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March 31, 2010
Eco-Friendly Pet Care
Dogs, cats, birds, and more,
Maybe even a kangaroo,
We all have pets we adore,
They want to be green too!
U.S. Pets Go Green
If you are an American who loves their planet and their pet, why not combine these two passions and green your pet? There are many different ways that you can be both a responsible pet owner and a responsible resident of planet Earth.
- Playtime- Buy your pets toys, leashes, collars, and goods that are made from recycled materials or sustainable fibers such as those offered by Wagging Green.
- Wash Me - When it's time to wash your pet be sure to stay away from chemical laced products and use shampoos and conditioners derived from natural ingredients instead.
- Feed Me - Be sure to feed your pets natural or certified organic pet foods composed of sustainably raised meat and organically grown food products.
- Clean up After Me - Use biodegradable bags to clean up your doggie's poop and be sure to choose an eco-friendly Chemical Free Cat Litter.
- Naptime - Let your pet and the planet rest in comfort by purchasing beds and bedding that is made from sustainable or recycled materials such as those offered by West Paw Design.
Planet Green has an extensive list of different ways your pet can go green.
EcoPetStop is a great online store that offers green products for all pet types.
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Mitt Romney accused President Barack Obama of having a philosophy that is “in some respects foreign to the American experience type of philosophy” during an appearance on The Kudlow Report on Monday.
According to The Daily Kos, the presumptive Republican presidential candidate went on the show Monday to discuss Obama’s July 13 speech in Roanoke, Virginia. The Romney campaign has seized on a part of the speech where Obama says, “If you’ve been successful, you didn’t get there on your own. If you’ve got a business, you didn’t build that. Somebody else made that happen.”
Romney told host Larry Kudlow he found the entire speech more disconcerting as a whole.
“He says, you know, you think you’ve been successful because you’re smart, but he says a lot of people are smart,” Romney said. “You think you’ve been successful because you work hard, a lot of people work hard. This is an ideology which says hey, we’re all the same here, we ought to take from all and give to one another and that achievement, individual initiative and risk-taking and success are not to be rewarded as they have in the past. It’s a very strange and in some respects foreign to the American experience type of philosophy.”
Last week on The Rachel Maddow Show, former New York Times columnist Bob Herbert criticized Romney for falling in line with a decades-old Republican strategy using coded language to reach out to racist voters.
“With Barack Obama as president, the code words are ‘foreign,’ perhaps ‘Muslim,’ maybe ‘not Christian,’” Herbert said. “It all means not one of us and what they mean by ‘us’ is a certain kind of white person.”
During a speech Monday night in Oakland, Obama accused Romney of knowingly twisting his words.
“I understand these are the games that are played in political campaigns,” Obama said. “Although when folks omit entire sentences of what you said – splicing and dicing – they may have gone a little over the edge there.”
The video, posted by the Daily Kos July 24, is below:
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Foreign Self-Employed Person at a Shipyard
Welcome to Finnish Tax Administration’s web pages for foreigners at shipyards!
On this page there is information for foreign self-employed persons.
A self-employed person is a businessman, whose activity fulfils the signs of business (e.g. profit seeking, independence, method of system, continuance, economic risk). The payment for a self-employed person is nonwage compensation for work (in Finnish: työkorvaus) that means that the payment does not have the usual characteristics of wage payment. Wages or salary is paid for an employee. If you are an employee, read more about Employees: Foreign Employee at a Shipyard.
A foreign self-employed person is taxed on professional income in Finland only if he has a permanent establishment (fixed base) in Finland regularly available to him for the purpose of performing his business activities. Usually this kind of permanent establishment of professional activity is considered to be formed with the similar grounds than for other types of businesses. A foreign self-employed person can have a permanent establishment in Finland even though he hasn’t got an office here.
A permanent establishment is formed when a building or installation project lasts for more than the time limit defined in a tax treaty. Most often the time limit is 12 months. But the time limit defined in the tax treaty may be shorter or longer. For example, a permanent establishment is formed to a self-employed person who comes from Estonia, Latvia or Lithuania and he stays in Finland for longer than 183 days. A self-employed person who comes from some of the Nordic countries can be taxed in Finland though he hasn’t got a permanent establishment but he stays in Finland for more than 183 days.
Although this 12 months time limit is usually evaluated separately for each project, several projects carried out in the same building site may form a period of time that is considered to be one project. If a self-employed person has several projects in Finland and they can be considered to link to one another, all projects are counted in as the duration of the project is evaluated. Also the time that the subcontractor uses in his work is counted together with the main contractors time used in the work. Occasional interruptions of the work do not affect to the counted period of time.
If a project lasts longer than was expected and the period of time exceeds the time limit that constitutes a permanent establishment, the permanent establishment is considered to be formed from the beginning of the project.
If a self-employed person has a permanent establishment in Finland, he has to register his business in Finland. In addition to start-up notification also amendments or termination of business have to be registered. The forms needed are start-up notification (Y3) and notification on amendments or termination of business (Y6). The forms are available in the BIS (Finnish Business Information System, www.ytj.fi/english, Forms and instructions).
A self-employed person is usually registered in Value Added Tax register, prepayment register and possibly employer register.Before registration a self-employed person needs a Finnish personal identity code from Register office (www.maistraatti.fi/en/).
Value Added Tax (VAT)
Value added tax (VAT) is levied on the selling of goods and services in the form of business operations in Finland even if the seller is a foreigner and the selling is not conducted from a permanent establishment in Finland. As a rule, buyers are VAT-liable for goods and services if the seller is foreigner without permanent establishment in Finland (reverse tax liability). Foreigners carrying on business through a permanent establishment in Finland are VAT-liable just like Finnish businesses.
If a self-employed person pursues building or installation activities in Finland, either individual project or several successive ones, which last for longer than 9 months he has to register his business to the VAT-register. If in the beginning it’s known that the project is going to last for over 9 months or if the project due to an unexpected reason continues for over 9 months, the self-employed person is VAT liable from the beginning of the project.
Please note that permanent establishment in the meaning of Value Added Taxation differs from permanent establishment in the meaning of income taxation.
Changes in VAT taxation as of 1 January 2013
Periodic Tax Return
- From the beginning of year 2010 VAT and employer payments are reported in a periodic tax return and paid to the tax account. The payments are made according to the frequency of reporting, which can be either monthly, quarterly or yearly.
- Read more about reporting and paying here:
A self-employed person will be registered in the prepayment register on application.
If a self-employed person is prepayment-registered, the customer does not have to withhold tax before making a payment to him. If a self-employed person is not prepayment-registered, the customer has to withhold tax on the invoices or to withhold tax at source. It is possible for a foreign self-employed person to register for pre-payments, even though his businesses do not form a permanent establishment in Finland. The only precondition is that the native country of the self-employed person has a tax treaty with Finland. If a self-employed person neglects for instance to pay taxes or make withholdings it is removed from the prepayment register.
If a self-employed person stays in Finland max 6 months, a customer has to withhold tax at source 35 %, in case a self-employed person is not prepayment-registered or does not provide a tax-at-source showing a zero rate. If a self-employed person stays in Finland more than six months he is treated as a resident. When making payments to a resident person, the withholding rate is 60 % unless the person presents a tax card showing another withholding rate or is pre-payment registered.
It is easy to check valid prepayment registering in the BIS (The Business Information System, www.ytj.fi/english, BIS-search).
Obligation to withhold tax from an invoice that includes compensation for work
If a subcontractor gives the main contractor an invoice, it is the obligation of the latter to check whether the subcontractor is prepayment-registered or not. In the shipbuilding industry the customer does not have to withhold tax only when the payee is prepayment-registered or has a tax-at-source card showing a zero rate (see Prepayment register). The same rule applies to house building, earth-moving, water engineering, or other building work, assembly or installation project, transporting or cleaning, caring and nurturing work.
If the enterprise is not prepayment registered and does not have a tax-at-source card or a tax card showing a zero rate, it is an obligation of the customer to withhold taxes in the following way:
- 13 % tax-at-source, when the party presenting the invoice of compensation for work, is a foreign enterprise or a business partnership
- 13 % withholding tax, when the party presenting the invoice is a Finnish enterprise or a business partnership, or a foreign enterprise or a business partnership that has a permanent establishment in Finland
- 35 % tax-at-source, when the person getting paid for the compensation for work is other than a Finnish natural person (for example a foreign self-employed person), who stays in Finland max 6 months
- 60 % withholding tax, when the person getting paid for the compensation for work is a natural person (for example an employee or a self-employed person), who stays in Finland for more than 6 months and does not provide a tax card to the enterprise that makes the payment
Furthermore, the main contractor (the payer) is under the obligation to examine whether the subcontractor should be treated as an employee or as an independent contractor. In this way, the main contractor (the payer) is expected to examine the facts known to him and decide whether the payment is wages or another type of payment. If it is wages, the main contractor (the payer) should also take care of all other employer obligations.
If a non-resident has a permanent establishment in Finland, he may be taxed in Finland for all income attributable to the permanent establishment even if the income is not from Finland. If a self-employed person has a permanent establishment in Finland, the taxation of all income attributable to this permanent establishment is based on the net income. All expenses caused by acquiring the income are deductible from the turnover before computing the amount of the taxes.
In a non-treaty situation Finland may tax non-residents for profits from business conducted in Finland even though the activities would not constitute a permanent establishment. Income from conducting of business or a profession in Finland is considered to be Finnish-source income.
For individuals the income from business is divided to the portions of earned income and capital income. Earned income is subject to progressive taxation and capital income to 30 % tax, and capital income over 50 000 euro to 32 % tax. The capital income portion of the business income is deemed to correspond 20 % annual profit on the net assets of the previous tax year. Rest of the business income is taxed as earned income. If a self-employed person has started up the business during the tax year the portion of capital income is based on the net assets of the tax year in question.
If a self-employed person hasn’t got a certificate E 101/A1 or other corresponding certificate he also has to pay health insurance and per diem payments and other subjects relating to social security (for example pension).
Self-initiated advance tax
The taxable income is based on the net income. In statement of starting up a business, a self-employed person estimates the future sales and taxable income and self-initiated advance taxes are based on this estimate. If the outcome differs from the estimate, he can apply for changes or removal to self-initiated advance taxes. By paying taxes in advance a self-employed person can pay taxes in several instalments and also avoid the interest on back tax.
The business tax return of a self-employed person (form 5) has to be declared the year following the finished financial year. Self-employed persons receive also personal pre-completed tax returns. The personal pre-completed tax return will be returned only if there is something to add or correct. The business tax return must always be given. If there is a delay in filing of the tax return, a punitive tax increase is possible.
Information for a foreign self-employed person who will terminate business activities when leaving Finland
A self-employed person must inform termination of business in Finland and request the prepayment tax to be removed or lowered by filling form of business Y6. The balance sheet for last accounting period or some other account or for example income tax return for the tax year, must be attached.
If self-employed person has during the calendar year had other income which affects the prepayment tax he will file a separate application for changing or removal of prepayment tax.
It is recommended that at the same time before leaving Finland a self-employed person would file the income tax return if the activity in Finland will finish totally. (You have to note that on the tax return the right tax year is used.)
Person has an obligation to give a change of address –notice to the Registration office when leaving Finland.
NOTE: The information on this page is for general guidance only. More detailed information can be found on the Finnish Tax Administration’s Finnish and Swedish pages (www.tax.fi) or from a tax office.
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Top careers that don't require a four-year degree
Whether you're thinking about studying for online college degrees or even just taking a few accounting classes, you might be wondering about your prospects of finding work after graduation. In today's uncertain economy, many people are worried about whether investing the time, money and effort into a four-year degree is worth it. Fortunately, there are several fields that are in desperate need of skilled workers. The best part? None of them require a four-year degree.
• Electrician: You may have heard that good electricians are never out of work. While this is a slight exaggeration, it's true that the prospects for electricians are looking up. According to data from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, demand for electrical workers is projected to increase by 23 percent from 2010 to 2020, faster than the national average for all occupations. If you like the idea of working with electrical systems, you may want to find a local electrician apprenticeship. Although contracts vary in length, it usually takes between 3 and 5 years to complete one.
• Payroll clerk: Without these unsung heroes of the professional world, getting paid on time would be very difficult. Often working in offices, payroll clerks make sure that everyone's paycheck is processed in a timely manner, and frequently work with human resources managers to resolve any hiccups in the system relating to employee pay. A few accounting classes could be beneficial to aspiring payroll clerks, but according to The Huffington Post, many of these professionals learn the ropes through on-the-job training.
• Emergency services dispatcher: Any time somebody makes a 911 call for an ambulance, the police or fire department, emergency services dispatchers are the ones that make it happen. These professionals need to be cool, calm and work well under pressure, as people's lives may be at stake. However, despite the important work that emergency services dispatchers do, you don't need a traditional four-year degree to become one. According to PayScale, these professionals can earn between $21,239 and $50,342 per year.
• Loan officer: Ever applied for a bank loan, a credit card or even a mortgage? If so, chances are you discussed your plans with a loan officer. While a business degree can certainly be an asset to these professionals, it's by no means a firm prerequisite if you want to work in personal finance. However, if you plan on working as a commercial loan officer, you'll need additional schooling. According to the BLS, personal loan officers can earn up to $56,490 per year, so even if you choose not to go into the commercial aspect of loans, you can still earn a substantial paycheck.
• Registered nurse (RN): Even in today's uncertain economy, the healthcare sector is booming. As the population ages and advances in medical science improve people's life expectancy, the need for RNs has never been greater. In fact, according to the BLS, the need for RNs is expected to increase by 26 percent from 2010 to 2020, much faster than the national average of 14 percent for all occupations. All you need to become an RN is a nursing certificate, and if you choose to advance your career further down the road, you can do so through an RN to bachelor of science in nursing degree program.
• Pharmacy technician: In recent years, pharmacy technology programs have seen a sizable uptick in enrollments as more people seek accessible and affordable ways to launch careers in healthcare. To become a pharmacy technician, all you need is a certificate. Some states may require you to hold a valid license, but when it comes to entering the workforce quickly, a career as a pharmacy tech is hard to beat.
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|What is a stroke?||Stroke Signs and Symptoms||Stroke Prevention Tips||Learn about our Stroke Ambassador Program|
The NIH Stroke Center at Suburban Hospital
Since its inception in late 1999, the NIH Stroke Center at Suburban Hospital has been dedicated to researching the most effective ways to diagnose and treat stroke using new technologies and drugs. With physician-scientists from NIH working side-by-side with Suburban Hospital clinicians, the Suburban Hospital Stroke Program assures access to the most advanced medical protocols and cutting-edge technology.
This unique partnership has contributed to major advances in diagnosis and treatment for the more than 730,000 Americans who have strokes each year. The NIH Stroke Center at Suburban Hospital — the cornerstone of the Suburban Hospital Stroke Program — combines the world-class research capabilities of the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), with almost 70 years of clinical excellence at a hospital known for providing great medicine in a community setting. The result is one of the most advanced stroke treatment programs anywhere.
This collaborative effort was the first acute stroke treatment program in Montgomery County to receive certification as a Primary Stroke Center from The Joint Commission. More recently, The Suburban Hospital Stroke Program was named a specialty referral center for stroke by the Maryland Institute for Emergency Medical Services Systems (MIEMSS).
24-Hour Stroke Team
The Suburban Hospital Stroke Program incorporates a rapid-response medical team that is highly trained in the newest, most effective diagnostic and treatment procedures. As soon as a stroke patient arrives at Suburban Hospital, this multi-disciplinary team promptly goes into action to confirm the diagnosis, identify the type of stroke, and quickly initiate an optimal treatment plan.
The NIH-Suburban Hospital MRI Center is an integral part of our stroke program. The MRI allows clinicians to see the stroke as it is occurring in the brain, while the damage is still potentially reversible. Ongoing NIH Stroke Center research projects focus on using MRI as a guide to evaluate new interventions for stroke that will extend the window of time for effective treatment.
Stroke patients are admitted either to our dedicated Stroke Unit or to the Intensive Care Unit, depending on their condition. Standardized care pathways ensure that patients benefit from treatment strategies that have proven to be effective.
Thanks to new treatment options, many stroke patients are treated and discharged from Suburban Hospital within a few days with few residual issues. However, extensive inpatient and outpatient rehabilitation services are available at the hospital and at NRH/Suburban Regional Rehab for those who require additional therapy. Patient and family education, combined with physical, occupational and speech therapy, are making a significant difference in patients’ lives.
There are two major types of stroke: ischemic and hemorrhagic. Ischemic strokes are the most common, accounting for 80 percent of all strokes. They result from a blockage of blood flow to the brain, usually caused by a clot. A hemorrhagic stroke occurs when a weakened blood vessel bursts, creating bleeding within or around the brain. Both kinds of stroke quickly rob brain cells of oxygen-carrying blood, and body functions controlled by those cells are damaged or permanently lost.
Despite the fact that stroke is the fourth leading cause of death in the United States and the leading cause of adult disability, fewer than 20% of Americans can recognize the symptoms of stroke. Do you know these signs?
Sudden numbness or weakness of the face, arm, or leg (especially on one side of the body),
Sudden confusion, trouble speaking or understanding speech,
Sudden trouble seeing in one or both eyes,
Sudden trouble walking, dizziness, loss of balance or coordination, or
Sudden severe headache with no known cause.
If you or someone around you experiences any of these symptoms, call 911 and get to a hospital immediately. Every minute counts!
Stroke can affect anyone, but some people are more at risk. These risk factors include high blood pressure and high cholesterol, cigarette smoking, and a history of heart disease and diabetes. Other factors that you cannot control include age, gender, ethnicity, and heredity.
What Can You Do To Prevent a Stroke?
While family history of stroke plays a role in your risk, there are many risk factors you can control.
If you have high blood pressure, work with your doctor to get it under control. Many people do not realize they have high blood pressure, which usually produces no symptoms but is a major risk factor for heart disease and stroke. Managing your high blood pressure is the most important thing you can do to avoid stroke.
If you smoke, quit.
If you have diabetes, learn how to manage it. As with high blood pressure, diabetes usually causes no symptoms but it increases the chance of stroke.
If you are overweight, start maintaining a healthy diet and exercising regularly.
For More Information
These links provide helpful guidance about stroke.
National Institute for Neurological Disorders and Stroke: www.ninds.nih.gov/stroke
American Stroke Association: www.strokeassociation.org
The Brain Attack Coalition: www.stroke-site.org
National Stroke Association: www.stroke.org
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Wild is the wind
This week’s storm showed American crisis management at its best, yet raised questions about long-term planning
THE southern tip of Queens was the worst hit part of New York. Waves tore apart boardwalks, and swept through streets, causing floods more than five feet (1.6 metres) deep. Cars floated onto lawns. As the waters retreated, they left behind urban sand-dunes. A fire, started by the storm, destroyed more than 110 homes in Breezy Point. Across the city, at least 22 people lost their lives during the night of October 29th-30th, out of at least 50 Americans known to have been killed by the storm. At least 70 people were killed by it in the Caribbean.
Hurricane Sandy, at 900 miles across the largest tropical storm ever recorded in the Atlantic, hit New York and New Jersey especially hard, though damage was done in much of America’s north-east. That the loss of life was not far greater (a hurricane that hit New England in 1938 killed up to 800 people) owed much to the emergency response of the authorities, with Governor Andrew Cuomo of New York, Governor Chris Christie of New Jersey and New York City’s mayor Michael Bloomberg to the fore. They were ably supported by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), partially offsetting its ignominy in New Orleans in 2005. Yet the storm exposed vulnerabilities in the infrastructure of the self-styled capital of the world, which will need to be addressed before an even stronger hurricane blows its way, as sooner or later it will.
In New York, the Hudson and East River breached their banks, flooding Manhattan streets and the Ground Zero memorial, and filling the Brooklyn-Battery tunnel, which connects Manhattan to 2.5m people in Brooklyn, with 43m gallons of water. The Midtown tunnel, which connects Queens and Manhattan, was built to withstand flooding, yet it flooded, too, as did significant parts of the subway, which as one wag put it, got a “once-in-a-century clean”. Runways at JFK and La Guardia airports were submerged. More than 15,000 flights were cancelled. Amtrak trains were cancelled, too. An explosion in a water-damaged transformer left much of lower Manhattan without electric power, probably for several days. When New York University hospital’s backup generator failed, patients had to be evacuated in the middle of the hurricane, including babies born prematurely who rely on respirators.
Much of the financial district was wet (time for another Wall Street bail-out, said some) and in the dark, except for the headquarters of Goldman Sachs, which thanks to a generator remained a beacon of light for global capitalism. Ninety percent of homes in Long Island lost power, too.
In the 1990s Governor Cuomo was head of HUD, the federal housing department, in which role he encountered many disasters, but nothing to match this. New York City’s damage surpassed that of Hurricane Andrew, Midwest floods and earthquakes in California. “What I saw,” he said “were some of the worst conditions I have seen.”
New Jersey was in even worse shape. The seaside towns along the famous Jersey Shore were devastated; the popular Seaside Heights resort was practically wiped out, the amusement park on its pier torn to pieces. As The Economist went to press, Mantoloking, another resort town, was still burning. Atlantic City’s famous boardwalk is partly destroyed, the casino signs left as the sole providers of light to the city. Many beaches have suffered dreadful erosion. The surging storm tide tossed railway carriages onto the New Jersey turnpike, the state’s main artery.
All along the East Coast there was flooding and loss of power. Fire Island, a popular resort off Long Island, was said to be unrecognisable. Connecticut was hit hard, too. Some 360,000 people were evacuated from its flooded coastal towns. In Maryland the Ocean City pier collapsed into the sea. Even Cleveland, Ohio, almost 460 miles inland from New York City, was battered by 60mph winds and driving rain. Twenty-foot waves from Lake Erie crashed onto the city’s main commuter artery, forcing its closure.
The full economic cost of Sandy will not be known for years. The personal property claims will be significant. Infrastructure all over the region is destroyed. Early estimates by IHS Global Insight indicate that insured infrastructure damages will be around $10 billion, about half the total cost of repair. This estimate will probably prove too low.
East-coast oil refineries were idled and nuclear plants were powered down. The New York Stock Exchange remained shut for two days, its longest weather-caused closure since 1888. The subway, and in particular the light rail that connects New York with New Jersey beneath the Hudson, will not be back to normal for many days. IHS has early estimates of total economic losses of $30 billion-$50 billion, about 1-1.7% of gross regional product (GRP) in the states affected. In comparison, Hurricane Katrina caused about $120 billion in damages, 9.6% of GRP for the impacted states. However, reconstruction should serve as a mini-stimulus for the regional economy, much as it did in Florida following Hurricane Andrew in 1992.
President Obama quickly made FEMA funds available. Too quickly, for political reasons, complained Michael Brown, who disastrously headed the agency during Katrina. This was if nothing else a reminder that a natural disaster does not always help a president look presidential: George W. Bush notoriously praised “Brownie” for doing “a heck of a job”. But Sandy was the sort of October surprise that showed Mr Obama at his best, and will help him in next week’s election. Mr Christie, a popular, straight-talking Republican who has been campaigning for Mitt Romney, had only good things to say about Mr Obama’s response to the storm, at one point explaining that “I don’t give a damn about election day.” While Mr Christie and Mr Obama rode together in Marine One, Mr Romney was left to help put together parcels for hurricane relief—in the swing state of Ohio. FEMA’s response has made his crusade against big government harder to sustain in the final days of the campaign.
Two winters ago, Mr Bloomberg was embarrassed by being out of New York when a blizzard struck. Since then he has made sure to get ahead of pending bad weather, with last year’s Hurricane Irene evacuations proving a drier-than-predicted run for Sandy. Yet, as with New Orleans, there have long been warnings of the dangers posed by a severe storm, and recommendations to invest in better defences against surging tides have gone unimplemented. In 2011 a City Hall report on the waterfront, “Vision 2020”, strongly urged building lots of dykes and seawalls, and flood-proofing buildings.
Other reports have recommended putting expensive movable barriers along the East River and the harbour to prevent flooding, as London did on the Thames three decades ago. Mr Cuomo wants levees built in lower Manhattan, and Mr Christie wants to rebuild his shore to protect the beaches and the towns. He accepts, however, that iconic things have washed away. Still, as he said the day after the storm, “as long as sorrow doesn’t replace resilience, we’ll be just fine.”
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This issue features Tim Hayward on human rights versus emission rights; Richard Vernon on duties towards compatriots; Andrew F. March on Tariq Ramadan; Thomas Diez on Turkey and the EU; Scott Snyder on religious NGOs in North Korea; Brian Orend on the Just War tradition; and reviews on books of interest.
Reading Tariq Ramadan: Political Liberalism, Islam, and "Overlapping Consensus" [Full Text]
"Much of the disagreement and controversy over Ramadan's significance arguably stems not from a disagreement over what he is on record as having asserted or done but from unexamined or unarticulated assumptions about liberal principles and what they demand of Muslims."
Expanding Europe: The Ethics of EU-Turkey Relations [Full Text]
The possible future EU membership of Turkey has become one of the most hotly debated topics both in the EU and within Turkey itself. Underlying this debate are competing principles of international ethics.
American Religious NGOs in North Korea: A Paradoxical Relationship [Full Text]
Despite North Korea's antipathy to outside religious influence, it is primarily American NGOs with financial backing from religious organizations that have maintained development and exchange programs with the regime.
Human Rights Versus Emissions Rights: Climate Justice and the Equitable Distribution of Ecological Space [Abstract]
Arguing that issues of both emissions and subsistence should be comprehended within a single framework of justice, the proposal here is that this broader framework be developed by reference to the idea of "ecological space."
States of Risk: Should Cosmopolitans Favor Their Compatriots? [Abstract]
This article claims that it is not mutual benefit but mutual risk that grounds compatriot preference. Exposure to risks such as state abuse provide us with a reason to take our compatriots' interests seriously. The same argument, however, displays the limits of this reasoning, and also grounds a demanding obligation to aid other societies.
The Rules of War [Full Text]
These three books show how the enduring principles of just war theory can be applied insightfully and fruitfully to even the latest kinds of conflict, weaponry, and tactics; and they show how just war theory raises significant issues of the background political context, out of which all wars develop.
"Does Foreign Aid Really Work?" (Roger C. Riddell) & "Foreign Aid: Diplomacy, Development, Domestic Politics" (Carol Lancaster) [Full Text]
These two recent works by Roger C. Riddell and Carol Lancaster display a sober understanding of aid challenges, present a balanced view of the context within which aid operations take place, and provide valuable insights about the workings of aid organizations.
"Promoting the Rule of Law Abroad: In Search of Knowledge" [Full Text]
This book is an attempt to collect some of the little known about Rule-of-law (ROL) reform, and it does this creditably. Although the book's contributors are rather pessimistic about the theory and practice of ROL reform, they do point to ways to improve its prospects.
"All Politics Is Global: Explaining International Regulatory Regimes" [Full Text]
At a time when many international relations scholars are qualifying their premature predictions of the withering of the state, Daniel Drezner's new book makes a compelling case for the continued centrality of the state in the process of globalization.
"The Globalizers: The IMF, the World Bank, and Their Borrowers" [Full Text]
Woods is an insightful and thoughtful authority on the Bretton Woods institutions. In this book she examines their activities and focuses on their engagements with Mexico, Russia, and the sub-Saharan African nations.
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Tehran: Iran's state news agency quotes President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad as saying he is proud the West was outraged denial of the Holocaust.
The Monday report by IRNA quotes Ahmadinejad as saying that angering the world's "professional man slayers" — an apparent reference to Israel and some in the West — is a source of "pride for us”.
He did not elaborate further.
During a speech on Friday, Ahmadinejad had again voiced his doubts about the Holocaust, questioning whether it was a "real event" and saying it was a pretext for Israel's creation. The remarks drew swift condemnation in the West.
Iran is locked in a dispute with the West over a nuclear program it says is purely peaceful while other fear is geared at developing weapons.
First Published: Monday, September 21, 2009, 14:32
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Aid workers caught in heavy Zaire fighting
Might have to abandon massive relief operations
October 31, 1996
Web posted at: 10:15 a.m. EST (1515 GMT)
In this story:
(CNN) -- With heavy artillery fire so close "it sends shivers
through you," aid workers were preparing to leave Goma, the
center of refugee relief operations in eastern Zaire where
Tutsi rebels are battling Zairian government troops.
A pullout would cause "a humanitarian catastrophe," said
Augustine Mahiga, regional coordinator of the U.N. High
Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR). "We cannot imagine what
will happen to the refugees if there is no assistance. It is
really going to be a disaster."
Goma is the administrative headquarters for international
relief operations to feed 1.1 million Hutus from neighboring
Rwanda who crossed into Zaire after ethnic massacres in 1994
and now live in massive refugee camps.
There were conflicting reports on whether rebels had captured
the Goma airport. There was also unconfirmed information
that that U.N. relief workers had been ambushed, with
casualties, in Bukavu, a Zairian city to the south of Goma.
'Highly volatile, ever changing'
The airport is about two and a half miles (four km) north of
the city and a key target because aid agencies use it to
bring in staff and supplies for refugees and the Zairian
military has been bringing in army reinforcements in recent
days through it.
A pull-out by aid agencies would leave the refugees, in close
proximity to hostile Tutsi forces, without any obvious means
of support. The agencies have been struggling to feed the
refugees and improve hygiene in the huge camps.
"The situation is extremely tense, highly volatile and ever
changing," Michele Quintaglie of the United Nation's World
Food Program told CNN during a telephone interview aired live
"Heavy artillery was fired, probably less than a kilometer
(half-mile) from us that shook our building to a point where
it just sends shivers through you. It's incredible," she
said. It was not immediately clear which side had fired the
"We are still receiving contradictory information about the
status of the airport," said another aid official. Panos
Moumtzis, spokesman for the U.N. High Commissioner for
Refugees initially said the airport had been taken over by
rebels and that the information was confirmed from the
Zairian side. But he later said Zairian sources told UNHCR
the airport remained in Zairian army hands.
"Aid agencies have been told to prepare for a 70 to 100
percent evacuation from Goma" to neighboring Rwanda, said
Steve Pratt of CARE International.
Mahiga, the UNHCR coordinator, said there were "unconfirmed
reports that some of our local staff from Bukavu who were
trying to leave the town ran into an ambush. We've heard of
casualties -- dead and wounded -- but we don't know the
numbers, we don't know the location."
Refugees on the move
Another concern for aid workers was the movement of about
115,000 Rwandan Hutu refugees who fled from the Kahindo camp
40 miles (60 km) north of Goma on Thursday because of nearby
The refugees were heading south towards Mugunga camp, near
Goma, which is already overflowing with 400,000 people.
Zairians, themselves, have also come to the camps by the
thousands, hoping to escape the violence.
Aid workers said they feared the fighting could set off yet
another mass exodus from Katale camp, sheltering more than
200,000 Rwandan Hutus, near Kahindo.
Reuters contributed to this report.
Related sites: Note: Pages will open in a new browser window
External sites are not endorsed by CNN Interactive.
© 1996 Cable News Network, Inc.
All Rights Reserved.
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Location: Some island in the middle of nowhere, Alaska
Elimination Communication...natural parenting?
It seems like the opposite of natural parenting, as in waiting till your toddler is ready, but maybe some one can enlighten me?? I mean, they seem like polar opposites. Is it really "natural parenting" to do elimination communication?
The science behind elimmination communication is that babies are born knowing they need to pee/poop and don't want to do that in a diaper. They send you cues so you can catch what they elimminate (since obviously they can't walk to the toilet). It is said that by using diapers you're actually "training" a baby to elimminate in a diaper rather than send cues that they need to go.
To me, natural parenting isn't about letting your baby make all the decisions, more about giving them the opportunity to practice skills at age appropriate times with ample support and encouragement but with the assumption that they are capable little beings.
That's probably true! I try to aim for what makes the most sense biologically (evolutionarily speaking, for example), draw on the practices of cultures who are less westernized, and go with my own gut. This ends up looking mostly like a rejection of the most recent (100 years or so) western parenting practices like early weaning, scheduled feeds, sleeping in cribs, late potty training (due to diaper use, I feel), etc etc. But now that LO is older I find myself focusing on her needs beyond the basics (food, sleep, poop), like how she'll handle conflicts and frustrations, and I find that allowing her to take control of certain aspects of her being, such as using the bathroom, is something that is a positive and empowering thing.
I don't do EC but EC is (to me, at least) one of the basics of natural parenting, which is just the method that would have been used by women for so many thousands of years (just like breastfeeding, bedsharing, babywearing). Diapers are recent. If you watch the film Babies on Netflix, you'll see the African & Mongolian mothers still doing it.
Part of me wishes I did EC because my almost 3 year old just has zero potty signs and it's impossible to even fit diapers on him anymore!
Others have said it well. EC is certainly more "natural" than complete diaper dependence as it is the method that has been used in the most cultures over the millennia. Of course, the practice is adapted to fit modern, Western homes and lifestyles since we don't live in huts or small tribes but houses with carpets and toilets, so most ECing parents (ourselves included) do use diapers at least part of the time. It is also consistent with attachment parenting because it requires you to be in tune with your baby in order to respond to their cues and timing regarding elimination, helping them to hygienically relieve themselves until they are able to do it on their own. In that regard, it is not that different from breastfeeding on cue, learning to sensitively respond to your babies needs as they express them. It is quite time intensive in the first year or two so understandably not for everyone.
Any opinions, advice, statements or other information expressed or made available on BabyandBump.Momtastic.com by users or third parties, including but not limited to bloggers, are solely those of the respective user or other third party. They do not reflect the opinions of BabyandBump.Momtastic.com and they have not been reviewed by a physician, psychologist or parenting expert or any member of the BabyandBump.Momtastic.com staff for accuracy, balance or objectivity. Content and other information presented on BabyandBump.Momtastic.com are not a substitute for professional medical or mental health advice, counseling, diagnosis, or treatment. Never delay or disregard seeking professional medical or mental health advice from your physician or other qualified health provider because of something you have read on BabyandBump.Momtastic.com. BabyandBump.Momtastic.com does not endorse any opinion, advice, statement, product, service or treatment made available on the website. If you think you have a medical emergency, call your doctor or emergency services immediately.
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CFP: Health and mental resilience: an interdisciplinary approach
Submission deadline: Saturday, September 15 2012
Saturday, October 20 2012 - Sunday, October 21 2012
Developmental and Health Psychology Department, Institute of Applied Psychology, Jagiellonian University
The World Health Organization defines health as a state of complete physical, mental, spiritual and social well-being, an indicator of thoroughly healthy functioning. Health understood in such a way involves not only the lack of a disease, but also a positive aspect, well-being. One of the possible consequences of this approach is the salutogenic perspective which promotes the development and strengthening of people's own resources as a way to health.
The unprecedented challenges of the modern life make the the problem of somatic and mental health a crucial subject area within contemporary social and medical sciences. The amount of stress, decision-making necessity and the frequent lack of security and stability, in particular, constitute the omnipresent mobility and impermanence, which have an obvious and adverse effects on health.
For these reasons it is an important task to search for the strategies and models of an excessive stress management which would minimize the health costs involved. A special attention, in particular, should be payed to the proposals directed at children and youths: positive prevention, strengthening adaptive capacities and the vital forces development.
The subject areas suggested:
- Resilience as a health predictor
- Health and mental resilience in children and adolescents
- Health as seen from the existential perspective
- Coping with stress strategies and health
- Contemporary threats to mental health
- Patogenic vs salutogenic approach to disorders
- Prevention and health education
The conference schedule will involve keynote lectures with the participation of foreign guests, thematic and poster sessions. Selected papers will be subsequently published by the Jagiellonian University Press in a reviewed monograph in English.
The submissions to paper and poster sessions are very welcomed.
The deadline for all submissions is september 15th, 2012.
The abstracts will be reviewed by our Scientific Committee by the end of September. If you do not receive feedback from us by October 1st, please e-mail us urgently.
In order to submit an abstract for an oral presentation, poster or a symposium, please contact: firstname.lastname@example.org
More details can be found at:
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To go along with the GED theme of this month, I decided to include a post that has information on scholarship opportunities for adults looking to continue their education. Jan Smith put together a wonderful blog post a while back that went over several free resources for financial aid. Be sure to check that out, along with visiting these other sources.
The following are different scholarship sources. Before you give up the search, be sure you have covered all battle grounds. I found these from a great website focused on Continuing Education.
Pell Grants and Federal Supplemental Education Opportunity Grants are available through the federal government. The money eligible adults receive from these two grants range from a hundred dollars to several thousand dollars. You cannot apply for the grants directly to the federal government. You must apply through your college or school of choice and they will forward it to the federal government. The earlier you apply through a school, the more likely you are to receive a federal grant. Additional information is avialable at Federal Student Financial Aid.
Most states provide grants to residents. Some of these grants are based on financial need, others are based ethic orientation, and for those enrolling in designated college programs such as technical fields. Some states even provide grants for adults desiring to continue their education. Unlike federal grants, application must be made directly to a state’s commission on higher education.
Many traditional online colleges, universities, and technical schools provide students with grant money for tuition not funded by other sources. Many schools offer these grants to minorities, low economic background students, and older students returning to school for continuing education. Not only do adults benefit from these grants, schools benefit financially for enrolling these students. This in turn enables the school to provide additional grant money for adults returning to school.
Corporate scholarships are targeted for adults from underprivileged backgrounds, outstanding scholarship, community involvement, or enrollment in specific programs such as nursing. Although corporate scholarships have deep scholarship money pockets, the competition is steep. Applying to these scholarships must be early, along with accurate applications.
These grants offered through charities, religious organizations, community associations, fraternal orders, unions, and other organizations. For example the U.S. Navy Relief Society provides grants for active and retired members, along with their families for continuing education programs.
FastWeb scholarship database includes more than 230 awards with a minimum age restriction of 25 years or older. FastWeb also has tips for writing your essays, so check that out before you start applying.
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LRMG Learning Material for Supervisors
Soft skill development is essential in a workplace where people are the most valuable resource your company can get. Without the required skills to work with employees, motivate, communicate and delegate the supervisor for instance, will lack the ability to get teamwork and meet deadlines. Help the supervisors in your company to be successful by giving them access to the LRMG learning material for supervisors.
We have an extensive range of short, powerful and targeted DVDs specifically to enhance supervisor skills. Some of the titles in our range are briefly discussed below to give you an indication of how the LRMG learning material can benefit your company.
After All, You’re the Supervisor
The DVD based training programme is well-suited for new and experienced supervisors. It focuses on the key points of being an effective supervisor including:
- Planning and organising
- Accepting the role
- Developing teamwork
- Being approachable and accessible
- Getting feedback and providing such
- Communicating up and downward
The training programme consists of the main video and discussion segments. A case study is used to show the problem areas and how to effectively step into the role of supervisor.
The training material focuses on the lives of five supervisors and how they find solutions, share ideas and operate in various work environments including retail, manufacturing, construction, and commerce. The viewer will be able to identify how their actions influence outcomes and how conflict is resolved. Aspects covered include that of how to delegate more effectively, motivate in advance, coach, and use initiative. Planning, communication, and earning the respect of employees are also covered.
Would I Work for Me?
The training video focuses on the behaviour of a supervisor in situations that can be found in the workplace. The newly appointed and the more experienced supervisor roles are addressed with key learning points including:
- Taking action
- Sharing information
- Showing care
- Focussing on solutions
- Dealing with mistakes
- Using mistakes to help
Empower your supervisors to be effective by investing in our training videos.
Telephone: +27 (0) 87 941 5764
Fax: +27 (0) 87 942 2098/9
iLead is a trusted and experienced authority when it comes to listing valuable services and various businesses in a straightforward to use business directory. We make it simple for you to find all the related information in one easy accessible place.
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House Speaker David Ralston (R-Blue Ridge) said he revised his proposal to make clear that people who volunteer as lobbyists for no more than five days a year will not have to pay a registration fee or report their spending. His changed bill explicitly states that people expressing personal views to public officials are not lobbyists, eliminating earlier language that raised questions.
“It was never my intent to make people pay a fee for coming down here to see their own representative or their own senator, or if they come on a limited basis,” Ralston said in an interview. “Absolutely not the intent.”
The changes were unacceptable to Common Cause Georgia, one of the groups that earlier criticized Ralston’s plan as a curb on political speech.
“They are still attempting to tax and intimidate citizens who are exercising their Constitutional right of free speech,” said William Perry, the organization’s executive director. “There is absolutely no reason why people who aren’t compensated and don’t benefit directly from legislation that passes should have to register.”
Like Perry, some tea party and other conservative activists criticized Ralston’s original plan because they said nonprofit organizations should not have to pay a fee as they seek to influence lawmakers. A Baptist leader was originally concerned that clergy who come infrequently to the Statehouse to talk with state lawmakers could have been forced to register as lobbyists.
In a change, the proposed rules would not apply to local government. Ralston’s plan would lower the annual fees lobbyists must pay from $320 to $25, a response to those who criticized him for imposing costs on nonprofits or volunteer efforts. Lobbyists must pay an additional $10 for each additional client.
“I’m not asking people to commit an end-of-life act here,” Ralston said. “I’m asking people to simply wear a badge if you’re here on a regular basis advocating for or against legislation on multiple issues. That is the heart and essence of the definition of a lobbyist.”
A House subcommittee tweaked Ralston’s bill so that paid lobbyists must still register even if they are working for less than five days.
Ralston’s bill would still prohibit lobbyists from spending money on individual public officials in state government, though there are significant exceptions. Lobbyists could still pay for meals and registration at events where entire agencies, political caucuses or legislative committees are invited. Lobbyists could pay to send public officials and their staff to functions that relate to their official duties.
Debbie Dooley, a co-founder of the Atlanta Tea Party, would be required to register as a lobbyist under Ralston’s plan. She said rules requiring that lobbyists report their spending should not extend to unpaid citizen activists who do not spend money. She criticized the limits on what lobbyists can spend as too lax.
“There’s enough holes in a lot of that stuff that it reminds me of fishnet stockings,” she said.
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PARDON MY FRENCH!
Q From Jan Rudge: Where does the phrase pardon my French or excuse my French come from? Some people use it to apologise for using a swearword.
A Yes, that’s its present-day meaning, usually accompanying some blunt or offensive language. The speaker tries to divert criticism from the objectionable term by pretending that it’s innocuous French.
Well, look who is laughing now. And if you’ll excuse my French, Thierry, go stick your va va voom where it hurts.
Charleston Daily Mail, 27 Aug. 2012.
Gov’mint’s run by a buncha goddamn morons. Pardon my French.
The Good Neighbour, by William Kowalski, 2004.
However, in recent times we have become so inured to hearing rough language that the annotation is now often applied humorously or coyly to terms that would need euphemising only for the supremely squeamish:
The bar menu at Muse helps — their cocktails aren’t for sissies (pardon my French) — they might look feminine to a hard core beer drinker, but I really love the way they’ve kept the sweetness.
Daily News & Analysis, 22 Apr. 2012.
The phrase began to appear around the first third of the nineteenth century, the excuse version then being more common. This is a typical early example:
Dreadful good brandy o’ yourn. Ha! ha! ha! My respects. Excuse my French.
Marian Rooke, by Henry Sedley, 1865. We must presume that dreadful was stronger language then.
The background is the centuries-old adversarial relationship between the English and the French, which had culminated in the Napoleonic Wars at the beginning of the century. French had long appeared as one element in deprecatory formations, often with implications of sexual adventurousness or explicitness — French pox (syphilis), French letter (condom), and French novel and French print (pornographic material) — together with French leave (going somewhere without asking permission). There is a parallel with the Dutch, who had been maritime competitors of the English in the seventeenth century and whose name appears in such formations as Dutch uncle and Dutch comfort.
The compliment has been returned: in France, French leave is filer à l’anglaise, to flee in an English way, a French letter is a capote anglaise, an English cap, and the French pox has been called la maladie anglaise. Then there’s le malaise anglais and le vice anglais, which seem to have been used for everything the French have from time to time found distasteful about the English: rickets, economic incompetence, football hooliganism, depression, food, flagellation and homosexuality.
The earliest examples, however, are attached to actual French words and phrases. Most seem to have been genuine apologies for using a French term that the listener might not have understood:
Bless me, how fat you are grown! — absolutely as round as a ball: — you will soon be as embonpoint (excuse my French) as your poor dear father, the major.
The Twelve Nights, by Baron Karl von Miltie, 1831.
Teddy and Lord Radstock’s son, Waldegrave, boarded the French commodore, and carried him l’épée à la main; — excuse my French.
Memoirs and Letters of Captain Sir William Hoste, 1833.
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Can You Really Eat Living and Raw Foods & Work Out?
If you’ve been thinking of starting up on a raw food diet, it’s important that you carefully plan out this diet approach in accordance with your workouts. Those who are very involved in their workout program have specific nutrient requirements and if these requirements are not met, problems can and will likely arise.
Consequences can be high levels of fatigue, muscle mass loss, decreased strength and muscular endurance.
You don’t want to take a blind approach here as the consequences can be high levels of fatigue, muscle mass loss, decreased strength and muscular endurance, as well as poor sports performance if you happen to be involved in athletic events.
Here are some of the most important things to remember if you’re planning on going raw.
Get Complex Carbohydrates Before The Workout
The first thing that you must make sure you do is get enough complex carbohydrates in your diet before you head out to do your workout. These complex carbohydrates are what will provide the fuel your body needs to get through those gruelling workout sessions, so without them, you’re going to sputter out quickly.
One of the simplest complex carbohydrates to have before a workout is raw unprocessed oats. Mix these with a small amount of (soaked over night) dried fruit and some agave for added sweetness. Then form into tiny balls that can easily be consumed before you head off to the gym.
Finish The Workout With Fast-Acting Carbohydrates
Secondly, you also must make sure you get a head start on proper recovery by including a fast acting carbohydrate source immediately following your workout. This is when the muscles are most likely to suck this glucose up instantly, helping to regenerate the muscle glycogen that powers you through your exercise session.
Sugars will be broken down faster in the body than a grain source which requires more reactions to take place.
Fresh fruit or (soaked) dried fruit works great in this case as the sugars will be broken down faster in the body than a grain source which requires more reactions to take place.
Juice also works well so if you’re not in the mood to consume solid foods after a hard workout, that’s a good option to turn to.
Do Not Neglect Protein
Protein is a nutrient that is often quite low in those practicing a raw food diet because unlike typical diets, you will not consume any cooked meat.
Instead, turn to (soaked then) sprouted seeds, nuts, as well as legumes to get as much dietary protein in as possible. Sprouted seeds, nuts and grains, also mentioned as a good pre-workout carb, are really ideal for before your workout, all your amino acids can be found in sprouted varieties, what one doesn't have in an amino acid, the others will-this is easy to assimilate protein.
You may risk losing muscle mass while exercising if you aren't mindful.
Just be sure you don’t go below half a gram of protein per pound of bodyweight or you may risk losing muscle mass while exercising. Being sure to get in enough carbohydrates will also help to eliminate the risk of this occurring as well since that will help prevent incoming protein being utilized as a primary fuel source.
Take In Enough Calories
Finally, the last thing that you must be sure to be on the lookout for is total calorie intake. If you’re meal plan on your living and raw food diet contains mostly fresh fruits and vegetables, your calorie intake is going to end up being very low and this can make it incredibly hard to get enough energy in- to get you through your activities.
Active individuals who exercise three to five times a week should aim to eat at fourteen calories per pound of body weight, so do a quick calculation for yourself.
If you’re aiming to lose weight you will want to eat slightly less than this but do remember that there is definitely a limit as to how low you can take your calories. If you bring them too low you risk your metabolism slowing down, preventing further fat loss from taking place.
So be sure you keep these tips in mind if you’re starting up on a living and raw food lifestyle and are an active individual. You want to be extra sure you’re getting the right foods at the right times of the day because this is what will help you see optimal results from your workout plan.
RAW FOOD RAWKS!
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New Zealand Citizenship
Becoming a citizen at a public ceremony is a very important step in the process of becoming a New Zealand citizen. It is an opportunity for you to publicly declare your allegiance to New Zealand and for the local Hastings District community to welcome you on behalf of all New Zealanders.
Successful applicants for the grant of New Zealand citizenship are required to attend a public citizenship ceremony at the Council. At the ceremony, applicants stand before Mayor Lawrence Yule and take the Oath or Affirmation of Allegiance, declaring that they will honour HM Queen Elizabeth the Second, Queen of New Zealand, obey the laws of New Zealand and be a good citizen.
It is only after swearing allegiance that a person actually becomes a New Zealand citizen. Until they receive their certificates personally from Mayor Lawrence Yule, they are unable to call themselves New Zealand citizens even though they have received approval from the Dept of Internal Affairs as to their suitability.
To become a New Zealand citizen you will need to contact the Department of Internal Affairs:
PO Box 10-526
Phone 04 474 8123
Fax 04 474 8006
For more information about the ceremonies at the Council, contact the Community Services group on email@example.com or phone 06 871 5000.
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My love for cattle and agriculture was a common topic with my University of Alberta residence floor friends this year on 5 Henday. Everyone knew I loved cows. And that I flew and drove all over to go do cow-related things. But I'm not entirely sure they understood why.
" It occurs to me that I've never heard you out when it comes to cows. I assume they're bad for the environment from all the hipster/soy/lefty stuff I read but maybe I'm wrong? I'd enjoy hearing you out over some free range organic chicken in the future."First, I laughed at this post. Clearly, Rob's a funny guy. But he also raises an important issue. The "hipster/soy/lefty stuff" he refers to are sources that show beef and agriculture in a negative light due to their environmental impact.
Often, they are largely opinion based. They also make sense to consumer. Cows make methane, methane is bad for Earth, therefore cows are bad and we should stop eating them. Logical sequence, right? Not quite.
Myth #1: Cows are destroying the ozone layer.
Fact: The contribution by cattle to global warming that may occur in the next 50-100 years is a little less than 2% (PubMed). Methane is a byproduct of ruminant digestion, which cattle, bison, sheep, and goats carry out. Ruminant digestion makes it possible for cattle to convert food not fit for human consumption, like grasses and rejected malting barley. Cattle are responsible for about 14% of global methane emissions (EPA), but that number is declining. The more efficient cattle can be raised, the less methane they produce.
|Steers chowing down at XTC Herefords.|
Myth #3: Grass fed cattle emit far less methane.
"Grain-fed cattle produce 38% fewer greenhouse gas emissions than grass-fed cattle." -John Robbins
Myth #4: Cattle don't do anything good for the environment.
Grazing cattle on non-arable land (land that cannot produce crops or be developed), like coulees and rolling hills, is a practise that ensures the land used to raise cattle is not taking land away from other purposes. If we did not have cattle on this land eating the grass and walking on it, we would have large erosion and plant decay problems. Plants need to have constant regrowth in order to stay rooted in the soil and keep the soil from blowing away.
So, what's your point?
The environmental impact of cattle does exist, but farmers and ranchers are working hard to become more sustainable and environmentally friendly each day. It is in the best interest of livestock producers to get cattle to market in a short time using the least input, which in turn produces less gas, uses less fuel, water and other natural resources.
I believe that when taken together, the facts prove that not raising cattle would cause greater environmental harm than raising them for meat.
What do you think?
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|Pope Pelagius I|
|Papacy ended||3 March 561|
Rome, Ostrogothic Kingdom
|Died||3 March 561
Rome, Eastern Roman Empire
Pope Pelagius I (Latin: Pelagius PP. I, Italian: Pelagio I) was pope from 556 to 3 March 561. He was the second pope of the Byzantine Papacy, and like his predecessor, a former apocrisiarius to Constantinople.
Early life
When Pope Vigilius went to Constantinople on the orders of Emperor Justinian I, Pelagius stayed in Rome as the pope's representative. Totila, King of the Goths, had begun to blockade the city. Pelagius poured out his own fortune for the benefit of the famine-stricken people, and tried to induce the king to grant a truce. Though he failed, he afterwards induced Totila to spare the lives of the people when he captured Rome in December 546. Totila sent Pelagius to Constantinople in order to arrange a peace with Justinian I, but the emperor sent him back to say that his general Belisarius was in command in Italy.
Pelagius was elected Pope as Justinian's candidate. While before his ordination he opposed Justinian's efforts to condemn the "Three Chapters" in order to reconcile theological factions in the Church, afterwards Pelagius adopted Justinian's position. This damaged the papacy's reputation in northern Italy, Gaul, and elsewhere in Western Europe, and his successors over the next 50 years spent much effort undoing the damage.
- Ekonomou, Andrew J. 2007. Byzantine Rome and the Greek Popes: Eastern influences on Rome and the papacy from Gregory the Great to Zacharias, A.D. 590–752. Lexington Books.
|Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Pelagius I|
|Catholic Church titles|
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This is an excerpt from EERE Network News, a weekly electronic newsletter.
Saving Energy and Money with Aerogel Insulation
By Leo Christodoulou, PhD, Program Manager, Advanced Manufacturing Office
Most of us are familiar with the classic Thermos bottle. The bottle keeps hot liquids hot with its vacuum insulation material—but without good insulation, the heat from the liquid is wasted.
Likewise, on a much larger scale, about 950 trillion BTUs (British Thermal Units) of heat energy is lost every year due every year to the poor insulation of pipes, valves, traps, and components from industrial steam distribution systems. This is almost one percent of total domestic energy consumption—the equivalent of wasting close to 165 million barrels of crude oil or just over 7,500 million gallons of gasoline.
As part of the President’s all-of-the-above strategy to solve America’s clean energy challenges, the Energy Department is investing in an innovative insulation material that saves energy and money for industrial facilities while also helping to support 50 full-time clean energy jobs for Americans.
With help from the Energy Department’s Advanced Manufacturing Office, Aspen Aerogels created Pyrogel and Cryogel, insulation products that use aerogel insulation technology. Aerogel insulation saves energy and money because of its structure—which is comprised of lightweight silica solids that take up only three percent of its total volume. The remaining 97% of the insulation is composed of air in the form of extremely small pores. Because the air has little room to move, it traps the heat effectively – saving energy and money. For the complete story, see the Energy Blog.
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The race is the organization's largest fund-raiser.
By MARALINE KUBIK
VINDICATOR STAFF WRITER
YOUNGSTOWN -- Last year, 400,000 American women and 400 American men died from breast cancer.
The best defense against the disease is early detection. But not everyone can afford a doctor's visit.
Last year 200 area women couldn't afford mammograms but received the test free of charge, thanks to The Susan G. Komen Breast Cancer Foundation and the American Cancer Society's BEST program. BEST, based at the American Cancer Society's Canfield office, is fully funded by the Komen Foundation.
The Susan G. Komen Breast Cancer Foundation funds breast cancer education, screenings and treatment for the uninsured and underinsured and research through several grant recipients.
The organization's largest fund-raiser, Race for the Cure, takes place in Cleveland Saturday.
As a result of fund-raising activities last year, the organization provided more than $513,000 in grants for breast cancer education, screening and treatment programs throughout Northeast Ohio. Organizations in the Mahoning Valley received about 20 percent -- $103,084.
In addition to the American Cancer Society in Canfield, which received a $30,000 grant to fund the BEST program, area grant recipients were: Columbiana County Health Department in Lisbon, Forum Health in Youngstown, Women's Health Advantage of Youngstown and the YWCAs in Youngstown and Salem.
Columbiana County Health Department and Women's Health Advantage use the grants to provide breast exams and mammograms. In 2001, they received grants of $14,800 and $11,322, respectively. Forum Health uses its $1,790 grant to fund clinical training in lymphedema treatment; the YWCA of Salem's $14,372 grant funds an outreach breast-health education program and links patients to qualified health-care providers; the YWCA of Youngstown's $30,800 grant funds outreach education and early detection programs, patient transportation and follow-up support.
This year, the Komen Foundation's goal is to raise $1 million to fund cancer-related programs in Northeast Ohio: 75 percent of funds raised in Races for the Cure throughout the country stay in the communities where they are collected; the remaining 25 percent is used to fund the Komen Foundation's national grant program.
Participants in the Northeast Ohio race -- some 25,000 men, women and children are expected -- will converge on Voinovich Park near the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame beginning at 7 a.m. The 5K race/walk will begin at 8 a.m., the one-mile fun walk will begin at 10 a.m., the awards ceremony will be at 8:45 a.m. and the survivors ceremony starts at 9:30 a.m.
Free bus rides to the event will leave from J.C. Penney stores at Southern Park Mall, Eastwood Mall and in Calcutta.
Local sponsors are Schwebel's Bread & amp; Buns, Humility of Mary Health Partners, The Vindicator and Forum Health Cancer Care Center.
For more information, call (216) 791-2873 or visit www.neohiorace.org.
The foundation has raised more than $450 million since it was established in 1982 by Nancy Brinker to honor the memory of her sister, Susan G. Komen, who died from breast cancer at age 36.
The Race for the Cure has been held in Cleveland since 1994.
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Wonder as astonishment.
(AM‑262: dp. 625; l. 184'6"; b. 33'; dr. 9'9"; s. 15 k.; cpl. 104; a. 1 3", 4 40mm.; cl. Admirable)
Marvel (AM‑262) was laid down 4 April 1943 by American Shipbuilding Co., Lorain, Ohio; launched 31 July 1943; sponsored by Miss Naomi Gordan; and commissioned 9 June 1944, Lt. Vincent deP. Hurley, USNR, in command.
Completing brief shakedown at Little Creek, Va., Marvel got underway 19 August 1944 for Naval Operating Base, Bermuda. Into midfall she operated from St. George’s Bay, sweeping for mines and conducting antisubmarine patrols to insure safe passage into the eastern terminus of the southern convoy route. She returned to Virginia, 9 November, and for the next 2 months conducted similar patrols in the Hampton Roads area.
On 17 January 1945 she weighed anchor and began a 21⁄2 month cruise to Kodiak, Alaska. Steaming via Coco Solo, San Diego, and Seattle she arrived 31 March. Two days later she sailed for the Shumagin Islands, arriving at Baralof Bay, 3 April. There she conducted local exercises until 20 May, when she decommissioned and was transferred, under the terms of the Lend‑Lease Agreement of 11 June 1942, to the custody of the Navy of the USSR. On 7 February 1955 she was redesignated in the Navy Register as MSF‑262. As of 1960 she had neither been returned nor purchased by the USSR.
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Council on Foreign Relations
April 11, 2013
International law governing warfare is based on the four Geneva Conventions, which were revised and expanded after World War II. The fourth convention governs the protection of civilians. The conventions were updated by two protocols in 1977, in large part to deal with African guerrilla movements, to govern the protection of victims in international and domesticl armed conflicts.
While countries and militaries conduct internal investigations, and occasionally courts-martial, it is unclear in what forum any international war crimes trial would take place; neither the United States nor Israel, for example, has accepted the jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court.
International law governing warfare is based on the four Geneva conventions, which were revised and expanded after World War II.January 17, 2009worldNews
Readers discuss violations of medical ethics and human rights by the United States.April 22, 2013, Monday
Traditional watchmaking techniques like producing repetitive linear patterns and enameling, known collectively as Métiers d'Art, are experiencing a rise in popularity across the globe.February 26, 2013, Tuesday
As a combat medic in Afghanistan, Brandon Caro learned that keeping troops away from the enemy was as much a part of his role as keeping them away from contaminated water.January 11, 2013
Just as the United States is entering a delicate moment in its dealings with the Taliban, a video has surfaced showing four Marines urinating on three dead Taliban fighters.January 12, 2012
The White House should end a policy that bans abortion aid to victims in war zones.September 08, 2011, Thursday
Senior lawyers are divided over the powers, including detention without trial, inherited from former President George W. Bush.March 29, 2010, Monday
Essential questions about the country’s actions against Palestinian civilians in the Gaza war.April 04, 2009, Saturday
Some of the Obama administration’s statements on issues like state secrets and detainees sound a bit too close for comfort to the Bush team’s benighted ideas.March 22, 2009, Sunday
A Pentagon report concludes the prison complies with humanitarian guidelines, but offers recommendations, according to two government officials who have read parts of it.February 21, 2009, Saturday
Though it will be hard enough to shut down Guantánamo Bay as Barack Obama has vowed to do, the legal burdens that President Bush is dumping on his successor will be much greater.January 18, 2009, Sunday
SEARCH 162 ARTICLES ABOUT THE GENEVA CONVENTIONS:
Subscribe to an RSS feed on this topic. What is RSS?
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Tech Talk Radio
Technology - Computers
Each week we present current news and views from Australia and abroad. We're independent, non-biased and… Tech Talk Radio is an informative and entertaining talk show heard on free to air radio as well as streamed to the world live, and via podcast.
Each week we present current news and views from Australia and abroad. We're independent, non-biased and are now in our seventh year of providing consumers with valuable information to help make educated decisions when it comes to technology.
We're not what you'd call geeks or nerds, just passionate users of today's technology in our personal and professional lives.
Join your host Andrew McColm (ABC Radio, Talk 1116 and MTR), co-host Dr. Ron (ABC Radio) with our panelists Graeme Callaghan and Leena Van Deventer. Join Adam Turner with his View from the Couch each week, and our US correspondent is Lidija Davis who reports regularly from Silicon Valley California.
We're not too techy, in fact our target market is consumers, along with mums and dads who just want to know what the kids are up to, or what to buy that tech savvy person in their life for their next gift.
There's a touch of politics, mixed with a blend of consumer awareness and humour.
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| 0.949045
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| 2
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Come gather 'round legal scholars, for a conference on DylanFordham in Texas Lawyer, March 28, 2011
by Karen Sloan
Bob Dylan: Folk icon, civil rights advocate, inspiration for legal scholarship.
Law professors, law students, judges and lawyers will convene at Fordham University School of Law early next month for a two-day conference examining Bob Dylan and the law.
The event, which is co-sponsored by Fordham and Touro College Jacob D. Fuchsberg Law Center, will focus on different legal issues discussed in Dylan's songs and the influence his music has had on lawyers and society.
"Dylan was an important cultural figure, primarily in the '60s, and a fair amount of what he did dealt with criminal justice and equal justice themes," said Fordham law professor Bruce Green, who organized the conference with Touro professor Samuel Levine.
The conference might sound like an excuse for law types to get together and discuss a rock 'n' roll legend, but Dylan's music has more than just a passing relevance to the law, Levine said.
A 2006 study by University of Tennessee College of Law professor Alex Long found that Dylan is the most frequently cited musician by legal writers. Judges, academics and lawyers cite his lyrics more than twice as much as the runner-up — the Beatles.
Long will be a panelist for the conference kickoff on April 4, which is an evening session examining the Dylan songs "The Lonesome Death of Hattie Carroll" and "Hurricane." "Hurricane" chronicles the true-life plight of boxer Rubin "Hurricane" Carter, who was found guilty of murdering three people in 1966. His conviction was overturned after Dylan's song was released because of faulty evidence. "The Lonesome Death of Hattie Carroll" is about the 1960s murder of a black barmaid in Baltimore at the hands of wealthy white man, who spent a mere six months in jail for the crime.
The first panel discussion will be moderated by Fordham law graduate and WFUV radio deejay Corny O'Connell, and will feature a performance of several Dylan songs by folk duo The Kennedys.
Green and Levine said they've gotten a few raised eyebrows after telling colleagues about the Dylan-centric conference, but many others have been enthusiastic about the unconventional academic gathering.
"We do want to have some fun, but we've always perceived of this as a serious academic conference," Levine said. "Quite a few prominent scholars have coalesced around this topic."
The second day of the conference will primarily consist of academics and judges presenting papers on Dylan and the law. For example Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom partner David Zornow will present "Dylan's Judgment on Judges: Are Power, Greed and Corruptible Seed All That There Is?" University of Kentucky College of Law professor Alison Connelly will present "Dylan as the Complete Trial Lawyer: Using Hurricane Carter to Teach Trial Skills." These papers an others will be published in the Fordham Urban Law Journal.
This will be the first legal conference to focus on the music of Bob Dylan, but it's not the first to examine the legal themes raised by a particular musician. Widener University School of Law hosted a conference on the law and Bruce Springsteen in 2005.
"If this turns out to be interesting, maybe people will continue down this path and do other artists," Green said.
Neil Young, anyone?
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October 7 marks the end of Oktoberfest, Munich’s 16-day party celebrating all things München beer. This weekend, we're shifting to beer in a show of solidarity with the fatherland.
Dating back to 1810, Oktoberfest takes place at Munich’s Theresienwiese—"Theresa’s meadow," the grounds named for princess Therese of Saxe-Hildurghausen who married crowned prince Ludwig in 1810, inciting the first Oktoberfest festivities. Today, it's the world’s largest fair, with more than 6 million beer fans making the pilgrimage to the site of all the big-tented biergartens.
The Bavarian jubilee exclusively features beers brewed within Munich’s city limits, showcasing six standup breweries, some with histories stretching so far back, they eclipse the founding of the United States. The beers at the festival are a bit stronger than most lagers, with an ABV around 6 percent, so some can be a bit heavy, but each is distinct and delightful.
So this weekend, we’re taking a look at the six Munich breweries that make Oktoberfest the world’s biggest beer party. Most are readily available, though two are a little tricky to find stateside.
Paulaner Oktoberfest, 6 percent ABV
Monks considered beer liquid food, and because “liquid doesn’t break the fast,” beer was part of their daily food allowance, particularly during Lent. Established in 1634 when the order of Pauline monks began brewing beer in the Au, Paulaner has a rather robust heritage under the belt and was one of the original breweries to celebrate the wedding of Ludwig and Therese in 1810.
The Oktoberfest märzen (pale lager) is brewed exclusively for the 16-day party and adheres to the Bavarian Purity Law of 1516, which limits beer to just four ingredients: hops, barley, water and yeast. Weighing in at 6 percent ABV, it’s a little bit heavier than the traditional Helles lager but a wee weaker than the original Paulaner beer, Salavtor, which stands in at 7.9 percent ABV. Full-bodied, it pours clear amber (dino DNA!) with a thick, white head. Nice and balanced, the caramel sweetness is countered by the hops, giving it a floral and nutty taste. If you are planning on raising a stein, make it a liter and celebrate proper. Prost! (Cheers!)
Spaten Oktoberfest Ur-Märzen, 5.9 percent ABV
Established a staggering 615 years ago (that’s 1397 CE for those keeping track at home), Spaten-München has been a standard-bearer of Bavarian beer tradition well before Columbus ever sailed the ocean blue. As one of the oldest breweries in Munich, Sapten’s timeline fluctuates, going from the smallest Munich brewery in 1807 to the largest in 1867. It was the first Munich brewery to brew a light lager in 1895, then merged with Löwenbräu in 1997. In all, Spaten has had a good, long time to tinker with its brewing process and recipes, perfecting the art of the lager.
Spaten’s Oktoberfest offering is all about balance. As a märzen, the beer pours a golden/amber with a billowing off-white head. The roasted malts border on caramel while the hops add balance with a slight bitterness. It finishes crisp and clean with a bittersweet aftertaste. Spaten has been around for a while, which shows through in the beer—one of the best Oktoberfest brews around.
Hacker-Pschorr Oktoberfest Märzen, 5.8 percent ABV
Founded in 1417, the Hacker Brewery was a solo affair for nearly 400 years until Hacker heiress Therese Hacker married a farmer’s son, Josef Pschorr, in 1793 (talk about marrying up). Pschorr took over the brewery from his father-in-law, spurring a renaissance within the brewery, making it one of the most popular brews of the time. In 1820, Pschorr purchased a rival brewery, creating the Pschorr Brewery. The man on the label, Georg Pschorr—Josef’s son—inherited the breweries, undertaking expansion projects, bringing the breweries into the modern era. Hacker and Pschorr merged to form one brewery in 1972, becoming Hacker-Pschorr. Now part of the Paulaner Brewery stable, Hacker-Pschorr is most well known for its wheat beer, but its Oktoberfest Märzen is a choice brew in its own right.
Hacker-Pschorr’s Oktoberfest offering is another märzen-style lager but pours a deeper amber/copper color with a nice pillow off-white head. Roasted malts give a nutty, caramel flavor, with a spicy finish on the hops. Velvety and smooth, this is a well-balanced beer from a München original.
Hofbräu-München Oktoberfestbier, 6.3 percent ABV
The renaissance era brewery, Hofbräu-München, comes to the table with some royal accolades. Dissatisfied with the beer of Munich in his day, Wilhelm V, duke of Bavaria, in 1589 founded his own brewery, Hofbräuhaus—the "Ducal Brewery." In 1607, Wilhelm’s son, Maximillian, then duke of Bavaria, opened a second brewery and beer hall, Hofbräuhaus am Platzl (plaza), just for weissebier (wheat beer, breaking from Bavarian Purity Law of 1516), and in 1610, he took the beer public, allowing for the sale of beer through taverns. The plaza Hofbräuhaus still stands today and is one of the most recognized brew houses in the world.
Though Hofbräu München’s weissebier is one of its most well-known international brews, its Oktoberfestbier is one of Munich’s standouts. Pouring a bright, clear golden hue, the crown on the brewery’s logo translates through with a thick mountain of white head. Hofbräu’s Oktoberfest selection has the same caramel roasted malt flavor as the others, but there is a distinct citrus and spicy undertone from the noble hops, quite unique and refreshing.
Löwenbräu’s roots spread deep. Though its historical record is not as clear as one would hope, the brewery puts it’s founding at 1383, a simple inn with an attached brewery, making it one of Munich’s oldest breweries. From these humble beginning, Löwenbräu became a force to reckon with in the Munich beer market, an ultramodern and efficient brewery that produced a quarter of all beer brewed in 1865. A stalwart of Reinheitsgebot (Bavarian Purity Law of 1516), Löwenbräu has a stable of lagers, though there is a wheat beer for good measure. Merging with Spaten in 1997, Löwenbräu has steadily grown its international appeal.
By far the most difficult beer to get your hands on stateside, Löwenbräu’s Oktoberfestbier märzen is a rarity on these shores, even though it is now a subsidiary of Anheuser-Busch InBev. But Löwenbräu Original, with its light blue label and golden lion logo, is a bit more accessible and a good substitute in a pinch. A Helles Lager, Löwenbräu Original, 5.2 percent ABV, pours a straw/yellow color with a bright white head that dissipates quickly. Slightly effervescent, the beer comes off crisp, with some hoppy spice and a sweet end.
Augustiner Bräu is Munich’s oldest brewery, established in 1328, and still maintains its independent, privately owned status, resisting super conglomerates like Anheuser-Busch InBev. Like most breweries with six centuries of tradition, things started with monks—they really loved their beer. Now, with 684 years of brewing experience under its belt, Augustiner is Munich’s most popular brewer, even without an advertising department. It maintains one of the city’s largest biergartens, Augustiner Keller, and a tent at Oktoberfest. Unfortunately, Augustiner’s Oktoberfestbier is produced solely for the Munich festivities, so if you’re looking for a liter, get your passport ready.
If you would like to nominate a cocktail recipe to appear in our latest series "Weekend Cocktails," email the online editor here.
Tools of the Trade
Become a master mixologist, or at least look like one, with the tools that make the trade.
- Muddler: This little tenderizing stick is a godsend and a must for any home bar. If fruity cocktails are in your future, the muddler is the only way to unlock fruits’ flavor.
- Handheld Citrus Juicer: Nothing beats freshly squeezed juice, but it can be a pain. Invest in a handheld citrus juicer; they are cheap and do the trick tout de suite.
- Cocktail Shaker: Don’t be a chump stirring your martini like a noob; purchase a nice shaker and become a master home barkeep.
- Jigger: This little apparati will make mixing the perfect drink as easy as pie. It's equipped with 1½ oz. and ¾ oz. cups for perfectly measured pours every time.
*Pictured available at Williams-Sonoma
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Backup? What backup!
Disaster waiting to happen
Thousands of UK small firms are teetering on the brink of disaster because they are ignoring simple backup procedures needed to safeguard their critical business data, a survey released yesterday has claimed.
According to the online poll, which was conducted by Microsoft, over a quarter of small companies cannot be bothered to back up data at all, while 40 per cent admitted that they only get around to doing back ups less than once a month.
The software giant went on to warn that the danger from shoddy backup procedures will be compounded by what it predicts will be sharp increases in the number of laptops being damaged or stolen. The company cited statistics suggesting that 100,000 laptops will be damaged and nearly 67,000 stolen next year, adding that with figures like these, insurers are advising businesses to incorporate the cost of hardware theft into annual budget planning.
John Coulthard, head of small business for Microsoft UK, said: "A recent MORI study revealed that half the respondents believed their laptop was susceptible to theft, yet more than a third did not make copies of confidential files. Without backing up your data you are liable to lose everything that you have worked so hard to build.
So, we hear you cry, what can be done to halt this apparently inexorable slide toward data disaster? Well, according to Microsoft the answer is to - yes you've guessed it - invest in the company's latest version of Small Business Server (SBS 2003) so you can schedule and centralise backups from the server.
For those that are interested in Microsoft's take on the benefits of server-based backup, the company has teamed up with the British Chambers of Commerce to produce a free networking guide which can be ordered from its small business website, bCentral.co.uk. ®
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Millions of jobless Americans will soon be left without benefits
AFTER a summer of idling, America's job-creation machine spluttered back into life in October. The economy added 151,000 jobs last month, its best performance since May. Private job growth rose even more, by 159,000, compensating for a continued decline in government payrolls. But the October surge was not enough to bring down America's 9.6% unemployment rate. As a result, it looks as though severe joblessness will outlive the programmes intended to address it.
America's recession, a post-war record in terms of length and depth, has left the country with unprecedented long-term unemployment. In October 6.2m people were listed as having been out of work for more than six months, and the average duration of unemployment now stands at 34 weeks, well above the previous post-war record of 20.5 weeks. Government unemployment benefits keep up living standards among the jobless, and so help stabilise a weak economy by bolstering consumer demand. But America's unemployment-insurance system can no longer cope with a problem of this size.
Benefits normally last for just six months. When unemployment is high, extended benefits kick in, adding an additional 13 to 20 weeks of benefits, varying by state. During recessions the federal government will often go further. Thus in June 2008 Congress authorised a big package of emergency benefits, which now cover workers in 27 hard-hit states (those with unemployment rates above 8%) for up to 99 weeks. In the wake of a “normal” recession, that would be more than enough time for workers to find new jobs. This one has not been normal.
The economy is still running 7.5m jobs short of its previous peak. A growing number of people are exhausting their unemployment benefits without finding new work. The problem will worsen sharply this winter, as the bulge of 5m workers who lost their jobs in the months after the financial meltdown of autumn 2008 notch up 99 weeks of unemployment. And in April, the emergency benefits all expire anyway. Congress has debated but failed to address the challenge posed by “the 99ers”. Republicans blocked in September the last serious effort to add a new tier of benefits beyond 99 weeks.
Congress has been required regularly to reauthorise even the existing extra benefits and, with each renewal, passage has been harder. In February Jim Bunning, a Republican senator from Kentucky, forced a delay to the renewal. When the deadline next came up, in early June, Congress at first failed to reapprove the programme, leaving 2.5m people without benefits for a time. Yet another showdown looms at the end of this month.
Democrats may try to squeeze through a reauthorisation of the benefits in the “lame-duck” session between now and the end of the year, but Republicans, flushed from November's electoral victories, are unlikely to give their support. Time is short, and other priorities, such as extending George Bush's tax cuts, may come first. Republicans argue that benefits discourage people from seeking work, although economists at the Federal Reserve attribute less than one percentage point of the unemployment rate to this effect.
Meanwhile, the National Employment Law Project estimates that 2m workers may lose their benefits by the end of the year. The total could rise to 4m by the end of April, when the existing emergency benefits programme expires and those still enrolled in it face the termination of their benefits. That will be bad for the economy, as well as the unemployed. Those without jobs or benefits may not show up on the monthly unemployment count: but they still suffer, and still spend a lot less.
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The distinction of clean and unclean animals.
And the Lord spoke to Moses and Aaron, saying:
Say to the children of Israel: These are the animals which you are to eat of all the living things of the earth.
Whatsoever hath the hoof divided, and cheweth the cud among the beasts, you shall eat.
But whatsoever cheweth indeed the cud, and hath a hoof, but divideth it not, as the camel, and others, that you shall not eat, but shall reckon it among the unclean.
The cherogrillus which cheweth the cud, but divideth not the hoof, is unclean.
Animals which you are to eat: The prohibition of so many kinds of beasts, birds, and fishes, in the law, was ordered, 1 st, to exercise the people in obedience, and temperance; 2 ndly, to restrain them from the vices of which these animals were symbols; 3 rdly, because the things here forbidden were for the most part unwholesome, and not proper to be eaten; 4 thly, that the people of God, by being obliged to abstain from things corporally unclean, might be trained up to seek a spiritual cleanness.
Hoof divided, and cheweth the cud: The dividing of the hoof and chewing of the cud, signify discretion between good and evil, and meditating on the law of God; and where either of these is wanting a man is unclean. In like manner fishes were reputed unclean that had not fins and scales: that is, souls that did not raise themselves up by prayer and cover themselves with the scales of virtue.
The cherogrillus: Some suppose it to be the rabbit, others the hedgehog. St. Jerome intimates that it is another kind of animal common in Palestine, which lives in the holes of rocks or in the earth. We choose here, as also in the names of several other creatures that follow (which are little known in this part of the world,) to keep the Greek or Latin names.
The hare also: for that too cheweth the cud, but divideth not the hoof.
And the swine, which, though it divideth the hoof, cheweth not the cud.
The flesh of these you shall not eat, nor shall you touch their carcasses, because they are unclean to you.
These are the things that breed in the waters, and which it is lawful to eat. All that hath fins, and scales, as well in the sea, as in the rivers, and the pools, you shall eat.
But whatsoever hath not fins and scales, of those things that move and live in the waters, shall be an abomination to you,
And detestable: their flesh you shall not eat, and their carcasses you shall avoid.
All that have not fins and scales, in the waters, shall be unclean.
Of birds these are they which you must not eat, and which are to be avoided by you: The eagle, and the griffon, and the osprey,
And the kite, and the vulture, according to their kind,
And all that is of the raven kind, according to their likeness.
The griffon: Not the monster which the painter represent, which hath no being upon earth; but a bird of the eagle kind, larger than the common.
The ostrich, and the owl, and the larus, and the hawk according to its kind.
The screech owl, and the cormorant, and the ibis,
And the swan, and the bittern, and the porphyrion,
The heron, and the charadrion according to its kind, the houp also, and the bat.
Of things that fly, whatsoever goeth upon four feet, shall be abominable to you.
But whatsoever walketh upon four feet, but hath the legs behind longer, wherewith it hoppeth upon the earth,
That you shall eat, as the bruchus in its kind, the attacus, and ophiomachus, and the locust, every one according to their kind.
But of dying things whatsoever hath four feet only, shall be an abomination to you:
And whosoever shall touch the carcasses of them, shall be defiled, and shall be unclean until the evening:
And if it be necessary that he carry any of these things when they are dead, he shall wash his clothes, and shall be unclean until the sun set.
Every beast that hath a hoof, but divideth it not, nor cheweth the cud, shall be unclean: and he that toucheth it, shall be defiled.
That which walketh upon hands of all animals which go on all four, shall be unclean: he that shall touch their carcasses shall be defiled until evening.
And he that shall carry such carcasses, shall wash his clothes, and shall be unclean until evening: because all these things are unclean to you.
These also shall be reckoned among unclean things, of all that move upon the earth, the weasel, and the mouse, and the crocodile, every one according to their kind:
The shrew, and the chameleon, and the stello, and the lizard, and the mole:
All these are unclean. He that toucheth their carcasses shall be unclean until the evening.
And upon what thing soever any of their carcasses shall fall, it shall be defiled, whether it be a vessel of wood, or a garment, or skins or haircloths; or any thing in which work is done, they shall be dipped in water, and shall be unclean until the evening, and so afterwards shall be clean.
But an earthen vessel, into which any of these shall fall, shall be defiled, and therefore is to be broken.
Any meat which you eat, if water from such a vessel be poured upon it, shall be unclean; and every liquor that is drunk out of any such vessel, shall be unclean.
And upon whatsoever thing any of these dead beasts shall fall, it shall be unclean: whether it be oven, or pots with feet, they shall be destroyed, and shall be unclean.
But fountains and cisterns, and all gatherings together of waters shall be clean. He that toucheth their carcasses shall be defiled.
If it fall upon seed corn, it shall not defile it.
But if any man pour water upon the seed, and afterwards it be touched by the carcasses, it shall be forthwith defiled.
If any beast die, of which it is lawful for you to eat, he that toucheth the carcass thereof, shall be unclean until the evening:
And he that eateth or carrieth any thing thereof, shall wash his clothes, and shall be unclean until the evening.
All that creepeth upon the earth shall be abominable, neither shall it be taken for meat.
Whatsoever goeth upon the breast on four feet, or hath many feet, or traileth on the earth, you shall not eat, because it is abominable.
Do not defile your souls, nor touch aught thereof, lest you be unclean,
For I am the Lord your God: be holy because I am holy. Defile not your souls by any creeping thing, that moveth upon the earth.
For I am the Lord, who brought you out of the land of Egypt, that I might be your God.
You shall be holy, because I am holy. This is the law of beasts and fowls, and of every living creature that moveth in the waters, and creepeth on the earth:
That you may know the differences of the clean, and unclean, and know what you ought to eat, and what to refuse.
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Peer-to-peer (P2P) applications such as Napster, Gnutella, iMesh, Audiogalaxy Satellite, and KaZaA, make it easy for users to exchange files with each other over the Internet. While these programs are a good way of sharing information, they are not entirely harmless and can cause problems for personal computer systems as well as for the University network.
This document provides the information users may need to avoid degrading the performance of the University’s network, to avoid unknowingly sharing personal data, to prevent inadvertently violating Federal Copyright Law, or to prevent exposing personal computer equipment to malicious code or unacceptable use when using peer-to-peer applications.
Most P2P applications will usually be configured so other users can access your hard drive and share your files all of the time. This constant file transfer can degrade your computer’s performance and generate heavy traffic loads on the University network, making overall network performance poor. The network is a shared resource and we all must use it responsibly. Network traffic capacity (referred to as “bandwidth”) is a limited and expensive resource that we must all consume responsibly.
UTPB network bandwidth consumption is monitored. If your usage could possibly impact the overall performance of the network, your computer may be blocked until the situation can be discussed and resolved.
Students living in University housing are limited in the amount of bandwidth they can use. Having P2P applications running all the time can quickly use up your bandwidth quota.
Before you install any program on your computer, especially a P2P application, read that program’s documentation and disable, if possible, file-sharing access.
File-sharing applications make it easy for you to share music, videos, movies, software, text and other files. However, unless you have the explicit permission of the copyright owner to possess or distribute the material, you may be in violation of federal copyright law. It is best to assume that all material is copyrighted.
Copyright infringement is the act of exercising, without permission or legal authority, one or more of the exclusive rights granted to the copyright owner under section 106 of the Copyright Act (Title 17 of the United States Code). These rights include the right to reproduce or distribute a copyrighted work. In the file-sharing context, downloading substantial parts of a copyrighted work without authority constitutes an infringement.
Penalties for copyright infringement include civil and criminal penalties. In general, anyone found liable for civil copyright infringement may be ordered to pay either actual damages or "statutory" damages affixed at not less than $750 and not more than $30,000 per work infringed. A court can, in its discretion, also assess costs and attorneys' fees. For details see Title 17, United States Code, Sections 504 & 505.
Willful copyright infringement can also result in criminal penalties, including imprisonment of up to five years and fines of up to $250,000 per offense.
The University cannot protect you from a copyright complaint. You are not insulated from legal action because of your status as a student or because you use University network resources. In fact, the University may be legally required to assist a complainant in pursuing action against you. The penalties can range from University sanctions to civil and criminal prosecution. Individual copyright owners and the entertainment industry are quite active in pursuing legal actions. You are not protected just because you received material at no cost or are distributing material with no charge. Your only protection is to not possess or distribute any unlicensed copyrighted material.
If you are running a file-sharing application, make sure you know which files and data the program can access and provide to others. You may be inadvertently sharing personal information such as e-mail messages and credit card information.
Virus writers are increasingly targeting file-sharing applications. If malicious code infects your computer, it can spread to millions of computers on the Internet. It is essential that you keep your anti-virus program up to date and install programs acquired only from reputable sources.
Some file-sharing applications also access your computer to provide a computational or storage resource for another organization’s personal use. This may not be an acceptable use of state-owned resources such as the UTPB network.
University Policy and Assistance
In summary, please remember that file-sharing programs are not necessarily harmless and in using them you may inadvertently consume excessive network bandwidth, violate copyright law, inadvertently share confidential information or make your computer unsecured. Disproportionate bandwidth usage and copyright infringement are violations of the University’s rules for acceptable use of information technology.
Students should be aware that university networks and computers connected to the university networks are monitored by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) and other copyright protection agencies. If you install peer-to-peer file sharing software on your computer you “open” your computer to monitoring by these agencies. If the university receives a notice from one of these agencies alleging a copyright violation associated with your computer, your network connectivity will be limited to local resources. This limitation will continue until you have discussed the situation with the UTPB Dean of Students.
Legal Sources Of Music & Video
For information related to legal sources of on-line music and videos visit
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REGIONAL offshore and inshore fisheries are becoming increasingly threatened by over-fishing.
But if leaders of the Melanesian Spearhead Group work together, they can reverse this trend and ensure Melanesia has thriving communities and sustainable national economies supported by healthy fisheries.
This was the message from a group of conservation organisations to Prime Ministers, Foreign Affairs Ministers and senior government officials attending the week-long MSG leaders summit in Suva.
A statement from the Roundtable for Nature Conservation in the Pacific Islands ù comprising Greenpeace, SeaWeb, the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF), International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) and the University of the South Pacific (USP) ù stated that Melanesia was blessed with natural resources.
IUCN Oceania director Taholo Kami said that was recognised globally for its impressive biodiversity and the ecological services it provided.
"But that wealth of natural resources is attracting increased commercial interest, both regionally and globally," Mr Kami said.
Head of WWF's South Pacific Program Kesaia Tabunakawai said the MSG was in a powerful position to influence both national and regional processes for sustainable fisheries and responsible oceans governance through equitable engagement across the Asia Pacific region.
"The MSG must take on a strong leadership role in the stewardship of the Pacific Ocean through effective national level action as well as participation in regional initiative such as the parties to the Nauru Agreement, Coral Triangle, Oceanscape and other existing initiatives," Ms Tabunakawai said.
The statement said that MSG leaders were urged to consider a shared vision and roadmap for sustainable and equitable offshore fisheries and integrated oceans governance as part of a blue economy.
"With the global fishing industry in particular, turning their attention to the Pacific Ocean, there is an urgent need for Pacific Island countries to tighten up on their management of fisheries resources in a way that guarantees more benefits for their domestic economies and to support local fishing industries for food security and the sustainable livelihoods of the people of Melanesia," the statement said.
Solutions presented for consideration to the MSG ministers included: incorporating more balanced management approaches into national fisheries plans, such as eco-system-based fisheries management, voluntary eco-certification schemes and pursuing multilateral approaches to access arrangements in order to ensure maximum returns across the board as a negotiating bloc.
Conservation groups were also urged for increased coordination among government departments in MSG countries to ensure a holistic approach to marine resources governance covering the territorial seas and exclusive economic zones of each MSG member state and better control of licences and access to fish stocks within Melanesian waters.
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The Western Cape government praised a unique housing project in Franschhoek.
Western Cape Premier Helen Zille and Human Settlements MEC Bonginkosi Madikizela toured the Langrug informal settlement on Tuesday.
NGOs, residents and the municipality teamed up to improve living conditions, with residents taking the lead in infrastructure development.
Zille said the project was very unique.
“The important point about this informal settlement is it is one where we have a really vital partnership with the community about the upgrading of the informal settlement. And now working together with the community, we are putting in storm water drains and toilets.”
She said they planned to duplicate the model in other areas.
Madikizela has described this as the perfect model.
“We have demonstrated in some other areas in the City of Cape Town that this is the perfect measures to use. I think this is the way to go to ensure the communities become more involved.”
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President Barack Obama is promoting an idea to free up more cash for smaller businesses that are hurting in the economic downturn.
As part of a bid to sell his economic agenda and re-energize voters, Obama is traveling to politically significant New Hampshire on Tuesday to draw attention to a proposal he mentioned in his State of the Union address last week.
The president wants to funnel $30 billion to local banks so that they can help small businesses get the financing they need.
While in Nashua, N.H., Obama plans to conduct his second town hall in six days, a format that allows him to show engagement with the public and counter a sense of "remoteness," as he has put it, that people have had with his policy agenda.
The Associated Press
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carbon monoxide poisoning detectors by SJD Supplies LTD
No quibble money back guarantee
No Longer Stocked
Email me when back in stock - we'll try to re-stock quickly!
Protection from the deadly CO gas is essential in every home. for more detailed information click the link below
Need to know more? Ask a Question.
Write the first review of Carbon Monoxide Alarm.
News for 'Carbon Monoxide Alarm'
Seven hospitalised after carbon monoxide poisoning 16/04/2012
7 people have been admitted to hospital after exposure to the deadly carbon monoxide was detected in significantly high levels
Call for all home to have carbon monoxide alarms 30/03/2012
A report provided by the government in the UK is calling for carbon monoxide alarms to be installed in every home. At present all new build homes have to be fitted with a carbon monoxide detector
MP's urge crackdown on unsafe boiler installation 30/03/2012
There are two hundred and fifty thousand unsafe and illeagaly installed gas appliances in the United Kingdom each year resulting in the deaths of arounf 50 people every year. This has resulted in MP's calling for reform over carbon monoxide rules
Inquest confirms death by carbon monoxide 27/03/2012
The couple from Britain which were found dead at their holiday appartment in Estonia had most certainly been posioned by the deadly carbon monoxide according to an inquest. The British banker Phil Townsend and his wife Mary who was fifty one were found in February..
Carbon monoxide advice to be issued 21/03/2012
The local fire rescue service in the Isle of Man is offering and issuing advice on carbon monoxide dangers and preventative measures which can be taken, this is due to a number of incidents involving carbon monoxide
Hotel evacuated after high levels of carbon monoxide detected 20/03/2012
Hotel guests in Hyatt Place have been evacuated after high levels of carbon monoxide were detected
Gas fitter accused of death 17/03/2012
A Female was found dead and her house mate was left paralised and in a vegetative condition after being pisoned by the deadly carbon monoxide a court was told.
Male Dead And Wife Seriously Unwell 15/03/2012
A Male has been found dead and his Wife still seriously ill after being poisoned by carbon monoxide whilst having a barbeques on a camping trip. The couple were staying in a wooden hut in the lake district...
Family poisoned by Carbon monoxide 13/03/2012
A fully qualified gas engineer is to be prosecuted after his poor workmanship led to a family of five being hositalised after exposure to carbon monoxide
1 person found dead and 2 others hospitalised after carbon monoxide poisoning 10/03/2012
2 more were taken to hospital and treated for possible carbon monoxide poisoning after receiving a call just after 10AM
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After Cuzco, we returned to Ollantaytambo, where Susannah had been living and volunteering. Ollanta is smaller than Cuzco, making nearby mountains accessible for great hiking and exploring. These are pictures of our hike along the river to the refreshing Piscina de Inca, a spring fed pool used by the Inca and still used today by locals.
As I mentioned in the last post, there are some fantastic ruins in Ollanta, the primary one being the “Fortress” (it was actually a religious site, probably in reverence for the fertile soil). Mainstream archeology credits the building of this site to Inca engineers. HOWEVER, I’d like to bring to your attention that while there is no doubt that the Incas USED the Fortress and other ruins found all over Peru, Bolivia, Ecuador, and Chile, I have come to believe that the extremely large stones found at Sacsayhuaman in Cuzco, Machu Picchu and the Fortress at Ollantaytambo, among others, were NOT built by the Inca. Yes, the Inca used these sites, but it seems much more likely that they simply adopted, remodelled and added to structures already in existence. The technology required to quarry, transport, carve and place such ridiclously large and precise stonework is virtually impossible given the technology we assume they possessed. Archologists have carried out experiments to “prove” that this can be done, but if you look closely at their methods, they are almost laughable and prove nothing. The Incas themselves even stated that many of their builings were not built by them, but by a much more ancient, currently unknown and tremendously advanced civilization. If they had built them, wouldn’t they want to claim ownership?
Check out these photos of the “Fortress.” Look very closely at how large and heavy some of these stones are, and how perfectly they fit together at very odd angles indeed. They fit together so tightly that you literally cannot slip a piece of paper between them, and some have up to 12 sides angled all over the place, perfectly fitted with all surrounding rocks.
There are various books written about this alternative archeology. David Pratt has put together a thorough summary of many of the mindboggling stonework credited to the Incas, connecting it to various other megalithic structures around the world and discussing potential theories. Check out his website here if you are interested, it’s cool stuff:
Have an open mind and check out that website (http://davidpratt.info/andes2.htm). Then think about the implications of what it would mean that there may have been a currently unknown, very advanced civilization sometime in our distant past.
Thanks for reading, Machu Picchu pics are coming up next!
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Times Pats Itself on Back for Publishing Photos of War Dead
The Times Public Editor patted his paperon the back for publishing photos of dead soldiers from Iraq- but when it comes topublishing controversial images, the paper'spolitical courage is quite selective.
Sunday's column by Public Editor Clark Hoyt, "The Painful Images of War," defended the paper's recent front-page story on the lack of photos of war dead from Iraq, a story that itself featured photos of dead soldiers.
The same paper which refused to stand in support of press freedom by reprinting the controversial cartoons from a Dutch newspapermocking the prophet Mohammed is suddenly quite brave when it comes to blasting out gruesome images that might provide a graphic boost to the liberal anti-war cause.
Two hundred twenty-one American soldiers and Marines have been killed in Iraq this year, but until eight days ago, The Times had not published a photo of one of their bodies.
The picture The Times did publish on July 26, of a room full of death after a suicide bombing in June, with a marine in the foreground, his face covered and his uniform riddled with tiny shrapnel holes, accompanied a front-page article about how few such images there are.
The Times reported that the freelance photographer who took the picture, Zoriah Miller, was barred from covering the Marines after he posted it and other graphic pictures of dead Americans and Iraqis on his Web site. A second photo accompanying the article, of a dead Army captain in a pool of blood in 2004, got that photographer in trouble at the time, too.
Jim Looram, a retired West Point graduate and Vietnam veteran, feels strongly that images of dead soldiers should never be published during a war. "I cannot describe to you what it is like to see a dead American soldier," he said. Civilians cannot understand what happens on a battlefield, Looram said, and it dishonors dead soldiers to try to convey through pictures what they went through.
His daughter, Meaghan, is the Times picture editor who handled the photographs that accompanied the article by Kamber and Arango. She loves her dad but disagrees with him on this. "Looking at photographs of the gravely wounded or dead is a profoundly affecting and emotional experience," she said. "However, I do feel that it is my duty as a journalist to see that a truthful account of the consequences of war is given."
Hoyt agreed with his paper, naturally:
Painful as these issues are - C. J. Chivers, a Times reporter and former Marine officer who wrote about Valdez-Castillo, told me he is "pretty tortured" about them - I think The Times has an obligation to pursue stories and photographs that report the entire experience of war, including death.
[Executive Editor Bill] Keller said, "Death and carnage are not the whole story of war - there is also heroism and frustration, success and setback, camaraderie and, on occasion, atrocity - but death and carnage are part of the story, and to launder them out of our account of the war would be a disservice."
Too bad Keller didn't show similar political courage when he had a chance to stand with other media outlets and publish the cartoons of Mohammad. Instead his editorial page punted. From a February 2006 editorial:
The New York Times and much of the rest of the nation's news media have reported on the cartoons but refrained from showing them. That seems a reasonable choice for news organizations that usually refrain from gratuitous assaults on religious symbols, especially since the cartoons are so easy to describe in words.
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As the Queen’s Diamond Jubilee celebrations wind down, it may be well to reflect on an aspect of public choice theory which supports constitutional monarchy — principally its rôle as a brake upon self-aggrandising politicians.
Public choice argues that, contrary to the myths propagated about the selfless motives of public servants, politicians and bureaucrats can be as self-interested in their public personas as they are as private citizens.
This is not the time to examine the unitive functions of the Crown, nor the acts of public service performed by the Royal Family — and how monarchy either refutes or conforms to the political landscape sketched out by public choice theory (though I personally believe the opportunities for gain are very few, while the burdens are many).
Neither is this an argument for constitutional monarchy as against republican forms of government; indeed, this may be one of the few areas where both forms, when modelled on justice, are equally serviceable according to the respective country’s traditions and national character — quite in variance, by the way, with respect to economics, where all the arguments are in favour of classical liberal/Austrian theories and quite contrary to Keynesian prescriptions.
Moreover, let it be admitted that constitutional monarchy is rarely an active force in limiting the power of politicians (minority parliaments being one exception, where the Crown has legitimate avenues of intervention), but serves rather more as a passive agent in limiting the State.
First, the very hereditary nature of British constitutional monarchy — i.e., non-elective — disinclines government to aggrandise the Head of State. Governments are reluctant to invoke public criticism for expenditures which do not in some way flatter the ‘heirs’ of democracy (especially when the House of Windsor is itself exceptionally well-endowed financially): Witness the absence of a royal yacht when H.M.Y. Britannia was decommissioned.
Second, the constitutional role of the monarch in the Westminster parliamentary system means that the prime minister is a servant of the Crown and cannot therefore with impunity rise above his station. It is at best to be guilty of lèse-majesté, and at worse an affront to the parliamentary party which can always be relied upon to remember that the inhabitant of No. 10 is simply primus inter pares.
The theoretical ground of this public choice defence is laid out by Austrian economist Hans-Hermann Hoppe who, while he may not necessarily be a monarchist, sees the unrestrained growth of elective governments as far more destructive of personal liberty and economic freedom. When absolute monarchy reigned, Hoppe argues, the State and its appurtenances were held as private property, and husbanded wisely as a future inheritance; subjects were jealous of their rights and defended them tenaciously (arising from an awareness of ‘class consciousness’), leaving the Crown on guard not to exceed its authority. Democracies, to the contrary, do not arouse a corresponding scepticism — Why, one day I too may be leader of the country! — but nor do they engender similar feelings of safeguarding wealth: Without the responsibility of bequeathing royal estates to one’s children, politicians become mere ‘caretakers’, and the spoils of State become transitory gifts that must be enjoyed and shared with one’s cronies while the democratic gods shine (a form of present-orientedness that is reflected in citizens’ consumption rather than investment).
Arthur Seldon called this ‘the dilemma of democracy’, noting four weaknesses in popular government: short-sighted with material resources; over-expansive with a tendency to ‘grow’; liable to conspiratorial patronage; and uncritical of majoritarian electoral decisions.
All of which leads me to wonder why classical liberals are so often enamoured of the republican ideal. As Hoppe observes:
From the viewpoint of those who prefer less exploitation over more and who value farsightedness and individual responsibility above shortsightedness and irresponsibility, the historic transition from monarchy to democracy represents not progress but civilizational decline.
One can understand their inability to appreciate a Tory reverence for tradition and continuity, yet why do they so cavalierly dismiss the public choice arguments that demonstrate that limited government in the age of the Welfare State is held hostage to democratic fortune?
‘It is the highest impertinence and presumption, therefore, in kings and ministers, to pretend to watch over the œconomy of private people, and to restrain their expence,’ wrote Adam Smith in The Wealth of Nations. ‘They are themselves always, and without any exception, the greatest spendthrifts in the society. Let them look well after their own expence, and they may safely trust private people with theirs. If their own extravagance does not ruin the state, that of their subjects never will (II.iii.36).’
Let not the irony be lost: Britain has gone from the time when a burgeoning representative democracy set in motion the end of the divine right of kings, transformed thus into constitutional monarchy — which itself has become the most visible restraint on elected politicians who behave as if themselves graced with divine sanction. We may no longer fear kings, but their ministers remain a threat to our rights and freedoms. Elizabeth II embodies the limits we must impose upon the political classes; her Diamond Jubilee an occasion to remember the State is the servant of the people. God Save the Queen!
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Date: October 15, 2010
Creator: Dilger, Robert Jay
Description: The Small Business Administration (SBA) administers several programs to support small businesses, including the Historically Underutilized Business Zone Empowerment Contracting (HUBZone) program. The HUBZone program is a small business federal contracting assistance program "whose primary objective is job creation and increasing capital investment in distressed communities." This report examines the arguments presented both for and against targeting assistance to geographic areas with specified characteristics, such as low income, high poverty, or high unemployment, as opposed to providing assistance to people or businesses with specified characteristics. It then assesses the arguments presented both for and against the creation and continuation of the HUBZone program.
Contributing Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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The Temple of Forbidden Wisdom has no external security. The Keepers of the Temple rely exclusively on two factors of defense.
First: the entire temple is patrolled and monitored by an intelligent network of autonomous assault robots. Some fly around, while others reside in stationary but strategic locations throughout the entire fortress. And the Temple is a fortress.
Second: a large front door, towering a massive forty meters high, which, when opened, releases a mind altering echo of sliding granite and gears, instantly alerting the internal security drones, resulting in an extensive and painful interrogation of the entering party, usually leading to a shortened lifespan of all members.
Ninja and Child have been here before. They are not expected guests and would therefore be condemned to the same method of torturous dispatching allotted to any common trespasser. However, Ninja and Child, having been here before and, having successfully liberated a certain cloak from the Temple at one time, are aware of certain vulnerabilities in the system. Ninja, as White Hat as a ninja can be, had reported one security vulnerability back in the day when the Keepers treated him as a friend, back before he realized their wicked motivations for enslaving knowledge. Of course, as is the response of most vile corporations in modern time, the Temple refused to fix the flaw, leaving an obfuscated but easily exploited weakness in their system. But Ninja found more holes in their logic, more ways to enter unknown, and after being cast out of the Temple as a heretic, Ninja held onto these secrets for a later time.
That time is now.
It is no secret that, made of brick, the Temple walls are easy for a ninja to climb. The Keepers, do not fret on this fact because the Temple has no windows and it towers over the clouds further than an eagle can see, beyond the tower of Babylon, to the edge of the atmosphere. They say on the top, there is a landing pad for a space shuttle, which some elite Keepers use to travel to other worlds. Others profess that it must end in a sharp peak, piercing the edge of the sky like a blade from hell. Ninja and Child need not postulate. They need not go so high.
One vulnerability of the fortress is simply air vents. They exist throughout the temple walls, high and low, producing waste and refuse in gaseous form, mixing the Temple's foul breath with the air outside. These vents are unmonitored, unprotected, and easy to pull out. The tricky bit is putting them back in, but that is a lesser concern.
Once inside the Temple, Ninja crawls, with Child in wrapped embrace, through the ventilation ducts, relying on his mask to filter the nauseating air before it fills his lungs. The cloak does the same for Child. Both have remarkable filter capabilities. It's part of being a ninja.
The ventilation system traverses the entire fortress. Ninja stops over the main laboratory, on the 3rd floor below ground. Underground, the temple spreads far and wide, covering the base of the wheat fields that surround it for great, immeasurable distances. The laboratory is the size of a football stadium, with gadgets and technology laying in heaps and racks, waiting for the taking. Within an instant the ninja spots his prize. It's clear, though he didn't know before his journey.
In the center of the lab, three technicians hover over a herd of slaves, using them as guinea pigs to test their latest device. The function is clear. This is the dream machine, the sleep charger, a battery pack for evening respite and a transmitter for its release. Several of these machines are being tested by slaves, either sleeping or receiving rest. The device is stored on shelves in a portable, hand-held box, which opens up at the press of a button into a full reclining chair and helmet. The battery, stored within the chair, charges in real time, so the sleeper subjects are not going anywhere. The ones retrieving sleep only sit on the device for a few minutes, emerging with, what appears to be, a full night worth of repose. The technicians stand ominously, taking notes and shouting instructions to the hapless flock.
The first technician falls with a sharp shriek as a chunk of ventilation shaft crushes his sinister brow. The remaining two stare incredulously at their friend, certain it must be an accident. Surely the drones would catch a malicious intruder before such dangers could befall them. But as they stare up toward the ceiling and wonder as the Ninja descends upon them, one of the slaves leaps from the sleep giving chair and smashes one of the men with a helmet. Others quickly join in and maul the other man. Ninja and Child continues his journey downward to the ground.
Attack drones pour out of the walls, fly down and firing at the herd of slaves. One bot sees Ninja falling and flies over to make sure he is dead before he hits the ground. A crucial skill for a ninja is the ability to dodge projectiles while falling. This is a skill for which our ninja earned a golden merit badge in ninja camp. The drone fires precisely but fails to nail the target. Ninja lands on the drone and rips out its internals, heaving them toward the remaining bots as they change targets to him. There are two drones remaining, which is the perfect number for a dodge and duck attack. It's a favorite of the ninja because it involves inaction to create action. By allowing the drones to attack at once, from opposite trajectories, and dropping at the right time, the drones will smash into each other, just like the old cartoons where the unwitting bad guys fail to notice their impending doom.
Ninja hits the floor.
The drones descend in unison but their internal networking is based on locust formations and they fail to collide.
The slaves riot. Machines fall. Inventions erupt in flames and melt in molten puddles of ruin.
With the drones following in rapid, unpredictable pursuit, Ninja grabs a Sleep Retention Box and runs for a springboard on the ground. Before hitting the board, Ninja pulls the grappling hook from his belt and winds it up. The board is quite enough to carry the ninja all the way back up to the open ventilation shaft but the grappling hook sails toward a drone, catches it and pulls it into its mate with a thunderous crash, fissure and flash. The slaves cheer, following Ninja and Child, leaping on the springboard in attempts to catch the shaft. Some make it, others fall back down and try again. Soon Ninja and Child and their new friends are all outside in the fields of wheat, carrying little boxes of promise, sprinting into the new sleepless world.
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Fantasilandia – Chile’s Amusement Park
Fantasilandia is an amusement park in the heart of Santiago, Chile. Established in 1978, it has slowly evolved over time from its initial eight attractions to a broad collection of rides, games, and attractions that you’d likely see at amusement parks around the world.
What does Fantasilandia Mean?
The name Fantasilandia is derived from the combination of two parts: Fantasi, comes from fantasía, meaning fantasy.
The -landia ending is one commonly used by Chileans to mean “the land of”. One of my favorite uses of this term is that of describing the United States as Gringolandia or “Land of the Gringo.”
Where is Fantasilandia?
Fantasilandia is located in Santiago’s second largest public park, Parque O’Higgins, in the center of the capital city. You can easily get to the park via the Autopista Central (Central Highway) or the Parque O´Higgins stop on the Santiago Metro subway.
When is Fantasilandia Open?
Fantasilandia is typically open on all school and public holidays and during summer vacation (December – February). The rest of the year, the park is open only on weekends.
What to do at Fantasilandia
Fantasilandia has a good mix of rides for the whole family. The park groups its attractions into these categories: family rides, kids zone, adrenaline rides, terror, paid rides, and competition games. As you can imagine these are the typical types of games and rides you’d see at other amusement parks.
Adrenaline rides include large and modern roller coasters.
Terror attractions include haunted house-type experiences and even a “Pirates of the Caribbean” ride.
Competition games are a good way to win that large stuffed animal or simply try to impress your friends. Be prepared to pay extra for these types of games.
How Much does Fantasilandia Cost?
As is typical with amusement parks, ticket prices vary based on the day of the week, season, and your age. Fantasilandia tickets will cost between $8,000 – $9,000 pesos for adults ($16 – $18 USD) and $4,400 pesos ($9 USD) for kids.
Fantasilandia has a website that is up to date with schedule, pricing, and attraction information. For more information about the park, visit:
www.fantasilandia.cl (site is in Spanish).
Picture by Violeta Z
Posted January 25th, 2012 in Destinations.
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Orchestra drops piece for being ‘too loud’
By Sam Wilson
A German orchestra has been forced to drop a composition from a concert after its members claimed the music was so loud that it gave them headaches.
The Bavarian Radio Symphony Orchestra (BR) decided to abandon the world premiere of Swedish-Israeli composer Dror Feiler’s Halat Hisar (State of Siege) after it was found to be “adverse to the health” of its musicians.
Several members of the 100-strong orchestra complained of buzzing in the ears hours after rehearsals of the 20-minute piece, which begins with a rattle of machine-gun fire that gradually increases in volume.
They said they would only play the ear-splitting composition if they were allowed to wear headphones, according to The Guardian.
The orchestra’s manager, Trygve Nordwall, said he had to put his musician’s health before the concert, complying with new EU rules that forbid more than 85 decibels in the workplace.
Readings were taken during rehearsals and even when toned down, Halat Hisar measured about 130 decibels, equivalent to hearing a jet plane taking off.
Critics have pointed out that if the new EU rules were applied in all cases this would effectively ban louder pieces by composers such as Strauss and Wagner.
By Auslan Cramb, Scottish Correspondent
A man who was blinded in one eye during the Blitz has had his sight restored more than six decades later.
John Gray, 87, was badly injured in 1941 during a Luftwaffe raid on Clydeside and lost the use of his right eye.
When old age caused him to lose the sight in his left eye, specialists decided to re-examine the wartime wound.
An eye surgeon at the Southern General Hospital in Glasgow has now replaced the damaged lens, allowing Mr Gray to see with the eye he has not used for over 60 years.
His restored eyesight is so good it would allow him to sit a driving test.
Mr Gray, from Glasgow, said he was delighted and “couldn’t be more pleased” with the results of the operation.
He was on duty as a firewatcher in 1941 when the air raid sirens sounded.
The Luftwaffe’s two-day raid left 1,200 people dead. Part of the German strategy was to drop landmines to stop the emergency services reaching the scene of the bombing.
One landmine landed on the cold store that Mr Gray was sheltering in, and he had serious injuries when he was rescued from the rubble eight hours later.
He recalled: “We just heard some glass shattering and that was the last thing I heard until I came to in the Victoria Infirmary with my leg stretched out in plaster and a big bandage on my head.
I had an injury to my head which took the sight away from my right eye.”
He was told he would never see with the damaged eye, but decades later Frank Munro, an optometrist who was the son of an old friend, examined the wound again.
He realised that the retina was healthy, and that all the damage was to the lens.
He decided that it was too risky to operate at the time, but said the eye could potentially be used as a “spare” at a later date. Last year, after Mr Gray developed macular degeneration, an eye surgeon removed the scar tissue from his old wound and inserted an artificial lens.
Doctors were concerned that the part of the brain that processes sight from the right eye might not work after a gap of six decades.
But after a few weeks his vision returned and he can now read small print.
Mr Gray said his optometrist and his eye surgeon, Dr Ian Bryce, “deserved a knighthood”.
Weightlifter fined for noisy exercise
A weightlifter has been fined £70 for exercising too loudly.
Giran Jobe, 36, was charged with 47 breaches of a noise abatement order after neighbours complained that his two-hour training sessions with dumbbells left them unable to sleep.
A council team investigating complaints about noise from his top-floor flat in Margate, Kent, found that at times the level hit 100 decibels – as loud as a rock concert.
The 6ft 2in, 15-stone carpenter was warned by officials last summer to stop using his weights. But after just one month neighbours again complained to Thanet council, which fitted flats on lower floors with noise recorders.
In the following six months neighbours recorded 47 breaches of the noise abatement order – citing “grunting and noise from the weights hitting the floor” as the major irritants.
One of his neighbours said the noise had been “unbearable” and added: “I hope he keeps his promise and sticks to push-ups from now on.”
Flybe advertises for actors to fill plane seats
Last Updated: 1:45am BST 01/04/2008
An airline which advertised for actors to fly back and forth between Norwich and Dublin to boost passenger numbers could be penalised.
Flybe, which is based in Exeter, came up with the idea as it faced losing £280,000 for not meeting a passenger target imposed by Norwich International Airport as part of a deal.
But the airport said it might not pay the rebate even if Flybe meets the target, because of the tactics.
Richard Jenner, the airport’s managing director, said: “We will have to have discussions with them about whether or not some of the passengers are bona fide.”
As well as advertising for “extras” on a website, Flybe placed staff ready to fly in case seats were not filled.
Flybe said it had decided against using actors after placing the advertisement.
But Suzanne Moore, 28, who was boarding a Flybe plane at Norwich yesterday, said she was a “model” and had been paid to fly.
Mummy of big-bottomed dinosaur found
The mummified remains of a huge crested duck-billed dinosaur – the Hadrosaur – have recently been discovered, preserved by a series of freak occurences: acidic waterlogged sediments formed around the fallen beast triggering a rapid deposit of minerals and trapping organic molecules before they decayed.
The creature which lived (and died) 67 million years ago may well shake scientists’ conception of how dinosaurs looked and moved, because the herbivore was longer and had more stripes – and a bigger bottom – than previously realised.
“Big Bum” is about 25 percent larger than previously thought and changes in the size of its scales imply that it may have had an almost striped camouflage pattern rather like a tapir today.
More widely spaced vertebrae than assumed suggest the beast was around one yard longer than traditional 25-30 ft estimates.
So, acid rain – good or bad? Just think, all those taxis rattling around without exhausts in Liverpool may well be accidentally helping to preserve remains of the human race while destroying the ecosystem!
“No, no, be honest – does my bum REALLY look big to you?”
Surgeon uses DIY drill to remove brain tumour
By Stephen Adams
A leading brain surgeon used a £30 DIY drill to carry out a successful operation on a fully conscious patient.
Henry Marsh used a Bosch PSR960 cordless drill because he did not have his normal equipment on him.
The do-it-yourself 9.6 volt drill cost one thousand times less the price of his preferred tool – a £30,000 compressed air medical drill.
But Mr Marsh had to use the Bosch because he was on a trip to Ukraine in Eastern Europe to help people let down by a vastly inadequate health system.
Halfway through the operation to remove the tumour from Marian Dolishny’s head, the power ran out.
His patient was only given local anaesthetic because he could not find a fully trained anaesthetist.
However, he said this gave him the reassuring benefit of being able to talk to his patient, to ensure that he was not inflicting brain damage.
Balloon lost in the sky with diamond
By Natalie Paris
Last Updated: 11:24am GMT 14/03/2008
It had seemed a romantic and highly original way to propose to the love of your life with a £6,000 diamond ring.
Lefkos Hajji, 28, wanted to make his engagement one his girlfriend would never forget, only to have his dreams cruelly snatched from his grasp by a gust of wind.
Rather than simply dropping to one knee before Leanne, 26, he told a florist to put her engagement ring in a silver helium balloon.
But no sooner had he left the shop when his plans backfired spectacularly and the balloons blew away – taking the ring with them.
Keeping his prize in sight, Mr Hajji, from Hackney, London, pursued the balloons for two hours in his car across London before giving them up as lost.
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1, Lane 281, XiTun Rd, Sec 3, Taichung, Taiwan
I bet you are wondering, like me, what is a carton or bee museum? Like the name says it is literally a museum showcasing the many uses of carton, yes carton boxes. The bee museum is all things bee. There is also a restaurant with, you guessed it, everything made of carton.
We went at night which added to the enchantment of the garden. Had we visited during the day I don’t think the garden would capture the essence of space as it does at night. The spiral walkway up to the main entrance through the garden is a wonder in itself. Lights, water, different levels of landscaping, plants, trees, and subtle music makes a very fairy like atmosphere even more mystical with rain.
I was amazed at the very creative uses of carton boxes. There are replicas of outdoor sheep, the Eiffel Tower of France, Lean Tower of Pisa Italy , the Hotel Burj Al Arab of Dubai, Windmills, and other monuments as sections of the garden. These outdoor paper products are water and fireproof, each commanding it’s own presence and space. The main building houses even more intricate creations. There are shelves, storage lockers, post office, walls, dining tables, household furniture, people, overhead lights, and sitting areas all in carton. The creative team works on developing and showcasing the many uses of paper.
The bee area houses live bees for honey production. Here again carton is used as shelves for various retail honey related items. It is fascinating to see the elaborate packaging in some of these honey gift sets. Various bottle sizes and shapes add to the thoughtfulness of gifting. Honey bees are housed behind an ecological wall which allows to view the bee’s natural movements. This unique honey is mild and not overtly sweet. I am having some in a nice cup of Taiwan Mountain tea right now. Delicious.
It was a little too late to experience the restaurant and we had dinner already. But it seems very lively and all tables, chairs and furnishes were made of carton. I am sure so were the utensils. How amazing that there is whole world made of carton paper?
Go check out a full set of 32 pictures on my Flickr.
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can you please explain to me what's ummi means? i do really wants to know ur view about it
it is a good question
i think we can respond ourselves, while reading the context where ummi is used in Quran
2:78 And among them are "ummis
" who do not know the Book except by hearsay, and they only conjecture.
3:20 If they debate with you, then say: "I have submitted myself to God, as well as those who follow me." And say to those who have received the Book and to "ummis
": "Have you submitted?" If they have submitted then they are guided, and if they turn away, then you are only to deliver, and God is Seer over the servants.
3:75 And from among the people of the Book are those whom if you entrust him with a large amount he gives it back to you, and there are those whom if you entrust with one gold coin he will not return it to you unless you are standing over him. That is because they said: "We have no obligation towards the "ummis
"" They say about God lies while they know.
7:157 "Those who follow the "ummi
" messenger prophet whom they find written for them in the Torah and the Gospel; he orders them to kindness, and prohibits them from vice, and he makes lawful for them the good things, and he makes unlawful for them the evil things, and he removes their burden and the shackles that are upon them. So those who believe in him, and support him, and help him persevere, and follow the light that was sent down with him; these are the successful ones."
7:158 Say: "O people, I am a messenger of God to you all. The One who has the sovereignty of the heavens and the earth, there is no god except He; He gives life and causes death." So believe in God and His "ummi
" messenger prophet, who believes in God and His words; and follow him that you may be guided.
62:2 He is the One who sent to the "ummis
" a messenger from among themselves, to recite to them His revelations, and to purify them, and teach them the Book and the wisdom. And before this, they were clearly astray.
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Historians will look back on the Arab revolutions of 2010 and 2011 as the first stirrings of a movement for change that will eventually transform political, economic and social rights around the globe. Today's anti-Western demonstrations take protest to a dangerous level. But the popular mood may be far less about hostility toward the United States and Europe, or support for religious extremism, than about a loss of hope.After visits to the Middle East and North Africa over the past year, I could see how the uprisings born in growing optimism about the dawn of new opportunities have morphed into angry protests fueled by frustration and despair. Global figures from the International Labor Organization show that almost 75 million people ages 15 to 24 were registered with their national governments as unemployed in 2011. That number is expected to rise this year. In some countries, the majority of young people is out of work. I found young people more connected than ever to what is happening around the world, yet hanging around on street corners with nothing to do -- and increasingly questioning the justice of their fate.Discontent stems from the lack of jobs and opportunity. In South Sudan, the world's newest state, only 400 of the more than 100,000 girls ages 14, 15 and 16 are in school. Around the world, UNESCO figures show that 61 million children are not reaching even primary school. Despite the second Millennium Development Goal of universal primary education by 2015, Africa is sliding backward; if nothing changes, two million more African youths will be out of school by 2015.Contrary to conventional thinking, the world is not on an irreversible path toward universal education. Under current trends, 50 million children worldwide will be out of school in 2025, and in 50 years, education for all will still be a distant dream. For millions, equal opportunity will remain a hollow promise and its absence a growing source of unrest.I have never thought that for the poor to be wealthy, the wealthy have to be poor. I don't subscribe to the politics of envy. If there is one idea that inspires our modern world, it is that all children should have the opportunity to rise as far as their talents can take them. Unfortunately, where you come from still matters much more than where you are going. Eighty percent of global income inequalities can be explained by who your parents are and where you live. Yet, instead of tackling the disadvantages that come from birth and background, government and international aid amounts to just $400 for the primary and secondary schooling of the typical African, while we spend upward of $100,000 -- 250 times more -- on her Western counterpart. This gulf between our ideals and children's experiences is what makes the cause of educational opportunity the civil rights issue of our generation.It is, of course, essential to deplore violence, to hold extremists accountable for inciting the young and to support moderate leaders who attempt to assuage the growing anger of the crowds. But if fundamental inequalities in opportunity are not addressed, unrest will grow -- not because young people are anti-American but because they have abandoned hope.Extending educational opportunity is a moral, economic and security imperative. Fortunately, there are good grounds for believing that we can deliver better chances for young people. Everywhere I go, from slums in Kibera, Kenya, to the Dalit untouchable communities outside New Delhi, I have met parents who understand the power of education. Mothers who had just sought refuge in South Sudan have told me that their children need food, shelter and security but that what they wanted most for them was education.The United Nations has launched the Education First initiative, uniting businesses, governments, nongovernmental organizations, teachers, parents and pupils in a 1,000-day campaign to get every child into quality education by the end of 2015. As the U.N. special envoy for global education, I know how bold we must be in battling prejudice, discrimination and exploitation. We have to tackle the culture that takes 10 million girls out of school to become child brides; outlaw the forced employment of 15 million youths under 12 who never enter classrooms; end the brutalization of those conscripted into armed groups, used by criminal gangs or sold into prostitution; and give hope to the 25 million out-of-school children living in conflict areas.We don't need scientific breakthroughs or technological transformations -- only a revolution in political willpower to train an additional 2 million teachers and build 4 million more classrooms. No parent I know would consider the $13.50 that the international community gives an African child in annual education aid too generous. Tragically, even that meager amount -- just 25 cents for a week's schooling -- is falling. We must convince governments and the public that a few dollars more from rich countries' citizens for the education of a child in a poor country is a worthwhile investment. With support of only a dollar a year from the world's middle class of 1 billion people, we could start to honor the millennium promise made to every child that they would be in school.When we are starting to understand the damage caused by the absence of opportunity, can we afford to refuse the next generation their chance?Gordon Brown is the United Nations' special envoy for global education. He was prime minister of the United Kingdom from 2007 to 2010.
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Reporting the Results
When you feel that there is enough data to support the hypothesis it's time to accurately report the findings. This may take the form of a lab report or a research report. A scientific research report differs from a report of library research. In addition to a statement of the problem, literature search, and hypothesis; you should report on the methods and materials of your experiment, the results gathered, and the conclusions drawn. This report should very specifically reflect your understanding of the problem or the question you intend to answer.
The first section should only present the problem or state the question. Secondly, an introductory section should present a search of the literature (Bibliographic Form). In this survey, information is presented to support your background. Each piece of information should be credited with its source. The form may be a footnote or literature cited. See a grammar text for details. In general, these should be the facts upon which your hypothesis is based.
Thirdly, follows the clearly stated hypothesis; describing the set of circumstances under which the specific result will take place. This hypothesis may describe the ways in which a set of variables affect a phenomenon. It may be an educated guess based on a search of the literature. Perhaps, it might be a statement that no relationship exists between certain variables, a null hypothesis. If used correctly, these would add focus to an investigation and should be expressed in this way.
Fourth is a very detailed description of the methods used. Then this design of the experiment will be stated in such a way that someone else can repeat it. Someone else should be able to follow your procedures as they would a recipe. The materials used are listed here.
The fifth section of your paper should convey your results. This may take the form of tables, graphs, or both. The raw data and the results of any statistical measures are presented. Here results of your investigation are presented without any discussion.
Finally, in this separate, discussion section the data presented above is analyzed and evaluated. These findings may be supported by the literature; if so cite each pertaining source. The more support that you present, the stronger these conclusions will be. Those conclusions will be drawn and supported in this discussion section by the literature.
The body of the paper will now be complete; but a few tasks remain. A list of literature cited or bibliography should be included. Check a grammar text for the form. A scientific paper should include a literature cited section.
A last section must acknowledge those who helped you with your work. For instance, thank all who helped you with guidance, materials, or the use of equipment or facilities.
One last item which you should write is an abstract of your paper. This is a shortened version of the entire paper. It is helpful for others to read this summary to get a general idea of your work. The abstract should include information about yourself at the top: name, address, school, grade in school, age, and the general subject area of your project. This should be followed by three short paragraphs. The first paragraph should lay out the purpose. The second would describe your methods and materials. The last paragraph should present the results and conclusions. The abstract should be from 200 to 300 words and should fit on one page. When you put the paper together, the abstract should be included as the first page.
Return to Science Fair Primer.
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The best things that can explain precision metal machining as an industrial concept are its applications in some industries and the technologies used in this regard. This page will present to you facts on theses ones.
Precision metal machining basically takes charge of metalworking. Add to that, it can also involve polymer product manufacturing. These services are delivered through the use of specialized metal machining facilities that can cover both random and short run production of precision metal pieces.
There are also some precision metal machining industries that take charge of TIG as well as MIG welding processes. These are the processes that deal with all sorts of metals including aluminum and stainless versions. Since these are very sensitive processes that may result to problems at some points, some service providers focus much attention on meticulously determining whether parts were made out of highly accurate processes or not.
Precision metal machining applications
A number of other industries benefit from the existence of this industrial concept. For one, some of the processes behind the idea brought some breakthroughs in the world of medicine. Some implants and instruments for the knees, spine and hip as well as the upper and lower extremities come from this very essential process.
The fuel pump industry also gains an advantage from the existence of this process. Some fuel pump parts will not be manufactured unless precision metal machining will be used.
Apart from these examples however, there are still other industries that make use of this special industrial process. For one, there is the automotive industry that is definitely in need of metal components at exact measurements. Furthermore, the telecommunications industry also makes use of the metal parts produced from the process.
Technologies often used in the precision metal machining industry
Precision engineering is the main technology that makes all systems run for precision metal machining. This helps service providers extend what consumers demand when it comes to high quality products. Grinding as well as CNC turning and milling processes are considered in this regard. Because of the existence of this technology, some providers are able to produce even the most challenging machining components required by consumers.
Aside from precision engineering, however, there are still other technologies that can be employed by several industries offering these services. For one, there is the so-called material engineering. Add to that, there is also the CAD and CAM processes as well as the heat treatment and surface treatment.
The precision metal machining technologies mentioned above may be offered by a service provider depending on the industry that needs the output from such type of industrial concept. Some companies may fuse these ideas altogether when needed.
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A top congressional appropriator, U.S. Rep. Kay Granger, warned UNESCO that granting the Palestinians full membership could mean a cutoff in U.S. funding for the cultural body.
If the Palestinians don’t pull back from their statehood push, congressional cuts in aid are inevitable, U.S. lawmakers say. Just how comprehensive such cuts will be, however, could end up depending on Israel’s stance on the issue.
The Arab League called on its member states to offer more financial aid to the Palestinians in response to a report that the United States has frozen $200 million in assistance.
Palestinian plans to petition the United Nations for recognition and membership as an independent Palestinian state are going forward despite intense diplomatic pressure to back down. On Thursday, Palestinian Authority President Mahmoud Abbas told foreign journalists that efforts by Israel and the U.S. are “too late” and that even if Israel would present a package of incentives for returning to the bargaining table, “We would first go to the UN and then negotiate.”
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You've been active in the Center for Disease Control's Healthy Communities program. Please explain what the program is, and the role you've been playing.
It's an evolving program at this point. It's mostly through the Environmental Health Division, and they're looking at ways to contribute to the efforts around the country focused on creating healthier living environments. In particular, they're focused on the design of communities. The CDC assembled a group of 15 or 20 people recently in Atlanta for the purposes of evaluating the approach and methodology that they might use in creating, potentially, a new center around healthy community design. I was asked to participate as a representative from the ASLA. They had representatives from a variety of other professional associations, non-profits, governmental entities involved.
Health equity relates to the "right to public health." According to the CDC, "Most health disparities affect groups marginalized because of socioeconomic status, race, ethnicity, sexual orientation, gender, disability, geographic location, or some combination of these." Disadvantaged communities are often disadvantaged in terms of access to transportation options. Unhealthy communities lack sustainable transportation infrastructure, such as sidewalks, bike lanes, or low cost public transportation. These communities also often lack green infrastructure -- parks, green roofs, trees. What kind of infrastructure investment is needed to remove these inequities?
You've identified a number of the elements that would be necessary for more healthy community to be available to these populations. Land use and transportation decisions often are the biggest issues. Not only is ease of access important, but also the availability of services and things like nutritious foods as well as access to education. The lack of mobility in terms of accessibility to non-auto transportation adds to that. The CDC is looking for ways to try to improve that as well.
For them, the big issue is a lot of regions or communities do not understand the kind of direct corollary between health and the interface between land use and transportation decisions. They're not only looking for ways to improve on the availability of better transportation and a more mixed use land use environment, but they're looking for ways to influence organizational development at the local government level. They're looking for ways to contribute to the financial or fiscal mechanisms that are necessary to provide these services and facilities. They're also looking to influence the political process, in that they're trying to create factual reference points that can contribute to the conversation -- whether it's through health impact analysis (which is a tool they've used through their community health organizations) or things like the LEED green building certification process, the Sustainable Sites Initiative, or the ICLEI STAR Community Index process.
All of these things are intended to provide quantifiable reference points for communities around the country so they are able to evaluate their public policies and fiscal decision making and achieve better community design and more effective environments that create options for folks to gain access to healthier food and living conditions.
| Urban Corridor Planning — City of Houston, Houston, TX
The Planning Partnership Limited, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
What needs to come first, healthy community infrastructure (sidewalks, bike lanes, promenades), or demand from local communities for this infrastructure? What's the best way to create demand in places where this infrastructure has never existed?
There's a lot of debate around that. In examples around the country, what has been found is that where communities take the initiative to actually install the infrastructure, there is, in fact, a significant pent-up demand that has been unmet. It's kind of a "if you build it, they will use it" situation. In different cities around the country, where they've done things like added bike lanes on streets, or built sidewalks where they didn't exist, they were surprised at the increase in usership by walkers and bicyclists for those kinds of facilities.
It really requires some leadership on the part of local governments to devote some percentage of their infrastructure resources to making these things available and attract people to use them. You know, it isn't enough to just say, "Well, people say they want them, so we're going to build them." You actually have to have them there for people to know that they're available for use.
U.S. First Lady Michelle Obama has made childhood obesity her top priority, saying recently, "Nearly a third of all children in this country are overweight or obese, and a third will suffer from diabetes at some point in their lifetimes." Obama pointed to poor nutrition, parents' long work hours, and dirty or unsafe neighborhoods as key problems. Obama said, "There's also often a lack of safe and accessible facilities for play." How can creating healthy community infrastructure help alleviate children's health problems?
I agree not only with those identified contributors, but I would add what was talked about a lot at the Healthy Communities Design Forum -- the increased level of sedentary activity on the part of a lot of families, and kids, in particular. Kids spend a lot of their free time in situations where they aren't actively engaged, whether it's passive recreational pursuits or active sports and recreational activities. In addition, where kids have, in many cases, dual-parent working households, it makes it very difficult for the parents to actually support those efforts.
While the problems that are causing all of this are relatively self-evident, the challenges have to do with not only making the solutions available, but making them readily accessible. The solutions need to be close to home or schools, and safe and secure for kids to use throughout the day, the week, and throughout the weekend. It's important to make access to those facilities safe and convenient, so there are actually bicycle ways and sidewalks that kids can easily walk to. In a lot of cities, you've got developments without really any convenient or ready access to those kinds of activities, so there's a pretty significant gap between demand and supply.
Insufficient physical activity has been linked to a range of diseases in both children and adults. What are some of the most effective ways to support and encourage exercise through landscape architecture?
Active elements have to do with the introduction of widespread indoor and outdoor recreational facilities. The second area in which they can help is through the development of recreational programs -- the design of systems -- that are adaptable to the recreational needs of a community.
The passive part is really just better and more frequent design of facilities that makes it possible for people to access transportation, those recreation activities. Whether it's backways, sidewalks, or other trails, you've got to have ways in which people can get access to the parks, recreational facilities and programs that are being designed.
What is the CDC, and the federal government more broadly, planning to do on healthy communities in the future? In particular, is the CDC working with the Department of Transportation initiatives like Complete Streets, Safe Routes to Schools, and others, that will foster more healthy communities?
| U.S. Department of Transportation Fast Lane Blog
Under the new administration, the CDC is not only doing those things that you've just described, but they are becoming an active participant in the President's Livable Communities Partnership that was developed in concert with the Congress. The partnership is essentially requesting that the Department of Transportation, EPA and HUD create an alliance focused on how they can regulate facilities, services, and functions within a community for livability. The partnership can enable funding in a more efficient and mutually compatible way, and CDC, as well as other agencies, has been invited to participate. Obviously, CDC will participate through the Department of Health and Human Services.
Most recently, the CDC is finding that public health and community health really are important indicators to determine whether a lot of the decisions made around federal funding for and regulation over services and functions and facilities are effective. Community health can be promoted through transportation; through EPA (through their clean water, air and land activities); or through HUD, by expanding its role beyond just housing and actually talking about urban development. Complete Streets is part of their program.
This process is going to result in a variety of initiatives to modify the way in which each of the federal governments go about decision-making on their investments, the rules that they apply, and the kind of procedures that are required of local governments to comply with them, and even the criteria that are used to evaluate the merits of various programs that are being submitted for application and financial or regulatory support. They hope communities will embrace and endorse objectives from all of the various organizations, and, at the same time, the agencies are systematically finding ways to eliminate or reduce the number of conflicts or inconsistencies, or inherent contradictions between various agencies' programs.
Lastly, how can landscape architects, architects and planners foster change in their own local communities? Are there particular assessment tools you recommend?
There's been a fair amount of conversation on this point. The one tool the CDC has at its disposal is the Community Impact Analysis, or Community Health Impact Assessment tool, and it's useful and getting a modest amount of application. Other areas where ASLA and design and engineering professions can help are in broadening the use of USGBC's LEED and LEED-Neighborhood Development (ND). There's also the addition of the Sustainable Sites Initiative, which CDC is looking at as a tool for broader landscape initiatives. Then, designers, whether it's landscape architects, planners or others, need to be actively involved in the acceleration and expansion of the ICLEI effort to create what's called the STAR Community Index, which is essentially a method to provide tangible, analytical, and quantifiable reference points for a whole suite of community design questions, whether they have do with the: physical design of public places, community design of the private environment, residential areas, mixed-use developments, employment centers, retail, commercial and institutional, as well as industrial complexes.
Beyond that, CDC is also looking at how the design and planning professions are contributing to the creation of model practices that can be provided as tool boxes or menus for various communities, a program called the "Initiative to Create Scalability of Best Practices." There are a lot of good anecdotal projects around the country that have demonstrated healthy communities design successfully, but they've not achieved the kind of momentum that has resulted in widespread or broad- based application. The CDC is hopeful that through their efforts they can work with all the different for-profit and non-profit organizations to create not only a menu of different analytical tools to evaluate what healthy communities look like, but actually serve as a vehicle to help provide technical assistance, financial grants and other support, as well as models based on research of best practices that can be transferred and applied across the country, whether it be in urban, rural, or even the smallest communities around the country.
Paul Morris, FASLA, is a former president of ASLA.
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Following last week' hotly debated Executive Order by Governor Perry to mandate Gardasil in
"It is utterly disgraceful that WVA would force this vaccine on families, especially when their State law provides no relief to those who object to other vaccines," stated Children of God for Life Executive Director, Debi Vinnedge. "Even if they include an opt-out for Gardasil, such a move would be unconstitutional for parents who have religious objections to other vaccines, such as those using aborted fetal cell lines."
While Gardasil does not utilize aborted fetal cell lines – a primary focus of Children of God for Life, the group noted it raises other moral concerns. And they are not alone. Since Perry's actions last week, numerous family and medical groups agree that this is a family decision for the parents – not the State.
In a statement released Jan 22, the
Likewise, Focus on the Family warned last year, that state officials, not parents, would become the primary sexual-health decision makers for
Vinnedge noted, "Mandating Gardasil is like the State mandating condoms for children. And neither one is effective at preventing cervical cancer. The HPV virus's incubation period is 20 years, yet this vaccine was tested for only 4 years. No one knows whether this will prevent cervical cancer at all."
Last year the Associated Press reported the FDA warning that, "any advantage the vaccine provides in protecting against the four virus types could be offset by infection by any of the multiple [over 100] other types of HPV that the vaccine does not cover." The FDA further noted that "the vaccine may lead to an increased number of cases of a cancer precursor among patients already infected by any of the four virus types at the time they receive the vaccine, and whose immune systems have not cleared the virus from their bodies."
For more information, visit www.cogforlife.org/gardasil.htm
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Origins of Life
Have you ever wondered if life on Earth could have been seeded by extra-terrestrials? Findings of a recent study suggest that this may, indeed, have taken place. This phenomenon, called lithopanspermia, is the transfer of micro-organisms between meteors or planetoids that collide in outer space.
Until recently, notions about the gravity and velocity of matter in space suggested that there were very few collisions between two objects. For this reason, lithopanspermia was not a viable hypothesis. In the new study, scientists considered asteroid speeds up to 50 times slower than before. These speeds, they believe, would have occurred when bits of matter fell into orbit around massive, stationary star clusters. These orbiting meteors and planetoids would have only been partly captured in the star’s gravitational field. As a result, they would remain subject to the gravitational pull of other passing bodies. These weak and wobbly orbits increased the chances of impact between two passing objects. The study concluded that collisions may have been frequent enough to warrant further inquiry.
The next step was to cross-reference the other assumptions we hold about the development of the solar system, and see if lithopanspermia was compatible. Based on a comprehensive list of other data, including the capacity for life to survive on meteors, the age of the sun, and the changing habitat on earth, the study concluded the following:
"So, if life arose on Earth shortly after surface water was available, there were possibly about 400 million years when life could have journeyed from the Earth to another habitable world, and vice versa, the researchers report. If life had an early start in other planetary systems and developed before the sun's birth cluster dispersed, life on Earth may have originated beyond our solar system."
While this may still be a far cry from colonization by intelligent extra-terrestrial entities, these findings reinforce a perception of the early universe as an interconnected whole. Changes and developments in one region of space could ripple and percolate through the network of stars and planets. Studies like this one help to quietly initiate a more expansive and inclusive perception of the universe beyond Earth.
Image by Smithsonian Institution, courtesy of Creative Commons licensing.Tweet
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http://www.realitysandwich.com/origins_life
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368708142388/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516124222-00067-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz
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en
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FORT BELVOIR, VA. — Scheduled to open in spring 2011, the military community hospital located here will be the first hospital in the country to be built to meet the U.S. Green Building Council LEED Silver requirements and the Energy Policy Act of 2005 regulations, plus it will also incorporate the latest research findings of evidence-based design (EBD).
Since hospitals consume a large amount of energy, building an energy-efficiency medical facility was paramount for this project, along with utilizing water conserving products and systems, while upholding EBD principles.
To provide the best possible healing and working environment for patients, visitors, and staff, hospitals require precise temperature and humidity control, maintained outside air ventilation and proper air pressurization. Air pressurization plays an important part in infection control in modern health care facilities by directing the filtered supply air from the clean areas towards the less-clean or contaminated spaces, thus containing infections and protecting patients from illness. However, this process requires a large amount of air to be circulated 24 hours per day, seven days a week, and the conditioning of the air requires a significant amount of energy.
The Fort Belvoir community hospital will consume 27.6% less energy (based on regulated energy savings) than a typical hospital and will also save approximately 4,000 tons in CO2 emissions.
Besides adhering to LEED Silver requirements, the hospital will meet the Energy Policy Act of 2005, requiring 30% energy reduction when compared to the ASHRAE standard 90.1-2004 baseline, according to Lidia Berger, vice president and eastern director of sustainable design solutions at HDR, the project’s architectural, engineering and consulting firm, based in Omaha, Neb.
Much of the energy savings can be attributed to a Multistack heat recovery chiller system for reheating, high-efficiency variable speed drive chillers and variable air volume devices.
High-efficiency chillers with variable speed drives were selected for the project based on the results of a life-cycle cost study, according to Theodore E. Zsirai, senior vice president of HDR.
“Chillers must be sized for the maximum building cooling load, but most of their operation is at conditions below peak capacity,” explained Zsirai. “To maximize efficiency at a partial or minimum load, variable speed drives are used to reduce impeller speed. This results in a system that consumes much less energy during the year than any other capacity control method.
“Similar to chillers, most fans, pumps, and other turbo machinery seldom operate at peak capacity,” added Zsirai. “By reducing the speed of this equipment when full capacity is not required, overall efficiency is increased, assuring the most cost-effective method of transporting heating and cooling energy to the point of use.”
Modular heat recovery chillers will provide reheat hot water for the facility while producing chilled water to supplement the central utility plant during summer months. During winter months, these chillers will provide a large portion of the building’s hot water heating load.
Waste heat from fan coil units, serving the electrical and communication rooms, water cooled hospital and laboratory equipment, and other process cooling loads, will be used as the energy source for cooling. Additional energy will be derived from the air handling units’ cooling coils.
Instead of using 100% outside air for cooling in the winter, some of the units will operate with minimum outside air. Cooling will then be provided for these air handling units by the heat recovery chillers, transferring the energy to the hot water side.
“The combined heating and cooling system (COP) is estimated to be 5.2 at the maximum 140° F hot water temperature and 45° F chilled water supply,” said Zsirai. “This COP can be increased even further during intermediate seasons by reducing the discharge hot water temperature and increasing the chilled water temperature.”
Building operators will have the option of using either the primary heating boilers in the central utility plant or the heat recovery chillers to provide the most cost-effective operation.
The hospital will also utilize lighting and thermal controls, occupancy sensors, daylight harvesting and control systems to conserve as much energy as possible.
Low-flow plumbing fixtures, dual flushed water closets and sensor-activated faucets will be utilized in appropriate areas of the hospital. An integrated rainwater and condensate water collection system is able to store up to 160,000 gallons of reusable water. Water will be funneled from the hospital’s swooped roofs, and captured and stored in two large underground cisterns in the hospital’s courtyards.
According to Berger, potable water savings per year will be approximately 1.6 million gallons of water.
“This is a 60-acre site,” explained Berger. “Sixty percent of it will be restored with native and adaptive vegetation. One of our water efficiency strategies comes from the fact that native vegetation typically requires little to no irrigation. All irrigation needs for the site will come from collected rainwater.”
Evidence-based design is defined by The Center for Health Design as the process of basing design decisions about the built environment on credible research to achieve the best possible outcomes in patient healing.
Even though it is possible to design and build an energy-efficient hospital that follows EBD, as this project exemplifies, some EBD principles can create challenges when designing mechanical systems.
The Military Health System, along with Tricare Management, the civilian care component of the Military Health System, and Noblis, a non-profit science, technology and strategy organization, reviewed the research results from the last decade and developed four EBD principles to be considered for all Department of Defense projects. The goals are to provide safe and sustainable facilities focused on patient- and family-centered care, provide a positive work environment, and design for maximum standardization, future flexibility and growth.
“Over the last decade, evidence-based design has evolved, almost as its own discipline,” said Barbara Dellinger, eastern director of healthcare interiors at HDR. “Using the latest evidence, many design ‘interventions,’ as the solutions are called, can be applied to help improve efficiency or safety in many areas.”
The EBD requirement that has the greatest impact on mechanical system design is the higher level of air filtration required in areas occupied by immune-deficient patients, according to Zsirai, and there is evidence that using HEPA filters with 99.997% efficiency in filtering the supply air significantly reduce the infection rate of these patients.
HEPA filters reduce infection incidences for immuno-compromised and other high-risk patients at rate of 99.97% (MHS). They will also contribute to the achievement of LEED IEQ Credit 5.
Utilizing low-flow fixtures is also a challenge because of infection control. Laminar flow is needed to prevent bacteria, and potable water is being used for irrigation only due to EBD principles.
“Designing sustainable hospitals can be challenging, mainly because hospitals are already highly regulated facilities,” explained Berger. For example, installing low-flow faucets throughout the hospital was an issue because of infection control.
Once the hospital opens, educational programs will be in place for visitors, staff and the community to learn about the sustainable systems used in the facility. Many of the educational program components are under development right now.
The hospital’s construction phase, managed by the Norfolk, Va., District of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, is expected to be completed in late summer 2011. At this time, construction of the 2.7 million-sq.ft. facility is approximately 50% completed. Once finished, the facility will be turned over to the U.S. Army Medical Command to staff and equip for subsequent operation.
The hospital will be part of an integrated health care network providing medical services to the nation’s wounded soldiers and their families. The hospital is one piece of a realignment designed to increase hospital and outpatient care to all service members and veterans under BRAC 2005. Other elements of the health care network include the realignment of Walter Reed Army Medical Center and the Naval National Medical Center in Bethesda, Md.
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<urn:uuid:54a7da95-d66c-461f-8334-3eb334fb5445>
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CC-MAIN-2013-20
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http://contractormag.com/news/hospital-chiller-system-2345
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|
en
| 0.93532
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Table of Contents:
- Total U.S, corn production for 2010 is estimated at 12.4 billion bushels
- Total U.S. soybean production in 2010 is expected to be the second highest on record at 3.33 billion bushels
The latest USDA Crop Production Report, released on Jan. 12, indicates that the total U.S. corn and soybean crop in 2010 will decline from record production levels in 2009. The final average yield per acre in 2010 is also expected be lower than the record national corn and soybean yields of 2009. Following are some highlights of the latest USDA Crop Report, as well as the latest supply and demand (WADSE) reports.
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<urn:uuid:46af40a0-09cd-4c65-894e-8be437b7796c>
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CC-MAIN-2013-20
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http://cornandsoybeandigest.com/issues/2010-crop-production-declines
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368704713110/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516114513-00056-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz
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en
| 0.916349
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| 2.421875
| 2
|
Last Frost Date and Why it MattersFebruary 22, 2012
With the onset of spring-like weather, it is tempting to put away frost cloths and to plant vegetation and sow seeds outdoors. But, don’t let the sunshine, green field grasses, and emerging buds fool you. Frost and frozen ground can kill or damage plants and seeds leaving you frustrated, discouraged, and broke.
If you are new to gardening or have recently moved, ask your local Master Gardener Chapter or professional nursery person for your zone’s last frost date. They can also tell you what zone you live in or plug in your zip code here to find out. But remember there is more than one zone system. Guest writer and master gardener Robin Ivanoff explains here.
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<urn:uuid:9499e803-8cd7-4bbf-b74e-3befbd2c2e53>
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CC-MAIN-2013-20
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http://inandaroundthegarden.net/2012/02/22/last-frost-date-and-why-it-matters/
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368704713110/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516114513-00059-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.938431
| 156
| 1.953125
| 2
|
West Virginia's wildlife officials like to boast that bowhunters can find deer practically in their own backyards.
In some respects, they're right. Some of the state's best bow hunting can be found within the corporate limits of its largest cities. If deer can thrive there, they can thrive just about anywhere.
But just because deer are evenly distributed doesn't mean bow hunting opportunities are. Some hunting spots are indeed more equal than others.
A cursory glance at the state's 2011 bow-harvest statistics easily reveals a list of counties where archers killed the most whitetails. Those numbers, however, don't tell the full story. Counties with large surface areas tend also to have larger harvests.
Division of Natural Resources biologists measure counties' productivity by the number of deer that hunters kill in each square mile of whitetail habitat. That's a much more accurate assessment, but not foolproof either. Tiny counties tend to have grossly inflated deer-per-square-mile statistics.
So for purposes of determining which counties are truly the best bets for Mountain State archers, Woods & Waters has chosen to combine the two measurements.
The crack W&W stat squad ranked all the counties' bow harvests and deer-per-square-mile ratios and averaged them against one another. Three Northern Panhandle counties - Hancock, Brooke and Ohio - were tossed out because their tiny surface areas blew their per-square-mile statistics far out of proportion.
Here's how the top 10 broke out:
When one considers the amount of public hunting land available within the county, Preston becomes even more attractive. The 12,713-acre Coopers Rock State Forest and the 3,092-acre Snake Hill Wildlife Management Area lie mostly within the county, as does a small portion of the Monongahela National Forest's 58,798-acre Blackwater WMA.
Like its big neighbor to the east, Preston County, Monongalia also boasts an enviable array of public-land hunting opportunities. Portions of the aforementioned Coopers Rock and Snake Hill tracts lie within the county's borders, as do the 1,036-acre Little Indian Creek WMA and the 766-acre Pedlar WMA.
Still, bowhunters must be finding plenty of private land on which to hunt, or Wood's statistics wouldn't be as good as they are. The county's average of 2.42 whitetails per square mile was the state's second best in 2011. The county's raw harvest of 749 deer ranked 10th.
The county contains two extremely popular public hunting tracts: The 11,772-acre Chief Cornstalk WMA near Southside, and the 3,655-acre McClintic WMA north of Point Pleasant. McClintic is one of the state's "older-age deer management" areas, and hunters who head there should be aware that any bucks they kill must have antler spreads of at least 14 inches.
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<urn:uuid:1fb5bb43-20ad-4f9a-8495-7af138095319>
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CC-MAIN-2013-20
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http://www.wvgazette.com/Outdoors/201209150126
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368711005985/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516133005-00058-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz
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en
| 0.94361
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| 1.882813
| 2
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No person may take or possess more than 6 rock lobsters (both species combined) on any one day.
Rock lobster may not be possessed seaward of the high water mark in an unmeasurable state.
Protected rock lobster
The following types of rock lobster must be returned immediately to the water:
- Undersized rock lobsters.
- Any rock lobster carrying external eggs (these are carried between the pleopods on the underside of the tail).
- Any rock lobster in the soft shell stage.
- Any rock lobster that cannot be measured (e.g. because of damage to the tail preventing accurate measurement).
It is an offence to:
- Remove external eggs or the egg-bearing appendages from any rock lobster.
- Use a spear or any device which could puncture the shell when taking rock lobster, or possess any rock lobster which has been speared.
Only hand operated loops or lassoes may be used to take rock lobster. It is prohibited to use a spring loaded loop or lasso.
Use of Pots
All rock lobster pots must have an escape gap as detailed in the “ESCAPE GAPS FOR ROCK LOBSTER POTS” section.
Escape gaps restrictions
- No escape gap or aperture shall be incorporated in either the top or the bottom of any pot.
- Escape gaps or apertures are designed to allow undersized rock lobster to escape.
- Round or beehive shaped pots must have at least 3 escape gaps/or apertures (other than the mouth). Each aperture must have an inside dimension of not less than 54 mm x 200 mm.
- Square or rectangular shaped pots must have at least 2 escape gaps/or apertures (other than the mouth) in opposite faces of the pot. Each aperture shall not be less than 80% of the height or length of the face of the pot in which the apertures are contained. Each aperture shall have an inside dimension of not less than 54 mm x 200 mm.
- Any rock lobster pot constructed entirely of unaltered spot welded mesh with inside dimensions of 54 mm x 140 mm does not have to have escape gaps/or
apertures but the pots must be used without covers or liners or with covers or liners that leave unencumbered at least 80% of the surface area of each of 2 opposite sides.
No person may take or possess
- Male red rock lobster with a tail width less than 54 mm.
- Female red rock lobster with a tail width less than 60 mm.
- Packhorse rock lobster (either sex) with a tail length less than 216 mm.
How to measure a red rock lobster
The tail width is measured in a straight line between the tips of the two large (primary) spines on the second segment of the tail, as shown in the diagram which follows:
The sex is easily determined:
- Females have small pincers on the rear pair of legs.
- Pleopods are in paired form on each side of the underside of female tails, and are in single form in male tails.
If you are unsure of the sex, use the 60 mm measurement and you will be safe.
How to measure a packhorse rock lobster
The tail length is measured along the underside in a straight line from the rear of the calcified bar on the first segment to the tip of the middle fan of the tail.
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<urn:uuid:c868f9f0-5034-42ac-9a07-c77930ffc1f7>
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CC-MAIN-2013-20
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http://www.fish.govt.nz/en-nz/Recreational/Fishery+Management+Areas/Auckland+and+Kermadec+Areas/Rock+Lobster.htm?wbc_purpose=Basic&WBCMODE=PresentationUnpublishe%23MainContentAnchor%23MainContentAnchor
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368697974692/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516095254-00002-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.915947
| 712
| 2.109375
| 2
|
iVPN is an application that makes use of the standards based PPTP and L2TP VPN server installed with Mac OS X. This VPN server is usually only available on Mac OS X Server and configured through the Server Admin application. iVPN makes it possible to use the same server utility on the client version of Mac OS X.
iDNS is a configuration tool that makes setting up your own DNS server as simple as possible. iDNS uses the de facto standard DNS server, BIND, which comes installed on every Mac. The tool to configure this DNS server is not included by Apple on standard Mac OS X installations, only Mac OS X Server. But what if you don't want to buy Apple's expensive Server operating system just for a DNS server? This is the beauty of iDNS!
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<urn:uuid:c61496ca-d35f-4d81-91ff-2043dbaf4770>
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CC-MAIN-2013-20
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http://macserve.org.uk/
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368704132298/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516113532-00066-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz
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en
| 0.925751
| 163
| 1.929688
| 2
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TCJC provides fact sheets and other educational materials on policy changes in corrections and criminal procedure, as well as guidance on issues relating to criminal defense, claims of innocence, conditions of confinement, and various other topics.
Our organization receives hundreds of letters from incarcerated individuals on a monthly basis, as well as numerous calls from their loved ones. In order to meet their informational needs, we recently created a Texas Prisoner Resource Directory that includes organizations and associations that assist inmates and their families with various criminal justice-related issues.
Check it out and let us know if there are any additional resources we should include!
TDCJ's Reentry Task Force
We are pleased to have been a participant in the Reentry Task Force's successful first meeting. To view the presentation given during the Task Force meeting by TDCJ Deputy Executive Director Bryan Collier, and Becki Ney and Richard Stroker from the National Institute on Corrections (NIC), click here.
To stay up to date on reentry related information, including reports, articles, and conference information, visit the Reentry and Integration Division website. Also, a new hotline has been established to address the questions, needs, and concerns of recently released individuals, their family members, and members of the general public. Call 1-877-887-6151 for more information.
TDCJ's Temporary Housing Assistance Program (H.B. 3226)
TDCJ recently established policies relating to the payment of temporary housing costs for certain individuals released or eligible for release on parole or to mandatory supervision. TDCJ is offering interested and potential housing providers important information regarding the payment process and other details of the Temporary Housing Assistance Program, click here to learn more.
In an effort to respond to the many inquiries about the implementation of H.B. 3226 and the Temporary Housing Assistance Program, TCJC created an informative fact sheet to address the concerns of incarcerated individuals. Click here to view this fact sheet.
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<urn:uuid:17335ddb-a38a-41be-8d45-fed40b6f6a3d>
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CC-MAIN-2013-20
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http://test.criminaljusticecoalition.org/tools_for_re_entry/resources_inmates
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368702448584/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516110728-00012-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz
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en
| 0.938666
| 397
| 1.59375
| 2
|
My research focuses on infectious diseases, especially insect-borne. I am particularly interested on the interactions between the innate immune system of disease vectors and pathogens. Among the three leading global infectious diseases is malaria (others are AIDS and TB) that threatens almost half of the global population, infects over 400 million people every year and kills 1-3 million people, mostly young children in sub-Saharan Africa. It is caused by the protozoan parasite, Plasmodium, transmitted between humans through Anopheles mosquitoes. To study the interactions between vectors and pathogens, we use genomics, functional genomics technologies and reverse genetics, combined together in a systems biology approach. Below are some of our recent scientific discoveries and future directions.
We have pioneered the development of a series of functional genomics platforms for Anopheles research, including various microarray platforms and a full genome RNAi library. The first microarray platform consisted of 4,000 ESTs of the major African malaria vector A. gambiae and was used to study the mosquito immune response and refractoriness to Plasmodium. Later, we produced a 20,000 EST microarray that encompassed approximately 8,000 genes and used extensively by us and others in the research community to address various biological problems, including mosquito responses to viruses, insecticide resistance and developmental programmes. While this platform is still in use, we have generated new full-genome amplicon microarray (MMC2) and, more recently, oligonucleotide microarray platforms, which serve as the main tools in our transcriptomics research to study immune signalling and responses to specific pathogens. The design of MMC2 amplicons have allowed us to also create a double-stranded RNA library of all the mosquito genes. We are currently using this library to finely dissect immune modules and, in collaboration with mathematicians, to study the Anopheles immune system from a systems biological perspective. To complete our genomics toolkit, we called Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) in the A. gambiae genome using sequence traces from past and ongoing genome sequencing projects and are currently developing a SNP chip. We aim to use this to understand the genetic diversity in field mosquitoes that regulates susceptibility vs. refractoriness to P. falciparum and thus contributes malaria transmission.
Transcription profiling of A. gambiae has identified a Leucine-rich repeat encoding gene, LRIM1, as a key player in the mosquito immune system. LRIM1 is a potent antagonist of the development of the rodent malaria parasite, P. berghei, mediating lysis or melanization of ookinetes during their invasion of the mosquito midgut. Genetic epistasis experiments have revealed that the inhibitor of parasite melanization, CTL4, is part of the same immune module and acts downstream of LRIM1. In A. gambiae infections with the human parasite P. falciparum, this module appears not to have the same effects on parasite development. We are currently investigating whether this difference between the human and rodent parasites relates to their differential ability to evade the mosquito immune system or to differences in their levels of infection. In either case, this is thought to be the result of evolutionary co-adaptation between the host and the parasite, which we aim to study using population genetics approaches. Recent data show that LRIM1 is a member of a mosquito-specific gene family, which comprises additional parasite antagonists.
Although A. gambiae is a highly competent vector of human malaria, its sibling A. quadriannulatus is a non-vector. We have shown that A. quadriannulatus is resistant to infections by P. falciparum and the rodent model P. berghei. Resistance is controlled by quantitative heritable traits and manifested by lysis or melanization of ookinetes in the midgut as well as by killing of parasites at subsequent stages of their development in the mosquito. Orthologs of the Leucine-rich repeat proteins, LRIM1 and LRIM2, and the complement-like protein TEP1 are required in this reaction and their silencing transforms A. quadriannulatus into a highly permissive vector. Additional genes involved in this phenotype have been identified and are currently being investigated.
We have shown that the A. gambiae equivalent of the Drosophila Imd pathway is activated in response to bacterial infections and is essential for the survival of adult mosquitoes. This pathway is also involved in the killing of P. berghei in the mosquito midgut, perhaps through transcriptional control of the parasite antagonist, LRIM1. The key recognition receptor of this pathway is PGRPLC, as in Drosophila. PGRPLC exists as three main isoforms, all of which can bind peptidoglycan. Structural modelling has provided insights into how PGRPLC functions to control Imd pathway activation. The Imd pathway and its transcription factor REL2 are not involved with the mosquito fungal infections.
A genome-wide analysis of A. gambiae gene expression revealed a series of developmental transcription programs and tissue-specific patterns. Comparative analysis of these data together with Drosophila developmental expression has revealed a conservation of orthologous gene expression between these two insects. This similarity of expression is not correlated with the CDS similarity, indicating that expression profiles and coding sequences evolve independently. This is the first large-scale comparative transcriptomic analysis between two distantly related organisms. It has also identified clusters of co-regulated antiparasitic immunity genes which are currently being investigated.
In addition to being vectors of devastating parasitic diseases, mosquitoes act as vectors of several viral diseases including Dengue and Yellow fever, various encephalitides and Chikungunya (CHIK). The latter has recently become a major threat in countries of the European Union, with a major outbreak in Italy in 2007. We have developed a research programme to study insect responses to viruses, which may help develop future strategies to control spread of such diseases. The alphavirus O’Nyong Nyong (ONN), which is very closely related to CHIK and transmitted by A. gambiae and A. funestus, is used as a model system. Genome-wide transcriptional analysis of the A. gambiae responses to infection with the ONN virus identified a number of regulated genes; however, only few are part of the classical mosquito immune repertoire. This suggested that the mosquito response against viral infections is distinct from the immune response against bacterial, fungal or parasitic infections. The study of candidate genes and pathways is ongoing.
The genome sequence of the mosquito Aedes aegypti, which is vector of the viral diseases yellow fever, Dengue and CHIK, has allowed us to perform a comparative phylogenomic analysis of the insect immune repertoire. This analysis has revealed distinct and seemingly contrasting modes of evolution of genes involved in the different phases of immune signalling and the melanization genetic module. These dynamics reflect in part continuous readjustment between accommodation and rejection of pathogens and suggest how innate immunity may have evolved. The impact of these modes of evolution on the interactions of the vector with different pathogens is currently under investigation.
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<urn:uuid:de73b16f-ff0c-4954-85cb-20dca976331b>
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CC-MAIN-2013-20
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http://www.openwetware.org/index.php?title=Kafatos:George_K._Christophides&oldid=576921
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368704392896/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516113952-00065-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.93791
| 1,480
| 2.125
| 2
|
Is it grammatical to say, "The class is going on excursion"? My thought is that it would be preferable to say "The class is going on an excursion".
My colleague thinks that the first sentence is correct. What do you think?
This question is too basic; it can be definitively and permanently answered by a single link to a standard internet reference source designed specifically to find that type of information. See the FAQ for guidance on how to improve it.
While “The class is going on excursion” sounds fine to me, it appears that “... on an excursion” is a more-common form. An ngrams for on excursion,on an excursion,on journey,on trip shows that on an excursion is hundreds of times more frequent than on excursion. Note that the percentage of relevant instances among instances of on an excursion is high, and the percentage of relevant instances among instances of on excursion is low, which changes the ratio to thousands of times instead of merely hundreds. That is, if you inspect book links for on excursion, most are irrelevant; for example, refer to passengers on excursion steamers rather than to passengers on excursions.
Among the book links, you may find the link to Martin Haspelmath's Coordinating Constructions of interest, as it specifically treats the on excursion, on an excursion pair, albeit via examples translated from Polish. Part of what he says is not profound: some coordinating conjunction uses are constrained syntactically; some are constrained semantically; and some are constrained both ways. I don't know if the rest of what he says (re non-reflexive possessive pronouns vs reflexive pronouns) is relevant.
Maybe this is a UK/US thing. In the US, "going on excursion" would definitely be considered a grammar error. "Excursion" is a noun, and when used in the singular it calls for an article. (Or a similar adjective: You could say, "The class went on one excursion this semester.")
I understand "go to hospital" is common in the UK, while in the US we always say "go to THE hospital". Though we do say "go to work" and "go to school" with no articles. I don't know if there's some rule to explain that or if those are just special cases.
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<urn:uuid:d7c09188-7629-4f17-91f9-cf3685c8fa15>
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CC-MAIN-2013-20
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http://english.stackexchange.com/questions/81599/go-on-excursion-vs-go-on-an-excursion
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368702448584/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516110728-00030-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.951169
| 493
| 2.4375
| 2
|
The Risk Management Standard was originally published by the Institute of Risk Management (IRM), The Association of Insurance and Risk Managers (AIRMIC) and Alarm (The Public Risk Management Association) in 2002. It has subsequently been adopted by the Federation of European Risk Management Associates (FERMA).
Following the publication of the ISO 31000 Risk Management Principles and Guidelines in 2009 a new document 'A Structured Approach to Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) and the Requirements of ISO 31000' has been produced by IRM, AIRMIC and Alarm. This provides up to date guidance on the implementation of ERM in the context of the new ISO standard.
IRM has decided to retain its support for the original risk management standard because it outlines a practical and systematic approach to the management of risk for business managers (rather than just risk professionals). It also free to download and also available in 15 languages.
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<urn:uuid:51ed7708-073e-46ca-a1a0-851acafa217e>
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CC-MAIN-2013-20
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http://theirm.org/publications/PUstandard.html
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368699881956/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516102441-00008-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz
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en
| 0.9301
| 183
| 1.539063
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The Seven Deadly Enemies of Man, also known as the Seven Deadly Sins, are seven powerful demons, that reperesent the seven deadly sins of Judeo-Christian religions, The demons can take control of people's bodies amd force them to follow their base desires. The Sins were captured by the wizard Shazam many years ago, and encased in seven mockingly stone statues, which were placed in the Rock of Eternity. Currently, the Enemies remain imprisoned, but they escaped on at least one occasion the destruction of the Rock of Eternity at the hands of the Spectre, however, Captain Marvel managed to trap them once again.
The demons have escaped their prisons several times to cause havoc, usually freed by another villain. King Kull releases them, planning to make Sin bombs and destroy the world along with turning Billy Batson to stone, but he is defeated and the Sins again imprisoned.
The Seven Deadly Sins identify them by their traditional theological versions (Pride, Envy, Greed, Anger, Sloth, Gluttony, and Lust). When the Spectre destroyed the Rock of Eternity and killed Shazam the Sins were released. When the Rock was rebuilt the Sins were again captured, although they try and torment Marvel as he can hear their thoughts, and they are implyed to have caused trouble at a full moon. It is claimed that Pride is the most rude and dangerous.
- Pride: The most powerful and dangerous of all the Enemies, according to Captain Marvel. It represents the desire of one to be more important or attractive than others.
- Envy: It represents one's jealousy over others and a desire to deprive a man from something he loves.
- Greed: It represents insatiable ambition and the desire to possess more than one needs.
- Anger: It represents uncontrollabe feelings of hatred and violence.
- Sloth: It represents laziness and apathy.
- Gluttony: It represents over-indulgence and over-consumption of anyhing to the point of waste.
- Lust: It represents excessive desires or thougts of sexual nature
Equipment: None known.
Transportation: None known.
Weapons: None known.
- In the original Fawcett stories and most other versions, the Seven Sins were "censored" to an extent in keeping with 1940s standards, identified as the "Seven Deadly Enemies of Man" and including Pride, Envy, Greed, Hatred, Laziness, Selfishness, and Injustice among their ranks.
- No trivia.
- 32 Appearances of Seven Deadly Enemies of Man
- 1 Images that include Seven Deadly Enemies of Man
- Team Gallery: Seven Deadly Enemies of Man
- Fan-Art Gallery: Seven Deadly Enemies of Man
Links and References
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After over two decades in molecular genetics research, Beverly Akerman realized she’d been learning more and more about less and less. Skittish at the prospect of knowing everything about nothing, she turned, for solace, to writing. Her fiction collection, The Meaning Of Children, now also available for Kindle, won the David Adams Richards Prize and made the CBC – Scotiabank Giller Prize Readers’ Choice Contest Top 10. Credits include CBC Radio’s Sunday Edition, Maclean’s, The Globe and Mail, The Hill Times, Montreal Gazette, The National Post, The Toronto Star, myriad literary magazines, scientific journals, and other publications. She hopes aspiring writers will enjoy her most recent piece, “How to become an e-book sensation. Seriously” from The Globe and Mail. Beverly is strangely pleased to believe herself the only Canadian fiction writer ever to have sequenced her own DNA.
Follow her on twitter @Beverly_Akerman
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I don’t know about you, but sometimes my eyes are bigger than my stomach. I either pile too much food on my plate or pack my refrigerator to the brim with food. It’s only Squirrel and I, yet I buy enough food to feed a small army. Everybody loves coming to my house because they know there’s always something delicious stored in my fridge.
Sometimes I buy too many bananas. We all do it. They sit on the counter patiently waiting to be eaten, getting riper by the day. I swear that’s why banana bread was invented. Someone couldn’t eat all of there bananas before they turned to brown mush on the counter, so in a bowl they went.
The other day I may have went a little wild at the grocery store and bought one too many containers of strawberries. It’s hard to resist those intoxicatingly sweet berries when the aroma drifts your way as you walk by the neatly stacked containers. In the cart they went.
Some of my berries started getting a little soft before I was able to eat them all. What does one do with soft strawberries? Hmm, make syrup for soda? Yup!
Homemade soda is way better than any soda you’ll find at your local grocery store.
Making soda at home allows me to control the amount of sugar in the recipe.
This recipe is perfect for kids. It’s caffeine free and low in sugar.
- 1 lb. fresh strawberries, hulled
- 3 cups water
- 1 cup sugar
- ½ lemon, juiced
- 10 sprigs fresh thyme
- Club soda
- In a medium-sized saucepan, add water, strawberries, lemon juice, thyme, and sugar. Bring the mixture to a boil, reduce the heat, and simmer for 20 minutes.
- Remove the mixture from the heat and strain through a mesh strainer into a large bowl (preferably one with a spout for easy transfer). Using a spatula, press down on the strawberries to release all of their juices.
- Transfer the strained mixture back to the saucepan and bring to a boil; reduce the heat and simmer for 30 minutes or until the mixture reduces to about 2 cups of liquid.
- Chill the syrup in the refrigerator until completely cool, about 2 hours.
- Add ice to a glass, pour in desired amount of syrup, and top with club soda. Enjoy!
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According to the Examiner, the Weather Channel Companies are predicting that now through all of December will be colder than usual temperatures for the west and northwestern states. By December and January much colder temperatures will arrive leaving us with a cold chill in the air. To prepare ourselves for this cold weather we must keep up with our crochet skills and work up some fabulous winter wearables. You're sure to find the perfect winter patterns in our latest eBook Winter Wonderland: 17 Winter Patterns to Crochet (http://www.allfreecrochet.com/
In this eBook you will find winter patterns to prepare for the cold season. Some favorites you'll discover are scarves, hats and even sets for your convenience. Once the first snow falls you'll know winter is officially here, so be ready for it! And when you're not wandering the streets you can stay cozy in your home while working up some fun crochet designs to decorate the house with. Find some jolly snowmen and even some snowflake coasters, all of which make great gifts or stocking stuffers for the Christmas season. Your home is sure to look like a winter wonderland in no time! These fabulous patterns are just a click away when you download the eBook for free at http://www.allfreecrochet.com/
Christine Weiher, Editorial Community Manager
About AllFreeCrochet.com and Prime Publishing:
AllFreeCrochet.com is a website dedicated to the best free crochet patterns, tutorials, tips and articles on crochet. Find all varieties and skills levels, from easy
to crochet afghan patterns to complex Tunisian crochet patterns.
Prime Publishing LLC was established in 1995 as a traditional niche book publishing company. Today, they are an Internet Media Company that operates web site communities and e-mail newsletters in niche areas such as crafting and cooking. A full list of web properties, free newsletters and free eBooks can be found at www.primecp.com.
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Pertussis, more commonly known as whooping cough, is making a major comeback across the U.S., the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) announced on Thursday. Nearly 18,000 cases have been reported nationwide to the CDC in 2012, more than twice as many as were reported at this time last year. That puts the country on track for the most cases in more than 50 years.
“We may need to go back to 1959 to to find a year with this many cases reported,” said the CDC’s Dr. Anne Schuchat in a conference call.
Some areas of the country have been hit harder than others, such as Washington state, which declared a whooping cough epidemic in April. More than 3,000 cases have been reported in the state so far, compared with 20 reported by the same time last year, said Mary Selecky, secretary of the Washington State Department of Health. “For every case that we know about, we suspect that there are many people out there who have pertussis and don’t know it,” she said.
“What’s happening in Washington state is a reflection of the larger national picture of this very difficult to control disease,” said Schuchat.
The highest rates of infection are being seen in babies less than 12 months old; half of all cases are in those under 3 months old. That’s not surprising, since these infants are too young to be vaccinated. They are protected by mothers’ vaccination in pregnancy and the vaccination of other adults and children who come into contact with them — but vaccination rates aren’t as high as they should be.
The CDC notes also that pertussis rates are high in young kids and teens, aged 10 to 14. Health officials think the spike is due largely to the waning protection of pertussis vaccinations received earlier in childhood. The U.S. used to use a childhood pertussis vaccine known as DTwP that contained killed B. pertussis bacteria cells. But in 1997, in response to fears that the vaccine was linked with rare neurological problems (the connection has not been shown scientifically), manufacturers switched to a so-called acellular vaccine (DTaP) that uses proteins from the surface of the bacterium to trigger immunity.
DTaP is given in five doses in childhood, with the final dose given between ages 4 and 6. Although the vaccine offers strong protection soon after it is given, evidence suggest that protection peters out sooner than with the older vaccine — perhaps within five years. That’s why the CDC recommends a pertussis booster at age 11 or 12.
“Our pertussis vaccines are not perfect. They don’t provide protection for as long as we wish they would and this adds to our challenges during our times of increased disease,” said Schuchat. Still, children who have been vaccinated but catch whooping cough have less severe disease and are less infectious than unvaccinated children.
Pertussis is a contagious bacterial disease that causes uncontrollable, violent coughing. The coughing makes breathing difficult for suffers, often resulting in the deep “whooping” sound that characterizes the disease. It is particularly dangerous for young children and infants; half of babies who get the disease are hospitalized.
Rates of pertussis tend to be cyclical in nature, with peaks occurring every three to five years or so. The last peak occurred in 2010, when more than 27,000 cases and 27 deaths were reported. So far, this year, nine children have died. “We may be hitting one of those cycles where we are in an upswing around the country,” said Schuchat. However, the rates of disease in young teens are different from what the CDC has seen in the past, which is why health officials recommend the booster shot — and have debated moving up its timing.
Along with children, teens aged 11 to 18 and adults aged 19 to 64 are recommended to receive a pertussis vaccine (the booster shot, called Tdap). Adults and pregnant women who may come into contact with a baby under 1 are also strongly encouraged to get vaccinated with Tdap for the infants’ protection. Kids who don’t get vaccinated have an eight times higher risk of getting pertussis.
In 2010, 95% of 3-year-olds had received at least three doses of the DTaP vaccine, and 84% had had four doses. However, the number of kids and adults getting the booster shot were much lower. Sixty-nine percent of 13- to 17-year-olds had gotten Tdap and only 8% of adults had. “I know we can do better than this. We need to do better than this,” said Schuchat.
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On May 22, one of America's most interesting minds and engaging writers passed. Martin Gardner possessed a unique combination of literary breadth, rigorous logic, mathematical intuition, and lively, engaging writing.
I never met Gardner, but I know him well -- and so do the students who take my freshman honors seminar at Eastern Nazarene College, "Contemporary Questions." Like many great writers, Gardner has put his soul in print, allowing us to peek in and see what a true genius thinks about the great questions of life -- free will, God, immortality, evil, prayer, politics, markets.
In about eight weeks 30 incoming freshman honors students will get a letter from me and their first reading for college -- Gardner's opening essay from The Whys of a Philosophical Scrivener. Titled "Why I Am Not a Solipsist," the essay jump-starts the academic juices and derails any student who thinks he has college all figured out. (I use the male pronoun here because women don't come to college with such unrealistic assessments of themselves.)
A solipsist, in case you are wondering, is someone who believes that he or she is the only person in the world. The apparent "external" world is just a projection of our minds. Solipsism is a great way to start engaging the mystery of the world, for it is both absurd and irrefutable. There is simply no way to prove that the external world is not your own fantastic construction -- which sort of establishes from the get-go that pretty much everything is up for grabs. On the first class I wear a shirt that my students gave me two years ago that says "Is it solipsistic in here or is that just me?"
Gardner is a delightful paradox. Best known as a hard-nosed, card-carrying, take-no-prisoners skeptic, he cleverly and ruthlessly exposed the fakery of faith healing, spoon-bending, alien abducting, mind-palm-tarot-card reading, holocaust denying, and every other imaginable pseudoscience. But, almost alone among skeptics, he believed passionately in God, prayer, and eternal life. He called himself a "fideist" -- someone who embraces belief in God without having a rational foundation to do so. I can't quote him directly on this, since I am in Barcelona now and my library is in Boston, but he says something to the effect that he believes passionately in a God that is in and through everything because "the God that is outside of me calls to the God that is within me." This God, says Gardner, hears prayers and may even reward us with eternal life when we die.
In reading Gardner my students discover for the first time that the world is full of mystery of the deep philosophical kind. Free will, evil, and God are intertwined mysteries that Gardner doubts we can unravel. But this does not mean they are not real. Gardner was genuinely skeptical about paranormal claims that went against science but, paradoxically, he affirmed and celebrated a world that went beyond science. We can believe, says Gardner, when our will compels us to believe. We are not constrained by science to accept only whatever is on the right-hand side of the equal sign.
Gardner's essays in The Whys of a Philosophical Scrivener are a tour de force of mature, honest thinking expressed in golden and often witty prose. In fact, Gardner's wit is enough to justify reading him, and he loved to play tricks on his readers. Once, in collusion with the editor, Gardner wrote a hostile review of The Whys of a Philosophical Scrivener for the New York Review of Books!
In an age when science claims to be all-encompassing and skepticism seems corrosive to faith, Gardner was a breath of fresh air. He could "out-skeptic" the harshest of the New Atheists and yet his imagination was so much more robust that he could intuit a world beyond science. He will be missed.
Follow Karl Giberson, Ph.D on Twitter: www.twitter.com/gibersok
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Check out the loaded language in this piece in the Daily Mail about Volvo’s New and Improved collision warning and auto brake system, which has been enhanced to detect the hazard of swerving cyclists.
Volvo has announced a scanner that slams on a car’s brakes when it detects cyclists swerving or wobbling into the path of the vehicle.
According to the Mail, the reason cyclists would be in the lane with traffic is when we “suddenly swerve,” forcing the automated safety system in the car to “slam on the brakes” in response. Those infamous statements that the cyclist swerved directly into the path of a car are so common as a cause of mortal injury in traffic accident reports we even have a name for them: the Single Witness Suicide Swerve or SWSS because they so often are reported by the single surviving witness, the driver of the car or truck who hit the cyclist. (Here’s a graphic photo of the aftermath of a SWSS.)
It’s impressive technology to be sure and I welcome Volvo’s adoption of it in their cars. In spite of of the impression we’re given of the careful, alert driver in Volvo’s marketing video (below), the most common causes of accidents are high speed and driver inattention. Slow down and pay attention, especially if you’re driving next to a cyclist, and you can prevent even most suicide swerves without the use of technology.
You can see video from Volvo puts the blame on the cyclist – he rides carelessly with headphones and suddenly swerves in front of the driver. The oblivious cyclist is saved from death by the benevolent technology of the car.
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Khentamentiou is a god of the Egyptian Mythologie which knew a rather unobtrusive destiny. It would seem that he was adored with Abydos as a god-shepherd. Osiris, imported Busiris, which had already détrôné in this last city the god Andjti, came on its grounds to exceed it. Thus, before the second intermediate period, Osiris the god “embanked definitively” “to seize” his titles.
He had funerary roles and the first Pharaons placed themselves under its benevolences. He can also be represented in wolf. Khentamentiou means “that-which-chairs the Westerners”. It is with Anubis a guard of the necropoles.
|Random links:||History of the Jews in Algeria | Turn-lantern | Conspiracy of the powders | Heinrich Gätke | Sault co. Marie (federal district)|
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Unexpectedly vast quantities of carbon released from British soils since 1978 may be critically reducing their effectiveness as carbon sinks, claims a rigorous new survey. The phenomenon effectively cancels out the UK's recent successes in reducing greenhouse gas emissions, and the finding could have wider global implications.
It suggests that so-called terrestrial sinks across the planet are mopping up much less carbon than predicted, on balance, and so the planet may warm at an even faster rate than expected. Most climate models assume that forests and soils absorb about 25% of the greenhouse gases humans produce.
"The buffering effect of soils mopping up emissions is not as strong as we expected," says study author Guy Kirk of the UK's National Soil Resources Institute at Cranfield University. "The scary thing is that the amount of time that we have to do something about climate change is now smaller."
Soils are a vitally important sink for carbon dioxide - twice as much carbon is wrapped up in soils as in Earth's vegetation or atmosphere. It is estimated that they store 300 times the amount of carbon dioxide now released annually by burning fossil fuels.
Kyoto cancelled out
Kirk and colleagues surveyed soil at 6000 sites, spaced 5 kilometres apart, across England and Wales between 1978 and 2003.
They found that average carbon content of the soils had dropped at an average rate of 0.6% per year, or around 4 million tonnes annually. Extrapolating the results across the UK suggests that 13 million tonnes of carbon could have been lost per year. "These are really big numbers," says Kirk.
The calculated carbon lost by UK soil each year since 1978 is equivalent to 8% of the UK's carbon dioxide emissions from fossil fuels in 1990. And it is more than the entire reduction in emissions the UK has achieved between 1990 and 2002 as part of its commitment to the Kyoto Protocol - 12.7 million tonnes annually.
The overall carbon loss was consistent across environments as varied as grasslands, bogs, arable fields and woodland, suggesting the change is largely due to warming and not changes in land use. The average temperature across England and Wales has increased by 0.5°C over the survey period.
Up to one-tenth of the missing carbon may have leached into ground water, but Kirk says the majority is likely to have been lost as carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. This is likely to be due to plant matter and organic material decomposing at a faster rate as temperatures rise.
More worryingly, soil sinks are predicted to release their carbon at an even faster rate as temperatures increase, giving rise to a feedback loop.
Models had predicted that the rate of carbon released from terrestrial sinks would eventually outpace the rate of absorption of carbon dioxide, says Kirk, but it was thought this would not happen for another 10 to 50 years. "We've shown that it's happening rather faster than that."
"These losses completely offset the past technological achievements in reducing CO2 emissions, putting the UK's success in reducing greenhouse gas emissions in a different light," write E Detlef Schulze and Annette Freibauer of the Max-Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry in Jena, Germany, in a commentary accompanying the study, in Nature.
"The scientific and political implications of the new findings are considerable," they add, and are "the first hint that regional climate variation may be contributing to a surprisingly large release of CO2 from soils to the atmosphere."
Much smaller surveys have hinted that carbon may be being lost from soil - in China and Finland, for example - but this had previously been attributed to changes in land use.
In August 2005 another study warned that this summer's European drought could unleash large amounts of CO2 from warm soils into the atmosphere.
Kirk also presented his group's findings on Wednesday at the BA Festival of Science in Dublin, Ireland.
Journal reference: Nature (DOI:10.1038/nature04038)
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Carbon Content In The Earth-soil
Tue Oct 16 07:16:56 BST 2007 by S C Mehta
Much of the carbon -content depletion can be controlled and then reversed after a period of time, if calcium hydroxide ('lime water') is used by big and small industries, as an anti-pollution measure for absorbing their CO2 emissions; the resultant calcium carbonate is then put back into the soil to replenish the depletion ( it is mainly because of this that I consider calcium hydroxide as a better choice to the one of sodium hydroxide presently under consideration.)
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Steamboat Springs Lyndi McDermott and Toni Hall Telford arrived at the Child Development Center in Steamboat Springs on Monday afternoon with a box of blue surgical gloves, paper masks and toothbrushes. And when they walked into a classroom to inspect a small group of preschoolers’ mouths for cavities, the visiting oral hygienist and dental assistant were not met with the resistance they sometimes expect from children.
“The dragon definitely helps,” Telford said as she looked at the stuffed animal she carried into the room, which instead of fangs had a full set of plastic human teeth.
Telford, a dental assistant who is coordinating Routt County’s new Cavity-Free at Three program, and McDermott, an oral hygienist with the Northwest Colorado Dental Coalition, used a large yellow toothbrush and the dragon’s plastic pearly whites to demonstrate to the children how they should brush their own baby teeth twice each day. Then, they checked the mouths of about 20 children for signs of cavities. Telford and McDermott’s visit to the center was part of a larger initiative First Impressions of Routt County and the Northwest Colorado Dental Coalition launched in October to prevent and treat cavities in children up to 5 years old.
Telford said she visits preschools and day care centers in Routt County once every week for free screenings that are made possible by a $120,000 grant First Impressions received this year from the Colorado Trust, which funds child care initiatives across the state.
“This is a very unique funding opportunity,” said Stephanie Martin, program supervisor for First Impressions of Routt County’s Early Childhood Council. “Not only are we screening children for cavities, we are educating health care professionals in our community on why it’s important to do these oral health screenings at a young age.”
Martin said the grant and the oral screenings are a response to higher cavity rates seen in children in the Yampa Valley compared to cavity rates in children statewide.
“Our goal is to screen all children ages birth to 5 over the three-year grant period,” Martin said, adding that First Impressions is starting to this year focus its efforts on children enrolled in early learning environments.
A 2007 parent survey included in a 2009 First Impressions assessment of local child care needs showed Routt County had a higher percentage of third-graders with cavities than the state’s overall percentage. Untreated tooth decay in Routt County was estimated to be 32 percent that year, compared to 25 percent across the state.
Of the approximately 40 sets of teeth that were screened Monday in Steamboat, Telford said about seven of them will be recommended to see a dentist, mostly for signs of tooth decay.
“Most children start going to the dentist when they are 3 years old, but most decay in teeth starts earlier than that, and we want to catch it earlier,” she said.
Telford said parents are notified of the results of the screenings that the dental assistant said also teach families about the importance of a child’s oral health even before their permanent teeth start to appear.
“There are a lot of children we see whose parents are unaware they should be seen by a dentist,” Telford said. “Oral diseases are 100 percent preventable and sometimes parents don’t understand what a risk they are.”
Martin said the partnership with the Dental Coalition is a welcome expansion of the services Routt County’s child care providers can offer to parents free of charge.
“We’re providing more than just day care services, and they are impacting the development of the whole child,” she said. “If there is a 2-year-old with tooth decay and mom and dad are working and cannot schedule a dentist or a screening, this is a service we can provide.”
And after the students at the Child Development Center returned to their playtime, Telford said she hopes the free screening program, which is funded through 2013, continues to grow.
“We’re just getting started,” she said.
— To reach Scott Franz, call 970-871-4210 or email ScottFranz@SteamboatToday.com
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When Students Listen: Atlantic Multi-decadal Oscillation
When Students Listen: Atlantic Multi-decadal Oscillation -
This week a student who took my class a couple of years ago and also helped me with my class this past term, Kevin Reed, wrote me a message that he remembered my commenting in class that the Atlantic Multi-decadal Oscillation might not be real. He made reference to a paper in Nature entitled Aerosols implicated as a prime driver of twentieth-century North Atlantic climate variability. A good thing about students is that they get to read all sorts of interesting things, send them back to me, and help me appear smarter than I am.
The term “Atlantic Multi-decadal Oscillation” (aka AMO) has been used to define the variation of sea surface temperature in the North Atlantic Ocean. What did I mean in class when I said “it might not be real?” There is no doubt that the temperature of the Atlantic Ocean varies, and as we take and accumulate measurements we identify extended times when the ocean is warmer or cooler than average. When these data are plotted, we see these warmer and cooler time spans persist for a few tens of years; hence, a multi-decadal oscillation. The plot below is taken from a good article in Wikipedia, and the plot was made from data that is available at the Earth Systems Research Laboratory.
Figure 1: An area index that measures how much warmer or cooler the North Atlantic Ocean is from a long-term average (from Wikipedia). (The indices for the Atlantic Multi-decadal Oscillation are not especially well documented in the web resources that even a reasonably informed practitioner can find. The indices tend to be averages of the Atlantic surface temperatures from somewhere in the deep tropics to Greenland. They are then subtracted from long-term means. The 20th century mean is used in some papers. This example demonstrates some of foibles of data, data documentation, and data presentation on the web.)
The Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory has a nice set of Frequently Asked Questions about the Atlantic Multi-decadal Oscillation.
I want to revisit this figure that I use as a template to think about the natural science of the Earth’s climate.
Figure 2: A summary figure I use to organize the basics of climate science and global warming.
A focus on the Atlantic Multi-decadal Oscillation is most naturally categorized in Figure 2 as “internal variability.” When we talk about global warming in the past 100 years and the next 100 years, internal variability usually refers to states of the atmosphere and ocean that are persistent for some amount of time – weeks, months, years, decades. For example, in El Nino the temperature of the ocean in tropical eastern Pacific is warm and stays warm for a few months or more. Then in La NIna the eastern Pacific is cool and stays cool for a few months or more. There is an easy feeling of the Earth oscillating back and forth between the warm and cool times in the eastern Pacific Ocean. For El Nino and La Nina, there are many related changes in atmospheric circulation (the trade winds change) and precipitation (tropical convention moves east and west). All of these related changes fit together, and they describe the atmospheric and ocean behaving as a coherent system. This coherent behavior allows us to understand cause and effect; it allows the possibility for prediction.
On a scale of a million years, the cycles between the ice ages and temperate times might be internal variability. This would be related to, for example, carbon dioxide coming into and out of the ocean due to changes in temperature and biology. So far, I have been diligent not to call internal variability “natural variability.” El Nino and La Nina are “natural,” but that does not mean that their behavior will remain the same as the climate warms. To call internal variability “natural” suggests this idea of a “natural” and a “manmade” climate that are two different things, and this idea is clearly not the case. We have our climate, there is internal variability, there is manmade warming, and they all occur together, and they will change together.
The Atlantic Multi-decadal Oscillation is internal variability. When I stand in front of class and say the Atlantic Multi-decadal Oscillation might not be real, I mean several things. At the foundation of my statement is that we don’t have this story of coherent behavior like we have in El Nino and La Nina; we don’t have a construction of the atmosphere and ocean behaving as a connected, dynamic system. In fact, I would argue that the issues I raise in the caption of Figure 1, for example mushy definitions of indices, indicate the challenges of the Atlantic Multi-decadal Oscillation. We know there is a signal, but it is even hard to describe that signal very well. When we link back to cause and effect, one of the leading ideas is that it is related to subtle changes of global scale ocean circulation, which we neither model nor observe very well. So I don’t say that the signal of the temperature change is unreal, but I suggest that the Atlantic Multi-decadal Oscillation is not a coherent sloshing back and forth between warm and cold.
One reason we are interested in the Atlantic Multi-decadal Oscillation is that we know that there are strong relationships between the temperature of the ocean in the tropical North Atlantic and drought and flood in North America and Africa. We know that warm Atlantic sea surface temperature is very highly linked to hurricanes in the United States. One of the scientists most quoted as a skeptic of the science of global warming, Bill Gray, bases much of his climate change argument on the role of Atlantic Multi-decadal Oscillation as a proxy for global climate. (For those who are interested, go back to Forms of Argument, and look at the focus on isolated information and reliance in this case on the reality of a process that is both hard to model and observe. How does this stand up in the face of all that we can observe?)
Back to the paper in Nature referenced in the first pargraph, Aerosols implicated as a prime driver of twentieth-century North Atlantic climate variability. This paper is a set of model simulations of the past century and a half. The simulations are associated with the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5). CMIP5 represents a coordinated set of simulations run by scientists around the world with the most recent production-ready climate models. I expect a set of interesting new results to be reported from these simulations especially with regard to the role of aerosols and land use in the climate. Aerosols, particulates in the atmosphere, have strong regional climate impacts, and are closely related to air quality – two of the other items listed in my Figure 2 template.
The point of Aerosols implicated as a prime driver of twentieth-century North Atlantic climate variability by Ben Booth and coauthors is that temperature changes associated with different amounts of aerosols at different times can explain the majority of the variability observed in the temperature of the North Atlantic Ocean. Natural sources of aerosols include volcanoes, which cool the Earth’s surface. Other natural sources are salt and soil dust. Manmade aerosols include pollutants, soot, and soil dust. (old Rood blogs - Volcanoes and Long Cycles, and Black Carbon) What aerosols do is to change the absorption and reflection of solar radiation; the absorption and reflection of clouds; and how efficiently heat is held near the Earth’s surface. In the simulations by Booth and others, the predominant impact of aerosols is related to effects on solar radiation – both directly by reflection (volcanoes) and indirectly by changes to clouds. Earlier studies have investigated the effect of volcanoes, and this study brings to the forefront the importance of other sources of aerosols, many of them manmade, in modulating global climate with strong regional influences.
The numerical experiments in Booth et al. (2012) are well designed. But they are complex, and, well, numerical experiments. I hold such numerical experimentation as an important part of scientific methodology of the 21st century. They help us think in a field where our ability to execute controlled experiments is limited. To me, these experiments suggest a strong, well-based explanation of the variability of North Atlantic temperatures. However, scientific method requires more scrutiny, more use of observations, and independent verification of the results. But as it stands right now, we have at hand a plausible explanation of cause and effect that explains the majority of the observed variability.
To finish another long article – The work of Booth et al. (2012) extends back to 1860. The Atlantic Multi-decadal Oscillation extends back, well seemingly, at least 8000 years. In Nature Communications there is an article Tracking the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation through the last 8,000 years by Mads Faurschou Knudsen and others (2011). This paper concludes that for most of the time since the last ice age ended, there has been a 50 – 70 year oscillation, which they attribute to atmospheric-oceanic coupled behavior modulated by variations in the orbit of the Earth. As I understand this paper, the authors tested whether or not variations in the Sun could explain their observed variability. Since solar variability did not explain their observations, they accepted the hypothesis that atmospheric-oceanic coupled behavior provided the explanation. They did not investigate the impact of aerosols.
As it stands in my mind today, the variability in the North Atlantic temperature behavior is strongly influenced by aerosols in the atmosphere and a trend due to increasing carbon dioxide. If there is oscillatory behavior in the temperature, it is due to increases and decreases in atmospheric aerosols, perhaps on top of a smaller atmospheric-oceanic dynamic variation that still requires explanation. A good step forward, I think.
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Photo courtesy of Lori Watson
What follows is an excerpt of food preservation information from "Little House in the Big Woods" by Laura Ingalls Wilder.
I do not claim any rights to this information, I just compiled this as a courtesy for people who may be interested in how the Ingalls family prepared for winter and what they ate in the Big Woods.
Venison Jerky - salted, smoked with green hickory chips, wrapped in paper and stored in the attic
Salted fish - salted and placed in barrels in the pantry
Potatoes - root cellar
Carrots - root cellar
Beets - root cellar
Turnips - root cellar
Cabbages - root cellar
Onions - braided and hung in the attic
Red Peppers - dried, made into wreaths and hung in the attic
Pumpkins, Winter squashes - piled in the attic
Hard Yellow Cheeses - made from calf stomach rennet, placed in buttered muslin sewn shut and stored in the pantry
Herbs - dried and hung in bunches in the attic (culinary and medicinal)
Maple Syrup (if any left from prior year)
Maple Sugar cakes (if any left from prior year)
Sugar (light brown for company)
Pickles - sour
Pig Butchering Day:
Hams and shoulders - brined then smoked, wrapped in paper and hung in the attic
Other meat cuts - salted, smoked, wrapped in paper and stored in the attic
Cracklings from lard making - stored in jar or barrel in the pantry, used in making Johnny Cakes
Sausage - finely minced meat and fat mixed with salt, pepper and garden fresh sage then formed into balls and stored in the shed (to freeze)
Lard - jars stored in the shed
Salt pork - stored in a keg in the shed
Butter - grate 1 fresh carrot and soak in milk for a few hours before making butter so winter butter is not pale
Salt rising bread - this recipe has shortening, but I assume you can use butter instead
Rye 'n' Injun bread
Baked beans with salt pork and molasses - disregard the mustard if you want to be really authentic
Dried apple pies
Molasses & sugar snow candy
Red & White striped peppermint sticks
Cold venison sandwiches and milk
Dried berry pies
Cold boiled pork
Bread and butter
Stewed pumpkin with bread - pumpkin slow cooked all day with spices until reduced and very thick
Hubbard squash - baked in hunks for dinner
Hulled corn and milk
Hulled corn and milk with maple syrup
Hulled corn fried in pork drippings
Boiled potatoes, cabbage and meat
Pitchers of milk
What I find interesting is how the Ingalls family doesn't eat much meat through the summer months because Pa doesn't believe in killing animals that may have babies.
They eat ultra seasonally (obviously) and naturally limit themselves to what is available or what they can afford if Pa went to town.
I've read this book 3 times since last fall and my main takeaways are the simplicity and seasonality of their diet.
I think as Americans who are used to having whatever we want whenever we want this type of thinking may be a tad extreme, but it's good information to ponder as we go through the fruitful months of summer.
What do we really need in order to survive?
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THUNDER BAY -- The province is moving forward with a project that aims to restore fish populations in Lake Superior's Black Bay.
The proposed removal of a dam on the Black Sturgeon River is intended to help fish species return to their spawning grounds.
A public consultation and information session was held on Thursday night at the Oliver Road Community Centre. Local anglers and members of the community came out to find out more and provide input.
The old dam, which was constructed in the 1960s now serves no purpose, except to control the invasive sea lamprey population.
The province is proposing to remove the dam and construct a new one 50 kilometres up the river, returning many fish species back their natural habitat.
Historically, Black Bay was the most productive walleye fishery in Lake Superior and the MNR says it's taking every precaution in the upcoming project.
The $5 million project is expected to take four to five years to complete after the environmental assessment is finished sometime in July of next year.
Another public meeting will be held in Nipigon on Thursday.
(Thunder Bay Television)
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Activists are using the tools and methods developed by PLOTS to find out more about the sources of pollution that is constantly accumulating in Gowanus Canal in Brooklyn. One of the key tools is balloon mapping, which is used during different seasons of the year to shoot high resolution aerial images of the area. There is also a tool for shooting infrared imagery. By comparing various images, activists have been able to identify a large number of pipelines which are not monitored by any authorities, in fact no one seems to knows what they are and what is coming out from them. Liz Barry spoke of ‘environmental headhunting’ – that these images could be used as legal evidence against corporations and other polluters.
Liz also wanted to emphasise that there is a difference between crowd-sourcing projects that have been initiated by companies and public authorities, and citizen science projects in which the agenda is set by people themselves. The tools created by PLOTS can be used for all kinds of purposes, even to purposes that the creators of these tools would not want to support. This was discussed often during Mobilityshifts conference – how citizen efforts can be re-appropriated to work against them.
The Treekit project has created tools for mapping the exact locations and gathering other useful information about trees that grow in cities. In New York these tools have been used by local people and the resulting dataset is much more comprehensive and accurate than what the park authorities themselves had before. The point of this activity is not just to gather information – the main point is that trees in urban context need nurturing, that someone has to take care of them. In certain areas of NYC there is a lot of pollution in the air and the trees are struggling. Giving them water on a regular basis already helps, some people have started doing this by using big buckets. Healthier trees means healthier air for people to breath.
Treekit is also connected to the ongoing milliontreesNYC project, with currently 499 517 donated, planted or adopted trees.
An interesting discussion followed, related to the transformation that happens when people start using these tools. One could say that these tools allow ‘non-experts’ or ‘common people’ to become ‘experts’, ‘researchers’ or ‘designers’, but the whole idea of a ‘non-expert’ does not seem to make much sense. Phil Silva (Treekit) emphasised the importance of being allowed to make mistakes, that people can start doing things before they have learned all the details.
To me it seems that instead of learning specific knowledge and expertise, the important thing that these projects can give people is a sense of confidence, a sense of authority, a belief that they can change their everyday surroundings. I guess this is what expertise in practice often is – confidence and authority.
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On another day, we’re going to do a bit of incorporating the fall foliage more directly into your A12 book.
But in a bit here, the lovely Miss Stormy offered to share with you how she makes her own stamps for her own journals, so we thought that might be a fun thing to incorporate into a page, too.
These are hand-carved leaf stamps from regular ol’ PZ-Kut that I use for letterbox stamps.
They’re not at all hard to make, but they do take a little practice not to feel like you’re all thumbs. The PZ-Kut is the best stuff I’ve ever found, by the way. Sharper than the pink stuff you can find at craft stores, but soft enough that it’s not like trying to carve into lineoleum, and not grainy at all, like some can be. (If you try a bunch of different kinds, you’ll find one that works best for you. I like the softer, non-rubbery materials, but you can get much finer detail with the harder kinds, if they’re smooth. It’s a trade-off.)
For today’s page, I didn’t really want words. So I stamped with the hand-carved stamps with a water-soluble ink, then filled in most of the spaces with thin layers of gesso that mixed with the inks to make russet-tans and greys from the ink. It was nice not to have to think about words for a change.
If you don’t want to “waste” good carving material on your attempts, or you’re on a budget, stay tuned for Stormy’s post today, all about DIYing your own stamps and ink from things you wouldn’t expect.
(And if you’ve got something you want to share with the Autumn 12 folks — drop me a comment or a note. I’d love to have your brilliant post here. The more the
Quick note on the background, too:
Someone (me!) got a bunch of new spray inks this past week. I’ve been using the heck out of the Ranger/Tim Holtz ones, and I finally got a chance to try the Dyelusions ones (the brownish red here) and some Glimmer Mist (the yellow and pinky color on this page). They’re definitely different than the Ranger inks I’m used to, but still fun. (For the record: the Dyelusions inks are very high-strike, meaning that when you spray them, that’s where they stay. It’s a little less so if you spray them into a wet page, but still MUCH more than the Ranger. And Glimmer Mist is sparkly and water-soluble. Not as sparkly as I thought they’d be, but still sparkly, which you can’t see all that well in photos.)
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FAIRBANKS (AP) The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers wants help from the public in its hunt for one of the world's deadliest manmade toxins.
The toxin could be in Alaska soil once part of a Haines-to-Fairbanks military oil pipeline. The search was spurred by an official state request after Army correspondence surfaced in late 2002 confirming that in the 1960s a herbicide known as Agent Orange was sprayed on the 626-mile-long pipeline's right of way to clear vegetation.
The corps needs public input to determine from which areas to take soil samples in their search for the toxin, said Richard Jackson, a corps project manager.
''We want to get samples before the snow flies,'' Jackson said at a Tok public meeting Thursday. ''We need to hear from people familiar with the area or a stakeholder.''
The corps plans to take 20 samples from the right of way and five samples for background readings, possibly in September, he said. Test results would be available by January 2004.
The Army used three types of herbicides on land surrounding the eight-inch pipeline that was built in 1953 to supply petroleum products for Interior military bases. It operated until 1971.
One herbicide, called Esteron, was the same herbicide that was used during the Vietnam War to clear jungle foliage. It was called Agent Orange because of an orange stripe on the barrels that contained the product.
Agent Orange has since been linked to a multitude of health problems, including cancer and Type II diabetes, among Vietnam veterans as well as birth defects in their children.
The reason can be blamed on a dioxin found in Agent Orange that was accidentally formed in a manufacturing glitch of some batches of the herbicide. That dioxin, known as 2,3,7,8, TCDD, is what the corps is searching for in the soils of the pipeline's right of way.
This particular dioxin is extremely toxic, said Greg Light, a military environmental specialist with the Department of Environmental Conservation. That's why the DEC formally asked the corps to investigate, he said.
''My gut feeling is that the residue is low,'' Light said, adding that spraying happened more than 30 years ago. ''If there was harm from this spraying, it was probably already done. We just got to find out whether or not it's there.''
About half of the 626-mile pipeline ran near the Richardson Highway and along the Alaska Highway. The other half went into British Columbia and the Yukon. Approximately 44 miles is in Haines.
Much of the former Alaska right of way is on state land, while other sections are tribally or privately owned.
There is conflicting science about how long the dioxin remains in soil, said David Westerman, a corps environmental engineer.
''I've heard three and half years to seven years,'' Westerman said. But it is hard to say for sure, especially when referring to arctic conditions, he said.
Because the dioxin is so dangerous to human health, the corps has set a detection limit of 3.9 parts per trillion. That would be similar to a solution made up of 4 million gallons of water or enough to fill a large tank and nearly four drops of the dioxin.
If the dioxin is found at that level, it would trigger further investigation, including more sampling which could lead to a cleanup plan, Westerman said.
A former manager at a pipeline pump station in Tok recalled that nothing grew in the right of way for about 10 years after the pipeline was shut down and spraying was discontinued.
''Oh, it killed everything,'' said John Burnham of Tok. ''We didn't think much of it. It has grown back.''
Indeed, most of the old pipeline's route has grown back with moss, low-lying plants, birch and alder trees. Much of the route is still used for recreation and hunting year around.
Residents around the pipeline are concerned.
''I think it would be good for someone to tell us whether it was safe or not,'' said Alice Breen, a part-time Tanacross resident.
Her husband worked at the Tok pump station and survived stomach cancer twice, she said.
Anyone wishing to comment should contact Richard Jackson, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, at (907) 753-5606 or Greg Light, Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation, at (907) 451-2117.
Peninsula Clarion ©2013. All Rights Reserved.
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Posted: May 20, 2011 6:01 PM by Melissa Hawkes
Updated: May 20, 2011 6:02 PM
Representatives in the house give thumbs down to an anti-bullying bill.
The current anti-bullying law prohibits"harassment, intimidation and bullying" in schools. The new additions would go more into detail about "who" is commonly bullied.
Forum of Equality Field Director, Collin Miller, said "there are a number of characteristics of children who are at a higher risk for bullying."
State Representative, Rickey Hardy, said laying out characteristics "put some teeth in the bill, because some school districts have their own rules, so this is more broad."
House Bill 112 would have made it illegal to bully students about things like religion, gender and the most controversial characteristic--sexual orientation.
Hardy said, "students are trying to go to school to get a quality education and it doesn't matter if you are bi-sexual or homosexual. You are there for an education and you shouldn't have to deal with harassment."
He said every representative in the Acadiana delegation voted for the bill, but it failed in the house-falling ten votes short.
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Bionovo Announces Publication Describing Menerba's Effect on Neural Pathways Related to Temperature Regulation
Results are Published In PLoS One
EMERYVILLE, Calif., Aug. 2 /PRNewswire-FirstCall/ -- Bionovo,
Inc. (NASDAQ:BNVI) today announced results from
studies in neurons of its drug candidate Menerba for the treatment
of menopausal hot flashes. The study, published in the Public
Library of Science (PLoS) One, describes a novel model for
thermoregulatory control with neurons that are differentiated from
stem cells, and express native estrogen receptors. Menerba, an
estrogen receptor beta selective modulator, was shown to regulate
calcium influx, which is related to temperature regulation.
"Menopausal hot flashes occur in approximately 80% of menopausal
women. While estrogens are very effective in the treatment of
menopausal hot flashes, they have been associated with many serious
health risks, such as breast and uterine cancer. Recognizing this,
we have been trying to develop safer ways of treating hot flashes
and other menopausal symptoms. But to do that, we need to have
reliable models for thermoregulatory control - something that we
have not had previously. Our study showed that neurons derived from
embryonic stem cells are a valuable screening model to identify new
treatments for hot flash management because they reliably show a
drug candidate's ability to act directly at the neural level. We
also found that Menerba, an estrogen receptor beta selective drug
candidate being developed by Bionovo, does indeed regulate the
activity of the neurons, identifying this receptor subtype as an
important target for new drugs for treating hot flashes," said Dr.
Dale Leitman, from the Department of Nutritional Science and
Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, who is the
Principal Investigator of the study.
"This is a novel and valuable model for investigating
thermoregulation," said Isaac Cohen, Bionovo's Chairman and Chief
Executive Officer. "In a Phase 2 clinical trial, Menerba, our
selective estrogen receptor beta modulator, showed that it was
effective in the treatment of hot flashes, but unlike estrogen, it
did not adversely affect the uterus. This study provides an
explanation on how Menerba is able to control hot flashes. With the
clinical data already developed, and the data from Dr. Leitman's
research, we are much more confident in Menerba as it enters
pivotal Phase 3 trials."
The publication is entitled "Estrogen Receptor B-Selective
Agonists Stimulate Calcium Oscillations in Human and Mouse
Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Neurons" and can be found on the PLoS
One website and at http://www.bionovo.com/investors/publications.
Menerba is an oral, botanically-derived drug candidate designed
for the safe, effective treatment of vasomotor symptoms (hot
flashes) associated with menopause. Menerba is an estrogen receptor
beta (ER-B) selective drug, developed as a safer alternative to the
products currently on the market, which have been shown to increase
the risk for breast and uterine cancers. Clinical tests conducted
thus far, following the specific guidance of the FDA, have
indicated that Menerba is effective and safe.
About Bionovo, Inc.
Bionovo is a pharmaceutical company focused on the discovery and
development of safe and effective treatments for women's health and
cancer, markets with significant unmet needs and billions in
potential annual revenue. The company applies its expertise in the
biology of menopause and cancer to design new drugs derived from
botanical sources which have novel mechanisms of action. Based on
the results of early and mid-stage clinical trials, Bionovo
believes they have discovered new classes of drug candidates within
their rich pipeline with the potential to be leaders in their
markets. Bionovo is headquartered in Emeryville, California and is
traded on the NASDAQ Capital Market under the symbol, "BNVI". For
more information about Bionovo and its programs, visit http://www.bionovo.com/.
Forward Looking Statements
This release contains certain forward-looking statements
relating to the business of Bionovo, Inc. that can be identified by
the use of forward-looking terminology such as "believes,"
"expects," or similar expressions. Such forward-looking statements
involve known and unknown risks and uncertainties, including
uncertainties relating to product development, efficacy and safety,
regulatory actions or delays, the ability to obtain or maintain
patent or other proprietary intellectual property protection,
market acceptance, physician acceptance, third party reimbursement,
future capital requirements, competition in general and other
factors that may cause actual results to be materially different
from those described herein as anticipated, believed, estimated or
expected. Certain of these risks and uncertainties are or will be
described in greater detail in our filings with the Securities and
Exchange Commission, which are available at http://www.sec.gov/. Bionovo, Inc. is under no
obligation (and expressly disclaims any such obligation) to update
or alter its forward-looking statements whether as a result of new
information, future events or otherwise.
Source: Bionovo, Inc.
CONTACT: CONTACT: Investors, Joe Diaz, Robert Blum or Joe
Lytham Partners, LLC, +1-602-889-9700, email@example.com, For Bionovo,
Inc.; or Media, Tom Chesterman of Bionovo, Inc., +1-510-420-4189,
Web Site: http://www.bionovo.com/
Posted: August 2010
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WEST PALM BEACH (CBSMiami) — There is good news and not-so-good-news concerning Lake Okeechobee.
October 2011, ranked the fourth-wettest October in 80 years of record-keeping in South Florida, helped improve the lake’s water level.
The South Florida Water Management District said three major storm events in October helped bring the lake from a level of about 11.1 feet a month ago to about 13.7 feet. That’s still below the historical average of about 15 feet, but a drastic improvement for a major South Florida water source.
All areas from Orlando to the Florida Keys received above-average rainfall, with key regions such as the Kissimmee basins and Water Conservation Areas receiving a much-needed boost.
Unlike last year, the lake is rising instead of falling. October 2010 was the driest October on record and now that South Florida is heading into the dry season, long-term forecasts are once again calling for below-average rainfall.
The District is working to store as much water as possible in anticipation of future water shortage conditions in the spring.
That means water shortage restrictions remain in effect which limit landscape irrigation to two days per week throughout most of South Florida. Mandatory reductions for agricultural and other large water uses also remain in effect.
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Get involved: Send your news, views, pictures and video by texting SUPIC to 80360 or email us.
Brighton author shares her diet tips
An author was so impressed by the success of her “part-time” diet she has written a book about it.
Novelist Kate Harrison has already lost 17lb since starting the 5:2 diet six months ago.
The diet uses a method where people eat whatever they like five days a week and then fast for two.
On those two days people eat very small and low calorie meals instead.
The theory is that simply by eating less for one or two days a week you can trigger physical and mental changes that can lead to losing weight and helping your body and brain repair itself.
Ms Harrison, 44, from North Laine, Brighton, said: “I had been a yo-yo dieter for years and nothing really seemed to be working.
“At first I was not sure because I thought fasting would mean having no food at all and I like my food too much, but then I realised it was not quite like that.
“It is about educating your body and learning how to cope with restricting calories at times.
“It takes a few days to get used to it but after a while you get used to it and it really does start to work.
“Knowing that I can eat what I like on other days makes it easier to adapt.
“It is an alternative way to lose weight instead of methods like slimming clubs. Obviously they can do a great job and work for many people, but this is certainly something different to consider.”
Ms Harrison set up a Facebook page about the diet which quickly attracted attention but found very little useful information to support what she was doing.
She said: “I was looking for something that would offer advice and tips but there was nothing really suitable so I decided to write it myself.”
The 5:2 Diet Book is full of suggestions and success stories which Ms Harrison compiled following interviews with more than 40 men and women who have been trying it.
She said: “I’ve found that men in particular seem to like it. It is quite simple and straightforward and there are no rigid rules. It is really flexible.
“It is certainly working for me and I have not put any weight back on since starting it, even though I’ve been out more because of Christmas.”
The book, which is currently only available as an e-book, was launched at the end of November and is consistently at number one in the Diets and Weight Loss section on Amazon.
Ms Harrison is better known for her Secret Shopper series of novels, which have been shortlisted for the Melissa Nathan Comedy Romance Award.
See the latest news headlines from The Argus:
- Man killed in Hove street shooting named as Xhem Krasniqi
- Port alert launched as police hunt for gunman in fatal Hove triple shooting
- Update: Priest jailed for ten years after being convicted of abusing children
- Sun makes an appearance for Hove garden festival
- Crawley-based G4S investigated in security tag inquiry
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Visiting Rome for the first time, visitors must experience the Sistine Chapel (Cappella Sistina), the Vatican structure with ... More
Visiting Rome for the first time, visitors must experience the Sistine Chapel (Cappella Sistina), the Vatican structure with 50 million monthly visitors. The Chapel was built between 1477 and 1481 by Pope Sixtus IV. From 1480 to 1483 the walls were decorated by famous artists of the Renaissance such as Botticelli, Perugino, and Ghirlandaio. After 20 years, Julius II commissioned Michelangelo to decorate the ceiling in 1508. Today, after the restoration, tourists can visit the Chapel and see Michelangelo's "Last Judgement." The Vatican has placed its enormous art collection on the Web in hopes that it will attract more tourists. The site allows visitors to take a virtual reality tour of some of the dozen museums and galleries that make up the Vatican collection, viewing Michelangelo's Sistine Chapel with a three-dimensional video. The Chapel will be crowded with hundreds of tourists, so be prepared. The best way to see it is to go to the Vatican Museums early, so that you are among the first in line when they open.
We've all seen the pictures but it doesn't compare to seeing it with your own eyes. After a two hour stand in the rain our souls were cleansed and once inside it was the most fantastic visual overload! Worth the money/time? Of course, however recommend one does not go during Easter week and to wear very comfortable shoes. We plan to go again this fall - even if crowded.
We just got back from seeing London, Paris and Rome. Saw a lot of really amazing sights: Westminster, the British Museum, the Musee d'Orsay, St. Peters. Our guided tour through the Vatican Museum, which focused on the Sistine, was definitely the highlight, as far as tourist attractions went. The Sistine is much larger than we expected, covered with really remarkable art, including Michelangelo's amazing paintings of Genesis on the ceiling and the last judgment on the wall behind the altar.
A caveat: we took a guided tour, led by a tiny Italian woman who apparently knew everything there is to know about the Vatican, and our tour director got us up at 5:30 am so we could be in line by 7:00. We were the first tour group into the museum, and our guide hurried us through the museum a bit, so as to get to the Sistine quickly. As a result, we were the first group there, and the 14 of us pretty much had the place to ourselves for about 30 minutes, while the guide explained what we were seeing, with an emphasis on the history of the artworks and the content of the Last Judgment, which includes a self-portrait by Michelangelo and a depection of one of his critics as Minos, lord of the underworld. By the time we left the place was really crowded, and there were a lot of people wandering around unguided, trying to figure out what they were seeing from guidebooks. Had we tried to see it that way I don't think it would have meant nearly as much to us, though I still don't think we'd have described the place as boring.
To us, the Sistine is a must-see, even if, like us, you're not a red-hot art fan and student; the paintings, seen in their historical context, are just breathtaking. How and when you see it, though, may decide whether you give the experience 10 out of 10 or a 5 or 6.
Recently arrived at the chapel at 8am to find about five hundred people on line. Despite the fact that tour books state it opens at 8:45-it does not. We were,however,offered immediate entry-to skip the line for 80Euros!!! We could well have afforded it but on principle refused-how disgusting that the catholic church can be bought!!!!!
It was absolutely beautiful, but take some time to see the museums. For example, the Greek museum has two mummies which are cool. Standing there inside the chapel looking at the same ceiling that centuries of people have shared is an amazing experience. There are only two problems. First, the guards who are supposed to quite the crowds end up making more noise clapping their hands than the crowd actually makes...realy irritating. Also, we learned that the cost of the renovations to the ceiling the chapel were absorbed by Nikon when the church ran low on funds for the project. As a result, the ban on picture taking inside the chapel itself is not because of religious observance, but is due to the fact that Nikon now owns the rights to all photos inside the chapel. So, take lots of "no flash" shots as you move through the Vatican, but grab a book or some postcards of the chapel.
Even with the longest line I have ever been in, it was worth the wait! While you are in line you walk by some of the most beautiful art you have ever seen. Walking into the Sistine Chapel takes your breath away. It is a MUST SEE if you are ever in Rome.
The ceiling of the Sistine Chapel has recently been restored, and it's amazing to see so much of Michelangelo's work in one room. Of course, everyone else agrees and it's very crowded, so it's best to go early in the morning.
I have traveled around the world and seen art in musuems such as the Louvre, the Uffizi, and the National Gallery of art in Washington D.C. but nothing compares to the Sistine chapel ceiling. Michelangelo's heart and soul is in his artwork and as you walk along the tiled floor staring at the ceiling you get a sense of just how much he put into it.
Reorganization of Piazza del Campidoglio began in 1539 as part of a plan undertaken by Pope Paul III. It was
the first square created as part of a plan conceived by Michelangelo in which a space was created between ...
Melia Roma Aurelia Antica Hotel is located approximately four miles from the Vatican museums and Sistine Chapel and 17 miles
from Fiumicino (Leonardo da Vinci) Airport. This location is also four miles from Saint Peter's Basilica and Castel Sant ...
Tradition has it that throwing a coin over your left shoulder into the fountain guarantees a swift return to the
world's most beautiful city. Anita Ekberg's dip in it was immortalized in Federico Fellini's La Dolce Vita. Earlier Fontana ...
*Terms & Conditions: Savings calculation is based on Flight + Hotel vacation package bookings for a 3 month period for 2 adults with a 2+ night length of stay compared to price of the same components if booked separately during same period. Savings will vary based on origin/destination, length of trip, travel dates and selected travel supplier(s). Savings not available on all packages.
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Nobody thinks that utility-operating companies – whether in transport, such as railways, in energy, such as electricity, or telephone or water – are too big to fail. If they lose enough money and go bust, then, if another company cannot be found to take over the franchise, the government steps in to take over the operations. They keep the capital and (most of) the workers to continue running the utility. No one would think that it would make any sense to rip up the railway lines, electricity pylons, or water pipes, to sell them for scrap, and to push the skilled workers into unemployment. Nor is there any worry about utilities being too-big-to-fail.
Why is banking different?
The key reason is that its capital is fungible and can be quickly redeployed, unlike the water pipes, power stations, etc., of the utilities. The real danger with banking is the bankers’ ability to “gamble for resurrection”. With limited downsides from failure but enjoying the spoils from success, it is in the interest of both bankers and their shareholders to take on more risk than is socially desirable, especially when their stake in the business has already been eroded by losses. By the time that the bank has clearly become technically insolvent, it may well have run up far greater losses than any ordinary utility could aspire to emulate.
One answer, of course, is regulation. But regulation, whether by risk-weighted ratio control or by structural ring-fencing, has severe limitations; Anglo-Irish and Northern Rock were both, in effect, ring-fenced retail banks. If regulation is taken sufficiently far to ensure safety, creating narrow banks, it not only destroys the key utility function of such banks, i.e. credit allocation, but also leads to a major shift of business to non-regulated intermediaries, which can worsen both the fragility and the pro-cyclicality.
Prompt corrective action is needed
What needs to be done is bring intervention by the authorities forward in time: prompt corrective action, well before the bank’s managers can really drive it into the ground. A problem is that the available signals for doing so are quite faulty. The accounting value of equity capital is only available after a lag that can be far too long for comfort in fast-moving markets, and can be subject to all kinds of accounting tricks. On the other hand, the market value of equity can be subject to (temporary) manipulation, or to market over-reactions or flash crashes.
An answer to this is a requirement for both of these signals to be flashing red before intervention is contemplated, and having the accounting signal at a much higher value, say 5%, than the market signal, say 2.5%. If that is still thought too draconian, one could make such signals the trigger for a “comply-or-explain” exercise, whereby the authorities either comply by intervening, or explain in public why there is no need to do so.
But is this not a transgression of the rights of private property?
Maybe so, but is not all regulation (and taxation) also such a transgression? If banking is special, it is because it is a utility with special risks, and special risks justify special responses. Moreover, the shareholder could be protected in a variety of ways, notably by having a claim to the value of any (subsequent) sale of the business (beyond the appropriate cost to the government of the intervention, and residual to other senior creditors).
In general, no systemically important financial intermediary should ever be liquidated, for exactly the same reason that no other systemically important utility is liquidated and broken up. But bankers, and their shareholders, should be allowed to fail, just as other utility companies fail. The difference between banks and other utilities is that, because of the fungibility of their assets, banking “failure” and associated intervention by the authorities should come much earlier in the process, well before bank equity capital has been reduced to near-zero.
The best response to bank fragility remains prompt corrective action. It was tried in the US in 2008, but it failed – partly because it relied on a faulty trigger mechanism. The concept was right, but the mechanisms need repair.
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Friends of Don Cornelius say the legendary creator of the long-running television show Soul Train was dealing with significant “demons,’’ and while they are saddened by his death, they say they aren’t surprised he took his own life with a gunshot to the head.
“Don was always a smart man, but in recent years he’d made a lot of poor choices in business and in his relationships with women,’’ said one friend of 30 years. “He was swayed by a few people to invest in projects that didn’t pan out and the last marriage in many ways destroyed his mind, heart and his soul. He was never the same after that marriage.’’
Some close to the smooth-voiced television host described a man hurt and distraught by bad business decisions, poor health, and an ugly divorce that took hundreds of thousands of dollars from his children and other family members.
Long-time friends such as Clarence Avant, the former chairman of Motown Records, said that no matter the reasons for his death, the music industry owes Cornelius a great debt. “His legacy to music, especially black music, will be forever cemented in history,” he said. “He was one of my dearest friends and I will miss him deeply.’’
Los Angeles police said they arrived at Cornelius’ Mulholland Drive home around 4 a.m. on February 1 after receiving a call from one of his sons, who became worried after Cornelius called him. “He and his son had a conversation earlier and the son came over and found his father in that state,” said Officer Sara Faden, of the Los Angeles Police Department. “It looks like the two of them had spoken within the hour.”
Cornelius, who was found on the floor, was rushed to Cedars Sinai Hospital, where he was pronounced dead at 4:57 a.m. There was no suicide note. Police, who spent most of the day at the house talking to friends and family members, have ruled out foul play.
News of the music pioneer’s death prompted an outpouring from some of the pop world’s biggest stars. Aretha Franklin, who performed on Soul Train, released a statement calling Cornelius’ death “sad, stunning, and downright shocking … a huge and momentous loss to the African-American community and the world at large.” Smokey Robinson said Cornelius “brought exposure to black talent and a positive image to young black teenagers that had never been done before.”
Cornelius was born on Sept. 27, 1936, and grew up on Chicago’s South Side. He was a Chicago police officer in the mid-1960s, when he met radio personality Ed Cobb. Cobb liked his distinctive voice and Cornelius was soon hired as an announcer on WVON. In the early 70s, Cornelius became a household name after he launched Soul Train. The iconic dance show, which gave many African-Americans a forum to display their talents, became one of television’s longest-running syndicated programs. The suave Cornelius was known for the catchphrase that he used to end the show: “I’m Don Cornelius, and as always in parting, we wish you love, peace and soul.”
The show made Cornelius a television icon, and featured top black artists including Gladys Knight, Lou Rawls, and Barry White. In 1987, Cornelius started the Soul Train Music Awards, which showcased performers such as Michael Jackson, Whitney Houston, and Run DMC.
“He was sinking deeper and deeper into depression and there wasn’t much anyone could do.”
Director J. Kevin Swain said he met Cornelius in 1988, when Swain was a production coordinator on the Soul Train Music Awards. “Our roots are pretty deep,” he said. “He took me in and showed me the ropes. Don was very serious about his work, and if you didn’t pull your weight you would be out. He was a shrewd businessman.”
Cornelius gave up his hosting gig in 1993, and sold Soul Train to MadVision Entertainment in 2008.
But over the years he was plagued by a number of health issues. In 1982, he underwent a 21-hour operation to fix a congenital malformation in blood vessels in his brain. “You choose your brain surgeons for their stamina,” he later told the Washington Post. “You’re never quite the same afterward. Travel is always a real test.”
He also suffered a stroke in the last decade. His health was not the only thing to deteriorate. By the mid-2000s his personal life began to unravel. After a failed first marriage that produced two sons, Anthony and Raymond, Cornelius married a much younger Russian model named Viktoria Chapman in 2001. But, it wasn’t long before the relationship soured because they were from vastly different worlds, friends said.
Court records show that the couple separated in 2007. The following year, Cornelius was arrested for felony domestic violence following a fight at their home in the gated community of Sherman Oaks. Cornelius admitted in court records that he could not return to their house because he had a domestic violence restraining order against him. He said the order was placed on him because of a “physical confrontation that we had in December of 2008 which involved a series of four unwanted pepper spray attacks against me.”
“Although she instigated the confrontation by shouting insults and profanities very close to my face, and even though the incident itself involved mutual acts of aggression against Viktoria,” he said. “Her injuries were very apparent. My injuries were to my eyes and face and not apparent because of the darkness of my skin.”
In 2009, he pleaded no contest to one count of “corporal injury resulting in traumatic condition of a spouse,’’ and was put on probation for 36 months. His probation was scheduled to end at the end of this month.
In his declaration to end his five-year marriage, Cornelius seemed frustrated when he wrote: “I am 72-years-old. I have significant health issues. I want to finalize this divorce before I die.”
He complained to a judge that he was paying temporary spousal support that “far exceeds guideline levels.”
At the time of the divorce proceedings, Cornelius reported that his total assets included a number of properties in Chicago and Los Angeles, a painting by Jean-Michel Basquiat, two Rolls-Royce automobiles, and a 1992 Mercedes Benz SEL.
The divorce finally was settled in May of 2009. Cornelius was required to pay $10,000 a month in spousal support, and among other things buy his ex-wife a home not exceeding $1,095, 000, and pay college tuition fees for his adopted daughter, also named Viktoria.
“He didn’t want to give [his wife] a dime,’’ said a family member. “She caused him a lot of heartache and hadn’t been there for the majority of his success and hard work. But he had to and that burned through his skin. So many people told him not to marry her and he did. I think he was haunted by mistakes he could have avoided.’’
However, by 2010, things seemed to be picking up for the former host. He spoke to the Los Angeles Times about the release of a double-CD collection of Soul Train highlights, and announced he was developing a feature film inspired by the TV show for Warner Bros.
“It wouldn’t be the Soul Train dance show, it would be more of a biographical look at the project,” he said. “It’s going to be about some of the things that really happened on the show. I had a discussion with Eddie Murphy not long ago, and he liked the documentary so much that he suggested that he might want to do something in terms of the show’s relationship with James Brown — if not play him, then just do a kind of vignette.”
Last September, Cornelius was back in Chicago at a concert to honor the 40th anniversary of Soul Train. There, Cornelius was presented with an honorary street sign with his name and the Soul Train logo on it. “This is the biggest thing that ever happened to me,” he said.
That same night, Swain, who is now a Los Angeles-based director, screened his documentary, Soul Train: The Hippest Trip in America.
“I had never seen him more happy and full of joy,” said Swain. “I felt like his love and respect particularly after the documentary. That meant the world to me. He was my hero. My life wouldn’t be what is if it wasn’t for Don Cornelius.”
Los Angeles Sentinel editor Danny Bakewell said he had lunch at Spago with Cornelius and his son, Anthony, in late December, and never suspected his longtime friend was struggling.
“We were talking about family and friends,” he said. “His granddaughter is a big-time volleyball player. It wasn’t about how terrible everything is. I didn’t get the impression he had any major health problems or concerns. He moved slower and talked slower but he was happy and alert.”
But, according to a family member, Cornelius had several cancer scares in recent months.
“He wasn’t a well man, but he was a true man’s man,” said a friend. “He didn’t like being sick and not being able to do for himself. His health had taken a downturn the last few months and he wouldn’t tell me what it was. He didn’t want to complain about his woes.’’
In the end, family members say, losing money to his ex-wife in his last divorce was the straw that broke the camel’s back.
“He lost it over that situation and that marriage,’’ says a friend. “He’d been in poor health for years for several reasons but that marriage really took him down. It drained his energy and his way of thinking. He was sinking deeper and deeper into depression and there wasn’t much anyone could do. He wanted that marriage to work so badly and then it just fell apart and became very ugly along the way.’’
“He’d accomplished so much, and to have it fall apart like it did with so many negative stories about his actions in his marriage,” he added. “That stuff hurt him and he felt it hurt his reputation as a serious businessman who’d changed the music industry.”
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VHP Photo Glossary: Spatter Rampart
Lava fountains that erupt from an elongate fissure will build broad embankments of spatter, called spatter ramparts, along both sides of the fissure. The spatter commonly sticks together, or agglutinates, when it lands and is buried by later spatter. In contrast to these low linear fortifications, spatter cones are more circular and cone shaped--the only real distinction between the two structures is their shape.
Photo: In less than 24 hours, these low lava fountains built a spatter rampart along the sides of the eruptive fissure on Mauna Loa Volcano, Hawai`i. Note person for scale in lower left.
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While some older jars are more valuable and some people are serious collectors, any jars you have on hand will be a free way to wrangle your small stuff. (If you want to start collecting them, you can also get good deals through Etsy.) Here are a few ways to use jars that aren't in a special collection or a hot water bath:
Vase: Why buy a vase when you essentially already have one on hand? The fastest and cheapest way for canners/collectors to get those flowers in water is to pull out a Ball jar.
Candle holder: Canning jars are made to withstand high heat. Add a small candle to a jar, and you have a pretty, unassuming light source. By wrapping wire around the mouth of the jar and creating a handle, you can make lanterns. They're more decorative than organizational, but consider it "candle storage."
Utensil holder: In my kitchen, a wide mouth quart jar holds my most-used utensils. The opening is big enough to accommodate my spoons and spatulas, but not so big that things flop around or topple out. Utensils used less frequently are kept in a drawer.
Dry food storage: One of the open shelves in my parents' kitchen is lined with antique blue Ball jars with zinc caps, and they are filled with everything from rice to tea bags. Store your small dry goods this way, and you'll be able to find things more easily. Faith from The Kitchn uses canning jars for grain storage, and she points out that you want to avoid keeping them in bright light.
General food storage: Just because the jars are made for canning doesn't mean they can't be used for the rest of your food. Try using a smaller size jar for a yogurt parfait to take to work for breakfast. You can also use them to store leftovers or homemade salad dressing.
Piggy bank: Keeping your change in one place is an act of self-discipline. Try using half pint or pint jars to keep track of coins; separate out the quarters, and you will have a head start on laundry day.
Craft organizing: One night I went a little Martha crazy separating my button stash by color and then putting them in jars; at least now I can always find a green one. (You can go one step further and cover the lids with paper scraps.) The idea of course works for other things like spools of thread, markers, etc.
Know that one possible drawback to using canning jars is the top. Current American-style, two-part canning tops are not practical for longer-term food storage unless you have processed them in hot water. As-is, they are not truly airtight. Second, for food safety reasons the lid (flat part) is meant to be used only once, and it is annoying to use them for something like leftovers only to realize you don't have enough left for canning. From doing that, I have wound up with way more rings (which are reusable) than lids.
There are, of course, alternatives: try Ball's antique zinc lids or their newer reusable plastic lids (not meant for canning). For something like craft or coin storage, you can just glue the flat lid to the band. Lastly, you can try a different kind of jar altogether, such as the ones by Weck, or any empty glass jars (I like the shape of the ones for Maille mustard and Bonne Maman jams).
Images: 1. BitofButter 2. Chelle Paperie via Apartment Therapy 3. Leah Moss for Apartment Therapy 4. Faith Durand for The Kitchn 5. Tara Greenfield for The Kitchn 6. coffeeteabooksandrecipes 7. Shelteriffic 8. Martha Stewart 9. Krzy4Btns 10. Collectors Weekly
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Satellite Technology Feature Article
Green Propulsion Demo Passes Space Station Safety Review
By Doug Mohney, Contributing Editor
Innovative Space Propulsion Systems (ISPS) has cleared a NASA safety review panel to demonstrate its NOFBX green propulsion system on board the International Space Station (ISS) in mid-2013.
ISPS passed NASA's ISS Payload Safety phase 1 review in April. Funded by an award from NASA's ISS National Laboratory program, the company's NOFBX Green Propellant Demonstration will put a deep-throttling 440 N (100-lbf) engine assembly and associated feed system to the ISS. The system will be carried up to ISS in the unpressurized cargo compartment of SpaceX's (News - Alert) Dragon spacecraft on a CRS delivery mission. Once Dragon is berthed with the space station, a station robotic arm will pull out the NOFBX test package from Dragon and put it on the outside of the European Columbus module.
NOFBX will remain in orbit for one year and undergo a series of in-space performance tests, including steady-state, pulses, throttling and long-term storage and re-start demonstrations. The NOFBX technology is a made-in-the-USA, nitrous oxide-based monopropellent system with many different applications, including spacecraft, launch vehicles and landers.
Nitrous oxide -- the gas used for dentistry, whipped cream bottles and boosting race car engines -- is a benign, non toxic gas at room temperature and doesn't have the hazards of and handling expenses of more toxic storable propellants. Currently used hypergolic propellants require special handling and last minute fueling, adding to the cost of preparing satellites before launch.
Ansari XPRIZE winner, SpaceShipOne used a hybrid engine fueled by nitrous oxide and rubber, combining high performance and safety. Scaled Composite's suborbital SpaceShipTwo and Sierra Nevada's low earth orbit (LEO) Dream Chaser -- both manned spacecraft -- also use hybrid nitrous oxide rocket motors. SpaceShipTwo, anticipated to start powered flight tests this year, will take six passengers and two crew from a flying "drop start" from a carrier aircraft at 45,000 feet to soar over 100 kilometers into space for a short suborbital hop with about four minutes of microgravity at the top of its flight.
Sierra Nevada Space Systems has built and tested its hybrid rocket motor for Dream Chaser under a variety of conditions, including three successful test fires of a single motor in one day with one firing under vacuum ignition conditions. The motor would be the main propulsion system of Dream Chaser during orbital operations. Dream Chaser is one of four commercial manned spacecraft concepts currently funded by NASA under its Commercial Crew program.
Edited by Brooke Neuman
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By Anju Mary Paul
Sunday, May 14, 2006
Films coming out in the U.S. on the problem of widow abuse in India have generated their own sagas. The director of "Water" had her effigy burned in 2000 while "White Rainbow" opened in India last year amid floods and a cholera outbreak.
(WOMENSENEWS)--Two days into shooting "Water" in February 2000--a movie about the plight of Hindu widows in pre-independence India that opened in New York, Los Angeles and San Francisco two weeks ago--the set was overrun by protestors who declared the movie "anti-Hindu."
Over the following days, director-writer Deepa Mehta and her cast received death threats, Mehta's effigy was burned, and Hindu fundamentalists marched the streets of Varanasi in north India until the film was forced to shut down under accusations of a foreign conspiracy to tarnish the image of Hinduism and widowhood in Indian culture.
Three years later in California, an Indian American director, Dharan Mandrayar, heard about the continuing maltreatment of widows in present-day India. He decided to make a movie--"White Rainbow," which opened in San Jose on April 7--on the topic and set it in the Hindu holy city of Vrindavan in north India, often dubbed the City of Widows because of the large number of widows who live there.
But when Mandrayar shared his plans with other Indians he knew in the States, he was given an icy reception. "All I got was, 'Why are you doing this?' 'Why are you saying this about our country?'" Mandrayar told Women's eNews. "It was shocking."
These two widow-themed films are showing the world a subset of Indian culture that is often not talked about, and sometimes willfully ignored.
Mohini Giri, a leading Indian activist for widow's rights, says many Indians shrug off widow abuse. "It's been like this for centuries as the accepted way of life," she says. "The husband is called a god and the minute a woman loses her god, she becomes a zero."
In 2001, according to India's national census, there were more than 34 million widows in the country of more than 1 billion. Giri estimates that the number has risen recently as a result of increased deaths from natural disasters as the Asian tsunami as well as India's military conflict with Pakistan in Kashmir.
When a Hindu woman becomes a widow, she traditionally only wears white. In the past, her hair would be completely shorn and she could not wear jewelry or cosmetics. Many modern Hindu families do not adhere to these older customs, but still widows are often considered inauspicious and are not invited to weddings and other celebrations. Many widows embark on pilgrimages to places like Vrindavan and Varanasi on the banks of the river Ganges and often decide to stay there, living in ashrams and begging for alms daily.
In "White Rainbow," Mandrayar drew his four central characters--only one of whom is elderly--from real-life widows' stories. Each character represents a different kind of widow abuse that is still often experienced: social ostracism, abandonment by children, rape by in-laws, and financial and sexual exploitation by priests.
Over the last few years, advocacy efforts have reached some Indian widows. Giri, herself a widow, founded the New Delhi-based Guild of Service in 1972, a volunteer organization that helps widows claim their pensions, organizes classes to teach trades such as spinning and weaving so that widows can support themselves and provides free literacy programs and medical treatment.
In 1998, the guild set up Amar Bari, an ashram for 100 widows in Vrindavan as an alternative to the overcrowded, dilapidated buildings that most widows live in. In 2002, the government of India opened a series of similar shelters for widows and other destitute women around the country as part of its Swadhar initiative. But Giri says whatever progress has been achieved is "only a drop in the ocean."
By Uma Girish
By Aparna Pallavi
By Anju Mary Paul
By Aparna Pallavi
By WeNews Staff
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“It is not by chance or coincidence that we have the Bible today,” says Elder M. Russell Ballard of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles. He explains that the Bible exists because of the obedience of righteous individuals who followed promptings to record sacred experiences and teachings, as well as the faith and courage of others who later sacrificed much to “protect and preserve” the Bible. Credit is also due, he says, to men such as John Wycliffe, William Tyndale, and Johannes Gutenberg, who translated and published the Bible in languages that ordinary people could understand and read. “I believe even the scholars of King James had spiritual promptings in their translation work,” he says.
Knowing the Scriptures
Read messages about the scriptures that today’s prophets and apostles have given during general conference.
- “The Blessing of Scripture,” Elder D. Todd Christofferson
- “‘My Words . . . Never Cease,’” Elder Jeffrey R. Holland
- “Scriptural Witnesses,” Elder Russell M. Nelson
- “Holy Scriptures: The Power of God unto Our Salvation,” Elder Robert D. Hales
May 2, 2011, marks the 400th anniversary of the first publication of the King James Version of the Bible. Throughout the world, people of many religious and nonreligious backgrounds are already commemorating the publication of the Bible with symposia, celebrations, concerts, speaking competitions, and more. Members of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles suggest another way to mark the occasion: by developing a love for the Bible as we study the life and ministry of the Savior and the words of the ancient prophets and apostles.
“How grateful we should be for the Holy Bible,” Elder Ballard says. “I love the Bible, its teachings, its lessons, and its spirit. . . . I love the perspective and peace that come from reading the Bible.”
Elder Jeffrey R. Holland of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles agrees. “We love and revere the Bible,” he says. “It is always identified first in our canon, our ‘standard works.’” He reminds us that the Restoration came about because Joseph Smith studied the Bible and exerted faith in the promise made in James 1:5 that God will answer our prayers.
Recalling the events of history that paved the way for the Restoration, Elder Robert D. Hales of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles speaks with gratitude for all who made possible the translation and publishing of the Bible. Because of their work, the King James Version of the Bible was available for anyone to read—and because it was available to young Joseph Smith, the true Church was restored to the earth. “Is it any wonder that the King James Version is the approved English Bible of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints today?” Elder Hales asks.
“We must ever remember the countless martyrs who knew of [the Bible’s] power and who gave their lives that we may be able to find within its words the eternal happiness and the peace of our Heavenly Father’s kingdom,” Elder Ballard says.
President Boyd K. Packer, President of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles, shares a story about viewing a centuries-old family Bible and finding a quote on the title page that said, “The fairest Impression of the Bible is to have it well printed on the Reader’s heart.” He follows with this scripture (2 Cor. 3:2-3): “Ye are our epistle written in our hearts, known and read of all men: Forasmuch as ye are manifestly declared to be the epistle of Christ ministered by us, written not with ink, but with the Spirit of the living God; not in the tables of stone, but in fleshly tables of the heart.”
The best way for us to honor and remember those whose sacrifices not only allow us to read the Bible in our language, but also to enjoy the blessings of the Restoration of the gospel, is for us to know the Bible and its accompanying scriptural texts. By knowing and loving its teachings, we show our appreciation.
“Consider the magnitude of our blessing to have the Holy Bible and some 900 additional pages of scripture,” says Elder D. Todd Christofferson. “May we feast continuously on the words of Christ that will tell us all things we should do.”
The Bible and the Book of Mormon
As separate testaments of Jesus Christ, the Bible and the Book of Mormon support rather than supplant each other. Elder Russell M. Nelson explains, “Scriptural witnesses authenticate each other. This concept was explained long ago when a prophet wrote that the Book of Mormon was ‘written for the intent that ye may believe [the Bible]; and if ye believe [the Bible] ye will believe [the Book of Mormon] also.’ Each book refers to the other. Each book stands as evidence that God lives and speaks to His children by revelation to His prophets.”
The King James Bible and the Restoration
Religious scholars presented LDS perspectives at a Brigham Young University symposium, The King James Bible and the Restoration, in February 2011. Learn more below.
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In this activity, students will observe the behavior of ants in response to different concentrations of sugar water to make a conclusion about how ants detect food sources and communicate with one another.
Real World Science Topics:
- An exploration of the ant behavioral patterns
- An exploration of ant food preferences
Students will gain an understanding of ant behavior and communication.
Activity Difficulty Rating: 3
Each hands-on science activity has been ranked based on
difficulty of set up and how difficult they are to perform. The rating
scale is from 1 to 5, with 1 being the easiest and 5 being the most
Use these quick refreshers to prep for your next class.
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Enablers and impediments to IT adoption in business relationships: Evidence from Australia and Finland
Business and Law
Marketing, Tourism and Leisure
Purpose – The purpose of the paper is to describe the impediments to information technology (IT) adoption and possible solutions in the context of business relationships by drawing on case studies conducted in both Australia and Finland in the heavy manufacturing sector. Design/methodology/approach – The in depth case studies were conducted in the steel manufacturing industry in Finland and in the marine defence (shipbuilding) industry in Australia. Findings – The findings indicate that doubts about the security of shared information, missing mutual benefits, incompatibility of IT systems, inadequate IT resources, uncertainty about the future directions of the relationship, information rich working routines, i.e. face to face communication, IT deployment not being part of the industry standard and investments not justified by the relationship seems to be the most significant impediments to IT adoption in heavy manufacturing in Australia and Finland. Research limitations/implications – This paper focuses on one industry sector using case studies. Further work could be conducted in other industry sectors to determine if the same impediments arise. Practical implications – Through the cases discussed an attempt is made to identify some of the impediments to IT adoption, strategies for overcoming them and by doing so, adding to the body of marketing knowledge on business relationships. For managers this paper provides some insights to manage IT adoption in the heavy manufacturing industry. Originality/value – Across various industry sectors managers have adopted different types of IT tools to coordinate their relationships with their counterparts. However there has been little academic research in this area until recently, as the research has been focused on large firms in technology rich industry sectors. This paper broadens the discussion on IT adoption in the context of business relationships in industry sectors that have not been traditionally targeted.
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PLANS to lease buildings at the Centre for Tropical Horticulture to the Alstonville Community College will "jeopardise important horticultural research and development projects", says the Australian Macadamia Society (AMS).
A spokesman for the Department of Primary Industries (DPI) last night confirmed that a lease for part of the buildings had been agreed with the college.
"The college is a highly suitable tenant for these facilities," the spokesman said.
"NSW DPI is intending to secure another tenant for the remaining office space available at the Alstonville facility.
"The lease will have no impact on the capacity for important horticultural research at the centre. Since the DPI horticultural research team moved to Wollongbar recently, they have continued to conduct their ongoing field studies at the Alstonville site."
But AMS chief executive, Jolyon Burnett, said giving the lease to the college would be an "appalling loss for the region and local food producers".
"This is a slap in the face for the horticultural industry, and the enormous economic contribution the industry makes," he said.
Mr Burnett said their proposal would have kept the centre as "the home for horticulture in the region".
"Even more disappointing is the fact the site has been handed over to an organisation that has contributed nothing and has no connection to the site," he said.
Narelle Millar from Alstonville Community College was contacted for a comment, but said she could not say anything at this stage.
Ballina MP Don Page last night said the college had long expressed an interest in the site.
He said initial discussions involved the college sharing the facility with the AMS.
However Mr Burnett said that arrangement was "not realistic".
"It's pretty clear to see that the department wants to sell this prime real estate," he said.
This was denied by the department spokesman, who said there were "no plans to sell the land surrounding the buildings".
Should the buildings at the centre be leased? Leave a comment below or SMS 0428 264 948.
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The British Library Sound Archive holds rich and extensive collections of sound recordings of African music, literature, radio broadcasts and wildlife. These holdings can be searched through the Sound Archive Catalogue.
Researchers interested in African literature and linguistics will find much of relevance in the Sound Archive collections. Oral literature exists in many forms; it can be spoken, chanted, sung or musically accompanied. Sound recordings are an invaluable resource for researchers in this field since the printed page cannot convey the nuances or vibrancy of the oral performance. Early field recordings were often donated by European anthropologists or linguists, for example, the Alice Werner collection of language samples recorded on cylinder in East Africa between 1912 and 1915, or B.W. Andrzejewski's acetates, cut in the early 1950s in Somaliland. Contemporary material is more likely to have been collected by African literary theorists or social historians. Increasingly, students are encouraged to collect field recordings as part of literary and historical studies or teaching courses. The Sound Archive has, for example, a collection of Enuani Igbo tales, primarily spoken, collected over a five-year period by Nkem Okoh for his doctoral thesis, 'Tradition and individual creativity in Enuani Igbo tales'.
Other spoken word material includes interviews with and readings by writers, for example, in recordings of the African Writers' Club (a weekly programme broadcast by the BBC African Service from 1959 to 1971) which featured interviews with Chinua Achebe, J.P. Clark, Lenrie Peters and Ama Ata Aidoo. Many of these recordings are now available electronically. The collection also includes live recordings of plays such as Kola Ogunmola's presentation of Amos Tutuola's Palm wine drinkard at the University of Ibadan, and recordings of conferences.
Radio has long been a powerful information source throughout Africa. The British Library Sound Archive has recordings from many broadcasting institutions, and these can inform researchers from a wide range of disciplines. Recordings include bulletins announcing changes and falls of government and other material of historical significance, for example, speeches by Jomo Kenyatta, Tom Mboya and Patrice Lumumba.
Recordings of African music, traditional and modern, are an important feature of the collections. Traditional music is inseparably bound up with other art forms such as dance and oral literature. The collection of recordings is reinforced by relevant monographs, journals, catalogues and discographies. Through donations, exchange agreements, collaborative fieldwork projects and purchase, the collection of published and unpublished recordings and books continues to grow. It provides a rich resource, unique in Britain, for scholars, musicians, media producers and general music enthusiasts.
More information about the scope and history of the African music recording collections is given here.
The Sound Archive has collected sound recordings of African wildlife since the former British Institute of Recorded Sound established a scientific wildlife section in 1969. Published discs and cassettes are held but the majority of the holdings consist of unpublished recordings contributed by sound recordists, ornithologists and other scientists. The collections include many recordings of mammals and birds, a few recordings of insects and amphibians, and examples of general habitat sounds including savannahs and rain forests from different localities and at different times of day. Copies of many of the unpublished wildlife recordings may be provided for scientific and educational studies and for publishing, broadcasting and film-making.
The recordings of African birds at the Sound Archive represent the most comprehensive collection in existence. Birds of East Africa are particularly well covered. The major collections include those of D. Pearson, R. Stjernstedt and R. McVicker. The C. Carter and F. Dowsett-Lemaire collections cover some of the birds of central African countries and the Dr C. Chappuis collection specialises in West African birds. There are many smaller collections from Madagascar, the Mascarene Islands, Seychelles and southern and North Africa, which include recordings of the extinct Aldabra Brush Warbler Nesillas aldabranus and the recently discovered Cryptic Warbler Cryptosylvicola randrianasoloi. There are also extensive recordings of large mammals and bats, including the Dr S. Bearder collection of bushbaby and spotted hyaena vocalisations, and the Wilma George collection of gundis (Ctenodactylidae) of North African deserts.
The holdings of the British Library Sound Archive can be searched through the Sound Archive Catalogue.
Recorded Sound Information Service
The British Library
96 Euston Road
Tel: +44 (0)20 7412 7676
Fax: +44 (0)20 7412 7441
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Just a quick note for anyone taking A-Level Biology or for anyone who may be interested in biology (don’t know why they would be but hey!)
In case you hadn’t guessed, I hate biology. Yes, I take it at A-Level but I just hate it! But anyway, getting to the point. I found this animation earlier about the light-dependent reaction of photosynthesis and found it pretty useful. Some of the names of the molecules don’t need to be known for A-Level but I found the explanation itself really helpful. So just thought I’d share it for people who are in the same boat as me!
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Connect to share and comment
Ecuadorean President Rafael Correa says: “We cannot be beggars sitting on a bag of gold.”
QUITO, Ecuador — President Rafael Correa was once the toast of environmentalists around the world after his government adopted a groundbreaking new constitution that recognized “the rights of nature.”
The 2008 constitution even used the words “Pacha Mama” — the indigenous Quechua language’s term for the “Earth Mother.” It stipulated that the state “will incentivize” citizens to respect and protect her ecological cycles.
But now, Correa finds himself accused of hypocrisy as his bid to push through a huge $1.77 billion open-pit copper mine in the Amazon has aroused the wrath of the country’s powerful indigenous minority.
According to the Confederation of Indigenous Nationalities of Ecuador (CONAIE by its Spanish initials), the El Mirador mine, run by Chinese company Ecuacorriente, would lead to the ravaging of around 450,000 acres of spectacularly diverse cloud forest that is the ancestral territory of the Shuar people.
Neighbors Peru, Bolivia and Chile have numerous open-pit mines, which critics say can have devastating environmental impacts.
El Mirador would produce 2.35 million tons of copper, and generate estimated royalties for Ecuador of $5.4 billion. It would be the first in the small South American nation, and is widely viewed as establishing a precedent for the mining industry here.
CONAIE claims that the planning process has been riddled with irregularities, including a lack of meaningful consultation with the local communities. The organization also says Ecuadorean law prohibits mining in natural watersheds such as those in Zamora Chinchipe, the area where the mine will be located.
Ecuacorriente declined GlobalPost’s requests for comment, saying its executives were too busy.
Correa, a combative socialist who previously worked as an economist, has insisted that the royalties from the mine are necessary for Ecuador’s economic development.
“We cannot be beggars sitting on a bag of gold,” the president said when his government signed the concession contract with Ecuacorriente in March.
More from GlobalPost: The Argentine economy’s fuzzy math problem
Yet opponents of the mine were outraged after he allegedly describing them as “four nobodies.” The quote was widely reported by Ecuadorean media, but the president now denies ever saying it.
At the heart of the bitter dispute lie competing visions of “development,” with indigenous groups and some environmentalists rejecting Western models based on the industrial exploitation of natural resources.
“For us as indigenous people who have lived here for millennia, it is not about having a big apartment with a plasma flat-screen TV,” Mauricio Paqui, CONAIE director for territory, natural resources and development, told GlobalPost.
“Development means nothing to us if it doesn’t protect the forests where our people have always lived, or allow us to continue to have clean water, forests and air.”
Earlier this month, the confederation led a march from Zamora Chinchipe to the capital Quito. The march started out with just a handful of indigenous activists.
But two weeks later, when it arrived in Quito on March 22, it nearly brought the city to a standstill. Its numbers had swelled with sympathizers, including many non-indigenous Ecuadoreans.
Correa swept to power in 2006 in large part thanks to indigenous support, even making campaign speeches in Quechua. Now, many here are interpreting his acrimonious split with the indigenous movement as a seismic shift in Ecuadorean politics that could ultimately undermine his chances of re-election.
Meanwhile, the controversy also shines a spotlight on China’s rapidly growing presence in Latin America. That could mean greater risk of conflicts in the region, some analysts say, as Beijing seeks to feed its growing hunger for raw commodities, particularly metals, gas, oil and food exports.
The US was the top foreign investor in Latin America in 2011, with investments totaling $23 billion. But China is rapidly catching up, investing $15 billion, according to strategic consultant Gabriel Sanchez Zinny, managing director of Washington, DC-based Blue Star Strategies.
“In the US, we often ask why we don’t engage more with Latin America, but maybe it’s not about what we want, but what Latin America wants,” Zinny told GlobalPost. “Countries in the region believe they need to diversify their economies and not be too reliant on the US.
“Even countries with right wing or center-right governments such as Chile and Colombia, who have strong relationships with Washington, are seeking out Chinese investment.”
More from GlobalPost: Latin America’s hidden growth story
In a statement on its website, the Chinese Embassy in Quito says Chinese companies operating abroad are required to “comply rigorously” with local laws and “apply strict standards for environmental protection, conserving the ecological surroundings in order to contribute to the sustainable development of local communities.”
Chinese firms have been accused elsewhere of harming the environment. In Africa companies from China “have been caught flouting conservation laws and collaborating with criminals in the exploitation of Africa’s natural assets,” writes University of St Andrews international relations professor Ian Taylor.
And environmental accidents are rising at home in China, according to media reports.
Now, Ecuacorriente appears to have its work cut out bringing locals onside in the Ecuadorean Amazon. “The Shuar are committed to defending their land whatever it takes, including shedding their own blood,” warns Mauricio Paqui. “They are our brothers and CONAIE will be there with them.”
With support from a grant from the Pulitzer Center on Crisis Reporting.
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“Since the beginning of radio, the broadcaster has been interested in how the owner of a receiver reacts to the programs presented over the air. Some of the questions to which the broadcaster, whether he is an educator or advertiser, is anxious to secure the answers are as follows:
- When does the listener use his receiver?
- For how long a period does he use it?
- To what station or stations does he listen?
- Who listens (sex, age, economic and educational level)?
- What does he do while the receiver is in operation?
- What does he do as a result of the program?
- What are his program preferences?
—Frank N. Stanton (1935)”
Frank Stanton, who later became president of CBS, wrote those words in his doctoral dissertation. Little has changed since that time. The media has undergone great transformations, but the basic research question—a need to know the audience—has been one of the most enduring features of the media industry.
The need for measuring audiences online has been a recent trend in our country. Once the domain of techies, it is fast became a need for marketers and advertisers for evaluation of their digital spends. Ever since the inception of internet in Pakistan, there have been multiple challenges to address the issue of measurement. The biggest challenge namely being that the internet is HUGE and the rapid growth that it has seen in Pakistan renders any assumption about the data gathered of its size, pretty much useless.
The second problem we had been facing since inception of the net has been to chart the growth in subscribers and the services they subscribe to. With exponential growth any information regarding visitors access is rendered useless with the introduction of new services and changing tastes online due to new users. This is a challenge even more so when we think in terms of the fact there are no geographical boundaries on the net. Thus how do we define ‘access in Pakistan’.
Third and not the least are the lack of standards and impartial definitions that still continue to create measurement problems in Pakistan e.g. just over a decade ago the standard on which audiences were measured was HITS (the number of client (browser) requests) to a ‘website’ (after all Facebook wasn’t around then). This was a reasonable method initially, since a web site than often consisted of a single HTML file. However, with the introduction of images in HTML, and web sites that spanned multiple HTML files, this count became less useful, since each client (browser) would now send hundreds of hits on every page load.
These problems are still present to date and attempts to measure audience of Pakistani online advertising campaigns or digital platforms have not been consistent or transparent enough to provide reliable standard metrics. Understanding how well your brand is doing is about more than clicks and page views. It’s about the audience and that is where the troubles start. Take the metric of ‘new visitor’ e.g. there is really no such thing as a new visitor when you are considering a web site from an ongoing perspective. If a visitor makes their first visit on a given day and then returns to the web site on the same day they are both a new visitor and a repeat visitor for that day. So if we look at them as an individual which are they? The answer has to be both, so the definition of the metric is at fault.
Online measurement methodologies in Pakistan also have a problem on how the data is gathered. One way e.g. is through reading cookies (small text files saved on computers with unique individual IDs) which gathers data on the user from site to site. This only works on ‘persistence’ basis. When the user deletes this cookie from the browser, the user will appear as a first-time visitor at their next point where the cookie is read. Without a persistent and unique visitor id, conversions, click-stream analysis, and other metrics dependent on the activities of a unique visitor over time, cannot be fully accurate. This approach also does not take into account that the user doesn’t just consume digital “cookies”. They’re a shopper, a home maker, a tweeter or a power texter, the process which misses the audience completely and looks at the trees for the forest.
With over 10 million broadband users in our country more and more people are now viewing their favorite programs, browsing information on websites, socializing via networks on digital screens & platforms such as PCs, tablets and mobile. With this growth in digital audiences, there has never been a greater need to profile and provide accurate and reliable data to clients through modern measurement techniques. Advertisers, agencies and marketers have grown used to the regulated and reliable measurement of ‘traditional’ media, and they now seek the same standards from digital media when it comes to measuring the scale and behavior of online audiences, one that provides for a consistent, reliable approach for validating their ad campaign.
Thus whatever standards we implement in our industry, at the heart of the audience measurement should be an understanding of consumer behavior which not only need to be holistic it should also analyze consumer behavior and trends, advertising effectiveness, brand advocacy, social media buzz and more to provide a 360 degree view of how consumers engage with online media.
Different approaches exist worldwide to measure audiences. The survey method is still a popular method though one can never be sure of the sample’s authenticity. Another approach followed by online research companies worldwide combines representative, people-based panels with, tag-based measurement to deliver a holistic view of the digital universe and its audience. The representative panel offers deep insights across demographic characteristics of Internet use, while data collected through tags placed on participating publishers’ pages provides measurement of the content consumed tracking their demographics, web visiting, online and offline transactions, search behavior, video consumption and ad views. The result is a Total Internet Audience metric that offers a sophisticated approach to understanding consumer behavior and provides comprehensive digital media measurement across all devices and locations, including mobile devices, tablets, secondary PCs and access points outside of home and work locations. This problem with this approach is that it completely misses niche content and is highly skewed towards what is popular. Other approaches use a mix of impressions, unique reach, frequency (how many times a person saw the ad online), Testing of different creative and tie in with incremental sales.
The first companies to take on Internet audience measurement had been firms with an expertise in estimating computer usage (more Google Analytics) rather than mass-media consumption. However as the media permeates more in our lives and as the new forms of media become live especially mobile, so will the content consumption and behavior of our audiences change even more. Thus from a web based landscape that once required Internet users to visit specific destinations for content will evolve to one in which content is pushed directly to consumers. In order to uncover the size, growth, composition and value of these distributed multi-channel audiences, audience measurement technologies will have to keep pace. Sadly we are not even at the first phase yet.
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Searchers still can’t reach Tongan island, Late.
High seas have made it impossible for searchers to reach a small, uninhabited Tongan Island as they hunt for two missing Australian yachtsmen.
HIGH seas have made it impossible for searchers to reach a small, uninhabited Tongan Island as they hunt for two missing Australian yachtsmen.
The three-metre swells around the island of Late, west of Vava’u, in the north of the Tonga group, made it too dangerous to land on Monday, said the Rescue Co-ordination Centre New Zealand (RCCNZ), which is co-ordinating the search.
The two Australians, both in their 60s, have been missing since Thursday night when their 15-metre yacht, Navillus, was wrecked off Late.
Rescuers hope the men made it ashore on the island, where searchers checked landing points on Friday.
RCCNZ search and rescue mission co-ordinator John Dickson says it is hoped the swells will die down enough for searchers to land on the island on Tuesday.
The two men reported via a satellite phone call to a relative in Victoria, Australia, that they had run aground and yacht was breaking up.
Air and sea searches on Friday found wreckage from the yacht, including an un deployed life raft.
However, extensive on-water searching and an aerial search of over 191 square nautical miles by an RNZAF P3 Orion has failed to find the men. Poor weather has hampered the search.
Police in Victoria are co-ordinating contact with the next of kin.
The yacht is understood to have been sailing from the Caribbean to Bundaberg in Queensland.
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To Die for NAFTA
"The commonest error in politics," said Lord Salisbury, "is sticking to the carcass of dead policies."
Lord Salisbury's rule comes to mind on reading of John McCain's delight at the $40 billion contract awarded the French-led parent of Airbus—to build the next generation of U.S. Air Force tankers.
The contract could run to $100 billion and is a body blow to Boeing in its duel to the death with Airbus. Two-thirds of all air-to-air refueling tankers are used by the United States. The contract gives a 30-year lease on life to the expiring Airbus A330 and means early death for Boeing's 767, the U.S. model for the tanker.
Congratulating himself for having exposed corruption in the Boeing bid, McCain purred, "I have always insisted that the Air Force buy major weapons through fair and open competition." [Boeing backers blame McCain for losing deal, Seattle Post-Intelligencer, March 7, 2008 ]
If McCain thinks Airbus has prospered through "fair and open competition," he is beyond recall. In its first 25 years, Airbus sold 770 planes but did not make a dime in profit. It was started as a socialist cartel, subsidized by the governments of Spain, France, Britain and Germany, to invade and capture a market owned by Americans who built the planes that won World War II.
Airbus drove Lockheed and McDonnell-Douglas out of the business of commercial aircraft and almost took down Boeing. And like indolent buffalo munching grass as they are shot one by one, we let it happen.
Lost U.S. jobs should not be our primary concern, said McCain, "I've always felt the best thing to do is to create the best weapons system we can at minimum cost to taxpayers."
But if McCain thinks cost trumps all in building weapons of war, why not outsource the building of U.S. carriers, cruisers, destroyers, frigates and submarines to the foreign shipyards that construct America's merchant ships? Why not hire and train foreign sailors as crews?
Why not outsource the scores of thousands of U.S. government jobs handling Social Security checks and tax returns to Bangladesh and India? After all, the neocons want to hire foreign mercenaries to fight America's wars and reward them with U.S. citizenship, as the Romans did in the last days of the empire.
What does it mean to be an American anymore?
It took 20 years to wake up blockheaded Republicans to the social insanity of open borders. Only the collapse of his candidacy last summer jolted McCain into realizing that the 80 percent of Americans who reject amnesty and want a border fence are not all "bigots," as his Tonto, Lindsay Graham, said they were.
Is it going to take 20 more years for Republicans to awaken to the economic disaster they have created and the political ruin they are inviting with this fanatic faith in "free trade," while the rest of the world loots our country through mercantilism?
When Europe imposes a 15 percent value-added tax on U.S. imports and rebates the VAT on exports to the United States, that is not free trade. When China devalues its currency 45 percent, as it did in 1994, and bolts it down to suck jobs and factories out of the United States, that is not free trade. When Japan manipulates its currency, preaches economic nationalism to its people, and shelters its market for TVs, autos and steel, while dumping into and capturing ours, that is not free trade.
McCain admits to knowing almost nothing about economics and is now being advised by my old friend Jack Kemp. In a Wall Street Journal essay bemoaning my views, Kemp concedes, "I'm on the advisory board of Toyota North America and now drive a hybrid Lexus."
Nor is Jack the only pol who has found happiness in a foreign employ. Ex-secretaries of state and Cabinet officers, ex-senators and congressmen, and ex-White House aides are getting rich working for foreigners who are carting off American jobs, American technology, American markets, American factories—and America's future.
Yet retribution may be at hand for our multinational GOP. In Ohio, NAFTA is a five-letter word with a four-letter meaning, as Ohio lost a huge slice of the 3.5 million manufacturing jobs that vanished under the McCain-Kemp-Bush policy of unilateral disarmament in the trade wars being waged against America.
Look at the Bush-McCain record: $4 trillion in trade deficits, $2.5 trillion in manufactures alone. One in every six manufacturing jobs, 3 million, gone. With America borrowing $2 billion a day to pay for foreign goods, we have seen a collapse of the dollar, the price of gold quadruple to $1,000 an ounce, oil soar to $107 a barrel and gas heading toward $4 a gallon.
Where Bush has created an average of 46,000 new private-sector jobs a month, Bill Clinton did five times as well, creating 220,000 a month.
Hillary won Ohio denouncing the NAFTA deal Bill Clinton cut. The lady gets it. McCain remains a loyal NAFTA man. Good luck in Ohio and Michigan. As the Great Peer said, "The commonest error in politics is sticking to the carcass of dead policies."
COPYRIGHT CREATORS SYNDICATE, INC.
Patrick J. Buchanan needs no introduction to VDARE.COM readers; his book State of Emergency: The Third World Invasion and Conquest of America, can be ordered from Amazon.com. His latest book is Churchill, Hitler, and "The Unnecessary War": How Britain Lost Its Empire and the West Lost the World, reviewed here by Paul Craig Roberts.
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“Of course, the Gebirgsschüzen (Territorial Marksmen), whom I was only able to hear in the distance, deserve special thanks, because I am an honorary ‘Schütze,’ (marksman) even though I was once a mediocre Schütze."
Pope Benedict XVI, Bavarian Evening, Castel Gandolfo, August 3, 2012.
“Now, as we ‘thank you,’ I can only impart my blessing to you, but let us first sing the Angelus together, and if we can the ‘Andachtsjodler’ (a hymn in the form of a yodel).”
Pope Benedict XVI, Last Words in German at the Bavarian Evening.
The present pope, we know, is a man of many talents. We usually think
of these talents as primarily intellectual, even his taste in music is
classical. No one ever told us that he was a marksman, albeit mediocre,
or that he could yodel. The idea of yodeling a hymn would go over big on
country and western stations of the old school, no doubt. Google has
many sung versions of this quite beautiful hymn that anyone can listen
to. After listening to it, I can see why the pope added “if we can” as
the music is quite lovely.
On August 3, Cardinal Reinhard Marx of Munich arranged at the Pope’s
Villa at Castel Gandolfo for an evening of music and friendliness in the
Holy Father’s honor. In his remarks, the Pope said that he was truly dahoam,
which means in German to be “at home.” He kidded Cardinal Marx a bit
over the word: “I must compliment Cardinal Marx because he always
pronounces the word (dahoam) so well.”
The Holy Father took the occasion to recall his homeland. Bavarian
culture is “a joyful culture.” It is not “rowdy” but it is “full of
fun.” Anyone who has been to an Oktober Fest in Munich will have a
suspicion of what this means. Of the Bavarians, Benedict says, “we are
not a boorish people.” He does not mean “amusement,” that they merely
amuse themselves. The people are “joyful.”
Benedict then reflects on why this joyful characteristic might be
present in Bavaria. “The joyfulness of the Bavarian culture is based on
the fact that we are in tune with Creation.” That is an expression
mindful of the English title of one of Josef Pieper’s books: A Theory of Festivity: In Tune with the World. The good is ultimately “a person.” This is where true joy can only be located.
For the Bavarians, Benedict adds, there is joy that God gave them a
very beautiful land. In such a place, it is easier to recognize the
grandeur and goodness of God. But God did not just give the Bavarians a
naturally beautiful land. Following the admonition of Genesis, He
expected them to make it more beautiful. Benedict puts it this way:
“Through the culture of the people, through their faith, their joy,
their songs, their music and art it has become beautiful because the
Creator did not want to make it beautiful by himself, but also with the
help of men and women.”
This remark embodies a fundamental approach of Catholicism. The world
is great and lovely in itself, but it is not “complete” by itself. What
was good was open to becoming better, more beautiful, if men would
engage themselves in its possibilities to carry out God’s purpose in
creating them within this cosmos, this world, and all its parts.
The Pope then wonders whether it is all right to be happy and joyful
when there is so much misery and evil in the world. His answer is:
“Yes.” Why? “Because in saying ‘no’ to joy we render no service to
anyone, we would only make the world darker.” If we have to wait till
everyone is happy, till all the sins are forgiven and all the ills
cured, we will never understand what the world is about now.
Benedict adds: “Anyone who does not love himself is unable to give
anything to his neighbor, he cannot help him, he cannot be a messenger
of peace. We know this from faith and we see it every day: the world is
beautiful and God is good.” The commandment tells us that we are to love
our neighbor as we love ourselves, as if we are ourselves gifts of God
who do not create but only received the goodness we are initially given.
This understanding is why there is something terrible about that kind
of self-love that finds in itself only itself and not signs of a reality
that is more than oneself. No one can really think that he is the cause
of his own being, of what is.
In addition, we have the Incarnation. God has dwelt amongst us.
Christ “suffered and lived within us, we know once and for all and every
day: yes, God is good and it is good to be a person. We live from this
joy and starting from this joy we also try to bring joy to others, to
repel evil and to be servants of peace and reconciliation.” Thus, the
evil and suffering that we know is itself taken up by and in the Godhead
through Christ’s passion. The end of this passion is the joy of
resurrection. This is a profound way of telling us that it is all right
to be joyful even midst the suffering and sorrow. We are to say of what
is lovely what it is “lovely,” even when we know disorders in the world
and in our souls. The latter, the disorders, are ultimately ordered to
the former, to joy.
So the Pope recalls his homeland for an evening in the Italian hills.
He mentions each of the areas of Bavaria familiar to him: “Lower
Bavaria as far as the Oberlarnd, from the Rupertigau Region to the Werdenfelser Land.”
He thanked the lady announcer for speaking Bavarian so well. “I do not
think that I could speak Bavarian and at the same time so ‘uplifting.’”
He thanks those who played the “wind instruments” before recalling the
distant shots of the marksmen. Actually, Google also provides examples
of these marksmen shots that the Pope heard in the distance.
Finally, to an Italian cardinal present for the evening, Cardinal
Bertello. Benedict says: “I hope you also felt that Bavaria is beautiful
and that the Bavarian culture is beautiful.” Such is the price a Pope
like John Paul II and Benedict pays. The memories of their homeland are
not lost on them; yet they are there in the hills of Rome where the Lord
wants them to be. They are dahoam (at home) in both places
when they hear songs of their land. Yet no one is in a lasting city;
however beautiful God and men have made Bavaria to be. Benedict knows
this truth also.
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Slide 63 of 89
Operations are carried out in the eight S scalar registers and 8 64-word Vector registers. Vector length is specified in a register and a mask determines which operands participate in a vector operation. Address arithmetic is carried out in the 8 A registers.
Two sets of 64 temporary registers store scalars and addresses to minimize access time.
Instructions are buffered in 4 groups of 64 x16 bits.
It is remarkably similar to the 6600… and extended for vectors.
In addition to operations that operate on fixed strides, a scatter-gather mode is used such that each operand is pointed to by an address.
This basic vector architecture has been implemented in numerous other architectures, including Japan and minisupercomputers. About a dozen manufacturers have copied the “Cray-style’ vector architecture.
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Stock market is not a speculative game or a lottery system which make you rich in a short span of time. You will not get 1 lakh rupees on investing 10k Rupees. You should not expect Miracles from stock from market. Although, there are experienced and professionals experts trader who are making lots of money the stock market, but if you are new to this industry, then need to spend your valuable time to learn from the market. You need to spend time to understand the stock marketing, analyzing the charts, patterns, indicators, candlesticks, supports and resistance and other numerous factors. Investing in the stock market is a long term process.
The money which you are going to invest in the stock market to get familiar with stock investing will defiantly give you returns in the long term. One of the reasons why people lose money in stock market is because they do not understand the basics of trading. Investing in Stock market is one of the riskiest things to do, as you are facing Brett lee with a helmet. Therefore, if you are naive about how the stock market works, then your risk exposure is overblown.
So here are some tips you can consider while investing in stock market with your small money:
• First of all you need to find a stock broker that does not require a large amount of money as investment to open a trading account. You are looking for a broker that requires a minimum of 10000 or less to open an account. There are some of the online brokers that fit this criteria are Religare, SMC Global, Angel Brooking, Share Khan & many more. You should also have to check how much brokerage the broker charging from you per trade or transaction.
• Once you have found a fine broker that you would like to use for trading, then you need to open the account with that company. You have to verify your identity and bank account information. Remember, Opening an account is simple but it can be mind-numbing. You may also be required to add fund into your account before it is opened.
• The next thing is to have a brokerage account, and then you need to familiarize yourself with the trading account. Most of the online brokerages have a suite of tools that you can use for tracking your all trades or researching your prospective investments.
• Before you start actually investing in stocks, you need to make sure that you have a basic idea of stock market. There are lots of resources available on the internet at free of cost to analyze you don’t need to buy paid software. You can even subscribe to some free online investing newsletters to get tips on investing. And also get some free tips online.
• Do not trust on any news showing on news channels Always analyze the market your self.
Once again if you are just getting started out investing, then you need to make sure that you understand the fundamentals of stock market and how the market works. Your money is precious do not let it away without proper study of that stock.
For details contact:
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