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Barbarin elected to step back from the governance of the diocese, leaving the day-to-day management to his vicar general, Fr. Yves Baumgarten.
Archbishop of Lyon since 2002, Barbarin was accused of not reporting instances of abuse to judicial authorities between July 2014 and June 2015, in a case involving Fr. Bernard Preynat, who has been accused of abusing dozens of minors in the 1980s and early 90s.
At the time of his conviction in March last year, five other archdiocesan officials on trial with Barbarin were acquitted. Barbarin's conviction was widely expected to be overturned after the prosecutor in the case argued there was no proof of the cardinal's legal wrongdoing and therefore no grounds for conviction.
In 2017, the cardinal told Le Monde that he did not conceal allegations against Preynat, but said that his response to the allegations had been "inadequate." He said he opened an investigation against Preynat after becoming aware of the allegations against him and removed him from ministry in 2015.
Barbarin's trial also made headlines when, in October 2018, the French court issued a summons to Cardinal Luis Francisco Ladaria Ferrer, prefect of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, to testify in the case. The Vatican invoked diplomatic immunity, saying that as a minister of Vatican City State, Lardaria is protected under international law.
The court summons had involved a letter Ladaria sent to Barbarin, advising him to take disciplinary action against Preynat, "while avoiding public scandal." | <urn:uuid:c899c53b-aee3-4034-993d-33a6b7113a19> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/43772/pope-accepts-resignation-of-cardinal-barbarin-as-archbishop-of-lyon | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573104.24/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817183340-20220817213340-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.984247 | 324 | 1.601563 | 2 |
Last Updated on May 5, 2015, by eNotes Editorial. Word Count: 456
The months go by and the winter begins to fade. Henry and Catherine are very happy up in the mountains, however, and do not mind the cold spells interrupted by short thaws. As the snow changes to rain, Henry wonders whether they should move down to Montreux. It is about a month until the baby is due, so Catherine suggests going to Lausanne where the hospital is. Henry worries that it is too big a town for them, but Catherine says they can be alone in a big town as easily as a small one. The snow is rapidly disappearing under the constant rain. Mr. Guttingen says he understands that they must leave at short notice. He extracts a promise from Henry that they will come back to visit them after the baby is born. The Guttingens take them down to the train station and wave them off.
Henry and Catherine take the train to Lausanne, where they find a small hotel. Catherine unpacks while Henry reads the war news in the newspapers. It is March 18 and the German offensive has started in France. Catherine points out that she must get some baby clothes. When she says that she has to find out what is necessary for a baby, Henry says that, as a nurse, she ought to know. Catherine says that very few of the soldiers had babies. Henry says he did and Catherine throws a pillow at him, spilling his drink. She orders up another one, and they discuss whether to go out or stay in for dinner. She does not like to go out, claiming that she is as big as a “big flour-barrel.” When the waiter brings up Henry’s drink, they order dinner to be brought to their room. Henry sticks to his whiskey and soda. He thinks that he will have to tell the waiter not to put the ice in the whiskey but to bring it up separately. As he thinks about this, Catherine asks him what he is thinking about. When he tells her he is thinking about whiskey, she dismisses the topic.
They stay at the hotel for three weeks. It is almost empty, so they often eat meals in their room. They walk around town in the gradually warming weather. After a few days, however, the cold of winter returns. Catherine buys things she needs for the baby, and Henry takes up boxing for exercise. He thinks that a boxer should not have a beard and contemplates shaving it off, but Catherine does not want him to. When the weather again turns warm, they take rides in the country. They know that the baby will soon arrive and do not want “to lose any time together.” | <urn:uuid:eb824aba-4cd3-4f10-aeb2-54234171865d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.enotes.com/topics/a-farewell-to-arms/chapter-summaries/chapter-40-summary | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.983398 | 558 | 2.703125 | 3 |
The Quebec sovereignty movement (French: Mouvement souverainiste du Québec) is a political movement whose objective is to achieve the sovereignty of Quebec, a province of Canada since 1867, including in all matters related to any provision of Quebec's public order that is applicable on its territory. Sovereignists suggest that the people of Quebec make use of their right to self-determination – a principle that includes the possibility of choosing between integration with a third state, political association with another state or independence – so that Quebecois, collectively and by democratic means, give themselves a sovereign state with its own independent constitution.
Quebec sovereignists believe that with such a sovereign state, the Quebec nation will be better equipped to promote its own economic, social, ecological and cultural development. Quebec's sovereignist movement is based on Quebec nationalism.
- "Quebec Sovereignty Movement" | 2022-07-06 | 50 Upvotes 101 Comments | <urn:uuid:ea916d59-1439-4085-882c-f52477dc22d7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.mostdiscussed.com/topic/Canada/Quebec | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.945663 | 199 | 2.96875 | 3 |
As you mentioned you want to share Internet from Mobile to your tablet using your phone's Bluetooth tethering.
So first lets understand a little bit about Bluetooth services: A device which need to access internet via Bluetooth from other device should have Bluetooth PAN Service (BT Personal Area Networking) installed/enabled. While the device offering the internet should have the Bluetooth DUN Service (BT Dial-up-networking Service) installed/enabled.
How Connection is established:
Device with (with BT PAN) establish a wireless dialup connection by dialing a certain code (#99 for GSM devices & #777 for CDMA devices) required to make use of the modem of the internet providing device (equipped with BT DUN). If all goes well connection is established.
Since most of the mobile phones and tablets are only equipped with BT-DUN Service and not with BT-PAN Service.. Your tablet is not able to establish the internet connection using your phone's mobile data service. But they can however do other BT exchanges using BT FTP (file Transfer) BT Audio (for headphone/voice) etc.
Since most of the PC's and Laptop does have this BT PAN service enabled, they are able to use the BT tethering from devices offering it.
Solution for You:
The most hassle free and easiest solution for you is to use Mobile Phone's WiFi Hotspot for sharing internet to your tablet. this should work well, provided u arent using a illegally unlocked phone (as hotspot functionality gets disabled in some unlock cases like this)
Hope that answer your query. If you still require any help feel free to let us know, we are always here to help :) | <urn:uuid:9ca66e39-edca-458a-a00f-88369782df4f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://android.stackexchange.com/questions/141669/how-to-make-bluetooth-tethering-work | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.910509 | 347 | 1.734375 | 2 |
Dean's Fellow for Civic Studies, University of Minnesota College of Education and Human Development
October 4, 2017
4:00pm - 6:00pm
Lower Library, Robinson Hall, Harvard University
Woodrow Wilson's efforts to create and promote a League of Nations at the close of World War I is often seen as a template for the interventionist foreign policies of his mid- and late-twentieth century successors in office, as well as the so-called liberal internationalist world order that emerged after World War II. Trygve Throntveit argues that this view is mistaken. Despite the racist and imperialist sins of its leading architect, the League as Wilson designed and envisioned it embodied a more egalitarian, cooperative, and adaptable--and thus more practical--version of "Wilsonianism" than did the comparatively hierarchical and adversarial UN architecture established under Franklin Roosevelt and Harry Truman. Recovering its origins in philosophical pragmatism and progressive social thought, Throntveit argues that Wilson's Wilsonianism represents an aborted experiment in global governance, one that can prompt disturbing yet fruitful questions about a diplomatic tradition and international regime that many today are trying to reinforce. | <urn:uuid:f2e5d509-57b3-42b3-b216-9950116d0f89> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://ces.fas.harvard.edu/events/2017/10/power-without-victory-woodrow-wilson-and-the-american-internationalist-experiment | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.930682 | 237 | 1.835938 | 2 |
COCOMINT: Cooperative Communications in Traffic Telematics
Motivation. At current traffic levels, traffic telematics is an essential prerequisite for better traffic control and enhanced safety. Conventional cellular communication systems are not powerful enough for establishing real-time traffic information systems. New cooperative communication systems allow overcoming this bottleneck for traffic jams and high cruising speeds.
Research Goals. Relevant properties of vehicle-to-vehicle communication channels will be measured, analyzed, and modeled mathematically. Cooperative signaling schemes and respective receiver algorithms will be designed, implemented, and tested.
Socio-Economic Perspective. Traffic control systems based on cooperative communications have the potential to significantly improve traffic flow, and thus will minimize health hazards by reducing the number of accidents and harmful emissions. | <urn:uuid:71f06953-c2f2-4b1c-b2f8-52edde95133b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://wwtf.at/funding/programmes/past/ma/MA07-012/index.php?lang=DE | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572161.46/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815054743-20220815084743-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.901806 | 153 | 2.03125 | 2 |
by Peter Byrne
For Jan Baughman
(Swans - March 10, 2014) I wanted to tell you how Vesuvius erupted and buried Pompeii. But Elmore Leonard said never to begin a story with the weather.
Then suddenly he added a twist.
"Avoid prologues" he said, confusingly.
My confusion was wrongheaded. Stephen King said never to use an adverb after "he said." And Elmore Leonard did not speak suddenly, but abruptly. "Suddenly," he said never ever to use. To use it was like writing "all hell broke loose." That happened too often, apparently.
Ernest Hemingway would like those last four sentences. They are all short, as he prescribed, and before them my first paragraph is short, Hemingway's prescription for first paragraphs, leaving me in agreement with him but not with George Orwell, who said to keep asking, as I haven't done here, "Could I put it more shortly?" Moreover, perhaps my first paragraph is so short as not to be a paragraph at all. Is the one I'm writing a paragraph? If not I ought to begin all over again, because I have failed E.B. White's injunction to make the paragraph my unit of composition.
The hell with it! Jack Kerouac said to scrub "literary, grammatical and syntactical inhibition." He also said, "You're a Genius all the time!" Cool! But I must count those exclamation points. Elmore Leonard said I have the right to only two or three per hundred-thousand words.
"It is always prudent to remember that one is not Tolstoy or Dickens," said Tracey Kidd and Richard Todd. I wouldn't presume to forget. But Alphonse Allais had only one rule, always to measure up to Honoré de Balzac in drinking a lot of coffee. When he took up the pen, however, Alphonse Allais was always three sheets to the wind on a sea of Calvados. He needed a full coffee pot.
Strike out those wind-blown sheets. They are what Martin Amis clashed with in The War Against Cliché. George Orwell went further and said never to use any phrase you have seen in print.
Alphonse Allais wrote in a café, but Jack Kerouac said, "Try never to get drunk outside your own house." That was ambiguous. He didn't listen to Stendhal: "I see but one rule: to be clear. If I am not clear, all my world crumbles to nothing."
Jack Kerouac, who took Stephen King's advice and didn't "obsess over perfect grammar" urged us to "Be crazy dumbsaint [sic] of the mind." That's pretty hard to do drunk at home or sober out on the town. Henry Miller saw it differently, "Keep human! See people, go places, drink if you feel like it."
But we mustn't go to extremes and should remember what Friedrich Nietzsche said about being, "Human, all too human." Kurt Vonnegut forgot and said, "Be a sadist." Stephen King changed that to masochist, saying it was best to write in a windowless room. "If there's a window, draw the curtains or pull down the shades unless it looks out at a blank wall."
Peter De Vries had it both ways. "Sometimes I write drunk and revise sober, and sometimes I write sober and revise drunk. But you have to have both elements in creation -- the Apollonian and the Dionysian, or spontaneity and restraint, emotion and discipline."
Ernest Hemingway did some drinking but never, he said, while writing. He denied gossip that had him taking a pitcher of martinis to his desk every morning. He said, "Jeezus Christ! Have you ever heard of anyone who drank while he worked? You're thinking of Faulkner. He does sometimes -- and I can tell right in the middle of a page when he's had his first one. Besides, who in hell would mix more than one martini at a time?"
Do or don't, drunk or sober, who can manage to win through and write right and not wrong? I have been floored by the rules and regulations and forced to grab on to the wimpy passive voice that is so decried in the active by Stephen King. In desperation I'm tempted by Michael Moorcock's "Ignore all proffered rules and create your own, suitable for what you want to say."
Or is there somewhere all the rules and their negation are imbibable in an uncompounded symphonious concoction?
Apologies to George Orwell. Feeling transgressive I have used long words where short ones would have done. And here are more of his taboos to put in his pipe and smoke (hackneyed phrase); honi soit qui mal y pense (foreign phrase); Sairy! A'm sairy! (dialect phrase, Scots). And while I'm at it, the demands of the law-givers have given me chronic fatigue syndrome/ME. That's myalgic encephalomyelitis (forbidden scientific language) and post-exertional malaise (jargon, equally forbidden.)
Rachel Cusk, writer, said that there is such a place where rules preside at peace with the ruled. It's a creative writing course with attached workshop. The novelist John Barth, twenty-two years in the Writing Seminars at Johns Hopkins, said so too, cautiously, in many more words.
But Hanif Kureishi, who has an OBE (Order of the British Empire) for his writing career, didn't think highly of such courses of study although he taught one. "I think an [undergraduate] degree in creative writing is totally worthless....There's no guarantee that if you have a degree, that you're an artist, that you can write....you might as well give them a swimming certificate." He's not the only teacher of the discipline to deride it. The poet and critic Allen Tate, long on the payroll of a Princeton program, said, "The academically certified Creative Writer goes out to teach Creative Writing, and produces other Creative Writers who are not writers, but who produce still other Creative Writers who are not writers." The novelist Kay Boyle, who taught creative writing for sixteen years at San Francisco State, said, "all creative-writing programs ought to be abolished by law."
Flannery O'Connor was an author of outstanding stories. She participated in a university program but never got on to the podium to teach. When asked if writing workshops discouraged young writers, she said, "Not enough of them." The essayist Pico Iyer offered a plausible summary of the question that fit Flannery O'Connor's experience. He said, "Writing can be learned, but not taught."
People in a consistent, sunny, mild climate don't go on about the weather. They take it as a given, like their bald heads or dainty feet. Only folks who live in volatile atmospheric conditions discuss them no end. It may be the only drama in their lives. We can be sure that the Roman citizens of Londinium chomped on about what the clouds stirred by Atlantic breezes had in store for them on August 24, 79 AD.
In Pompeii, just then, on the Gulf of Naples, there was no weather at all, only the usual blue sky and sunshine. Seventeen years before a powerful earthquake struck. But it was a prologue only in retrospect and for us. Pompeiians thought it the last act of an unfortunate sequence, no opening curtain. They still hadn't put right the mess it left.
Four days before August 24, small tremors occurred. But the whole area of the Campania was so accustomed to strange happenings underground that they were not taken as a prelude to anything. After all, at Pozzuoli northwest of Naples were the Campi Flegrei, or fields of fire. The earth there never stopped rising and falling, sending spouts of hot water and sulfurous gas into the sky. The huge eruption of Vesuvius that began at one p.m. on August 24 and would go on for two days found Pompeiians in the midst of their daily routines. Under the lava that would cover them a startling model of life at the time would be revealed.
The description of the catastrophe has been rehashed over the centuries in enough pages to smother the somnolent volcano in verbiage. However, the report made at the time by Pliny the Younger is by far the best. His two letters on the subject are as much a model for writers as Pompeii is for historians. Their English translation should silence with pure admiration all our knowing tipsters on writing.
Young Pliny at seventeen was staying with his mother and her brother, Pliny the Elder, at Misenum, a projection into the sea on the other side of Naples. The family group watched smoke rising from the volcano twenty-two miles away. The uncle, a commander of the Roman fleet, decided to investigate, first out of scientific curiosity and then in answer to a message of distress. Young Pliny stayed behind to finish a written exercise his uncle had set him. The youth was clearly a bookworm, more taken with the written word than heroism before the mast. Later his uncle's friends would reproach him with his absorption in reading Livy while the Elder Pliny confronted the horror of Vesuvius.
Slacker the young man may have been, but in these two letters written afterward to the historian Tacitus he founded a new genre of literature, the relaxed and intimate epistolary form. His uncle died on the beach, a fat unhealthy man robbed of air by the volcano's stronger lungs. Young Pliny, ever the writer, noted that the obese Elder was supported by two small slaves. The nephew was just as precise in recording how his uncle had deceived the distraught public, but insisted it was for their own good. When they tied pillows to their heads as protection against the downpour of stones, Pliny the Elder feigned unconcern. He dawdled at the baths and dined amply. When people pointed out burning homes he told them the householders had left without dousing their kitchen fires. Then he went to bed. His snores, loud because of his girth, reassured listeners at his door. His pleasures, tall tales and snoring served the common good. He was a Roman hero.
And Pliny the Younger? He was a Roman ideologue of course, but also a writer born. In the shadow of his pious portrait we espy two other figures. The first is one of our politicians engaged in damage control to save his skin and his party. The other is a stupid old man who can't imagine his life at the top is over. They don't teach ambiguity that fertile in creative writing classes.
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About the Author | <urn:uuid:5964da89-e62a-443c-a8fc-58f214c99260> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://swans.com/library/art20/pbyrne230.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.975695 | 2,469 | 1.828125 | 2 |
selecting words with or without non-breaking space between them
Kilgore Trout last edited by
If I have a sentence with normal spaces and non-breaking spaces between the words the selection using the ctrl+shift button work differently.
“All persons, living and dead, are purely coincidental.”
Put non-breaking spaces around “and” to test it.
If I place the cursor at the beginning of the sentence, hold CTRL+SHIFT then press RIGHT ARROW a couple of times, you can see that the selection works on individual words, except for “living and dead”, these three words are selected in one go.
Non-breaking space works the same way as normal space for selections. | <urn:uuid:994c8dbf-841d-44a3-a692-497b254dff24> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://community.notepad-plus-plus.org/topic/11776/selecting-words-with-or-without-non-breaking-space-between-them | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.897711 | 174 | 2.484375 | 2 |
Colonial Effects on the Founding of the 1951 Refugee Convention
Whether internationally or nationally, law does not simply exist but is made by political actors; those involved thus have the power to set standards. Exactly this politicization of international refugee law is at the core of my piece. I explore which and how states discussed the Refugee Convention, and what effects colonialism had.
A considerable body of research is available on international refugee law and the Refugee Convention specifically. Many studies note that the experiences of insufficient admission and protection of refugees in and from Europe during the Second World War and the growing commitment of the international community after the war contributed to the creation of the Convention. The timing of the Convention’s founding further indicates these ties: The international community – represented in the newly established UN – drafted the Convention soon after the war and states adopted it at the Conference of Plenipotentiaries in 1951.
But what roles did colonial structures play? Considering such research debates, one gets the impression that colonialism, (de)colonized states and refugees there had no effect on the Convention’s creation – instead, events in Europe appear to have been decisive. While the latter were undoubtedly influential, a mere or main focus on Europe reflects a bias toward Western history, not global history, and certainly not colonial history. In this piece, I reflect on this bias. Drawing on a recently published article, I explore states’ discussions of the Refugee Convention and the roles of colonialism.
Having a Seat at the Table Makes All the Difference
Already in its 8th resolution in February 1946, the UN General Assembly (UNGA) addressed refugees and called for responses. This paved the way for further discussions also concerning the Convention.
What was the path? Following a study about national legislations and international agreements provided by the UN Secretary General in 1949, member states addressed the draft convention in different UN forums in 1950. In a nutshell, these included the Ad Hoc Committee, which was appointed specifically to discuss and draft the convention. It reported to the Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC), which in turn reported to the UNGA. Final consultations occurred at the Conference of Plenipotentiaries in July 1951.
The different forums reflect the complex process that took place in a short time. The forums could also be seen as an indication that all UN member states had equally strong voices in the process. This was not the case, however – some states were more influential than others. The composition of the forums already exposes that: Only the UNGA comprised all UN member states (60 in 1950); the Ad Hoc Committee had 13 and ECOSOC 18 members while 26 states attended the conference of which 20 were UN members and two came as observers. Importantly, eight states were involved in all these forums (Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Denmark, France, UK, US, Venezuela (observer in ECOSOC)). By pure presence, they thus had more opportunities to influence the process than others.
I agree with White that it is important to explore why states, especially beyond Europe, attended the founding conference. Moreover, I believe it is crucial to investigate who did not participate in the whole process and why? Concerning UN debates, this question is easy to answer: non-member states of the UN were unable to take part and this applies especially to those who could not even become members: those colonized. All colonial and imperial powers were members, however.
Regarding the conference, answering this question is more complicated because the UNGA decided to invite “all states, both members and non-members”. But what did inviting “all states” mean in 1950? It applied to sovereign ones, and the list of (un)invited and (non-)participating states for the conference is telling. Apart from Cambodia and Laos, which were still under external rule but had started processes toward independence, no other still-colonized state was invited. Represented by colonizers, those colonized were therefore excluded and silenced – an aspect that Pakistan’s delegate strongly criticized in earlier discussions about the Human Rights Covenant and suggested to allow representatives to join “if only in a consultative capacity”. This did not happen, however. The list of conference participants shows not only a small number of states joining but also various colonial entanglements among participants: five were former and seven current colonial powers, ten decolonized states of which three had gained global power, and four were without a direct colonial past.
Why recently decolonized states such as India and Pakistan that articulated strong statements in UN debates did not attend the conference, is difficult to say conclusively. Pakistan submitted a comment before the conference, which suggests initial interest. Yet, diverse statements in debates indicate that both delegations were highly critical of the European bias, which resulted in frustration, “disillusionment” and increasingly refraining from debates.
Hence, the global relations and basic possibilities of having a seat at the table already demonstrates the importance of colonial structures. While some states were able to represent their positions and interests, some even in various forums, ‘Others’ were completely excluded. This does not mean that ‘the Others’ were less or even irrelevant in the process. Instead, it illustrates their structural marginalization and silencing.
Focusing on Some (but not ‘Other’) Refugees in the Creation of the 1951 Convention
Marginalization practices are also evident in debates among states about whom the Convention should apply: the refugees. The discussions about the refugee definition were tense and continuously referred to refugees in and from Europe but also to those worldwide. This is important to consider as it shows that the European bias of the Convention was not supported or favored by all participating states. On the contrary, it was highly contested and strongly opposed by many.
After the Ad Hoc Committee submitted its first report in February 1950 with a refugee definition strongly focusing on Europe, ECOSOC attended to it. Some ECOSOC members, including Chile, Mexico and Pakistan, contested the focus, while others such as the US and France supported it. Pakistan’s delegate stressed later that it “could not accept the definition” as it “covered European refugees only and completely ignored refugees from other parts of the world.” The ECOSOC then decided to reconvene the Ad Hoc Committee to revise the refugee definition and report directly to the UNGA due to limited time.
Despite revisions, the Ad Hoc Committee maintained a bias toward Europe in the second report in August 1950. This prompted controversial debates in the UNGA. While the former Soviet Union and its allies continued to oppose the Convention, France, the US, Venezuela and others reinforced the focus on refugees in and from Europe. The delegate of the Netherlands instead stressed the human dignity and human rights of all refugees, and countered that “the refugee problem was not near its final solution, especially if responsibility were accepted as being world-wide, as it should be, and not arbitrarily limited to Europe.”
The delegate of India also contradicted the ongoing European bias, emphasized the needs of refugees in India and criticized: “The United Nations should try to help not only special sections of the world’s population, but all afflicted people everywhere. Suffering knew no racial or political boundaries; it was the same for all.” She stressed that the problem could only be solved if governments not only expressed but pursued “humanitarian sentiments” and “the United Nations had the same concern for all peoples, regardless of race.”
Such arguments illustrate the irritations arising from the European bias. The intense discussions in the UNGA had effects: the UNGA adopted the refugee definition without reference to Europe in resolution 429(V) by 41 votes to five noes and ten abstentions.
Despite this majority decision, participants at the conference addressed the subject again. This was not primarily due to the non-member states, which were unable to take part in UN debates, but generally pushed by UN members, especially powerful ones such as the US and France. Of the 26 states with voting rights at the conference, 13 supported a universal definition, ten one limited to Europe and three did not express clear tendencies.
Those supporting a limited definition included France, Italy, the US, Australia, Venezuela and Colombia, among others. They pursued varying political interests and sought to privilege refugees in Europe. Some found it impractical or “unrealistic” (see also here) to enact a convention for all refugees worldwide. France and Italy further argued that only European states were prepared to sign the convention and warned of the “problems” that Western states would face if refugees from India, the Middle East or other regions reached in the future. Importantly, states extremely rarely spoke about the difficult conditions many refugees still endured in Europe to legitimize this regional focus; instead, delegations primarily reflected states’ interests.
States such as Egypt, Iraq, Belgium, Canada, the Netherlands and Denmark resisted and supported the universal definition. They similarly stressed the equal needs and humanitarian relevance of refugees worldwide. Iraq’s delegate, for example, voiced his surprise and embarrassment about some delegations’ arguments as he thought “the Convention was to apply to all refugees without distinction”. Egypt’s representative emphasized: “To withhold the benefits of the Convention from certain categories of refugee would be to create a class of human beings who would enjoy no protection at all”. The UK also supported the universal definition but expressed economic interests.
These controversial discussions show how all participating states were well aware of refugees’ needs worldwide but some states still demanded the focus on Europe. This echoes the postcolonial notion of ‘the West and the Rest’ – in fact, ‘the West’ over ‘the Rest’. As a strategic move, some states sought to privilege European refugees, which also meant that they deliberately marginalized and ignored the ‘Other’ refugees and regions. They made the ‘Other’ refugees less relevant or even irrelevant in the establishment of the Convention and thus international refugee law.
Conference participants eventually voted for the refugee definition distinguishing between ‘events occurring in Europe’ and ‘in Europe or elsewhere’ each before 1 January 1951. While some scholars may understand the option as a compromise, I find it indicative of powerful states having successfully defended their interests. The framing reflects the structural and strategic subordination of refugees in regions beyond Europe, and “makes (Western) Europe the centre of the world while the ‘Rest’ is only ‘elsewhere’.”
Then… and today?
Such political debates leading to the Refugee Convention’s founding illustrate the importance of (re)considering the global power disparities – beyond Western tensions. The debates prove that the focus on European refugees was not ‘a given’ due to contemporary conditions there but highly contested. Some powerful delegations eventually succeeded in inscribing the focus in the Convention despite strong oppositions; they thus intentionally privileged some – and ignored ‘Others’. In my article, I argue that the conference debates rendered the Convention’s creation ‘colonial-ignorant’ – evidently not because delegates were unaware of forced migration and refugees ‘elsewhere’, but instead because they deliberately and strategically ignored them and thus made them irrelevant.
And today? My research revolves around the early days of the Convention and the findings do not necessarily mean that the marginalization persists similarly today. In addition to tracing some refugee movements in African states back to colonialism, Odhiambo Abuya stresses that “colonialism is manifest in the western vision of international refugee law, which is predicated on ideas and structures that work in the interests of western nations and against the interests of the developing world and refugees”. Moreover, Mayblin explores the colonial entanglements of refugee policies, Nyanduga analyzes the roles of colonialism for the 1969 OAU Refugee Convention, and Juss reflects post-colonial lines in the Dublin II Regulation system. Some scholars furthermore discuss local conditions, including Sen and Kaur about refugees in post-partition India, Peterson about the varying responses to different groups of refugees in China, Lingelbach about Second World War refugees in British colonized territories, Brankamp and Daley about migrants and refugees, control policies and linkages to coloniality in Kenya and Tanzania, and Gatrell about the global making of the refugee. Yet many questions remain. To better understand past and current developments, we need further research about the politicization of international refugee law and its effects – especially from (post)colonial perspectives.
This post was also published in German. It is part of the series “70 Years of UNHCR and the 1951 Refugee Convention: Global Developments”, which is edited and published in cooperation by the Völkerrechtsblog and the Forced Migration Studies Blog (FluchtforschungsBlog). | <urn:uuid:896e3172-3f82-4bbc-94c9-86d4dfd95715> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://voelkerrechtsblog.org/colonial-effects-on-the-founding-of-the-1951-refugee-convention/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572161.46/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815054743-20220815084743-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.964893 | 2,667 | 2.984375 | 3 |
A neuropsychologist compare the auditory abilities of blind versus normally sighted rats. He predicted that the visually impaired rats would have better auditory development than normally sighted rats. He raises two groups of rats for a year (one normally sighted, one blind) and assessed auditory development by examining the neural activity in the auditory cortex of each rat.
Name the following:
Levels of the independent variable:
you have asked for the Independent and Dependent Variables as well as the levels of Independent variables for the above study.
An Independent Variable is a variable that is manipulated by an experimenter. In the above study, the independent variable (variable that is being manipulated) is the different visual ...
Compare auditory abilities of blind versus normally sighted rats. Identifying the dependent and independent variables in this example. | <urn:uuid:f68c5dcb-5d60-4c8a-a750-ae6e7d41f9f6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://brainmass.com/statistics/descriptive-statistics/research-methods-independent-versus-dependent-variables-30453 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573540.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819005802-20220819035802-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.896074 | 215 | 3.3125 | 3 |
Presentation #308.03 in the session “Stars III”.
Ionization plays a critical role in setting the chemical and dynamical processes within protoplanetary disks. Ions are responsible for the most rapid chemical processes which govern the formation of organics and water in the cold midplane of the disk, making ionization-driven chemistry central to the chemical evolution of any planets that may be forming within it. Ionization also has a significant impact on the transport of material throughout the disk via accretion and magneto-hydrodynamics (MHD). Sufficient ionization allows the gas to couple to magnetic field lines and in turn drives magneto-rotational instability (MRI). Regions in the midplane in which the disk is not MRI active (“dead zones”) are thought to be safe havens for planet formation. Therefore, constraining the ionization fraction throughout a disk is crucial for understanding both possible planet compositions and planet-forming capabilities. We present the first forward-modeled ionization map of the DM Tau protoplanetary disk, the first and only known disk with strong turbulence. Using ALMA observations of HCO+, DCO+, N2H+, and H2D+ combined with results from a grid of 2D chemical models, we attempt to constrain the ionization fraction throughout the disk. From these models, we speculate as to the physical and chemical mechanisms at play in the enigmatic DM Tau disk. | <urn:uuid:4eb453bd-1df6-472c-a839-792e9624c8aa> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://baas.aas.org/pub/2021n6i308p03/release/1 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573540.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819005802-20220819035802-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.888795 | 296 | 2.109375 | 2 |
For the Week 2 Microsoft Excel Module 1 Lab Assignment, you will develop a first quarter revenue analysis for Lindsey’s Shoe Barn. HINT: The finished Lab Assignment should include 3 worksheets.
Problem: You work as an administrative assistant for the central office of Lindsey’s Shoe Barn, which has four regional shops in the state of Georgia. Your district manager has asked you to develop a first quarter revenue analysis.
Perform the following tasks:
- Open Excel and create a new workbook. Create a worksheet (should be the first worksheet of the workbook) with your name in cell A1, date in cell A2, course in cell A3, instructor name in cell A4, and assignment name in cell A5. Name this worksheet “Module 1 Lab Assignment Info”.
Create a worksheet. Name the worksheet “First Quarter Revenue Data”, and change the worksheet tab color to a shade of green. Enter the worksheet title, Lindsey’s Shoe Barn, in cell A1 and the worksheet subtitle, First Quarter Revenue Analysis, in cell A2. Beginning in row 4, enter the region data shown below: (data in link )
- Create totals for each region, product, and company grand total. HINT: You will have column TOTALS and row TOTALS.
- Format the worksheet title with the Title cell style. Center and merge the title across columns A through F.
- Format the worksheet subtitle to 16-point Calibri Light. Center and merge the subtitle across columns A through F.
- Use Cell Styles to format the range A4:F4 with the Heading 3 cell style, the range B4:F4 with the Accent 1 cell style, and the range A10:F10 with the Total cell style.
- Center the column titles in row 4. Apply the accounting number format to the ranges B5:F5 and B10:F10. Apply the comma style format to the range B6:F9. Adjust any column widths to the widest text entry in each column.
- Select the ranges B4:E4 and B10:E10 and then insert a 3-D pie chart. Apply the Style 3 chart style to the chart. Move the chart to a new worksheet named “Revenue Analysis Chart”. Change the chart title to First Quarter Revenue Analysis.
- Change the “First Quarter Revenue Data” worksheet orientation to landscape orientation.
- Reorder the worksheets: (1) Lab 1 Assignment Info, (2) First Quarter Revenue Data, (3) Revenue Analysis Chart.
- Update the author (use your name) and title (use ‘Student’) in the document properties. | <urn:uuid:e0d4e976-698d-4b79-9c48-113ec065fc43> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://ukbestessays.net/for-the-week-2-microsoft-excel-module-1-lab-assignment-you-will-develop-a-first-quarter-revenue-analysis-for-lindseys-shoe-barn-hint-the-finished-lab-assignment-should-include-3-worksheets-probl/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.801374 | 638 | 2.953125 | 3 |
The engine accounts for around 1/4 the cost of your industrial floor sweeper or floor scrubber. Reliability and longevity of the engine greatly impacts the quality of your machine. Kubota manufactures a truly industrial strength engine that lasts longer and requires less maintenance.
|Engine Attribute||Advance with Kubota||Competitors||Advantage|
|Engine Valve Timing Mechanism – Coordination of motion of pistons and valves||Internally geared camshaft. Lubricated and protected from dirt and designed for the life of the engine.||External timing belt. Exposed to dirty application conditions that can compromise belt life. Periodic replacement is required, or there is a risk of catastrophic failure.||Higher reliability and uptime. Reduced maintenance. No risk of catastrophic damage to valves due to timing belt failure. Designed to run reliably in tough industrial applications.|
|Potential for Pistons to Contact Valves – Interference Design||Due to internal lubricated camshaft gears have minimal risk of valve train timing failure.||If timing belt slips or breaks, extensive damage to the valves, cylinder head, pistons, crankshaft, and bearings may occur, resulting in expensive repairs.||Virtually no risk of unplanned and expensive engine down time and repair due to timing issues.|
|Engine Head and Block Material||Cast iron block and head with comparable thermal expansion rates reducing stress on head gaskets and cylinder head bolts.||Cast iron block with aluminum cylinder head have differing thermal expansion rates, placing greater stress on the head gasket.||A Kubota design cast iron cylinder head mated to the cast iron cylinder block is better suited to industrial applications for long-term durability. Whereas typical automotive based engine designs are optimized for higher maximum power output, reduced weight, and minimal production cost (aluminum head/cast iron block). Kubota’s use of common materials between the cylinder head and block reduces stresses in the gasketed joints resulting in long-life. This minimizes the likelihood of random head gasket failures and associated downtime in high hour usage applications.|
|Crankshaft Bearings and Cylinder Block||High capacity crankshaft bearings and cylinder block designed for diesel engine loads for long life.||Crankshaft bearings and block optimized for lighter duty automotive usage of gasoline.||Kubota main bearings are more heavy duty in design since they are based on the diesel platform; this provides greater reliability and longer life. More rigid engine structure on engine block (since borrowed from diesel) results in less radiated noise and vibration.|
|Parts and Service Availability||World renowned for their reliability and for their parts and service network when needed.||Limited support network, but does not carry the same reliability nor service access reputation.||Well established quality reputation and service network to stand behind their products.| | <urn:uuid:c69b0f3f-70ff-4aa6-9409-2586526eadb8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://markcpope.com/ss/kubota-industrial-engines | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.909349 | 586 | 1.992188 | 2 |
brought to you by Kollel Iyun Hadaf of Yerushalayim
& Revach l'Neshamah - http://www.revach.net
|SHEVUOS 41 - Two weeks of study material have been dedicated by Mrs. Estanne Abraham Fawer to honor the Yahrzeit of her father, Rav Mordechai ben Eliezer Zvi (Rabbi Morton Weiner) Z'L, who passed away on 18 Teves 5760. May the merit of supporting and advancing Dafyomi study -- which was so important to him -- during the weeks of his Yahrzeit serve as an Iluy for his Neshamah.|
1. There is a disagreement about whether one who is Chayav a Shevu'ah Min ha'Torah may insist that the claimant take the Shevu'ah instead in order to collect.
2. There is a disagreement about whether Beis Din collects the claim from the property of one who is Chayav a Shevu'ah d'Rabanan and he says, "I will not swear but I will not pay."
3. There is a disagreement about whether stealing an object which was found by a deaf mute, an insane person, or a Katan is ordinary Gezel.
4. If one who is Chayav a Shevu'ah Min ha'Torah is suspected of swearing falsely, the Shevu'ah is put on the claimant instead.
5. If a lender produces a Shtar and the borrower claims that he already paid, he is not believed and he must pay.
6. If a lender produces a Shtar but admits that it was partially repaid, he may not collect the remainder unless he swears.
7. If one borrowed money in front of witnesses, there is a disagreement about whether he must repay in front of witnesses.
8. According to the second Lashon, everyone agrees that if one borrowed money in front of witnesses, he does not need to repay in front of witnesses.
9. If one loaned money on condition that it be repaid in front of Reuven and Shimon, and the borrower repaid in front of two other witnesses, there is a disagreement about whether they are believed.
10. If one loaned money on condition that it be repaid in front of two Talmidei Chachamim, and the money is repaid without any witnesses, the lender may not claim he accepted the money as a Pikadon.
11. If one denied borrowing money, but witnesses testify that he borrowed the money and repaid it, there is a disagreement about whether he is still obligated to repay.
12. If a borrower claims he repaid in front of two specific witnesses and the witnesses deny it, he is not regarded as a liar. He is believed with a Shevu'ah that he repaid without witnesses.
A BIT MORE
1. However, everyone agrees that one who is Chayav a Shevu'ah d'Rabanan may insist that the claimant take the Shevu'ah instead.
2. Everyone agrees that if he is Chayav a Shevu'ah Min ha'Torah and he says, "I will not swear but I will not pay," the Beis Din collects the claim from his property.
3. The Tana Kama maintains that although these people do not have a Kinyan, the Rabanan decreed that an object they find is Gezel for the purpose of preserving the peace, but the Gezel is not collected from his property. Rebbi Yosi maintains that the Gezel is collected from his property.
4. However, if a person who is Chayav a Shevu'ah d'Rabanan is suspected of swearing falsely, the Shevu'ah is not placed on the claimant, because a Takanah is not made for another Takanah.
5. If the borrower requests that the lender swear, the lender must swear before collecting.
6. Although he has a Shtar, he may not collect without a Shevu'ah. The Shtar may not be relied upon since he admits that it was partially repaid. Even if the borrower does not request a Shevu'ah, the lender must swear before collecting.
7. Rav Asi maintains that he must repay in front of witnesses. Shmuel maintains that the borrower may claim, "I paid in front of Ploni and Ploni who have since traveled overseas."
8. However, if the lender instructed him not to repay unless it is in the presence of witnesses, according to Rav Asi he must repay in front of witnesses. According to Shmuel the borrower may claim, "I paid in front of Ploni and Ploni who have since traveled overseas."
9. Abaye maintains that the witnesses are believed. Rava maintains that the witnesses are not believed if the lender claims they are false witnesses.
10. If the lender admits that he received the money, he may not claim that he took it as a Pikadon until two Talmidei Chachamim appear and the condition is fulfilled. Consequently, even if an Ones occurs and the money is lost, the borrower is not responsible.
11. Abaye maintains that he is exempt from repaying since witnesses testify that he repaid. Rav maintains that he is obligated to repay because when a person says he did not borrow, he is also saying that he did not repay.
12. Even though his claim, that he paid in front of the witnesses, turned out to be false, he is not necessarily considered a liar. Since he was not obligated to pay in front of witnesses, he did not pay attention whether the witnesses were present or not.
Next Daf Index to Revach for Maseches Shevuos | <urn:uuid:936c5595-2239-43e8-8bbe-f1b9a8ce2b69> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://dafyomi.co.il/memdb/revdaf.php?tid=26&id=041 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.967458 | 1,257 | 1.835938 | 2 |
1. What is World Science Movement (WSM)?
World Science Movement is a social responsibility project that aims to help children learn to love science and adopt a scientific perspective with a vision to fill the knowledge gap in society and provide equal opportunity of education for kids all around the world. At it's core, with the help of our corporate partners, World Science Movement provides children from disadvantaged backgrounds extensive STEM education tools (such as robotics or coding kits) and their teachers the necessary training to make the best use of these kits. We also train young people, like university and high school students, to mentor these younger children and act as role models for them in their journey toward scientific excellence. We partner with the individualized learning app Twin for remote learning workshops as well!
2. Why do we focus on “science”?
Science is curiosity, information, imagination, creativity, and courage. It is the observation and the experimentation of the structure and behaviour of the natural world, working like a mind of its own. The mind expands in light of how nature operates. When creativity meets knowledge, the child begins to think about solutions instead of problems. True scientific knowledge is not knowledge about one area only - it is about having the ability to think critically about everything from politics to psychology, from banking to philosophy. This is an era of creativity. As the World Science Movement Team, we think of creativity as the skill to create regenerative technologies.
One cannot spell conscience without science: We need science for the utmost good of humanity. For us, science and conscience are two inseparable concepts. We want to help raise children who come up with new technologies and scientific inventions with the vision of creating a peaceful world - children who are socially conscious and brave enough to come up with new solutions for any and all problems. With World Science Movement, our mission is empowering the changemakers of tomorrow to do better, to be better, and to inspire others to do and be better.
3. Who initiated World Science Movement?
World Science Movement is a social responsibility project initiated by Young Guru Academy (YGA) and Twin Science & Robotics.
YGA is an international NGO founded in Turkey in 2000 and operating in the UK, USA & Italy. YGA has partnerships with Imperial College, Harvard, MIT, Stanford, University of Berkeley, London Business School, Politecnico di Turino and received awards from United Nations, Great Place to Work, GSMA, Edison Awards.
Twin is a UK based ed-tech company with 10 years of field experience with children in STEM. Twin has been selected as one of the fastest growing ed-tech companies by Deloitte Technology Fast 50, won BETT Awards 2020 and the SilverPlay for Change Award from Toy Industry of Europe.
4. How can one become a part of the World Science Movement?
There are many other ways you can help! Help is not one-dimensional: It can be something as simple as sharing what we do on social media. Or you can start a mini World Science Movement in your own workplace and initiate a corporate social responsibility project with us!
5. Can I become a part of the World Science Movement from any country?
Yes! Currently, we have projects in 12 countries with our local partners all around the world, and the number of countries keeps increasing every day.
6. What does the Science Education Pack include?
One Science Education Pack contains 10 Twin Kits and a subscription to the Twin App, which contains individualized STEM content. We also provide monthly student reports with a Twin App subscription upon request to evaluate the children’s progress.
Twin Kits are award winning STEM kits designed to advance children’s STEM and 21st century skills through fun hands-on learning and are meant to put children’s problem-solving skills and imagination to the test. Each Twin Kit explores new STEM themes that cover core fields like robotics, science, and technology. With hours of play packed in, the tools and activities found in each kit introduces children to the wonders of today’s most advanced technologies in a fun, accessible and easy-to-use fashion. Additionally, there’s a kid-friendly guidebook to help guide them to build dozens of projects and learn more about their creations.
Alongside the Twin Kits, kids will have access to Twin App, an educational mobile application that has fun, interactive games and DIY challenges for hands-on learning. Inspired by the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals, Twin App’s content introduces the world's most important needs through various subjects like science, engineering, art, and mathematics.
Additionally, you will also have access to Twin’s extensive kit-based curricula, which is compatible with teachers’ academic approach and in-class use.
7. Who are the creators and partners of the World Science Movement?
World Science Movement programme has been developed with the guidance of prominent academicians, including but not limited to Turkey’s first science Nobel laureate, Dr. Aziz Sancar; Prof. Dr. Ger Graus, the Global Director of Education of Kidzania; Dr. Mehmet Toner from Harvard & MIT; Dr. Mutlu Cukurova from UCL; Dr Sunday Popo-ola from Imperial College.
Rolls-Royce, Ford, Boeing, Facebook, Google, Veon, Pakistan Jazz are some of the strategic partners of the World Science Movement.
8. How many children have benefited from the World Science Movement?
As of 2021, we have reached over 400.000 children in 1200 schools from 12 countries in three years. Twin Science Kits are not only used in economically disadvantaged schools but also in prestigious, world class private schools worldwide (i.e. Knightsbridge College, Marlborough College, Koc Schools).
9. What is the WSM Teacher Platform?
After sending 10-15 kits and curricula to each selected school, teachers are invited to an online World Science Movement platform in which every week new STEM content, experiments, and videos are posted. Thanks to the platform, teachers interact with each other, share best-proven practices from their classrooms, and can request help from project volunteers or other teachers when needed. The platform is provided by Facebook Workplace, and the World Science Movement project was selected as one of the best case studies around the world by Facebook for delivering a unique end-to-end solution for STEM education for disadvantaged groups.
10. Can I join the World Science Movement as an individual? How can we become a science volunteer?
Of course! You can contact us to bring WSM to your school and start volunteering today. For more information, please visit the Volunteer section of our website.
11. Who do I contact if I have a question?
If you have any questions that aren’t answered here or you need additional help, please contact [email protected]. | <urn:uuid:8bda37f2-c87d-4cec-b228-3b63a08c327d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.worldsciencemovement.org/faq/faq-10.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.935103 | 1,412 | 2.875 | 3 |
Commercially available, wide-pore ultrafiltration membranes were evaluated for production of α-lactalbumin (α-LA)-enriched whey protein concentrate (WPC). In this study microfiltration was used to produce a prepurified feed that was devoid of casein fines, lipid materials, and aggregated proteins. This prepurified feed was subsequently subjected to a wide-pore ultrafiltration process that produced an α-LA-enriched fraction in the permeate. We evaluated the performance of 3 membrane types and a range of transmembrane pressures. We determined that the optimal process used a polyvinylidene fluoride membrane (molecular weight cut-off of 50kDa) operated at transmembrane pressure (TMP) of 207kPa. This membrane type and operating pressure resulted in α-LA purity of 0.63, α-LA:β-LG ratio of 1.41, α-LA yield of 21.27%, and overall flux of 49.46L/m 2·h. The manufacturing cost of the process for a hypothetical plant indicated that α-LA-enriched WPC 80 (i.e., with 80% protein) could be produced at $17.92/kg when the price of whey was considered as an input cost. This price came down to $16.46/kg when the price of whey was not considered as an input cost. The results of this study indicate that production of a commercially viable α-LA-enriched WPC is possible and the process developed can be used to meet worldwide demand for α-LA-enriched whey protein.
Bibliographical noteFunding Information:
We gratefully acknowledge the financial support provided by Dairy Management Inc. (Rosemont, IL) as administered by Dairy Research Institute (Chicago, IL), and Agricultural Experiment Station, South Dakota State University (Brookings) for carrying out this project. We also acknowledge the supply of GMP standard by Davisco Foods International Inc. (Le Sueur, MN).
- Cheese whey
- Membrane separation
- Whey protein concentrate | <urn:uuid:2fe2b292-4e83-4de3-a1a7-3ba6d61a1d48> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://experts.umn.edu/en/publications/evaluation-of-commercially-available-wide-pore-ultrafiltration-me | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.930279 | 453 | 1.515625 | 2 |
July is packed with feasts and celebrations at Saint Elisabeth Convent. Apart from some big feasts like the Nativity of John the Baptist and the feast of Peter and Paul, we also celebrate two Patron Saint days this month, the Holy Royal Martyrs on July 17 and the Convent’s Heavenly intercessor - Saint Elisabeth the New Martyr on July 18.
Her Grand Ducal Highness, Princess Elizabeth Alexandra Luise Alice of Hesse and the Rhine, was born in 1864. Her mother, Princess Alice of the United Kingdom, was the daughter of Queen Victoria.
In 1887, Princess Alice died of diphtheria and the two sisters, Elisabeth and Alix (the future Tsaritsa Alexandra, the wife of Tsar Nicholas), were partly brought up by their grandmother. The princesses were raised as Protestant Christians.
In June 1884, the young Princess Elisabeth married Grand Duke Sergei and moved with him to Russia. She visited the Orthodox Church several times and read extensively about Orthodoxy in general. Eventually, she decided to convert to the Orthodox faith. She was baptized in 1891 on Lazarus Sunday and participated in the Eucharist for the first time the following week.
On February 18, 1905, Grand Duke Sergei was murdered by a bomb explosion near the Kremlin in Moscow. Princess Elisabeth forgave his assassin, Kaliaev, and even visited him in prison. She gave the man the Gospel and begged him to read it, understand his sin, and repent.
After her husband’s death, she became a nun and gave away all of her possessions. Nun Elisabeth opened the Martha and Mary Home in Moscow and started a movement of sisters of mercy. Saint Elisabeth and the sisters were tirelessly helping the poor, the homeless, and orphans. They later opened a hospital for the sick.
In 1918, she was exiled to Alapaevsk where she, along with nun Barbara (who followed her Abbess, even though she didn’t have to), and a few other people (four princes, a duke and Grand Duke Sergei’s secretary), were violently killed by the Bolsheviks on July 18.
The relics of Saint Elisabeth were placed in the Church of Saint Mary of Magdalene in Jerusalem.
Our Convent is named in honor of Saint Elisabeth because our mission is to continue her philanthropic work by helping those in need. On the Convent’s grounds, there is a beautiful white church which was consecrated in honor of Saint Elisabeth on January 2, 2005.
Inside the church, you can find a five-tier iconostasis and beautiful icons painted in the Convent’s own icon painting workshop. The church is always open for the faithful and the Divine Liturgy is served there on a daily basis.
Saint Elisabeth is our Heavenly Patroness. This is why June 18 is always a very important and joyous feast day for the clergy, the sisters and the parishioners of Saint Elisabeth Convent. We serve the festive Divine Liturgy at the church in honor of St Elisabeth. On the day of the feast, the church is usually decorated with white veils and white lilies - our dear Patroness’ favorite flower.
During the Liturgy, we sing special hymns to the Saint:
“Causing meekness, humility and love to dwell in thy soul,
Thou didst earnestly serve the suffering,
O holy passion-bearer Princess Elizabeth;
Wherefore, with faith thou didst endure sufferings and death for Christ, with the martyr Barbara.
With her pray for all who honor you with love.”
(Troparion on the feast of St Elisabeth the New Martyr)
On July 17, 1918, the Bolsheviks murdered Tsarina Alexandra (Saint Elisabeth’s sister) and her whole family - Tsar Nicholas II, their four daughters - Tatiana, Olga, Maria and Anastasia, as well as their only son Alexei.
Tsar Nicholas was meek and gentle. He loved Christ and Christianity more than anything. He considered it his duty to set an example of a pious Christian to his people. During his reign, the number of churches in the country increased.
The whole Romanov family was a unity in Christ. The Royal children were brought up in the Orthodox Faith. Tsarina Alexandra converted to Orthodoxy from Protestantism.
During the First World War, the Romanov women became nurses and helped the injured. Every family member tried to do their best to live a truly Christian lifestyle - to pray regularly, to give alms, to have love for one another and our Lord.
The Royal Martyrs were first canonized by the Russian Orthodox Church abroad in 1981 and then by the Moscow Patriarchate in 2000.
At Saint ELisabeth Convent, there is a rather small but beautiful crypt church. It was consecrated in honor of the Royal Martyrs on October 13, 2012.
The church’s architecture is truly extraordinary. The interior looks like an ancient catacomb in which early Christians held their services. In the middle of the church there is a large stone baptismal font decorated with carvings and mosaics. It is in this church that the Sacrament of Baptism always takes place.
On the eve of the feast, we serve a festive All-Night Vigil service at the church in honor of the Royal Martyrs and sing special hymns:
“Royalty and martyrdom were joined together, O blest ones, in your death for righteousness and right belief, O wise Sovereigns, Nicholas and Alexandra, with your five children. Hence, Christ God hath deemed you worthy of thrones in Heaven; and with twofold crowns of glory, ye reign for ever, adorned with grace divine.” (Kontakion of Royal Martyrs of Russia)
Saint Varus' life teaches us the power of unwavering faith. He shows that our life in this world is only a fleeting moment of transition to eternity and that worldly honours and comforts are worthless compared to our everlasting salvation.
As the feast day of Saint Vladimir the Great of Kiev is approaching, we are preparing to sing at the all-night vigil and the Divine Liturgy the hymns glorifying his great feat and his apostolic ministry in this part of the world.
Archpriest Artemis (Vladimirov), the Spiritual Father of Moscow's St. Elizabeth Gymnasium and a writer, discusses the relevance of the martyrdom of Grand Duchess Elizabeth Romanov and the Russian royal family to the present.
Saint Seraphim’s life was marked by various signs and wonders testifying to his election from very early in life. At the age of seven Prokhor Moshnin (the birth name of the saint) fell from a tall bell tower but God delivered him unharmed.
On the 21st of November, we celebrate the Synaxis of the Archangel Michael and the Other Bodiless Powers. On this day, we commemorate the Chief of the Heavenly Hosts, Archangel Michael, as well as the Other Heavenly Bodiless Powers.
The Belarusian Orthodox Church is glorified by the names of many local saints. February 6 is the Feast day of not only the Blessed Xenia of St Petersburg, but also of another prominent saint, almost her contemporary, Blessed Eldress Valentina…
On August 1st, the Belarussian Orthodox Church commemorates one of the most well-known Russian saints - Venerable Seraphim of Sarov. Many people all around the world consider him to be their Patron Saint. | <urn:uuid:2c3d3444-8e70-4af1-b402-b2fd074e91f5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://obitel-minsk.org/en/our-heavenly-intercessors-and-patrons | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.966956 | 1,599 | 2.3125 | 2 |
Diwali at Active Explorers Mayfair
What a fun day we had celebrating Diwali, the Indian Festival of Lights on October 22!
The week before, children in the Over 2s room created lantern decorations, ready for the day, and children in the Nurtured room learnt about Diwali. On the day, children and teachers alike enjoyed dressing up in traditional Indian costumes, dancing to traditional Indian music and watching traditional Indian dancing on YouTube.
Both our cook (Nicole) and administrator (Deesha) cooked a delicious chickpea curry and rice for everyone for lunch, which the children absolutely loved! Later in the afternoon Deesha also created some beautiful Henna art on teachers’ hands.
“A fun day was had by all celebrating our Indian cultures here at Active Explorers Mayfair,” says centre manager Selina Hargreaves. | <urn:uuid:798a0936-a64f-4aa9-9e39-4793a72472a5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.activeexplorers.co.nz/news/diwali-at-active-explorers-mayfair/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.942999 | 186 | 1.867188 | 2 |
Everyday AI At Work Blog Series
When they first emerged chatbots were simple – mostly just web browser pop-ups that could only send straightforward messages like “Hi, how are you?” Now with the integration of latest technologies they can be a key customer service element in web based customer interactions.
Hang Seng Bank announced in April 2017 their plan to launch the “Virtual Assistant” service by the end of 2017. The chatbot prototype, powered by IBM Watson, is offered on the website and mobile channels for internal testing currently.
Taiwanese E.Sun Bank (玉山銀行) launched AI chatbot (玉山小i) in April 2017 to provide a personal financial e-advisor service for its customers. The service is based on IBM Watson and was the result of E.Sun Bank’s partnership with IBM and instant messaging app ‘LINE’.
Many of the world’s leading companies are deploying AI platforms, this includes financial institutions and banks, and they are seeing that these deployments are helping to improve customer interactions, reduce backlogs and evolving into facilitating a wider range of self-service offerings. The deployments are also improving business process accuracy, and leading to reduced costs and improved efficiency.
AI Makes Bots Customizable
Integrating the ability to understand and process natural language and understand the tone and sentiment of the conversation has greatly increased the scope and complexity of what can be delivered by using an AI enabled chatbot. This has encouraged business users to explore business use cases and options that deliver additional value to both the consumer and the enterprise.
For example, one company might use a chatbot to help customers with simple online product orders. Another could build a bot that assists professionals with research and communicates using natural language.
In addition, companies are increasing the data available for research by AI, in refining its interactions, so that the extent of the interactive service can further reduce the requirement for human interaction or a manual offline process.
Man and Machine, Working Together
Many companies are deploying virtual assistants to help their customer service agents provide more personalized guidance when interacting with a client. This is leading to better customer satisfaction as in the example of Bradesco, one of Brazil’s largest banks, deploying a virtual customer service solution that allowed its employees to help customers get answers to questions faster. After a few months of training the Watson empowered service can answer questions with 80 percent more accuracy, leading to more satisfied customers. As the AI technology gets more knowledgeable with every interaction, the Bradesco deployed chatbot continues to improve the customer experience and service solution.
Building Emotional Intelligence into Bots
Cognitive computing capabilities can derive information about users’ intentions through the words they use, thereby allowing AI to add emotional intelligence to the chatbot. The goal of every conversation with a chatbot should be to ensure the user feels understood, especially in situations that may be sensitive.
Many companies are already using AI technologies that can detect user tone. For example 1-800-Flowers, the floral gift retailer, launched GWYN, (Gifts When You Need) an AI-powered gift concierge. GWYN interacts with the online customer using natural language. It asks the user questions about the occasion and sentiment for their purchase, then offers a tailored gift suggestion. This process demonstrates that GWYN understands the human intention behind the purchase, rather than just acting as an automated Q&A tool.
As AI progresses, chatbots will become more skilled in natural communication, emotional intelligence and data analysis. And they will increase in their value to any interaction between man and machine, leading to better outcomes and smarter decisions.
By Mimi Poon, Director, Banking and Financial Markets, IBM China/Hong Kong Limited | <urn:uuid:c163a133-6d56-4f14-86a6-d32bdc08c98f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://ibmhkblog.wordpress.com/2017/06/06/ai-chatbots-a-must-have-for-customer-service/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573104.24/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817183340-20220817213340-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.935339 | 782 | 2.109375 | 2 |
Starbucks ‘strongly recommends’ mask wearing inside its stores, no matter vaccination status
By Matt Collins Article may include affiliate links
U.S. Starbucks stores are now “strongly” recommending that customers, no matter their vaccination status, wear masks while inside its stores.
The company stopped short of requiring masks, however, unless local laws require them.
Starbucks was one of the first chains to start lifting mask requirements for vaccinated patrons, though that rule was likely hard to enforce or verify.
As a private business, Starbucks has the legal right to set requirements such as mask wearing while on its property and many legal experts say the company could potentially require employees to be vaccinated, something other companies, but not Starubcks, have done as Aug. 3, 2021.
There have been a slew of inaccurate claims made that mask mandates from private businesses are illegal or infringe on someone’s legal rights.
Coronavirus vaccines and boosters are highly recommended by multiple public health officials and experts. COVID-19 vaccines and boosters have undergone extensive testing and monitoring to ensure their safety. Scientific research has shown the vaccines and boosters to be very safe and highly effective in decreasing the likelihood of contracting the illness and, if one does become sick, symptoms are less severe and less likely to lead to hospitalization or death. For more information about COVID-19 and coronavirus, visit the CDC website. You can locate a free vaccination site or clinic near you at Vaccines.gov. As with any medical decision, you should always discuss your options with your doctor. | <urn:uuid:01f6582d-3665-4340-b569-44745889eeb2> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.mixdexhq.com/food/starbucks-strongly-recommends-mask-wearing-inside-its-stores-no-matter-vaccination-status/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.952818 | 325 | 1.601563 | 2 |
Indonesia’s timber legality system has not been able to stop pulp and paper giants from using illegally sourced timber, as the system is filled with loopholes, an investigation has found.
According to the investigation, pulp and paper companies PT Adindo Hutani Lestari (AHL) and PT Toba Pulp Lestari (TPL) have not been compliant with the country’s timber legality system, called the Wood Legality Verification System (SVLK), even though both firms received legal certification and continued to supply timber to pulp and paper giants.
PT AHL supplies timber to PT Riau Andalan Pulp and Paper (RAPP), which is a subsidiary of Asia Pacific Resources International Limited (APRIL), Indonesia’s second-largest pulp and paper producer. PT TPL, meanwhile, is an affiliate of the Royal Golden Eagle Group according to the World Wildlife Fund (WWF) and Greenpeace. APRIL is also a part of the group.
“We found that PT AHL was still opening up peatland areas [for pulp plantations in North Kalimantan],” Muhammad Kosar from the Indonesian Independent Forest Monitoring Network (JPIK) said. “Some of the peatlands even had depths of more than 3 meters.”
The investigation, conducted jointly by the JPIK and Forest Watch Indonesia (FWI), also found that PT AHL still harvest their wood from natural forests, outside of its own plantation.
Kosar said that PT AHL harvested their wood unsustainably in order to meet the pulp and paper demand from PT RAPP, frustrating APRIL’s mission to stop forests being cleared for new plantations.
He based his argument on an Environment and Forestry Ministry document called the Industrial Material Fulfillment Plan (RPBBI), which showed the usage of timber sourced from natural forests from September to November 2015.
The document showed an increasing volume of timber being cut by PT AHL in North Kalimantan, from 1.07 million cubic meters in September to 1.2 million in October and 1.3 million in November. Meanwhile, the volume of timber cut by PT RAPP itself was constant during that time, with 171,630 cubic meters in Kepulauan Meranti regency and 3,421 M3 in Pelalawan regency, Riau.
“These findings indicate a form of violation of these companies’ own commitments to their own internal Sustainable Forest Management Plan [SFMP] policies. This plan is only to boost their image so that their products sell well in the global market,” Kosar said.
Earlier this year, APRIL announced PT RAPP and its suppliers had stopped harvesting from any Indonesian natural forests, four years ahead of its commitment.
According to APRIL, starting next year the company will derive all of its pulp wood from its own plantations and those of its suppliers, which now total 480,000 hectares, for its 2.8-million-ton capacity pulp mills.
Besides PT AHL, the investigation also found that PT TPL’s operation in North Sumatra was mired with land disputes and the violation of locals’ human rights.
According to Kosar, the local community living in PT TPL’s operating area is still struggling to take over management of a 3,900-square-meter customary forest from the company.
For decades the local residents used to make ends meet by harvesting incense trees from the forest. The villagers, however, are now unable to rely on the forest for their livelihoods because PT TPL, which in 1992 was granted a concession to manage 269,000 hectares of forest in North Sumatra for 35 years, started felling trees on customary land in 2009.
“The conflict there has reached boiling point, with the case falling into the hands of the National Commission on Human Rights [Komnas HAM] in 2014 but until now no resolution has been achieved because of a lack of clear boundaries between the customary forest and the concession,” Kosar said.
Despite the problems, both PT AHL and PT TPL managed to obtain SVLK certificates, issued by PT Sarbi International Certification and PT Ayamaru Sertifikasi, respectively.
“PT AHL received a ‘good’ rating in its final performance assessment result, with a score of 91 percent,” said Kosar.
Therefore, he suspected that certification agencies had failed to assess either company properly as both clearly did not meet the criteria set by the SVLK system.
Commenting on the investigative report, APRIL spokesman Agung Laksamana said that neither company was part of APRIL.
“PT AHL is a third party and short-term supplier of fibre to APRIL Group/RAPP. It is not part of the APRIL Group/RAPP and we do not have any legal relationship with PT AHL beyond a supply chain relationship,” he told The Jakarta Post on Tuesday. “PT TPL is a publicly listed company and not a subsidiary or an affiliate of the APRIL Group. Therefore, we cannot provide any comment on this issue.”
Agung also maintained that APRIL was fully committed to its Sustainable Forest Management Plan.
“We have instructed all our suppliers to fully comply with our SFMP2.0 and more importantly not to conduct any new developments in natural forests and forested peatland. We will continue to ensure that they comply with our strict policies. However, if our suppliers are proven to have committed any violation of this policy, APRIL/RAPP will suspend the relationship with that supplier until it has proven that it has taken the necessary actions to ensure that it fully complies with all laws and regulations and with APRIL’s/RAPP’s strict policies, to ensure that such violations do not reoccur,” he said. ***
PT Toba Pulp Lestari clarifies
The Jakarta Post article “Report Finds SVLK fails to stop illegal logging” published on Dec. 23, 2015 carried various allegations made by a single source, Muhammad Kosar from FWI, against PT Toba Pulp Lestari Tbk (TPL). No attempt was made by the Post to contact TPL for comments or to fact-check.
The following is a point-for-point rebuttal of the allegations carried in the article.
1. “According to the investigation, pulp and paper companies PT Adindo Hutani Lestari (AHL) and PT Toba Pulp Lestari (TPL) have not been compliant with the country’s timber legality system, called the Wood Legality Verification System (SVLK), even though both firms received legal certification and continued to supply timber to pulp and paper giants”.
TPL runs its operations, both in plantations in supplying wood (fiber) as raw material for pulp or in the mill in receipt of wood supply from plantations, in accordance with existing laws and regulations, as well as standards set in SVLK and PHPL (Sustainable Forest Management). Our operations are audited by independent assessors who are accredited by the National Accreditation Committee (SVLK by SGS and PHPL by Ayamaru).
2. “the investigation also found that PT TPL’s operation in North Sumatra was mired with land disputes and the violation of locals’ human rights”.
TPL operates in accordance with the State Forest concession (IUPHHK-HT) from the Minister of Forestry Decree No: 493 / Kpts-II / 1992 dated June 1, 1992 in line with Decree No: SK.58 / Menhut-II / 2011 dated February 28, 2011. There is no dispute over land ownership with the community because our operations are conducted in locations established by the State Forest, and in accordance with our HTI license.
TPL works closely with and in the interest of local communities. They are given access to conduct their activities (e.g. harvest incense trees, taking rattan, and other non-timber forest products) because they can utilize available infrastructure built by TPL.
3. “According to Kosar, the local community living in PT TPL’s operating area is still struggling to take over management of a 3,900-square-meter customary forest from the company”.
Our IUPHHK-HT TPL is located on State Forest with the function of Permanent Production Forest (HP) and there is no customary land in this plantation. However, for the sake of the community, TPL has accommodated and reserved approximately 8 percent of total HTI for livelihood purposes. This is above the 5 percent required by law.
4. “The villagers, however, are now unable to rely on the forest for their livelihoods because PT TPL, which in 1992 was granted a concession to manage 269,000 hectares of forest in North Sumatra for 35 years, started felling trees on customary land in 2009”.
TPL’s concession has been reduced from 269,060 ha to 190,187.72 ha. Although we are allowed by regulation to establish Industrial Timber Plantations covering 70 percent of the total area granted to us, we plan to use only 40 percent. The remainder is set aside for livelihood, local species, conservation areas and infrastructure.
To date, TPL established HTI +50,000 hectares or approximately 26 percent of which can be developed as mandated by the Act of 70 percent as we consider the interests of local communities and of environmental conservation holistically.
Villagers around the forest still depend on forests managed by TPL as TPL provides an opportunity to provide easy access to conduct their activities in harvesting incense trees, taking rattan, and other non-timber forest products in HTI TPL. TPL with collaboration with the Forestry Research Institute of Ae Nauli (BPK Aek Nauli) developing incense trees by producing good incense seeds. The incense seeds have been planted in area of livelihood plant and its benefit to entirely of surrounding communities. TPL also involves surrounding communities in the operations by giving jobs opportunity i.e. land preparation, planting, maintenance, harvesting and hauling to mill site.
5. “The conflict there has reached boiling point, with the case falling into the hands of the National Commission on Human Rights [Komnas HAM] in 2014 but until now no resolution has been achieved because of a lack of clear boundaries between the customary forest and the concession”.
TPL has never committed any human right violations. On the contrary, TPL employees suffered persecution and abduction by certain parties. TPL has set clear boundaries of IUPHHK-HT TPL. The latest solution instructed by the Ministry of Forestry is to accommodate the interests of the society through partnership in developing incense plant. The partnership has been realized after we signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with local communities as per direction of the Ministry of Forestry.
Director, PT Toba Pulp Lestari Tbk
Thank you for your clarification. We apologize for failing to acquire comments from PT Toba Pulp Lestari Tbk.
– See more at: http://m.thejakartapost.com/news/2015/12/23/report-finds-svlk-fails-stop-illegal-logging.html#sthash.BZqf821C.dpuf | <urn:uuid:1c499b38-d99f-4341-ae15-17bc841a8558> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://jpik.or.id/en/report-finds-svlk-fails-to-stop-illegal-logging-2/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.958273 | 2,409 | 1.890625 | 2 |
The first part of the course deals with modeling for stochastic optimization: 1) Risk measures: static measures (polyhedrons, spectral, distortion), dynamic; 2) Two-stage and multi-stage models without risk aversion: a) Examples of two-stage and multi-stage problems: problem of the newspaper seller; a production management problem; a problem of portfolio management. b) Two-stage linear problems. c) Problems with two general stages. d) Multi-stage formulation. 3) Two-stage and multi-stage models with risk aversion.
The second part is about optimization algorithms: 1) Stochastic gradient algorithm. 2) Stochastic mirror descent algorithm. 3) Dantzig-Wolfe decomposition. 4) Cutting plan method. 5) SDDP, AND, DOASA.
- A. Shapiro, D. Dentcheva, A. Ruszczynski, Lectures on Stochastic Programming: Modeling and Theory, SIAM, Philadelphia, 2009.
- S. Boyd, L. Vandenberghe, Convex Optimization, Cambridge University Press, 2009.
- J.R. Birge, F. Louveaux, Introduction to Stochastic Programming, Springer, 1997.
- M.V.F. Pereira, L.M.V.G Pinto, Multi-stage stochastic optimization applied to energy planning, Mathematical Programming, 52, 359-375, 1991.
- R.T Rockafellar, S. Uryasev, Optimization of Conditional Value-at-Risk, The journal of Risk, 2, 21-41, 2000.
- V. Guigues, Multistep stochastic mirror descent for risk-averse convex stochastic programs based on extended polyhedral risk measures, Mathematical Programming, 163, 169-212, 2017.
- V. Guigues, R. Henrion, Joint dynamic probabilistic constraints with projected linear decision rules, Optimization Methods & Software, 32 (5), 1006-1032, 2017.
- Convergence Analysis of Sampling-Based Decomposition Methods for Risk-Averse Multistage Stochastic Convex Programs, Siam Journal on Optimization, 26, 2468-2494, 2016. | <urn:uuid:0f577249-3b52-4ffd-a3ff-0229236210ba> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://emap.fgv.br/en/discipline/stochastic-optimization | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.724687 | 493 | 1.6875 | 2 |
Soon after college, mental illness interrupted
Bud Clayman’s dreams of a filmmaking career.
Thirty years later, he’s making the movie of his life.
“A MESSAGE OF HOPE!” NPR
“MOVING, PENETRATING!” New York Times
“UNIQUELY INSPIRING!” Los Angeles Times
“A REMARKABLE ACHIEVEMENT!” The Huffington Post
“IT’S EASY TO CHEER HIS ULTIMATE TRIUMPH!”
New York Post
Filmmaker Puts His Mental Illness on Screen by Andy Webstermay “This is not a film about hand washing,” says Bud Clayman at the start of “OC87,” adding, “It’s a film about the fear of acting on thoughts.” Mr. Clayman has obsessive-compulsive disorder — specifically...
Soon after college, mental illness interrupted Bud Clayman’s dreams of a filmmaking career. Thirty years later, he’s made the movie of his life. After making this documentary, Bud founded the website OC87 Recovery Diaries, which expands on that story by...
'OC87' A 'Painful And Encouraging' Self-Portrait Robert Siegel talks with Bud Clayman — director of the documentary OC87: The Obsessive Compulsive Major Depression Bipolar Asperger's Movie. Clayman always wanted to be a filmmaker, but a mental breakdown years ago... | <urn:uuid:3be03b5e-05b3-48fd-9e6e-7a58a43b7e4c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://oc87.com/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.870914 | 333 | 1.8125 | 2 |
1. Easier Breathing
This is also one of the problems that babies might have or trouble with. Many who suffer from asthma, allergies, sinuses, stuffiness and throat or ear issues would be cleared up or at least lessened with physical therapy.
2. Better Sleeping Patterns
Better sleep and better sleep patterns is one of the absolute favorite of the parents that babies would get from physical therapy. Most of moms that have been dealing with their babies struggling with sleep every night have reported that this treatment has changed their lives. Especially for most new moms, that a full night sleep of their babies would be a dream come true. So, if your little one is having trouble sleeping, why not give it a try?
3. To Ease Colic Symptoms
Fussing and crying are normal for infants, and a fussy baby doesn’t necessarily have colic. In an otherwise healthy, well-fed baby, signs of colic include predictable crying episodes. A baby who has colic often cries about the same time every day, usually in the late afternoon or evening.
4. Strengthen Immune System
It is true that flu and colds are always targeting babies, since they don’t have a strong enough immune system. If you take your baby to a physical therapist, his chance of getting sick will decrease when around other kids. Over time, you will notice that your baby is getting stronger and his/her immune system seems to be strengthened.
5. Healthy Brain Development
Our spine is the major factor in all movements of our body. It provides balance to the skeletal frame, allows us to move, bend and twist, all the while protecting the spinal cord and spinal nerves. Physiotherapists always promote healthy brain and nerve development which would be a great way to get your baby prepared for a healthy development.
6. Assistance with Digestive Disorders
Whether it’s gas, colic, acid reflux or a score of many other problems that may crop up to your little one, physiotherapy would be the best solution to consider. To ease your baby, and make him/her happier and healthier. You should consider continue visiting a physical therapist on a regular basis for better results.
7. Overall Less Crankiness
We as adults become irritated or cranky whenever we feel stressed and tensed. Babies are the same way! Parenting is not easy at all, so try to visit a physiotherapist to see the difference to your babies and children, as well make things a little easier on you. Regular visits would be better to keep seeing beneficial results to your children. | <urn:uuid:6e38bd7d-0ffe-4353-bd21-33a5b730d0f2> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.painawayclinic.com/en/7-reasons-why-some-infants-require-physical-therapy/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573540.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819005802-20220819035802-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.954829 | 540 | 2.234375 | 2 |
Found 29 resultsAuthor Title Type [ Year]
Filters: First Letter Of Last Name is L [Clear All Filters]
Spatially valid data of atmospheric deposition of heavy metals and nitrogen derived by moss surveys for pollution risk assessments of ecosystems (vol 23, pg 10457, 2016). Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 23:21123-21124.. 2016.
Tropospheric Ozone Assessment Report: Database and Metrics Data of Global Surface Ozone Observations. Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene. 5:58.. 2017.
Evidence of ozone-induced visible foliar injury in Hong Kong using Phaseolus vulgaris as a bioindicator.. 2020. | <urn:uuid:dda76da0-fa4b-44a3-bbdd-d429baa46fa0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://icpvegetation.ceh.ac.uk/biblio?page=1&s=year&f%5Bag%5D=L&o=asc | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.708608 | 148 | 1.75 | 2 |
NCL, the Madhya Pradesh based, coal producer produced 8.73 million tonnes of coal achieving 96% of the month’s targeted production and managed to arrest fall in growth against the previous corresponding period when coal production was impeded in many subsidiaries.
NCL, is the third largest coal producing subsidiary and it contributed to 18% of CIL’s overall coal output of 602.13 million tonnes during 2019-20. For two successive financial years NCL achieved its production target four days ahead of the closure of the fiscal. For FY 20 NCL’s production was 108.05 million tonnes, 102% of its target.
During the first 15 days of May, NCL produced 4.32 million tonnes clocking 2.5% growth for the comparable period last year. It was the only CIL subsidiary to have registered growth. NCL is targeted to produce 113.25 MTs during the current fiscal entailing a growth of 4.8%.
“Generally, the pace of production for coal companies pick up during the second half of the fiscal and especially in the fourth quarter. With growth trend under its belt NCL could sail past target this year as well” a company executive said.
NCL has been concentrating on top soil removal necessary for exposing coal seams and increasing production when demand picks up. During April, the subsidiary removed 29.33 million cubic metres of top soil which was a 6.8% growth compared to same month last year. During the first 15 days of May’20 it registered a 15% growth in topsoil removal.
“The process of removing topsoil and stones is an important performance criterion as it improves the mine geometry and exposes coal seam for future mining. It also makes mines safer to operate,” an executive said.
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- MTM Provisions: Banks may Seek RBI Relief Again
Banks will again ask the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) to allow them to spread provisions toward mark-to-market (MTM) losses over several quarters following a sharp hit in the June quarter on this account.PV Sales in 2022 Set to Beat Record Estimates
India’s passenger vehicle sales this year are expected to be about a quarter of a million units more than the initial projections that were themselves for record high volumes, industry executives said.
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8 mins read | <urn:uuid:577e6d23-4500-4c64-bb72-c7a88b7dae04> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/indl-goods/svs/metals-mining/northern-coalfields-only-cil-subsidiary-to-arrest-falling-production/articleshow/75825251.cms | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.945456 | 541 | 1.585938 | 2 |
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Jun 11, 2002 | ISBN 9780375760495
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In the late 1800s, John Muir made several trips to the pristine, relatively unexplored territory of Alaska, irresistibly drawn to its awe-inspiring glaciers and its wild menagerie of bears, bald eagles, wolves, and whales. Half-poet and half-geologist, he recorded his experiences and reflections in Travels in Alaska, a work he was in the process of completing at the time of his death in 1914. As Edward Hoagland writes in his Introduction, “A century and a quarter later, we are reading [Muir’s] account because there in the glorious fiords . . . he is at our elbow, nudging us along, prompting us to understand that heaven is on earth—is the Earth—and rapture is the sensible response wherever a clear line of sight remains.”This Modern Library Paperback Classic includes photographs from the original 1915 edition.
JOHN MUIR was born in 1838 in Scotland, and immigrated with his family in 1849 to the United States. In 1892, he and his colleague Robert Underwood Johnson founded the Sierra Club, of which Muir was president until his death; he… More about John Muir
“Probably no other man in this country has his enthusiasm for mountains and glaciers . . . united with so rare a literary gift.”—John Burroughs
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The Case of Larry Ray Swearingen
A three-judge panel granted Larry Swearingen a stay of execution one day before he was scheduled to die by lethal injection for the 1998 murder of 19-year-old Montgomery College student Melissa Trotter.
Texas Department of Criminal Justice Larry Swearingen is scheduled to receive lethal injection for the 1998 strangling death of Melissa Trotter.
Mike Graczyk/AP Texas death row inmate Larry Swearingen speaks from the death row facility in Livingston, Texas, Jan. 7, 2009.
Family photo Nineteen-year-old Melissa Trotter was strangled after disappearing on Dec. 8, 1998.
Steve Ueckert/Houston Chronicle Richard Sublett, left, uncle of Melissa Trotter, coordinates search teams hunting for Melissa Trotter with Ron Irvin at Montgomery County College in this 1998 file photo.
Christobal Perez/Houston Chronicle Larry Swearingen listens to the verdict in the killing Melissa Trotter. The victim's grandfather told the defendant: "Hell is waiting for you." | <urn:uuid:2bd1f121-b99c-4732-b6c8-212addc1ffe5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.chron.com/news/slideshow/The-Case-of-Larry-Ray-Swearingen-22994.php | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573540.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819005802-20220819035802-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.886356 | 220 | 1.53125 | 2 |
Medicaid is a program that assists low-income seniors with medical costs. When a senior applies for the program, Medicaid will conduct a five-year look back.
Because Medicaid is a program for people with low income, the financial records and assets of the applicant must be examined before a senior can qualify for Medicaid. Seniors often find themselves needing to spend down excess funds in order to qualify. They must be careful, however, not to try to create a need when there really isn’t one.
Medicaid’s penalty period
When a senior is declared eligible for Medicaid, but the five-year look back reveals that they have given financial gifts to family members during those five years, they are disqualified from receiving benefits for a time period to be determined by Medicaid. This is what is known as the Medicaid penalty period.
For example, if the senior applicant gave their daughter $15,000 three years ago, the applicant is temporarily penalized. This is because, in Medicaid’s determination, that $15,000 could have been used to help fund care for the senior applicant. They may be approved for Medicaid benefits, but there will be a penalty that delays the date that the Medicaid coverage begins.
What does this mean for seniors?
Basically, if you apply and are approved, but a penalty period is imposed, you may have to pay for your nursing home or health care out of your own pocket until the penalty period ends.
The Medicaid five-year look back can be complicated. To avoid being penalized, it is recommended that you seek assistance with the application process. | <urn:uuid:e5d3bde6-3579-4b60-b6b4-64273ad59345> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.slaterelderlaw.com/blog/2022/07/what-is-medicaids-five-year-look-back/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.969247 | 327 | 2.4375 | 2 |
Receiving no fixed funding, the service remains operational because of our dedicated volunteers, the generous donations we receive and fundraising campaigns to raise money to keep the Humber safe. You could get involved too! Here are a few ideas how you can help the Humber Rescue Lifeboat.
Volunteer with us
Humber Rescue Volunteers come from all walks of life and ages. From office staff to engineers, those who have worked on the sea all their lives and others who have never been on water.
We are always looking for volunteers to join our skilled boat crew, shore crew and to help with fundraising events to keep the service operational. No prior knowledge is required as you will be provided with excellent in-house training.
Visit the Boathouse on either a Sunday Morning (09:00 - 12:00) or Monday Evening (19:00 - 21:00) to pick up an application.
Run a Fundraising Campaign
You don't have to Volunteer to save lives, running your own fundraising event and receiving sponsors for Humber Rescue makes a life-saving difference!
From swimming across the Humber to a charity skydive or even hosting a quiz night, we'll be with you every step of the way to help you reach your goal.
Contact us via email or visit the Boathouse to let us know!
Make a Donation
100% of our total income is through donations, we receive no funding from the government and are independent from the RNLI which means every donation is vital to keeping the service afloat.
This would contribute to training, vital equipment such as radios, lifejackets and drysuits but would also help keep our fleet updated with all the latest life-saving technologies.
There's other ways to engage with Humber Rescue, why not try out our activity sheets? Give them a go and show us what you've done! | <urn:uuid:9cb99ac0-75ad-4f4f-886a-662fe2a8af50> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.humber-rescue.co.uk/get-involved | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.955121 | 391 | 1.570313 | 2 |
GitHub and Git
OpenSAFELY uses GitHub to store the code used to create and analyse the study data. GitHub is based on git, an industry-standard version control system that helps multiple contributors manage and share code effectively. GitHub also supports convenient publication of your code, so that anybody can view it, comment on it, and use it themselves. We require that anyone who uses OpenSAFELY publish their code on publication of their papers.
A good starting point for understanding version control in the context of scientific research has been written by The Turing Way collaborative. If you are completely new to these concepts or want to understand more then we suggest reading through their chapter on version control.
To get set up, you will need:
New to git🔗
For Windows or macOS users new to git, GitHub Desktop provides a useful GUI for editing files and gitting. To install GitHub Desktop, visit the GitHub Desktop homepage and click install for your operating system. Once installed, it will ask you to create or sign-in to your GitHub account. Follow the instructions as appropriate.
Once signed in, you'll be taken to a Let's get started page. Note, you'll still need to install the command line version of git alongside Github Desktop, as well as the other OpenSAFELY requirements, before diving in.
Old to git🔗
If you already have git installed and prefer using your existing git workflow, then this is fine.
If you're not sure if you already have git installed, type
git --version into any command line terminal.
Access to the OpenSAFELY GitHub organisation🔗
This is only necessary for running code against the real data. Ask us for access. If you're not sure if you already have access, go to Settings > Organizations in GitHub and see if opensafely is listed.
You will need two-factor authentication (2FA) for your GitHub account to join the organisation. This provides extra security for your account by requiring something you have (for example, an authenticator application on your phone) as well as something you know (your password).
To set up 2FA, follow these instructions. If you're not sure if you already have 2FA enabled, go to Settings > Security > Two-factor authentication in GitHub and check that at least one method is Configured. | <urn:uuid:8e34a098-c134-4938-b3db-e743268500b5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://docs.opensafely.org/install-github-and-git/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.917702 | 483 | 2.859375 | 3 |
The Marketplace of Ideas
- June 23, 2015
- Posted by: k-admin
- Category: Leadership
The “marketplace of ideas” is a rationale for freedom of expression based on an analogy to the economic concept of a free market. The “marketplace of ideas” belief holds that the truth will emerge from the competition of ideas in free, transparent public discourse.
The same is true in organizations. Leaders are the consumers of ideas in the business marketplace. In organizational behavior, a well functioning market place of ideas yields many benefits:
- The best creative thinking of those closest to the customers, the employees, are put into action.
- Assumptions are examined, checked for validity, and if needed, revised.
- Competitive conditions and the company’s evolving operating environment is refreshed and can be used in strategy, planning, and daily execution.
- Employees understand that what they think matters.
- Customers understand that what they think matters.
- Leadership horizons are broadened and perspectives deepened.
- Risks are evaluated and opportunities seized.
- Innovation and adaption can occur.
In the summer of 2003 I was the Deputy Commander of the I Marine Expeditionary Force (MEF), in Iraq. We had defeated the Iraqi Army and Air Force in our sector but were fighting small unit enemy forces in a huge geographic area of southern Iraq. Up to this point we had employed time tested combined arms and maneuver to locate, close with, and destroy the enemy. It worked well against conventional enemy forces. But as we defeated Iraqi units, very small elements and even individual terrorists continued the fight. Traditional combined arms and maneuver did not work very well against them. The fight had changed.
Thankfully, we realized this in relatively short order because the leaders of the MEF, including the 1st Marine Division, 3D Marine Aircraft Wing, 1st Force Service Support Group, and our principal Coalition Ally, the U.K., practiced within a healthy and energetic marketplace of ideas. The leaders of these organizations capitalized on initiative, open communications, and proactive implementation of insights and recommendations from the lowest levels of the MEF; those closest to the enemy and the civilian population, the latter which we were very much trying to help.
Not only did the MEF leaders recognize that the fight had changed, but we tapped this treasure trove of thinking to transition from primarily kinetic actions to counter insurgency operations. The MEF shifted to helping and protecting the civilian population as best we were able, putting Iraqi men to work with jobs, building hospitals, restoring electricity, providing clean water, and targeting the enemy in precise ways to avoid hazarding the civilian population. All of these activities came from the marketplace of ideas in I MEF. Later, other units all over the country recognized and adopted the same approach, a tribute to the power of the producers and consumers in I MEF’s marketplace of ideas.
Years later I worked at a very senior level in a different large organization. It was highly centralized in its decision making with staff functionaries wielding extraordinary influence, effectively suppressing initiative and creativity from those closest to the customers and the organization’s products. The effects of this environment on organizational performance and the ability to adapt and thrive were as negative as the I MEF model had been positive. It is a lesson I will never forget.
Every healthy organization needs a vibrant market place of ideas. If leaders consume its products, the producers will more than amaze with their ingenuity and effectiveness. But the key to success is having leaders who consume the products and help create even better ones.
Leaders have to look to the marketplace of ideas for new and better products every day.
“What we see depends mainly on what we look for.”
— John Lubbock
Keith Stalder, #50
Copyright © 2015 Keith Stalder & Associates, LLC. All rights reserved.
Keith Stalder has over 40 years of leadership experience in organizations from the very large and established to small technology start ups and everything in between. With a broad and deep appreciation for, and understanding of, the fundamental challenges of organizations and businesses, both in government and the private sectors, his passion is to help all organizations become all that they aspire to. He is the founder of Keith Stalder and Associates, LLC, a company dedicated to advancing organizational visions and fundamentally transforming how businesses everywhere are run. Visit www.ksaintegration.com for more information. | <urn:uuid:93d09224-012c-473e-b9d2-9f41032188e5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.ksaintegration.com/the-marketplace-of-ideas/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573540.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819005802-20220819035802-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.962236 | 920 | 2.15625 | 2 |
At Harlands we recognise and value the uniqueness of our children and are constantly searching for ways we can nurture and develop their individual strengths. One way we are working hard to do this is by develop ‘pupil agency’. This means we are giving the children more ownership of the work they do and how they do it. We want our children to be independent, resilient learners; capable of being critical thinkers – confident, self-motivated and able to problem solve. Ultimately, we want our children to be lifelong learners with a growth mind-set. Our Mission I’Mpossible is an area that we are developing to not only develop this ‘pupil agency’, but also to provide the opportunity for quality coaching to take place.
- To develop more independent and resilient learners through enabling our children to be in control of their learning.
- To create a child-centred environment and focus on ensuring all learners meet their full potential within the classroom and the future.
- To have learners find their own achievements from goals they have set themselves and celebrating this.
To have a clear mind-set on their individual learning.
- To have learners personalize their education to tailor their own individual needs and abilities, with the help of the coach (teacher).
- To coach learners and support them in every step to develop their knowledge and skills.
To strive towards the intent for Mission I’Mpossible we firstly focus on pre-teaching of certain areas within the curriculum to underpin key concepts and foundational knowledge. The learners are introduced to the theme of the mission and the key question that will be the focus. Following on from this, pre-teaching then takes place before the child-led learning can begin. When the foundations of knowledge have been cemented coaches (teachers) will then set clear expectations of what needs to be achieved through different learning challenges; Bronze, Silver, Gold and Platinum. Once this has been discussed with the class, learners will then self-select a task relating to the theme of the missions - our topic focus - and start their challenge. During the independent learning sessions, the class teacher provides coaching sessions either 1:1 or in small groups. In these coaching sessions, the coach will discuss with the learner:
- How they are being challenged?
- What they think their new learning goals should be?
- How will they move towards their goal?
- What are their positives from school life?
- Improvements can they make in regards to school life for the future?
The learner then completes their Learning Log to show their journey through the mission.
Virtual Learning Journals - ‘Google Sits’ via Google Classroom: (Example)
We believe that every child has the potential to have greater independence and resilience. Mission I’Mpossible is aiding children to achieve this by thinking through decisions and using problem solving skills, readying them for their future. During their time participating in the missions they start to gain a deeper understanding of content covered in mission work, whilst gaining great pride from creating work independently. Due to the use of ‘pupil agency’ that these sessions need, children show increased engagement and understanding of their work due to the sense of ownership it brings. Finally, the children have a focused small group session to discuss their learning in detail and to guide them to build further on this and growth made.
Updated April 2022 | <urn:uuid:4f998888-7d23-4e66-8a64-bd5e9a6dbfd3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.harlandsprimaryschool.org/Curriculum/Mission-I-Mpossible/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573104.24/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817183340-20220817213340-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.960999 | 725 | 2.3125 | 2 |
We started a SLU-network for DNA-barcoding in 2014 for researchers and analysts working within environmental monitoring and assessment at SLU, using DNA-barcoding in their work or are planning for it. DNA-barcoding is a method to separate certain taxa within a group of organisms from other taxa by using short sequences of DNA from certain parts of the DNA. The aim of the network is the exchange of knowledge, and the exploitation of possibilities for the use of DNA-barcoding within environmental monitoring and assessment.
Maria Kahlert from the Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment took the initiative for this network, which got funding from Fomar (fund for development of methods and communication/knowledge exchange).
SWEBOL - Swedish network for DNA-barcoding
EDNA - open forum for researchers and stakeholders to discuss molecular methods for the use in environmental assessment
COST DNAqua-net - network to discuss molecular methods for the use in environmental assessment and monitoring of European water bodies
Barcoding in environmental assessment (Miljöövervakningsdagarna 2015) (in Swedish)
Spår av DNA avslöjar abborren (P1 radio, in Swedish)
Barcoding for environmental monitoring (Temadag miljöanalys 18.11.2014) (in Swedish)
"Streckkodning av gener" in Miljötrender November 2014 (in Swedish)
Swedish Museum of Natural History, Bi-lagan nr 1 mars 2014:
DNA-streckkodning – så går det till (Johannes Bergsten) (in Swedish)
Konsten att göra en höna av en fjäder – DNA-streckkoder i praktiken (Markus Englund) (in Swedish)
DNA-nyckeln (in Swedish)
SLU-researchers in the network
Please feel free to join!
Andrea Belgrano, Dept. of Aquatic Resources, Inst. of Marine Research Lysekil
Ulf Bergström, Dept. of Aquatic Resources
Anna Berlin, Dept. Forest Mycology and Pathology, barcoding of fungi
Johanna Boberg, Dept. Forest Mycology and Pathology, barcoding of fungi (cooperation within department)Patrik Bohman, Dept. of Aquatic Resources, Inst. of Freshwater Research Drottningholm, crayfish, freshwater, eDNA
Michelle Cleary, Southern Swedish Forest Research Centre, barcoding of forest pathogen funghi
Erik Degerman, Dept. of Aquatic Resources, fish
Stina Drakare, Dept. of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, phytoplankton and their use in biomonitoring (publication about phytoplankton and barcoding)
Lennart Edsman, Dept. of Aquatic Resources, Inst. of Freshwater Research Drottningholm (genetic noble crayfish and singla crayfish, eDNA of crayfish and crayfish deseases)
Ann-Britt Florin, Dept. of Aquatic Resources, Inst. of Coastal Research Öregrund
Hanna Friberg, Dept. Forest Mycology and Pathology, plant pathogenic fungi
Ulf Grandin, Dept. of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, vegetation, biodiversity, ecosystem services
Kerstin Holmgren, Dept. of Aquatic Resources, fish
David Huyben, Dept. of Animal Nutrition and Management, fish gut microbes
Maria Kahlert, Dept. of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, benthic diatoms and their use in biomonitoring (Foma project in cooperation with INRA, France)
Karl Lundström, Dept. of Aquatic Resources, barcoding for diet analysis of seals (plans for diet analysis of more organisms, e.g. cormorants) and seal eDNA in water samples. Cooperation with Swedish Museum of Natural History.
Kirsten Miller Dept. of Ecology, using molecular techniques to understand
trophic interactions (largely in agroecosystems)
Kamyar Mogodiniyai Kasmaei, Dept, of Animal Nutrition and Management, Silage biochemistry and microbiology
Ruth Nichols, Dept. Forest Mycology and Pathology, food webs, molecular ecology, ungulate browsing ecology
Diem Nguyen, Dept. Forest Mycology and Plant Pathology, forest tree diversity and fungal community
Jonas Oliva. Dept. Forest Mycology and Pathology, pathogen funghi
Stefan Palm, Dept. of Aquatic Resources, fish
Göran Spong, Dept. of Wildlife, Fish and Environmental Studies, barcoding, sekvence analyses, development of diagnostic SNP-panels
Johan Stendahl, Dept. of Soil Sciences, barcoding of soil microfauna for environmental monitoring
Malin Strand, The Swedish Species Information Centre, barcoding of ribbon-worms
Astrid Taylor, Dept. of Ecology, barcoding of Oribatida
1. First network meeting at the Swedish Museum of natural history, Stockholm on 21 January 2014 at the seminar "DNA-based species and individual identification – coordination, new opportunities, and applications in society". Get to know participants from SLU, discussion of options and plans with the network, mixer with external actors.
2. Establishment of email-list for easier exchange of information ("firstname.lastname@example.org").
3. Establishment of network-website, and Wikipedia information on DNA-barcoding in Swedish.
4. First internal network meeting 4/3 2014 at SLU, Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, and Forest Mycology and Pathology. Introduction of all partners, visit to DNA-laboratory.
5. Exchange of Foma- and Formas-applications for support and constructive criticism from the network (spring 2014)
6. Exchange of practical experiences with DNA-sampling, -extraction, -sequencing and costs (spring 2014).
7. Brainstorming about future activities of the network (fall 2014)
8. Common application regarding NJ-Faculty's upcoming strategic investments (fall 2014)
9. Common information to the article "Barcoding of genes" in Miljötrender November 2014
10. Participation & co-organization of the “temadag miljöanalys” (theme day environmental monitoring) 18.11.2014: Lecture about DNA- barcoding basics, workshop with stakeholders about barcoding and future needs.
11. Participation & co-organization of FOMA seminar at SLU Aqua 3.12.2014. "Fish, crayfish and mussels as eDNA in environmental monitoring (in English)"
12. Participation & co-organization of FoSW Lunch seminar "Molecular based ecological inventories - revisiting ecology" by Dr. Alain Francs, INRA-UMR BioGeCo-Bordeaux, 11.12.2014, MVM, SLU, followed by meeting on barcoding-pipelines.
- SciLifeLab workshop 5 February 2015. SciLifeLab informed about its possibilities, followed by a discussion with participants on own needs. Lecturers: Olga Vinnere Petterson and Christian Tellgren-Roth. Feel free to contact Olga directly for further discussion, also video meetings possible: email@example.com
SciLifeLab homepage: http://www.scilifelab.se/
SciLifeLab presentation 5/2 2015, see:
- DNA barcoding workshop 16 April
- SciLifeLab workshop on biodiversity and evolution 1 June
- Knowledge gaps for developing DNA barcoding for environmental assessment
- DNA extraction workshop for beginners
Organisms in SLU's barcoding-projects | <urn:uuid:618c98af-f11b-4d94-951f-890aeaade81d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://internt.slu.se/en/support-services/environmental-monitoring-and-assessment/cooperation/dna-barcoding/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.780335 | 1,773 | 2.296875 | 2 |
Medicines have benefits and some have risks. Always read the label and use only as directed. If symptoms persist or you have side effects see your health professional. Brands and generics both contain the same active ingredient(s) and are medically equivalent. Some brands are marketed under different names by the same manufacturer depending on the country of origin. Images are provided as a reference only, the received medicine may vary in packaging, color, pill shape, etc, from one batch to the next. For an item marked "generic" any quality brand may be sent, however you will always receive the active ingredients ordered in the strength(s) ordered.
Manufactured by IND-SWI
Antabuse (disulfiram) is an alcohol antagonist medication used to treat alcoholism. The medication works by producing a sensitivity to drinking alcohol, essentially making one feel a severe hangover shortly after the medication is consumed.
Antabuse is also being investigated as a treatment for cocaine addiction, as well as a new cancer treatment.
Antabuse can be useful as an aid in the management of alcohol dependency, for those who want to remain sober to make the most of supportive therapy. Without the desire and resulting motivation to quit drinking, as well as supportive therapy, the medication is unlikely to be successful---not because it doesn't work well, because it does, but because the patient is unlikely to continue taking it.
Treatment is typically initiated after the patient has abstained from alcohol for at least 12 hours:
Treatment may continue for as long as it is deemed beneficial, which may span months or years.
If the medication has been taken and alcohol is consumed, the patient quickly begins to feel very bad, about 10 minutes later. This effect can last 30 minutes to several hours. Antabuse causes the body to produce a number of effects that mimic hangover, including:
Some of the above can be dangerous, and some individuals have suffered complete cardiovascular collapse and death if they persist in drinking after taking Antabuse. It is, however, fairly rare that an individual is so determined, as the severity of these effects are directly proportionate to the amount of alcohol consumed.
Antabuse is absorbed and eliminated from the body slowly; a single dose may remain active in the body for up to two weeks. There is no tolerance build-up to Antabuse.
Unfortunately the medication does nothing to reduce cravings for alcohol, which is why determination and supportive therapy is so important. Alternatively, other medications that do work to reduce cravings may be utilized, but Antabuse does interact with a wide range of medications.
Precautions & Side Effects
Patients should make sure the prescribing doctor is aware of other major medical conditions, most notably heart disease, kidney or liver issues, diabetes, epilepsy, thyroid problems, or mental illness. Patients who are allergic to rubber or latex may not be able to take Antabuse.
Other side effects are relatively common, but typically mild and tend to disappear after a few weeks of treatment, including:
Patients who experience the following side effects without drinking alcohol should seek medical attention:
Note that alcohol can be found in a range of products, from cough medicines to food. Be very aware of the ingredients in products before consuming them.
Antabuse is known to interact with a wide range of other medications, including over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, supplements, and herbal products. Check with a doctor or pharmacist before mixing other treatments with Antabuse. | <urn:uuid:6b273bd7-d115-4d40-b566-ca38e9e6f342> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.kiwidrug.com/pharmacy/antabuse/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.934696 | 861 | 1.960938 | 2 |
Society & Lifestyle
|Society||Share This Page|
Gender, Geography & Choice
|by Mannika Chopra|
Statistics say that globally, women travellers are increasingly forming the highest growth segment in the travel industry. A recent report, brought out by the Singapore-based Mastercards International, nails the argument.
Based on a survey of 13 countries in the Asia Pacific region, including India, the report shows that the ratio of male to female travellers has catapulted from a 90:10 ratio 30 years ago to a 60:40 level currently. This suggests that today 56 million of the 139 million travellers in this region are women, and by 2011, if the growth continues with the same intensity, they may even surpass men.
In India, a gender breakdown of travellers is almost unheard of. The Ministry of Tourism has no data; neither do trade bodies like the Indian Association of Travel Operators (IATO) and the Federation of Hotels and Restaurants of India (FHRI).
For an accurate segmentation of 2004's 300 million domestic tourists, an intensive web search also proves unproductive. The only authentic gender information on the 5 million inbound tourists and the 6 million outbound tourists estimated this year (2005) lies with the notoriously secretive Immigration Department.
Despite this appalling lack of data within the trade and official establishment, there is an absolute conviction that women are coming into their own as far as travelling is concerned. Far from being simply part of conventional pilgrimage tours, women are travelling as business executives, as part of leisure groups and even solo.
Subhash Goyal, President of IATO, and proprietor of Stic Travels, one of the country's largest travel agencies, believes that the increase in this segment has been 30 per cent over the past three years. He recalls how in the late 1970s he had organized a group of 100 women from the Lakshmi Club of Ludhiana to travel to Japan. "At that time it was an unheard of for so many women to travel abroad without the supervision of their husbands or any male escorts. Now my company routinely organizes such groups."
Internally, too, the travel industry and the establishment has cottoned on to the potential of this niche market. Unfortunately, reactions have been limited to providing services for the up-market frequent fliers rather than providing basic facilities like clean toilets to the "run of the
With crime, molestations and rape - a chronic feature of India's turbulent landscape - upper crust hotels are hard selling their properties by promoting the security and special facilities they provide for the physical and psychological well being of their female guests. For instance, chains like the Oberoi Group and ITC Limited provide dedicated floors for their female clientele. The Leela Kampinsky in Mumbai has a wing reserved for its women guests. The Taj's Residency in Bangalore provides a screen next to the guest's bed to see who is ringing the bell. Specially deputed women butlers for room service, intimate breakfast rooms, companion services, screened calls, women tour guides are all apart of the deal to make a harried women executive feel "safe" for a steep price.
As for travel arrangements, Ankur Bhatia, who runs Amadeus, an online travel booking, says, many travel agencies give special discounted fares to women and throw value add-ons to their itineraries like a shopping spree to attract women.
In a sense, the escalation in this segment was waiting to happen. Ever since the 1991 economic reforms took place, travel for personal pleasure lost its exalted status: from being a luxury indulged in only by the really creamy layer, it became an almost routine activity. But even then, women were not making inroads. This despite the fact that within a family, inevitably, it was the woman of the house who made the travel arrangements.
The doors opened a little wider with the '90s. The BPO revolution, the return of the Leave Travel Concession to government employees and the removing of ceilings on foreign exchange for travel - all helped to stroke the temptation to travel. As disposable incomes increased amongst women so did confidence levels. "The propensity to travel was more the result of affluence than biology," explains Nina Rao, who teaches Travel and Tourism in Delhi University and is associated with an NGO, Equations, that focuses on tourism policy issues.
The urge to cross the seven seas was further triggered by technology. Access to information available on the internet fuelled the market potential. Women grabbed the opportunity and were willing and happy to travel independently.
But somehow, even today, women travellers in India are far from being adventurous divas, ditching the daily grind, struggling against odds to conquer the last frontier. They don't appear as radical disturbers of the peace. For the most part these tourists come from elite background opting for safe group tours reminiscent of the package tours originally started by Thomas Cook for the ladies of the Victorian era way back in the 1900s.
Typically, today, independent women travellers range from the early 20s to late 60s. The younger travellers tend to be single, working women and more creative in their choice of destinations. The older travellers, unburdened by familial responsibility and economic disadvantages are forming a new segment: Well past their 50s, they are old enough to use prudently accumulated life savings and not too young to be hampered by demanding husbands and children. Like Pashi Sareen, 72, who is coordinating a trip for 30 women next year to China. Last year she, along with her friends, visited Pakistan.
Unlike their western counterparts, Asian women travellers still hanker for family connections, so they relish the shared experience while travelling. Often times, women travellers from this region follow an inter-generational approach: Very well-heeled grandmothers travel together with their travel savvy daughters and her tech savvy grandchildren.
Women travelling for pleasure may be a privileged activity; it may not have caused a social transformation but its very presence is changing mindsets leading to progressive thinking.
|More by : Mannika Chopra|
|Top | Society|
|Views: 2044 Comments: 0| | <urn:uuid:09c6d583-11b1-47f7-bd18-ca33c2365fca> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.boloji.com/articles/5740/women-travellers-gender-geography-choice | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.938721 | 1,485 | 1.84375 | 2 |
Date of this Version
The National Wildlife Strike Database for Civil Aviation in the United States contained 38,961 reports of aircraft collisions with birds (bird strikes) from 1990–2004 in which the report indicated the height above ground level (AGL). I analyzed these strike reports to determine the distribution of all strikes and those strikes causing substantial damage to aircraft by height. For the 26% of strikes above 500 feet (152 m) AGL (n=10,143), a simple negative exponential model, with height as the independent variable, explained 99% of the variation in number of bird strikes per 1,000-foot (305-m) interval. Strikes declined consistently by 32% every 1,000 feet from 501–20,500 feet (153–6,248 m). For strikes at ≤500 feet, passerines, gulls and terns, pigeons and doves, and raptors were the identified species groups most frequently struck. For strikes at >500 feet, waterfowl, gulls and terns, passerines, and vultures were the species groups most frequently struck. For strikes that resulted in substantial damage to the aircraft, 66% occurred at ≤500 feet, 29% between 501–3,500 feet (153–1,067 m), and 5% above 3,500 feet. A higher (P < 0.001) proportion of strikes between 501–3,500 feet caused substantial damage to the aircraft (6.0%) than did strikes at ≤500 feet (3.6%) or at >3,500 feet (3.2%). For strikes at ≤500 feet, July–October were the months with the greatest proportion of strikes relative to aircraft movements. For strikes at >500 feet, September–November and April–May had more strikes than expected. About 61% of the reported strikes above 500 feet occurred at night, compared to only 18% of civil aircraft movements. Thus, about 7 times more strikes occurred per aircraft movement at night compared to day above 500 feet. This analysis confirmed that management programs to reduce strikes should focus on the airport environment because 74% of all strikes and 66% of strikes causing substantial damage occur at ≤500 feet. To minimize significant strike events occurring outside the airport (>500 feet), efforts to predict or monitor bird movements using bird avoidance models and bird-detecting radar need to focus on heights between 500 and 3,500 feet AGL, with special emphasis on night movements of birds during April–May and September–November. | <urn:uuid:fa44bf25-8ceb-4568-94fc-47174b8d8f27> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/icwdm_usdanwrc/500/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.954642 | 515 | 3.328125 | 3 |
With a landmark election in our not-so-distant rearview mirror, many Americans have considered and are still considering what “citizenship” looks like, both in theory and practice. Rights and services, from voting to healthcare, are intimately linked to our status as citizens. At the Boston Consortium for Arab Region Studies (BCARS), this connection between citizenship status and access to basic rights and services has been our focus for the last several years, examining how deprivation of citizenship rights impacts millions across the Arab Region.
Graffiti in downtown Cairo
Citizens of MENA countries are increasingly excluded from exercising their basic human and civil rights, whether they remain in their national home or are seeking refuge outside their state borders. Among these are refugees and their compatriots who are internally displaced. Additionally, across much of the region, women are not permitted to confer their nationality to their children or foreign spouses, leaving many without access to employment, healthcare, and education. Compounding these issues is the double-edged sword of conflict and COVID-19, both exacerbating the myriad cascading challenges created by the deprivation of citizenship.
Examining this nexus between citizenship rights, migration, and human rights is BCARS’ current imperative. BCARS is an international forum where Arab Region scholars from Boston and MENA-based institutions can meet and work collaboratively to advance policy and research, strengthen a scholarly community, and mentor the next generation of policy analysts and scholars. Based at Northeastern University, BCARS, with the support of the Carnegie Corporation of New York, has harnessed the wealth of resources and expertise in our greater Boston community and teamed up with MENA-based experts to tease out the many ways citizenship status is integral to the experience of rights and access to services across the region where already, due to conflict, COVID, or corruption these basic rights are routinely challenged. Some key highlights of our collective research in this area include:
Fieldwork in Jordan, Lebanon, and Egypt (forthcoming) that demonstrates the ways refugees, stateless persons, internally displaced persons, and Palestinians are routinely deprived of their citizenship rights. The politics of demography, corruption, racism, and gender discrimination all play a role.
Our reports “Citizens of Somewhere” produced in partnership with the Refugees in Towns project takes a closer look at these dynamics in Jordan, and “Undocumented in Lebanon: Gendered Challenges and Coping Strategies of Stateless Persons and Refugees in Tripoli” produced in partnership with the Fares Center for Eastern Mediterranean Studies at Fletcher examines the Lebanese context.
Our BCARS Bulletins also zoom in on Jordan and Lebanon to explore how different NGOs in the Region are viewing and addressing these issues and how regional politics can complicate the question of citizenship.
BCARS Director, Denis Sullivan, presents his research at MIT
Members of our Executive Committee and Experts Network have also made valuable contributions through publications interrogating the connection between citizenship status, rights, and access to services.
Susan Akram and her team from the International Human Rights Clinic at Boston University have produced a spectacular report, “The Campaign to End Statelessness and Perfect Citizenship in Lebanon.”
Additionally, Fateh Azzam has examined the trajectory of Palestinian nationality and legal questions of citizenship for Palestinians and the Palestinian diaspora in “Palestinian (non)Citizenship,” a report for BCARS and further in The Middle East Journal.
Finally, Lillian Frost’s piece, “Women and Nationality in the Arab World” illuminates the ways in which citizenship is gendered and the far-reaching impacts of citizenship deprivation for women and their families.
This research highlights the ways citizenship status is intimately linked to access to rights and services in the Region and we believe that policy changes that combat the deprivation of citizenship rights are needed to address critical challenges of poverty, corruption, gender discrimination, gaps in education, and conflict.
If you are a researcher, practitioner, or belong to an institution that could contribute to our effort in shining a light on this important but often overlooked issue, we would love to hear from you. BCARS is continuing to build partnerships within and across the US (Boston area and beyond), the Arab Region, and Europe and we welcome the extensive expertise lying in wait on this multi-layered and complex topic.
About the Author:
Allyson Hawkins, Assistant Director, BCARS, holds a Master of Arts in Law and Diplomacy from the Fletcher School at Tufts University, focusing on Human Security and Gender in the Middle East. Her research examines how refugees integrate into informal economies in Jordan and the gender dynamics of citizenship deprivation across the Middle East. She has conducted research for the Refugees in Towns and Financial Journeys of Refugees projects (Tufts/Fletcher) as well as for the German Government (GIZ) on digital solutions to refugee financial inclusion in Jordan. She has also worked for the Consortium for Gender, Security, and Human Rights (Boston), the Collateral Repair Project (Amman) and AMIDEAST (Tunis). | <urn:uuid:3f13dbb7-d819-4814-94f5-c0d77bfad598> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.bnid.org/blog-posts/examining-the-meaning-of-citizenship-in-the-middle-east | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.945209 | 1,032 | 2.03125 | 2 |
For the last several weeks Jesus’ birth has been the topic of conversation. Rightly so, since contrary to popular culture that’s what Christmas is about. That’s why the church studies it, sings about it, and puts on musicals and plays depicting it. That’s why you read about Jesus’ birth with your family and place mangers around your house and in your yard. Christmas is about Jesus. His birth is the reason for the season.
Jesus’ birth is important because it marks the in-breaking of God into history. His birth begins God’s rescue mission to save His people from sin, Satan, and death. So its only right we would remember and reflect on it every year.
There is a Still A Longing in Our Hearts
But as one author says,
“Christmas is … a promise. Yes, the Savior has come and with Him peace on earth, but the story is not finished. Yes, there is peace in our hearts, but we long for peace in our world. Every Christmas is a “turning of the page” until Jesus returns. Every December 25th marks another year that draws us closer to the fulfillment of the ages, that draws us closer to … home.”
The author is right. We have peace in our hearts because the long awaited Savior has come and has died on the cross. That’s not, however, where the story ends.
The Final Chapter
The story doesn’t end with Jesus lying in a manger or hanging on a cross. Nor does the story end with the resurrected Savior ascending into heaven. There is still one more chapter to come. A chapter where Jesus isn’t painted as a humble babe in a manger or a bloodied corpse hanging on a cross. No, the final chapter paints Jesus as a warrior King poised to conquer His enemies.
The Rider on the White Horse
Read the Words of Revelation 19
Then I saw heaven opened, and behold, a white horse! The one sitting on it is called Faithful and True, and in righteousness he judges and makes war. His eyes are like a flame of fire, and on his head are many diadems, and he has a name written that no one knows but himself. He is clothed in a robe dipped in blood, and the name by which he is called isThe Word of God. And the armies of heaven, arrayed in fine linen, white and pure, were following him on white horses. From his mouth comes a sharp sword with which to strike down the nations, and he will rule them with a rod of iron. He will tread the winepress of the fury of the wrath of God the Almighty. On his robe and on his thigh he has a name written, King of kings and Lord of lords.
Then I saw an angel standing in the sun, and with a loud voice he called to all the birds that fly directly overhead, “Come, gather for the great supper of God, to eat the flesh of kings, the flesh of captains, the flesh of mighty men, the flesh of horses and their riders, and the flesh of all men, both free and slave, both small and great.” And I saw the beast and the kings of the earth with their armies gathered to make war against him who was sitting on the horse and against his army. And the beast was captured, and with it the false prophet who in its presence had done the signs by which he deceived those who had received the mark of the beast and those who worshiped its image. These two were thrown alive into the lake of fire that burns with sulfur. And the rest were slain by the sword that came from the mouth of him who was sitting on the horse, and all the birds were gorged with their flesh. (Revelation 19:11-21, ESV)
The Warrior King
John’s picture of Jesus in Revelation is a far different picture than most have of Him. Even so, this is the Jesus we all long to meet. The Jesus who will defeat our enemies once and for all. The Jesus who will fulfill the longing in our hearts. The One we should all turn and follow.
While it was necessary for Jesus to come as a man and die as a man, the story doesn’t end there. The story ends with Jesus conquering our enemies and reigning over His people as a Warrior King. Since that is true, our call should be: Come, Lord Jesus come!
Questions for Reflection
- When you picture Jesus, who do you picture Him as?
- Do you realize Jesus will come as a Warrior King one day to destroy His enemies?
Quote: Joni Eareckson Tada, A Christmas Longing, 137 in Come Thou Long Expected Savior edited by Nancy Guthrie. | <urn:uuid:9f8b898b-6669-4719-8ce6-a5aa3bedc186> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://christianitymatters.com/2013/12/26/jesus-the-warrior-king/?replytocom=5395 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.975943 | 1,003 | 1.773438 | 2 |
The Place Journal: Medium for Getting All the Details of Historic Places in the World
History is said not to be complete without place and time. Place and time are two determining and vital factors to trace a particular set of people’s histories. Have you ever thought of visiting a place just because of the stories you have heard about such places? Or do you travel to places without having something important you want to know about them? With a purpose in mind, which may be historical, political, or economical, you can make comprehensive and well-detailed research.
History is part of education, and as such, should be seen as very integral. With the current surge and increase in the number of individuals interested in finding out about places worldwide through research and travels, we must give history due attention. There should be advanced means through which students and other persons can gain access to these historical places without necessarily going out of their homes.
This is the particular concern of Elsewhere Online. We ensure that, with the aid of our Place Journal, every individual can find information on the activities, news, and events associated with some places in the world. These services are specially opened and made available to Australian Studying Abroad (ASA). Our goal is to ensure that their experience is seamless and convenient.
Elsewhere Online provides “place,” an interdisciplinary, international, and peer-reviewed journal published in annual volume. These publications are dedicated to several scholarly analyses and reviews of places that cover all the fields of human activities, such as cultural and human geography and anthropology. It also extends to philosophy, archaeology, the history of architecture and arts, musicology, urban and regional studies, and spatial history, planning, and architecture.
The place journal has many subjects to offer as it exposes you to different locations across the world. These places have peculiar histories that attract the attention of people and students across the world. This is why Elsewhere Online is devoted to making sure that Australians Studying Abroad have clues and knowledge about these places to explore.
The place journal is also useful in bridging the gap between different scholarly perspectives and views to reach a comprehensive and similar conclusion. The journal also investigates and examines the connection between the past and present. Therefore, you can trust Elsewhere Online to provide the right details, images, and descriptions of the places in the world where you are studying or intend to study.
At the core of this journal is our steadfast commitment to accuracy. We recognise that you will be relying wholeheartedly on the information that we provide in our journal. As such, we ensure that the information that we provide is accurate.
We pay attention to all the necessary details. We ensure that from the comfort of your home and through our journal, you can access all the information about places that interests you. | <urn:uuid:2a712975-199d-49bd-807e-d6f7fbcb470f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://elsewhereonline.com.au/place/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.952866 | 574 | 2.546875 | 3 |
Information Week reveals the conclusive evidence that the Russian government sponsored acts of cyber terror against Georgia:
The cyber attacks against Georgia last year marked the first known time that computer networks were assaulted by civilians in conjunction with physical attacks conducted by a national military force.
A report on the events of August 2008 by the U.S. Cyber Consequences Unit, a non-profit research institute, suggests that future conflicts may follow a similar course, raising difficult questions about who represents the enemy in cyberspace and what countermeasures might be appropriate against civilian combatants.
An overview of the report states that the cyber attacks against targets in Georgia were carried out by civilians with little or no involvement of the Russian military. But the organizers of the cyber attacks had advance notice of the Russian plans and were told when military operations had commenced so they could coordinate digital bombardment with physical bombardment.
“Many of the cyber attacks were so close in time to the corresponding military operations that there had to be close cooperation between people in the Russian military and the civilian cyber attackers,” the report overview states. “When the cyber attacks began, they did not involve any reconnaissance or mapping state, but jumped directly to the sort of packets that were best suited to jamming the Web sites under attack. This indicates that the necessary reconnaissance and the writing of the attack scripts had to have been done in advance.”
John Bumgarner, research director for security technology at the U.S. Cyber Consequences Unit, who helped prepare the report, said that government policies to deal with this blurring of lines between military and civilian aggression has yet to be formulated.
The matter is complicated by the fact that civilians may not necessarily be participating in such events willingly, if their computers are compromised and are part of a botnet.
“Where are the battle lines in cyberspace?” asks Bumgarner. “And who is the enemy?”
Those questions may take a decade or longer to answer, said Bumgarner. It’s a very complex set of issues, he said, and will only become more so as the slow spread of broadband Internet connectivity brings more people with divergent views together online.
Bumgarner expects the attacks on Georgia to become a template for upcoming acts of aggression. “It will be a trend that will be in future conflicts,” he said. “Civilians can become willing participants in fairly major cyber events and they can be anywhere in the world.”
And many appear ready to do so. Earlier this month, in conjunction with the first anniversary of the conflict between Georgia and Russia, a pro-Georgia blogger was targeted on Blogger, Facebook, LiveJournal, and Twitter with a denial of service attack.
The answer, Bumgarner says, isn’t turning the Internet into the equivalent of a police state. Rather, it’s more openness and information sharing so the impact of cyber conflicts can be mitigated.
Ultimately, he says, the Internet may need an international organization, like the U.N. Security Council, to handle acts of cyber aggression. | <urn:uuid:3202169f-f759-498e-b6e3-45e919f44f5a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://larussophobe.wordpress.com/2009/08/24/russian-government-caught-red-handed-in-acts-of-cyber-terror/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.963033 | 644 | 2.265625 | 2 |
Here's a collection of recent science stories that deepen our understanding of the past, both here on Earth and in the heavens.
More than 85 well-preserved dinosaur footprints -- made by at least seven different species -- have been uncovered in East Sussex, representing the most diverse and detailed collection of these trace fossils from the Cretaceous Period found in the UK to date. The footprints date from the Lower Cretaceous epoch, between 145 and 100 million years ago, with prints from herbivores including Iguanodon, Ankylosaurus, a species of stegosaur, and possible examples from the sauropod group (which included Diplodocus and Brontosaurus); as well as meat-eating theropods.
Rare relic is one of only three fossil clouds known in the universe
Our Earth is an aqua-planet, and is the only planet in our solar system where the presence of water on the planet surface has been confirmed. We are, however, not yet sure how our Earth acquired water. Recent studies have shown that other celestial bodies in our solar system have, or used to have, water in some form. Asteroids are considered to be one of the candidates that brought water to Earth. Note that the liquid water is not flowing on the surface of asteroids, but water is retained in asteroids as hydrated minerals, which were produced by chemical reactions of water and anhydrous rocks that occurred inside the asteroids, that is, aqueous alteration. Hydrated minerals are stable even above the sublimation temperature of water ice. Thus, by looking for hydrated minerals, we can investigate whether asteroids have water. | <urn:uuid:dc969b82-e732-42f4-8342-4e7772cee732> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://deborahjross.blogspot.com/2019/03/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.960704 | 335 | 3.859375 | 4 |
It’s easier to be judgemental without knowing you are. For example, you might think you know how everyone must look, think, and act. Oftentimes, motivational website thinking you have everything figured out can offer you a sense of comfort; however, being judgemental does prevent you from making new buddies and trying new things. Fortunately, you can grasp to be less judgemental by changing your outlook, broadening your horizons, and keeping an open mind.
Develop a Less Critical Mindset
Pause when you have a judgmental thought. Judgmental thinking is pretty automatic, so you will require to learn how to put the brakes on it now and then. Try to pay more attention to the judgmental thoughts and block to examine them when you have them.
· When you observe that you are having a critical thought, the foremost thing you will want to do is acknowledge it. For example, if you observe yourself thinking, "I can’t faith she would let her kid leave the house like that," then stop and acknowledge that you are unnecessarily judging someone.
Challenge the judgmental pond. Once you have identified a critical or judgmental thought, then you will require to challenge it. You can challenge the thought by thinking about the assumptions that you are making about humans.
Try to be understanding. After you have examined your assumptions about the circumstance, then you will require to explore a way to practice compassion towards the human you are judging. Try to find a certain way to excuse the behavior. For example, you might excuse the father with the messy kid by thinking to yourself, "It is tough to raise a toddler, and sometimes matters don’t go as planned. I know that I have had times where my lid left the house with a messy dress (or when I left the home with messy shorts).
Identify other humans’ strengths. Concentrating on the matters that you like or even love about someone may also support you to eliminate making snap judgments and appreciate the human instead. Try to think about the stuff that you admire about the individuals in your life to help prevent you from criticizing them.
· For example, you might remind yourself that your junior employee is kind and always listens when you need to tell her something. Or, you might remind yourself that your buddy is creative and makes you smile. Try to concentrate on these positive traits instead of concentrating on the negative ones.
Forget about the stuff you have done for someone else. If you feel like individuals are indebted to you, then this can contribute to a sense that you must be critical of them and cause you to feel resentful. Instead, try to forget about the manners that you have helped others and instead think of what they have done for you.
Find manners to clarify your goals. People sometimes fail to attain their goals as the goals are too abstract and stopping all judgmental or critical behavior is a huge goal. You might find it easy to work on certain targeted aspects of this larger goal. Try to think about what aspects of criticizing and judging others you really need to change.
Becoming a Constructive Critic
Wait a while. Try not to serve criticism to someone right after she or he has done something. If possible offer some praise and then serve criticism a little later. This will offer you a chance to think about the great way to phrase your criticism and increase the chances that it will be well-received.
Provide your criticism along with a few pieces of praise. This is often called the sandwich technique of offering criticism. To use this structure, you would say something nice, then offer the criticism, and then close with another nice word.
Request different behavior in the future. Another great manner to offer criticism to someone is to phrase your criticism in the format of a future request. This is not as severe as making a statement about something someone has just done or as asking someone to completely change their manner.
Embrace positive thinking. A negative mindset does lead to judgemental thinking. Try to see the positive human being aspects in every circumstance, rather than the negatives. When you catch yourself having negative patterns, challenge them. Then, challenge yourself to pick out something pretty positive.
Put yourself in someone else’s shoes. Every human is a unique individual with different talents, skills, and life experiences. Additionally, humans are shaped by their upbringing, including where they progress up, how they were treated, and their living manners. As you get to know individuals, try to imagine yourself in the same position. Even if you may not have made similar choices, accept that they have a right to make their own decisions.
Step out of your comfort zone. Actively seek out new experiences that are different from the matters you normally do. At first, this might be scary, but it can also be a lot of fun! Invite certain friends to join you as you try new stuff. Here are a few ways to step out of your comfort zone:
· Apply a different transportation mode to get to work.
· Try a cuisine that you’ve never gotten in.
· See a series with subtitles.
· Go to a religious service outside of your faith system.
· Do something that adventure you. Stand on top of a tall building, go cycling, or eat a good meal.
Travel as much as you can. Traveling o broaden your horizons and show you how other individuals live all over the world. If you don't have a great budget, you can travel to the next city or take a weekend trip to the next state. What's significant is that you'll see that there are an infinite amount of manners to live your life and that no one human is right about what to say or do.
· You can save dollars when traveling by staying in hostels.
· Make an aim of traveling at least once a year. This will take you out of your comfort zone and will expose you to a variety of individuals.
· You do also try armchair traveling. Pick up a travel book about a location and immerse yourself. Take it further by watching a NETFLIX based in that location.
Spend a day with a friend's family. This will support you see that other families operate in completely different ways from yours. Even if you do a lot of matters the same, you likely have certain differences. This is alright!
Learn something from every individual you meet. Every individual you meet offers value for your life cycle as they all come with lessons you can grasp. Ask yourself what each human has to teach you, whether it’s knowledge, a skill, or a lesson about yourself.
Keeping an Open Mind
Stop your addiction to being right. Every human has his own ideas about how the universe must work, and many times, those ideas are in conflict. Whether or not you’re acting from an educated knowledge base, your values will still form your viewpoint. Others are in the same position, so accept that they might not agree with you.
Form your own opinions. Set aside negative information and gossip that you hear about a person, culture, etc. Challenge assumptions before making out any decision about a particular person or group. Don’t let yourself be swung by falsehoods.
Don’t judge an individual based on their appearance. While it’s true that humans often dress in a manner that expresses who they are, that doesn’t signify that their appearance can tell you all you want to know about a human. Similarly, there are people of all various types with various lifestyles.
Stop labeling people. Labels don’t tell the entire story about a human. In fact, they limit your outlook on them. Try to see each human as an individual. Learn to see past a human's appearance or the individuals they hang out with and concentrate on getting that person's individual story before you jump to any conclusion shell.
Withhold making judgments about individuals. Let humans tell you who they are, rather than assuming that you already identify. You are only seeing a tiny side of each human you meet, and if they perceive you as being judgemental, that will be a very tiny slice. Let your perceptions about a human change as you get to understand them better.
Give people another chance. Sometimes humans are going to rub you the wrong way, but don’t assume the rough about them. Chances are, you’ve also had days when you didn’t put your best foot forward. Give other individuals the benefit of the doubt and keep negative thought patterns at bay.
Don’t gossip about other individuals. Gossiping spreads ill will and makes humans form judgments about one another without knowing the real storyline. Plus, if you generate a reputation as a gossip, motivating people will like coming to you for juicy tidbits about other humans, but they won't really be able to the faith you.
Karma Writer at billion things to do:
Karma is an influencing content writer who can motivate you to become an optimistic personality in life. So much of passion and inspiration you will find in the writings, especially in the fictional articles.
Did you enjoy this post? Please spread the thoughts!!! | <urn:uuid:bbf0b3b4-3fc5-493b-b471-bcae6a6c32f8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://abillionthingstodo.com/motivation/How-to-be-less-Judgemental | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.962268 | 1,888 | 2.859375 | 3 |
The environmental risks of neonicotinoid insecticides
A new study published in the Journal of Applied Ecology that reviews the current scientific evidence on neonicotinoids found that 90% of neonicotinoids persist in soils, where they accumulate and leach into waterways. Neonicotinoids are neurotoxins that are highly toxic to most insects, and are one of the most commonly used insecticides in the world. The residues of these chemicals that are often found in soils and waterways have levels that are high enough to be lethal to most insects, including beneficial organisms such as pollinators. Treated seeds may also be toxic when consumed by birds and mammals. Certain neonicotinoids that were banned by the European Commission because of fears that the chemicals are killing bees, birds, mammals and soil organisms, but they are still commonly used in the US. | <urn:uuid:c95af6fb-5536-4373-ad69-cfba079f0c57> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.organic-center.org/research/environmental-risks-neonicotinoid-insecticides | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.971757 | 171 | 3.359375 | 3 |
- 1 What is the meaning of tulip flower?
- 2 What is the use of tulip flower?
- 3 What is special about tulips?
- 4 Why is Holland known for tulips?
- 5 What flower symbolizes death?
- 6 Are tulips romantic?
- 7 Why do they cut the heads off tulips?
- 8 Are tulips good for skin?
- 9 What months do tulips bloom?
- 10 Why were tulips so expensive?
- 11 What is the lifespan of a tulip?
- 12 Do tulips have a scent?
- 13 Did the Dutch eat tulips?
- 14 What country is famous for tulips?
- 15 Are tulips worth more than gold?
What is the meaning of tulip flower?
The most known meaning of tulips is perfect and deep love. As tulips are a classic flower that has been loved by many for centuries they have been attached with the meaning of love. They’re ideal to give to someone who you have a deep, unconditional love for, whether it’s your partner, children, parents or siblings.
What is the use of tulip flower?
Tulips are the most popularly used as wedding flowers in the form of table decorations, bridal bouquets and general decoration. When used for gardening purposes, tulips can really brighten up the space with its array of beautiful colors. Tulip bulbs are edible and are a good substitute for onions during cooking.
What is special about tulips?
The meaning of tulips is generally perfect love. Like many flowers, different colors of tulips also often carry their own significance. Red tulips are most strongly associated with true love, while purple symbolizes royalty. White tulips are used to claim worthiness or to send a message of forgiveness.
Why is Holland known for tulips?
At the beginning of the 17th century, everyone had become so besotted with tulips that people started using them as garden decoration. They soon became a major trading product in Holland and other parts of Europe. The interest for the flowers was huge and bulbs were sold for unbelievably high prices.
What flower symbolizes death?
Chrysanthemum: In America, this gorgeous flower has many meanings, but it is often used as an expression of support or an encouragement to “get well soon.” In many countries in Europe, the chrysanthemum is placed on graves and viewed as a symbol of death.
Are tulips romantic?
Tulips are a very beautiful, romantic flower that are often sent to show delicate, but firm beauty. Tulips come in many colors, each with a significant meaning. Send yellow tulips to declare that you are “hopelessly in love” with your beloved. Red tulips are a “declaration of love.” Pink tulips show “caring.”
Why do they cut the heads off tulips?
Unfortunately, for growing high-quality flower bulbs, it is necessary to remove the flower as soon as it is in full bloom. In this way, the energy from the tulip no longer goes to the flower, but that energy flows back to the flower bulb, which in this way can grow and multiply better.
Are tulips good for skin?
Tulips are a powerhouse when it comes to skincare. They’re packed with a slew of ingredients and traits that will give you glowing, youthful skin all year round. So, what’s in a tulip? These pretty flowers are natural humectants, meaning they retain water.
What months do tulips bloom?
Bloom times will depend on your location and the weather but, as a rule, early tulips will bloom from March to April and mid- season types will extend the blooming period later into spring. If the weather is cool, tulips may last 1-2 weeks.
Why were tulips so expensive?
“Broken bulbs” were a type of tulip with a striped, multicolored pattern rather than a single solid color which evolved from a mosaic virus strain. This variation was a catalyst causing a growing demand for rare, “broken bulb” tulips which is what ultimately led to the high market price.
What is the lifespan of a tulip?
Tulips do not have long lifespan. They usually live from 3 to 7 days.
Do tulips have a scent?
Tulips are fragrant While it is true that the majority of tulips are odourless, some of them are blessed with quite a pleasant and sometimes intense fragrance. Whichever scent predominates in a certain tulip variety, tulips definitely smell like spring and happiness, don’t they?!
Did the Dutch eat tulips?
It may sound strange, but every Dutchman knows the story: during the war, people ate tulip bulbs. The only reason for this was hunger. The Netherlands suffered a great famine in the winter of 1944-1945. Eating tulip bulbs is not something our ancestors did for fun, they did it because there was nothing else to eat.
What country is famous for tulips?
The Netherlands, the land of flowers The arrival of tulips in the Netherlands brought new color to the country. We’re now also known for DJs, cheese and soccer (aka football to the rest of the world), but flowers remain our top export product representing an annual revenue of 6.2 billion euros.
Are tulips worth more than gold?
The Golden Age. Back in 17th century Holland, tulips were legendarily worth more than gold. At the same time, the country was at the beginning of its Golden Age, so tulips became a symbol of wealth. Their desirability exploded, in what was known as ‘ Tulip Fever’ or ‘ Tulip Mania’. | <urn:uuid:525da128-ea68-416f-98fd-d43646375a4a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://sissetonflowershop.com/tulips/question-what-is-tulip-flower.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.953868 | 1,234 | 2.5 | 2 |
United Nations Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon has said he is deeply troubled by Boko Haram’s “continuing indiscriminate and horrific attacks” against the civilian populations of Cameroon, Chad, Niger and Nigeria, according to the United Nations.
In a statement released today, a UN spokesperson said Mr. Ban is appalled by the continued abductions and use of children as so-called “human bombs,” as well as by testimony that many of the girls and women held by Boko Haram are repeatedly raped while in captivity and compelled to marry their captors as part of the group’s ongoing campaign of forced imprisonment and sexual violence.
“The perpetrators of these despicable acts must be brought to justice,” the Secretary-General’s declared in the statement. “He regrets that in spite of the military gains made by the affected countries, Boko Haram continues its wanton destruction and killing of civilians.”
Sexual violence has been regularly employed by Boko Haram as a weapon against female populations. Some 276 girls were abducted by Boko Haram from their school in Chibok, located in Nigeria’s restive north-eastern Borno state, in April 2014, as the militant group ramped up brutal attacks targeting the African country’s children.
At the same time, Mr. Ban voiced deep concern over the further displacement of some 40,000 civilians in Cameroon, Chad, Niger and Nigeria in the last three weeks and urged members of the Lake Chad Basin Commission and Benin “to create a secure environment for the safe and voluntary return, resettlement or integration of displaced persons and refugees.”
In addition, the statement said the Secretary-General urged the States involved in operations against Boko Haram to ensure that all measures taken to address the terrorist threat of Boko Haram are conducted in line with international humanitarian, human rights and refugee law.
“To be remotely effective, the response to this threat has to go beyond a purely military one,” it continued. “Legitimate grievances, past and current human rights violations, and the root causes of the conflict must also be addressed.” | <urn:uuid:9271248e-de41-474a-a4ea-90fe01fe2858> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://news.un.org/en/story/2015/05/499542-boko-haram-militants-must-be-brought-justice-un-chief | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.969817 | 438 | 1.960938 | 2 |
Luke 24: 13-21, 28-35
SS Lesson for 03/31/2013
Devotional Scripture: Mark 16:4-6
The lesson exclaims about that Jesus, our Lord LIVES! The study's aim is to remind us that we have eternal hope because we have a living, eternal Savior. The study's application is to urge believers to live lives that reflect the hope and knowledge we have because Jesus Christ lives.
31 Then their eyes were opened and they knew Him; and He vanished from their sight.
Imagine how those followers of Jesus must have felt on their way to Emmaus. All their hopes and dreams for the future had been crushed by the news of Jesus' death. The Messiah for whom they had waited so long had come. They were convinced that the man from Nazareth was God's promised Redeemer. Though it is possible that they did not personally witness His miracles, the stories of His extraordinary deeds were widespread. No one could do those things if He were not the Messiah. At least, they had (past tense) believed that. Now that He was dead, they did not know what to believe, Have there been those times in your life when circumstances made it hard for you to believe God's promises? "The tests are back, and I'm sorry to tell you it is cancer." "Sir, the principal wants to speak with you about your son." "We have appreciated your service to the company for the past twenty years, but—" In the midst of tragedy, God is able to bring triumph. Because He is in control of each person's life, victims can become victors. The disciples on the road to Emmaus were glad to talk with the stranger who joined them. When life caves in on you, talking about the difficulties can help. Luke's account of their discussion gives us a glimpse into the frustration they faced. Jesus talked too. Although they were prevented from recognizing Him at first, they must have been intrigued by His frank discussion of the Old Testament and His rebuke of their unbelief. However, it was the impromptu meal to which they invited Him that helped open their eyes to the truth. As the Lord broke bread for the meat, their spiritual eyes were opened, and gladness replaced the gloom. The psalmist declared, "He restoreth my soul" (Ps. 23:3). Without allegorizing the story of the Emmaus disciples, it is worth noting that their day of tragedy became a day of triumph after they spent some time with Jesus. He emphasized knowing and believing the Scriptures. The fact of Jesus' death seemed to mock their understanding about who Jesus was. Cold, hard facts can be stubborn irritants that drain our resolve and weaken our confidence. But faith does not deny the facts or distort reality. It forces us to trust God's control because we realize He alone can move mountains and calm seas. Of course, He does not always do things the way we would like. Sometimes He calms the storm, and sometimes, instead, He calms us. Life is difficult at best. Even as believers, we realize we are no longer living in the Garden of Eden and have not yet reached heaven. Viruses attack the bodies of believers as well as those of non-Christians. Our homes may burn, and our children may fail just as often as do those who do not love God. Like-the Emmaus disciples, we can be blinded by earthly circumstances. We need to remind ourselves that God never guaranteed everything in our lives would be good. He promised instead that all things would work together for good (Rom. 8:28). That is how He continues to restore our souls.
[Their eyes were opened] The obscurity was removed. They saw him to be the Messiah. Their doubts were gone, and they saw clearly that he was risen, and was truly, as they had long hoped, the Saviour of people. It is not meant that they were before "blind," but that they did not know until then who he was.
[He vanished out of their sight] He suddenly departed. It does not appear that there was anything miraculous in this, but, during their surprise, he took the opportunity suddenly to withdraw from them.
The concept of the major outlines came from reviewing the Scriptural Text.
How the chief priests and our rulers delivered Him to be condemned to death, and crucified Him
Jesus Was Crucified, Buried and Resurrected
They constrained Him, saying, Abide with us
Then their eyes were opened and they knew Him
Jesus Fully Realized
In some traditions, a wake is held in the home of the deceased after a funeral. The body of the deceased is present in this ceremony, and food and drink are served to those who have come to pay their respects. In some churches, a meal is held in the church fellowship hall. But no matter what the tradition, everyone eventually goes home after a funeral. We cannot stay at the church, the funeral parlor, or the cemetery very long. We go home. Jesus died less than 24 hours after he celebrated a Passover meal with his disciples. His body was buried late on a Friday afternoon, a rushed interment to beat the arrival of the Sabbath that began at sundown (John 19:31). The stunned disciples stayed together (John 20:19), but they shared sadness and shock more than food or drink. There had been no proper funeral for their friend and teacher. The next day, Sunday, some of Jesus’ disciples apparently did what we do after a funeral: they started for home. Two set out for Emmaus, a village outside Jerusalem. The unexpected turn that this trip took is the subject of this week’s lesson.
The Gospels highlight the role of the 12 apostles, but there were other followers of Jesus as well. We see this in the plurality of candidates available to replace Judas (Acts 1:23). The other, non-apostolic disciples included both men and women (see Luke 8:1-3). About 120 of them were gathered together in Jerusalem sometime between Jesus’ resurrection and the Day of Pentecost (see Acts 1:15). Our story today concerns two such disciples. The name of one is given as Cleopas. We have no other confirmable information about this man. But one intriguing suggestion is that he is the same as the Clopas of John 19:25, mentioned as being the husband of one of the women named Mary who stood by the cross as Jesus died. That leads to the further theory that the other, unnamed disciple in today’s lesson could be that Mary. If these two are husband and wife walking back to their home village of Emmaus in Luke 24:13, that would throw a certain light on today’s story regarding the hospitality they offered to Jesus. But if (1) Mary the wife of Clopas is the same as “Mary the mother of James,” who had witnessed the empty tomb (Luke 24:10), and (2) Luke 24:22-24 establishes that the two disciples in today’s text had not witnessed the empty tomb, then (3) the unnamed disciple of today’s study would not be Mary the wife of Clopas. Jerusalem was the largest city in the region, perhaps 30,000-50,000 in population. It was surrounded by many small villages of a few hundred people each. The residents of these villages tended vineyards, fields, orchards, flocks, and herds. The temple city of Jerusalem was fed economically by these villagers, who traveled to Jerusalem several times a year for festivals and to pay an annual temple tax. Emmaus was one such village. Today we are uncertain of its actual site, since the village was likely destroyed in the Roman military campaign that swept through Palestine in AD 66-70.
When Jesus met with His disciples for the Passover, He instituted the Lord's Supper to commemorate His death. Little did His followers realize that they were soon going to witness what communion was meant to symbolize. After leaving the upper room, the Lord and His apostles made their way to the Garden of Gethsemane. There the Saviour agonized in prayer over the events that were about to unfold. After being betrayed by the traitor's kiss and arrested, Jesus was led away to several hearings that culminated in His condemnation and crucifixion. Meanwhile, the disciples fled into the darkness. Most of them went into hiding for the immediate future. The ensuing hours must have tested the faith of the apostles as it had never been tested before. With Jesus' crucifixion, their hopes were dashed. That, of course, all changed on the third day when Christ arose. Though at first they doubted that this had actually occurred, before long Jesus' disciples were convinced that the resurrection was true.
In this section, the scene is set. The characters are Jesus and the two men, one of whom is named Cleopas. Let us look first at our Lord and then at the two men. The Lord appeared to these two men as a man. From His appearance one would have thought of Jesus as only a man. From Mark’s gospel (16:12) we learn that Jesus appeared to these two “in a different form.” This might only mean that Jesus appeared to the men in His resurrected body, but it seems to mean that He appeared to them in a body that was not immediately recognizable in appearance. Might this mean, for example, that the nail scars were not apparent, so that all the tell-tale indications of His identity would have been concealed? Not only did Jesus appear to these two as a man, He also appeared to them as one very much like them. He too was a traveler, it would have seemed. He was, like them, walking to Emmaus. To be more accurate, it appeared that He was walking further than Emmaus, for He acted as though He would go on when they stopped. Strangely, it would seem, Jesus even appeared as one slightly below those with whom He traveled. By this I mean that Jesus was perceived by these men either to be totally “unplugged,” totally aloof to what was going on, or somewhat slow on the uptake. The words of these two men to Jesus were a mild rebuke, as though as to say, “Come on, man, get with it!”
Now let us turn our attention to these two men. These men were disciples, men who were intimately acquainted with and associated with the eleven. Luke referred to them as “two of them” (verse 13), the “them” obviously referring back to the eleven apostles (Luke 24:9-11). From what they tell our Lord, they were privy to all that had taken place and to all that was reported to the apostles by the women. They were not numbered among the eleven, but they were closely associated with them. They were, in truth, disciples of our Lord. These disciples were, however, very discouraged. They had, for all intents and purposes, given up all hope. Their faces were sad and downcast (verse 17). They had hoped that Jesus was the Messiah (verse 21), but due to His death they had concluded that He was only a prophet—a true prophet of God, a powerful prophet, but only a prophet, who died like many of the other prophets of old.
13 Now behold, two of them were traveling that same day to a village called Emmaus, which was seven miles from Jerusalem.
14 And they talked together of all these things which had happened.
15 So it was, while they conversed and reasoned, that Jesus Himself drew near and went with them.
16 But their eyes were restrained, so that they did not know Him.
17 And He said to them, "What kind of conversation is this that you have with one another as you walk and are sad?"
18 Then the one whose name was Cleopas answered and said to Him, "Are You the only stranger in Jerusalem, and have You not known the things which happened there in these days?"
19 And He said to them, "What things?"So they said to Him, "The things concerning Jesus of Nazareth, who was a Prophet mighty in deed and word before God and all the people,
20 and how the chief priests and our rulers delivered Him to be condemned to death, and crucified Him.
21 But we were hoping that it was He who was going to redeem Israel. Indeed, besides all this, today is the third day since these things happened.
45 Then he opened their minds so they could understand the Scriptures. 46 He told them, "This is what is written: The Christ will suffer and rise from the dead on the third day,
18 But this is how God fulfilled what he had foretold through all the prophets, saying that his Christ would suffer.
10 In bringing many sons to glory, it was fitting that God, for whom and through whom everything exists, should make the author of their salvation perfect through suffering.
10 Concerning this salvation, the prophets, who spoke of the grace that was to come to you, searched intently and with the greatest care, 11 trying to find out the time and circumstances to which the Spirit of Christ in them was pointing when he predicted the sufferings of Christ and the glories that would follow.
20 But how is it to your credit if you receive a beating for doing wrong and endure it? But if you suffer for doing good and you endure it, this is commendable before God. 21 To this you were called, because Christ suffered for you, leaving you an example, that you should follow in his steps.
4 Therefore, since Christ suffered in his body, arm yourselves also with the same attitude, because he who has suffered in his body is done with sin.
25 It was the third hour when they crucified him.
36 "Therefore let all Israel be assured of this: God has made this Jesus, whom you crucified, both Lord and Christ."
14 For you, brothers, became imitators of God's churches in Judea, which are in Christ Jesus: You suffered from your own countrymen the same things those churches suffered from the Jews, 15 who killed the Lord Jesus and the prophets and also drove us out. They displease God and are hostile to all men
20 The chief priests and our rulers handed him over to be sentenced to death, and they crucified him;
31 Now it was the day of Preparation, and the next day was to be a special Sabbath. Because the Jews did not want the bodies left on the crosses during the Sabbath, they asked Pilate to have the legs broken and the bodies taken down. 32 The soldiers therefore came and broke the legs of the first man who had been crucified with Jesus, and then those of the other. 33 But when they came to Jesus and found that he was already dead, they did not break his legs. 34 Instead, one of the soldiers pierced Jesus' side with a spear, bringing a sudden flow of blood and water. 35 The man who saw it has given testimony, and his testimony is true. He knows that he tells the truth, and he testifies so that you also may believe.
For what I received I passed on to you as of first importance: that Christ died for our sins according to the Scriptures, 4 that he was buried, that he was raised on the third day according to the Scriptures,
9 He was assigned a grave with the wicked, and with the rich in his death, though he had done no violence, nor was any deceit in his mouth.
57 As evening approached, there came a rich man from Arimathea, named Joseph, who had himself become a disciple of Jesus. 58 Going to Pilate, he asked for Jesus' body, and Pilate ordered that it be given to him. 59 Joseph took the body, wrapped it in a clean linen cloth, 60 and placed it in his own new tomb that he had cut out of the rock. He rolled a big stone in front of the entrance to the tomb and went away.
When they had carried out all that was written about him, they took him down from the tree and laid him in a tomb. 30 But God raised him from the dead,
14 Later Jesus appeared to the Eleven as they were eating; he rebuked them for their lack of faith and their stubborn refusal to believe those who had seen him after he had risen.
34 and saying, "It is true! The Lord has risen and has appeared to Simon."
29 "Brothers, I can tell you confidently that the patriarch David died and was buried, and his tomb is here to this day. 30 But he was a prophet and knew that God had promised him on oath that he would place one of his descendants on his throne. 31 Seeing what was ahead, he spoke of the resurrection of the Christ, that he was not abandoned to the grave, nor did his body see decay. 32 God has raised this Jesus to life, and we are all witnesses of the fact.
3 Praise be to the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ! In his great mercy he has given us new birth into a living hope through the resurrection of Jesus Christ from the dead,
4 For to be sure, he was crucified in weakness, yet he lives by God's power. Likewise, we are weak in him, yet by God's power we will live with him to serve you.
28 Then they drew near to the village where they were going, and He indicated that He would have gone farther.
29 But they constrained Him, saying, "Abide with us, for it is toward evening, and the day is far spent." And He went in to stay with them.
30 Now it came to pass, as He sat at the table with them, that He took bread, blessed and broke it, and gave it to them.
21 Once you were alienated from God and were enemies in your minds because of your evil behavior. 22 But now he has reconciled you by Christ's physical body through death to present you holy in his sight, without blemish and free from accusation
3 Praise be to the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, who has blessed us in the heavenly realms with every spiritual blessing in Christ. 4 For he chose us in him before the creation of the world to be holy and blameless in his sight. In love
9 who has saved us and called us to a holy life — not because of anything we have done but because of his own purpose and grace. This grace was given us in Christ Jesus before the beginning of time,
13 Therefore, prepare your minds for action; be self-controlled; set your hope fully on the grace to be given you when Jesus Christ is revealed.
9 "As the Father has loved me, so have I loved you. Now remain in my love. 10 If you obey my commands, you will remain in my love, just as I have obeyed my Father's commands and remain in his love.
4 Remain in me, and I will remain in you. No branch can bear fruit by itself; it must remain in the vine. Neither can you bear fruit unless you remain in me. 5 "I am the vine; you are the branches. If a man remains in me and I in him, he will bear much fruit; apart from me you can do nothing. 6 If anyone does not remain in me, he is like a branch that is thrown away and withers; such branches are picked up, thrown into the fire and burned.
28 And now, dear children, continue in him, so that when he appears we may be confident and unashamed before him at his coming.
6 He who says he abides in Him ought himself also to walk just as He walked.
15 Whoever confesses that Jesus is the Son of God, God abides in him, and he in God. 16 And we have known and believed the love that God has for us. God is love, and he who abides in love abides in God, and God in him.
14 He redeemed us in order that the blessing given to Abraham might come to the Gentiles through Christ Jesus, so that by faith we might receive the promise of the Spirit.
3 Praise be to the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, who has blessed us in the heavenly realms with every spiritual blessing in Christ.
14 If you are insulted because of the name of Christ, you are blessed, for the Spirit of glory and of God rests on you.
13 while we wait for the blessed hope — the glorious appearing of our great God and Savior, Jesus Christ, 14 who gave himself for us to redeem us from all wickedness and to purify for himself a people that are his very own, eager to do what is good.
31 Then their eyes were opened and they knew Him; and He vanished from their sight.
32 And they said to one another, "Did not our heart burn within us while He talked with us on the road, and while He opened the Scriptures to us?"
33 So they rose up that very hour and returned to Jerusalem, and found the eleven and those who were with them gathered together,
34 saying, "The Lord is risen indeed, and has appeared to Simon!"
35 And they told about the things that had happened on the road, and how He was known to them in the breaking of bread.
17 And Elisha prayed, "O Lord, open his eyes so he may see." Then the Lord opened the servant's eyes, and he looked and saw the hills full of horses and chariots of fire all around Elisha.
18 I counsel you to buy from me gold refined in the fire, so you can become rich; and white clothes to wear, so you can cover your shameful nakedness; and salve to put on your eyes, so you can see.
18 Open my eyes that I may see wonderful things in your law.
18 I pray also that the eyes of your heart may be enlightened in order that you may know the hope to which he has called you, the riches of his glorious inheritance in the saints,
16 I pray that out of his glorious riches he may strengthen you with power through his Spirit in your inner being, 17 so that Christ may dwell in your hearts through faith. And I pray that you, being rooted and established in love, 18 may have power, together with all the saints, to grasp how wide and long and high and deep is the love of Christ, 19 and to know this love that surpasses knowledge — that you may be filled to the measure of all the fullness of God.
16 Therefore we do not lose heart. Though outwardly we are wasting away, yet inwardly we are being renewed day by day.
22 For in my inner being I delight in God's law
13 For you created my inmost being; you knit me together in my mother's womb.
23 Let us hold unswervingly to the hope we profess, for he who promised is faithful. 24 And let us consider how we may spur one another on toward love and good deeds. 25 Let us not give up meeting together, as some are in the habit of doing, but let us encourage one another — and all the more as you see the Day approaching.
20 For where two or three come together in my name, there am I with them."
42 They devoted themselves to the apostles' teaching and to the fellowship, to the breaking of bread and to prayer. 43 Everyone was filled with awe, and many wonders and miraculous signs were done by the apostles. 44 All the believers were together and had everything in common. 45 Selling their possessions and goods, they gave to anyone as he had need. 46 Every day they continued to meet together in the temple courts. They broke bread in their homes and ate together with glad and sincere hearts, 47 praising God and enjoying the favor of all the people. And the Lord added to their number daily those who were being saved.
14 They all joined together constantly in prayer, along with the women and Mary the mother of Jesus, and with his brothers.
2 When I came to you, brothers, I did not come with eloquence or superior wisdom as I proclaimed to you the testimony about God. 2 For I resolved to know nothing while I was with you except Jesus Christ and him crucified. 3 I came to you in weakness and fear, and with much trembling.
15 But in your hearts set apart Christ as Lord. Always be prepared to give an answer to everyone who asks you to give the reason for the hope that you have. But do this with gentleness and respect, NIV
3 that is, the mystery made known to me by revelation, as I have already written briefly. 4 In reading this, then, you will be able to understand my insight into the mystery of Christ, 5 which was not made known to men in other generations as it has now been revealed by the Spirit to God's holy apostles and prophets. 6 This mystery is that through the gospel the Gentiles are heirs together with Israel, members together of one body, and sharers together in the promise in Christ Jesus.
17 Jesus replied, "Blessed are you, Simon son of Jonah, for this was not revealed to you by man, but by my Father in heaven.
("From Heartbreak to Heartburn" From the Series: Luke: The Gospel of the Gentiles)
I believe you and I fall into the very same trap into which the disciples fell. We read and study the Scriptures through the grid of our own sin, of our own desires, our own ambitions and preferences. We arrive at our own idea of what God should be like, and what His kingdom should be, and then we rearrange the Scriptures, over-emphasizing some, and ignoring others, so that we have nicely (but wrongly) proof-texted our own thinking. How often we do this in those areas of tension, where two seemingly contradictory things are somehow linked; for example, in the biblical truths of divine sovereignty and human responsibility, or in the areas of suffering and glory (our own, I mean). We would rather have one of these areas (the pleasant, warm and fuzzy one, of course) and reject the other. This we cannot do. We may, like the prophets, have to hold two truths in tension, seeking and praying to understand their inter-relationship, but we dare not reject one and hold to the other exclusively. When you think about it, Jesus could have identified Himself as the Lord to these two men, and then proceeded to teach them on the basis of His authority. As it turns out, Jesus taught them on the basis of the authority of the Scriptures. Think of it, instead of teaching this lesson as the Christ, He taught this lesson about the Christ, but as a mere man, as a total stranger, even as a man who seemed poorly in tune and not in touch with what was going on. The two disciples rebuked Him for asking what things were going on in Jerusalem. They saw Him as one who was ill-informed, out of touch. And yet, as such, Jesus rebuked them and taught them the most marvelous survey of the Old Testament ever taught. The men later recognized the impact of Jesus’ teaching—it set their hearts afire, not just because Jesus taught them, but because the Scriptures were taught accurately, and thus with their own power and that of the Holy Spirit. It was the Scriptures, then, as explained by Jesus Himself and as illuminated by the Holy Spirit, that opened the eyes of the disciples so that they were ready and able (in God’s timing) to discover who it was who was with them. We must come to the Scriptures looking for God to change our lives, suspecting our temptation to change God’s Word to conform to our lives. We must depend upon the Holy Spirit to enable us to understand the mind of God. And, we must read and study the Bible as a whole, not just in its parts. We must read and study the Bible in much bigger chunks, and not simply race through a couple of devotional thoughts on passages randomly selected. It is the whole counsel of God which we must learn. Our goal should be to learn all that God has taught us about Himself, ourselves, the gospel, and our mission, not just the parts we like to hear, that make us feel good. Let us go to the Word of God so that He can rearrange us, rather than to rearrange His Word.
During the twentieth century, the Soviet Union was officially an atheist state where persecutions of Christians and the church were common. The final days of the Soviet Union witnessed a beginning of glasnost (meaning “openness”) in that society, and some interesting things happened. One of these took place during one of the last great May Day parades in Moscow. After the parade’s seemingly endless procession of troops and military equipment, a small, ragtag group entered Red Square. The group consisted of shabbily dressed priests and other Christians—those who had felt the government’s persecution firsthand. The leader carried a large cross, which he raised high as they approached the reviewing stand. On the reviewing balcony was Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev, the ruler of that Communist empire. The small group stopped in front of and below this powerful man and his entourage, the masters of millions of people. The huge crowd watched with interest, and a hush came over the people when the Christians stopped. The leader, holding the cross, raised his voice as he said, “Mikhail Sergeyevich, Christ is risen!” In a world soaked with unbelief, this message never changes. Christ is risen from the dead. The world can never be the same because the Son of God has conquered death. May our hearts burn with the reality of the risen Lord!
1. We often fail to see the great things God is doing right in front of us (Luke 24:13-16)
2. How foolish we so often are to assume that God is unaware of what we are concerned about (vs. 17-18)
3. Lack of faith causes us to become disillusioned about things we ought to have been ready for (vs. 19-21)
4. We may be slow to perceive, but the Lord knows how to break through our dullness (vs. 28-31)
5. When we truly encounter the Lord, we just have to tell others (vss. 32-35) | <urn:uuid:ce772f9c-4d41-44e8-8a1c-2ddf184bd75d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.zaologos.com/sslesson/SS130331.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.987909 | 6,423 | 2.171875 | 2 |
European training | Non-formal education, artistic practices | October 2016 | Marchiennes
From the 15th to the 23th of October 2016, Histoire de Savoir(s) organised a European training about non-formal education through visual arts. This training gathered 28 European participants: volunteers, youth and cultural stakeholders, students and professors.
The idea of this training is based on this quote:
“Education through art is a natural learning tool on all stages of individual development, reinforcing values and essential disciplines for the intellectual, emotional and social development of a human being among a community. Gathering at a global level stakeholders of education through is necessary for sharing experiences, improving practices, and reinforcing the status of art within education. International cooperation and a better understanding between peoples must be reinforced (…) in order for the human right to “freely take part to the cultural life of the community, to access art’ and to create beauty by himself while interacting with his environment, will become reality.” Dr. Herbet Read, UNESCO, InSEA
Practicing visual arts such as photography, video and graphic arts develops many skills and competencies, stimulates personal reflection and critical thinking, develops personal creativity and sensibility, social cohesion through collective reflection on society, encourages tolerance and the defence of the values of humanism, and reinforces civic expressions.
The objectives of the training are
- To discuss and demonstrate the relevance of using visual arts as tools of non-formal education
- To train participants to the use of technic tools on photography, video and graphic arts
- To share best practices and participants’ experiences
- To develop a European network of organisations acting in the fields on non-formal education through artistic practices.
List of partner associations:
- Beriba ALTUM – Latvia
- Associazione Culturale Malik – Italy
- FIBICC – Spain
- Asociatia Education Studio – Romania
- Povod – Slovenia
- United Societies of Balkans – Greece
European Training financed through Erasmus+ programmes, in regards to their KA1 action “Mobility of young people and youth workers”: http://www.agence-erasmus.fr | <urn:uuid:e162fd35-0bc2-4058-9166-fa60078e6189> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://histoiredesavoirs.com/wordpress/en/formations/art-for-your-future-2/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573540.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819005802-20220819035802-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.897888 | 460 | 2.671875 | 3 |
Stocks, or shares, are a type of security that denote ownership in a corporation. The holder of a stock owns a claim to a percentage of the corporation's earnings and assets. Penny stocks are stocks that normally trade for under $1, often for under a penny. They are poorly regulated and penny stock fraud has become so prevalent a colorful vocabulary has sprung up in response.
The most common penny stock fraud is the Pump and Dump. A small group of speculators will accumulate a large number of shares in a penny stock. Once their positions are in place, they will release positive financial porn, news so unexpected and titillating it can drastically affect people's perception of the stock. The intent is to get small-time investors to start trading irrationally. The news is almost always false, but before this is discovered, the price of the stock often skyrockets and the original speculators exit with large profits.
The converse of a Pump and Dump is a penny stock fraud called the Poop and Scoop. Here the manipulators spread highly negative false rumors about a company in order to drive the price down. They buy as the stock plummets, counting on a rebound in price once the rumor is dispelled. In a related fraud, manipulators first short sell stock before releasing the rumors. On the subsequent decline, they cover their positions at a profit.
Another common penny stock fraud is Front Running. In this case, the news is actually true; insiders or brokers, knowing what is coming, take large positions ahead of the news becoming public. If insiders are involved, this is also referred to as insider trading, and is illegal.
When a stock has been laying dormant for a long time, insiders may attempt to increase interest with a type of penny stock fraud known as Circular Trading. Using multiple accounts, often established overseas, they will trade the same shares back and forth between their own accounts to create the appearance of activity. With the assistance of a complicit broker, they may complete Cross Trades, where large blocks of stock are traded without appearing on the exchange records. Once third party interest is generated, one of the schemes described above may be executed.
Collectively, these techniques are referred to as Guilt-Edged Investments. The internet, with its ability to instantaneously spread information, has brought with it an explosion in the number of penny stock frauds. Stock-related chat boards and forums have become ground zero of such schemes, and regulatory agencies such as the SEC have begun monitoring them as a first line of defense. | <urn:uuid:f9231e30-182d-42f3-b7a3-7cb58a370b33> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.smartcapitalmind.com/what-is-penny-stock-fraud.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.966654 | 522 | 2.5 | 2 |
Bill Gates (Bill&Melinda Gates Foundation), Bill Roedy (former CEO of MTV Networks International), The Afghan Minister of health, UNICEF, WHO, Hans Rosling, the World Bank and several other top world leaders have one thing in common: A passion for reaching “The Fifth Child”.
If you live in one of our worlds developed countries, you probably don’t think that much about the effect of vaccines. It’s just “something” you have been given at a health station, hospital or at school during your early childhood.
– But what about those children living in the worlds poorest countries? Or places of conflict? And is it any truth in claims about vaccines leading to lethal diseases?
In this documentary, we tell the story of what has, and is being done to reach “The Fifth Child”, and the people who work tirelessly to fulfill this mission.
The Fifth Child is now available for rent and download on iTunes, Google Play and Amazon | <urn:uuid:31de4107-3c52-4034-a476-c42ac4359d93> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://fifthchildmovie.com/synopsis/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.931003 | 208 | 1.53125 | 2 |
Without fanfare, Newfoundland exhibits stunning wildlife, physical geology, and flora day-to-day. We have encountered very few Americans in Newfoundland, yet the experience rivals any of the beauty, history, and scientific interest of iconic U.S. National Parks like Yosemite, Yellowstone, or Glacier.
In the next three posts we will cover Puffinorama, Whaleorama, and Rockorama (geology) in Newfoundland.
In one day – on the Bonavista peninsula of Newfoundland – we had a complete overload of seabirds, whales, and physical beauty.
As these photos and videos illustrate, we were up-close to a puffin reserve (along with many other seabirds) in Elliston NL. We were fortunate to see a reserve that could be accessed on land. Photographers are camped out and we learned quickly the protocol for how close you can get to the puffins: no noise, no dogs, etc.
The colony is massive, though not as big as a nearby reserve in Witless Bay (accessible by boat) that is reported to account for 60 percent of the breeding pairs in North America. They create elaborate colonies using burrows of their own making — or in some places taken over from rabbits.When on land they are breeding and protecting their young.
Puffins display comical, anthropomorphic, and whimsical behaviors – similar to the behavior and popularity that penquins enjoy in our culture. They are characters. They display brilliant colors and contrasts. They are photogenic. They are curious. Their stamina and robustness is epic.
To be honest, puffins are not the most graceful fliers or walkers. Some of their landings look more like crashes than landings. They plod gingerly from place to place on land. This is partly because they are simultaneously designed for flight, underwater fishing, as well as living on land and water for extended periods. Sort of like a warthog airplane, not a F-35. They are superbly adapted to swimming and fishing underwater, yet can launch at 400 beats a minute to become airborne. Their water range extends from the Arctic Circle to New York.
Pairs mate long periods and the males share in the incubation, feeding, and protection of the young. Their life expectancy is 20 years.
So many puffins, so little time. | <urn:uuid:f0edd0d1-31a7-4197-8fe6-67b7acb67680> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://lawlorvan.com/2019/08/09/puffinorama/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.951982 | 483 | 2.734375 | 3 |
Test Automation suite of assesments are designed to test individual on aspects of test automation including the understanding of requirements for automation, defining and implementing a test automation framework, awareness of various tool suites and options available in the market, understanding the potential use of tools, and the methods and means to introduce a tool into an organization. In addition this suite also focusses on how to evaluate the individual tool suites by vendors like HP, Microsoft, IBM Rational, and also Open Source Tool Suites like Selenium and others. Given the importance of scripting, we also have a focus on evaluating the individual capability for scripting as well.
Totally, this suite enables organizations to define an assessment for 4 levels, and across 43 Skill Areas of importance and interest to many organizations.
This assessment is best suited for individuals involved with Automation as their core area of work. Even individuals aspiring for a career / movement into Test Automation can consider taking this assessment to know their gaps. All individuals with the following roles can undertake this assessment:
Test Automation is a very critical skill, and now the most highly demanded area of interest for many. The main coverage of the assessments focus on 4 different categories – Technology, Process & Technique, Tools & Automation, and Management & Support.
Basics of Information Technology | Operating Systems | Programming Languages | Database Management | Application Architecture | Web Applications | Mobile Applications | Cloud Applications | Mainframe Applications | Enterprise Applications | Embedded Systems
Automation Fundamentals | Automation Requirements | Automation Process | Business for Test Automation | Agile Methodology | Automation Frameworks | Test Automation Strategy | Planning Test Automation | Test Automation Architecture | Testing Tool Concepts | Automated Test Execution | Defect Reporting | Defect Management | Maintenance of Test Suites | Environment Setup | Test Automation CoE | Metrics & Measurement
Scripting for Testers | Fundamentals of Automation | Functional Testing Tools | Performance Testing Tools | Test Management Tools | Test Design Tools | HP Suite | IBM Suite | Microfocus Suite | Open Source Tools | Microsoft Suite | Neotys Suite
Vendor Management Skills | Team Management | Configuration Management | Infrastructure Management | Reporting & Reviews | Documentation | Stakeholder Management | Cost Management
The standard assessment is configured for 100 questions for 120 minutes. Typical passmark is set for 75% on the total assessment. The test is required to be taken in one sitting and is normally available for a month from the date of purchase.
At the end of each assessment, the individuals shall receive a individual assessment report for their personal reference. Individuals are encouraged to write to us for a personalized learning plan based on the weaknesses in the skill areas, and proficiency level. Our subject matter experts will work with the individuals to develop a integrated development plan to improve on the weaknesses identified in the assessment. | <urn:uuid:13faff13-c12b-46f8-976f-f3522d395580> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://softwaretestingassessments.com/test-automation/?add-to-cart=1411 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.871607 | 578 | 1.835938 | 2 |
Ubay recreates these sign-of-status objects: precious materials, appropriate forms or unique experiences that project luxury on us—not only on the one who acquires them as products, but on anyone who lives under the same system where its reign is supreme. The capacity of emptying and filling all the things within our reach as receptacles makes each one of our decisions shroud us in the brand of ourselves. Individuals stand as psychological subjects while their material reality disappears. Broken and decomposed, their only objective is to recompose themselves, identify their traumas and their vocations and eventually find themselves in their self-realisation. The greatest form of reconstruction that the logic of fashion permits them is that of productive consumption. As in all ideological programmes, its manifestations are self-evident: thus mobility and access as markers of privilege or the economy of attention act as tangible values. On an unstoppable trajectory towards the immaterial, subjects recompose themselves in their acts of consumption while their flesh and bones become ethereal.
In his scenarios, as in window designs or in the layout of a new catalogue of season furniture, the artist borrows the forms and compositions, ruptures and tears of several avant-gardes. The satiny, the bright, the reflective, the dramatic and the voluptuous of some of them coexist with the flat, the cut, the cold and the calculated of the other. The forms, colours and abstract lines, whether minimal or overflowing, detach themselves from their programmatic past to surrender to the evidence that there isn’t any con, revolution, alternative or protection, that everything that was, is now ‘up for grabs’. Just as in magazines, scenarios become a ‘background’ where the body gives shape to materials and objects (fabrics, armchairs and tea cups are made to their measure), but where it is already absent. Repetitions, déjà-vus, games of mirages and deformities point to the capacity to mould the image (of that body that is missing in the work of art): the skin, as a surface made up of digits, is now adapted to the bony structure of a system that requires bodies to be as transparent and available as possible.
Jean Baudrillard describes fashion as a phenomenon inseparable from consumption, and them both as factors of social inertia in the chapter “Sign-Function and Class Logic” of his For a Critique of the Political Economy of the Sign. Telos Press Publishing, U.S., 1st edition (June 1, 1981) | <urn:uuid:96418ac9-b536-4a47-963a-56794defa57c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://artizar.es/en/exhibition/ubay-murillo-%C2%B7-un-cierto-dominio/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573104.24/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817183340-20220817213340-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.957387 | 540 | 1.695313 | 2 |
Many people can have had journeys or holidays cancelled owing to coronavirus, and it’s not but clear how lengthy restrictions on journey will last. 15 calendar days after the primary day of the interruption of earnings (April 14, 2010). Business New South Wales CEO Stephen Cartwright says it’s “encouraging” to see greater than 500,000 businesses have already signed up” to the federal government’s JobKeeper program. Some businesses are topic to ongoing particular regulation, for instance, public utilities , funding securities, banking, insurance coverage, broadcasting , aviation , and well being care providers.
Treasury Board is a sub-committee of Cabinet accountable for the general fiscal administration and reporting of the Manitoba authorities and the institution of insurance policies required for the environment friendly administration of public funds to fulfill government objectives. When Service Canada requests an ROE : The most typical state of affairs wherein we would ask you to issue an ROE occurs when an employee is working two jobs and experiences an interruption of earnings in one among them. Staff who’ve non-customary work schedules (also known as lay days): Some employers have agreements with their staff for schedules that allow for alternating intervals of labor and go away.
Our concepts are with you during this tough time.
Native offices routinely get hold of employers’ requests for workers to fill a wide range of jobs from entry level to extremely certified. When an worker’s wage falls underneath 60% of ordinary weekly earnings attributable to sickness, harm, quarantine, being pregnant, the necessity to look after a new baby or a child positioned for the wants of adoption or the necessity to present care or help to a member of the family who’s critically ailing, an interruption of earnings occurs. Primarily based on Google, 50% of all the mobile prospects who use Google for local searches in a day visit the businesses they search.
Our thoughts are with you throughout this tough time.
Martha stops engaged on March 30, 2010, which is the primary day of the interruption of earnings. Workers and employers ought to stick with a contract until it ends (for instance, by an employer or worker giving uncover or an employee being dismissed) or until the phrases are modified (normally by settlement between the employee and employer). How the banking and finance trade can help prospects and businesses to entry the finances, help and steering they need. Asosiasi Perusahaan Pembiayaan Indonesia (APPI) menyebutkan, anggota perusahaan leasing yang terdaftar menawarkan 3 bentuk restrukturisasi kredit bagi para debitur, yakni, perpanjangan jangka waktu, penundaan sebagian pembayaran, dan jenis keringanan lain yang ditawarkan oleh perusahaan leasing.
Setelah Anda menambahkan orang ke Pengelola Bisnis, beri orang tersebut akses ke aset seperti akun iklan atau Halaman. Is eighteen to 29 years outdated (please be aware that the age limit is just not relevant if the worker renders providers mainly inside a particular monetary zone (SEZ) to an employer that is operating inside the SEZ. WhatsApp Business adalah aplikasi yang dapat diunduh secara freed from charge dan didesain khusus untuk pemilik bisnis kecil. | <urn:uuid:7332a94c-292b-4aea-b596-0038d54a918b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://unza-vn.com/new-step-by-step-map-for-unza-finance | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.846445 | 731 | 1.609375 | 2 |
When trying to get life insurance, diabetes patients may have a difficult time. Many life insurance companies may not cover individuals with diabetes due to the increased risk of a shorter life span. When looking at companies for life insurance, diabetes patients may first want to see if they offer life insurance for diabetes patients. Once that is established, the next step may be looking into what is required to get life insurance. Diabetes patients may be required to submit their medical records to the insurance company.
The cost of life insurance for diabetes patients may be higher than the price of life insurance for others. For pregnant women looking for life insurance, diabetes may be a temporary situation. In the case of gestational diabetes, mothers may be better off waiting until after the baby is born to apply for life insurance. For more information on gestational diabetes, read “Finding a Competitive Term Life Insurance Rate with gestational Diabetes”.
In the world of life insurance, diabetes may be considered high risk, so the life insurance policies available may be high risk policies. You may be required to submit information such as the type of diabetes you have, how long you have had it, how many times you have been in the hospital, and whether or not you are insulin dependent. | <urn:uuid:f70eeeff-0c6f-496e-9648-ca4d5e2966bf> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.lifeinsurancematters.org/getting-life-insurance-for-diabetes-patients/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.919386 | 251 | 1.757813 | 2 |
The Levant and Turkey
According to the World Bank Director for the Middle East and North Africa Ferid Belhaj, the World Bank has renewed its commitment to support Lebanon over the next three years. The amount of grants and loans earmarked to Lebanon are over $1.5 billion. The funds will help improve the quality of Lebanon’s public education system and help expand access to Syrian children between the ages three to eighteen.
According to Israeli defense and diplomatic officials, Hamas is in the process of digging over six miles of tunnels leading from Gaza to Israel per month, and some of the tunnels are undetectable. A senior diplomatic source went on to say that Israel has no perfect solution to the tunnel problem and neither does any other country. A recent report on the tunnels came to light in the midst of claims that Prime Minister Netanyahu mishandled the 2014 Gaza war and that the scope of Hamas’ tunnel network had caught him by surprise.
A suicide bomber blew himself up earlier this week in a crowded district in the predominantly Kurdish town of Qamishli in northern Syria. The attack was claimed by ISIL and resulted in massive destruction, as well as the deaths of 44 people. Qamishli is the town that the Kurds refer to as the capital of their self-declared autonomous enclave in northern Syria.
According to Amnesty International, the sanctity of human rights in Turkey is in jeopardy following the failed coup in July. The reaction of the Turkish authorities has been swift and brutal. They have unleashed a crackdown of exceptional proportions that has continued after a state of emergency was declared. Among other accusations, it is widely believed that captured military officers are being raped by police. In addition, hundreds of soldiers have been beaten and some detainees have been denied access to food, water and to lawyers for days.
As part of the government crackdown, the Turkish government has ordered the closure of 3 news agencies, 16 television channels, 23 radio stations, 45 daily newspapers, 15 magazines and 29 publishing houses, leaving thousands of people blacklisted and without employment. This decree also included an announcement that the gendarmerie and the coast guard would now fall under guidance of the Interior Ministry, and not the army.
Five Saudi border guards were killed in clashes along the Yemen border earlier this week and two Saudi pilots died when their Apache helicopter crashed inside Yemen on the same day, constituting one of the deadliest days for Saudi Arabia this year. According to Saudi Arabia’s Interior Ministry, the border guards were killed in an eight hour cross-border clash with militants from Yemen. While not identifying the attacker, the Interior Ministry said the clashes took place in Najran.
Qatar’s Emir has promised to pay the wages of thousands of public sector employees in Gaza in order to decrease financial strain on the region. They will spend approximately US$31.6 million to cover a month’s worth of salary. Israel has enforced a strict economic blockade on Gaza since 2006, after Hamas won general elections. The party lost control shortly thereafter.
The United Nations Humanitarian Coordinator for Yemen voiced alarm at increasing bloodshed in Taiz. The UN has called for a humanitarian truce in the Yemeni province after government forces captured a town from Houthi militia. The heavy fighting has spurred allegations of war crimes. A ceasefire accord between the Houthis and Hadi loyalists has repeatedly been violated since it took effect in April.
Iran and Iraq
Iran’s semi-official ISNA news agency has reported that the judiciary has confirmed the detention of an Iranian-American who was visiting family in Iran. The detention of Robin Shahini occurred in Gorgan amid growing concern regarding the increase in arrests being made of Iranians living abroad during their visits to the country. Iran does not recognize dual nationalities. In addition to Shahini’s arrest, other dual nationals have recently been arrested coming from the U.S., Britain, Canada and France. For example, in May Nazanin Zaghari-Ratcliffe, a British-Iranian dual national was arrested at airport check-in in Tehran while attempting to leave the country.
A suicide car bombing claimed by ISIL killed 16 people, including a group of women and children that were packed into a minibus outside an Iraqi town earlier this week. A police officer at the scene said most of the victims died inside their vehicles while waiting at a checkpoint to enter Khalis, approximately 50 miles north of Baghdad. The Iraqi Prime Minister Haider al-Abadi has come under renewed pressure to improve security since a suicide attack claimed by ISIL earlier this month killing 292 people in central Baghdad.
Political wrangling between Baghdad and Erbil is adversely impacting the military offensive to retake Mosul from ISIL. Tensions have been building recently between the government of Iraq and the autonomous Kurdistan Regional Government, particularly since the Iraqi central government excluded them from a meeting for the anti-ISIL coalition in Washington. Much of the tension is related to the Kurds stressing that they will not leave the areas in Ninevah, which have been liberated from ISIL.
Egypt plans to approach investment banks for a Eurobond sale. This is part of the government’s efforts to shore up reserves and finance an economic program that will predominantly rely on a $12 billion loan from the IMF. An IMF delegation is set to arrive in Cairo on July 30 for talks, which are scheduled to last two weeks. Egypt expects to receive at least $2 billion within two months of agreeing to a three-year $12 billion loan programme with the International Monetary Fund. Authorities hope to reach a preliminary accord with the Washington based lender at the end of the visit.
There is an agreement between organizations and parties in Tunisia regarding the need for change in the political sphere. Tunisia’s parliament is set to be ready to sack Prime Minister Habib Essid next week after the ruling coalition announced that it would not back him in a vote of confidence. Essid has been under pressure to quit after President Beji Caid Essebsi called last month for a new unity government that could push through economic reforms and calm social tensions.
Morocco has arrested 52 ISIL-inspired militants. Officials have stated that they have foiled several attacks in the country and have seized weapons and bomb-making materials. It is the largest group of individuals arrested in years in the North African kingdom. According to official statements, many members of the group were planning on creating an ISIL province in Morocco.
Algeria will be launching a new economic growth model for the next four years focused on reforming the tax system in order to bring in more revenue and to reduce dependence on energy exports. This new direction is part of a strategy to diversify the country’s economy away from oil and gas, which accounts for 95% of export revenues and 60% of the state budget. A sharp decline in global crude oil prices has had a detrimental impact on Algeria. It has pushed the government to cut spending for 2016 by 9% with a plan for further cuts in the coming years. Several infrastructure projects have already been suspended to ease the country’s financial pressures since oil prices started falling in 2014. | <urn:uuid:5ca1f7f9-b86f-426c-bae7-f75f5fa0b6b5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://jmepp.hkspublications.org/2016/08/01/weekly-roundup-aug-1-16/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.972073 | 1,493 | 1.578125 | 2 |
California’s North County Transit District (NCTD) announced that the California Energy Commission (CEC) has awarded the agency a $4 million grant to construct a hydrogen fueling station at its West Division BREEZE Facility in Oceanside.
Once constructed, this station will have the capacity to support up to 50 hydrogen fuel-cell electric buses, bringing the agency closer toward achieving its goal of transitioning its entire fleet to zero-emission buses by 2042.
“What’s more, this new technology and infrastructure will improve overall BREEZE operations by decreasing the time needed to refuel, expanding the service range, and increasing the fuel economy of our fleet,” said Tony Kranz, NCTD Board Chair and Encinitas Deputy Mayor.
The CEC grant advances NCTD’s transition from compressed natural gas (CNG) to zero-emissions bus operations by approximately four years, allowing the agency to rapidly scale up and leverage an initial purchase of 25 hydrogen-powered buses, set to be put into service by spring 2025. The hydrogen fueling station is expected to be complete by mid-2022.
Together, the new fueling station and buses are estimated to reduce bus service carbon dioxide output by 78,825 metric tons annually — roughly the same amount of emissions from 200 million miles driven by an average passenger car.
The entire project is funded by the CEC’s Clean Transportation Program, which invests more than $100 million annually to support innovation and accelerate the deployment of advanced transportation and fuel technologies. | <urn:uuid:c76f5b20-8283-483e-b23b-9bf4e56b4539> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.metro-magazine.com/10143734/calif-s-nctd-lands-4m-grant-for-hydrogen-fueling-station | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.949201 | 319 | 1.742188 | 2 |
The Playfair cipher was the first practical digraph substitution cipher. The scheme was invented in 1854 by Charles Wheatstone, but was named after Lord Playfair who promoted the use of the cipher. The technique encrypts pairs of letters (digraphs), instead of single letters as in the simple substitution cipher. The Playfair is significantly harder to break since the frequency analysis used for simple substitution ciphers does not work with it. Frequency analysis can still be undertaken, but on the 25*25=625 possible digraphs rather than the 25 possible monographs. Frequency analysis thus requires much more ciphertext in order to work. For a tutorial on breaking Playfair with a simulated annealing algorithm, see Cryptanalysis of the Playfair Cipher.
It was used for tactical purposes by British forces in the Second Boer War and in World War I and for the same purpose by the Australians during World War II. This was because Playfair is reasonably fast to use and requires no special equipment. A typical scenario for Playfair use would be to protect important but non-critical secrets during actual combat. By the time the enemy cryptanalysts could break the message the information was useless to them .
From Kahn's 'The CodeBreakers':
Perhaps the most famous cipher of 1943 involved the future president of the U.S., J. F. Kennedy, Jr. On 2 August 1943, Australian Coastwatcher Lieutenant Arthur Reginald Evans of the Royal Australian Naval Volunteer Reserve saw a pinpoint of flame on the dark waters of Blackett Strait from his jungle ridge on Kolombangara Island, one of the Solomons. He did not know that the Japanese destroyer Amagiri had rammed and sliced in half an American patrol boat PT-109, under the command of Lieutenant John F. Kennedy, United States Naval Reserve. Evans received the following message at 0930 on the morning of the 2 of August 1943:KXJEY UREBE ZWEHE WRYTU HEYFS KREHE GOYFI WTTTU OLKSY CAJPO BOTEI ZONTX BYBWT GONEY CUZWR GDSON SXBOU YWRHE BAAHY USEDQ
The translation:PT BOAT ONE OWE NINE LOST IN ACTION IN BLACKETT STRAIT TWO MILES SW MERESU COVE X CREW OF TWELVE X REQUEST ANY INFORMATION.
The coastwatchers regularly used the Playfair system. Evans deciphered it with the key ROYAL NEW ZEALAND NAVY [note that this is key square ROYALNEWZDVBCFGHIKMPQSTUX] and learned of Kennedy's fate. [...] About ten hours later, at 10:00 p.m. Kennedy and his crew was rescued.
Note the ciphertext above has some errors in it, see this comment for a more correct version.
The Algorithm §
The 'key' for a playfair cipher is generally a word, for the sake of example we will choose 'monarchy'. This is then used to generate a 'key square', e.g.
m o n a r c h y b d e f g i k l p q s t u v w x z
Any sequence of 25 letters can be used as a key, so long as all letters are in it and there are no repeats. Note that there is no 'j', it is combined with 'i'. We now apply the encryption rules to encrypt the plaintext.
- Remove any punctuation or characters that are not present in the key square (this may mean spelling out numbers, punctuation etc.).
- Identify any double letters in the plaintext and replace the second occurence with an 'x' e.g. 'hammer' -> 'hamxer'.
- If the plaintext has an odd number of characters, append an 'x' to the end to make it even.
- Break the plaintext into pairs of letters, e.g. 'hamxer' -> 'ha mx er'
- The algorithm now works on each of the letter pairs.
- Locate the letters in the key square, (the examples given are using the key square above)
- If the letters are in different rows and columns, replace the pair with the letters on the same row respectively but at the other pair of corners of the rectangle defined by the original pair. The order is important – the first encrypted letter of the pair is the one that lies on the same row as the first plaintext letter. 'ha' -> 'bo', 'es' -> 'il'
- If the letters appear on the same row of the table, replace them with the letters to their immediate right respectively (wrapping around to the left side of the row if a letter in the original pair was on the right side of the row). 'ma' -> 'or', 'lp' -> 'pq'
- If the letters appear on the same column of the table, replace them with the letters immediately below respectively (wrapping around to the top side of the column if a letter in the original pair was on the bottom side of the column). 'rk' -> 'dt', 'pv' -> 'vo'
Clarification with pictures - Assume one wants to encrypt the digraph OR. There are three general cases:
m * * a * * * * * * * * * * * l * * s * * * * * *Hence, al -> ms
* * * * * * h y b d * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *Hence, hb -> yd
* * n * * * * y * * * * * * * * * q * * * * w * *Hence, nq -> yw
An example encryption, "we are discovered, save yourself" using the key square shown at the beginning of this section:
plaintext: wearediscoveredsaveyourselfx ciphertext: ugrmkcsxhmufmkbtoxgcmvatluiv
Other Implementations §
To encipher your own messages in python, you can use the pycipher module. To install it, use pip install pycipher. To encipher messages with the Playfair cipher (or another cipher, see here for documentation):
>>>from pycipher import Playfair >>>Playfair('zgptfoihmuwdrcnykeqaxvsbl').encipher('defend the east wall of the castle') 'RKPAWRPMYSELZCLFXUZFRSNQBPSA' >>>Playfair('zgptfoihmuwdrcnykeqaxvsbl').decipher('RKPAWRPMYSELZCLFXUZFRSNQBPSA') 'DEFENDTHEXASTWALLOFTHECASTLE'
For a tutorial on breaking Playfair with a simulated annealing algorithm, see Cryptanalysis of the Playfair Cipher.
Obtaining the key is relatively straightforward if both plaintext and ciphertext are known, however we want to find the key without knowing the plaintext. Guessing some of the words using knowledge of where the message came from, when it came from, etc. can be a huge help in reconstructing the key square. It should be recognized that guessing some of the plaintext and using that to reconstruct the keysquare is by far the easiest way to crack this cipher.
Cryptanalysis of the playfair cipher is much more difficult than normal simple substitution ciphers, because digraphs (pairs of letters) are being substituted instead of monographs (single letters). If we use frequency analysis of english digraphs, we can use this information in the same way as we used the monograph frequencies, however, there are ~600 digraphs and only 26 monographs. We need far more ciphertext for the digraphic system to make reliable key choices compared to the monographic system.
When cryptanalysing by hand, the following trick can be used. A Playfair digraph and its reverse (e.g. AB and BA) will decrypt to the same letter pattern in the plaintext (e.g. RE and ER). In English, there are many words which contain these reversed digraphs such as REceivER and DEpartED. Identifying nearby reversed digraphs in the ciphertext and matching the pattern to a list of known plaintext words containing the pattern is an easy way to generate possible plaintext strings with which to begin constructing the key. A good tutorial on reconstructing the key for a Playfair cipher can be found in chapter 7, "Solution to Polygraphic Substitution Systems," of Field Manual 34-40-2, produced by the United States Army.
When trying to decide which algorithm was used to encrypt some ciphertext, it is useful to know that Playfair will never contain a double-letter digraph, e.g. EE. If there are no double letter digraphs in the ciphertext and the length of the message is long enough to make this statistically significant, it is very likely that the method of encryption is Playfair. Other things that will be true about the ciphertext message:
- The cipher message contains an even number of letters.
- A frequency count will show no more than 25 letters (with no letter J).
- If long repeats occur, they will be separated by an even number of characters. Repeated sequences will usually be an even number of characters.
When Solving by computer, an easy way of finding a key is to start with a random square of letters. Minor changes are then introduced (i.e. swapping letters in the key) to see if the candidate plaintext is more like standard plaintext than before the change (e.g. using markov models, or trigram frequency counts). If the new square is deemed to be an improvement (plaintext has higher likelyhood), then it is adopted and then further mutated to find an even better candidate. Eventually, the plaintext or something very close to it is found by chosing the key that provides a plaintext with the highest likelyhood.
- Wikipedia has a good description of the encryption/decryption process, history and cryptanalysis of this algorithm
- Basic Cryptanalysis, FM 34-40-2, FIELD MANUAL, DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY http://www.umich.edu/~umich/fm-34-40-2/
- A fairly decent look at some of the history of playfair, along with good cryptanalysis tips:
Lecture 3 "Cryptanalysis of the Classical Ciphers", by Dr. Alex Biryukov.
- Simon Singh's 'The Code Book' is an excellent introduction to ciphers and codes, and includes a section on playfair ciphers.
Singh, Simon (2000). The Code Book: The Science of Secrecy from Ancient Egypt to Quantum Cryptography. ISBN 0-385-49532-3.
We recommend these books if you're interested in finding out more. | <urn:uuid:9fa2deee-3a3a-4329-a805-52f4b1e88465> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://practicalcryptography.com/ciphers/classical-era/playfair/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.872759 | 2,397 | 3.375 | 3 |
Casual leisure is an immediately, intrinsically rewarding, relatively short-lived, pleasurable core activity, requiring little or no special training to enjoy it. It is fundamentally hedonic, pursued for its significant level of pure enjoyment, or pleasure. The termed was coined by Robert A. Stebbins (1982) in a conceptual statement about serious leisure, which depicted its casual counterpart as all activity not classifiable as serious. As a scientific concept casual leisure languished in this residual status, until Rojek (1997) and Stebbins (1997; 2001) belatedly recognized its centrality in leisure studies. Stebbins sought to elaborate the idea as a sensitizing concept for exploratory research, as he had earlier for the idea of serious leisure.
Types of casual leisure
Casual leisure, compared with serious leisure, is considerably less substantial and offers no leisure career. These two qualities are evident in the eight types of casual leisure so far discovered:
• Play (including dabbling, dilettantism)
• Relaxation (e.g., sitting, napping, strolling)
• Passive entertainment (e.g., through TV, books, recorded music)
• Active entertainment (e.g., games of chance, party games)
• Sociable conversation (e.g. gossip, “idle chatter”)
• Sensory stimulation (e.g., sex, eating, drinking, sightseeing)
• Casual volunteering (e.g., handing out leaflets, stuffing envelopes)
• Pleasurable aerobic activity
These types, primarily because they are so familiar, need no further explanation, with the exception of the last one. Pleasurable aerobic activity, the most recent addition to this list of types (Stebbins, 2004), refers to physical activities that require effort sufficient to cause marked increase in respiration and heart rate. “Aerobic activity” refers in the broad sense to all activity that calls for such effort, which to be sure, includes the routines pursued collectively in (narrowly conceived of) aerobics classes and those pursued individually by way of televised or video-taped programs of aerobics. Yet, as with its passive and active cousins in entertainment, pleasurable aerobic activity is, at bottom, casual leisure. That is, to do such activity requires little more than minimal skill, knowledge, or experience. Examples include such children’s games as tag and hide-and-seek and adult fitness activities made enjoyable by riding an exercise bike or running on a treadmill while inspired to greater effort by Wii Fit or Sony’s PlayStation 2. It is likely that people pursue the eight types of casual leisure in combinations of two and three at least as often as they pursue them separately. For instance, every type can be relaxing, producing in this fashion play-relaxation, passive entertainment-relaxation, and so on. Various combinations of play and sensory stimulation are also possible, as in experimenting with drug use, sexual activity, and thrill seeking in movement.
Benefits and costs of casual leisure
Given the penchant, observed particularly in health-promotion circles, to malign casual leisure as too sedentary and mindless, it is important to note its benefits and thereby give a more balanced account of its value as a main form of leisure. These include serendipitous creativity and discovery in play; regeneration from earlier intense work or leisure activity; and development and maintenance of interpersonal relationships (Kleiber, 2000; Hutchinson & Kleiber, 2005; Stebbins 2001). Well-being is still another benefit that can flow from engaging in casual leisure. Possibly the greatest sense of well-being we may experience comes when we develop an optimal leisure lifestyle. Such a lifestyle is “the deeply satisfying pursuit during free time of one or more substantial, absorbing forms of serious leisure, complemented by a judicious amount of casual leisure” (Stebbins, 2000). Here casual leisure plays a crucial role in helping preserve balance in daily living. Some of the costs of casual leisure spring from its excessive pursuit, a well known example of which being people who spend all or nearly all of their non-work time watching entertainment television. A related cost is the boredom people experience when they have large blocks of free time but only uninteresting casual leisure to do in those periods. Another cost becomes evident for those who pursue casual leisure so exclusively that they lack of time for fulfilling serious leisure activities. A further cost is that casual leisure is, by its very nature, incapable of generating a distinctive leisure identity.
Casual leisure research
There is a mountain of research on casual leisure, in general, and on seven of its eight types, in particular (pleasurable aerobic activity has never been empirically examined). Yet very little of this research has been oriented by the serious leisure perspective (see Citizendium article), of which casual leisure is a central part. Kerr, Fujiyama, and Campano’s (2002) comparative study of serious and hedonic leisure sport activities were the first to intentionally study free time activity from this Perspective. According to the Perspective’s website (see its URL below in Resources), 14 more studies have been conducted since (calculated to March 2009). This shows an admirable rate of interest from the point in time – 2001 – when the conceptual nature of casual leisure had been clarified sufficiently to stimulate empirical work on it. The work that has been done tells us that this form of leisure has a distinctive role to play in our free time, and that this role should never be lost sight of as we consider the other two forms (serious leisure, project-based leisure).
Hutchinson, S.L., & Kleiber, D.A. (2005). Gifts of the ordinary: Casual leisure’s contributions to health and well-being. World Leisure Journal, 47(3), 2-16.
Kerr, J.H., Fujiyama, H., & Campano, J. (2002). Emotion and stress in serious and hedonistic leisure sport activities. Journal of Leisure Research, 34, 272-289.
Kleiber, D.A. (2000). The neglect of relaxation. Journal of Leisure Research, 32, 82-86.
Rojek, C. (1997). Leisure theory: Retrospect and prospect. Loisir et Société/Society and Leisure, 20, 383-400.
Stebbins, R.A. (1982). Serious leisure: A conceptual statement. Pacific Sociological Review, 25, 251-272.
Stebbins, R.A. (1997). Casual leisure: A conceptual statement. Leisure Studies, 16, 17-25.
Stebbins , R. A. (2000). Optimal leisure lifestyle: Combining serious and casual leisure for personal well-being. In M. C. Cabeza (Ed.), Leisure and human development: Proposals for the 6th World Leisure Congress. (pp. 101-107). Bilbao, Spain: University of Deusto.
Stebbins, R.A. (2001). The costs and benefits of hedonism: Some consequences of taking casual leisure seriously. Leisure Studies, 20, 305-309.
Stebbins, R.A. (2004). Pleasurable aerobic activity: A type of casual leisure with salubrious implications. World Leisure Journal, 46(4), 55-58.
The Serious Leisure Perspective -- http://www.soci.ucalgary.ca/seriousleisure | <urn:uuid:bf1de6de-ae6d-4807-b8a5-16f5dc9ba596> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://ec.citizendium.org/wiki/index.php?title=Casual_Leisure&oldid=600674 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.924328 | 1,578 | 2.734375 | 3 |
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Delicious Quinoa Recipes To Try For Your Breakfast
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High Fodmap Flours
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Green Banana Flour
I want to in an attempt taking part in tahini and not ball since an evaluation. Presented thoroughly and commence plus an important loco abundant essence. Perfectly for me personally, clearly, my spouse and i didn’thousand mouthful the most important formula. Document haven’meters analyzed this blog from vegan ovum but move it if you do! My own ring showed up at the same time old without far banana essence. That is definitely an example of your go-if you desire to gluten complimentary bananas loaf of bread.
Best Chickpea Flour Recipes
The following are some greatest can get you which you can use to be a coco palm flour solution. Cell phone surfaces are made of towel, together with the starch by crops will be integrated inside the cellular walls. When you take in absolute diet , the body prospects lengthy if you desire to stop working some sort of starch that has been in the skin cells. Abrasion the cells in flour, but, is what makes starch higher open up and much more quickly soaked up. As they are defragmanted people gone shortly. | <urn:uuid:29226069-e999-4fb5-8e8e-a31a078cf3e1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://filafilarc.ir/3-ways-if-you-need-to-stand-in-spelt-flour-on-most%E2%80%90stage-flour/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.936228 | 1,290 | 1.539063 | 2 |
Scotland’s digital technologies body focuses on eLearning
Commissioned from, and written by, Wendy Edie, Managing Director of Scotland’s leading digital learning and assessment developer, eCom Scotland, the White Paper advocates deploying technology-delivered learning to bring sustainability and help drive government and corporate agendas regarding upskilling, re-skilling and performance support. It argues that, while not every organisation may be ready and eager to apply such technologies as automation and artificial intelligence to its learning and development activities, every organisation needs to consider how digital learning technology can support its teams to deliver continually improving performance.
Drawn from sectors including telecoms, software, IT services, infrastructure specialisms and digital media companies, as well as universities, the public sector, financial services, energy industries and specialist providers, ScotlandIS members employ some 60,000 people. They also generate some £4.7bn of the digital technologies sector’s total of £7.5bn gross value added (GVA) to Scotland’s economy.
Moreover, Scotland’s digital technologies sector contributes at least £3.3bn a year to Scotland’s exports and is currently growing at a rate of one-and-a-half times that of the Scottish economy.
“Educators – both in the academic sector and in-house corporate learning and development specialists - are finding it hard to keep up with the latest trends in the emerging edtech sector, particularly since these trends have been heavily influenced by the coronavirus pandemic,” commented Wendy Edie. “Current digital education trends such as augmented reality and virtual reality (AR/VR), along with gamification, grab learners’ interest but, for educators, it can seem daunting to embrace these new learning realities within the constraints of a realistic budget.
“Now we’re in the pandemic’s recovery phase, we have an opportunity to take a strategic approach to education facilitated by technology – and the key word is ‘facilitated’,” added Wendy. “Any technology intervention must make things easier for the learner and the educator, while maintaining or improving learning’s effectiveness.”
Discussing the need for interaction in learning – acknowledging that the pandemic put paid to face-to-face training and encouraged the use of video conferencing platforms – Wendy’s White Paper explains how technology can improve accessibility to learning materials for people of all abilities. The White Paper adds that developing and delivering learning materials via technology can bring efficiencies and cost savings – citing that, typically, the creation and administration of traditional paper-based examinations now costs 40% more than doing the same thing via online delivery.
“Using technologies to facilitate skilled teachers spending less time on administration and repetitive tasks, will enable them to dedicate more of their energies to delivering thoughtful, curated and effective teaching,” said Wendy. “Moreover, these technologies will support workers’ performance in their job; reward them with objectively assessed and instantly accessed competency qualifications, and help the organisations for which they work to meet their goals.” | <urn:uuid:f12499a4-d69a-477d-b725-c38394db283e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.fifechamber.co.uk/news/scotlands-digital-technologies-body-focuses-elearning | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.938496 | 641 | 2.15625 | 2 |
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This past week, the credit ratings agency Fitch struck again, this time at Italy and its troubled sovereign credit rating. Fitch lowered the credit rating on Italian debt from its prior rating of BBB to BBB-. This represented a single level over the dreaded junk rating. It reflects the agency's growing doubts surrounding the credit worthiness of the great G7 country of Italy. This is just another proof that the dramatic rebound from the U.S. financial markets is both overdone and misplaced given the current ongoing crises in the world that promises to have long lasting and negative consequences for years to come.
Fitch Blames Italy's Latest Financial Troubles on the Coronavirus
It is no great surprise that Fitch points the finger of blame for Italy's latest downgrade squarely at the effects brought on by the terrible coronavirus in the country. According to Fitch, the downgrade takes into account:
“The significant impact of the global COVID-19 pandemic on Italy's economy and the sovereign's fiscal position.”
Italy's economy was already fragile, but now things are increasingly looking dire and desperate for the eighth largest economy on earth. Fitch opined that it doubts Italy's ability to recover from the severe economic and societal harm that the coronavirus has inflicted on the country. If there was any silver lining, it was that they affirmed their credit ratings outlook as “stable” for now.
Italian Economy Predicted to Shrink by Eight Percent for 2020
Fitch's report on Italy's deteriorating financial position made for grim reading. They predicted that the Italian economy will shrink by a sobering eight percent for the full year 2020. Fitch warned that their baseline case risks lie to further downside. The company is assuming that Italy will contain the virus during the critical H2 period of this year and enjoy a comparatively significant economic comeback for 2021. Whether this will be the case or not is anybody's guess at this point. Fitch further warned that:
“In the event of a second wave of infections and the widespread resumption of lockdown measures, economic outturns would be weaker for 2020 and 2021.”
Fitch also warned investors that the closely watched Italian debt to GDP ratio will rise dangerously by another 20 percentage points in 2020 to reach a sobering 156% of its entire annual GDP by the year's end. Italy is already the third most indebted country on the globe (following Japan and Greece). Fitch's baseline scenario for Italian debt dynamics state that this debt to GDP level:
“Will only stabilize at this very high level over the medium term, underlining debt sustainability risks.”
The downgrade and review is more alarming still for Italy as there was not an officially scheduled review for Italian debt until July. Fitch stated that they moved early because of the:
“Situations where there is a material change in the creditworthiness of the issuer… we believe makes it inappropriate for us to wait until the next scheduled review date.”
The news is not good for Italy. The economy already stood in a precarious position before the coronavirus smashed into the nation back in February. It quickly became the epicenter for the entire European outbreak of the virus. For 2019, real GDP growth only amounted to a paltry .3 percent, according to Fitch's own analysis. They warned that the Italian economy had already entered stagnation during the last two years.
If there is any good news from the devastating cut to Italian sovereign credit rating, it is that Fitch feels the country deserves the stable outlook because of their base case that the European Central Bank's ongoing net asset buys will enable Italy to marshall a significant fiscal response to the pandemic to reduce risks of refinancing through maintaining lower borrowing costs for the short term at least. Yet they hedged even this somewhat positive assessment, with:
“Nevertheless, downward pressure on the rating could resume if the government does not implement a credible economic growth and fiscal strategy that enhances confidence that general government debt/GDP will be placed on a downward path over time.”
This chart below shows how dramatically Italy's debt to GDP ratio has risen over the last decade:
Italian Lockdown Continues With Devastating Consequences for Economy
Unfortunately, Italy's precarious financial situation has only been made far worse by the largest death toll in Europe from the coronavirus. John Hopkins University showed Italy had more than 28,000 deaths as of today. In economic desperation, Italy has begun to lift the total lockdown of the nation by allowing smaller stores to reopen (such as bookshops and stationers). The primary travel restrictions and quarantine measures remain in effect through May 3rd.
This past Sunday, the Prime Minister Giuseppe Conte announced the so-called Phase Two steps for unwinding the lockdown. He claimed that as of May 4th, factories, companies, and parks will be permitted to open back up so long as Italians maintain effective social distancing in these locales. Restaurants and bars will be permitted to offer take out services then too. Come May 18th, museums will be permitted to reopen their doors. Schools will not be back in session until September for the fall semester.
Millions of Italian Jobs May Never Return
The ensuing massive upheaval in the Italian economy is very serious. This is the third biggest economy among the European Union 27 member states. Sadly, the crisis is the result of a manmade solution to the coronavirus pandemic that is now showing just how serious the situation is for millions of people who are in severe financial crisis because they were forced to cease working by the government lockdown in an effort to save lives. The cure that governments have elected is so much worse than the disease would have possibly been. Britain's Financial Times forecasts a fourth recession in only a decade for Italy as a result of the decision to shut down the entire Italian economy.
Italy has a demographic ticking time bomb that is also exacerbating the terrible situation. The country of 60 million has the second oldest population of any nation in the world (only Japan's is older) based on the percentage of its population that exceeds 65 years of age. Its national birthrate is also negative, compounding the problem. Now millions of Italians can not earn a wage with all non-essential economic production halted.
To give you an idea of how serious the national disaster is today, over 178,000 Italian firms were forced to let go over three million employees because of the prolonged national shutdown. That is three million individuals who had to queue for the casa integrazione (state unemployment assistance), but unfortunately it is only limited in effective duration.
The real question is how many of these Italian businesses will ever reopen following the viral emergency response. The country once had among the biggest of tourism industries in Europe and the world. Many Italians depend on this national activity to live as it comprises roughly six percent of the national gross domestic product. It means that literally hundreds of thousands of Italians and emigrants living in Naples, Venice, Florence, and Rome primarily (along with certain seaside resorts) depend on this tourism to live. Another 1.7 million workers were in the hospitality and accommodation industries which have ground to a screeching halt. The fact that tourism has come to a standstill for at least the remainder of this year (with the peak summer tourism season completely wiped out) means disaster for countless business enterprises.
Three Million Italian Business Owners Are On the Ropes Now
All told, a full three million self employed Italians are experiencing terrible financial trouble now. The government has offered them a 600 euros ($650) per month benefit for three months as part of their 25 billion euro rescue deal to try to keep them from starving. The biggest problem is that business owners are having a terrible time getting access to this money. The Istituto Nazionale Previdenza Sociale national welfare system website crashed because of the huge demand it experienced on the initial day of applications for the monthly support. Literally 100 requests per second on average came through to total 400,000 applications for the one day.
The stark and scary plight of Italy is all too familiar to most of the developed world economies nowadays. Italy at least has a major resource on its books that it can fall back on — its massive gold holdings at the central bank. Others are not so fortunate (Britain sold nearly all of its once-considerable gold reserves under the term of Prime Minister Gordon Brown for about 1/6 of the current gold prices).
This all helps to explain why gold makes sense in an IRA. Now is an ideal time to consider the possibility of acquiring some IRA-approved gold. It is wise to read all about a Gold IRA rollover and the top Gold IRA companies before you make any decisions. | <urn:uuid:ba1a82c4-4c83-4bb2-9de6-e8ffa72585c6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://goldiraguide.org/italian-sovereign-credit-rating-suffers-downgrade-to-one-level-over-junk-status/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.960771 | 1,818 | 1.617188 | 2 |
“Eddy and Espinosa-Aguilar offer a perspective to a conversation that will undoubtedly continue in the years to come. In ten years, when scholars trace the history of composition studies, Writing Across Cultures will stand out for representing the values of the Social Justice Era of Composition: radical inclusivity, adaptability, and strong praxis.”
—Literacy in Composition Studies
“Applying these concepts to instructor education curriculum could be beneficial for early writing professionals as they learn to think about culture more in their classroom.”
Writing Across Cultures invites both new and experienced teachers to examine the ways in which their training has—or has not—prepared them for dealing with issues of race, power, and authority in their writing classrooms. The text is packed with more than twenty activities that enable students to examine issues such as white privilege, common dialects, and the normalization of racism in a society where democracy is increasingly under attack. This book provides an innovative framework that helps teachers create safe spaces for students to write and critically engage in hard discussions.
Robert Eddy and Amanda Espinosa-Aguilar offer a new framework for teaching that acknowledges the changing demographics of US college classrooms as the field of writing studies moves toward real equity and expanding diversity. Writing Across Cultures utilizes a streamlined cross-racial and interculturally tested method of introducing students to academic writing via sequenced assignments that are not confined by traditional and static approaches. They focus on helping students become engaged members of a new culture—namely, the rapidly changing collegiate discourse community. The book is based on a multi-racial rhetoric that assumes that writing is inherently a social activity. Students benefit most from seeing composing as an act of engaged communication, and this text uses student samples, not professionally authored ones, to demonstrate this framework in action.
Writing Across Cultures will be a significant contribution to the field, aiding teachers, students, and administrators in navigating the real challenges and wonderful opportunities of multi-racial learning spaces. | <urn:uuid:3340b65a-064b-4938-9365-0ba7d37f8f87> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.upcolorado.com/utah-state-university-press/item/3675-writing-across-cultures | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.942537 | 419 | 2.640625 | 3 |
Touchless technology, voice automation and app-controlled appliances are bringing kitchens into the digital age…
Douglas Gilman put a new designer kitchen in his Manhattan apartment last year with entertaining in mind. He placed the sleek marble-accented Dada kitchen, from Italy’s Molteni&C, at the center of the airy 2,800-square-foot home that he created from combining two adjacent units in a former West Village printing house. He figured it would give him easier access to his guests.
But the arrival of Covid-19 restrictions has meant much more cooking, and next to no entertaining, and it’s his high-tech German appliances that have come to the rescue, including an induction cooktop that can sense where he places a pan, and a speed oven that combines convection and microwave technology.
“My ovens are almost more advanced than my computer,” says the 39-year-old financial-services professional of his $30,000 set of appliances from Gaggenau, Miele, and the U.S. brand Sub-Zero.
Eating may still be analog, but kitchens have taken up residence in the digital age, as designers and appliance makers increasingly rely on a host of technological innovations to update the traditional tasks of cooking, storing and cleaning up. Kitchen-appliance categories haven’t changed much since the 1970s, when microwave ovens began appearing on ordinary countertops. But cameras, sensors, artificial intelligence and newfangled materials are now turning those appliances into ultrasophisticated hardware, while smart functions and connectivity are recasting the Cloud as the latest kitchen accessory.
Buyers of Miele’s new G7000 series dishwashers never have to worry about running out of detergent. When the machine runs low, a sensor prompts their smartphones to reorder the brand’s trademark detergent disk from the company’s online shop.
Check out the full Wall Street Journal article, click here! | <urn:uuid:d451e8bd-b91c-45b8-bf6a-eaafd14ebd99> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://joycerey.com/the-future-of-kitchen-design-is-hands-free-and-smartphone-activated/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.948412 | 417 | 1.734375 | 2 |
Text & Illustrations: Tomasz Samojlik
23 pages or 7 m accordion book
24 x 25 cm
Rights sold: Belarusian, Chinese simplified
The book tells the story of a nonexistent animal (Pikotek), who dreams to be discovered.
He travels through the forest, meets a lot of animals, and asks each one if they ever met anyone like him. Every animal he meets can see something different in him, but something already known: a bear, a bat, or even a flower. At the same time, in the background, the life of the forest continues, shown in twelve other stories (connected to other animals, for example, a fox, a lynx, a bear, wild boar, or hare) which can be followed independently. It is something in-between a silent book and a cartoon. All of the communication is carried out in the form of pictograms hence the book is understandable for younger children, while an older reader will easier relate to the book’s humour.
In terms of graphic design, Pikotek has a form of seven meters long Leporello (accordion book), which is just one picture. The book consists of twelve spreads connected to the front cover, where everything starts. You can read it like a typical book, page after page, but if you have enough space you can also stretch it on the floor and follow the adventures of Pikotek and other characters on your hands and knees. | <urn:uuid:d0bbd319-e84b-4758-9bfd-c652dcedb84b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://ka-books.com/2019/01/16/pikotek-pikotek-wants-to-be-discovered/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.913899 | 321 | 1.867188 | 2 |
Who was the first leader of the Conservative Party?
Who is the head of the Conservative Party in Canada?
21 October — The 2019 Canadian federal election was held. The Conservatives remained in opposition against a minority Liberal government. Under CPC rules, a loss in an election triggers an automatic leadership review. 22 October — CPC Leader Andrew Scheer announced he will continue as leader.
How many political parties are there in the UK?
As of 2 August 2019, the Electoral Commission showed the number of registered political parties in Great Britain and Northern Ireland as 408.
How is the Conservative Party funded?
The Conservative Party relies on donations mostly from individuals and companies; as well as these sources the Labour Party receives a significant portion of its donations from trade unions. The Conservative Party received £5,269,186, the Labour party received £3,045,377 and the Liberal Democrats received £816,663.
How many members does the Liberal Party of Canada have?
Liberal Party of Canada
|Liberal Party of Canada Parti libéral du Canada|
|Seats in the Senate||0 / 105|
|Seats in the House of Commons||154 / 338|
Who is the current chairman of the Conservative Party?
The Conservative Party is currently co-chaired by Amanda Milling, who was appointed on 13 February 2020, and Ben Elliot, who has been Co-Chairman since July 2019. Lee Rowley MP is Deputy Chairman.
Is NDP left or right?
The New Democratic Party (NDP; French: Nouveau Parti démocratique, NPD) is a social democratic federal political party in Canada. On the political spectrum, the party sits to the left of the Liberal Party.
Why are conservatives called Tories?
As a political term, Tory was an insult (derived from the Middle Irish word tóraidhe, modern Irish tóraí, meaning “outlaw”, “robber”, from the Irish word tóir, meaning “pursuit” since outlaws were “pursued men”) that entered English politics during the Exclusion Bill crisis of 1678–1681.
Is Tory the same as conservative?
Tory has become shorthand for a member of the Conservative Party or for the party in general in Canada and the UK. It is also used to refer to the Conservative Party’s predecessor parties, including the Progressive Conservative Party of Canada.
What does Liberal Party believe in?
Liberals espouse a wide array of views depending on their understanding of these principles, but they generally support free markets, free trade, limited government, individual rights (including civil rights and human rights), capitalism, democracy, secularism, gender equality, racial equality, internationalism.
What are conservatives main beliefs?
Conservatism in the United States is a political and social philosophy which characteristically shows respect for American traditions, republicanism, and limited government. It typically supports Judeo-Christian values, moral universalism, American exceptionalism, and individualism.
What did Tony Blair achieve?
During his first term as Prime Minister, Blair raised taxes; introduced a National Minimum Wage and some new employment rights; introduced significant constitutional reforms; promoted new rights for gay people in the Civil Partnership Act 2004; and signed treaties integrating the UK more closely with the EU.
How many seats does the Conservative Party have in Parliament?
Template:UK House of Commons composition
When did Erin O’Toole become leader?
|The Honourable Erin O’Toole PC CD MP|
|In office August 31, 2017 – January 31, 2020|
|Shadowing||Chrystia Freeland François-Philippe Champagne|
|Preceded by||Peter Kent|
Who runs the Conservative Party?
Incumbent. Boris Johnson The Leader of the Conservative and Unionist Party in the United Kingdom is the elected head and most senior politician of the governing body of the Conservative Party. To date, two of the party’s leaders have been women: Margaret Thatcher and Theresa May.
Where does Erin O’Toole come from?
How old is otoole?
48 years (January 22, 1973)
How many years have the Conservatives been in power?
The Conservatives have been in government since 2010 and as of 2019, hold an overall majority in the House of Commons with 365 Members of Parliament.
How much can you donate to a political party?
Contribution limits for 2021-2022 federal elections
|Donor||Individual||$2,900* per election|
|Candidate committee||$2,000 per election|
|PAC: multicandidate||$5,000 per election|
What do UK Conservatives believe?
The party has generally had liberal economic policies. that favours free market economics, and deregulation, privatisation, and marketisation. The party is British unionist, opposing Irish reunification, Scottish and Welsh independence, and is generally critical of devolution.
How much money can you donate to a political party?
a Legislative Council candidate who is a member of a party can make a political donation to the party of up to $51,100.
What are the new conservatives policies?
New Conservative is a political party in New Zealand. Observers describe the party’s policies as far-right, though the party itself disputes this. It advocates for lower taxation, anti-abortion measures, protection of freedom of speech, prison labour, gun rights and austerity cuts.
Does the Conservative Party have a deputy leader?
Distinct from being “second-in-command”, there is formally no current position of deputy party leader in the party’s hierarchy. The term has sometimes been mistakenly used to refer to the party’s deputy chair.
Is the Conservative Party of Canada right-wing?
Conservatism in Canada is generally considered to be primarily represented by the modern-day Conservative Party of Canada in federal party politics, and by various centre-right and right-wing parties at the provincial level. | <urn:uuid:7da3424d-5969-4069-a38e-d529e52035f4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://thisisbeep.com/who-was-the-first-leader-of-the-conservative-party/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.943217 | 1,346 | 2.4375 | 2 |
"Ordinary language is totally unsuited for expressing what physics really asserts, since
the words of everyday life are not sufficiently abstract. Only mathematics and
mathematical logic can say as little as the physicist means to say."-
The Scientific Outlook, 1931.
"If I have seen farther than others, it is because I was standing
on the shoulders of giants."-Sir Isaac Newton
"Give me where to
stand, and I will move the earth."-Archimedes
Astrophysics Data System -- approximately 300,000 free full-text
The NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) is a NASA-funded project that provides
free access to the full text of articles in astronomy and astrophysics. Most of
the major astronomical journals are included.
arXiv.org -- is a fully
automated electronic archive and distribution server for research papers.
Covered areas include physics and related disciplines, mathematics, nonlinear
sciences, computational linguistics, and neuroscience. Both preprints and
published papers are available.
Physics and Astronomy
& Astronomy (Springer)
Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
-- NASA-funded project whose main resource is an
which includes four sets of abstracts: 1) astronomy and astrophysics, 2)
instrumentation, 3) physics and geophysics, 4) Los Alamos preprint server. Each
dataset can be searched by author, object name (astronomy only), title, or
abstract text words. In addition, links to the full text of articles appearing
in most of the major astronomical journals.
- Accel-OneD Solver --
browser-interactive resource for solving low and high speed constant
acceleration problems at
U. Of Missouri Columbia
- Center for History of
American Institute of Physics
- Century of
Physics -- The American Physical Society
Fowler's Physics Applets -- Basic concepts of Physics.
Physics & Math with Java
and Physics Help Page, The
NIST Physical Reference Data -- Includes physical constants, atomic
spectroscopic data, molecular spectroscopic data, ionization data, x-ray &
gamma-ray data, radiation dosimetry data, nuclear physics data and condensed
matter physics data.
Virtual Physics Laboratory by Fu-Kwun Hwang -- Java Applets about mechanics, dynamics, waves, thermodynamics,
electromagnetics and light/optics.
- Physics 2000 - an
journey through modern physics
Physlets -- Physics Applets, are small flexible Java
applets designed for science education.
- Resources of the
Bohr Library -- Materials relating to the history of modern physics
and allied sciences. Includes books, journals, archives, manuscripts, a
catalogue of sources, photographs and oral history interviews.
Why is the Sky Dark
at night (Applet guide to Physics problems)
There is no place like | <urn:uuid:f9e3becd-e93c-4111-a5fe-9b3000a00219> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.personal.kent.edu/~rmuhamma/Astro-Physics/astro-physics.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.779395 | 710 | 2.421875 | 2 |
Remember when you couldn’t go on the Internet without seeing a friend or celebrity getting doused with a bucket of cold water? That was actually five years ago … when the ALS Association’s wildly successful “Ice Bucket Challenge” went viral and brought in a sudden $115 million to the fight against amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), better known as Lou Gehrig’s disease.
In a recent story for The Chronical of Philanthropy, writer Emily Haynes outlines how the ALS Association is using the fifth anniversary of that success to report back on what it has accomplished with the Ice Bucket money. Her story, “Cold Cash: What to Do When Unexpected Money Pours In,” is a case study on how to convey the impact of giving dollars.
The ALS Association is marking the anniversary with a new fundraising campaign and a commitment to tell the story about how the money was used.
And the organization has a good story, Haynes writes. “It has spent $80 million to fund research breakthroughs that are likely to prolong lives of those afflicted with the ailment, and it has improved treatment for many patients.”
But can the organization sustain that research spending? That question is less clear given that less than 1 percent of first-time givers during the challenge has donated again.
While the ALS Association “has not done well with repeat donors” in the five years since the challenge, it has tried hard to understand what supporters want. The organization recently surveyed its current and lapsed donors about their giving motivations, asking how they’d like the association to use their donations as well as how they’d like it to communicate with them.
“What they wanted,” says Tina Zeff, the association’s executive vice president for development, “was to understand and achieve the greatest impact: treatments and a cure.”
The ALS Association does not expect to repeat the magic of the Ice Bucket Challenge.
“To plan on that is not, in my estimation, what our community deserves,” Zeff says in the story. “They deserve for us to be around serving our mission for years to come, until we work ourselves out of a job, and treatments and cures are found.” | <urn:uuid:6f03c8b0-2cd9-4132-ad9d-f718e5dee27f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.capturehighered.com/ice-bucket-challenge-five-years-later/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.963407 | 475 | 1.953125 | 2 |
Rigid packaging is characterized by a finite shape and inflexibility of materials. Cartons, bottles, and containers are some of the common rigid packaging products. In order to make them attractive, pigments and colors are added to these products. Rigid packaging can be a basis for primary, secondary or tertiary packaging.
Metals such as aluminum and steel, plastic grades such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polyethylene (PE), as well as glass and paper boards are majorly used for making rigid packaging products.Since these materials are used in a variety of end-use industries, their consumption is also considered to provide an indication of the economic growth of a country or a region.
Global rigid packaging market, by application, 2015 (%)
As seen in the above figure, the food & beverage segment witnessed the largest demand for rigid packaging products in 2015. Busy lifestyles of people have resulted in growing demand for packaged and processed foods, which have boosted the demand for rigid packaging in this segment.
Plastic was the most commonly used material in 2015. Cost-effectiveness and high strength of plastics have resulted in their increased demand in the rigid packaging market. Bioplastics, which are made from recycled and eco-friendly materials, are expected to witness the highest growth over the forecast period. Regulations regarding the sustainability of packaging products are expected to drive this market.
Increased spending on medicines and medical devices are expected to make the pharmaceuticals industry the fastest growing segment in the rigid packaging market. Besides, new technologies and innovations in the pharmaceutical industry are expected to play a key role in the market over the forecast period.
Asia Pacific is expected to be the fastest growing region in this market. In fact, it held the largest share in 2015, followed by North America. Growing end-use industries such as food & beverages and personal care in emerging countries such as China and India are expected to be the main reasons for the increase in demand for rigid packaging in Asia Pacific.
Similar to Asia Pacific, the Central & South American region is expected to witness a steady growth in demand for rigid packaging products over the forecast period. This region is home to some of the upcoming economies such as Brazil, Colombia, and Argentina among others, which is one of the major factors for this surge in demand.
New product development was one of the key growth strategies adopted by players in this market. This was evident from Amcor’s launch of Amcor MediCan, a packaging solution for pharmaceuticals, in March 2012. This launch helped the company expand its product portfolio in the healthcare segment.
In-depth report on global rigid packaging market by Grand View Research: | <urn:uuid:536f2f45-4efc-4d13-ab89-1b70e2805fd9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.grandviewresearch.com/research-insights/rigid-packaging-market-insights-size-share | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.959586 | 546 | 2.1875 | 2 |
To answer this question we need a few things. First, we need computer vision to predict the game state from images. Then we need an algorithm that can predict optimal moves from a game state and finally, we need these 2 solutions to work together to solve Rummikub.
I used the official Rummikub app to play the game, which made data collection slightly easier. To get the images from the Rummikub app I used a library called “Pillow”. With this library you can use “ImageGrab” to grab a section of your screen.
Using OpenCV to create filters I can filter out parts of the image and create contours. I use these contours to extract the sections of blocks and the blocks themselves.
When I have extracted blocks I can start preparing for the prediction.
When predicting I look at one block at a time. I then use a region of interest to only leave the digit and not the whole block. I then do two different predictions, one for the digit and one for the color.
To predict the digit I convert the region of interest to a binary image. This binary image I then turn into an array which is given to a K-Nearest Neighbors algorithm. This algorithm predicts a digit between 0 and 13 with 0 being the joker.
To predict the color I convert the region of interest into an array and give this array to a K-Means algorith. This algorithm will return me two different RGB values. One of these is the background of the block and the other is the actual color. I set up some thresholds which define what RGB values belong to certain labels so when I receive a RGB value from the algorithm I can determine what color the value is.
When I have predicted all the blocks on the board I can start reconstructing the board. The earlier retreived sections can now be used to group the predictions together. When I have gathered all this information I can use the information in a game algorithm.
Algorithm to predict the next move
I use Monte Carlo Tree Search to predict the next move. Monte Carlo Tree Search is an algorithm that simulates game states, gives these simulations a score and picks the best simulation.
The algorithm looks at which blocks are on the board and which blocks are in the player’s hand. After this it will try to find all possible moves to be made. When these are found the algorithm makes one of these moves and simulates again with the newfound board. After the algorithm can no longer make moves or if a winner is found the algorithm uses a value function to see if this set of actions was a good set of actions. The value function first looks if there is a winner. If the player wins the reward function will return 100. If there is no winner, the reward function will return the number of moves made + 0.5 and if the other player wins the reward function will return 0. In the end the algorithm will return the most profitable instruction to the player.
Watch the program in action
Sander Backx, Thomas More Geel | <urn:uuid:b7b9e55c-133a-4bf6-8145-c2c48300f946> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://arinti.ai/blog/internship-report-can-an-ai-play-rummikub/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.892782 | 657 | 2.53125 | 3 |
How do I know when oil is ready to deep fry?
Finding the Oil Temperature
The easiest and safest method is to stick the end of a wooden spoon into the oil. If you see many bubbles form around the wood and they start to float up, your oil is ready for frying. If it is bubbling hard, the oil is too hot; let it cool a bit and check the temperature again.
What temperature should oil be to fry?
Set your burner on medium and let your pan of oil heat for around 5 to 10 minutes. Put the meat thermometer in the center of the oil to check the temperature. The oil should be between 350 degrees Fahrenheit (177 Celsius) and 400 F (205 C), depending on what you’re cooking.
How can you tell if oil is 350 degrees?
So here’s a simple technique to help determine when frying oil is at its optimum temperature. Drop a 1″ cube of bread into the hot oil and time how long it takes to turn golden brown. If the bread toasts in 50–60 seconds, the oil is between 350° and 365°—this is the ideal range for most frying jobs.
How can you tell if oil is 180 degrees?
Simply drop a small cube of bread into your oil, and the amount of time it takes for the bread to brown, determines what temperature it is. So, if it browns in 30-35 seconds, it’s around 160°c, if it takes 15 seconds, it’s 180°c, and if the bread takes just 10 seconds to brown, your oil is 190°c.
What is oil temperature gauge?
Oil pressure gauges and temp gauges are a piece of equipment that measure the overall health and operating temperature of your vehicle. … This mechanical unit helps to monitor the engine’s oil temperature to ensure that it is within a good temperature range.
Can I use a meat thermometer for oil?
However, many digital instant-read meat thermometers are designed to be used in various cooking temperatures, including very high heat, such as with hot cooking oil. So yes, they can indeed be used during deep frying to ensure the proper cooking temperatures.
How long does it take oil to heat up for deep frying?
It can take anywhere from seven to 30 minutes for a deep fryer to heat up, depending on the fryer’s size and type, as well as the brand. When most people think about frying up foods, they tend to make assumptions about prepping for a deep frying session.
How long do you deep fry french fries at 375?
Heat oil in deep-fryer to 375 degrees F (190 degrees C). Add potatoes, and cook until golden, 5 to 6 minutes. drain on paper towels. Season with salt to taste.
How do I deep fry on the stove?
How do you heat oil for deep-frying on stove?
- Place a plastic ruler in a large, deep saucepan and add enough oil to reach 10cm up the side of the pan.
- Place over medium-high heat and heat the oil to 180°C. …
- If you don’t have an oil thermometer, drop a cube of bread into the oil. | <urn:uuid:e7a8ce68-cc87-4b71-9b2d-a3b0a0383de5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://chrishillonline.com/grill/what-temperature-does-oil-have-to-be-to-deep-fry.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.935961 | 685 | 2.171875 | 2 |
There are a variety of ways to sell your old catalytic converter. You can take it to a local scrap yard. The scrap yard will be able to determine what kind of CAT it is and give you the most lucrative price for it. Once you know the type of CAT it is, you could then sell it to a different business in exchange for cash. It is crucial to understand that the market will impact the value of an old CAT.
There are many types and models of scrap catalytic converters. The value of a converter is contingent on the metals contained. A high-end aftermarket catalytic converter is only worth a few dollars. A rare catalytic converter made by a foreign manufacturer can fetch upwards to several hundred dollars. After you have gathered your converters from scrap, they can be sold to various people for greater profits. You can also sell them as scrap.
Before you sell your scrap CAT, make sure you have the right information on what it is worth. You can determine the worth of palladium or platinum by simply looking at its details. An online scrapbook with more than 20,000 photos will assist you in determining the value of your converters. You can sell the metals for more than what you paid for them. The metals in the CAT are of high value and can be sold for a good price.
SL Recycling will pay the highest price for scrap catalytic convertors. They will purchase them for a price that is twice the price they originally paid. If you recycle them correctly you could make a profit of approximately $2,000 Selling them to scrap metal dealers can save you up to 60 percent. If you’re planning to purchase your catalytic converters from scrap it is important to know which metals they contain.
Your scrap catalytic converter’s metals are worth more that 100 dollars per. They are considered to be a valuable asset, which is why scrappers usually pay a greater price for their scrap materials than they would for non-recycled items. If you’re looking to sell your catalytic converters to cash, you need to check the prices at various scrap yards. If you discover a catalytic convert that is worth less than the amount you paid for it, you must make sure it is available for sale to an auction house.
The cost of scrap catalytic converters is usually based on the amount of copper contained in it. A pound of copper is approximately 75 grams of copper. A catalytic converter that contains more copper is more valuable than one with only a few grams. However, the cost of a used catalytic converter can differ from its market value. Market conditions will determine the value of a used converter.
Even though the cost of platinum might be low but it is still a possibility to make a lot of money. Platinum is currently priced at $125 per ounce. It is not uncommon for a catalytic converter to contain up to four grams of platinum. This makes it a valuable commodity in the world of scrap. It also has a economic value. While it may not be a high dollar value, it is still able to yield profits.
Platinum is the most precious precious metal. It is worth around $260,000 per Gram. The city of san jose has collected more than eighty thousand dollars in penalties from 2014 until 2018. As a result, scrapping the catalytic converter is a fantastic way to earn money from these precious metals. Although the price of platinum is not too high, a catalytic converter with a significant amount of platinum is highly valuable.
Catalytic converters are highly recyclable and also extremely valuable. The catalytic converter’s metals are extremely valuable. This makes them a great option for recycling. The scrap yard will not know what type of vehicle you have If you’re not comfortable removing the honeycomb. You should contact the scrap yard first and ask them if they can help you make some money.
know more about who pays the most for scrap catalytic converters here. | <urn:uuid:370eccc8-6505-45a7-8da1-aac1d0ffa108> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://mahersworld.info/a-review-of-scrap-catalytic-converters/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.959443 | 821 | 1.875 | 2 |
A very Happy New Year to all!
Things have been very busy since our last update in the autumn.
We were so sorry to hear of all the people whose properties were flooded during the flooding event in early November, including our neighbours at the Low Valley caravan site. However our contractors on the ‘Wings across the Ings’ project completed the construction works just before Christmas, and hopefully the new flood defences will help prevent it from happening again.
The new Fleet, as well as the washland at Wombwell Ings, was completely flooded. It provided a spectacular view as to how the new wetland will look when full, and how it will help to provide new wetland habitats and flood mitigation in the future.
The newly sown grassland also survived being drowned and is coming along really well. A great white egret found the new ditches to its liking and spent quite a few days in the area.
While the contractors Bittern Excavations were on site, Paul carried out some further work around Broomhill Flash with new ditches and islands, and a new pond in the car park. We hope that this will provide some extra potential for visiting groups and organised events to get more hands-on with wildlife.
Ponds are great features and frogs, newts and dragonflies can all rapidly colonise. We are grateful to Pete Wall, Sophie Pinder and the Yorkshire Wildlife Trust volunteers for ‘puddling’ the clay liner of the pond – this is a traditional method of creating a watertight lining to new ponds. The work has opened up the south side of the hide as well and once some repairs and landscaping are complete, should provide a more open space – maybe the nestboxes will prove more attractive to breeding birds (we’ve not had much luck so far).
In the next three months
We will see the official end of the ‘Wings across the Ings’ project. The new land has been transformed into a sparkling new wetland for wildlife and a robust extra flood defence. Improvements have been made for people to understand and enjoy the whole of Broomhill Flash reserve and its new extensions Chirl Hill and the Fleet.
Come and learn about conservation
In the next 3 months, we will be hosting lots of events for the local community. These will involve heritage conservation, heritage walks, bird box building, introducing greater water parsnip onto the reserve, local history, sustainable farming, wetland creation, introduction to bird watching and wildlife explorer events for young people.
Free educational visits are also available for youth and school groups (informal or linked to the National Curriculum for all key stages) and young people to discover Broomhill Flash Nature Reserve and explore its heritage, wildlife, archaeology, local history, farming and flood alleviation.
We will also be hosting an exhibition to celebrate the creativity of young people who have entered our competition. So watch this space! | <urn:uuid:2cb16d82-bfbd-4c41-b78d-1bdc39cc2203> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://garganeytrust.org.uk/2020/01/20/a-sparkling-new-wetland-for-wildlife/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.959802 | 606 | 1.609375 | 2 |
systemd.special — Special systemd units
basic.target, bluetooth.target, cryptsetup-pre.target, cryptsetup.target, ctrl-alt-del.target, boot-complete.target, default.target, emergency.target, exit.target, final.target, getty.target, getty-pre.target, graphical.target, halt.target, hibernate.target, hybrid-sleep.target, suspend-then-hibernate.target, initrd-fs.target, initrd-root-device.target, initrd-root-fs.target, kbrequest.target, kexec.target, local-fs-pre.target, local-fs.target, machines.target multi-user.target, network-online.target, network-pre.target, network.target, nss-lookup.target, nss-user-lookup.target, paths.target, poweroff.target, printer.target, reboot.target, remote-cryptsetup.target, remote-fs-pre.target, remote-fs.target, rescue.target, rpcbind.target, runlevel2.target, runlevel3.target, runlevel4.target, runlevel5.target, shutdown.target, sigpwr.target, sleep.target, slices.target, smartcard.target, sockets.target, sound.target, suspend.target, swap.target, sysinit.target, system-update.target, system-update-pre.target, time-set.target, time-sync.target, timers.target, umount.target, usb-gadget.target, -.slice, system.slice, user.slice, machine.slice, -.mount, dbus.service, dbus.socket, display-manager.service, init.scope, syslog.socket, system-update-cleanup.service
A few units are treated specially by systemd. Many of them have special internal semantics and cannot be renamed, while others simply have a standard meaning and should be present on all systems.
Units Managed by the Systems Service Manager
Special System Units
The root mount point, i.e. the mount unit for the / path. This unit is unconditionally active, during the entire time the system is up, as this mount point is where the basic userspace is running from.
A special target unit covering basic boot-up.
systemd automatically adds dependency of the type After= for this target unit to all services (except for those with DefaultDependencies=no).
Usually, this should pull-in all local mount points plus /var, /tmp and /var/tmp, swap devices, sockets, timers, path units and other basic initialization necessary for general purpose daemons. The mentioned mount points are special cased to allow them to be remote.
This target usually does not pull in any non-target units directly, but rather does so indirectly via other early boot targets. It is instead meant as a synchronization point for late boot services. Refer to bootup(7) for details on the targets involved.
This target is intended as generic synchronization point for services that shall determine or act on whether the boot process completed successfully. Order units that are required to succeed for a boot process to be considered successful before this unit, and add a Requires= dependency from the target unit to them. Order units that shall only run when the boot process is considered successful after the target unit and pull in the target from it, also with Requires=. Note that by default this target unit is not part of the initial boot transaction, but is supposed to be pulled in only if required by units that want to run only on successful boots.
See systemd-boot-check-no-failures.service(8) for a service that implements a generic system health check and orders itself before boot-complete.target.
See systemd-bless-boot.service(8) for a service that propagates boot success information to the boot loader, and orders itself after boot-complete.target.
systemd starts this target whenever Control+Alt+Del is pressed on the console. Usually, this should be aliased (symlinked) to reboot.target.
A target that pulls in setup services for all encrypted block devices.
A special unit for the D-Bus bus daemon. As soon as this service is fully started up systemd will connect to it and register its service.
A special unit for the D-Bus system bus socket. All units with Type=dbus automatically gain a dependency on this unit.
The default unit systemd starts at bootup. Usually, this should be aliased (symlinked) to multi-user.target or graphical.target.
The default unit systemd starts at bootup can be overridden with the systemd.unit= kernel command line option.
The display manager service. Usually, this should be aliased (symlinked) to gdm.service or a similar display manager service.
A special target unit that starts an emergency shell on the main console. This target does not pull in any services or mounts. It is the most minimal version of starting the system in order to acquire an interactive shell; the only processes running are usually just the system manager (PID 1) and the shell process. This unit is supposed to be used with the kernel command line option systemd.unit=; it is also used when a file system check on a required file system fails, and boot-up cannot continue. Compare with rescue.target, which serves a similar purpose, but also starts the most basic services and mounts all file systems.
Use the "systemd.unit=emergency.target" kernel command line option to boot into this mode. A short alias for this kernel command line option is "emergency", for compatibility with SysV.
In many ways booting into emergency.target is similar to the effect of booting with "init=/bin/sh" on the kernel command line, except that emergency mode provides you with the full system and service manager, and allows starting individual units in order to continue the boot process in steps.
A special service unit for shutting down the system or user service manager. It is equivalent to poweroff.target on non-container systems, and also works in containers.
systemd will start this unit when it receives the SIGTERM or SIGINT signal when running as user service daemon.
Normally, this (indirectly) pulls in shutdown.target, which in turn should be conflicted by all units that want to be scheduled for shutdown when the service manager starts to exit.
A special target unit that is used during the shutdown logic and may be used to pull in late services after all normal services are already terminated and all mounts unmounted.
A special target unit that pulls in statically configured local TTY getty instances.
A special target unit for setting up a graphical login screen. This pulls in multi-user.target.
Units that are needed for graphical logins shall add Wants= dependencies for their unit to this unit (or multi-user.target) during installation. This is best configured via WantedBy=graphical.target in the unit's "[Install]" section.
A special target unit for hibernating the system. This pulls in sleep.target.
A special target unit for hibernating and suspending the system at the same time. This pulls in sleep.target.
A special target unit for suspending the system for a period of time, waking it and putting it into hibernate. This pulls in sleep.target.
A special target unit for shutting down and halting the system. Note that this target is distinct from poweroff.target in that it generally really just halts the system rather than powering it down.
Applications wanting to halt the system should not start this unit directly, but should instead execute systemctl halt (possibly with the --no-block option) or call systemd(1)'s org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager.Halt D-Bus method directly.
This scope unit is where the system and service manager (PID 1) itself resides. It is active as long as the system is running.
systemd-fstab-generator(3) automatically adds dependencies of type Before= to sysroot-usr.mount and all mount points found in /etc/fstab that have x-initrd.mount and not have noauto mount options set.
A special initrd target unit that is reached when the root filesystem device is available, but before it has been mounted. systemd-fstab-generator(3) and systemd-gpt-auto-generator(3) automatically setup the appropriate dependencies to make this happen.
systemd-fstab-generator(3) automatically adds dependencies of type Before= to the sysroot.mount unit, which is generated from the kernel command line.
systemd starts this target whenever Alt+ArrowUp is pressed on the console. Note that any user with physical access to the machine will be able to do this, without authentication, so this should be used carefully.
A special target unit for shutting down and rebooting the system via kexec.
Applications wanting to reboot the system should not start this unit directly, but should instead execute systemctl kexec (possibly with the --no-block option) or call systemd(1)'s org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager.KExec D-Bus method directly.
systemd-fstab-generator(3) automatically adds dependencies of type Before= to all mount units that refer to local mount points for this target unit. In addition, it adds dependencies of type Wants= to this target unit for those mounts listed in /etc/fstab that have the auto mount option set.
A standard target unit for starting all the containers and other virtual machines. See systemd-nspawn@.service for an example.
A special target unit for setting up a multi-user system (non-graphical). This is pulled in by graphical.target.
Units that are needed for a multi-user system shall add Wants= dependencies for their unit to this unit during installation. This is best configured via WantedBy=multi-user.target in the unit's "[Install]" section.
Units that strictly require a configured network connection should pull in network-online.target (via a Wants= type dependency) and order themselves after it. This target unit is intended to pull in a service that delays further execution until the network is sufficiently set up. What precisely this requires is left to the implementation of the network managing service.
Note the distinction between this unit and network.target. This unit is an active unit (i.e. pulled in by the consumer rather than the provider of this functionality) and pulls in a service which possibly adds substantial delays to further execution. In contrast, network.target is a passive unit (i.e. pulled in by the provider of the functionality, rather than the consumer) that usually does not delay execution much. Usually, network.target is part of the boot of most systems, while network-online.target is not, except when at least one unit requires it. Also see Running Services After the Network is up for more information.
All mount units for remote network file systems automatically pull in this unit, and order themselves after it. Note that networking daemons that simply provide functionality to other hosts generally do not need to pull this in.
systemd automatically adds dependencies of type Wants= and After= for this target unit to all SysV init script service units with an LSB header referring to the "$network" facility.
Note that this unit is only useful during the original system start-up logic. After the system has completed booting up, it will not track the online state of the system anymore. Due to this it cannot be used as a network connection monitor concept, it is purely a one-time system start-up concept.
A special target unit that sets up all path units (see systemd.path(5) for details) that shall be active after boot.
It is recommended that path units installed by applications get pulled in via Wants= dependencies from this unit. This is best configured via a WantedBy=paths.target in the path unit's "[Install]" section.
A special target unit for shutting down and powering off the system.
Applications wanting to power off the system should not start this unit directly, but should instead execute systemctl poweroff (possibly with the --no-block option) or call systemd-logind(8)'s org.freedesktop.login1.Manager.PowerOff D-Bus method directly.
runlevel0.target is an alias for this target unit, for compatibility with SysV.
A special target unit for shutting down and rebooting the system.
Applications wanting to reboot the system should not start this unit directly, but should instead execute systemctl reboot (possibly with the --no-block option) or call systemd-logind(8)'s org.freedesktop.login1.Manager.Reboot D-Bus method directly.
runlevel6.target is an alias for this target unit, for compatibility with SysV.
Similar to cryptsetup.target, but for encrypted devices which are accessed over the network. It is used for crypttab(8) entries marked with _netdev.
Similar to local-fs.target, but for remote mount points.
systemd automatically adds dependencies of type After= for this target unit to all SysV init script service units with an LSB header referring to the "$remote_fs" facility.
A special target unit that pulls in the base system (including system mounts) and spawns a rescue shell. Isolate to this target in order to administer the system in single-user mode with all file systems mounted but with no services running, except for the most basic. Compare with emergency.target, which is much more reduced and does not provide the file systems or most basic services. Compare with multi-user.target, this target could be seen as single-user.target.
runlevel1.target is an alias for this target unit, for compatibility with SysV.
Use the "systemd.unit=rescue.target" kernel command line option to boot into this mode. A short alias for this kernel command line option is "1", for compatibility with SysV.
- runlevel2.target, runlevel3.target, runlevel4.target, runlevel5.target
These are targets that are called whenever the SysV compatibility code asks for runlevel 2, 3, 4, 5, respectively. It is a good idea to make this an alias for (i.e. symlink to) graphical.target (for runlevel 5) or multi-user.target (the others).
A special target unit that terminates the services on system shutdown.
Services that shall be terminated on system shutdown shall add Conflicts= and Before= dependencies to this unit for their service unit, which is implicitly done when DefaultDependencies=yes is set (the default).
A special target that is started when systemd receives the SIGPWR process signal, which is normally sent by the kernel or UPS daemons when power fails.
A special target unit that is pulled in by suspend.target, hibernate.target and hybrid-sleep.target and may be used to hook units into the sleep state logic.
A special target unit that sets up all slice units (see systemd.slice(5) for details) that shall always be active after boot. By default the generic system.slice slice unit as well as the root slice unit -.slice are pulled in and ordered before this unit (see below).
Adding slice units to slices.target is generally not necessary. Instead, when some unit that uses Slice= is started, the specified slice will be started automatically. Adding WantedBy=slices.target lines to the "[Install]" section should only be done for units that need to be always active. In that case care needs to be taken to avoid creating a loop through the automatic dependencies on "parent" slices.
A special target unit that sets up all socket units (see systemd.socket(5) for details) that shall be active after boot.
Services that can be socket-activated shall add Wants= dependencies to this unit for their socket unit during installation. This is best configured via a WantedBy=sockets.target in the socket unit's "[Install]" section.
A special target unit for suspending the system. This pulls in sleep.target.
Similar to local-fs.target, but for swap partitions and swap files.
systemd automatically adds dependencies of the types Requires= and After= for this target unit to all services (except for those with DefaultDependencies=no).
This target pulls in the services required for system initialization. System services pulled in by this target should declare DefaultDependencies=no and specify all their dependencies manually, including access to anything more than a read only root filesystem. For details on the dependencies of this target, refer to bootup(7).
The socket unit syslog implementations should listen on. All userspace log messages will be made available on this socket. For more information about syslog integration, please consult the Syslog Interface document.
- system-update.target, system-update-pre.target, system-update-cleanup.service
A special target unit that is used for offline system updates. systemd-system-update-generator(8) will redirect the boot process to this target if /system-update exists. For more information see systemd.offline-updates(7).
Updates should happen before the system-update.target is reached, and the services which implement them should cause the machine to reboot. The main units executing the update should order themselves after system-update-pre.target but not pull it in. Services which want to run during system updates only, but before the actual system update is executed should order themselves before this unit and pull it in. As a safety measure, if this does not happen, and /system-update still exists after system-update.target is reached, system-update-cleanup.service will remove this symlink and reboot the machine.
A special target unit that sets up all timer units (see systemd.timer(5) for details) that shall be active after boot.
It is recommended that timer units installed by applications get pulled in via Wants= dependencies from this unit. This is best configured via WantedBy=timers.target in the timer unit's "[Install]" section.
A special target unit that unmounts all mount and automount points on system shutdown.
Mounts that shall be unmounted on system shutdown shall add Conflicts dependencies to this unit for their mount unit, which is implicitly done when DefaultDependencies=yes is set (the default).
Special System Units for Devices
Some target units are automatically pulled in as devices of certain kinds show up in the system. These may be used to automatically activate various services based on the specific type of the available hardware.
This target is started automatically as soon as a Bluetooth controller is plugged in or becomes available at boot.
This may be used to pull in Bluetooth management daemons dynamically when Bluetooth hardware is found.
This target is started automatically as soon as a printer is plugged in or becomes available at boot.
This may be used to pull in printer management daemons dynamically when printer hardware is found.
This target is started automatically as soon as a smartcard controller is plugged in or becomes available at boot.
This may be used to pull in smartcard management daemons dynamically when smartcard hardware is found.
This target is started automatically as soon as a sound card is plugged in or becomes available at boot.
This may be used to pull in audio management daemons dynamically when audio hardware is found.
This target is started automatically as soon as a USB Device Controller becomes available at boot.
This may be used to pull in usb gadget dynamically when UDC hardware is found.
Special Passive System Units
A number of special system targets are defined that can be used to properly order boot-up of optional services. These targets are generally not part of the initial boot transaction, unless they are explicitly pulled in by one of the implementing services. Note specifically that these passive target units are generally not pulled in by the consumer of a service, but by the provider of the service. This means: a consuming service should order itself after these targets (as appropriate), but not pull it in. A providing service should order itself before these targets (as appropriate) and pull it in (via a Wants= type dependency).
Note that these passive units cannot be started manually, i.e. "systemctl start time-sync.target" will fail with an error. They can only be pulled in by dependency. This is enforced since they exist for ordering purposes only and thus are not useful as only unit within a transaction.
This passive target unit may be pulled in by services that want to run before any encrypted block device is set up. All encrypted block devices are set up after this target has been reached. Since the shutdown order is implicitly the reverse start-up order between units, this target is particularly useful to ensure that a service is shut down only after all encrypted block devices are fully stopped.
A special passive target unit. Users of this target are expected to pull it in the boot transaction via a dependency (e.g. Wants=). Order your unit before this unit if you want to make use of the console just before getty is started.
This target unit is automatically ordered before all local mount points marked with auto (see above). It can be used to execute certain units before all local mounts.
This unit is supposed to indicate when network functionality is available, but it is only very weakly defined what that is supposed to mean, with one exception: at shutdown, a unit that is ordered after network.target will be stopped before the network — to whatever level it might be set up then — is shut down. It is hence useful when writing service files that require network access on shutdown, which should order themselves after this target, but not pull it in. Also see Running Services After the Network is up for more information. Also see network-online.target described above.
This passive target unit may be pulled in by services that want to run before any network is set up, for example for the purpose of setting up a firewall. All network management software orders itself after this target, but does not pull it in.
A target that should be used as synchronization point for all host/network name service lookups. Note that this is independent of UNIX user/group name lookups for which nss-user-lookup.target should be used. All services for which the availability of full host/network name resolution is essential should be ordered after this target, but not pull it in. systemd automatically adds dependencies of type After= for this target unit to all SysV init script service units with an LSB header referring to the "$named" facility.
A target that should be used as synchronization point for all regular UNIX user/group name service lookups. Note that this is independent of host/network name lookups for which nss-lookup.target should be used. All services for which the availability of the full user/group database is essential should be ordered after this target, but not pull it in. All services which provide parts of the user/group database should be ordered before this target, and pull it in. Note that this unit is only relevant for regular users and groups — system users and groups are required to be resolvable during earliest boot already, and hence do not need any special ordering against this target.
This target unit is automatically ordered before all mount point units (see above) and cryptsetup devices marked with the _netdev. It can be used to run certain units before remote encrypted devices and mounts are established. Note that this unit is generally not part of the initial transaction, unless the unit that wants to be ordered before all remote mounts pulls it in via a Wants= type dependency. If the unit wants to be pulled in by the first remote mount showing up, it should use network-online.target (see above).
The portmapper/rpcbind pulls in this target and orders itself before it, to indicate its availability. systemd automatically adds dependencies of type After= for this target unit to all SysV init script service units with an LSB header referring to the "$portmap" facility.
Services responsible for setting the system clock from a local source (such as a maintained timestamp file or imprecise real-time clock) should pull in this target and order themselves before it. Services where approximate time is desired should be ordered after this unit, but not pull it in. This target does not provide the accuracy guarantees of time-sync.target.
Services responsible for synchronizing the system clock from a remote source (such as NTP client implementations) should pull in this target and order themselves before it. All services where correct time is essential should be ordered after this unit, but not pull it in. systemd automatically adds dependencies of type After= for this target unit to all SysV init script service units with an LSB header referring to the "$time" facility.
Special Slice Units
There are four ".slice" units which form the basis of the hierarchy for assignment of resources for services, users, and virtual machines or containers. See systemd.slice(7) for details about slice units.
The root slice is the root of the slice hierarchy. It usually does not contain units directly, but may be used to set defaults for the whole tree.
By default, all system services started by systemd are found in this slice.
By default, all user processes and services started on behalf of the user, including the per-user systemd instance are found in this slice. This is pulled in by systemd-logind.service
By default, all virtual machines and containers registered with systemd-machined are found in this slice. This is pulled in by systemd-machined.service
Units Managed by the Users Service Manager
Special User Units
When systemd runs as a user instance, the following special units are available:
This is the main target of the user session, started by default. Various services that compose the normal user session should be pulled into this target. In this regard, default.target is similar to multi-user.target in the system instance, but it is a real unit, not an alias.
In addition, the following units are available which have definitions similar to their system counterparts: exit.target, shutdown.target, sockets.target, timers.target, paths.target, bluetooth.target, printer.target, smartcard.target, sound.target.
Special Passive User Units
This target is active whenever any graphical session is running. It is used to stop user services which only apply to a graphical (X, Wayland, etc.) session when the session is terminated. Such services should have "PartOf=graphical-session.target" in their "[Unit]" section. A target for a particular session (e. g. gnome-session.target) starts and stops "graphical-session.target" with "BindsTo=graphical-session.target".
Which services are started by a session target is determined by the "Wants=" and "Requires=" dependencies. For services that can be enabled independently, symlinks in ".wants/" and ".requires/" should be used, see systemd.unit(5). Those symlinks should either be shipped in packages, or should be added dynamically after installation, for example using "systemctl add-wants", see systemctl(1).
Example 1. Nautilus as part of a GNOME session "gnome-session.target" pulls in Nautilus as top-level service:
[Unit] Description=User systemd services for GNOME graphical session Wants=nautilus.service BindsTo=graphical-session.target
"nautilus.service" gets stopped when the session stops:
[Unit] Description=Render the desktop icons with Nautilus PartOf=graphical-session.target [Service] ...
This target contains services which set up the environment or global configuration of a graphical session, such as SSH/GPG agents (which need to export an environment variable into all desktop processes) or migration of obsolete d-conf keys after an OS upgrade (which needs to happen before starting any process that might use them). This target must be started before starting a graphical session like gnome-session.target.
systemd(1), systemd.unit(5), systemd.service(5), systemd.socket(5), systemd.target(5), systemd.slice(5), bootup(7), systemd-fstab-generator(8), user@.service(5)
- Running Services After the Network is up
- Syslog Interface
bootup(7), daemon(7), lvm2-activation-generator(8), machinectl(1), systemctl(1), systemd(1), systemd.directives(7), systemd-halt.service(8), systemd.index(7), systemd-machined.service(8), systemd.mount(5), systemd.resource-control(5), systemd.slice(5), systemd-suspend.service(8), systemd-system-update-generator(8), systemd.target(5), systemd-time-wait-sync.service(8), systemd.unit(5), user@.service(5). | <urn:uuid:8114e85c-bfa0-4833-b795-5d18cc897946> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://dashdash.io/7/systemd.special | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.837307 | 6,806 | 1.882813 | 2 |
The public transit agency of Toronto has been under a massive ransomware attack. The transport company operates runs the subway, bus, streetcar, and paratransit services in the Toronto region.
A representative of the Toronto Transit Commission (TTC) says that the attack on their computer systems was initiated Thursday night and continued till Friday.
Stuart Green, a TTC spokesman, confirms that it hasn’t caused any major harm to transit service and its employees and the public are also safe from it.
The #TTC was the victim of an IT system breach today. No significant service impact and the transit system remains safe.
Work underway to resolve the issue.
Our statement below… pic.twitter.com/3fAzOh3fde
— TTCStuart 🚈🗣️ (@TTCStuart) October 29, 2021
Ransomware is a kind of cyber attack that targets a company’s system to encrypt their data, locking the user out. Hackers usually demand a lump-sum ransom in exchange for the data they encrypted.
Green says that transit vehicles are operating as usual, but apps and computer displays of route details have been affected.
He didn’t specify any details about when will the affected services restore.
“The full extent of the attack is being looked into and the TTC is working with law enforcement and cybersecurity experts on the matter,” he said in a press release.
“The City of Toronto’s IT service department has also been consulted.”
The TTC is responsible for providing transit service for over 1.7 million people every weekday in Toronto and nearby municipalities. | <urn:uuid:be0f46a2-8bc7-4a71-a029-9677f324c91b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.canadavpns.com/news/toronto-transit-system-is-under-a-ransomware-attack/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.953917 | 341 | 1.820313 | 2 |
A handle may not seem like an important part of the cane, as it’s just where you put your hand to hold it and support yourself. But there are many different styles of canes and handles that massively impact canes’ functions. Additionally, a cane’s handle is highly visible, making it perfect for decorations and fancy designs. One example of this is the derby handle, and it’s easy to understand once you see the benefits of a derby handle cane. This is why the derby handle cane is one of the most popular fancy walking sticks in Australia.
What Is a Derby Handle Cane?
The derby handle cane is similar to most other cane styles and only changes the top of the cane. The big difference is that the handle isn’t straight but instead forms a curved hook. It usually runs perpendicular to the rest of the cane, and the shape helps the carrier in several ways.
The derby handle cane possesses the same functionality as a normal cane. It gives extra support to you as you walk and brings a stylish flair to your outfit. Another benefit of the cane is that it makes it easy to push objects out of the way or defend yourself in case of an emergency.
The benefits of the derby handle cane extend to more than just what an average cane can provide. The hook in the handle is for added convenience; you can place the hook around your arm, freeing up your hands when you aren’t using the cane for walking. It also allows you to hook the cane on a table so that it takes up less room and is in reach at all times.
Finally, the derby handle cane is a very fancy style of walking cane. Plenty of people know and see this cane as high-class and stylish. Consequently, it’s definitely something you should consider when thinking about which cane you might want for yourself. | <urn:uuid:982fa9a1-ef6c-4a2d-bf9f-f6f292e868ec> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://fashionablecanes.com/en-au/blogs/cane-articles/the-benefits-of-a-derby-handle-cane | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.94561 | 391 | 1.78125 | 2 |
There are several factors that need to be viewed as when choosing a data room center. First, you must find a location with adequate security and capability. It should end up being configured to allow different levels of access. You should locate one that has multiple hosting places or locations to reduce the risk of unauthorized access. Then, you need to consider the organization’s insurance plans and procedures, including the way the support clubs will get in touch with sellers. Eventually, these elements will identify the quality of your details room center.
It is crucial the fact that the temperature is certainly uniform and consistent. website link When analyzing the cooling capacity of any data centre, keep in mind that increased floor floor tiles can’t cope with heat load for the room. A data center needs to have blanking cells in rarely used rack areas to reduce the chance of hot and cold surroundings mixing. In addition , your data center should have over head delivery of data contacts. The climate of your web servers must be only 20 levels Celsius. When you are using large servers, you’ll want to install them at the bottom of a rack.
The key components of a data center include servers and storage devices. Network system also includes knobs and routers. Physical burglar alarms include video surveillance systems and biometric access control. They are also key to the center’s overall performance. An effective data centre will also own redundant power sources and an answer kit. Most of these components interact to provide high end. When these types of components will work together properly, they will stop downtime. You’ll be wanting to ensure that every one of these components are effectively managed. | <urn:uuid:997a852d-33a9-4eaf-a3ec-8c759bc910b6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.cyx.cz/2022/07/choosing-a-data-space-center/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.948156 | 335 | 1.609375 | 2 |
Within just two years, the COVID-19 pandemic has completely changed everything. How the world operates, our lives, everything just collapsed, and the effects of the pandemic have left countless people and businesses suffering.
Undoubtedly, the global supply chains are the ones that received the harder hit in unimaginable ways, from high demand for rapidly declining resources to rapid inflation, global unrest, a stagnant global supply chain, wage shortages, labour shortages, economic instability, and many other problems which are still active today.
The global impacts of COVID-19 on manufacturing and supply chain
A supply chain is a demand-driven network. Since the pandemic, the global supply chain has suffered numerous restrictions, and given the rapidly growing demand (partly due to impulse buying and overstocking on the consumer's end), it quickly became certain that resources to meet the needs of consumers around the world were extremely limited.
In addition to finding solutions to mitigate major disruptions in the supply chain, manufacturers also face significant wage and labour shortages, i.e., a lack of workers, containers, and drivers, especially HGV drivers, for day-to-day operations.
Dustin Burke, CEO and partner of BCG in Chicago and global co-chair of the BCG production and supply chain, said: “We need new ideas to build a flexible supply chain that can withstand the next major crisis. This competition can withstand the pressure."
The magnitude of COVID-19 can be better understood by looking at some major challenges faced by several sub-verticals in the last two years.
Microchips, also known as microprocessors, or semiconductors, are widely used to power many of today’s computers and vehicles, enabling them to work the way we want them to.
Continuous lockdowns, rising geopolitical tensions, and tightening travel restrictions have led to a severe shortage of microchips despite an increase in demand for electronics. In 2021, a global shortage of microchips ultimately resulted in a significant increase in the prices of cars and consumer goods that use microchips. Automakers had to cancel microprocessors orders due to fear of declining car sales after the COVID-19 pandemic.
The 2021 microchips and microprocessors crisis also affected the electronics industry, which led to shortages of desktops, mobile phones, GPUs, etc., all are essential components that power our lives. The scarcity remains to this day, but there is hope for the future.
Nevertheless, AMD CEO Dr. Lisa Su remains positive, “It will get better in the second half of 2022,” when asked about the chip shortage.
Today, resins are used to make a variety of products and components, from plastic straws to industrial pipes, car parts, and heart valves. Due to the spread of COVID-19, plastic resin producers have reduced production. However, as the industry began to recover, it suffered several natural disasters, including Hurricane Laura off the Persian Gulf coast in 2020 and severe winter storms in the south in 2021.
The plastic resins sector faced tight supplies and spiking prices for the 10th consecutive month in December 2021. The surging high costs and massive disruptions in their supply chains are expected to continue well into the future.
Due to being lightweight, easy to stack, and cost-effective, many breweries have shifted to using aluminium cans to replace glass bottles, rapidly boosting the demand for aluminium. However, disruptions in Europe and China created supply scarcity and a price surge for not only aluminium but also other raw materials.
China's decarbonization policies have also tremendously impacted the supply as the world's number one aluminium producer and the consumer now becomes a metal importer. This shift will essentially affect global supplies and stocks in the long run.
All in all, the Impact of COVID-19 can be seen all throughout the manufacturing industry, including transportation, consumer goods, pharmaceutical industry, chemical industry, the paper industry, industrial equipment, and construction materials.
Unfortunately, stock shortages and price rises are expected to be around for some time and might only be alleviated in or after 2023.
Stay tuned for part 2, where we discuss the role of technology in supporting businesses to minimise the lingering impacts of the recent pandemic. | <urn:uuid:05367822-329c-415c-9873-1f78bc63d63c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://blog.trginternational.com/impacts-covid-manufacturing-supply-chain-1 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.949902 | 883 | 2.609375 | 3 |
The advent of the internet and a globalised market led to the increasing popularity of forex trading. Many traders, from novices to experts, trade foreign exchange currency pairs on arenas like the MT4 platform to gain skills and profits.
Several factors, including the rate of interest, trade patterns, travel industry, economic stability, and political conditions, affect the demand and supply of international currency assets, causing everyday fluctuation in the forex markets. Changes that might increase or decrease the official exchange rate of one currency compared to another would be profitable for dealers. Since forex currencies are exchanged in pairs, forecasting the depreciation of one unit is essentially equivalent to forecasting the strengthening of the opposing currency. Online access, low investment demands, and low expenses are a few benefits of Forex trading.
There are over 13.4 billion foreign currency exchange traders in the world. One may practise day trading and hone their forex trading technique and abilities using a variety of online simulators and demo accounts. However, many are still wary about the niche and its decentralised market operation. This article aims to debunk common myths present regarding forex trading online.
Individual traders would not keep pace with professional traders equipped with cutting-edge technology and substantial financial resources. Trader novices probably won’t be able to succeed if they play by their rules. However, one wouldn’t do that because they can create their niche by doing things only experienced traders can.
The first thing to understand is that there are many distinct kinds of professional traders. The timescales that high-frequency traders use to trade are nanoseconds. Corporate traders primarily engage in day trading, making numerous deals with the company’s funds. Hedge funds generally hold big stakes and operate over long durations. Each one of these categories of trades has particular advantages.
There are some situations, though, that aren’t worthwhile. Retail dealers can benefit from two factors. The first is tolerance, and the second is adaptability. Professional traders need to make enormous profits to cover their capital expenditures. Additionally, they must continue to use that money. A $100 profit is significant to a day trader, and novices have the patience to make it when professional traders can’t. The key is finding one’s own niche, using the MT4 platform and concentrating on the changes that don’t appeal to experienced traders.
This myth has some elements of truth. You, however, must choose whose side of the argument users support. Either the casino or the player at the casino is an option.
Casino owners know their win rates and the percentage of their revenue that will be profit. Most of their clients are unaware of their win percentage and are losing money.
For dealers, the same would be true. Professional traders know their win rates and each trade’s incentive-to-risk ratio. Because they can only win if they are aware of these subtleties, they are preoccupied with them.
Forex trading is popular among marketers for a variety of reasons. Since it enables a trader to complete more trades, gains ought to accrue swiftly. However, due to the high level of leverage most traders use, they are hesitant to hold their investment overnight due to the increased risk involved.
The reality is not everyone is a good fit for day trading. Swing trading, extended momentum trading, and investing are all different demand sets of skills and distinct personality types than day trading. Day traders need to be able to focus for long periods and make quick decisions. They must be able to endure long, trying silence without allowing their emotions to conflict with trade. | <urn:uuid:7ddd24c3-25a6-4f38-81c0-b6b843a15467> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://aditips.com/debunking-myths-regarding-forex-trade-through-online-platforms/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.952513 | 743 | 1.765625 | 2 |
This morning I wrote an article and attached it to several individuals in my Ancestry database. If “a seasoned researcher” is baffled, how does a fledgling view the information?
First: Let me introduce myself as a seasoned researcher. I have more than thirty years experience. Furthermore, I am very familiar with the features of Ancestry.com. Second: I encountered a situation that had me baffled!
Another Ancestry subscriber “commented” that I had an individual linked to the wrong parents. Following her information, Aaron Musselman (1852-1913) was removed as son of George Washington Musselman (1816-1851). That prompted further examination of relationships and eventually he (GWM) was attached to Daniel Musselman (1791-1860) and Anna Judd (1799-1840). Getting to that point was complicated because his wife’s name is “Esther.”
The reader doesn’t need exact details of this researcher’s diligent search for documented “sources” confirming the identity and relationships. For me, the problem was a woman named Esther Wagoner.
Esther (Wagoner) Musselman (1817-1914) was identified married, first (1840), to George Washington Musselman and, second (1870), to Aaron Ulrey (1816-1906). However, Aaron Ulrey’s records listed him married (1836) to Esther Musselman with five documented children.
The answer to the confusion: Both of Aaron Ulrey’s wives were named “Esther.” His first wife bore the maiden name of Musselman (1817-1870). His second wife was Musselman by marriage to his first wife’s brother.
I hope this explanation helps another individual “climbing the family tree.” I’m passionate about “sources” and I believe I have accurate sources to confirm the identity of these several individuals. ~~ ADDITIONS & CORRECTIONS WELCOME.
Lorraine Frantz Edwards is the editor of a three-volume set of books titled Frantz Families–Kith & Kin (available “free” on the Internet), and website titled Digitized Library of Family History. Her Ancestry database is titled Lorraine Frantz Family Tree. Her stories appear in Mennonite Family History. She documents genealogy experiences on her blog titled Three Quarters And Counting. | <urn:uuid:ba5f0d5a-554f-452a-a3c4-cdcd41628b8d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://threequartersandcounting.com/2020/08/30/unraveling-confusing-information/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.952928 | 527 | 1.5 | 2 |
What is a business? Put simply, an organization is an organization that seeks to generate profit by selling goods and also services for a charge. A business is not always rewarding, however its main objective is to produce an earnings. There are various sorts of businesses, including single proprietorship, partnership, and firm, each with their very own certain attributes and also benefits. To get more information about the numerous kinds of services, continue reading! And keep in mind, the interpretation of a business can vary commonly!
Every kind of company has particular dangers and disadvantages. One of these threats and also uncertainties is uncertainty. Government policies and regulations can influence your success as well as adversely influence your service. One more threat that company owner encounter is profession cycles. The Keynes profession cycle is a common example, which consists of periods of excellent and also negative trade. Joblessness prices are high throughout these periods. And certainly, there are other risks associated with organization. Yet these disadvantages are fairly minor when compared to the benefits.
Organizations are arranged to solve a problem. They might be small, single-industry procedures, or international operations with branches in several sectors. Instances of successful companies consist of Apple, Walmart, as well as Exxon. Many companies are specified by a market, however there are exceptions to this guideline, as well. As an example, ExxonMobil carries out organization by providing oil. One more instance is a business that sells cushions. Its sector might be service-based, which suggests it uses a wide range of services and products.
In a partnership, more than a single person possesses an organization, as well as a lawful separation is called for. The companions have varying quantities of responsibility, however one person is accountable for all service liabilities. A collaboration is an organization partnership in between two or even more individuals, that includes varying quantities of possession as well as administration. In a partnership, each companion adds cash or resources to business, as well as they cooperate the revenues. In addition to a lawful separation, a collaboration has a board of supervisors.
Firms are the most preferred kind of organization. They give restricted responsibility defense to their proprietors, but enable very easy possession transfer. A shareholder can acquire or sell shares without disrupting the operations of business. A firm likewise permits simple ownership transfers. Offering stocks can be a straightforward procedure, without impacting the company’s procedures. When beginning a business, it is very important to recognize the various sorts of possession. The type you choose will certainly establish the kind of company framework you need for the functions of your firm.
An organization is any kind of activity performed for profit. Instances of this consist of selling products at flea markets or on ebay.com. Companies are categorized according to their size and also legal framework. The IRS has specified service frameworks. A restricted responsibility firm, for example, has different rules in each state than a single proprietorship does, so it is important to study both types prior to picking a service structure. It will aid you raise money to start procedures. Nevertheless, a minimal obligation business may not be the most effective selection for every person.
The exec level of a business includes a central executive that supervises a huge division. A primary financial officer supervises the entire financial department, for example. Executive degree duties need comprehensive work experience and qualifications. The mid-level service functions are comprised of supervisors. These individuals are largely staffs to the exec, but the exec assigns as well as routes them. For instance, the chief operating policeman (COO) lays out the needs of the personnels division as well as works with a human resources manager to oversee its staff members.
A company has to construct its setting out there. Just a service with a large market share can make it through in an open market. To achieve this objective, established a target market share and then progressively raise that market share. It is important to remember that there are many different methods to expand a company. This is a process that calls for continuous preparation as well as analysis. This is a vital part of taking care of a business, and also a part of the company’s technique.
The types of companies that you can develop are based upon the sort of entity that you intend to create. In the UK, you can form a company sole or a limited firm by assurance. However, these are not common. In England, you can likewise create a limitless business with or without a share funding. Every one of these options have their very own benefits as well as negative aspects, and also determining which kind of business entity is right for you depends on your purposes.
What is an organization? Put simply, company is any kind of activity that enables manufacturing, circulation, and also exchange. This consists of activities like banking, insurance policy, product packaging, transport, as well as marketing. Organizations are not limited to these tasks as well as can additionally consist of various other types of task such as consulting. Derek F.Abell argues that companies can be defined by their market, consumer functions, and alternate technologies. These five components are all important components of every business. However, many individuals do not understand these parts of a business.
In the lawful feeling, a business is any kind of organization that looks for profit via sales or manufacturing. This can be a for-profit company or a charitable organization that benefits a philanthropic reason. While there are various forms of business, they all have their very own benefits and drawbacks. A business that operates to earn money may be a sole proprietorship or a corporation. There are advantages and negative aspects to each, but lots of people select these forms.
Exactly what is a company? Necessarily, an organization is any kind of activity that produces a profit for its owner. It may entail acquiring and also marketing items or solutions in a routine way. While not all activities can be specified as business, they are all important. Whether or not you sell a piece of furniture to an individual can be a genuine service. In truth, however, a business is not a company task if it does not earn money. Get more information
The fundamental goal of any business is to obtain earnings. Without earnings, there is no organization activity. People engage in service since they desire to make money and accumulate wide range. They likewise select to participate in organization if the goods as well as services they give are of excellent quality. A profitable business is more probable to retain a skilled labor force and get credit report much easier. The trick to the success of any company is to identify its economic purposes. A service needs to generate income to endure, so making a profit is essential to its survival. | <urn:uuid:8a52e4d6-3f67-4f60-9e0b-cb799cfbaed6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.detwebguide.com/2022/07/10/the-reasons-why-we-love-company-2/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.971224 | 1,349 | 2.765625 | 3 |
Sin-offerings that could not be offered as sacrifices, and therefore were left to die: 5 cases. A more brutal death, surely, than simply putting it to death…. Also: the korban of “par he’elem davar shel tzibur” (What’s What). These sin-offerings, both individual and communal, attest to the need for sin-offerings… Namely, that people sin. Plus, a focus on Temurah – the exchange or substitution of a specific animal – here, comparing the stringencies of the original korban to the substitute, and vice versa.
To listen: Click the link above. Or subscribe wherever you get your podcasts. Or join the Talking Talmud WhatsApp group, and receive the link as soon as it goes up.
Please like our Facebook page and join our conversation there: Talking Talmud. | <urn:uuid:a469166a-7a91-4332-9960-8e29c740b4bd> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://hadran.org.il/author-post/yoma-50-show-us-your-korbanot-and-well-tell-you-who-you-are/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.893245 | 186 | 2.15625 | 2 |
He Takes Thought of Me
Psalm 40:17 (ESV) -- As for me, I am poor and needy, but the Lord takes thought for me. You are my help and my deliverer; do not delay, O my God!
“I was thinking about you this week.” Have you ever had someone say this to you? Anytime someone says anything remotely close to this it touches our heart. Why? Because it shows that people think about us even when they’re not with us. It reminds us that we are known and loved. It is an acknowledgment of our value. These types of things matter to us a great deal.
Our passage today takes this to a different level. It isn’t just anyone who is thinking about us or mindful of us, it is God. The psalmist writes, “As for me, I am poor and needy, but the Lord takes thought of me. You are my help and my deliverer, do not delay, O my God!” What a thought!
The psalmist describes his own status as poor and needy. He is down. But the Lord takes thought of him. The God of the universe has His eyes on him. This is an incredible reality to meditate on. This isn’t meant to be a threat or produce fear. This is meant to comfort the one who is hurting and struggling. In fact, this is what the psalmist goes on to say. The Lord is his help and deliverer. The implication is that this individual is in need of help. He needs rescue. And the Lord is that for him. But the Lord can only be that for him if the Lord is mindful of him.
This touches our lives today. No matter what we face or are going through, the Lord takes thought of us. We don’t have to be “important people” according to the world’s standards. We don’t need big followings or high-profile positions in order for the Lord to take thought of us. He is our help and deliverer, even though we are poor and needy.
Rejoice in this truth today. He is near to you. He takes thought of you. The Lord is mindful of all you need today. He will deliver.
Reflection & Journal:
- Why should the psalmist words in this passage inspire and encourage us?
- What does this passage teach us about the importance of our status and position?
- How can we encourage others with the truth that God takes thought of them?
Sign up to receive our daily devotions in your inbox here! | <urn:uuid:f8fb5c80-6cd9-4af9-bf4c-5e522353818f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.knowingjesusministries.co/devotionals/he-takes-thought-of-me/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.978068 | 554 | 1.757813 | 2 |
The coronavirus pandemic really rattled the global supply chain.
But business is back. Three-quarters of executives say their companies are now more resilient than before the pandemic. “Exports of many countries are growing at double digit rates,” according to the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development.
The UK’s bounce back will be tougher. The chairman of the Office for Budget Responsibility calculates that the pandemic will reduce GDP by 2% in the long run – along with a larger 4% reduction due to Brexit. “A profound economic adjustment looms,” says Citigroup economist Benjamin Nabarro. “Many firms now seem to be expecting and preparing for a different economy in the years ahead.”
In a moment of reinvention, it is fruitful to consider your strengths. So, BusinessFinancing.co.uk used the CEPII – BACI: International Trade Database to uncover every country’s leading import and export in 2019, right before the pandemic.
Gold and Black Gold Among Countries’ Most Common Imports
First, a look at global imports. This map charts the top import in every country, while the ring chart below illustrates how commonly each product features as a country’s top import.
Africa has the most diverse range of top imports, from aircraft, cigarettes, and diamonds to stamps, tubing, and vehicle engines. Gold is the top import in five countries, including the UK and Switzerland. The UK is what’s known as a “terminal hub” for gold, meaning the trade in gold is significant despite not mining very much on homeland. The nominal trade in gold is so significant that it skews the government’s overall trade figures, making them look healthier than they are.
A brief upside to the pandemic was that everyone switched off their engines and stopped using their cars so much. However, since petroleum is the most common ‘top import’ around the world (128 countries), the impact on the economy has been significant. The United States imported 7.86 million barrels per day in 2020 – the lowest figure since 1991.
South Pacific Islands Export a Lot of Tuna
Next, we did the same with exports. Here is a look at the worldwide export superstars and a breakdown of the split in products. And scroll on for a detailed look at the top exports continent by continent.
Exports are where we start to see regional specialities really come into play. For instance, nearly every country with gold as its top export is in Africa or the Middle East. And the islands of Oceania share tuna as their most in-demand local product. Petroleum makes up just over 25% of the UK’s fuel imports, but the UK usually exports more than it imports – having refined it on the way through.
Petroleum is the most common export: it is the top seller in 59 countries. Gold and tuna step up into second and third place, positions occupied by electric circuits and medicine for imports. Tuna is worth a lot more when processed, as evidenced by a plan to boost tuna exports from Barbados by nearly 2,500%. (The current top export from Barbados? Rum!)
North America’s Top Exports
Petroleum is the most common top export from North American countries, featuring for around a quarter of those listed (six out of 23). There are several ‘runner-up’ exports that feature in two countries each, including oddities such as surgical instruments (Costa Rica and Dominica) and T-shirts (El Salvador and Haiti).
The United States and Canada are among those with petroleum as their top export. However, the US is currently considering a ban on crude oil exports to counter the surge in fuel prices.
South America’s Top Exports
Four South American countries have petroleum as their top export. Copper (Chile, Peru) and soybeans (Brazil, Paraguay) are the second most common – with Argentina compounding the soybean economy with its soybean oil exports.
Uruguay’s abundance of pine trees fuels its wood pulp exports. The export of pulp from South America to Europe is a significant market in general – despite fears of the environmental strain of harvesting fast-growing trees in the rainforest.
Europe’s Top Exports
Two-fifths (39.5%) of European countries count petroleum as their top export (17 out of 43 countries). Medicine, transmitters, and vehicle engines are the top exports for three countries each. Switzerland is the only European country with gold for its top export.
Decarbonization targets will likely change this landscape over the next two to three decades. But there will be knock-on consequences for other exports. For example, Germany now imports most of its fossil fuels, such as petroleum, having exhausted much of its own domestic resources. Germany’s current top export is vehicle engines – an industry that is itself in flux during the transition to electric.
Middle East & Central Asia’s Top Exports
Remove the petroleum from this region’s exports, and you get a charming shopping list: dates, diamonds, fish, gold, medicine, and olive oil. However, the Middle East’s wealth of natural resources means that petroleum remains the top export in 13 of the 23 countries in this region.
Dates and diamonds are the top exports from Palestine and Israel, respectively. If you’re boycotting Israeli diamonds right now, then take comfort that dates are more delicious anyway. Plus, they contain lots of calcium, vitamin K, and magnesium and may reduce colon cancer risk.
Rest of Asia & Oceania’s Top Exports
Petroleum ties with tuna in this region, topping exports in six countries each. The petroleum nations are concentrated in Asia, while the tuna nations are in Oceania. Four Asian countries boast electric circuits for their top export.
Sri Lanka plays a major supporting role in the region: it is the only country in the world where the top export is the bra. The South Asian country is looking to the long term with its booming garment trade by doubling down on environmental sustainability and ethical working practices.
Africa’s Top Exports
Gold and petroleum dominate Africa’s exports, topping 13 countries each. Metals such as copper, aluminium, and titanium also figure predominantly.
Africa has the most diamonds in the world, and Congo alone has natural resources worth trillions of dollars. So why – when oil, gold, and diamonds are such major exports – is Africa perceived as an emerging continent? While the answer is complex, it can be boiled down to corrupt leadership at home and neo-colonialism from abroad. As a businessperson, the choice of who and where your supply chain begins has ramifications far beyond your home market.
The People-Power Behind Import/Export
As the global economy struggles back to its feet, it is essential to remember that imports/exports are not the only part of the market to take a bashing. The workforce, too, has suffered, and it is people – workers and consumers – who will fuel the recovery, who the new economy must serve.
To find out more about the top export from every country, please sort through our data in the interactive table below.
METHODOLOGY & SOURCES
Our data scientist pulled import/export data for every country from the following source: CEPII – BACI: International Trade Database at the Product-Level. Then he isolated the top imports and exports in 2019 by country. | <urn:uuid:9c462f00-151d-452f-94f9-0a1339dfce22> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://businessfinancing.co.uk/top-export-and-import/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573104.24/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817183340-20220817213340-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.944474 | 1,560 | 2 | 2 |
Sprinkler irrigation of cotton crops in Israel's Hula Valley.
Irrigated agriculture has been an extremely important source of food production over recent decades. As the graph below shows, the highest yields that can be obtained from irrigation are more than double the highest yields that can be obtained from rainfed agriculture. Even low-input irrigation is more productive than high-input rainfed agriculture. Such are the advantages of being able to control, quite precisely, water uptake by plant roots.
Even so, irrigated agriculture contributes less food than rainfed agriculture. Globally, rainfed agriculture is practised on 83 percent of cultivated land, and supplies more than 60 percent of the world's food. In water-scarce tropical regions such as the Sahelian countries, rainfed agriculture is practised on more than 95 percent of cropland. One reason is that, in these areas, conventional irrigation development of food crops may be extremely costly and hardly justified in economic terms.
There are other reasons why conventional irrigation cannot continue to grow as fast it has over the past few decades. For one thing, the real cost of irrigated food production is far from clear since, to quote one author, irrigation is `one of the most subsidized activities in the world'. The environmental costs of conventional irrigation schemes are also high (and are not reflected in food prices) - high-intensity irrigation leads often to waterlogging and/or salinization. About 30 percent of irrigated land is now severely or moderately affected. The salinization of irrigated areas is reducing the existing area under irrigation by 1-2 percent a year.
In spite of these reservations, of course, not only will irrigation continue to be used but the area under irrigation will also expand. What is also badly needed is improved efficiency in the use of irrigation water (see box on opposite page).
Yields and water requirements of irrigated and rainfed agriculture
Irrigation has the potential to provide higher yields than rainfed agriculture but water requirements are also much higher.
There are basically five types of irrigation:
The first two of these, surface and sprinkler irrigation, are together known as conventional irrigation. Surface irrigation is currently by far the most common technique, and is used particularly by small farmers since it does not involve operation and maintenance of sophisticated hydraulic equipment. For the same reason, surface irrigation is still likely to be dominant in 2030, even though it is wasteful of water and is a major cause of waterlogging and salinization.
Drip irrigation and underground irrigation are examples of localized irrigation, an increasingly popular form of irrigation in which water efficiency is maximized because water is applied only to the places where it is needed and little is wasted. However, technology is not all. Such things as small-scale irrigation and the use of urban wastewater promise to increase water productivity as much as changes in irrigation technology.
Worldwide growth of localized irrigation
Localized irrigation has grown rapidly since the invention of cheap plastic pipe in the 1970s.
If incentives are in place - and increasing the price of irrigation water is likely to be a principle one - farmers will adopt water-saving irrigation technologies. The main technologies likely to be used in developing countries, where labour is normally abundant but capital scarce, are underground and drip irrigation. Both technologies depend on the frequent application of small amounts of water as directly as possible to the roots of crops. A major advantage of water-saving technologies, particularly drip irrigation, is that as well as saving water they can increase yields and reduce the rate of salinization. Furthermore, since neither system brings water into contact with foliage, they can be used with brackish water for crops that are not too sensitive to salinity. Some of the underground irrigation systems are simple techniques that do not require costly inputs in equipment but are labour intensive. Indeed, one of the oldest methods of irrigation is placing porous clay jars in the soil around fruit trees and along crop rows. The jars are filled by hand, as required. Porous or perforated pipes buried underground serve the same purpose, and can usually be used to irrigate two rows of crops, one on either side of the pipe. The rate of application cannot be controlled (although the frequency can) since it depends on the size of the perforations and soil characteristics.
Drip irrigation has been applied only on a small part of the area for which it is suited. It depends on a pressurized system to force water through perforated pipes running above ground, at rates of 1-10 litres per hour per emitter. Though the technology is simple, it does require both investment and careful maintenance - emitters can easily become clogged. However, results from many countries show that farmers who switch from furrow (trench) systems or sprinkler irrigation to drip systems can cut their water use by 30 to 60 percent. Crop yields often increase at the same time because plants are effectively `spoon-fed' the optimal amount of water (and often fertilizer) when they need it.
Six keys to improving irrigation efficiency
Drip systems, which cost in the range of US$1200-2500 per hectare, tend to be too expensive for most small-scale farmers and for use on low-value crops but research is under way to make them more affordable. One drip system has been developed that costs less than US$250 per hectare. The keys to keeping costs down are simple materials and portability: instead of each row of crops getting its own drip pipe, a single pipe moved every hour or so can be used to irrigate as many as ten rows. Bubbler irrigation is another cheap variation which eliminates the need for emitters, pressure regulators and other fittings; instead, water is allowed to bubble out of short lengths of pipe placed vertically and connected to underground lateral distributor pipes.
There is considerable promise in a range of traditional and modern small-scale and supplementary irrigation systems to increase the productivity of rainfed areas. Technologies such as treadle pumps (see box opposite) can allow resource-poor farmers to manage their own systems to suit their needs, providing water is locally available. Pumping water with small-scale diesel or electric engines can also be more economic than large-scale schemes that rely heavily on centralized control. Furthermore, because individual farmers are in full control of their own systems, they can often maximize production to suit their own lifestyles - something impossible with large, centrally-controlled schemes.
Drainage of irrigated land serves two purposes:to reduce waterlogging and, equally important, to control and reduce salinization that inevitably accompanies waterlogging in the semi-arid and arid regions. Proper drainage also allows crop diversification and intensification, the growth of high-yielding varieties, effective use of inputs such as fertilizers, and mechanization.
The problem is restricted to about 100-110 million hectares of irrigated land located in semi-arid and arid zones. At present, about 20-30 million hectares of irrigated land are seriously damaged by the build-up of salts and 0.25-0.5 million hectares are estimated to be lost from production every year as a result of salt build-up. The currently drained area of 25-50 million hectares is insufficient. Therefore, drainage of irrigated land is badly needed.
However, drainage has two important drawbacks. First, drainage effluent is often contaminated with salts, trace elements, sediments and traces of agricultural inputs. The drainage effluent needs to be safely disposed of. Second, improved drainage in upstream areas causes larger downstream flows, increasing the risk of floods. Therefore, new drainage projects should consider not only the benefits of sustainable agricultural production but the side effects on the environment.
Some 100-150 million hectares of rainfed land, mostly in Europe and North America, have been drained while another 250-350 million hectares are in need of drainage. Much crop production takes place on what were once wetlands. However, this type of drainage development has come to a standstill as the value of natural wetlands has become better appreciated.
Drip irrigation in Cape Verde
In the early 1990s, an FAO project funded by the Netherlands sought to develop horticulture in Cape Verde. The project was a success but its extension was limited by the availability of water - average precipitation on the islands is about 230 mm/year, providing little more than 700 m3/person/year. Drip irrigation was then introduced, first in experimental plots and then in farmers' fields. The new system increased production and saved water, allowing for an expansion of the irrigated land and cropping intensity. Convinced by the experiment, many farmers spontaneously adopted drip irrigation on their land. In 1999, six years after the first experi-ment, 22 percent of the irrigated area of the country had been converted to drip irrigation, and many farmers had converted their crops from water-consuming sugar cane plantations to high-return horticultural crops such as potatoes, onions, peppers and tomatoes. Total horticultural production increased from 5700 tonnes in 1991 to 17000 tonnes in 1999. It is estimated that a plot of 0.2 hectares provides farmers with a monthly revenue of US$1000.
Reducing the pollution loads of water used by farms, industries and urban areas would enable much more of it to be re-used in irrigation. There are enormous potential benefits to be had from the use of wastewater for irrigation.
As an example, a city with a population of 500000 and a water consumption of 120 litres/day/person produces about 48 000 m3/day of wastewater (assuming 80 percent of the water used reaches the public sewerage system). If this treated wastewater were used in carefully-controlled irrigation at a rate of 5000 m3/ha/year, it could irrigate some 3 500 hectares.
The fertilizer value of the effluent is almost as important as the water itself. Typical concentrations of nutrients in treated wastewater effluent from conventional sewage treatment are: nitrogen, 50 mg/litre; phosphorus, 10 mg/litre; and potassium, 30 mg/litre. At an application rate of 5000 m3/ha/year, the fertilizer contribution per year of the effluent would be: nitrogen, 250 kg/ha; phosphorus, 50 kg/ha; and potassium, 150 kg/ha. Thus all the nitrogen and much of the phosphorus and potassium normally required for agricultural crop production would be supplied by the effluent. In addition, other valuable micronutrients and organic matter contained in the effluent would provide additional benefits.
An added benefit is that because most of these nutrients are absorbed by the crop they are removed from the water cycle and hence play no further role in the eutrophication of rivers and the creation of Dead Zones in coastal areas.
Projections indicate that even with optimistic views about productivity growth, efficiency and the expansion of irrigated area, 14 percent more water will be needed for irrigated agriculture in the developing countries by 2030. This will require some 220 km3 of extra storage. In addition, storage that is lost due to the siltation of existing reservoirs must be replaced; this is estimated at 1 percent or 60 km3 a year - 1 800 km3 over 30 years.
A further 160 km3 of water that is mined from aquifers should also be replaced. The total required over the next 30 years is thus in the region of an additional 2 180 km3 of storage, or more than 70 km3 a year (not allowing for increasing evaporation losses as a result of the increased area). The task is thus to put in place at least the equivalent of a new Aswan High Dam every year. For a variety of economic, environmental and social reasons, it is not likely that this amount of additional surface storage will be constructed in the next 30 years.
Introducing the treadle pump to Zambia
Zambian farmer operating treadle pump
In Zambia, FAO's Special Programme for Food Security (SPFS) has successfully promoted the introduction of small-scale irrigation technology. In drought-prone areas of the country, farmers traditionally used laborious bucket-carrying methods to irrigate their plots. During the SPFS pilot phase, treadle pumps were introduced which could pump water from a depth of eight metres with a discharge of 1.5 litres/second. Modifications were made to adapt the pumps to local conditions, and three types of pumps are now being locally produced by nine manufacturers. Farmers from all over Zambia have so far bought 1 500 pumps. Consequently, the supply of fresh vegetables both at household level and village level in Zambia has improved considerably.
Storing more water in aquifers is an attractive alternative. New techniques and institutional mechanisms are urgently needed to stimulate the recharge of groundwater aquifers. | <urn:uuid:73ca7d64-43b5-4d0b-a0c2-013963e93afe> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.fao.org/3/Y3918E/y3918e10.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.95794 | 2,620 | 3.640625 | 4 |
WHAT IN THE WORLD IS A WATERMELON RADISH?!?
The Watermelon radish is a member of the mustard family, which includes arugula, broccoli and turnips. The watermelon radish has an edible round white root with a green stem and leaves. The watermelon radish’s inside flesh is rimmed in white with a dark pink circular pattern, resembling a watermelon. The inside of the Watermelon radish is crisp and sweet, with a mild, peppery taste.
Growing watermelon radishes is as easy to grow as other radish varieties, and can be ordered through online seed catalogs. Watermelon radishes are available all year long, with a peak growing seasons in the spring and late fall. High temperatures and warm soil can have an effect on the radish’s flavor, making the fruit taste bitter.
The fruit, root and leaves of the watermelon radish provide an excellent source of fiber, vitamin C and other nutrients.
SELECTING AND SERVING
At the grocery store, you should select watermelon radishes that are firm, without bruises or cracks. Watermelon radishes can be served fresh or cooked, hot or cold. Cooking the watermelon radish will enhance its natural sweetness. This fruit’s vibrant color is perfect for topping salads and sandwiches.
PICKLED WATERMELON RADISHES RECIPE; yields 1 cup
- 1 to 2 watermelon radishes
- ½ cup of distilled white vinegar
- ½ cup of water
- 1 teaspoon of sugar
- 1 teaspoon of salt
- ½ teaspoon peppercorns, lightly crushed
- 2 cloves of garlic, peeled
- Thoroughly wash radishes, slice into ½ inch thick discs, and place into clean canning jar.
- In a medium saucepan, bring water, vinegar, sugar, salt, garlic and peppercorns to boil. Simmer one minute. Pour hot liquid over radishes in canning jar.
- Let cool to room temperature, top with canning lid and store in the refrigerator.
The watermelon radish is a low maintenance, easy to grow plant. Only a basic level of care is required to ensure that the watermelon radish thrives. Taking care of your radish plant’s basic growing needs (soil, sun and water) will result in a strong plant that will make a vibrant and healthy addition to your summer recipes.
Author: Laurie B. Osgood email@example.com
Laurie B. Osgood is the Family and Consumer Sciences Agent at the Gadsden County Extension office. You can contact her at: (850) 662-3287 http://gadsden.ifas.ufl.edu, | <urn:uuid:fb0a9f81-5889-49e5-b4fd-3763f75b0444> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://blogs.ifas.ufl.edu/fycsdept/2018/01/31/watermelon-radish/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.8255 | 596 | 2.921875 | 3 |
Tabitha Thornton-Swan (2018, Medicine) wins national prize for her project on primary care
Every year the NIHR School for Primary Care Research awards an undergraduate medical student the George Lewith Prize for General Practice. The prize is open to medical undergraduates at any UK medical school, so for Tabitha to win this award is a great achievement.
The prize was awarded to Tabitha for her Final Honour Schools (FHS) research project, which all Oxford medical students embark on at the end of their second year. ‘I chose an FHS project with the primary care department because I wanted a research project with a clear clinical application,’ says Tabitha. Her project was a systematic review of whether random blood glucose testing can be used to identify undiagnosed diabetes in adults admitted to hospital. Undiagnosed type-2 diabetes affects one million adults in the UK, so research in this field is incredibly important.
Tabitha’s research consisted of systematically searching a wide range of databases and collating data about the correlation between blood glucose testing and diabetes. ‘The results were really interesting,’ she notes. ‘There was a massive amount of variation between studies, but enough to show that a well-designed large-scale study would be useful in the future.’ This was Tabitha’s first research experience, and an excellent opportunity for problem solving and working independently: ‘it’s definitely opened my eyes up to clinical research,’ she says.
Congratulating Tabitha on her success, Rector Rick Trainor applauded the ‘excellence of Tabitha’s project work and the splendid recognition that it has received.’ | <urn:uuid:e6895408-c06f-4f4e-975c-97337fca1ad6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.exeter.ox.ac.uk/tabitha-thornton-swan-2018-medicine-wins-national-prize-for-her-project-on-primary-care/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.953795 | 358 | 1.992188 | 2 |
Today is the feast of St Martha. She was the sister of Mary and Lazarus (the one who Jesus raised from the dead). Jesus was friends with Martha, Mary and Lazarus. When Lazarus died, it was Martha who professed her faith in the Resurrection. It was Martha who made the great profession of faith (John 11), “Yes, Lord, I believe that you are the Christ, the Son of God, the one who was to come into this world”.
She is also the one who, in Luke 10, is distracted with all the serving and complained that her sister Mary was not helping her, but sitting listening to Jesus.
There has been much reflection, and even debate, on the response of Jesus when he said that Martha was fretting and anxious about so many things, and that Mary had chosen the better part and that it was not to be taken from her.
I am quite sure that Jesus enjoyed the food that Martha had prepared. Indeed, is not feeding the hungry something that Jesus encouraged us to do?
Maybe it was not that Martha was working, but rather that she was worrying and fretting what Jesus was reacting to. Worry and anxiety fix nothing, fretting fixes nothing. We do not need to add worry or fretting to our work. We can still and quieten our soul even though we have a lot to do. We tend sometimes to make being busy a virtue. It can often act as a barrier between us and others who do not interact, or even ask for help, because they think we are busy!
Mary was listening to the words of Jesus at his feet.
Can we still listen to Jesus as we go about our daily work? Can we still meet Him in the others and the events surrounding our activities and work?
Maybe the fretting and anxiety stop us from having a contemplative attitude to life.
Certainly, as we listen to the words of Jesus, we can still apply them to our daily living. Work is necessary for life. In the scripture St Paul says, “There are some among you who do not work and interfere in everyone else’s work. I order them to work otherwise they do not eat”.There is a beautiful story from the desert fathers.
A man came to the monastery and said to the Abbott that he did not work anymore but prayed all day. He had moved beyond such menial and worldly things. He asked for a place where he could pray. The Abbott pointed out a quiet room away from the main monastery and left him alone. All day went past and then all night and well into the next day. At last the man feeling very faint for not eating or drinking anything came out and searched for the Abbott. When he found him, he asked if the monastery was having a time of fasting. The Abbott said, “oh no”. The monk then asked why no-one one had brought him anything to eat and drink. To which the Abbott replied, that since he had reached such heights of contemplation and did not work, he obviously did not need to do such mundane things as eating and drinking!
With the Grace of God we can be contemplatives in action. Even in the midst of everyday life we can stay aware of the presence of God and listen to God through the events of life. It does not mean that there is not a place for having some time of silence. We can all benefit, and in fact need some time of silen
There is a time to be still, there is a time to work, there is a time for many things under heaven. | <urn:uuid:05b0854e-d85b-49a2-a6f3-cde88250a634> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://darwin.catholic.org.au/daily_reflection/wednesday29july2020/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.989529 | 736 | 2.234375 | 2 |
For many group, disagreement might be handled amicably instead much time-title effects. However, possibly, activities can not be exercised on their own, if or not on account of varying characters, behavioral points, or even psychological problems.
Since the a good ily specialist, you’ve got the book possible opportunity to assist book family members back again to a healthier street. The empathetic character, professional skillset, and you may commitment to delivering families along with her enables you to figure disagreement in numerous views and supply the various tools your customers have to promote more effectively and compassionately.
Let’s undergo how to become a marriage counselor to understand why so it rewarding psychology industry may be the primary option for you.
What exactly is ily Treatment?
ily therapy is a variety of guidance that will help parents really works because of issues that apply at their house existence. So it border any kind dating for seniors of familial collection together with people, parents and children, mixed parents, siblings, prolonged family, or other version of dating. Dealing with an excellent ily therapistcan help partners overcome the choice out of splitting up, otherwise assist parents dispute quicker and you may display best through its children. That it causes far more good domestic existence and less strain on folks in it.
Various different particular families would-be influenced by a range out-of dilemmas. You’ll find, but not, a few common objections you to happen in a lot of parents, ultimately causing excessive be concerned and you can troubles, and unfaithfulness, envy, economic disputes, child-rearing, home requirements, substance abuse, mental illness, teenage rebellion, various job pathways, plus.
Exactly why do We need ily Therapy?
Finding and resolving ily issues immediately can help do away with all the negative effects later. Married couples that don’t resolve their affairs, for instance, could end upwards getting separated, that apply at their children together with themselves. In reality, of many parenting industry experts agree one separations and you will divorces are usually harsher with the people from inside the a family compared to adults.
Although lovers do not get divorced, the effects from erratic household life can invariably have quite devastating long-term outcomes, and psychological withdrawal away from future couples, attention-seeking to otherwise reckless conclusion, and you will drug abuse points and other hazardous dealing elements. ily practitioners are designed to assist the people end this type of consequences because of the training group how to express better making its differences. For the majority of family, ily treatments are usually big date well spent, decreasing the time invested assaulting therefore the risk of splitting up.
What does a ily Therapist Manage?
A beneficial ily counselor uses therapy units, feel, and you will values to fix family relations relationship and get rid of people underlying emotional issues that can be causing the fresh new dissension. MFTs is also determine and you will eliminate numerous problems that affect the family equipment, out-of medical conditions including despair, nervousness, and you can identification conditions so you’re able to simpler points instance bad interaction otherwise increased stress.
To own parents in distress, it can continually be difficult to identify what can cause their arguments. This can be one of the primary commitments out-of an effective ily counselor, and they will generally speaking basic satisfy and talk to every members of a family group to assess the issue and discover the best treatment street. Most of the time, this new specialist will continue to meet with the couples or family together with her to enable them to find out how per friend responds so you can others. In a few activities, although not, a counselor ily by themselves.
Immediately following discovering specific you can root factors that cause big troubles from inside the a family members, an excellent ily overall work through its affairs. This new therapist can sometimes bring recommendations and you will information so you can furious family participants, by way of example, or he might teach them how to display more effectively. Throughout the treatment sessions, a great ily counselor are able to use multiple gadgets so that people so you’re able to work through their troubles. They are: | <urn:uuid:2f464200-0780-4ce7-8c76-6315c369d739> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://tulsaokasphalt.com/at-some-point-in-all-of-the-matchmaking-argument/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.942288 | 856 | 1.875 | 2 |
2017-18 National Military Youth of the Year
2017-18 Pacific Military Youth of the Year
Exactly 10 days before Kaila turned 16, she hugged her dad goodbye as he set off on a yearlong deployment to Korea. Though she’d just moved to Utah that year, in the midst of a difficult farewell, Kaila found solidarity at her BGCA-affiliated Youth Center. While she struggled at times to make friends at school, Kaila made lasting friendships at the Youth Center, and found comfort in knowing others who understood her experiences as a military child. Before she knew it, her heart was invested in the Youth Center.
She poured herself into Youth Center academic programs, tutoring younger kids with the Power Hour homework help program, and serving as a mentor through the SMART Girls program. As a Keystone Club member, Kaila and her peers used the popular game “Pokemon Go” to incentivize teens to clean up local trails. During a difficult time in her life, the Youth Center helped Kaila thrive academically and personally.
Kaila plans to attend the University of Utah to study mechanical engineering and alternative energy specialization. | <urn:uuid:74a5dd17-2936-4cbb-9dc7-1710df852346> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.bgca.org/programs/youth-of-the-year/2017-finalists/kaila-l | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.957227 | 233 | 1.851563 | 2 |
[ExI] Human Challenge Trials
interzone at gmail.com
Fri May 8 17:00:54 UTC 2020
I don't really have an issue with what you're proposing, especially if the
volunteers were well compensated for taking a risk, but I think you're
leaving out the risk of taking a particular flavor of experimental vaccine
from your calculations. I don't pretend to know what that risk is though.
On Fri, May 8, 2020 at 12:50 PM John Clark via extropy-chat <
extropy-chat at lists.extropy.org> wrote:
> If you want to do something drastic to end this virus nightmare there is
> something we could do that would be far more effective than waiting for
> herd immunity as well as being less ethically questionable, although I'm
> sure some would still clutch their pearls in horror, I'm referring to
> Human Challenge Trials. The idea is young healthy volunteers would be
> injected with a experimental vaccine (or a placebo) and then deliberately
> infected with the COVID-19 virus. This would dramatically speed up vaccine
> development and save many thousands, perhaps millions, of lives; not to
> mention stop the economy from collapsing into rubble. The death rate for
> young healthy people who get COVID-19 is only about 1.4 deaths per 10,000
> and the death rate for those who volunteer as kidney donors is 3 times
> that, we accept one as being ethical why not the other?
> As one ethicist put it:
> *"This is the trolley problem where the fat man wants to jump knowing his
> chance of death is below 1% and our decision is whether to stop him."*
> Should volunteers to be infected with coronavirus to test vaccines?
> Human Challenge Trials—A Coronavirus Taboo
> John K Clark
> extropy-chat mailing list
> extropy-chat at lists.extropy.org
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Cracks in concrete can be treated using epoxy-resin based products such as Epojet or Epojet LV. After preparation/cleaning of the cracks, these products can be applied directly to fill the surface cracks or can be injected inside the structure for Epojet LV. Please contact MAPEI Technical Service for the specific details on the treatment of concrete cracks.
We recommend consulting a structural engineer to determine the degree of concrete damage and the extent of repair that must be done. Typically, repair of spalling/hollow concrete involves the removal of crumbling/damaged/loose parts up to sound substrate, cleaning the substrate, treating corroded rebars (if any) with Mapefer 1K, and application of the appropriate repair mortar such as Planitop G40 SP, Mapegrout Thixotropic, or Planitop Smooth & Repair R4.
For floors with voids, the type of repair material depends on the strength class. Non-shrink grout such as Mapefill GP or Mapefill SPis recommended for grouting voids in structural elements such as patching up honeycombs in concrete, filling gaps in precast elements, and grouting base plates and bridge bearings. For repairing and strengthening concrete structures with higher performance, Planitop HPC Floor can be considered.
It depends on the strength and thickness required for the structure. Thixotropic repair mortars such as Planitop G40 SP is recommended for repairing deteriorated vertical or horizontal concrete surfaces with mortar possessing medium mechanical performance characteristics. For structural repairs with higher performance, Mapegrout Thixotropic and Planitop Smooth & Repair R4 are suitable. To have even higher strength repair mortar, you can consider Planitop HPC Tixo.
First, consult a structural engineer to assess the site and then work with a building material supplier like Mapei Singapore to propose suitable materials for intervention.
Durability, maintenance, appropriateness, functionality and affordability are just some of the many things people often check when buying construction materials. However, there's more to that other than finding the best supplies. Mapei provides technical expertise and offers a complete line of quality materials for your building projects in Singapore. Browse our range of proven and effective construction materials that meet or even go beyond the industry standards. | <urn:uuid:ad75237a-7512-4465-be4f-a702a7ff04b3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://cms.mapei.com/sg/en/products-and-solutions/lines/products-for-building | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.902355 | 494 | 1.515625 | 2 |
4th August, 2017
It ain’t easy being green, but more and more businesses are finding that it’s good business.
Many studies find that customers prefer companies that are able to establish and demonstrate their environmentally conscious credentials.
In fact, more than half of consumers are willing to pay more for products and services provided by environmentally conscious companies.
This preference for companies to do the right thing by the earth has driven big companies to do all they can to prove their green credentials.
Some are even ‘green-washing’ to find favour with the consumer.
Andrew Woodward, communications director at Sustainable Business Australia, told The Pulse that the desire to buy with environmentally sustainable businesses was rising.
“More and more customers are looking for businesses that are making an effort with sustainability,” he said.
“People like to be seen to be doing the right thing. When they can, they’ll gravitate toward companies that are doing the right thing.”
READ: All for a good cause
He added companies want to reduce their carbon footprint not just to appeal to customers, but because it’s the right thing to do.
“Businesses at all levels are behaving more responsibly and doing the right thing, even though it may not deliver a financial result,” said Woodward.
“That’s just the business environment these days. It costs no more to behave responsibly.”
So how does a business reduce its carbon footprint?
Woodward suggested that businesses of all sizes could benefit from reviewing the following areas:
Woodward said businesses of all sizes should reconsider the need for travel given the increasing availability and sophistication of conferencing technology.
“Previously, the easiest thing to do was to jump on the plane and go to Sydney for a meeting. That’s not time efficient or environmentally sound – and now you can do it from your desk,” he said.
The rise of paperless document storage has proved to be a game-changer for businesses, not just in the ability to not waste paper but in efficiency.
“With the technical capabilities of hardware and software these days, you don’t need to print,” said Woodward.”
“All of the paper that has been collected by organisations over the years can be digitised, which makes it searchable and eliminates storage costs.”
Searching a shoebox for that vital invoice is a lot more time-consuming than looking through a digital record.
You may be on the path to carbon neutrality, but are your suppliers?
“Have a look outside your organisation, said Woodward. “What are the environmental policies of your suppliers? How do they stack up?
“If you really are committed to sustainability, are you comfortable buying from them?”
With energy prices on the east coast starting to bite, it could be worth investigating more environmentally friendly sources of energy supply.
“If yours is an established business with owned property or a long-term lease, then it is very much worth your while looking at solar and battery solutions,” said Woodward.
“The net cost is probably about the same over a decade, but you will be using the sun instead of coal.”
He added that businesses in leased premises could ask the question of their landlord.
The path to environmental sustainability can be long, but there are things you can do immediately that will make a difference.
The simplest thing, Woodward said, was to buy carbon offsets for your business.
“Just as you can buy carbon offsets for flights, you can buy them for you, your family, your car and your business,” he said.
“For an individual, you can be ‘carbon neutral’ for about $250 a year. This goes into things that produce green energy or carbon capture.”
He said he used South Pole Carbon, a service which invests in green projects and assesses your potential contribution to them based on your business’ energy use.
From there, business owners can look to make more substantive changes, like looking into their premises and equipment, as well as their policies and procedures. | <urn:uuid:5cc7bf3f-f88c-4b8c-842e-b0084c2fcb19> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.myob.com/au/blog/how-to-make-your-business-environmentally-sustainable/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.966332 | 874 | 2.03125 | 2 |
||A.I.M. Informative Archives for architectural renovation
||Garagnani, Simone; Mingucci, Roberto
||The information technology applied to the architectural surveys makes the environment documentation pos- sible through multimedia data, which can be processed using a "Multimedia Informative Archive" (A.I.M.), designed for Institutions interested in cultural heritage preservation. An A.I.M. system can manage analytical information embedded into digital databases, referencing a visual exploration path to several technical data, documenting the context in which a monument, or an historical building, is placed. The framework can be ported to mobile devices in order to allow a wide number of data gathering stations, connected to the same central archive, making easier browsing and storing architectural information.
|Year of publication:
||Digital 3D modeling; architectural information technology; virtual heritage documentation; multimedial building database; immersive data modeling
Garagnani, Simone; Mingucci, Roberto (2011).
A.I.M. Informative Archives for architectural renovation. SIGraDi 2011 [Proceedings of the 15th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Argentina - Santa Fe 16-18 November 2011, pp. 94-97, | <urn:uuid:8a243932-9f44-47af-a700-3b87919a0f6f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://itc.scix.net/paper/sigradi2011_193 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573540.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819005802-20220819035802-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.67573 | 363 | 2.046875 | 2 |
What Is a Grid Certificate?
A Grid certificate is something like a digital identity card for the Grid world – with a Grid certificate, you can prove who you are (authentication). It is issued and digitally signed by a so-called Certification Authority (CA), which guarantees that the bearer of the certificate is really you. To get a Grid certificate, you first have to issue a certificate request. The request is then digitally signed by the Certification Authority and thereby becomes a vaild, trusted certificate.
Technically speaking, a Grid certificate is an X.509-style certificate containing of a private and a public key which makes use of RSA encryption. The certificate itself can be made public, but the corresponding private key must be kept secret! There should be exactly one certificate per human being: No user should own more than one certificate, and no certificate should be used by more than one person.
Getting a Grid Certificate
Paperwork at DESY
Print a paper copy of the DESY Identification Form and fill in the form.
- Get it signed by your supervisor
Send it to UCO
Electronic certificate request
Go to the GridKa-CA website. Fill in the form, selecting “Organization (OU): DESY” and “Request Type: Personal Certificate”.
Final steps (First request and renewal)
Once we have confirmed your indentity (first request only), and you have requested a certificate with GridKa, the DESY Registration Authority will either accept or reject this request. No action from your side is requested, this is usually done within a couple of hours, and you will be notified.
Once the DESY Registration Authority has accepted the request, the Certification Authority (CA) at GridKa will proceed and sign your certificate request. You will be contacted once your certificate is ready for retrieval.
Follow the instructions contained in your notification email. Note: Use the browser used for the certificate request.
You can now use the certificate to authenticate against web servers. For job submission or data management, you must convert your certificate and store it under the $HOME/.globus/ directory. Consult the GridKa help page [ in German / in English ], especially Exporting certificates from your browser and Converting certificates and keys
This documentation and also a FAQ section can be found at the official DESY Grid Computing web page.
Exporting the Certificate from Your Browser
You have to export (called “backup” in Firefox) the certificate and its private key from your browser in order to use it for your Grid activities. In Firefox: “Edit > Preferences > Advanced >Encryption > View Certificates", select the German Grid certificate which should be in the list, "Backup". Export as a p12 file (has to be protected by a password) and convert it with openssl:
openssl pkcs12 -in usercert.p12 -nokeys -clcerts -out usercert.pem openssl pkcs12 -in usercert.p12 -nocerts -out userkey.pem
You should use a secure passphrase to protect your private key! Afterwards the p12 file can be deleted again.
- You will typically have your certificate and its private key stored in your AFS home directory where Unix access permissions do not apply. Nevertheless, the Grid proxy tools will refuse to run if your private key seems to be world-readable, therefore you’ll have to adjust its access permissions:
chmod 400 userkey.pem
Certificates in Your Browser – Important Remark
You should make sure that your web browser only sends your certificate if you acknowledge this. (Heise tells you why.) In Firefox you have to set the option “Edit > Preferences > Advanced > Security > Certificates: When a web site requires a certificate:” to “Ask me every time”.
To check your browser settings, visit a web site which requests user identification. You should see a confirmation dialogue before your certificate is sent to the remote host. You’ll see your name on the web page only if you agree to identify yourself with a certificate.
In case you don't have your .p12 certificate anymore you can regenerate it from the key and cert file:
openssl pkcs12 -export -in usercert.pem -inkey userkey.pem -out usercert.p12
Becoming a Member of a Virtual Organisation
A Virtual Organisation (VO) is a user group in the Grid world. As a member of a VO, you are granted access to the Grid resources which are available for that VO (authorisation). The membership in a VO is managed by the so-called VOMS service. To become a member of a VO, you have to submit a membership request to the VOMS (or VOMRS) server. An administrator of the VO will then accept or reject the request.
- Make sure your certificate is installed in your browser.
- Go to the VOMS or VOMRS server of the VO which you’d like to join:
For the VO ilc, go to https://grid-voms.desy.de:8443/voms/ilc/register/start.action
For the VO calice, go to https://grid-voms.desy.de:8443/voms/calice/register/start.action
- Submit a membership request and follow the instructions on the web page.
- Wait until you get a notification via e-mail. You may have to confirm your membership as a last step by following some “secret link”.
To renew your VO membership go to your VO server. Make sure your certificate is installed in your browser. Follow the link "Member Info" and click on "Re-sign the Grid and VO AUPs". You have to accept the Use Policy, and that should be sufficient.
Creating a Proxy Certificate
A proxy certificate is a “working copy” of your Grid certificate which is unprotected (i. e. it has no passphrase). For security reasons, it has only a very limited lifetime (12 hours by default). If you run longer jobs (which would be aborted if their proxy certificate expired in the meantime), you can use a so-called MyProxy server to supply automatically renewed proxy certificates for your jobs.
VOMS proxies denote your identity, but they can contain additional information about your VO membership. VOMS proxies are needed for the gLite 3 middleware (local and remote).
Create a VOMS proxy with voms-proxy-init, possibly together with the --voms option. You will be asked for the passphrase of your certificate.
voms-proxy-init --voms ilcNote: if this works depends on the version of openssl you used to create the userkey.pem. Tested: OpenSSL 0.9.8e works fine, keys generated with OpenSSL 1.0.0 cause problems due to newer encryption algorithms (as of March 2012).
You can inspect the contents of the proxy (including the remaining lifetime) with voms-proxy-info. Use the option --all to display the VOMS extension of the proxy as well.
The proxy can be deleted with voms-proxy-destroy, or simply by removing the proxy file.
You will need a valid proxy certificate for any operation which accesses a Grid resource!
Renewing Your Certificate After One Year
- Make sure your certificate is installed in your browser.
Go to the GridKa-CA website and click on “Personal Certificates > Renewal”. Fill in the form and follow the instructions under “Help”.
- After that, the procedure will be the same as with your first certificate.
- If your certificate has already expired, you’ll have to get a completely new certificate – see above.
Other Usages of Your Certificate
You can use your certificate not only for Grid computing, but also for digital signatures and encryption of e-mail. Note however that other people must have the GridKa-CA Root Certificate installed in order to trust your certificate. (Certificates of many commercial top-level CAs are already included in most browsers and mail clients, but those of scientific services are usually not available by default.) | <urn:uuid:b81334b3-4500-4034-8912-32a0817bf1f7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://flcwiki.desy.de/GridCertificate | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.899117 | 1,754 | 2.078125 | 2 |
Are housing associations able to make targeted provisions to meet the needs of minority groups and refuse to offer housing to certain applicants?
8th July, 2022
This case concerned a single mother, known as L.F., who was seeking social housing for her family, and a charity's policy of making social housing available primarily for members of the Orthodox Jewish Community.
After having her claim dismissed in the High Court, the Court of Appeal, and the Supreme Court, L.F. took her long-running dispute to the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR). The ECHR recently handed down judgment on this question in the case of L.F. v The United Kingdom (application no. 19839/21).
L.F. and her four children, two of whom have been diagnosed with autism, all lived in the London Borough of Hackney (LBH). In 2020, the High Court considered her a priority case, and ordered that she should be rehoused into more suitable accommodation. At the time, there was social housing stock available from Agudas Israel Housing Association. However, due to a surplus in demand for social housing from members of the Orthodox Jewish Community, in practice all of its properties were allocated to members of the Orthodox Jewish Community due to the charity’s policy. As a result, LBH didn’t apply to Agudas on her behalf. L.F. challenged this policy on the grounds that it discriminated against her because she was not Jewish.
Agudas argued that its policy was necessary as the community suffered disadvantages when it came to social housing, including discrimination on the basis of large families, unique housing requirements and levels of poverty.
The High Court dismissed L.F.’s claim, citing the difficulties the Orthodox Jewish Community face in accessing housing. They noted there had been an exponential rise in antisemitism, giving rise to a need to live close together for security purposes, and their large family sizes meant they had a particular requirement for properties which reduced the intensified risk of eviction from overcrowded accommodation.
L.F challenged the decision all the way up to the Supreme Court, which in 2020 upheld the lower courts judgements, before lodging an application with the ECHR.
The ECHR unanimously rejected L.F.’s challenge, reiterating that Article 14 of the Convention did not prohibit treating groups differently in order to correct ‘factual inequalities’ between them. Given that there was such a need, the ECHR held that the policy was ‘objectively and reasonably justified’, and that the application to challenge it was ‘manifestly ill-founded’. The ECHR highlighted that in particular, the Orthodox Jewish community faced significant hardship in accessing accommodation, and that the domestic courts had carefully considered the proportionality of Agudas Israel’s allocation policy. Furthermore, the ECHR said that domestic authorities are better placed than an international judge to appreciate what is in the public interest on social or economic grounds. The application was declared inadmissible, and the decision is final.
This decision will be welcomed by similar charities who can take comfort in knowing they are legally able to take positive action as part of diversity measures. They are able to have policies that exist to address disadvantages and restrict benefits to those who may have protected characteristics if their organisation’s own objective is to seek to overcome or prevent disadvantages caused by other protected characteristics. The ECHR has confirmed that, should the need for social housing by the Orthodox Jewish Community ever be met, then, and only then, must the housing stock be opened to those who are not in the Orthodox Jewish Community. Had the case gone the other way it would have had serious ramifications for those in the faith charity sector.
If you have any questions on the above and how it will affect social housing providers, or any other questions as a social housing provider, please do not hesitate to contact John Murray, or a member of our expert Social Housing team.
Please note that this briefing is designed to be informative, not advisory and represents our understanding of English law and practice as at the date indicated. We would always recommend that you should seek specific guidance on any particular legal issue.
This page may contain links that direct you to third party websites. We have no control over and are not responsible for the content, use by you or availability of those third party websites, for any products or services you buy through those sites or for the treatment of any personal information you provide to the third party. | <urn:uuid:fafdbac4-540b-4005-b0de-14398458ae94> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.wardhadaway.com/insights/updates/are-housing-associations-able-to-make-targeted-provisions-to-meet-the-needs-of-minority-groups-and-refuse-to-offer-housing-to-certain-applicants/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.973089 | 931 | 1.835938 | 2 |
OTHER PEOPLE'S WORDS
LANGUID OBJECTS ANIMATED
Executive Director and Curator for Greater Reston Art Center
for THINGS THAT DON'T HAVE NAMES, 2019
Who? What? Where? When? Why? How? These five W’s and one H (5w1H), are a useful starting place for anyone trying to gather information to tell a story. When applied to personhood, as Stephanie J. Williams does, they take on an awkwardness and an urgency. Through her work, Williams responds to these questions, not with clear answers but with humor, sensitivity, playfulness, seriousness, and complication. An artist, by nature of their public persona, is always opening themselves to scrutiny, always offering answers to these questions.
There is an oversized stuffed organ hanging from the ceiling and rotating slowly. It is a spinning disco ball; a hunk of meat on a spit; a churning stomach. The answer to the question, “What are you?”—a question Williams acknowledges she has been asked more than once, many times over in fact—is never straightforward. In this exhibition, Williams offers an oblique invitation to the viewer to diagram out a definition of self. A churning stomach can be a symptom of many things but perhaps the first that come to mind are distress and disgust. Distress and disgust at being scrutinized, questioned, questioned again, at the thought of eating something weird, not being able to categorize things, not knowing how to answer who you are, what you are, where you are, when you are, why you are, or how you are. The anxiety would be overwhelming if Williams were not so goodhumored. The stomach is as soft as a pillow and Pepto-Bismol pink, it is adorned with a tutu of tulle/small intestine as it proudly pirouettes centerstage alongside a chorus of entangled tube socks huddled at the edge of the stage.
Williams had a Filipino, African American, and Catholic upbringing in Northern Virginia. She attended Catholic school in Washington, DC, and came home to the family’s Christmas tree farm. This exhibition is about her but it is also about, as the artist herself states, “not only the ‘untruth’ of perceived and constructed cultural contexts, but also consider[s] through anecdote and interview, the ‘corrective tactics’ used over generations by marginalized communities to teach ourselves about American identity”.1 Over the years, the artist has built a lexicon of visual morphemes, pitches, and syllables that can be configured and reconfigured to form cohesive bodies (of work). She takes these pieces, made of yet smaller parts—fabric remnants, cheap and bulk found materials—to create the semblance of a larger organism that continues to remain nameless despite its uncanny familiarity. There are body parts, food parts, parts of clothing, glimpses of the locker room and the clubhouse, parts of you, parts of me, and parts of her.
There are elements that are repeated throughout the installation. The aforementioned tube socks are meticulously carved pieces of framing lumber that originally appeared in the artist’s oeuvre as a work entitled Gym Joy (2017), though the referent of the sock was already present in much earlier work. The hardness of the wood is mediated by the soft curves carved by the artist and the suggestion of the familiar comfort of the sock. The whites are crisp, and the colors of the stripes are bold.
The apex of a work from 2016, Petitionary Prayer, appears in this exhibition now placed directly on the ground. It is difficult to decipher what is happening—is a body bent in prayer, two bodies engaged in a lewd act, a figure bowed in reverence or shame? What is unmistakable is the pleated plaid skirt almost universally recognized as that from a Catholic schoolgirls’ uniform. Tube socks are often part of a uniform first donned in adolescence too. Dress and uniform are a common “corrective tactic” used by the marginalized to perform within a specific cultural context and to cover bodies that may be seen as different.
Bodies come in different shapes, sizes, colors, and textures yet are still more or less comprised of the same parts. Every body has sphincters, follicles, digestive tracts, a vascular system, sex organs, muscle, fat, and so much more. These are the parts that Williams has disassembled and catalogued, representing no one and everyone.
Moving from the realm of the mundane and corporeal to that of the glorified, Williams’s pays homage to the rarefied space of the trophy room. The walls are covered in green carpeting one might associate with the golf club, an emerald green that brings the course inside, cheap enough to be easily replaced when the tony members’ cleats rip a pinpoint tear. The artist has made her own trophies using miniature craft store wood plaques and wooden dowels affixed to resemble a bird perch. Each trophy is painted white with the ubiquitous tube sock stripes adorning each post. A glistening tongue, or is it a phallus, works its way out from the top and around each one giving them distinct crude personalities in their uniformity.
The coda to the exhibition is a short animation that the artist made in situ. There is a strip of wiry white hair with follicles exposed running the length of the wall. In the video, the hairs furl and unfurl, quiver, dance around each other and with each other; they shoot erect and collapse prostrate. There is a single black hair that appears to embolden the others’ actions. And in the final frames, all is still again.
The title of the exhibition comes from a quote in the novel White is for the Witching (2009) by Helen Oyeyemi. “Well. I know of witches who whistle at different pitches, calling things that don’t have names.” What are you? Williams conjures a Creature along the lines of Frankenstein that in the end, is as much you as me.
for THE LINGERING SURVIVAL OF THE UNFIT, 2018
Four Projections with Sound
I began interviewing my family over the past year with the intention of filling in the gaps in my knowledge about where our family comes from, hoping that in unpacking our immigration story I would find a new way at looking at identity. What I found was that our story was not a new one and my research did little to fill the gaps, but point to how vast the gaps in my knowledge were as they pointed to how American my experience of the world is. This walk sequence was created in contemplation of present day migration stories, an accumulation of repetitive gestures of labor inspired by my Filipino grandfather’s participation in Bataan Death March during the Japanese occupation in WWII, a story that I never heard in school learning about American history. I’m interested in the ways that histories are perceived and how entanglements of hierarchies form from those perpetuated memory gaps and its influences on the world. I’m interested in my own gaps of experience as I reflect upon these stories as all too common negotiations of power. This stop motion has no established end — I will continue to walk these puppets until the puppets themselves are unable to function.
— Stephanie Williams, 2018 stephaniejwilliams.com
...m - a - r - c - h . . .
by John Ros, 2018
Flickering moving image. Picture after picture, frame-by-frame — moments transform to build narratives onto histories as formative ideas based in the lived experience. The moving image is so familiar; at once accessible yet so easily disregarded. Glimmering brightness and contrast allure as they confront our attention. They require little to view, but much to fully unpack. The moving image not only seeks our approval but does so in a way that comforts. Is this ancestral? Does our DNA reflect in the flickering fire of our ancient forebearers? Or is the recollection of the moving image nearer; memories laid flat before us in a way that bring us back to a comforting place — Saturday morning cartoons, first dates, historic news events, home movies? Regardless of instinctual attraction or not, the enigmatic moving image is mostly a passive interaction, echoing how much our overly-sensitized world has been placed before us.
Art is not passive, especially for the stop-motion maker. Moment by moment, Stephanie Williams activates directed spaces. Twenty-four frozen moments in time create one second of movement. Though rhythmic and perhaps largely automatic (or more aptly, reflexive) the process requires much time and energy. The thematic development of puppets, the carving, cutting, binding, layering, painting — all before they have even taken a step — creates inertia for the awaiting narrative. Researched source material cloaks the backdrop as Williams brings her characters to life.
Williams’ grandfather, Saturnino, was a survivor of the 1942 Bataan Death March in the Philippines. Like many immigrant, first-generation American families, these stories become buried out of the necessity to move on and assimilate, building new life in a foreign land. Williams’ situation is made more complicated due to the fact that her parents are not from the same cultural background. Like many mixed households, survival, identity and assimilation enact their own complicated negotiation within the black and white world upheld by the main; this blurred space creates a smudge of grey. Identity goes rummaging for cues throughout the cultural past that inform how we carve out the spaces we stand in and view the world. This mélange of memory and tradition surfaces throughout time and develops the core of who we are.
For many, food is a nucleus that keeps families together. Williams’ experience is no different. She plays with materials much like she played with food as a kid in her mother’s kitchen:
'I used to think that when I grew up, I’d be a butcher. I had no interest in running a store nor providing any kind of practical service, but I liked that food as a raw material, when turned into a prepared meal, could be transformed into almost anything. I would prepare meals with my mother....Working together, I learned how to remove a turkey gizzard, how to prepare liver, how to clean a squid, about shrimp paste and fish sauce. This stuff is honest even in its pieces.'
This sense of blurring food as material starts to orient us in Williams’ visual flickering narratives; the primacy of devouring our fresh catch over the pulsing heat of fire. Here, Williams uses balut as a way to present and preserve her history. Seen to some a staple, others an exotic or daringly gross food, it was common in young Williams’ childhood. This starting point flinches in a way that turns ideas and expectations on their heads, presenting notions of survival and comfort in varied light. These fetal ducks take the place of the American and Filipino prisoners of war who walk the 60-70 miles from Saysain Point, Bagac, Bataan and Mariveles to Camp O’Donnell, Capas, Tarlac. Though details are obscured, this honest handling of material opens up the potency of the forced walk itself. The beat, the breath and the hum of Williams’ mother’s voice creates an anxious, orchestrated chorus of frenetic inertia winding us up like a toy with a key in its back, prompting each anticipated step.
Williams’ investigations into her personal familial history represent a deeper interrogation of our collective culture. Histories told and disseminated are so often contrived and cultivated for control or justification. Williams’ dedication to her craft, using the lens of personal identity and familial lineage, develops a larger story from which we can all learn. Formation lies in the resulting process. To be fully formed lies in the patience and fortitude from which time unravels. Narratives are built each and every day. The beat of slapping webbed feet forced to walk infinitum reinforces persistence — in integrity and discovery. This process unveils mysteries and uncovers truths in purpose which develops an honest history. Good, bad or ugly.
A POLITE DISTANCE
Brett Ian Balogh, Didier Morelli, Ruby Thorkelson, Stephanie Williams
Matthew Coleman, 2016 (CLICK HERE FOR A LINK TO CURATORIAL STATEMENT)
EMERGING FROM THE CURIOUS: Commonplace Anomalies
Anna Arabindan-Kesson, 2012
Starkly black and white, Emergence (2011) is a set of drawings formed in the hazy tonalities between light and dark, and the accumulative shadows of sketching and blotting. Faces appear out of blank spaces and clouds, arranged in a row pierced through the mouth by a rod. Their faces and necks both attach to, and disappear into, small round tumors given flight by growing and tapering tails. Across the white surface these sacks, shaped between a kidney and a gall bladder, ooze thick trails of ink; sometimes they splatter, as in sheet five. In sheet one they drip and embed themselves into splintered, bodily forms: nipples and fingers, darkening tubes and the odd eyeball. Crisscrossed through this spongy topography are ladders: thin vertical and horizontal strips, rising up, poking around and joining up. They seem to hold these nebulous objects together, while excavating their material form. They accentuate the volatility of the piece. Not unlike the wooden frame that provides Alex (2010) with his structure and his intangible immanence, these straight-edged forms inflect Emergence with a vital connectivity: an axis around which this morphing, squelching and consuming entity can settle. Williams invites us to add to the mass of shapes, because she wants us to see that despite their strangeness they evoke something like familiarity. An uncanny resonance between our interiority and the exterior world: Emergence amalgamates the processes we find both repulsive and curious into an ecological system redolent with visceral meaning.
Commonplace Anomalies are a little like the processes of the body we try not to imagine: ingrown follicles, flaking skin, and florid growths. We all experience them and, in Williams’ oeuvre, they become suggestive metaphors for the narratives that we almost never examine but remain integral to structuring our everyday lives. Creating an internal/external dialogue in this way her work portrays elisions: the stories that are never shown and the myths that remain to take their place. As Williams puts it, she is curious about what can “give flesh to the gaps formed between reality and one’s own interpretations of that reality.”
And so the unexplained takes strange shape, providing the backdrop for the construction of a multilayered, ecology: fecund, expanding and amorphous. Look, for instance, at her Anomaly (2005-2012) paintings: in varying sizes the plywood boards become backdrops for a close study of interiority. In the smaller paintings, mushroom like bulbs extend across flat, thickly painted, planes. Tendrils disassociate, growing into balloon shaped follicles, flower buds and teats. The resonances between these surfaces and cellular organisms are marked. They emerge – as if examined through a sharply lit lens – like glaring cross sections microscopically analyzed. In the larger paintings, organs hang within different colored surfaces. New forms emerge while others fold into themselves, settling into heavily painted backgrounds, kept in place like specimens in formaldehyde. Floating, fleshly, they bristle with thick brush strokes, their layers collecting like the textures of skin and hair and pooling blood. Williams veers towards the abstract and the surreal in the drooping forms, flattened background, and heady palette of Inert Space (2008). Extending horizontally with a shallow field of vision, unnamed shapes are interspersed and entangled forming the appearance of a jaunty skyline. Although small in scale it is full of affect: evocative of a sci-fi comic strip or the flattened designs of a Murakami papered wall. The arrangement of floating spheres, flickering anemones, globular bulbs and unfolding ribbons is both whimsical and extremely intricate. Carnivalesque dialogues occur between paint, shapes and space: there is hardly room for explanation, yet fantastical narratives emerge.
Williams never quite lets us outside the form of her artwork, even though she is excavating how feelings, stories and ideas collect and assemble in spaces behind and between. She thus gives form to the way our bodies, as Merleau-Ponty explained, can become the condition and the context through which we experience and generate meaning. Raised in a Roman Catholic environment, the implications of the body have always been central to her understanding of artistic production. While the corporeal is not simply a subject of Williams’ work, but offers her a mode of perception, it is not quite the same as saying the body is the message. Her painted canvases and drawings are bellicose with color, texture and depth, however we can never quite attach anything ready made to them: she maintains a willful misdirection.
In Skin Patch (2006) Williams creates a surface of pinky skin. Reminiscent of the smooth, glistening bodies of Barbie or Ken this extensive sculpture is punctuated by twisted hair follicles, made of black trash bags. The incorporation of the random patterns of follicles creates a surface reverberating with the tension of things out of place: but where do we put them instead? In this sense the patches return us to our own sensory worlds, and the constructions of identity that may lie within them (why doesn’t Barbie ever have body hair?). However the integration of the gridded form with the organic vitality of the epidermis (not unlike Lorna Simpson’s Wigs, 1994) also presents a powerful juxtaposition taking us back to a history of classification, modernist semiotics and language creation. This series of patches says something about the accumulative function of meaning making too, and the systematic construction of knowledge. Miniscule, the grey fingerlings of Scene 4 and 6 (2010) are covered in ridges, blushed with pinks, greens and sometimes hair. In Scene 1 (2009), these wax reliefs, mounted on glass, are formed into jeweled toes, crowned with a purple brain. Scene 5 (2010) shows a colored, wrinkled, belly sprouting a stalk. Despite their size these assemblages of organ-shaped beings have the quality of a tableaux vivant. An internal dialogue connects them into a series of knobbled and knuckled forms, ungainly yet perfectly poised in their three dimensional protrusions. This theatricality takes on a much more tangible sense in the sculptures of Edwin (2006) and Alex. Edwin, could be several of the Anomaly and Inert Space paintings come to ‘life’, replete with flesh colored limbs and wiry hair, he is malleable yet maintains his structure: even in your arms. Alex, Williams’ homage to the famous Castrati singer Alessandro Moreschi, is an elaborate exo-skeleton. Made to be worn the horizontal frame materializes the trajectory of a Castrati singer’s voice: it emerges from the wearer’s chest and expands out into the world. And so, literally an embodied narrative, Alex also formally embodies the gridded structures and organic materials that appear throughout Williams’ work. His tentacles hang, his heart glistens, he is a mass of connecting wires and threads. He is a system and a body: a mythic creature whose story takes on another life through his attachment to our bodies, he simultaneously turns our bodies into the medium for his connection to the outside world.
Like ecological systems, Stephanie Williams’ artworks emerge and grow out of forms we sense are, apparently, real. They curl, unfurl, discharge, drip and push into each other forming a body of characters that, sometimes dream-like and sometimes not, will entice, repulse, entreat and engage. Ripe, sensual and replete with a mysterious attraction they materialize, give form to, and embody the gaps, stutters and imaginings that line the apparently seamless social worlds we inhabit.
Katie Rubright, 2012
‘Woman is that creature who puts the inside on the outside. By projections and leakages of all kinds—somatic, vocal, emotional, sexual—females expose or expend what should be kept in.’
–Anne Carson, Glass, Irony and God p.129
‘Art is of the animal. It comes, not from reason, recognition, intelligence, not from a uniquely human sensibility, or from any of man’s higher accomplishments, but from something excessive, unpredictable, lowly. What is most artistic in us is that which is the most bestial.’
–Elizabeth Grosz, Chaos, Territory, Art p.64
A beefy thumb distends into a vaguely human but decidedly un-handlike form in Stephanie Williams’s ANOMALY no. 23. It recedes back into the untreated plywood before being severed at what would be the wrist point. This is skin, you think, but belonging to no body I know. Familiarizing the strange, or a perversion of the everyday defines our experience of the uncanny. But this is only a partial account. There is also a requisite element of menace, of ill will within these new bodies. What unsettles is the sense that the organisms are out of our league, uncontrolled and uncontrollable. They are not inert, though some seem to be resting. They ooze from dark holes, they refuse containment. Williams checks them within the panel edges, but the figures have an erratic frenzy suggestive of science class microscope slides, organisms caught and frozen under our gaze as they can never be in life. Hers is a world that teems, in a big hurry to embody all its possible genetic mutations.
The series of wax on glass Scenes features individual fingerlike forms aligned but not attached to each other, attended to by tiny sperm-tadpoles. The sharp right angles of the glass panels induce the scientific convention of using architectural forms to encase biological specimens, as with vitrines, mounting insects, and embalming organs in glass containers. But Williams exhibits not organs cut from a larger being but independent creatures, self-willed and untrustworthy. A defilement of the body is the source of our emotional experience of disgust, but Williams goes for more than a gross out. The fingers resemble our own but the edges are rounded, giving an unnerving sense of wholeness that desires no reunion with hands. An abrupt or accidental split with a body is nowhere here; the contours indicate completion, autonomy. Similar enough to feel related, the forms demand acknowledgment but not reconciliation. It’s as if parts of us staged a rebellion and moved off to start their own anarchic colony. Strange pilgrims, these.
But say the organisms returned and insisted on reintegration. Alex and Edwin are sculptures attached to human beings, more protrusion than symbiosis. They depend on a person to animate them, yet these pieces inhibit the movements of and physically burden the wearer. We’re a long way from the mutualism sustaining the swarms of digestive bacteria within our stomachs. The titles evoke Anglo human males, disrupting any attempts to disassociate their forms from our bodies, our ways of naming each other. There is no safe distance.
Williams’s palette never strays far from the vermilions and ochres of flesh tones. This is a depiction of skin, of course, but also an inference to blood. Thousands of capillaries running just under the surface are responsible for the health or pallor of our skin. In addition to melanin it is literally our blood that colors us. All the forms in Williams’s biological display are fed by blood, even engorged by it in some cases, further disconcerting the viewer. We see that they are nourished by blood without knowing how, like worms it is almost impossible to imagine their cardiovascular system. This emphasizes the figures as living things, tiny biofictions in an increasingly digitized world.
Tufts of curly hair or short sprigs adorn many of the figures. These are newborns, sprung into the world with the mechanisms but not yet the time for hair growth. A strategy emerges with constant rebirth as a retort to the decay of constant death. In an industrialized society marked by planned obsolescence and dematerialization, Williams insists on the biological, on the possibilities and aberrations of living things. All bodies carry death. It is only by being alive that it’s overcome, hour by hour. There is always the possibility. Life is not about cheating death but simply resists it, saying yes to every moment.
Our lives are wreathed by experiences we cannot translate into words. The ineffable meets us daily to reinforce that the brain is not the only organ where knowledge resides. Part of the resonance of Williams’s uncanny images is their circumnavigation of verbal language to something more immediate, more primal. Summoning an awareness that disregards words, the forms seem to proliferate as we confront them. They ring within as we look; yet even as we turn away, they remain. | <urn:uuid:a72ee297-b1d6-41df-b28d-dcadee70f03e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.stephaniejwilliams.com/otherwords | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.947101 | 5,327 | 2.046875 | 2 |
OUR GREAT PASSOVER, a Devotion for 16 May 2019 Anno Domini, the Anglican Orthodox Communion
6 Your glorying is not good. Know ye not that a little leaven leaveneth the whole lump? 7 Purge out therefore the old leaven, that ye may be a new lump, as ye are unleavened. For even Christ our passover is sacrificed for us: 8 Therefore let us keep the feast, not with old leaven, neither with the leaven of malice and wickedness; but with the unleavened bread of sincerity and truth. 1 Cor 5:6-8 (KJV)
We are yet still in the Easter Season, but what is Easter all about? Is it about fertility eggs and Easter bunnies, parades and Easter bonnets? No, Easter bears a far greater significance than that which occupies the awareness of the Church in general. We may say the proper responses, read the applicable Scriptures, and perform the proper worship routines, but, like the repetition of the Lord’s Prayer, it may simply be an exercise in rote memory – and neither the Lord’s Prayer nor the observance of Easter should be looked upon in any less reverence than awe and humility. Writers such as Hislop (in Two Babylon’s) and many others have tried to cast dispersions upon the term ‘EASTER’ itself claiming that it is derived from some pagan holiday. Though I will readily admit that some customs that have arisen over the years in observance of Easter do, indeed, have pagan origins, the original observance of Easter had no such connotations. In establishing Easter as a credible holiday, I believe Rome inculcated many Spring fertility practices in order to make Easter more palatable to the pagan world. This was a great error of Rome, and they still so blunder in every part of the world the Papacy is honored.
When I ask a young child what is special about Easter, or even Christmas, I will unfailingly get the response, “the Easter Rabbit”, and “Santa Claus.” Thus have the true meanings of our holidays (Holy Days) been corrupted by the traditions of men. The Easter egg, supposedly laid by a bunny, probably derives from ancient Babylon and their extreme observance of fertility rites. The egg is still center piece at Spring Festivals (No Ruz – New Years) in Iran today (Old Persia). The Iranians also build bonfires in the streets at No Ruz and have their children ‘pass through the fire” by jumping through the flames. I observed this custom on numerous occasions. If we teach our children the lie of the Easter Bunny and Santa Claus, how will we ever unteach them that lie and replace it with the true meanings?
There is no question that Easter is simply an English translation for Pascha (or Passover). In 28 out of 29 places in the Bible, it is so translated; and we find only once in Acts 12:4 in which it is translated ‘Easter.’ This is not an error in translation, but merely a difference in approach. In old English, Easter derives from the word for new dawn, and that is precisely what the Resurrection brought to us – a New Dawn and a New Day. You will recall that Christ rose at, or shortly before, Dawn on the first day of the week. “In the end of the sabbath, as it began to dawn toward the first day of the week, came Mary Magdalene and the other Mary to see the sepulchre.” Matt 28:1 (KJV) & “The first day of the week cometh Mary Magdalene early, when it was yet dark, unto the sepulchre, and seeth the stone taken away from the sepulchre.” John 20:1 (KJV) It is impossible, and unnecessary, for us to stipulate the exact time of our Lord’s rising since, biblically speaking, the next day began to dawn at the end of the previous day at sunset. So Christ arose sometime between sunset on the sabbath and sunrise on the first day. The end of the Sabbath came at sundown on the seventh day.
There is a particular significance to the first Day of the week. It was accounted the eighth day when speaking of the new week. The day was not named Sunday at the time. Eight is the number used to express new beginnings in God’s Word. There are seven notes in a musical scale and the eighth is the beginning of the next scale. There were eight souls aboard the Ark of Noah in order to perpetuate the New Creation after the Flood. So the Resurrection of Christ hails a New Beginning for all who believe and are under the calling and election in Him. And the sons of Israel were circumcised on the eighth day.
I have heard well-meaning, but ignorant, preachers declare that we no longer need the Old Testament since the New Testament has given us the Gospel and the history of the Church. That is an error of tremendous proportion! There is no way we can fully understand and appreciate the truths revealed in the New Testament, without understanding the foreshadowing of those truths in the Old Testament. If we are discreet scholars, we can find the Gospel gloriously presented in the Old Testament. The more complete discussion on those Gospel presentations must await another day since today I wish to point out just ONE of those glorious revelations of truth – the PASSOVER! Even so, there is time only for a brief and superficial discussion of just that one truth.
God had conceived the Passover (Easter) well before the earth was formed, and the stars were scattered in their distant orbits. In the Eternity Past, God provided a Savior Redeemer in His only Begotten Son for fallen man. God was not shocked that Adam fell for the Serpent’s lie. He was not shocked that the greater measure of old Israel would reject His Son. In fact, the sovereign of the Universe is not surprised at any event involving His Creation. The Creation adheres together moment by moment by the magnetic power of God. Our lives, too, and the number of our heartbeats are dictated by our Maker. We cannot surprise Him by either failing in faith, or succeeding in our Christian walk.
In the very ancient Book of Job, we are reminded of that coming Redeemer long before any priest or high priest knew of the prophecy. “23 Oh that my words were now written! oh that they were printed in a book!
24 That they were graven with an iron pen and lead in the rock for ever! 25 For I know that my REDEEMER liveth, and that he shall stand at the latter day upon the earth: 26 And though after my skin worms destroy this body, yet in my flesh shall I see God: 27 Whom I shall see for myself, and mine eyes shall behold, and not another; though my reins be consumed within me.” Job 19:23-27 (KJV)
Man is weak of understanding such high things as the unlimited love and providence of God. He needs physical illustrations to make these great mysteries become even remotely understood. So God oversaw His people of Abraham’s descent in all their travels and turmoils. He provided Joseph (as a type of Christ) to go down into Egypt as a slave in preparation of the salvation of Jacob (Israel) and his sons. In order to learn the contrast between bondage and liberty, Israel was enslaved in Egypt. But God had not forgotten them. He predestined a man to be trained in Egypt’s royal courts as a leader of His people in bringing them out of bondage – Moses!
What event heralded the beginning of the freeing of the Children of Israel? Was it not the final plague God sent against Pharaoh? The Angel of Death would Passover the land of Egypt and take the firstborn male child of both man and beast. “4 . . . Thus saith the LORD, About midnight will I go out into the midst of Egypt: 5 And all the firstborn in the land of Egypt shall die, from the firstborn of Pharaoh that sitteth upon his throne, even unto the firstborn of the maidservant that is behind the mill; and all the firstborn of beasts. 6 And there shall be a great cry throughout all the land of Egypt, such as there was none like it, nor shall be like it any more. 7 But against any of the children of Israel shall not a dog move his tongue, against man or beast: that ye may know how that the LORD doth put a difference between the Egyptians and Israel. Ex 11:4-7 (KJV)
Such an event would strike terror into our hearts today as then. God knew Pharaoh would not heed even this warning. “2 This month shall be unto you the beginning of months: it shall be the first month of the year to you. 3 Speak ye unto all the congregation of Israel, saying, In the tenth day of this month they shall take to them every man a lamb, according to the house of their fathers, a lamb for an house: 4 And if the household be too little for the lamb, let him and his neighbour next unto his house take it according to the number of the souls; every man according to his eating shall make your count for the lamb. 5 Your lamb shall be without blemish, a male of the first year: ye shall take it out from the sheep, or from the goats: 6 And ye shall keep it up until the fourteenth day of the same month: and the whole assembly of the congregation of Israel shall kill it in the evening. 7 And they shall take of the blood, and strike it on the two side posts and on the upper door post of the houses, wherein they shall eat it. 8 And they shall eat the flesh in that night, roast with fire, and unleavened bread; and with bitter herbs they shall eat it. 9 Eat not of it raw, nor sodden at all with water, but roast with fire; his head with his legs, and with the purtenance thereof. 10 And ye shall let nothing of it remain until the morning; and that which remaineth of it until the morning ye shall burn with fire. 11 And thus shall ye eat it; with your loins girded, your shoes on your feet, and your staff in your hand; and ye shall eat it in haste: it is the LORD’S passover. 12 For I will pass through the land of Egypt this night, and will smite all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, both man and beast; and against all the gods of Egypt I will execute judgment: I am the LORD. 13 And the blood shall be to you for a token upon the houses where ye are: and when I see the blood, I will pass over you, and the plague shall not be upon you to destroy you, when I smite the land of Egypt. 14 And this day shall be unto you for a memorial; and ye shall keep it a feast to the LORD throughout your generations; ye shall keep it a feast by an ordinance for ever.” Ex 12:2-14 (KJV)
The Angel of Death is not finished! He is destined to make another pass over all the land at the Last Day. Since all who are not under the Blood of Christ remain dead in trespasses and sins. (see Eph 2) All have sinned, and only Christ can redeem us therefrom. Note that the blood of the spotless lamb was smeared both vertically on the side post of the door, and horizontally over the lintels of the doorpost (cross beam). Reminds one of the cross does it not?
The time of the lambs sacrifice was the Eve of Passover – not only the same day, but even the same time of our Lord’s death on the cross. Our Lord was sacrificed on the 14th day of Nisan which was in the spring of the year at Passover. Since Spring is a time of new life and new beginnings, I consider that most appropriate. It may even be so that Christ was conceived on that same date and born nine months later in late-December.
If we do not understand the historic Passover, how could we ever conceive of Christ as the Lamb of God? “The next day John seeth Jesus coming unto him, and saith, Behold the Lamb of God, which taketh away the sin of the world.” John 1:29 (KJV) It was decided long before the worlds were made that our Lord would come as redeemer, savior, and Lamb of Sacrifice – our Passover – in the process of time and at God’s own discretion: “1 And I stood upon the sand of the sea, and saw a beast rise up out of the sea, having seven heads and ten horns, and upon his horns ten crowns, and upon his heads the name of blasphemy. 2 And the beast which I saw was like unto a leopard, and his feet were as the feet of a bear, and his mouth as the mouth of a lion: and the dragon gave him his power, and his seat, and great authority. 3 And I saw one of his heads as it were wounded to death; and his deadly wound was healed: and all the world wondered after the beast. 4 And they worshipped the dragon which gave power unto the beast: and they worshipped the beast, saying, Who is like unto the beast? who is able to make war with him? 5 And there was given unto him a mouth speaking great things and blasphemies; and power was given unto him to continue forty and two months. 6 And he opened his mouth in blasphemy against God, to blaspheme his name, and his tabernacle, and them that dwell in heaven.
7 And it was given unto him to make war with the saints, and to overcome them: and power was given him over all kindreds, and tongues, and nations. 8 And all that dwell upon the earth shall worship him, whose names are not written in the book of life of the Lamb slain from the foundation of the world. 9 If any man have an ear, let him hear.” Rev 13:1-9 (KJV)
Our Holy Communion is a Passover Meal. The Unleavened Bread represents the pure and sinless Body of Christ, and the wine, the sacrificial Blood of the Lamb. Have you considered this at the Lord’s Table? | <urn:uuid:22e08504-4187-4daa-9e4d-c1a58acf9943> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://aocinternational.org/our-great-passover/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.963029 | 3,038 | 2.5625 | 3 |
Source: Curriculum Inquiry, Volume 39 Issue 3, Pages 435 – 463 ( June 2009).
Inclusion and detracking policies seek to remedy the pervasive inequality of educational opportunities in U.S. schools by building classrooms that are integrated across the lines of race/ethnicity, class and disability.
These settings also offer all students access to a rich and challenging curriculum.
In practice, however, teachers often struggle with the implementation of these reforms.
Drawing on ethnographic research in detracked and inclusion classrooms, this paper analyzes the nature and sources of the tensions and dilemmas felt by teachers working in intentionally heterogeneous settings.
It argues that the implementation of these policies is not often accompanied by a serious interrogation of the taken-for-granted understandings of ability, standards, and structural inequality that pervade educational discourse inside schools.
This failure to challenge dominant discourse about these three issues is at the root of the tensions and dilemmas felt by teachers working in detracked and inclusion classrooms.
Drawing on lessons learned from research, the authors propose a capacity-oriented framework for teacher education that might better prepare teachers working in intentionally heterogeneous classrooms to meet the equity-minded goals of these reforms. | <urn:uuid:f886a44a-610a-4384-9a04-90c8c357d68e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://education.eng.macam.ac.il/article/1414 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.947542 | 253 | 2.484375 | 2 |
Questioning find out how to write a formidable poetry evaluation essay? At one point or another, we have all confronted this question. Regardless of what stage in one’s education that it pops up tackling a literary evaluation essay entails the identical course of. What does tend to differ, however, is the diploma of depth that’s needed in addition how it feels to be colored me sparknotes to the obtainable subjects, if any. Bear in mind that every lecturer may need added their own twist to the task itself. Nonetheless, the purpose of the task is to examine an element or more in a single or a number of works of literature. Thus, one can say that tackling this paper is in a way a scholarly analysis of a selected work of literature having the root of its investigation stemming from the varied perspectives of the textual content.
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The introduction is the very first thing your reader will encounter in your literary analysis essay, so it’s important that you write clearly and concisely. Literary evaluation requires the writer to fastidiously observe a theme, motif, character growth or stylistic component and examine its significance inside the context of the guide. As a result of literary analysis is dependent upon the writer’s interpretation of the textual content, it’s often essential to persuade the reader of your perspective. Writing a robust introduction to your essay will help launch your reader into your details.
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When writing a literary evaluation, you have to draw your argument out by way of the whole essay. That signifies that with every paragraph you add, you might want to connect it to the primary thesis of the essay. Doing so helps your reader see the overall level you are making. | <urn:uuid:4c4ff75c-44c1-4f81-83ea-544d17def225> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://knd3d.meil.pw.edu.pl/secrets-of-what-is-a-literary-analysis-essay-around-the-usa/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.930993 | 670 | 1.765625 | 2 |
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