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The Roots and Development of the Laestadian Movement in Finland A Lecture Series by Dr. Pekka Raittila Dr. Pekka Raittila lectured at the Pastor's Seminar October l8 and 19, l982, at Inter-Lutheran Theological Seminary. Dr. Pekka Raittila is a professor in the Theological Seminary at the University of Helsinki, Finland, and a pastor in the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland, the state church of Finland. Pastor Elmer Yliniemi translated these lectures at the Seminar. Melvin F. Salo prepared this manuscript from cassette tapes of the lectures and it was subsequently converted to this web page. Copyright 1987 by Inter-Lutheran Theological Seminary 11015 County Road 15 Minneapolis, Minnesota 55441 612-546-3332. All rights reserved. - Introduction and Overview - Relationship of the Laestadians to the Lutheran Church of Finland - Laestadians to the Present - Missionary Work - Organization of Laestadians - The Training of Ministers - Conclusions: Observations of Pekka Raittila Regarding the American Laestadian Scene Page 6: The Training of Ministers The training of ministers as generally practiced by the Laestadians may be of special interest to the seminarians. The education of ministers in the First Born sect of Laestadians generally indicates the training of ministers in all other sects of the Laestadians. In northern Finland, Sweden and Norway among the First Born young or middle aged men begin speaker training as Sunday school teachers and then go on as readers of the text for older ministers in the Sunday service. Then after a while the young inexperienced men begin to accompany older experienced preachers to the pulpit. In all cases it was deemed necessary that the young man in training be under the guidance of an older experienced preacher. In fact ministers could say whose students they were. This was an effective method of teaching ministers for preaching mission journeys would extend for weeks. It was important for the young trainee to study the Bible with his senior guiding minister. In this way he learned more about the Bible and the care of souls. It was recognized that a few of the trainees became speakers very quickly because of the very special blessing of the Holy Spirit. It is said that Juhoni Takkinen became a speaker very soon after his conversion. Though training of ministers even among the First Born has changed yet their training of ministers illustrates well past practice in almost all the Lasestadian groups. John Runtti became a preacher at l8-19 years of age. As the revival waned the age of the ministers rose. In Finland there was no other training for lay preachers. In the New Awakenist group there is some type of institute established to train ministers. Once an year ministers gather for training discussions but there is no required attendance for any one. Very important is that there are many Laestadian university and seminary trained ministers who are serving as pastors in the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland, the state church. There are some in Sweden and many in Finland. Their training in the university and the seminary is the same as for all other ordained ministers. The Laestadian seminary student at the university seminary may adopt one or the other of opposite attitudes toward university seminary training for the ministry. A university professor ventured this opinion: Some of the Laestadian seminary students are very careful that nothing of seminary training stick to them as they want nothing of the seminary training but find it necessary to qualify for a position from which to qualify for a position from which they may preach the true gospel as they see it. Many Laestadian seminary students, of course, are earnest in garnering all the knowledge possible and then subjecting all of it to their best criteria for evaluation. This, of course, is the most difficult road. Many university seminary trained Laestadian ministers have given their whole hearted support to this mode of ministerial training. Bishop Tapaninen and Rector Oscar Jussila encouraged young men seek university seminary training for the ministry and to pursue that training diligently and conscientiously. Ministers who have conscientiously completed their seminary training find that their training has reflected in all of their work. Consequently, some Laestadian seminary trained ordained ministers have served as examples to lay preachers. Traditionally sermons followed the text verse to verse but after World War II thematic sermon construction became the norm among the ordained ministers as well as many lay preachers. Waino Havos exerted a tremendous influence on sermon construction. His sermons were thematic. In central Finland there were a large number of Laestadian speakers who were influenced by Havos. But conditions are different in America. In America you have a lot more pastors for here all speakers are both preachers and pastors while in Finland only ordained ministers are both speakers and pastors and lay preachers are only speakers. In contrast to Finland's practices your ministers here lack seminary training. In Finland and Sweden the training of speakers is not entirely under lay control as it is here. In days past when all members of the congregation were farmers and the preacher was a farmer this practice seemed appropriate and worked well. Today when a large number of the congregation have several years of higher education one might ask doesn't the minister also need higher education. There may be other reasons for this seminary, The Inter-Lutheran Theological Seminary, but among Laestadians it appears as a serious shortcoming - the absence of university seminary training for ministers. A Laestadian seminary of which The Inter-Lutheran Theological Seminary is the only one in America is very singular. In Finland there is no counterpart of a Laestadian seminary specifically. To have a Laestadian seminary in Finland as you have here in America is against the Laestadian heritage and consequently would arouse much opposition in Finland. A criticism leveled against Salomon Korteniemi who preached in the Copper Peninsula in l872-l878 was that he wrote his sermons. According to Laestadian tradition the minister is to open his mouth and whatever comes out is by the Holy Spirit. When this is said, it seems forgotten that the early Laestadian ministers studied scriptures diligently. Certainly, hardly a day went by that they were not preparing a sermon with the Bible. But they did not call it preparing a sermon. It is very difficult to change these old attitudes. Tradition says Laestadius wrote all his sermons. (In fact he wrote sermons for his student ministers to deliver). There were reasons why Laestadius wrote all his sermons. His native language was Swedish and though he knew Greek, Hebrew, Latin, and German he did not know Finnish and he needed to learn Finnish in order to preach to the Finns in Kaaresuvanto (Karesuando) parish. On the other hand we can be thankful that God so ordained that Laestadius wrote out his sermons and consequently they were preserved for posterity in his Postilla. Pekka Raittila responds to questions from participants. "How many ordained ministers are there in Finland compared to the number of lay preachers? one asks. Perhaps there are three lay preachers to one ordained minister. There are about two hundred Laestadian ministers serving the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland (Suomen Evankelisluterilainen Kirkko). If the ordained ministers are satisfied to serve in a middle position among the lay preachers and not in the bow or stern but in the middle then the relationship of lay and ordained ministers is good. If the ordained ministers end up in positions of leadership in the Laestadian congregation than a power struggle can result. During the l960 division there was clearly a power struggle between the pastors and the lay preachers. In l934 a similar struggle took place. Rigid confrontations do not take place frequently but there is an ongoing anxiety. Among the First Born there are no trained pastors in America but there may be a few in Finland. The Laestadian pastors in the state church, The Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland, are vulnerable in that they are engaged in many activities and must participate in the confession of faith with which the Laestadians do not totally agree or support. A question from a participant: "In Finland and America Lutheran pastors take an oath to uphold the Unaltered Augsburg Confession and Luther's Small Catechism. Where has this originated?", one asks. Pekka, This goes back in history to 1550 at the Uppsala meeting to a statement of faith of the state Lutheran church of Sweden. Finland at that time was a part of Sweden. By this oath one becomes a member of the Lutheran World Federation. I do not know how this oath came to America but it does appear in the early l900s in the process of legalizing congregation. Though Laestadians have had some concern about the interpretation of some books of the Augsburg Confession, The Book of Concord, yet no Laestadian group would say that the Book of Concord is not acceptable as a basis for faith. When the Unaltered Augsburg Confession and Luther's Small Catechism and other confessional books are correctly interpreted then the Laestadians can accept them as a basis for the Gospel. Officially a lay preacher may speak in the state church if he has official permission. Lay preachers from the United States have preached in the state church in Helsinki for example. Only ordained pastors of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland may administer the sacraments and perform the official rites of the church. As members of the state church, The Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland, all Laestadians participate in the sacraments and rituals of the church. Baptism, confirmation, communion, weddings and funerals are performed for Laestadians by pastors of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland, the state church.	<urn:uuid:e02670ba-e6f4-42d7-a310-8fed9e3bcbce>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.apostoliclutheran.org/history-6-training.php	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368700264179/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516103104-00070-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.966658	2,061	1.875	2
Pomeranian Information: Health The Pomeranian is named after the region of central Europe, Pomerania, from which the breed descends. Queen Victoria owned a particularly small Pomeranian, and because of its subsequent popularity, the dog was bred to be smaller in general. This breed is a healthy one, although like many dogs it can be prone to patellar luxation. As a small breed, the dog can also be subject to tracheal collapse as well as a scalp condition known as black skin disease. The Pomeranian generally lives a long life, with life expectancy ranging from 12 to 16 years. Primary Health Conditions of the Pomeranian Tracheal collapse is a fairly common hereditary problem for Pomeranians. In this condition, rings of cartilage are missing or too weak to support the trachea, leading to collapse when the dog is excited or exercising heavily. Many dogs can be treated with steroids and other drugs, although more serious conditions may require surgery. The Pomeranian can also be prone to patellar luxation, which refers to a slippage of the kneecap. The dog may experience pain or discomfort that can affect its gait. Obesity can exacerbate the condition, which may also be treated surgically. Secondary Health Conditions of the Pomeranian Black skin disease, or Alopecia, is a rare condition that affects some Pomeranians. The problem results from a combination of hair loss and hyperpigmentation of the skin, turning it black. Black skin disease has no ill effect on the dog—and there is no cure for the condition—but the problem can mimic more serious problems such as Cushing’s syndrome. Thus, proper diagnosis is required. The Pomeranian may also be prone to progressive retinal atrophy, a genetically caused degeneration of the retina. Dogs with the condition should not be bred. Pomeranian Exercise and Walking Needs The Pomeranian is an energetic dog that likes to play and run, although its very small size can make exercise possible in small yards and even indoors. Thus it is well suited for apartments. Nonetheless, as with all dogs, the Pomeranian needs stimulation and interaction with its environment, so daily walks are required. The owner should be aware that the Pomeranian’s heavy coat can make this dog heat intolerant, and activity outdoors during the summer should be kept short. Pomeranian Nutritional Needs Pomeranians are sometimes known as picky eaters, so choosing a high quality food may require some trial and error. Nonetheless, these dogs can be prone to obesity, which can worsen such conditions as patellar luxation and negatively affect the dog’s health and longevity in general. Thus, adjusting the Pomeranian’s diet to reflect its age and activity level will be important. This information is for informational purposes only and is not meant as a substitute for the professional advice of, or diagnosis or treatment by, your veterinarian. Always seek the advice of your veterinarian or other qualified professional with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition. Never disregard or delay seeking professional advice due to what you may have read on our website.	<urn:uuid:e14cecb7-f6bd-4df4-9d38-b71f91452dee>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.petcarerx.com/c/390/dogs/health/pomeranian-information-health	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368700958435/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516104238-00018-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.951265	661	2.90625	3
This paper was interesting to me because QB has been following a mostly vegetarian diet to help control his ulcerative colitis and IBS. I wanted to summarize the conclusions in this paper for myself, QB, and all you readers. This paper was made available via the CR Society archives, so then link will take you there instead of to the pdf. Researchers wanted to study the proposed connection between animal protein consumption and increased risk for IBD. The study consisted of 67,581 women living in France between the ages of 40-65 without major diseases at the beginning of the study. The study was conducted over 10.4 years, and questionnaires on lifestyle were given ever 24 months along with an clinical IBD assessment. During the study, a total of 77 cases of IBD were diagnosed during the study, and 458 women checked Crohn’s disease or Ulcerative Colitis on the questionnaire. (further details in link) High protein intake, specifically animal protein, was significantly associated with increased risk of IBD (particularity for Ulcerative Colitis). Meat and fish, were particularly associated but not eggs or dairy (but eggs or dairy may not have been eaten in as large of quantities). Specifics of the Results: In the adjusted model, only total protein intake (not carbs or fats) was associated with an increased IBD risk. Interestingly, only animal protein exerted this IBD risk with no association observed with plant protein. Also, differences between UC (ulcerative colitis) and CD (Crohn’s Disease) were observed. CD was most correlated to total protein intake as opposed to animal or plant, while a strong association was seen with animal protein and UC. How is moderate to high protein intake defined in this study? Protein intake fell into three average intake groups. The first was 1.08g/kg, the second was 1.52g/kg, and the third intake group averaged in at 2.07g/kg. High protein intake saw a 3.3 fold risk of developing IBD. Why might animal protein cause an increased IBD risk? The small intestines do not adsorb some of the heme and amino acids contained in animal proteins. These are then passed to the colonic lumen and are metabolized by the micro-flora. Products from these reactions include hydrogen sulfide, phenolic compounds, amines and ammonia which are toxic to the colon. Sulfide may alter the cell membrane of the intestinal wall cells leading to loss of barrier function which in turns triggers an immune response. Even in healthy people, it has been shown that an increase in dietary protein leads to changes in colonic metabolism which is reflected by an increase in fecal ammonia, fecal volatile sulfur compounds, and urinary p-cresol. Obviously, one limitation of this study was that it only included middle aged women, but these results highlight the need for additional studies in the younger and male population.	<urn:uuid:7fce6679-5b7c-44e6-96c2-261b58f5bcfa>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://immortalplan.com/category/research/vegetarian-research/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368704713110/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516114513-00059-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.973648	612	2.203125	2
Transcript of San Antonio Mayor Julian Castro's remarks at the Democratic National Convention Lynne Sladky, Associated Press A transcript of San Antonio Mayor Julian Castro's remarks Tuesday night at the Democratic National Convention, as provided by the Democratic Party: "My fellow Democrats, my fellow Texans, my fellow Americans: I stand before you tonight as a young American, a proud American, of a generation born as the Cold War receded, shaped by the tragedy of 9/11, connected by the digital revolution and determined to re-elect the man who will make the 21st century another American century — President Barack Obama. "The unlikely journey that brought me here tonight began many miles from this podium. My brother Joaquin and I grew up with my mother Rosie and my grandmother Victoria. My grandmother was an orphan. As a young girl, she had to leave her home in Mexico and move to San Antonio, where some relatives had agreed to take her in. She never made it past the fourth grade. She had to drop out and start working to help her family. My grandmother spent her whole life working as a maid, a cook and a babysitter, barely scraping by, but still working hard to give my mother, her only child, a chance in life, so that my mother could give my brother and me an even better one. "As my grandmother got older, she begged my mother to give her grandchildren. She prayed to God for just one grandbaby before she died. You can imagine her excitement when she found out her prayers would be answered — twice over. She was so excited that the day before Joaquin and I were born she entered a menudo cook-off, and she won $300! That's how she paid our hospital bill. "By the time my brother and I came along, this incredible woman had taught herself to read and write in both Spanish and English. I can still see her in the room that Joaquin and I shared with her, reading her Agatha Christie novels late into the night. And I can still remember her, every morning as Joaquin and I walked out the door to school, making the sign of the cross behind us, saying, 'Que dios los bendiga.' 'May God bless you.' "My grandmother didn't live to see us begin our lives in public service. But she probably would have thought it extraordinary that just two generations after she arrived in San Antonio, one grandson would be the mayor and the other would be on his way — the good people of San Antonio willing — to the United States Congress. "My family's story isn't special. What's special is the America that makes our story possible. Ours is a nation like no other, a place where great journeys can be made in a single generation. No matter who you are or where you come from, the path is always forward. "America didn't become the land of opportunity by accident. My grandmother's generation and generations before always saw beyond the horizons of their own lives and their own circumstances. They believed that opportunity created today would lead to prosperity tomorrow. That's the country they envisioned, and that's the country they helped build. The roads and bridges they built, the schools and universities they created, the rights they fought for and won — these opened the doors to a decent job, a secure retirement, the chance for your children to do better than you did. "And that's the middle class the engine of our economic growth. With hard work, everybody ought to be able to get there. And with hard work, everybody ought to be able to stay there — and go beyond. The dream of raising a family in a place where hard work is rewarded is not unique to Americans. It's a human dream, one that calls across oceans and borders. The dream is universal, but America makes it possible. And our investment in opportunity makes it a reality. "Now, in Texas, we believe in the rugged individual. Texas may be the one place where people actually still have bootstraps, and we expect folks to pull themselves up by them. But we also recognize there are some things we can't do alone. We have to come together and invest in opportunity today for prosperity tomorrow. - Colorado Mormons join other faiths in... - Washington Post writer: Mitt Romney lost... - Pew study: News media inserted bias into gay... - Video: Miss Utah USA flubs answer at Miss USA... - NPR writer 'slightly' defends Miss Utah USA's... - Parents rally after Canadian elementary... - Cap'n Crunch refutes claims he's not actually... - Issues plaguing black families in the... - Pew study: News media inserted bias... 51 - Video: Miss Utah USA flubs answer at... 26 - Parents rally after Canadian elementary... 23 - New York English teacher assigns... 16 - Washington Post writer: Mitt Romney... 16 - Officials: NSA programs broke terrorist... 15 - IRS official: Washington scrutinized... 15 - NSA director says surveillance programs... 14	<urn:uuid:d8b8fe09-3538-4910-ace2-2740631a81e1>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.deseretnews.com/article/765601708/Transcript-of-San-Antonio-Mayor-Julian-Castros-remarks-at-the-Democratic-National-Convention.html	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368708142388/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516124222-00054-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.966005	1,038	1.625	2
Whether it's jihadists like Najibullah Zazi and Maj. Nidal Malik Hasan, antigovernment extremists like Joseph Stack, or apocalyptic Christian militiamen like the "Hutaree" arrested this week, recent months have reminded security professionals that the next major terrorist attack could come from homegrown extremists rather than overseas jihadists. The resurgence in domestic extremism invokes memories of 15 years ago this month, when Timothy McVeigh detonated a truck filled with explosives outside the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building in Oklahoma City. The resulting blast killed 168 people, including 19 children. In this month's cover story, Assistant Editor Joseph Straw examines the threat of jihadist radicalization inside the United States in the aftermath of Hasan's alleged massacre at Fort Hood. Security experts assert that the best tool for identifying potential terrorists is the same used by companies to identify potential workplace violence threats: The key, observers agree, is to keep the focus on behavioral threat assessments. In the broader context of a workplace violence prevention program, those assessments are aimed at detecting early signs of psychological problems that could lead to violence. In the additional context of the terrorist threat, security managers must focus with clinical precision on behaviors that are recognized indicators of the threat of violence and radicalization, excluding factors of race, religion, and national origin. As Factor One President Jim Cawood told Straw, "the phenomenon of Islamic radicalization—in terms of detecting behavioral red flags in the workplace—is no different from that posed historically by other political and religious extremists or even employees suffering from mental illness." -- Matthew Harwood The Evolving Terrorist Threat The threat of homegrown terrorism in the United States is not new. It dates back at least 145 years to the formation of the Ku Klux Klan at the end of the Civil War. The years since 9-11, however, have raised the threat to a new level, given the extent of harm posed by modern weapons. While domestic terrorism can take many forms, today the greatest risk is related to that of Islamic radicalism. In the years following 9-11, it was first thought that radical jihad was unlikely to find fertile ground in the United States, where the Muslim population is among the most integrated and assimilated in the world. But more recent events are driving home the message that it only takes a few homegrown jihadis to create a serious threat. The incident in which Army Maj. Nidal Malik Hasan allegedly killed 13 people and wounded 30 more in a shooting rampage at Fort Hood, Texas, after apparently self-radicalizing, illustrates the point. And his case is not as unique as experts once thought. Testifying at a congressional hearing on the issue, Mitchell Silber, director of intelligence analysis for the New York City Police Department (NYPD), listed nine other arrests or suspected plots from the prior 12 months that involved individuals radicalized in the United States. The cases ranged from one involving four men who placed what they thought were explosives outside a synagogue in Riverdale, New York, in April 2009, to that of at least 15 Americans of Somali descent who are believed to have self-radicalized and left the country to wage jihad in Somalia. Homeland Security Secretary Janet Napolitano has since publicly acknowledged that “Home-based terrorism is here. And, like violent extremism abroad, it will be part of the threat picture that we must now confront.” Jarret Brachman of the University of North Dakota and former director of research for the U.S. Military Academy’s Combating Terrorism Center, is among the experts who harbor concern that the new threat is highly dynamic. “The biggest issue today is the narrowing gap between thought and action,” Brachman tells Security Management. “You’ve got these dudes who have been on the Internet for years, but now they’re being told—or are telling one another—that this is not the last stop. And I worry that these people are going to start coming out of the woodwork over the next couple years.” That prediction increases pressure on intelligence, law enforcement, and security professionals to spot threats in a world of noise. Veteran security practitioners, however, argue that for themselves and their peers, little has changed. Today’s environment, they say, only reinforces the case for strong fundamentals—specifically threat assessment. For security managers in corporate environments, the key is to have a heightened awareness of the need to look out for behaviorial red flags that signal suspicious activity or radicalization while avoiding stereotyping or profiling. (To continue reading "The Evolving Terrorist Threat," click here.)	<urn:uuid:021eddb9-80fc-421e-8008-ee2953431065>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.securitymanagement.com/news/resurgence-domestic-terrorism-006981	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368698924319/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516100844-00036-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.948771	944	1.679688	2
No glory of the Eternal One is higher than this, Mighty to save; no name of God is more adorable than that of Saviour; no place among the servants of God can be so glorious as that of an instrument of salvation. Christs voice sounds now for each of us in loving invitation; and dead in sin and hardness of heart though we be, we can listen and live. Christ Himself, my brother, sows the seed now. Do you take care that it falls not on, but in, your souls. Because many who are called by the Gospel do not repent nor believe in Christ, but perish in unbelief, this does not arise from defect or insufficiency of the sacrifice offered by Christ, but from their own fault. Christ is known only by them that receive Him into their love, their faith, their deep want; known only as He is enshrined within, felt as a divine force, breathed in the inspirations of the secret life. Beloved, you that have faith in the fountain, frequent it. Beware of two errors which are very natural and very disastrous; beware of thinking any sin too great for it; beware of thinking any sin too small. Our sins are debts that none can pay but Christ. It is not our tears, but His blood; it is not our sighs, but His sufferings, that can testify for our sins. Christ must pay all, or we are prisoners forever. It was the custom of the Roman emperors, at their triumphal entrance, to cast new coins among the multitudes; so doth Christ, in His triumphal ascension into heaven, throw the greatest gifts for the good of men that were ever given. There is truth in Jesus which is terrible, as well as truth that is soothing; terrible, for He shall be Judge as well as Saviour; and ye cannot face Him, ye cannot stand before Him, unless ye now give ear to His invitation. Christ sends His Spirit, not only to help, but to lead us on, so that we build better than we know. We come freely into His methods; we are made to carry out His plan. This is the guarantee of an eternal success. Christ puts Himself at the head of the mystic march of the generations; and, like the mysterious angel that Joshua saw in the plain by Jericho, makes the lofty claim, Nay, but as the captain of the Lords host am I come up. Jesus does not drive His followers on before, as a herd of unwilling disciples, but goes before Himself, leading them into paths that He has trod, and dangers He has met, and sacrifices He has borne Himself, calling them after Him and to be only followers. Christ is the great burden bearerthe Lamb of God who beareth the sin of the world; but in order to enjoy the benefit of His interposition, I must distinctly and for myself take advantage of it. Conscious of my lost estate, I must seek a personal share in the common salvation. Be sure that Christ is not behind you, but before, calling and drawing you on. This is the liberty, the beautiful liberty of Christ. Claim your glorious privilege in the name of a disciple; be no more a servant, when Christ will own you as a friend. As this brook not only washes off impurities, but overwhelms them, so that they can no longer be found, even so Thy Divine mercy, and the stream of my Saviours blood, not only purge away, but extinguish my sins, sweeping them into the depths of the sea, where through all eternity they shall be remembered no more. Go to the family where darkness and suspicion and jealousy and disorder reign, and if they will but receive Christ, mark how light and confidence and order and peace spring up. Go to the regions of superstition and idolatry, and see what transformations are effected by Jesus. From behind the shadow of the still small voicemore awful than tempest or earthquakemore sure and persistent than day and nightis always sounding full of hope and strength to the weariest of us all, Be of good cheer, I have overcome the world. And what is the joy of Christ? The joy and delight which springs forever in His great heart, from feeling that He is forever doing good; from loving all, and living for all; from knowing that if not all, yet millions on millions are grateful to Him, and will be forever. When a man begins to apprehend the first approach of grace, pardon, and mercy by Jesus Christ to his soul; when he is convinced of his utter unworthiness and desert of hell, and can never expect anything from a just and holy God but damnation, how do the first dawnings of mercy melt and humble him! Grieve not the Christ of God, who redeems us; and remember that we grieve Him most when we will not let Him pour His love upon us, but turn a sullen, unresponsive unbelief towards His pleading grace, as some glacier shuts out the sunshine from the mountain-side with its thick-ribbed ice. As a child walking over a slippery and dangerous path cries out, Father, I am falling! and has but a moment to catch his fathers hand, so every believer sees hours when only the hand of Jesus comes between him and the abysses of destruction. Compassionate Saviour! We welcome Thee to our world. We welcome Thee to our hearts. We bless Thee for the Divine goodness Thou hast brought from heaven; or the souls Thou hast warmed with love to man, and lifted up in love to God; the efforts of divine philanthropy which Thou hast inspired; and for that hope of a pure celestial life, through which Thy disciples triumph over death. Reader, if Christ is yours, and you are Christs, is there anything on which you may more confidently repose than that Jesus is making continual intercession for you, ever displaying the merits of His cross and precious blood, not only for the church at large, but for thee, even for sinful thee? Brethren, is not this the Saviour that you need? one who can save you from the utmost depths of depravity, in the utmost corner of the earth, on the utmost inch of time? One who can save you amidst the utmost urgency of fierce temptations, and who in the uttermost extreme of exhausted nature, when heart and flesh do faint and fail, completes the work, and seals the salvation for evermore? You have only to cast your life-long guilt, your ungodliness, your evil thoughts and wicked words, your sinful soul itself, into this crime-canceling, sin-annihilating, soul-cleansing Fountain, in order to obliterate from Gods creation your foul transgressions, and yet leave the Divine perfection fair as ever. The sin which a Saviours blood dissolves is the only sin which, after being once committed, is totally extinguished. My burden is light, said the blessed Redeemer, a light burden indeed, which carries him that bears it. I have looked through all nature for a resemblance of this, and seem to find a shadow of it in the wings of a bird, which are indeed borne by the creature, and yet support her night towards heaven. What do we know about the world unseen? What reasonings, what curiosity, what misgivings there have been concerning that impenetrable mystery! Out of this mystery and vagueness and vastness comes the human form of the Divine Redeemer. He assures us that there is an unmixed and endless life, and that all we have to do to secure it is to trust ourselves to Him who came to declare it and to confer it. It is not the thinker who is the true king of men, as we sometimes hear it proudly said. We need one who will not only show, but be the Truth; who will not only point, but open and be the Way; who will not only communicate thought, but give, because He is the Life. Not the rabbis pulpit, nor the teachers desk, still less the gilded chairs of earthly monarchs, least of all the tents of conquerors, are the throne of the true king. He rules from the cross. Happy those who are able in truth to say, My Lord and my God! Here is the true bond of union. Here is the noblest inspiration of life. Strength for work. Comfort in trouble. Hope in death. Here is what gives eternity itself its chief interest and joy. There we shall behold the King in His beauty. And when we shall see Him as He is, and shall be like Him, with what ecstasy of love and gratitude and joy shall we cry, My Lord and my God! I feel my disease, and I feel that my want of alarm and lively affecting conviction forms its most obstinate ingredient; I try to stir up the emotion, and feel myself harassed and distressed at the impotency of my own meditations. But why linger without the threshold in the face of a warm and urgent invitation? Come unto me. Do not think it is your office to heal one part of the disease, and Christs to heal the remainder. The hoary centuries are full of Him; the echoes of His sweet voice are heard to-day; His love has perfumed the past eighteen hundred years, and He lives to-day, as the Head of His church; He lives to-day, the object of the warmest adoration, the most passionate love, for whom millions would die this very hour. Empires have fallen, thrones have crumbled; but Jesus lives, His empire extending every day, His throne gaining new trophies of His grace. The enthronement of Christ over the minds of men is steadily going forward. His kingdom embraces the princes in the realm of mind. It embraces the nations of highest civilization. They are all beneath the cross. It is maintained by simple authority. Other mental monarchs rule by logic; Christs word is lawit is satisfying to His subjects. His truth in the hands of His disciples, like the bread He broke upon the mountains, is an ample supply for the millions that gather at His table. Yes, we have throned Him in our minds and heartsthe cynosure of our wandering thoughtsthe monarch of our warmest affections, hopes, desires. This we have done. And the more we meditate upon His astonishing love, His amazing sacrifice, the more we feel that if we had a thousand minds, hearts, souls, we would crown Him Lord of all. Living we will live in Him, for Him, to Him. Dying, we will clasp Him in our arms, and, with Simeon, welcome death as the consummation of bliss. Thus the word reveals the Divine essence; His incarnation makes that life, that love, that light, which is eternally resident in God obvious to souls that steadily contemplate Himself. These terms life, love, lightso abstract, so simple, so suggestivemeet in God; but they meet also in Jesus Christ. They do not only make Him the centre of a philosophy; they belong to the mystic language of faith more truly than to the abstract terminology of speculative thought. They draw hearts to Jesus; they invest Him with a higher than any intellectual beauty. My only comfort is that I with body and soul, both in life and death, am not my own, but belong to my faithful Saviour Jesus Christ, who with His precious blood hath fully satisfied for all my sins, and delivered me from all the power of the devil; and so preserves me, that without the will of my heavenly Father, not a hair can fall from my head; yea, that all things must be subservient to my salvation. And, therefore, by His holy spirit, He also assures me of eternal life, and makes me sincerely willing and ready, henceforth to live unto Him. We believe that the salvation of sinners is wholly of grace; through the mediatorial offices of the Son of God; who, by the appointment of the Father, freely took upon Him our nature, yet without sin; honored the divine law by His personal obedience, and by His death made a full atonement for sins; that having risen from the dead He is now enthroned in heaven; and uniting in His wonderful person the tenderest sympathies with divine perfections, He is every way qualified to be a suitable, a compassionate, and an all-sufficient Saviour. Christ is the head of all things. Everything lies open before His eye, everything is sustained by His power, and everything is disposed of by His wisdom. Not a sparrow can fall to the ground without His notice and permission. Oh, to see Jesus in all things! Oh, to see everything at the disposal of Jesus! Oh, to see that all things are directed, controlled, and overruled by Christ alone! May this calm my mind, compose my spirit, and produce holy resignation in my soul! If Jesus arranges all, sends all, directs all, overrules all, then all things must work together for good to them that love God. If you are really anxious to learn the way to God, He has not left Himself without a witness, nor you without a teacher. Go to the recorded Christ, and look at that history; listen to those words which survive in the gospels. And go to the living Christ, to Him who has said, I am the light of the world, he that followeth me shall not walk in darkness, but shall have the light of life. And dim as may be your outsetmore of night than morning in your twilight, as you follow on you shall know the Lord, and with the light that radiates from Himself, your path will shine brighter and brighter unto the perfect day.	<urn:uuid:ac8942f7-5779-4667-a572-9fda3d40dbb6>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.bartelby.net/348/227.html	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368696383156/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516092623-00043-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.95632	2,868	1.554688	2
Professor awarded medal for research into coeliac disease Professor David Sanders, Consultant Gastroenterologist at the Royal Hallamshire Hospital (Regional GI and Liver Unit) and University of Sheffield, is delighted to have been awarded a renowned medal for his research into coeliac disease. Professor Sanders has been awarded the Cuthbertson Medal 2011 by the Nutrition Society – given each year to young scientists for excellence in clinical nutrition research that provides an evidence base for clinical practice. Granted annually since 1990 as a tribute to Sir David Cuthbertson, the late nutrition research pioneer, it is recognised as one of the most prestigious awards in the field. Focusing on his extensive research into coeliac disease (CD) – a disorder of the small intestine caused by heightened sensitivity to gluten – Professor Sanders’ application for the medal was themed 'The Rise and Fall of Gluten'. Although mankind has existed in some progressive form for over 2.5 million years, it has only been exposed to wheat for the last 10,000 years. With an increase in gluten consumption over time, the prevalence of CD has increased. Today, around 1% of UK adults are affected by the disease, which can cause chronic diarrhoea, fatigue and growth deficiency as well as other symptoms. At present, the only known treatment for CD is a lifelong gluten-free diet. However, this raises uncertainties with the nutritional effects of such a diet, for example on cholesterol levels. It is also not clearly understood whether adult patients with undetected coeliac disease and co-existent Type 1 diabetes benefit from a gluten-free diet. Much of Professor Sanders' recent research has focussed on the nutritional effects of a gluten-free diet as well as the effects of having undetected CD. With factors such as this in mind, Professor Sanders’ research has profound implications for the treatment of patients in the future. Professor Sanders, who was also named European Rising Star in Gastroenterology in 2010, said: 'I’m truly honoured to be awarded this medal and I feel very fortunate. Coeliac disease is under-diagnosed and can have a serious and profound impact on people's overall health and quality of life. The nutritional impacts of maintaining a gluten-free diet, or indeed of having undetected CD, are areas that need urgent research and myself and my colleagues having been working hard to fill this gap. I have been very lucky to be supported by research fellows, consultant colleagues, nursing staff, secretaries and dietitians at the Royal Hallamshire Regional GI and Liver Unit. Without this unending goodwill none of this work would have been possible. In the future I plan to research the increased use of a gluten-free diet around the world and look further at a range of gluten-related disorders.' Professor Sanders will collect his award in November at the British Association of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (BAPEN) congress, where he will deliver a keynote lecture.	<urn:uuid:0cb60421-0e2d-4d4d-9b72-8311c4a8938b>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.bsg.org.uk/press/press-releases/professor-awarded-medal-for-research-into-coeliac-disease.html	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368703682988/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516112802-00032-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.962204	614	2.078125	2
DrJay wrote:In KY, Versailles= "Versales" (Spoken with a twangy Southern accent.) Same as a street in my current city, without the accent. After growing up near Lafayette (LA fee et) CA I was humored in my Tennessee days to find myself down the road from Lafayette (luh FAY et). My guess is that they pronounce it totally differently in France. tandfman wrote:Speaking of Massachusetts, the h in Amherst is not pronounced. It's AM-erst. Massachusetts tends to follow UK pronunciations. Thus the h is silent in Birmingham, Nottingham, Amherst, Framingham etc. The hell it is - I grew up in Framingham, went to Framingham North HS, and we always pronounced the h. Concord, NC = con-cord Concord, MA or NH = conk-urd Well I heard both ways when I lived in Boston for Framingham, but as you mention it the h being sounded does sound familiar. Or is that just Rawson pronouncing it during the Boston Marathon. But the Brits do drop the H. You should try Shrewsbury, England, where the locals, who don't always get their way, call it as in Shrew, while the BBC has it Shrowsbury. Halfmiler2 wrote:Of course, certain names are pronounced differently in different places: Arkansas (state) versus Arkansas (river) Apparently, even the river is pronounced differently in different places: Name pronunciation varies by region. Many people in midwestern states, including Kansas and Colorado, pronounce it /ærˈkænzəs/ar-KAN-zəs, while people in the state of Arkansas typically pronounce it /ˈɑrkənsɔː/AR-kən-saw according to a state law passed in 1881. I also recall one of the first times I announced at a track & field meet, I almost got my head handed to me for pronouncing Cardinal Dougherty H.S. of Philadelphia as DAHR-er-tee. Of course, it is DOCK-er-tee. gh wrote:as I recall both Wichita State and Ouachita Baptist trace their lineage to the same tribe of native Americans. Not exactly. It is a bit confusing. The Ouachita (pronounced Wash-ita) were a NE Louisiana tribe that assimilated into the Nachitoch tribe and is now included on the Caddo, a dominant tribe in East Texas and Western Louisiana, tribal rolls. Curiously, the Caddo reservation was/in SW Oklahoma. Ouachita is a Choctaw word. The Choctaws, of course, were one of the Five Civilized Tribes that force migrated from SE USA in the 1840s Trail of Tears to reservation in Eastern Oklahoma, with present capital at Durant in SE OK. The Ouachita Mountians in eastern Oklahoma/western Arkansas are geomorphically /metamorphosed/ troubled sedimentary mountains. The Wichita were a plains tribe that roamed the Central Plains in Texas Oklahoma and Kansas: akin to the Kiowa, Comanche, Cheyenne, Arapahoe.. Wichita Falls, Texas and Wichita, Kansas were influenced by this plains trib. The Wichita Mountains in Southwestern Oklahoma are uplifted granite exposures of the Amarillo Uplift which plunges underground in the Texas Panhandle and mark the southern flank of the Anadarko Basin in SW Oklahoma. Strangely Washita County in SW Oklahoma is presumably named for the Ouachita tribe of eastern Oklahoma with the French spelling imported from Louisiana corrected. Arapaho is a distinct tribe that aligned with Southern Cheyenne in signing the third treaty of Medicine Lodge, circa 1867, giving up traditional hunting grounds from Kansas border to the Arkansas River in exchange for a "forever" reservation in west-central Indian Territory between the Canadian River and Kansas ... things got nastier as the government repeatedly and unilaterally violated the treaty in squeezing the tribes south of the Cimarron River. Cheyenne-Araphoe currently have a very prosperous casino in Canadian County on what is left of their land. County Seat is at El Reno, site to the Fort Reno remount station. Arapahoe is the county seat of Custer County, OK. It is a virtual ghost town with little more than the courthouse, Post Office and convenience store, across the river about four miles north of the much larger town of Clinton (pop 10,000). I saw the Cowboy and Indian Saturday afternoon serials in my youth too.. don't remember the Injun's tribe being mentioned.. just them savage redskins.. When I was a kid and I learned the state capitals, I assumed that Boise rhymed with noise, and was pronounced boyz. Then someone told me that it was actually two syllables, so i assumed that it was boy-zee. It was only when I actually went there for the first time (when they hosted the 1994 NCAA Championships) that I realized that the correct pronuciation is boy-see. tandfman wrote:When I was a kid and I learned the state capitals, I assumed that Boise rhymed with noise, and was pronounced boyz. Then someone told me that it was actually two syllables, so i assumed that it was boy-zee. It was only when I actually went there for the first time (when they hosted the 1994 NCAA Championships) that I realized that the correct pronuciation is boy-see. 10 out of 9 TV commentators say Boy-zee State, so there ya go!	<urn:uuid:8d716047-4560-4cf4-9db0-573864d5491d>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.trackandfieldnews.com/discussion/viewtopic.php?p=801948	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368706153698/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516120913-00024-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.964166	1,189	2.078125	2
National Museum of Natural History The National Museum of Natural History, as stated on its website, "inspire[s] curiosity, discovery, and learning about nature and culture through outstanding research, collections, exhibitions, and education." Natural history. That probably doesn't sound particularly useful to a teacher of history, which is so often centered on humanity, rather than the earth. That said, don't write the NMNH off without giving it some thought. True, many of the offerings are decidedly scientific. However, the museum includes anthropology alongside biology and geology. Be sure to take a look at the virtual exhibits. More than 30 topics are presented, with highlights including Alaska Native Collections: Sharing Knowledge, Camping With the Sioux: Fieldwork Diary of Alice Cunningham Fletcher, Lakota Winter Counts, and Lewis and Clark: Mapping the West. The museum also provides a variety of lesson plans, for use in the classroom and during field trips. Also, consider looking into the teacher and classroom resources under "Human Culture and Diversity." Resources range from bi-annual anthropological research publications (including teaching activities and methods) to the National Museum of Natural History's anthropological collections. Workshops provide an opportunity for educators to focus on specific topics of interest. If you live in the DC area, consider planning a field trip. Hands-on learning opportunities are in no short supply!	<urn:uuid:c0405411-88d0-4277-827d-eb2b9c83df5e>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://teachinghistory.org/history-content/national-resources/23588	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368700264179/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516103104-00073-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.951833	283	3.609375	4
05-01-2012: Amsterdam Molecular Therapeutics announced that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has granted orphan drug designation to its gene therapy program for the treatment of hemophilia B. Orphan designation in the U.S. could provide up to seven years market exclusivity on regulatory approval. Orphan designation for AMT’s hemophilia program in the European Union was granted in November 2011. AMT’s hemophilia B program, which consists of an adeno-associated viral (AAV) vector containing the human factor IX gene, is being investigated in a Phase I/II study conducted by St. Jude’s Children’s Research Hospital (Memphis, USA) and University College London (UK). Promising data from an initial 6 patients, recently published in the New England Journal of Medicine (N Engl J Med 2011; 365:2357-2365), shows that gene therapy administration resulted in a reduced need for protein replacement treatment, the standard care for hemophilia patients. AMT is preparing for additional clinical development work to establish safety, tolerability and proof-of-concept with a factor IX gene therapy produced using its proprietary AAV production system. Amsterdam Molecular Therapeutics (AMT) Holding N.V. in liquidation (in liquidatie), announced that following the approval of the corporate restructuring and financing transaction by the Extraordinary General Meeting ("EGM") of shareholders that was held on 30 March 2012, completion of the d ... more Amsterdam Molecular Therapeutics announced that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has granted orphan drug designation to its gene therapy program for the treatment of hemophilia B. Orphan designation in the U.S. could provide up to seven years market exclusivity on regulatory appr ... more Amsterdam Molecular Therapeutics announced that the Company has raised € 2.5 million in new equity by means of a private placement to three of its existing shareholders: Forbion Capital Partners, Gilde Healthcare Partners and Advent Venture Partners. Under the terms of the transaction, AMT ... more Founded in 1998 on the initiative of researchers from the Academic Medical Center (AMC) in Amsterdam, AMT has become a leader in the field of human gene therapy. A pioneer in the development of gene therapy AMT has used its scientific know-how and expertise to build up a strong research and ... more More about FDA U. S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) 5600 Fishers Lane Epigenomics AG announced that it has submitted the fourth and final module of its Premarket Approval (PMA) to the United States Food & Drug Administration (FDA) for its blood-based Epi proColon® test for the detection of colorectal cancer in December 2012 as previously indicated, thereby co ... more Genzyme, a Sanofi company, announced that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved AUBAGIO® (teriflunomide) as a new once-daily, oral treatment indicated for patients with relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis (MS). AUBAGIO has shown significant efficacy across key measures ... more Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd. announced that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has granted approval for tbo-filgrastim (XM02 filgrastim), the first new granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) to be approved in the United States in more than 10 years. Tbo-filgrastim is ... more FDA is responsible for protecting the public health by assuring the safety, efficacy and security of human and veterinary drugs, biological products, medical devices, our nation’s food supply, cosmetics, and products that emit radiation. FDA is also responsible for advancing the public hea ... more	<urn:uuid:66c03eaa-b130-4e25-9b3f-3be3a596d031>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.bionity.com/en/news/135818/amsterdam-molecular-therapeutics-receives-us-orphan-designation-for-hemophilia-b-gene-therapy.html	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368708142388/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516124222-00000-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.925645	816	1.851563	2
Music for All is dedicated to providing access to valuable information and resources to support music and the arts in education and communities. Download the "Why Music?" Poster! Did you like the art we shared on Facebook or Twitter? You can download the Why Music? Poster here in two differnt sizes and print at home or send to CVS/Walgreens/Staples etc. Other Advocacy Materials On August 18, 2009, U.S. Department of Education Secretary Arne Duncan spoke with the SupportMusic Coalition regarding his letter about the importance of Arts Education. SupportMusic Community Action Kit – Resource to help organize music and arts education advocates. This kit contains presentations, press releases, guidelines and strategies... all provided in a simple, easy to use format. Music for All is a proud supporter of the development of these tools. - This is a one stop resource to help individuals craft specific strategies based on local circumstances (Budget Cuts, No Child Left Behind implementation, time pressures) Music for All is proud to be a partner with Supportmusic.com. Music Education Strong (Spanish) - The brochure from the SupportMusic Coalition. A great document to print and distribute. Focus on Advocacy: Reframing Advocacy - A Positive and Pro-Active Perspective by NAMM - The Reframing Advocacy document was created to positively reframe an advocacy position with the guiding theme: “Is your school in step with the rest of the country by providing access to high quality music and arts education?” It also encourages readers to join the SupportMusic Coalition.	<urn:uuid:c2619151-63a9-43fb-a31b-57a374bb876e>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.musicforall.org/who-we-are/advocacy/tools-and-downloads	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368703298047/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516112138-00035-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.909667	326	2.125	2
Christine Immel, administrative dietetic technician at the Milwaukee VA Medical Center, discovered her diverse hobbies actually fit under the Radical Homemaking movement, which redefines how families live by focusing on ecological sustainability, social justice, community engagement and family well-being. Christine Immel, Milwaukee VA Medical Center“I attended a conference in 2009, where I bought “Radical Homemakers: Reclaiming Domesticity from a Consumer Culture” by Shannon Hayes. The book introduces a different paradigm of thought on what it means to be productive members of society. It created a vision that I am starting to live out, which is to help society shift from a consumer culture to a culture of self-reliance that nourishes our families and communities. Radical Homemaking is about shifting our homes from a unit of consumption to a unit of production by teaching lost life skills such as gardening, food preparation and preservation, crafts, living within your own means and relying on community support. It’s a term people haven’t used before. It’s about getting back to the basics. There’s a lot of accomplishments that have been made in history, but with two people working and nobody left at home we’re finding a disconnect in our communities and having less time for family. We’ve shifted to a consumer society where we did little to no producing in our own homes. I think we’ve been through the consumption age. We have to keep the technology that helps us. I don’t think we need to get rid of dishwashers, but we need to marry the new technology that we have and what we know works with what we know that we’ve lost. Radical Homemaking can happen when there are two parents in the workforce as long as they make an effort to start producing in their own home. My husband and I can do it because we have split shifts so we don’t have to get childcare. All of my life I’ve had separate interests in nutrition, home, crafts. All of my hobbies didn’t come together until I picked up this book. All the things that I felt like I had been training for all my life came together under Radical Homemaking. I just asked my boss if I could go part time so that I can join two different internships, so that I can master all of these skills and teach them. I’m doing one internship about farm to school and another to become a master gardener. To support the vision of the Radical Homemaking future, I started a home-based business called The People’s Pantry. I set up my garage as my workshop that I plan to teach out of. I have seven stations: sewing/crafts, homemade cleaning products, recycling/composting, food preservation, home health, resources and home office. I am gardening, vermicomposting, building soil with composting and bunny manure, seed saving, yogurt making, making my own cleaning products and home remedies, mending my family’s clothes, dehydrating and freezing food, and cooking and baking. I am lucky that my husband is handy and does all of the home and car repairs, maintenance and home improvements. I plan to expand my education in organic gardening, root cellaring, canning, soap and candle making. My husband and I are planning to get our own chickens next spring. When I am ready, I will open up shop and teach all of these skills to those who want to learn how to become more self-sufficient.”	<urn:uuid:7424c4d7-7b56-490f-9599-b4b151f101dd>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.foodservicedirector.com/people/passion/articles/radical-homemaker?quicktabs_most_viewed_tabby=0	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368701459211/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516105059-00060-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.964398	745	1.898438	2
Before taking over as Erie Community College president in 2008, Jack F. Quinn Jr. worked as a middle school English teacher, Hamburg town supervisor, a member of Congress for a dozen years and as president of the Cassidy & Associates lobbying firm. It was the depth of Quinn’s local knowledge, fundraising experience and connections in government that led to his academic appointment. Quinn is leading the two-year college – which boasts 14,000 students at three campuses in Amherst, Buffalo and Orchard Park – at a time when community colleges are asked to play a larger role in the economy even as government funding for higher education is flat-lining. ECC in recent years has built partnerships with area companies to better prepare its students to fill jobs in advanced manufacturing, biomedicine and other emerging fields. The college serves students who don’t have high school diplomas, who are the first in their families to attend college, single parents, veterans, people training for a new career and those who will transfer to four-year colleges after earning an associate degree. ECC has invested $25 million into the building on its City Campus but now must address its aging North Campus as it seeks to lure hundreds of Erie County residents each semester who choose to take classes at Niagara County Community College. Q: What did you learn in politics in Washington that you’ve been able to apply to your job as a community college president? A: In New York State, community colleges are funded in an interesting way. About a third of our money comes from state government. About a third of our funding comes from county government. And the other third is raised through tuition. So all of the relationships that I had cultivated and made over those years that I was in government, at all levels, has helped me to position Erie Community College in a place where we can get the biggest bang for our buck and do the best things for the students and their families in Western New York. Q: What is the role of ECC or other community colleges? A: A lot of people think we teach classes for an associate’s degree, which we do, but that’s only part of what I call our business model. We do millions of dollars in economic development. We train the young men and women who will be in the manufacturing sector of Western New York. And of course we have a robust business in the GED business of Pathways [to Success], where students come to us without high school diplomas but need to be ready for the work force or for higher education. And then we have a very big part of our business where our two-year associate degree students go on to four-year schools, at UB, Buffalo State, Canisius – everybody around here. Q: Manufacturers and government officials warn this country doesn’t have enough skilled manufacturing workers. How is ECC closing this skills gap? A: The first thing we’re doing is listening to the manufacturers to tell us what it is they need. There’s one thing I’m proud of — we bought a piece of equipment, it cost us $240,000, I think. It’s a CNC water jet machine. And it trains people on how to do what used to be tool-and-die work [that] we now do with lasers and water, so it’s safer and more exact. Five colleges have this equipment in the United States. ... And the instructors that teach that have 100 percent job placement. Q: You’re making a push as a school into green jobs, into biomedical, advanced manufacturing. Why are you looking at those segments of the economy? A: Because we’re hearing from the folks who run those businesses that’s where they’re going to need the jobs. Q: And you’re doing all of this with stagnant, or declining, public support, from the county, from the state? A: Stagnant, for certain, with the county. And it’s been stagnant for six or seven years. State, we got a little bump up last year, which we’re grateful for. We’re going to ask for a little bit more. And then the third ingredient is tuition. So our tuition went up last year. And it’s likely it’ll go up again. We’re $3,900 a year. A little bit less than $2,000 a semester. What a bargain. Q: Charge-backs — money paid by one county when its residents attend community college in another county — cost Erie County millions of dollars each year. What can ECC do to convince students who now go to another community college to stay home in Erie County? A: The trustees’ answer is resounding and unanimous: It is to invest in that North Campus. Because the biggest share of this charge-back, the majority of all of that money, is in the town of Amherst and Clarence and Williamsville and Tonawanda, because they’re going up to Sanborn [to NCCC]. We took a semi-scientific look at this and said, Why? And when we looked at the students with Erie County ZIP codes who are enrolled there, and what they study, we teach 9 out of the 10 subject areas they’re studying. So it’s not because they’re not finding what they want to study at ECC. Q: How does ECC go forward — as a three-campus school, or will it consolidate? A: The trustees are very clear that our geography is a strong point for us. There’s no question. And so we will move forward, to answer your question, and invest in all three campuses. We’re not going to leave any of them to disrepair.	<urn:uuid:caafa427-ffa8-4685-8df7-4c24cc9446b5>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.buffalonews.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20121209/BUSINESS/121209172/1020	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368704392896/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516113952-00003-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.965845	1,221	1.703125	2
WHO ARE THE KACHINS? Comprising six ethnic sub-groups (Jinghpaw, Lawngwaw, Lashi, Zaiwa, Rawang, Lisu) are called Kachin. These six groups are the same traditions, customs, dialects and practices live mainly in northern Burma, as well as parts of China and India. The Kachin in Burma are estimated to number between 1 - 1.5 million. WHERE DO THE KACHINS LIVE? Total area of the Kachinland measures about 33,903 square miles, located between 23o-3' to 28o - 29' N Latitude and 96o - 99o E Longitudes. Kachin land is adjoining with Peoples Republic of China in the East, Democratic Republic of India in the West, Tibet in the North and Burma in the South. About 50% of the total area of the Kachinland is hills and mountains up to the height of 5,881 metres above the sea level. Kachin land is rich in natural resources, like Jades, gold and teak-timbers etc.. The land is covered with undisturbed-natural forests. The rarest natural species like Black Orchids, White Pheasants, and golden fishes in the confluence of Mali and Nmai rivers are observed. There are mainly three seasons in the Kachinland, Rainy Season., middle of May to middle of October; Summer Season is from middle of February to middle of May, and Winter Season starts from middle of October and ends in February. Annual Mean Daily Temperature ranges from 4 - 36 oC with 60 - 95% Relative Humidity. Hill cities, like Putao, have a very low temperature ranging from -4 to 18oC with low humidity. The uppermost part of Kachinland, including the Putao falls in temperate zone. The maximum temperature of 40 oC was recorded in 1996. Annual rainfall ranges from 80 to 200 inches. More rainfall has been observed in mountainous parts of the land. How did the Kachin People Convert into Christian? The Kachin of Myanmar originally religion was animism. Christianity spread among the Kachin people since 1837, like Eugenia Kincaid was the first Baptist missionary met Kachin people in northern Burma, Kachinland in 1837. He wrote letter to the mission society in America to send missionaries to Kachin land of northern Burma ( Myanmar). The first Baptist missionary to Kachin people was Albert J. Lyon, he died from malaria on March 15, 1878, one month after his arrival. Then William H. Roberts came to over to Bamo the Kachin Land, northern Burma, on January 12, 1879,he re-accomplished great mission work among the Kachin people and the first seven Kachin had been converted into Christian and baptized at Bumwa in 1882. He also started opened primary school for Kachin people. Dr.Ola Hanson came over to Bamaw in December 22, 1890 and created Kachin's alphabet from Roman alphabet in to the first kachin literature. Dr. Ola Hanson also compiled a Kachin-English dictionary and translated hymnal and the Holy Bible into Kachin. Late after another twenty-four American missionaries where opened mission schools, hostels, hospitals, health centers and other development programs over the Kachinland, but on August 1960, the first Priminster of Union Burma banned and abolished the freedom of religious regulations act and declared Buddhism as the State religion. Since all the western missionaries where left from Burm (Myanmar).To day majority Kachin are Christian. How does the government systems of the Kachin (1947) before Independent of Burma (Myanmar) The Kachin' Government system is used to be ruled by village and clan chiefs. The territory of Kachin State never came under direct British administration, nor had they been directly under the authority of the Burman (Myanmar) court before the Kachin Hill Tribes Regulation Acts 1895 was introduced. However, many of the areas actually within the orbit of the regulation were still governed through a system of indirect rule, which relied upon the authority of selected local chiefs and elders for the successful implementation of Government policy. During British rule of Burma (from 1886 to 1947), most Kachin territory was specially administered as a frontier region (Kachin Hill Regulation Act 1895).\| How did the Kachin jointly gaining Independent in (1947) with Burma (Myanmar ) from British The Union of Burma (Myanmar) is a nation-state of diverse ethnic nations(nationalities),founded in 1947 at the Panlong Conference by pre-colonial independent ethnic nationalities such as the Kachin, Chin, Shan, Karen, Karenni, Mon, Arakan, and burman (mayanmar), based on the principle of equality. As it was founded by formerly independent peoples in 1947 through an agreement, the boundaries of the Union of Burma today are not historical. Rather, the Union of Burma, or myanmar in its current form, was born of the historic Pang long agreement signed in 1947, Shan state of eastern Burma . Burma (maynmar) gained Independent from British on Feb 12, 1947. Today in Burma' government is military dictatorship.The population is about 50 millions, and half of them are Burman (mayanmar) and the rest of them are ethnic minorities. 30% are Christian. Who are the Kachin National Organization (KNO) The Kachin National Organization is a political organization founded on the 9th of January 1999. The formation was the result of extensive discussion between the overseas Kachins and the elders from the Kachin homeland. The main goals of the Kachin National Organization (KNO) are to establishing an independent of Kachin people, Human rights, self-termination and eco-social equal justice and freedom of beliefs and practices as well as restore genuine federal Union in Burma (mayanmar).	<urn:uuid:16e5069c-d960-458c-9278-dc65702e42bb>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.kachinland.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=section&layout=blog&id=9&Itemid=76	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368697974692/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516095254-00035-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.958241	1,260	3.5625	4
Apache’s Red Paint Pow Wow Going Strong After Overcoming Hurdles A change in marketing direction has given organizers of the Red Paint Pow Wow and Indian Market, January 18 to 20, in Silver City, New Mexico, the encouragement they need to successfully host and manage more annual gatherings. “It could have been our 10th year, but now it is our 9th year,” said Jon Gonzalez, president of the Red Paint Tribal Council, the group tasked to manage the powwow activities held in memory and recognition of the Chihene Apache (Red Paint People/Warm Springs Apache). Due to lack of funding, the powwow sponsored by the Chiricahua Apache, was canceled in 2011. But last year, armed with a different marketing approach, Gonzalez said the powwow was back in action and a great success. “It looks like this is going to be a good event,” Gonzalez said of this years event. “We developed different ways to marketing the powwow. This brings in more people and increases awareness.” In recent years, he said marketing for the powwow had not been a top priority. They have since remedied that by working closely with business chambers, the local university, and the media, while also adding more sponsors. But despite the difficulties of organizing a major event, he said it was important to continue the tradition of honoring the Apache people. “We like to provide some sort of involvement and presence in this community,” he added. The powwow flyer says as much with its declaration: “This is Apache Land, this has always been Apache Land.” Held at Western New Mexico University, Gonzalez said he expects the same amount of people that came last year, about 4,000, to attend the powwow celebration this week. The number is a 30 percent increase from the powwow held prior to the cancellation in 2010. The powwow typically draws people from New Mexico, Arizona, Wyoming, Texas, Wisconsin, Utah, Oklahoma, Vermont and Canada, among others. The Red Paint Powwow and Indian Market has always relied on admissions to help fund the event. Tickets range from $5 to $10 per person depending on the day of visit and age of visitor. This week the total pay out for the powwow competitions is $13,000. Gonzalez said that prizes for the dance competition are for first, second and third places, while prizes for drums are for first and second place only. Dance categories include men’s and women’s golden age; men’s and women’s northern traditional; men’s southern straight; women’s southern cloth; men’s grass dance; women’s jingle dress; men’s fancy dance; and women’s fancy shawl Teen’s competitions feature boy’s northern traditional and southern straight combinations; teen girls northern traditional and southern cloth combo; teen boys fancy and grass combo; teen girls fancy shawl and jingle dress combo. In junior’s, boys will be competing in northern traditional, southern straight, fancy and grass all combo, while girls will be competing in northern traditional, southern cloth, fancy shawl and jingle dress all combo. Tiny tots can participate in all combos. According to the powwow flyer, Friday marks “Educational Day.” The Indian Market opens at 9 a.m., while performances—storytelling, dance demonstrations, presentations, and songs— begin at 10 a.m. The Saturday and Sunday schedule lists gourd dancing, contest powwows, grand entries, and award ceremony. Among the performers and participants are Otis Half Moon (Nez Perce) as master of ceremonies; Tommy Spotted Bird (Kiowa) arena director; Derwin Velarde (Jicarilla Apache) head judge; and Shirley Pino (Santa Ana) vendor coordinator. Leonard Anthony (Dine) and White Eagle Gourd Society (Navajo) are the head gourd dancers. Star Feather (Jemez Pueblo) and Southern Outlawz (Dine/Mescalero) are the host northern and southern drum, respectively. Jakey Skye (Lakota/Dine) was named head man, while Debbie Skye (Dine) was named head lady. Other performers are Norwyn Wesley (San Carlos Apache) as gaan dancers; Freddie Kaydahzinne (Chiricahua/Mescalero) and Christian Pike “Big Boy” (San Carlos Apache) representing the Apache singers. Tigel Pinto (Dine) is the Dine flute, while the sound will be provided by Sounds Good Audio-Orlando Secatero (Dineh). Some 70 vendors are expected to sell all-Native produced items including jewelry, t-shirts, blankets and food, among others, Gonzalez said.	<urn:uuid:d3bf8e8f-48c0-493b-8985-805e24b2e6c9>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://indiancountrytodaymedianetwork.com/2013/01/16/apaches-red-paint-pow-wow-going-strong-after-overcoming-hurdles-146989	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368704392896/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516113952-00007-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.931592	1,034	1.539063	2
Things That Annoy Me, a Continuing Series: Bowdlerizations of Beloved Children’s Classics Tonight I was reading Robin a bedtime story, and instead of going for one of his usual favorites, I decided to pick a book we hadn’t yet read together. This handsome board-book edition of “Peter Rabbit,” which someone had very kindly given us as a gift some time ago, looked like just the ticket: So I started reading, but…as I turned the pages, the book seemed wrong. The pictures were right, but the text seemed dull and lifeless. It wasn’t the charming story I remember from my own childhood. I flipped it closed and took a closer look at the cover. And then I noticed, as I had not at first, those tiny little words at the bottom—based on the original and authorized edition. Based on the original? BASED ON THE ORIGINAL??? They re-wrote Beatrix Potter? For the love of all that’s holy, why? I just about started screaming. I flung the book down and went to find my own little well-worn copy of Peter Rabbit. Here’s how the original starts: “Once upon a time there were four little Rabbits, and their names were— They lived with their Mother in a sand-bank, underneath the root of a very big fir-tree.” “‘Now, my dears,’ said old Mrs. Rabbit one morning, ‘you may go into the fields or down the lane, but don’t go into Mr. McGregor’s garden: your Father had an accident there; he was put into a pie by Mrs. McGregor.” Now here’s the bowdlerized version: “Once upon a time there were four little rabbits, Flopsy, Mopsy, Cotton-tail and Peter. They lived with their mother under the root of a big tree. ‘Now,’ said Mrs. Rabbit one morning, ‘you may go into the fields or down the lane, but don’t go into Mr. McGregor’s garden.” Firstly, the charming specificity of detail has been wiped away. Instead of the picturesque “in a sand-bank, underneath the root of a very big fir-tree” we are left only with the bland, straightforward “under the root of a big tree.” Secondly, the voice of the original—the musical, sing-song cadence of the language—has been lost. Beatrix Potter’s writing tugs at us like a nursery rhyme. She obviously took great care with the sound of the words and the rhythm of their placement, and it’s an important part of why her stories work the way they do. The new version is plodding and graceless. But thirdly, and most terribly, the plot has been eviscerated. In the original, we know what the stakes are. Peter Rabbit faces death if he’s caught by Mr. McGregor. In the new version, Mrs. Rabbit gives no reason at all for her prohibition. As a result, the story makes no sense. We don’t know why Peter is supposed to avoid the garden, and we don’t have any reason to care about whether or not he manages to escape Mr. McGregor. The rest of the story is butchered in a similar fashion. Compare a passage from the middle of the tale: “Peter was most dreadfully frightened; he rushed all over the garden, for he had forgotten the way back to the gate. He lost one of his shoes among the cabbages, and the other shoe amongst the potatoes. After losing them, he ran on four legs and went faster, so that I think he might have got away altogether if he had not unfortunately run into a gooseberry net, and got caught by the large buttons on his jacket. It was a blue jacket with brass buttons, quite new.” In the board-book version, this becomes: “Peter was very frightened. He rushed all over the garden and lost both his shoes. Then he tripped and got caught in a net.” I kid you not. I mean…I can’t even. And I am so sorry, generous gift-giver, whose exact identity I no longer remember, if it seems that I am ungratefully railing against your thoughtful present. You would have had every reason to assume that a book titled The Tale of Peter Rabbit and attributed to Beatrix Potter was, in fact, the book that Beatrix Potter actually wrote. I think you were swindled and I am outraged on your behalf. But mostly I’m outraged at the idea that significant numbers of children might be fooled into thinking that this drek is Peter Rabbit. Because a parent who buys this book when they wanted “The Tale of Peter Rabbit” has been cheated out of some money: but a child who gets this instead of Beatrix Potter has been cheated out of something truly precious. I read Robin the original version, of course. He was not in the least alarmed by the allusion to Peter’s father’s “accident.” He was a lot more interested in the fate of Peter’s shoes.	<urn:uuid:60c6ca8c-7764-4826-a52e-b0ea566aa492>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://shannon.users.sonic.net/blog/?p=1349	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368706499548/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516121459-00076-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.974895	1,125	1.835938	2
All around the world people are more concerned about the environment than ever before. Pet waste is becoming a big issue across the nation. There are laws in many cities pertaining to the amount of waste you are to have on your lawn. And the importance of a clean lawn isn't just a national environmental issue, it should also be an issue having to do with your family's health. Pet waste that is not picked up can be a habitat for bacteria and parasites that can be transmitted to humans, not to mention an unpleasant mess on the bottom of your shoe. Your pet's health can also be jeopardized since many diseases can be spread through feces. While there are several methods you can choose to clean up your less-than-pristine lawn, one method that many pet owners choose is an in-ground digester system. There are several different models to choose from, but they all work on the same principle as a septic system. - You must first dig a hole in a convenient and out-of-the-way area in which you place the digester. The hole must be 48 inches deep in order to facilitate drainage. Install the digester and cover in the ground. The cover should only be slightly above ground. - After your pet has deposited his waste, pick it up and place it in the digester. - Add special enzyme stool digester mix and water, then place lid back on the digester. Some digesters come with a pedal apparatus. - Let the digester do its job – the digester liquefies the stool and drains it into the surrounding soil. - Forget about it until the next time and enjoy your clean lawn! - The liquid stool product is not harmful to the environment. Keep in mind that you may have to purchase a special digester if you feed your dog a high-protein or concentrated premium food. Because your dog's stool is so concentrated from these foods, you will need a specific type of bacterial/enzyme mixture to liquefy it. The digester apparatus is practically flush with the ground so it is not obvious to passersby. You would be surprised how easy it is to clean up your pet's waste and provide a pristine lawn for yourself and your family. You'll never be afraid to play a game of touch football on your lawn again! \|5 Facts About Pet Waste Systems Some facts to help you decide whether a Waste Digester System is right for you: - If you have clay soil, drainage will be poor and may prevent the system from working. Try this simple test to see how well your soil drains: Dig a 20" x 20" square hole about 14" deep. Pour five gallons of water into the hole. If the water drains within 48 hours, the waste digester unit should work fine. Digesters are temperature-dependent. The higher the temperature over 40 degrees Fahrenheit, the better it will work. Some areas of the country can only use their digesters in warmer seasons. - If your pet eats a premium pet food such as Iams, Science Diet, Nature's Recipe, or Eukanuba, use an enzyme specifically made for highly digestible food, such as Waste Terminator. - Chlorinated water lessens the effectiveness of the enzymatic digesters. A simple way to remove chlorine is to leave a five-gallon bucket of water in direct sunlight for 48 hours. - Make sure to purchase a Waste Digester System appropriate for the number of dogs you have.	<urn:uuid:eca563b1-ee9e-4111-a72f-9aae126e2a2a>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.drsfostersmith.com/PIC/article_print.cfm?aid=89	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368703298047/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516112138-00007-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.93472	718	2.453125	2
SISTERS, Ore. - More than 1,100 people are fighting to keep a wildfire in Central Oregon from forcing residents from their homes. Residents in the Crossroads and Edgington/Remuda areas west of the Forest Road 16 and south of Highway 20 in the vicinity of Sisters remain on a level two pre-evacuation notice due to the Pole Creek fire. The fire has burned 16,000 acres and is 10 percent contained. HAVE YOU SEEN THE SMOKE? Share your videos and photos People in those areas should be prepared to leave at a moment's notice. Large animals should be moved now to save time in the event of an evacuation. Even those homes not in peril from the flames feel the effects of the fire: plumes of wildfire smoke billowed up over Sisters, visible from the Willamette Valley. People with breathing problems should avoid inhaling the smoke. The American Red Cross opened an aide station at the Sisters Elementary School gymnasium, 611 East Cascades Ave, to provide a place for individuals to get out of the smoke in the Sisters area. The aide station will be open from 8 a.m. to 8 p.m., through at least Monday evening. Snacks and water will be available as well as access to current fire information. A meeting to update the public about the Pole Creek fire will be held on Monday evening at 7:30 p.m. at the Sisters Elementary School. The Incident Management Team managing the fire will provide a briefing on the fire. If you have questions about the meeting, please contact the Pole Creek Fire information line at (541) 549-6935.	<urn:uuid:31785bd7-e004-4c72-9727-efde27e82391>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.kval.com/news/local/Fire-near-Sisters-169985116.html	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368708142388/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516124222-00051-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.920653	346	1.632813	2
John Zmirak's introduction to the life and work of Wilhelm Röpke, written with the touch of an accomplished writer and journalist, weaves an analysis of Röpke's economic and social philosophy around the story of the momentous events in which Röpke took part and helped shape. Forced from his German academic post by the Nazis in 1933, Röpke eventually landed in Geneva, where he became a fierce foe of Hitler's regime. Drawing on his understanding and appreciation of the Swiss traditions of decentralized government, widespread property ownership, mediating institutions, bourgeois virtues and self-sufficiency, religious tolerance, and constitutional democracy, Röpke formulated a social critique that constituted a fundamental challenge to the Nazis' legitimacy. He also forged a unique economics. Realizing that the debased and corrupt capitalist order that predated the war had little to recommend in it, Röpke refused to shill for corporations or the fabulously wealthy. He instead put forth a free-market economc theory that simultaneously recognized the force of socialist and traditionalist objections to capitalism. Röpke's "Third Way" provided a way to make principled distinctions between legitimate and illegitimate government interventions in the marketplace and became the basis of the Christian Democratic political movement. After the war, Röpke and his economic ideas played a leading role in facilitating the rapid reconstruction of the German economy, often referred to as the German economic miracle. One of his most famous followers was Ludwig Erhard, chancellor of West Germany from 1963 to 1966, who later praised Röpke for providing "to those trapped in socialist-collectivist thought…words of transformation, offering them once more firm ground under their feet and an inner faith in the value and blessings of freedom, justice, and morality." By the end of his lifetime, Röpke had become a celebrity in his adopted Swiss homeland and a major figure within the American conservative intellectual revival. With the growing concern, across the political spectrum, with the corrosive effects of nationalism and unrestricted globalization, Röpke's economically informed localism has emerged again as a potent political position. This volume, the third in ISI Books' Library of Modern Thinkers series, will be valuable to anyone interested in the development of a humane economics and just social order. What They're Saying... "This work offers a sensitive and nuanced account of [a] free-market hero…" — National Review "Now, in the shape of John Zmirack, [Röpke] boasts a new biographer who, it is good to report, has done him proud. The two are indeed well matched. Röpke possessed a supple intelligence, a superb pen, and a keen sense of the fundamentally moral purposes served by economics. Zmirak is similarly gifted. His monograph deserves, and will surely receive, a wide and grateful readership." — First Things "This is a fine introduction to Wilhelm Röpke's work." "John Zmirak's book chronicles the intellectual development of Röpke, who started out as an Enlightenment liberal who believed in social progress and ended up a critic of the damage wrought by the excesses of modernization." "If any person in our contemporary world is entitled to a hearing it is Wilhelm Röpke." — New York Times "A pleasure for anyone interested in the economic history of the twentieth century." — Victoria Curzon-Price, University of Geneva	<urn:uuid:77fb3702-4afd-48c8-84e8-179354b8ccad>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.isi.org/(S(lll5yw45xxjlr2550gkmg245))/books/bookdetail.aspx?id=0335abed-ac37-4b09-8a02-53bd89930250	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368710006682/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516131326-00038-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.952909	714	2.109375	2
The latest US employment data has confirmed that the American economy is on the path to recovery after the recession of 2008-2009, despite the slowdown engulfing other G20 nations. Indeed, the pace of private sector job growth has been much stronger in this recovery than after the 2001 recession and is comparable to the resurgence after the 1990-1991 slump. In the last 31 months, private sector employment rose by 5.2 million and the unemployment rate is now below 8% for the first time in nearly four years. But it is still more than two percentage points above the long-run value that most economists view as normal when the economy is operating near its potential. Moreover, the number of long-term unemployed (27 weeks or longer) is about 40% of the total – the lowest share since 2009 but still far higher than at any time since the 1930s Great Depression and about double what it would be in a normal labour market. So the US labour market, while healing, is still far from where it should be. That is partly because the job losses since the 2008 financial crisis were so large – twice as large as any recession since the Great Depression. In terms of US economic history, what is abnormal is not the pace of private sector job growth since the 2008-2009 recession ended, but rather the length and depth of the recession itself. The downturn was a distinctive balance-sheet recession that caused sizeable declines in household wealth and necessitated painful deleveraging. Consistent with recoveries from such recessions, demand has grown slowly, despite unprecedented fiscal and monetary stimulus, and that explains why the unemployment rate remains high. Indeed, businesses cite uncertainty about the strength of demand, not uncertainty about regulation or taxation, as the main factor holding back job creation. Public sector demand has also contracted, owing to state and local governments' deteriorating budgets. As a result, public employment, which usually rises during recoveries, has been a major contributor to high unemployment during the last three years. Despite a modest uptick in the last three months, government employment is 569,000 below its June 2009 level – a 30-year low as a share of the adult civilian population. According to Hamilton Project calculations, if this share were at its 1980-2012 average of about 9.6% (it was actually higher between 2001 and 2007), there would be about 1.4 million more public sector jobs and the unemployment rate would be around 6.9%. Recent reports suggest that there are more than three million unfilled job openings, and about 49% of employers say that they have difficulty filling positions, especially in information technology, engineering, and skilled trades. This has fanned speculation that a "mismatch" between workers' skills and employers' needs is a significant factor behind the elevated unemployment rate. But there is scant evidence to support this view. The relationship between the unemployment rate and the job vacancy rate is consistent with patterns in previous recoveries. Nor is there anything unusual about the size of mismatches between job openings and worker availability by industry. Such industrial mismatches become larger during recessions, reflecting greater churn in the labour market as workers move between shrinking and expanding sectors; but they decline as the economy recovers. This pattern also characterises the current recovery, and recent data suggest that mismatches between the demand and supply of labour by industry are back to pre-recession levels. But, as the US economy recovers, technological change is accelerating, fuelling demand for more skills at a time when the workforce's educational attainment levels have plateaued. This is the real skills gap that existed before the 2008 recession – and it is getting worse over time. The gap manifests itself in much higher unemployment rates for high school-educated workers than for college-educated workers at every stage of the business cycle. The gap also shows up in significant – and rising – inequality between the earnings of high school-educated workers and those with a college degree or higher. Earnings gains have been especially strong for those with tertiary degrees, while the real wages of high school-educated workers, especially men, have fallen sharply. It is becoming increasingly difficult for workers with low levels of educational attainment to find high-paying jobs in any sector, even when the economy is operating near full capacity. The US was the world leader in high school and college graduation rates for much of the twentieth century. Today it ranks in the middle of the OECD countries. A major factor behind that relative decline has been the US school system's failure to ensure high-quality education for disadvantaged Americans, particularly children from poor, minority, and immigrant households. According to the most recent census, about one-quarter of children under the age of six live in poverty. They are less likely to have access to early childhood programmes that prepare them for school, and are more likely to attend schools that have high student/teacher ratios and that cannot attract and retain skilled teachers. As a result of these and other problems, the average American secondary school student receives inadequate preparation in core subjects such as writing, mathematics, and analytical reasoning, which in turn reduces college enrolment and completion rates. The US experience is consistent with OECD evidence that students from countries with greater income inequality score lower on academic achievement tests. And a recent study by McKinsey suggests that the gaps in educational opportunity and attainment by income impose the equivalent of a permanent recession of 3-5% of GDP on the US economy. To address the skills gap, the US must boost the educational attainment of current and future workers. That means investing more in education at all levels – in early childhood education programmes, elementary and secondary schools, community colleges, trade school programs for specific jobs in specific sectors, and financial aid for higher education. Above all, it means addressing the income disparities in educational opportunity and attainment.	<urn:uuid:1f3e5e0c-9e39-4e48-aab2-8125d31ac9f2>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.guardian.co.uk/business/2012/oct/17/us-employment-data-recession-recovery	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368697974692/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516095254-00039-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.969678	1,180	2.6875	3
The popularity of housing trust funds is attributable in large part to their inherent flexibility. They can be designed to serve the most critical housing needs in each community, whatever those may be – from establishing long term affordable rental housing for families with the lowest incomes to supporting homeownership, funding new construction as well as rehabilitation that can revitalize neighborhoods, and addressing the needs of special populations. Defining the key elements of your housing trust fund proposal is a critical first step toward establishing a housing trust fund that will be efficient, effective, and responsive to your community’s needs. Your proposal will identify who will administer it, what and who the fund will support, and how it will be funded. Each of these elements must be included for an effective proposal, including some distinct details discussed below. Usually, an elected body (state legislature, county commission or city council) establishes a housing trust fund by passing a resolution, ordinance or legislation. To become law, the proposal must typically go through several steps. These steps not only vary from one jurisdiction to another but may also vary within any given jurisdiction, depending on the details of what is being proposed. A proposal must be “meaty” enough that it can be turned into a law that creates the housing trust fund you want. It must include each element you consider essential. For example, if you want the fund to benefit those who earn less than 50% of median income, then this requirement must written into the law establishing the fund. If you want the fund to be used for rental assistance, or if you want nonprofit organizations to be eligible for funding, this should be clearly stated. But there are limits. If the law is too detailed, the fund cannot adapt to future challenges, accommodate needed changes, or operate as a flexible, creative instrument. Remember that those who administer and oversee the trust may not be as supportive and excited about its potential as you are. Therefore, to ensure that the fund does what it was intended to do, your proposal needs to include what your group sees as the most important objectives and elements. Even if the current climate is very supportive, this may not always be the case, and what is actually passed into law is the most protection you have of ensuring the sustainability of an effective housing trust fund. There are two objectives here. First, you want to develop a good proposal that will create the housing trust fund needed in your community. The goal is to put on the table your group’s ideal housing trust fund. Second, your group needs to understand which elements are essential. Some parts of a trust fund are desirable, even important, but your group may be willing to compromise on them. But if other aspects are not part of the fund, you may decide to stop advocating for it. A clear example here is whom the fund will benefit. If it is not going to serve your constituency, then it probably is not worth your time. It is these uncompromising elements that should be well understood and agreed upon when your campaign begins.	<urn:uuid:98bd5b85-4c75-4c1c-b5de-dc60cd91371e>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://housingtrustfundproject.org/htf-elements/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368705953421/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516120553-00036-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.966306	611	1.796875	2
Common Conditions and Treatments Heart and vascular conditions may include the following. There are others not listed here and you should always speak with a physician about any symptoms you are experiencing. Blockage occurs when deposits form on vessels leading to and from the heart. Surgical remedies may include open-heart surgery to attach new vessels (bypass). Other procedures include angioplasty which uses an expandable instrument to enlarge a vessel as well as placing stents to open vessels. Heart attack (myocardial infarction) occurs when a blocked vessel has shut off circulation to an area of the heart. This serious event can cause heart tissue damage, but many of those effects can often heal with appropriate and rapid intervention. Vascular blockage occurs when vessels that nourish organs, such as the kidneys, become blocked. Surgically placed stents can often halt the damage to organ systems by restoring blood flow. Thrombosis is a condition caused by the appearance of blood clots. When they form in the brain, they may lead to stroke. Clots in other parts of the body may be called Deep Vein Thrombosis, or DVT, which may cause pain or swelling. Aneurysm describes a weak or bulging artery wall usually caused by cholesterol-containing fatty deposits Cholesterol management, through diet, exercise and medications, can help reduce complications to the heart and blood vessels caused by fatty deposits. Stroke causes a disruption in the brain that results from a circulatory problem, such as a clot a clot forms in the brain (ischemic stroke) or when there is bleeding (hemorrhagic stroke). Rapid response is critical to reduce the harmful effects of these disturbances and may include medication to dissolve the clot. Carotid (neck) artery blockage can threaten the blood supply to the brain. Procedures may improve circulation and may include minimally invasive surgery. Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) occurs when circulation to the arms, legs or other areas is reduced because of narrowed blood vessels. It can cause symptoms such as leg pain when walking. Quitting smoking may lead to improvement. Other treatments may include cholesterol-lowering medications and blood-pressure lowering medications. High blood pressure (hypertension) occurs when the pressure inside the blood vessels is too high. This condition places enormous stress on the heart and other organs and may cause the heart to become enlarged and lead to congestive heart failure. It can lead to kidney failure and dialysis if not treated. Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) occurs when the heart is unable to work properly, leading to extreme fatigue and shortness of breath. Mitral valve conditions may result from disease, degeneration or a congenital defect and can lead to fatigue and shortness of breath. Treatment includes surgical repair or replacement of the mitral valve, often through robotically-assisted minimally invasive procedures. The East Carolina Heart Institute 115 Heart Drive Greenville NC 27834 252 744 4400 866 401 ECHI (3244) Visit the East Carolina Heart Institute	<urn:uuid:b609e65e-1991-41ba-8265-a29bb5b7d444>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.ecu.edu/cs-dhs/ecuphysicians/heart/commonconditions.cfm	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368697380733/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516094300-00076-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.936389	639	3.484375	3
By Joe Bolkcom Time to wake up and smell the snake oil! Medicare was created to solve a problem. In old age, people need health care services. This is pretty much guaranteed. Private health insurers want to insure people who are healthy and avoid paying claims. Medicare covers every senior (sick or well) at very low administrative costs because the free market insurance companies can’t do it and make a profit. That’s why Medicare was created in 1965. Mitt Romney and Paul Ryan want to take away the health and economic security of Medicare for people under 55 years of age and for all future seniors. They falsely and dangerously believe that sending seniors out to buy their own health insurance policy will create more competition among insurance companies and this will make care better. We currently have the most competitive, free market health insurance system ever devised in the history of the world for people under 65 years of age. How is that working? For the past 40 years, health care costs have increased annually at two to three times the costs of virtually everything else in the economy. Up to 50 million Americans can’t afford insurance. Health insurance costs are killing small businesses. Every American pays more than twice that of any of our industrialized neighbors that have national health care systems. And by many wellness indicators, including life expectancy, we trail countries with national health systems badly in keeping people healthy and alive. We have free market competition gone wild in health insurance and we really can’t afford any more of it. Medicare has strengthened all families and made the country stronger for almost five decades. Turning future seniors and their families’ health and income security over to private insurance companies and their Wall Street investors is a colossal mistake. Today’s Medicare recipients who benefit from having comprehensive health care now have a responsibility to keep this system intact and strong for future generations. We must reject this cynical and radical Romney-Ryan plan to divide current Medicare recipients from their younger family members and future generations of hardworking Americans who will need this incredibly important government organized program. If we allow them to privatize Medicare, Social Security will be next. Joe Bolkcom, D-Iowa City, is state senator in District 39. Comments: Joe.Bolkcom@legis.state.ia.us	<urn:uuid:4313150d-4fe2-4d87-b96d-3863ef41080a>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://thegazette.com/2012/08/26/romneyryan-medicare-plan-bad-for-americas-health/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368711005985/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516133005-00071-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.957092	471	1.53125	2
Water runs through almost every aspect of life in British Columbia, from fulfilling our drinking water needs to supporting diverse aquatic ecosystems, to providing recreational, social, and economic opportunities, it is not surprising that we consider water our most precious natural resource. Unfortunately, a lack of comprehensive legislation (around both surface and groundwater) and sustainable use practices has placed British Columbia’s precious water resources under increasing threat. Changes to instream flow, and temperature regimes due to the over allocation of water for industrial, agricultural and individual use can have drastic consequences for fish and aquatic ecosystems. Tough legislation, combined with increased monitoring, and research is necessary to ensure adequate water resources are protected and available to perform necessary ecosystem functions (eg regulating river temperature) and combat the uncertainties of climate change. Currently, the provincial government is engaged in the Water Act Modernization process that has promised to deliver a new provincial Water Act in 2011 and Watershed Watch has been working with other provincial groups to ensure the new act contains strong protection measures for groundwater and promotes truly sustainable use of this vital natural resource.	<urn:uuid:16c50bdc-ad89-4bc6-ad67-36761ce77a23>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.watershed-watch.org/issues/water/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368697380733/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516094300-00053-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.924172	212	3.140625	3
Lake stratification is the dividing of lake water, or formation of water layers based on salinity and temperature. Colder water is at the bottom of a lake while warmer water is at the top. When water is stratified it causes unhealthy side effects for the lake. These problems include: dying fish, foul odors, excessive weed growth, cloudy water, and excessive algae growth, all which result from low oxygen levels. The best way to increase the levels of oxygen in a lake is with aeration. This can be accomplished with lake fountains and aeration systems. By maintaining proper oxygen levels in the lake: the breakdown of organic matter is quicker allowing good bacteria to thrive; a healthy ecosystem is maintained; and if operated during freezing months, will keep areas of lake from freezing allowing gases to escape and sunlight to enter. The lower levels of the water that are cooler and the warmer water do not naturally mix. The lower levels are not conducive to healthy marine life, but can be home to non-beneficial bacteria that release noxious gases into the water which is what makes some ponds smell badly. When the oxygen level stayed down at the lower levels, it required marine life to live only in the upper levels of the pond. This increases the demand and use of oxygen at this level, putting a strain on the water without additions of oxygen through aeration. Lake fountains can float on the top of the water or be a diffused system that pumps water from the bottom of the lake to the surface. Whether you need one or the other depends on the depth of your lake. Shallow lakes respond well to floating lake fountains, while deeper lakes seem to need the diffused system to pump the largest volumes of water to the surface. In both systems water is introduced to the air and gets oxygen which it brings back down to the water. Floating lake fountains take the water from the top couple of feet, while the diffuser forces water down creating bubbles that then float to the surface. The current created by the rising bubbles brings low oxygenated deeper waters to the surface mixing it with oxygen rich water. In addition to oxygen levels being increased, harmful gases in the water are released from the lake. Whenever a healthy, balanced lake ecosystem is desired, using lake fountains for aeration is the solution. Category: Pond and Lake Fountains	<urn:uuid:5742becf-65d6-4f9d-9983-b4c3a9686ee4>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.kineticfountains.com/articles/lake-fountains-can-also-be-aeration-devices/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368697974692/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516095254-00039-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.938924	485	3.65625	4
Don't Focus Solely on the Constitution By Ethan J. Leib and Michael Serota, USA Today The political rhetoric and popular media coverage of Elena Kagan's confirmation hearings has been filled with significant debate over matters of constitutional law. We've heard questions and answers (or non-answers) about the freedom of speech, about executive power, about balancing national security against constitutional rights, about guns, about religion, and about abortion. No doubt this form of inquiry is appropriate; senators are entitled to get some handle on Kagan's constitutional vision, even if President Obama's nominating her tells them most of what they need to know. Many of the Supreme Court's most controversial decisions involve questions of constitutional law, and they are the types of judicial opinions that are most salient to the public. The Senate Judiciary Committee has been appropriately doing due diligence for the people, whose interests they represent. But what the people and the senators doing the questioning should know — but seem not to — is that the Supreme Court's docket is chock full of very consequential cases for Americans' lives that do not involve constitutional interpretation at all. A quick look at the statistics published annually by the Harvard Law Review for the last three terms reveals that more than half of Justice Kagan's work on the Court would be filled with questions of statutory interpretation, or the way in which judges derive meaning from the text of statutes. And yet we spend very little time pressing justices-to-be on how they would interpret the primary set of legal rules that govern life in America. In the abstract, statutory interpretation sounds simple enough: just apply the written statute to the facts in the same way that the proverbial umpire calls balls and strikes. In reality, however, most of the statutes that make it all the way to the Supreme Court provide no easy answers. And the "interpretation wars" surrounding statutes are no less vituperative than the wars about constitutional interpretation, even if they are hidden from view from the average American. Yet the average American's life is touched at least as much by issues of statutory interpretation — statutes control our paychecks, our working conditions, our criminal justice system, our social services programs, our healthcare, our pensions, the health of our economy – as it is touched by constitutional issues. Who can you sue and for what when your pension manager mismanages your funds? That's a statutory question. How does federal education money get distributed to the states? Statutory question, again. What constitutes "discrimination" that allows minorities and women to sue employers under our civil rights protections? Recent statutory interpretation cases before the Supreme Court have controlled the answers to these questions, not constitutional law. Although you are unlikely to ever hear conservative or liberal pundits discuss methods of statutory interpretation, countless pages in judicial opinions, law reviews and hours in the law school classroom have been dedicated to heated debate over the appropriate ways in which judges derive meaning from statutes. As a general matter, there are three main schools of thought. One approach, known as "textualism," emphasizes the words of the statute alone, while another, known as "intentionalism," emphasizes Congress's intent in passing the statute as evidenced in its legislative history (the recorded record of congressional debates). A third approach, known as "purposivism," emphasizes a statute's overriding purpose as the benchmark for hard cases, which seeks historical context and an assessment of the mischief a statute is targeted to ameliorate. There are strong arguments for and against each of these three approaches (and permutations thereof), and the approach chosen is often — though not always — outcome-determinative when it comes to the cases before the Supreme Court. Finally, there are also "rules of thumb" that judges often use to divine meaning — but that don't quite qualify as "law," so routinely fall below the radar in our assessment of judicial nominees. For example, some judges (like Justices Ruth Bader Ginsburg and Antonin Scalia) take what is called the "Rule of Lenity" very seriously and think criminal defendants should get the benefit of any textual ambiguity that arises in a criminal statue. Others (like Justices Stephen Breyer and John Paul Stevens) think that if congressional intent in a statutory context is reasonably clear, defendants must suffer the consequences unless a "grievous ambiguity" arises in the application of a law. These conflicting positions on statutory approaches not only lead to more interesting alliances than the often-discussed 5-4 constitutional decisions that neatly track conservative/liberal positions, but they too are often outcome-determinative. Thus, statutory interpretation matters a lot and has significant consequences for the everyday lives of Americans — and we can't know Kagan's approach without asking. Although the now infamous Robert Bork debacle makes it seem less and less likely that nominees will provide their actual views on substantive matters of law, we can and should demand to know how they reason through statutory texts to find meaning. Instead of focusing on the constitutional debates surrounding abortion and guns — domains for which Kagan surely has ready-to-go scripted answers — it is time to shine a spotlight on the unsung but equally consequential territory of our republic of statutes. Ethan J. Leib is a Visiting Associate Professor of Law at UC-Berkeley and is a Professor of Law at UC-Hastings College of the Law; Michael Serota, a recent graduate of UC-Berkeley Law, will be clerking for the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Armed Forces this fall.	<urn:uuid:6e923a82-d2dc-4ab5-a629-3f73da3ff26a>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.law.berkeley.edu/8762.htm	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368703682988/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516112802-00050-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.953917	1,125	1.890625	2
On Sept 22, 1862 the Emancipation Proclamation was issued by President Abraham Lincoln and declared that on Jan. 1, 1863, "all persons held as slaves within any State or designated part of a State the people whereof shall then be in rebellion against the United States shall be then, thenceforward, and forever free..." "We think it's important to celebrate the signing of the Emancipation Proclamation," said Ken Reaves, the president of the Emancipation Proclamation Committee in Bartow County. "We can look back ... and see how far God has brought us as a people. Not to look back in anger but to look back in remembrance." The service featured a musical section including "Lift Every Voice and Sing," "We Shall Overcome," and various other songs performed the church's choir. "I can remember the fountains when they were colored," said Nancy Beasley, who has been a member of the committee since 1950. "I can remember the time when if you were walking on the sidewalk and a group of whites said to get off you had to move. My daddy was one who said, 'Don't move, stay on the sidewalk. We pay taxes too.' "This [service] gives us an opportunity or platform for our enlightening [the youth] on how slavery was," she said. "How people banded together and worked together so we could overcome as the song says." The guest speaker for the event was Rev. Walter Gregory. "It's a time of reflection," Gregory said before the service. "I was given a theme, 'Ashamed of, or inspired by your history.' Certainly the African-American history in America in particular and Bartow County and Cartersville is a rich history. I think that there are some parallels in the Bible with the history of the Israelites ... in particular how they got to Egypt and the circumstances surrounding them coming out of Egypt ... and so I wish to point to that today to understand there is nothing in our history certainly to be ashamed of but to be inspired by. The lessons of life are not in what we possess and how much we can accumulate, but is what we learn from our past. "We should never, never ever forget," he said. "We should pass along the rich traditions of our history to our children ... we do have a lot to be proud of and we should draw upon that for our future aspirations ... Always aspire to do your best no matter what circumstances you have to go through in life. Never give up. Hold on to your dreams." During the celebration several members of the community were presented awards for their accomplishments. The celebration program was dedicated to Beasley who received 12 roses -- each to represent a different aspect of her character. "I think those who get to know Nancy Beasley know that she's a person of great integrity and this is really showing our appreciation and our love for her," Reaves said. Other awards included a scholarship given to Malcom Johnson -- who is a Woodland High School graduate and current Valdosta State University student. The Mentor Award was given to Adrienne Harris and the Citizenship Award was given to Mary Kitchens. "We thought it was a good turn out -- a lot of young people here," said Reaves after the celebration. "That's what we want -- a lot young people to come out to learn about this celebration. "They've been doing it for over 80 years which is really a testament to the fortitude and the commitment of the folks here in Bartow County."	<urn:uuid:13d59354-a9d2-41dc-b6c9-3c44b0b5bce8>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.daily-tribune.com/pages/full_story/push?article-County+celebrates+anniversary+of+Emancipation+Proclamation%20&id=16954218&instance=main_article	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368696381249/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516092621-00036-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.982001	736	2.96875	3
Henry B. Hoff, CG, FASG, FGBS: “Becoming a Genealogist” - New Release in Voices of Genealogy Video Series Arlington, VA, 24 August 2012: The National Genealogical Society is pleased to announce the August celebration of the 100th anniversary of the National Genealogical Society Quarterly (NGSQ) with the release of Henry B. Hoff’s story of Becoming a Genealogist. One of five editors featured in the Voices of Genealogy series, Hoff is distinguished for his role in editing two of the nation’s leading genealogical journals. He served as trustee editor of The New York Genealogical and Biographical Record (with Harry Macy as associate editor) from 1986 to 1998 and as consulting editor from 1998 to 2001 (with Harry Macy as editor). In 2001 he became editor of the New England Historic Genealogical Register. His contributions to New York genealogy are enormous, particularly in his writings on Long Island families and early Dutch families in New York. He is noted also for his studies on families of the West Indies. In recognition of his achievements, Henry B. Hoff was named a fellow of the American Society of Genealogists in 1979 and of the New York Genealogical and Biographical Society in 1993. He first earned the certified genealogist credential in 1979. Previous releases featuring important editors of genealogical journals and now playing at the NGS website (http://www.ngsgenealogy.org) are John Frederick Dorman, CG (Emeritus), FASG, FNGS, FVGS (The Virginia Genealogist); David L. Greene, Ph.D., FASG, (The American Genealogist); Harry Macy, FASG, FGBS (The NYG&B Record); and George Ely Russell, CG, FASG, FNGS (The National Genealogical Society Quarterly). The Henry B. Hoff video was produced by award winning filmmakers Kate Geis and Allen Moore from an interview by Melinde Lutz Byrne, CG, FASG, co-editor of the National Genealogical Society Quarterly. Henry B. Hoff, CG, FASG, FGBS, “Becoming a Genealogist,” is now playing for all NGS members at http://www.ngsgenealogy.org. Video interviews with leading genealogists represent just one of the many opportunities NGS offers its members for honing their skills. Members receive the society’s outstanding quarterly publications, the National Genealogical Society Quarterly and the NGS Magazine, and can also take advantage of free courses and significant discounts on publications, courses, and the NGS annual conference to take place in Las Vegas, Nevada, 8-11 May 2013; Richmond, Virginia, 7-10 May 2014; and St. Louis, Missouri, 13-16 May 2015. Founded in 1903, the National Genealogical Society is dedicated to genealogy education, high research standards, and the preservation of genealogical records. The Arlington, Virginia-based nonprofit is the premier national society for everyone, from the beginner to the most advanced family historian seeking excellence in publications, educational offerings, research guidance, and opportunities to interact with other genealogists. If you enjoyed this article, please share it with others. Tweet it, share it on Google+, Facebook or on your preferred social network. Republishing of this article in newsletters, blogs, and elsewhere is allowed and encouraged, with a few minor restrictions. Details may be found at http://goo.gl/hoHH1. Of course, if you haven’t done so already, you should join my email newsletter mailing list to stay current on my latest articles and announcements. You can also cancel at any time within seconds. You also might like to leave a comment below.	<urn:uuid:94c59612-fce8-476c-9af4-9e855b11bd89>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://blog.eogn.com/eastmans_online_genealogy/2012/08/ngs-releases-new-becoming-a-genealogist-video-with-henry-b-hoff.html	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368697380733/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516094300-00074-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.935878	803	1.742188	2
Eco friendly, Non-Toxic Caulk Substitutes Conventional caulk are cheap to produce, containing toluene and hexane. Here is a more efficient caulking compound – the non-toxic ones. This one does not contain toxic volatile organic compounds (VOCs) such as toluene and hexane. AFMSafeCoat is the company that produces a caulking compound which is no ordinary one. This compound is water-resistant, flexible sealant with excellent adhesion. Their caulk is a unique one. It is claimed that this caulk will neither dry out nor crack, and it does not release any solvents. It can be safely used in sinks, showers, around pipes, and between walls and woodwork. You can purchase it from the Environmental Home Center for $6.50 per tube. Via: Goto Reviews	<urn:uuid:7c96a594-96a5-4aff-aff1-4c30526dcf66>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.ecofriend.com/eco-friendly-non-toxic-caulk-substitutes.html	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368706153698/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516120913-00042-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.915868	181	1.65625	2
Look Before You Eat (May, 1951) Look Before You Eat IF you’re a shy gourmet, constantly confused and embarrassed by super-duper menus in fancy restaurants, Keene’s English Chop House in New York City is the eating spot for you. They’ve discovered a way to show you exactly what each item looks like before you order it. How do they do it? Well, the eating place has several 35-mm plastic stereoptican viewers with built-in light sources. The waiter brings you one of these with a collection of color slides showing mouthwatering views of choice foods on the menu. Then, you make your choiceâ€”after re-checking the price, of course. Keene’s reports that about half of their new customers are eager to make use of this “Viand Viewer.” And the famous chop house has found only one fault with the deviceâ€”it makes customers impatient.	<urn:uuid:a00ef48e-f119-4fda-bb0a-22fe90df964b>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://blog.modernmechanix.com/look-before-you-eat/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368697380733/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516094300-00046-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.928359	205	1.625	2
News Search Results June 8, 2012 \| Journal Article Findings from a thought leader dialogue outline important application in mental health and education research, with the aim to close the gap between research and practice. February 1, 2011 \| Journal Article Project SHIFA is a school-based mental health promotion program for Somali youth. The project uses school environments and parents, teachers and primary care physicians to introduce youth to the mental health services available to them. October 1, 2010 \| Journal Article This paper describes the work of the United Teen Equality Center (UTEC) in Lowell, Massachusetts. Street outreach workers at UTEC establish relationships with violent youth, in particular gang members. The authors conducted interviews with UTEC staff, SWs, and partner organizations. May 1, 2009 \| Journal Article This article examined how three local family support programs implemented state standards for cultural sensitivity. The authors used data from a large-scale evaluation that produced an ethnographic study of each program.	<urn:uuid:0897a5cb-3c57-4fc9-b3aa-8fed87ee8295>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.rwjf.org/en/about-rwjf/program-areas/vulnerable-populations/news-search-results.html?d=states_and_territories%3A585	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368710006682/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516131326-00028-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.903171	198	1.742188	2
- ICC VATICAN PROSECUTION - Our Issues - Learn More - Get Involved - Our Cases - About Us Pelican Bay Security Housing Unit (SHU) prisoners have organized to combat cruel conditions of confinement, and… June 12, 2013, New York – Today, Center for Constitutional Rights attorneys and co-counsel issued… June 12, 2013, New Orleans – Last night, in a federal class action lawsuit filed… Since 1999, the Center for Constitutional Rights (CCR) has been fighting on the ground and in the courts to end the exploitative telephone contract between New York State and MCI/Verizon which charged family members 630 percent more for collect phone calls from their loved ones in prison than the average consumer. This year, after three years of tireless work, we won! Single-carrier collect call systems are the norm for telephone service in prisons across the United States. Prisoners may only call collect, and loved ones who accept the calls must accept the terms dictated by the chosen phone company. At a time when prisoners are increasingly housed in facilities hundreds of miles away from their home communities, telephones become for many the only way to stay in touch. The New York Campaign for Telephone Justice thinks this isn’t just wrong—it’s illegal. Typically, states receive kickback commissions from the phone companies who receive the contract, creating a situation in which there is no incentive to seek competitive bids. Not surprisingly, rates for such calls are well above market rates – as much as six dollars per minute. The phone companies and prison officials justify the high prices by saying there is a need for added security measures for phone calls from prisons, but there is little evidence to justify this claim, especially since calls from all federal prisons cost just seven cents a minute. What the records actually show is that companies and states often make millions of dollars in profits from surcharges and inflated per-minute rates. In New York State, 57.5 percent of the profits – over $200 million since 1996 – were kicked back to the state in the form of commissions. Meanwhile, the effect upon prisoners’ loved ones is profound. With inflated per-minute charges compounded by various extra surcharges, families often find themselves owing hundreds or even thousands of dollars a month. Disproportionately, prisoners come from poor communities, and the burden of staying in touch falls heaviest on those with the least ability to pay. Phone companies recognize this: they reserve the right to cut off service without notice if they see extra activity on an account and decide those accepting the charges may not be able to pay. Those who are allowed to accept calls face staggering bills and must often choose between basic necessities and the chance to speak with their loved ones. These exploitative phone contracts are also unjustifiable as a matter of public policy. The profits returned to the states are treated as income—in New York, they are said to pay for basic prisoner services such as health care and release clothes. This system is analogous to an unlegislated, regressive, and highly selective tax, under which specific individuals are asked to bear the financial burdens that are the proper responsibility of the State. By imposing such burdens on families of prisoners, the practice resembles a form of collective punishment. After CCR began hearing from families that they could not afford to speak to their loved ones due to monthly phone bills in the hundreds of dollars, we launched the New York Campaign for Telephone Justice (NYCTJ) in 2004 to organize families across the state to demand an end to the contract. Working with prison family organizations, we coordinated an extensive campaign that involved grassroots organizing, numerous lawsuits, media outreach, and legislative advocacy. This year, after three years of tireless work, we won. In April 2007, as a direct result of CCR’s organizing and advocacy, New York Governor Eliot Spitzer eliminated the State’s 57.5 percent profit share commission and reduced the prison telephone rates by 50 percent. This reduction in rates impacted thousands of families across New York State, whose monthly bills have been cut in half. And in June 2007, after years of pressure from CCR, the New York State Legislature finally passed the Family Connections bill, which makes it law that the State will not profit from any future prison telephone contract and that any future contract instead must “prioritize the lowest cost to the consumer.” Practically speaking, this means the 2008 contract will likely include even lower rates for families. We continue to fight the legal battle with our case Walton v. NYSDOCS and MCI. This year, CCR argued the case before the New York State Court of Appeals, the highest court in New York State. The case seeks a court judgment that the State’s commission is unlegislated and, therefore, unconstitutional. If we win this case, it would prevent future legislatures from creating similar contracts and would provide an opportunity for impacted families to seek damages. We hope, too, that our victory in New York will impact families across the country. Despite the gains we have made in New York State, prison telephone contracts throughout the United States still continue to charge exorbitant rates and exploit inmate and their families. CCR will continue to fight to ensure the end of all exploitative prison telephone contracts so that no one will have to choose between basic necessities and maintaining contact with their loved ones.	<urn:uuid:bf3c497b-2ccc-4d8f-9cc8-85fce74cef34>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.ccrjustice.org/learn-more/faqs/factsheet%3A-corporate-exploitation-and-prison-system	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368711005985/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516133005-00016-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.957736	1,114	1.65625	2
NB: Nothing in this post detracts from the loss of 20 young lives in CT in such tragic circumstances. Once again, the world has a shooting, I say the world, because it doesn’t only happen in the USA. But I am going to look at three recent American incidents. First question that we must ask, it why a school, a mall and a movie theatre? The answer is simple, a school because guns are not permitted in schools, a mall because guns were not permitted, and the movie theatre, the same, no guns. So any gunman knows that he will not immediately be confronted and killed. It is for this reason that you don’t see crazed gunmen attacking a police station, or a military academy, or a university (most have campus police, with guns). Defenseless institutions are chosen. The reason these institutions are chosen is because GUNS ARE BANNED! And the current uproar is to ban more guns and make more institutions defenseless, thereby adding to the range of choices for deranged gunmen. I fail to see the logic. Obviously, so do you. The NRA tells us that “when guns are outlawed, only outlaws will have guns.” Now, you may think that the NRA is self serving, but they are quite right, you only have to look around the world at countries that have tight gun laws; in those countries, ONLY the outlaws have guns. In using the term ‘outlaws’ I also include crazy people. Take a look at Switzerland. Every house has a gun because someone in that household is on the military reserve and has their weapon at home. Strange, I have never heard of a crazy shooting or a house invaded by armed criminals there. Which goes a long way to supporting the NRA hypothesis. The problem is a mental health problem, nothing to do with guns at all. If you care to read the following post: “Honest Voices Begin To Appear (CT)” by Karl Denninger, you will see that we should be shouting “Ban drugging kids with Prozac” and not banning guns. This post talks very clearly about what has changed in the lat 30 years, and it’s not the availability guns, it’s the availability prescription drugs, antidepressants, drugs that induce suicidal tendencies. These drugs are being fed to our kids like candy. If you care to read further, try this post: “CT School Shootings; Facts Before Hype” by the same author. This post talks about the psychiatric make up of a deranged shooter and supports my views as above. Look at this quote from the post: “Occasionally, however, their plans go awry. For instance, in Oregon. “He was working on his rifle,” said Meli. “He kept pulling the charging handle and hitting the side.” The break in gunfire allowed Meli to pull out his own gun, but he never took his eyes off the shooter. “I’m not beating myself up cause I didn’t shoot him,” said Meli. “I know after he saw me I think the last shot he fired was the one he used on himself.” Indeed the shooter did shoot himself next, despite having multiple additional unarmed people available near him to continue his rampage, along with additional cartridges, once he unjammed the gun. Why? He saw the man who, despite a sign claiming that there were no guns in the mall, was in fact armed and able to return fire. The assailant’s illusion of a free-fire zone where all the people he wanted to shoot were free from the risk of returning fire had been dispelled; had he elected to shoot another unarmed and helpless individual the odds are good that he would have exposed himself to being shot as he would have had to move in a fashion that would have given the CCW holder a clear shot at him. As such he elected to take his own life since he knew, at that point, that he no longer had the ability to continue to murder people without reprisal.” There was a gun present, despite signs in the mall saying there wouldn’t be. This disrupted the shooter’s plans, his only way out was suicide and that may have saved a lot more people being killed. They were saved by the presence of a gun! So ignore the headlines, cut the hysteria, try thinking rationally. Even Obama is being hysteric. Headline: ‘Obama seeking gun reform solution.’ While Obama’s tears may have been the tears of a father, they were mixed with crocodile tears eying the next election and scoring Brownie Points for the Democratic team. Obama is playing on the people’s hysteria. The answers are there, hysteria is stopping us from finding them.	<urn:uuid:4b3d8340-729e-4627-acd5-0d873c7f706e>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://avgenes.wordpress.com/2012/12/18/headlines-hysteria/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368697974692/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516095254-00037-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.982891	1,022	1.617188	2
US military suspends combat patrols with Afghan forces The US military today suspended most of its combat patrols with Afghan forces as the green-on-blue, or insider attacks by Afghan security personnel on Coalition troops, continue to spike. The training of Afghan forces and their partnering with US troops has been the cornerstone of the Obama administration's strategy to hand over security to the Afghans as the US completes its withdrawal by 2014. "The order effectively suspends 'until further notice' most of the operations which US and Afghan troops conduct side by side," CBS News reported today. "At higher headquarters, Afghans and Americans will still work together, but in the field small unit operations putting Afghan soldiers alongside Americans ... will be suspended unless an exception is granted by a commanding general." Operations by units below the battalion level have been suspended, according to The New York Times. However most of the engagements against the Taliban and allied groups in Afghanistan occur at the small-unit level -- the squad, platoon, and company. It is unclear if the order applies to other militaries in the International Security Assistance Force, NATO's command in Afghanistan. The suspension of combined US and Afghan combat operations takes place just over two weeks after the US Special Operations Command shut down the training of more than 1,000 new Afghan Local Police recruits due to the increase in murders of their personnel by their Afghan partners. The Afghan Local Police force is an initiative that provides support to Afghans so they can furnish security for their own villages. The ALP have been described as vital to ISAF's strategy. The ALP are to provide security in key districts as foreign troops continue withdrawing from Afghanistan. Today's order to suspend cooperation between US and Afghan forces in the field was issued after three green-on-blue attacks over the past three days resulted in the deaths of four US soldiers and two British troops. The latest insider attack took place on the evening of Sept. 16. An Afghan soldier opened fire on a vehicle being driven inside Camp Garmser, a shared base in Helmand province; a foreign civilian worker was wounded in the attack. The attacker thought the vehicle contained NATO troops. According to the Associated Press, another Afghan soldier took the attacker into custody after disarming him. Another attack on Sept. 16, in Zabul province, resulted in the deaths of four USAF troops and the wounding of several more. The attacker, an Afghan policeman, was killed in return fire from another soldier; several other Afghan policemen were wounded. And an attack on Sept. 15 in Helmand province resulted in the deaths of two British soldiers and the wounding of four more. The attacker was killed by return fire. According to The Long War Journal's Special Report, Green-on-Blue attacks in Afghanistan: the data, insider attacks account for 15% of Coalition casualties so far this year. There have been a total of 59 such attacks on Coalition forces since 2008, and they have occurred in 18 of Afghanistan's 34 provinces, with the vast majority of the attacks taking place in Helmand province (16 attacks) followed by Kandahar province (9 attacks). Since 2008, insider attacks have killed 114 Coalition troops and affiliates and have wounded 92. The number of attacks has spiked since 2008, starting with 2 attacks reported in 2008; to 5 in 2009; another 5 in 2010; to 15 in 2011; to 32 in 2012. The steep rise in attacks parallels the increased pairing of Coalition troops with Afghan forces in training and mentoring situations, and occurs as the overall number of Coalition troops is sharply declining due to the planned transfer of Afghan security to Afghan forces by 2014. The suspension of combined US and Afghan combat operations took place just one day after General Martin Dempsey, the Chairman of the US Joint Chiefs of Staff, issued an unusually candid statement warning of the gravity of the green-on-blue attacks. "You can't whitewash it. We can't convince ourselves that we just have to work harder to get through it. Something has to change," Dempsey told the Armed Forces Press Service. But US Secretary of Defense Leon Panetta dismissed the green-on-blue attacks as the "last gasp" of the Taliban. The Obama administration has claimed numerous times in the past that the Taliban's "momentum" has been "broken." However, an analysis of the data by The Long War Journal shows that the opposite is true.	<urn:uuid:c9e63fef-90cb-4086-a504-20a2eda7654c>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.longwarjournal.org/archives/2012/09/us_military_suspends_1.php	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368697974692/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516095254-00046-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.967218	888	1.546875	2
3D printing community Shapeways allows their members to upload 3D models, preview them on the website and have them 3D printed in a variety of materials. Until recently, the previews were rendered in OpenGL and were rather bland looking. I was involved in the implementation of Blender on their webservers, in order to generate better quality previews. Here’s a look behind the scenes of this project. Before I begin: this was an awesome project. I had a chance to work together with some great Blender designers and developers. The Shapeways team loved the concept but wasn’t easy to satisfy – a great combination for arriving at a fantastic final product. What did we want to achieve? The original thumbnail previews were rather bland and suffered from OpenGL rendering artifacts. Check out the model below: Most of all, we wanted to show what the design would actually look like when 3D printed. We picked one material (“White Strong and Flexible“) and set off to render this as photo-realistically as we could. This proved to be a challenge as White Strong and Flexible is, well, mostly pure white. Things weren’t made much easier when Product Manager Peter Paul Cornelissen gave us the briefing for the scene design: a white, reflecting background, slightly overexposed, with soft shadows below the object. White on white – oh yeah :) Blender Designer Dolf Veenvliet (Macouno) set off to design the scene and material for us, and after a couple of iterations, working together for an afternoon at the Shapeways offices, and then some more changes, we arrived at our first version. After consulting with the Shapeways Community we learned that they didn’t like our automatic smoothing. If an object is meant to be angular, it should be rendered as such. Fair enough. Here’s how we render the models now: Of course, we had to keep the render time of the scene acceptable as we could soon be rendering thousands of images each day. Seconds matter! The scene now renders in different layers and uses the node compositor to tie them all together. Not many command-line tools can do such tricks ;-) Have another look at some images ‘before and after’: Pretty sweet, right? The ‘Blender Server’ is a combination of three components: - A .blend file containing the scene, lighting and material. We’re still using good ol’ Blender 2.49 for this project as it’s stable and many of the features that we needed aren’t available in 2.50 yet. - A Python script that loads STL or VRML files, and scales the model so it fits in the viewport. The Python script can switch between different scenes, can toggle between different materials or UV texture maps, and can re-orient the models if necessary. - XJ3D to convert X3D files to VRML. Blender’s X3D importer isn’t good enough yet. Each of these components are easy to maintain. Adding more scenes or materials is a definite possibility. Power of Open Source Could we have done this with another tool? I highly doubt it. Using an Open Source tool and having access to Blender developers helped us solve two issues: - Even though Blender already runs on a large number of operating systems, we found that it didn’t work on the Shapeways webservers. Blender Developer Nathan Letwory (JesterKing) made a custom build for us. - We also found that the VRML/X3D import filter that’s distributed along with Blender had some issues that made it hard to implement in our specific scenario. Fortunately it’s written in Python which made it easy to modify. All in all: Open Source (and Blender ;-) FTW! Try it out for yourself! To test-drive the new renderer, check out the Shapeways introduction page for Blender users. Keep in mind that models need to be printable (that is: closed volumes, and not too thin/small) before they’re added to the gallery. Asides from offering more materials and scenes to choose from, we have a few more tricks up our sleeve – more about that another time :) Of course, if you have an über-cool idea of what we can do with this, we’re all ears! Do you need help with your project? - Shapeways Gallery: recently added (note: we’re still re-rendering all the existing thumbnails and are about 30% done!) - Shapeways Materials overview (with some cool video’s for some materials) - A quick introduction to Shapeways for Blender users Disclaimer: while I do work for Shapeways as a freelancer, I wasn’t paid to publish this article.	<urn:uuid:1ae33885-0fa9-47ca-a707-6fce9ec60d41>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.blendernation.com/2010/03/11/shapeways-switches-to-blender-for-on-line-rendering/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368707435344/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516123035-00018-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.932292	1,035	2.078125	2
As Yemen faces multiple political and economic crises, President Barack Obama has announced an increase in U.S. humanitarian aid this year – more than doubling the sum to $42.5 million. The announcement comes as the truce between the government and Houthi rebels in northern Yemen shows signs of fraying and as a secessionist revolt in the south of Yemen becomes more violent. In addition, al Qaeda has established a significant presence in more remote parts of the country, and the unrest in Somalia is a short distance across the Gulf of Aden. “We are deeply troubled by reports of fresh outbreaks of fighting in Sa’ada, and urge full compliance with the ceasefire agreement announced in February, and an end to the violence,” Obama said of the Houthi revolt. The Yemen Interior Ministry said Wednesday that a soldier had been shot dead by a rebel in Sa’ada. Houthi leader Abdulmalik al-Houthi said earlier this week that the government had reneged on an amnesty pledge made in May; reports from Yemen say fewer than a third of about 3,000 Houthi prisoners have been freed. Both sides in the six-year conflict accuse the other of not honoring the ceasefire conditions agreed upon in February. Meanwhile, intelligence analysts say that al Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula (AQAP) poses a threat in several provinces – including Marib and Shabwa - and has found some tribal support because of government heavy-handedness. An airstrike last month ending up killing not its al Qaeda targets in Marib but a prominent local official who had been mediating with local tribes. AQAP includes some Saudi men who were detained at the U.S. military detention facility at Guantanamo Bay – including the group’s deputy leader, Said al-Shihri. It also includes the Yemeni-American preacher Anwar al-Awlaki, who is now in hiding but continuing to release audio and video messages urging American Muslims to wage jihad. And it was AQAP that trained Nigerian would-be airline bomber Umar Farouk AbdulMutallab. Just as troubling to the government of President Ali Abdullah Saleh is the secessionist movement in the deprived south of the country, which al Qaeda may be trying to exploit. Last week, several men armed with machine guns and grenades attacked the intelligence headquarters in Aden, enabling several detainees suspected of links to al Qaeda to escape. Government vehicles have been ambushed and oil pipelines blown up. Military posts have been attacked in Daleh province, the most volatile in the south. In addition to its multiple security challenges, Yemen has massive unemployment, especially among its young men, and a chronic water shortage. The World Bank reported in 2008 that groundwater levels across Yemen were dropping 20-65 feet a year as a rapidly expanding population depended on often illegal wells for their water. The U.S. assistance announced Thursday will provide food, water and sanitation, shelter, and health care to refugees in southern Yemen and nearly 300,000 people displaced by the conflict in the country’s north. The White House has called on other governments to contribute to the United Nations’ Humanitarian Response Plan, which it says “remains woefully underfunded. “ Earlier this week, Britain pledged $150 million in development aid to Yemen. The United States has also called for a comprehensive dialogue between all opposition groups and the ruling party. “Such a dialogue needs to be undertaken in good faith and with haste by all parties,” the White House said Thursday. Events on the ground suggest dialogue is in short supply in Yemen right now.	<urn:uuid:27ce005a-9327-4db3-8b74-05770b13fea3>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://news.blogs.cnn.com/2010/06/24/security-brief-yemen-us-aid/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368701852492/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516105732-00037-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.969975	740	1.914063	2
\| In the 1960s, activism seemed to draw much of America, especially youth, into alternative ways of looking at life, politics, and the world. Demonstrations, teach-ins, and sit-ins occurred throughout the country as citizens became involved in civil rights, peace, environmental, free speech, and anti-Vietnam issues. To some extent, the prevalence of hippie culture was shallow. After the protests were over and the 60's wound up, most teenagers and college students went home, got married, had kids, and preoccupied themselves with advancing their careers (only if they were lucky, of course) and had managed to escape police violence, drug addictions, or prison terms. But at the core of 1960s activism were sincere activists who cared about creating a better, more equal, peaceful world. Today a similar sort of activism is on the rise. On college campuses, students organize rallies and discussions about globalization. In 1999, protesters interrupted the WTO convention in Seattle. This year, progressive groups and world leaders met at the Social World Forum to develop ideas for an alternative world, with alternative development and economic practices. The internet is a fantastic organizing tool that is unique to the new wave of activism. Radical listserves and news sources proliferate as activists discover each others efforts and began to work together. One aspect of the 1960s activism that is conspicuously absent in today's movement is music. Music played an integral role in politicizing and radicalizing Americans in the 1960s. Students at home and even soldiers at the front listened to songs by the Beatles, the Doors, the Rolling Stones, Country Joe McDonald and many others. This part of the movement is noticeably absent in today's anti-globalization/peace movement. With the exception of a few bands and musicians like Spearhead, the Flying Folk Army, and the Raging Grannies (who sing old songs to new lyrics, songs like "There's no business like war business", "The best business we know"), there is very little substantial music for the movement, and certainly none of it is making the pop charts. In order to send a practical message of peace in today's increasingly nonsensical environment of militaristic and economic rhetoric, activists should encourage the production of meaningful music. Music can be a powerful way to spread ideas and change public opinion, as it proved in the 1960s. You must be logged in to add tags. This user has not written anything in his panorama profile yet. Nice article! Adam Fletcher \| Jul 27th, 2003 Hey, this is a good summary of what is going down. I think its really important, though, to emphasize the purpose of today's activism. While many people are stuck on the romanticism of radical activism, few people seem to understand larger reasons for undertaking action. Its not just about protests and boycotts for the sake of protests and boycotts, and its not just anti-globalism for the sake of being anti-global. For many people, its about building a radical democracy, a place where everyone must participate as members, as co-conspirators, and as agitators for the sake of our collective welfare and social empowerment. Purpose is paramount to activism. For resources for social change by and with young people, visit The Freechild Project website today. Music Kelly Landry \| May 29th, 2004 I don't think the movement has yet reached the scale of the '60s, and that's the reason for a lack of the music you write about. This year, however, Incubus's Megalomaniac reached a high position on the charts. I think that as people realize the injustices of the war in Iraq the movements of today will become more mainstream. Also, have you noticed that it was the Baby Boom Generation that was behind the movements of the 60s and now it's the Echo Boom Generation that's behind the movements of today. Sort of ironic, isn't it? You must be a TakingITGlobal member to post a comment. Sign up for free or login	<urn:uuid:3a347284-0f4a-4e6f-938e-5f12cf7f5625>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.tigweb.org/youth-media/panorama/article.html?ContentID=320	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368702810651/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516111330-00026-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.973072	834	2.765625	3
an exhibition at the Barbican Art Gallery, London a film directed by Christopher Hampton Rilke was in love with women who loved hopelessly but persistently. They included Héloise, and Mariana Alcoforado, who wrote the famous Lettres portugaises and turned out to be an enclosed nun but a French literary hack. It’s a pity Rilke didn’t know about Carrington. She fits perfectly into his cherished category. In 1915, at the age of twenty-two, she fell in love with the homosexual writer Lytton Strachey, and the rest of her life was devoted to making him happy. She went so far as to marry Ralph Partridge, a young man whom Strachey loved and who was crazy about her. She did it so that she should never be separated from Strachey, and she never was. She said she was his pen-wiper, and gave him one embroidered “Use me.” Carrington, Strachey, and Partridge formed a ménage à trois that lasted until Strachey’s death eleven years later. By that time it had become a ménage à quatre to include Frances Marshall. Carrington liked Frances, Partridge loved her, and after Carrington’s death he married her. In 1931 Strachey developed stomach cancer. As he lay dying and disoriented, Carrington sponged his face and heard him whisper: “Carrington, why isn’t she here? I want her. Darling Carrington, I love her, I always wanted to marry Carrington, and I never did.” Michael Holroyd quotes these words in his good-humored and humane biography of Strachey which has just been republished in a revised, rearranged, cut, and augmented edition; and on which the film is based. He comments that what Strachey said “was not true; but he could not have said anything more deeply consoling.” It consoled me, too, as I watched the film, which began with wit and aplomb, dragged in the middle, and then became very moving with Strachey’s death and Carrington’s suicide a few weeks later. The writer-director Christopher Hampton handles death and sex with a mixture of intensity and pudeur, dwelling neither on the violence of Carrington’s death nor on intimate details of her sex life. Though it may sound corny to say so, Hampton reinstates the mystery of love and the desolation of death in the way he presents this weird triangle in their liberated, godless, and—to their contemporaries—shocking milieu. Carrington (she dropped her Christian name because it was Dora) met Strachey at a Bloomsbury weekend in the country. In her catalog for the present exhibition of Carrington’s paintings and drawings at the Barbican Gallery in London Jane Hill insists that she was not part of Bloomsbury and that her paintings were of a different school. Strachey was born into the British intellectual aristocracy, the son of the distinguished Indian administrator, geographer, and meteorologist Sir Richard Strachey. He was first cousin to Duncan Grant, and brother to the psychiatrist James Strachey and to Pernel Strachey, the French scholar who became Principal of Newnham College, Cambridge. His best known books, Eminent Victorians and Queen Victoria, were an exciting break-through in biography …	<urn:uuid:d24657db-5493-4a9d-96f1-2b9ad829e579>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.nybooks.com/articles/archives/1996/jan/11/an-affair-to-remember/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368702448584/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516110728-00050-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.976109	734	2.09375	2
California gubernatorial candidates Jerry Brown and Meg Whitman held their first televised debate yesterday evening. Although it was covered by 130 journalists serving media outlets as far away as Germany and China, it didn't really matter much. Not, at least, in terms of the state's economic meltdown and budget crisis. California's real problems run deeper than either candidate wants to admit. It's no secret that Proposition 13, which slashed property taxes 30 years ago, has put the state and its leaders in an ever-tightening fiscal straightjacket. This didn't make much difference in the '90s and '00s when the tech and housing booms fueled growth. But now that the party's over, lawmakers have found that their hands are tied. For one thing, polls show that most voters staunchly oppose tax increases. And regardless, state laws that mandate a two-thirds majority to pass both a budget and tax increases make it essentially impossible to raise new revenue. One response to the predicament would be to cut services, as a set of budget reform initiatives on the ballot in May, 2009, would have done. But they were trounced at the polls. Surveys showed that the same voters who didn't want tax increases also didn't want cuts to parks, education, health care, or just about everything else that the state provides. The problem, as former Republican Finance Director Cliff Allenby put it, is that "Californians want high levels of services for their middle levels of taxes." So what should Republican Whitman and Democrat Brown do? A start would be to chide voters for their unreasonable expectations. (Of course, I know that's not the best way to win a political campaign). To his credit, Brown, who served as California's governor from 1975 to 1983, at least showed a flash of courage when he refused to tell the debate audience, students at UC Davis, that he would roll back the funding cuts to higher education. "Not my first year, not with a $19 billion deficit," he said. "We have to get real here." (Whitman, a former CEO of eBay, talked up a lame plan to cut $1 billion from welfare and put it in higher ed instead of towards the shortfall). But Brown also made it seem like raising new revenue would be almost as simple as forcing the rich pay their fair share. A more progressive income tax would certainly help matters more than Whitman's billions in proposed tax cuts, but even if two-thirds of voters approved it, California would still be a mess. The state's revenue system has already evolved "from one with several legs to utter dependence on personal income taxes, nearly all of which were paid by those in upper income brackets," writes Sacramento Bee columnist Dan Walters in Remaking California: Reclaiming the Public Good. This "has left the state vulnerable to even mild economic swings because those high-income taxpayers largely derived their taxable incomes from volatile stocks and other capital markets." Lenny Goldberg, director of the California Tax Reform Association, suggests instead that California reform its commercial property tax code, which favors entrenched interests and stifles innovation. The best solution to California's woes might be the most drastic: Scrapping the entire state constitution and writing a new one from scratch, as a bipartisan coalition of reformers, Repair California, tried to do earlier this year before the effort fizzled. "Political analysts say the proponents have had a tough time keeping voters focussed on their complicated prescriptions for California's ills," the LA Times explained. Maybe that's where Brown and Whitman should speak up. It would have been nice, at least, to hear them weigh in on Proposition 25, which would eliminate the two-thirds requirement to pass a budget. Sure, it's by far California's most boring ballot measure this year. But it's also its most important. And there, also, is the problem.	<urn:uuid:3b2e8af2-375c-44f4-bfce-54a7105fb4f3>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.motherjones.com/blog/2010/09?page=3	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368701459211/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516105059-00050-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.979405	787	1.851563	2
By Adam Hunt The October Flight 8 meeting fell on a cool and crisp autumn night as it often does. But inside the warmth of our usual meeting place at the Ottawa Flying Club a good crowd gathered to hear COPA Director Paul Hayes recount the glory days of flying Canadair Sabres in the middle years of the Cold War, with stories and photos. These days Hayes is one of three COPA Directors from southern Ontario, the Captain of COPA Flight 44 and President of the Buttonville Flying Club, near Toronto, but in the late 1950s and early 1960s he was a Sabre pilot in Germany with the RCAF. He joined the RCAF as an airframe technician in 1951 and in 1952 his reserve unit, 411 Squadron, Downsview sent him for pilot training. His pilot training course was held at RCAF Station Clarsholm, Alberta during the fall and winter of 1952/53. In those days the de Havilland DH82C Tiger Moth had been retired and the de Havilland Canada DHC-1 Chipmunk had not yet entered service, so initial training was done on the North American Harvard. The Harvard is a large, handful of an aircraft for an ab initio student pilot with retractable gear and a constant speed propeller. The pilot wings course meant flying 330 hours in ten months on Harvards, plus many hours of ground school, of course. The usually VFR winter weather of southern Alberta helped keep the course on schedule as they flew basic manoeuvres, instrument flying, aerobatics, formation, air combat manoeuvres and weapons delivery training using rockets, bombs and machine guns, all flown on the versatile Harvard. When Hayes had finished his course and graduated with his RCAF pilot wings, he went home to his reserve squadron in Toronto to attend university and fly part time. The Cold War was on and NATO faced the Warsaw Pact armies across Western Europe, with the threat of nuclear war being unleashed any day. As part of the defence of North America 411 Squadron was equipped with the de Havilland Vampire jet fighter. Hayes described its wooden twin-boom construction and its formidable, if slow-firing, four Hispano-Suiza cannons. Hayes indicated that the Vampire was a great introduction to jet flying, even with that aircraft’s limitations, including its lack of ejection seat. He put in 400 hours on the wooden jet, flying it solo from the first flight, as Canada had no two-seat Vampire trainers. It was during this time that Hayes started civil flying, obtaining a commercial licence on the basis of his military training and checking out on the Piper J-3 Cub and the Aeronca Champion at Maple airfield, north of Toronto with legendary instructor Marion Orr. In 1955 411 Squadron was given six T-33 jet trainers and the following year was equipped with the Canadair Sabre Mk 5 These Mk 5s had been replaced on the front line RCAF squadrons in Europe by the Mk 6 and thus came to reserve service. After flying the F-86 for just a short while, Hayes decided that the life of a full time RCAF fighter pilot would suit him and he went down to the recruiting centre and joined the regular air force on the promise of a posting to Europe. Hayes was soon posted to 422 Squadron at 4 Wing, Baden, Germany. In those days a squadron had a full complement of 25 aircraft, with three Sabre Squadrons to a Wing and a total of four wings and 300 Sabres in Germany. Later one Sabre squadron per wing was replaced by an Avro Canada CF-100 Canuck all-weather fighter squadron to complement the Sabre’s day-fighter capabilities. Hayes reports that when he arrived in Europe Sabre squadrons were flying 1,000 hours per month and maintained about 80% serviceability, an accomplishment he attributes to the Wing’s ground crews. By December 1957 Hayes had been in Germany for four months and was sent to Scottish Aviation at Renfrew, Scotland to pick up a Sabre for the newly formed West German Luftwaffe and ferry it to Oldenburg, Germany. Flying a Sabre with the “Ritterkreuz” on it instead of the maple leaf roundel was a new experience and marked the beginning of Hayes’ long association with the Luftwaffe. He soon found himself as one of several RCAF pilots assigned as “Tactical Advisers” to the new German Air Force to help them get their units trained and up to NATO standards. For his part Hayes was sent to Flugplatz Pferdsfeld to help train Jagdgeschwader 73, (Fighter Wing 73). The Wing was named in honour of Second World War German fighter pilot Johannes “Macky” Steinhoff, by then an officer in the new Luftwaffe. The wing’s two squadrons were equipped with Sabre Mk 6s, with some donated ex-USAF T-33s for IFR training. The unit’s pilots consisted of about a quarter WWII veterans. Hayes helped train the wing in air combat manoeuvring. All in all Hayes spent two and half years with the Luftwaffe. Over the years Hayes has kept up his association with JG73 as they gave up their Sabres for the Fiat G.91 ground attack aircraft and later for the McDonnell-Douglas F-4F Phantom. With the fall of the Iron Curtain in 1989 the unit was moved to Laage in the former East Germany and equipped with the MiG 29 “Fulcrum” air superiority fighter. Today the wing is refitting with the state-of-the-art EuroFighter Typhoon. Hayes emphasized that the Cold War was a great time to be a fighter pilot and that back then the RCAF had the best aircraft, pilots and groundcrews as attested by their constant wins in NATO competitions. It wasn’t all smooth flying though, Hayes was involved in two accidents. While flying a Vampire the engine flamed out on short final and the mud under-run tore off the plane’s landing gear, Hayes emerging uninjured. In another accident, while taking off as part of a four-ship formation of Sabres Hayes’ aircraft suffered a hydraulic control system failure. This normally would not have been critical as the engine-driven hydraulic pump had an electrical back-up that should have automatically taken up the load and provided hydraulic pressure, but it didn’t. Without hydraulic pressure the pilot becomes a passenger and Hayes’ Sabre hit the ground, one external tank catching fire. Once the aircraft stopped he safely egressed and lived to fly again, unhurt. When the Sabre was retired from Canadian service in the middle 1960s Hayes did not convert to the replacement Canadair CF-104 Starfighter and instead went onto various air force flying positions on transports and helicopters, retiring in 1990 as a Brigadier General. Today he has an aviation consulting business and flies a Cessna 172RG and 182RG from Buttonville, maintaining his instrument rating. Hayes still puts his years of Sabre flying to good use, though, as an adviser to Gatineau-based Vintage Wings, who recently acquired a Sabre and now fly it regularly in air displays. Hayes doesn’t get to fly the single-seat aircraft anymore, but his knowledge of the aircraft and its strengths and weaknesses help keep Vintage Wings operations safer.	<urn:uuid:08b44c02-461b-4c62-ae1a-21877f49e003>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.copanational.org/CFNDec11-8.cfm	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368702810651/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516111330-00028-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.971181	1,551	2.046875	2
\|Introducing the Olympus E-300 digital SLR camera\| Dennis Hissink : September 27th 2004 - 15:00 CET The eight million pixel Olympus E-300 digital SLR immediately stands out from the crowd. It's much more lean and unconventional form, for an SLR, is the result of replacing the penta prism with a TTL Optical Porro Finder. Combined with full SLR performance, perfect handling and a very tempting price, this model is the ideal everyday companion for ambitious users. Based on the TIPA Award-winning FourThirds Standard, the Olympus E-300 incorporates a Supersonic Wave Filter that ensures dust and other foreign particles do not interfere with the captured image. So photographers have the full freedom to explore every creative avenue, this compact SLR model is compatible with a complete range of system accessories.\| The optics feature a nearly telecentric construction to draw maximum performance from the camera's Full Frame Transfer CCD. The TruePic TURBO image processor further boosts picture quality and the processing speed. Compact, powerful, versatile and user-friendly, the Olympus E-300 comes in a kit with a 14–45mm ZUIKO DIGITAL zoom. Complemented with its great affordability, the Olympus E-300 is assured a large following of both newcomers and existing enthusiasts. \| Olympus has demonstrated its talent for radically opening up the world of SLR photography before. That was in 1972 when it launched the OM-1, which back then was the world’s smallest SLR and a milestone in photographic history. Now, the company is set to bring digital SLR photography to a wider audience with its eight million pixel Olympus E-300. The size and unusual SLR shape is the first thing everyone will notice about the new model. And the benefits can be seen immediately as well. Avid users who always like to have a camera with them, such as on a hike or city visit, will certainly welcome the lighter, more compact load. The dimensions could be reduced by replacing the penta prism - which is so characteristic of many SLRs - with a TTL Optical Porro Finder. The subsequent redesign of the housing above the lens meant there was even space for a built-in flash within its ergonomic body. The Olympus E-300 brings the advantages of the FourThirds Standard, previously only available in professional systems, to many more photographers. FourThirds was jointly developed by Olympus and Kodak especially for digital capture and sets standards on three levels - mechanical, optical and communication - to maximise the performance of camera body, image sensor and lenses. Dust entering SLRs when swapping lenses is virtually impossible to prevent. Even very minute particles can ruin shots if they land on the CCD. To save users the time and cost of cleaning the chip, the camera offers an ingenious solution. Developed by Olympus, the Supersonic Wave Filter generates ultra-high-speed vibrations to shake off dust and/or other particles, which are then captured on a special adhesive part. This function is invoked at each start-up of the camera but may also be manually effected. With a full combination of photographic functions plus the user-friendly menu and controls, the Olympus E-300 lets serious amateurs give full expression to their artistic vision. For example, selecting between single AF, continuous AF and manual focus or the different exposure modes is effortless. Compatibility with a vast range of system accessories, including all Olympus E-System lenses, extends the creative possibilities even further. There are now eight interchangeable lenses available for this model. All are based on the FourThirds Standard and feature the nearly telecentric construction required by digital image sensors for perfect colour, clarity and brightness - from the centre to the periphery of the frame. The Full Frame Transfer CCD (FFT CCD) ensures the maximum amount of image data is recorded. In comparison to its Interline Transfer counterparts, which are found in the majority of digital models, the FFT CCD has a larger pixel area, with bigger photodiodes and transfer channels. This means more electrons can be captured. A high signal/noise ratio can therefore be achieved together with a wider dynamic range. The end results benefit from more exposure latitude, greater detail and less noise. The TruePic TURBO image processor further contributes to picture quality and helps speed up the image recording process. Affordable; compact and light enough for everyday use; equipped for full creative expression and sensational results: this is the Olympus E-300. Besides the 14-45mm ZUIKO DIGITAL lens (which is included in the Kit), new lenses including the 40-150mm ZUIKO DIGITAL will also be available, as well as the external flash unit FL-36 and power battery holder HLD-3. The Olympus E-300 is further compatible with the majority of professional photography equipment in the Olympus E-System range and is planned for release at the end of 2004. The Olympus E-300 digital SLR - main features: • 8.0 million pixels • Compact design (penta prism replaced by TTL Optical Porro Finder) • Based on TIPA Award-winning FourThirds Standard and uses high-precision interchangeable lenses with nearly telecentric design • Supersonic Wave Filter for dust protection • Full Frame Transfer CCD • TruePic TURBO image processor • User-friendly menu plus full manual operation • Single AF, continuous AF and manual focusing • Digital ESP, centre-weighted average and spot exposure metering • Scene programme and scene select programme modes • Sliding pop-up built-in flash • Records to CompactFlash cards and Microdrives • Olympus E-300 Kit includes ZUIKO DIGITAL 14-45mm (28-90mm) lens f3.5-5.6 • Compatible with the complete range of Olympus E-System lenses and new accessories including ZUIKO DIGITAL 40-150mm (80-300mm) lens f3.5-4.5, FL-36 external flash and HLD-3 power battery holder • Full list of compatible lenses: • NEW! ZUIKO DIGITAL 14-45mm (28-90mm) f3.5-5.6 (available from November 2004) • ZUIKO DIGITAL 14-54mm (28-108mm) f2.8-3.5 • NEW! ZUIKO DIGITAL 40-150mm (80-300mm) f3.5-4.5 (available from November 2004) • ZUIKO DIGITAL ED 50-200mm (100-400mm) f2.8-3.5 • ZUIKO DIGITAL ED 50mm (100mm) f2.0 Macro • ZUIKO DIGITAL ED 300mm (600mm) f2.8 • ZUIKO DIGITAL 11-22mm (22-44mm) f2.8-3.5 • NEW! ZUIKO DIGITAL ED 150mm (300mm) f2.0 (available from October 2004) • FL-36 external flash and HLD-3 power battery holder optionally available • An underwater case will be available from beginning of 2005	<urn:uuid:cc770847-5d29-4f84-aef2-b98364c2c080>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.letsgodigital.org/en/news/articles/story_1676.html	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368696381249/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516092621-00036-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.901579	1,517	1.617188	2
Thinking about buying a service contract with that new car, new refrigerator, or new sound system? Wondering if itís a cost-effective move? We asked the Federal Trade Commission to help us learn more about service contracts We know: Service Contracts vs. Warranties Whatís a warranty? A warranty is a written promise a manufacturer or seller of a product makes to stand behind the product. It usually provides repair, replacement and/or maintenance service on the product for a specific period time following the purchase. Federal law requires that you be able to read the warranty for the product you are buying before you make the purchase. Whatís an implied warranty? Implied warranties are created by state law, every state has them, and almost everything you buy is covered. In general, the implied warranty means the product must do what it is supposed to do, and it is suitable for the purpose or use for which itís being sold. If the product you are buying does not come with a written warranty, itís still covered by the implied warranty, unless itís marked Ďas isí. Whatís a service contract (sometimes called an extended warranty)? Like a warranty, a service contract provides repair and/or maintenance for a specific time period after you buy the product. However, a warranty is already included in the price of the product you buy. Service contracts cost extra and are sold separately. They are an additional profit-making service sold buy the retailer. Why buy a service contract then? Itís a good question. Many people buy service contracts when they donít really need them. So, determining whether to buy a service contract involves taking the time to understand what is covered by your warranty, and then determining if you need additional coverage. How can I compare the two quickly? Consider these questionsóand ask the salesperson to answer them if he or she is trying to sell you a service contract: Take some time to think it over. There's no need to be rushed into a service contract. Take the time to compare the service contract and the warranty-so that you're sure it's a cost-effective deal.	<urn:uuid:b22a374d-8af0-447c-8138-ed09a8e0c8b0>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.ineed2know.org/ContractsVsWarranties.htm	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368696382584/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516092622-00048-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.959458	446	1.914063	2
On This Day: July 16 On this day (July 16) in 1945 the atomic age began, quite literally, with a bang. The Manhattan Project detonated the world's first atomic bomb in the 'Trinity' test. On the same day other notable and connected events occurred with implications for humanity and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). With the advent of nuclear weapons, world powers raced to produce vehicles to deliver them. By the 1950's the favored delivery vehicle was the unmanned intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM) – a direct descendant of the V2 rocket from World War II. The nuclear warheads were launched on a ballistic trajectory into space and re-entered Earth's atmosphere above Mach 20. Travelling at such speeds during re-entry meant the warheads encountered a mixture of supersonic and subsonic flow regimes around their blunt noses. Either flow regime on its own could be simulated using primitive (by today's standards) analytic methods. But combined, the flow regimes posed a near intractable obstacle for flow modeling. Physical experiments under re-entry conditions were difficult and dangerous, so numerical modeling was essential for weapon design. Finally, in 1966, Moretti and Abbett came up with the counterintuitive idea to use time-marching to model steady-state supersonic and subsonic flows simultaneously. Thus was born the basis of practical CFD for all flow regimes. On this day (July 16) in 1957 the US transcontinental speed record between California and New York was set by John Glenn. He covered the route in 3 hours, 23 minutes and 8 seconds flying an F-8 Crusader. Earlier in 1956 the same supersonic airplane set a world Level Flight Speed Record of 1015mph. This airplane was not party to the CFD revolution but it did benefit from the latest analytical tools of the day such as the supersonic area rule. John Glenn went on to become the first American to orbit the Earth and return safely aboard Friendship 7 on February 20, 1962. The Atlas booster that lifted his Mercury capsule into orbit was closely related to the Atlas ICBM. The shape of the blunt heat shield used during his re-entry into the Earth's atmosphere was based on the same principles used to design the casing of nuclear warheads. Glenn returned to orbit in 1998 at age 77 aboard the Space Shuttle Discovery. The Space Shuttle benefited from extensive CFD simulations. On this day (July 16) in 1969 the Apollo 11 mission launched from Kennedy Space Center, Florida on a Saturn V rocket with Michael Collins at the controls of the command module. Four days later Neil Armstrong announced, "Houston, Tranquility Base here. The Eagle has landed." Then he and Buzz Aldrin became the first humans to walk on the Moon – framed by Armstrong's phrase: "That's one small step for [a] man, one giant leap for mankind." Aerodynamic devices, such as wings, that counter gravity on Earth and allow flight are useless without a gaseous atmosphere. On the Moon the Lunar Module (named Eagle) relied solely on rocket thrusters for control during its 'flight'. Currently the US and China are independently planning manned missions to the Moon and possibly on to Mars. CFD will be an indispensible tool in the design of the launch and re-entry vehicles. Also CFD will play an important role in the design of the life support and electronics cooling systems. On this day (July 16) in 1994 Comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 collided with Jupiter causing quite a show. The robotic Galileo spacecraft was rapidly approaching Jupiter for its 1996 planned exploration of the Jovian system and had a ringside seat of the collision. Seven years previous, Galileo began its odyssey with a launch from the shuttle Atlantis' cargo bay on October 18, 1989. Five months prior to its arrival at Jupiter, Galileo released its atmospheric probe. The probe used Jupiter's dense atmosphere to slow from 47 km/s to subsonic speed in less than 2 minutes, enduring immense heat equivalent to that of a thermonuclear fireball. It then deployed a parachute and collected atmospheric data for 58 minutes before succumbing to heat and high pressure as expected. Galileo was also deliberately crashed into Jupiter's atmosphere and vaporized in order to "...eliminate any chance of an unwanted impact between the spacecraft and Jupiter’s moon Europa, which Galileo discovered is likely to have a subsurface ocean," according to the official NASA press release. On Earth it was nearly impossible to physically replicate the conditions experienced by the probe and the comet. However, CFD could and did simulate Jupiter's atmosphere. CFD was used to predict the effect of the comet's impact and to aid in understanding the descent of the probe. In a single day (July 16) we've travelled through time from the Manhattan Project, to John Glenn, to the Moon, and finally to Jupiter. Who'd have thought CFD could be so influential? Recent blog posts - Helical Strakes with your Chimney? - Turning Vanes Required - Elephants and Computational Fluid Dynamics - Fluid Wrist Watch v2.0 - Caedium v5 Sneak Peek: 3Dconnexion 3D Mouse Support - Caedium v5 Sneak Peek: Enhanced Accuracy Tool - Questionable Approach Reverse - Counterintuitive Usability With The Questionable Approach - CFD Performance Comparison Between GPU and CPU - Aerodynamics News: Speed on Wheels and Snow	<urn:uuid:d1f7f14d-772c-4e06-a734-8d164c1f0e2e>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.symscape.com/blog/on-this-day-july-16	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368708766848/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516125246-00060-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.949661	1,127	3.921875	4
Thesaurus for what it does Synonyms, antonyms, and related words for what it does \|what it do\| whats up or whats tha deal "what it do? its paul wilken fly like a pelcan inside my skin i got versace skeleton" Paul Wall mike:what it do another way of saying WUSSUP " Wuz good mah niggeh!?" Short slang for, "What the fuck is going on, nicca?" What's poppin, g? An extremely annoying question that has (unfortunately) replaced "Hello" or "Hi" as the most popular form of casual greeting. For full effect, best delivered while walking past someone at about 90 m.p.h. so the person you're talking to has no time to respond, and in a tone that suggests you really don't give a shit about "what's up" with them. Dude #1: "Hey, man. What's up?" Dude #2: "Uh..." (what he managed to get out before Dude #1 was already too far away to hear the rest of what he was going to say) hey, whats up?	<urn:uuid:7cceaf80-348c-47b5-9144-1f807424e09c>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.urbandictionary.com/thesaurus.php?term=what+it+does	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368703682988/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516112802-00024-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.959569	254	1.585938	2
A 1780 miniature portrait of Laurens, by Charles Willson Peale. October 28, 1754\| Charleston, Province of South Carolina (now Charleston, South Carolina, U.S.) \|Died\|\|August 27, 1782 Combahee River, South Carolina, U.S. \|Buried at\|\|Laurens Family Cemetery, Mepkin Abbey Moncks Corner, South Carolina, U.S. \|Allegiance\|\|United States of America\| \|Years of service\|\|1777-1782\| \|Spouse(s)\|\|Martha Manning (m. 1776)\| \|Relations\|\|Henry Laurens (father; b. 1724 - d. 1792) Eleanor Ball (mother; d. 1776) 1 daughter (b. February 1777) John Laurens (October 28, 1754 – August 27, 1782) was an American soldier and statesman from South Carolina during the American Revolutionary War, best known for his efforts to help recruit slaves to fight for their freedom as soldiers, in addition to his critical views against slavery, which set Laurens apart from many of his fellow compatriots of the time. Although Laurens gained approval from the Continental Congress in 1779 to recruit a brigade of 3,000 slaves by promising them freedom in return for fighting, he was killed in the Battle of the Combahee River in August 1782. Early life and education Laurens was born in 1754 to Henry Laurens and Eleanor Ball in Charleston, South Carolina; both their families were planters who had grown wealthy through cultivation of rice based on slave labor. Henry Laurens ran one of the largest slave trading houses in the country with his partner Richard Oswald. John was the eldest of the five children who survived infancy. John and his two brothers were tutored at home, but after the death of their mother, their father took them to England for their education. John completed his studies in Europe, first in London in 1771, then in Geneva, Switzerland in 1772. As a youth, John expressed considerable interest in science and medicine, but he yielded to his father's wish that he study law. In August 1774 he returned to London to do so. His father returned to South Carolina but refused to let John return until completing his legal studies two years later. In the summer of 1777, after the Revolutionary War had started, Laurens accompanied his father to Philadelphia, where the senior man was to serve in the Continental Congress. Despite the father's objections, the younger Laurens continued on to General George Washington's camp as a volunteer at the age of 23. \|“\|\|We have sunk the Africans & their descendants below the Standard of Humanity, and almost render'd them incapable of that Blessing which equal Heaven bestow'd upon us all.\|\|”\| —Laurens, on slavery, Laurens joined the Continental Army and following the Battle of Brandywine, was made officially an aide-de-camp to General Washington with the rank of Lieutenant Colonel. He served with the Baron von Steuben, doing reconnaissance at the outset of the Battle of Monmouth. He became close friends with his fellow aide-de-camp, Alexander Hamilton and the General Marquis de Lafayette. He showed reckless courage at the battles of Brandywine, Germantown in which he was wounded, and Monmouth, where his horse was shot out from under him. After the battle of Brandywine, Lafayette observed that, "It was not his fault that he was not killed or wounded ... he did every thing that was necessary to procure one or the other." As the British stepped up operations in the South, Laurens promoted the idea of arming slaves and granting them freedom in return for their service. He had said, "We Americans at least in the Southern Colonies, cannot contend with a good Grace, for Liberty, until we shall have enfranchised our Slaves." In early 1778 he proposed to his father to use the 40 slaves he stood to inherit as part of a brigade. Henry, now President of the Continental Congress, granted his wish, but his reservations made John postpone the project. In March 1779 Congress approved the concept, commissioned John Laurens as Lieutenant Colonel, and sent him south to recruit a regiment of 3000 blacks. He won election to the South Carolina House of Representatives, and introduced his black regiment plan in 1779 and 1780 (and again in 1782), meeting overwhelming rejection each time. Governor Rutledge and Christopher Gadsden[who?] opposed him. Laurens' belief that blacks shared a similar nature with whites and could aspire to freedom in a republican society set Laurens apart from other leaders in revolutionary South Carolina. In 1779, when the British threatened Charleston, Governor Rutledge proposed to surrender the city with the condition that Carolina become neutral in the war. Laurens strongly opposed the idea, and Continental forces repulsed the British. That fall he commanded an infantry regiment in General Benjamin Lincoln's failed assault on Savannah, Georgia. John Laurens became a prisoner in May 1780 after the fall of Charleston and was shipped to Philadelphia. As he was on "parole", he was able to see his father before the elder embarked for the Netherlands in search of loans. (Henry Laurens' ship was seized by the British and he was imprisoned at the Tower of London.) Exchanged in November, John Laurens was appointed by Congress in December as a special minister to France. In March 1781, Laurens gained French assurances that their navy would support American operations that year. He also arranged a loan and supplies from the Dutch before returning home in May. Laurens was reported to have told the French that without aid for the Revolution, the Americans might be forced by the British to fight against France. He returned home in time to see the French fleet arrive and to join Washington at the siege of Yorktown. He was given command of a battalion of light infantry on October 1, 1781, when its commander was killed. He led the battalion under Lt-Col. Alexander Hamilton in the storming of redoubt redoubt No. 10. Young Laurens was the principal spokesman for negotiating General Cornwallis's surrender. Laurens returned to South Carolina and served General Nathanael Greene by creating and operating a network of spies that tracked British operations in and around Charleston. In August 1782, he learned of a British force movement to gather supplies and left his post to join Mordecai Gist in an attempt to intercept them. He was killed in the Battle of the Combahee River when he was shot from the saddle. Gravely wounded, Laurens was succeeded in his command by his friend and fellow opponent of slavery, Tadeusz Kosciuszko, a Polish nobleman. Laurens was killed in battle on August 27, 1782, at the age of 27, only a few weeks before the British finally withdrew from Charleston. He was buried on the Stock plantation. After his father Henry Laurens returned from his own imprisonment in London, he had his son's remains moved to his plantation, called Mepkin, near Moncks Corner. It was later adapted as a Trappist monastery, Mepkin Abbey. George Washington, in particular, was saddened upon learning of the death of Laurens, stating fondly: \|“\|\|In a word, he had not a fault that I ever could discover, unless intrepidity bordering upon rashness could come under that denomination; and to this he was excited by the purest motives.\|\|”\| In his general orders, Nathanael Greene, in announcing the death of Laurens, said: \|“\|\|The army has lost a brave officer and the public a worthy citizen.\|\|”\| Alexander Hamilton, a friend of Laurens, said of his death: \|“\|\|His career of virtue is at an end. How strangely are human affairs conducted that so many excellent qualities could not ensure a more happy fate? … I feel the loss of a friend I truly and most tenderly loved.\|\|”\| Personal life Marriage and family In late 1776, in London, Laurens married Martha Manning, the daughter of one of his father's London agents. In December he sailed for Charleston, leaving Martha behind and pregnant. Their daughter was born in February 1777. Connection to Thomas Paine According to Daniel Wheeler's Life and Writings of Thomas Paine, Volume 1 (of 10, Vincent & Parke, 1908) pp. 26-27: Thomas Paine accompanied Colonel John Laurens to France and is credited with initiating the mission. It landed in France in March 1781 and returned to America in August with 2.5 livres in silver, as part of a "present" of 6 million and a loan of 10 million. The meetings with the French king were most likely conducted in the company and under the influence of Benjamin Franklin. Upon return to the United States with this highly welcomed cargo, Thomas Paine "positively objected" that Washington should propose that Congress remunerate him for his services for fear of setting "a bad precedent and an improper mode". According to an account by Elbert Hubbard in the same volume (p. 314), Paine organized "the Bank of North America to raise money to feed and clothe the army, and performed sundry and various services for the colonies." Henry Laurens (John Laurens' father) had been ambassador to the Netherlands but was captured by the British on his return trip there. When exchanged for General Cornwallis in late 1781, the senior Laurens proceeded to the Netherlands to continue loan negotiations. Historians have questioned the relationship of Henry Laurens and Thomas Paine to Robert Morris as Superintendent of Finance and his business associate Thomas Willing. The latter became the first president of the Bank of North America in January 1782. Laurens and Paine accused Morris of war profiteering in 1779, and Willing had voted against the Declaration of Independence. The credit for obtaining the critical loans in 1781 and 1782, and first "organizing" the Bank of North America for approval by Congress in December 1781 should certainly include Henry or John Laurens and Thomas Paine. Relationship with Alexander Hamilton \|\|This section needs additional citations for verification. (May 2013)\| There are also modern reports circulated that John Laurens had a homosexual relationship with Alexander Hamilton. These reports are based upon letters Hamilton wrote Laurens during a period in which Laurens was absent from the camp. In preparing a biography, Hamilton's family actually crossed out parts of letters they each sent one another. Whether their relationship was sexual or not is unknown -- sodomy was a punishable offence in all thirteen colonies at the time, and so even if it had been they would have been most cautious, and it is likely that the truth will never be known. Though the language in the letters was not uncommon among those of the same sex in this historical period, Hamilton was never as emotionally open with any other man in his lifetime,and the depths of sentiment are equalled only in letters he wrote to his wife Eliza. On the other hand, Hamilton knew no other peer in similar rank, age, and war experience with which to share a deep platonic relationship. Additionally, whether Laurens reciprocated these feelings is not certain, but it is unlikely, given not only the lack of any letters confirming it, but also Laurens' strong relationship with his father, Washington's comment that during their many months together he had found Laurens "without flaw," and Hamilton's apparent surprise to learn, after John resigned from Washington's staff, that John had a daughter. Laurens County, Georgia is named after Laurens, in his honor. In late 2003, Gregory D. Massey, from the University of South Carolina, wrote about Laurens for Archiving Early America: \|“\|\|Laurens speaks more clearly to us today than other men of the American Revolution whose names are far more familiar. Unlike all other southern political leaders of the time, he believed that blacks shared a similar nature with whites, which included a natural right to liberty. "We have sunk the Africans & their descendants below the Standard of Humanity," he wrote, "and almost render'd them incapable of that Blessing which equal Heaven bestow'd upon us all." Whereas other men considered property the basis of liberty, Laurens believed liberty that rested on the sweat of slaves was not deserving of the name. To that extent, at least, his beliefs make him our contemporary, a man worthy of more attention than the footnote he has been in most accounts of the American Revolution.\|\|”\| In popular culture - Laurens's proposal for using slaves as troops in the Carolinas was portrayed in the 2000 film The Patriot. Some of Laurens' words and actions were reflected in the character of Benjamin Martin in the film. - Massey, Gregory D. (2000). John Laurens and the American Revolution. Columbia, South Carolina: University of South Carolina Press. ISBN 1-57003-330-7. OCLC 43703113. Retrieved April 29, 2013. - Wallace, David Duncan (1967). The Life of Henry Laurens: With a Sketch of the Life of Lieutenant Colonel John Laurens. New York: Russell & Russell Publishers. ISBN 0-8462-1015-0. OCLC 492796507. Retrieved April 29, 2013. - Wiencek, Henry (2003). "6". An Imperfect God: George Washington, his slaves, and the creation of America. New York: Farrar, Straus And Giroux. ISBN 978-0-374-52951-2. OCLC 56495892. Retrieved April 29, 2013. - Massey, Gregory D. (2003). "Slavery and Liberty in the American Revolution". The Early America Review. Archiving Early America. Retrieved April 29, 2013. "Laurens speaks more clearly to us today than other men of the American Revolution whose names are far more familiar. Unlike all other southern political leaders of the time, he believed that blacks shared a similar nature with whites, which included a natural right to liberty. "We have sunk the Africans & their descendants below the Standard of Humanity," he wrote, "and almost render'd them incapable of that Blessing which equal Heaven bestow'd upon us all." Whereas other men considered property the basis of liberty, Laurens believed liberty that rested on the sweat of slaves was not deserving of the name. To that extent, at least, his beliefs make him our contemporary, a man worthy of more attention than the footnote he has been in most accounts of the American Revolution." - Lockhart, Paul Douglas (2008). The Drillmaster of Valley Forge, the Baron de Steuben and the Making of the American Army. Smithsonian Books: Washington, D.C. p. 155. ISBN 9780061451638. OCLC 219568652. Retrieved April 29, 2013. - Storozynski, Alex (2009). The Peasant Prince: Thaddeus Kosciuszko and the Age of Revolution. New York: Thomas Dunne Books, St. Martin's Press. ISBN 0312388020. OCLC 259266769. Retrieved April 29, 2013. - "Lt Colonel John Laurens". Valley Forge National Historical Park. Valley Forge, Pennsylvania: National Park Service. Retrieved April 30, 2013. "in a word, he had not a fault that I ever could discover, unless intrepidity bordering upon rashness could come under that denomination; and to this he was excited by the purest motives." - Lewis, J.D. (2007). "Lt. Colonel John Laurens". The American Revolution in South Carolina. Little River, South Carolina: Carolana. Retrieved April 30, 2013. "He had not a fault that I could discover, unless it were intrepidity bordering upon rashness." - "Lt Colonel John Laurens". Valley Forge National Historical Park. Valley Forge, Pennsylvania: National Park Service. Retrieved April 30, 2013. "The army has lost a brave officer and the public a worthy citizen." - "Lt Colonel John Laurens". Valley Forge National Historical Park. Valley Forge, Pennsylvania: National Park Service. Retrieved April 30, 2013. "His career of virtue is at an end. How strangely are human affairs conducted that so many excellent qualities could not ensure a more happy fate? … I feel the loss of a friend I truly and most tenderly loved."	<urn:uuid:e0d30c65-1a7d-419c-81fa-4b6249e9a204>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Laurens	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368698207393/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516095647-00025-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.965526	3,437	3.53125	4
UN monitor for Iran presents first findings on human rights abuses16 October 2011 UNITED NATIONS — In his first report, the newly appointed UN investigator into human rights in Iran has appealed to the Iranian government to create a culture in which the fundamental rights and freedoms of minorities and women are protected. Special Rapporteur Ahmed Shaheed also urged Iran to refrain from repressing dissent, expressed concern about the deteriorating health of some prisoners, and repeated an earlier request to be allowed to visit the country. The interim report – submitted to the UN General Assembly at its 66th session now under way in New York – follows concerns about Iran expressed last week by UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-Moon. The Special Rapporteur, who took up his duties on 1 August, states that – instead of presenting a substantive report – he is focussing on presenting his proposed methodology for dealing with Iran, and cataloging the most recent trends in its human rights situation, gleaned from first-hand testimonies offered to him by individuals and organizations since his appointment. These include widespread abuses against political and women's rights activists, journalists, filmmakers, human rights lawyers, and environmental campaigners; the use of torture against detainees; the imposition of the death penalty in the absence of proper judicial safeguards; requests for exorbitant bail requirements; and the lack of independence of judges. The Special Rapporteur also expresses his concerns about human rights violations against minority groups including Arabs, Azeris, Baha'is, Balochs, Christians, Kurds, Sufis and Sunni Muslims. In relation to Iran's Baha'i community, Dr. Shaheed reports that its members have "historically suffered multifaceted discrimination, including denial of jobs, pensions and educational opportunities, as well as confiscation and destruction of property." At least 100 Baha'is, including seven community leaders are currently imprisoned in the Islamic Republic, says the report. "The majority of those detained allegedly face national security-related charges and have undergone judicial proceedings that lacked due process and fair trial standards," Dr. Shaheed writes. In conclusion, the Special Rapporteur emphasizes his desire for constructive dialogue with the Iranian Government, the international community and civil society. "We welcome Dr. Shaheed's call upon the Iranian government to engage more closely with the international community in strengthening human rights safeguards for its citizens," said Bani Dugal, Principal Representative of the Baha'i International Community to the United Nations in New York. "It is within Iran's power to create a culture of tolerance that prevents discrimination against women, religious and ethnic minorities, and protects their freedoms to associate and express themselves freely," she said. "The ball is now in Iran's court. We urge them to cooperate fully with the Special Rapporteur, who must be allowed to fulfil the mandate given to him by the United Nations Human Rights Council." Baha'i World News Service coverage of the persecution of the Baha'is in Iran The Baha'i World News Service has published a Special Report which includes further articles and background information about Iran's campaign to deny higher education to Baha'is. It contains news of latest developments, a summary of the situation, feature articles, case studies and testimonials from students, profiles of imprisoned educators, resources and links. Another Special Report offers articles and background information about the seven Iranian Baha'i leaders – their lives, their imprisonment, trial and sentencing – and the allegations made against them. It also offers further resources about the persecution of Iran's Baha'i community. The International Reaction page of the Baha'i World News service is regularly updated with responses from governments, nongovernmental organizations, and prominent individuals, to actions taken against the Baha'is of Iran. The Media Reports page presents a digest of media coverage from around the world.	<urn:uuid:808defd0-f670-455f-80e9-c61820293785>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://news.bahai.org/story/859	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368703298047/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516112138-00064-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.952148	793	2.359375	2
Romantic Nicknames / Pet Names: Boyfriend / Husband Nicknames (A-F): Tristan and Isolde He was english-she was irish, they fell in love but he ouldn't have her. She had to marry King Mark to form an alliance between England and Irealnd. They had an affair and Tristan was killed. It is never mentioned if Isodle died or not. It is a popular poem of the 19th century. Boyfriend / Husband Nicknames (A-F) > Romantic Nicknames / Pet Names >	<urn:uuid:d54b93b9-fe9b-46ca-9705-30fa839250e9>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.romanceclass.com/miscr/LovePrint/12980	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368705953421/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516120553-00028-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.982897	125	1.625	2
Angry birds, cityscapes and visions of an ideal garden filled the center of McGolrick Park, decorating gates and hugging the columns of the Shelter Pavilion. The work came courtesy of Greenpoint’s smallest artists, who came to participate at the last in a series of art shows organized by the McGolrick Park Schools Alliance. On Saturday, June 16th, students from Alliance members PS 34, PS 110 and St. Stanislaus Kostka Catholic Academy contributed arts and crafts based on the theme of McGolrick Park. PS 110 provided crayon drawings of “Polygonal Insects” (2nd grade), a “Memory Quilt” (4th grade) and an evocative collage of city buildings (Pre-K). “It’s a wonderful opportunity to showcase the artistic talents of our students in a community setting,” said PS 110 Principal Anna Cano Amato. “We reach a wider audience.” Cub Scout Troop 469 also participated, contributing large, colorful paper-mache heads of Angry Birds, characters from the popular video game. The heads represented the frustrated fowls of McGolrick, irked by the increasing garbage that litters their home. Similar environmental concerns were what led to the creation of the Alliance in the first place, after a December meeting addressing the deteriorating state of the park. Facing severe budget cuts, community members took it upon themselves to maintain the cleanliness and safety of McGolrick through a massive push for volunteerism. Since then, the Alliance has worked to increase a sense of responsibility for the park through activities such as tree planting and stewardships, clean ups, children’s concerts and art events such as the one held on Saturday. Contests were also held for the best artworks from each school. A team of judges, consisting of Councilmember Steve Levin, local artist Sally Webster, Assemblyman Joe Lentol’s representative Slava Rar, Open Space Alliance Executive Director Stephanie Thayer, Town Square Chairperson Susan Anderson and Alliance member Holly Fairall marveled at the quality of the work displayed. “I’m very excited that we’re encouraging our children to pursue their artistic endeavors,” said Levin. “I’m proud of all who’ve participated.” All the winning pieces will be displayed at the 807 Manhattan Avenue branch of Capital One Bank for a week. Holly Fairall thanked all those who participated in the event, including sponsors ioby.org, Partnership for Parks and Towns Square. But many of those present lauded Fairall for having completed a tremendous amount of community work in a short time. “Holly has done a remarkable job organizing schools and parents in Greenpoint to beautify McGolrick,” said District Leader Lincoln Restler. “And the artwork is exceptional.” Since starting the Alliance, Fairall has seen major improvements in the park. Lightning and garbage cans have increased, and the rat population has whittled down. However, with Fairall committed to prior obligations for the rest of the year, it is hoped that other residents will step up to lead future Alliance events, such as the proposed “Adopt-a-Plot of McGolrick” whereby small parts of the park would be maintained and cleaned by families, local organizations and businesses. “If the community wants to continue to see events like these, they have to pitch in,” said Fairall. “I’d be happy to train them how to fundraise and organize.” To find out how to help, contact Holly Fairall at (917) 280-0776. Type your name and email address below, then click "Submit" to be added to our spam-free email list.	<urn:uuid:49ff0737-0976-4cee-9e78-c45b2146a593>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.greenpointnews.com/news/4625/mcgolrick-park-schools-alliance-art-show	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368704132298/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516113532-00054-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.955636	796	1.5625	2
What do world leaders talk about when they talk about climate change? Mostly money and distant dates. Bargaining, deferral and the dodging of commitments and responsibility have been more or less what Doha, this year, was about, ending up with a “gateway” to the next meeting in 2015. The reason why leaders meet ought to be a shared sense of concern about the planet and its inhabitants, leading to decisions on how to avert the effects of global warming, especially by cutting down on harmful emissions. But what actually gets discussed and fought over are how a country might describe itself in order to get away with the least: who is developed and who is developing, and how are these labels shifting with the years, and how do these shifts affect what the countries might demand from one another or be held to? It may be asked whether the world, faced with economic and political crises of a more immediate kind, is at all worried about something as long-term as the slow effects of global warming (although for countries like Bangladesh or the Philippines, these effects are immediate and catastrophic). It is China that seems to have made a crucial transition from ‘developing’ to ‘developed’ in the perception of the others, especially the United States of America (China and the US being the biggest emitters of greenhouse gases). So, China has to be brought to the negotiating table with the rich countries — a pressure that it is good at dodging, holding on to its ‘developing country’ status. The US is equally resistant to anything that looks like a treaty or a legal commitment. But what has been rescued, though, until 2020, is the Kyoto Protocol (though Japan, ironically, has opted out of it). But it has to be wound down to a single legal agreement on emission cuts that goes beyond the distinction between ‘developing’ and ‘developed’, creating a truly shared sense of the need for corrective action. Perhaps the only agreement made at this conference to be somewhat excited about concerns the adoption of the principle of “loss and damage” that inches towards some sort of “climate justice” by making richer countries think about compensating poorer ones (like Bangladesh, who led the move towards this agreement) for slow onset events like rising sea levels, prolonged droughts and storms.	<urn:uuid:8478ed62-656b-4f45-afe7-512203bc7536>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.telegraphindia.com/1121214/jsp/opinion/story_16311905.jsp	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368706890813/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516122130-00014-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.967643	476	2.578125	3
Course in Miracles 27 - Healing of the Dream of Pain or Witnesses God’s Witness sees no witnesses against the body, neither does He harken to the witnesses by other names which speak in other ways for its reality. He knows it is not real. could contain what you believe it holds within. Nor could it tell a part of God Himself what it should feel, and what its function Yet must He love whatever you hold dear. And for each witness to the body’s death He sends a witness to your life in Him Who knows no death. He brings is witness that the body is not real. Its pains and pleasures does He heal alike, for all sin’s witnesses do makes no distinctions in the names by which sin’s witnesses are called. It merely proves that what they represent has no effects. And this it proves because its own effects have come to take their not the name by which you called your suffering. It is no longer The One Who brings the miracle perceived them all as one, and called by name As fear is witness unto death, so is the miracle the witness unto life. It is a witness no one can deny, for it is the effects of life it brings. The dying live, the dead arise, and pain has vanished. Yet a miracle speaks not but for itself, but what it represents. has symbols in a world of sin. forgives because it stands for what is past forgiveness, and is and insane it is to think a miracle is bound by laws which it came solely to undo! The laws of sin have different witnesses, with different strengths, and they attest to different sufferings. Yet to the One Who sends forth miracles to bless the world, a tiny stab of pain, a little worldly pleasure, and the throes of death itself, are but a single sound; a call for healing, and a plaintive cry for help within a world of misery. It is their sameness that the miracle attests. It is their sameness that it proves. The laws which call them different are dissolved, and shown as powerless. of a miracle is to accomplish this, and God Himself has guaranteed the strength of miracles for what they witness to.	<urn:uuid:9f80d540-8417-49ca-81f6-c78ff78d5a46>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.theworkbook.org/healing2.htm	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368702448584/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516110728-00025-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.936646	501	2	2
Little Digits is an educational app that appeals to children of many ages. The idea behind the little digits iPad app is to associate counting on your fingers with what each number represents and what the number also looks like. All kids love to count on their fingers. This app helps you take counting on your fingers a step further. The first thing you must do before starting to use the app is to shut of the multitasking gestures under “settings”. Once you do this, you are free to enjoy the whole app.Continue reading "Little Digits iPad App Review" » Toca Boca is one of the leading app developers for kid’s games for the iPhone and iPad. They are known for their fun, creative games for kids that stimulate the imagination. And the Toca Hair Salon is no exception. Use your fingers to select one of the tools and cut their hair with scissors, comb it with the comb, or trim the hair or beard with the electric razor. Use the magic potion, GRO, to grow their hair longer or back to keep the fun going. If you’re reading this, then at some point in your life someone taught you had to read. And chances are you did not have any help from an iPad or smartphone. But it’s 2012 and kids today have the advantage of using technology to help them do many things, including learning how to read. We have complied a list of the 6 learn to read apps that will boost your child’s literacy skills.Continue reading "6 Learn To Read Apps for Kids to Help Boost Literacy Skills" » They say that Disney World is the happiest place on earth, so it is probably also true that Disney iPad apps are the best apps in iTunes. Well, according to your child they probably are. We’ve compiled a list of the best Disney iPad apps and you may be shocked – I was – to see that some of them are free. Get it while you can, because nothing in Disney World is free.Continue reading "8 Fun Disney iPad Apps For Your Child" » The days of peacefully sleeping in the car are becoming few and far between, and now your toddler is longing for entertainment while they’re strapped in that carseat or straddling your lap on the plane. Fortunately, there are a wealth of iPad apps that make traveling with toddlers easier by offering a new distraction and interaction when the backpack of toys has run out. Continue reading "The Best iPad Apps for Traveling With Toddlers" » The world of apps available for children is ever-expanding. From educational aids to pure entertainment, developers are taking heed of the fact that kids and their parents want fun, relatable, smart apps to play with. In response to this demand, we’re seeing innovative new apps available on a regular basis, and in this post we’ll review a few of our favorite apps that have been submitted by developers to ikidapps.com. We cannot believe it has been almost 4 years since we launched iKidApps.com (formerly known as iPhone and Kids)! In many of our articles we try to review the best iPhone, iPod, iPad, and Android apps for you in their respective categories. Below you can find all of our (550 in total!) best app reviews as well as a list of how to tips for parents.Continue reading "550+ Best Kids Apps Reviewed" » Candy Land, Chutes & Ladders, Monopoly, Battle Ship…Just the names bring back memories of laying out on the living room floor with my dad and playing for hours on Sunday afternoons. Board games are an undeniable pastime that provide entertainment for kids and parents alike. However, they’re not always convenient. You can’t play Scrabble in the car, and the dog ate half of the Monopoly money. Luckily, the iPad makes the board game mobile, and with these five super fun board games for iPad, you’ll be playing on-the-go. Continue reading "5 Super Fun Board Games for iPad" » The kids are almost out of school, the weather’s heating up – and you’ve got a house full of young ones to keep occupied all day long. After the swims have been swum and the swings outside have swung, iPhone and iPad art apps can give kids a creative outlet while letting Mom take a break in the air conditioning. Not to mention, the best iPad art apps are an awesome alternative when you’re just not in the mood to wipe finger paint off the kitchen table. Here are a few of our picks for the best iPhone and iPad art apps that your little Monet is sure to love.Continue reading "Best Art Apps for Summer Fun" » Using the iPad as a platform for family games can be a great use for technology in bringing kids and parents together. However, many iPad games can be expensive, and parents are hesitant to purchase an app that they’re not sure will get much use. However, with this list of the best free iPad apps, you can have your game and play it, too! All without emptying out your bank account at the same time. However, beware that many free apps include in-app purchases, so be sure to turn off your in-app purchases before settling into a free iPad game marathon!Continue reading "Best Free iPad Games for Kids" »	<urn:uuid:438fa11f-5a6d-4b6a-ae52-da79f49a480f>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.ikidapps.com/category/best-apps/page/2	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368708766848/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516125246-00046-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.950868	1,121	1.773438	2
2010 Complete Election Coverage: Barbra Streisand talks environmental urgency - Barbra Streisand says she became 'committed to gaining a deeper understanding about environmental issues' after the Chernobyl nuclear disaster in 1986. (Photo by Firooz Zahedi) Courtesy What are the most important legislative steps on the environment that still need to be taken? Ultimately, what we need is legislation with a more aggressive target; we should reduce emissions by 25-40 percent below 1990 levels by 2020 and start phasing out dirty coal plants. Recently, the House of Representatives passed the Waxman-Markey American Clean Energy and Security Act. This bill is a very important start. It creates millions of new “green” jobs and sets the emissions reduction target at 17 percent by 2020. While a good first step, this bill is just the beginning of much-needed tougher legislation that the true science demands if we are to really have a chance to ameliorate the damage that climate change presents. What do you think of the cap-and-trade climate bill that recently passed the House? Both Rep. [Henry] Waxman and Rep. [Ed] Markey have been terrific environmental champions, and I know that they worked tirelessly to write this bill and get it passed through the House of Representatives, with help from Speaker [Nancy] Pelosi. However, it does not go far enough to achieve what is truly needed to curb the catastrophic destruction that nearly all respected scientists have said we are headed toward. But I am a realist, and I recognize that what is right and what is politically feasible are not always the same thing — politics is the art of compromise, after all. I understand congressional leaders had to make major compromises to this legislation in order for it to pass in the House of Representatives. I just hope one day soon the country will wake up and fully realize that we need to step up in a major way in order to avoid catastrophic demographic dislocation in the years ahead. But like I said, the Waxman-Markey bill was a very important and historic first step in our journey to hopefully bring us back from the tipping point of disaster. Did you ever think the day would come when you would see such a bill pass? I had always hoped that one day the public would be aware, educated and demanding that our political leaders would deal with this problem that we have created. Over the past 20 years, there has been a lot of progress on that front, primarily due to the work of [former] Vice President [Al] Gore and the environmental movement, who have put climate change at the front of the public discourse. I hope our political leaders will continue to lead in this effort as we begin this age of transformation. Are you confident that the Senate will pass a version of the bill that President Obama can sign? I would like to see the bill strengthened as it works its way through the Senate and on to the White House. I don’t know how realistic that is, given the possibility of filibusters in the Senate. I believe the president is invested in getting it through, but it will be difficult without having the support of the full Democratic Caucus. I hope that some brave Republicans will cross party lines on this issue and that the leadership can keep the Democratic Caucus mostly united. I do believe that some form of the legislation will pass in the Senate, but I am not sure that it will accomplish what we need. But I do want to acknowledge the hard work that has been done thus far and reiterate that recently we had an important breakthrough in the debate on climate change policy. However, this is just the first step in a very long journey.	<urn:uuid:a6ab4853-8de1-41ae-a725-788a8cfdaa5e>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.politico.com/news/stories/0709/24753_Page2.html	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368702810651/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516111330-00064-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.966819	755	1.984375	2
- Residential Market - Light Commercial Market - Commercial Market - Indoor Air Quality - Components & Accessories - Residential Controls - Commercial Controls - Testing, Monitoring, Tools - Services, Apps & Software - Standards & Legislation - EXTRA EDITION Field studies have shown that filtration of the system water once per hour will provide for high-quality water in an open system. For a closed system, because the filter is generally only removing system-generated corrosion products, a total volume turnover of once every 4 to 6 hr is all that is required. In an open system, there are two ways to install a filter: in the basin-sump of the cooling tower, or on a tap off of the water flow line. While both methods are acceptable, the preferred method is a sidestream from the basin. This produces no disruption to the process water flow and, more importantly, results in cleaning of the basin. The water from the basin is pumped through the filter and the clean water is supplied back through PSJ sweeper jets in such a way as to sweep the dirt across the basin-sump floor and back to the suction side of the filter. Figure 3 shows a typical installation photograph. For a closed system, filter installation is shown in Figure 4. The inlet to the filter is from the high-pressure side of the pump, while the clean water is returned to the low-pressure side of the system. Figure 5 shows the closed-loop media filter with double actuators to isolate the filter from the closed loop during backwash. In some cases, it may be necessary to use a portable sand filter (PSF) in order to clean up a closed-loop system, as shown in Figure 6. One typical application is at a facility with multiple systems, where a continuous preventive maintenance program is employed. Here, the engineers tie the PSF into each closed-loop system for a period of one to three months. The water in the closed loop is sampled periodically, and the PSF is moved when the dirt load in the system is reduced by greater than 95%. The PSF has its own pump and controls and is easily connected, as shown in Figure 4. It is an economical approach for a large facility where the PSF can be moved from building to building. The portable PSF filter is also used as a temporary filter for cleaning up a new closed-loop system prior to tying it into the main loop. This is an important application so as not to contaminate an existing system with additional solids. The PSF is available on a rental basis, which makes it cost-effective for mechanical contractors. Payback analysisThe installation of a fine media filter has many benefits in both open- and closed-loop applications. The benefits are energy savings, maintenance savings, chemical savings, and equipment and/or operating improvements. Figure 7 shows before-and-after water reports conducted by an independent laboratory. This manufacturing company realized energy savings of more than $22,000 from the installation of a media filter. Clean water protected the heat exchange equipment from fouling with solids. The filter reduced the dirt load from 97 to 1.6 lb of dirt in the tower within four weeks, and reduced the foul factor from an initial 0.0007 down to lower than design levels. A similar result was realized at a cogeneration facility. Here, the media filter reduced the particle loading by 94% in the tower and produced a ten-fold reduction in the foul factor — to 0.0001 — for energy savings of $8,900 per year. This foul factor is less than the current design fouling factor from ARI of 0.00025. In another example, the Birmingham Airport Authority realized the following benefits with the installation of filters for their hvac systems for the airport terminals: - Tower cleaning reduced by 90%; - Basin cleaning time reduced to 1.5 workhours; - Chiller efficiency improved; - Chiller cleaning reduced to every two years; - Biocide usage decreased; - Conductivity setpoint increased seven-fold; and - Setpoint increase resulted in less blowdown, less chemical usage, and greater water savings. The payback for this application was approximately one year. ConclusionWater treatment is a continuing process, not an event. Many variables must be taken into account to have an effective program. The combination of the correct chemicals and the correct mechanical filtration system will result in an optimized open- or closed-loop system. The operating benefits include improved heat transfer and energy efficiency, maximized efficiency of the towers and chillers, simplified and reduced-cost chemical treatment program and overall enhanced system cleanliness.	<urn:uuid:d2d1e5f5-d1ad-4d91-95c8-cbe6592fe9fb>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.achrnews.com/articles/how-to-keep-hvac-condensing-water-systems-free-from-contamination-1	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368707435344/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516123035-00031-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.944777	973	1.984375	2
On top of the world Surfing and the Vietnam War interrupted Craig Venter's path to the science hall of fame. Deborah Smith profiles the man who wrote the book on life. Dr Craig Venter is not just the only person on the planet who knows all the letters in his genetic code; he has also worked out the genome of his poodle, Shadow. The American ex-surfie turned scientific entrepreneur gained the reputation of being egotistic, hard-nosed and something of a maverick during a bitter race in the 1990s with his former colleagues to sequence the human genome - a battle that ended in a tie four years ago. So it was no great shock that Venter had used his own DNA in the project, along with samples from anonymous donors. Nor was it a surprise that the scientific world joked the research could uncover the gene for megalomania. It could just as well have joked about finding the gene for boldness; Venter, 58, has it in spades. To wit, his two new projects - to create life from scratch and to sequence all the genes on the planet. And he is taking his lead from two of the world's greatest thinkers, Charles Darwin and Joseph Banks. Venter's round-the-world trip on his yacht, Sorcerer II, collecting samples of water to discover new species of microbes and new genes, is partly inspired by the epic voyage of HMS Beagle in the 1830s that led Darwin to formulate his theory of evolution. After setting off from Nova Scotia last August and crossing the Pacific, Venter and his team sailed into Sydney this week to begin testing our waters. Not that he sees himself as an egotist or maverick. "But then I don't accept the status quo all that easily either," Venter says. And he is resigned to the fact that the human genome controversy will continue to dog him. But claims by critics that he wanted to privatise his sequence of the human genome were false, Venter says. "Our goal from the beginning was to release it to the world community. But the controversy will probably never end, because people are so pissed off with me for taking it [the project] away from them and moving science forward. So some of them will go to their graves cursing me." He also finds it "ironic" his trip has also been embroiled in some controversy, with some environmentalists accusing him of wanting to steal genes from the countries he is visiting. Professor Staffan Kjelleberg, of the University of NSW, said Venter's ambitious project meant he was making an extraordinary contribution to understanding the biodiversity of life on Earth. "He's a brave enough character to do these things," he says. Venter says the non-profit project is aimed at producing free information about the environment. Australia is the 14th country with which he has signed a biological resource access agreement with. It gives those countries the right to exploit commercially any discoveries he makes. Venter says he poured $US150 million ($200 million) he made as founder of Celera Genomics into establishing the J. Craig Venter Science Foundation, which backs his non-profit research organisation, the J. Craig Venter Institute. "I've also made enough to buy a nice sailboat," he says. FOR one of the world's leading scientists, Venter's career began shakily. He came from a big family and did not show particular promise at school, managing only low grades in science. The lure of the beach also proved too strong for the keen surfer after he finished his education. "My own career gives comfort to lots of parents about their children," he says. "I think I managed to maintain my curiosity because it was not driven out of me as a student. I refused to pay attention." A year-long tour of duty in Vietnam, where he watched young men be killed and maimed brought him back to earth. Upon his return to the United States in 1968 he went to university and excelled in science. "Vietnam was such an overwhelming experience I felt I couldn't remain a naive surfer any more. I felt I was given a gift and I wanted to go back and use it." When the Holy Grail of working out all 3 billion letters in the DNA code of a human was first discussed in the 1980s, it was thought to be well beyond the reach of technology. But an international, publicly funded project was launched in 1990 with the aim of cracking the code by 2005. At the time, Venter was working at the National Institutes of Health, where he developed a revolutionary strategy for discovering genes. In 1992, he founded the Institute for Genomic Research and his team was the first to decode the genome of a free-living organism, a bacterium. The first five years of the human genome project went slowly, with the scientists concentrating on the identification of small bits of DNA along the length of the human genome that could be used as landmarks for more precise work later on. A high standard of altruism for the project was set, with the team agreeing in 1996 to make their raw sequencing data available to other researchers as quickly as it was collected. But Venter, as head of one of the teams, gave signs of what was to come when he complained the rapid publication of raw results, with little analysis, reduced the scientists to mere automatons. In 1998, he dropped his bombshell, announcing he would join forces with the instrument maker PerkinElmer and sequence the genome within three years, using his "shotgun" approach to sequencing that some in the public team had dismissed as unworkable. His former colleagues rose to the challenge, worried Venter's company, Celera Genomics, would lay claim to large amounts of the genetic information if he won the race. In 2000, when Celera sequenced the genome of the fruit fly, Venter put the heat on his competitors, proving his controversial approach worked. The company began to charge for access to its raw data. Venter and his former colleagues traded insults. Eventually, the then US president, Bill Clinton, and the British Prime Minister, Tony Blair, entered the fray, calling for rapid release of sequencing data. What followed will be remembered as one of the biggest truces in scientific history. On June 26, 2000 Venter and Professor Francis Collins, representing the 2000-plus scientists in the public consortium, stood briefly with Clinton while he hailed their research as "the most wondrous map ever produced by humankind". After this announcement, the public consortium published an analysis of its sequence in the journal Nature in February 2001, while Venter published his the same week in the rival journal, Science. Venter says this shows he had always intended to release his sequence publicly. "We did it at the same time as the public effort did theirs," he says, "only ours was higher quality." A leading Sydney scientist, Professor John Shine, of the Garvan Institute, says Venter did the world a service in spurring on the public team so the genome project was completed years ahead of schedule. The furore between the public and private interests also focused the attention of governments on the important issue of gene patents and the need to ensure knowledge from the genetic revolution is used for the benefit of all, Shine says. Last year, Venter - who is no longer with Celera - made headlines again by sequencing the genome of his black standard poodle, saying it made Shadow "one of history's most valuable dogs". Now he has entered another minefield in wanting to create new organisms from scratch. Two years ago, US researchers said they had created the world's first virus. They synthesised polio, carefully building up the 7700 pairs of letters in its genetic blueprint, after buying the necessary bits of DNA from a company that makes it. The feat, which took two years of painstaking work, was slammed as a stunt and irresponsible by critics. But the researchers, from the State University of New York, said they did it to warn the world that it could be done. Dr Michael Selgelid, a bioethicist at the University of Sydney, said scientists were concerned about how to ensure the benefits of creating new organisms from scratch, as Venter intends, clearly outweigh the risks. "There is lots of debate about how to handle this kind of research," he says. While a new form of artificial life could have medical or environmental pluses, knowing how to create it "could be used by bio-weaponeers", he says. Last year, in their first effort to create artificial life, Venter's team took only two weeks to create a bacteriophage - a virus that infects bacteria. It had about 5000 pairs of letters in its genome. Bacteria have about 4 million pairs of letters and will be much harder to create, he says. The US Department of Energy, however, has shown confidence in Venter's approach, awarding the project a grant of $US9 million last year. The US Secretary of Energy, Spencer Abraham, says it could lead the development of microbes that could produce a clean energy such as hydrogen. "With this advance it is easy to imagine, in the not too distant future, a colony of specially designed microbes living within the emission control system of a coal-fired plant, consuming its pollution and its carbon dioxide, or employing microbes to radically reduce water pollution or to reduce the toxic effects of radioactive waste," Abraham predicts. Dog that fetched your slippers has your genes, too Humans have only about 20,000 to 25,000 genes, much fewer than the 100,000 thought before the order, or sequence, of the 3 billion letters of DNA in the human genome was worked out. The rat and the mouse are thought to have more genes than us - around 30,000 - although this figure could eventually be refined downwards too. The round worm has about 19,000 genes and the fruit fly has about 13,000. Humans share about 75 per cent of their genes with dogs and dogs are closer to people than mice, even though dogs diverged from our branch of the evolutionary tree before rodents. Race is not a scientific concept, because genetic differences between individuals within an ethnic group are much greater than genetic differences between average members of two such groups. Genetic evidence has added considerable weight to the theory that all living people belong to the one species that evolved in Africa more than 150,000 years ago and began to spread out around the globe about 85,000 years ago. It has opened the prospect of personalised medicine in which a person's susceptibility genes for different disease can be tested so they can modify their lifestyle or take preventative medication.	<urn:uuid:e0eea742-6b2f-4edf-8724-3385c55ef890>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.smh.com.au/articles/2004/11/03/1099362220383.html?from=moreStories	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368705559639/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516115919-00005-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.97832	2,210	2.0625	2
- Pregnancy & Childbirth - Attachment Parenting - Family Nutrition - Family Wellness Your child has had a mild cold for the past day or two, then around bedtime, you hear it starting. That barky, raspy cough that sounds like a seal asking for his next meal. If you have heard a "croupy" cough before, there's no mistaking it. If you child has never had croup, it can be a frightening experience. Here is a quick lesson on croup to help you get through the night. Is Croup contagious? Yes, it is about as contagious as the common cold. Good hand washing is important to prevent spread. The features to observe are the behavior of your baby and how the croup is progressing. If your child is smiling, happy, playful, looking around, interested in the environment, and not obviously bothered by the croup, these are good signs. He may have a barky cough, but is not having stridor (see above). As a final reassurance, if your barking child is able to lie down and sleep without repeated interruption, his breathing is not jeopardized. Here's when to be concerned but not to panic. The child whose airway is obstructed and who is unable to get enough air has a worried look on his face and is not interested in any play or interaction, as if concentrating all his energy on getting air. Child won't lie down; he just sits up and barks, and he can't sleep. When you watch the little dent in child's neck just above the breastbone, it caves in with each labored breath. This sign is called indrawing. Stridor (see above) is another sign to watch for. The stridor will sound worse when you child is agitated or crying. When the child is resting calmly, the stridor usually lessens or goes away. If your child is calm, but still has stridor, this is a sign that the croup is worsening and requires immediate treatment, see below. Calm your child. Croup can be frightening for your child. Crying will make the stridor sound much worse. It is important to keep your child relaxed by cuddling and staying calm yourself. Sit baby upright in your lap, play soft music, sing lullabies, read a story. If breastfeeding, offer the great pacifier. Steam up the bathroom. Humidity helps clear child's breathing passages. Turn on the hot shower in your bathroom and close the door. While keeping your child calm, sit with them on your lap in the steamy bathroom. You should see some improvement in about ten minutes. Inhalation of cool mist. If you have a cool mist humidifier or vaporizer, let your child breathe directly in front of the stream of mist. Once the child improves, keep the mist flowing near the bed for the rest of the night. If you only have a hot mist vaporizer, you can still use it but don't get too close, as child can get burned. Cool night air. If necessary, bundle-up your child and take him outside into the cool night air for 10-20 minutes, or take a slow car ride with the windows open. The misty night air is why babies with croup often improve en route to the ER. Treat the fever. Using Acetaminophen or Ibuprofen. Click on each for dosing help. Important: Do not give antihistamines or decongestants without your doctor's advice. These may dry the narrowing air passages that the moisture is trying to open. The above suggestions usually work well within about twenty minutes (an hour for the fever), and the child is able to settle back to sleep. You should observe your child closely by sleeping in the same room the rest of the night, as another croup attack is likely, and the above treatments will need to be repeated. After trying the preceding treatment, assess in which direction your child is going. If indrawing and stridor is lessening, color is returning to child's pale cheeks, or he initiates some interaction or wants to drift off to sleep (though still breathing noisily), continue with the steam and a watchful eye and ear. If you feel your child is getting worse despite the above treatments go straight to the Emergency Room. Your doctor won’t be able to treat this over the phone, so it may be best to go to the ER instead of paging your doctor and waiting for a call back. Watch for the following emergency signs, and if any of them occur take baby directly to the nearest Emergency Room. What will they do for you in the ER? As they evaluate your child, they should encourage you to hold him in your lap, remember to keep him calm. They might measure his blood oxygen level, with an oximeter or "pulse-ox". This uses a small light source that is wrapped around a finger or toe and helps determine how your child is breathing. They might have you blow cool mist in front of your child's face. If your child's croup is severe enough (which is why you're in the ER), they may give him vaporized Epinephrine to breathe with the cool mist. This works quickly to open the airways. Depending on the situation, the ER physician may recommend a short course of steroids. Don't worry; this is not the "body-building" type of steroids. These will help keep the air passages open over the next few hours to days. Your child will only be on the steroids for a few days, there are no side effects to worry about when used for this short time. The first dose often needs to be given as an injection, since the child with severe breathing difficulty is in no mood to take an oral medication, or he may throw it up.	<urn:uuid:7af403fe-b55a-4fd1-832f-70feec015c8f>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.askdrsears.com/topics/childhood-illnesses/croup	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368699881956/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516102441-00013-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.961959	1,217	2.625	3
...look at the painting in terms of individual colors. In other words, instead of simply glancing at the work, select a specific color such as yellow or a lime green, and take the time to see how it operates across the painting. Approached this way, something happens, I can't explain it. But one must enter the painting through the door of a single color. And then, you can understand what my painting is all about. --Gene Davis in an interview with Donald Wall, in Donald Wall, ed., Gene Davis (New York, Praeger Publishers, 1975) p.31	<urn:uuid:4cec3ad5-ef86-479b-85fe-d688e3ede65c>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.artnet.de/usernet/awc/awc_artisthome.asp?url=gene-davis.html	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368710006682/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516131326-00014-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.936209	123	2.125	2
Attack of the contagious yawns Originally Published: August 10, 2001 - Last Updated / Reviewed On: January 10, 2013 In reading the answer to Why do we yawn?, I was eager to find out why, then, are yawns contagious? It really seems to be true that if you watch someone yawn, within moments, you will yawn as well. It's a very curious thing. — Right under your nose Dear Right under your nose, You are not the only curious observer of human behavior; scientists and others studying yawning seem to have reached a consensus that yawns are indeed contagious, or at least that people tend to yawn in groups (a single yawn by one person is usually followed by yawning from others). The "why" part is a little more controversial. Here are the leading theories: The physiology theory Yawning is a reflex triggered by the body's need for increased oxygen (as mentioned in Why do we yawn?). In a situation where one is not getting enough oxygen (think stuffy lecture hall), others are probably also feeling the lack of O2. Seeing others yawn is a reminder to one's body that its own cells are feeling deprived, similar to how watching someone else munch a candy bar can provoke a chocolate craving in one's belly. The boredom theory Yawning is a way of displaying to others or ourselves that we find something tedious or dull. Chances are that if one person finds an activity mind numbing (go back to that lecture hall again), others are sure to agree. The evolutionary theory Yawning is a behavior left over from our bygone caveperson days, when it served as some sort of social signal to others in our pack). When we yawn at others, they yawn back to return our long-forgotten message. The social theory Another theory is that yawning is a social and communicative function that indicates mild displeasure without demonstrating a fear of an immediate threat, such as in the case of hunger, mild stress and drowsiness. There have been studies that suggest that contagious yawning is part of an empathetic response to others. Remember that none of these theories have been proven and are still being studied, and probably require much more painstaking research, discussion, regression analysis, and um... linear, uh... graphs, and... stuff! YAAAAWWWNNN!!!	<urn:uuid:f5f8d99b-de83-45b3-a1c2-a1aa4e2aa660>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://goaskalice.columbia.edu/attack-contagious-yawns	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368696383156/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516092623-00029-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.964318	486	3.078125	3
Stem Cell Basics - Introduction: What are stem cells, and why are they important? - What are the unique properties of all stem cells? - What are embryonic stem cells? - What are adult stem cells? - What are the similarities and differences between embryonic and adult stem cells? - What are induced pluripotent stem cells? - What are the potential uses of human stem cells and the obstacles that must be overcome before these potential uses will be realized? - Where can I get more information? III. What are embryonic stem cells? A. What stages of early embryonic development are important for generating embryonic stem cells? Embryonic stem cells, as their name suggests, are derived from embryos. Most embryonic stem cells are derived from embryos that develop from eggs that have been fertilized in vitro—in an in vitro fertilization clinic—and then donated for research purposes with informed consent of the donors. They are not derived from eggs fertilized in a woman's body. B. How are embryonic stem cells grown in the laboratory? Growing cells in the laboratory is known as cell culture. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are generated by transferring cells from a preimplantation-stage embryo into a plastic laboratory culture dish that contains a nutrient broth known as culture medium. The cells divide and spread over the surface of the dish. The inner surface of the culture dish is typically coated with mouse embryonic skin cells that have been treated so they will not divide. This coating layer of cells is called a feeder layer. The mouse cells in the bottom of the culture dish provide the cells a sticky surface to which they can attach. Also, the feeder cells release nutrients into the culture medium. Researchers have devised ways to grow embryonic stem cells without mouse feeder cells. This is a significant scientific advance because of the risk that viruses or other macromolecules in the mouse cells may be transmitted to the human cells. The process of generating an embryonic stem cell line is somewhat inefficient, so lines are not produced each time cells from the preimplantation-stage embryo are placed into a culture dish. However, if the plated cells survive, divide and multiply enough to crowd the dish, they are removed gently and plated into several fresh culture dishes. The process of re-plating or subculturing the cells is repeated many times and for many months. Each cycle of subculturing the cells is referred to as a passage. Once the cell line is established, the original cells yield millions of embryonic stem cells. Embryonic stem cells that have proliferated in cell culture for for a prolonged period of time without differentiating, are pluripotent, and have not developed genetic abnormalities are referred to as an embryonic stem cell line. At any stage in the process, batches of cells can be frozen and shipped to other laboratories for further culture and experimentation. C. What laboratory tests are used to identify embryonic stem cells? At various points during the process of generating embryonic stem cell lines, scientists test the cells to see whether they exhibit the fundamental properties that make them embryonic stem cells. This process is called characterization. Scientists who study human embryonic stem cells have not yet agreed on a standard battery of tests that measure the cells' fundamental properties. However, laboratories that grow human embryonic stem cell lines use several kinds of tests, including: - Growing and subculturing the stem cells for many months. This ensures that the cells are capable of long-term growth and self-renewal. Scientists inspect the cultures through a microscope to see that the cells look healthy and remain undifferentiated. - Using specific techniques to determine the presence of transcription factors that are typically produced by undifferentiated cells. Two of the most important transcription factors are Nanog and Oct4. Transcription factors help turn genes on and off at the right time, which is an important part of the processes of cell differentiation and embryonic development. In this case, both Oct 4 and Nanog are associated with maintaining the stem cells in an undifferentiated state, capable of self-renewal. - Using specific techniques to determine the presence of paricular cell surface markers that are typically produced by undifferentiated cells. - Examining the chromosomes under a microscope. This is a method to assess whether the chromosomes are damaged or if the number of chromosomes has changed. It does not detect genetic mutations in the cells. - Determining whether the cells can be re-grown, or subcultured, after freezing, thawing, and re-plating. - Testing whether the human embryonic stem cells are pluripotent by 1) allowing the cells to differentiate spontaneously in cell culture; 2) manipulating the cells so they will differentiate to form cells characteristic of the three germ layers; or 3) injecting the cells into a mouse with a suppressed immune system to test for the formation of a benign tumor called a teratoma. Since the mouse’s immune system is suppressed, the injected human stem cells are not rejected by the mouse immune system and scientists can observe growth and differentiation of the human stem cells. Teratomas typically contain a mixture of many differentiated or partly differentiated cell types—an indication that the embryonic stem cells are capable of differentiating into multiple cell types. D. How are embryonic stem cells stimulated to differentiate? As long as the embryonic stem cells in culture are grown under appropriate conditions, they can remain undifferentiated (unspecialized). But if cells are allowed to clump together to form embryoid bodies, they begin to differentiate spontaneously. They can form muscle cells, nerve cells, and many other cell types. Although spontaneous differentiation is a good indication that a culture of embryonic stem cells is healthy, it is not an efficient way to produce cultures of specific cell types. So, to generate cultures of specific types of differentiated cells—heart muscle cells, blood cells, or nerve cells, for example—scientists try to control the differentiation of embryonic stem cells. They change the chemical composition of the culture medium, alter the surface of the culture dish, or modify the cells by inserting specific genes. Through years of experimentation, scientists have established some basic protocols or "recipes" for the directed differentiation of embryonic stem cells into some specific cell types (Figure 1). (For additional examples of directed differentiation of embryonic stem cells, refer to the NIH stem cell reports available at /info/Regenerative_Medicine/ and /info/2001report/pages/2001report.aspx.) If scientists can reliably direct the differentiation of embryonic stem cells into specific cell types, they may be able to use the resulting, differentiated cells to treat certain diseases in the future. Diseases that might be treated by transplanting cells generated from human embryonic stem cells include Parkinson's disease, diabetes, traumatic spinal cord injury, Duchenne's muscular dystrophy, heart disease, and vision and hearing loss.	<urn:uuid:630ee46f-914f-4a36-8194-22010be79ef3>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://stemcells.nih.gov/info/basics/pages/basics3.aspx	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368697380733/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516094300-00035-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.934496	1,409	3.75	4
The space shuttle Challenger exploded 73 seconds after takeoff. Devastation in the Ukraine as a nuclear plant called Chernobyl suffered a cataclysmic melt down. The Fox network debute. Microsoft introduces “Windows” 1986 was the International Year of Peace. FADS and ENTERTANMENT MOVIES: “Platoon” “Top Gun” & “Aliens”. T.V.: “Oprah” Pee-wee's Playhouse ALF The Rock & Roll Hall of Fame opened its doors for the first time and welcomed Elvis, Buddy, Chuck, Fats & the Godfather of Soul. “We are the World” was recorded to help eliminate world hunger. Nintendo offered us video games to play at home. From his solo album “So” This was Peter Gabriel's first and, to this date, only number-one hit in the United States. It replaced "Invisible Touch" by his former band Genesis at number one. The song was nominated for 3 Grammy Awards: Best Male Rock Vocal Performance, Song of the Year, and Record of the Year. Here’s Peter Gabriel with “Sledgehammer” your #1@1 from July 1986	<urn:uuid:389a776f-0996-4f23-8cc1-407df80371b2>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://kslx.com/jim-owen/blog/sledgehammer-peter-gabriel-1986-0?rate=ws7PEMScuyHXEZkqLHMO92EEVUWIGQxK6YddidkNOlM	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368697974692/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516095254-00011-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.922668	271	1.523438	2
Clean Energy Action is hosting another installment in its monthly Global Warming Solutions Speaker Series on Thursday night, and the speaker this month is Alice Madden. Madden, who served as state House Majority Leader as part of her four terms as a Colorado State representative serving Boulder, currently holds the Timothy E. Wirth Chair in Sustainable Development at the University of Colorado at Denver. Before taking her current post, Madden worked on economic and environmental sustainability issues during Gov. Bill Ritter's tenure, when Colorado set its 30 percent renewable energy goal by 2020. Madden on Thursday night will share her perspectives on effective advocacy for policy based on climate science. She will also discuss how to persuade target audiences, create the next generation of environmental stewards, and also engage other relevant topics that are before the 2013 Colorado legislature. The program, Effective Climate Advocacy in an Overly Politicized World, is set for 7 to 9 p.m. Thursday - refreshments will be offered at 6:30 p.m. - and will be held at the First Presbyterian Church, 1820 15th St., Boulder. It is free and open to anyone interested in learning more about how to make an impact on energy policy decisions. For more information about Clean Energy Action, go to cleanenergyaction.org.	<urn:uuid:590ae16b-323f-4734-be09-9fa374608a7d>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.dailycamera.com/boulder-county-news/ci_22386874/clean-energy-action-hosts-alice-madden-global-warming	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368704713110/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516114513-00017-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.953536	263	1.554688	2
The annual Lindau Nobel Laureate Meeting brings a wealth of scientific minds to the shores of Germany’s Lake Constance. Every summer at Lindau, dozens of Nobel Prize winners exchange ideas with hundreds of young researchers from around the world. Whereas the Nobelists are the marquee names, the younger contingent is an accomplished group in its own right. In advance of this year’s meeting, which focuses on physics, we are profiling several promising attendees under the age of 30. The profile below is the 23rd in a series of 30. Name: Sander Huisman Born: Sneek, The Netherlands Current position: Ph.D. student at the University of Twente, The Netherlands Education: Bachelor’s degree and Master's degree the University of Twente What is your field of research? My area of research is in fluid mechanics. To be more precise, I’m looking at turbulent Taylor-Couette flow. What drew you to physics, and to that research area in particular? In high school I already enjoyed the exact sciences, and it was clear to me that I should pursue a career in science. Being able to explain everyday phenomena is what drew me to physics. In the realm of physics I ended up in turbulent flows. I see it as a experimental and theoretical challenge to be able to describe such flows. Where do you see yourself in 10 years? I hope to have a permanent position at a university and I would like to do research in fluid dynamics. I think academic research is the way to go; doing research while passing on the knowledge to the next generation. Who are your scientific heroes? Sir Geoffrey Ingram Taylor, for his many discoveries in fluid mechanics and the use of both experiments and theoretical analysis in his research. Walter Lewin, for his clear and concise way of explaining phenomena in physics, and his implementation of demonstrative experiments as part of his lectures and his engaging way of lecturing. What activities outside of physics do you most enjoy? I enjoy photography and traveling, and it is best when combined. What do you hope to gain from this year’s Lindau meeting? I’m eager to hear their stories; how did they get to the bottom of their problem, did they realize the importance of their research beforehand, what is their work ethic? I’m curious about the stories behind the discoveries. Being able to meet dozens of Nobel prize winners is, of course, a big honour, and it will be a truly inspiring experience. Also, meeting fellow young researchers could initiate long-term collaboration and friendship. Are there any Nobelists whom you are particularly excited to meet or learn from at Lindau? I would like to meet the Dutch nobelists, overall though I will go there open-minded and be inspired by all of their stories. 22. Ragnar Stroberg 30 Under 30: Lindau Nobel Laureate Meeting 24. Martina Abb	<urn:uuid:7fdd811c-2b96-4fa3-bf86-2556a1ec6f0f>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=lindau-sander-huisman	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368704713110/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516114513-00051-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.956206	612	1.648438	2
Umbilical Hernia In Children WHAT YOU SHOULD KNOW: Umbilical Hernia In Children (Discharge Care) Care Guide - Umbilical Hernia In Children - Umbilical Hernia In Children Aftercare Instructions - Umbilical Hernia In Children Discharge Care - En Espanol An umbilical hernia is a bulge through the abdominal muscles in the area of your child's navel (belly button). The hernia may contain fluid, tissue from the abdomen, or part of an organ (such as an intestine). AFTER YOU LEAVE: - Ibuprofen or acetaminophen: These medicines decrease your child's pain. They are available without a doctor's order. Ask your child's primary healthcare provider which medicine is right for your child. Ask how much medicine to give your child. Follow directions. These medicines can cause stomach bleeding if not taken correctly. Ibuprofen can cause kidney damage. Do not let your child take ibuprofen if your child has kidney disease, an ulcer, or allergies to aspirin. Acetaminophen can cause liver damage. - Do not give aspirin to children under 18 years of age: Your child could develop Reye syndrome if he takes aspirin. Reye syndrome can cause life-threatening brain and liver damage. Check your child's medicine labels for aspirin, salicylates, or oil of wintergreen. - Give your child's medicine as directed: Call your child's primary healthcare provider if you think the medicine is not working as expected. Tell him if your child is allergic to any medicine. Keep a current list of the medicines, vitamins, and herbs your child takes. Include the amounts, and when, how, and why they are taken. Bring the list or the medicines in their containers to follow-up visits. Carry your child's medicine list with you in case of an emergency. Throw away old medicine lists. Follow up with your child's primary healthcare provider as directed: Write down your questions so you remember to ask them during your visits. Contact your child's primary healthcare provider if: - Your child is crying more than normal, or he seems like he is in pain. - Your child is vomiting. - You cannot gently push your child's hernia back into his abdomen. (Do this only if your primary healthcare provider has shown you how to do it.) - Your child has trouble having a bowel movement. - Your child's abdomen seems larger, rounder, or more full than normal. - You have questions about your child's condition or care. Seek care immediately or call 911 if: - Your child has a fever. - Your child's hernia is stuck outside his abdomen and is painful, swollen, or feels hard. - Your child stops having bowel movements and stops passing gas. - Your child has blood in his bowel movement. - Your child's abdominal pain is bad or getting worse. © 2013 Truven Health Analytics Inc. Information is for End User's use only and may not be sold, redistributed or otherwise used for commercial purposes. All illustrations and images included in CareNotes® are the copyrighted property of the Blausen Databases or Truven Health Analytics. The above information is an educational aid only. It is not intended as medical advice for individual conditions or treatments. Talk to your doctor, nurse or pharmacist before following any medical regimen to see if it is safe and effective for you.	<urn:uuid:986bb541-377d-4d98-8644-0375037e9f29>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.drugs.com/cg/umbilical-hernia-in-children-discharge-care.html	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368707435344/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516123035-00060-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.916544	729	3.03125	3
View Full Version : Tried spraying 2K epoxy and it didn't go well. 12-05-2005, 07:20 AM I had completely stripped the engine compartment of paint with media blasting and sanding and throughly cleaned the bare metal to remove any grease or oils from hands, tools etc. As I sprayed the epoxy primer, mixed exactly as directed, it pitted or looked like moon craters as it sprayed on the metal. Anybody have any ideas as to what I may have missed or what went wrong? The temp was round 65-72 degrees, humidity around 50-60% Thanks everyone. It sounds like surface contamination to me. If there is the slightest amount of oil or grease on the surface it generates "fish eyes" that are craters where the paint won't flow evenly over the surface. In areas like the engine compartment you should use a pump sprayer to apply a solvent cleaner (grease and wax remover) to the surface to be painted or primed then wipe it off with paper towels. On the exterior of a car we usually do this several times to make sure the surface is clean but in the engine compartment you may need to clean it with solvent at least three or four times to insure a clean surface. If you want to cure your present condition and end up with a smooth finish you're probably going to need to remove the primer and start over. If you don't care that the surface is smooth you may be able to sand the surface and dust a little more primer on until the craters are covered. Dusting the primer on will make it have less tendency to fish eye but you will still have a low spot in the finish when you're done. You can use a sprayer like the one below or purchase a less expensive garden sprayer from a hardware store. Most Windex-type sprayers will only work once or twice before the solvent causes the seals to fail. Pouring the solvent on a cloth or paper towel and applying it will work but you'll need to go over the surface more than if the solvent is sprayed and it's more difficult to get the contaminants removed using the wipe-on/wipe-off method. USC Pressurized Sprayer Link (http://autobodystore.net/Merchant2/merchant.mvc?Screen=PROD&Product_Code=USC70305&Category_Code=PSH) 12-05-2005, 10:06 AM In areas like the engine compartment you should use a pump sprayer to apply a solvent cleaner (grease and wax remover) to the surface to be painted or primed then wipe it off with paper towels. I just pour grease and wax remover into my primer gun, and run at about 90psi. That a problem? I also tried spraying solvent cleaner out of a spray gun for a short time but it's so thin that a lot (if not most) of the solvent goes into the air. Not only do you waist half the solvent but, without breathing apparatus, you end up inhaling a lot more of the fumes. It would pay to go to Home Depot and purchase a pump sprayer for $6. or invest is a pressurized sprayer, they work great and you'll use a lot less solvent. Powered by vBulletin® Version 4.2.0 Copyright © 2013 vBulletin Solutions, Inc. All rights reserved.	<urn:uuid:96ea693c-c22f-4c42-ae1c-7fdf64b89db3>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://autobodystore.com/forum/archive/index.php/t-84.html	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368705559639/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516115919-00025-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.937657	708	1.796875	2
The CORE Foundation 2020 W. Harrison Street, Chicago, IL 60612-3741 (312) 572-4760 (Phone) (312) 572-4504 (Fax) The mission of the CORE Center is to provide the highest quality care for persons and families affected by infectious diseases with respect, dignity and compassion, and ensure a patient-centered and consumer-guided environment. It seeks to better understand and prevent these diseases through education and research.Grant Project Information CORE Linkage to Life Program The purpose of the CORE project is to improve HIV-related health outcomes for African Americans and Latinos recently discharged from correctional and substance abuse inpatient facilities, as well as the individuals' families. It will address gaps in and lack of coordination between health care and social support services available to the target population. CORE will form a network of medical and social services with five agencies that comprise the Public Health Safety Net Provider System and the Cook County Health and Hospitals System. Program participants will be assigned a patient navigator who will help guide them through network services. Participants who have been recently released from substance abuse programs will also be assigned a drug and alcohol counselor. Furthermore, all participants will be enrolled in job readiness and placement programs. The intended outcomes of this program include increased access to health and social services, and improved HIV/AIDS health outcomes among the target population. In order to determine if such outcomes are reached, data will be regularly collected from medical records and focus group discussions. OMH objective(s) toward which the project's results most contribute (check all that apply): - Increased awareness, education, & outreach to address racial/ethnic minority health & health disparities problems - Improved access to, and appropriate utilization of, health & other community-based services and systems through user-centered design for racial/ethnic minorities (e.g., health IT, culturally/ linguistically appropriate services, service provider education/ training, workforce diversity) Key Healthy People 2010 objectives or subobjectives toward which your project's results most contribute (see Appendix 3 of OMH's Evaluation Planning Guidelines): Healthy People objectives were not identified.	<urn:uuid:dc2b9e0a-a9f7-4679-b5b3-cfb5004a26ff>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.minorityhealth.hhs.gov/templates/content.aspx?ID=9123&lvl=3&lvlID=576	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368703682988/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516112802-00050-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.919363	441	1.78125	2
As revealed by The Daily Caller, Obama wrote in his autobiography "Dreams from My Father: A Story of Race and Inheritance": "With Lolo, I learned how to eat small green chill peppers raw with dinner (plenty of rice), and, away from the dinner table, I was introduced to dog meat (tough), snake meat (tougher), and roasted grasshopper (crunchy)." Lolo Soetoro was Obama's stepfather who was married to Obama's mother, Ann Dunham, from 1965-80. Soetoro was Indonesian and brought Dunham and Obama to live with him in Indonesia from 1967-71, when Obama was roughly six to ten years old. While many Americans may say "Eeewww" to the thought of eating snake and grasshopper, critics of the President are focusing on the dog meat. The Daily Caller has updated their post over a dozen times with jokes such as "Mitt Romney gave his dog diarrhea. Barack Obama’s dog gave him diarrhea." Supporters of the President are quick to point out that Obama's dog-eating took place when he was a child. White House Press Secretary Jay Carney has tried to downplay the incident, joking, "Making a big deal out of it sounds like somebody who’s trying to get out of the doghouse on something." According to the New York Post, when Romney was asked about the dog meat controversy, he responded, "This campaign is going to ultimately become about jobs not dogs." What does this all mean in terms of animal rights? Eating a dog is no better or worse than eating a cow, a pig, a chicken or a lion. To believe that dogs, whales or elephants are special and deserving of more rights than cows is speciesist. And to single out the dog meat when the President eats all kinds of animal products is speciesist. Whether dog meat is an acceptable part of Indonesian culture is debatable, but from an animal rights viewpoint, whether a certain type of animal exploitation is culturally or socially acceptable is irrelevant. Animals have a right to be free of human use and exploitation. How does Obama eating dog meat compare to Romney strapping Seamus to the roof of the car? Both actions are objectionable to animal advocates. While an animal would almost certainly prefer being strapped to a moving vehicle over being eaten, Romney tied his dog to the roof of his car in addition to eating animals. Obama just ate animals. As Romney correctly pointed out, these incidents are unlikely to sway voters. Supporters of each candidate will find a way to overlook or even excuse certain transgressions while considering a larger picture of issues they find important. For animal advocates, Obama's disappointing animal protection record is of much more concern than a dog meat incident from the President's childhood. Similarly, the fact that Romney hunts and supports rodeos is more important to animal advocates than a single incident that took place nearly thirty years ago.	<urn:uuid:0602b25c-b497-4292-bdd1-30c4bba076a6>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://animalrights.about.com/od/animalrights101/a/Obama-Criticized-For-Eating-Dog-Meat.htm	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368700264179/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516103104-00043-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.97371	601	1.664063	2
02-06-2013 02:22 PM Maybe someone can point me to a reference or material to learn, or even explain this in simple terms... fairly new keyboarder, know some music theory but I've been around forever. Seems like when I'm making up solos to go along with songs, they don't follow a key...like the song I' learning I can play riff or solo notes except B, F, and any black keys; another song I know I can play any note but B and black keys and it sounds OK. When I write my keyboard tabs for a song to practice/play, I write down these details so I can play some little accmpnt riffs in the song instead of just doing chords for variety.... but they often do not correspond to any key the song is in, but I know I can play these notes and they sound OK in the song. Is there any method/rules/theory on this or just trial and error with each song? 02-06-2013 05:30 PM It sounds like you are ready to explore scale tones. Given any key center, there are a half dozen or so scales that can be played, and you learn to play connected melodies on these scale tones. This article explains the various modes, major, minor etc scales that make up the language: Learn to recognize how these various scales sound, and you will have a methodical basis of constructing things you want to play. 02-07-2013 08:29 AM - edited 02-07-2013 08:33 AM Basic musical theory is typically driven from scales. I started taking piano lessons when I was 9. First thing I was taught were the keys themselves. After understanding the keys and their tones the next 5 years of lessons ALWAYS started with scales. Understanding scales and their interrelationship with the tones is very important. So I'd focus on understanding scales and chords. Example, a C6 chord (which is a major chord) when inverted is the same as an A min 7 ( a minor chord). So within the context of how those chords are played you can sound like Steely Dan or you can just plain sound dissonant in tone. Learn and understand scales and chords will go along way to blending your soloing technique and solo note choices. HarmonyCentral.com is the leading Internet resource for musicians, supplying valuable information from news and product reviews, to classified ads and chat rooms.	<urn:uuid:12d201d8-45e4-48a8-b826-77b1da1cc970>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.harmonycentral.com/t5/Keys-Synths-amp-Samplers/Newer-keyboarder-solo-keys/m-p/34721268	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368704713110/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516114513-00027-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.944976	501	2.796875	3
Add your answer here. Check out some similar questions! Absorption Costing Method and Marginal Costing Method [ 0 Answers ] A company's normal capacity utilization is reckoned as 90%, it has a production capacity of 200000 units per year. Standard variable production cost and the variable selling cost are Rs. 11 and Rs. 3 per unit respectively. However the fixed cost and the fixed selling cost are rs. 360000 and Rs.... Declining balance depreciation method [ 1 Answers ] Same question as before someone asked but I want to find out what is written in the last year (6th year) of the 200% declining balance depreciation method because it wasn't stated, for example machine was purchased on september 1st 2004 for 108000$ , estimated usefull life 5 years, and residual... View more Ethics questions Search	<urn:uuid:d56e2484-4ac1-480e-9c3d-33d39487147f>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.askmehelpdesk.com/ethics/depreciation-method-ethics-103181.html	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368702448584/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516110728-00016-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.946687	173	2.3125	2
Do's and don’ts posters in front of Delhi schools, colleges New Delhi: Go home directly after school hours and inform parents if they are going out. This and few other advices are seen in posters by Delhi Police outside educational institutions in some areas of the national capital. The posters appeared in front of some colleges and schools in southeast Delhi only. Delhi Police headquarters said it has not authorised any such posters. The do's and don’ts poster came as an awareness campaign launched against the backdrop of the gang-rape and brutal assault of a 23-year-old girl in a moving bus last month. She died on December 29. The poster advices girl students not to lose self confidence, inform Police Control Room about any suspicious people and never remain silent over harassment. "After school, go home directly. If going out, inform parents. If going to any friend's place inform parents. The bag should contain a piece of paper with their address and phone number. "Do not talk to strangers or take lift from them. Do not go out of school premises without teachers' permission. Do not take food, cold drinks or gifts from strangers," the posters said.	<urn:uuid:5871050f-15a8-4066-9366-fc3ead8fcd37>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://zeenews.india.com/print.aspx?nid=822078	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368706890813/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516122130-00062-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.965464	244	1.71875	2
Judith Steiner-Freud was a prominent figure in nursing and among those who led the academization of the profession in Israel. She was born in 1919 to a Zionist family in Brno, Czechoslovakia. Her father, Arthur Shimshon Steiner (1875–1938), was an engineer in the civil service and an amateur pianist. Her mother, Paula Esther Grosser (1894–Auschwitz 1944), was active in the Blau-Weiss youth movement and in the Women’s International Zionist Organization (WIZO). Steiner-Freud received a high-school education and also joined the Blau-Weiss. In 1933 she attended the Eighteenth Zionist Congress, which took place in Prague. In December 1939 Steiner-Freud managed to obtain an immigration certificate to Palestine from the Hebrew University. Most of her family were killed in extermination camps. From 1941 to 1944 Steiner-Freud studied at the Henrietta Szold Hadassah School of Nursing on Mount Scopus. She graduated with honors and was invited to teach at the school. About a year later, she married Eli Freud (b. 1914), who led the Israel Bach Association, conducted and played various musical instruments, mostly the organ, and performed throughout the world. The couple had a daughter, Esther (b. 1948), and a son, David Dov Shimshon (b. 1951). In 1960, Steiner-Freud received her bachelor’s degree in education and sociology, and in 1972 her master’s degree in public health from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. She also took various supplementary training courses in the United States. In 1953 she was appointed deputy director of the nursing school and as nursing teacher at the Hebrew University and Hadassah Medical School. From 1967 to 1983 Steiner-Freud directed the nursing school. From 1975 she also served as deputy dean of nursing in the medical faculty of Hadassah and the Hebrew University in Jerusalem, whose nursing school at that time received accreditation as an academic institution. This academic recognition was her most prominent accomplishment, the result of twenty years of strenuous effort. Hadassah’s program was basic, with a clinical emphasis. Its nursing school served as a model for other university schools that opened in the country, among them two branches of the Hadassah school: Assaf ha-Rofe School of Nursing in Zerifin and Kaplan School of Nursing in Rehovot. Steiner-Freud believed that nurses should be trained at a high professional level that would allow them to be equal members of the treatment team in the various health-care settings. “The striving for academization derived from an educational, Israeli world-view,” she asserted, adding, “I believe that nursing as a profession has a very important function in creating an appropriate health-care system. Nursing will fulfill its function when it has the power and influence that come from knowledge, social involvement and reliability.” Steiner-Freud participated in and supervised Hadassah’s nursing program for young women from Malawi, which operated in the 1960s, when Israel was aiding Africa. From 1983 to 1996 she was a lecturer at Hadassah’s nursing school, and from 1983 to 1985 she also lectured in the nursing department at Tel Aviv University. After her retirement she re-opened the nursing school in Safed, which was intended to provide nurses for the Galilee. From 1984 to 1989 she served as its Health Ministry consultant. Throughout her professional life, Steiner-Freud worked in clinical instruction, teaching, management and consulting for various nursing training schools. She was a member of various committees, including the committee of nursing school directors (1968–1983); the Health Ministry committee for determining the professional status of nurses from abroad (1975–1987); the advisory committee for nursing training institutions and Tel Aviv University’s nursing faculty; the Abu Sina nursing school in Ramallah; the Recanati school for health-care professions at Ben-Gurion University of the Negev (1978–1981); and, from 1991, the committee of Sha’are Zedek’s Nursing School. She lectured at many conferences in Israel and throughout the world, including the University of California in San Francisco (1983), Germany (1984), Workshop on European Nursing for Research (Jerusalem, 1989) and the Nurses’ Association conference in the Czech Republic (1996). An active member of the Israel Nursing Association from 1967 to 1985, she represented Israel at conferences of the International Council of Nurses in 1977, 1979 and 1983 in Tokyo, Nairobi and Seoul. Steiner-Freud conducted research on various subjects, sometimes collaborating with other researchers. Among her topics were the student-patient relationship, nursing in Israel, and a study of the work and retirement patterns of the Hadassah graduates. Steiner-Freud also wrote histories, including that of the Israel Nursing Association (with Rebecca Adams-Stockler); the biographies of members of the Hadassah School of Nursing’s first graduating class, and the academization of nursing. Steiner-Freud ensured the funding and organization of the archives at the Hadassah School of Nursing, some of which are located at the Central Zionist Archive in Jerusalem. Steiner-Freud is also active in public affairs, for example as a member of the boards of the Czechoslovakian Immigrants’ Society (beginning in 1977), the Blau-Weiss alumni group (1984–1992), and the Africa-Israel Friendship Association (from 1985). In close contact with the Hadassah in the United States, Steiner-Freud was invited to lecture at its conferences, including that held in 1969 in New Orleans on the fiftieth anniversary of the school’s founding. She received numerous awards, among them Hadassah’s Outstanding Graduate prize in Baltimore in 1987 to mark the seventy-fifth anniversary of Hadassah’s founding, its Woman of Valor award in New York in 1992, and in 2000 Hadassah’s Distinguished Woman award in a ceremony held in the Knesset. In 1983 she received the Worthy of the Assaf ha-Rofe Nursing School Award and in 1998 was named a Worthy of the Hadassah School of Nursing. In 1986, she received the outstanding employee prize awarded by the director-general of the Ministry of Health. In 1990 Steiner-Freud resumed organizing the Hadassah alumni and since then has served as the chairwoman of its activity, including the publication of its biannual alumni magazine. She remains a source of support and help to colleagues and students alike and continues to connect alumni with their alma mater, the Hadassah School of Nursing. In January 2004 the Minister of Health, Dan Naveh, awarded her a citation for her life’s work. Steiner-Freud, Judith. “Changes in Nurses’ Education” (Hebrew). The Nurse in Israel, 71, (December 1970): 22–24; Idem. “How Far Did Israel’s Nursing Education for Nurses from Africa Achieve Its Objectives?”. International Nursing Review 18:4 (1971): 315–325; Idem. “Changing Attitudes to Health and Illness: Effects on Nursing Practice.” International Nursing Review 25:5 (1978): 143–145; Idem. “Nursing in Israel.” In Quo Vadis, edited by Rachel Rotkovitz. Connecticut: 1982; Idem. “Personal and Social Factors Influencing the Professional Life Span of Nurses” (Hebrew). The Nurse in Israel 121 (1983): 21–23; Adams-Stockler Rebecca and Judith Steiner-Freud “History of the Israeli Nursing Association” (mimeographed), 1985: Idem. “Judith Freud (Steiner).” In Students’ Rescue by Aliyah. Edited by Sinai Leichter and Hayyim Milkov, 217–219 (Hebrew). Jerusalem: 1993; Freund-Rosenthal, Miriam, ed. “Steiner-Freud, Judith.” In A Tapestry of Hadassah Memories. North Carolina: 1994, 240–246; Bartal, Nira, and Judith Steiner-Freud. The First Graduating Class, Hadassah School of Nursing, 1921. Jerusalem: 1999; Steiner-Freud, Judith and Nira Bartal. “Trends Towards Academia in The Henrietta Szold School of Nursing in Jerusalem, 1921–1984: A Historical Investigation” (Hebrew). In The Nurse in Israel. Edited by Avishai Goldberg and Shifra Schwartz. Beersheba: forthcoming; Steiner-Freud, Judith. Interview with author. Jerusalem: 2003.	<urn:uuid:1b7f638e-c9e4-4a27-8459-d573abe47ff3>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://jwa.org/encyclopedia/article/steiner-freud-judith	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368706890813/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516122130-00018-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.960192	1,848	2.75	3
BRUSSELS — The European Commission is calling for EU member states to develop national network information security cooperation plans to be activated in the case of cyber incidents. In a strategy unveiled Feb. 7, the commission argues that member states should be able to clearly allocate roles and responsibilities to optimize response. Information sharing between national entities and with the private sector should be encouraged to enable the member states and the private sector to maintain an overall view of different threats and get a better understanding of new trends and techniques used to commit cyber attacks, says the strategy. “The prevention, detection and response to cyber incidents should improve and member states and the Commission should keep each other more closely informed about major cyber incidents or attacks,” the commission says. “If the incident seems to relate to cyber espionage or a state-sponsored attack, or has national security implications, national security and defence authorities will alert their relevant counterparts, so that they know they are under attack and can defend themselves. Early warning mechanisms will then be activated and, if required, so will crisis management or other procedures,” says the commission. “A particularly serious cyber incident or attack could constitute sufficient ground for a member state to invoke the EU Solidarity Clause (Article 222 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union),” it adds. In response to a question about cyber attacks coming from China, the EU’s foreign policy chief, Catherine Ashton, refused to comment on intelligence operations regarding the origins of cyber attacks. However, she did say that cybersecurity was an increasing part of the EU’s dialogues with other countries, including China, India and the U.S. The commission also makes it clear that it is not planning to take on a supervisory role with regard to cybersecurity. “Given the complexity of the issue and the diverse range of actors involved, centralised, European supervision is not the answer. National governments are best placed to organise the prevention and response to cyber incidents and attacks, and to establish contacts and network with the private sector and the general public across their established policy streams and legal frameworks,” it says. In terms of civil-military coordination, the strategy pushes for “coordination and collaboration” among the EU’s Network Information Security Agency, the Europol Cybercrime Centre and the European Defence Agency (EDA) “in a number of areas where they are jointly involved, notably in terms of trends analysis, risk assessment, training and sharing of best practices.” The EU military staff and the EDA cyberdefense project team can be used as the vector for coordination, adds the strategy. The strategy will now be sent to EU countries and the European Parliament for their endorsement. Progress toward achieving these objectives will be assessed at a high-level conference in a year’s time.	<urn:uuid:df9271cb-199f-44b7-939c-f3935f77ace5>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.defensenews.com/article/20130207/DEFREG01/302070017/Commission-Calls-EU-wide-Cybersecurity-Cooperation?odyssey=nav%257Chead	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368705953421/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516120553-00009-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.938308	581	2.15625	2
For more information write to or call: Sheridan Heritage Center P.O. Box 6393 Sheridan, WY 82801 Thank you to the 2009 Sponsors: The Sheridan Press The City of Sheridan Sheridan Travel & Tourism Balding Bits & Spurs Big Horn Mtn Radio ERA Carroll Realty Homer Scott Jr. Best Out West Antiques & Collectibles Best Western Sheridan Center Crazy WomanTrading Co. First Interstate Bank Powder River Heating Farmer's Co Op Sheridan School Dist #2 Sheridan County Chamber of Commerce Rocky Mountain Ambulance High Mountain Mercantile The Pony Express Rides Into History Written and published by the United States Postal Service A little more than a hundred years ago, a courageous band of young men enlisted in an incredible enterprise to carry mail by pony relays through 2,000 miles of savage wilderness in frontier America between St. Joseph, Mo., and They took an oath on the Bible of honesty and devotion to duty and went on, despite the daily threat of death, to carry the mail 616,000 miles--equal to 24 times around the earth--during the 18 months the enterprise oper-ated. In doing so, they wrote the unforgettable chapter of "The Pony Express" into American History. The Pony Express was a horse relay mail carrying system operating in both directions between Missouri and California. The service carried the mail in 10 days from St. Joseph to Sacramento, and cut in half the time required to send mail by coach. It continued for 18 months, from April 1860 until October 1861, when the cross-country telegraph was In all, 308 runs were made each way, delivering 34,753 pieces of mail. Postage was $5 per half ounce at first, but was later reduced to $1 a half ounce. Each run carried up to 20 pounds of mail. Most accounts in-dicate about 90 Pony Express rid-ers, 119 relay stations and 500 horses were used at one time or an-other during the 18 months. On an average day, the Pony Expressman rode 75 to 100 miles. He changed horses at relay stations, placed about 10-15 miles apart, transferring his "mochila" (a saddle cover with four pockets or "Cantinas" for mail) to the new mount at the same time. This leap from the old mount--mochila in hand--to the fresh horse took about two minutes. The rider ended his duty at major "home" The Pony Express ran through parts of Missouri, Kansas, Nebraska, Colorado, Wyoming, Utah, Nevada and California. It is not surprising that it captured the essence of much of our whole national pioneer history, nor that it fired the nation's imagination. Since the dawn of history, mail couriers have had great popular appeal. The ancient Greek historian, Herodutus, produced the unofficial motto of the modern mail service when he wrote about another rapid horse relay postal system operating in ancient Persia, hundreds of years before Christ's birth. Herodutus' familiar words of about 2,500 years ago are: "Neither snow, nor rain, nor heat, nor gloom of night, stays these couriers from the swift completion of their appointed The Pony Express mail service was extremely important to the development of the American West, despite its short life. At that time, St. Joseph, Mo., as the westernmost point which the railroad and telegraph had reached, was a strategic starting point over the heart of the "great American desert" by way of the direct "Central" route to the West. Except for a few forts and settlements, however, the route beyond St. Joseph was a vast silent wilderness inhabited primarily by Indians. Transportation across this area on a year-round basis was believed impossible because of weather. It took two months to send a letter home and get a reply. This isolation was felt keenly, especially in California, and Americans insisted on faster mail service. Also, in early 1860, California was on the edge of secession, and rapid communication with the East and the government in Washington was Three American transportation pioneers, William H. Russell, Alexander Majors and William B. Waddell, organized this famous mail service. Historians disagree on who had the first idea for a western Pony Express. But Russell, in conferences in Washington, D.C., in early 1860 with California's U.S. Senator William Gwin, then chairman of the Senate Post Office and Post Roads Committee, was responsible for putting the Pony Express into operation. On Jan. 27, 1860, Russell dramatically wired his Fort Leavenworth, Kan., office that he had resolved to start the Pony Express "time 10 days." That preparations for the mammoth undertaking were com-pleted before April 3, 1860, was a masterpiece of organization. New stagecoach stations were built and existing ones readied for use. A company--the Central Overland California and Pike's Peak Express--was formed for Pony Express operations. The following newspaper advertisement was published: "Wanted: Young, skinny, wirey fellows not over 18. Must be expert riders willing to risk death daily. Orphans preferred. Wages $25 per week." Riders were recruited hastily, but carefully. They were presented with a Bible and took an oath not to swear, fight or abuse their animals, and to conduct themselves honestly. The country was combed for horseflesh, for the first Pony Express horses, including the famous "mustangs," were to challenge deserts, mountains and lonely plains, and the riders to face thirst in summer, freezing in winter, and always sudden death. Meanwhile, in early 1860, news-papers had announced a letter deliv-ery service to and from the West: 13 days from New York City to San Francisco, including train time to St. Joseph. On March 31, 1860, the first Pony Express mail was dispatched from Washington and New York by a messenger on board trains to St. Joseph. The messenger missed a train connection, unfortunately, which meant he would be two hours late out of Hannibal, Miss. Men of the Hannibal and St. Joseph Railroad met the emer-gency, however, with one of the most famous mail train rides in history. The main track was cleared and all switches closed. Engineer Addison Clark highballed along for a famous "fast mail" run that was to stand as a record for 50 years, covering the 206 miles from Hannibal to St. Joseph in four hours and 51 minutes, an average of 40 miles per hour. As the crowd assembled in St. Joseph watched and a brass band played, the mail was stowed in the cantinas. There were 49 letters, five telegrams and some special edition newspapers, written or printed on tissue paper and wrapped in oilskin. Who the first rider was out of St. Joseph is still a moot question. Records split about evenly between two men, Johnny Fry (also spelled Frey and Frye) and Billy Richardson. About 7 p.m. on April 3, as a cannon boomed in salute, the Pony Express rider was off and one of the most colorful chapters in American history began. The first rider out of Sacramento was Sam Hamilton. His eastbound ride began on a dark, disagreeable night, a few hours after midnight on April 3. It had been raining for two days, and the streets were a sea of mud. The steamer carrying mail from San Francisco to Sacramento for the first Pony Express run was hours overdue. As the steamer came in, the mochila was tossed to Sam. On his first three mustangs, he rode 20 miles through rain, mud and darkness in 59 minutes to Folsom, Calif. From Folsom the run was even more difficult. It was pitch dark and the rain came down in sheets. The trail to Placerville, Calif., was a series of ups and downs, and the success of the night ride depended largely on instinct of the ponies. Three times the ponies went down in the darkness, but the rider continued to From Placerville, a steep trail wound up Hangtown Gulch with a rise in elevation of 2,000 feet during the 13 miles to Sportsman's Hall, Calif., the end of Sam's run. As daylight came, the weather became worse and the rain changed to sleet. Not very far from a Pony Express station midway between Placerville and Sportman's Hall, Sam's horse went down again. Sam fell heavily, ripping his cheek against a boulder. After blowing four blasts on his horn to alert the relay man, he snatched the mochila from his saddle and ran toward the waiting fresh pony. Within three minutes, Sam was mounted again and racing up the icy trail toward Sportman's Hall. At 6:48 a.m., on April 4, 1860, Sam reached Sportman's Hall, the end of his run. In four hours and three minutes of rain and sleet swept darkness, he had ridden 60 miles over incredibly muddy and treacherous trails, had changed ponies eight times, and had climbed 4,000 feet into the Sierra Nevadas. He had picked up enough time to give the next rider, Warren Upson, son of the editor of the Sacramento Union, at least a chance of getting over the summit of the Sierra Nevada mountains despite a raging snowstorm that had stopped all traffic. There was not much said between the two. According to one account, Warren asked; "Rough trip, Sam?" Sam replied: "Twan't Upson's ride across the icebound Sierra Nevadas from Sportman's Hall to Friday's Station, near the California-Nevada state line, was one of the most difficult in the history of mail carrying. The great bliz-zard had turned the trail into a bleak, frozen no-man's land. Upson groped most of the way, at times dismounted, and always was nearly blinded by driving sleet, knowing he might fall to his death at any moment. But he arrived safely at the station with the mail. Another famous rider was "Pony Bob" Haslam, who made one of the greatest mail rides in American history in March 1861. Because of the importance of making fast delivery on President Lincoln's 1861 inaugural address, elaborate preparations had been made to speed the address from St. Joseph to Sacramento. A fresh pony was stationed every 10 miles along the 1,966 mile route. "Pony Bob," whose regular run was from Friday's Station to Fort Churchill, Nev., was selected to make the ride over the trails from Smith's Creek to Fort Churchill, an especially hazardous section, as the warring Paiutes had been attacking travelers all through that One story tells how Pony Bob received the mochila with President Lincoln's address at Smith's Creek, Nev., and sped west, making the fastest run ever to Cold Springs, Nev., one of the major stops along the trail to Fort Churchill. He had seen no Indians along the way, and this seemed too good to be true. At Cold Springs, he asked for "Old Buck," not the fastest horse, but one noted for fighting against the Indians. Mounted on Old Buck and on his way to Fort Churchill, Pony Bob found himself charging through a series of ambushes. Finally, Old Buck pointed his ears forward and snorted a warning as Haslam cocked his two guns and rode on. Indians came at him from all directions. Dropped flat on his horse, Bob raced on as Indians boiled out of the brush, firing bullets and arrows from every direction. Soon he was surrounded by mounted war-riors, several on stolen Pony Express Old Buck could outrun the Indian ponies, but not the swift Pony Express ponies. Bob had no choice but to shoot the ponies as they approached him. One by one, Haslam got the Indian ponies, until there were only three left. As these dropped back, an arrow struck Bob's left arm, hit the bone and remained there quivering. Haslam managed to get the arrow out, and rode on through a narrow ravine that forced the Indians following him to fall into single file. He was able to shoot down two more Indian ponies, but the third escaped. Tossing away one empty revolver, he took out the other one and turned to fire at the oncoming Indian. An arrow tore into his cheek, knocking out five teeth and fracturing his jaw. He did not lose consciousness, but turned and emptied his gun at the remaining Indian. Old Buck carried him to Middle Gate Relay Station. There, Bob spent a few minutes caring for his wounds, but he insisted on finish-ing his run to Fort Churchill. In this remarkable episode, the famous Pony Express rider, badly wounded, had gone 120 miles in eight hours and 10 minutes under circumstances that make today's Wild West stories seem tame. Pony Bob's epic ride was a part of the fastest trip made by the Pony Express. The mail was carried from St. Joseph, Mo., to Sacramento, Calif., in seven days and 17 hours. Johnny Fry, listed by some as the first rider, was little more than a boy when he entered the Express service. He was from Missouri and weighed under 125 pounds. An early account states, "Though small in stature, he was every inch a man. His run was from St. Joseph to Seneca, Kan., about 80 miles, which he covered in an average of 121/2 miles per hour, including all stops." He later en-tered the Union Army, and was killed in 1863 in a hand-to-hand fight in which he was credited with killing five assailants before he was killed himself. In addition to contributing men to Civil War forces, the Pony Express had other prominent associations with the great conflict. By mid-1861, for example, the Pony Express was carrying 32 pounds of government mail per month, some of it to President Lincoln and much of it related to military mat-ters. One famous illustration of how the Pony Express allegedly helped save California for the Union is the Pony Express letter that foiled a plot to turn military stores over to the South in California. James McClatchy, founder of the Sacramento Bee, discovered that General Albert Sidney Johnston, then in charge of the Union's Army Department of the Pacific, was planning to turn the army stores over to the Confederates. McClatchy sent word of this to Washington by Pony Express. The letter was re-layed to President Lincoln, who or-dered U.S. General Edwin Summer to California immediately, relieving Johnston of his post and blocking the plot. Another well-known rider of the Pony Express was "Buffalo Bill." William F. Cody was said to have been in his early teens when he entered the famous mail service. Cody is credited with many notable feats, including a ride aggregating 384 miles without any real rest period, referred to by some authorities as probably the longest continuous performance of its kind. The role of women in the Pony Express is largely a mystery. Very little is known about the wives and sweethearts associated with the Pony Express. As with many great, true chapters in our history, many legends--even myths--have grown up about the Pony Express. One of the most interesting of these is that sweethearts of some of the riders met them along the route with cookies and sweets. One legend even credits the invention of the doughnut to one of these girls. She is supposed to have put a hole in the middle of one of her small cakes so that her boyfriend could catch it on the barrel of his gun as he rode In October 1861, when the telegraph had spanned the nation, the Pony Express was disbanded. But it had served a great purpose. It had blazed the way to the West, demonstrating dramatically that the short "Central" route across the nation was feasible for travel in all kinds of weather. It had aided in the preservation of the Union by helping keep the West, with its gold, in the Union in the early crucial days of the Civil War. And finally, it had compressed into a few immortal pages of history the fines characteristics of our free way of life--enterprise, courage, fidelity to duty, and the conviction that any worthwhile goal can be achieved through diligence and hard work.	<urn:uuid:4ea4559e-9452-42ea-bb37-693a2bb779a9>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.buffalobilldays.org/history/express-history.htm	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368698924319/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516100844-00005-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.962734	3,631	2.453125	2
Will Congress emulate famed Oakland Raiders punter Ray Guy in its approach… (Associated Press ) As someone who writes about the economy and the federal budget, I've been forced to use the phrase "fiscal cliff" repeatedly in recent months. Chances are better than good that I'll use it many more times in the coming weeks, as President Obama and congressional leaders try to avoid... And here is where I run into a metaphorical wall. What happens if you don't avoid a cliff? You go over it, plummeting into the abyss. Or the ravine. Or the valley below. Whatever. It's a very binary thing: Either you avert disaster, or you don't. The problem policymakers in Washington face is real and potentially catastrophic, but it isn't so binary. We need a better metaphor. "Fiscal cliff" refers to the simultaneous expiration of numerous temporary tax breaks -- including the lower rates enacted during President George W. Bush's first term and the 2-percentage-point cut in payroll taxes Congress put in place two years ago -- and an assortment of spending cuts, including across-the-board reductions in defense and social programs as well as the end of extended unemployment benefits. Economists at the Congressional Budget Office warn that allowing all of these changes to go into effect would send the economy back into a recession, although the changes also would do a bang-up job of reducing the federal deficit. Conservatives have embraced the imagery because it fits with their argument that tax increases will choke off the recovery, which is weak enough as it is. Liberals aren't so troubled by the idea of the Bush-era tax cuts expiring; if the rates returned to their pre-2001 levels, Democrats could then push for tax cuts for just the lower and middle brackets without having to persuade Republicans to violate that pesky Grover Norquist pledge. Nevertheless, the left argues that slashing federal spending will choke off the recovery. So Democrats have started using phrases such as the "fiscal slope" to describe the looming problem. I think the "slope" imagery is insufficiently threatening. The CBO projects that the economy would shrink significantly in the first half of the year before rebounding anemically in the second half. Such a setback would cause unemployment to spike, pushing more than a million more workers out of their jobs. Considering how slowly the economy has been growing, the last thing the country needs is to shrink payrolls. On the other hand, the tax hikes and spending cuts amount to a "cliff" only if Congress does absolutely nothing about them. As poorly as lawmakers have performed in recent years, they're not that irresponsible. (I look forward to the many comments from readers taking issue with me on this point.) Even if they do, the full impact of the changes won't be felt immediately (except by the unemployed, whose federal benefits will be cut off). Paychecks will shrink a bit because more taxes will be withheld, and the spending cuts will be spread over the remaining nine months of the fiscal year. It'll feel less like plummeting to a fiery end than death by 1,000 cuts. The most likely scenario is that most or all of the cuts will be postponed, and most or all of the tax breaks will be extended. In short, Congress will punt. And one cannot punt over a cliff, unless you're Ray Guy. Besides, Congress wouldn't be avoiding the fiscal ramifications forever; it would simply be postponing the effective date. It's also possible that Congress will push back a portion of the cuts and allow some of the tax breaks to lapse, such as the payroll tax holiday, while it works out a so-called grand bargain on the budget. Such a move would deliver a significantly softer blow to the economy than the full slate of cuts and hikes. Yes, it's possible that Congress and the administration will take the cuts and breaks completely off the table by agreeing to an economic plan that brings the deficit under control while also stimulating economic growth, rather than stifling it. But that's precious close to magical thinking. Readers, here's where you come in. What's the right phrase to describe the problem that policymakers are facing? Is it a Mjolnir-like hammer suspended over the economy? Is it a "fiscal fast," a phrase coined by Derek Thompson at the Atlantic to convey an economy robbed of nutrients? A "fiscal plastic bag over the head," a phrase I just coined to make fun of Thompson? An "austerity bomb," the description Brian Beutler of Talking Points Memo used after the CBO issued its first warning? Come up with your own imagery, or endorse someone else's particularly apt metaphor. Whoever submits the best original suggestion will find their phrase incorporated by me into many an Opinion L.A. blog post in the coming weeks -- with all due credit given to the author, because that's how we like to do things here. Daum: The frump factor and Holly Petraeus A young reporter irks Pelosi with a question about her age Mitt Romney and Ron Paul: Who had the better exit lines? Follow Jon Healey on Twitter @jcahealey	<urn:uuid:2797dd62-c456-4c0a-ac93-4feb152a79de>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://articles.latimes.com/2012/nov/16/news/la-ol-fiscal-cliff-by-any-other-name-20121116	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368708766848/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516125246-00025-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.958866	1,061	1.679688	2
Wakefield History: A Century Ago, Town Was Rocked By A December Double Murder Back in December of 1908, a shocking crime rocked Wakefield that could have easily had more victims. While doing research for the look back at a long-ago Christmas that ran Tuesday on Wakefield Patch, another very non-Christmasy story came up that has one or two echoes of things we’re reading a lot of in the news these days and which was appropriate to hold for a day. Basically, the December 25, 1908 issue of the Wakefield Citizen & Banner had a back-page story with the headline “Crazed Man Murders His Two Children.” Hiram L. Badger, 42, lived in a small house behind 394 Main Street and murdered his daughters, 15 year old Florence and 9 year old Catherine, with a hatchet as they slept. The girls were students at the Lincoln School. Mrs. Badger, 34, was away from home at the time and an extremely gossipy news article notes that before the murders, Mr. Badger had been spotted loudly accosting his wife and an unnamed male companion on a train. The newspaper said no arrests were made at that point because the matter was domestic in nature. The article even threw in that the killer’s grandfather died in an insane asylum and his uncle committed suicide. The reporter went on to say that the killer, a native of Bangor, Maine, had “acted queerly” at various times in recent months and I believe it was the follow-up that cited the doctors’ opinion that his intellect had never been particularly strong in the first place. When police entered the crime scene, they discovered that Mr. Badger had painted the term “at rest” on the walls in red and with scrolls. As if the murder of his two daughters wasn’t horrific enough, the newspaper casually noted that Mr. Badger had purchased a .38 caliber revolver and cartridges at Taylor’s Hardware in downtown Wakefield shortly before the crime. From there, he proceeded to take a couple of shots at people on the streets downtown who had looked at him wrong, and then he actually fired a shot or two into Mitchell’s Restaurant. The shooter did not actually hit anybody, and was soon tackled by Frank Hackett and Herbert Mitchell, who, with other men, strapped the suspect to a plank and brought him to town hall for processing by the police. Only then did word of the murders get out. At the time Mr. Badger also told police he had killed his wife, but she was reportedly found in short order and was described as hysterical at the news. Follow up articles noted that Mr. Badger was taken first to a padded cell in Cambridge and later moved indefinitely to the mental institution at Bridgewater.	<urn:uuid:27ddf9c0-dd3f-47d1-9a25-c1515d6147ef>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://wakefield.patch.com/articles/wakefield-history-105-years-ago-town-was-rocked-by-a-december-double-murder	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368704392896/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516113952-00048-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.989122	582	2.03125	2
Charles Francis Adams, 19th century political figure and diplomat, kept a diary. One day he entered: “Went fishing with my son todaya day wasted.” His son, Brook Adams, also kept a diary, which is still in existence. On that same day, Brook Adams made this entry: “Went fishing with my fatherthe most wonderful day of my life!” The father thought he was wasting his time while fishing with his son, but his son saw it as an investment of time. The only way to tell the difference between wasting and investing is to know ones ultimate purpose in life and to judge accordingly.	<urn:uuid:b52353ad-667e-477f-8083-1016606f6bb8>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://bible.org/illustration/wasting-or-investing	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368703298047/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516112138-00026-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.987965	133	1.84375	2
JBoss Drools Business Rules \|Also available on:\| - An easy-to-understand JBoss Drools business rules tutorial for non-programmers - Automate your business processes such as order processing, supply management, staff activity, and more - Prototype, test, and implement workflows by themselves using business rules that are simple statements written in an English-like language - Discover advanced features of Drools to write clear business rules that execute quickly - For confident users of Excel or other business software, this book is everything you need to learn JBoss Drools business rules and successfully automate your business. Book DetailsLanguage : English Paperback : 304 pages [ 235mm x 191mm ] Release Date : April 2009 ISBN : 1847196063 ISBN 13 : 9781847196064 Author(s) : Paul Browne Topics and Technologies : All Books, Java, JBoss, Open Source Back to BOOK PAGE Table of Contents Chapter 1: Drooling over JBoss Rules Chapter 2: Getting the software Chapter 3: Meet the Guvnor Chapter 4: Guided Rules with the Guvnor Chapter 5: From Guvnor to JBoss IDE Chapter 6: More rules in the JBoss IDE Chapter 7: Testing your Rules Chapter 8: Data and Rules in Excel Chapter 9: Domain Specific Language (DSL) and RuleFlow Chapter 10: Deploying Rules in Real Life Chapter 11: Looking under the Cover Chapter 12: Advanced Drools Features Please let us know if you have found any errors not listed on this list by completing our errata submission form. Our editors will check them and add them to this list. Thank you. Errata- 1 submitted: last submission 10 Sep 2012 Errata type: Cover\| Page number:0 In the back cover, change the last Paragraph : This book will teach you to specify business rules by using JBoss Drools, and then put them into action in your business. You will be able to create rules that trigger actions and decisions, based on data that comes from a variety of sources and departments across your business.Whatever size business you are working with, you can make your processes more effective and manageable by adopting JBoss Rules. to This book will suit your need if you are a business user who wants to write rules, or a business analyst, or a technical person who needs to support rules, or looking for an introduction to rule engine technology. This book is for you if you are a want to understand what Drools can do and how it works, but would rather leave the implementation to a developer, or are the developer doing the actual implementation. Errata type:Cover \| Page number: 0 Last Bullet Point in back cover, change: How to write sophisticated rules, import the fact model into the Guvnor, and then build a guided rule around it, which makes your web pages a lot clearer. to Learn how to write sophisticated rules and import data into the Guvnor Rule editor and then build a guided rule around it, which makes your web pages a lot clearer. Errata type:Foreword \| Page number:5 Remove the following text from the Foreword: Bob is also employed at JBoss, but has since moved onto other Ruby-based endeavours. Errata type:Other \| Page number:57 If you have any problems ... then run the Run the command ... 'Run the' should be removed Errata type: Other\| Page number: 119 way of wiring the same ... should be 'writing' Errata type:Other \| Page number:133 The line :For convenience, we have put it into one file called RuleRunner.java. Change RuleRunner.java to SimpleRuleRunner.java Errata type:Code error \| Page number: 226 The command: mvn jetty:runwar Should be: mvn jetty:run-war What you will learn from this book - Understand the basics of business rules and JBoss rules with minimal effort - Install the required software easily and learn to use the Guvnor, which is a user-friendly web editor that's also powerful enough to test our rules as we write them - Learn to write sophisticated rules and import the fact model into the Guvnor and then build a guided rule around it, which makes your web pages a lot clearer - Gain complete knowledge of what we can do with the Guvnor rule editor, and then use the JBoss IDE as an even more powerful way of writing rules, and automate processes for discounts, orders, sales, and more - Know the structure of the rule file through the example of a shipping schedule, which will help you with your own shipping schedule - Test your rules not only in the Guvnor, but also using FIT for rule testing against requirements documents; run unit tests using JUnit for error-free rules and interruption-free services - Specifically, non-developers can work with Excel spreadsheets as a fact model to develop business processes without learning any other new technology - Work with DSLs (Domain-Specific Languages) and rule flow to make writing rules easy; which makes staff training quicker and your working life easier - Deploy your business rules to the real world, which completes your project successfully, and combine this into a web project using the framework of your choice to provide better services - Benefit from concepts such as truth maintenance, conflict resolution, pattern matching rules agenda, and the Rete algorithm to provide advanced and faster business systems so that staff efficiency is maximized Chapter 1, Drooling over JBoss Rules. This chapter gives you a good platform to understand business rules and JBoss rules. We look at the problems that you might have (and why you're probably reading this book). We look at what business rule engines are, and how they evaluate business rules that appear very simple and how they become powerful when multiple rules are combined. Chapter 2, Getting the software, deals with installation. This chapter explains setting up Java, setting up Business Rule Management System (BRMS)/Guvnor running on the JBoss App Server, setting up Eclipse, and installing the Drools Plug-in. It also details the installation of the Drools examples for this book and the Maven to build them. Chapter 3, Meet the Guvnor, deals with writing our rules using the 'Guvnor'. Guvnor is the user-friendly web editor that's also powerful enough to test our rules as we write them. We take up an example to make things easier. Then we look at the various Guvnor screens, and see that it can not only write rules (using both guided and advanced editors), but that it can also organize rules and other assets in packages, and also allow us to test and deploy those packages. Finally, we write our very first business rule—the traditional 'Hello World' message announcing to everyone that we are now business rule authors. Chapter 4, Guided Rules with the Guvnor. This chapter shows how to use the Guvnor rule editor to write some more sophisticated rules. It also shows how to get information in and out of our rules, and demonstrates how to create the fact model needed to do this. We import our new fact model into the Guvnor and then build a guided rule around it. Finally we test our rule as a way of making sure that it runs correctly. Chapter 5, From Guvnor to JBoss IDE. This chapter pushes the boundries of what we can do with the Guvnor rule editor, and then brings in the JBoss IDE as an even more powerful way of writing rules. We start by using variables in our rules example. Then we discuss rule attributes (such as salience) to stop our rules from making changes that cause them to fi re again and again. After testing this successfully, we look at text-based rules, in both the Guvnor and the JBoss IDE, for running 'Hello World' in the new environment. Chapter 6, More Rules in the jBoss IDE. This chapter looks again at the structure of a rule fi le. At the end of this chapter, we look at some more advanced rules that we can write and run in the IDE. Chapter 7, Testing your Rules. This chapter explains how testing is not a standalone activity, but part of an ongoing cycle. In this chapter we see how to test our rules, not only in the Guvnor, but also using FIT for rule testing against requirements documents. This chapter also explains Unit Testing using JUnit. Chapter 8, Data in Excel, Rules in Excel. This chapter explains how to use Excel Spreadsheets (cells and ranges) as our fact model to hold information, instead of the write-your-own-JavaBean approach we took earlier. Then we use Excel spreadsheets to hold Decision tables, to make repetitive rules easier to write. Chapter 9, Domain-Specific Languages [DSL] and rule flow. This chapter aims to make our rules both easier to use, and more powerful. We start with DSLs—Domain-Specifi c Languages. This chapter follows on from the 'easy to write rules' theme from the previous chapter and also discusses both ruleflow and workflow. It would be great to draw a workfl ow diagram to see/control what (groups of) rules should fi re and when. Rule flow gives us this sort of control. Chapter 10, Deploying rules in real life. This chapter shows you how to deploy your business rules into the real world. We look at the pieces that make up an entire web application, and where rules fit into it. We see the various options to deploy rules as part of our application, and the team involved in doing so. Once they are deployed, we look at the code that would load and run the rules—both home-grown and using the standard RuleAgent. Finally we see how to combine this into a web project using the framework of your choice. Chapter 11, Peeking under the covers. This chapter looks at what happens under the cover by opening up the internals of the Drools rule engine to understand concepts such as truth maintenance, confl ict resolution, pattern matching, and the rules agenda. In this chapter, we explore the Rete algorithm and discuss why it makes rules run faster than most comparable business logic. Finally we see the working memory audit log and the rules debug capabilities of the Drools IDE. Chapter 12, Other Drools features. This chapter deals with the other advanced Drools features that have not yet been covered. This includes Smooks to bulk load data, Complex Event Processing, and Drools solver to provide solutions where traditional techniques would take too long. In business, a lot of actions are trigged by rules: "Order more ice cream when the stock is below 100 units and temperature is above 25° C", "Approve credit card application when the credit background check is OK, past relationship with the customer is profitable, and identity is confirmed", and so on. Traditional computer programming languages make it difficult to translate this "natural language" into a software program. But JBoss Rules (also known as Drools) enables anybody with basic IT skills and an understanding of the business to turn statements such as these into running computer code. This book will teach you to specify business rules using JBoss Drools, and then put them into action in your business. You will be able to create rules that trigger actions and decisions, based on data that comes from a variety of sources and departments right across your business. Regardless of the size of your business, you can make your processes more effective and manageable by adopting JBoss Rules. Banks use business rules to process your mortgage (home loan) application, and to manage the process through each step (initial indication of amount available, actual application, approval of the total according to strict rules regarding the amount of income, house value, previous repayment record, swapping title deeds, and so on). Countries such as Australia apply business rules to visa applications (when you want to go and live there)—you get points for your age, whether you have a degree or masters, your occupation, any family members in the country, and a variety of other factors. Supermarkets apply business rules to what stock they should have on their shelves and where—this depends upon analyzing factors such as how much shelf space there is, what location the supermarket is in, what people have bought the week before, the weather forecast for next week (for example, ice cream in hot weather), and what discounts the manufacturers are giving. This book shows how you can use similar rules and processes in your business or organization. It begins with a detailed, clear explanation of business rules and how JBoss Rules supports them. You will then see how to install and get to grips with the essential software required to use JBoss Rules. Once you have mastered the basic tools, you will learn how to build practical and effective of the business rule systems. The book provides clear explanations of business rule jargon. You will learn how to work with Decision Tables, Domain-Specifi c Languages (DSL)s, the Guvnor and JBoss Integrated Development Environment (IDE), workflow and much more. By the end of the book you will know exactly how to harness the power of JBoss Rules in your business. A comprehensive, practical guide for business analysts and non-programmers to harnessing JBoss Drools Business Rules in your organization This book takes a practical approach, with step-by-step instructions. It doesn't hesitate to talk about the technologies, but takes time to explain them (to an Excel power-user level). There is a good use of graphics and code where necessary. Who this book is for If you are a business analyst – somebody involved with enterprise IT but at a high level, understanding problems and planning solutions, rather than coding in-depth implementations – then this book is for you. If you are a business user who needs to write rules, or a technical person who needs to support rules, this book is for you. If you are looking for an introduction to rule engine technology, this book will satisfy your needs. If you are a business user and want to write rules using Guvnor/JBoss IDE, this book will be suitable for you. This book will also suit your need if you are a business user and want to understand what Drools can do and how it works, but would rather leave the implementation to a developer.	<urn:uuid:96a7beae-6c3b-45e1-961d-314c03c07980>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.packtpub.com/jboss-drools-business-rules/book?tag=enter-jbeans/1107	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368706153698/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516120913-00032-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.926196	3,017	2.078125	2
Cancer is most likely the most devastating illness one can have, it is regarded as a death sentence with no trial. Many individuals with that lingering illness right away giving up because they don't believe anything will cure them. Food Does Matter The ‘Food Matters Cancer Learning Program’ offers a powerful, solid cure strategy for that protracted illness using…FOOD. You have it and you think about it as a deadly illness that requires a lethal cure to it, and no alternative medication or treatment will suffice here. Many articles has been written about the modern life-style we reside in the western world, that's stuffed with instant foods that carry a large amount of synthetic chemicals and other poisons which we ahhm, take into our bodies. Organic food is food grown without the utilization of any chemicals. WHAT? Are we actually poisoning ourselves, you bet we are. Generally a garden is grown using insecticides, microbicides, and other oppressive chemicals but with organic food, everything is natural. The same applies for organic protein. Instead of the animals being shot up with mediation and steroids, the animals are supplied with a healthy grain diet, while raised in huge open spaces. The Sierra Club site states : ‘Eating organic food is one way you can avoid genetic engineering. An alternate way to understand it from a larger picture perspective is : ‘Organic food is produced thru a system that relies on ecological balance and kind-hearted care for the plants, animals and folks that make up the farm environment.’ One crucial reason to think about organic food, and an organic way of life, that I have not read much about formerly, is genetic engineering. Does not sound too bad, but when you start to understand the ‘risks’ linked with genetic engineering, it does not sound so good either. All authorized organic produce and ingredients are produced freed from any genetic engineering’ What's Genetic Engineering? In simple terms I'd interpret it to be the taking of genes from one species of plant and injecting another plant with those genes to coerce certain traits. Here is a more technical outline of genetic engineering and the associated risks : ‘In genetic engineering technology, genes are isolated and transferred employing a ‘gene gun’ or a viral vector from one species into a foreign species, crossing over what's called the ‘species barrier.’ An example is the transference of an insect-resistant gene from a soil micro-organism ( called Germ thuringiensis or Bt ) into corn plants to consult insect resistance. The organic food fact? Gigantic farms and twenty-four / seven growing operations selling to giant warehouses demanding consistent product features, trustworthy delivery, inexpensive prices, mechanization, like the regular business food ‘house brands’. The pressure for ‘product standardization’ and finance survival speedily morphs any tiny scale farming ideal into a business-as-usual operation. True, the ‘marketing spin’ and the adroit utilisation of the organic food labeling ‘narratives’ looks to be passing along some tidbit of info regarding the food’s origins to purchasers. Nevertheless is this just an excellence without a difference? Advantage Of Organic Food- There’s More Than What Meets The Eye. If the advantage of organic food has to do somehow with how it’s raised, or produced, then what explains the organic food advantage of ultrapasteurized milk which obviously has lost nutritive value because of the extreme heat processing? Answer springs from the business fact the product is sold over long distances, thus needs big-time life-span and equilibrium. So that the organic label does ease our fears that we could be eating foreign substances together with our protein, nevertheless it does zip to assure us the animals lived a good and content life. The USDA does not permit protein to get an organic-label if the animals are fed substances like hormones, antibiotics, and other chemicals. If you've got to select between organic or non-organic protein, the organic protein will be a smarter choice. If you would like to buy protein with more tough laws nevertheless, particularly concerning the living arrangements of the animals, look for meat with other labels ,eg biodynamic authentications and the RSCPA label.	<urn:uuid:c057bc37-5d3c-4719-955d-564e79a24173>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.organic-home-garden.com/is-this-simply-an-excellence-without-a-difference/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368708766848/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516125246-00016-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.933604	872	2.625	3
Download: MP3 Audio SUMMARY AND BACKGROUND "We spend most of our money at the UN Foundation on infant mortality – measles, polio, and malaria. And then we’ve made tremendous strides – all of us. We’re not the only ones. The Gates Foundation. The World Health [Organization]. All these organizations." 7- Ted Turner "In the end, health is the driver for everything else we do. It very much drives our possibility of economic growth. It creates a sense of security. It leads to a sense of community and solidarity among people." 2- Julio Frenk Ted Turner, founder and chairman of the United Nations Foundation, helped launch The Forum at Harvard School of Public Health on December 9, 2010, through a conversation with HSPH Dean Julio Frenk. They discussed how to drive global health, using the framework of the UN's Millennium Development Goals.	<urn:uuid:37f7d97b-6e98-4a6f-b14a-bfdb5b3ab6b7>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://theforum.sph.harvard.edu/events/philanthropist-ted-turner-conversation-dean-julio-frenk	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368702810651/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516111330-00007-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.908038	188	1.773438	2
Those low-profile 190-series tires sure look gnarly on the back of a sportbike, and we've seen them pinched onto all sizes of rims. But in reality, a 190/50-17 fits properly only on a 6.0-inch rim, and cramming it onto anything smaller severely changes its profile. As an experiment, we mounted a 190-series Metzeler Rennsport onto our F4i's 5.5-inch rear wheel and took some measurements. Compared to the correctly sized tire on the same rim, the 190's profile closely matches the 180's near the edges of the tread, but is much lower in the center area-equivalent to about a 6mm change in ride height. Effectively, the wider tire will give more rake and trail when the bike is vertical, while keeping close to the original geometry when the bike is leaned over. Accounting for one (by changing ride height) will unduly affect the other. Following our test with the Metzeler Sportecs, we slipped a 190/50 rear Sportec onto the F4i and rode a portion of the test loop for a practical comparison. With no changes to suspension or geometry, the F4i felt substantially different with the wider tire. With the bike straight up and down, steering was slightly sluggish in comparison, but just off vertical, the F4i was quite tippy and darted into corners. The light, neutral steering of the Sportecs was completely changed and the bike lost its balanced feel. The sensation was very much like riding on a tire squared off from too many freeway miles. At higher lean angles, performance was less affected, although making transitions from side to side was unpredictable. And, contrary to the popular myth that the wider tire puts down a bigger footprint and gives more traction, we felt no improvement in that department from the properly sized tire. We've experienced similar changes with a 180-series tire on a 5.0-inch rim meant for a 170-series bun. Tire engineers work hard to design and match front and rear profiles for characteristics that we sometimes take for granted. Upsetting that balance is surprisingly easy and you should think twice before sacrificing your tire's performance for appearance's sake. This scaled line drawing shows... This scaled line drawing shows how the 190-section tire retains its low profile in the center of the tread, but pinches in to match the 180's profile at the edges. Steering characteristics are substantially changed. Cramming a 190-section rear... Cramming a 190-section rear tire onto a 5.5-inch rim results in a multi-radius profile as shown here. Above, a 180/55-17 rear tire properly mounted on a 5.5-inch rim. Below, a 190-50/17 tire on the same rim. This story was originally published as part of the tire test in the June 2002 issue of Sport Rider.	<urn:uuid:a05bd3dc-6370-4823-bfd1-c51e8baf709f>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.sportrider.com/tech/tires/146_0206_tire_size/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368698924319/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516100844-00067-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.954741	606	1.640625	2
I found a pattern online on knitting socks using 2 straight needles and of course this being my 1st time I'm alittle stuck on what to do next . The pattern reads as follows: Cast on 48 stitches Row 1-16: K1, P1 across If you want a longer sock top than shown in picture above, work more of Row 1 until desired length. Heel and Foot part: Row 1:K1, P1 , repeat 11 times, knit 24 Row 2: Purl 24, K1,P1 repeat 11 times Repeat Rows 1 and 2 until your sock is 2” less than desired sock length. On final row place a marker between stitches 24 and 25 **I've gotten to the Heel and Foot part and not sure what exactly to do. Should I K1, P1 across the entire row 11 more times the same as I did above for the cuff part? then knit 24 sts? Then repeat it doing the opposite? I love trying new patterns because they help me better interpret pattern lingo each time and advance my skill little by little so this one is a biggie for me because everyone loves socks . Thanks to anyone able to help and this forum has already become such a blessing in a short amount of time.	<urn:uuid:d39ef5a0-a95b-422d-a38a-1464eab1bec5>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.knittinghelp.com/forum/showthread.php?t=109841	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368696383156/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516092623-00049-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.928242	271	2.0625	2
When you have an autoimmune disease, like Hashimoto's Thyroiditis or Graves' Disease, you may wonder whether it's a good idea to try to "boost" the immune system. After all, an autoimmune disease represents an over-response of the immune system to its own organs and cells, so why would you want to give the immune system even more ammunition? When we have an autoimmune disease, it's already clear that we don't have a properly functioning immune system. Some people erroneously believe that because theimmune system goes into "overdrive" with autoimmune disease, that they have a properly functioning -- but overzealous -- immune system. Actually, autoimmune disease is a sign that the immune system is already dysfunctional. People with autoimmune thyroid disease frequently are more susceptible to infection, catch more colds and flus more easily, and take longer to recover. These are all signs that the immune system is not functioning optimally. So, it's important to do as much as you can to help your immune system work as best as it can. But before we explore some things you can do, let's take a look at how the immune system is supposed to work. The Immune System in Action The immune system is what protects us against bacteria, pathogens, microorganisms, cancer cells, and other things that can be danger to our health. The immune system is usually on the alert to foreign substances. In particular, it's looking for "antigens." Antigens are large molecules (usually proteins) that travel on the surface of cells, viruses, fungi, bacteria, and some toxins such as chemicals and drugs. A properly functioning immune system identifies and then destroys substances that contain antigens. Of course, since our bodies have some cells that are actually antigens, a functioning immune system will learn to recognize "normal" antigens, and not attack them. The body has a number of mechanisms that act as the front-line against antigens. These include your skin, stomach acid (which can neutralize some antigens), mucous (which can trap some antigens, such as inhaled pollen), tonsils, adenoids, coughs, and tears. Internally, we have the thymus gland, the lymph nodes throughout the body, the bone marrow, and also various types of white blood cells, which can atttack antigens when they are detected. In some cases, the response to an antigen is inflammation. For example, when you inhale a cold virus, it inflames your nasal passages. The inflammation process causes the body to release chemicals, which include histamine. The swelling also helps isolate the antigen from contact with body tissues and prevent its movement throughout the body. The inflammatory process and chemicals released also attract white blood cells to destroy antigens or damaged cells. When white blood cells surround and destroy foreign substances the process is called phagocytosis, and the cells are called phagocytes. Phagocytes ultimately die, and end up forming pus. You can develop something called "acquired" or "adaptive" immunity, when the body is exposed to various antigens repeatedly. A particular type of white blood cell called a lymphocyte develops. B lymphocytes -- B cells-- produce antibodies, that attach themselves to a particular antigen, and act as a flag, making it easier for phagocytes to find and destroy the antigen. T lymphocytes -- T cells -- attack antigens directly. Different B and T cells are associated with each different antigen. Lymphocytes usually develop the ability to differentiate between the body's own tissues, versus antigens. And, B and T cells actually have a unique ability to remember what is foreign, and what is part of the body, and then multiply those memory cells in order to more effectively wipe out the antigens. When the Immune System Malfunctions Sometimes, the immune system does not work the way it should. It may have a response that is not appropriate, it may overrespond, or not respond enough, when it encounters an antigen. It may look at an inherently harmless substance, and react as if it is an antigen. This is what happens when someone has an allergy to something that is otherwise safe for most people, such as, for example, apples, or peanuts. In autoimmune disease, the immune system decides that normal body tissues, such as the thyroid, are antigens, and puts the immune system into action to destroy it. Even in people who aren't already suffering from autoimmune disease, pollution, drug overload, toxins, continual emotional or physical stress, and poor diets can compromise the immune system and make it less effective. Balancing Your Immune System There are a number of ways you can balance your immune system, and help return it to proper functionoing. Ultimately, you should be doing this under the guidance of a good holistic or naturopathic physician, who can help identify your unique deficiencies, and devise a customized immune-enhancing program for you. But, here are some general guidelines to familiarize you with the idea of immune balancing. 1. Take Antioxidant Supplements Dr. Andrew Weil's recommendations regarding antioxidants includes Whiole Dr. Weil recommends no more than about 200 mg of Vitamin C per day, other physicians recommend as much as 2000 milligrams a day to help boost immune function. - Beta-carotene, 25,000 IU a day - Vitamin E, 400 to 800 IU a day as natural d-alpha-tocopherol combined with other tocopherols. - Selenium , 100 to 300 micrograms a day Note: Dr. Weil advises that you don't take selenium within thirty minutes of taking vitamin C, but rather, take with your vitamin E at your largest meal. 2. Consider Immune Enhancing Supplements There are a variety of immune-enhancers available, and some of the best known, recommended supplements include: Some lesser known, lesser-studied products that are also popular with some practitioners and patients for immune enhnacement include: - Products that contain immune-enhancing mushrooms, such as MGN3 and Grifron Maitake Caps or Extract - Products with IP6 and Inositol, such as Cell Forte or Cell Mend - CoQ10 -- 100 -300 mg a day - Camu-camu and Cat's Claw - Amazonian rainforest products that can help combat viruses and build immune response 3. Improve Your Nutrition and Diet - Organic Germanium - Sterols and sterolin products such as Moducare - Other immune enhancing herbs such as Olive Leaf Extract Eat as little processed foods as possible Avoid polyunsaturated vegetable oils and products made from them. (This includes margarine!) When you need to use oils, switch to olive oil. Eat less high-glycemic carbohydrates (white bread, white rice, sugary foods) Reduce dairy, and if you do eat dairy foods, switch to organic versions, and be sure to include yogurt Eat plenty of ocean fish Focus on fresh whole foods as much as possible, such as fresh vegetables, whole grains Try to eat an immune-enhancing food every day. These include garlic, maitake mushrooms, broccoli, and sea greens (like dulse, chlorella, and spirulina). (Note: be careful with too much raw broccoli or sea greens, as they can be goitrogens. Cooking, however, removes most of the antithyroid goitrogenic properties.) Try to avoid pesticides and hormones by choosing organic produce, meats and dairy products whenever possible Be sure to take probiotics of some sort. Either by eating sufficient organic yogurt, or by taking an acipdophilus supplement. 4. Get Sufficient Exercise Exercise is actually an immune enhancer. It creates immune enhancing chemicals, and increases oxygen, which helps fight antigens more effectively. 5. Practice Relaxation and Stress Reduction Relaxation techniques are immune-enhancers. A positive mental attitude makes a big difference in how the body fights disease. Creative visualization establishes belief and optimism. Biofeedback or massage therapy to reduce stress. 6. Get Enough Sleep I can't emphasize enough how sleep is really a basic foundation of immunity. Two people can follow the same exact program, but if one is getting insufficient sleep -- and for most Americans, that means less than eight hours a night -- they will have reduced immunity against disease. 7. Incorporate Mind/Body - Spirituality into Your Wellness Whether it's organized religion, prayer, meditation, or mind-body approaches such as yoga or tai chi, your mind and spirit are in communication with your immune system. Having a rounded spiritual sense and positive outlook on life can enhance immunity. A good place to check is Phyl Desy's Holistic Healing site, for good ideas on mind/body/spirituality approaches to wellness. NOTE: Be sure to consult your own physician regarding the applicability of any opinions or recommendations with respect to your symptoms or medical condition.	<urn:uuid:77d52755-6fd5-49e7-8403-025ffef29088>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.thyroid-info.com/articles/immunebalance.htm	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368702810651/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516111330-00028-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.937148	1,893	3.25	3
One hundred--or one thousand--years ago, it would have been a no-brainer: of course you’re going to build your house or decorate your cave with local materials. Planes, trains, and automobiles changed all that. Today’s homes are built with materials from all over the world. But as with local food, there are benefits to building homes with local materials, such as supporting the local economy, minimizing excess energy use, and and cutting down on waste. The 100 Mile House competition challenges participants to reverse that trend by designing a four-person, 1,200-square-foot house built entirely with materials that were made, manufactured, or recycled within a 100-mile radius around Vancouver, British Columbia. Sponsored by the Architecture Foundation of British Columbia, the competition is open to all--even those of us more than 100 miles outside the Canadian city. Entrants won’t have to consider compliance with city regulations or even affordability in their homes. That latter point makes things a lot easier--it can be more expensive to work with quality local materials than cheap imports. There is plenty of inspiration to be found, if you know where to look. This locally sourced Chilean home is made out of recyclable glass, steel, and aluminum, as well as local stone and cypress wood from fallen trees. On a larger scale, there are a number of companies that sell only locally sourced building materials. AP Sawmill and Lumber Products, a sawmill located in Flagstaff, Arizona, sells locally harvested Ponderosa Pine. It’s unfortunate that the 100 Mile House competition has to question whether it’s "possible in a modern 21st Century city like Vancouver" to build a truly local house. But perhaps one day, when oil prices are much higher than they are now, local building won’t be such an anomaly.	<urn:uuid:85ef51a5-d8b7-4e30-a0e9-d297d45e62eb>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.fastcoexist.com/1679399/the-100-mile-house-building-a-truly-local-home	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368704132298/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516113532-00066-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.956517	386	2.828125	3
Most Americans can’t imagine leaving home without their mobile phones. Nearly all adults in the U.S. now have cellphones, with one in four having smartphones, pocket-sized devices more powerful than the computers initially used to send men to the moon. By the end of 2011, Nielsen predicts that the majority of mobile subscribers in the U.S. will have smartphones. With their rich features and capabilities, these devices have been fertile ground for the growth of mobile apps. As of June 2010, 59% of smartphone owners and nearly 9% of feature phone owners report having downloaded a mobile app in the last 30 days. To better understand the growing popularity of mobile apps—and help all players in the mobile ecosystem figure out how to profit from their growth—The Nielsen Company launched the Mobile Apps Playbook in December 2009. The most recent version of the study was released in September 2010 and was based on an August 2010 survey of more than 4,000 mobile subscribers who had reported downloading a mobile app in the previous 30 days. This white paper summarizes some of the findings of the Nielsen App Playbook study and was created for the first-ever AppNation Conference, held in San Francisco in September 2010.	<urn:uuid:ace89551-8c7c-4c4f-bcb2-dbfbf7ccead3>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.nielsen.com/us/en/reports/2010/The-State-Of-Mobile-Apps.html	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368699273641/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516101433-00007-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.966284	245	1.5	2
Exercises for Young Writers Today We're Going to Write a Poem by Sheryl Robbins If you've ever stood before a class of students over the age of ten and made the above announcement, you know that the first reaction (after the groans) will be "Why should we?" - followed by some variation of the question "Can you make any money doing this?" Part of the task in exciting students to write is to break up the vicious cultural cycle in which nothing matters but getting matter, which in turn deadens matter, so that nothing matters. To revivify their experiences of the world requires exercising their six senses. Children, along with lunatics, lovers, and poets, know that bushes can be bears, that walls breathe, that monsters live in the basement. They know these things sensuously. Language pulls that knowledge back from the beyond of the sixth sense into the here and now. The word "poet" just means "maker." To imagine, then, uses words to coax that essentially made-up experience of the observed into warm-blooded life. The soul of matter speaks from memory, dream, beauty, horror, event, and image via the senses. Students can remember how to hear that language and can learn to transcribe it. So how do you, as a teacher, accomplish all this in 45 minutes? You talk, briefly, about the impending adventure (Psyche married Eros - be passionate). You read or invent examples of sensuous poetry; those written by other students are often most effective. You spell out any arbitrary rules you may use to keep them out of dead matter ruts: no rhymes, no words like "nice" or "cute". You suggest a theme or opening line in case they are stuck for a way to begin: You give them time to write. You, or they, read what they've written aloud. You exclaim in wonder. Can you make any money doing this? No. That's the - Sometimes when I look up into the - My grandmother used to say (cook, - Down at the corner every Friday - What the voices say to me in the - He/She is the Prince/ss of Cups, the Ice Queen, the Thing that Ate Lackawanna... - The day it happened we were... - In the dream that keeps coming back - At the place I go to be alone there - Once upon a time, a long, long time ago, in a kingdom far away...	<urn:uuid:583b5023-175a-4acf-9243-48df80b99b43>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://alpswriters.org/lesson.shtml	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368710006682/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516131326-00012-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.924369	551	3.171875	3
About Ephraim Holland In June 1776, Ephraim enlisted for five months as a Private in Captain Seth Newton's Company, 6th Worcester County Regiment of Massachusetts Militia commanded by Colonel Jonathan Smith. Colonel Smith's Regiment was raised to reinforce the Continental Army. Captain Newton with his Company of 73 men marched "to the northward or Canada Department" (now Northern New York State). Ephraim served out his five month term. Later that year, in December 1776, Ephraim enlisted for three months in Captain Elijah Bellows' Company, Colonel Nathan Sparhawk's (Sparrowhawk's) Regiment of men enlisted or drafted from the Worcester County Brigade. This Company went to and served out their enlistment in New Jersey. On August 21, 1777, Ephraim marched as a Private in Captain John Maynard's Company, Colonel Job Cushing's 6th Worcester County Regiment of Massachusetts Militia responding to the Bennington, Vermont Alarm (The Battle of Bennington, August 16, 1777). The Company marched to Hadley, Hampshire County, Massachusetts. They were discharged, August 23, 1777. About one month later, September 29, 1777, Ephraim marched with a Detachment under the command of Captain Maynard, Colonel Cushing's Regiment. The detachment marched to Stillwater (Saratoga, New York) under the command of Lieutenant Colonel Moses Wheelock on an alarm to serve 30 days. The Detachment was discharged, October 14, 1777, after 24 days service. In December 1777, Ephraim enlisted for three months in Captain Elijah Bellow's Company, Colonel Job Cushing's Regiment of men enlisted or drafted from the Worcester County Brigade. This Company also went to and served out their enlistment in New Jersey.	<urn:uuid:a175a92a-b441-49f7-97d9-2a5b37a40d86>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.geni.com/people/Ephraim-Holland/6000000016202955210	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368704392896/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516113952-00072-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.9542	373	2.3125	2
With movements such as young-earth creationism, we certainly have seen examples of religion being shanghaied into the service of anti-science. But some recent rhetoric in opposition to environmentalism and climate change science takes the cake. For example, E. Calvin Beisner, leader of the Cornwall Alliance (a consortium of evangelical clergy) has declared that environmental movement . . . → Read More: Is believing in climate change “an insult to God”? Curiosity Rover: Nominee for Time’s “Person of the Year” for 2012. Image courtesy NASA. In an announcement today, NASA poured cold water on rumors that its Curiosity rover had found life on Mars. Curiosity found evidence that it had landed on an ancient riverbed, and it identified some interesting chemical species involving chlorine, sulfur, water . . . → Read More: Life on Mars!? Maybe we are all Martians Creationist and intelligent design writers insist that their writings constitute full-fledged scientific research. Creationists, for instance, hold that their notion that the earth and its living things (or even the entire universe) were created out of nothing a few thousand years ago is a scientific theory, every bit as much as evolution is a . . . → Read More: Do creationism and intelligent design qualify as peer-reviewed science? In an interview with GQ, Florida Senator Marco Rubio, who has been mentioned as a rising star and potential U.S. presidential candidate in 2016, was asked “How old do you think the Earth is?” He responded: At the end of the day, I think there are multiple theories out there on how the universe was . . . → Read More: What on earth do they think? Politicians on the age of the planet Some creationist and intelligent design writers claim that scientists have conspired to keep from the public eye some important evidence undermining evolution (or other theories in the science-religion arena). Others have asserted that scientists have been “brainwashed” by some sort of “group-think.” As a single example, the 2008 movie “Expelled” claimed that creationist . . . → Read More: Is there a conspiracy among scientists? A new book has just been published on evolution: Daniel Fairbanks’ Evolving: The Human Effect and Why It Matters. Fairbanks is a noted DNA biologist at Utah Valley University, and also the author of the 2007 book Relics of Eden: The Powerful Evidence of Evolution in Human DNA. In this book, Fairbanks presents a fairly . . . → Read More: New book on evolution: “Evolving: The Human Effect and Why It Matters” Many of us were disappointed not to see any serious mention of scientific issues in the recent U.S. presidential debates. Global warming, for example, was never discussed at all, even in the last debate on foreign policy, where it would have naturally fit. After all, even the U.S. military has now recognized the reality of . . . → Read More: Antiscience beliefs and U.S. politics One central issue in the debate over Darwinian evolution is the question of evolutionary novelty — can evolution produce truly novel features? Creationist and intelligent design writers have insisted that whereas minor changes may occur within an established “kind,” nothing fundamentally new can come through “random” or “undirected” evolution [Dembski2002]. Specific examples of evolutionary . . . → Read More: Can evolution generate truly novel features? The Bible is accepted as the word of God — an inspired chronicle of mankind’s search for existence, meaning and moral guidance — by virtually all Christian denominations and also Judaism, whose “Bible” is the Old Testament. Even many highly secular, non-God-believing scholars have expressed great respect for the Bible. The Book of Job’s . . . → Read More: Is the Bible inerrant? One of the issues most frequently raised by both creationist and and intelligent design writers is the question of gaps in the fossil record, and, in particular, of “missing links” between “apes” and humans. In one sense, such a question is improperly posed — science does not propose that a modern “ape” (gorilla, bonobo . . . → Read More: Are there “missing links” between apes and humans?	<urn:uuid:077c8312-4af2-4015-b107-7d2673d9f893>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.sciencemeetsreligion.org/blog/category/essays/page/2/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368699273641/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516101433-00004-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.945652	928	2.203125	2
Try rewording some of these proverbs to explain their meaning. To love the king is not bad, but a king who loves you is better. Allah does not destroy the men whom one hates. He is a fool whose sheep runs away twice. Because friendship is pleasant, we partake of our friend's entertainment; not because we have not enough to eat in our own house. When your neighbor's horse falls into a pit, you should not rejoice at it, for your own child may fall into it too. The pot-lid is always badly off: the pot gets all the sweet, the lid nothing but steam. (2) You lament not the dead, but lament the trouble of making a grave; the way of the ghost is longer than the grave. (2) Said of slaves, who work without pay. This is an excerpt from Reading About the World, Volume 2, edited by Paul Brians, Mary Gallwey, Douglas Hughes, Michael Myers, Michael Neville, Roger Schlesinger, Alice Spitzer, and Susan Swan and published by American Heritage Custom Books. The reader was created for use in the World Civilization course at Washington State University, but material on this page may be used for educational purposes by permission of the editor-in-chief: Department of English Washington State University This is just a sample of Reading About the World, Volume 2. http://www.chambal.com/csin/9780155674257/ (vol. 1) http://www.chambal.com/csin/9780155128262/ (vol. 2) This page has been accessed times since December 18, 1998.	<urn:uuid:3705a13e-af2f-4bad-995f-eb6cd94739f1>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://public.wsu.edu/~brians/world_civ/worldcivreader/world_civ_reader_2/african_proverbs.html	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368702448584/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516110728-00042-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.903643	355	2.53125	3
LONDON, November 30, 2012, (LifeSiteNews.com) – Two stories appearing this week in the Daily Mail have shown that the Liverpool Care Pathway, (LCP) a palliative care protocol adopted now in nearly all NHS hospitals, is being used to end the lives of sick babies and children and cancer patients who could benefit from treatment. In one, a doctor has admitted starving and dehydrating 10 babies to death in a neonatal unit in a London hospital. The Mail also reports on concerns from the Royal College of Physicians that doctors have prescribed the LCP for patients with cancer admitted to emergency rooms when they could benefit from further treatment. In an article appearing in the British Medical Journal the anonymous physician wrote that parents often give permission to put their sick child on a recently revised version the LCP in hopes that there will be less suffering and no “visible changes” to their child while he dies. “Survival is often much longer than most physicians think,” the physician wrote. In his experience, “the median time from withdrawal of hydration to death was 10 days” and even physicians are “unprepared for the sometimes severe changes that they will witness in the child’s physical appearance as severe dehydration ensues”. He adds, “I know, as they cannot, the unique horror of witnessing a child become smaller and shrunken, as the only route out of a life that has become excruciating to the patient or to the parents who love their baby.” While public suspicion is growing over misuse of the LCP, the Mail reports that its inventors, the Marie Curie Palliative Care Institute in Liverpool, have moved forward and developed a version for sick children which includes “tick boxes” to be filled in by physicians or nurses to detail which treatments, including food and hydration, are being withdrawn. The report by the Royal College of Physicians on the care of cancer patients admitted to emergency rooms, said doctors have been adopting a “nihilistic approach” to the care of cancer patients that has resulted in some not receiving proper care. “There are concerns that sometimes an unnecessarily nihilistic approach to management may be adopted, particularly where the patient has evidence of secondary spread from the cancer and assumptions about futility of active treatment are made,” the report said. It also warns that cancer patients are being put “at the back of the queue” four routine services like x-rays and antibiotics, and that in some cases physicians have failed to administer adequate pain medication. The Mail highlights the case of one 56 year-old man who was put on the LCP immediately after his diagnosis with lung cancer when intensive care physicians decided his case was terminal. The decision went against the advice of cancer specialists who had recommended a life support machine when part of his lung collapsed and he was struggling to breathe. The Mail quotes Bernadette Lloyd, a hospice paediatric nurse who wrote expressing her concerns to the Cabinet Office and the Department of Health, saying that parents often “feel coerced,” to put their sick child on the pathway at a traumatic and vulnerable time. “It is very difficult to predict death,” Lloyd wrote. “I have seen a ‘reasonable’ number of children recover after being taken off the pathway,” she added. “I have also seen children die in terrible thirst because fluids are withdrawn from them until they die.” She described the “agonising” death of a 14 year-old boy from dehydration who died with his tongue stuck to the roof of his mouth. “This is euthanasia by the backdoor,” she said. (Click “like” if you want to end abortion! When it was introduced in the late 1990s, politicians and patients’ rights groups were told that the Liverpool Care Pathway for the Dying Patient, was intended to relieve suffering in the last hours – days at most – of terminal illness. It allows the refusal or withdrawal of food and hydration as well as the suspension of anything but comfort care and the administering of sedatives that can hasten death. In cases where a patient is so close to death that his organs are failing, fluids cannot be processed and ethicists agree that sedatives to ease pain and distress are warranted. Since then, however, the LCP has come under increasing criticism as stories continue to emerge of the protocol being used to dehydrate and starve to death vulnerable patients who would otherwise recover and live if given proper care and treatment. In most cases that come to light, families and patients are not told by hospital staff that the LCP has been initiated. Last month, the Association of Palliative Medicine (APM) announced it had ordered a review into the concerns, to be organised by the National End of Life Care Programme, an NHS affiliate who have recently defended the LCP. Health Secretary, Jeremy Hunt, says he plans to make it a legal right for patients and their families to be informed of end-of-life care decisions, as part of changes to the NHS Constitution.	<urn:uuid:ae3fe7fe-7420-4890-925f-df06081597ff>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.lifesitenews.com/news/doctor-admits-starving-or-dehyrdrating-10-babies-in-uk-neonatal-unit-cancer	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368708142388/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516124222-00048-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.979689	1,060	2.015625	2
Thank you. That is so nice of you. I've gotten throuhg most of it, though the handwriting is so old and curvy. The word "Talleres" comes up. I looked it up and it measn factories, which if it is correct might suggest they worked in factories? I dont know. The whole sentence reads, "Domiciliado(a) en Talleres" also another sentence I'm having trouble with is "Bendecido por infracrito" and i'm not sure if the spelling of that last word is right or not. Thanks for your help. No rush!	<urn:uuid:a05798d6-c6d0-46df-be74-3451574ec85a>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://boards.rootsweb.com/localities.weurope.belgium.limburg/28.1.2.1.1.1.1/mb.ashx	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368707435344/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516123035-00048-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.968257	130	1.859375	2
After Effects CS5 At a Glance After Effects CS5 is Adobe’s powerful motion graphics software for designers and visual effects artists. The program is one of three in the new version of Adobe's Creative Suite to go 64-bit native, taking full advantage of the multi-core processors and expanded RAM capacity of the newest Macs. The new version introduces some high-end features: The Roto Brush tool lets you easily isolate foreground elements in complex scenes. It also features native support for the new AVC-Intra 50 and AVC-Intra 100 codecs, as well as expanded native support for RED camera footage. It also offers an auto-keyframe mode, supports custom color look-up tables, includes an updated version of Synthetic Aperture’s Color Finesse 3 LE color correction tool, and now includes the Digieffects FreeForm plug-in. 64-bit performance boost The most significant feature of this update is the 64-bit native performance boost Adobe has given After Effects CS5. Adobe engineers have touted 20 to 40 percent shorter render times on single-core machines and 30 to 50 percent shorter render times on multi-core processors. My personal comparisons for RAM previews on similar projects, on the same MacBook Pro (a 2.6GHz Intel Core Duo with 4GB of RAM) gave me an average of about 35 percent faster RAM previews and project rendering time. RAM usage is optimized to give you longer RAM Previews too. This is huge news for post-production and motion graphics pros, especially if you have a loaded multi-core workstation. One caveat: you must be running OS X 10.5.7 or higher for After Effects CS5 to install. And you will need to upgrade all of your third-party plug-ins to 64-bit versions, which will most assuredly cost you extra—and that’s assuming the plug-in manufacturer has a 64-bit version available. After Effects is not backward compatible with older versions, so it’s a good idea to keep your copy of After Effects CS4 installed so you can work on your existing projects and access your 32-bit plug-ins. AVC-Intra and RED compatibility As the popularity of tapeless HD digital video workflows increases, so do the demands for post-production to accommodate these new formats with a minimal amount of pre-processing and data wrangling. After Effects CS5 can now read native AVC-Intra files from Panasonic’s P2 cards, and raw R3D (RED Cam) footage. With improved color management and the included plug-ins like Synthetic Aperture’s Color Finesse 3 and Apply Color LUT, it’s easy to add these native formats to your production directly from the source. Roto Brush tool and Refine Matte effect The most publicized new feature in After Effects CS5 is the Roto Brush tool. At first glance, it appears similar in function to the old Photoshop Extract plug-in, but it works much differently, since it spans several frames of footage at a time. You start by selecting the foreground object with broad strokes of the green brush, and then reduce the brush size to pick up stray elements such as edge highlights, hair, ears, and so forth. Then use the red brush to identify the background. When you first apply the Roto Brush tool to a footage sequence, it creates a keyframe point and then looks for edges and changes across several frames forward and backward from the point at which you apply it. You can make adjustments on each frame as needed, but mastering this workflow takes time and practice. I was able to use the Roto Brush tool on about 20 shots for a commercial in which I needed to do color grading on the background. After working on the first few shots, I was continuing to perfect my process. The new Refine Matte effect, which is also applied when you use the Roto Brush tool, can be used with any matte layer as a standalone effect. It affects edge smoothness, feathering, chatter, and even motion blur–which is critical when matting people and objects when they're moving. The only downside is that the Roto Brush is looking at pixels in a sequence, instead of drawing vectors that can easily be edited along the timeline. A simple change on one frame may affect 10 to 15 frames after it, so it’s best to create short sections of about 15 frames instead of a full footage sequence from the beginning. Also, don’t expect the same quality matte results that you would get from shooting your subject against a green screen. Depending on your footage, if you have a busy background or the lighting is uneven and dark, the Roto Brush tool has a hard time distinguishing between foreground and background. Locked-off shots with a still background and contrasting colors and lighting seem to work best. This tool is great for separating your foreground elements from the background to apply affects and do simple composites and color grading, but it won’t work miracles and it is still quite time-consuming to achieve a good extraction. Updated Mocha with Mocha Shape A special version of Mocha for After Effects CS5 v2 ships as a standalone application along with Mocha Shape for creating roto-mattes. Mocha provides 2.5D planar tracking of your footage and creates tracking and corner-pin data that can easily be imported back into your After Effects project. The Mocha Shape plug-in is now included, which allows you to create roto-mattes in Mocha 2 and import the rotoscope data, with variable, per-point edge feathering. There has been some confusion regarding Mocha for After Effects CS5 v2 and the full version of Mocha 2 from Imagineer Systems. The full version of Mocha 2 that does not ship with After Effects CS5 has a newly designed interface, motion blur mattes and an image stabilization module. Digieffects Freeform AE Using displacement maps and meshes that you can distort and animate, the Digieffects Freeform effect (formerly known as Forge Freeform by Mettle.com) plug-in allows you to add simulated depth and distortion to flat 3D planes in After Effects CS5. You can apply either a displacement map to the 3D layer or sub-comp, or manipulate the distortion mesh to create interesting effects in 3D space. It still doesn’t create true volumetric 3D modeling or extrusions, but the distortions do react to the After Effects’ 3D lighting and shadows appropriately, and interact with other 3D layers in your composition, unlike imported Live 3D layers from Photoshop. Import Repoussé 3D from Photoshop CS5 Starting with After Effects CS4, you’ve been able to import 3D layers from Photoshop through the Live 3D feature. Photoshop CS5 ( ) has a new feature called Repoussé, which creates volumetric extrusions from text and any layer with an alpha channel. These 3D layers can be imported into After Effects CS5 like any other Live 3D layer. However, as with all imported 3D objects from Photoshop, there is no real 3D interaction with After Effects lights or other 3D layers. All of the lights on the objects must be applied in Photoshop and remain static on the surface of the object, regardless of how you place this 3D layer in your After Effects scene. You can still animate the position of the 3D object in After Effects, but there will be no interaction or shadows on or from other 3D layers. This is an area in After Effects that I feel Adobe needs to focus on in future versions. Macworld’s buying advice After Effects CS5 is a much-needed and critical upgrade for speed and productivity in a 64-bit workflow. The Roto Brush is handy once you get the hang of it, and the added plug-ins offer advanced capability right within the program. Make sure you keep your CS4 version installed, though, for updating your old projects and to use with all of your older 32-bit plug-ins. [Jeff Foster has written and contributed to several books and magazines, and has been producing award-winning motion graphics, photography and creative design for major corporations, television and film for more than 20 years.]	<urn:uuid:a52fb248-faa4-4b1b-89bf-4c884edafad0>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.macworld.com/article/1151133/aeCS5rev.html	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368708142388/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516124222-00067-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.913584	1,731	1.523438	2
Update: the new version is already on CTAN. It's a bug with Asana Math. I've contacted Apostolos Syropoulos, the author, and he'll probably release a new version soon. The issue (which I uncovered thanks to Khaled Hosny) is twofold. First, unlike other TeX Fonts, but like Cambria Math, Asana has multiple versions of its big math operators. Usually there's only one, which is the \displaystyle version of the operator. This can be seen by opening the font in fontforge and looking at its MATH table, in the section vertical variants. The second part is that the font constant DisplayOperatorMinHeight was set too high, to 1850. As the name indicates, this constant indicates the minimum height a glyph needs to be considered the display version of a math operator. But the "correct" display version of the \bigcap operator has a height of only 1559, thus not qualifying for display. The engine then looked for the next version, which has heigh 2588, and selected it. This is the huge glyph you're seeing. The first part is important because if there weren't other variations, the engine would just settle for the "small" display operator. If you can't wait for the bugfix release of Asana and are using luatex, the font can be patched on-the-fly with this code (copied from here): local function patch_asana(fontdata) local mc = fontdata.MathConstants if mc then mc.DisplayOperatorMinHeight = 1337 luatexbase.add_to_callback("luaotfload.patch_font", patch_asana, "patch_asana")	<urn:uuid:3e7d4e7c-c46e-488e-8fff-72b710f2f2b1>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://tex.stackexchange.com/questions/5632/asana-math-oversized-big-operators	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368700264179/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516103104-00074-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.909256	370	1.539063	2
For more trusted health news and information, visit CBS Chicago's CHICAGO (CBS/WBBM) – Many American drivers are asleep at the wheel — literally. That’s according to a new AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety study which found drowsy drivers played a role in nearly 17 percent of fatal crashes. CBS 2′s Mai Martinez reports. It wasn’t hard to find Chicago drivers who admit they’ve fallen asleep while driving. “When somebody stopped in front of me, I didn’t stop. I was asleep and smashed into them, and that’s when it woke me up,” said Michael Pawela. “When I wake up and I’m sitting at a stop light, and everyone’s going around me, I’m like ‘oh my God, what was I thinking?’” said Latoya Brinson. Pawela and Brinson are not alone. According to the AAA study, which surveyed 2,000 U.S. drivers, two out of every five admitted they had fallen asleep behind the wheel at some point. LISTEN: Newsradio 780′s Bernie Tafoya Reports Many drivers say that’s frightening to hear. “It sheds lights on why a lot of the accidents are happening, outside of texting and everything else,” said Yvette Dupree, who added she had never fallen asleep behind the wheel. AAA conducted the study to raise awareness of the risks of drowsy driving. “People just think ‘oh, I just kind of nodded off,’ and almost treat it as a joke, when in fact it’s very, very serious,” explained Beth Mosher of AAA Chicago. Latoya Brinson admits she used to be like that, until her car was hit by a sleepy driver. Now Brinson says she doesn’t drive drowsy anymore. “It’s not worth it. Me and my daughter could have both lost our lives,” she said. And AAA says many have lost their lives. According to their study, drowsy driving contributed to nearly 17 percent of all fatal crashes. Many drivers say they have techniques to wake themselves up when they get drowsy behind the wheel. Some like to roll down the window to get fresh air. Others prefer to turn up the radio. Drinking coffee or chewing gum also work for some, but AAA says the best thing drivers can do is get plenty of sleep before they hit the road. But some drivers say that’s easier said than done. “There’s never enough time, so I think that’s the hard part,” said Ted Chen. The AAA study also found that younger drivers, ages 16 to 24 were nearly twice as likely to be involved in a “drowsy driving” crash as drivers ages 40 to 59. AAA suggests pulling over and resting if you get drowsy while you’re driving. And if you’re on a long road trip, they say try splitting or sharing the drive with another driver.	<urn:uuid:ebe30239-292b-4da1-b521-46c488c4a1a1>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://chicago.cbslocal.com/2010/11/08/study-explores-risks-of-drowsy-driving/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368698207393/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516095647-00027-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.958469	667	2.078125	2
The most established of the three is photosynthesis - the staggeringly efficient process by which plants and some bacteria build the molecules they need, using energy from sunlight. It seems to use what is called "superposition" - being seemingly in more than one place at one time. Watch the process closely enough and it appears there are little packets of energy simultaneously "trying" all of the possible paths to get where they need to go, and then settling on the most efficient. You may read the other examples that they gave in that article. But what irked me slightly is what was mentioned near the beginning of the article. Disappearing in one place and reappearing in another. Being in two places at once. Communicating information seemingly faster than the speed of lightThis kind of weird behaviour is commonplace in dark, still laboratories studying the branch of physics called quantum mechanics, but what might it have to do with fresh flowers, migrating birds, and the smell of rotten eggs? Until recently, the delicate states of matter predicted by quantum mechanics have only been accessed with the most careful experiments: isolated particles at blisteringly low temperatures or pressures approaching that of deep space. That is utterly false, because our modern electronics are the proof to counter that. QM isn't restricted to such esoteric conditions. QM is what is responsible for our iPhones, iPads, computers, MRI, electron microscopes, flat-panel TVs, PET scans, etc... etc. Sure, to be able to observe the "weird" behavior of QM, we will have to go to extremely difficult conditions, but the description of QM are directly used for many everyday items and process. After all, this is what the biologist here are trying to do as well, use the description of QM to explain observed, macroscopic biological phenomena. BBC News science section needs to get rid of this myth quickly. It undermines the usefulness of QM.	<urn:uuid:4fa2313e-c7b0-44a8-8a6a-54b52d724891>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://physicsandphysicists.blogspot.com/2013/01/quantum-biology.html	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368699273641/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516101433-00025-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.958874	393	3.015625	3
(NEW YORK) -- A New York politician is under fire for wearing blackface for the Jewish holiday of Purim — in which people traditionally wear costumes — over the weekend. Democrat and Orthodox Jewish power broker Dov Hikind wore blackface makeup and an Afro wig as part of a “basketball player” costume at a Purim party at his home. At a press conference outside of his home Monday, the veteran assemblyman apologized if he offended anyone and promised to be "a little more careful, a little more sensitive.” After the news was first reported by the New York Observer, Hikind defended the costume on his blog, saying most of the people at his Purim party “also wore costumes” and it is “political correctness to the absurd.” “Everywhere that Purim was being celebrated, people wore costumes,” Hikind said. “It was Purim. People dress up. I am intrigued that anyone who understands Purim – or for that matter understands me – would have a problem with this…There is not a prejudiced bone in my body.” Purim is a Jewish holiday during which those celebrating, both children and adults, regularly wear costumes. The holiday celebrates the Jewish people of the Persian Empire being saved from a murderous plot from the evil Haman in the biblical Book of Esther. Often those celebrating wear costumes from the story, but others dress up as members of popular culture. The holiday also requires those celebrating to donate money to charity and take part in a festive meal with family or friends. Hikind told the Observer a professional makeup artist applied the makeup to help turn him into a basketball player. He also wore an orange jersey and sunglasses. Hikind’s son posted the photograph on his Facebook page with the caption, “How cool are my folks…lol” Not everyone thought the costume was cool. Democratic Assemblyman Karim Camara of the New York State Black, Puerto Rican, Hispanic & Asian Legislative Caucus released a statement saying he was “deeply shocked and outraged by the insensitive actions of Assemblyman Hikind,” calling the blackface decision “callous and repugnant.” “We, as leaders, have to be extremely careful that we foster understanding amongst our different cultural groups and not use the images of one as a tool for humor,” Camara said. “In speaking with many African Americans, both leaders and average citizens, the outrage is widespread. The history of the blackface minstrel show is something deeply painful in the African American community....The stereotypes embodied in blackface minstrels have played a significant role in cementing and proliferating racist images, attitudes and perceptions, which are still painful and offensive today.” Copyright 2013 ABC News Radio	<urn:uuid:54e4d0f3-536d-4e4d-9d1f-4eaf9f884ee3>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.eagle993.com/common/more.php?m=58&ts=1369051330&article=727205807FA811E2B66BFEFDADE6840A&mode=2	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368698924319/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516100844-00010-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.969783	586	1.742188	2
Cases Considered: Kelly v. Alberta (Energy and Utilities Board), 2008 ABCA 410 PDF Version: An Important Development in the Kelly Appeal Last March I posted a blog about a Court of Appeal decision which granted a group of landowners (Kelly et al.) leave to appeal a decision of Alberta’s Energy and Utilities Board (now the Energy Resources Conservation Board). See “What does the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms have to do with Oil and Gas Development in Alberta?”. The grounds for leave in the Kelly appeal indicated that the Court of Appeal might have to address novel and difficult questions in relation to the possible application of section 7 of the Charter in the context of oil and gas development in Alberta. A recent development in the case, however, leaves me wondering whether the merits of the appeal will ultimately be heard or not. The Kelly appeal began with an application for leave to appeal a decision of the Board granting approvals for two proposed sour oil wells to be drilled by West Energy Ltd. (West). The application was brought collectively by 26 close neighbours who worried that they would be adversely affected by the proposed wells. The respondents on the leave application were the Board and West. As noted in my previous blog, the Court granted the application on two grounds, including one based on a possible infringement of section 7 of the Charter. Sometime after the successful leave to appeal, West told the Board that it wanted to withdraw its applications for the well licenses (which had not yet been issued). Why? West said it was unable to comply with a particular condition the Board had attached to the approval of these two wells. West had sought a change in this condition from the Board, but without success. The Board allowed West to withdraw its well applications. Not surprisingly, West then applied to the Court of Appeal to be removed as a party to the pending appeal. In Kelly v. Alberta (Energy and Utilities Board), 2008 ABCA 410, West argued before Mr. Justice Jean Côté that it had no further legal interest in the matter and that in fact it did not oppose the Court of Appeal allowing the Kelly appeal. What it was concerned about was that it did not want to be liable for any costs incurred in the future. West did not, however, seek any costs immunity for steps taken before the removal application. Kelly et al. vigorously opposed West’s application to be removed as a party. Although the landowners advanced a number of procedural grounds upon which they said the Court should deny West’s request, Justice Côté rejected each ground. Ultimately, in his view, West ought to be removed from the appeal because the “uncontradicted evidence is that [West] no longer has any legal interest in the location in question, and no longer has any well license, not even a conditional one” (at para. 8). Justice Côté granted West’s motion on the condition that West would have no immunity from paying costs, even costs to be ordered in the future, so long as such costs were in respect of steps taken on or before this removal application was heard. In short, the immunity would only be for costs in respect of steps taken after this application. As of the date of West’s motion, no appeal book or factum had yet to be filed in the appeal. In his decision, Justice Côté emphasized that he was not removing West because of any lack of merit in the appeal. No one spoke to the merits of the appeal in this application. Rather, he was removing West because West has “no interest, and no longer opposes the appeal” (at para. 14). He noted that, just as parties are allowed to discontinue their law suits (subject to costs), so are parties entitled to abandon their defences. Justice Côté commented as follows (at para. 12): Aside from costs, I cannot imagine what harm could flow to Kelly from the absence of this respondent, West Energy. It seems it would assist Kelly, not hurt that group. The only aspect of which that is not true is costs of future steps in the appeal. And a party with no interest should not be added (or kept) merely to get costs from it. Justice Côté ordered Kelly et al., on a joint and several basis, to pay West $900 in costs for this motion. However, he stayed the execution of that award for 6 months to allow any further motions about the appeal and its costs to be made. If any costs are awarded to Kelly et al. against West, these would be set off against this costs award. A further motion that must have been in the contemplation of Justice Côté (and the parties) is a motion that will almost certainly be brought by the Board to have the Court of Appeal declare that the Kelly appeal is now moot (given the withdrawal of the well applications). Although discretion to hear a moot appeal exists, a court may decline to decide a case which raises merely hypothetical or abstract questions, and where a decision would have no practical effect of resolving some controversy affecting the rights of parties: see Borowski v. Canada (Attorney General), 1 S.C.R. 342. It would not be a shock if the Court of Appeal declined to exercise its discretion to hear a moot appeal in this case, but it would be most unfortunate.	<urn:uuid:62c7e124-31e0-4a55-8ed8-2e8e479919a9>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://ablawg.ca/2008/12/28/an-important-development-in-the-kelly-appeal/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368698207393/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516095647-00053-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.979814	1,103	1.53125	2
The Friday before Christmas, I drove south three hours to Missouri's bootheel town of Charleston, where one of the state's maximum security prisons is located. I traveled with the mother of an inmate there and visited Kenneth Carter, 38, incarcerated for murder since he was 14 years old. When I was the director of Project COPE, a released prisoner re-entry program, Kenneth applied to us. I rejected him, telling him he needed a parole date before we would consider even sending him an application form. He wrote back, saying he'd been in prison since he was 14, his family relationships had deteriorated, and he needed a home plan to present at his parole hearing. He was 32. I said no, and he was denied parole. Then he sent me a 50-page autobiography, describing the murder. He was working for a farmer, and he knew the farmer had a roll of bills in his pocket. Kenneth, one of nine children, wanted the money to give to his mother and to buy alcohol. He took the gun from his brother's car, fired one shot -- the first time he'd ever fired a gun -- and it hit the farmer in the head. Kenneth also wrote about his violations in prison, drug use and having sex with a woman who worked in the kitchen. That violation put him in the hole, also known as administrative segregation, for a month. (A side note: Only Kenneth and one other man have described to me being in the hole. They both say the time alone and the drug withdrawal changed their lives. They came out resolved to stay clean and sober and build new lives within the prison. They are both smart men with inner resources, and Kenneth had access to books. Neither of them ever went back to administrative segregation. This is not to say I think isolation is a good punishment, just that these are the only stories I know.) At any rate, after reading Kenneth's biography, I went to my board of directors and proposed initiating an application process. The board agreed. So I sent Kenneth an application form. I went to the prison and interviewed him. He signed an information release form, and I interviewed prison staff about whether what Kenneth told me was true -- his violation history (no fights or gangster behavior), his mental health and education scores, their scored assessment of whether he could adjust to society if released, their candid opinion of whether he would be a good Project COPE client. I spoke to his institutional parole officer and his case worker, and they both strongly recommended him. Two years later, I went to his parole hearing on his behalf. He was denied parole. Kenneth has been denied twice more. In October, the parole board gave him an additional setback, telling him he cannot apply for parole again for three years instead of the usual two-year wait. Since a parole date is usually two years into the future, that's five more years in prison for Kenneth, minimum. Kenneth's been in prison 24 years now. Six years ago, he wrote the one letter of sorrow to the family that the prison restorative justice program allows. He doesn't know if any family members even opened the letter. He doesn't know if they oppose his release. On Dec. 27, he received a certificate for five years violation-free. He hasn't slept through count or missed hearing his name called for a drug screening. Five years without a single violation. I've been to a lot of prisons and jails. But this is the first time I've ever been a visitor on an inmate's approved visiting list. It was the Friday before Christmas, and it was a food visit. Kenneth asked for barbecue and strawberry cheesecake, so that's what I brought -- a slab of ribs and four pieces of cheesecake for him, and half a slab and one piece of cheesecake for me. The regulations say you can bring in four 9-by-9-by-4 clear plastic containers. The guard poked the barbecue sauce containers with a knife, turned over the meat, and poked at and separated the cheesecake slices, saying it was too pretty to cut into. But before we got that far, he made me leave the prison, drive to a store and buy a T-shirt. My dress blouse had an inch-and-a-half V-neck, and the new rules since October say you have to be buttoned up to the neck. So I lost half an hour of a four-hour visit. It's been two years since I saw Kenneth, and he's much thinner. Stress, he says. He ate everything and enjoyed it. That's good. But best of all was our talking. He calls me a few times a year and he writes once in a while. But the long visit was great. He wants to hear about the outside, what free people do. I told him about the Haitian tin sculpture of a row of musicians I bought for my brother-in-law, the name I drew for Christmas. I told him about my lobbying strategies for prison reform and that I had applied to be a Parole Board member after he got rejected this time. There's no chance, but why not try? He told me about the warden he's known since she was a case worker 15 years ago, when he participated in a six-month drug program, Intensive Therapy Community at the Jefferson City, Mo., prison. The warden wants to start an ITC program in Charleston and has spoken with Kenneth and some other graduates about serving as counselors. He talked a little about his crime, some about his pain at the denial and the extra year setback. He'd talked on the phone with his mother the night before, and he brought me up to date on his family. He told me a little more about his struggle against addictions and the point where something changed inside him and he felt released from addictive thinking. He makes a small income drawing greeting cards for other inmates and he sent me a spectacularly beautiful one for Christmas, of a sailboat taking passengers on and off a lighthouse. The sister I live with, a retired art teacher, says I should frame it. It reads, "May the blessings of this season light your path and bring you joy." We talked too about religion. For a while he prayed with the Muslims and his letters to me always begin with the blessing of God on my days. He investigated Wicca, because he had the time and he was curious. I told him about the Catholic church taking Wicca seriously, condemning it for its spells that threaten free will. Three and a half hours goes quickly. My passenger and I were back on the road to St. Louis by 1:45 p.m. She talked about her son, who's been locked up 20 years and still insists he's innocent of murder. And she sang. She'd been a blues singer with one of her brothers and her father, and I asked her to sing. Her voice was old and creaky but in-key with catchy rhythmic hooks that sounded great. In the morning, we'd had a gorgeous sunrise, and the sunset on our way home. It was the winter solstice.	<urn:uuid:825099ed-cdd3-440e-985e-160931b36db8>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://ncronline.org/blogs/ncr-today/visit-man-whos-spent-24-years-behind-bars	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368708142388/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516124222-00029-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.989289	1,472	1.5	2
David Wellstone, Son of Late Minnesota Senator, Delivers Message of Hope in Sauk Rapids [AUDIO] SAUK RAPIDS – The legacy of late Minnesota Senator Paul Wellstone was alive and well at the Sauk Rapids Government Center on Thursday night. David Wellstone, mental health advocate and the senator’s son, gave a presentation on dealing with his depression following the 2002 plane crash which took the life of the senator, his wife and daughter. His talk also focused on the work he’s done ever since the crash to promote mental health and addiction awareness, issues his father championed while in office, before turning the talk over for questions and discussion. Wellstone is currently promoting his book, “Becoming Wellstone: Healing from Tragedy and Carrying on My Father’s Legacy,” which he says tackles all of the aforementioned topics in detail. Wellstone opened up to the audience of around 60 people, describing his severe and debilitating depression following the crash. He says, when life hands you something incredibly difficult, it’s important to know how to ask for help, and hopes the book inspires people to take action on mental health issues. Despite making strides on the national political front through advocacy, Wellstone says he’s not interested in holding public office. He’d rather focus on promoting the Mental Health Parity and Addiction Equity Act, his father’s hallmark legislative achievement. The presentation was sponsored by the Senate District 13 DFL.	<urn:uuid:efdfbf10-fc7c-4cf2-807f-bff233abb138>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://wjon.com/david-wellstone-son-of-late-minnesota-senator-delivers-message-of-hope-in-sauk-rapids-audio/	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368708766848/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516125246-00048-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.964521	312	1.515625	2
The surgeon makes a small (1 to 1-1/2 inch) incision (cut) on your back and moves the back muscles away from the spine. The doctor uses a special microscope to see the problem disk or disks and nerves during surgery. The surgeon finds the nerve root and moves it away. Then the surgeon removes the injured disk tissue and pieces. The surgeon puts the back muscles back in place, and closes the wound with stitches or staples. The surgery takes about 1 to 2 hours. Diskectomy and laminotomy is done in the hospital, using general anesthesia (asleep and pain-free). The surgeon makes a larger cut on your back over the spine. Muscles and tissue are moved to expose your spine. A small part of the lamina bone (part of the vertebrae that surrounds the spinal column and nerves) is cut away. The opening may be as large as the ligament that runs along your spine. The surgeon cuts a small hole in the disk that is causing your symptoms and removes material from inside. Other fragments of the disk may also be removed. Why the Procedure Is Performed When one of your disks herniates (moves out of place), the soft gel inside pushes through the wall of the disk. The disk may then place pressure on the spinal cord and nerves that are coming out of your spinal column. Many of the symptoms caused by a herniated disk get better or go away over time without surgery. Most people with low back or neck pain, numbness, or even mild weakness are often first treated with anti-inflammatory medicines, physical therapy, and exercise. Only a few people with a herniated disk need surgery. Your doctor may recommend a diskectomy if you have a herniated disk and: Leg pain or numbness that is very bad or is not going away, making it hard to do daily tasks Severe weakness in muscles of your lower leg or buttocks Pain that spreads into your buttocks or legs If you are having problems with your bowels or bladder, or the pain is so bad that strong pain drugs do not help, you will probably have surgery right away. Damage to the nerves that come out of the spine, causing weakness or pain that does not go away. Your back pain does not get better or comes back again later. Pain after surgery due if all the disk fragments are not removed. Spinal fluid may leak. The disk may slip again. Before the Procedure Always tell your doctor or nurse what drugs you are taking, even drugs or herbs you bought without a prescription. During the days before the surgery: Prepare your home for when you come back from the hospital. If you are a smoker, you need to stop. Your recovery will be slower and possibly not as good if you continue to smoke. Ask your doctor for help. Two weeks before surgery, you may be asked to stop taking drugs that make it harder for your blood to clot. These include aspirin, ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin), naproxen (Aleve, Naprosyn), and other drugs like these. If you have diabetes, heart disease, or other medical problems, your surgeon will ask you to see your regular doctor. Talk with your doctor if you have been drinking a lot of alcohol. Ask your doctor which drugs you should still take on the day of the surgery. Always let your doctor know about any cold, flu, fever, herpes breakout, or other illnesses you may have. You may want to visit the physical therapist to learn some exercises to do before surgery and to practice using crutches. On the day of the surgery: You will usually be asked not to drink or eat anything for 6 to 12 hours before the procedure. Take your drugs your doctor told you to take with a small sip of water. Bring your cane, walker, or wheelchair if you have one already. Also bring shoes with flat, nonskid soles. Your doctor or nurse will tell you when to arrive at the hospital. After the Procedure Your doctor or nurse will ask you to get up and walk around as soon as your anesthesia wears off. Most people go home the day of surgery. Do NOT drive yourself home. Most people have pain relief and can move better after surgery. Numbness and tingling should get better or disappear. Your pain, numbness, or weakness may not get better or go away if your had nerve damage before surgery or if you have symptoms caused by other spinal conditions. Further changes may occur in your spine over time and new symptoms may occur. Talk with your doctor about how to prevent future back problems. Chou R, Loeser JD, Owens DK, Rosenquist RW, et al; American Pain Society Low Back Pain Guideline Panel. Interventional therapies, surgery, and interdisciplinary rehabilitation for low back pain: an evidence-based clinical practice guideline from the American Pain Society. Spine. 2009;34(10):1066-77. Chou R, Qaseem A, et al. Diagnosis and treatment of low back pain: a joint clinical practice guideline from the American College of Physicians and the American Pain Society. Ann Intern Med. 2007;147(7):478-491. Gregory DS, Seto CK, Wortley GC, Shugart CM. Acute lumbar disk pain: navigating evaluation and treatment choices. Am Fam Physician. 2008;78(7):835-842. Williams KD, Park AL. Lower back pain and disorders of intervertebral discs. In: Canale ST, Beatty JH, eds. Campbell's Operative Orthopaedics. 11th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Mosby Elsevier; 2007:chap 39. Jegede KA, Ndu A, Grauer JN. Contemporary management of symptomatic lumbar disc herniations. Orthop Clin North Am. 2010 Apr;41(2):217-24. Dennis Ogiela, MD, Orthopedic Surgeon, Danbury Hospital, Danbury, CT. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M. Health Solutions, Ebix, Inc.	<urn:uuid:d8d649b0-a70c-46e6-92aa-980666ff2640>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.holycrosshealth.org/body.cfm?id=572&action=detail&AEArticleID=007250&AEProductID=Adam2004_5117&AEProjectTypeIDURL=APT_1	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368703682988/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516112802-00046-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.915075	1,322	2.875	3
Books & Music Food & Wine Health & Fitness Hobbies & Crafts Home & Garden News & Politics Religion & Spirituality Travel & Culture TV & Movies How to Keep an Asthma Diary Asthma management is more than just taking your medications; management also includes keeping track of asthma symptoms. You can do this by keeping an asthma diary. An asthma diary helps to keep track of your asthma triggers, symptoms, symptom severity, and more. Your asthma diary can be an invaluable tool in your asthma maintenance program. Keeping an asthma diary can be a useful tool when youíre first diagnosed with asthma, but can also help even if youíve had asthma for many years. What to Track in an Asthma Diary Most doctors recommend that their patients make a daily record of their asthma symptoms. Daily recording of your asthma symptoms and medication usage will help you and your doctor to spot patterns and trends you experience during asthma flares and attacks. This information can help you and your doctor to determine what might be triggering your asthma, if you asthma has become unstable, etc. Here is a list of daily information to record in your asthma diary. Date and Time Doctors advise patients to keep a daily record of their asthma symptoms. This would include taking your peak flow as often as directed by your doctor. For instance, if your doctor asks you to take your peak flow three times a day (morning, afternoon, and before bedtime), then itís important to record each peak flow for that specific day, along with other information below. Your peak flow demonstrates how fast you can blow air out of your lungs. The faster you can blow air out, the higher your peak flow will be. Just the opposite happens when youíre having asthma trouble; you peak flow will be lower when youíre having asthma symptoms. You will need a peak flow meter to determine your peak flow. Follow your doctorís orders on how often during the day you should take your peak flow measurement, and record your peak flow at each of those times during the day. Record Asthma Symptoms Keep a daily record of each asthma symptom you experience, along with the time of day, where you were, what you were doing. Asthma symptoms may include chest tightness, wheezing, coughing, shortness and breath, tiredness, etc. Rate Asthma Symptoms Hereís a rating system that will help guide you on how to rate your asthma symptoms: 1=Mild symptoms: can include mild chest tightness, coughing, tiredness 2=Moderate: this would be an increase in asthma symptoms 3=Severe: peak flow falls into the ďRedĒ on your asthma action plan 4=Emergency: an asthma attack that does not respond to emergency inhaler and/or there are symptoms of anaphylaxsis. Medication Dosage and Frequency Your doctor will typically ask you to record when you take your asthma medication. Here, you should include all asthma medications you take through the day. Itís best to record your daily asthma medication, including if youíve had to use your emergency inhaler(s) and how much medication you had to use (how many puffs) in the last 24 hours. Itís also a good idea to include if your asthma medication dose worked (did it make you feel better or not). Here you should list what you believe set off your asthma, along with the time, place and what you were doing. This information will help you and your doctor to spot trends. Letís say that you were at an exercise class and began to have asthma symptoms. If this happens on most visits to your exercise class, youíll have a record for you and your doctor; youíll both see this is a pattern or trend. You might be experiencing exercise induced asthma. Asthma Diary Tools Youíll need to find an asthma diary that works for you. Some asthma patients choose to use a notebook, while others may choose to use a smartphone app. You should choose the method thatís best for youóone that will be easy for you to take along each day. Youíll find a link at the bottom of this article to an example of an asthma diary you can print out. Asthma Diary and Asthma Management Keeping an asthma diary is an important part of your asthma management plan. Itís not hard to keep an asthma diary; the hardest part, in the beginning, is to remember to do it. Once youíre in the habit of using your asthma diary, it will become a natural part of your daily routine. Your asthma diary is an invaluable tool for you and your doctor in helping to spot trends and patterns with your asthma, along with helping you to recognize when youíre having asthma trouble. The extra effort of keeping an asthma diary will pay off in the end, by helping you to better manage your asthma. This will help you to feel better, stay active and to do the things you love. Here's an example of an asthma diary you can print out: (offsite link): http://asthma.about.com/od/signssymptomsofasthma/a/asthmadiary.htm Content copyright © 2013 by Sherry Vacik. All rights reserved. This content was written by Sherry Vacik. If you wish to use this content in any manner, you need written permission. Contact Sherry Vacik for details. Website copyright © 2013 Minerva WebWorks LLC. All rights reserved.	<urn:uuid:0f8fa824-29f2-4a25-88ba-f54f2d22fe65>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.bellaonline.com/articles/art41899.asp	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368703298047/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516112138-00019-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.943731	1,143	2.125	2
Description: Gen. Joseph E. Johnston had entrenched his army on the long, high mountain of Rocky Face Ridge and eastward across Crow Valley. As Maj. Gen. William T. Sherman approached, he decided to demonstrate against the position with two columns while he sent a third one through Snake Creek Gap, to the right, to hit the Western & Atlantic Railroad at Resaca. The two columns engaged the enemy at Buzzard Roost (Mill Creek Gap) and at Dug Gap. In the meantime, the third column, under Maj. Gen. James Birdseye McPherson, passed through Snake Creek Gap and on the 9th advanced to the outskirts of Resaca where it found Confederates entrenched. Fearing defeat, McPherson pulled his column back to Snake Creek Gap. On the 10th, Sherman decided to take most of his men and join McPherson to take Resaca. The next morning, Sherman’ s army withdrew from in front of Rocky Face Ridge. Discovering Sherman’s movement, Johnston retired south towards Resaca on the 12th.	<urn:uuid:12a66f63-48ab-48ec-8224-24b193b13fb1>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://worldhistoryproject.org/1864/5/7/battle-of-rocky-face-ridge	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368702448584/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516110728-00046-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.951426	221	3.390625	3
SALT LAKE CITY — An annual nationwide census shows the number of homeless people in Utah has climbed 13 percent between 2011 and 2012. The U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development reports that 3,527 homeless people were counted in Utah during the 2012 census. That’s up from 3,160 a year earlier. This year’s number includes 330 chronically homeless people, and 331 homeless veterans. The data comes from a nationwide, point-in-time count conducted by community workers one night in late January. The count found about 634,000 homeless people in the U.S. Overall numbers were down less than 1 percent, but homelessness among veterans was down 7 percent year-over-year. Federal housing officials attribute that largely to a rental assistance program coordinated by Veterans Affairs and HUD.	<urn:uuid:2f817eaa-c615-40a9-a522-42910626e72b>	CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.standard.net/stories/2012/12/11/number-utah-homeless-13-percent-2012	s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368706153698/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516120913-00042-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz	en	0.968793	170	2.3125	2