argued that Ballard’s works effectively anticipate their cinematic revisioning, suggesting that the supposed ‘unfilmability’ of ‘The Atrocity Exhibition’ and ‘Crash’ lay less in any moral squeamishness, and more in the fact that they are novels that were effectively filmed in the very moment of their writing.
|Item Type:||Book Section|
|Physical Location:||This book is held in stock at Kingston University Library|
History of art, architecture and design
English language and literature
|Faculty, School or Research Centre:||Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences > School of Performance and Screen Studies|
|Depositing User:||Corin Depper|
|Date Deposited:||03 Mar 2010 09:54|
|Last Modified:||03 Mar 2010 09:54|
Actions (Repository Editors)
|Item Control Page|
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The Halachic Power of a Diyuk
Many people, when learning a shtikel Torah or a geshmake sugya,will inevitably make some sort of diyuk in their learning, whether in the words of the Tannaim and Amoraim, the Rishonim, or even in the Acharonim, in order to “come out with pshat”. This is basically an inference to understand the intent of the text, based on the precise choice of words used. These diyukim are usually in the realm of pilpul or lomdus, and sometimes “pashut pshat”, but every now and then an innocuous looking line might have actual halachic ramifications.
I would like to cite two prime examples of this based this week’s parsha, Parshas Mishpatim, where we find the first time the Torah mentions the prohibition of Bassar B’Chalav - mixing milk and meat. The Torah actually mentions this three times, to teach us that there are three separate prohibitions involved: cooking, eating, and deriving benefit from this forbidden mixture. Rabbinically, even eating chicken and milk together is prohibited. Due to the nature and potential for possible mix ups, Chazal made several other takkanos to make sure that “ne’er the twain shall meet”, including not having people eating both meat and milk at the same time at the same table, the waiting period mandated after eating meat and the rinsing, washing and palate cleansing required after eating milk products.
The first Mishna in the Chapter in Maseches Chullin dealing with the laws of Milk and Meat begins: “Kol HaBassar Assur Lvashel BeChalav…V’assur L’haalos Im HaGvina al HaShulchan”. “All meat (except for fish and grasshopper) is forbidden to cook in milk… and it’s forbidden to place (this meat together) with cheese on the table”.
The famed Rashash (Rabbi Shmuel Schtrashoun of Vilna) notes that when it comes to the prohibition of cooking milk and meat, the Mishna used the same words as the Torah, meat and milk. Yet, when it came to the Rabbinical injunction of not placing them both on the same table, instead of milk, the Mishna switched to the word cheese. To explain the Mishna’s choice of words, the Rashash makes an incredible three halachic diyukim in three separate aspects of this law, just from this one line of Mishna!
- The halacha mandates that one who has partaken of milk products must do a three step process: kinuach - palate cleansing by eating a hard food item (ex. cracker), rechitza - hand washing, and hadacha - rinsing out of the mouth, before being able to have a meat meal. The Rashash infers from our Mishna’s switching to the word cheese that it is emphasizing that this 3-step halacha only applies to eating actual cheese, since it is likely to leave some residue in the mouth. However, drinking good ol’ fashioned plain liquid milk, which does not, would only require a mouth rinsing (hadacha). Most authorities follow the Rashash’s diyuk and rule this way as well.
- As mentioned above, one of the steps needed after eating a milk meal before eating something meaty is rechitza - washing hands to make sure no residue remains. The Rashash is medayek again from the Mishna’s stressing of the word cheese that this hand washing is only necessary if one ate cheese - a milky food that was held in one’s hands. This would exclude actual milk, since it cannot be held in one’s hands, but rather requires a container or cup to be able to drink it. Furthermore, in view of the fact that one’s hands remain clean after drinking some milk (chocolate or otherwise), he opines that rechitza is not halachically required, similar to the Pri Chadash’s ruling that one who eats cheese with a fork (and thereby keeping his hands clean) does not have to wash his hands afterward. Although the basic halacha seems to follow the Rashash’s diyuk on this also, many feel that nevertheless one should still wash his hands after drinking a milk product, as hand washing does not usually entail too much effort.
- It is well known that if two people are eating together at a table, one eating meat and the other dairy, that a hekker, or something used to show that there is something different here (i.e. separate placemats, or putting something distinctive down), is required to highlight the fact that one is eating meat and the other dairy, and in order to serve as a constant reminder not to chas v’shalom possibly eat from each other’s plates and stumble in the prohibition of eating milk and meat together. The Rashash feels that the Mishna’s emphasis on the word “cheese” impacts this area as well. He maintains that the requirement of a hekker is dependant on the possibility of the food getting mixed up, and the one eating cheese might end up eating meat, and vice versa. Therefore, if one is merely drinking milk from a cup, there already is a built in hekker: the cup itself! Without the aid of the cup, the milk would not even be able to be drunk, let alone be possibly mixed up with the meat on the table. Therefore, he posits, if one is drinking milk at the same table with someone eating meat, no further hekker is required. The basic halacha seems to follow the Rashash’s diyuk on this as well, though several contemporary authorities feel that it is worthwhile to be stringent, based on people’s propensity to “dunk” their biscuits into their coffee, and the common occurrence of an open cup of coffee spilling.
Another excellent example of a related diyuk which has great halachic relevance is based on the wording of the Rema. The Shulchan Aruch rules that after eating meat one must wait six hours before eating milk. He then adds, based on the Rambam, that this waiting period even applies to one who merely chewed meat without actually swallowing it. The Rema, in his glosses to this halacha, writes with a slight variation, that it is proper to wait six hours after eating meat before cheese.
The illustrious Rabbi Akiva Eiger, infers from the Rema’s choice of words “after eating meat”, that he meant to dispute the Shulchan Aruch’s ruling on chewing. He maintains that the Rema’s intent was to rule that after merely chewing meat, one would not have to wait the full six hours, rather the “ikar din” of only one hour before being allowed to eat milk products.
Even though many authorities do not agree with this inference, and rule that even by chewing meat one has to wait the “full count”, nevertheless several authorities do rule like Rabbi Akiva Eiger’s understanding of the Rema’s position, and allowing for leniency for one who simply chewed.
In conclusion, as the Chofetz Chaim was wont to stress (albeit by the issues of lashon hara), we should never underestimate the (halachic) importance of even just one word.
“Lo Sevashel Gedi B’Chaleiv Imo”. Parshas Mishpatim (Shmos Ch.23, 19), Parshas Ki Sisa (Shmos Ch.34, 26), and Parshas Re’eh (Devarim Ch.14, 21).
There is, however, some debate as to how many of the 613 mitzvos this prohibition counts as. The Rambam (Sefer HaMitzvos, Lo Sa’aseh 186 & 187) and the Sefer HaChinuch (Mitzva 92 & 113) count it only as two mitzvos. The Tashbatz (Zohar Rakia, Azharos HaRashbag 197 - 200), however, counts it as the full three mitzvos, while the BeHa”G (Lavin 58) counts it as only one mitzvah. See Rabbi Yitzchak Aharon Kramer’s recent Arichas HaDaas (on Hilchos Basar B’Chalav and Taaruvos, Ch. 1, footnote 4).
Chullin 115b - Tanna D’bei Rabbi Yishmael - as the Biblical source for this prohibition. See Rashi’s commentary to Mishpatim ibid. (end s.v. lo sevashel) and Tur / Shulchan Aruch Y”D 87, 1. The Baal HaTurim, in his commentary to Devarim ibid (s.v. lo sevashel) brings ‘proof’ to this source, as the Gematria of the words “lo sevashel” (do not cook) equals that of the words -“Issur achila u’bishul v’hanaah” (prohibited for eating and cooking and deriving benefit) = 763.
Tur / Shulchan Aruch ibid; Rambam (Hilchos Mamrim Ch.2, 9) goes as far as to say that anyone who claims that a chicken and milk mixture is Biblically prohibited violates the Biblical commandment of ‘Bal Tosif”. This is the halacha, (following the Rambam, Rifand Rosh’s understanding of the Mishna in Chullin 113a) and not like Rashal (Yam Shel Shlomo Chullin Ch. 8, 100) and Bach (ad loc 2) who hold like Tosafos’ (Chullin 113a s.v. basar) understanding of the Mishna - see Shach (ad loc 4).
Gemara Chullin 114b. Rashi (ad loc s.v. aval hacha) understands this to mean that it is all considered one gezaira; however the Taz (Y”D 88, 1) seemingly understands that this case is an exception and Chazal made a gezaira l’gezaira. See Pri Megadim (ad loc M.Z. 1, based on Lechem Mishna - Hilchos Maachalos Asuros Ch. 9, 20 and Kenesses HaGedolah - Y”D 88 haghos HaTur 3), Chochmas Adam (40, 11), Yad Avraham (ad loc) and Aruch Hashulchan (ad loc 3).
Tur/ Shulchan Aruch Y”D 88, 1 & 2, based on Mishna & Gemara Chullin 103b - 104a and 107b.
Tur/ Shulchan Aruch Y”D 89, based on Gemara Chullin 105.
Chullin 103b - 104a.
In his commentary to the above-mentioned Mishna 103b.
Y”D 89, 2.
Including Rav Chaim Falag’i (Yafeh Lev vol. 8), and the Darchei Teshuva (Y”D 89, 2). Although the Badei Hashulchan (Y”D 89, 43) feels that one should be stringent with this, based on the words of the Issur V’Hetter (40, 8), see the Zair Hashulchan (Y”D 89, Pnei Hashulchan 78) who refutes this. Similarly, even though the Divrei Malkiel (Shu”t vol. 5, 47) opines not to rely on this (for a different reason), Rav Ovadia Yosef (Shu”t Yabia Omer vol. 6, Y”D 7 end 1 and Shu”t Yechaveh Daas vol. 3, 58, in the footnote) disproves his reasoning and concludes that the ikar follows the Rashash on this. Rav Moshe Sternbuch (Shu”t Teshuvos V’Hanhagos vol. 2, 390) and the Yalkut Yosef (IV”H vol. 3, 89, end 46, & 56) also rule this way.
Including the Pri Chadash (Y”D 89, 20), Shulchan Gavoah (ad loc, 8), Ba’er Heitiv (ad loc end 13) and Aruch Hashulchan (ad loc, 8).
Including the Pri Megadim (Y”D 89 S”D 20), Chida (Shiyurei Bracha ad loc 15), Atzei Ha’Olah (Hilchos BB”C 3, 12 & Chukei Chaim 9; he maintains that a fork is actually worse that a cup, as one might use his hands to push the food onto the fork) [Darchei Teshuva (above) implies this way as well], Ben Ish Chai (Year 2, Parshas Shlach 14), and Kaf HaChaim (Y”D 89, 34).
Tur/ Shulchan Aruch Y”D 88, 2; based on Gemara Chullin 104b. See earlier article “Ma’aseh Avos = Halacha L’Ma’aseh”.
Aruch Hashulchan (Y”D 88, 6).
Shu”t Maadanei Melachim (77), explaining his reasoning why he wrote to be machmir lchatchila in Maadanei Hashulchan (88, 3). IY”H the halachic issues of “coffee-dipping” will be further explored in a future article.
Rav Y.S. Elyashiv in Ha’aros B’Maseches Chullin (103b s.v. v’asur); Shaarei Shalom (on Piskei HaBen Ish Chai Y”D 88, 1, 1), based on the Maleches Shlomo (in his commentary to Mishnayos Chullin ad loc); similar to the Yad Avraham’s (ad loc) shitta, that open containers of milk or meat require extra vigilance due to their propensity to spill. An interesting minority opinion on this is the Badei Hashulchan’s (Y”D 88, 6 & Biurim s.v. al), who feels that one must be stringent with this, based on the opinion of the Ran, that the problem is that we are worried that one might even eat whatever is on the table, and rules that it forbidden to have even a sealed bag of milk on a table while eating meat. However, aside for the fact that the Aruch Hashulchan ruled explicitly like the Rashash, the other machmirim did also, and only said to be stringent lchatchila based on the tendency of an open cup to spill. See also Rabbi Yaakov Scozylas’s recent Ohel Yaakov (on Issur V’Hetter pg. 139, footnote 6) who cites Rav Chaim Kanievsky’s ruling, that there is no halachic issue with having a meat meal with a sealed bag of milk on the table.
Y”D 89, 1.
Rambam (Hilchos Maachalos Asuros Ch.9, 28). This ruling is also cited by the Tur (Y”D 89, 1). See Taz (Y”D 89, 1) and Pri Megadim (ad loc, M.Z. 89, 1).
Y”D 89, 2.
Including the Pri Toar (Y”D 89, 3), Pri Megadim (ad loc M.Z. 1, lo plug), Pischei Teshuva (ad loc, 1), Shiyurei Bracha (ad loc, 12), Atzei Ha’Olah (Hilchos BB”C 3, 2), Zivchei Tzedek (Y”D 89, 4), Ben Ish Chai (Year 2, Parshas Shlach 19), Yalkut Me’am Loez (Parshas Mishpatim, pg. 890), Shu”t Kapei Aharon (30), Kitzur Shulchan Aruch (46, 9) and Kaf Hachaim (Y”D 89, 4).
Including the Yad Yehuda (Y”D 89, Pih”a 1& Pih”k 3), Aruch Hashulchan (ad loc, 4), and Badei Hashulchan (ad loc 38). See also Maadanei Hashulchan (ad loc 4), who concludes that in a case of need, an Ashkenazi definitely has what to rely upon.
For any questions, comments or for the full Mareh Mekomos / sources, please email the author: firstname.lastname@example.org
Disclaimer: These are just a few basic guidelines and overview of the Halacha discussed in this article. This is by no means a complete comprehensive authoritative guide, but rather a brief summary to raise awareness of the issue. One should not compare similar cases in order to rules in any real case, but should refer his questions to a competent Halachic authority.
Disclaimer: This is not a comprehensive guide, rather a brief summary to raise awareness of the issues. In any real case one should ask a competent Halachic authority.
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It does seem that every time some earnest group puts out a report on the dangers of global warming, there’s a 2-foot snowfall somewhere the next day.
Turns out, there’s an explanation for the seemingly regular appearance of once-in-50-year storms, one that, like most things having to do with climate change, is slightly ominous.
Experts say that long-term we are likely to see more giant blizzards but less snow overall, and the reason is that a warmer atmosphere can hold more water, meaning more monsoon-like rains in the summer and more blizzards in the winter.
The Associated Press says a forthcoming study documents that there were twice as many extreme snowstorms in the past 50 years than in the 60 years before that.
Americans now on Social Security have to be somewhat disillusioned. Their parents’ stories of enduring worse winters and regularly trudging to school through 18 inches of snow are statistically bunk.
The Global Snow Lab at Rutgers University — and it’s good to know there is such a lab — says that this January saw the sixth-widest snow cover in the Northern Hemisphere but that the cover wasn’t as deep as previous snows.
Otherwise, says the lab, the snow cover has shrunk by around 1 million square miles in the last 45 years. And it predicts parts of the United States are likely to see their annual snowfalls drop between 30 and 70 percent by the end of the century.
The AP quoted one scientist as saying: “Short snow season, less snow overall, but the occasional knockout punch. That’s the new world we live in.”
People in snowy climes used to debate whether they would like the snow evenly distributed over the three months of winter or get it over with all at once, even if it meant burying their city under 3 feet of snow with the associated school closings, treacherous commutes and endless shoveling.
Mother Nature has apparently made that choice for us.
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Thursday, 20 Sep 2012
Foreign and Commonwealth Office logo
Russia: Interest Rates Rise To 8.25% - The Right Call?
British Embassy Moscow
Interest rates rise by 0.25% to 8.25% - the first change since last December. In coming to a decision, the Central Bank of Russia faced a dilemma: growth is starting to slow, whilst inflation is accelerating. The pressure of inflation, which has reached 6.3% and is pushing upwards, won out, but it was a tight call which came as a surprise for the markets – the majority of analysts had predicted no change.
On Thursday 13 September, the Central Bank of Russia (CBR) raised its benchmark refinancing rate by 0.25%, to 8.25%. The Bank’s overnight repo rate and overnight deposit rate were also raised, to 5.5% and 4.25% respectively. This was the first shift since a 0.25% reduction last December, and came as a surprise to the markets – the majority consensus amongst analysts had supported no change. The resultant correction in the exchange rate caused the rouble to rise to a four-month high against the dollar.
In a press release explaining its decision, the CBR highlighted the pace of inflation as the key factor. The CBR’s target for inflation this year is 5-6%, but the Bank revealed that year-on-year CPI rose by 6.3% to 10 September. Belated rises in administered prices and utility tariffs – which had been partially delayed since before the Presidential election – are partly responsible for this pressure, along with the rises in food prices being seen globally.
Several analysts noted that news of the decision came very late in the day, which suggests that there was some debate in the committee over the judgement. It was not a straightforward call: the CBR had to weigh up the rising inflationary pressures against a slowdown in domestic growth. The Ministry of Economics reported the previous week that GDP growth had slowed to 2.6% year-on-year in July, down from 4.5% year-on-year for the first half of 2012. But in their press release the CBR stated that it believes domestic demand remains robust, and that current economic output is close to its potential.
Responses to the move have been mixed. Comment in the Russian press has been largely factual, but some analysts have been more critical. Ivan Tchakarov, a respected chief economist at Renaissance Capital in Moscow, argued strongly that, as the rise in inflation is due to temporary supply-side changes (rises in food prices due to poor harvests and deferred utility price rises), the CBR’s decision is the incorrect response, and suggests that it may lack a deep understanding about how inflation targeting monetary policy operates.
Whilst unpredicted by the majority of analysts, the CBR’s decision is not a major shock: inflation rates have been rising quickly since June when CPI was 3.6%, and many expect it to reach 7% year-on-year by the end of 2012. The slowdown in growth rates is also of concern, but perhaps the CBR was somewhat reassured by recent developments on banking union and the European Stability Mechanism in Brussels, and the Fed’s QE3 launch in the US.
However, the balancing act between inflation and growth will continue over the coming months. As inflation is likely to continue to rise, there may be pressure to raise interest rates further this year. But policy makers will be watching the growth figures very closely. The CBR will look at interest rates again in early October.
The purpose of the FCO Country Update(s) for Business (”the Report”) prepared by UK Trade & Investment (UKTI) is to provide information and related comment to help recipients form their own judgments about making business decisions as to whether to invest or operate in a particular country. The Report’s contents were believed (at the time that the Report was prepared) to be reliable, but no representations or warranties, express or implied, are made or given by UKTI or its parent Departments (the Foreign and Commonwealth Office (FCO) and the Department for Business, Innovation and Skills (BIS)) as to the accuracy of the Report, its completeness or its suitability for any purpose. In particular, none of the Report’s contents should be construed as advice or solicitation to purchase or sell securities, commodities or any other form of financial instrument. No liability is accepted by UKTI, the FCO or BIS for any loss or damage (whether consequential or otherwise) which may arise out of or in connection with the Report.
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Book Review: Microsoft Silverlight 5 and Windows Azure Enterprise Integration
Late last year I was looking for information on Silverlight and Windows Azure and came across a RAW (preview) eBook named Microsoft Silverlight 4 and Windows Azure Enterprise Integration written by David Burela (@DavidBurela) . The eBook looked to be just what I needed so I bought it and found it to be helpful. David has now finished the book which Packt has released as Microsoft Silverlight 5 and Windows Azure Enterprise Integration.
There are a lot of books that go deep into Windows Azure technology, such as my Microsoft Windows Azure Development Cookbook. Going forward I think we will see more books like David’s that show how to integrate Windows Azure with other technologies such as, in this case, Silverlight. The book is targeted at Silverlight developers who want to use Windows Azure to provide back-end services such as scalable storage with the Windows Azure Storage Service and relational storage in SQL Azure.
The primary issue with using client-side technologies to access data stored in Windows Azure is authentication. Both the Windows Azure Storage Service and SQL Azure require that the caller be authenticated using either an authentication token or a password. It is not safe to expose these credentials in client-side code where they could be accessed by a malicious user. This book primarily focuses on how to use Windows Azure compute services to proxy access to secured Windows Azure features from Silverlight.
The book begins with a chapter describing how to get started with Silverlight and Windows Azure and provides information on additional tools that can facilitate development. The next chapter provides an overview of Windows Azure. Chapter 3 brings the introductory material to a conclusion by showing how to host a Silverlight application in Windows Azure.
The book continues with a sequence of chapters describing the queue, blob and table features of the Windows Azure Storage Service. Each chapter describes the feature and then provides a fully worked out sample showing how to access it from Silverlight. Several chapters provide various ways to access SQL Azure data from Silverlight and, again, come with fully worked out samples. Techniques covered include Entity Framework, RIA Services and OData. Finally the book closes with a few chapters discussing: how to scale-out the Windows Azure service (CQRS); authentication; and the Windows Azure Caching Service.
The coverage of Windows Azure is not as detailed as would be found in a book focused exclusively on Windows Azure. However, I like that the book provides a convenient reference for various ways of accessing secured Windows Azure resources from Silverlight. Indeed, the techniques are general enough to be applicable to any client accessing secured Windows Azure resources.
(Full disclosure) Packt asked if I would be willing to review the book and provided an eBook to allow me to do so. However, as I pointed out earlier, I actually bought my own copy of the book last year. You can never have too many copies of an eBook.
(Note: Opinions expressed in this article and its replies are the opinions of their respective authors and not those of DZone, Inc.)
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It Came From Outer SpaceOn Aug. 7, 1996, the war of the worlds began in earnest. At a press conference in NASA's Washington, D.C., headquarters, researchers announced that a craggy lump of rock teemed with evidence of ancient Martian life. If true, E.T. had been found.
Reviewed by Charles Seife
The Washington Post
Reviewed by Charles Seife
The Washington Post
Even if E.T. were friendly, the scientific atmosphere surrounding the discovery of the rock certainly wasn't. However, it seems that E.T. wasn't friendly. The Mars meteorite press conference sparked a vicious clash between two increasingly entrenched scientific camps. Critics immediately started discrediting the research, and the opposing groups battled for years about the true meaning of the extraterrestrial rock. Nearly a decade later, the wounds haven't healed. The fights were brutal because the stakes were so high.
Kathy Sawyer, who covered outer space for the Washington Post for 17 years, adeptly tells the saga in The Rock From Mars . However, the subtitle of her book is somewhat misleading; the story is more "Rashomon" than The Hound of the Baskervilles . There's no "Aha!" moment, no final answer to a burning mystery, no way to know definitively who's right and who's wrong. Good scientists and good journalists have looked at the same data and the same evidence and come to very different conclusions about whether or not the rock once harbored alien life.
This much is not in dispute: The rock is from Mars. It crashed down on the Antarctic ice about 13,000 years ago. The inside of the meteorite is dotted with fascinating, carbon-rich orange and black blobs. Upon closer inspection, the rock also contains little grains of iron-based material very similar to those found in some kinds of microbes. And it is full of wiener-like shapes that look like earthly bacteria, only smaller. NASA had found microscopic space sausages.
NASA geologist David McKay and his team of researchers took this data as substantial evidence that the rock was once teeming with Martian bacteria. Sawyer's book shines when she describes the team's intellectual struggles; she lovingly takes us into the scientists' laboratories and shows us how they finally reached their jaw-dropping conclusion. Sawyer then shepherds us from the intellectual leap to the political kerfuffle. Once McKay's group decided that they had evidence for ancient life on Mars, events quickly spun out of control. The scientific hypothesis began to take on greater and greater significance as it passed from the researchers to their superiors to NASA administrator Daniel Goldin -- who used the meteorite as a lever to give the struggling NASA a new mission -- and eventually to the White House.
However, the tale isn't all rosy. NASA's handling of the press conference alienated a number of scientists who felt that the researchers were being irresponsible with their claim of extraterrestrial life. In the following months and years, critics tore into the McKay team's conclusion and accused NASA of hyping the research. As the case for life in the Mars rock got fuzzier and fuzzier, the debate slowly sank away from the public gaze and away from the mainstream of scientific discourse.
Sawyer tells the story well, though her sympathetic portraits of NASA scientists and managers rely heavily on their points of view. This causes some problems with balance. From NASA's perspective, criticism of its work might well seem to be "belligerencies" or attacks laced with "sheer personal vitriol," as Sawyer describes them, but to scientists on the other side of the issue, their comments were justified scientific criticism of a high-profile study. Sawyer's prose tends to bolster one side and undermine the other, occasionally even bordering on ad hominem. For example, anti-Mars-life scientists are painted as needlessly pugnacious: one "antagonist" is "fonder of confrontation than most" while another "did not suffer criticism lightly."
It's excusable for a journalist to pick sides in a fight she's studied for so long. Less acceptable, though, is that Sawyer occasionally uses rhetoric to obscure opposing arguments rather than to elucidate them. In the 1990s, she writes, NASA began to present its best science results with "a series of news updates that included video and graphics, dissenting points of view, context, and a tilt toward English over jargon. The perceived success of this approach in attracting media coverage fed a current of indignation among those who considered such efforts unseemly."
This is unfair. Clarity and evenhandedness didn't infuriate NASA critics. The nay-sayers were angry because they thought that NASA's PR machine tended to hype scientific findings beyond reason when political stakes were high -- or, worse yet, that NASA tarted up subpar research and presented it to the public as first-rate science in order to justify otherwise unjustifiable spending. John Glenn's shuttle flight and the "world-class" laboratory work of the International Space Station are arguably prime examples. To some, so is the Mars meteorite.
NASA is in the midst, once more, of cost overruns and budget crises, and is desperately trying to redefine itself. As the agency presents fascinating news from Mars, Saturn and elsewhere in the universe, seeing how it gets its hands dirty politicizing science would provide an interesting counterweight. Even though this might disappoint some die-hard NASA fans, it would be worth seeing how space sausages are made.
More . . .
See Also: NASA's Next Leap in Mars Exploration Ready for Launch
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October 16, 2012
Netanyahu praises EU for new Iran sanctions
Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu praised the European Union for adopting new sanctions against Iran.
Netanyahu, speaking Tuesday at the start of a meeting in Jerusalem with European Union member state ambassadors, called the sanctions "tough" and said Iran was "the greatest threat to peace in our time."
"These sanctions are hitting the Iranian economy hard, (but) they haven’t yet rolled back the Iranian program. We'll know that they're achieving their goal when the centrifuges stop spinning and when the Iranian nuclear program is rolled back," he said.
The European Union Foreign Affairs Council on Monday adopted new economic sanctions against Iran that hit its banking, shipping and industrial areas.
"The Council reiterates its serious and deepening concerns over Iran's nuclear program and the urgent need for Iran to comply with all its international obligations, including full implementation by Iran of UNSC and IAEA Board of Governors' Resolutions," said a statement issued Monday by the foreign ministers of the 27 EU countries that referred to the United Nations Security Council and the U.N.'s nuclear watchdog, the International Atomic Energy Agency. "The Council condemns the continuing production of enriched uranium and expansion of Iran's enrichment capacity, including at the Fordow site."
The new sanctions come on top of an oil embargo imposed by the European Union earlier this year and new economic sanctions levied by the United States.
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Can’t remember the “i before e” rule? Don’t worry, neither could Jane Austen.
The beloved novelist — author of Sense and Sensibility, Pride and Prejudice, Mansfield Park and Emma — is known for her polished prose, her careful phrasing and her precise grammar. “Everything came finished from her pen,” Austen’s brother, Henry, said in 1818, a year after his sister’s death.
But now — though it may pain die-hard Austen fans — it turns out that Austen may have simply had a very good editor.
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Ask a question about 'Charles Fox (jazz critic)'
Start a new discussion about 'Charles Fox (jazz critic)'
Answer questions from other users
Charles Richard Jeremy Fox
(1921–1991 in Weymouth) was an English
England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental...
writer and broadcaster specialising in jazz
Jazz is a musical style that originated at the beginning of the 20th century in African American communities in the Southern United States. It was born out of a mix of African and European music traditions. From its early development until the present, jazz has incorporated music from 19th and 20th...
Fox worked as the jazz critic of the New Statesman
New Statesman is a British centre-left political and cultural magazine published weekly in London. Founded in 1913, and connected with leading members of the Fabian Society, the magazine reached a circulation peak in the late 1960s....
. In addition he occasionally contributed to The Guardian
The Guardian, formerly known as The Manchester Guardian , is a British national daily newspaper in the Berliner format...
, The Sunday Times
The Sunday Times is a British Sunday newspaper.The Sunday Times may also refer to:*The Sunday Times *The Sunday Times *The Sunday Times *The Sunday Times...
and The Gramophone
Gramophone is a magazine published monthly in London by Haymarket devoted to classical music and jazz, particularly recordings. It was founded in 1923 by the Scottish author Compton Mackenzie...
. From the early 1960s he hosted the British radio programme Jazz Today
. and regularly contributed interviews and documentary series to BBC Radio 3
BBC Radio 3 is a national radio station operated by the BBC within the United Kingdom. Its output centres on classical music and opera, but jazz, world music, drama, culture and the arts also feature. The station is the world’s most significant commissioner of new music, and its New Generation...
. He also wrote liner notes for British jazz releases.
Fox's book on Fats Waller
Fats Waller , born Thomas Wright Waller, was a jazz pianist, organist, composer, singer, and comedic entertainer...
was published in 1960. In 1984 he wrote a jazz recording guide titled The Essential Jazz Recordings
, i: Ragtime to Swing
with Max Harrison and Eric Thacker.
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Japanese society went from a mixture of folk religion, in an agricultural society to a little more codified religion that took the name of Shinto (神道) meaning litteraly the way of the kami.
We discuss Shintoism in more detail on its own page but let's summarize here by saying that the kami are not gods in the Christian meaning of the term. The term is often translated as god but it also includes forces of nature and other superior being. they can be both good or evil. They would be easier to understand as spirits but in the shamanic way, not the ghost sense of the word.
As in many societies, religion became a justification for the power in place to rule over the people. In Japan, Ō no Yasumaro wrote the Kojiki in 712 on the request of the empress. He compiled the various myths about the creation of the Japanese islands and the birth of different kami.
This text explained that Amaterasu-ōmikami, the goddess of the sun, would have sent her grand-son to control the earth and he would have become the first Japanese emperor. His descendant were said to be divine. This myth has been used all the way to 1946 when the then emperor, Showa, announced that he renounced the claim of being divine.
There is no religious right like in Christianity in Japan but the closest thing would be the right wingers who still believe that the emperor is divine and using it as a justification to claim being a superior race. Fortunately they are a very small minority.
In 552, Buddhism is introduced to Japan and is quickly used by the main clan to take control of the others and justify a movement toward modernization and the adoption of Chinese governmental and cultural models. From then, the religion of Buddhism became a religion of the elite while the people still worshipped the kami. This started the blend that we now know as Japanese religion.
Slowly, the major Shinto kami where incorporated in Buddhism, given roles and where worshipped alongside the Buddhas thus mixing both religion, which explain why the peaceful co-existence through the ages.
In 1868, the young emperor Meiji gained power over the Shogunate thus ending 260 years of dictatorship from the Tokugawa family. This is called the Meiji restoration.
In the wake of modernizing the country and passing from a feudal society to a modern society equal to the major powers of the day, Meiji disbanded the various samurai clan controlled armies to create a central, national army with modern weapons and tactics. This basically started the slow but constant march toward the fascist controlled military governement that attacked Pearl Harbor in 1941.
The same movement used Japanese religion to emphasize the claim that the emperor was of divine origin and literally brain-washed the population. In this effort, Shinto was institutionalized into what came to be known as state Shinto. Under this system, ideals, rituals and institutions were created by the government to promote the divinity of the emperor and the uniqueness of Japan.
The military government cracked down on emerging new religions that had the tendency of being more peaceful and critics of the government policies.
Also during that era, the government ordered the separation of Buddhism from Shinto. Until that point in time, the worship of Shinto and Buddhism was barely different and was often done in the same buildings. This wouldn't do for the imperial agency as Buddhism was a foreign religion thus working against their policies of a greater Japan.
They closed thousands of temples, confiscated land, forced a return to lay life of monks, destroyed books, statues and other Buddhist property. The policy was later abandoned but I'm sure it has contributed in great part to the decline of proper Buddhism and the rise of funeral Buddhism as we can observe it today.
Nowadays, Japanese religion is a peaceful co-existence of various religions, ancient or more modern. 98% of the population declares itself Buddhist even if they don't practice. They will visit temples and shrines for the New Year and for other rituals like births, funerals and marriages.
Religion is not taught in school, the young people don't know anything about the rituals and the history of the different religions.
With the lack of organization and power, the old religions slowly fade away and stronger, richer and more organized 'new religions' take their place.
The Japanese people are very tolerant of other religions and will rarely talk about it. On the contrary, people who try to convert others are often ostracized. This is mainly why some religions like Soka Gakkai and the Jehovah’s Witnesses gained bad press.
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Holocaust Denial on Trial, Appeal Judgment: Electronic Edition, by Lord Justice PillTable of Contents
|<< Deportation and murder of...||< Background||Ribbentrop's testimony >||Result >>|
Himmler's speeches of 6 October 1943 and 5 and 24 May 1944
85. It was common ground that in these speeches Himmler was speaking with remarkable frankness about the murder of the Jews and that, with effect from October 1943, it had to be conceded that Hitler cannot have been ignorant of the extermination programme. In the second speech, referring to the Jewish question, Himmler referred to carrying out "the soldierly order" and in the third speech to "orders" and to his "sense of duty". The respondents' case was that the speeches provided powerful evidence that Hitler ordered that the extermination of the Jews should take place. In Hitler's War (1977), the applicant commented on the reference to a "Fuhrer Order" in the speech of 5 May and stated that "there is reason to doubt that he [Himmler] showed this passage to his Fuhrer". The judge described this suggestion as "fanciful" and regarded the absence of any mention of the speech in Hitler's War (1991) as "another culpable omission". We agree with the judge's conclusions on this issue.
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Though he disappeared more than a month ago in China, Ai Weiwei's work continues to be shown in galleries and museums all over the world. The zodiac sculptures seen above were recently on display in New York City. More on the artist's exhibitions in London.
Kerim Otk / EPA
An employee works on the presentation of a sculpture by Chinese artist Ai Weiwei prior to the opening of his retrospective at the Lisson Gallery in London, May 11, 2011. The exhibition presenting a selection of the artist's works from the past six years, opens to the public May 13 and runs to July 16. Ai Weiwei was detained by authorities in Beijing, China on April 3, 2011 while trying to board a flight to Hong Kong. His whereabouts remain unknown.
Andrew Winning / Reuters
Visitors walk around Ai Weiwei's "Circle of Animals/Zodiac Heads" at Somerset House in London May 11, 2011. The exhibition which comprises of 12 bronze animal heads recreated from traditional Zodiac sculptures, is on view from May 12 to June 26.
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and other Details - ©Nicky Davis
Two females located by Todd Stout on Murdock Mountain. On July 27, 2008, Jack Harry, Les Davis and I located two females past mm 27 along the Mirror Lake Highway, Duchesne County, Utah. All females were returned to the same area after we obtained these eggs.
N. 40.40.881, W. 110.55.165
Elevation 10,349 feet
These females oviposited 160 ova on an unknown Vaccinium within a couple of days. They hatched after four days.
We put the larvae on Salix exigua (Brush Willow) which they refused to feed on, and all but 50 died. We moved the surviving 50 larvae to Diamondleaf Willow, Salix planifolia which was growing at the same location in which the females were flying. The larvae fed on that plant just fine. I kept them under light 24x7, nevertheless they all hibernated except one.
A pupa formed August 27, 2008 and a female butterfly hatched after six days.
Female eclosed 2 September 2008
Female eclosed 2 June 2009
The females oviposited on an unknown vaccinium and the larvae fed on D. Willow - Salix planifolia. After hibernation, they fed on Salix exigua. For photos of the host plant used, click on
Diamondleaf Willow, Salix planifolia
Back to Top
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